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Wikipedia: Protocol
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In networking, a protocol is the specification of a set of rules for a particular type of communication. The term is also used to refer to the software that implements a protocol.
Most recent protocols are assinged by the IETF for internet communications, and the IEEE, or the ISO organizations for other types.
In international law and [international relations]?, a protocol is a treaty or [international agreement]? that supplements a previous treaty or international agreement. A protocol can ammend the previous treaty, or add additional provisions. Parties to the earlier agreement are not required to adopt the protocol; sometimes this is made clearer by calling it an 'optional protocol', especially where many parties to the first agreement do not support the protocol.
Some examples: the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) established a framework for the development of binding greenhouse gas emission limits, while the Kyoto Protocol contained the guidelines later agreed upon.