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# Linnaean taxonomy

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Linnaean Taxonomy divides living things into five top-level groups, called kingdoms:

- Kingdom Monera - bacteria, blue-green algae, etc.
- Kingdom Protista - basal protozoa, algae, etc.
- Kingdom Plantae - green algae & plants
- Kingdom Fungi - chytrids & fungi
- Kingdom Animalia - animals

and then further into phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. One way to remember the ordering is "King Phillip Came Over For Great Spaghetti". This is based closely on the scheme established by Carolus Linnaeus, but over time has changed to reflect different considerations about the relationships of living things; with the advent of evolution, it is generally encouraged that groups be monophyletic?.

The five kingdom view has largely been supplanted by the three domain view in modern taxonomic work. This was precipitated by the discovery of the Archaea. In one version of the three domain view (that taken by the NCBI taxonomy http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/taxonomyhome.html site), the following domains are the fundamental division with sub-divisions as indicated. Basically, what happens is that the old five kingdom stuff gets rearranged between Archaea, Prokaryotes and all Eukaryotes. Eukaryotes gets divided into many bits with the plants as we usually think of them going into one area, the algae going many different places, the fungi into a few places and animals getting put into a separate group with a few single celled items.

- Domain Archaea

  Crenarchaeota (extremely thermophilic archaebacteria)
  Euryarchaeota
  Korarchaeota
  unclassified Archaea

- Domain Bacteria (i.e. Eubacteria or true bacteria)

  Aquificales
  CFB/Green? sulfur bacteria group
  Chlamydiales/Verrucomicrobia? group
  Chrysiogenes group
  Coprothermobacter group
  Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
  Dictyoglomus group
  Fibrobacter/Acidobacteria? group
  Firmicutes (gram-positive bacteria)
  Flexistipes group
  Fusobacteria
  Green non-sulfur bacteria
  Nitrospira group
  Nitrospira group
  Proteobacteria
  Spirochaetales
  Synergistes group
  Thermodesulfobacterium group
  Thermotogales
  Thermus/Deinococcus? group
  unclassified Bacteria

- Domain Eukaryota

  Acanthamoebidae
  Acantharea
  Alveolata (alveolates)
  Cercozoa
  core jakobids
  Cryptophyta (cryptomonads)
  Diplomonadida (diplomonads)
  Entamoebidae
  Euglenozoa
  Glaucocystophyceae
  Granuloreticulosea
  Haptophyceae
  Heterolobosea
  Malawimonadidae
  Microsporidia
  Mycetozoa
  Opisthokonta (Animalia, Fungi, Choanoflagellates?)
  Oxymonadida
  Parabasalidea (parabasalids)
  Paramyxea
  Plasmodiophorida
  Polycystinea
  Ramicristates
  Rhodophyta? (red algae)
  Stramenopiles (heterokonts)
  Viridiplantae] (green plants)
  unclassified eukaryotes

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Last edited August 9, 2001 6:57 pm (diff)
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