Mga Guhit sa Gahing Tangso nin Laguna

Wikipedia bclwiki https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panginot_na_Pahina MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.26 first-letter Medio Espesyal Olay Paragamit Olay kan paragamit Wikipedia Olay sa Wikipedia Ladawan Olay sa ladawan MediaWiki Olay sa MediaWiki Plantilya Olay sa plantilya Tabang Olay sa tabang Kategorya Olay sa kategorya TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk Mga Guhit sa Gahing Tangso nin Laguna 0 36831 234217 233333 2022-08-24T14:58:00Z Ringer 55 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox artifact | name = Mga Guhit sa Gahing Tangso nin Laguna | image = File:Extract from Inskripsyon sa Binatbat na Tanso ng Laguna.jpg | image_caption = An ginuhit sa gahing tangso nakasaray sa [[Museo Nasyonal nin Antropolohiya (Manila)|Museo Nasyonal nin Antropolohiya]] sa Manila | material = Tumbaga o tangso | height = < {{convert|20|cm|in|abbr=on}} | width = < {{convert|30|cm|in|abbr=on}} | weight = | language = Pangenot na Suanoy na Malay na may ibang Sanskrit & Suanoy na Javanese asin/o Suanoy na Tagalog | created = 900 | discovered_date = 1989 | discovered_place = [[Lumban]], [[Laguna (probinsya)|Laguna]], [[Filipinas]] | location = [[Museo Nasyonal nin Filipinas]] | culture = }} An '''Mga Guhit sa Gahing<ref>pinaggahe, adelgazada la plancha de algun metal. Vocabulario de la lengua bicol.https://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/philamer/aqa2025.0001.001/135?q1=gahe&view=image&size=200. Kinua 07-.0.22</ref><ref>gahi, thin sheet or leaf of tin, gold, or brass.Mintz, Malcolm W. Bikol Dictionary. Volume II. Bikol-English Dictionary. Uniprint. Perth, Western Australia. 2004. p. 555 ISBN 0 9580383 5 X.Kinua 07-1-22.</ref> Tangso nin Laguna''' ({{lang-tl|Inskripsyon sa binatbat na tanso ng Laguna}}, [[literal translation]]: ''Inscription on flattened copper of Laguna'') sarong opisyal na pagpapabutas sa kautangan nakaguhit sa sarong gahi' na tumbaga kan taon na [[kalendaryong Hindu|Shaka]] 822 (Gregoriano A.D. 900). Ini an pinakaamay na petsado-sa-kalendaryong dokumento nakua sa laog mismo kan teritoryo nin Filipinas.<ref name="Postma">{{cite journal|url=http://www.philippinestudies.net/ojs/index.php/ps/article/download/1033/1018|title=The Laguna Copper-Plate Inscription: Text and Commentary|jstor=42633308|last=Postma|first=Antoon|journal=Philippine Studies|volume=40|issue=2|pages=182–203|publisher=Ateneo de Manila University|date=April–June 1992}}</ref> An gahi' nadukayan kan 1989 nin sarong hurnal sa sabang kan Salog Lumbang sa Wawa, [[Lumban]], [[Laguna (probinsya)|Laguna]] sa [[Filipinas]]. An inskripsyon haros nakasurat sa [[Lumang Malayo]] na ginagamit an Kaamaying [[Alpabeto Kawi|Kawi]] na inskripsyon na may kasalak na mga [[Sanskrito]]ng kataga' asin [[Daan na Habanes]] o [[Daan na Tagalog]] na mga honoripiko.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Postma |first=Antoon |date=1991 |title=The Laguna Copper-Plate Inscription: A Valuable Philippine Document |url=https://journals.lib.washington.edu/index.php/BIPPA/article/viewFile/11381/10020 |journal=Indo-Pacific Prehistory 1990 Assn. Bulletin 11 |volume=2 |pages=161-165 |via=University Libraries - University of Washington}}</ref> Pakadukay kaini, an enot na nagpalis kan mga ginuhit sa gahi' iyo si [[Antoon Postma]] kan taon 1991,<ref name="MS">{{cite news|last=Patanñe|first=E.P.|title=New Philippine date challenges historians|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=8cBNEdFwSQkC&dat=19910328&printsec=frontpage&hl=en|access-date=April 25, 2021|work=[[Manila Standard]]|publisher=Kagitingan Publications, Inc.|date=March 31, 1991|page=4|quote=A copper plate containing an Old Malay inscription [...] deciphered by the Dutch Ethnographer [sic] Antoon Postma, carries a clear date of Saka 822, a Sanskritized reckoning equivalent to A.D. 900.}}</ref> sarong Holandes na antropologo asin parasaligsig kan [[Guhit Hanunó'o]].<ref name="Postma"/> An inskripsyon nagtala' kan mga lugar asin pangaran kan magkapirang estado kan A.D. 900, siring kan syudad-estadong Tagalog arog kan [[Tondo (historikal na banwa)|Tondo]].<ref name="Postma"/> An magkapirang mga historyador nagtataong swestyon na ini nagpapahiling nin mga relasyon ekonomiko, kultural, asin politikal sa pag'ultan kan mga estadong ini asin an kagurubay kaining [[Kahadean nin Medang]] sa [[Java]].<ref name="Postma"/> ==Konteksto historikal == Bago pa an Anoy nin Pagkolonya Europeo, an [[Sur-subangan na Asya]] yaon sa impluwensya nin Kadakulaan Indya kun saen an dakul na mga imperyo, kahadean asin prinsipalidad nagtalubo nin pirang siglo sa mga lugar na ngonyan sinasakop na kan [[Tailandya]], [[Indonesya]], [[Malaysia]], [[Singapur]], [[Filipinas]], [[Kambodya]] asin [[Byetnam]]. An impluwensya nin kulturang Indyano sa mga lugar na ini inaapod na "indyanisasyon".<ref name=acharya>{{cite web|last1=Acharya|first1=Amitav|title=The "Indianization of Southeast Asia" Revisited: Initiative, Adaptation and Transformation in Classical Civilizations|url=http://www.amitavacharya.com/sites/default/files/Indianisation%20of%20Southeast%20Asia%20Revisited.pdf|website=amitavacharya.com}}</ref>Si arkeologong Pranses, [[George Coedes]], pigpaliwanag ini komo pagpahiwas kan sarong organisadong kultura na pinanday sa Indyanong ginikanan nin kahadean, [[Hinduismo]], asin [[Budhist|Budhismo]] asin kan [[Sanskritisasyon|dyalektong Sanskrito]].<ref name=coedes>{{cite book|last1=Coedes|first1=George|title=The Indianized States of Southeast Asia|date=1967|publisher=Australian National University Press}}</ref> Ini mahihiling sa inaapod na Indyanisasyon nin [[Sur-subangan na Asya]], an [[Hinduismo sa Sur-subangan na Asya|paglakop nin Hinduismo]] asin an [[Silk Road transmission of Buddhism|paglakop nin Budhismo]]. Mga Indyanong byahero, negosyante, komersyante, paratukdo asin mga padi may dakulang papel na gayo sa pangyayaring ini.<ref name="lukas">{{cite journal|last1=Lukas|first1=Helmut|title=1 THEORIES OF INDIANIZATIONExemplified by Selected Case Studies from Indonesia (Insular Southeast Asia)|journal=International SanskritConference|date=May 21–23, 2001|url=https://www.academia.edu/4803585}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Krom|first1=N.J.|title=Barabudur, Archeological Description|date=1927|publisher=The Hague}}</ref><ref name="smith">{{cite journal|last1=Smith|first1=Monica L.|title="Indianization" from the Indian Point of View: Trade and Cultural Contacts with Southeast Asia in the Early First Millennium C.E.|author-link1=Monica L. Smith|journal=Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient|date=1999|volume=42|issue=11–17|pages=1–26|doi=10.1163/1568520991445588|jstor=3632296}}</ref> Mga [[Indyanong honoripiko]] may impluwensya man sa mga [[Malayong estilo asin titulo|Malay]], [[Thai na ranggo asin royal na mga titulo|Thai]], [[Filipino estilo asin mga honoripiko|Filipino]] saka kan mga [[Indones na pagngagaran #Honorifics|Indones]] na honoripiko.<ref name=tit1>Krishna Chandra Sagar, 2002, An Era of Peace, Page 52.</ref> Mga ehemplo kaini iyo an titulong Raja, Rani, Maharlika, asbp. na na-ilito haleng kulturang Indyano pasiring Filipinas paagi kan Malay asin [[Imperyong Srivijaya ]]. An pre-kolonyal na [[Suyat|Eskriturang filipino]] inaapod na [[Baybayin]] ({{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜌ᜔ᜊᜌᜒᜈ᜔}}), bisto sa [[Lenggwaheng bisaya|Bisaya]] na ''badlit'' ({{Script|Tglg|ᜊᜇ᜔ᜎᜒᜆ᜔}}), sa [[Tataramon na Iloko|Ilokano]] komo ''kur-itan/kurditan'' , sa [[Tataramon na Kapampangan|Kapampangan]] komo ''kulitan'', asin sa [[Tataramon na Bikol|Bikol]] komo ''basahan''<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/p/philamer/aqa2025.0001.001/61?q1=basahan&view=image&size=175|entry=basahan|page=60|last=Lisboa|first=Maŕcos de|authorlink=Marcos de Lisboa|title=Vocabulario de la Lengua Bicol|year=1865|language=es, bik|access-date=2019-12-01|quote=BASAHAN. pc. El ''a'', ''b'', ''c'', de ellos por donde aprenden á leer que tiene quince letras consonantes, y tres vocales, ''a'', ''e'', ''o''.}}</ref>, gabos ini gikan sa mga [[eskriturang Bramiko]] nin Indya. An paggamit kaini narekord kan ika-16 na siglo ni [[Miguel López de Legazpi]].<ref name="baybayin">{{Cite web | last = Morrow | first = Paul | url = http://www.mts.net/~pmorrow/bayeng1.htm | publisher = MTS | title = Baybayin, the Ancient Philippine script | access-date = September 4, 2008 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100821192259/http://www.mts.net/~pmorrow/bayeng1.htm | archive-date = August 21, 2010 }}.</ref> ==Pagkadukay== [[File:Laguna Copperplate Inscription.gif|thumb|360px|right|An gahing tangso sa Laguna, an mga inskripsyon kaini iginuhit paagi nin pagtudok-tudok sa ibabaw. Nagpapahiling ini nin sayod na impluwensya nin kulturang Indyano dara kan [[Srivijaya]]) na iyo an nagdadanay na kultura sa Filipinas mayo pa an pagkolonya Europeo nin Ika-16 na siglo.]] An Gahing Tangso na Inskripsyon nadukayan kan 1989 harani sa sabang kan Salog Lumbang sa may [[Sola' nin Laguna]],<ref name="Chua20130528">{{Cite web |url=https://xiaochua.net/2013/05/28/xiao-time-27-may-2013-kahalagahan-ng-laguna-copperplate-at-ika-400-taon-ng-vocabulario-ni-san-buenaventura/ |title=KAHALAGAHAN NG LAGUNA COPPERPLATE AT IKA-400 TAON NG VOCABULARIO NI SAN BUENAVENTURA |last=Chua |first=Xiao |date=May 28, 2013 |website=IT'S XIAOTIME! |access-date=October 10, 2017}}</ref>nin sarong lalaki nagngangaran Ernesto Legisma na natungod naghuhunggad nin baybay na gagamiton sa pagsesemento. Naisip na an nakotkot niya may halaga, an lalaki pinabakal ini sa sarong nagnenegosyo sa mga bagay na luma, na dai man nakakakuang parabakal kaini, diretso logod ipinabakal sa [[National Museum of the Philippines]], kun saen itinalaga ki [[Alfredo E. Evangelista]], pamayo sa departamento nin [[antropolohiya]].<ref name="mts"/><ref name=pdi>{{cite news|title=Expert on past dies; 82 |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20081021-167699/Expert-on-past-dies-82 |work=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] |date=October 21, 2008 |access-date=November 17, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024114447/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20081021-167699/Expert-on-past-dies-82 |archive-date=October 24, 2008 }}</ref> An Museo Nasyonal pigbansagan an nadukayan na tangsong gahi' na ''Laguna Copper Plate''.<ref>{{cite web | author = National Museum of the Philippines | author-link = National Museum of the Philippines | title =National Cultural Treasures of Philippine Archaeology | url=https://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph/nationalmuseumbeta/Collections/Archaeo/NCT.html | access-date = June 13, 2019}}</ref> Pakalihis sarong taon, si [[Antoon Postma]] nareparo ini na an mga guhit igdi nakaagid sa antigong Indones na kinalingking na inaapod na [[Lumang Kawi|Kawi]]. Si Postma pigpalis an eskritura asin nakitang an dokumento nagpepetsang susog sa [[Indyanong kalendaryo nasyonal|Saka'ng taon]] 822, petsang lumang Hindu katumbas sa taon 900.<ref name="MS"/> Ini panahon na gayo kun kasuarin nasambitan an Filipinas sa sarong opisyal na rekord kan Tsinong [[Dinastiyang Song]] sa ''[[History of Song (Yuan dynasty)|History of Song]]'' natutungod sa taon na 972.<ref>William Henry Scott, ''Prehispanic Source Materials for the Study of Philippine History'', pg.65. {{ISBN|971-10-0226-4}}.</ref> ==Pagpapalis== {| class="wikitable" !Taytay ! Pagsasayod An mga tekstong yaon sa ibaba nababatay batay sa pagguguhit ni Hector Santos kaidtong 1995.<ref name="SantosTranslitteration1996">{{Cite web |url=http://www.bibingka.com/dahon/lci/transcri.htm |title=Sulat sa Tanso: Transcription of the LCI |last=Santos |first=Hector |date=1996-10-26 |website=www.bibingka.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029061518/http://www.bibingka.com/dahon/lci/transcri.htm |archive-date=2014-10-29 |url-status=dead |access-date=2017-10-10}}</ref> Gabos na palis nakasurat sa saradit na kurit. ! Pagpapalis sa Bikol<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.bagongkasaysayan.org/ebook/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/3.Ang-Tundo_Kimuell-Gabriel_Marked.pdf |access-date=2015-12-02 |archive-date=2017-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822104639/http://www.bagongkasaysayan.org/ebook/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/3.Ang-Tundo_Kimuell-Gabriel_Marked.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> ! Orihinal na palis ni Antoon Postma (1991) sa [[Tataramon na Ingles|Ingles]] ! Tala |- | 1 | swasti shaka warshatita 822 waisakha masa ding jyotisha. chaturthi krishnapaksha so- | Tara! Taon Siyaka 822, bulan nin waisakha, susog sa astronomiya. An ikaapat na aldaw nin pagsadit nin bulan, Lunes |''Hail! In the Saka-year 822; the month of March-April; according to the astronomer: the fourth day of the dark half of the moon; on'' |- | 2 | -mawara sana tatkala dayang angkatan lawan dengannya sanak barngaran si bukah | Dayang Angkatan sampolo kan saiyang mga tugang na nagngangaran Buka (burak), |''Monday. At that time, Lady Angkatan together with her relative, Bukah by name,'' |- | 3 | anakda dang hwan namwaran di bari waradana wi shuddhapat(t)ra ulih sang pamegat senapati di tundu- | na mga aki ninsi Kagalang-galang na si Namwaran, dinuhulan nin sarong kasuratan nin lubos na kapatawadan hale ki Poon Pangkagabsan nin Tundun |''the child of His Honor Namwaran, was given, as a special favor, a document of full acquittal, by the Chief and Commander2 of Tundun'' |- | 4 | n barja(di) dang hwan nayaka tuhan pailah jayadewa. di krama dang hwan namwaran dengan dang kaya- | sa pagpipintakasi ki Pamayong Kagawad nin Pailah na si Jayadewa. Sa pagboot na ini, sa paagi ni Kagsurat, |''representing the Leader of Pailah, Jayadewa. This means that His Honor Namwran, through the Honorable Scribe4'' |- | 5 |stha shuddha nu di parlappas hutangda wale(da)nda kati 1 suwarna 8 di hadapan dang hwan nayaka tuhan pu- | an Kagalang-galang na si Namwaran pinatawad na sa gabos na saiyang mga kautangan na 1 kati asin 8 suwarna sa atubangan ni Kagalang-galang na Pamayong Kagawad nin Puliran |''was totally cleared of a salary-related debt of 1 kati and 8 suwarna (weight of gold): in the presence of His Honor the Leader of Puliran,'' |- | 6 | liran ka sumuran. dang hwan nayaka tuhan pailah barjadi ganashakti. dang hwan nayaka tu- | na si Kasumuran, (sa kapangyarihan ninsi Kagalang-galang na Pamayong Kagawad nin Pailah). |''Kasumuran; His Honor the Leader of Pailah, representing Ganasakti; (and) His Honor the Leader'' |- | 7 | han binwangan barjadi bishruta tathapi sadanda sanak kaparawis ulih sang pamegat de- | Kunsiring, an mga nabubuhay na mga maku-apo ninsi Kagalang-galang na si Namwaran pinatawad na sa anuman asin gabos na pagkakautang kaini (ninsi Kagalang-galang na si Namwaran) sa Pamayong si Dewata, |''of Binwangan, representing Bisruta. And, with his whole family, on orders of the Chief of Dewata'' |- | 8 | wata [ba]rjadi sang pamegat medang dari bhaktinda di parhulun sang pamegat. ya makanya sadanya anak | Ini, kun sakali, magpapahayag kiisayman na poon ngonyan kun may tawong magsasabing dai pa butas sa utang an Kagalang-galang... |''representing the Chief of Mdang, because of his loyalty as a subject (slave?) of the Chief, therefore all the descendants'' |- | 9 | chuchu dang hwan namwaran shuddha ya kaparawis di hutangda dang hwan namwaran di sang pamegat dewata. ini gerang | Kunsiring , an mga nabubuhay na kamaku-apoan ninsi Kagalang-galang na si Namwaran pinatawad na sa anuman asin gabos na pagkakautang kaini |''of his Honor Namwaran have been cleared of the whole debt that His Honor owed the Chief of Dewata. This (document) is (issued) in case'' |- | 10 | syat syapanta ha pashchat ding ari kamudyan ada gerang urang barujara welung lappas hutangda dang hwa ... |(ninsi Kagalang-galang na si Namwaran) sa Pamayong si Dewata, Ini, kun sakali, magpapahayag kiisayman na poon ngonyan kun may tawong magsasabing dai pa lungkas sa utang an Kagalang-galang... |''there is someone, whosoever, some time in the future, who will state that the debt is not yet acquitted of His Honor...'' | * Sa ika-10 taytay natapos an ginuhit.<ref name="Postma"/> |} ==Toltolan== {{reflist|2}} {{Tamboan}} [[Kategorya:Arekeologo sa Filipinas]] [[Kategorya:Mga primaryang susugan para sa amay na historya nin Filipinas]] [[Kategorya:Hinduismo sa Filipinas]] [[Kategorya:Historya sa Filipinas (900 - 1565)]] [[Kategorya:Mga eskritura sa Filipinas]] [[Kategorya:Mga Malay na eskritura]] [[Kategorya:Mga Kadamotan sa Museo Nasyonal nin Fillipinas]] [[Kategorya:Historya nin Laguna (probinsya) of Laguna]] [[Kategorya:Ika-10ng siglong mga eskritura]] [[Kategorya:Mga tumbagang bagay]] [[Kategorya:Mga 1989 na nadukayan arkeolohikal]] q2xfvqkvt8ymtb550gwvj4g1ivu3yxz Olay:Mga pupon durante kan pandemya nin COVID-19 1 37275 234218 234158 2022-08-24T20:55:25Z ShiminUfesoj 11957 /* Tano face mask kun igwa kitang taga na pupon */ bàgong seksyon wikitext text/x-wiki {{WikiProyekto banner shell|blp=no|1= {{BW 2021-2 |klase=poon |importansya=Hababa }}}} == Tano face mask kun igwa kitang taga na pupon == ano daw kun pupon yata to itong facemask hahaha [[User: ShiminUfesoj|''' Shimin_Ufesoj ''']][[User talk: ShiminUfesoj|''' ᜂᜎᜌ᜔_ᜃᜒᜆ?''']] 20:55, 24 Agosto 2022 (UTC) jy8malm4ri2pmthiioi04kvqsbp6234 234221 234218 2022-08-25T11:35:20Z Ralffralff 14987 wikitext text/x-wiki {{WikiProyekto banner shell|blp=no|1= {{BW 2021-2 |klase=poon |importansya=Hababa }}}} == Tano face mask kun igwa kitang taga na pupon == ano daw kun pupon yata to itong facemask hahaha [[User: ShiminUfesoj|''' Shimin_Ufesoj ''']][[User talk: ShiminUfesoj|''' ᜂᜎᜌ᜔_ᜃᜒᜆ?''']] 20:55, 24 Agosto 2022 (UTC) Hello! Pakibalyo na lang tabi sa titulo na sa hiling mo iyo an tama asin pinakaangay. Salamat! [[Paragamit:Ralffralff|Ralffralff]] ([[Olay kan paragamit:Ralffralff|kaulayon]]) 11:35, 25 Agosto 2022 (UTC) lnfun7wjl0gje1atnda986wc4vh54ry Carl Ludvig Engel 0 37294 234219 2022-08-25T11:10:14Z Ringer 55 Pinagmukna an pahina kaining " [[File:CFEngel.jpg|thumb|A portrait of Carl Ludvig Engel, by [[Johan Erik Lindh]]]] Si '''Carl Ludvig Engel''', o '''Johann Carl Ludwig Engel''' (3 Hulyo 1778 – 14 Mayo 1840),<ref>{{BLF|3213|Carl Ludvig Engel}}</ref> sarong Aleman na arkitekto na an mas mga mauunibahan na mga trabaho niya yaon nahaman sa [[Helsinki]]. An saiyang mga trabaho kabarali an mga edipisyo sa palibot kan sentro kan kabesera, an [[Helsinki Senate Square|Senate Square]] sin an mga e..." wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:CFEngel.jpg|thumb|A portrait of Carl Ludvig Engel, by [[Johan Erik Lindh]]]] Si '''Carl Ludvig Engel''', o '''Johann Carl Ludwig Engel''' (3 Hulyo 1778 – 14 Mayo 1840),<ref>{{BLF|3213|Carl Ludvig Engel}}</ref> sarong Aleman na arkitekto na an mas mga mauunibahan na mga trabaho niya yaon nahaman sa [[Helsinki]]. An saiyang mga trabaho kabarali an mga edipisyo sa palibot kan sentro kan kabesera, an [[Helsinki Senate Square|Senate Square]] sin an mga edipisyo makukua sa laog kan syudad, arog kan [[Helsinki Cathedral]], an Senado (ngonyan, Palasyo kan Konseho nin Estado), an Munisipyo kan Shyudad nin Helsinki, an biblioteka asin asn mayor na edipisyo kan [[Helsinki University]]. Si Engel nagadan kandied 14 Mayo 1840 sa Helsinki. ==Galeriya== <gallery> File:Helsingin yliopiston päärakennus.jpg|The main building of the [[University of Helsinki]] File:Senate Square and Lutheran Cathedral in Helsinki.jpg|The [[Helsinki Senate Square|Senate Square]] and [[Helsinki Cathedral|Lutheran Cathedral in Helsinki]] File:Helsingin_kaupungintalo_satamasta.jpg|[[Helsinki City Hall]] (1833), originally a hotel File:National_Library_of_Finland.jpg|[[National Library of Finland]] File:Johanneksenkirkko (Hamina) 1.jpg|St. John's Church in [[Hamina]] File:Kulosaaren kartano.jpg|[[Kulosaari Manor]] (c. 1810) File:Kuopion Lyseon lukio.jpg|[[Kuopio Lyceum High School]] in [[Kuopio]] (1826) File:Kohtu8 oiguskantsler.jpg|Palace on Kohtu street 8, [[Tallinn]] File:Eckeroe-Storby Postmuseum.jpg|[[Eckerö Mail and Customs House]] (1828) File:Pyhän_Kolminaisuuden_Kirkko_-_DSC03943.JPG|[[Holy Trinity Church, Helsinki]] (1826) File:Lapuan_tuomiokirkko.jpg|[[Lapua Cathedral]] (1827) File:Sahalahden kirkko.JPG|[[Sahalahti (village)|Sahalahti]] church (1829) File:Lieksa bell tower.jpg|[[Lieksa]] bell tower (1836) File:Alajärvi Church 2015.JPG|[[Alajärvi church]] (c. 1836) File:Kaivohuone A -Marit Henriksson.jpg|[[Kaivohuone]] (1838) File:Pori town hall, 2006.jpg|[[Pori Old Town Hall]] (1841) </gallery> ==Toltolan== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons|Carl Ludvig Engel}} * {{BLF|3213|Carl Ludvig Engel}} {{Authority control (arts)}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Engel, Carl Ludvig}} [[Category:1778 births]] [[Category:1840 deaths]] [[Category:Artists from Berlin]] [[Category:People from the Margraviate of Brandenburg]] [[Category:Finnish people of German descent]] [[Category:18th-century German architects]] [[Category:Finnish architects]] [[Category:German neoclassical architects]] [[Category:19th-century German architects]] 1wgd6fdj53k1os1ejxhrlzmb2lf8g4g 234220 234219 2022-08-25T11:11:04Z Ringer 55 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:CFEngel.jpg|thumb|A portrait of Carl Ludvig Engel, by [[Johan Erik Lindh]]]] Si '''Carl Ludvig Engel''', o '''Johann Carl Ludwig Engel''' (3 Hulyo 1778 – 14 Mayo 1840),<ref>{{BLF|3213|Carl Ludvig Engel}}</ref> sarong Aleman na arkitekto na an mas mga mauunibahan na mga trabaho niya yaon nahaman sa [[Helsinki]]. An saiyang mga trabaho kabarali an mga edipisyo sa palibot kan sentro kan kabesera, an [[Helsinki Senate Square|Senate Square]] asin an mga edipisyo makukua sa laog kan syudad, arog kan [[Helsinki Cathedral]], an Senado (ngonyan, Palasyo kan Konseho nin Estado), an Munisipyo kan Shyudad nin Helsinki, an biblioteka asin asn mayor na edipisyo kan [[Helsinki University]]. Si Engel nagadan kandied 14 Mayo 1840 sa Helsinki. ==Galeriya== <gallery> File:Helsingin yliopiston päärakennus.jpg|The main building of the [[University of Helsinki]] File:Senate Square and Lutheran Cathedral in Helsinki.jpg|The [[Helsinki Senate Square|Senate Square]] and [[Helsinki Cathedral|Lutheran Cathedral in Helsinki]] File:Helsingin_kaupungintalo_satamasta.jpg|[[Helsinki City Hall]] (1833), originally a hotel File:National_Library_of_Finland.jpg|[[National Library of Finland]] File:Johanneksenkirkko (Hamina) 1.jpg|St. John's Church in [[Hamina]] File:Kulosaaren kartano.jpg|[[Kulosaari Manor]] (c. 1810) File:Kuopion Lyseon lukio.jpg|[[Kuopio Lyceum High School]] in [[Kuopio]] (1826) File:Kohtu8 oiguskantsler.jpg|Palace on Kohtu street 8, [[Tallinn]] File:Eckeroe-Storby Postmuseum.jpg|[[Eckerö Mail and Customs House]] (1828) File:Pyhän_Kolminaisuuden_Kirkko_-_DSC03943.JPG|[[Holy Trinity Church, Helsinki]] (1826) File:Lapuan_tuomiokirkko.jpg|[[Lapua Cathedral]] (1827) File:Sahalahden kirkko.JPG|[[Sahalahti (village)|Sahalahti]] church (1829) File:Lieksa bell tower.jpg|[[Lieksa]] bell tower (1836) File:Alajärvi Church 2015.JPG|[[Alajärvi church]] (c. 1836) File:Kaivohuone A -Marit Henriksson.jpg|[[Kaivohuone]] (1838) File:Pori town hall, 2006.jpg|[[Pori Old Town Hall]] (1841) </gallery> ==Toltolan== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons|Carl Ludvig Engel}} * {{BLF|3213|Carl Ludvig Engel}} {{Authority control (arts)}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Engel, Carl Ludvig}} [[Category:1778 births]] [[Category:1840 deaths]] [[Category:Artists from Berlin]] [[Category:People from the Margraviate of Brandenburg]] [[Category:Finnish people of German descent]] [[Category:18th-century German architects]] [[Category:Finnish architects]] [[Category:German neoclassical architects]] [[Category:19th-century German architects]] ahhdzrdj2loin0wz4nxdjawjprrp4ok