Teza:CVE nilt

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  <page>
    <title>Teza:CVE nilt</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>132</id>
    <revision>
      <id>158707</id>
      <parentid>2414</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-21T15:12:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>85</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Replacing Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg with [[File:Flag_of_Cape_Verde_(10-17).svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · Government standardized ratio is 2:3. For fu</comment>
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      <text bytes="411" sha1="327acjp5j9q2xkgzu3k3sbo6244a1xr" xml:space="preserve">[[Iyeltak:Flag of Cape Verde (10-17).svg|{{{1}}}]]&amp;nbsp;[[Kaboverdea]]&lt;!-- Tazukara Teza ta fintara va niltam ke lana patecta is gluyakiraf yolt. Tulon ta malsavera koe wafra ok vexala. Dor = lum ke niltewava. --&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
{{CVE_nilt|24px}}
{{CVE_nilt
|1 = lum ke niltewava	( tulon : 24px, 20px )
}}
&lt;/pre&gt;
[[Loma:Teza]]
[[Loma:Tazukara is atoera|Tazukara is atoera]]
[[Loma:PatectaniltTeza]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>327acjp5j9q2xkgzu3k3sbo6244a1xr</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vestasik va Amerika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8213</id>
    <revision>
      <id>158701</id>
      <parentid>157537</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-21T00:13:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>85</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removing [[:c:File:Vicente_Yáñez_Pinzón._Museo_Naval_de_Madrid.jpg|Vicente_Yáñez_Pinzón._Museo_Naval_de_Madrid.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:The Squirrel Conspiracy|The Squirrel Conspiracy]] because: per [[:c:Commons:Deletion reques</comment>
      <origin>158701</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6116" sha1="4967qn42cjn428ewbmmzmtpodb9bje2" xml:space="preserve">== Vestasik va [[Amerika]] ==
{{WafraVestasik1 (toza)}}
|-
|[[Lope de Aguirre]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1510-1561
|-
|[[Diego de Almagro]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1475-1538
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Diego_de_Almagro.JPG
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Pedro de Alvarado]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1485-1541
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Pedro_de_Alvarado_(Tomás_Povedano).jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Vasco Núñez de Balboa]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1475-1519
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Retrato_de_Vasco_Nuñez_de_Balboa_(1475-1517)_-_Anónimo.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Henry Walter Bates]]
|[[Britana|Englaf]]
|1825-1892
|-
|[[Sebastián de Belalcázar]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1480-1551
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Estatua de Sebastián de Belalcázar.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Bernal Díaz del Castillo|Bernal Díaz del Castillo]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1495-1582
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Supuesto_retrato_de_Bernal_Díaz_Del_Castillo_por_Genaro_García_basado_en_el_retrato_del_rey_francés_Enrique_IV_1904.jpeg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Étienne Brûlé]]
|[[Franca]]f
|±1592-1630
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Étienne_Brûlé_-_The_Old_Mill_Inn,_Toronto.JPG
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1490-1559
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Cabeza de Vaca Portrait.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[John Cabot]]
|[[Italia]]f
|1450-1499
|-
|[[Sebastian Cabot]]
|[[Britana|Englaf]]
|1476-1557
|-
|[[Pedro Alvares Cabral]]
|[[Portugala]]f
|±1467-1520

|-
|[[Jacques Cartier]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1491-1557
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Jacques Cartier 1851-1852.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[René Robert Cavelier de La Salle]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1643-1687
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Cavelier_de_la_salle.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Samuel de Champlain]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1567-1635
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Samuel_de_Champlain_1567-1635.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Georges Claraz]]
|[[Swiza]]f
|1832-1930
|-
|[[Cristoforo Colombo]]
|[[Genova]]f
|1451-1506
|-
|[[Francisco Hernández de Córdoba]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1475-1526
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Francisco_Hernandez_de_Cordoba.JPG
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Francisco Vásquez de Coronado]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1510-1554
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Pabellón Consistorial medallón 01 Juan Vázquez Coronado y Anaya.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[João Vaz Corte-Real]]
|[[Portugala]]f
|±1450-1496
|-
|[[Miguel Corte-Real]]
|[[Portugala]]f
|±1448-1502
|-
|[[Hernán Cortés]]
|[[Espana]]f
|1485-1547
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Retrato_de_Hernán_Cortés.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Jules Crevaux]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1847-1882
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Jules_Crevaux_JM_Lopez_(cropped).jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[John Davis]]
|[[Britana|Englaf]]
|±1550-1605
|-
|[[Juan Díaz de Solís]]
|[[Espana]]f
|1470-1516
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Olivos,_Buenos_Aires_Province,_Argentina_-_panoramio.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Leif Eriksson]]
|[[Islanda]]f
|X&lt;sup&gt;-eafa&lt;/sup&gt; decemda
|-
|[[Nikolaus Federmann]]
|[[Germana]]f
|±1506-1542
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Federman_nicolas2.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[John Charles Frémont]]
|[[Amerika]]f
|1813-1890
|-
|[[Alfred Grandidier]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1836-1921
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Alfred Grandidier.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Juan de Grijalva]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1489-1527
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
JuanGrijalvaCuellar.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Henry Hudson]]
|[[Britana|Englaf]]
|1570-1611
|-
|[[Alexander von Humboldt]]
|[[Germana]]f
|1769-1859
|-
|[[Louis Jolliet]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1645-1700
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Louis_Jolliet.JPG
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Erik Kerik]]
|[[Norga]]f
|±950-1003
|-
|[[Charles Marie de La Condamine]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1701-1774
|-
|[[Pierre de La Verendrye]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1685-1749
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de la Verendrye 03.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[João Fernandes Lavrador]]
|[[Portugala]]f
|XV&lt;sup&gt;-eafa&lt;/sup&gt; decemda 
|-
|[[Jacob Le Maire]]
|[[Nederlanda]]f
|1585-1616
|-
|[[Meriwether Lewis]]
|[[Amerika]]f
|1774-1809
|-
|[[Alexander Mackenzie]]
|[[Britana|Skotaf]]
|1764-1820
|-
|[[Jacques Marquette]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1637-1675
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Jacques_Marquette.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Pánfilo de Narváez]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1470-1528
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Panfilo de Narvaez.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Jean Nicolet]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1598-1642
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Jean_Nicolet.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Alonso de Ojeda]]
|[[Espana]]f
|1466-1516
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
AlonsoDeOjeda.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Alcide d'Orbigny]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1802-1857
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny 1802.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Francisco de Orellana]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1500-1545
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Francisco_de_Orellana1.JPG
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[John Palliser]]
|[[Kanada]]f
|1817-1887
|-
|[[Zebulon Pike]]
|[[Amerika]]f
|1779-1813
|-
|[[Vicente Yañez Pinzón]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1460-1523
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Francisco Pizarro]]
|[[Espana]]f
|1475-1541
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Portrait of Francisco Pizarro.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Juan Ponce de León]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1460-1521
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Juan_Ponce_de_León.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[John Wesley Powell]]
|[[Britana|Englaf]]
|1834-1902
|-
|[[Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1509-1579
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Don Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.JPG
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Walter Raleigh]]
|[[Britana|Englaf]]
|1554-1618
|-
|[[Hernando de Soto]]
|[[Espana]]f
|±1496-1542
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Hernando_de_Soto.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Aleksey Tcirikov]]
|[[Rossia]]f
|1703-1748
|-
|[[Johann Jakob von Tschudi]]
|[[Swiza]]f
|1818-1889
|-
|[[Pedro de Valdivia]]
|[[Espana]]f
|1497-1553
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Pedro_de_Valdivia.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[George Vancouver]]
|[[Britana|Englaf]]
|1757-1798
|-
|[[Giovanni da Verrazano]]
|[[Italia]]f
|±1485-1528
|-
|[[Amerigo Vespucci]]
|[[Italia]]f
|1454-1512
|-
|[[Nicolas Durand de Villegagnon]]
|[[Franca]]f
|1510-1571
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Nicolas Lagneau - Nicolas Durand de Villegagnon.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[Sebastián Vizcaíno]]
|[[Espana]]f
|1548-1615
| &lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot;&gt;
Vizcaino.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

|-
|[[John Augustine Zahm]]
|[[Amerika]]f
|1851-1921
|-
|}

[[Loma:Vestasik|Vestasik]]
[[Loma:Vestasik va Amerika|Vestasik va Amerika]]</text>
      <sha1>4967qn42cjn428ewbmmzmtpodb9bje2</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vicente Yañez Pinzón</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8255</id>
    <revision>
      <id>158702</id>
      <parentid>145228</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-21T00:13:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>85</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removing [[:c:File:Vicente_Yáñez_Pinzón._Museo_Naval_de_Madrid.jpg|Vicente_Yáñez_Pinzón._Museo_Naval_de_Madrid.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:The Squirrel Conspiracy|The Squirrel Conspiracy]] because: per [[:c:Commons:Deletion reques</comment>
      <origin>158702</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1108" sha1="k9eaq4q2t44ku3rpbld5xxrcvo6jjtv" xml:space="preserve">{{RemgudaksIzvopa|Bat teliz}}{{Korikaf kroj|korik=Vicente Yáñez Pinzón|evleem=±1460-1523|kira=[[Espana]]f vestasik is totasik}}
{{Teliz toza}}
'''Vicente Yáñez Pinzón''' ( ±1460-1523 ) ~ Espanaf [[Vestasik va Amerika|vestasik va Amerika]].

Vicente Yañez Pinzón tiyir espanaf kotgrupaf totasik isu vestasik bak tena ke 15&lt;sup&gt;-eafa&lt;/sup&gt; decemda iku toza ke 16&lt;sup&gt;-eafa&lt;/sup&gt;.

Dositik ke [[Cristoforo Colombo]], dirgas va tan baroy asuk bal inafa taneafa koyara is kosmara va Amerika.

Azon, bak 1500 va [[Amazonas (kuksa)|Amazonas]] reca kosmar. 

== Blirizva ==

{{Teliz toleaf briz}}
{{Vestasik
|yolt = Vicente Yáñez Pinzón
|ewava =
|pebuda = Delt va Vicente Yáñez Pinzón
|koblira = [[1460|±1460]]
|koblixo = Palos de la Frontera (&amp;nbsp;[[Espana]]&amp;nbsp;)
|awalkera = [[1523|1523]]
|awalkexo = [[Sevilla]], [[Espana]]
|vedeyot = [[Espana]]
|vedeyotnilt = Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg
|eba = Totasik, olgalicusik
|vestaxo = [[Amerika]]
}}
{{Teliz tena}}
{{EspanafVestasikAmerika}}
[[Loma:Vestasik va Amerika|Pinzón (Vicente Yáñez)]]
[[Loma:Espanaf vestasik|Pinzón (Vicente Yáñez)]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kaboverdea</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10175</id>
    <revision>
      <id>158708</id>
      <parentid>129888</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-21T15:20:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>85</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Replacing Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg with [[File:Flag_of_Cape_Verde_(10-17).svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · Government standardized ratio is 2:3. For fu</comment>
      <origin>158708</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1351" sha1="8f5ifno77170azm60abrnrr8hteloxj" xml:space="preserve">{{RemgudaksPatecta|Bat teliz}}
{{Patecta
|Yolt       = Kaboverdea
|tiyarak = Kaboverdea.wav
|Winugayolt = República de Cabo Verde
|Nilt       = Flag of Cape Verde (10-17).svg
|Zawa       = Coat_of_arms_of_Cape_Verde.svg
|Liwot      = Cape_Verde_(orthographic_projection).svg
|Kelu       = [[Praia]]
|Aveem      = [[Portugalava]], [[Kaboverdeava]]
|Vertuma    = Tadlemwafe sokasane
|Welmot      = 4 033
|Sanelia    = 583 255 (2020) &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cv.html « Caboverdea — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency »] &lt;small&gt;( beliyina ba 6/11/2020 )&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
|For        = 144 {{small|ir-/km²}}
|Tal        = Kaboverdeafo Escudo
}}
[[Iyeltak:Cv-map.png|thumb|right|260px|Jadif liwot va Kaboverdea]]
'''Kaboverdea''' tir tursiafa patecta ke [[Taltefa Afrika]].

== Tawavopa ==
Kaboverdea tir tursiafa patecta koe [[Atlantika Welfa]] grocelon ice [[Senegala]].

== Izva ==
&lt;!-- :→ ''Den kotraf teliz'' : [[Izva ke Kaboverdea]]--&gt;

== Ristusa grustara ==
&lt;!--:→ [[Winkeem ke Kaboverdea|Wafra dem winkeem]] ke patecta.--&gt;

== Sanelia ==
&lt;!--:→ [[Widava ke Kaboverdea|Wafra dem widavapa]] ke patecta.--&gt;

== Araya==
&lt;!--:→ [[Tamavafa gadakiewega koe Kaboverdea|Tamavafa gadakiewega ke UNESCO]]--&gt;

== Vuestexa ==
{{Vuestexeem}}
{{Afrika}}

[[Loma:Kaboverdea|*]]
[[Loma:Afrika]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kolima (Gulag)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>10435</id>
    <revision>
      <id>158704</id>
      <parentid>144859</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-21T05:05:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>85</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removing [[:c:File:Гаранин.jpg|Гаранин.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Abzeronow|Abzeronow]] because: per [[:c:Commons:Deletion requests/File:Гаранин.jpg|]].</comment>
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      <text bytes="27024" sha1="fl2sghpom8lf61959zghhyl9shuwnzs" xml:space="preserve">&lt;span&gt;&lt;indicator name=&quot;Tuveli_izvopa&quot;&gt;{{Tuveli:Izvopa teliz|}}&lt;/indicator&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
[[Iyeltak:Kolyma.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Kolima gola valentrone Rossia]]
'''Kolima''' tir gola ke rossiafa Sumefa Roneka, vanpiyisa gijotaxo ke divkawodara bak XX&lt;sup&gt;-eafa&lt;/sup&gt; decemda yoke poana kobara.

Yolt ke gola tir vey [[Kolima (kuksa)|Kolima bost]], abrotcaf gu 2130 km- is dis va bostxo vas 680 000 km². Bato tir dem vageefa is varonefa mefta dem ontine vas 3000 m- ( Tcen mefta koe [[Tcerski (jaka)|Tcerski jaka]] ), is dem Kolima valentefa azekapa lize bost kal [[Arktika Welfa]] traspur.

Remi [[Stalinugal]] jontik lanzanik ko pemaxo ke ''[[Gulag]]'' bolk ke gola zo stakseyed. Bata rekola tuke berpot ke [[Varlam Calamov]] (&amp;nbsp;''Yona nega ke Kolima''&amp;nbsp;) tulon zo gruper numen Kolima trogarn di vanpiyir tan erbilok va ''Gulag''.

== Jadifa wira ==

Kolima, i glupafo arktikafo is vanartikindafo tawavo, dem lanansaf gaderopaf is tawavopaf kimeem, koe lugavafa lentronefa coyunta ke [[Sibiria]]. Ezeuca is bumuca is boksafa lidawicka is olgapaf bliragropeem ton ''batakafo kusto'' vaon askid, i ton pilkovaxo. Sovietik va Kolima lodam betara gola ke ''Gulag tursia'' crakeyed : «&amp;nbsp;''Колыма значит смерть''&amp;nbsp;» (&amp;nbsp;''Kolima va awalk sugdalar''&amp;nbsp;) banugale zo gikaliyir. Karedjo grupeno koe kotafa [[TSSS]] soka kaliyir : «&amp;nbsp;Kolima, Kolima, ey vecasa winka / san-toloy aksat fentugal, ark idulugal.&amp;nbsp;»

Gola jontikedje tiyir ke rossiafo gindaxo, voxe kali toza ke XX&lt;sup&gt;-eafa&lt;/sup&gt; decemda wan zo grupenseyer. Valevida bato afanano tawavo wetce «&amp;nbsp;batakafe aytase cade&amp;nbsp;» ik «&amp;nbsp;patecta ke batakaf awalk&amp;nbsp;» zo grupeyer, rossiaf vestasik iku tcabanesik iku stuvik va inafa kruldera al divrozayad. Toloya kira va tanealik dive gola al kevgiyid : boksafa lidawicka is tigirafa bumuca. Taneaf europik vestapayas nutiyir Jan Czerski polskik, i gaderopaf divblinik moni 189&lt;sup&gt;-e&lt;/sup&gt; sanda.

Neken, Kolima va katcalafa aptaca atoer : i va kuluca gu moavafi vruni. Taneafi bak 1916 koe Srednekam krant (&amp;nbsp;kovoama ke [[Kolima (kuksa)|Kolima bost]]&amp;nbsp;) zo kosmar. Bak 1928 bata kosmara gan ari vruni kene ara kovoa zo gruyer. Bak mila tanda taneafa sidopafa brinuga zo grustar. Bak 1929 pilkafa ikseltara gan rictaga zo pour, isen moavayestasik va intyona yestaks ika betafo dro pu ''Soyuzzoloto'' sokafa kawotafa ja gonoxaadad. Bak lerdeaksat ke 1929, blodik ke brinuga va siskapas munesteks icde moavafa kuluca ke gola sanegad. Mergileem ke Soyuzzoloto ja zo laumasid ; neke wan tir betaf : 150 okol is 300 bedakol ikz-.

Kawotafa ja nope kobasa gracirapa mejer. Lidawickaf gropeem drikon pebur. Moavafa tokoda divkawodayana tir axapafa : 274 kg- bak 1930 az diretandon 153 kg-. Ba 13/10/1991 ta savera va kawoda is vegedura va vawa ke gola ''Dalstroy'' viley zo redur. Neken tawavo gan ''Politburo'' ke [[Moskva]] rontion wan zo gedir. Kobasikeem laumackar : bak teveaksat ke 1929, gakerafa fabdura dire tuadrar da lanzanik vas loa baroya flintafa tanda koe flint mea di zo dagid voxe gu poana kobara di zo eyoded nume ko kobaso pemaxo di zo arbured.

Radimi kosmara va kulafa kawotafa rotiruca, gola noalon toz zo malsaver. Stolenik (&amp;nbsp;rossiavon ''lagernik''&amp;nbsp;) tid nelkafa xeka. Konak kunoy «&amp;nbsp;volnik ke sane&amp;nbsp;» faveyes gu levetiraf kobasikeem koe yona kawoda valente Sibira awalked, jontolon enide va kawotaf rob al malsaved isen tsunesik di xonuked.

Merovansanuca ke gola va jovlera va vawaf azed wale [[Vladivostok]] is [[Magadan]] widavapa ke Kolima nekir. Antafa rotisa gluya kle tir birafa, mal Vladivostok kal Magadan moltam ik [[Kamtcatka]] ik Ambatcik molt kene [[Arktika Welfa|Arktika welfa]]. Vajtoteem ta remburera va stolenik bak lapira az moava bak dimlapira zo redur.

Taneaf gadesik va kobaso pemaxo ke Kolima bak 1932 zo koflir : Edvard Petrovitc Berzin blodapik ke GPU birgardial va rotieem ta tuvodara va gola dadir. Teni 1932, pata ke gola ixam tir dem 11000 daginik, keon 90 % ta vegedura va flintafe ik kawotafe ik remburerafe levedre zo vankolad. Gadenon gan Berzin, Kolima vanpir warzafa jowa ke [[Sovietafa Tanara]]. Kotafa skapa tir moe stolenikafa poana kobara. Moion, taneafa dadefa vawa (&amp;nbsp;1034 km-&amp;nbsp;) van lenteka male Magadan kale Ambartcik zo taneaster. Kobaso pemaxo kene bata vawa zo vegedud isen warzafa kawoda nelkon moavafa toz zo saved.

=== Magadan ===
Idja ke bata kaliafa vonera tiyir [[Magadan]] kelu ke Kolima. Bata onasa widama ton flintafo boniaxo kalion voneweyer. Konak vuntoy stolenik vankolan gu kobaso pemaxo tandeon artlapiyid. Va sanelia ke Magadan is patectay tadleyed aze kali awalkera sye di kobayad : meka dimlapira tiyir abdiwiyisa. Batkane, Magadan tis wida dem anton 165 mona bak 1935 di vanpiyir widava dem 100 000 irubasik.

Sovietaf suteks, bro ''Magadan'' neva, va widava gu plinafo is witafo is bliso is loeke nuyafo xo pimtar. Mecoba bazer da inafa vonera 
va poana kobara va sovietaf rezgalenik is polskaf stolenik isu germanaf isu romaniafu isu latviafu isu lietuvafu isu siniafu is koreafu ikz- daner. Nope griaskira va kobas pemaxoeem remi 1950&lt;sup&gt;-e&lt;/sup&gt; sanda, setikera va bat levetirikeem al griawir. Beka sovietafa savseluxaxa abicote al koafiyid, pune dameura va darekeugal re wan dilizer.

== Pemaxoikafa xanta ==
[[Iyeltak:1-st Kolyma Expedition.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Vexala dem taneaf rezgalenik ko Kolima bak 1929]]
Taneaf sovietaf kosik gu stalinafa rujara tozi 1930&lt;sup&gt;-e&lt;/sup&gt; sanda jontikote toz artlapiyid.

Warzaf rob kum poan kobasikeem radimi tolgenira va [[Polska]] gan TSSS bak 1939 zo trasiyid. Konak decitoy polskik ko datafo tawavo ke [[Sibiria]] is [[Kazaxa]] zo rezgaleyed. Kalion rezgalenik ke [[Lietuva]] is [[Latvia]] is [[Eestia]] azon artlapiyid, i ke baroya patecta tunotrayana gan TSSS. Azon stolenik ke kot meld jupayan gan TSSS va mila kelda koolapiyid.

== Remburera va pemaxoik van Kolima ==
Poana kobara va axaf ramiruk kev sovietafa skapa co askiyir ede levedre turotisase va remburera va pemaxoik mal divoksexo kal malsavexo me co kruldeyer.

''Транссибирская магистраль'' kelot vanpiyir tela nelkafa liziba ta vanstara va pemaxoikeem kal recela kene sarva ; azon kal gedrafo pemaxo valente Sibiria zo rembureyed. Ronefo artexo ke kelot, i [[Vladivostok]], tiyir mallapixo van Kolima. Neken, kabe sidafa liziba, birafa joya tiyir antaf mergil ta artlapira va krimta ke Kolima koo [[Nipona Bira]] isu [[Oxotsk Bira|Oxotsk]]. Toteem dikis va omava koe Vladivostok batdume zo reduyur ; wali 1932 is 1953 va mon celemoy poan kobasik rembureyer.

=== Tota dem levetirik ===
Vajtoteem apton senuyun va pemaxoik ta antafa lapira rembureyer.

Tota, dum ''Djurma'' is ''Sovlatvia'' is ''Dalstroy'' is ''Dekabrist'' va konak decitoy pemaxoik koe tuksaxo rembureyed. Kotbata tota, xanton tisa vajtota, rorembureteson va cugaf ayaf vaj arinde zo senuyud. Ordafa tota tiyir ''Djurma''. Dre kum inta kene dzeteem ke tuksaxo dem unja vas aluboya vwa zo renzayar. Kota vwa tiyir dem brid emudes va aluboy senyes ayik. Rundanyas pemaxoik ton taneon meem is taka vane lanixo taruteteson va belka gonanjeyer. Divcepexo tiyid dem vedila (&amp;nbsp;''paratca''&amp;nbsp;) rekolon tuvlardayana ko bira ; sina jontikviele trovgaweyed nume va cekaj ko tuksaxo mopleyed.

Moe batyona kaikvajayana tota, sinka kotviele tiyir dika. Banugale kotafa patecta zo vaceyer numen levetirik ironokon zo zanivayad. Moe tota, vace gitiyir lefa gu tela dafuna koe flint. Tadle ke vieleafa estura, mu kota lospa dem san-aluboy ayik, tiyir begki is pakta dem kunta is jumega dem lava. Rezgalexof emonjelk zo rewayar : « mekobas ayik va meka sinka rokar ».

Galaf gael rem ticefa xinta ke tuksaxo kostiyir. Soe tokoda ke kostis gael gitiyir dika. Ostik, xinteem is nelkaf tuvel tiyid budenaf kotviele tota va tawavofa bira ke Nipona koolapiyir.

=== Skaya ===
''Djurma'' tota va kipi ke folveem nekiyin gan remburera va daginik askiyir.

Bak tana koyara van Ambartcik arktikaf molt, ''Djurma'' zo kooprayar. Va int me grifuneson, tota fentugalcekon zavzayar yalestafa, dem vaj vas 12 000 ayik. Sovietafa rictaga va mek greles mergil dadiyir. Kotaf ayaf vaj nope fent is ael koe tuksaxo awalkeyer.

Ba ara katecta, moe grocela, gomilusik va tey koe tuksaxo vanteyayad. Dirgasik ke tota lodopelon ikatcuyur ise va pomara ke niponaf totasik pokeon tigis vewayar. Drig va tuveleem is xinteem budeyer numen kotaf ayaf vaj nope vimtara awalkeyer. Tey azon zo tenuyur azen tota ta emudera va warzaf vaj zo dimempayar.

Robert Conquest va are egale miwar : edavera ke ''Sovlatvia'' tota kametcasa va lietuvaf pemaxoik is vaj dem foba.

Polskafa klita va are egale icde ''Djurma'' tota munester. Bak imwugal ke 1941, tota remburesa va 8000 ayik (&amp;nbsp;don 3000 polskik&amp;nbsp;) va are egale bak tizafa zivotcara levgar. Koe tuksaxo istef starkot atitsuyud numen jontiktan xonuked oke zo bakayad. Otacka meviele di zo tusaneayar.

== Kobaso pemaxo ==
[[Iyeltak:Travail_des_prisonniers_dans_le_Goulag,_photo_du_musée_de_Vologda_consacré_à_Chalamov.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Kobara ke daginik, afigasuteks ke Calamov tcilaxe ke Vologda]]
Bataf olk tiyir kobaso pemaxo. Kolnayano koe bumpaxo ke taiga aala lize moavaf femint al zo kosmayad, pemaxo tiyir metcazafo is meesafo gu inkera. Zo envayar titison mivstapeso kiren flira vas kobara ke pemaxoikeem benaykayar. Sin va pemaxo koton vegeduyud, gabeson is ilbodeson va inta is kolnason va wico. Koe taiga aala tozi trelaf idulugalaf cadim zo nyuyud. Inaf taneaf lag tiyir inkera va sulgafa istayaxa is intafo wico dem vistalexo mu stolenik is zanokeem, is dere divef xeeem mu susikeem is dirgasik. Ar blay ta vegedura va taneakaf ugol ta savera va moava zo vankolayar nume va sid fenkuyur aze va kawotafa kobara bokayar. Divkawodara va moava moi artlapira ke yon ayik vere tozuweyer. Adja vamoe kolanixo ke pemaxo kaliyir : « Patecta va moava olegar ».

Tulon, icde kawoda yoltkirafa gu Priisk tigisa arte 400 ik 500 km- lente Magadan koe krant vanmiae noldakirafo meftaxo :
:« Bak idulugal ke 1941, taneafa lospa dem polskaf stolenik ko pemaxo artlapiyir. Banlize va taneaf artlapisik kolnayas va pemaxo weti tolda trasiyid ; abicote wan tiyid blis. To nelkon flisik ke pemaxo va lokiewafe sinkavace isu vage kazawayad ise va lokiewaf bliragropeem pojayad kire va benelaf zanoxeem ravaldayad. Banugale, toloya monaja mu pemaxoik kobas koe kawoda wan tiyid dem abdarafa kepaita kum almuk ; wico ta burmotara men tiyir tenukeyena isen selaxe tiyir wicojo poke kolanixo ke pemaxo. Sulgafa istayaxa is sus rasek tiyid delon inkeyen isen lodontinafe susikafe sayakaxe va kot senuks noveyen gan goaspileem dadiyir. »

== Grustara va warzera ==
Kota sugara ke bolk vas laumasira va warzera va moava niteyer. Gracara va nuva is witaf ugol jupayad da gadesik va warzesucaja gu laumasira va poan kobasikeem di lagwaeyed. Zinulayad da batyon taneakaf mergil va cugafa warzera ika vugafe tapile co ravaldayad. Nelkot tiyir da ja va int miv gostapeyer ise va ziliduksany mu soka gowarzeyer.

Konak grustaks ta kalstujera va warzera va moava kruldeyed. Gadesik ke tanbat tiyir Garanin. Rekola ke inafa boksafa gazara gu «&amp;nbsp;''Garaninctcina''&amp;nbsp;» dene gakerafa prostewa ke Kolima zo grupeyer. Mek azaf gadesik va warzaca tukiewasa va pemaxoikaf bliragropeem di lakoplekuyur. Yolt dum Vicnyovyetski ok Gakayev ok Drabkin wetce fikaf ristusik dure kaikdines is volvialas koe izva ke Kolima di zavzayad.

=== Ugalorafo pemaxo ===
Pemaxo gomejijapayad. Vielu kawoda tiyir puskeyena, pune pemaxo sye zo jovleyer, isen dere pemaxoik volrodelanis. Arak van warzaf moavaf seg zo stayar lize va warzafo pemaxo di kolnayar ise va yona warzafa kawoda suxayar. Rawaks ke konakbato pemaxo re wan tid rowin.

=== Tokoda ke warzeyena moava ===
[[Iyeltak:Kolyma-goldmine.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Tano jontiko moavaxo ke Kolima]]
Sedme uldinera ke Robert Conquest, moavafa warzera vas abic decitor arti taneafa tanda tiyir aze vas 400 ik 500 decitor tandeon co artfiyir edje ayikafa tazdara tiyid cuga. Re bata uldinera nutid slika numen ageltuca loon co tir vas saneaca.

== Stolenik ==
[[Iyeltak:Deportee camp in the upper Kolyma region.jpg|thumb|left|240px|Pemaxo koe vaticefa Kolima]]
[[Iyeltak:Deportee barrack in the Kolyma region.jpg|thumb|left|240px|Daginikafo irubaxo]] 
[[Iyeltak:Lithuanian deportee house in Kolyma.jpeg|thumb|left|240px|Irubaxo leve nolda koe sumefo pemaxo ke Kolima]]
[[Iyeltak:Zeks du Goulag , photo du musée de Chalamov à Vologda.jpg|thumb|left|240px|Daginik koe kenibexo koe pemaxo ke Kolima, afigasuteks ke Calamov tcilaxe ke Vologda]]
=== Blira ke stolenik ===
Latema ke yoltiskaf askisik exuleyed aze zo kanariyid use zo dankagayad, ton jontika inda, koe kotafa Kolima. Va blira ke stolenik kan yona zijnafa is kexafa dolantira negayad. Anatol Krakowiecki polskaf askisik va tana do lexa sanegayar :

&lt;small&gt;
:« Kene Oxotsk bira blí&lt;br/&gt;
:Lize Sumefa Roneka tenuwer&lt;br/&gt;
:Zelayanon is suton blí&lt;br/&gt;
:Kolnason va warzafo inkexo. »
&lt;/small&gt;

Diref food va sutuca ke stolenikafa blira mallinged isen tel bocaf va opranafa arna ke mefta divrozar lize gloga ke awalkik tori kotabafa tildera dayked.

Kuba tiyir dem blotafe vace arapenise kare warzesuca. Bak idulugal, viele warzera va cuge artfiyir, tele lozolonafe vace vieleon tiyir dem beg vas 600 g- is amu ke eipayan aaltuk is baron aftafe aabre vas tanoy ekedacek. Mu leon warzesaf ayik, vieleafe begvace tiyir vas anton 400 g- ik dace 200 g-. Fentugalon, kote vace tiyid vugeke pinafe, numen aabre anton tolon vieleon zo zanivayar. Fentugalafa kobarapa tiyid basnoldara va kelda is gaest is suxara va sid kal vwa ke moava.

Vanmiae amidafa vrutara vanbureyena gan savsaf kobudenik ke pemaxo ke ''Gulag'' (&amp;nbsp;tulon [[Aleksandr Soljenitsin|Soljenitsin]] is [[Varlam Calamov|Calamov]]&amp;nbsp;), Georgi Demidov va blira koe pemaxo kan yon gedraf dizves gentim al pimtar ; batinde ''Dubar is aryona nega'', inafa neva va tec « kouf ugalay » icde bliragropeem ke stolenik tis vey gedrafa xanta dafur.

=== Rictula koe pemaxo ===
Dirgasik is susa braora va pemaxo stujeyed. «&amp;nbsp;Flisikaf stolenik&amp;nbsp;» vanmiau gomilusikeem lanote zo narayad. Gaderopaf stolenik zo divlapuyud. Bat flisik va koefa gedira is burmotara is vaneksara is kiewagira va inkexo viunsuyud. Inafi fli dere tiyir divmonara va stolenik ba gazda, is kalfavera va mergileem ta seotara va cugafa warzereka. Levbenplekura va stolenik gu gomilusik wetce malatcera va ardialafa eaftuca gan bolk zo tumalyayar. Favera va stalce is peyara kan leakom ik tresiki tiyid gubeaca. Ke pursas sabegareem va stolenik, kastara va vace ik lofa kobara kaiki san-toloy bartivack tiyir. Pursara dile tiyir xonukesira.

=== Sok ke ayik ===
Anatol Krakowiecki, pimtason va ayiktum stakseyen mal kawoda van lodrikafa kobavera va dimempara va vawa, va pedrasa ewava icde stolenikaf sok bilder&amp;nbsp;:
: 
{{TelizOzwaks_Nivaca1
|ozwaks = «&amp;nbsp;[...] Mal moavaxo tacedikaf ezgalday artlanir. Bat ayik bro sulem va portafa kobara remi idulugalcek al gozornad. Sulem co exuyud oke co awalkeyed. Voxen ayik loeke sokeker. Ayik, malsaven remi cadimcek, al vanpid yup. Drikon me rogildat kane bat ayik wan tid blis. Ton antafa alma isu niskeem, arse. Bat blisik, i dare ayik, altokon varon vilayan, mea tid favlaf gu moavaxo kiren inafa warzesuca tir vodiskafa ; batdume tison lewe awalkes gu kiewagira va kelda zo vankolad.&amp;nbsp;»
|askisik = Anatol Krakowiecki
}}

=== Awalkereka koe Kolima ===
Sedme Robert Conquest britaf izvopik, awalkereka dene stolenikeem va 30 % arti taneafa tanda az lewe 100 % arti tolda artfiyir. Lazava taneon tiyid lugavaf lidawickaf gropeem nekis va awalk ok tutapaks ; az blotafe vace dikapafe ; az tere yona brayakolafa ik amatraspufa konakakola meropena ok ropejena.

Beka, oye gracara va elimaf orig, tiskara va otacka ke awalkikeem tir riwe volrotisa, lodekemafa uldinera va 130 000 ik 500 000 kosik icde pemaxoeem ke Kolima bilded. Ota vas bar-celemoy abduplekuyuna gan Robert Conquest wetce slikacapa re zo torigir, gan dace mil askisik.

Kolima dere tiyir naboxa ke jontik doevaf blodapik koaytcuyus. Edvard Berzin taneaf gadesik va « tapanafa patecta » zo zeltayar. Kaikion, Garanin mayesiyis va gadeno pemaxo, konlize koe valentefo moavaxo griawiyir. Diref dirgasik, Vicnyovyetski va milafi bali levgayar, kojizayani nope xonukera ke yon stolenik bak brinuga ilon stakseyena ta trasira va warzafi moavafi vruni.
{{Clr}}
== [[Toleafa Tamavageja]] ==
=== Tolgenira va TSSS ===
Tolgenira va sovietafo tawavo gan ''Nazi'' [[Germana]] bak 1941 va rossiafa tazdarapa keve redjel taneon nekiyir, numen batcoba vebayar da sovietaf gadesik va intafa gaderopa tove poan kobasikeem di gotuolgayad : rabateson da intafa kobasa klita tiyid kimakirafa, va yona zolonafa betara joke stolenikeem gorayad. Kobasikeem turiaweson nope geja, tuvodaweyer : olgapafa askipera ke 1937-1942 tanda do zo jovleyed numen batcoba va tukiewara va bliragropeem koe kobaso pemaxo noveyer. Awalkereka illaumapayar. Bak konaka tanda, [[Sovietafa Tanara]] tiyir loeke gindesa tove stolenikeem.

=== Vrutara ke polskik ===
Bata rekola ke izva ke Kolima gan yon polskik tunuyayan tuke mefavafa gaderopafa dotrakara wal Sovietafa Tanara is divbliyine [[polska]]fe bowere koe London zo divnediyir : bak 1941, moi tolgenira va Sovietafa Tanara gan ''Nazi'' Germana, polskikeem is sovietikeem kev mil ''Nazi'' volnik di tiyid numen vanpiyid vangluyanik. Bioga sugdayana koe London va tunuyara va kot polskik div flinteem is pemaxoeem askoayar. Rueza dinesa va davafa tunuyara gan sovietaf gakerabolk dile mekalion zo rewayad. Neken baxekap ke moblisikeem gu polskafa ervolia zo koplekuyur nume va Sovietafa Tanara di buluyur. Britik is amerikik va sinyona vrutara krafiansayad. Munesteks ke polskik ins zo afanayad ise wetce kevsovietafa galbedura zo atoeyed.

=== Tena ke geja ===
Do cenera va Germana bak 1945, tazdara keve redjel ten tiyid. Bata debala va warzafa kobasikafa klita kou patecta sure levgayana firviyir. Warzaf artlapisik tiyid germanaf gejastolenik isu niponaf is ukrainaf vedeyevik isu romaniaf is dere bewik ke polskafa acagisa ervolia pomayasa va Sovietafa Tanara. Kotbat ayik va xesteem iskeyen gan diref pemaxoik tukotrayad. Soe sinaf bliragropeem koe Kolima di tiyid olgapaf leon dam abdi geja. Jontiktan va tandafa gakera karleyed aze nope gaderoparura koe Sovietafa Tanara ko vo di rodimlapiyid.

== Tena ==
[[Iyeltak:Butugycheg_mine.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Rawaks ke dirgaxe koe Butugitcag pemaxo]]
=== Artazukara va pemaxoeem ke Kolima ===
Nope solelara va ''Dalstroy'' grustaks ke pemaxoeem bak 1957, sovietik va warzafa gaderopa va kobara koe Kolima vanikatcuyud. Beka stolenikafa sanelia va poana kobara wan di levgayar, pune moekote to gubef daginik tiyid. Gaderopaf daginik griawiyid. Nuyaf kobasik koe gola ixam kruldeyed voxen jontikar kuranik koe kotak ke Sovietafa Tanara di zo kselduyud. Jontik warzaf tanealik ko gola va int koinkeyed, reduson va yasa is kolnason va mona. Yik ko bata jowafa coyunta kan abduplekura va yofteksany is lokiewafa blireka zo vanimpayad. Artfira ke witaf brubeugal va gola loeke turotcizanayar ise konakedje tutrigayar.

=== Rotuxadara va Kolima ===
Sedme jontik rossiik is polskik is lietuvik is latviik, Kolima trogarn tir milsugdalaf gu baliexofa virnuca.

Soe, geltruca ke bata xonukafa tameinda tove arak ke tamava jontikedje wan zo dameuyur ise zo mastuyur. Tulon, bak 1944 viele Wallace amerikaf ikataneagadesik ganeyen gan sovietafe bowere va gola worayar, pune kotcoba zo jupayar enide ageltafa kramuca ke ''Gulag'' bolk isu pemaxo wan zo palseyer, tulon gu ''Potyomkin widinda'' nediyina pu Ekaterina II gazik bak 1787 remi flikoyara koe Krima.

== Ugalay ==
* '''1928 - 1929''' : moavakirafa tawova kene [[Kolima (kuksa)|Kolima kuksa]] zo kikamayad aze gan soka zo malsaveyed.

* '''13/11/1932''' : redura va ''Dalstroy'' ja tigisa va aveg koe [[Magadan]] ta savera va kawotaf robeem, is vegedura va vawa is levedre, is turabara va coyuntaki ke Sumefa Roneka.

* '''04/02/1932''' : artlapira ke tota dem Edvard Berzin taneaf dirgasik va ''Dalstroy'' grustaks is sanoy taneaf daginik. Edvard Berzin : zolonaf flibapik ke NKVD sovietaf gaderopaf ardial.

* '''01/04/1932''' : dirgara ta redura va ''Sevostlag'' pemaxobolk ta olegara ke ''Dalstroy'' grustaks

* '''1932-1933''' : fuxe 11 100 daginik ke pemaxoeem ke Kolima, 10 % va divkawodara va moava kobaved voxe anton 25 % kaiki fentugal di moblid. Divkawodara va moava vas 500 kg-.

* '''1933''' : gorara ke Berzin kizes va kobaraprekseem tove daginik, is tuovopas va savera num tuzijnamas va flintafa vertuma ta illaumasira va awalkereka.

* '''01/01/1934''' : nope jontika warzafa kametca dem gaderopaf daginik is gubef stolenik, otacka ke daginikeem ke Sevostlag tir vas 30 000. Berzin va askiperaja pu daginik is inaf bliragropajeem is dandiskafa dakira va gakera is konakara rofavera rotplekusa va kalskura va azed ke ''Dalstroy'' boker.

* '''1936''' : divlaumara ke tegiso tawavo ke ''Dalstroy'' vas 700 000 km².

* '''1937''' : daginikafa ota tiyir vas 36 000 bak 1935. Bak 1937 re tir vas 70 000. Divkawodara va moava : vas 14 500 kg- bak 1935 az 51 500 kg- bak 1937.

* '''3&lt;sup&gt;-aksat&lt;/sup&gt; ke 1937''' : Berzin va aelyastera is urbera ke 200 trotskievaf daginik munester. Bantan gu xonuka di zo lanzayad aze zo zeltayad.

* '''6&lt;sup&gt;-aksat&lt;/sup&gt; ke 1937''' : [[Stalin]] va gadera ke dirgasik va pemaxoeem ke Kolima malyopar, i va gadera co tisa tulwarsafa is zijnarsafa tove daginikeem.

* '''12&lt;sup&gt;-aksat&lt;/sup&gt; ke 1937''' : Berzin is tcicesikeem ko [[Moskva]] zo stakseyed aze zo sopeyed aze gu toidera zo korolayad nume ba 01/08/1938 zo zeltad.

* '''17/01/1938''' : rankera gan sutelasik ke ''Sovietskaya Kolima'' fela va torkevafa vertuma anamstegena gan Pavlov warzaf dirgasik koe pemaxoeem. Stalin va granafa klibura va daginik gorayana gan Garanin NKVD okilik dene ''Sevostlag'' grustaks gu capraca is dandiskaca duvur.

* '''04/03/1938''' : nope gorara ke Pirdot dem ramisavikeem ke sane ke TSSS, levbenplekura va ''Dalstroy'' grustaks gu NKVD gaderopaf ardial zo arburer.

* '''12&lt;sup&gt;-aksat&lt;/sup&gt; ke 1938''' : [[Ossip Mandelstam]] rossiaf ezlopik, lanzayan gu pemaxofa alubda, poke Vladivostok van Kolima awalker.

* '''1938-1939''' : bak fentugal, sedme merokevpatana gunestera ke savsaf daginik, lo 40 000 korik awalkeyed ; xesta gan trenafa warzafa kametca zo ikaplekuyud ; daginikafa ota batkane tiyir 90 700 bak 1&lt;sup&gt;-aksat&lt;/sup&gt; ke 1938 az 138 200 arti tanoya tanda.

* '''11/10/1939''' : nope kaikfira va awalkereka ke daginikeem is skuransa va talpeyaks va divkawodara va moava  is aryon kawot, Pavlov is Garanin zo divpaklayad. Garanin gu xonuka nope toidera di zo lanzayar nume zo zeltayar. Artlapira va Magadan ke Yevgenya Ginzburg suterotik tiskitis va 18&lt;sup&gt;-da&lt;/sup&gt; koe pemaxo.

* '''1939-1940''' : 7600 ik 10000 polskaf wideyik koe Kolima tigiyid. Gu savsaf sovietaf daginik zo solstayad aze ko sumefa taltefa kawoda ke ''Dalstroy'' zo stakseyed lize kobas gropeem tiyir olgapaf is iyelakiraf. Divkawodara va moava vas 62 decitor bak 1939 ; mialukafa divkawodara gu 45 decitor bak yona direfa tanda zo uldiner.

* '''10/03/1941''' : tawavo ke ''Dalstroy'' gu 2 266 000 km² (&amp;nbsp;10 % ke welmacka ke TSSS banugale&amp;nbsp;) zo tugijayar, isen daginikafa ota va 190 000 artfiyir.

* '''1942-1944''' : nope zvak ke remburera is dik ayaf rob is stara kev redjel va ki ke daginikeem, ota va 84 700 bak 1&lt;sup&gt;-aksat&lt;/sup&gt; ke 1944 titfiyir. Kobarugal kaiki 12 vieleaf bartiv zo dakiyir numen daginikafa awalkereka leve fikafa vertuma mebetayana nekev malfira ke Pavlov laumayar.

* '''10&lt;sup&gt;-aksat&lt;/sup&gt; ke 1945''' : pemaxo ta niponaf gejastolenik koe Magadan zo fenkuyur ise gu ''Dalstroy'' zo kavaniksantuyur. Ba tunuyara bak 9&lt;sup&gt;-aksat&lt;/sup&gt; ke 1949, 3479 daginik wan tigiyid.

* '''28/02/1948''' : aptafo n°5 pemaxo levgano gu lodolgafa vertuma zo reduyur.

* '''20/09/1949''' : ta lokiewafa grustara is tuzegodara va kobara ke daginikeem, elda ta Koef Arienteem ke TSSS va Ristula va pemaxoeem ke ''Dalstroy'' redur.

* '''1949-1952''' : laumara ke daginikafa ota mal 108 700 ba 01/01/1949 kal lewe 200 000 ba 01/01/1952 va bata warzafa grustara vadjer. To daginikafe cuge remi kota izva ke Dalstroy is Kolima tiyiyr. Bliragropeem is kobaragropeem kapbure rekola ke geja me al betawed.

* '''5&lt;sup&gt;-aksat&lt;/sup&gt; ke 1952''' : tena ke warzafa grustara va pemaxoeem ke Kolima, tenuyuna bak 1949. Sevostlag al zo sulayar numen ''Dalstroy'' banvielu tir idajaf ristula va ''Gulag'' pemaxoeem.

* '''18/03/1953''' : radimi awalkera ke Stalin, koinkera va warzaf gadesikeem va doevafo pako is soka. Nope kexi ke Eldaf Pirdot ke TSSS, ''Dalstroy'' grustaks gu elda ta malyerot ke TSSS zo vaniksantuyur.

* '''9&lt;sup&gt;-aksat&lt;/sup&gt; ke 1953''' : toza ke granafa tunuyara va daginik, is ke adre parmafa budera va pemaxoeem ke Kolima.

== Neva va Kolima ==
* '''[[Varlam Calamov]]''', ''Колымские рассказы'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Yona nega ke Kolima&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt; ; franc- siatos : ''Récits de la Kolyma'', Paris 1980-2003, Ed. Verdier,  1515 p. ISBN 978-2-86432-352-5
* '''[[Aleksandr Soljenitsin]]''', ''Архипелаг ГУЛаг'', &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Gulag tursia&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt; ; franc- siatos : ''L'Archipel du Goulag'', Paris 1974, Ed. Seuil, ISBN 	978-2020021180
* '''Yevgenya Ginzburg''', ''Le Ciel de la Kolyma'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Kelt ke Kolima&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt;, Paris 1979, Ed. Seuil, Points
* '''Anatol Krakowiecki''', ''Kolyma : le bagne de l'or'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Kolima : xalta ke moava&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt;
* '''Robert Conquest''', ''The Great Terror: Stalin's Purge of the Thirties'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Eaftugalap : Stalin karlera bak 1930&lt;sup&gt;-e&lt;/sup&gt; sanda&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt;, London 1968, Ed. Oxford University Press, 584 p. ISBN 978-0195055801
* Dofa neva, ''Le Livre noir du communisme. Crimes, terreur, répression'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Ebeltafa neva ke doeva. Gomil is eaftura is rujara&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt;, Paris 1997, Ed. Robert Laffont, 846 p. ISBN 2-221-08-204-4 
* '''Anne Applebaum''', ''Gulag : A History of the Soviet Camps'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Gulag : Izvopa va Sovietaf pemaxoeem&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt;, 2003, Ed. Allen Lane, 624 p. ISBN 978-0713993226 
* '''Anne Applebaum''', ''Gulag Voices : An Anthology'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Yona puda ke Gulag : Larma&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt;, 2011, Ed. Yale University Press, 192 p. ISBN 978-0300153200
* '''Jacques Rossi''', ''Le Manuel du goulag'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Kost ke Gulag&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt;, Paris 1997, Ed. Le Cherche-Midi
* '''Nicolas Werth''', ''La Route de la Kolyma, Voyage sur les traces du Goulag'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Kelda van Kolima, Koyara conyuton ico Gulag&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt; , Paris 2012, 194 p. ISBN 978-2701164168
* '''Tomasz Kizny''', ''Goulag, recueil de photos'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Gulag, larma dem afigasuteks&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt;, Paris 2003, ISBN 2-7357-0241-3
* '''Stanyslaw Kowalski''', ''Kolyma, the land of gold and death'' &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;Kolima, patecta ke moava is awalk&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt;

[[Loma:Rossia|Kolima]]
[[Loma:Sovietafa Tanara|Kolima]]
[[Loma:Stalinugal|Kolima]]
[[Loma:Stolexo|Kolima]]
[[de:Kolyma]]</text>
      <sha1>fl2sghpom8lf61959zghhyl9shuwnzs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Samoa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13704</id>
    <revision>
      <id>158706</id>
      <parentid>129758</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-21T11:56:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>85</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Replacing Coat_of_arms_of_Samoa.svg with [[File:Public_Seal_of_Samoa.svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · Not a coat of arms, and one of many seals, so &quot;</comment>
      <origin>158706</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1091" sha1="7gpfzsuvb07r0t0de4zkxdk1pgp60bs" xml:space="preserve">{{RemgudaksPatecta|Bat teliz}}
{{Patecta
|Yolt       = Samoa
|tiyarak = Samoa.wav
|Winugayolt = Malo Sa'oloto o Samoa (SM)&lt;br&gt;State of Samoa (EN)
|Nilt       = Flag of Samoa.svg
|Zawa       = Public Seal of Samoa.svg
|Liwot      = Samoa_on_the_globe_(Polynesia_centered).svg
|Kelu       = [[Apia]]
|Aveem      = [[Samoava]], [[Englava]]
|Vertuma    = Tadlemwafi gazaroti
|Welmot      = 2944
|Sanelia    = 203 774 {{small|(2020) &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ws.html « Samoa — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency »] &lt;small&gt;(&amp;nbsp;beliyina ba 7/11/2020&amp;nbsp;)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|For        = 69 {{small|ir-/km²}}
|Tal        = Tala
}}
[[Iyeltak:Samoa_Islands_2002.PNG|thumb|right|260px|{{EwavaPebuda1|Jadif liwot va Samoa}}]]
'''Samoa''' tir tursiafa patecta ke taltefa [[Oceania]], ke [[Polinesia]] gola, dem [[Apia]] kelu koe Upolu ewala.

== Ristusa grustara ==
:→ Upolu ewala
:→ Savai'i ewala
:→ Manono ewala
:→ Apolima ewala
:→ Amerikafa Samoa

== Vuestexa ==
{{Vuestexeem}}
{{Oceania}}

[[Loma:Oceania]]
[[Loma:Samoa|*]]</text>
      <sha1>7gpfzsuvb07r0t0de4zkxdk1pgp60bs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Braniol (Mustela erminea hibernica)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16618</id>
    <revision>
      <id>158710</id>
      <parentid>134672</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-23T07:51:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mateus2019</username>
        <id>6003</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[File:Mustela erminea hibernica.jpg]] → [[File:Mustela erminea 2 (cropped).jpg]] [[c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · Flickr tag states &quot;Norfolk&quot; which is in England, where hibernica is not found</comment>
      <origin>158710</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2347" sha1="1e759gz0xv1gswa3c877bscr7os3oqi" xml:space="preserve">{{Sulemiyelt_Apta2
|sulem = Braniol
|blira = blisa katca / sulem
|tiyarak = braniol.wav
|ewava = Mustela erminea 2 (cropped).jpg
|bliind = [[Animalia|Animalia]]
|dansok = [[Chordata|Chordata]]
|volveydansok = [[Vertebrata|Vertebrata]]
|pula = [[Mammalia|Mammalia]]
|volveypula = [[Theria|Theria]]
|tolvolveypula = [[Eutheria|Eutheria]]
|veem = [[Cottoradunol (Carnivora)|Carnivora]]
|yasa = [[Merikol (Mustelidae)|Mustelidae]]
|volveyyasa = Mustelinae
|oxi = [[Cigavol (Mustela)|Mustela]]
|katca = [[Braniol (Mustela erminea)|Mustela erminea]]
|katcapimtara = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
|apta = [[Braniol (Mustela erminea hibernica)|Mustela erminea hibernica]]
|aptapimtara = Thomas and Barrett-Hamilton, 1895
}}
'''Braniol (Mustela erminea hibernica)''' tir tana moukolafa apta ke ''erminea'' katca vey ''Mustela'' oxi vey ''Mustelidae'' yasa (&amp;nbsp;''Mustelinae'' volveyyasa&amp;nbsp;) ke ''CARNIVORA'' veem (&amp;nbsp;''CANIFORMIA'' volveyveem&amp;nbsp;). Gan Thomas and Barrett-Hamilton bak 1895 taneon zo pimtayar.

== Vexala dem milkatcaf apteem ==
Sedme '''''Mammal Species of the World''''' (siatos ke 2005), konakara apta dere tid ke mila veyafa katca :
{{Braniol (apteem)}}

== Pulasa vuestexa is xantaza ==
&lt;small&gt;
* (en) vuest- : Mammal Species of the World (v- 3, 2005) : ''Mustela erminea hibernica'' (Thomas and Barrett-Hamilton, 1895)
* (en) vuest- : CITES : ''Mustela erminea hibernica''
* (en) vuest- : UICN : apta ''Mustela erminea hibernica'' (Thomas and Barrett-Hamilton, 1895)
* (en, fr) vuest- : ITIS : ''Mustela erminea hibernica'' (Thomas and Barrett-Hamilton, 1895)
* (en) vuest- : Tree of Life Web Project : ''Mustela erminea hibernica''
* (en) vuest- : Catalogue of Life : ''Mustela erminea hibernica'' (Thomas and Barrett-Hamilton, 1895)
* (en) vuest- : Paleobiology Database : ''Mustela erminea hibernica'' (Thomas and Barrett-Hamilton, 1895)
* (en) vuest- : Animal Diversity Web : ''Mustela erminea hibernica''
* (en) vuest- : NCBI : ''Mustela erminea hibernica''
&lt;/small&gt;

== Kotavafa vuestesa xantaza ==
* [http://www.kotava.org/fr/Moukolaf_ravlemak_v1.pdf Kotava winugaf moukolaf ravlemak] (Kotava, Latinava, 2019)

{{CarnivoraVeemeem}}  {{MustelaOxieem}}
[[Loma:Carnivora|Braniol (Mustela erminea hibernica)]]
[[Loma:Mustelidae|Braniol (Mustela erminea hibernica)]]
[[Loma:Mustela|Braniol (Mustela erminea hibernica)]]</text>
      <sha1>1e759gz0xv1gswa3c877bscr7os3oqi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Philippe III (gazik ke Franca)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20012</id>
    <revision>
      <id>158705</id>
      <parentid>78459</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-21T08:51:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>85</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Replacing Miniature_Philippe_III_Courronement.jpg with [[File:Couronnement_de_Philippe_III.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · Obvious spelling mistake)</comment>
      <origin>158705</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1949" sha1="o6a7m5004orvtulrhe3uuq9lemt5jjy" xml:space="preserve">{{Teliz_toza}}
'''Philippe III''' ke Capet prostelay tiyir gazik ke [[Franca]] wali 1270 is 1285. Bak 01/05/1245 koe [[Poissy]] koe [[Franca]] kobliyir aze ba 05/10/1285 koe [[Perpignan]] awalkeyer.

Direik ke Philippe III di tiyir [[Philippe IV (gazik ke Franca)|Philippe IV]] nazbeikye.

== Nazbeikeem ==
{{NazbeikVexala (emacek)|ocye|Louis de France|1264|1276|}}
{{NazbeikVexala (emacek)|ocye|[[Philippe IV (gazik ke Franca)|Philippe IV]]|1268|1314|Gazik ke Franca}}
{{NazbeikVexala (emacek)|ocye|Robert de France|1269|1276|}}
{{NazbeikVexala (emacek)|ocye|Charles de France|1270|1325|Valois biptik}}
{{NazbeikVexala (emacek)|ocya|Marguerite de France|1275|1318|Kurenik ke gazikye ke Engla}}
{{NazbeikVexala (emacek)|ocye|Louis de France|1276|1319|Évreux biptik}}
{{NazbeikVexala (emacek)|ocya|Blanche de France|1282|1306|Kurenik ke dacikye ke Ostera}}

{{Clr}}
== Ewavak ==
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;140&quot; caption=&quot;Philippe III&quot;&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Vuestexa ==
{{Vuestexeem}}
{{Teliz_toleaf briz}}
{{Nafalik
| yolt = Philippe III
| ewava = Couronnement de Philippe III.jpg
| pebuda = Ewava va sonara va Philippe III
| zawa = Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_(France_Ancien).svg
| nafalikinda = [[:Category:Gazik ke Franca|Gazik ke Franca]]
| semek = Gazik ke Franca
| soka = [[Franca]]
| nafalugal = 1270 – 1285
| dareik = [[Louis IX (gazik ke Franca)|Louis IX]] 
| direik = [[Philippe IV (gazik ke Franca)|Philippe IV]]
| prostelay = Capet, {{small|gamacka}}
| koblira = 01/05/1245 
| awalkera = 05/10/1285
| gadikye = [[Louis IX (gazik ke Franca)|Louis IX]] 
| gadikya = Marguerite de Provence
| yerumanik = Isabel de Aragón&lt;br&gt;Marie de Brabant
| nazbeik = [[Philippe IV (gazik ke Franca)|Philippe IV]]&lt;br&gt;Charles de Valois&lt;br&gt;Louis d'Évreux&lt;br&gt;Marguerite de France&lt;br&gt;Blanche de France
}}
{{Teliz_tena}}
{{FrancaNafalikeem}}
[[Loma:Franca|Philippe III]]
[[Loma:Gazik ke Franca|Philippe III]]
{{#invoke:Interwiki|interwiki|qid=Q172203}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Widava ke Uruguaya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20705</id>
    <revision>
      <id>158703</id>
      <parentid>80216</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-21T02:02:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>85</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removing [[:c:File:Treinta_y_tres.jpg|Treinta_y_tres.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Krd|Krd]] because: No license since 29 June 2026.</comment>
      <origin>158703</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15158" sha1="gulhka4fmjgs76ug6zgsrq7f3ayxoqy" xml:space="preserve">== Widava ke [[Uruguaya]]==
[[Iyeltak: Uruguay_Population_Density,_2000_(6172451332).jpg|thumb|300px|right|Liwot va Uruguaya]]

&lt;center&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right&quot;

|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;5%&quot; | Ema
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;20%&quot; | Widava
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;10%&quot; | Sanelia&lt;br&gt;{{small|(1975)}}
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;10%&quot; | Sanelia&lt;br&gt;{{small|(1985)}}
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;10%&quot; | Sanelia&lt;br&gt;{{small|(1996)}}
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;10%&quot; | Sanelia&lt;br&gt;{{small|(2004)}}
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;10%&quot; | Sanelia&lt;br&gt;{{small|(2011)}}
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;20%&quot; | Gola
! scope=&quot;col&quot; width=&quot;20%&quot; | Ewava

|- 
| 1 
| align=left | '''[[Montevideo]]'''
| align=right | {{formatnum:1173254}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:1251647}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:1303182}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:1269648}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:1318755}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaMontevideoGola|Montevideo]]
| align=center | [[File: Palacio_Salvo-02.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 2 
| align=left | [[Ciudad de la Costa]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:19578}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:34483}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:66596}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:83399}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:112449}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | [[File: Puente_de_las_Américas_IMG_6656.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 3 
| align=left | [[Salto (Uruguaya)|Salto]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:71881}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:80823}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:93117}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:99072}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:104011}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaSaltoGola|Salto]]
| align=center | [[File: PLAZA_TREINTA_Y_TRES.JPG|200px]]

|-
| 4 
| align=left | [[Paysandú]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:62412}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:76191}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:74568}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:73272}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:76412}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaPaysandúGola|Paysandú]]
| align=center | [[File: Iglesia_Paysandu.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 5 
| align=left | [[Las Piedras (Uruguaya)|Las Piedras]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:53983}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:58288}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:66584}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:69222}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:71258}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | [[File: LasPiedras_central_avenue.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 6 
| align=left | [[Rivera]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:49013}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:57316}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:62859}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:64426}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:64465}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaRiveraGola|Rivera]]
| align=center | [[File: RiveraCerroMarconi.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 7 
| align=left | [[Maldonado]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:22159}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:33536}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:48936}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:54603}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:62590}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaMaldonadoGola|Maldonado]]
| align=center | [[File: Vista_de_Punta_Del_Este,_desde_el_Faro_de_Punta_del_Este.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 8 
| align=left | [[Tacuarembó]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:34152}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:40413}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:45891}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:51224}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:54755}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaTacuarembóGola|Tacuarembó]]
| align=center | [[File: Tacuarembó_Intendencia_e_iglesia_02.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 9 
| align=left | [[Melo]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:38260}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:42615}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:46883}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:50578}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:51830}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCerroLargoGola|Cerro Largo]]
| align=center | [[File: Catedral_de_la_ciudad_de_Melo..jpg|200px]]

|-
| 10 
| align=left | [[Mercedes (Uruguaya)|Mercedes]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:34667}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:36702}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:39320}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:42032}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:41974}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaSorianoGola|Soriano]]
| align=center | [[File: Plaza Independencia. Mercedes.JPG|200px]]

|-
| 11 
| align=left | [[Artigas]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:29256}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:35119}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:40244}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:41687}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:40657}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaArtigasGola|Artigas]]
| align=center | [[File: Iglesiaart.JPG|200px]]

|-
| 12 
| align=left | [[Minas (Uruguaya)|Minas]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:35433}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:34661}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:37146}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:37925}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:38446}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaLavallejaGola|Lavalleja]]
| align=center | [[File: Cattedrale di Minas.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 13 
| align=left | [[San José de Mayo]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:28427}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:31827}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:34552}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:36339}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:36743}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaSanJoséGola|San José]]
| align=center | [[File: Catedral_San_José_de_Mayo.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 14 
| align=left | [[Durazno]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:25811}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:27835}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:30607}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:33576}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:34368}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaDuraznoGola|Durazno]]
| align=center | [[File: Iglesia de San Pedro (Durazno, Uruguay).png|200px]]

|-
| 15 
| align=left | [[Florida (Uruguaya)|Florida]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:25030}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:28445}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:31594}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:32128}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:33639}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaFloridaGola|Florida]]
| align=center | [[File: FloridachurchUY.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 16 
| align=left | [[Treinta y Tres]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:25757}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:28117}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:26390}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:25711}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:25477}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaTreintaTresGola|Treinta y Tres]]
| align=center | 

|-
| 17 
| align=left | [[Rocha (Uruguaya)|Rocha]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:21672}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:24015}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:26017}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:25538}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:25422}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaRochaGola|Rocha]]
| align=center | [[File: Artigas_(Plaza_Rocha).JPG|200px]]

|-
| 18 
| align=left | [[San Carlos (Uruguaya)|San Carlos]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:16883}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:19878}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:24030}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:24771}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:27471}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaMaldonadoGola|Maldonado]]
| align=center | [[File: Plaza_Artigas,_San_Carlos,_Uruguay.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 19 
| align=left | [[Pando (Uruguaya)|Pando]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:16184}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:19797}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:23384}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:24004}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:25947}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | [[File: Plaza_de_Pando.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 20 
| align=left | [[Fray Bentos]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:19569}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:20135}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:21959}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:23122}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:24406}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaRíoNegroGola|Río Negro]]
| align=center | [[File: Quiosco_Glorieta.JPG|200px]]

|-
| 21 
| align=left | [[Colonia del Sacramento]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:16895}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:19101}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:22200}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:21714}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:26231}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaColoniaGola|Colonia]]
| align=center | [[File: Municipalidad_de_Colonia.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 22 
| align=left | [[Trinidad (Uruguaya)|Trinidad]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:17598}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:18372}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:20031}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:20982}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:21429}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaFloresGola|Flores]]
| align=center | [[File: Pzaconstitucion.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 23 
| align=left | [[La Paz (Uruguaya)|La Paz]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:14654}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:16209}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:19547}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:19832}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:20524}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | [[File: ParroquiaLAPAZ-UY.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 24 
| align=left | [[Canelones]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:15938}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:17325}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:19388}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:19631}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:19865}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | [[File: Catedral_de_Nuestra_Señora_de_Guadalupe._Ubicada_en_el_departamento_de_Canelones._Vista_global.JPG|200px]]

|-
| 25 
| align=left | [[Ciudad del Plata]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:8831}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:9618}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:14120}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:17457}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:31146}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaSanJoséGola|San José]]
| align=center | [[File: Sj_17424.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 26 
| align=left | [[El Pinar (Uruguaya)|El Pinar]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:1874}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:3479}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:10383}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:17221}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:21091}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | [[File: Hormigon_del_pinar.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 27 
| align=left | [[Carmelo (Uruguaya)|Carmelo]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:13631}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:14127}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:16658}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:16866}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:18041}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaColoniaGola|Colonia]]
| align=center | [[File: EL_PRÓCER_03.JPG|200px]]

|-
| 28 
| align=left | [[Santa Lucía (Uruguaya)|Santa Lucía]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:14101}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:14951}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:16764}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:16425}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:16742}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | [[File: Plaza_Tomas_Berreta.JPG|200px]]

|-
| 29 
| align=left | [[Lomas de Solymar]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:1266}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:3974}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:10843}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:16018}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:19124}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | [[File: Ciudad de la Costa LdSolymar.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 30 
| align=left | [[Solymar]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:3527}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:6607}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:13942}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:15908}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:18573}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | [[File: Ciudad_de_la_Costa_Solymar.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 31 
| align=left | [[Progreso (Uruguaya)|Progreso]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:8257}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:11244}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:14471}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:15775}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:16244}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | [[File: Circuito_Omar_Cholo_Rivero.png|200px]]

|-
| 32 
| align=left | [[Young (Uruguaya)|Young]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:11080}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12249}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:14567}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:15759}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:16756}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaRíoNegroGola|Río Negro]]
| align=center | [[File: Young_(Estación_de_AFE).jpg|200px]]

|-
| 33 
| align=left | [[Dolores (Uruguaya)|Dolores]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:12771}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12914}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:14784}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:15753}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:17174}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaSorianoGola|Soriano]]
| align=center | [[File: Catedral_Ntra._Sra_de_los_Dolores_Soriano2.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 34 
| align=left | [[Fraccionamiento Camino Maldonado]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:8346}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:10082}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:13349}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:15057}}
| align=right | - 
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center | 

|-
| 35 
| align=left | [[Paso de Carrasco]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:8592}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:10278}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12174}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:15028}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:15908}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center |

|-
| 36 
| align=left | [[Barros Blancos]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:8311}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:10585}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:13464}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:13553}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:31650}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCanelonesGola|Canelones]]
| align=center |

|-
| 37 
| align=left | [[Río Branco]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:5697}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:9035}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12215}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:13456}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:14604}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaCerroLargoGola|Cerro Largo]]
| align=center | [[File: Río_Branco.JPG|200px]]

|-
| 38 
| align=left | [[Paso de los Toros]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:13178}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12826}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:13315}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:13231}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12985}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaTacuarembóGola|Tacuarembó]]
| align=center | [[File: Iglesia_Santa_Isabel.JPG|200px]]

|-
| 39 
| align=left | [[Juan Lacaze]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:11133}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12574}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12988}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:13196}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12816}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaColoniaGola|Colonia]]
| align=center | [[File: Puerto Sauce (2).jpg|200px]]

|-
| 40 
| align=left | [[Bella Unión]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:7778}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12238}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:13537}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:13187}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:12200}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaArtigasGola|Artigas]]
| align=center | [[File: Vista_aérea_de_Bella_Unión.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 41 
| align=left | [[Chuy]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:4472}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:8257}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:9804}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:10401}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:9675}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaRochaGola|Rocha]]
| align=center | [[File: Chuy_Uruguay.jpg|200px]]

|-
| 42 
| align=left | [[Nueva Helvecia]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:8598}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:8768}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:9650}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:10002}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:10630}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaColoniaGola|Colonia]]
| align=center | [[File: Plaza_de_los_fundadores_de_la_Colonia_Suiza.JPG|200px]]

|-
| 43 
| align=left | [[Punta del Este]]
| align=right | {{formatnum:7197}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:6731}}
| align=right | {{formatnum: 8294}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:7298}}
| align=right | {{formatnum:9277}}
| align=left | [[UruguayaMaldonadoGola|Maldonado]] 
| align=center | [[File: DSC08422.JPG|200px]]
|}

&lt;/center&gt;
[[Loma:Uruguaya|Widava ke Uruguaya]]
[[Loma:Wafra dem widava|Uruguaya]]
{{#invoke:Interwiki|interwiki|qid=Q748229}}</text>
      <sha1>gulhka4fmjgs76ug6zgsrq7f3ayxoqy</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Main page</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39713</id>
    <redirect title="Xadola" />
    <revision>
      <id>158709</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-23T05:29:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>PK2</username>
        <id>254</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Graskara va [[Xadola]]</comment>
      <origin>158709</origin>
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      <text bytes="20" sha1="76vkv5fftp8r1odjgs96qa2p9rm2ail" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Xadola]]</text>
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</mediawiki>