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# Ernest Hemingway

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American author Ernest Miller Hemingway was born July 21, 1899 in [Oak Park]?, Illinois; died July 2, 1961 in Ketchum?, Idaho.

Awards:

- Silver Medal of Military Valor (medaglia d'argento) in World War I
- [Pulitzer Prize]? in 1953 (for [The Old Man and the Sea]?)
- Nobel Prize in literature in 1954 (also for [The Old Man and the Sea]?)

The following text was originally a research paper for school describing Hemingway's Life and work, as exemplified by the novels [For Whom the Bell Tolls]? and [A Farewell to Arms]?. If you are looking for information on Hemingway only, you might want to skip the sections on [Frederic Henry]? and [Robert Jordan]?. For a quick read, you can start at /Young and Innocent

If you want to know where the quotes are coming from, please refer to the bibliography section. For easier reading, this text is split in several sections, you can get an all-in-one HTML version at http://people.freenet.de/sonics_homepage/hemtext.html

## Grace Under Pressure
Death and Violence in Ernest Hemingway's Life and Work

### 1. Introduction

Death and violence were the two great constants in Hemingway's troubled and ever-changing life. In his infancy, he joined his father on hunting trips and was given his first shotgun at the age of ten. Fifty-one years later, he used one to commit suicide. In the meantime, he had hurt many and many had hurt him. He was a bit like Döblin's Franz Biberkopf; a tough, strong man with strong principles. Life thought that would be too bold to last, and started to hurt him. In fact, much of the beating he had to take and most of the losses he had to cope eith seemed neither his nor anybody else's fault. It seemed that life itself was against him sometimes. Hemingway "believed that life was a tragedy and knew it could only have one end" (Critiques (6.), p. 49), yet he was blessed by it with talent and fame. Maybe that made it harder for him to admit his failures and to correct them. This research paper tries, aside from analyzing the two novels as representatives of his work, to find out the reason for his ongoing decline and to point out mistakes and wrong decisions he made. It also tries to trace alternatives to Hemingway's actual development to reach a conclusion that sums up the effects of violence and death in its various forms upon Ernest Hemingway's life and work.

### Books and Beyond

/Famous at Twenty-Five Thirty a Master

/From Boy to Man Hemingways First World War

/From Reality to Fiction A Farewell to Arms

/The Time in Between

/Spain in Flames

/For Whom the Bell Tolls

### Robert Jordan and Frederic Henry: Two Facets of Hemingway

/Frederic Henry

  Background
  Character
  Development
  Catherine: A vehicle for the women in Hemingway?s life

/Robert Jordan

  Background
  Character
  Development
  Pablo
  Hemingway Up Close and Personal

/Young and Innocent

/Things Turn Sour

/The Endless Dark Nothingness

/Sure Shots The Second World War

/The Downward Spiral

### Conclusion

/Violence and Redemption

/Why It Went Wrong

### Appendix

/Bibliography

This is very impressive work and quite an enormous contribution to Wikipedia. First, Andreas, you do realize, I hope, that by posting it on Wikipedia, you have released this work according to the GNUFreeDocumentationLicense? Second, is there anything in particular that you would like people to do to this work to render it more encyclopedia-like? (For some similar instructions-to-the-public, see Larrys Text.) -- Larry Sanger

Yes and yes. There is obviously a need to restructure the whole text, biographic information should be separated from information on the two particular books, and a trivia section should be included. I will make some of those changes myself, but help is really welcome. -- SoniC

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