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Wikipedia: Nanook of the North
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Documentary by Robert J. Flaherty which is considered the first feature-length documentary. It can be said that Flaherty made the film twice. The first time, the film and the original footage was destroyed in a fire. The film now in existence was released in New York in 1922.
In the tradition that would emerge of salvage ethnography?, Flaherty captured the struggling life of the Inuit Nanook and his family. However, often Flaherty would encourage Nanook to hunt in the method of his ancestors (without the use of a gun) in order to capture what was believed to be the way the Inuit lived before European influence.