Pogu ni Alaman

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      <text bytes="4471" sha1="leylrcq1pohhpp40str30m1tty108hz" xml:space="preserve">__noeditsection__ __NOTOC__        
 
&lt;!------------SADARION------------&gt;
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&lt;!-- ============== GURITAN NA TARPILLIT ================ --&gt;
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&lt;!-- ================== GOMBAR NA TARPILLIT =============== --&gt;
{{Pogu ni alaman/Box3
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|title   = Gombar na tarpillit
|image   = PL Wiki InM ikona.svg
|content = [[Ugasan:Pahalgam Valley.jpg|350px]] &lt;br&gt;Panatapan ni [[Rura Pahalgam]] di [[India]].&lt;br&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Gombar on dienet sian [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lago_Titicaca_La_Paz.jpg Wikimedia Commons]&lt;/small&gt; 
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&lt;!-- ============== TINGTING ================ --&gt;
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&lt;!-- ============== BAHEN GURITAN NA IMBARU ================ --&gt;
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&lt;!-- ============== AHA DO WIKIPEDIA I ================ --&gt;
{{Pogu ni alaman/Box3
| image   = {{{img1|Wikipedia logo puzzle globe spins horizontally and vertically, revealing the contents of all of its puzzle pieces, without background.gif}}}
| class   = nomobile
| title   = Aha do Wikipedia i?
| content = 
Boi ma dohonon, Wikipedia i songon sada “halinu ni pustaha” manang “pustaha halinu” na pinadomudomu ni hatopan ni panggurit sian saluhut portibi on, jala ise pe boi do manongos guritan tu “pustaha halinu” saguru ragam hata ni hatopan i.&lt;br&gt;

Molo adong hita na taronjar rohana naeng manongos guritan na imbaru tu “pustaha halinu”, nauli jala na denggan ma i, une jala pintor boi do ulahononhon.&lt;br&gt;

Alai itaparrohahon ma ruhut-ruhut dohot uhum ni “pustaha halinu” na sian pamotoan (''lisensi'') ni hatopan na margoar ''Creative Commons BY-SA''.&lt;br&gt;

Guritan manang tongosan di “pustaha halinu” on, boi dipatingkos manang dipargunahon, alai asa marpanghorhon na denggan, sian pamotoan ni ''Creative Commons BY-SA'' ma.&lt;br&gt;

Porlu hita boto, ia nasa guritan manang tongosan di “pustaha halinu” dihobasi angka dongan panggurit di bagasan haradeon ni roha sambing, jala tongtong do nasida mangula sada partungkoan.&lt;br&gt;

Ingkon barita na toho do isi ni guritan nang tongosan i, boi hatindanghonon marhite pustaha, jala mangihuthon ruhut-ruhut ni sigurit pustaha.&lt;br&gt; 

Adong do alaman panungkunan na boi mangurupi dongan na naeng manongos guritan na imbaru tu “pustaha halinu” on.&lt;br&gt;

Unang hita maila masisungkunan manang mangido pangurupion, tarlumobi tu dongan na naeng manggurit dope. Laos boi do tapargunahon alaman on molo naeng manongos guritan na imbaru.
}}

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__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__
[[Horong:Pogu ni alaman]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Hary Gunarto</title>
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      <text bytes="641" sha1="tlw8fele1cv2wrnsns4oxpgb6cxrzq4" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Hary Gunarto1.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Hary Gunarto, 2016]]
'''Hary Gunarto'''&lt;ref&gt;[https://researcher.apu.ac.jp/apuhp/KgApp?resId=S001420&amp;Language=2 Dosen APU] &lt;/ref&gt; ima sahalak dosen dohot profesor di Unipersitas Ritsumeikan Asia Pasipik, [[Japang]] na asalna sian [[Indonesia]] jala kuliah di [[Amerika Serikat]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717130645/https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=200901038934712990 Japan Gov. Database]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.amazon.es/Collected-Computer-Programming-Problems-Visual/dp/981214174X Visual C#.Net di Amazon.] &lt;/ref&gt;

== Pustaha ==
{{Reflist}}


[[Horong:Ilmuwan Indonesia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ</title>
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      <text bytes="21918" sha1="80cfwiopmbenqtksv1l9ymgn3ll2bjx" xml:space="preserve">{{multiscript|Indonesia|ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ}}

{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Republik Indonesia
| common_name            = Indonesia
| image_flag             = Flag of Indonesia.svg
| image_coat             = National emblem of Indonesia Garuda Pancasila.svg
| coa_size               = 79px
| symbol_type            = Partanda negara
| national_motto         = &quot;[[Bhinneka Tunggal Ika]]&quot; {{small|([[Bahasa Jawa Kuno|Jawa Kuno]])}} &lt;br&gt; (&quot;Berbeda-beda tetapi satu jua&quot;) 
| other_symbol           = {{IAST|[[Pancasila]]}} ([[Bahasa Sanskerta|Sanskerta]])
| other_symbol_type      = Ideologi nasional:
| national_anthem        = &lt;br /&gt;[[Indonesia Raya]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;&quot;&gt;[[File:Indonesia Raya instrumental.ogg]]&lt;/div&gt;
| image_map              = {{Switcher|[[Ugasan:Indonesia (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Tampilkan globe|[[Ugasan:Location Indonesia ASEAN.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Tampilkan peta ASEAN|[[Ugasan:Peta_provinsi_Indonesia.png|frameless]]|Tampilkan peta pembagian administratif}}
| map_caption            = 
| map_width              = 230px
| image_map2             = Indonesia - Location Map (2013) - IDN - UNOCHA-id.svg
| capital                = [[Jakarta]]
| coordinates            =  
{{coord|6|11|S|106|50|E|type:city}}
| largest_city           = [[Jakarta]]
| official_languages     = [[Hata Indonesia|Indonesia]]
| recognized_regional_languages = Lobi sian [[Parhataan di Indonesia|700 hata]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ethnologue&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/ID/languages|title=Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Twenty-first edition|last1=Simons|first1=Gary F.|last2=Fennig|first2=Charles D.|publisher=[[SIL International]]|language=en|access-date=20 September 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| ethnic_groups    = {{tree list}}
* 40,22% [[Halak Jawa|Jawa]]
* 15,50% [[Halak Sunda|Sunda]]
* 3,58% [[Halak Batak|Batak]]
* 3,03% [[Halak Madura|Madura]]
* 2,88% [[Halak Betawi|Betawi]]
* 2,73% [[Halak Minangkabau|Minangkabau]]
* 2,69% [[Halak Bugis|Bugis]]
* 2,27% [[Halak Melayu|Melayu]]
* 27,10% [[Halak di Indonesia|Halak na Asing]]
{{tree list/end}}
| ethnic_groups_ref =&lt;ref name=&quot;SUKU&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://demografi.bps.go.id/phpfiletree/bahan/kumpulan_tugas_mobilitas_pak_chotib/Kelompok_1/Referensi/BPS_kewarganegaraan_sukubangsa_agama_bahasa_2010.pdf|title=Kewarganegaraan Suku Bangsa, Agama, Bahasa 2010|website=demografi.bps.go.id|publisher=[[Badan Pusat Statistik]]|year=2010|format=PDF|accessdate=9 Februari 2025|pages=31, 36-41|archive-date=2017-07-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712140438/http://demografi.bps.go.id/phpfiletree/bahan/kumpulan_tugas_mobilitas_pak_chotib/Kelompok_1/Referensi/BPS_kewarganegaraan_sukubangsa_agama_bahasa_2010.pdf|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| religion_year          = [[2023]]
| religion               = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|87,06% [[Silom di Indonesia|Silom]]
|{{Tree list}}
* 10,47% [[Kristen di Indonesia|Kristen]]
** 7,4% [[Huria Protestan di Indonesia|Protestan]]
** 3,1% [[Huria Katolik di Indonesia|Katolik]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|1,69% [[Hindu di Indonesia|Hindu]]|0,7% [[Buddha di Indonesia|Buddha]]|0,03% [[Kong Hu Chu di Indonesia|Kong Hu Chu]]|0,04% [[Aliran Kepercayaan]] &lt;br/&gt; dohot [[Ugamo di Indonesia|na Asing]]}}
| religion_ref           = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url= https://e-database.kemendagri.go.id/dataset/1203/tabel-data?page=23| title= Agama di Indonesia| access-date= 21 Juni 2024| archive-date= 21 Juni 2024| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240621091542/https://e-database.kemendagri.go.id/dataset/1203/tabel-data?page=23| url-status= live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym                = 
| government_type        = [[Negara kesatuan|Kesatuan]] [[Sistem Presidensial|Presidensial]] [[Republik]] [[Konstitusional]]
| leader_title1          = [[Presiden ni Indonesia|Presiden]]
| leader_name1           = [[Prabowo Subianto]]
| leader_title2          = [[Uakil Presiden ni Indonesia|Wakil Presiden]]
| leader_name2           = [[Gibran Rakabuming Raka]]
| legislature            = [[Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Republik Indonesia|Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat]] (MPR)
| upper_house            = [[Dewan Perwakilan Daerah Republik Indonesia|Dewan Perwakilan Daerah]] (DPD)
| lower_house            = [[Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia|Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat]] (DPR)
| sovereignty_type = Haulaon
| sovereignty_note = &lt;!--dari [[Imperium kolonial Belanda|Belanda]]--&gt;&lt;!-- Berdasarkan konsensus, tolong diskusikan di Halaman Pembicaraan sebelum mengubah Belanda ke Jepang, atau menambahkan keduanya --&gt;
| established_event1 = [[Proklamasi Haluaon Indonesia|Diproklamasihon]] (panjongjongan sian taon)
| established_date1 = 17 Agustus 1945
| established_event2 = [[Konperensi Meja Bundar|Ditanda]] (songon [[Republik Indonesia Serikat|RIS]])
| established_date2 = 27 Desember 1949
| area_km2               = 1904569
| area_footnote          = &lt;ref name=&quot;area&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2004/Table03.pdf|title=UN Statistics|publisher=[[Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]|language=en|date=2005|access-date=31 Oktober 2007|dead-url=no|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031023924/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2004/Table03.pdf|archive-date=31 Oktober 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_rank                = ke-14
| percent_water            = 4,85 
| population_estimate = {{increaseNeutral}} 284,973,643&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 |title=Sistem Informasi Geografis Kependudukan
|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/
 |via=Direktorat Jenderal Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil
 |publisher=Kementerian Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia
 |access-date=23 Maret 2025
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census = 270,203,917&lt;ref name=&quot;2020census&quot; /&gt;
| population_census        = 270.203.917&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://sensus.bps.go.id/topik/tabular/sp2020/83/175748/0|language=id|title=Jumlah Penduduk Hasil SP menurut Wilayah dan Jenis Kelamin, Indonesia 2020|publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik|access-date=31 Mei 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2024
| population_census_year = 2020
| population_census_rank   = ke-4
| population_density_km2   = 143
| population_density_rank  = ke-60
| GDP_PPP                  = {{increase}} $5,009 triliun&lt;ref name=&quot;IMF&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april/weo-report?c=536,&amp;s=NGDP_RPCH,NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&amp;sy=2024&amp;ey=2030&amp;ssm=0&amp;scsm=1&amp;scc=0&amp;ssd=1&amp;ssc=0&amp;sic=0&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |access-date=23 April 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year             = 2025 estimasi
| GDP_PPP_rank             = ke-8
| GDP_PPP_per_capita       = {{increase}} $17,612&lt;ref name=&quot;IMF&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank  = ke-102
| GDP_nominal              = {{increase}} $1,429 triliun&lt;ref name=&quot;IMF&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year         = 2025 estimasi
| GDP_nominal_rank         = ke-16
| GDP_nominal_per_capita   = {{increase}} $5,027&lt;ref name=&quot;IMF&quot; /&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = ke-118
| Gini                     = 37.9
| Gini_year                = 2021
| Gini_change              = steady&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref                 = &lt;ref name=&quot;GINI Indonesia&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) - Indonesia|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=ID|publisher=[[Bank Dunia]]|language=en|date=2021|access-date=4 Mei 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gini_rank                =
| HDI                      = 0.713
| HDI_year                 = 2022
| HDI_change               = increase&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI_ref                  = &lt;ref name=&quot;2023-2024 components&quot;&gt;{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2023-2024: Breaking the gridlock: Reimagining cooperation in a polarized world|date=13 Maret 2024|publisher=[[Program Pembangunan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]|language=en|page=274-277|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf|access-date=13 Maret 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank                 = ke-112
| currency                 = [[Rupiah]] (Rp)
| currency_code            = IDR
| time_zone                = [[Waktu di Indonesia|beragam]]
| utc_offset               = [[UTC+7|+7]] sampai [[UTC+9|+9]]
| date_format              = DD/MM/YYYY
| drives_on                = kiri&lt;!--Note that this refers to the side of the road used, not the seating of the driver--&gt;
| calling_code             = [[Daftar kode telepon di Indonesia|+62]]
| cctld                    = [[.id]]
| official_website         = {{URL|https://indonesia.go.id}}
| footnotes                = &lt;!--{{notelist}}--&gt;
}}

{{Script/Batak|'''ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ''' (ᯘᯮᯒᯖ᯲ ᯞᯖᯪᯉ᯲: Indonesia), ᯎᯬᯀᯒ᯲ ᯒᯩᯘ᯲ᯔᯪᯉ '''ᯒᯩᯇᯮᯅ᯲ᯞᯪᯂ᯲ ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ''' (Republik Indonesia), ᯤ ᯔ ᯉᯎᯒ ᯉ ᯔᯒᯪᯝᯉᯉ᯲ ᯑᯪ [[ᯀᯘᯪᯛ ᯀᯰᯎᯬᯉᯪ]] ᯑᯬᯂᯬᯖ᯲ [[ᯀᯬᯘᯩᯛᯉᯪᯛ]], ᯑᯪ ᯀᯉ᯲ᯖᯒ ᯉᯪ [[ᯘᯔᯮᯑᯬᯒ ᯂᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯪᯛ]] ᯑᯬᯂᯬᯖ᯲ [[ᯘᯔᯮᯑᯬᯒ ᯇᯘᯪᯇᯪᯂ᯲]]. ᯞᯬᯅᯪ ᯘᯪᯛᯉ᯲ ᯘᯔ᯲ᯇᯮᯞᯮ ᯒᯪᯅᯮ ᯇᯮᯞᯬ ᯉ ᯀᯑᯬᯰ ᯑᯪ ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ, ᯖᯒ᯲ᯔᯘᯮᯂ᯲ ᯇᯩ [[ᯇᯮᯞᯬ ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ]], [[ᯇᯮᯞᯬ ᯐᯋ]], [[ᯇᯮᯞᯬ ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲]], [[ᯇᯮᯞᯬ ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ]] ᯐᯞ [[ᯇᯮᯞᯬ ᯇᯇᯮᯋ]]. ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ ᯤ ᯔ [[ᯉᯎᯒ ᯂᯇᯮᯞᯬᯋᯉ᯲]] ᯉ ᯀᯮᯔ᯲ᯅᯞ᯲ᯎ ᯐᯞ ᯉᯎᯒ ᯇᯘᯔ᯲ᯇᯮᯞᯮᯀᯬᯇᯖ᯲ᯂᯬᯉ᯲ ᯉ ᯀᯮᯔ᯲ᯅᯞ᯲ᯎ ᯔᯬᯞᯬ ᯑᯪᯤᯑ ᯘᯪᯛᯉ᯲ ᯅᯪᯑᯰ ᯉᯪ ᯞᯮᯋᯖ᯲ᯉ (1.904.569 km² ᯔᯉᯰ 735.358 mil persegi). ᯀᯑᯬᯰ ᯑᯬ 267.670.543 ᯇᯬᯇᯮᯞᯘᯪᯉ ᯑᯪ ᯖᯀᯬᯉ᯲ 2018 ᯐᯞ ᯔᯔ᯲ᯅᯂᯩᯉ᯲  ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ ᯎᯅᯩ ᯉᯎᯒ ᯇᯀᯬᯇᯖ᯲ᯂᯬᯉ᯲ ᯉ ᯎᯮᯔᯬᯑᯰ ᯑᯪ ᯇᯬᯒ᯲ᯖᯪᯅᯪ. ᯂᯮᯖ ᯘᯅᯮᯝᯉ᯲ ᯉᯪ ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ ᯔᯒᯪᯝᯉᯉ᯲ ᯑᯪ [[ᯐᯂᯒ᯲ᯖ]], ᯉ ᯎᯅᯩ [[ᯞᯮᯋᯖ᯲ ᯉᯪ ᯀᯮᯒ᯲ᯅᯉ᯲]] ᯇᯑᯮᯋᯂᯬᯉ᯲ ᯉ ᯎᯮᯔᯬᯑᯰ ᯑᯪ ᯇᯬᯒ᯲ᯖᯪᯅᯪ.}}

== {{Script/Batak|ᯒᯮᯀᯘ᯲ ᯀᯑ᯲ᯔᯪᯉᯪᯘ᯲ᯖ᯲ᯒᯘᯪ}} ==
{{Script/Batak|ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ ᯑᯪᯅᯎᯪ ᯎᯅᯩ 38 [[ᯇ᯲ᯒᯬᯇᯪᯉ᯲ᯘᯪ]], ᯐᯞ ᯇ᯲ᯒᯬᯇᯪᯉ᯲ᯘᯪ ᯔ ᯖᯪᯰᯂᯖ᯲ ᯒᯮᯀᯘ᯲ ᯇᯒ᯲ᯐᯬᯞᯬ. ᯑᯪ ᯖᯬᯒᯮ ᯀᯬᯉ᯲ ᯔ ᯖᯪᯰᯂᯖᯉ᯲ ᯉᯪ ᯒᯮᯀᯘ᯲ ᯉ ᯀᯑᯬᯰ ᯑᯪ ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ.}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!ᯖᯪᯰᯂᯖ᯲
!ᯖᯪᯇᯩ
(ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ)
!ᯖᯪᯇᯩ
(ᯅᯖᯂ᯲ ᯖᯬᯅ)
!ᯎᯬᯀᯒ᯲ ᯉᯪ ᯇᯔᯒᯪᯉ᯲ᯖ
([[Hata Indonesia|ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ]])
!ᯎᯬᯀᯒ᯲ ᯉᯪ ᯇᯔᯒᯪᯉ᯲ᯖ
([[Hata Inggeris|ᯀᯪᯰᯎᯩᯒᯪᯘ᯲]])
!ᯅᯂᯖ᯲ᯉ
|-
|I
|''Provinsi''
|[[Propinsi di Indonesia|ᯇ᯲ᯒᯬᯇᯪᯉ᯲ᯘᯪ]]
|''Gubernur''
|''Governor''
|38&lt;ref name=&quot;Dagri&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200807190733/https://www.kemendagri.go.id/media/filemanager/2018/04/13/f/i/file_1.pdf ''Rekapitulasi Jumlah PPID Provinsi, Kabupaten, dan Kota''] (4 April 2018), ''Ministry of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia'', Diakses tanggal 3 Pebruari 2022&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |II
|''Kabupaten''
|ᯂᯅᯮᯇᯖᯩᯉ᯲
|''[[Bupati]]''
|''Regent''
|416&lt;ref name=&quot;Dagri&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Kota''
|ᯂᯬᯖ
|''[[Wali Kota]]''
|''Mayor''
|98&lt;ref name=&quot;Dagri&quot; /&gt;
|-
|III
|''Kecamatan'', ''distrik'', ''kapanewon'', manang ''kemantren''
|ᯑᯪᯘ᯲ᯖ᯲ᯒᯪᯂ᯲
|''Camat'', ''kepala distrik'', ''panewu'' manang ''mantri pamong praja''
|''Head of district''
|7,024&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bps.go.id/dynamictable/2015/09/07/857/jumlah-kecamatan-menurut-provinsi-2004-2014.html ''Jumlah Kecamatan Menurut Provinsi, 2004–2014''] (7 September 2015), ''Central Agency on Statistics of Indonesia'', Diakses tanggal 3 Pebruari 2022&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|IV
|''Desa'' ᯔᯉᯰ ''kelurahan''
|ᯂᯮᯖ ᯔᯉᯰ ᯂᯩᯞᯮᯒᯂᯉ᯲
|''Kepala desa'' manang ''lurah''
|''Head of village''/''subdistrict''
|83,441&lt;ref&gt;[http://jdih.kemendagri.go.id/jdih/uploads/Permendagri/Permendagri%20No%2072%20Th%202019+lampiran.pdf ''Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 72 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan atas Permendagri nomor 137 Tahun 2017 tentang Kode dan Data Wilayah Administrasi Pemerintahan'' (2019)], ''Ministry of Home Affairs (Indonesia)'', Diakses tanggal 3 Pebruari 2022&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== ᯇ᯲ᯒᯬᯇᯪᯉ᯲ᯘᯪ ==
[[Propinsi di Indonesia|ᯇ᯲ᯒᯬᯇᯪᯉ᯲ᯘᯪ]] ᯉ ᯀᯑᯬᯰ ᯑᯪ ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ ᯤᯔ 38 ᯇ᯲ᯒᯬᯇᯪᯉ᯲ᯘᯪ, ᯑᯪ ᯖᯬᯒᯮ ᯀᯬᯉ᯲ ᯔ ᯀᯰᯂ ᯇ᯲ᯒᯬᯇᯪᯉ᯲ᯘᯪ ᯤ;
{| style=&quot;background:none;&quot; cellspacing=&quot;2&quot;
|
{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left; font-size:95%;&quot;
|- style=&quot;font-size:100%; text-align:right;&quot;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3px;&quot; |ᯉᯬ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:80px;&quot; |ᯇᯮᯞᯬ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:120px;&quot; |ᯇ᯲ᯒᯬᯇᯪᯉ᯲ᯘᯪ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:100px;&quot; |ᯤᯅᯮ ᯂᯬᯖ
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:60px;&quot; |ᯀᯒᯩᯀ (km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bps.go.id/statictable/2014/09/05/1366/luas-daerah-dan-jumlah-pulau-menurut-provinsi-2002-2016.html Luas Daerah dan Jumlah Pulau Menurut Provinsi 2002-2016], www.bps.go.id, Diakses tanggal 3 Pebruari 2022&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:80px;&quot; |ᯇᯬᯇᯮᯞᯘᯪ
(2022)&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230709113430/https://satudata.kemenag.go.id/dataset/detail/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-agama ''Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Agama 2022''] (2022), www.satudata.kemenag.go.id, Diakses tanggal 9 Juli 2023&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|1
|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ
|[[Aceh|ᯀᯘᯩᯂ᯲]]
|[[Kota Banda Aceh|ᯅᯉ᯲ᯑ ᯀᯘᯩᯂ᯲]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |57.956,00
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |5.432.312
|-
|2
|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ
|[[Sumatera Utara|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ ᯥᯖᯒ]]
|[[Kota Medan|ᯔᯩᯑᯉ᯲]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |72.981,23
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |15.372.437
|-
|3
|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ
|[[Sumatera Pastima|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ ᯇᯘ᯲ᯖᯪᯔ]]
|[[Kota Padang|ᯇᯑᯰ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |42.012,89
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |5.664.988
|-
|4
|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ
|[[Riau|ᯒᯪᯛᯥ]]
|[[Kota Pekanbaru|ᯇᯩᯂᯉ᯲ᯅᯒᯮ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |87.023,66
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |6.743.099
|-
|5
|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ
|[[Pulo Riau|ᯇᯮᯞᯬ ᯒᯪᯛᯥ]]
|[[Kota Tanjungpinang|ᯖᯉ᯲ᯐᯮᯰᯇᯪᯉᯰ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |8.201,72
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |2.133.491
|-
|6
|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ
|[[Jambi|ᯐᯔ᯲ᯅᯪ]]
|[[Kota Jambi|ᯐᯔ᯲ᯅᯪ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |50.058,16
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |3.696.044
|-
|7
|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ
|[[Sumatera Dangsina|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ ᯑᯰᯘᯪᯉ]]
|[[Kota Palembang|ᯇᯞᯩᯔ᯲ᯅᯰ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |91.592,43
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |8.755.074
|-
|8
|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ
|[[Pulo Bangka Belitung|ᯇᯮᯞᯬ ᯅᯰᯂ ᯅᯩᯞᯪᯖᯮᯰ]] 
|[[Kota Pangkalpinang|ᯇᯰᯂᯞ᯲ᯇᯪᯉᯰ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |16.424,06
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |1.490.418
|-
|9
|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ
|[[Bengkulu|ᯅᯩᯰᯂᯮᯞᯮ]]
|[[Kota Bengkulu|ᯅᯩᯰᯂᯮᯞᯮ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |19.919,33
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |2.065.573
|-
|10
|ᯘᯮᯔᯖᯩᯒ
|[[Lampung|ᯞᯔ᯲ᯇᯮᯰ]]
|[[Kota Bandar Lampung|ᯅᯉ᯲ᯑᯒ᯲ ᯞᯔ᯲ᯇᯮᯰ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |34,623,80
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |8.947.458
|-
|11
|ᯐᯋ
|[[Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta|ᯑ᯲.ᯂ᯲.ᯤ. ᯐᯂᯒ᯲ᯖ]]
|[[Jakarta Pusat|ᯐᯂᯒ᯲ᯖ ᯇᯮᯘᯖ᯲]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |664,01
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |10.562.088
|-
|12
|ᯐᯋ
|[[Jawa Pastima|ᯐᯋ ᯇᯘ᯲ᯖᯪᯔ]]
|[[Kota Bandung|ᯅᯉ᯲ᯑᯮᯰ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |35.377,76
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |48.274.162
|-
|13
|ᯐᯋ
|[[Banten|ᯅᯉ᯲ᯖᯩᯉ᯲]]
|[[Kota Serang|ᯘᯩᯒᯰ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |9.662,92
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |11.904.562
|-
|14
|ᯐᯋ
|[[Jawa Tonga|ᯐᯋ ᯖᯬᯝ]]
|[[Kota Semarang|ᯘᯩᯔᯒᯰ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |32.800,69
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |36.516.035
|-
|15
|ᯐᯋ
|[[Daerah Istimewa Jogjakarta|ᯑ᯲.ᯤ. ᯐᯬᯎ᯲ᯐᯂᯒ᯲ᯖ]]
|[[Kota Jogjakarta|ᯐᯬᯎ᯲ᯐᯂᯒ᯲ᯖ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |3.133,15
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |3.668.719
|-
|16
|ᯐᯋ
|[[Jawa Purba|ᯐᯋ ᯇᯮᯒ᯲ᯅ]]
|[[Kota Surabaya|ᯘᯮᯒᯅᯛ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |47.799,75
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |40.665.696
|-
|17
|ᯉᯮᯘ ᯖᯩᯰᯎᯒ
|[[Bali|ᯅᯞᯪ]]
|[[Kota Denpasar|ᯑᯩᯉ᯲ᯇᯘᯒ᯲]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |5.780,06
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |4.317.404
|-
|18
|ᯉᯮᯘ ᯖᯩᯰᯎᯒ
|[[Nusa Tenggara Pastima|ᯉ᯲.ᯖ᯲.ᯅ᯲.]]
|[[Kota Mataram|ᯔᯖᯒᯔ᯲]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |18.572,32
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |5.320.092
|-
|19
|ᯉᯮᯘ ᯖᯩᯰᯎᯒ
|[[Nusa Tenggara Purba|ᯉ᯲.ᯖ᯲.ᯖ᯲.]]
|[[Kota Kupang|ᯂᯮᯇᯰ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |48.718,10
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |5.325.566
|-
|20
|ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲
|[[Kalimantan Pastima|ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲ ᯇᯘ᯲ᯖᯪᯔ]]
|[[Kota Pontianak|ᯇᯬᯉ᯲ᯖᯪᯀᯉᯂ᯲]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |147.307,00
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |5.414.390
|-
|21
|ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲
|[[Kalimantan Tonga|ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲ ᯖᯬᯝ]]
|[[Kota Palangka Raya|ᯇᯞᯰᯂ ᯒᯛ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |153.564,50
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |2.669.969
|-
|22
|ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲
|[[Kalimantan Dangsina|ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲ ᯑᯰᯘᯪᯉ]]
|[[Kota Banjarmasin|ᯅᯉ᯲ᯐᯒ᯲ᯔᯘᯪᯉ᯲]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |38.744,23
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |4.073.584
|-
|23
|ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲
|[[Kalimantan Purba|ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲ ᯇᯮᯒ᯲ᯅ]]
|[[Kota Samarinda|ᯘᯔᯒᯪᯉ᯲ᯑ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |129.066,64
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |3.766.039
|-
|24
|ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲
|[[Kalimantan Utara|ᯂᯞᯪᯔᯉ᯲ᯖᯉ᯲ ᯥᯖᯒ]]
|[[Tanjung Selor, Bulungan|ᯖᯉ᯲ᯐᯮᯰ ᯘᯩᯞᯬᯒ᯲]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |75.467,70
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |701.814
|-
|25
|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ
|[[Sulawesi Utara|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ ᯥᯖᯒ]]
|[[Kota Manado|ᯔᯉᯑᯬ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |13.851,64
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |2.621.923
|-
|26
|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ
|[[Gorontalo|ᯎᯬᯒᯬᯉ᯲ᯖᯞᯬ]]
|[[Kota Gorontalo|ᯎᯬᯒᯬᯉ᯲ᯖᯞᯬ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |11.257,07
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |1.171.681
|-
|27
|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ
|[[Sulawesi Tonga|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ ᯖᯬᯝ]]
|[[Kota Palu|ᯇᯞᯮ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |61.841,29
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |2.985.734
|-
|28
|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ
|[[Sulawesi Pastima|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ ᯇᯘ᯲ᯖᯪᯔ]]
|[[Kabupaten Mamuju|ᯔᯔᯮᯐᯮ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |16.787,18
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |1.450.610
|-
|29
|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ
|[[Sulawesi Dangsina|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ ᯑᯰᯘᯪᯉ]]
|[[Kota Makassar|ᯔᯂᯘᯒ᯲]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |46.717,48
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |9.073.509
|-
|30
|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ
|[[Sulawesi Anggoni|ᯘᯮᯞᯋᯩᯘᯪ ᯀᯰᯎᯬᯉᯪ]]
|[[Kota Kendari|ᯂᯩᯉ᯲ᯑᯒᯪ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |38.067,70
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |2.624.875
|-
|31
|ᯔᯞᯮᯂᯮ
|[[Maluku|ᯔᯞᯮᯂᯮ]]
|[[Kota Ambon|ᯀᯔ᯲ᯅᯬᯉ᯲]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |46.914,03
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |1.848.923
|-
|32
|ᯔᯞᯮᯂᯮ
|[[Maluku Utara|ᯔᯞᯮᯂᯮ ᯥᯖᯒ]]
|[[Sopipi, Oba Utara, Tidore Kepulauan|ᯘᯬᯇᯪᯇᯪ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |31.982,50
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |1.282.937
|-
|33
|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ
|[[Papua Pastima|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ ᯇᯘ᯲ᯖᯪᯔ]]
|[[Kabupaten Manokwari|ᯔᯉᯬᯂ᯲ᯋᯒᯪ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |64.134,66
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |559.361
|-
|34
|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ
|[[Papua|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ]]
|[[Kota Jayapura|ᯂᯬᯖ ᯐᯛᯇᯮᯒ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |82.680,95
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |1.073.354
|-
|35
|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ
|[[Papua Dangsina|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ ᯑᯰᯘᯪᯉ]]
|[[Kabupaten Merauke|ᯔᯩᯒᯥᯂᯩ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |117.833,92
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |522.844
|-
|36
|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ
|[[Papua Nariti|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ ᯉᯒᯪᯖᯪ]]
|[[Kota Sorong|ᯂᯬᯖ ᯘᯬᯒᯬᯰ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |39.167
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |604.698
|-
|37
|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ
|[[Papua Dolok|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ ᯑᯬᯞᯬᯂ᯲]]
|[[Kabupaten Jayawijaya|ᯐᯛᯋᯪᯐᯛ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |88.416,64
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |1.459.544
|-
|38
|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ
|[[Papua Tonga|ᯇᯇᯮᯀ ᯖᯬᯝ]]
|[[Kabupaten Nabire|ᯉᯅᯪᯒᯩ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |60.491,24
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |1.348.463
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;'''ᯀᯪᯉ᯲ᯑᯬᯉᯩᯘᯪᯀ'''&lt;/div&gt;
|[[Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta|ᯑ᯲.ᯂ᯲.ᯤ. ᯐᯂᯒ᯲ᯖ]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |'''1.913.578,68'''
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; |'''270.203.917'''
|}
![[Ugasan:Indonesia_provinces_1945-2012.gif|center|500x500px]][[Ugasan:Indonesia,_administrative_divisions_-_en_-_monochrome.svg|center|500x500px]]
|}

== {{Script/Batak|ᯇᯮᯘ᯲ᯖᯂ}} ==

[[Horong:ᯎᯮᯒᯪᯖᯉ᯲ᯉᯖᯒ᯲ᯘᯮᯒᯖ᯲ᯑᯪᯘᯮᯒᯖ᯲ᯅᯖᯂ᯲]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>34 (bilangan)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2933</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17036</id>
      <parentid>16888</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:21:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Gazartashlomo0907 papindahon alaman [[34 (pulpen)]] tu [[34 (nomor)]]</comment>
      <origin>16888</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="81" sha1="i9iurapclzt4zlcyfz78vjs6938k0g2" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}'''34''' ('''tolu pulu opat''') ima sada bilangan, antara 33 dohot 35.</text>
      <sha1>i9iurapclzt4zlcyfz78vjs6938k0g2</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>17041</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:24:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
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      <origin>17041</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="104" sha1="tssk7rf5uxh7hit1msr1w7zilgyf3jn" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}

'''34''' ('''tolu pulu opat''') ima sada bilangan, antara 33 dohot 35.

[[Horong:Bilangan]]</text>
      <sha1>tssk7rf5uxh7hit1msr1w7zilgyf3jn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17042</id>
      <parentid>17041</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:24:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Gazartashlomo0907 papindahon alaman [[34 (nomor)]] tu [[34 (bilangan)]]</comment>
      <origin>17041</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="104" sha1="tssk7rf5uxh7hit1msr1w7zilgyf3jn" xml:space="preserve">{{databox}}

'''34''' ('''tolu pulu opat''') ima sada bilangan, antara 33 dohot 35.

[[Horong:Bilangan]]</text>
      <sha1>tssk7rf5uxh7hit1msr1w7zilgyf3jn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17069</id>
      <parentid>17042</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:25:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17069</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="153" sha1="ah0tvlhapg06aenfcouko654trtamz7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox number
| number =  34
| divisor = 1, 2, 17, 34
}}

'''34''' ('''tolu pulu opat''') i ma sada bilangan, antara 33 dohot 35.

[[Horong:Bilangan]]</text>
      <sha1>ah0tvlhapg06aenfcouko654trtamz7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17080</id>
      <parentid>17069</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:48:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17080</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="92" sha1="76pz66lvtt0s9y7pud2hho21zwlpsu8" xml:space="preserve">'''34''' ('''tolu pulu opat''') i ma sada bilangan, antara 33 dohot 35.

[[Horong:Bilangan]]</text>
      <sha1>76pz66lvtt0s9y7pud2hho21zwlpsu8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>45 (bilangan)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2937</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17038</id>
      <parentid>16900</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:22:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17038</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="128" sha1="0js4x4pl584tp2m7rowa5jothp7kwea" xml:space="preserve">[[Ugasan:Vitoria_-_Número_45.jpg|thumb|45]]
'''45''' ('''opat pulu lima'''), sada nomor , antara 44 dohot 46.

[[Horong:Nomor]]</text>
      <sha1>0js4x4pl584tp2m7rowa5jothp7kwea</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17039</id>
      <parentid>17038</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:23:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Gazartashlomo0907 papindahon alaman [[45 (pulpen)]] tu [[45 (nomor)]]</comment>
      <origin>17038</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="128" sha1="0js4x4pl584tp2m7rowa5jothp7kwea" xml:space="preserve">[[Ugasan:Vitoria_-_Número_45.jpg|thumb|45]]
'''45''' ('''opat pulu lima'''), sada nomor , antara 44 dohot 46.

[[Horong:Nomor]]</text>
      <sha1>0js4x4pl584tp2m7rowa5jothp7kwea</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17044</id>
      <parentid>17039</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:25:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17044</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="134" sha1="aib4q8k82reitxgsauboot58ihwsvnz" xml:space="preserve">[[Ugasan:Vitoria_-_Número_45.jpg|thumb|45]]
'''45''' ('''opat pulu lima'''), sada bilangan , antara 44 dohot 46.

[[Horong:Bilangan]]</text>
      <sha1>aib4q8k82reitxgsauboot58ihwsvnz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17045</id>
      <parentid>17044</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:25:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Gazartashlomo0907 papindahon alaman [[45 (nomor)]] tu [[45 (bilangan)]]</comment>
      <origin>17044</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="134" sha1="aib4q8k82reitxgsauboot58ihwsvnz" xml:space="preserve">[[Ugasan:Vitoria_-_Número_45.jpg|thumb|45]]
'''45''' ('''opat pulu lima'''), sada bilangan , antara 44 dohot 46.

[[Horong:Bilangan]]</text>
      <sha1>aib4q8k82reitxgsauboot58ihwsvnz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17071</id>
      <parentid>17045</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:29:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17071</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="200" sha1="1t7wr61ppn4g3jystwfzu6g188itw2f" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox number
| number = 45
| divisor = 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 45
}}

[[Ugasan:Vitoria_-_Número_45.jpg|thumb|45]]
'''45''' ('''opat pulu lima'''), sada bilangan , antara 44 dohot 46.

[[Horong:Bilangan]]</text>
      <sha1>1t7wr61ppn4g3jystwfzu6g188itw2f</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17079</id>
      <parentid>17071</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:48:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17079</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="134" sha1="aib4q8k82reitxgsauboot58ihwsvnz" xml:space="preserve">[[Ugasan:Vitoria_-_Número_45.jpg|thumb|45]]
'''45''' ('''opat pulu lima'''), sada bilangan , antara 44 dohot 46.

[[Horong:Bilangan]]</text>
      <sha1>aib4q8k82reitxgsauboot58ihwsvnz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikipedia:Guritan na tarpillit/28 2026</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>2977</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17035</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:19:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Pogu ni alaman/Topigombar|Piper betel's leaf.jpg|250|Gombar ni demban.|{{{selular|}}}}}  '''Demban''' ([[Hata Indonesia]]: ''Sirih'') sanga digoari muse '''burangir''' sanga '''napuran''' i ma sada suansuanan sian [[Indonesia]] na mangolu manginsir sanga magusande tu sada batang ni hau. Molo di bagasan abahan, mangallang napuran hombar ma muse dohot [[gambir]], [[pinang]], [[timbaho]] dohot [[hapur]]. Alai molo gahat mangallang hapur, boi manega ([[periodentitis]]) mam...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17035</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1008" sha1="s1ua14fldovwiwf7t8e7rkzfcqx53np" xml:space="preserve">{{Pogu ni alaman/Topigombar|Piper betel's leaf.jpg|250|Gombar ni demban.|{{{selular|}}}}}

'''Demban''' ([[Hata Indonesia]]: ''Sirih'') sanga digoari muse '''burangir''' sanga '''napuran''' i ma sada suansuanan sian [[Indonesia]] na mangolu manginsir sanga magusande tu sada batang ni hau. Molo di bagasan abahan, mangallang napuran hombar ma muse dohot [[gambir]], [[pinang]], [[timbaho]] dohot [[hapur]]. Alai molo gahat mangallang hapur, boi manega ([[periodentitis]]) mambahen sega [[ipon]].&lt;br&gt;
Di halak [[Malayu]], napuran on dibahen gabe [[ubat]] (''fitofarmaka''), dung i dipangke muse tu acara adat rumpun Melayu. Di Indonesia, napuran on gabe suansuanan na sudung sian Propinsi [[Hapuloan Riau]]. Halak di Hapuloan Riau maniop tongtong adat mangallang napuran, sudung tu adat manambut tondong na ro tu huta ni halahi. Demban i ma suansuanan tangkasan di [[Indonesia]] na tubu manjilir manang mangusande tu kambona ni hau na asing.

'''([[Demban|Sasingkopna...]])'''

[[Horong:Guritan na tarpillit]]</text>
      <sha1>s1ua14fldovwiwf7t8e7rkzfcqx53np</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>34 (pulpen)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2978</id>
    <redirect title="34 (nomor)" />
    <revision>
      <id>17037</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:21:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Gazartashlomo0907 papindahon alaman [[34 (pulpen)]] tu [[34 (nomor)]]</comment>
      <origin>17037</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="24" sha1="njqviau3kmrw99kex9bsqvn6snx40q4" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[34 (nomor)]]</text>
      <sha1>njqviau3kmrw99kex9bsqvn6snx40q4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>45 (pulpen)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2979</id>
    <redirect title="45 (nomor)" />
    <revision>
      <id>17040</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:23:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Gazartashlomo0907 papindahon alaman [[45 (pulpen)]] tu [[45 (nomor)]]</comment>
      <origin>17040</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="24" sha1="ru7twiurdtp1lxx0xtxy3g98o6j6971" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[45 (nomor)]]</text>
      <sha1>ru7twiurdtp1lxx0xtxy3g98o6j6971</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>34 (nomor)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2980</id>
    <redirect title="34 (bilangan)" />
    <revision>
      <id>17043</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:24:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Gazartashlomo0907 papindahon alaman [[34 (nomor)]] tu [[34 (bilangan)]]</comment>
      <origin>17043</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" sha1="ejw897iaeiqwj13si5jtrv2wiz0yfdv" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[34 (bilangan)]]</text>
      <sha1>ejw897iaeiqwj13si5jtrv2wiz0yfdv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>45 (nomor)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2981</id>
    <redirect title="45 (bilangan)" />
    <revision>
      <id>17046</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:25:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Gazartashlomo0907 papindahon alaman [[45 (nomor)]] tu [[45 (bilangan)]]</comment>
      <origin>17046</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" sha1="r8g03rgqu5uqoz740hmkdaec6ejrmqg" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[45 (bilangan)]]</text>
      <sha1>r8g03rgqu5uqoz740hmkdaec6ejrmqg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Templat:Infobox number</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2982</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17047</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:33:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{short description|Natural number|noreplace}}{{Infobox number/box |number={{#if:{{{number&lt;includeonly&gt;|&lt;/includeonly&gt;}}}   | {{{number&lt;noinclude&gt;|{{#time:j}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}   | {{PAGENAMEBASE}}   }} | cardinal = {{{cardinal|}}} | ordinal = {{{ordinal|}}} | ordinal text = {{{ordinal text|}}} | numeral = {{{numeral|}}} | factorization = {{{factorization|}}} | gaussian integer factorization = {{{Gaussian integer factorization|{{{gaussian integer factorization|}}}}}} | prim...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17047</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4220" sha1="1gy0ap4n5xehx1m4bldtb3e65segl2u" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Natural number|noreplace}}{{Infobox number/box
|number={{#if:{{{number&lt;includeonly&gt;|&lt;/includeonly&gt;}}}
  | {{{number&lt;noinclude&gt;|{{#time:j}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}
  | {{PAGENAMEBASE}}
  }}
| cardinal = {{{cardinal|}}}
| ordinal = {{{ordinal|}}}
| ordinal text = {{{ordinal text|}}}
| numeral = {{{numeral|}}}
| factorization = {{{factorization|}}}
| gaussian integer factorization = {{{Gaussian integer factorization|{{{gaussian integer factorization|}}}}}}
| prime = {{{prime|}}}
| divisor = {{{divisor|}}}
| base 36 = {{{base 36|}}}
| roman = {{{Roman|{{{roman|}}}}}}
| roman unicode = {{{Roman unicode|{{{roman unicode|}}}}}}
| unicode = {{{unicode|}}}
| greek prefix = {{{Greek prefix|{{{greek prefix|}}}}}}
| latin prefix = {{{Latin prefix|{{{latin prefix|}}}}}}
| old english prefix = {{{Old English prefix|{{{old english prefix|}}}}}}
| lang1 = {{{lang1|}}}
| lang1 symbol = {{{lang1 symbol|}}}
| lang2 = {{{lang2|}}}
| lang2 symbol = {{{lang2 symbol|}}}
| lang3 = {{{lang3|}}}
| lang3 symbol = {{{lang3 symbol|}}}
| lang4 = {{{lang4|}}}
| lang4 symbol = {{{lang4 symbol|}}}
| lang5 = {{{lang5|}}}
| lang5 symbol = {{{lang5 symbol|}}}
| lang6 = {{{lang6|}}}
| lang6 symbol = {{{lang6 symbol|}}}
| lang7 = {{{lang7|}}}
| lang7 symbol = {{{lang7 symbol|}}}
| lang8 = {{{lang8|}}}
| lang8 symbol = {{{lang8 symbol|}}}
| lang9 = {{{lang9|}}}
| lang9 symbol = {{{lang9 symbol|}}}
| lang10 = {{{lang10|}}}
| lang10 symbol = {{{lang10 symbol|}}}
| lang11 = {{{lang11|}}}
| lang11 symbol = {{{lang11 symbol|}}}
| lang12 = {{{lang12|}}}
| lang12 symbol = {{{lang12 symbol|}}}
| lang13 = {{{lang13|}}}
| lang13 symbol = {{{lang13 symbol|}}}
| lang14 = {{{lang14|}}}
| lang14 symbol = {{{lang14 symbol|}}}
| lang15 = {{{lang15|}}}
| lang15 symbol = {{{lang15 symbol|}}}
| lang16 = {{{lang16|}}}
| lang16 symbol = {{{lang16 symbol|}}}
| lang17 = {{{lang17|}}}
| lang17 symbol = {{{lang17 symbol|}}}
| lang18 = {{{lang18|}}}
| lang18 symbol = {{{lang18 symbol|}}}
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| lang19 symbol = {{{lang19 symbol|}}}
| lang20 = {{{lang20|}}}
| lang20 symbol = {{{lang20 symbol|}}}
| lang21 = {{{lang21|}}}
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;includeonly&gt;{{infobox | bodystyle = line-height: 1.2em | abovestyle = font-size: 150% | above = {{#ifexpr:{{{number}}} &gt; 10^6   | {{{number}}}   | &lt;table style= &quot;width:100%; margin:0&quot;&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td style= &quot;width:15%; text-align:left; white-space: nowrap; font-size:smaller&quot;&gt;{{Infobox number/link|pre=&amp;#8592;|number = {{#expr:{{{number}}} - 1 }} }}&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style= &quot;width:70%; padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;{{Infobox number/link|plain=yes|number={{{num...&quot;</comment>
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  | {{{number}}}
  | &lt;table style= &quot;width:100%; margin:0&quot;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;
&lt;td style= &quot;width:15%; text-align:left; white-space: nowrap; font-size:smaller&quot;&gt;{{Infobox number/link|pre=&amp;#8592;|number = {{#expr:{{{number}}} - 1 }} }}&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style= &quot;width:70%; padding-left:1em; padding-right:1em; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;{{Infobox number/link|plain=yes|number={{{number}}}}}&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style= &quot;width:15%; text-align:right; white-space: nowrap; font-size:smaller&quot;&gt;{{Infobox number/link|post=&amp;#8594;|number = {{#expr:{{{number}}} + 1 }} }}&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
  }}
| labelstyle = font-weight:normal
| subheaderstyle = font-size:100%;
| subheader = {{Infobox number/range|{{{number}}}}}

| label1 = [[Cardinal numeral|Cardinal]]
| data1  = {{#if: {{{cardinal|}}} | {{{cardinal}}} | {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|numeral_to_english|{{{number}}}|sp=us}} }}

| label2 = [[Ordinal numeral|Ordinal]]
| data2 = {{#if: {{{ordinal|}}} | {{{ordinal}}} | {{Ordinal|{{{number}}}}}&lt;br /&gt;({{#if:{{{ordinal text|}}}|{{{ordinal text}}}|{{#invoke:convertNumeric|numeral_to_english|{{{number}}}|ord=on|sp=us}} }})}}

| label3 = [[Numeral system]] 
| data3  = {{{numeral|}}}

| label4 = [[Factorization]] 
| data4  = {{#if:{{{factorization|}}}|{{{factorization}}}|{{#ifexpr:{{{number}}} &gt; 1 and {{{number}}} &lt; 1000000000| {{#invoke:Factorization|factor|{{{number}}}|prime=y|product=×}} }} }}

| label5 = [[Gaussian integer]] factorization
| data5 = {{{gaussian integer factorization|}}}

| label6 = [[prime number|Prime]] 
| data6 = {{{prime|}}}

| label7 = [[Divisor]]s
| data7 = {{{divisor|}}}

| label8 = [[Greek numerals|Greek numeral]]
| data8  = {{#if:{{{greek|}}}|{{{greek}}}| {{#ifexpr: {{{number}}} &gt;= 1 | {{Greek numeral|{{{number}}}|}} }} }}

| label9 = [[Roman numerals|Roman numeral]]
| data9  = {{#if:{{{roman|}}}|{{{roman}}}| {{#ifexpr: {{{number}}} &gt;= 1 | {{rn|{{Roman|{{{number}}}|}}}}, {{rn|{{lc:{{Roman|{{{number}}}|}}}}}} }} }}

| label10 = Roman numeral ([[unicode]])
| data10 = {{{roman unicode|}}}

| label11 = [[Unicode]] symbol{{pluralize from text|{{{unicode|}}}|likely=(s)|plural=s}}
| data11 = {{{unicode|}}}

| label12 = [[Greek language|Greek]] [[Numeral prefix|prefix]]
| data12 = {{{greek prefix|}}}

| label13 = [[Latin]] [[Numeral prefix|prefix]]
| data13 = {{{latin prefix|}}}

| label14 = [[Old English]] [[Numeral prefix|prefix]]
| data14 = {{{old english prefix|}}}

| label15 = [[Binary number|Binary]]
| data15 = {{#ifexpr: ({{{number}}} &gt;= 0) and ({{{number}}} &lt;= 9007199254740991) | {{#invoke:BaseConvert|10to2|{{{number}}}}}&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;}}

| label16 = [[Ternary numeral system|Ternary]]
| data16 = {{#ifexpr: ({{{number}}} &gt;= 0) and ({{{number}}} &lt;= 9007199254740991) | {{#invoke:BaseConvert|10to3|{{{number}}}}}&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;}}

| label17 = [[Senary]]
| data17 = {{#ifexpr: ({{{number}}} &gt;= 0) and ({{{number}}} &lt;= 9007199254740991) | {{#invoke:BaseConvert|10to6|{{{number}}}}}&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;}}

| label20 = [[Octal]]
| data20 = {{#ifexpr: ({{{number}}} &gt;= 0) and ({{{number}}} &lt;= 9007199254740991) | {{#invoke:BaseConvert|10to8|{{{number}}}}}&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;/sub&gt;}}

| label21 = [[Duodecimal]]
| data21 = {{#ifexpr: ({{{number}}} &gt;= 0) and ({{{number}}} &lt;= 9007199254740991) | {{#invoke:BaseConvert|10to12|{{{number}}}}}&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt;}}

| label22 = [[Hexadecimal]]
| data22 = {{#ifexpr: ({{{number}}} &gt;= 0) and ({{{number}}} &lt;= 9007199254740991) | {{#invoke:BaseConvert|10to16|{{{number}}}}}&lt;sub&gt;16&lt;/sub&gt;}}
	
| label24 = {{#if:{{{base 36|}}}|[[Base 36]]}}
| data24 = {{#if:{{{base 36|}}}|{{#ifexpr: ({{{number}}} &gt;= 0) and ({{{number}}} &lt;= 9007199254740991) | {{#invoke:BaseConvert|10to36|{{{number}}}}}&lt;sub&gt;36&lt;/sub&gt;}}}}

| label32 = {{{lang1}}} 
| data32 = {{#if:{{{lang1|}}}|{{{lang1 symbol|}}}}}

| label33 = {{{lang2}}} 
| data33 = {{#if:{{{lang2|}}}|{{{lang2 symbol|}}}}}

| label34 = {{{lang3}}} 
| data34 = {{#if:{{{lang3|}}}|{{{lang3 symbol|}}}}}

| label35 = {{{lang4}}} 
| data35 = {{#if:{{{lang4|}}}|{{{lang4 symbol|}}}}}

| label36 = {{{lang5}}} 
| data36 = {{#if:{{{lang5|}}}|{{{lang5 symbol|}}}}}

| label37 = {{{lang6}}} 
| data37 = {{#if:{{{lang6|}}}|{{{lang6 symbol|}}}}}

| label38 = {{{lang7}}} 
| data38 = {{#if:{{{lang7|}}}|{{{lang7 symbol|}}}}}

| label39 = {{{lang8}}} 
| data39 = {{#if:{{{lang8|}}}|{{{lang8 symbol|}}}}}

| label40 = {{{lang9}}} 
| data40 = {{#if:{{{lang9|}}}|{{{lang9 symbol|}}}}}

| label41 = {{{lang10}}} 
| data41 = {{#if:{{{lang10|}}}|{{{lang10 symbol|}}}}}

| label42 = {{{lang11}}} 
| data42 = {{#if:{{{lang11|}}}|{{{lang11 symbol|}}}}}

| label43 = {{{lang12}}} 
| data43 = {{#if:{{{lang12|}}}|{{{lang12 symbol|}}}}}

| label44 = {{{lang13}}} 
| data44 = {{#if:{{{lang13|}}}|{{{lang13 symbol|}}}}}

| label45 = {{{lang14}}} 
| data45 = {{#if:{{{lang14|}}}|{{{lang14 symbol|}}}}}

| label46 = {{{lang15}}} 
| data46 = {{#if:{{{lang15|}}}|{{{lang15 symbol|}}}}}

| label47 = {{{lang16}}} 
| data47 = {{#if:{{{lang16|}}}|{{{lang16 symbol|}}}}}

| label48 = {{{lang17}}} 
| data48 = {{#if:{{{lang17|}}}|{{{lang17 symbol|}}}}}

| label49 = {{{lang18}}} 
| data49 = {{#if:{{{lang18|}}}|{{{lang18 symbol|}}}}}

| label50 = {{{lang19}}} 
| data50 = {{#if:{{{lang19|}}}|{{{lang19 symbol|}}}}}

| label51 = {{{lang20}}} 
| data51 = {{#if:{{{lang20|}}}|{{{lang20 symbol|}}}}}

| label52 = {{{lang21}}} 
| data52 = {{#if:{{{lang21|}}}|{{{lang21 symbol|}}}}}

| label53 = {{{lang22}}} 
| data53 = {{#if:{{{lang22|}}}|{{{lang22 symbol|}}}}}

| label54 = {{{lang23}}} 
| data54 = {{#if:{{{lang23|}}}|{{{lang23 symbol|}}}}}

| label55 = {{{lang24}}} 
| data55 = {{#if:{{{lang24|}}}|{{{lang24 symbol|}}}}}

| label56 = {{{lang25}}} 
| data56 = {{#if:{{{lang25|}}}|{{{lang25 symbol|}}}}}

| label57 = {{{lang26}}} 
| data57 = {{#if:{{{lang26|}}}|{{{lang26 symbol|}}}}}

| label58 = {{{lang27}}} 
| data58 = {{#if:{{{lang27|}}}|{{{lang27 symbol|}}}}}

| label59 = {{{lang28}}} 
| data59 = {{#if:{{{lang28|}}}|{{{lang28 symbol|}}}}}

| label60 = {{{lang29}}} 
| data60 = {{#if:{{{lang29|}}}|{{{lang29 symbol|}}}}}

| label61 = {{{lang30}}} 
| data61 = {{#if:{{{lang30|}}}|{{{lang30 symbol|}}}}}

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation|content= 
This subtemplate is used to generate the infobox for {{tl|infobox number}}.  By using a subtemplate, it reduces the repetition in the code by using a single computation of the value for {{para|number}} by {{tl|infobox number}}, which is passed to this subtemplate.  This subtemplate should be used only by {{tl|infobox number}}, and not directly.
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>bt8hh81dtkurdyx8zn2ub1rlbhevj5v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:BaseConvert</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2985</id>
    <redirect title="Module:BaseConvert" />
    <revision>
      <id>17052</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:50:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Gazartashlomo0907 papindahon alaman [[Modul:BaseConvert]] tu [[Module:BaseConvert]]</comment>
      <origin>17052</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="32" sha1="71nijp7q56brjnvgvv89agg4k6ry8p6" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Module:BaseConvert]]</text>
      <sha1>71nijp7q56brjnvgvv89agg4k6ry8p6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Modul:Tree chart</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2986</id>
    <redirect title="Module:Tree chart" />
    <revision>
      <id>17054</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:52:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Gazartashlomo0907 papindahon alaman [[Modul:Tree chart]] tu [[Module:Tree chart]]</comment>
      <origin>17054</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" sha1="tt56tdnkz9mn8yss3r3wjnsnv6iymf5" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Module:Tree chart]]</text>
      <sha1>tt56tdnkz9mn8yss3r3wjnsnv6iymf5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:IPA</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>2987</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17055</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:53:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;require('strict') local p = {}  local function multiFind(s, patterns, init) 	local i, j = mw.ustring.find(s, patterns[1], init) 	for n = 2, #patterns do 		local i2, j2 = mw.ustring.find(s, patterns[n], init) 		if i2 and (not i or i2 &lt; i) then 			i, j = i2, j2 		end 	end 	return i, j end  local function wrapAtSpaces(s) 	return mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(%s+)', '&lt;span class=&quot;wrap&quot;&gt;%1&lt;/span&gt;') end  local function wrapAtSpacesSafely(s) 	local patterns = { 		'%[%[[^%]|]-%s[^%]|]-|'...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17055</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="6711" sha1="2tl8p3k7svoyo6v9xaxb81ccn0hwlk5" xml:space="preserve">require('strict')
local p = {}

local function multiFind(s, patterns, init)
	local i, j = mw.ustring.find(s, patterns[1], init)
	for n = 2, #patterns do
		local i2, j2 = mw.ustring.find(s, patterns[n], init)
		if i2 and (not i or i2 &lt; i) then
			i, j = i2, j2
		end
	end
	return i, j
end

local function wrapAtSpaces(s)
	return mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(%s+)', '&lt;span class=&quot;wrap&quot;&gt;%1&lt;/span&gt;')
end

local function wrapAtSpacesSafely(s)
	local patterns = {
		'%[%[[^%]|]-%s[^%]|]-|', -- Piped links
		'&lt;/?[A-Za-z][^&gt;]-%s[^&gt;]-&gt;' -- HTML tags
	}
	s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '%[%[([^%]|]-%s[^%]|]-)%]%]', '[[%1|%1]]') -- Pipe all links
	local t = {}
	local init
	while true do
		local i, j = multiFind(s, patterns, init)
		if not i then
			break
		end
		local pre = wrapAtSpaces(mw.ustring.sub(s, init, i - 1)) -- What precedes the match
		table.insert(t, pre)
		table.insert(t, mw.ustring.sub(s, i, j)) -- The match
		init = j + 1
	end
	local post = wrapAtSpaces(mw.ustring.sub(s, init)) -- What follows the last match
	table.insert(t, post)
	return table.concat(t)
end

local function checkNamespace(isDebug)
	return isDebug or require('Module:Category handler').main({ true })
end

local function renderCats(cats, isDebug)
	if not cats[1] or not checkNamespace(isDebug) then
		return ''
	end
	local t = {}
	for _, v in ipairs(cats) do
		table.insert(t, string.format(
			'[[%sCategory:%s]]',
			isDebug and ':' or '',
			v
		))
	end
	return table.concat(t)
end

local function resolveSynonym(s)
	return mw.loadData('Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms')[s] or s
end

local function getLangName(code, link)
	return require('Module:Lang')._name_from_tag({
		code,
		link = link,
		-- Without linking, &quot;{{IPA}}&quot; gets expanded in some contexts
		template = '[[Template:IPA|IPA]]'
	})
end

local function linkLang(name, target, link)
	return link == 'yes' and string.format(
		'[[%s|%s]]',
		target or name .. ' language',
		name
	) or name
end

function p._main(args)
	local ret, cats = {}, {}
	local isDebug = args.debug == 'yes'
	local s, langCode, isPrivate, fullLangCode
	
	-- Guide-linking mode
	if args[2] and args[2] ~= '' then
		local data = mw.loadData('Module:IPA/data')
		local isGeneric = args.generic == 'yes'
		s = args[2]
		
		-- Split tag into language and region codes
		langCode = args[1]:gsub('%-.*', ''):lower()
		langCode = resolveSynonym(langCode)
		local regionCode = args[1]:match('%-(.+)')
		local langData = data.langs[langCode] or {}
		if regionCode then
			isPrivate = regionCode:sub(1, 2) == 'x-'
			if not isPrivate then
				regionCode = regionCode:upper()
			end
			if langData.dialects and langData.dialects[regionCode] then
				-- Overwrite language data with the dialect's
				local newLangData = {}
				for k, v in pairs(langData) do
					if k ~= 'dialects' then
						newLangData[k] = v
					end
				end
				local dialectData = langData.dialects[regionCode]
				if dialectData.aliasOf then
					-- Use the canonical region code
					regionCode = dialectData.aliasOf
					dialectData = langData.dialects[regionCode]
				end
				-- Lowercase IANA variant
				if dialectData.isVariant then
					regionCode = regionCode:lower()
				end
				for k, v in pairs(dialectData) do
					newLangData[k] = v
				end
				langData = newLangData
			else
				isGeneric = true
			end
			fullLangCode = langCode .. '-' .. regionCode
		else
			fullLangCode = langCode
		end
		
		local langName = langData.name
			and linkLang(langData.name, langData.link, args.link)
			or getLangName(fullLangCode, args.link)
		if langName:sub(1, 5) == '&lt;span' then
			-- Module:Lang has returned an error
			return langName .. renderCats({ 'IPA template errors' }, isDebug)
		end
		if args.cat ~= 'no' then
			local catLangName = args.link == 'yes'
				and mw.ustring.match(langName, '([^%[|%]]+)%]%]$')
				or langName
			table.insert(cats, string.format('Halaman dengan teks IPA berbahasa %s', catLangName))
		end
		
		-- Label
		local label = args.label
		if not label then
			local labelCode = args[3] and args[3]:lower()
				or langData.defaultLabelCode
			if labelCode == '' then
				label = ''
			else
				local langText
				if langData.text then
					langText = linkLang(
						langData.text,
						mw.ustring.match(langName, '^%[%[([^|%]]+)'),
						args.link
					)
				else
					langText = mw.ustring.gsub(
						langName,
						'^%[%[(([^|]+) languages)%]%]$',
						'[[%1|%2]]'
					)
					langText = mw.ustring.gsub(
						langText,
						' languages(%]?%]?)$',
						'%1'
					)
				end
				if labelCode and data.labels[labelCode] then
					label = data.labels[labelCode]:format(langText)
				else
					label = data.defaultLabel:format(langText)
				end
			end
		end
		if label and label ~= '' then
			local span = mw.html.create('span')
				:addClass('IPA-label')
				:wikitext(label)
			if args.small ~= 'no' then
				span:addClass('IPA-label-small')
				table.insert(ret, mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag({
					name = 'templatestyles',
					args = { src = 'Module:IPA/styles.css' }
				}))
			end
			table.insert(ret, tostring(span) .. ' ')
		end
		
		-- Brackets
		s = (not isGeneric and langData.format or '&amp;#91;%s&amp;#93;'):format(s)
		
		-- Link to key
		local key = not isGeneric and langData.key or data.defaultKey
		s = string.format('[[%s|%s]]', key, s)
	else
		-- Basic mode
		s = args[1]
		if args.cat ~= 'no' then
			table.insert(cats, 'Halaman dengan teks IPA polos')
		end
	end
	
	-- Transcription
	do
		local lang = isPrivate and langCode or fullLangCode or
			args.lang ~= '' and args.lang or 'und'
		local span = mw.html.create('span')
			:addClass('IPA')
			:addClass(args.class)
			:attr('lang', lang .. '-Latn-fonipa')
		-- wrap=all: Do nothing
		-- wrap=none: Never break
		-- Otherwise: Break at spaces only
		if args.wrap ~= 'all' then
			span:addClass('nowrap')
			if args.wrap ~= 'none' then
				s = wrapAtSpacesSafely(s)
			end
		end
		if (not args[2] or args[2] == '') and args.tooltip ~= '' then
			local tooltip = args.tooltip or
				'Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)'
			span:attr('title', tooltip)
		end
		s = tostring(span:wikitext(s))
		table.insert(ret, s)
	end
	
	-- Audio
	local audio = args.audio ~= '' and args.audio or args[4] ~= '' and args[4]
	if audio then
		local button = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate({
			title = 'Audio',
			args = { audio, '' }
		})
		table.insert(ret, ' ' .. button)
		table.insert(cats, 'Halaman dengan sampel pelafalan')
	end
	
	-- Categories
	table.insert(ret, renderCats(cats, isDebug))
	
	return table.concat(ret)
end

function p.main(frame)
	local args = frame:getParent().args
	if not args[1] then
		return ''
	end
	for i, v in ipairs(args) do
		args[i] = mw.text.trim(v)
	end
	return p._main(args)
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>2tl8p3k7svoyo6v9xaxb81ccn0hwlk5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Tree chart</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>2988</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17056</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:55:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;require('strict')  local p = {}  local cells = mw.loadData('Modul:Tree chart/data')  function p._main(cell_args) 	local ret = mw.html.create() 	local top = ret:tag('tr') 						:css{ height = '1px', 								['text-align'] = 'center' } 	local bottom = ret:tag('tr') 						:css{ height = '1px', 								['text-align'] = 'center' } 	for _, v in ipairs(cell_args) do 		if type(v) == 'string' then 			top:wikitext(cells[v].t) 			bottom:wikitext(cells[v].b) 		else 			top:tag('td')...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17056</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="1808" sha1="alvovtim1vj7iktzbmcyh6x26b1581y" xml:space="preserve">require('strict')

local p = {}

local cells = mw.loadData('Modul:Tree chart/data')

function p._main(cell_args)
	local ret = mw.html.create()
	local top = ret:tag('tr')
						:css{ height = '1px',
								['text-align'] = 'center' }
	local bottom = ret:tag('tr')
						:css{ height = '1px',
								['text-align'] = 'center' }
	for _, v in ipairs(cell_args) do
		if type(v) == 'string' then
			top:wikitext(cells[v].t)
			bottom:wikitext(cells[v].b)
		else
			top:tag('td')
				:attr{ colspan = v.colspan or cell_args.colspan or 6,
						rowspan = v.rowspan or cell_args.rowspan or 2 }
				:css{ padding = '0.2em',
						border = (v.border or cell_args.border or '2') .. 'px solid black' }
				:cssText(v.boxstyle or cell_args.boxstyle)
				:wikitext(v.text)
		end
	end
	return tostring(ret)
end

function p.main(frame)
	local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Tree chart', trim = false, removeBlanks = false})
	local cell_args = {
		colspan = args.colspan,
		rowspan = args.rowspan,
		border = args.border,
		boxstyle = args.boxstyle
	}
	for _, val in ipairs(args) do
		local trimmedVal = val:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
		if trimmedVal == '' then
			trimmedVal = '$'
		end
		if cells[trimmedVal] then
			table.insert(cell_args, trimmedVal)
		else
			-- Unnamed params behave weirdly
			-- white space at the front counts for param_{{{1}}}, but not whitespace at the end, so remove it
			local rightTrimmedVal = val:gsub('%s+$','')
			table.insert(cell_args, {
				text = args[trimmedVal] or ('{{{'..trimmedVal..'}}}'),
				colspan = args['colspan_'..rightTrimmedVal],
				rowspan = args['rowspan_'..rightTrimmedVal],
				border = args['border_'..rightTrimmedVal],
				boxstyle = args['boxstyle_'..rightTrimmedVal]
			})
		end
	end
	
	return p._main(cell_args)
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>alvovtim1vj7iktzbmcyh6x26b1581y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:BaseConvert</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>2989</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17057</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T05:56:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;local p = {}  local digits = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'  local function normalizeFullWidthChars(s) 	return mw.ustring.gsub(s, '[！-～]', function(s) 		return mw.ustring.char(mw.ustring.codepoint(s, 1) - 0xFEE0) 	end) end  local function _convert(n, base, from, precision, width, default, prefix, suffix) 	n = tostring(n)  	-- strip off any leading '0x' (unless x is a valid digit in the input base) 	from = tonumber(from) 	if not from or from &lt; 34 then 		local...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17057</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="2918" sha1="pittardebat8getcpz6hwvf6a7wspqr" xml:space="preserve">local p = {}

local digits = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'

local function normalizeFullWidthChars(s)
	return mw.ustring.gsub(s, '[！-～]', function(s)
		return mw.ustring.char(mw.ustring.codepoint(s, 1) - 0xFEE0)
	end)
end

local function _convert(n, base, from, precision, width, default, prefix, suffix)
	n = tostring(n)

	-- strip off any leading '0x' (unless x is a valid digit in the input base)
	from = tonumber(from)
	if not from or from &lt; 34 then
		local c
		n, c = n:gsub('^(-?)0[Xx]', '%1')
		if c &gt; 0 and not from then from = 16 end
	end

	-- check for a negative sign. Do this while the input is still in string form,
	-- because tonumber doesn't support negative numbers in non-10 bases.
	local sign = ''
	local c
	n, c = n:gsub('^-', '')
	if c &gt; 0 then sign = '-' end

	-- replace any full-width Unicode characters in the string with their ASCII equivalents
	n = normalizeFullWidthChars(n)

	-- handle scientific notation with whitespace around the 'e' e.g. '5 e7'
	n = n:gsub('%s*[eE]%s*', 'e')

	from = from or 10
	local num = tonumber(n, from)
	base = tonumber(base)
	precision = tonumber(precision)
	width = tonumber(width)

	if not num or not base then return default or n end

	local i, f = math.modf(num)

	local t = {}
	repeat
		local d = (i % base) + 1
		i = math.floor(i / base)
		table.insert(t, 1, digits:sub(d, d))
	until i == 0
	while #t &lt; (width or 0) do
		table.insert(t, 1, '0')
	end
	local intPart = table.concat(t, '')

	-- compute the fractional part
	local tf = {}
	while f &gt; 0 and #tf &lt; (precision or 10) do
		f = f * base
		i, f = math.modf(f)
		table.insert(tf, digits:sub(i + 1, i + 1))
	end

	-- add trailing zeros if needed
	if precision and #tf &lt; precision then
		for i = 1, precision - #tf do
			table.insert(tf, '0')
		end
	end

	local fracPart = table.concat(tf, '')

	-- remove trailing zeros if not needed
	if not precision then
		fracPart = fracPart:gsub('0*$', '')
	end

	-- add the radix point if needed
	if #fracPart &gt; 0 then
		fracPart = '.' .. fracPart
	end

	return (prefix or '') .. sign .. intPart .. fracPart .. (suffix or '')
end

function p.convert(frame)
	-- Allow for invocation via #invoke or directly from another module
	local args
	if frame == mw.getCurrentFrame() then
		args = frame.args
	else
		args = frame
	end

	local n = args.n
	local base = args.base
	local from = args.from
	local precision = args.precision
	local width = args.width
	local default = args.default
	local prefix = args.prefix
	local suffix = args.suffix
	return _convert(n, base, from, precision, width, default, prefix, suffix)
end

setmetatable(p, {
	__index = function(t, k)
		local from, base = k:match('^([0-9]+)to([0-9]+)$')
		if not from then return nil end
		return function(frame)
			local args = frame.args
			return _convert(mw.text.trim(args[1]), base, from, args.precision, args.width,
				args.default, args.prefix, args.suffix)
		end
	end
})

return p</text>
      <sha1>pittardebat8getcpz6hwvf6a7wspqr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Templat:Greek numeral</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2990</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17058</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:01:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Greek numeral|to_greek|{{{1|1}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17058</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="188" sha1="t4pnkni3ma2km1uccjh96x6xuud55as" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Greek numeral|to_greek|{{{1|1}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>t4pnkni3ma2km1uccjh96x6xuud55as</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Greek numeral</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>2991</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17059</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:02:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;-- Convert standard numbers to greek numerals, and vice versa -- Gts-tg@el wiki, Aug. 2017  local p = {}  local greek_numerals = { 	[&quot;α&quot;]  = 1,    -- ἄλφα / alpha 	[&quot;β&quot;]  = 2,    -- βῆτα / beta  	[&quot;γ&quot;]  = 3,    -- γάμμα / gamma 	[&quot;δ&quot;]  = 4,    -- δέλτα / delta 	[&quot;ε&quot;]  = 5,    -- ἔψιλον / epsilon 	[&quot;Ϛ&quot;]  = 6,    -- δίγαμμα / digamma 	[&quot;ζ&quot;]  = 7,    -- ζῆτα / zeta 	[&quot;η&quot;]  = 8,    -- ῆτα / heta 	[&quot;θ&quot;]  = 9,    -- θῆτα...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17059</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="6161" sha1="1wwb0r15zf76hj8pu0ddjn94b3rkg4h" xml:space="preserve">-- Convert standard numbers to greek numerals, and vice versa
-- Gts-tg@el wiki, Aug. 2017

local p = {}

local greek_numerals = {
	[&quot;α&quot;]  = 1,    -- ἄλφα / alpha
	[&quot;β&quot;]  = 2,    -- βῆτα / beta 
	[&quot;γ&quot;]  = 3,    -- γάμμα / gamma
	[&quot;δ&quot;]  = 4,    -- δέλτα / delta
	[&quot;ε&quot;]  = 5,    -- ἔψιλον / epsilon
	[&quot;Ϛ&quot;]  = 6,    -- δίγαμμα / digamma
	[&quot;ζ&quot;]  = 7,    -- ζῆτα / zeta
	[&quot;η&quot;]  = 8,    -- ῆτα / heta
	[&quot;θ&quot;]  = 9,    -- θῆτα / theta
	[&quot;ι&quot;]  = 10,   -- ιῶτα / iota
	[&quot;κ&quot;]  = 20,   -- κάππα / kappa
	[&quot;λ&quot;]  = 30,   -- λάμδα / lamda
	[&quot;μ&quot;]  = 40,   -- μῦ / mu
	[&quot;ν&quot;]  = 50,   -- νῦ / nu
	[&quot;ξ&quot;]  = 60,   -- ξί / xi
	[&quot;ο&quot;]  = 70,   -- ὄμικρον / omikron
	[&quot;π&quot;]  = 80,   -- πί / pi
	[&quot;ϟ&quot;]  = 90,   -- κόππα / koppa
	[&quot;ρ&quot;]  = 100,  -- ρό / rho
	[&quot;σ&quot;]  = 200,  -- σίγμα / sigma
	[&quot;ς&quot;]  = 200,  -- σίγμα / sigma	(final variation)
	[&quot;τ&quot;]  = 300,  -- ταῦ / ταυ
	[&quot;υ&quot;]  = 400,  -- ύψιλον / ypsilon
	[&quot;φ&quot;]  = 500,  -- φί / phi
	[&quot;χ&quot;]  = 600,  -- χί / chi
	[&quot;ψ&quot;]  = 700,  -- ψί / psi
	[&quot;ω&quot;]  = 800,  -- ὠμέγα / omega
	[&quot;ϡ&quot;]  = 900,  -- σαμπί / sampi
}

-- used for math graph template
local numeral_latin_transliteration = {
	[&quot;α&quot;]  = 'alpha',
	[&quot;β&quot;]  = 'beta',
	[&quot;γ&quot;]  = 'gamma',
	[&quot;δ&quot;]  = 'delta',
	[&quot;ε&quot;]  = 'epsilon',
	[&quot;Ϛ&quot;]  = 'digamma',
	[&quot;ζ&quot;]  = 'zeta',
	[&quot;η&quot;]  = 'eta',
	[&quot;θ&quot;]  = 'theta',
	[&quot;ι&quot;]  = 'iota',
	[&quot;κ&quot;]  = 'kappa',
	[&quot;λ&quot;]  = 'lambda',
	[&quot;μ&quot;]  = 'mu',
	[&quot;ν&quot;]  = 'nu',
	[&quot;ξ&quot;]  = 'xi',
	[&quot;ο&quot;]  = 'omicron',
	[&quot;π&quot;]  = 'pi',
	[&quot;ϟ&quot;]  = 'koppa',
	[&quot;ρ&quot;]  = 'rho',
	[&quot;σ&quot;]  = 'sigma',
	[&quot;ς&quot;]  = 'sigma', --(final variation)
	[&quot;τ&quot;]  = 'tau',
	[&quot;υ&quot;]  = 'upsilon',
	[&quot;φ&quot;]  = 'phi',
	[&quot;χ&quot;]  = 'chi',
	[&quot;ψ&quot;]  = 'psi',
	[&quot;ω&quot;]  = 'omega',
	[&quot;ϡ&quot;]  = 'sampi',
}

-- return number corresponding to letter
-- params: letter (string)
-- return: number
local function value(letter)
	if letter ~= 'Ϛ' and letter ~= 'ϟ' and letter ~= 'ϡ' then
		letter = mw.ustring.lower(letter) 
    end
	
    return greek_numerals[letter]
end

-- letter value * 1000
-- params: letter (string), total (number)
-- return: number
local function thousandth(letter, total)
	
	if letter ~= false then
		total = total - value(letter) -- remove previous addition as simple number
    	total = total + ( value(letter) * 1000 )
    end
    
    return total
end

-- reverse table (index to values, values to index)
-- params: tbl (table)
-- return: table
local function reverse_table(tbl)
   
	local reversedTable = {}

	for letter, value in pairs(tbl) do
        reversedTable[value] = letter
    end
    
	return reversedTable
	    
end

-- special notation for numbers &gt; 9999
local function mu_notation(greek_number, digits)
  local result  = ''
  local postfix = ''
  
  -- digits greater than 9999
  for index, digit in pairs(digits) do
  	-- mw.log(digit)
     result = result .. '\\' .. numeral_latin_transliteration[digit]
     
     greek_number = greek_number:gsub(digit, &quot;&quot;, 1)
  end
  
  if greek_number ~= '' then -- if not all digits are multiples of myriad
     postfix = 	&quot;͵&quot; .. greek_number .. &quot;´&quot;
  end
  
  result = '&lt;math&gt;\\stackrel{' .. result .. '}{\\Mu}&lt;/math&gt;' .. postfix
  
  return result	
end

-- convert standard number to greek
-- params: frame (obj)
-- return: string
function p.to_greek(frame)
	local number = frame.args[1]
	local tbl = null
	local result = ''
	local big_values = {}
	local m_notation = false
	
	if tonumber(number) &gt; 9999  then 
 	   m_notation = true
    end
	
	tbl = reverse_table(greek_numerals) -- reverse to [&lt;number&gt;] = '&lt;letter&gt;'
	
 	if tbl[number] ~= null then 
 		result = tbl[number] -- direct hit 
 	else
 		local str_number = tostring(number)
 		local highest_numeric_position = #str_number
 		local i = 0
 		local index = ''
 		
 		for digit in str_number:gmatch&quot;.&quot; do -- break up number digits
 			highest_numeric_position = highest_numeric_position - 1
 			
 			if tonumber(digit) &gt; 0 then
 			    index = tonumber(digit .. mw.ustring.rep('0', highest_numeric_position))
 			    
	 			if highest_numeric_position &gt;= 3 then
	 			   
	 			   match = false
	 			   while match == false do
	 			   
	 			      if index &lt; 1 then index = index * 10 end
	 			      	
	 			      if tbl[index] == nil then
	 			      	 index = index / 10000
	 			      else
	 			      	result = result .. tostring(tbl[tonumber(index)])
	 			      	match = true
	 			      end
	 			   end
	 			   
	 		 	   if highest_numeric_position &gt; 3 then table.insert(big_values, tbl[tonumber(index)]) end
	 		 	   
	 		 	else
	 		 	   result = result .. tostring(tbl[tonumber(index)])
	 		 	end
	 		end
 		end
 		--local d = require &quot;Module:Debugging&quot;
 		--mw.log(result)
 		--mw.log(d.dump(big_values))
 	end
	
 	if m_notation == true then --special notation
 		
 		result = mu_notation(result, big_values)
 		local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
 		result = frame:preprocess(result)
 	else
 		if tonumber(number) &gt;= 1000 then result = ',' .. result end
 		result = mw.ustring.upper(result) .. &quot;´&quot;
 	end
 	
 	return result
	
end

-- convert greek number to standard
-- greek number sample for testing: αωκα´ = 1821
-- params: frame (obj)
-- return: number
function p.to_standard(frame)
	local greek_number = frame.args[1]
	local total = 0
	local thousand_flag = false
	local prev_letter = false
	
	greek_number = greek_number:gsub(&quot;´&quot;, &quot;&quot;)
	
	if type(greek_number) ~= 'string' then 
		return 'Error: value ' .. greek_number .. ' is ' .. type(greek_number) .. ' instead of expected string'  
	end
	
	-- iterate through letters
	for letter in mw.ustring.gmatch(greek_number, &quot;.&quot;) do
	  
		    -- check if thousand marker exists
		    if letter == &quot;,&quot; then 
		    	thousand_flag = true
            else
        	    if thousand_flag == true then
                    total = thousandth(letter, total)   	
        	    	thousand_flag = false
        	    end 
        	    
        	    total = total + value(letter)
        	    prev_letter = letter
        	end
    end
    
    if thousand_flag == true then
       total = thousandth(prev_letter, total)	
    end
	
	return total
end	

return p</text>
      <sha1>1wwb0r15zf76hj8pu0ddjn94b3rkg4h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Templat:Rn</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2992</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17060</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:04:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{&lt;includeonly&gt;safesubst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;ifsubst|1=|2=&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Roman numeral/styles.css&quot; /&gt;}}&lt;span class=&quot;roman-numeral {{#if:{{{border|}}}|roman-numeral-{{#switch: {{{border}}}  | a | all = a  | t | top = t  | v | vertical   = v  | h | horizontal = h  | vt | tv | vertical-top | top-vertical = tv }}}}&quot; title=&quot;Roman numeral&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}}  &lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17060</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="393" sha1="bkrpddxuyl0aca0yr3oex5kd7h37kr3" xml:space="preserve">{{&lt;includeonly&gt;safesubst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;ifsubst|1=|2=&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Roman numeral/styles.css&quot; /&gt;}}&lt;span class=&quot;roman-numeral {{#if:{{{border|}}}|roman-numeral-{{#switch: {{{border}}}
 | a | all = a
 | t | top = t
 | v | vertical   = v
 | h | horizontal = h
 | vt | tv | vertical-top | top-vertical = tv
}}}}&quot; title=&quot;Roman numeral&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}

&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>bkrpddxuyl0aca0yr3oex5kd7h37kr3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Templat:Roman numeral/styles.css</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2993</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17061</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:04:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;/* {{pp-template}} */ .roman-numeral { 	font-family: &quot;Nimbus Roman No9 L&quot;, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; 	font-size: 118%; 	line-height: 1;	 }  .roman-numeral-a { 	border: 1px solid; }  .roman-numeral-t { 	border-top: 1px solid; }  .roman-numeral-v { 	border: solid; 	border-width: 0 1px; 	padding: 0 2px; }  .roman-numeral-h { 	border: solid; 	border-width: 1px 0; }  .roman-numeral-tv { 	border: 1px solid; 	border-bottom: none; 	padding: 0 2px; }&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17061</origin>
      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="452" sha1="lo4ttxrj6apq7b07hjxmxb34routmi1" xml:space="preserve">/* {{pp-template}} */
.roman-numeral {
	font-family: &quot;Nimbus Roman No9 L&quot;, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif;
	font-size: 118%;
	line-height: 1;	
}

.roman-numeral-a {
	border: 1px solid;
}

.roman-numeral-t {
	border-top: 1px solid;
}

.roman-numeral-v {
	border: solid;
	border-width: 0 1px;
	padding: 0 2px;
}

.roman-numeral-h {
	border: solid;
	border-width: 1px 0;
}

.roman-numeral-tv {
	border: 1px solid;
	border-bottom: none;
	padding: 0 2px;
}</text>
      <sha1>lo4ttxrj6apq7b07hjxmxb34routmi1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Templat:Roman</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2994</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17062</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:09:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{&lt;includeonly&gt;safesubst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;ifsubst|1=|2=&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Roman numeral/styles.css&quot; /&gt;}}&lt;span class=&quot;roman-numeral {{#if:{{{border|}}}|roman-numeral-{{#switch: {{{border}}}  | a | all = a  | t | top = t  | v | vertical   = v  | h | horizontal = h  | vt | tv | vertical-top | top-vertical = tv }}}}&quot; title=&quot;Roman numeral&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}}  &lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17062</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="393" sha1="bkrpddxuyl0aca0yr3oex5kd7h37kr3" xml:space="preserve">{{&lt;includeonly&gt;safesubst:&lt;/includeonly&gt;ifsubst|1=|2=&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Roman numeral/styles.css&quot; /&gt;}}&lt;span class=&quot;roman-numeral {{#if:{{{border|}}}|roman-numeral-{{#switch: {{{border}}}
 | a | all = a
 | t | top = t
 | v | vertical   = v
 | h | horizontal = h
 | vt | tv | vertical-top | top-vertical = tv
}}}}&quot; title=&quot;Roman numeral&quot;&gt;{{{1}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}

&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>bkrpddxuyl0aca0yr3oex5kd7h37kr3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Templat:Infobox number/range</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2995</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17063</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:11:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt; &lt;!-- --&gt; {{#invoke:string|replace|{{#invoke:string|replace|{{#ifexpr:{{{1|-1}}} &lt; 300 | {{for nowiki| |&lt;nowiki&gt;[[{{#expr: (floor({{{number}}} div {{{factor}}})) * {{{factor}}}+({{{1}}}*{{{factor}}} div 10)}} (number)|{{#switch:{{{1}}}|-1={{#ifexpr:(floor({{{number}}} div 10)) = 0|-1|←}}|10=→|#default={{#expr:(floor({{{number}}} div {{{factor}}})) * {{{factor}}}+({{{1}}}*{{{factor}}} div 10)}}}}]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;|-1|0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10|num...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17063</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2415" sha1="7nq8xt6yzbn94qt5v3d91zfofpjtyln" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt; &lt;!--
--&gt; {{#invoke:string|replace|{{#invoke:string|replace|{{#ifexpr:{{{1|-1}}} &lt; 300 | {{for nowiki| |&lt;nowiki&gt;[[{{#expr: (floor({{{number}}} div {{{factor}}})) * {{{factor}}}+({{{1}}}*{{{factor}}} div 10)}} (number)|{{#switch:{{{1}}}|-1={{#ifexpr:(floor({{{number}}} div 10)) = 0|-1|←}}|10=→|#default={{#expr:(floor({{{number}}} div {{{factor}}})) * {{{factor}}}+({{{1}}}*{{{factor}}} div 10)}}}}]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;|-1|0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10|number={{max|{{{1|-1}}}|0}}|factor={{#ifexpr:{{{1|-1}}} &lt; 300|10|100}}}}}}|-|−}}|(%[−?%d) %(number%)|%1|plain=false}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt; &lt;!--
--&gt;{{hlist|[[List of numbers]]|[[Integer]]s}}&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;{{#ifexpr:{{{1|-2}}} &gt;= -1
  | {{#ifexpr:{{{1}}} &lt; 100
     | [[Negative number|←]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[0]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10|10]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[20 (number)|20]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[30 (number)|30]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[40 (number)|40]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[50 (number)|50]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[60 (number)|60]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[70 (number)|70]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[80 (number)|80]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[90 (number)|90]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100 (number)|→]]
   | {{#ifexpr:{{{1}}} &lt; 1000
     |  &lt;!--
--&gt;[[Negative number|←]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[0|0]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100|100]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[200 (number)|200]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[300 (number)|300]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[400 (number)|400]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[500 (number)|500]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[600 (number)|600]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[700 (number)|700]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[800 (number)|800]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[900 (number)|900]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1000 (number)|→]]
     | {{#ifexpr:{{{1}}} &lt; 100000
        |  &lt;!--
--&gt;[[Negative number|←]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[0]] &lt;!--
--&gt;{{for nowiki| |&lt;nowiki&gt;[[{{target of|{{#expr:{{{1}}}*{{{factor}}}*1000}} (number)}}|{{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|10|→|{{#expr:{{{1}}}*{{{factor}}}}}k}}]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10|factor={{#ifexpr:{{{1}}}&gt;=10000|10|1}}}}
       |[[0|←]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1|10&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10|10&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100|10&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1000 (number)|10&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10,000|10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100,000|10&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1,000,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10,000,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100,000,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1,000,000,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10,000,000,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;]]
        }}
     }}
  }}
}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>7nq8xt6yzbn94qt5v3d91zfofpjtyln</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17066</id>
      <parentid>17063</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:18:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17066</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2422" sha1="twaxbkf7f581twm4hnks1dc4udykd9l" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt; &lt;!--
--&gt; {{#invoke:string|replace|{{#invoke:string|replace|{{#ifexpr:{{{1|-1}}} &lt; 300 | {{for nowiki| |&lt;nowiki&gt;[[{{#expr: (floor({{{number}}} div {{{factor}}})) * {{{factor}}}+({{{1}}}*{{{factor}}} div 10)}} (number)|{{#switch:{{{1}}}|-1={{#ifexpr:(floor({{{number}}} div 10)) = 0|-1|←}}|10=→|#default={{#expr:(floor({{{number}}} div {{{factor}}})) * {{{factor}}}+({{{1}}}*{{{factor}}} div 10)}}}}]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;|-1|0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10|number={{max|{{{1|-1}}}|0}}|factor={{#ifexpr:{{{1|-1}}} &lt; 300|10|100}}}}}}|-|−}}|(%[−?%d) %(number%)|%1|plain=false}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt; &lt;!--
--&gt;{{hlist|[[Daptar bilangan]]|[[Bilangan bulat]]s}}&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;{{#ifexpr:{{{1|-2}}} &gt;= -1
  | {{#ifexpr:{{{1}}} &lt; 100
     | [[Negative number|←]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[0]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10|10]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[20 (number)|20]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[30 (number)|30]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[40 (number)|40]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[50 (number)|50]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[60 (number)|60]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[70 (number)|70]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[80 (number)|80]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[90 (number)|90]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100 (number)|→]]
   | {{#ifexpr:{{{1}}} &lt; 1000
     |  &lt;!--
--&gt;[[Negative number|←]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[0|0]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100|100]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[200 (number)|200]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[300 (number)|300]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[400 (number)|400]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[500 (number)|500]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[600 (number)|600]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[700 (number)|700]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[800 (number)|800]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[900 (number)|900]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1000 (number)|→]]
     | {{#ifexpr:{{{1}}} &lt; 100000
        |  &lt;!--
--&gt;[[Negative number|←]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[0]] &lt;!--
--&gt;{{for nowiki| |&lt;nowiki&gt;[[{{target of|{{#expr:{{{1}}}*{{{factor}}}*1000}} (number)}}|{{#ifeq:{{{1}}}|10|→|{{#expr:{{{1}}}*{{{factor}}}}}k}}]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10|factor={{#ifexpr:{{{1}}}&gt;=10000|10|1}}}}
       |[[0|←]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1|10&lt;sup&gt;0&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10|10&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100|10&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1000 (number)|10&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10,000|10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100,000|10&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1,000,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10,000,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[100,000,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[1,000,000,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;]] &lt;!--
--&gt;[[10,000,000,000,000|10&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;]]
        }}
     }}
  }}
}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>twaxbkf7f581twm4hnks1dc4udykd9l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Templat:For nowiki</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2996</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17064</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:12:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;includeonly&gt;{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke: For nowiki|main}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17064</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="113" sha1="52mhddapimx93jghmt2q2pukluxpwb8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{{{{|safesubst:}}}#invoke: For nowiki|main}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>52mhddapimx93jghmt2q2pukluxpwb8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:For nowiki</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>2997</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17065</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:17:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;local p = {}  local function doLoop(frame, args, code, sep, offset, argstosub) 	local result = {} 	code = mw.text.unstripNoWiki(code) 	code = code:gsub('&amp;lt;', '&lt;'):gsub('&amp;gt;', '&gt;') 	for i, value in ipairs(args) do 		if i &gt; offset then 			argstosub[&quot;i&quot;] = i - offset 			argstosub[&quot;1&quot;] = value 			local actualCode = code:gsub(&quot;{{{([^{}|]*)|?[^{}]*}}}&quot;, argstosub) 			table.insert(result, frame:preprocess(actualCode)) 		end 	end 	if frame.args.conjunction then 		return mw.te...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17065</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="1385" sha1="e2lejejozty6lsp51geqvnus12f6dym" xml:space="preserve">local p = {}

local function doLoop(frame, args, code, sep, offset, argstosub)
	local result = {}
	code = mw.text.unstripNoWiki(code)
	code = code:gsub('&amp;lt;', '&lt;'):gsub('&amp;gt;', '&gt;')
	for i, value in ipairs(args) do
		if i &gt; offset then
			argstosub[&quot;i&quot;] = i - offset
			argstosub[&quot;1&quot;] = value
			local actualCode = code:gsub(&quot;{{{([^{}|]*)|?[^{}]*}}}&quot;, argstosub)
			table.insert(result, frame:preprocess(actualCode))
		end
	end
	if frame.args.conjunction then
		return mw.text.listToText(result, sep, frame.args.conjunction)
	else
		return table.concat(result, sep)
	end
end

function p.main(frame)
	local args = frame:getParent().args
	local sep = args[1]
	local code = args.code or args[2]
	local offset = args.code and 1 or 2
	local start = args.start or 1
	local argstosub = {}
	for key, value in pairs(args) do
		if not tonumber(key) and key ~= &quot;i&quot; and key ~= &quot;count&quot; then
			argstosub[key] = value
		end
	end
	local countArg = args.count and tonumber(args.count);
	if countArg then
		offset = 0
		args = {}
		for i = 1, countArg do
		   args[i] = i + start - 1
		end
	end
	return doLoop(frame, args, code, sep, offset, argstosub)
end
function p.template(frame) 
	local sep = frame.args[1]
	local code = frame.args[2] or frame.args.code
	local offset = tonumber(frame.args.offset) or 0
	return doLoop(frame:getParent(), frame:getParent().args, code, sep, offset, {})
end
return p</text>
      <sha1>e2lejejozty6lsp51geqvnus12f6dym</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Templat:Infobox number/link</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>2998</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17067</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:20:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{#if:{{{plain|}}}   | {{#invoke:String|replace|{{{number|0}}}|-|−}}   | {{#ifexist:{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{number|0}}}|-|−}} (number)        | [[{{Target of|{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{number|0}}}|-|−}} (number)}}|{{{pre|}}} {{#invoke:String|replace|{{{number|0}}}|-|−}} {{{post|}}}]]        | {{{pre|}}} {{#invoke:String|replace|{{{number|0}}}|-|−}} {{{post|}}}     }} }}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation|content= == Test 1 == * {{tlc|Infobox number/link|number{{=}...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17067</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2168" sha1="i5ogi9826iuosctmtyqemq88plqnzro" xml:space="preserve">{{#if:{{{plain|}}}
  | {{#invoke:String|replace|{{{number|0}}}|-|−}}
  | {{#ifexist:{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{number|0}}}|-|−}} (number)
       | [[{{Target of|{{#invoke:String|replace|{{{number|0}}}|-|−}} (number)}}|{{{pre|}}} {{#invoke:String|replace|{{{number|0}}}|-|−}} {{{post|}}}]]
       | {{{pre|}}} {{#invoke:String|replace|{{{number|0}}}|-|−}} {{{post|}}}
    }}
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation|content=
== Test 1 ==
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|number{{=}}-3}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|number=-3}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|number{{=}}-2}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|number=-2}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|number{{=}}-1}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|number=-1}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|number{{=}}0}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|number=0}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|number{{=}}1}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|number=1}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|number{{=}}2}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|number=2}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|number{{=}}10}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|number=10}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|number{{=}}11}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|number=11}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|number{{=}}12}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|number=12}}
== Test 2 ==
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|plain{{=}}y|number{{=}}-3}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|plain=y|number=-3}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|plain{{=}}y|number{{=}}-2}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|plain=y|number=-2}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|plain{{=}}y|number{{=}}-1}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|plain=y|number=-1}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|plain{{=}}y|number{{=}}0}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|plain=y|number=0}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|plain{{=}}y|number{{=}}1}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|plain=y|number=1}}
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|plain{{=}}y|number{{=}}2}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|plain=y|number=2}}
== Test 3 ==
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|pre{{=}}&amp;rarr;|post{{=}}&amp;larr;|number{{=}}1}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|pre=&amp;rarr;|post=&amp;larr;|number=1}}
== Test 4 ==
* {{tlc|Infobox number/link|plain{{=}}y|pre{{=}}&amp;rarr;|post{{=}}&amp;larr;|number{{=}}1}} &amp;rarr; {{Infobox number/link|plain=y|pre=&amp;rarr;|post=&amp;larr;|number=1}}
}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>i5ogi9826iuosctmtyqemq88plqnzro</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Template link general</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>2999</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17068</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:24:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;-- This implements Template:Template link general and various other templates in its family local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs local p = {}  -- Is a string non-empty? local function _ne(s)  	return s ~= nil and s ~= &quot;&quot; end  local nw = mw.text.nowiki  local function addTemplate(s) 	local i, _ = s:find(':', 1, true) 	if i == nil then 		return 'Template:' .. s 	end 	local ns = s:sub(1, i - 1) 	if ns == '' or mw.site.namespaces[ns] then 		return s 	else 		re...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17068</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="4431" sha1="eq1il0gmw32087nl1ce4bzyifl7zrrz" xml:space="preserve">-- This implements Template:Template link general and various other templates in its family
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs
local p = {}

-- Is a string non-empty?
local function _ne(s) 
	return s ~= nil and s ~= &quot;&quot;
end

local nw = mw.text.nowiki

local function addTemplate(s)
	local i, _ = s:find(':', 1, true)
	if i == nil then
		return 'Template:' .. s
	end
	local ns = s:sub(1, i - 1)
	if ns == '' or mw.site.namespaces[ns] then
		return s
	else
		return 'Template:' .. s
	end
end

local function trimTemplate(s)
	local needle = 'template:'
	if s:sub(1, needle:len()):lower() == needle then
		return s:sub(needle:len() + 1)	
	else
		return s
	end
end

-- Builds the link part
local function linkTitle(args)
	local titleObj
	if args['1'] then
		-- This handles :Page and other NS
		titleObj = mw.title.new(args['1'], 'Template')
	else
		titleObj = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	end

	local textPart = args.alttext
	if not _ne(textPart) then
		if titleObj ~= nil then
			textPart = titleObj:inNamespace(&quot;Template&quot;) and args['1'] or titleObj.fullText
		else
			-- redlink
			textPart = args['1']
		end
	end
	
	if _ne(args.subst) then
		-- HACK: the ns thing above is probably broken
		textPart = 'subst:' .. textPart
	end
	
	if _ne(args.brace) then
		textPart = nw('{{') .. textPart .. nw('}}')
	elseif _ne(args.braceinside) then
		textPart = nw('{') .. textPart .. nw('}')
	end

	local titlePart
	if _ne(args.nolink) then
		titlePart = textPart
	else
		titlePart = '[[' .. (titleObj ~= nil and titleObj.fullText or addTemplate(args['1'])) ..
			'|' .. textPart .. ']]'
	end
	if _ne(args.braceinside) then
		titlePart = nw('{') .. titlePart .. nw('}')
	end
	local bold = _ne(args.bold) or _ne(args.boldlink) or _ne(args.boldname)
	if bold then
		titlePart = &quot;'''&quot; .. titlePart .. &quot;'''&quot;
	end
	if _ne(args.nowrapname) then
		titlePart = '&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;' .. titlePart .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	end
	return titlePart
end

function p.main(frame)
	local args = getArgs(frame, {
		trim = true,
		removeBlanks = false
	})
	return p._main(args)
end

function p._main(args)
	local italic = _ne(args.italic) or _ne(args.italics)
	local dontBrace = _ne(args.brace) or _ne(args.braceinside)
	local code = _ne(args.code) or _ne(args.tt)
	local show_result = _ne(args._show_result)
	local expand = _ne(args._expand)
	
	local titlePart = linkTitle(args)
	
	-- Build the arguments
	local textPart = &quot;&quot;
	local textPartBuffer = &quot;&amp;#124;&quot;
	local codeArguments = {}
	local codeArgumentsString = &quot;&quot;
	local i = 2
	local j = 1
	while args[i] do
		local val = args[i]
		if val ~= &quot;&quot; then
			if _ne(args.nowiki) then
				-- Unstrip nowiki tags first because calling nw on something that already contains nowiki tags will
				-- mangle the nowiki strip marker and result in literal UNIQ...QINU showing up
				val = nw(mw.text.unstripNoWiki(val))
			end
			local k, v = string.match(val, &quot;(.*)=(.*)&quot;)
			if not k then
				codeArguments[j] = val
				j = j + 1
			else
				codeArguments[k] = v
			end
			codeArgumentsString = codeArgumentsString .. textPartBuffer .. val
			if italic then
				val = '&lt;span style=&quot;font-style:italic;&quot;&gt;' .. val .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
			end
			textPart = textPart .. textPartBuffer .. val
		end
		i = i + 1
	end

	-- final wrap
	local ret = titlePart .. textPart
	if not dontBrace then ret = nw('{{') .. ret .. nw('}}') end
	if _ne(args.a) then ret = nw('*') .. '&amp;nbsp;' .. ret end
	if _ne(args.kbd) then ret = '&lt;kbd&gt;' .. ret .. '&lt;/kbd&gt;' end
	if code then
		ret = '&lt;code&gt;' .. ret .. '&lt;/code&gt;'
	elseif _ne(args.plaincode) then
		ret = '&lt;code style=&quot;border:none;background:transparent;color:inherit&quot;&gt;' .. ret .. '&lt;/code&gt;'
	end
	if _ne(args.nowrap) then ret = '&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;' .. ret .. '&lt;/span&gt;' end
	
	--[[ Wrap as html?? 
	local span = mw.html.create('span')
	span:wikitext(ret)
	--]]
	if _ne(args.debug) then ret = ret .. '\n&lt;pre&gt;' .. mw.text.encode(mw.dumpObject(args)) .. '&lt;/pre&gt;' end

	if show_result then
		if _ne(args.nocat) then codeArguments['nocat'] = true end
		local result = mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title = addTemplate(args[1]), args = codeArguments}
		ret = ret .. &quot; → &quot; .. result
	end

	if expand then
		local query = mw.text.encode('{{' .. addTemplate(args[1]) .. string.gsub(codeArgumentsString, textPartBuffer, &quot;|&quot;) .. '}}')
		local url = mw.uri.fullUrl('special:ExpandTemplates', 'wpInput=' .. query)
		mw.log()
		ret = ret .. &quot; [&quot; .. tostring(url) .. &quot;]&quot;
	end

	return ret
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>eq1il0gmw32087nl1ce4bzyifl7zrrz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:ConvertNumeric</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3000</id>
    <revision>
      <id>17072</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:30:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;-- Module for converting between different representations of numbers. See talk page for user documentation. -- For unit tests see: [[Module:ConvertNumeric/testcases]] -- When editing, preview with: [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/testcases]] -- First, edit [[Module:ConvertNumeric/sandbox]], then preview with [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/sandbox/testcases]] require('strict')  local ones_position = { 	[0] = 'zero', 	[1] = 'one', 	[2] = 'two', 	[3] = 'three', 	[4] = 'four',...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>17072</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="23324" sha1="pnyw663d8z474xbg4qqu86tb8s9yiu2" xml:space="preserve">-- Module for converting between different representations of numbers. See talk page for user documentation.
-- For unit tests see: [[Module:ConvertNumeric/testcases]]
-- When editing, preview with: [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/testcases]]
-- First, edit [[Module:ConvertNumeric/sandbox]], then preview with [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/sandbox/testcases]]
require('strict')

local ones_position = {
	[0] = 'zero',
	[1] = 'one',
	[2] = 'two',
	[3] = 'three',
	[4] = 'four',
	[5] = 'five',
	[6] = 'six',
	[7] = 'seven',
	[8] = 'eight',
	[9] = 'nine',
	[10] = 'ten',
	[11] = 'eleven',
	[12] = 'twelve',
	[13] = 'thirteen',
	[14] = 'fourteen',
	[15] = 'fifteen',
	[16] = 'sixteen',
	[17] = 'seventeen',
	[18] = 'eighteen',
	[19] = 'nineteen'
}

local ones_position_ord = {
	[0] = 'zeroth',
	[1] = 'first',
	[2] = 'second',
	[3] = 'third',
	[4] = 'fourth',
	[5] = 'fifth',
	[6] = 'sixth',
	[7] = 'seventh',
	[8] = 'eighth',
	[9] = 'ninth',
	[10] = 'tenth',
	[11] = 'eleventh',
	[12] = 'twelfth',
	[13] = 'thirteenth',
	[14] = 'fourteenth',
	[15] = 'fifteenth',
	[16] = 'sixteenth',
	[17] = 'seventeenth',
	[18] = 'eighteenth',
	[19] = 'nineteenth'
}

local ones_position_plural = {
	[0] = 'zeros',
	[1] = 'ones',
	[2] = 'twos',
	[3] = 'threes',
	[4] = 'fours',
	[5] = 'fives',
	[6] = 'sixes',
	[7] = 'sevens',
	[8] = 'eights',
	[9] = 'nines',
	[10] = 'tens',
	[11] = 'elevens',
	[12] = 'twelves',
	[13] = 'thirteens',
	[14] = 'fourteens',
	[15] = 'fifteens',
	[16] = 'sixteens',
	[17] = 'seventeens',
	[18] = 'eighteens',
	[19] = 'nineteens'
}

local tens_position = {
	[2] = 'twenty',
	[3] = 'thirty',
	[4] = 'forty',
	[5] = 'fifty',
	[6] = 'sixty',
	[7] = 'seventy',
	[8] = 'eighty',
	[9] = 'ninety'
}

local tens_position_ord = {
	[2] = 'twentieth',
	[3] = 'thirtieth',
	[4] = 'fortieth',
	[5] = 'fiftieth',
	[6] = 'sixtieth',
	[7] = 'seventieth',
	[8] = 'eightieth',
	[9] = 'ninetieth'
}

local tens_position_plural = {
	[2] = 'twenties',
	[3] = 'thirties',
	[4] = 'forties',
	[5] = 'fifties',
	[6] = 'sixties',
	[7] = 'seventies',
	[8] = 'eighties',
	[9] = 'nineties'
}

local groups = {
	[1] = 'thousand',
	[2] = 'million',
	[3] = 'billion',
	[4] = 'trillion',
	[5] = 'quadrillion',
	[6] = 'quintillion',
	[7] = 'sextillion',
	[8] = 'septillion',
	[9] = 'octillion',
	[10] = 'nonillion',
	[11] = 'decillion',
	[12] = 'undecillion',
	[13] = 'duodecillion',
	[14] = 'tredecillion',
	[15] = 'quattuordecillion',
	[16] = 'quindecillion',
	[17] = 'sexdecillion',
	[18] = 'septendecillion',
	[19] = 'octodecillion',
	[20] = 'novemdecillion',
	[21] = 'vigintillion',
	[22] = 'unvigintillion',
	[23] = 'duovigintillion',
	[24] = 'tresvigintillion',
	[25] = 'quattuorvigintillion',
	[26] = 'quinquavigintillion',
	[27] = 'sesvigintillion',
	[28] = 'septemvigintillion',
	[29] = 'octovigintillion',
	[30] = 'novemvigintillion',
	[31] = 'trigintillion',
	[32] = 'untrigintillion',
	[33] = 'duotrigintillion',
	[34] = 'trestrigintillion',
	[35] = 'quattuortrigintillion',
	[36] = 'quinquatrigintillion',
	[37] = 'sestrigintillion',
	[38] = 'septentrigintillion',
	[39] = 'octotrigintillion',
	[40] = 'noventrigintillion',
	[41] = 'quadragintillion',
	[51] = 'quinquagintillion',
	[61] = 'sexagintillion',
	[71] = 'septuagintillion',
	[81] = 'octogintillion',
	[91] = 'nonagintillion',
	[101] = 'centillion',
	[102] = 'uncentillion',
	[103] = 'duocentillion',
	[104] = 'trescentillion',
	[111] = 'decicentillion',
	[112] = 'undecicentillion',
	[121] = 'viginticentillion',
	[122] = 'unviginticentillion',
	[131] = 'trigintacentillion',
	[141] = 'quadragintacentillion',
	[151] = 'quinquagintacentillion',
	[161] = 'sexagintacentillion',
	[171] = 'septuagintacentillion',
	[181] = 'octogintacentillion',
	[191] = 'nonagintacentillion',
	[201] = 'ducentillion',
	[301] = 'trecentillion',
	[401] = 'quadringentillion',
	[501] = 'quingentillion',
	[601] = 'sescentillion',
	[701] = 'septingentillion',
	[801] = 'octingentillion',
	[901] = 'nongentillion',
	[1001] = 'millinillion',
}

local roman_numerals = {
	I = 1,
	V = 5,
	X = 10,
	L = 50,
	C = 100,
	D = 500,
	M = 1000
}

local engord_tens_end  = {
	['twentieth']	= 20,
	['thirtieth']	= 30,
	['fortieth']	= 40,
	['fiftieth']	= 50,
	['sixtieth']	= 60,
	['seventieth']	= 70,
	['eightieth']	= 80,
	['ninetieth']	= 90,
}

local eng_tens_cont = {
	['twenty']	= 20,
	['thirty']	= 30,
	['forty']	= 40,
	['fifty']	= 50,
	['sixty']	= 60,
	['seventy']	= 70,
	['eighty']	= 80,
	['ninety']	= 90,
}

-- Converts a given valid roman numeral (and some invalid roman numerals) to a number. Returns { -1, errorstring } on error.
local function roman_to_numeral(roman)
	if type(roman) ~= &quot;string&quot; then return -1, &quot;roman numeral not a string&quot; end
	local rev = roman:reverse()
	local raising = true
	local last = 0
	local result = 0
	for i = 1, #rev do
		local c = rev:sub(i, i)
		local next = roman_numerals[c]
		if next == nil then return -1, &quot;roman numeral contains illegal character &quot; .. c end
		if next &gt; last then
			result = result + next
			raising = true
		elseif next &lt; last then
			result = result - next
			raising = false
		elseif raising then
			result = result + next
		else
			result = result - next
		end
		last = next
	end
	return result
end

-- Converts a given integer between 0 and 100 to English text (e.g. 47 -&gt; forty-seven).
local function numeral_to_english_less_100(num, ordinal, plural, zero)
	local terminal_ones, terminal_tens
	if ordinal then
		terminal_ones = ones_position_ord
		terminal_tens = tens_position_ord
	elseif plural then
		terminal_ones = ones_position_plural
		terminal_tens = tens_position_plural
	else
		terminal_ones = ones_position
		terminal_tens = tens_position
	end

	if num == 0 and zero ~= nil then
		return zero
	elseif num &lt; 20 then
		return terminal_ones[num]
	elseif num % 10 == 0 then
		return terminal_tens[num / 10]
	else
		return tens_position[math.floor(num / 10)] .. '-' .. terminal_ones[num % 10]
	end
end

local function standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	if ordinal then return 'th' end
	if plural then return 's' end
	return ''
end

-- Converts a given integer (in string form) between 0 and 1000 to English text (e.g. 47 -&gt; forty-seven).
local function numeral_to_english_less_1000(num, use_and, ordinal, plural, zero)
	num = tonumber(num)
	if num &lt; 100 then
		return numeral_to_english_less_100(num, ordinal, plural, zero)
	elseif num % 100 == 0 then
		return ones_position[num/100] .. ' hundred' .. standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	else
		return ones_position[math.floor(num/100)] .. ' hundred ' .. (use_and and 'and ' or '') .. numeral_to_english_less_100(num % 100, ordinal, plural, zero)
	end
end

-- Converts an ordinal in English text from 'zeroth' to 'ninety-ninth' inclusive to a number [0–99], else -1.
local function english_to_ordinal(english)
	local eng = string.lower(english or '')

	local engord_lt20 = {} -- ones_position_ord{} keys &amp; values swapped
	for k, v in pairs( ones_position_ord ) do
		engord_lt20[v] = k
	end

	if engord_lt20[eng] then
		return engord_lt20[eng] -- e.g. first -&gt; 1
	elseif engord_tens_end[eng] then
		return engord_tens_end[eng] -- e.g. ninetieth -&gt; 90
	else
		local tens, ones = string.match(eng, '^([a-z]+)[%s%-]+([a-z]+)$')
		if tens and ones then
			local tens_cont = eng_tens_cont[tens]
			local ones_end  = engord_lt20[ones]
			if tens_cont and ones_end then
				return tens_cont + ones_end -- e.g. ninety-ninth -&gt; 99
			end
		end
	end
	return -1 -- Failed
end

-- Converts a number in English text from 'zero' to 'ninety-nine' inclusive to a number [0–99], else -1.
local function english_to_numeral(english)
	local eng = string.lower(english or '')

	local eng_lt20 = { ['single'] = 1 } -- ones_position{} keys &amp; values swapped
	for k, v in pairs( ones_position ) do
		eng_lt20[v] = k
	end

	if eng_lt20[eng] then
		return eng_lt20[eng] -- e.g. one -&gt; 1
	elseif eng_tens_cont[eng] then
		return eng_tens_cont[eng] -- e.g. ninety -&gt; 90
	else
		local tens, ones = string.match(eng, '^([a-z]+)[%s%-]+([a-z]+)$')
		if tens and ones then
			local tens_cont = eng_tens_cont[tens]
			local ones_end  = eng_lt20[ones]
			if tens_cont and ones_end then
				return tens_cont + ones_end -- e.g. ninety-nine -&gt; 99
			end
		end
	end
	return -1 -- Failed
end

-- Converts a number expressed as a string in scientific notation to a string in standard decimal notation
-- e.g. 1.23E5 -&gt; 123000, 1.23E-5 = .0000123. Conversion is exact, no rounding is performed.
local function scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	local exponent, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]([+%-]?%d+)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if subs == 0 then return num end  -- Input not in scientific notation, just return unmodified
	exponent = tonumber(exponent)

	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	local _, decimal_pos = num:find(&quot;%.&quot;)
	-- Mantissa will consist of all decimal digits with no decimal point
	local mantissa = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?(%d*)%.?(%d*)%-?[Ee][+%-]?%d+$&quot;, &quot;%1%2&quot;)
	if negative and decimal_pos then decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1 end
	if not decimal_pos then decimal_pos = #mantissa + 1 end

	-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
	while decimal_pos &gt; 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
		mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
	end
	-- Shift decimal point right for exponent &gt; 0
	while exponent &gt; 0 do
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos + 1
		exponent = exponent - 1
		if decimal_pos &gt; #mantissa + 1 then mantissa = mantissa .. '0' end
		-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
		while decimal_pos &gt; 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
			mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
	end
	-- Shift decimal point left for exponent &lt; 0
	while exponent &lt; 0 do
		if decimal_pos == 1 then
			mantissa = '0' .. mantissa
		else
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
		exponent = exponent + 1
	end

	-- Insert decimal point in correct position and return
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. mantissa:sub(1, decimal_pos - 1) .. '.' .. mantissa:sub(decimal_pos)
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest integer (NOT USED)
local function round_num(x)
	if x%1 &gt;= 0.5 then
		return math.ceil(x)
	else
		return math.floor(x)
	end
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest two-word number (round = up, down, or &quot;on&quot; for round to nearest).
-- Numbers with two digits before the decimal will be rounded to an integer as specified by round.
-- Larger numbers will be rounded to a number with only one nonzero digit in front and all other digits zero.
-- Negative sign is preserved and does not count towards word limit.
local function round_for_english(num, round)
	-- If an integer with at most two digits, just return
	if num:find(&quot;^%-?%d?%d%.?$&quot;) then return num end

	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	if negative then
		-- We're rounding magnitude so flip it
		if round == 'up' then round = 'down' elseif round == 'down' then round = 'up' end
	end

	-- If at most two digits before decimal, round to integer and return
	local _, _, small_int, trailing_digits, round_digit = num:find(&quot;^%-?(%d?%d?)%.((%d)%d*)$&quot;)
	if small_int then
		if small_int == '' then small_int = '0' end
		if (round == 'up' and trailing_digits:find('[1-9]')) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) &gt;= 5) then
			small_int = tostring(tonumber(small_int) + 1)
		end
		return (negative and '-' or '') .. small_int
	end

	-- When rounding up, any number with &gt; 1 nonzero digit will round up (e.g. 1000000.001 rounds up to 2000000)
	local nonzero_digits = 0
	for digit in num:gfind(&quot;[1-9]&quot;) do
		nonzero_digits = nonzero_digits + 1
	end

	num = num:gsub(&quot;%.%d*$&quot;, &quot;&quot;) -- Remove decimal part
	-- Second digit used to determine which way to round lead digit
	local _, _, lead_digit, round_digit, round_digit_2, rest = num:find(&quot;^%-?(%d)(%d)(%d)(%d*)$&quot;)
	if tonumber(lead_digit .. round_digit) &lt; 20 and (1 + #rest) % 3 == 0 then
		-- In English numbers &lt; 20 are one word so put 2 digits in lead and round based on 3rd
		lead_digit = lead_digit .. round_digit
		round_digit = round_digit_2
	else
		rest = round_digit_2 .. rest
	end

	if (round == 'up' and nonzero_digits &gt; 1) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) &gt;= 5) then
		lead_digit = tostring(tonumber(lead_digit) + 1)
	end
	-- All digits but lead digit will turn to zero
	rest = rest:gsub(&quot;%d&quot;, &quot;0&quot;)
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. lead_digit .. '0' .. rest
end

local denominators = {
	[2] = { 'half', plural = 'halves' },
	[3] = { 'third' },
	[4] = { 'quarter', us = 'fourth' },
	[5] = { 'fifth' },
	[6] = { 'sixth' },
	[8] = { 'eighth' },
	[9] = { 'ninth' },
	[10] = { 'tenth' },
	[16] = { 'sixteenth' },
}

-- Return status, fraction where:
-- status is a string:
--     &quot;finished&quot; if there is a fraction with no whole number;
--     &quot;ok&quot; if fraction is empty or valid;
--     &quot;unsupported&quot; if bad fraction;
-- fraction is a string giving (numerator / denominator) as English text, or is &quot;&quot;.
-- Only unsigned fractions with a very limited range of values are supported,
-- except that if whole is empty, the numerator can use &quot;-&quot; to indicate negative.
-- whole (string or nil): nil or &quot;&quot; if no number before the fraction
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator, if any (default = 1 if a denominator is given)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator, if any
-- sp_us (boolean): true if sp=us
-- negative_word (string): word to use for negative sign, if whole is empty
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → &quot;two and a half&quot;; true: &quot;two and one-half&quot;
local function fraction_to_english(whole, numerator, denominator, sp_us, negative_word, use_one)
	if numerator or denominator then
		local finished = (whole == nil or whole == '')
		local sign = ''
		if numerator then
			if finished and numerator:sub(1, 1) == '-' then
				numerator = numerator:sub(2)
				sign = negative_word .. ' '
			end
		else
			numerator = '1'
		end
		if not numerator:match('^%d+$') or not denominator or not denominator:match('^%d+$') then
			return 'unsupported', ''
		end
		numerator = tonumber(numerator)
		denominator = tonumber(denominator)
		local dendata = denominators[denominator]
		if not (dendata and 1 &lt;= numerator and numerator &lt;= 99) then
			return 'unsupported', ''
		end
		local numstr, denstr
		local sep = '-'
		if numerator == 1 then
			denstr = sp_us and dendata.us or dendata[1]
			if finished or use_one then
				numstr = 'one'
			elseif denstr:match('^[aeiou]') then
				numstr = 'an'
				sep = ' '
			else
				numstr = 'a'
				sep = ' '
			end
		else
			numstr = numeral_to_english_less_100(numerator)
			denstr = dendata.plural
			if not denstr then
				denstr = (sp_us and dendata.us or dendata[1]) .. 's'
			end
		end
		if finished then
			return 'finished', sign .. numstr .. sep .. denstr
		end
		return 'ok', ' and ' .. numstr .. sep .. denstr
	end
	return 'ok', ''
end

-- Takes a decimal number and converts it to English text.
-- Return nil if a fraction cannot be converted (only some numbers are supported for fractions).
-- num (string or nil): the number to convert.
--      Can be an arbitrarily large decimal, such as &quot;-123456789123456789.345&quot;, and
--      can use scientific notation (e.g. &quot;1.23E5&quot;).
--      May fail for very large numbers not listed in &quot;groups&quot; such as &quot;1E4000&quot;.
--      num is nil if there is no whole number before a fraction.
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- capitalize (boolean): whether to capitalize the result (e.g. 'One' instead of 'one')
-- use_and (boolean): whether to use the word 'and' between tens/ones place and higher places
-- hyphenate (boolean): whether to hyphenate all words in the result, useful as an adjective
-- ordinal (boolean): whether to produce an ordinal (e.g. 'first' instead of 'one')
-- plural (boolean): whether to pluralize the resulting number
-- links: nil: do not add any links; 'on': link &quot;billion&quot; and larger to Orders of magnitude article;
--        any other text: list of numbers to link (e.g. &quot;billion,quadrillion&quot;)
-- negative_word: word to use for negative sign (typically 'negative' or 'minus'; nil to use default)
-- round: nil or '': no rounding; 'on': round to nearest two-word number; 'up'/'down': round up/down to two-word number
-- zero: word to use for value '0' (nil to use default)
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → &quot;two and a half&quot;; true: &quot;two and one-half&quot;
local function _numeral_to_english(num, numerator, denominator, capitalize, use_and, hyphenate, ordinal, plural, links, negative_word, round, zero, use_one)
	if not negative_word then
		if use_and then
			-- TODO Should 'minus' be used when do not have sp=us?
			--      If so, need to update testcases, and need to fix &quot;minus zero&quot;.
			-- negative_word = 'minus'
			negative_word = 'negative'
		else
			negative_word = 'negative'
		end
	end
	local status, fraction_text = fraction_to_english(num, numerator, denominator, not use_and, negative_word, use_one)
	if status == 'unsupported' then
		return nil
	end
	if status == 'finished' then
		-- Input is a fraction with no whole number.
		-- Hack to avoid executing stuff that depends on num being a number.
		local s = fraction_text
		if hyphenate then s = s:gsub(&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;-&quot;) end
		if capitalize then s = s:gsub(&quot;^%l&quot;, string.upper) end
		return s
	end
	num = scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	if round and round ~= '' then
		if round ~= 'on' and round ~= 'up' and round ~= 'down' then
			error(&quot;Invalid rounding mode&quot;)
		end
		num = round_for_english(num, round)
	end

	-- Separate into negative sign, num (digits before decimal), decimal_places (digits after decimal)
	local MINUS = '−'  -- Unicode U+2212 MINUS SIGN (may be in values from [[Module:Convert]])
	if num:sub(1, #MINUS) == MINUS then
		num = '-' .. num:sub(#MINUS + 1)  -- replace MINUS with '-'
	elseif num:sub(1, 1) == '+' then
		num = num:sub(2)  -- ignore any '+'
	end
	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	local decimal_places, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?%d*%.(%d+)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if subs == 0 then decimal_places = nil end
	num, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?(%d*)%.?%d*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if num == '' and decimal_places then num = '0' end
	if subs == 0 or num == '' then error(&quot;Invalid decimal numeral&quot;) end

	-- For each group of 3 digits except the last one, print with appropriate group name (e.g. million)
	local s = ''
	while #num &gt; 3 do
		if s ~= '' then s = s .. ' ' end
		local group_num = math.floor((#num - 1) / 3)
		local group = groups[group_num]
		local group_digits = #num - group_num*3
		s = s .. numeral_to_english_less_1000(num:sub(1, group_digits), false, false, false, zero) .. ' '
		if links and (((links == 'on' and group_num &gt;= 3) or links:find(group)) and group_num &lt;= 13) then
			s = s .. '[[Orders_of_magnitude_(numbers)#10' .. group_num*3 .. '|' .. group .. ']]'
		else
			s = s .. group
		end
		num = num:sub(1 + group_digits)
		num = num:gsub(&quot;^0*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)  -- Trim leading zeros
	end

	-- Handle final three digits of integer part
	if s ~= '' and num ~= '' then
		if #num &lt;= 2 and use_and then
			s = s .. ' and '
		else
			s = s .. ' '
		end
	end
	if s == '' or num ~= '' then
		s = s .. numeral_to_english_less_1000(num, use_and, ordinal, plural, zero)
	elseif ordinal or plural then
		-- Round numbers like &quot;one million&quot; take standard suffixes for ordinal/plural
		s = s .. standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	end

	-- For decimal places (if any) output &quot;point&quot; followed by spelling out digit by digit
	if decimal_places then
		s = s .. ' point'
		for i = 1, #decimal_places do
			s = s .. ' ' .. ones_position[tonumber(decimal_places:sub(i,i))]
		end
	end

	s = s:gsub(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)   -- Trim whitespace
	if ordinal and plural then s = s .. 's' end  -- s suffix works for all ordinals
	if negative and s ~= zero then s = negative_word .. ' ' .. s end
	s = s:gsub(&quot;negative zero&quot;, &quot;zero&quot;)
	s = s .. fraction_text
	if hyphenate then s = s:gsub(&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;-&quot;) end
	if capitalize then s = s:gsub(&quot;^%l&quot;, string.upper) end
	return s
end

local function _numeral_to_english2(args)
	local num = tostring(args.num)

	num = num:gsub(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)   -- Trim whitespace
	num = num:gsub(&quot;,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)   -- Remove commas
	num = num:gsub(&quot;^&lt;span[^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;) -- Generated by Template:age
	if num ~= '' then  -- a fraction may have an empty whole number
		if not num:find(&quot;^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]?[+%-]?%d*$&quot;) then
			-- Input not in a valid format, try to eval it as an expr to see
			-- if that produces a number (e.g. &quot;3 + 5&quot; will become &quot;8&quot;).
			local noerr, result = pcall(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr, num)
			if noerr then
				num = result
			end
		end
	end

	-- Call helper function passing args
	return _numeral_to_english(
		num,
		args['numerator'],
		args['denominator'],
		args['capitalize'],
		args['use_and'],
		args['hyphenate'],
		args['ordinal'],
		args['plural'],
		args['links'],
		args['negative_word'],
		args['round'],
		args['zero'],
		args['use_one']
	) or ''
end

local p = {  -- Functions that can be called from another module
	roman_to_numeral = roman_to_numeral,
	spell_number = _numeral_to_english,
	spell_number2 = _numeral_to_english2,
	english_to_ordinal = english_to_ordinal,
	english_to_numeral = english_to_numeral,
}

function p._roman_to_numeral(frame) -- Callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_roman_to_numeral|VI}}
	return roman_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p._english_to_ordinal(frame) -- callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_english_to_ordinal|First}}
	return english_to_ordinal(frame.args[1])
end

function p._english_to_numeral(frame) -- callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_english_to_numeral|One}}
	return english_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p.numeral_to_english(frame)
	local args = frame.args
	-- Tail call to helper function passing args from frame
	return _numeral_to_english2{
		['num'] = args[1],
		['numerator'] = args['numerator'],
		['denominator'] = args['denominator'],
		['capitalize'] = args['case'] == 'U' or args['case'] == 'u',
		['use_and'] = args['sp'] ~= 'us',
		['hyphenate'] = args['adj'] == 'on',
		['ordinal'] = args['ord'] == 'on',
		['plural'] = args['pl'] == 'on',
		['links'] = args['lk'],
		['negative_word'] = args['negative'],
		['round'] = args['round'],
		['zero'] = args['zero'],
		['use_one'] = args['one'] == 'one'  -- experiment: using '|one=one' makes fraction 2+1/2 give &quot;two and one-half&quot; instead of &quot;two and a half&quot;
	}
end

---- recursive function for p.decToHex
local function decToHexDigit(dec)
	local dig = {&quot;0&quot;,&quot;1&quot;,&quot;2&quot;,&quot;3&quot;,&quot;4&quot;,&quot;5&quot;,&quot;6&quot;,&quot;7&quot;,&quot;8&quot;,&quot;9&quot;,&quot;A&quot;,&quot;B&quot;,&quot;C&quot;,&quot;D&quot;,&quot;E&quot;,&quot;F&quot;}
	local div = math.floor(dec/16)
	local mod = dec-(16*div)
	if div &gt;= 1 then return decToHexDigit(div)..dig[mod+1] else return dig[mod+1] end
end -- I think this is supposed to be done with a tail call but first I want something that works at all

---- finds all the decimal numbers in the input text and hexes each of them
function p.decToHex(frame)
	local args=frame.args
	local parent=frame.getParent(frame)
	local pargs={}
	if parent then pargs=parent.args end
	local text=args[1] or pargs[1] or &quot;&quot;
	local minlength=args.minlength or pargs.minlength or 1
	minlength=tonumber(minlength)
	local prowl=mw.ustring.gmatch(text,&quot;(.-)(%d+)&quot;)
	local output=&quot;&quot;
	repeat
		local chaff,dec=prowl()
		if not(dec) then break end
		local hex=decToHexDigit(dec)
		while (mw.ustring.len(hex)&lt;minlength) do hex=&quot;0&quot;..hex end
		output=output..chaff..hex
	until false
	local chaff=mw.ustring.match(text,&quot;(%D+)$&quot;) or &quot;&quot;
	return output..chaff
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>pnyw663d8z474xbg4qqu86tb8s9yiu2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17073</id>
      <parentid>17072</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:37:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17073</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="23451" sha1="9gysx0tctu6z1pbk0xweuo6110tkzpx" xml:space="preserve">-- Module for converting between different representations of numbers. See talk page for user documentation.
-- For unit tests see: [[Module:ConvertNumeric/testcases]]
-- When editing, preview with: [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/testcases]]
-- First, edit [[Module:ConvertNumeric/sandbox]], then preview with [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/sandbox/testcases]]
require('strict')

local ones_position = {
	[0] = 'nol',
	[1] = 'sada',
	[2] = 'dua',
	[3] = 'tolu',
	[4] = 'opat',
	[5] = 'lima',
	[6] = 'onom',
	[7] = 'pitu',
	[8] = 'ualu',
	[9] = 'sia',
	[10] = 'sampulu',
	[11] = 'sampulu sada',
	[12] = 'sampulu dua',
	[13] = 'sampulu tolu',
	[14] = 'sampulu opat',
	[15] = 'sampulu lima',
	[16] = 'sampulu onom',
	[17] = 'sampulu pitu',
	[18] = 'sampulu ualu',
	[19] = 'sampulu sia'
}

local ones_position_ord = {
	[0] = 'nol',
	[1] = 'parjolo',
	[2] = 'paduahon',
	[3] = 'patoluhon',
	[4] = 'paopathon',
	[5] = 'palimahon',
	[6] = 'paonomhon',
	[7] = 'papituhon',
	[8] = 'paualuhon',
	[9] = 'pasiahon',
	[10] = 'pasampuluhon',
	[11] = 'pasampulusiahon',
	[12] = 'pasampuluduahon',
	[13] = 'pasampulutoluhon',
	[14] = 'pasampuluopathon',
	[15] = 'pasampululimahon',
	[16] = 'pasampuluonomhon',
	[17] = 'pasampulupituhon',
	[18] = 'pasampulualuhon',
	[19] = 'pasampulusiahon'
}

local ones_position_plural = {
	[0] = 'zeros',
	[1] = 'ones',
	[2] = 'twos',
	[3] = 'threes',
	[4] = 'fours',
	[5] = 'fives',
	[6] = 'sixes',
	[7] = 'sevens',
	[8] = 'eights',
	[9] = 'nines',
	[10] = 'tens',
	[11] = 'elevens',
	[12] = 'twelves',
	[13] = 'thirteens',
	[14] = 'fourteens',
	[15] = 'fifteens',
	[16] = 'sixteens',
	[17] = 'seventeens',
	[18] = 'eighteens',
	[19] = 'nineteens'
}

local tens_position = {
	[2] = 'twenty',
	[3] = 'thirty',
	[4] = 'forty',
	[5] = 'fifty',
	[6] = 'sixty',
	[7] = 'seventy',
	[8] = 'eighty',
	[9] = 'ninety'
}

local tens_position_ord = {
	[2] = 'twentieth',
	[3] = 'thirtieth',
	[4] = 'fortieth',
	[5] = 'fiftieth',
	[6] = 'sixtieth',
	[7] = 'seventieth',
	[8] = 'eightieth',
	[9] = 'ninetieth'
}

local tens_position_plural = {
	[2] = 'twenties',
	[3] = 'thirties',
	[4] = 'forties',
	[5] = 'fifties',
	[6] = 'sixties',
	[7] = 'seventies',
	[8] = 'eighties',
	[9] = 'nineties'
}

local groups = {
	[1] = 'thousand',
	[2] = 'million',
	[3] = 'billion',
	[4] = 'trillion',
	[5] = 'quadrillion',
	[6] = 'quintillion',
	[7] = 'sextillion',
	[8] = 'septillion',
	[9] = 'octillion',
	[10] = 'nonillion',
	[11] = 'decillion',
	[12] = 'undecillion',
	[13] = 'duodecillion',
	[14] = 'tredecillion',
	[15] = 'quattuordecillion',
	[16] = 'quindecillion',
	[17] = 'sexdecillion',
	[18] = 'septendecillion',
	[19] = 'octodecillion',
	[20] = 'novemdecillion',
	[21] = 'vigintillion',
	[22] = 'unvigintillion',
	[23] = 'duovigintillion',
	[24] = 'tresvigintillion',
	[25] = 'quattuorvigintillion',
	[26] = 'quinquavigintillion',
	[27] = 'sesvigintillion',
	[28] = 'septemvigintillion',
	[29] = 'octovigintillion',
	[30] = 'novemvigintillion',
	[31] = 'trigintillion',
	[32] = 'untrigintillion',
	[33] = 'duotrigintillion',
	[34] = 'trestrigintillion',
	[35] = 'quattuortrigintillion',
	[36] = 'quinquatrigintillion',
	[37] = 'sestrigintillion',
	[38] = 'septentrigintillion',
	[39] = 'octotrigintillion',
	[40] = 'noventrigintillion',
	[41] = 'quadragintillion',
	[51] = 'quinquagintillion',
	[61] = 'sexagintillion',
	[71] = 'septuagintillion',
	[81] = 'octogintillion',
	[91] = 'nonagintillion',
	[101] = 'centillion',
	[102] = 'uncentillion',
	[103] = 'duocentillion',
	[104] = 'trescentillion',
	[111] = 'decicentillion',
	[112] = 'undecicentillion',
	[121] = 'viginticentillion',
	[122] = 'unviginticentillion',
	[131] = 'trigintacentillion',
	[141] = 'quadragintacentillion',
	[151] = 'quinquagintacentillion',
	[161] = 'sexagintacentillion',
	[171] = 'septuagintacentillion',
	[181] = 'octogintacentillion',
	[191] = 'nonagintacentillion',
	[201] = 'ducentillion',
	[301] = 'trecentillion',
	[401] = 'quadringentillion',
	[501] = 'quingentillion',
	[601] = 'sescentillion',
	[701] = 'septingentillion',
	[801] = 'octingentillion',
	[901] = 'nongentillion',
	[1001] = 'millinillion',
}

local roman_numerals = {
	I = 1,
	V = 5,
	X = 10,
	L = 50,
	C = 100,
	D = 500,
	M = 1000
}

local engord_tens_end  = {
	['twentieth']	= 20,
	['thirtieth']	= 30,
	['fortieth']	= 40,
	['fiftieth']	= 50,
	['sixtieth']	= 60,
	['seventieth']	= 70,
	['eightieth']	= 80,
	['ninetieth']	= 90,
}

local eng_tens_cont = {
	['twenty']	= 20,
	['thirty']	= 30,
	['forty']	= 40,
	['fifty']	= 50,
	['sixty']	= 60,
	['seventy']	= 70,
	['eighty']	= 80,
	['ninety']	= 90,
}

-- Converts a given valid roman numeral (and some invalid roman numerals) to a number. Returns { -1, errorstring } on error.
local function roman_to_numeral(roman)
	if type(roman) ~= &quot;string&quot; then return -1, &quot;roman numeral not a string&quot; end
	local rev = roman:reverse()
	local raising = true
	local last = 0
	local result = 0
	for i = 1, #rev do
		local c = rev:sub(i, i)
		local next = roman_numerals[c]
		if next == nil then return -1, &quot;roman numeral contains illegal character &quot; .. c end
		if next &gt; last then
			result = result + next
			raising = true
		elseif next &lt; last then
			result = result - next
			raising = false
		elseif raising then
			result = result + next
		else
			result = result - next
		end
		last = next
	end
	return result
end

-- Converts a given integer between 0 and 100 to English text (e.g. 47 -&gt; forty-seven).
local function numeral_to_english_less_100(num, ordinal, plural, zero)
	local terminal_ones, terminal_tens
	if ordinal then
		terminal_ones = ones_position_ord
		terminal_tens = tens_position_ord
	elseif plural then
		terminal_ones = ones_position_plural
		terminal_tens = tens_position_plural
	else
		terminal_ones = ones_position
		terminal_tens = tens_position
	end

	if num == 0 and zero ~= nil then
		return zero
	elseif num &lt; 20 then
		return terminal_ones[num]
	elseif num % 10 == 0 then
		return terminal_tens[num / 10]
	else
		return tens_position[math.floor(num / 10)] .. '-' .. terminal_ones[num % 10]
	end
end

local function standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	if ordinal then return 'th' end
	if plural then return 's' end
	return ''
end

-- Converts a given integer (in string form) between 0 and 1000 to English text (e.g. 47 -&gt; forty-seven).
local function numeral_to_english_less_1000(num, use_and, ordinal, plural, zero)
	num = tonumber(num)
	if num &lt; 100 then
		return numeral_to_english_less_100(num, ordinal, plural, zero)
	elseif num % 100 == 0 then
		return ones_position[num/100] .. ' hundred' .. standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	else
		return ones_position[math.floor(num/100)] .. ' hundred ' .. (use_and and 'and ' or '') .. numeral_to_english_less_100(num % 100, ordinal, plural, zero)
	end
end

-- Converts an ordinal in English text from 'zeroth' to 'ninety-ninth' inclusive to a number [0–99], else -1.
local function english_to_ordinal(english)
	local eng = string.lower(english or '')

	local engord_lt20 = {} -- ones_position_ord{} keys &amp; values swapped
	for k, v in pairs( ones_position_ord ) do
		engord_lt20[v] = k
	end

	if engord_lt20[eng] then
		return engord_lt20[eng] -- e.g. first -&gt; 1
	elseif engord_tens_end[eng] then
		return engord_tens_end[eng] -- e.g. ninetieth -&gt; 90
	else
		local tens, ones = string.match(eng, '^([a-z]+)[%s%-]+([a-z]+)$')
		if tens and ones then
			local tens_cont = eng_tens_cont[tens]
			local ones_end  = engord_lt20[ones]
			if tens_cont and ones_end then
				return tens_cont + ones_end -- e.g. ninety-ninth -&gt; 99
			end
		end
	end
	return -1 -- Failed
end

-- Converts a number in English text from 'zero' to 'ninety-nine' inclusive to a number [0–99], else -1.
local function english_to_numeral(english)
	local eng = string.lower(english or '')

	local eng_lt20 = { ['single'] = 1 } -- ones_position{} keys &amp; values swapped
	for k, v in pairs( ones_position ) do
		eng_lt20[v] = k
	end

	if eng_lt20[eng] then
		return eng_lt20[eng] -- e.g. one -&gt; 1
	elseif eng_tens_cont[eng] then
		return eng_tens_cont[eng] -- e.g. ninety -&gt; 90
	else
		local tens, ones = string.match(eng, '^([a-z]+)[%s%-]+([a-z]+)$')
		if tens and ones then
			local tens_cont = eng_tens_cont[tens]
			local ones_end  = eng_lt20[ones]
			if tens_cont and ones_end then
				return tens_cont + ones_end -- e.g. ninety-nine -&gt; 99
			end
		end
	end
	return -1 -- Failed
end

-- Converts a number expressed as a string in scientific notation to a string in standard decimal notation
-- e.g. 1.23E5 -&gt; 123000, 1.23E-5 = .0000123. Conversion is exact, no rounding is performed.
local function scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	local exponent, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]([+%-]?%d+)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if subs == 0 then return num end  -- Input not in scientific notation, just return unmodified
	exponent = tonumber(exponent)

	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	local _, decimal_pos = num:find(&quot;%.&quot;)
	-- Mantissa will consist of all decimal digits with no decimal point
	local mantissa = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?(%d*)%.?(%d*)%-?[Ee][+%-]?%d+$&quot;, &quot;%1%2&quot;)
	if negative and decimal_pos then decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1 end
	if not decimal_pos then decimal_pos = #mantissa + 1 end

	-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
	while decimal_pos &gt; 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
		mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
	end
	-- Shift decimal point right for exponent &gt; 0
	while exponent &gt; 0 do
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos + 1
		exponent = exponent - 1
		if decimal_pos &gt; #mantissa + 1 then mantissa = mantissa .. '0' end
		-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
		while decimal_pos &gt; 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
			mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
	end
	-- Shift decimal point left for exponent &lt; 0
	while exponent &lt; 0 do
		if decimal_pos == 1 then
			mantissa = '0' .. mantissa
		else
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
		exponent = exponent + 1
	end

	-- Insert decimal point in correct position and return
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. mantissa:sub(1, decimal_pos - 1) .. '.' .. mantissa:sub(decimal_pos)
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest integer (NOT USED)
local function round_num(x)
	if x%1 &gt;= 0.5 then
		return math.ceil(x)
	else
		return math.floor(x)
	end
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest two-word number (round = up, down, or &quot;on&quot; for round to nearest).
-- Numbers with two digits before the decimal will be rounded to an integer as specified by round.
-- Larger numbers will be rounded to a number with only one nonzero digit in front and all other digits zero.
-- Negative sign is preserved and does not count towards word limit.
local function round_for_english(num, round)
	-- If an integer with at most two digits, just return
	if num:find(&quot;^%-?%d?%d%.?$&quot;) then return num end

	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	if negative then
		-- We're rounding magnitude so flip it
		if round == 'up' then round = 'down' elseif round == 'down' then round = 'up' end
	end

	-- If at most two digits before decimal, round to integer and return
	local _, _, small_int, trailing_digits, round_digit = num:find(&quot;^%-?(%d?%d?)%.((%d)%d*)$&quot;)
	if small_int then
		if small_int == '' then small_int = '0' end
		if (round == 'up' and trailing_digits:find('[1-9]')) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) &gt;= 5) then
			small_int = tostring(tonumber(small_int) + 1)
		end
		return (negative and '-' or '') .. small_int
	end

	-- When rounding up, any number with &gt; 1 nonzero digit will round up (e.g. 1000000.001 rounds up to 2000000)
	local nonzero_digits = 0
	for digit in num:gfind(&quot;[1-9]&quot;) do
		nonzero_digits = nonzero_digits + 1
	end

	num = num:gsub(&quot;%.%d*$&quot;, &quot;&quot;) -- Remove decimal part
	-- Second digit used to determine which way to round lead digit
	local _, _, lead_digit, round_digit, round_digit_2, rest = num:find(&quot;^%-?(%d)(%d)(%d)(%d*)$&quot;)
	if tonumber(lead_digit .. round_digit) &lt; 20 and (1 + #rest) % 3 == 0 then
		-- In English numbers &lt; 20 are one word so put 2 digits in lead and round based on 3rd
		lead_digit = lead_digit .. round_digit
		round_digit = round_digit_2
	else
		rest = round_digit_2 .. rest
	end

	if (round == 'up' and nonzero_digits &gt; 1) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) &gt;= 5) then
		lead_digit = tostring(tonumber(lead_digit) + 1)
	end
	-- All digits but lead digit will turn to zero
	rest = rest:gsub(&quot;%d&quot;, &quot;0&quot;)
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. lead_digit .. '0' .. rest
end

local denominators = {
	[2] = { 'half', plural = 'halves' },
	[3] = { 'third' },
	[4] = { 'quarter', us = 'fourth' },
	[5] = { 'fifth' },
	[6] = { 'sixth' },
	[8] = { 'eighth' },
	[9] = { 'ninth' },
	[10] = { 'tenth' },
	[16] = { 'sixteenth' },
}

-- Return status, fraction where:
-- status is a string:
--     &quot;finished&quot; if there is a fraction with no whole number;
--     &quot;ok&quot; if fraction is empty or valid;
--     &quot;unsupported&quot; if bad fraction;
-- fraction is a string giving (numerator / denominator) as English text, or is &quot;&quot;.
-- Only unsigned fractions with a very limited range of values are supported,
-- except that if whole is empty, the numerator can use &quot;-&quot; to indicate negative.
-- whole (string or nil): nil or &quot;&quot; if no number before the fraction
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator, if any (default = 1 if a denominator is given)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator, if any
-- sp_us (boolean): true if sp=us
-- negative_word (string): word to use for negative sign, if whole is empty
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → &quot;two and a half&quot;; true: &quot;two and one-half&quot;
local function fraction_to_english(whole, numerator, denominator, sp_us, negative_word, use_one)
	if numerator or denominator then
		local finished = (whole == nil or whole == '')
		local sign = ''
		if numerator then
			if finished and numerator:sub(1, 1) == '-' then
				numerator = numerator:sub(2)
				sign = negative_word .. ' '
			end
		else
			numerator = '1'
		end
		if not numerator:match('^%d+$') or not denominator or not denominator:match('^%d+$') then
			return 'unsupported', ''
		end
		numerator = tonumber(numerator)
		denominator = tonumber(denominator)
		local dendata = denominators[denominator]
		if not (dendata and 1 &lt;= numerator and numerator &lt;= 99) then
			return 'unsupported', ''
		end
		local numstr, denstr
		local sep = '-'
		if numerator == 1 then
			denstr = sp_us and dendata.us or dendata[1]
			if finished or use_one then
				numstr = 'one'
			elseif denstr:match('^[aeiou]') then
				numstr = 'an'
				sep = ' '
			else
				numstr = 'a'
				sep = ' '
			end
		else
			numstr = numeral_to_english_less_100(numerator)
			denstr = dendata.plural
			if not denstr then
				denstr = (sp_us and dendata.us or dendata[1]) .. 's'
			end
		end
		if finished then
			return 'finished', sign .. numstr .. sep .. denstr
		end
		return 'ok', ' and ' .. numstr .. sep .. denstr
	end
	return 'ok', ''
end

-- Takes a decimal number and converts it to English text.
-- Return nil if a fraction cannot be converted (only some numbers are supported for fractions).
-- num (string or nil): the number to convert.
--      Can be an arbitrarily large decimal, such as &quot;-123456789123456789.345&quot;, and
--      can use scientific notation (e.g. &quot;1.23E5&quot;).
--      May fail for very large numbers not listed in &quot;groups&quot; such as &quot;1E4000&quot;.
--      num is nil if there is no whole number before a fraction.
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- capitalize (boolean): whether to capitalize the result (e.g. 'One' instead of 'one')
-- use_and (boolean): whether to use the word 'and' between tens/ones place and higher places
-- hyphenate (boolean): whether to hyphenate all words in the result, useful as an adjective
-- ordinal (boolean): whether to produce an ordinal (e.g. 'first' instead of 'one')
-- plural (boolean): whether to pluralize the resulting number
-- links: nil: do not add any links; 'on': link &quot;billion&quot; and larger to Orders of magnitude article;
--        any other text: list of numbers to link (e.g. &quot;billion,quadrillion&quot;)
-- negative_word: word to use for negative sign (typically 'negative' or 'minus'; nil to use default)
-- round: nil or '': no rounding; 'on': round to nearest two-word number; 'up'/'down': round up/down to two-word number
-- zero: word to use for value '0' (nil to use default)
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → &quot;two and a half&quot;; true: &quot;two and one-half&quot;
local function _numeral_to_english(num, numerator, denominator, capitalize, use_and, hyphenate, ordinal, plural, links, negative_word, round, zero, use_one)
	if not negative_word then
		if use_and then
			-- TODO Should 'minus' be used when do not have sp=us?
			--      If so, need to update testcases, and need to fix &quot;minus zero&quot;.
			-- negative_word = 'minus'
			negative_word = 'negative'
		else
			negative_word = 'negative'
		end
	end
	local status, fraction_text = fraction_to_english(num, numerator, denominator, not use_and, negative_word, use_one)
	if status == 'unsupported' then
		return nil
	end
	if status == 'finished' then
		-- Input is a fraction with no whole number.
		-- Hack to avoid executing stuff that depends on num being a number.
		local s = fraction_text
		if hyphenate then s = s:gsub(&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;-&quot;) end
		if capitalize then s = s:gsub(&quot;^%l&quot;, string.upper) end
		return s
	end
	num = scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	if round and round ~= '' then
		if round ~= 'on' and round ~= 'up' and round ~= 'down' then
			error(&quot;Invalid rounding mode&quot;)
		end
		num = round_for_english(num, round)
	end

	-- Separate into negative sign, num (digits before decimal), decimal_places (digits after decimal)
	local MINUS = '−'  -- Unicode U+2212 MINUS SIGN (may be in values from [[Module:Convert]])
	if num:sub(1, #MINUS) == MINUS then
		num = '-' .. num:sub(#MINUS + 1)  -- replace MINUS with '-'
	elseif num:sub(1, 1) == '+' then
		num = num:sub(2)  -- ignore any '+'
	end
	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	local decimal_places, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?%d*%.(%d+)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if subs == 0 then decimal_places = nil end
	num, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?(%d*)%.?%d*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if num == '' and decimal_places then num = '0' end
	if subs == 0 or num == '' then error(&quot;Invalid decimal numeral&quot;) end

	-- For each group of 3 digits except the last one, print with appropriate group name (e.g. million)
	local s = ''
	while #num &gt; 3 do
		if s ~= '' then s = s .. ' ' end
		local group_num = math.floor((#num - 1) / 3)
		local group = groups[group_num]
		local group_digits = #num - group_num*3
		s = s .. numeral_to_english_less_1000(num:sub(1, group_digits), false, false, false, zero) .. ' '
		if links and (((links == 'on' and group_num &gt;= 3) or links:find(group)) and group_num &lt;= 13) then
			s = s .. '[[Orders_of_magnitude_(numbers)#10' .. group_num*3 .. '|' .. group .. ']]'
		else
			s = s .. group
		end
		num = num:sub(1 + group_digits)
		num = num:gsub(&quot;^0*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)  -- Trim leading zeros
	end

	-- Handle final three digits of integer part
	if s ~= '' and num ~= '' then
		if #num &lt;= 2 and use_and then
			s = s .. ' and '
		else
			s = s .. ' '
		end
	end
	if s == '' or num ~= '' then
		s = s .. numeral_to_english_less_1000(num, use_and, ordinal, plural, zero)
	elseif ordinal or plural then
		-- Round numbers like &quot;one million&quot; take standard suffixes for ordinal/plural
		s = s .. standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	end

	-- For decimal places (if any) output &quot;point&quot; followed by spelling out digit by digit
	if decimal_places then
		s = s .. ' point'
		for i = 1, #decimal_places do
			s = s .. ' ' .. ones_position[tonumber(decimal_places:sub(i,i))]
		end
	end

	s = s:gsub(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)   -- Trim whitespace
	if ordinal and plural then s = s .. 's' end  -- s suffix works for all ordinals
	if negative and s ~= zero then s = negative_word .. ' ' .. s end
	s = s:gsub(&quot;negative zero&quot;, &quot;zero&quot;)
	s = s .. fraction_text
	if hyphenate then s = s:gsub(&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;-&quot;) end
	if capitalize then s = s:gsub(&quot;^%l&quot;, string.upper) end
	return s
end

local function _numeral_to_english2(args)
	local num = tostring(args.num)

	num = num:gsub(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)   -- Trim whitespace
	num = num:gsub(&quot;,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)   -- Remove commas
	num = num:gsub(&quot;^&lt;span[^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;) -- Generated by Template:age
	if num ~= '' then  -- a fraction may have an empty whole number
		if not num:find(&quot;^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]?[+%-]?%d*$&quot;) then
			-- Input not in a valid format, try to eval it as an expr to see
			-- if that produces a number (e.g. &quot;3 + 5&quot; will become &quot;8&quot;).
			local noerr, result = pcall(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr, num)
			if noerr then
				num = result
			end
		end
	end

	-- Call helper function passing args
	return _numeral_to_english(
		num,
		args['numerator'],
		args['denominator'],
		args['capitalize'],
		args['use_and'],
		args['hyphenate'],
		args['ordinal'],
		args['plural'],
		args['links'],
		args['negative_word'],
		args['round'],
		args['zero'],
		args['use_one']
	) or ''
end

local p = {  -- Functions that can be called from another module
	roman_to_numeral = roman_to_numeral,
	spell_number = _numeral_to_english,
	spell_number2 = _numeral_to_english2,
	english_to_ordinal = english_to_ordinal,
	english_to_numeral = english_to_numeral,
}

function p._roman_to_numeral(frame) -- Callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_roman_to_numeral|VI}}
	return roman_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p._english_to_ordinal(frame) -- callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_english_to_ordinal|First}}
	return english_to_ordinal(frame.args[1])
end

function p._english_to_numeral(frame) -- callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_english_to_numeral|One}}
	return english_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p.numeral_to_english(frame)
	local args = frame.args
	-- Tail call to helper function passing args from frame
	return _numeral_to_english2{
		['num'] = args[1],
		['numerator'] = args['numerator'],
		['denominator'] = args['denominator'],
		['capitalize'] = args['case'] == 'U' or args['case'] == 'u',
		['use_and'] = args['sp'] ~= 'us',
		['hyphenate'] = args['adj'] == 'on',
		['ordinal'] = args['ord'] == 'on',
		['plural'] = args['pl'] == 'on',
		['links'] = args['lk'],
		['negative_word'] = args['negative'],
		['round'] = args['round'],
		['zero'] = args['zero'],
		['use_one'] = args['one'] == 'one'  -- experiment: using '|one=one' makes fraction 2+1/2 give &quot;two and one-half&quot; instead of &quot;two and a half&quot;
	}
end

---- recursive function for p.decToHex
local function decToHexDigit(dec)
	local dig = {&quot;0&quot;,&quot;1&quot;,&quot;2&quot;,&quot;3&quot;,&quot;4&quot;,&quot;5&quot;,&quot;6&quot;,&quot;7&quot;,&quot;8&quot;,&quot;9&quot;,&quot;A&quot;,&quot;B&quot;,&quot;C&quot;,&quot;D&quot;,&quot;E&quot;,&quot;F&quot;}
	local div = math.floor(dec/16)
	local mod = dec-(16*div)
	if div &gt;= 1 then return decToHexDigit(div)..dig[mod+1] else return dig[mod+1] end
end -- I think this is supposed to be done with a tail call but first I want something that works at all

---- finds all the decimal numbers in the input text and hexes each of them
function p.decToHex(frame)
	local args=frame.args
	local parent=frame.getParent(frame)
	local pargs={}
	if parent then pargs=parent.args end
	local text=args[1] or pargs[1] or &quot;&quot;
	local minlength=args.minlength or pargs.minlength or 1
	minlength=tonumber(minlength)
	local prowl=mw.ustring.gmatch(text,&quot;(.-)(%d+)&quot;)
	local output=&quot;&quot;
	repeat
		local chaff,dec=prowl()
		if not(dec) then break end
		local hex=decToHexDigit(dec)
		while (mw.ustring.len(hex)&lt;minlength) do hex=&quot;0&quot;..hex end
		output=output..chaff..hex
	until false
	local chaff=mw.ustring.match(text,&quot;(%D+)$&quot;) or &quot;&quot;
	return output..chaff
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>9gysx0tctu6z1pbk0xweuo6110tkzpx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17074</id>
      <parentid>17073</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:40:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17074</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="23475" sha1="jgn2yfsblzmsb1kmp9p1sylv16kyzyu" xml:space="preserve">-- Module for converting between different representations of numbers. See talk page for user documentation.
-- For unit tests see: [[Module:ConvertNumeric/testcases]]
-- When editing, preview with: [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/testcases]]
-- First, edit [[Module:ConvertNumeric/sandbox]], then preview with [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/sandbox/testcases]]
require('strict')

local ones_position = {
	[0] = 'nol',
	[1] = 'sada',
	[2] = 'dua',
	[3] = 'tolu',
	[4] = 'opat',
	[5] = 'lima',
	[6] = 'onom',
	[7] = 'pitu',
	[8] = 'ualu',
	[9] = 'sia',
	[10] = 'sampulu',
	[11] = 'sampulu sada',
	[12] = 'sampulu dua',
	[13] = 'sampulu tolu',
	[14] = 'sampulu opat',
	[15] = 'sampulu lima',
	[16] = 'sampulu onom',
	[17] = 'sampulu pitu',
	[18] = 'sampulu ualu',
	[19] = 'sampulu sia'
}

local ones_position_ord = {
	[0] = 'nol',
	[1] = 'parjolo',
	[2] = 'paduahon',
	[3] = 'patoluhon',
	[4] = 'paopathon',
	[5] = 'palimahon',
	[6] = 'paonomhon',
	[7] = 'papituhon',
	[8] = 'paualuhon',
	[9] = 'pasiahon',
	[10] = 'pasampuluhon',
	[11] = 'pasampulusiahon',
	[12] = 'pasampuluduahon',
	[13] = 'pasampulutoluhon',
	[14] = 'pasampuluopathon',
	[15] = 'pasampululimahon',
	[16] = 'pasampuluonomhon',
	[17] = 'pasampulupituhon',
	[18] = 'pasampulualuhon',
	[19] = 'pasampulusiahon'
}

local ones_position_plural = {
	[0] = 'zeros',
	[1] = 'ones',
	[2] = 'twos',
	[3] = 'threes',
	[4] = 'fours',
	[5] = 'fives',
	[6] = 'sixes',
	[7] = 'sevens',
	[8] = 'eights',
	[9] = 'nines',
	[10] = 'tens',
	[11] = 'elevens',
	[12] = 'twelves',
	[13] = 'thirteens',
	[14] = 'fourteens',
	[15] = 'fifteens',
	[16] = 'sixteens',
	[17] = 'seventeens',
	[18] = 'eighteens',
	[19] = 'nineteens'
}

local tens_position = {
	[2] = 'twenty',
	[3] = 'thirty',
	[4] = 'forty',
	[5] = 'fifty',
	[6] = 'sixty',
	[7] = 'seventy',
	[8] = 'eighty',
	[9] = 'ninety'
}

local tens_position_ord = {
	[2] = 'twentieth',
	[3] = 'thirtieth',
	[4] = 'fortieth',
	[5] = 'fiftieth',
	[6] = 'sixtieth',
	[7] = 'seventieth',
	[8] = 'eightieth',
	[9] = 'ninetieth'
}

local tens_position_plural = {
	[2] = 'twenties',
	[3] = 'thirties',
	[4] = 'forties',
	[5] = 'fifties',
	[6] = 'sixties',
	[7] = 'seventies',
	[8] = 'eighties',
	[9] = 'nineties'
}

local groups = {
	[1] = 'thousand',
	[2] = 'million',
	[3] = 'billion',
	[4] = 'trillion',
	[5] = 'quadrillion',
	[6] = 'quintillion',
	[7] = 'sextillion',
	[8] = 'septillion',
	[9] = 'octillion',
	[10] = 'nonillion',
	[11] = 'decillion',
	[12] = 'undecillion',
	[13] = 'duodecillion',
	[14] = 'tredecillion',
	[15] = 'quattuordecillion',
	[16] = 'quindecillion',
	[17] = 'sexdecillion',
	[18] = 'septendecillion',
	[19] = 'octodecillion',
	[20] = 'novemdecillion',
	[21] = 'vigintillion',
	[22] = 'unvigintillion',
	[23] = 'duovigintillion',
	[24] = 'tresvigintillion',
	[25] = 'quattuorvigintillion',
	[26] = 'quinquavigintillion',
	[27] = 'sesvigintillion',
	[28] = 'septemvigintillion',
	[29] = 'octovigintillion',
	[30] = 'novemvigintillion',
	[31] = 'trigintillion',
	[32] = 'untrigintillion',
	[33] = 'duotrigintillion',
	[34] = 'trestrigintillion',
	[35] = 'quattuortrigintillion',
	[36] = 'quinquatrigintillion',
	[37] = 'sestrigintillion',
	[38] = 'septentrigintillion',
	[39] = 'octotrigintillion',
	[40] = 'noventrigintillion',
	[41] = 'quadragintillion',
	[51] = 'quinquagintillion',
	[61] = 'sexagintillion',
	[71] = 'septuagintillion',
	[81] = 'octogintillion',
	[91] = 'nonagintillion',
	[101] = 'centillion',
	[102] = 'uncentillion',
	[103] = 'duocentillion',
	[104] = 'trescentillion',
	[111] = 'decicentillion',
	[112] = 'undecicentillion',
	[121] = 'viginticentillion',
	[122] = 'unviginticentillion',
	[131] = 'trigintacentillion',
	[141] = 'quadragintacentillion',
	[151] = 'quinquagintacentillion',
	[161] = 'sexagintacentillion',
	[171] = 'septuagintacentillion',
	[181] = 'octogintacentillion',
	[191] = 'nonagintacentillion',
	[201] = 'ducentillion',
	[301] = 'trecentillion',
	[401] = 'quadringentillion',
	[501] = 'quingentillion',
	[601] = 'sescentillion',
	[701] = 'septingentillion',
	[801] = 'octingentillion',
	[901] = 'nongentillion',
	[1001] = 'millinillion',
}

local roman_numerals = {
	I = 1,
	V = 5,
	X = 10,
	L = 50,
	C = 100,
	D = 500,
	M = 1000
}

local engord_tens_end  = {
	['twentieth']	= 20,
	['thirtieth']	= 30,
	['fortieth']	= 40,
	['fiftieth']	= 50,
	['sixtieth']	= 60,
	['seventieth']	= 70,
	['eightieth']	= 80,
	['ninetieth']	= 90,
}

local eng_tens_cont = {
	['dua pulu']	= 20,
	['tolu pulu']	= 30,
	['opat pulu']	= 40,
	['lima pulu']	= 50,
	['onom pulu']	= 60,
	['pitu pulu']	= 70,
	['ualu pulu']	= 80,
	['sia pulu']	= 90,
}

-- Converts a given valid roman numeral (and some invalid roman numerals) to a number. Returns { -1, errorstring } on error.
local function roman_to_numeral(roman)
	if type(roman) ~= &quot;string&quot; then return -1, &quot;roman numeral not a string&quot; end
	local rev = roman:reverse()
	local raising = true
	local last = 0
	local result = 0
	for i = 1, #rev do
		local c = rev:sub(i, i)
		local next = roman_numerals[c]
		if next == nil then return -1, &quot;roman numeral contains illegal character &quot; .. c end
		if next &gt; last then
			result = result + next
			raising = true
		elseif next &lt; last then
			result = result - next
			raising = false
		elseif raising then
			result = result + next
		else
			result = result - next
		end
		last = next
	end
	return result
end

-- Converts a given integer between 0 and 100 to English text (e.g. 47 -&gt; forty-seven).
local function numeral_to_english_less_100(num, ordinal, plural, zero)
	local terminal_ones, terminal_tens
	if ordinal then
		terminal_ones = ones_position_ord
		terminal_tens = tens_position_ord
	elseif plural then
		terminal_ones = ones_position_plural
		terminal_tens = tens_position_plural
	else
		terminal_ones = ones_position
		terminal_tens = tens_position
	end

	if num == 0 and zero ~= nil then
		return zero
	elseif num &lt; 20 then
		return terminal_ones[num]
	elseif num % 10 == 0 then
		return terminal_tens[num / 10]
	else
		return tens_position[math.floor(num / 10)] .. '-' .. terminal_ones[num % 10]
	end
end

local function standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	if ordinal then return 'th' end
	if plural then return 's' end
	return ''
end

-- Converts a given integer (in string form) between 0 and 1000 to English text (e.g. 47 -&gt; forty-seven).
local function numeral_to_english_less_1000(num, use_and, ordinal, plural, zero)
	num = tonumber(num)
	if num &lt; 100 then
		return numeral_to_english_less_100(num, ordinal, plural, zero)
	elseif num % 100 == 0 then
		return ones_position[num/100] .. ' hundred' .. standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	else
		return ones_position[math.floor(num/100)] .. ' hundred ' .. (use_and and 'and ' or '') .. numeral_to_english_less_100(num % 100, ordinal, plural, zero)
	end
end

-- Converts an ordinal in English text from 'zeroth' to 'ninety-ninth' inclusive to a number [0–99], else -1.
local function english_to_ordinal(english)
	local eng = string.lower(english or '')

	local engord_lt20 = {} -- ones_position_ord{} keys &amp; values swapped
	for k, v in pairs( ones_position_ord ) do
		engord_lt20[v] = k
	end

	if engord_lt20[eng] then
		return engord_lt20[eng] -- e.g. first -&gt; 1
	elseif engord_tens_end[eng] then
		return engord_tens_end[eng] -- e.g. ninetieth -&gt; 90
	else
		local tens, ones = string.match(eng, '^([a-z]+)[%s%-]+([a-z]+)$')
		if tens and ones then
			local tens_cont = eng_tens_cont[tens]
			local ones_end  = engord_lt20[ones]
			if tens_cont and ones_end then
				return tens_cont + ones_end -- e.g. ninety-ninth -&gt; 99
			end
		end
	end
	return -1 -- Failed
end

-- Converts a number in English text from 'zero' to 'ninety-nine' inclusive to a number [0–99], else -1.
local function english_to_numeral(english)
	local eng = string.lower(english or '')

	local eng_lt20 = { ['single'] = 1 } -- ones_position{} keys &amp; values swapped
	for k, v in pairs( ones_position ) do
		eng_lt20[v] = k
	end

	if eng_lt20[eng] then
		return eng_lt20[eng] -- e.g. one -&gt; 1
	elseif eng_tens_cont[eng] then
		return eng_tens_cont[eng] -- e.g. ninety -&gt; 90
	else
		local tens, ones = string.match(eng, '^([a-z]+)[%s%-]+([a-z]+)$')
		if tens and ones then
			local tens_cont = eng_tens_cont[tens]
			local ones_end  = eng_lt20[ones]
			if tens_cont and ones_end then
				return tens_cont + ones_end -- e.g. ninety-nine -&gt; 99
			end
		end
	end
	return -1 -- Failed
end

-- Converts a number expressed as a string in scientific notation to a string in standard decimal notation
-- e.g. 1.23E5 -&gt; 123000, 1.23E-5 = .0000123. Conversion is exact, no rounding is performed.
local function scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	local exponent, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]([+%-]?%d+)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if subs == 0 then return num end  -- Input not in scientific notation, just return unmodified
	exponent = tonumber(exponent)

	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	local _, decimal_pos = num:find(&quot;%.&quot;)
	-- Mantissa will consist of all decimal digits with no decimal point
	local mantissa = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?(%d*)%.?(%d*)%-?[Ee][+%-]?%d+$&quot;, &quot;%1%2&quot;)
	if negative and decimal_pos then decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1 end
	if not decimal_pos then decimal_pos = #mantissa + 1 end

	-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
	while decimal_pos &gt; 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
		mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
	end
	-- Shift decimal point right for exponent &gt; 0
	while exponent &gt; 0 do
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos + 1
		exponent = exponent - 1
		if decimal_pos &gt; #mantissa + 1 then mantissa = mantissa .. '0' end
		-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
		while decimal_pos &gt; 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
			mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
	end
	-- Shift decimal point left for exponent &lt; 0
	while exponent &lt; 0 do
		if decimal_pos == 1 then
			mantissa = '0' .. mantissa
		else
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
		exponent = exponent + 1
	end

	-- Insert decimal point in correct position and return
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. mantissa:sub(1, decimal_pos - 1) .. '.' .. mantissa:sub(decimal_pos)
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest integer (NOT USED)
local function round_num(x)
	if x%1 &gt;= 0.5 then
		return math.ceil(x)
	else
		return math.floor(x)
	end
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest two-word number (round = up, down, or &quot;on&quot; for round to nearest).
-- Numbers with two digits before the decimal will be rounded to an integer as specified by round.
-- Larger numbers will be rounded to a number with only one nonzero digit in front and all other digits zero.
-- Negative sign is preserved and does not count towards word limit.
local function round_for_english(num, round)
	-- If an integer with at most two digits, just return
	if num:find(&quot;^%-?%d?%d%.?$&quot;) then return num end

	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	if negative then
		-- We're rounding magnitude so flip it
		if round == 'up' then round = 'down' elseif round == 'down' then round = 'up' end
	end

	-- If at most two digits before decimal, round to integer and return
	local _, _, small_int, trailing_digits, round_digit = num:find(&quot;^%-?(%d?%d?)%.((%d)%d*)$&quot;)
	if small_int then
		if small_int == '' then small_int = '0' end
		if (round == 'up' and trailing_digits:find('[1-9]')) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) &gt;= 5) then
			small_int = tostring(tonumber(small_int) + 1)
		end
		return (negative and '-' or '') .. small_int
	end

	-- When rounding up, any number with &gt; 1 nonzero digit will round up (e.g. 1000000.001 rounds up to 2000000)
	local nonzero_digits = 0
	for digit in num:gfind(&quot;[1-9]&quot;) do
		nonzero_digits = nonzero_digits + 1
	end

	num = num:gsub(&quot;%.%d*$&quot;, &quot;&quot;) -- Remove decimal part
	-- Second digit used to determine which way to round lead digit
	local _, _, lead_digit, round_digit, round_digit_2, rest = num:find(&quot;^%-?(%d)(%d)(%d)(%d*)$&quot;)
	if tonumber(lead_digit .. round_digit) &lt; 20 and (1 + #rest) % 3 == 0 then
		-- In English numbers &lt; 20 are one word so put 2 digits in lead and round based on 3rd
		lead_digit = lead_digit .. round_digit
		round_digit = round_digit_2
	else
		rest = round_digit_2 .. rest
	end

	if (round == 'up' and nonzero_digits &gt; 1) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) &gt;= 5) then
		lead_digit = tostring(tonumber(lead_digit) + 1)
	end
	-- All digits but lead digit will turn to zero
	rest = rest:gsub(&quot;%d&quot;, &quot;0&quot;)
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. lead_digit .. '0' .. rest
end

local denominators = {
	[2] = { 'half', plural = 'halves' },
	[3] = { 'third' },
	[4] = { 'quarter', us = 'fourth' },
	[5] = { 'fifth' },
	[6] = { 'sixth' },
	[8] = { 'eighth' },
	[9] = { 'ninth' },
	[10] = { 'tenth' },
	[16] = { 'sixteenth' },
}

-- Return status, fraction where:
-- status is a string:
--     &quot;finished&quot; if there is a fraction with no whole number;
--     &quot;ok&quot; if fraction is empty or valid;
--     &quot;unsupported&quot; if bad fraction;
-- fraction is a string giving (numerator / denominator) as English text, or is &quot;&quot;.
-- Only unsigned fractions with a very limited range of values are supported,
-- except that if whole is empty, the numerator can use &quot;-&quot; to indicate negative.
-- whole (string or nil): nil or &quot;&quot; if no number before the fraction
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator, if any (default = 1 if a denominator is given)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator, if any
-- sp_us (boolean): true if sp=us
-- negative_word (string): word to use for negative sign, if whole is empty
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → &quot;two and a half&quot;; true: &quot;two and one-half&quot;
local function fraction_to_english(whole, numerator, denominator, sp_us, negative_word, use_one)
	if numerator or denominator then
		local finished = (whole == nil or whole == '')
		local sign = ''
		if numerator then
			if finished and numerator:sub(1, 1) == '-' then
				numerator = numerator:sub(2)
				sign = negative_word .. ' '
			end
		else
			numerator = '1'
		end
		if not numerator:match('^%d+$') or not denominator or not denominator:match('^%d+$') then
			return 'unsupported', ''
		end
		numerator = tonumber(numerator)
		denominator = tonumber(denominator)
		local dendata = denominators[denominator]
		if not (dendata and 1 &lt;= numerator and numerator &lt;= 99) then
			return 'unsupported', ''
		end
		local numstr, denstr
		local sep = '-'
		if numerator == 1 then
			denstr = sp_us and dendata.us or dendata[1]
			if finished or use_one then
				numstr = 'one'
			elseif denstr:match('^[aeiou]') then
				numstr = 'an'
				sep = ' '
			else
				numstr = 'a'
				sep = ' '
			end
		else
			numstr = numeral_to_english_less_100(numerator)
			denstr = dendata.plural
			if not denstr then
				denstr = (sp_us and dendata.us or dendata[1]) .. 's'
			end
		end
		if finished then
			return 'finished', sign .. numstr .. sep .. denstr
		end
		return 'ok', ' and ' .. numstr .. sep .. denstr
	end
	return 'ok', ''
end

-- Takes a decimal number and converts it to English text.
-- Return nil if a fraction cannot be converted (only some numbers are supported for fractions).
-- num (string or nil): the number to convert.
--      Can be an arbitrarily large decimal, such as &quot;-123456789123456789.345&quot;, and
--      can use scientific notation (e.g. &quot;1.23E5&quot;).
--      May fail for very large numbers not listed in &quot;groups&quot; such as &quot;1E4000&quot;.
--      num is nil if there is no whole number before a fraction.
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- capitalize (boolean): whether to capitalize the result (e.g. 'One' instead of 'one')
-- use_and (boolean): whether to use the word 'and' between tens/ones place and higher places
-- hyphenate (boolean): whether to hyphenate all words in the result, useful as an adjective
-- ordinal (boolean): whether to produce an ordinal (e.g. 'first' instead of 'one')
-- plural (boolean): whether to pluralize the resulting number
-- links: nil: do not add any links; 'on': link &quot;billion&quot; and larger to Orders of magnitude article;
--        any other text: list of numbers to link (e.g. &quot;billion,quadrillion&quot;)
-- negative_word: word to use for negative sign (typically 'negative' or 'minus'; nil to use default)
-- round: nil or '': no rounding; 'on': round to nearest two-word number; 'up'/'down': round up/down to two-word number
-- zero: word to use for value '0' (nil to use default)
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → &quot;two and a half&quot;; true: &quot;two and one-half&quot;
local function _numeral_to_english(num, numerator, denominator, capitalize, use_and, hyphenate, ordinal, plural, links, negative_word, round, zero, use_one)
	if not negative_word then
		if use_and then
			-- TODO Should 'minus' be used when do not have sp=us?
			--      If so, need to update testcases, and need to fix &quot;minus zero&quot;.
			-- negative_word = 'minus'
			negative_word = 'negative'
		else
			negative_word = 'negative'
		end
	end
	local status, fraction_text = fraction_to_english(num, numerator, denominator, not use_and, negative_word, use_one)
	if status == 'unsupported' then
		return nil
	end
	if status == 'finished' then
		-- Input is a fraction with no whole number.
		-- Hack to avoid executing stuff that depends on num being a number.
		local s = fraction_text
		if hyphenate then s = s:gsub(&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;-&quot;) end
		if capitalize then s = s:gsub(&quot;^%l&quot;, string.upper) end
		return s
	end
	num = scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	if round and round ~= '' then
		if round ~= 'on' and round ~= 'up' and round ~= 'down' then
			error(&quot;Invalid rounding mode&quot;)
		end
		num = round_for_english(num, round)
	end

	-- Separate into negative sign, num (digits before decimal), decimal_places (digits after decimal)
	local MINUS = '−'  -- Unicode U+2212 MINUS SIGN (may be in values from [[Module:Convert]])
	if num:sub(1, #MINUS) == MINUS then
		num = '-' .. num:sub(#MINUS + 1)  -- replace MINUS with '-'
	elseif num:sub(1, 1) == '+' then
		num = num:sub(2)  -- ignore any '+'
	end
	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	local decimal_places, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?%d*%.(%d+)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if subs == 0 then decimal_places = nil end
	num, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?(%d*)%.?%d*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if num == '' and decimal_places then num = '0' end
	if subs == 0 or num == '' then error(&quot;Invalid decimal numeral&quot;) end

	-- For each group of 3 digits except the last one, print with appropriate group name (e.g. million)
	local s = ''
	while #num &gt; 3 do
		if s ~= '' then s = s .. ' ' end
		local group_num = math.floor((#num - 1) / 3)
		local group = groups[group_num]
		local group_digits = #num - group_num*3
		s = s .. numeral_to_english_less_1000(num:sub(1, group_digits), false, false, false, zero) .. ' '
		if links and (((links == 'on' and group_num &gt;= 3) or links:find(group)) and group_num &lt;= 13) then
			s = s .. '[[Orders_of_magnitude_(numbers)#10' .. group_num*3 .. '|' .. group .. ']]'
		else
			s = s .. group
		end
		num = num:sub(1 + group_digits)
		num = num:gsub(&quot;^0*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)  -- Trim leading zeros
	end

	-- Handle final three digits of integer part
	if s ~= '' and num ~= '' then
		if #num &lt;= 2 and use_and then
			s = s .. ' and '
		else
			s = s .. ' '
		end
	end
	if s == '' or num ~= '' then
		s = s .. numeral_to_english_less_1000(num, use_and, ordinal, plural, zero)
	elseif ordinal or plural then
		-- Round numbers like &quot;one million&quot; take standard suffixes for ordinal/plural
		s = s .. standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	end

	-- For decimal places (if any) output &quot;point&quot; followed by spelling out digit by digit
	if decimal_places then
		s = s .. ' point'
		for i = 1, #decimal_places do
			s = s .. ' ' .. ones_position[tonumber(decimal_places:sub(i,i))]
		end
	end

	s = s:gsub(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)   -- Trim whitespace
	if ordinal and plural then s = s .. 's' end  -- s suffix works for all ordinals
	if negative and s ~= zero then s = negative_word .. ' ' .. s end
	s = s:gsub(&quot;negative zero&quot;, &quot;zero&quot;)
	s = s .. fraction_text
	if hyphenate then s = s:gsub(&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;-&quot;) end
	if capitalize then s = s:gsub(&quot;^%l&quot;, string.upper) end
	return s
end

local function _numeral_to_english2(args)
	local num = tostring(args.num)

	num = num:gsub(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)   -- Trim whitespace
	num = num:gsub(&quot;,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)   -- Remove commas
	num = num:gsub(&quot;^&lt;span[^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;) -- Generated by Template:age
	if num ~= '' then  -- a fraction may have an empty whole number
		if not num:find(&quot;^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]?[+%-]?%d*$&quot;) then
			-- Input not in a valid format, try to eval it as an expr to see
			-- if that produces a number (e.g. &quot;3 + 5&quot; will become &quot;8&quot;).
			local noerr, result = pcall(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr, num)
			if noerr then
				num = result
			end
		end
	end

	-- Call helper function passing args
	return _numeral_to_english(
		num,
		args['numerator'],
		args['denominator'],
		args['capitalize'],
		args['use_and'],
		args['hyphenate'],
		args['ordinal'],
		args['plural'],
		args['links'],
		args['negative_word'],
		args['round'],
		args['zero'],
		args['use_one']
	) or ''
end

local p = {  -- Functions that can be called from another module
	roman_to_numeral = roman_to_numeral,
	spell_number = _numeral_to_english,
	spell_number2 = _numeral_to_english2,
	english_to_ordinal = english_to_ordinal,
	english_to_numeral = english_to_numeral,
}

function p._roman_to_numeral(frame) -- Callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_roman_to_numeral|VI}}
	return roman_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p._english_to_ordinal(frame) -- callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_english_to_ordinal|First}}
	return english_to_ordinal(frame.args[1])
end

function p._english_to_numeral(frame) -- callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_english_to_numeral|One}}
	return english_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p.numeral_to_english(frame)
	local args = frame.args
	-- Tail call to helper function passing args from frame
	return _numeral_to_english2{
		['num'] = args[1],
		['numerator'] = args['numerator'],
		['denominator'] = args['denominator'],
		['capitalize'] = args['case'] == 'U' or args['case'] == 'u',
		['use_and'] = args['sp'] ~= 'us',
		['hyphenate'] = args['adj'] == 'on',
		['ordinal'] = args['ord'] == 'on',
		['plural'] = args['pl'] == 'on',
		['links'] = args['lk'],
		['negative_word'] = args['negative'],
		['round'] = args['round'],
		['zero'] = args['zero'],
		['use_one'] = args['one'] == 'one'  -- experiment: using '|one=one' makes fraction 2+1/2 give &quot;two and one-half&quot; instead of &quot;two and a half&quot;
	}
end

---- recursive function for p.decToHex
local function decToHexDigit(dec)
	local dig = {&quot;0&quot;,&quot;1&quot;,&quot;2&quot;,&quot;3&quot;,&quot;4&quot;,&quot;5&quot;,&quot;6&quot;,&quot;7&quot;,&quot;8&quot;,&quot;9&quot;,&quot;A&quot;,&quot;B&quot;,&quot;C&quot;,&quot;D&quot;,&quot;E&quot;,&quot;F&quot;}
	local div = math.floor(dec/16)
	local mod = dec-(16*div)
	if div &gt;= 1 then return decToHexDigit(div)..dig[mod+1] else return dig[mod+1] end
end -- I think this is supposed to be done with a tail call but first I want something that works at all

---- finds all the decimal numbers in the input text and hexes each of them
function p.decToHex(frame)
	local args=frame.args
	local parent=frame.getParent(frame)
	local pargs={}
	if parent then pargs=parent.args end
	local text=args[1] or pargs[1] or &quot;&quot;
	local minlength=args.minlength or pargs.minlength or 1
	minlength=tonumber(minlength)
	local prowl=mw.ustring.gmatch(text,&quot;(.-)(%d+)&quot;)
	local output=&quot;&quot;
	repeat
		local chaff,dec=prowl()
		if not(dec) then break end
		local hex=decToHexDigit(dec)
		while (mw.ustring.len(hex)&lt;minlength) do hex=&quot;0&quot;..hex end
		output=output..chaff..hex
	until false
	local chaff=mw.ustring.match(text,&quot;(%D+)$&quot;) or &quot;&quot;
	return output..chaff
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>jgn2yfsblzmsb1kmp9p1sylv16kyzyu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17075</id>
      <parentid>17074</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:42:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17075</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="23499" sha1="32bqsl00t9nrljdfxybjoqy5j6ukqjt" xml:space="preserve">-- Module for converting between different representations of numbers. See talk page for user documentation.
-- For unit tests see: [[Module:ConvertNumeric/testcases]]
-- When editing, preview with: [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/testcases]]
-- First, edit [[Module:ConvertNumeric/sandbox]], then preview with [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/sandbox/testcases]]
require('strict')

local ones_position = {
	[0] = 'nol',
	[1] = 'sada',
	[2] = 'dua',
	[3] = 'tolu',
	[4] = 'opat',
	[5] = 'lima',
	[6] = 'onom',
	[7] = 'pitu',
	[8] = 'ualu',
	[9] = 'sia',
	[10] = 'sampulu',
	[11] = 'sampulu sada',
	[12] = 'sampulu dua',
	[13] = 'sampulu tolu',
	[14] = 'sampulu opat',
	[15] = 'sampulu lima',
	[16] = 'sampulu onom',
	[17] = 'sampulu pitu',
	[18] = 'sampulu ualu',
	[19] = 'sampulu sia'
}

local ones_position_ord = {
	[0] = 'nol',
	[1] = 'parjolo',
	[2] = 'paduahon',
	[3] = 'patoluhon',
	[4] = 'paopathon',
	[5] = 'palimahon',
	[6] = 'paonomhon',
	[7] = 'papituhon',
	[8] = 'paualuhon',
	[9] = 'pasiahon',
	[10] = 'pasampuluhon',
	[11] = 'pasampulusiahon',
	[12] = 'pasampuluduahon',
	[13] = 'pasampulutoluhon',
	[14] = 'pasampuluopathon',
	[15] = 'pasampululimahon',
	[16] = 'pasampuluonomhon',
	[17] = 'pasampulupituhon',
	[18] = 'pasampulualuhon',
	[19] = 'pasampulusiahon'
}

local ones_position_plural = {
	[0] = 'zeros',
	[1] = 'ones',
	[2] = 'twos',
	[3] = 'threes',
	[4] = 'fours',
	[5] = 'fives',
	[6] = 'sixes',
	[7] = 'sevens',
	[8] = 'eights',
	[9] = 'nines',
	[10] = 'tens',
	[11] = 'elevens',
	[12] = 'twelves',
	[13] = 'thirteens',
	[14] = 'fourteens',
	[15] = 'fifteens',
	[16] = 'sixteens',
	[17] = 'seventeens',
	[18] = 'eighteens',
	[19] = 'nineteens'
}

local tens_position = {
	[2] = 'dua pulu',
	[3] = 'tolu pulu',
	[4] = 'opat pulu',
	[5] = 'lima pulu',
	[6] = 'onom pulu',
	[7] = 'pitu pulu',
	[8] = 'ualu pulu',
	[9] = 'sia pulu'
}

local tens_position_ord = {
	[2] = 'twentieth',
	[3] = 'thirtieth',
	[4] = 'fortieth',
	[5] = 'fiftieth',
	[6] = 'sixtieth',
	[7] = 'seventieth',
	[8] = 'eightieth',
	[9] = 'ninetieth'
}

local tens_position_plural = {
	[2] = 'twenties',
	[3] = 'thirties',
	[4] = 'forties',
	[5] = 'fifties',
	[6] = 'sixties',
	[7] = 'seventies',
	[8] = 'eighties',
	[9] = 'nineties'
}

local groups = {
	[1] = 'thousand',
	[2] = 'million',
	[3] = 'billion',
	[4] = 'trillion',
	[5] = 'quadrillion',
	[6] = 'quintillion',
	[7] = 'sextillion',
	[8] = 'septillion',
	[9] = 'octillion',
	[10] = 'nonillion',
	[11] = 'decillion',
	[12] = 'undecillion',
	[13] = 'duodecillion',
	[14] = 'tredecillion',
	[15] = 'quattuordecillion',
	[16] = 'quindecillion',
	[17] = 'sexdecillion',
	[18] = 'septendecillion',
	[19] = 'octodecillion',
	[20] = 'novemdecillion',
	[21] = 'vigintillion',
	[22] = 'unvigintillion',
	[23] = 'duovigintillion',
	[24] = 'tresvigintillion',
	[25] = 'quattuorvigintillion',
	[26] = 'quinquavigintillion',
	[27] = 'sesvigintillion',
	[28] = 'septemvigintillion',
	[29] = 'octovigintillion',
	[30] = 'novemvigintillion',
	[31] = 'trigintillion',
	[32] = 'untrigintillion',
	[33] = 'duotrigintillion',
	[34] = 'trestrigintillion',
	[35] = 'quattuortrigintillion',
	[36] = 'quinquatrigintillion',
	[37] = 'sestrigintillion',
	[38] = 'septentrigintillion',
	[39] = 'octotrigintillion',
	[40] = 'noventrigintillion',
	[41] = 'quadragintillion',
	[51] = 'quinquagintillion',
	[61] = 'sexagintillion',
	[71] = 'septuagintillion',
	[81] = 'octogintillion',
	[91] = 'nonagintillion',
	[101] = 'centillion',
	[102] = 'uncentillion',
	[103] = 'duocentillion',
	[104] = 'trescentillion',
	[111] = 'decicentillion',
	[112] = 'undecicentillion',
	[121] = 'viginticentillion',
	[122] = 'unviginticentillion',
	[131] = 'trigintacentillion',
	[141] = 'quadragintacentillion',
	[151] = 'quinquagintacentillion',
	[161] = 'sexagintacentillion',
	[171] = 'septuagintacentillion',
	[181] = 'octogintacentillion',
	[191] = 'nonagintacentillion',
	[201] = 'ducentillion',
	[301] = 'trecentillion',
	[401] = 'quadringentillion',
	[501] = 'quingentillion',
	[601] = 'sescentillion',
	[701] = 'septingentillion',
	[801] = 'octingentillion',
	[901] = 'nongentillion',
	[1001] = 'millinillion',
}

local roman_numerals = {
	I = 1,
	V = 5,
	X = 10,
	L = 50,
	C = 100,
	D = 500,
	M = 1000
}

local engord_tens_end  = {
	['twentieth']	= 20,
	['thirtieth']	= 30,
	['fortieth']	= 40,
	['fiftieth']	= 50,
	['sixtieth']	= 60,
	['seventieth']	= 70,
	['eightieth']	= 80,
	['ninetieth']	= 90,
}

local eng_tens_cont = {
	['dua pulu']	= 20,
	['tolu pulu']	= 30,
	['opat pulu']	= 40,
	['lima pulu']	= 50,
	['onom pulu']	= 60,
	['pitu pulu']	= 70,
	['ualu pulu']	= 80,
	['sia pulu']	= 90,
}

-- Converts a given valid roman numeral (and some invalid roman numerals) to a number. Returns { -1, errorstring } on error.
local function roman_to_numeral(roman)
	if type(roman) ~= &quot;string&quot; then return -1, &quot;roman numeral not a string&quot; end
	local rev = roman:reverse()
	local raising = true
	local last = 0
	local result = 0
	for i = 1, #rev do
		local c = rev:sub(i, i)
		local next = roman_numerals[c]
		if next == nil then return -1, &quot;roman numeral contains illegal character &quot; .. c end
		if next &gt; last then
			result = result + next
			raising = true
		elseif next &lt; last then
			result = result - next
			raising = false
		elseif raising then
			result = result + next
		else
			result = result - next
		end
		last = next
	end
	return result
end

-- Converts a given integer between 0 and 100 to English text (e.g. 47 -&gt; forty-seven).
local function numeral_to_english_less_100(num, ordinal, plural, zero)
	local terminal_ones, terminal_tens
	if ordinal then
		terminal_ones = ones_position_ord
		terminal_tens = tens_position_ord
	elseif plural then
		terminal_ones = ones_position_plural
		terminal_tens = tens_position_plural
	else
		terminal_ones = ones_position
		terminal_tens = tens_position
	end

	if num == 0 and zero ~= nil then
		return zero
	elseif num &lt; 20 then
		return terminal_ones[num]
	elseif num % 10 == 0 then
		return terminal_tens[num / 10]
	else
		return tens_position[math.floor(num / 10)] .. '-' .. terminal_ones[num % 10]
	end
end

local function standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	if ordinal then return 'th' end
	if plural then return 's' end
	return ''
end

-- Converts a given integer (in string form) between 0 and 1000 to English text (e.g. 47 -&gt; forty-seven).
local function numeral_to_english_less_1000(num, use_and, ordinal, plural, zero)
	num = tonumber(num)
	if num &lt; 100 then
		return numeral_to_english_less_100(num, ordinal, plural, zero)
	elseif num % 100 == 0 then
		return ones_position[num/100] .. ' hundred' .. standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	else
		return ones_position[math.floor(num/100)] .. ' hundred ' .. (use_and and 'and ' or '') .. numeral_to_english_less_100(num % 100, ordinal, plural, zero)
	end
end

-- Converts an ordinal in English text from 'zeroth' to 'ninety-ninth' inclusive to a number [0–99], else -1.
local function english_to_ordinal(english)
	local eng = string.lower(english or '')

	local engord_lt20 = {} -- ones_position_ord{} keys &amp; values swapped
	for k, v in pairs( ones_position_ord ) do
		engord_lt20[v] = k
	end

	if engord_lt20[eng] then
		return engord_lt20[eng] -- e.g. first -&gt; 1
	elseif engord_tens_end[eng] then
		return engord_tens_end[eng] -- e.g. ninetieth -&gt; 90
	else
		local tens, ones = string.match(eng, '^([a-z]+)[%s%-]+([a-z]+)$')
		if tens and ones then
			local tens_cont = eng_tens_cont[tens]
			local ones_end  = engord_lt20[ones]
			if tens_cont and ones_end then
				return tens_cont + ones_end -- e.g. ninety-ninth -&gt; 99
			end
		end
	end
	return -1 -- Failed
end

-- Converts a number in English text from 'zero' to 'ninety-nine' inclusive to a number [0–99], else -1.
local function english_to_numeral(english)
	local eng = string.lower(english or '')

	local eng_lt20 = { ['single'] = 1 } -- ones_position{} keys &amp; values swapped
	for k, v in pairs( ones_position ) do
		eng_lt20[v] = k
	end

	if eng_lt20[eng] then
		return eng_lt20[eng] -- e.g. one -&gt; 1
	elseif eng_tens_cont[eng] then
		return eng_tens_cont[eng] -- e.g. ninety -&gt; 90
	else
		local tens, ones = string.match(eng, '^([a-z]+)[%s%-]+([a-z]+)$')
		if tens and ones then
			local tens_cont = eng_tens_cont[tens]
			local ones_end  = eng_lt20[ones]
			if tens_cont and ones_end then
				return tens_cont + ones_end -- e.g. ninety-nine -&gt; 99
			end
		end
	end
	return -1 -- Failed
end

-- Converts a number expressed as a string in scientific notation to a string in standard decimal notation
-- e.g. 1.23E5 -&gt; 123000, 1.23E-5 = .0000123. Conversion is exact, no rounding is performed.
local function scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	local exponent, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]([+%-]?%d+)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if subs == 0 then return num end  -- Input not in scientific notation, just return unmodified
	exponent = tonumber(exponent)

	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	local _, decimal_pos = num:find(&quot;%.&quot;)
	-- Mantissa will consist of all decimal digits with no decimal point
	local mantissa = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?(%d*)%.?(%d*)%-?[Ee][+%-]?%d+$&quot;, &quot;%1%2&quot;)
	if negative and decimal_pos then decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1 end
	if not decimal_pos then decimal_pos = #mantissa + 1 end

	-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
	while decimal_pos &gt; 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
		mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
	end
	-- Shift decimal point right for exponent &gt; 0
	while exponent &gt; 0 do
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos + 1
		exponent = exponent - 1
		if decimal_pos &gt; #mantissa + 1 then mantissa = mantissa .. '0' end
		-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
		while decimal_pos &gt; 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
			mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
	end
	-- Shift decimal point left for exponent &lt; 0
	while exponent &lt; 0 do
		if decimal_pos == 1 then
			mantissa = '0' .. mantissa
		else
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
		exponent = exponent + 1
	end

	-- Insert decimal point in correct position and return
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. mantissa:sub(1, decimal_pos - 1) .. '.' .. mantissa:sub(decimal_pos)
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest integer (NOT USED)
local function round_num(x)
	if x%1 &gt;= 0.5 then
		return math.ceil(x)
	else
		return math.floor(x)
	end
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest two-word number (round = up, down, or &quot;on&quot; for round to nearest).
-- Numbers with two digits before the decimal will be rounded to an integer as specified by round.
-- Larger numbers will be rounded to a number with only one nonzero digit in front and all other digits zero.
-- Negative sign is preserved and does not count towards word limit.
local function round_for_english(num, round)
	-- If an integer with at most two digits, just return
	if num:find(&quot;^%-?%d?%d%.?$&quot;) then return num end

	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	if negative then
		-- We're rounding magnitude so flip it
		if round == 'up' then round = 'down' elseif round == 'down' then round = 'up' end
	end

	-- If at most two digits before decimal, round to integer and return
	local _, _, small_int, trailing_digits, round_digit = num:find(&quot;^%-?(%d?%d?)%.((%d)%d*)$&quot;)
	if small_int then
		if small_int == '' then small_int = '0' end
		if (round == 'up' and trailing_digits:find('[1-9]')) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) &gt;= 5) then
			small_int = tostring(tonumber(small_int) + 1)
		end
		return (negative and '-' or '') .. small_int
	end

	-- When rounding up, any number with &gt; 1 nonzero digit will round up (e.g. 1000000.001 rounds up to 2000000)
	local nonzero_digits = 0
	for digit in num:gfind(&quot;[1-9]&quot;) do
		nonzero_digits = nonzero_digits + 1
	end

	num = num:gsub(&quot;%.%d*$&quot;, &quot;&quot;) -- Remove decimal part
	-- Second digit used to determine which way to round lead digit
	local _, _, lead_digit, round_digit, round_digit_2, rest = num:find(&quot;^%-?(%d)(%d)(%d)(%d*)$&quot;)
	if tonumber(lead_digit .. round_digit) &lt; 20 and (1 + #rest) % 3 == 0 then
		-- In English numbers &lt; 20 are one word so put 2 digits in lead and round based on 3rd
		lead_digit = lead_digit .. round_digit
		round_digit = round_digit_2
	else
		rest = round_digit_2 .. rest
	end

	if (round == 'up' and nonzero_digits &gt; 1) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) &gt;= 5) then
		lead_digit = tostring(tonumber(lead_digit) + 1)
	end
	-- All digits but lead digit will turn to zero
	rest = rest:gsub(&quot;%d&quot;, &quot;0&quot;)
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. lead_digit .. '0' .. rest
end

local denominators = {
	[2] = { 'half', plural = 'halves' },
	[3] = { 'third' },
	[4] = { 'quarter', us = 'fourth' },
	[5] = { 'fifth' },
	[6] = { 'sixth' },
	[8] = { 'eighth' },
	[9] = { 'ninth' },
	[10] = { 'tenth' },
	[16] = { 'sixteenth' },
}

-- Return status, fraction where:
-- status is a string:
--     &quot;finished&quot; if there is a fraction with no whole number;
--     &quot;ok&quot; if fraction is empty or valid;
--     &quot;unsupported&quot; if bad fraction;
-- fraction is a string giving (numerator / denominator) as English text, or is &quot;&quot;.
-- Only unsigned fractions with a very limited range of values are supported,
-- except that if whole is empty, the numerator can use &quot;-&quot; to indicate negative.
-- whole (string or nil): nil or &quot;&quot; if no number before the fraction
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator, if any (default = 1 if a denominator is given)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator, if any
-- sp_us (boolean): true if sp=us
-- negative_word (string): word to use for negative sign, if whole is empty
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → &quot;two and a half&quot;; true: &quot;two and one-half&quot;
local function fraction_to_english(whole, numerator, denominator, sp_us, negative_word, use_one)
	if numerator or denominator then
		local finished = (whole == nil or whole == '')
		local sign = ''
		if numerator then
			if finished and numerator:sub(1, 1) == '-' then
				numerator = numerator:sub(2)
				sign = negative_word .. ' '
			end
		else
			numerator = '1'
		end
		if not numerator:match('^%d+$') or not denominator or not denominator:match('^%d+$') then
			return 'unsupported', ''
		end
		numerator = tonumber(numerator)
		denominator = tonumber(denominator)
		local dendata = denominators[denominator]
		if not (dendata and 1 &lt;= numerator and numerator &lt;= 99) then
			return 'unsupported', ''
		end
		local numstr, denstr
		local sep = '-'
		if numerator == 1 then
			denstr = sp_us and dendata.us or dendata[1]
			if finished or use_one then
				numstr = 'one'
			elseif denstr:match('^[aeiou]') then
				numstr = 'an'
				sep = ' '
			else
				numstr = 'a'
				sep = ' '
			end
		else
			numstr = numeral_to_english_less_100(numerator)
			denstr = dendata.plural
			if not denstr then
				denstr = (sp_us and dendata.us or dendata[1]) .. 's'
			end
		end
		if finished then
			return 'finished', sign .. numstr .. sep .. denstr
		end
		return 'ok', ' and ' .. numstr .. sep .. denstr
	end
	return 'ok', ''
end

-- Takes a decimal number and converts it to English text.
-- Return nil if a fraction cannot be converted (only some numbers are supported for fractions).
-- num (string or nil): the number to convert.
--      Can be an arbitrarily large decimal, such as &quot;-123456789123456789.345&quot;, and
--      can use scientific notation (e.g. &quot;1.23E5&quot;).
--      May fail for very large numbers not listed in &quot;groups&quot; such as &quot;1E4000&quot;.
--      num is nil if there is no whole number before a fraction.
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- capitalize (boolean): whether to capitalize the result (e.g. 'One' instead of 'one')
-- use_and (boolean): whether to use the word 'and' between tens/ones place and higher places
-- hyphenate (boolean): whether to hyphenate all words in the result, useful as an adjective
-- ordinal (boolean): whether to produce an ordinal (e.g. 'first' instead of 'one')
-- plural (boolean): whether to pluralize the resulting number
-- links: nil: do not add any links; 'on': link &quot;billion&quot; and larger to Orders of magnitude article;
--        any other text: list of numbers to link (e.g. &quot;billion,quadrillion&quot;)
-- negative_word: word to use for negative sign (typically 'negative' or 'minus'; nil to use default)
-- round: nil or '': no rounding; 'on': round to nearest two-word number; 'up'/'down': round up/down to two-word number
-- zero: word to use for value '0' (nil to use default)
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → &quot;two and a half&quot;; true: &quot;two and one-half&quot;
local function _numeral_to_english(num, numerator, denominator, capitalize, use_and, hyphenate, ordinal, plural, links, negative_word, round, zero, use_one)
	if not negative_word then
		if use_and then
			-- TODO Should 'minus' be used when do not have sp=us?
			--      If so, need to update testcases, and need to fix &quot;minus zero&quot;.
			-- negative_word = 'minus'
			negative_word = 'negative'
		else
			negative_word = 'negative'
		end
	end
	local status, fraction_text = fraction_to_english(num, numerator, denominator, not use_and, negative_word, use_one)
	if status == 'unsupported' then
		return nil
	end
	if status == 'finished' then
		-- Input is a fraction with no whole number.
		-- Hack to avoid executing stuff that depends on num being a number.
		local s = fraction_text
		if hyphenate then s = s:gsub(&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;-&quot;) end
		if capitalize then s = s:gsub(&quot;^%l&quot;, string.upper) end
		return s
	end
	num = scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	if round and round ~= '' then
		if round ~= 'on' and round ~= 'up' and round ~= 'down' then
			error(&quot;Invalid rounding mode&quot;)
		end
		num = round_for_english(num, round)
	end

	-- Separate into negative sign, num (digits before decimal), decimal_places (digits after decimal)
	local MINUS = '−'  -- Unicode U+2212 MINUS SIGN (may be in values from [[Module:Convert]])
	if num:sub(1, #MINUS) == MINUS then
		num = '-' .. num:sub(#MINUS + 1)  -- replace MINUS with '-'
	elseif num:sub(1, 1) == '+' then
		num = num:sub(2)  -- ignore any '+'
	end
	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	local decimal_places, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?%d*%.(%d+)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if subs == 0 then decimal_places = nil end
	num, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?(%d*)%.?%d*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if num == '' and decimal_places then num = '0' end
	if subs == 0 or num == '' then error(&quot;Invalid decimal numeral&quot;) end

	-- For each group of 3 digits except the last one, print with appropriate group name (e.g. million)
	local s = ''
	while #num &gt; 3 do
		if s ~= '' then s = s .. ' ' end
		local group_num = math.floor((#num - 1) / 3)
		local group = groups[group_num]
		local group_digits = #num - group_num*3
		s = s .. numeral_to_english_less_1000(num:sub(1, group_digits), false, false, false, zero) .. ' '
		if links and (((links == 'on' and group_num &gt;= 3) or links:find(group)) and group_num &lt;= 13) then
			s = s .. '[[Orders_of_magnitude_(numbers)#10' .. group_num*3 .. '|' .. group .. ']]'
		else
			s = s .. group
		end
		num = num:sub(1 + group_digits)
		num = num:gsub(&quot;^0*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)  -- Trim leading zeros
	end

	-- Handle final three digits of integer part
	if s ~= '' and num ~= '' then
		if #num &lt;= 2 and use_and then
			s = s .. ' and '
		else
			s = s .. ' '
		end
	end
	if s == '' or num ~= '' then
		s = s .. numeral_to_english_less_1000(num, use_and, ordinal, plural, zero)
	elseif ordinal or plural then
		-- Round numbers like &quot;one million&quot; take standard suffixes for ordinal/plural
		s = s .. standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	end

	-- For decimal places (if any) output &quot;point&quot; followed by spelling out digit by digit
	if decimal_places then
		s = s .. ' point'
		for i = 1, #decimal_places do
			s = s .. ' ' .. ones_position[tonumber(decimal_places:sub(i,i))]
		end
	end

	s = s:gsub(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)   -- Trim whitespace
	if ordinal and plural then s = s .. 's' end  -- s suffix works for all ordinals
	if negative and s ~= zero then s = negative_word .. ' ' .. s end
	s = s:gsub(&quot;negative zero&quot;, &quot;zero&quot;)
	s = s .. fraction_text
	if hyphenate then s = s:gsub(&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;-&quot;) end
	if capitalize then s = s:gsub(&quot;^%l&quot;, string.upper) end
	return s
end

local function _numeral_to_english2(args)
	local num = tostring(args.num)

	num = num:gsub(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)   -- Trim whitespace
	num = num:gsub(&quot;,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)   -- Remove commas
	num = num:gsub(&quot;^&lt;span[^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;) -- Generated by Template:age
	if num ~= '' then  -- a fraction may have an empty whole number
		if not num:find(&quot;^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]?[+%-]?%d*$&quot;) then
			-- Input not in a valid format, try to eval it as an expr to see
			-- if that produces a number (e.g. &quot;3 + 5&quot; will become &quot;8&quot;).
			local noerr, result = pcall(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr, num)
			if noerr then
				num = result
			end
		end
	end

	-- Call helper function passing args
	return _numeral_to_english(
		num,
		args['numerator'],
		args['denominator'],
		args['capitalize'],
		args['use_and'],
		args['hyphenate'],
		args['ordinal'],
		args['plural'],
		args['links'],
		args['negative_word'],
		args['round'],
		args['zero'],
		args['use_one']
	) or ''
end

local p = {  -- Functions that can be called from another module
	roman_to_numeral = roman_to_numeral,
	spell_number = _numeral_to_english,
	spell_number2 = _numeral_to_english2,
	english_to_ordinal = english_to_ordinal,
	english_to_numeral = english_to_numeral,
}

function p._roman_to_numeral(frame) -- Callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_roman_to_numeral|VI}}
	return roman_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p._english_to_ordinal(frame) -- callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_english_to_ordinal|First}}
	return english_to_ordinal(frame.args[1])
end

function p._english_to_numeral(frame) -- callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_english_to_numeral|One}}
	return english_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p.numeral_to_english(frame)
	local args = frame.args
	-- Tail call to helper function passing args from frame
	return _numeral_to_english2{
		['num'] = args[1],
		['numerator'] = args['numerator'],
		['denominator'] = args['denominator'],
		['capitalize'] = args['case'] == 'U' or args['case'] == 'u',
		['use_and'] = args['sp'] ~= 'us',
		['hyphenate'] = args['adj'] == 'on',
		['ordinal'] = args['ord'] == 'on',
		['plural'] = args['pl'] == 'on',
		['links'] = args['lk'],
		['negative_word'] = args['negative'],
		['round'] = args['round'],
		['zero'] = args['zero'],
		['use_one'] = args['one'] == 'one'  -- experiment: using '|one=one' makes fraction 2+1/2 give &quot;two and one-half&quot; instead of &quot;two and a half&quot;
	}
end

---- recursive function for p.decToHex
local function decToHexDigit(dec)
	local dig = {&quot;0&quot;,&quot;1&quot;,&quot;2&quot;,&quot;3&quot;,&quot;4&quot;,&quot;5&quot;,&quot;6&quot;,&quot;7&quot;,&quot;8&quot;,&quot;9&quot;,&quot;A&quot;,&quot;B&quot;,&quot;C&quot;,&quot;D&quot;,&quot;E&quot;,&quot;F&quot;}
	local div = math.floor(dec/16)
	local mod = dec-(16*div)
	if div &gt;= 1 then return decToHexDigit(div)..dig[mod+1] else return dig[mod+1] end
end -- I think this is supposed to be done with a tail call but first I want something that works at all

---- finds all the decimal numbers in the input text and hexes each of them
function p.decToHex(frame)
	local args=frame.args
	local parent=frame.getParent(frame)
	local pargs={}
	if parent then pargs=parent.args end
	local text=args[1] or pargs[1] or &quot;&quot;
	local minlength=args.minlength or pargs.minlength or 1
	minlength=tonumber(minlength)
	local prowl=mw.ustring.gmatch(text,&quot;(.-)(%d+)&quot;)
	local output=&quot;&quot;
	repeat
		local chaff,dec=prowl()
		if not(dec) then break end
		local hex=decToHexDigit(dec)
		while (mw.ustring.len(hex)&lt;minlength) do hex=&quot;0&quot;..hex end
		output=output..chaff..hex
	until false
	local chaff=mw.ustring.match(text,&quot;(%D+)$&quot;) or &quot;&quot;
	return output..chaff
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>32bqsl00t9nrljdfxybjoqy5j6ukqjt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>17076</id>
      <parentid>17075</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-05T06:44:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gazartashlomo0907</username>
        <id>62</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>17076</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="23532" sha1="h27937bkfqn4jk3lp3bc9ezbwcbnm5r" xml:space="preserve">-- Module for converting between different representations of numbers. See talk page for user documentation.
-- For unit tests see: [[Module:ConvertNumeric/testcases]]
-- When editing, preview with: [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/testcases]]
-- First, edit [[Module:ConvertNumeric/sandbox]], then preview with [[Module_talk:ConvertNumeric/sandbox/testcases]]
require('strict')

local ones_position = {
	[0] = 'nol',
	[1] = 'sada',
	[2] = 'dua',
	[3] = 'tolu',
	[4] = 'opat',
	[5] = 'lima',
	[6] = 'onom',
	[7] = 'pitu',
	[8] = 'ualu',
	[9] = 'sia',
	[10] = 'sampulu',
	[11] = 'sampulu sada',
	[12] = 'sampulu dua',
	[13] = 'sampulu tolu',
	[14] = 'sampulu opat',
	[15] = 'sampulu lima',
	[16] = 'sampulu onom',
	[17] = 'sampulu pitu',
	[18] = 'sampulu ualu',
	[19] = 'sampulu sia'
}

local ones_position_ord = {
	[0] = 'nol',
	[1] = 'parjolo',
	[2] = 'paduahon',
	[3] = 'patoluhon',
	[4] = 'paopathon',
	[5] = 'palimahon',
	[6] = 'paonomhon',
	[7] = 'papituhon',
	[8] = 'paualuhon',
	[9] = 'pasiahon',
	[10] = 'pasampuluhon',
	[11] = 'pasampulusiahon',
	[12] = 'pasampuluduahon',
	[13] = 'pasampulutoluhon',
	[14] = 'pasampuluopathon',
	[15] = 'pasampululimahon',
	[16] = 'pasampuluonomhon',
	[17] = 'pasampulupituhon',
	[18] = 'pasampulualuhon',
	[19] = 'pasampulusiahon'
}

local ones_position_plural = {
	[0] = 'zeros',
	[1] = 'ones',
	[2] = 'twos',
	[3] = 'threes',
	[4] = 'fours',
	[5] = 'fives',
	[6] = 'sixes',
	[7] = 'sevens',
	[8] = 'eights',
	[9] = 'nines',
	[10] = 'tens',
	[11] = 'elevens',
	[12] = 'twelves',
	[13] = 'thirteens',
	[14] = 'fourteens',
	[15] = 'fifteens',
	[16] = 'sixteens',
	[17] = 'seventeens',
	[18] = 'eighteens',
	[19] = 'nineteens'
}

local tens_position = {
	[2] = 'dua pulu',
	[3] = 'tolu pulu',
	[4] = 'opat pulu',
	[5] = 'lima pulu',
	[6] = 'onom pulu',
	[7] = 'pitu pulu',
	[8] = 'ualu pulu',
	[9] = 'sia pulu'
}

local tens_position_ord = {
	[2] = 'paduapuluhon',
	[3] = 'patolupuluhon',
	[4] = 'paopatpuluhon',
	[5] = 'palimapuluhon',
	[6] = 'panonompuluhon',
	[7] = 'papitupuluhon',
	[8] = 'paualupuluhon',
	[9] = 'pasiapuluhon'
}

local tens_position_plural = {
	[2] = 'twenties',
	[3] = 'thirties',
	[4] = 'forties',
	[5] = 'fifties',
	[6] = 'sixties',
	[7] = 'seventies',
	[8] = 'eighties',
	[9] = 'nineties'
}

local groups = {
	[1] = 'thousand',
	[2] = 'million',
	[3] = 'billion',
	[4] = 'trillion',
	[5] = 'quadrillion',
	[6] = 'quintillion',
	[7] = 'sextillion',
	[8] = 'septillion',
	[9] = 'octillion',
	[10] = 'nonillion',
	[11] = 'decillion',
	[12] = 'undecillion',
	[13] = 'duodecillion',
	[14] = 'tredecillion',
	[15] = 'quattuordecillion',
	[16] = 'quindecillion',
	[17] = 'sexdecillion',
	[18] = 'septendecillion',
	[19] = 'octodecillion',
	[20] = 'novemdecillion',
	[21] = 'vigintillion',
	[22] = 'unvigintillion',
	[23] = 'duovigintillion',
	[24] = 'tresvigintillion',
	[25] = 'quattuorvigintillion',
	[26] = 'quinquavigintillion',
	[27] = 'sesvigintillion',
	[28] = 'septemvigintillion',
	[29] = 'octovigintillion',
	[30] = 'novemvigintillion',
	[31] = 'trigintillion',
	[32] = 'untrigintillion',
	[33] = 'duotrigintillion',
	[34] = 'trestrigintillion',
	[35] = 'quattuortrigintillion',
	[36] = 'quinquatrigintillion',
	[37] = 'sestrigintillion',
	[38] = 'septentrigintillion',
	[39] = 'octotrigintillion',
	[40] = 'noventrigintillion',
	[41] = 'quadragintillion',
	[51] = 'quinquagintillion',
	[61] = 'sexagintillion',
	[71] = 'septuagintillion',
	[81] = 'octogintillion',
	[91] = 'nonagintillion',
	[101] = 'centillion',
	[102] = 'uncentillion',
	[103] = 'duocentillion',
	[104] = 'trescentillion',
	[111] = 'decicentillion',
	[112] = 'undecicentillion',
	[121] = 'viginticentillion',
	[122] = 'unviginticentillion',
	[131] = 'trigintacentillion',
	[141] = 'quadragintacentillion',
	[151] = 'quinquagintacentillion',
	[161] = 'sexagintacentillion',
	[171] = 'septuagintacentillion',
	[181] = 'octogintacentillion',
	[191] = 'nonagintacentillion',
	[201] = 'ducentillion',
	[301] = 'trecentillion',
	[401] = 'quadringentillion',
	[501] = 'quingentillion',
	[601] = 'sescentillion',
	[701] = 'septingentillion',
	[801] = 'octingentillion',
	[901] = 'nongentillion',
	[1001] = 'millinillion',
}

local roman_numerals = {
	I = 1,
	V = 5,
	X = 10,
	L = 50,
	C = 100,
	D = 500,
	M = 1000
}

local engord_tens_end  = {
	['twentieth']	= 20,
	['thirtieth']	= 30,
	['fortieth']	= 40,
	['fiftieth']	= 50,
	['sixtieth']	= 60,
	['seventieth']	= 70,
	['eightieth']	= 80,
	['ninetieth']	= 90,
}

local eng_tens_cont = {
	['dua pulu']	= 20,
	['tolu pulu']	= 30,
	['opat pulu']	= 40,
	['lima pulu']	= 50,
	['onom pulu']	= 60,
	['pitu pulu']	= 70,
	['ualu pulu']	= 80,
	['sia pulu']	= 90,
}

-- Converts a given valid roman numeral (and some invalid roman numerals) to a number. Returns { -1, errorstring } on error.
local function roman_to_numeral(roman)
	if type(roman) ~= &quot;string&quot; then return -1, &quot;roman numeral not a string&quot; end
	local rev = roman:reverse()
	local raising = true
	local last = 0
	local result = 0
	for i = 1, #rev do
		local c = rev:sub(i, i)
		local next = roman_numerals[c]
		if next == nil then return -1, &quot;roman numeral contains illegal character &quot; .. c end
		if next &gt; last then
			result = result + next
			raising = true
		elseif next &lt; last then
			result = result - next
			raising = false
		elseif raising then
			result = result + next
		else
			result = result - next
		end
		last = next
	end
	return result
end

-- Converts a given integer between 0 and 100 to English text (e.g. 47 -&gt; forty-seven).
local function numeral_to_english_less_100(num, ordinal, plural, zero)
	local terminal_ones, terminal_tens
	if ordinal then
		terminal_ones = ones_position_ord
		terminal_tens = tens_position_ord
	elseif plural then
		terminal_ones = ones_position_plural
		terminal_tens = tens_position_plural
	else
		terminal_ones = ones_position
		terminal_tens = tens_position
	end

	if num == 0 and zero ~= nil then
		return zero
	elseif num &lt; 20 then
		return terminal_ones[num]
	elseif num % 10 == 0 then
		return terminal_tens[num / 10]
	else
		return tens_position[math.floor(num / 10)] .. '-' .. terminal_ones[num % 10]
	end
end

local function standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	if ordinal then return 'th' end
	if plural then return 's' end
	return ''
end

-- Converts a given integer (in string form) between 0 and 1000 to English text (e.g. 47 -&gt; forty-seven).
local function numeral_to_english_less_1000(num, use_and, ordinal, plural, zero)
	num = tonumber(num)
	if num &lt; 100 then
		return numeral_to_english_less_100(num, ordinal, plural, zero)
	elseif num % 100 == 0 then
		return ones_position[num/100] .. ' hundred' .. standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	else
		return ones_position[math.floor(num/100)] .. ' hundred ' .. (use_and and 'and ' or '') .. numeral_to_english_less_100(num % 100, ordinal, plural, zero)
	end
end

-- Converts an ordinal in English text from 'zeroth' to 'ninety-ninth' inclusive to a number [0–99], else -1.
local function english_to_ordinal(english)
	local eng = string.lower(english or '')

	local engord_lt20 = {} -- ones_position_ord{} keys &amp; values swapped
	for k, v in pairs( ones_position_ord ) do
		engord_lt20[v] = k
	end

	if engord_lt20[eng] then
		return engord_lt20[eng] -- e.g. first -&gt; 1
	elseif engord_tens_end[eng] then
		return engord_tens_end[eng] -- e.g. ninetieth -&gt; 90
	else
		local tens, ones = string.match(eng, '^([a-z]+)[%s%-]+([a-z]+)$')
		if tens and ones then
			local tens_cont = eng_tens_cont[tens]
			local ones_end  = engord_lt20[ones]
			if tens_cont and ones_end then
				return tens_cont + ones_end -- e.g. ninety-ninth -&gt; 99
			end
		end
	end
	return -1 -- Failed
end

-- Converts a number in English text from 'zero' to 'ninety-nine' inclusive to a number [0–99], else -1.
local function english_to_numeral(english)
	local eng = string.lower(english or '')

	local eng_lt20 = { ['single'] = 1 } -- ones_position{} keys &amp; values swapped
	for k, v in pairs( ones_position ) do
		eng_lt20[v] = k
	end

	if eng_lt20[eng] then
		return eng_lt20[eng] -- e.g. one -&gt; 1
	elseif eng_tens_cont[eng] then
		return eng_tens_cont[eng] -- e.g. ninety -&gt; 90
	else
		local tens, ones = string.match(eng, '^([a-z]+)[%s%-]+([a-z]+)$')
		if tens and ones then
			local tens_cont = eng_tens_cont[tens]
			local ones_end  = eng_lt20[ones]
			if tens_cont and ones_end then
				return tens_cont + ones_end -- e.g. ninety-nine -&gt; 99
			end
		end
	end
	return -1 -- Failed
end

-- Converts a number expressed as a string in scientific notation to a string in standard decimal notation
-- e.g. 1.23E5 -&gt; 123000, 1.23E-5 = .0000123. Conversion is exact, no rounding is performed.
local function scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	local exponent, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]([+%-]?%d+)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if subs == 0 then return num end  -- Input not in scientific notation, just return unmodified
	exponent = tonumber(exponent)

	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	local _, decimal_pos = num:find(&quot;%.&quot;)
	-- Mantissa will consist of all decimal digits with no decimal point
	local mantissa = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?(%d*)%.?(%d*)%-?[Ee][+%-]?%d+$&quot;, &quot;%1%2&quot;)
	if negative and decimal_pos then decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1 end
	if not decimal_pos then decimal_pos = #mantissa + 1 end

	-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
	while decimal_pos &gt; 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
		mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
	end
	-- Shift decimal point right for exponent &gt; 0
	while exponent &gt; 0 do
		decimal_pos = decimal_pos + 1
		exponent = exponent - 1
		if decimal_pos &gt; #mantissa + 1 then mantissa = mantissa .. '0' end
		-- Remove leading zeros unless decimal point is in first position
		while decimal_pos &gt; 1 and mantissa:sub(1,1) == '0' do
			mantissa = mantissa:sub(2)
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
	end
	-- Shift decimal point left for exponent &lt; 0
	while exponent &lt; 0 do
		if decimal_pos == 1 then
			mantissa = '0' .. mantissa
		else
			decimal_pos = decimal_pos - 1
		end
		exponent = exponent + 1
	end

	-- Insert decimal point in correct position and return
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. mantissa:sub(1, decimal_pos - 1) .. '.' .. mantissa:sub(decimal_pos)
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest integer (NOT USED)
local function round_num(x)
	if x%1 &gt;= 0.5 then
		return math.ceil(x)
	else
		return math.floor(x)
	end
end

-- Rounds a number to the nearest two-word number (round = up, down, or &quot;on&quot; for round to nearest).
-- Numbers with two digits before the decimal will be rounded to an integer as specified by round.
-- Larger numbers will be rounded to a number with only one nonzero digit in front and all other digits zero.
-- Negative sign is preserved and does not count towards word limit.
local function round_for_english(num, round)
	-- If an integer with at most two digits, just return
	if num:find(&quot;^%-?%d?%d%.?$&quot;) then return num end

	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	if negative then
		-- We're rounding magnitude so flip it
		if round == 'up' then round = 'down' elseif round == 'down' then round = 'up' end
	end

	-- If at most two digits before decimal, round to integer and return
	local _, _, small_int, trailing_digits, round_digit = num:find(&quot;^%-?(%d?%d?)%.((%d)%d*)$&quot;)
	if small_int then
		if small_int == '' then small_int = '0' end
		if (round == 'up' and trailing_digits:find('[1-9]')) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) &gt;= 5) then
			small_int = tostring(tonumber(small_int) + 1)
		end
		return (negative and '-' or '') .. small_int
	end

	-- When rounding up, any number with &gt; 1 nonzero digit will round up (e.g. 1000000.001 rounds up to 2000000)
	local nonzero_digits = 0
	for digit in num:gfind(&quot;[1-9]&quot;) do
		nonzero_digits = nonzero_digits + 1
	end

	num = num:gsub(&quot;%.%d*$&quot;, &quot;&quot;) -- Remove decimal part
	-- Second digit used to determine which way to round lead digit
	local _, _, lead_digit, round_digit, round_digit_2, rest = num:find(&quot;^%-?(%d)(%d)(%d)(%d*)$&quot;)
	if tonumber(lead_digit .. round_digit) &lt; 20 and (1 + #rest) % 3 == 0 then
		-- In English numbers &lt; 20 are one word so put 2 digits in lead and round based on 3rd
		lead_digit = lead_digit .. round_digit
		round_digit = round_digit_2
	else
		rest = round_digit_2 .. rest
	end

	if (round == 'up' and nonzero_digits &gt; 1) or (round == 'on' and tonumber(round_digit) &gt;= 5) then
		lead_digit = tostring(tonumber(lead_digit) + 1)
	end
	-- All digits but lead digit will turn to zero
	rest = rest:gsub(&quot;%d&quot;, &quot;0&quot;)
	return (negative and '-' or '') .. lead_digit .. '0' .. rest
end

local denominators = {
	[2] = { 'half', plural = 'halves' },
	[3] = { 'third' },
	[4] = { 'quarter', us = 'fourth' },
	[5] = { 'fifth' },
	[6] = { 'sixth' },
	[8] = { 'eighth' },
	[9] = { 'ninth' },
	[10] = { 'tenth' },
	[16] = { 'sixteenth' },
}

-- Return status, fraction where:
-- status is a string:
--     &quot;finished&quot; if there is a fraction with no whole number;
--     &quot;ok&quot; if fraction is empty or valid;
--     &quot;unsupported&quot; if bad fraction;
-- fraction is a string giving (numerator / denominator) as English text, or is &quot;&quot;.
-- Only unsigned fractions with a very limited range of values are supported,
-- except that if whole is empty, the numerator can use &quot;-&quot; to indicate negative.
-- whole (string or nil): nil or &quot;&quot; if no number before the fraction
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator, if any (default = 1 if a denominator is given)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator, if any
-- sp_us (boolean): true if sp=us
-- negative_word (string): word to use for negative sign, if whole is empty
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → &quot;two and a half&quot;; true: &quot;two and one-half&quot;
local function fraction_to_english(whole, numerator, denominator, sp_us, negative_word, use_one)
	if numerator or denominator then
		local finished = (whole == nil or whole == '')
		local sign = ''
		if numerator then
			if finished and numerator:sub(1, 1) == '-' then
				numerator = numerator:sub(2)
				sign = negative_word .. ' '
			end
		else
			numerator = '1'
		end
		if not numerator:match('^%d+$') or not denominator or not denominator:match('^%d+$') then
			return 'unsupported', ''
		end
		numerator = tonumber(numerator)
		denominator = tonumber(denominator)
		local dendata = denominators[denominator]
		if not (dendata and 1 &lt;= numerator and numerator &lt;= 99) then
			return 'unsupported', ''
		end
		local numstr, denstr
		local sep = '-'
		if numerator == 1 then
			denstr = sp_us and dendata.us or dendata[1]
			if finished or use_one then
				numstr = 'one'
			elseif denstr:match('^[aeiou]') then
				numstr = 'an'
				sep = ' '
			else
				numstr = 'a'
				sep = ' '
			end
		else
			numstr = numeral_to_english_less_100(numerator)
			denstr = dendata.plural
			if not denstr then
				denstr = (sp_us and dendata.us or dendata[1]) .. 's'
			end
		end
		if finished then
			return 'finished', sign .. numstr .. sep .. denstr
		end
		return 'ok', ' and ' .. numstr .. sep .. denstr
	end
	return 'ok', ''
end

-- Takes a decimal number and converts it to English text.
-- Return nil if a fraction cannot be converted (only some numbers are supported for fractions).
-- num (string or nil): the number to convert.
--      Can be an arbitrarily large decimal, such as &quot;-123456789123456789.345&quot;, and
--      can use scientific notation (e.g. &quot;1.23E5&quot;).
--      May fail for very large numbers not listed in &quot;groups&quot; such as &quot;1E4000&quot;.
--      num is nil if there is no whole number before a fraction.
-- numerator (string or nil): numerator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- denominator (string or nil): denominator of fraction (nil if no fraction)
-- capitalize (boolean): whether to capitalize the result (e.g. 'One' instead of 'one')
-- use_and (boolean): whether to use the word 'and' between tens/ones place and higher places
-- hyphenate (boolean): whether to hyphenate all words in the result, useful as an adjective
-- ordinal (boolean): whether to produce an ordinal (e.g. 'first' instead of 'one')
-- plural (boolean): whether to pluralize the resulting number
-- links: nil: do not add any links; 'on': link &quot;billion&quot; and larger to Orders of magnitude article;
--        any other text: list of numbers to link (e.g. &quot;billion,quadrillion&quot;)
-- negative_word: word to use for negative sign (typically 'negative' or 'minus'; nil to use default)
-- round: nil or '': no rounding; 'on': round to nearest two-word number; 'up'/'down': round up/down to two-word number
-- zero: word to use for value '0' (nil to use default)
-- use_one (boolean): false: 2+1/2 → &quot;two and a half&quot;; true: &quot;two and one-half&quot;
local function _numeral_to_english(num, numerator, denominator, capitalize, use_and, hyphenate, ordinal, plural, links, negative_word, round, zero, use_one)
	if not negative_word then
		if use_and then
			-- TODO Should 'minus' be used when do not have sp=us?
			--      If so, need to update testcases, and need to fix &quot;minus zero&quot;.
			-- negative_word = 'minus'
			negative_word = 'negative'
		else
			negative_word = 'negative'
		end
	end
	local status, fraction_text = fraction_to_english(num, numerator, denominator, not use_and, negative_word, use_one)
	if status == 'unsupported' then
		return nil
	end
	if status == 'finished' then
		-- Input is a fraction with no whole number.
		-- Hack to avoid executing stuff that depends on num being a number.
		local s = fraction_text
		if hyphenate then s = s:gsub(&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;-&quot;) end
		if capitalize then s = s:gsub(&quot;^%l&quot;, string.upper) end
		return s
	end
	num = scientific_notation_to_decimal(num)
	if round and round ~= '' then
		if round ~= 'on' and round ~= 'up' and round ~= 'down' then
			error(&quot;Invalid rounding mode&quot;)
		end
		num = round_for_english(num, round)
	end

	-- Separate into negative sign, num (digits before decimal), decimal_places (digits after decimal)
	local MINUS = '−'  -- Unicode U+2212 MINUS SIGN (may be in values from [[Module:Convert]])
	if num:sub(1, #MINUS) == MINUS then
		num = '-' .. num:sub(#MINUS + 1)  -- replace MINUS with '-'
	elseif num:sub(1, 1) == '+' then
		num = num:sub(2)  -- ignore any '+'
	end
	local negative = num:find(&quot;^%-&quot;)
	local decimal_places, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?%d*%.(%d+)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if subs == 0 then decimal_places = nil end
	num, subs = num:gsub(&quot;^%-?(%d*)%.?%d*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)
	if num == '' and decimal_places then num = '0' end
	if subs == 0 or num == '' then error(&quot;Invalid decimal numeral&quot;) end

	-- For each group of 3 digits except the last one, print with appropriate group name (e.g. million)
	local s = ''
	while #num &gt; 3 do
		if s ~= '' then s = s .. ' ' end
		local group_num = math.floor((#num - 1) / 3)
		local group = groups[group_num]
		local group_digits = #num - group_num*3
		s = s .. numeral_to_english_less_1000(num:sub(1, group_digits), false, false, false, zero) .. ' '
		if links and (((links == 'on' and group_num &gt;= 3) or links:find(group)) and group_num &lt;= 13) then
			s = s .. '[[Orders_of_magnitude_(numbers)#10' .. group_num*3 .. '|' .. group .. ']]'
		else
			s = s .. group
		end
		num = num:sub(1 + group_digits)
		num = num:gsub(&quot;^0*&quot;, &quot;&quot;)  -- Trim leading zeros
	end

	-- Handle final three digits of integer part
	if s ~= '' and num ~= '' then
		if #num &lt;= 2 and use_and then
			s = s .. ' and '
		else
			s = s .. ' '
		end
	end
	if s == '' or num ~= '' then
		s = s .. numeral_to_english_less_1000(num, use_and, ordinal, plural, zero)
	elseif ordinal or plural then
		-- Round numbers like &quot;one million&quot; take standard suffixes for ordinal/plural
		s = s .. standard_suffix(ordinal, plural)
	end

	-- For decimal places (if any) output &quot;point&quot; followed by spelling out digit by digit
	if decimal_places then
		s = s .. ' point'
		for i = 1, #decimal_places do
			s = s .. ' ' .. ones_position[tonumber(decimal_places:sub(i,i))]
		end
	end

	s = s:gsub(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)   -- Trim whitespace
	if ordinal and plural then s = s .. 's' end  -- s suffix works for all ordinals
	if negative and s ~= zero then s = negative_word .. ' ' .. s end
	s = s:gsub(&quot;negative zero&quot;, &quot;zero&quot;)
	s = s .. fraction_text
	if hyphenate then s = s:gsub(&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;-&quot;) end
	if capitalize then s = s:gsub(&quot;^%l&quot;, string.upper) end
	return s
end

local function _numeral_to_english2(args)
	local num = tostring(args.num)

	num = num:gsub(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;)   -- Trim whitespace
	num = num:gsub(&quot;,&quot;, &quot;&quot;)   -- Remove commas
	num = num:gsub(&quot;^&lt;span[^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot;) -- Generated by Template:age
	if num ~= '' then  -- a fraction may have an empty whole number
		if not num:find(&quot;^%-?%d*%.?%d*%-?[Ee]?[+%-]?%d*$&quot;) then
			-- Input not in a valid format, try to eval it as an expr to see
			-- if that produces a number (e.g. &quot;3 + 5&quot; will become &quot;8&quot;).
			local noerr, result = pcall(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr, num)
			if noerr then
				num = result
			end
		end
	end

	-- Call helper function passing args
	return _numeral_to_english(
		num,
		args['numerator'],
		args['denominator'],
		args['capitalize'],
		args['use_and'],
		args['hyphenate'],
		args['ordinal'],
		args['plural'],
		args['links'],
		args['negative_word'],
		args['round'],
		args['zero'],
		args['use_one']
	) or ''
end

local p = {  -- Functions that can be called from another module
	roman_to_numeral = roman_to_numeral,
	spell_number = _numeral_to_english,
	spell_number2 = _numeral_to_english2,
	english_to_ordinal = english_to_ordinal,
	english_to_numeral = english_to_numeral,
}

function p._roman_to_numeral(frame) -- Callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_roman_to_numeral|VI}}
	return roman_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p._english_to_ordinal(frame) -- callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_english_to_ordinal|First}}
	return english_to_ordinal(frame.args[1])
end

function p._english_to_numeral(frame) -- callable via {{#invoke:ConvertNumeric|_english_to_numeral|One}}
	return english_to_numeral(frame.args[1])
end

function p.numeral_to_english(frame)
	local args = frame.args
	-- Tail call to helper function passing args from frame
	return _numeral_to_english2{
		['num'] = args[1],
		['numerator'] = args['numerator'],
		['denominator'] = args['denominator'],
		['capitalize'] = args['case'] == 'U' or args['case'] == 'u',
		['use_and'] = args['sp'] ~= 'us',
		['hyphenate'] = args['adj'] == 'on',
		['ordinal'] = args['ord'] == 'on',
		['plural'] = args['pl'] == 'on',
		['links'] = args['lk'],
		['negative_word'] = args['negative'],
		['round'] = args['round'],
		['zero'] = args['zero'],
		['use_one'] = args['one'] == 'one'  -- experiment: using '|one=one' makes fraction 2+1/2 give &quot;two and one-half&quot; instead of &quot;two and a half&quot;
	}
end

---- recursive function for p.decToHex
local function decToHexDigit(dec)
	local dig = {&quot;0&quot;,&quot;1&quot;,&quot;2&quot;,&quot;3&quot;,&quot;4&quot;,&quot;5&quot;,&quot;6&quot;,&quot;7&quot;,&quot;8&quot;,&quot;9&quot;,&quot;A&quot;,&quot;B&quot;,&quot;C&quot;,&quot;D&quot;,&quot;E&quot;,&quot;F&quot;}
	local div = math.floor(dec/16)
	local mod = dec-(16*div)
	if div &gt;= 1 then return decToHexDigit(div)..dig[mod+1] else return dig[mod+1] end
end -- I think this is supposed to be done with a tail call but first I want something that works at all

---- finds all the decimal numbers in the input text and hexes each of them
function p.decToHex(frame)
	local args=frame.args
	local parent=frame.getParent(frame)
	local pargs={}
	if parent then pargs=parent.args end
	local text=args[1] or pargs[1] or &quot;&quot;
	local minlength=args.minlength or pargs.minlength or 1
	minlength=tonumber(minlength)
	local prowl=mw.ustring.gmatch(text,&quot;(.-)(%d+)&quot;)
	local output=&quot;&quot;
	repeat
		local chaff,dec=prowl()
		if not(dec) then break end
		local hex=decToHexDigit(dec)
		while (mw.ustring.len(hex)&lt;minlength) do hex=&quot;0&quot;..hex end
		output=output..chaff..hex
	until false
	local chaff=mw.ustring.match(text,&quot;(%D+)$&quot;) or &quot;&quot;
	return output..chaff
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>h27937bkfqn4jk3lp3bc9ezbwcbnm5r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>