Bulkan Mayon

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    <title>Bulkan Mayon</title>
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      <comment>/* Mga pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon sa lawig nin panahon */</comment>
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| name              = Mayon
| photo             = Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
| photo_caption     = An tanawon kan Mayon gikan sa [[Ligñon Hill]] sa [[Legazpi, Albay|Syudad nin Legazpi]], [[Albay]] kadtong  Disyembre 2006
| elevation_m       = 2463
| elevation_ref     = &lt;ref name=ferranti&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/philippines.html|title=Philippine Mountains – 29 Mountain Summits with Prominence of 1,500 meters or greater|last=de Ferranti|first=Jonathan|author2=Aaron Maizlish|accessdate=2011-01-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| prominence_m      = 2447
| prominence_ref    = &lt;ref name=ferranti /&gt;
| listing           = {{hlist|[[Lista kan mga aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas|Aktibong bulkan]]|[[Ultra prominent peak|Ultra]]}}
| topo              =
| range_coordinates = 
| map               = Luzon#Filipinas
| map_alt           = Kinamumugtakan na mapa kan Bulkan na Mayon
| map_caption       = 
| location          = 
| map_relief        =
| label             = 
| label_position    =
| coordinates       = {{coord|13|15|24|N|123|41|6|E|type:mountain_region:PH_scale=10000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref   =
| type              = [[Estratobulkan]]
| age               = &gt; 20,000 na taon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Mirabueno|first1=M. H. T.|last2=Okuno|first2=M.|last3=Nakamura|first3=T.|last4=Newhall|first4=C. G.|last5=Kobayashi|first5=T.|authorlink4=Christopher G. Newhall|title=AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Paleosols Intercalated with Tephra Layers from Mayon Volcano, Southern Luzon, Philippines: A Preliminary Report|journal=Bulletin of the Volcanological Society of Japan|date=2006|volume=36|issue=2|pages=23–28|publisher=Volcanological Society of Japan|issn=0386-118X|quote=... the oldest eruptive event must have taken place shortly before 20 cal kyr BP.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| last_eruption     = 2018
| first_ascent      = [[Scotsmen]] Paton &amp; Stewart (1858)&lt;ref name=Britannica&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=GKMMAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA749 &quot;Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. 18, 9th Ed.&quot;], pg. 749. Henry G. Allen &amp; Company, New York.&lt;/ref&gt;
| easiest_route     = 
| other_name        = {{native name|bcl|Bulkang Mayon}}
| country           = [[Filipinas]]
| state             = [[Rehiyon Bikol]]
| state_type        = Rehiyon
| region            = [[Albay]]
| region_type       = Probinsya
| city              = {{collapsible list|bullets=true|[[Camalig, Albay|Camalig]]|[[Daraga, Albay|Daraga]]|[[Guinobatan]]|[[Legazpi, Albay|Legazpi]]|[[Ligao]]|[[Malilipot, Albay|Malilipot]]|[[Santo Domingo, Albay|Santo Domingo]]|[[Tabaco]]}}
| city_type         = Mga syudad asin&lt;br /&gt;mga banwaan
| embedded          = 
}}
[[File:Ph locator albay legazpi.png|right|thumb|200px|Mapa pinapahiling kinamomogtakan kan bulkan Mayon]]
[[File:Mayon 0052.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Pagtuga kan Des. 29, 2009 kan bulkan Mayon]]
An '''Bulkan Mayon''' sa [[tataramon na Bikol Sentral|Bikol]] sinasayod man na '''Mayong''' sarong aktibong bulkan, na namumugtak sa [[Probinsya kan Filipinas|probinsya]] nin [[Albay]] sa nasyon kan [[Filipinas]]. An Mayon Volcano bantog na destinasyon nin turismo sa rehiyon nin [[Bikol Amihanan na Catanduanes|Bikol]] huli sa saiyang halos perpektong hugis kono. Namguktak ini 15 kilometro an rayo, norteng-sulnopan kan [[Syudad nin Legazpi]]. Bantog ini huli sa haros perpektong kurti kaini.[https://guidetothephilippines.ph/articles/ultimate-guides/mayon-volcano-guide-albay-bicol]  

An bulkan na ini asin saiyang palibot pigdeklarang parke nasyonal kan Hulyo 20, 1938, an pinakaenot sa nasyon. Dangan pigliwat an klasipikasyon bilang Parke Natural, asin inapod na Mayon Volcano Natural Park kan 2000. Ini man an hayag na ginibong sentro kan  Albay Biosphere Reserve, susog sa deklarasyon kan UNESCO kan 2016.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/asia-and-the-pacific/philippines/albay www.unesco.org]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_the_Philippines.html List of Protected Areas of the Philippines]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Deskripsyon kan bulkan==
An bulkan Mayon may langkaw na 2,462 metro (8,077 pye), 20 kilometro an saiyang diametro sa saiyang pamitisan, naglilikos nin 62.8 kilometro an saiyang sakop sa mga banwaan nin Camalig, Malilipot, asin Sto. Domingo (Li'bog kaidto). Inapod na sarong ''stratovolcano'', ini saro sa 22 na aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas na sinasabing pinaka-aktibo huli ta may pinakadakul na bilang nin pagtuga.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm] www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Sigon sa mga bulkanologo, sarô ining stratovolcano o kompositong bulkan. Ang garo simetriko kaining kono nabilog sa paagi nin pagpatong-patong nin mga bolos nin lahar asin lava. Nin huli ta uminabot nang sobra 50 ng beses na an mga pagtuga kaini sa naka-aging 400 taon, ikinokonsiderar na ining pinakáaktibong bulkan sa enterong nacion. Mahihiling ini sa sarong convergent plate boundary&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; sa tahaw kan Platong Eurasiano sagkod kan Plato nin Plipinas.
:&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;small&gt;lugar kung saen minanumpungan an sarong ''kontinental na plato'' asin sarong ''oceanic plate''. Digdi tinutulod paibaba kan mas magian na ''kontinental na plato'' an mas magabat na ''osyanikong plato''; Sa pagkatunaw kan gapo nabibilog an [[magma]].&lt;/small&gt;

==Pag-uson kan 1814==

An Bulkan Mayon may sobra sa singkwentang beses  nagtuga na sa historya kaini &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;: ang enot kan taon 1616, an pinakáhuri taon 2018. Ang pinakámakusog na pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon iyo kan Febrero 1, 1814. Natambunan nin lava an [[Rugbang Simbahan nin Cagsawa|banwaan na Cagsawa]] asin may 1,200 katao an nagadan. Ang kampanaryo kan simbahan kan banwaan an natada' nin huli ta rompag na an pinaká-simbahan kaini. Si [[Feodor Jagor]] mas pa an sinabing nagkagaradan na nag'abot daang 12,000.&lt;ref&gt;[http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814]inquirer.net. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagtuga kan 1897==

[[File:Mayon Volcano in 1899.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Hitsura kan Ma'yong, 1899]]
An pinakahalawig na pag'uson kan Bulkan Mayon nangyari kan  taon 1897, na nagpoon Hunyo 23 asta Hunyo 30. Ini nagresulta sa pagkagadan nin sobra 400 katawo huli sa nagbubulos na laboy asin tubig na nagbubuladbukad asin nag'oolantong mga mainit na kagagapoan. An pagputok nag'ayaw nin 17 oras asin rinatakan an pampang-dagat kan Sto. Domingo, asin mga baryo sa Sto. Nino, San Isidro, San Roque, San Antonio, Misericordia sa banwaan nin Sto. Domingo; banwaan nin Ligao; parte kan Bigaa, San Fernando; asin an Syudad nin Legazpi. An Salog Basud kan Li'bog (ngonyan nginaranan nang Sto. Domingo) asin Camalig binulosan man nin nagbubugawas na mainiton na laboy (lava). An kalangitan sa palibot pinatos nin maitom na abo asin naghitsurang sinarom an mga magkataraid na lugar. An pagtugang ini kan Bulkan Mayon iyo na daa an nagtaong ikaduwang grabeng ratak asin danyos sa probinsya nin Albay sunod sa pagtuga kan 1814..&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=CRzMOYIuLJEC&amp;pg=PA416&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]books.google.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/638630/5-most-destructive-explosions-of-mayon-volcano].newsin fo.inquirer.net.Kinua 1-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagpotok kan 1984 asin 1993==
[[File:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Pagtuga kan Mayon 1984]]

Mayo man nadeklarang gadan ining 1984 na pagpotok pero 73,000 na katao an pinahubo' hale sa delikadong lugar sa palibot kan bulkan, susog sa mando kan mga personahe kan PHIVOLCS. Ining 1993 na pagtuga nagresulta sa pagkagaradan nin 75 katawo huli daa sa pyroclastic flows, kadaklan mga paraoma nagiistar sa palibot kan Bukid na habong magharale.

==Pagpotok kan 2006==
Ini ang ika-48 na pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon kan Hulyo 13 na sinundan kan pagtopga kan Lava puon Hulyo 14, 2006. Dai mababa sa 74,069 na mga tawo o 13,870 na pamilya hale sa kwarentang banwaan sa tolong Syudad asin limang munisipyo na naibakwar sa laog kan walong-kilometro palibot kan Bulkan Mayon uyon sa Pampublikong Kaligtasan at Opisina ng Pamamahala ng Emergency Management Office.

Lokal na mga Sayantipiko sinabi na uyon sa gravitational pull kun tanu nagpotok ang Bulan kaya. Sinasabi na tolo sa 50 na pagbuag kan bulkan Mayon sa nakaaging apat na dekada uyon sa kabilogan nin bulan, kabale dyan ang duwang nakaagi pa sanang pagpotok kan 2000 asin 2001.

Pakatapos kan pagpotok kasabay ang pagdiklom kan palibot kan Septyembre 1 huli sa nag'alimbukad na abo kung kaya napundo ang mga saindang mga aktibidades sa mga iskwelahan asin an mga ini ginibong mga temporaryong istaran kan mga tawo. Ang PHILVOLCS binaba na an lebel sa alerto 3 hale sa alerto 4 kan Septyembre 11, alerto 2 kan Oktubre 3 asin alerto 1 kan Oktubre 25. Magayun na bareta na mayong nadiklarang gadan habang nagpopotok ang Bulkan pero kadimalasan may uminagi pang [[Bagyong Reming]] na may kasabay na makusog na Uran kan Nobyembre 30 kung kaya sobra sa 320 ang mga nagkagaradan asin 762 man an nagkawarara.

[[File:Mayon Space.jpg|right|thumb|250px|An bulkan Mayon sini'rip paagi satelyete]]

==Mga pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon sa lawig nin panahon==

Sinasabing nagtuga na an bulkan Mayon  nin sobra sa limang polong beses na: 1616, 1766, 1800, 1811(?), 1814, 1827, 1834, 1839, 1845, 1846, 1851, 1853, 1855, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1868, 1871-72, 1872, 1873, 1876, 1876, 1881-82, 1885, 1886-87, 1888, 1890, 1891-92, 1893, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1900, 1902(?), 1928, 1939, 1941, 1943, 1947, 1968, 1978, 1984, 1993, 1999-2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2003(?), 2004, 2006, 2009, 2013, 2014 asin 2018, 2026&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm]www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Opisyalmente, an PHILVOCS sinasabing 52 na an pagtuga kan Mayon, kaiba na diyan an pinakahuri na nagpoon kan Enero 13, 2018. 
&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==An pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon sa literaturang Bikol==

[[File:Oldcagsawapi2.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Rogba kan simbahan sa Cagsawa kan nagtuga an Mayon kan 1814]]

An duwang makuring pagtuga kan bulkan, taon 1814 asin 1897, nagtulod sa duwang pararawit sa Bicol na magtokda  nin rawitdawit sa pagromdom kan mga makagiram-giram na mga pangyayaring ini. Si [[Fray Bernardino Melendreras| Prayle Melendreras]] nasambit ni Abogado [[Jose Calleja Reyes|Reyes]] sa saiyang libro [[Bikol Maharlika (libro)|Bikol Maharlika]] na igwa daang taga-bicol na inapod ni Melendreras komo sarong  &quot;Homer nin Bicol&quot; na nagtokda' nin rawitdawit manongod sa pagtuga kan Mayon kan 1814 alagad saiya nang ipigpalis sa Espanyol. Alagad si Reyes ipinalis balik sa Bikol an obra ni Melendreras. Kan an Mayon nagtuga kan taon 1897, si [[Mariano Perfecto]] man nagmukna nin halawig na rawit na may 300 na stanza, dapit sa pagtugang ini. Saiyang ipinalagda ini sa duwang tomo, titulado, Bareta dapit can Volcan Mayong sa Albay can junio de 1897 sa imprentahan kan [[Imprenta de la Sagrada Familia|Sagrada Familia]] kan taon  mismong idto.&lt;ref&gt;[http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193721/http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4 |date=2023-03-26 }}Philippine e-library. Kinua 22-01-18.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Reyes, Calleja Jose. Bikol Maharlika (1992). Goodwill Trading. Makati City. Philippines. 552 pages. 55 photographs.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193719/http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572|date=2023-03-26}}nlp.gov.ph.Kinua 22-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Maladawan nanggad an pagpintura ni Perfecto kan nagdudurulag harani sa nagbabalinghaw na bulkan, mala ta ini an iginuhit niya sa saiyang rawitdawit:

*Mabagsik man gayod, pa'nong pakarikas
*kadtong kadootan na barobalagat,
*may kabit na aki, may kilik, may kibat,
*sa piot na dalan nagdadarodasmag!

==Istoryang suanoy manongod sa Bulkan Ma'yon==

An bulkan iyo man an sentro kan istoryang soanoy kan mga gurang na iyo na daa ini an pigura ni Daragang Magayon kan ini ilinubong bunga kan nagadan ta natusok pana kan magralaban an duwang tribu, tribu ni Panganoron asin tribu ni Pagtuga na mayong ibang pig'iiwalan kundi an makua an pagkamoot kan daraga.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.slideshare.net/mszennie/legend-of-mayon-volcano]www.slideshare.net. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Moneda kan Filipinas==
An Ma'yong natampok naman bilang parte kan desenyo sa kwartang Filipinas.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Taon
!Denominasyon
!Deskripsyon
!Hitsura kan takal /Papel na kwarta
|-
|1903–1968
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; kabangang sentimo, sarong sentimo, limang sentimos, sampolong sentimos, beinte sentimos, salapi, asin [[piso]]
|Mayon na nagsusurusilyab na sa alitoktok kaini may nagtatambook na buga nin aso&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ecrater.com/p/29239382/1964-philippines-50-fifty-centavos-coin-km190?gps=1&amp;id=81021330019]www.ecrater.com. Kinua 25-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[File:Phil1904onecentobv.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5|Half centavo coin]]
|-
|1918
|50 sentimo
|Sarong babaying nakatindog kapot sarong maso sa tongod nin toto'pan asin sa likodan mahihiling an Bulkan Mayon.
An gabat kaini 10 gramo.
|[[Ladawan:Filipinas (PI) 50 Centavos Silver Coin 1918 (s).jpg|thumb|50 centavos]]
|-
|1958–1967
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; piso
|[[Bulkan Mayon]] asin tolong lalake nakalunad sa pamaba guyod nin damulag
|
|-
|2016–presente
|100 na piso
|Toninong na Mayon bilang kaguhitan niya sa baliktad kan kwartang papel
|
|}

== Kataytayan nin mga ladawan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Ladawan:Type 97 Carrier Attack Bomber of the Ryujo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano (Tabaco City, Pinagbobong).jpg
Ladawan:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon aerial photo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon's Reflection.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon and Legazpi City, Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon 2018.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon volcano.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano 2.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 1.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon1984.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 2.jpg
Ladawan:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano-2010-20-08.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano, Albay.jpg
Ladawan:Legazpi - panoramio (2).jpg
Ladawan:Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
Ladawan:Mt Mayon via Sumlang Lake - Albay - Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Catanduanes - Mayon - panoramio.jpg
Ladawan:Legaspi - Mount Mayon - panoramio (1).jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano and the Sleeping Lion.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano from Baao Cam Sur.jpg
Ladawan:Bulkang Mayon 04.jpg
File:Bukid mayon.jpg
File:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
File:View of Mayon Volcano in May 2021.jpg
File:MayonVolcano.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Toltolan ==
{{reflist}}

==Mga panluwas na takod==
* [http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano/ Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122203606/http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano |date=2018-01-22 }} World Landforms 
* [https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200607-273030 Global Volcanism Program] Smithsonian Institution. Natural Museum of History. 
* [http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/Volcano/Volcanolist/mayon.htm PHIVOLCS] - Ofisyal na pahina kan Bulkan Mayon (PHIVOLCS)
* [http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090714100754/http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 |date=2009-07-14 }} 
* [http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ National Disaster Coordinating Council] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070418212833/http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ |date=2007-04-18 }} Mga presenteng panyayari manonongod sa Bulkan Mayon
* [http://www.philippinecountry.com/philippine_news/year2006/mayon_volcano-08-07-06.html Mayon Volcano] philippinecountry.com
* [http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814 The Mayon Eruption of 1814] Philippine Daily Inquirer

{{rambong}}

[[Kategorya:Mga bulkan]]
[[Kategorya:Bulkan]]</text>
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      <text bytes="16092" sha1="5enh4tc2g8oso1x8jc618gyijh2yduy" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox bukid
| name              = Mayon
| photo             = Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
| photo_caption     = An tanawon kan Mayon gikan sa [[Ligñon Hill]] sa [[Legazpi, Albay|Syudad nin Legazpi]], [[Albay]] kadtong  Disyembre 2006
| elevation_m       = 2463
| elevation_ref     = &lt;ref name=ferranti&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/philippines.html|title=Philippine Mountains – 29 Mountain Summits with Prominence of 1,500 meters or greater|last=de Ferranti|first=Jonathan|author2=Aaron Maizlish|accessdate=2011-01-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| prominence_m      = 2447
| prominence_ref    = &lt;ref name=ferranti /&gt;
| listing           = {{hlist|[[Lista kan mga aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas|Aktibong bulkan]]|[[Ultra prominent peak|Ultra]]}}
| topo              =
| range_coordinates = 
| map               = Luzon#Filipinas
| map_alt           = Kinamumugtakan na mapa kan Bulkan na Mayon
| map_caption       = 
| location          = 
| map_relief        =
| label             = 
| label_position    =
| coordinates       = {{coord|13|15|24|N|123|41|6|E|type:mountain_region:PH_scale=10000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref   =
| type              = [[Estratobulkan]]
| age               = &gt; 20,000 na taon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Mirabueno|first1=M. H. T.|last2=Okuno|first2=M.|last3=Nakamura|first3=T.|last4=Newhall|first4=C. G.|last5=Kobayashi|first5=T.|authorlink4=Christopher G. Newhall|title=AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Paleosols Intercalated with Tephra Layers from Mayon Volcano, Southern Luzon, Philippines: A Preliminary Report|journal=Bulletin of the Volcanological Society of Japan|date=2006|volume=36|issue=2|pages=23–28|publisher=Volcanological Society of Japan|issn=0386-118X|quote=... the oldest eruptive event must have taken place shortly before 20 cal kyr BP.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| last_eruption     = 2018
| first_ascent      = [[Scotsmen]] Paton &amp; Stewart (1858)&lt;ref name=Britannica&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=GKMMAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA749 &quot;Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. 18, 9th Ed.&quot;], pg. 749. Henry G. Allen &amp; Company, New York.&lt;/ref&gt;
| easiest_route     = 
| other_name        = {{native name|bcl|Bulkang Mayon}}
| country           = [[Filipinas]]
| state             = [[Rehiyon Bikol]]
| state_type        = Rehiyon
| region            = [[Albay]]
| region_type       = Probinsya
| city              = {{collapsible list|bullets=true|[[Camalig, Albay|Camalig]]|[[Daraga, Albay|Daraga]]|[[Guinobatan]]|[[Legazpi, Albay|Legazpi]]|[[Ligao]]|[[Malilipot, Albay|Malilipot]]|[[Santo Domingo, Albay|Santo Domingo]]|[[Tabaco]]}}
| city_type         = Mga syudad asin&lt;br /&gt;mga banwaan
| embedded          = 
}}
[[File:Ph locator albay legazpi.png|right|thumb|200px|Mapa pinapahiling kinamomogtakan kan bulkan Mayon]]
[[File:Mayon 0052.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Pagtuga kan Des. 29, 2009 kan bulkan Mayon]]
An '''Bulkan Mayon''' sa [[tataramon na Bikol Sentral|Bikol]] sinasayod man na '''Mayong''' sarong aktibong bulkan, na namumugtak sa [[Probinsya kan Filipinas|probinsya]] nin [[Albay]] sa nasyon kan [[Filipinas]]. An Mayon Volcano bantog na destinasyon nin turismo sa rehiyon nin [[Bikol Amihanan na Catanduanes|Bikol]] huli sa saiyang halos perpektong hugis kono. Namguktak ini 15 kilometro an rayo, norteng-sulnopan kan [[Syudad nin Legazpi]]. Bantog ini huli sa haros perpektong kurti kaini.[https://guidetothephilippines.ph/articles/ultimate-guides/mayon-volcano-guide-albay-bicol]  

An bulkan na ini asin saiyang palibot pigdeklarang parke nasyonal kan Hulyo 20, 1938, an pinakaenot sa nasyon. Dangan pigliwat an klasipikasyon bilang Parke Natural, asin inapod na Mayon Volcano Natural Park kan 2000. Ini man an hayag na ginibong sentro kan  Albay Biosphere Reserve, susog sa deklarasyon kan UNESCO kan 2016.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/asia-and-the-pacific/philippines/albay www.unesco.org]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_the_Philippines.html List of Protected Areas of the Philippines]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Deskripsyon kan bulkan==
An bulkan Mayon may langkaw na 2,462 metro (8,077 pye), 20 kilometro an saiyang diametro sa saiyang pamitisan, naglilikos nin 62.8 kilometro an saiyang sakop sa mga banwaan nin Camalig, Malilipot, asin Sto. Domingo (Li'bog kaidto). Inapod na sarong ''stratovolcano'', ini saro sa 22 na aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas na sinasabing pinaka-aktibo huli ta may pinakadakul na bilang nin pagtuga.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm] www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Sigon sa mga bulkanologo, sarô ining stratovolcano o kompositong bulkan. Ang garo simetriko kaining kono nabilog sa paagi nin pagpatong-patong nin mga bolos nin lahar asin lava. Nin huli ta uminabot nang sobra 50 ng beses na an mga pagtuga kaini sa naka-aging 400 taon, ikinokonsiderar na ining pinakáaktibong bulkan sa enterong nacion. Mahihiling ini sa sarong convergent plate boundary&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; sa tahaw kan Platong Eurasiano sagkod kan Plato nin Plipinas.
:&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;small&gt;lugar kung saen minanumpungan an sarong ''kontinental na plato'' asin sarong ''oceanic plate''. Digdi tinutulod paibaba kan mas magian na ''kontinental na plato'' an mas magabat na ''osyanikong plato''; Sa pagkatunaw kan gapo nabibilog an [[magma]].&lt;/small&gt;

==Pag-uson kan 1814==

An Bulkan Mayon may sobra sa singkwentang beses  nagtuga na sa historya kaini &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;: ang enot kan taon 1616, an pinakáhuri taon 2018. Ang pinakámakusog na pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon iyo kan Febrero 1, 1814. Natambunan nin lava an [[Rugbang Simbahan nin Cagsawa|banwaan na Cagsawa]] asin may 1,200 katao an nagadan. Ang kampanaryo kan simbahan kan banwaan an natada' nin huli ta rompag na an pinaká-simbahan kaini. Si [[Feodor Jagor]] mas pa an sinabing nagkagaradan na nag'abot daang 12,000.&lt;ref&gt;[http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814]inquirer.net. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagtuga kan 1897==

[[File:Mayon Volcano in 1899.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Hitsura kan Ma'yong, 1899]]
An pinakahalawig na pag'uson kan Bulkan Mayon nangyari kan  taon 1897, na nagpoon Hunyo 23 asta Hunyo 30. Ini nagresulta sa pagkagadan nin sobra 400 katawo huli sa nagbubulos na laboy asin tubig na nagbubuladbukad asin nag'oolantong mga mainit na kagagapoan. An pagputok nag'ayaw nin 17 oras asin rinatakan an pampang-dagat kan Sto. Domingo, asin mga baryo sa Sto. Nino, San Isidro, San Roque, San Antonio, Misericordia sa banwaan nin Sto. Domingo; banwaan nin Ligao; parte kan Bigaa, San Fernando; asin an Syudad nin Legazpi. An Salog Basud kan Li'bog (ngonyan nginaranan nang Sto. Domingo) asin Camalig binulosan man nin nagbubugawas na mainiton na laboy (lava). An kalangitan sa palibot pinatos nin maitom na abo asin naghitsurang sinarom an mga magkataraid na lugar. An pagtugang ini kan Bulkan Mayon iyo na daa an nagtaong ikaduwang grabeng ratak asin danyos sa probinsya nin Albay sunod sa pagtuga kan 1814..&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=CRzMOYIuLJEC&amp;pg=PA416&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]books.google.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/638630/5-most-destructive-explosions-of-mayon-volcano].newsin fo.inquirer.net.Kinua 1-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagpotok kan 1984 asin 1993==
[[File:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Pagtuga kan Mayon 1984]]

Mayo man nadeklarang gadan ining 1984 na pagpotok pero 73,000 na katao an pinahubo' hale sa delikadong lugar sa palibot kan bulkan, susog sa mando kan mga personahe kan PHIVOLCS. Ining 1993 na pagtuga nagresulta sa pagkagaradan nin 75 katawo huli daa sa pyroclastic flows, kadaklan mga paraoma nagiistar sa palibot kan Bukid na habong magharale.

==Pagpotok kan 2006==
Ini ang ika-48 na pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon kan Hulyo 13 na sinundan kan pagtopga kan Lava puon Hulyo 14, 2006. Dai mababa sa 74,069 na mga tawo o 13,870 na pamilya hale sa kwarentang banwaan sa tolong Syudad asin limang munisipyo na naibakwar sa laog kan walong-kilometro palibot kan Bulkan Mayon uyon sa Pampublikong Kaligtasan at Opisina ng Pamamahala ng Emergency Management Office.

Lokal na mga Sayantipiko sinabi na uyon sa gravitational pull kun tanu nagpotok ang Bulan kaya. Sinasabi na tolo sa 50 na pagbuag kan bulkan Mayon sa nakaaging apat na dekada uyon sa kabilogan nin bulan, kabale dyan ang duwang nakaagi pa sanang pagpotok kan 2000 asin 2001.

Pakatapos kan pagpotok kasabay ang pagdiklom kan palibot kan Septyembre 1 huli sa nag'alimbukad na abo kung kaya napundo ang mga saindang mga aktibidades sa mga iskwelahan asin an mga ini ginibong mga temporaryong istaran kan mga tawo. Ang PHILVOLCS binaba na an lebel sa alerto 3 hale sa alerto 4 kan Septyembre 11, alerto 2 kan Oktubre 3 asin alerto 1 kan Oktubre 25. Magayun na bareta na mayong nadiklarang gadan habang nagpopotok ang Bulkan pero kadimalasan may uminagi pang [[Bagyong Reming]] na may kasabay na makusog na Uran kan Nobyembre 30 kung kaya sobra sa 320 ang mga nagkagaradan asin 762 man an nagkawarara.

[[File:Mayon Space.jpg|right|thumb|250px|An bulkan Mayon sini'rip paagi satelyete]]

==Mga pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon sa lawig nin panahon==

Sinasabing nagtuga na an bulkan Mayon  nin sobra sa limang polong beses na: 1616, 1766, 1800, 1811(?), 1814, 1827, 1834, 1839, 1845, 1846, 1851, 1853, 1855, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1868, 1871-72, 1872, 1873, 1876, 1876, 1881-82, 1885, 1886-87, 1888, 1890, 1891-92, 1893, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1900, 1902(?), 1928, 1939, 1941, 1943, 1947, 1968, 1978, 1984, 1993, 1999-2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2003(?), 2004, 2006, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2018 asin 2026&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm]www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Opisyalmente, an PHILVOCS sinasabing 52 na an pagtuga kan Mayon, kaiba na diyan an pinakahuri na nagpoon kan Enero 13, 2018. 
&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==An pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon sa literaturang Bikol==

[[File:Oldcagsawapi2.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Rogba kan simbahan sa Cagsawa kan nagtuga an Mayon kan 1814]]

An duwang makuring pagtuga kan bulkan, taon 1814 asin 1897, nagtulod sa duwang pararawit sa Bicol na magtokda  nin rawitdawit sa pagromdom kan mga makagiram-giram na mga pangyayaring ini. Si [[Fray Bernardino Melendreras| Prayle Melendreras]] nasambit ni Abogado [[Jose Calleja Reyes|Reyes]] sa saiyang libro [[Bikol Maharlika (libro)|Bikol Maharlika]] na igwa daang taga-bicol na inapod ni Melendreras komo sarong  &quot;Homer nin Bicol&quot; na nagtokda' nin rawitdawit manongod sa pagtuga kan Mayon kan 1814 alagad saiya nang ipigpalis sa Espanyol. Alagad si Reyes ipinalis balik sa Bikol an obra ni Melendreras. Kan an Mayon nagtuga kan taon 1897, si [[Mariano Perfecto]] man nagmukna nin halawig na rawit na may 300 na stanza, dapit sa pagtugang ini. Saiyang ipinalagda ini sa duwang tomo, titulado, Bareta dapit can Volcan Mayong sa Albay can junio de 1897 sa imprentahan kan [[Imprenta de la Sagrada Familia|Sagrada Familia]] kan taon  mismong idto.&lt;ref&gt;[http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193721/http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4 |date=2023-03-26 }}Philippine e-library. Kinua 22-01-18.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Reyes, Calleja Jose. Bikol Maharlika (1992). Goodwill Trading. Makati City. Philippines. 552 pages. 55 photographs.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193719/http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572|date=2023-03-26}}nlp.gov.ph.Kinua 22-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Maladawan nanggad an pagpintura ni Perfecto kan nagdudurulag harani sa nagbabalinghaw na bulkan, mala ta ini an iginuhit niya sa saiyang rawitdawit:

*Mabagsik man gayod, pa'nong pakarikas
*kadtong kadootan na barobalagat,
*may kabit na aki, may kilik, may kibat,
*sa piot na dalan nagdadarodasmag!

==Istoryang suanoy manongod sa Bulkan Ma'yon==

An bulkan iyo man an sentro kan istoryang soanoy kan mga gurang na iyo na daa ini an pigura ni Daragang Magayon kan ini ilinubong bunga kan nagadan ta natusok pana kan magralaban an duwang tribu, tribu ni Panganoron asin tribu ni Pagtuga na mayong ibang pig'iiwalan kundi an makua an pagkamoot kan daraga.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.slideshare.net/mszennie/legend-of-mayon-volcano]www.slideshare.net. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Moneda kan Filipinas==
An Ma'yong natampok naman bilang parte kan desenyo sa kwartang Filipinas.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Taon
!Denominasyon
!Deskripsyon
!Hitsura kan takal /Papel na kwarta
|-
|1903–1968
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; kabangang sentimo, sarong sentimo, limang sentimos, sampolong sentimos, beinte sentimos, salapi, asin [[piso]]
|Mayon na nagsusurusilyab na sa alitoktok kaini may nagtatambook na buga nin aso&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ecrater.com/p/29239382/1964-philippines-50-fifty-centavos-coin-km190?gps=1&amp;id=81021330019]www.ecrater.com. Kinua 25-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[File:Phil1904onecentobv.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5|Half centavo coin]]
|-
|1918
|50 sentimo
|Sarong babaying nakatindog kapot sarong maso sa tongod nin toto'pan asin sa likodan mahihiling an Bulkan Mayon.
An gabat kaini 10 gramo.
|[[Ladawan:Filipinas (PI) 50 Centavos Silver Coin 1918 (s).jpg|thumb|50 centavos]]
|-
|1958–1967
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; piso
|[[Bulkan Mayon]] asin tolong lalake nakalunad sa pamaba guyod nin damulag
|
|-
|2016–presente
|100 na piso
|Toninong na Mayon bilang kaguhitan niya sa baliktad kan kwartang papel
|
|}

== Kataytayan nin mga ladawan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Ladawan:Type 97 Carrier Attack Bomber of the Ryujo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano (Tabaco City, Pinagbobong).jpg
Ladawan:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon aerial photo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon's Reflection.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon and Legazpi City, Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon 2018.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon volcano.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano 2.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 1.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon1984.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 2.jpg
Ladawan:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano-2010-20-08.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano, Albay.jpg
Ladawan:Legazpi - panoramio (2).jpg
Ladawan:Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
Ladawan:Mt Mayon via Sumlang Lake - Albay - Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Catanduanes - Mayon - panoramio.jpg
Ladawan:Legaspi - Mount Mayon - panoramio (1).jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano and the Sleeping Lion.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano from Baao Cam Sur.jpg
Ladawan:Bulkang Mayon 04.jpg
File:Bukid mayon.jpg
File:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
File:View of Mayon Volcano in May 2021.jpg
File:MayonVolcano.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Toltolan ==
{{reflist}}

==Mga panluwas na takod==
* [http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano/ Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122203606/http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano |date=2018-01-22 }} World Landforms 
* [https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200607-273030 Global Volcanism Program] Smithsonian Institution. Natural Museum of History. 
* [http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/Volcano/Volcanolist/mayon.htm PHIVOLCS] - Ofisyal na pahina kan Bulkan Mayon (PHIVOLCS)
* [http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090714100754/http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 |date=2009-07-14 }} 
* [http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ National Disaster Coordinating Council] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070418212833/http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ |date=2007-04-18 }} Mga presenteng panyayari manonongod sa Bulkan Mayon
* [http://www.philippinecountry.com/philippine_news/year2006/mayon_volcano-08-07-06.html Mayon Volcano] philippinecountry.com
* [http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814 The Mayon Eruption of 1814] Philippine Daily Inquirer

{{rambong}}

[[Kategorya:Mga bulkan]]
[[Kategorya:Bulkan]]</text>
      <sha1>5enh4tc2g8oso1x8jc618gyijh2yduy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>305127</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-04T23:28:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Poropot777</username>
        <id>30297</id>
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      <comment>/* Mga pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon sa lawig nin panahon */</comment>
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      <text bytes="16142" sha1="ixui50hdvtcn92abmqillqzswnqtdxg" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox bukid
| name              = Mayon
| photo             = Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
| photo_caption     = An tanawon kan Mayon gikan sa [[Ligñon Hill]] sa [[Legazpi, Albay|Syudad nin Legazpi]], [[Albay]] kadtong  Disyembre 2006
| elevation_m       = 2463
| elevation_ref     = &lt;ref name=ferranti&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/philippines.html|title=Philippine Mountains – 29 Mountain Summits with Prominence of 1,500 meters or greater|last=de Ferranti|first=Jonathan|author2=Aaron Maizlish|accessdate=2011-01-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| prominence_m      = 2447
| prominence_ref    = &lt;ref name=ferranti /&gt;
| listing           = {{hlist|[[Lista kan mga aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas|Aktibong bulkan]]|[[Ultra prominent peak|Ultra]]}}
| topo              =
| range_coordinates = 
| map               = Luzon#Filipinas
| map_alt           = Kinamumugtakan na mapa kan Bulkan na Mayon
| map_caption       = 
| location          = 
| map_relief        =
| label             = 
| label_position    =
| coordinates       = {{coord|13|15|24|N|123|41|6|E|type:mountain_region:PH_scale=10000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref   =
| type              = [[Estratobulkan]]
| age               = &gt; 20,000 na taon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Mirabueno|first1=M. H. T.|last2=Okuno|first2=M.|last3=Nakamura|first3=T.|last4=Newhall|first4=C. G.|last5=Kobayashi|first5=T.|authorlink4=Christopher G. Newhall|title=AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Paleosols Intercalated with Tephra Layers from Mayon Volcano, Southern Luzon, Philippines: A Preliminary Report|journal=Bulletin of the Volcanological Society of Japan|date=2006|volume=36|issue=2|pages=23–28|publisher=Volcanological Society of Japan|issn=0386-118X|quote=... the oldest eruptive event must have taken place shortly before 20 cal kyr BP.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| last_eruption     = 2018
| first_ascent      = [[Scotsmen]] Paton &amp; Stewart (1858)&lt;ref name=Britannica&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=GKMMAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA749 &quot;Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. 18, 9th Ed.&quot;], pg. 749. Henry G. Allen &amp; Company, New York.&lt;/ref&gt;
| easiest_route     = 
| other_name        = {{native name|bcl|Bulkang Mayon}}
| country           = [[Filipinas]]
| state             = [[Rehiyon Bikol]]
| state_type        = Rehiyon
| region            = [[Albay]]
| region_type       = Probinsya
| city              = {{collapsible list|bullets=true|[[Camalig, Albay|Camalig]]|[[Daraga, Albay|Daraga]]|[[Guinobatan]]|[[Legazpi, Albay|Legazpi]]|[[Ligao]]|[[Malilipot, Albay|Malilipot]]|[[Santo Domingo, Albay|Santo Domingo]]|[[Tabaco]]}}
| city_type         = Mga syudad asin&lt;br /&gt;mga banwaan
| embedded          = 
}}
[[File:Ph locator albay legazpi.png|right|thumb|200px|Mapa pinapahiling kinamomogtakan kan bulkan Mayon]]
[[File:Mayon 0052.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Pagtuga kan Des. 29, 2009 kan bulkan Mayon]]
An '''Bulkan Mayon''' sa [[tataramon na Bikol Sentral|Bikol]] sinasayod man na '''Mayong''' sarong aktibong bulkan, na namumugtak sa [[Probinsya kan Filipinas|probinsya]] nin [[Albay]] sa nasyon kan [[Filipinas]]. An Mayon Volcano bantog na destinasyon nin turismo sa rehiyon nin [[Bikol Amihanan na Catanduanes|Bikol]] huli sa saiyang halos perpektong hugis kono. Namguktak ini 15 kilometro an rayo, norteng-sulnopan kan [[Syudad nin Legazpi]]. Bantog ini huli sa haros perpektong kurti kaini.[https://guidetothephilippines.ph/articles/ultimate-guides/mayon-volcano-guide-albay-bicol]  

An bulkan na ini asin saiyang palibot pigdeklarang parke nasyonal kan Hulyo 20, 1938, an pinakaenot sa nasyon. Dangan pigliwat an klasipikasyon bilang Parke Natural, asin inapod na Mayon Volcano Natural Park kan 2000. Ini man an hayag na ginibong sentro kan  Albay Biosphere Reserve, susog sa deklarasyon kan UNESCO kan 2016.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/asia-and-the-pacific/philippines/albay www.unesco.org]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_the_Philippines.html List of Protected Areas of the Philippines]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Deskripsyon kan bulkan==
An bulkan Mayon may langkaw na 2,462 metro (8,077 pye), 20 kilometro an saiyang diametro sa saiyang pamitisan, naglilikos nin 62.8 kilometro an saiyang sakop sa mga banwaan nin Camalig, Malilipot, asin Sto. Domingo (Li'bog kaidto). Inapod na sarong ''stratovolcano'', ini saro sa 22 na aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas na sinasabing pinaka-aktibo huli ta may pinakadakul na bilang nin pagtuga.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm] www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Sigon sa mga bulkanologo, sarô ining stratovolcano o kompositong bulkan. Ang garo simetriko kaining kono nabilog sa paagi nin pagpatong-patong nin mga bolos nin lahar asin lava. Nin huli ta uminabot nang sobra 50 ng beses na an mga pagtuga kaini sa naka-aging 400 taon, ikinokonsiderar na ining pinakáaktibong bulkan sa enterong nacion. Mahihiling ini sa sarong convergent plate boundary&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; sa tahaw kan Platong Eurasiano sagkod kan Plato nin Plipinas.
:&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;small&gt;lugar kung saen minanumpungan an sarong ''kontinental na plato'' asin sarong ''oceanic plate''. Digdi tinutulod paibaba kan mas magian na ''kontinental na plato'' an mas magabat na ''osyanikong plato''; Sa pagkatunaw kan gapo nabibilog an [[magma]].&lt;/small&gt;

==Pag-uson kan 1814==

An Bulkan Mayon may sobra sa singkwentang beses  nagtuga na sa historya kaini &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;: ang enot kan taon 1616, an pinakáhuri taon 2018. Ang pinakámakusog na pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon iyo kan Febrero 1, 1814. Natambunan nin lava an [[Rugbang Simbahan nin Cagsawa|banwaan na Cagsawa]] asin may 1,200 katao an nagadan. Ang kampanaryo kan simbahan kan banwaan an natada' nin huli ta rompag na an pinaká-simbahan kaini. Si [[Feodor Jagor]] mas pa an sinabing nagkagaradan na nag'abot daang 12,000.&lt;ref&gt;[http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814]inquirer.net. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagtuga kan 1897==

[[File:Mayon Volcano in 1899.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Hitsura kan Ma'yong, 1899]]
An pinakahalawig na pag'uson kan Bulkan Mayon nangyari kan  taon 1897, na nagpoon Hunyo 23 asta Hunyo 30. Ini nagresulta sa pagkagadan nin sobra 400 katawo huli sa nagbubulos na laboy asin tubig na nagbubuladbukad asin nag'oolantong mga mainit na kagagapoan. An pagputok nag'ayaw nin 17 oras asin rinatakan an pampang-dagat kan Sto. Domingo, asin mga baryo sa Sto. Nino, San Isidro, San Roque, San Antonio, Misericordia sa banwaan nin Sto. Domingo; banwaan nin Ligao; parte kan Bigaa, San Fernando; asin an Syudad nin Legazpi. An Salog Basud kan Li'bog (ngonyan nginaranan nang Sto. Domingo) asin Camalig binulosan man nin nagbubugawas na mainiton na laboy (lava). An kalangitan sa palibot pinatos nin maitom na abo asin naghitsurang sinarom an mga magkataraid na lugar. An pagtugang ini kan Bulkan Mayon iyo na daa an nagtaong ikaduwang grabeng ratak asin danyos sa probinsya nin Albay sunod sa pagtuga kan 1814..&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=CRzMOYIuLJEC&amp;pg=PA416&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]books.google.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/638630/5-most-destructive-explosions-of-mayon-volcano].newsin fo.inquirer.net.Kinua 1-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagpotok kan 1984 asin 1993==
[[File:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Pagtuga kan Mayon 1984]]

Mayo man nadeklarang gadan ining 1984 na pagpotok pero 73,000 na katao an pinahubo' hale sa delikadong lugar sa palibot kan bulkan, susog sa mando kan mga personahe kan PHIVOLCS. Ining 1993 na pagtuga nagresulta sa pagkagaradan nin 75 katawo huli daa sa pyroclastic flows, kadaklan mga paraoma nagiistar sa palibot kan Bukid na habong magharale.

==Pagpotok kan 2006==
Ini ang ika-48 na pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon kan Hulyo 13 na sinundan kan pagtopga kan Lava puon Hulyo 14, 2006. Dai mababa sa 74,069 na mga tawo o 13,870 na pamilya hale sa kwarentang banwaan sa tolong Syudad asin limang munisipyo na naibakwar sa laog kan walong-kilometro palibot kan Bulkan Mayon uyon sa Pampublikong Kaligtasan at Opisina ng Pamamahala ng Emergency Management Office.

Lokal na mga Sayantipiko sinabi na uyon sa gravitational pull kun tanu nagpotok ang Bulan kaya. Sinasabi na tolo sa 50 na pagbuag kan bulkan Mayon sa nakaaging apat na dekada uyon sa kabilogan nin bulan, kabale dyan ang duwang nakaagi pa sanang pagpotok kan 2000 asin 2001.

Pakatapos kan pagpotok kasabay ang pagdiklom kan palibot kan Septyembre 1 huli sa nag'alimbukad na abo kung kaya napundo ang mga saindang mga aktibidades sa mga iskwelahan asin an mga ini ginibong mga temporaryong istaran kan mga tawo. Ang PHILVOLCS binaba na an lebel sa alerto 3 hale sa alerto 4 kan Septyembre 11, alerto 2 kan Oktubre 3 asin alerto 1 kan Oktubre 25. Magayun na bareta na mayong nadiklarang gadan habang nagpopotok ang Bulkan pero kadimalasan may uminagi pang [[Bagyong Reming]] na may kasabay na makusog na Uran kan Nobyembre 30 kung kaya sobra sa 320 ang mga nagkagaradan asin 762 man an nagkawarara.

[[File:Mayon Space.jpg|right|thumb|250px|An bulkan Mayon sini'rip paagi satelyete]]

==Mga pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon sa lawig nin panahon==

Sinasabing nagtuga na an bulkan Mayon  nin sobra sa limang polong beses na: 1616, 1766, 1800, 1811(?), 1814, 1827, 1834, 1839, 1845, 1846, 1851, 1853, 1855, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1868, 1871-72, 1872, 1873, 1876, 1876, 1881-82, 1885, 1886-87, 1888, 1890, 1891-92, 1893, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1900, 1902(?), 1928, 1939, 1941, 1943, 1947, 1968, 1978, 1984, 1993, 1999-2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2003(?), 2004, 2006, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2018 asin 2026&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm]www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1274172&lt;/ref&gt;

Opisyalmente, an PHILVOCS sinasabing 52 na an pagtuga kan Mayon, kaiba na diyan an pinakahuri na nagpoon kan Enero 13, 2018. 
&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==An pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon sa literaturang Bikol==

[[File:Oldcagsawapi2.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Rogba kan simbahan sa Cagsawa kan nagtuga an Mayon kan 1814]]

An duwang makuring pagtuga kan bulkan, taon 1814 asin 1897, nagtulod sa duwang pararawit sa Bicol na magtokda  nin rawitdawit sa pagromdom kan mga makagiram-giram na mga pangyayaring ini. Si [[Fray Bernardino Melendreras| Prayle Melendreras]] nasambit ni Abogado [[Jose Calleja Reyes|Reyes]] sa saiyang libro [[Bikol Maharlika (libro)|Bikol Maharlika]] na igwa daang taga-bicol na inapod ni Melendreras komo sarong  &quot;Homer nin Bicol&quot; na nagtokda' nin rawitdawit manongod sa pagtuga kan Mayon kan 1814 alagad saiya nang ipigpalis sa Espanyol. Alagad si Reyes ipinalis balik sa Bikol an obra ni Melendreras. Kan an Mayon nagtuga kan taon 1897, si [[Mariano Perfecto]] man nagmukna nin halawig na rawit na may 300 na stanza, dapit sa pagtugang ini. Saiyang ipinalagda ini sa duwang tomo, titulado, Bareta dapit can Volcan Mayong sa Albay can junio de 1897 sa imprentahan kan [[Imprenta de la Sagrada Familia|Sagrada Familia]] kan taon  mismong idto.&lt;ref&gt;[http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193721/http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4 |date=2023-03-26 }}Philippine e-library. Kinua 22-01-18.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Reyes, Calleja Jose. Bikol Maharlika (1992). Goodwill Trading. Makati City. Philippines. 552 pages. 55 photographs.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193719/http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572|date=2023-03-26}}nlp.gov.ph.Kinua 22-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Maladawan nanggad an pagpintura ni Perfecto kan nagdudurulag harani sa nagbabalinghaw na bulkan, mala ta ini an iginuhit niya sa saiyang rawitdawit:

*Mabagsik man gayod, pa'nong pakarikas
*kadtong kadootan na barobalagat,
*may kabit na aki, may kilik, may kibat,
*sa piot na dalan nagdadarodasmag!

==Istoryang suanoy manongod sa Bulkan Ma'yon==

An bulkan iyo man an sentro kan istoryang soanoy kan mga gurang na iyo na daa ini an pigura ni Daragang Magayon kan ini ilinubong bunga kan nagadan ta natusok pana kan magralaban an duwang tribu, tribu ni Panganoron asin tribu ni Pagtuga na mayong ibang pig'iiwalan kundi an makua an pagkamoot kan daraga.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.slideshare.net/mszennie/legend-of-mayon-volcano]www.slideshare.net. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Moneda kan Filipinas==
An Ma'yong natampok naman bilang parte kan desenyo sa kwartang Filipinas.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Taon
!Denominasyon
!Deskripsyon
!Hitsura kan takal /Papel na kwarta
|-
|1903–1968
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; kabangang sentimo, sarong sentimo, limang sentimos, sampolong sentimos, beinte sentimos, salapi, asin [[piso]]
|Mayon na nagsusurusilyab na sa alitoktok kaini may nagtatambook na buga nin aso&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ecrater.com/p/29239382/1964-philippines-50-fifty-centavos-coin-km190?gps=1&amp;id=81021330019]www.ecrater.com. Kinua 25-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[File:Phil1904onecentobv.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5|Half centavo coin]]
|-
|1918
|50 sentimo
|Sarong babaying nakatindog kapot sarong maso sa tongod nin toto'pan asin sa likodan mahihiling an Bulkan Mayon.
An gabat kaini 10 gramo.
|[[Ladawan:Filipinas (PI) 50 Centavos Silver Coin 1918 (s).jpg|thumb|50 centavos]]
|-
|1958–1967
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; piso
|[[Bulkan Mayon]] asin tolong lalake nakalunad sa pamaba guyod nin damulag
|
|-
|2016–presente
|100 na piso
|Toninong na Mayon bilang kaguhitan niya sa baliktad kan kwartang papel
|
|}

== Kataytayan nin mga ladawan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Ladawan:Type 97 Carrier Attack Bomber of the Ryujo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano (Tabaco City, Pinagbobong).jpg
Ladawan:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon aerial photo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon's Reflection.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon and Legazpi City, Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon 2018.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon volcano.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano 2.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 1.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon1984.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 2.jpg
Ladawan:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano-2010-20-08.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano, Albay.jpg
Ladawan:Legazpi - panoramio (2).jpg
Ladawan:Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
Ladawan:Mt Mayon via Sumlang Lake - Albay - Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Catanduanes - Mayon - panoramio.jpg
Ladawan:Legaspi - Mount Mayon - panoramio (1).jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano and the Sleeping Lion.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano from Baao Cam Sur.jpg
Ladawan:Bulkang Mayon 04.jpg
File:Bukid mayon.jpg
File:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
File:View of Mayon Volcano in May 2021.jpg
File:MayonVolcano.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Toltolan ==
{{reflist}}

==Mga panluwas na takod==
* [http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano/ Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122203606/http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano |date=2018-01-22 }} World Landforms 
* [https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200607-273030 Global Volcanism Program] Smithsonian Institution. Natural Museum of History. 
* [http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/Volcano/Volcanolist/mayon.htm PHIVOLCS] - Ofisyal na pahina kan Bulkan Mayon (PHIVOLCS)
* [http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090714100754/http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 |date=2009-07-14 }} 
* [http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ National Disaster Coordinating Council] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070418212833/http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ |date=2007-04-18 }} Mga presenteng panyayari manonongod sa Bulkan Mayon
* [http://www.philippinecountry.com/philippine_news/year2006/mayon_volcano-08-07-06.html Mayon Volcano] philippinecountry.com
* [http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814 The Mayon Eruption of 1814] Philippine Daily Inquirer

{{rambong}}

[[Kategorya:Mga bulkan]]
[[Kategorya:Bulkan]]</text>
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      <text bytes="16158" sha1="hty0iq1fu1cxt5mya1ipntnybn94yov" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox bukid
| name              = Mayon
| photo             = Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
| photo_caption     = An tanawon kan Mayon gikan sa [[Ligñon Hill]] sa [[Legazpi, Albay|Syudad nin Legazpi]], [[Albay]] kadtong  Disyembre 2006
| elevation_m       = 2463
| elevation_ref     = &lt;ref name=ferranti&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/philippines.html|title=Philippine Mountains – 29 Mountain Summits with Prominence of 1,500 meters or greater|last=de Ferranti|first=Jonathan|author2=Aaron Maizlish|accessdate=2011-01-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| prominence_m      = 2447
| prominence_ref    = &lt;ref name=ferranti /&gt;
| listing           = {{hlist|[[Lista kan mga aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas|Aktibong bulkan]]|[[Ultra prominent peak|Ultra]]}}
| topo              =
| range_coordinates = 
| map               = Luzon#Filipinas
| map_alt           = Kinamumugtakan na mapa kan Bulkan na Mayon
| map_caption       = 
| location          = 
| map_relief        =
| label             = 
| label_position    =
| coordinates       = {{coord|13|15|24|N|123|41|6|E|type:mountain_region:PH_scale=10000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref   =
| type              = [[Estratobulkan]]
| age               = &gt; 20,000 na taon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Mirabueno|first1=M. H. T.|last2=Okuno|first2=M.|last3=Nakamura|first3=T.|last4=Newhall|first4=C. G.|last5=Kobayashi|first5=T.|authorlink4=Christopher G. Newhall|title=AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Paleosols Intercalated with Tephra Layers from Mayon Volcano, Southern Luzon, Philippines: A Preliminary Report|journal=Bulletin of the Volcanological Society of Japan|date=2006|volume=36|issue=2|pages=23–28|publisher=Volcanological Society of Japan|issn=0386-118X|quote=... the oldest eruptive event must have taken place shortly before 20 cal kyr BP.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| last_eruption     = 2018
| first_ascent      = [[Scotsmen]] Paton &amp; Stewart (1858)&lt;ref name=Britannica&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=GKMMAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA749 &quot;Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. 18, 9th Ed.&quot;], pg. 749. Henry G. Allen &amp; Company, New York.&lt;/ref&gt;
| easiest_route     = 
| other_name        = {{native name|bcl|Bulkang Mayon}}
| country           = [[Filipinas]]
| state             = [[Rehiyon Bikol]]
| state_type        = Rehiyon
| region            = [[Albay]]
| region_type       = Probinsya
| city              = {{collapsible list|bullets=true|[[Camalig, Albay|Camalig]]|[[Daraga, Albay|Daraga]]|[[Guinobatan]]|[[Legazpi, Albay|Legazpi]]|[[Ligao]]|[[Malilipot, Albay|Malilipot]]|[[Santo Domingo, Albay|Santo Domingo]]|[[Tabaco]]}}
| city_type         = Mga syudad asin&lt;br /&gt;mga banwaan
| embedded          = 
}}
[[File:Ph locator albay legazpi.png|right|thumb|200px|Mapa pinapahiling kinamomogtakan kan bulkan Mayon]]
[[File:Mayon 0052.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Pagtuga kan Des. 29, 2009 kan bulkan Mayon]]
An '''Bulkan Mayon''' sa [[tataramon na Bikol Sentral|Bikol]] sinasayod man na '''Mayong''' sarong aktibong bulkan, na namumugtak sa [[Probinsya kan Filipinas|probinsya]] nin [[Albay]] sa nasyon kan [[Filipinas]]. An Mayon Volcano bantog na destinasyon nin turismo sa rehiyon nin [[Bikol Amihanan na Catanduanes|Bikol]] huli sa saiyang haros perpektong pormang balisongsong. Namguktak ini 15 kilometro an rayo, norteng-sulnopan kan [[Syudad nin Legazpi]]. Bantog ini huli sa haros perpektong kurti kaini.[https://guidetothephilippines.ph/articles/ultimate-guides/mayon-volcano-guide-albay-bicol]  

An bulkan na ini asin saiyang palibot pigdeklarang parke nasyonal kan Hulyo 20, 1938, an pinakaenot sa nasyon. Dangan pigliwat an klasipikasyon bilang Parke Natural, asin inapod na Mayon Volcano Natural Park kan 2000. Ini man an hayag na ginibong sentro kan  Albay Biosphere Reserve, susog sa deklarasyon kan UNESCO kan 2016.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/asia-and-the-pacific/philippines/albay www.unesco.org]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_the_Philippines.html List of Protected Areas of the Philippines]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Deskripsyon kan bulkan==
An bulkan Mayon may langkaw na 2,462 metro (8,077 pye), 20 kilometro an saiyang diametro sa saiyang pamitisan, naglilikos nin 62.8 kilometro an saiyang sakop sa mga banwaan nin Camalig, Malilipot, asin Sto. Domingo (Li'bog kaidto). Inapod na sarong ''stratovolcano'', ini saro sa 22 na aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas na sinasabing pinaka-aktibo huli ta may pinakadakul na bilang nin pagtuga.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm] www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Sigon sa mga bulkanologo, sarô ining stratovolcano o kompositong bulkan. Ang garo simetriko kaining kono nabilog sa paagi nin pagpatong-patong nin mga bolos nin lahar asin lava. Nin huli ta uminabot nang sobra 50 ng beses na an mga pagtuga kaini sa naka-aging 400 taon, ikinokonsiderar na ining pinakáaktibong bulkan sa enterong nacion. Mahihiling ini sa sarong convergent plate boundary&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; sa tahaw kan Platong Eurasiano sagkod kan Plato nin Plipinas.
:&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;small&gt;lugar kung saen minanumpungan an sarong ''kontinental na plato'' asin sarong ''oceanic plate''. Digdi tinutulod paibaba kan mas magian na ''kontinental na plato'' an mas magabat na ''osyanikong plato''; Sa pagkatunaw kan gapo nabibilog an [[magma]].&lt;/small&gt;

==Pag-uson kan 1814==

An Bulkan Mayon may sobra sa singkwentang beses  nagtuga na sa historya kaini &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;: ang enot kan taon 1616, an pinakáhuri taon 2018. Ang pinakámakusog na pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon iyo kan Febrero 1, 1814. Natambunan nin lava an [[Rugbang Simbahan nin Cagsawa|banwaan na Cagsawa]] asin may 1,200 katao an nagadan. Ang kampanaryo kan simbahan kan banwaan an natada' nin huli ta rompag na an pinaká-simbahan kaini. Si [[Feodor Jagor]] mas pa an sinabing nagkagaradan na nag'abot daang 12,000.&lt;ref&gt;[http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814]inquirer.net. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagtuga kan 1897==

[[File:Mayon Volcano in 1899.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Hitsura kan Ma'yong, 1899]]
An pinakahalawig na pag'uson kan Bulkan Mayon nangyari kan  taon 1897, na nagpoon Hunyo 23 asta Hunyo 30. Ini nagresulta sa pagkagadan nin sobra 400 katawo huli sa nagbubulos na laboy asin tubig na nagbubuladbukad asin nag'oolantong mga mainit na kagagapoan. An pagputok nag'ayaw nin 17 oras asin rinatakan an pampang-dagat kan Sto. Domingo, asin mga baryo sa Sto. Nino, San Isidro, San Roque, San Antonio, Misericordia sa banwaan nin Sto. Domingo; banwaan nin Ligao; parte kan Bigaa, San Fernando; asin an Syudad nin Legazpi. An Salog Basud kan Li'bog (ngonyan nginaranan nang Sto. Domingo) asin Camalig binulosan man nin nagbubugawas na mainiton na laboy (lava). An kalangitan sa palibot pinatos nin maitom na abo asin naghitsurang sinarom an mga magkataraid na lugar. An pagtugang ini kan Bulkan Mayon iyo na daa an nagtaong ikaduwang grabeng ratak asin danyos sa probinsya nin Albay sunod sa pagtuga kan 1814..&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=CRzMOYIuLJEC&amp;pg=PA416&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]books.google.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/638630/5-most-destructive-explosions-of-mayon-volcano].newsin fo.inquirer.net.Kinua 1-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagpotok kan 1984 asin 1993==
[[File:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Pagtuga kan Mayon 1984]]

Mayo man nadeklarang gadan ining 1984 na pagpotok pero 73,000 na katao an pinahubo' hale sa delikadong lugar sa palibot kan bulkan, susog sa mando kan mga personahe kan PHIVOLCS. Ining 1993 na pagtuga nagresulta sa pagkagaradan nin 75 katawo huli daa sa pyroclastic flows, kadaklan mga paraoma nagiistar sa palibot kan Bukid na habong magharale.

==Pagpotok kan 2006==
Ini ang ika-48 na pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon kan Hulyo 13 na sinundan kan pagtopga kan Lava puon Hulyo 14, 2006. Dai mababa sa 74,069 na mga tawo o 13,870 na pamilya hale sa kwarentang banwaan sa tolong Syudad asin limang munisipyo na naibakwar sa laog kan walong-kilometro palibot kan Bulkan Mayon uyon sa Pampublikong Kaligtasan at Opisina ng Pamamahala ng Emergency Management Office.

Lokal na mga Sayantipiko sinabi na uyon sa gravitational pull kun tanu nagpotok ang Bulan kaya. Sinasabi na tolo sa 50 na pagbuag kan bulkan Mayon sa nakaaging apat na dekada uyon sa kabilogan nin bulan, kabale dyan ang duwang nakaagi pa sanang pagpotok kan 2000 asin 2001.

Pakatapos kan pagpotok kasabay ang pagdiklom kan palibot kan Septyembre 1 huli sa nag'alimbukad na abo kung kaya napundo ang mga saindang mga aktibidades sa mga iskwelahan asin an mga ini ginibong mga temporaryong istaran kan mga tawo. Ang PHILVOLCS binaba na an lebel sa alerto 3 hale sa alerto 4 kan Septyembre 11, alerto 2 kan Oktubre 3 asin alerto 1 kan Oktubre 25. Magayun na bareta na mayong nadiklarang gadan habang nagpopotok ang Bulkan pero kadimalasan may uminagi pang [[Bagyong Reming]] na may kasabay na makusog na Uran kan Nobyembre 30 kung kaya sobra sa 320 ang mga nagkagaradan asin 762 man an nagkawarara.

[[File:Mayon Space.jpg|right|thumb|250px|An bulkan Mayon sini'rip paagi satelyete]]

==Mga pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon sa lawig nin panahon==

Sinasabing nagtuga na an bulkan Mayon  nin sobra sa limang polong beses na: 1616, 1766, 1800, 1811(?), 1814, 1827, 1834, 1839, 1845, 1846, 1851, 1853, 1855, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1868, 1871-72, 1872, 1873, 1876, 1876, 1881-82, 1885, 1886-87, 1888, 1890, 1891-92, 1893, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1900, 1902(?), 1928, 1939, 1941, 1943, 1947, 1968, 1978, 1984, 1993, 1999-2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2003(?), 2004, 2006, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2018, 2023 asin 2026&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm]www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1274172&lt;/ref&gt;

Opisyalmente, an PHILVOCS sinasabing 52 na an pagtuga kan Mayon, kaiba na diyan an pinakahuri na nagpoon kan Enero 13, 2018. 
&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==An pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon sa literaturang Bikol==

[[File:Oldcagsawapi2.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Rogba kan simbahan sa Cagsawa kan nagtuga an Mayon kan 1814]]

An duwang makuring pagtuga kan bulkan, taon 1814 asin 1897, nagtulod sa duwang pararawit sa Bicol na magtokda  nin rawitdawit sa pagromdom kan mga makagiram-giram na mga pangyayaring ini. Si [[Fray Bernardino Melendreras| Prayle Melendreras]] nasambit ni Abogado [[Jose Calleja Reyes|Reyes]] sa saiyang libro [[Bikol Maharlika (libro)|Bikol Maharlika]] na igwa daang taga-bicol na inapod ni Melendreras komo sarong  &quot;Homer nin Bicol&quot; na nagtokda' nin rawitdawit manongod sa pagtuga kan Mayon kan 1814 alagad saiya nang ipigpalis sa Espanyol. Alagad si Reyes ipinalis balik sa Bikol an obra ni Melendreras. Kan an Mayon nagtuga kan taon 1897, si [[Mariano Perfecto]] man nagmukna nin halawig na rawit na may 300 na stanza, dapit sa pagtugang ini. Saiyang ipinalagda ini sa duwang tomo, titulado, Bareta dapit can Volcan Mayong sa Albay can junio de 1897 sa imprentahan kan [[Imprenta de la Sagrada Familia|Sagrada Familia]] kan taon  mismong idto.&lt;ref&gt;[http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193721/http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4 |date=2023-03-26 }}Philippine e-library. Kinua 22-01-18.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Reyes, Calleja Jose. Bikol Maharlika (1992). Goodwill Trading. Makati City. Philippines. 552 pages. 55 photographs.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193719/http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572|date=2023-03-26}}nlp.gov.ph.Kinua 22-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Maladawan nanggad an pagpintura ni Perfecto kan nagdudurulag harani sa nagbabalinghaw na bulkan, mala ta ini an iginuhit niya sa saiyang rawitdawit:

*Mabagsik man gayod, pa'nong pakarikas
*kadtong kadootan na barobalagat,
*may kabit na aki, may kilik, may kibat,
*sa piot na dalan nagdadarodasmag!

==Istoryang suanoy manongod sa Bulkan Ma'yon==

An bulkan iyo man an sentro kan istoryang soanoy kan mga gurang na iyo na daa ini an pigura ni Daragang Magayon kan ini ilinubong bunga kan nagadan ta natusok pana kan magralaban an duwang tribu, tribu ni Panganoron asin tribu ni Pagtuga na mayong ibang pig'iiwalan kundi an makua an pagkamoot kan daraga.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.slideshare.net/mszennie/legend-of-mayon-volcano]www.slideshare.net. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Moneda kan Filipinas==
An Ma'yong natampok naman bilang parte kan desenyo sa kwartang Filipinas.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Taon
!Denominasyon
!Deskripsyon
!Hitsura kan takal /Papel na kwarta
|-
|1903–1968
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; kabangang sentimo, sarong sentimo, limang sentimos, sampolong sentimos, beinte sentimos, salapi, asin [[piso]]
|Mayon na nagsusurusilyab na sa alitoktok kaini may nagtatambook na buga nin aso&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ecrater.com/p/29239382/1964-philippines-50-fifty-centavos-coin-km190?gps=1&amp;id=81021330019]www.ecrater.com. Kinua 25-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[File:Phil1904onecentobv.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5|Half centavo coin]]
|-
|1918
|50 sentimo
|Sarong babaying nakatindog kapot sarong maso sa tongod nin toto'pan asin sa likodan mahihiling an Bulkan Mayon.
An gabat kaini 10 gramo.
|[[Ladawan:Filipinas (PI) 50 Centavos Silver Coin 1918 (s).jpg|thumb|50 centavos]]
|-
|1958–1967
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; piso
|[[Bulkan Mayon]] asin tolong lalake nakalunad sa pamaba guyod nin damulag
|
|-
|2016–presente
|100 na piso
|Toninong na Mayon bilang kaguhitan niya sa baliktad kan kwartang papel
|
|}

== Kataytayan nin mga ladawan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Ladawan:Type 97 Carrier Attack Bomber of the Ryujo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano (Tabaco City, Pinagbobong).jpg
Ladawan:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon aerial photo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon's Reflection.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon and Legazpi City, Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon 2018.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon volcano.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano 2.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 1.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon1984.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 2.jpg
Ladawan:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano-2010-20-08.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano, Albay.jpg
Ladawan:Legazpi - panoramio (2).jpg
Ladawan:Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
Ladawan:Mt Mayon via Sumlang Lake - Albay - Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Catanduanes - Mayon - panoramio.jpg
Ladawan:Legaspi - Mount Mayon - panoramio (1).jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano and the Sleeping Lion.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano from Baao Cam Sur.jpg
Ladawan:Bulkang Mayon 04.jpg
File:Bukid mayon.jpg
File:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
File:View of Mayon Volcano in May 2021.jpg
File:MayonVolcano.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Toltolan ==
{{reflist}}

==Mga panluwas na takod==
* [http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano/ Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122203606/http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano |date=2018-01-22 }} World Landforms 
* [https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200607-273030 Global Volcanism Program] Smithsonian Institution. Natural Museum of History. 
* [http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/Volcano/Volcanolist/mayon.htm PHIVOLCS] - Ofisyal na pahina kan Bulkan Mayon (PHIVOLCS)
* [http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090714100754/http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 |date=2009-07-14 }} 
* [http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ National Disaster Coordinating Council] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070418212833/http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ |date=2007-04-18 }} Mga presenteng panyayari manonongod sa Bulkan Mayon
* [http://www.philippinecountry.com/philippine_news/year2006/mayon_volcano-08-07-06.html Mayon Volcano] philippinecountry.com
* [http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814 The Mayon Eruption of 1814] Philippine Daily Inquirer

{{rambong}}

[[Kategorya:Mga bulkan]]
[[Kategorya:Bulkan]]</text>
      <sha1>hty0iq1fu1cxt5mya1ipntnybn94yov</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>305129</id>
      <parentid>305128</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-04T23:51:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Poropot777</username>
        <id>30297</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Mga pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon sa lawig nin panahon */</comment>
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      <text bytes="16265" sha1="o8ktd6lix4s6uppmm48qq5rp6xyndf9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox bukid
| name              = Mayon
| photo             = Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
| photo_caption     = An tanawon kan Mayon gikan sa [[Ligñon Hill]] sa [[Legazpi, Albay|Syudad nin Legazpi]], [[Albay]] kadtong  Disyembre 2006
| elevation_m       = 2463
| elevation_ref     = &lt;ref name=ferranti&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/philippines.html|title=Philippine Mountains – 29 Mountain Summits with Prominence of 1,500 meters or greater|last=de Ferranti|first=Jonathan|author2=Aaron Maizlish|accessdate=2011-01-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| prominence_m      = 2447
| prominence_ref    = &lt;ref name=ferranti /&gt;
| listing           = {{hlist|[[Lista kan mga aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas|Aktibong bulkan]]|[[Ultra prominent peak|Ultra]]}}
| topo              =
| range_coordinates = 
| map               = Luzon#Filipinas
| map_alt           = Kinamumugtakan na mapa kan Bulkan na Mayon
| map_caption       = 
| location          = 
| map_relief        =
| label             = 
| label_position    =
| coordinates       = {{coord|13|15|24|N|123|41|6|E|type:mountain_region:PH_scale=10000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref   =
| type              = [[Estratobulkan]]
| age               = &gt; 20,000 na taon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Mirabueno|first1=M. H. T.|last2=Okuno|first2=M.|last3=Nakamura|first3=T.|last4=Newhall|first4=C. G.|last5=Kobayashi|first5=T.|authorlink4=Christopher G. Newhall|title=AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Paleosols Intercalated with Tephra Layers from Mayon Volcano, Southern Luzon, Philippines: A Preliminary Report|journal=Bulletin of the Volcanological Society of Japan|date=2006|volume=36|issue=2|pages=23–28|publisher=Volcanological Society of Japan|issn=0386-118X|quote=... the oldest eruptive event must have taken place shortly before 20 cal kyr BP.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| last_eruption     = 2018
| first_ascent      = [[Scotsmen]] Paton &amp; Stewart (1858)&lt;ref name=Britannica&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=GKMMAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA749 &quot;Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. 18, 9th Ed.&quot;], pg. 749. Henry G. Allen &amp; Company, New York.&lt;/ref&gt;
| easiest_route     = 
| other_name        = {{native name|bcl|Bulkang Mayon}}
| country           = [[Filipinas]]
| state             = [[Rehiyon Bikol]]
| state_type        = Rehiyon
| region            = [[Albay]]
| region_type       = Probinsya
| city              = {{collapsible list|bullets=true|[[Camalig, Albay|Camalig]]|[[Daraga, Albay|Daraga]]|[[Guinobatan]]|[[Legazpi, Albay|Legazpi]]|[[Ligao]]|[[Malilipot, Albay|Malilipot]]|[[Santo Domingo, Albay|Santo Domingo]]|[[Tabaco]]}}
| city_type         = Mga syudad asin&lt;br /&gt;mga banwaan
| embedded          = 
}}
[[File:Ph locator albay legazpi.png|right|thumb|200px|Mapa pinapahiling kinamomogtakan kan bulkan Mayon]]
[[File:Mayon 0052.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Pagtuga kan Des. 29, 2009 kan bulkan Mayon]]
An '''Bulkan Mayon''' sa [[tataramon na Bikol Sentral|Bikol]] sinasayod man na '''Mayong''' sarong aktibong bulkan, na namumugtak sa [[Probinsya kan Filipinas|probinsya]] nin [[Albay]] sa nasyon kan [[Filipinas]]. An Mayon Volcano bantog na destinasyon nin turismo sa rehiyon nin [[Bikol Amihanan na Catanduanes|Bikol]] huli sa saiyang haros perpektong pormang balisongsong. Namguktak ini 15 kilometro an rayo, norteng-sulnopan kan [[Syudad nin Legazpi]]. Bantog ini huli sa haros perpektong kurti kaini.[https://guidetothephilippines.ph/articles/ultimate-guides/mayon-volcano-guide-albay-bicol]  

An bulkan na ini asin saiyang palibot pigdeklarang parke nasyonal kan Hulyo 20, 1938, an pinakaenot sa nasyon. Dangan pigliwat an klasipikasyon bilang Parke Natural, asin inapod na Mayon Volcano Natural Park kan 2000. Ini man an hayag na ginibong sentro kan  Albay Biosphere Reserve, susog sa deklarasyon kan UNESCO kan 2016.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/asia-and-the-pacific/philippines/albay www.unesco.org]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_the_Philippines.html List of Protected Areas of the Philippines]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Deskripsyon kan bulkan==
An bulkan Mayon may langkaw na 2,462 metro (8,077 pye), 20 kilometro an saiyang diametro sa saiyang pamitisan, naglilikos nin 62.8 kilometro an saiyang sakop sa mga banwaan nin Camalig, Malilipot, asin Sto. Domingo (Li'bog kaidto). Inapod na sarong ''stratovolcano'', ini saro sa 22 na aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas na sinasabing pinaka-aktibo huli ta may pinakadakul na bilang nin pagtuga.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm] www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Sigon sa mga bulkanologo, sarô ining stratovolcano o kompositong bulkan. Ang garo simetriko kaining kono nabilog sa paagi nin pagpatong-patong nin mga bolos nin lahar asin lava. Nin huli ta uminabot nang sobra 50 ng beses na an mga pagtuga kaini sa naka-aging 400 taon, ikinokonsiderar na ining pinakáaktibong bulkan sa enterong nacion. Mahihiling ini sa sarong convergent plate boundary&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; sa tahaw kan Platong Eurasiano sagkod kan Plato nin Plipinas.
:&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;small&gt;lugar kung saen minanumpungan an sarong ''kontinental na plato'' asin sarong ''oceanic plate''. Digdi tinutulod paibaba kan mas magian na ''kontinental na plato'' an mas magabat na ''osyanikong plato''; Sa pagkatunaw kan gapo nabibilog an [[magma]].&lt;/small&gt;

==Pag-uson kan 1814==

An Bulkan Mayon may sobra sa singkwentang beses  nagtuga na sa historya kaini &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;: ang enot kan taon 1616, an pinakáhuri taon 2018. Ang pinakámakusog na pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon iyo kan Febrero 1, 1814. Natambunan nin lava an [[Rugbang Simbahan nin Cagsawa|banwaan na Cagsawa]] asin may 1,200 katao an nagadan. Ang kampanaryo kan simbahan kan banwaan an natada' nin huli ta rompag na an pinaká-simbahan kaini. Si [[Feodor Jagor]] mas pa an sinabing nagkagaradan na nag'abot daang 12,000.&lt;ref&gt;[http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814]inquirer.net. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagtuga kan 1897==

[[File:Mayon Volcano in 1899.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Hitsura kan Ma'yong, 1899]]
An pinakahalawig na pag'uson kan Bulkan Mayon nangyari kan  taon 1897, na nagpoon Hunyo 23 asta Hunyo 30. Ini nagresulta sa pagkagadan nin sobra 400 katawo huli sa nagbubulos na laboy asin tubig na nagbubuladbukad asin nag'oolantong mga mainit na kagagapoan. An pagputok nag'ayaw nin 17 oras asin rinatakan an pampang-dagat kan Sto. Domingo, asin mga baryo sa Sto. Nino, San Isidro, San Roque, San Antonio, Misericordia sa banwaan nin Sto. Domingo; banwaan nin Ligao; parte kan Bigaa, San Fernando; asin an Syudad nin Legazpi. An Salog Basud kan Li'bog (ngonyan nginaranan nang Sto. Domingo) asin Camalig binulosan man nin nagbubugawas na mainiton na laboy (lava). An kalangitan sa palibot pinatos nin maitom na abo asin naghitsurang sinarom an mga magkataraid na lugar. An pagtugang ini kan Bulkan Mayon iyo na daa an nagtaong ikaduwang grabeng ratak asin danyos sa probinsya nin Albay sunod sa pagtuga kan 1814..&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=CRzMOYIuLJEC&amp;pg=PA416&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]books.google.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/638630/5-most-destructive-explosions-of-mayon-volcano].newsin fo.inquirer.net.Kinua 1-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagpotok kan 1984 asin 1993==
[[File:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Pagtuga kan Mayon 1984]]

Mayo man nadeklarang gadan ining 1984 na pagpotok pero 73,000 na katao an pinahubo' hale sa delikadong lugar sa palibot kan bulkan, susog sa mando kan mga personahe kan PHIVOLCS. Ining 1993 na pagtuga nagresulta sa pagkagaradan nin 75 katawo huli daa sa pyroclastic flows, kadaklan mga paraoma nagiistar sa palibot kan Bukid na habong magharale.

==Pagpotok kan 2006==
Ini ang ika-48 na pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon kan Hulyo 13 na sinundan kan pagtopga kan Lava puon Hulyo 14, 2006. Dai mababa sa 74,069 na mga tawo o 13,870 na pamilya hale sa kwarentang banwaan sa tolong Syudad asin limang munisipyo na naibakwar sa laog kan walong-kilometro palibot kan Bulkan Mayon uyon sa Pampublikong Kaligtasan at Opisina ng Pamamahala ng Emergency Management Office.

Lokal na mga Sayantipiko sinabi na uyon sa gravitational pull kun tanu nagpotok ang Bulan kaya. Sinasabi na tolo sa 50 na pagbuag kan bulkan Mayon sa nakaaging apat na dekada uyon sa kabilogan nin bulan, kabale dyan ang duwang nakaagi pa sanang pagpotok kan 2000 asin 2001.

Pakatapos kan pagpotok kasabay ang pagdiklom kan palibot kan Septyembre 1 huli sa nag'alimbukad na abo kung kaya napundo ang mga saindang mga aktibidades sa mga iskwelahan asin an mga ini ginibong mga temporaryong istaran kan mga tawo. Ang PHILVOLCS binaba na an lebel sa alerto 3 hale sa alerto 4 kan Septyembre 11, alerto 2 kan Oktubre 3 asin alerto 1 kan Oktubre 25. Magayun na bareta na mayong nadiklarang gadan habang nagpopotok ang Bulkan pero kadimalasan may uminagi pang [[Bagyong Reming]] na may kasabay na makusog na Uran kan Nobyembre 30 kung kaya sobra sa 320 ang mga nagkagaradan asin 762 man an nagkawarara.

[[File:Mayon Space.jpg|right|thumb|250px|An bulkan Mayon sini'rip paagi satelyete]]

==Mga pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon sa lawig nin panahon==

Sinasabing nagtuga na an bulkan Mayon  nin sobra sa limang polong beses na: 1616, 1766, 1800, 1811(?), 1814, 1827, 1834, 1839, 1845, 1846, 1851, 1853, 1855, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1868, 1871-72, 1872, 1873, 1876, 1876, 1881-82, 1885, 1886-87, 1888, 1890, 1891-92, 1893, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1900, 1902(?), 1928, 1939, 1941, 1943, 1947, 1968, 1978, 1984, 1993, 1999-2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2003(?), 2004, 2006, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2018, 2023, 2024 asin 2026&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm]www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1274172&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.rappler.com/philippines/luzon/phivolcs-mayon-volcano-update-phreatic-eruption-february-4-2024/&lt;/ref&gt;

Opisyalmente, an PHILVOCS sinasabing 52 na an pagtuga kan Mayon, basado sa pagtuga kaini kan Enero 13, 2018. 
&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==An pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon sa literaturang Bikol==

[[File:Oldcagsawapi2.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Rogba kan simbahan sa Cagsawa kan nagtuga an Mayon kan 1814]]

An duwang makuring pagtuga kan bulkan, taon 1814 asin 1897, nagtulod sa duwang pararawit sa Bicol na magtokda  nin rawitdawit sa pagromdom kan mga makagiram-giram na mga pangyayaring ini. Si [[Fray Bernardino Melendreras| Prayle Melendreras]] nasambit ni Abogado [[Jose Calleja Reyes|Reyes]] sa saiyang libro [[Bikol Maharlika (libro)|Bikol Maharlika]] na igwa daang taga-bicol na inapod ni Melendreras komo sarong  &quot;Homer nin Bicol&quot; na nagtokda' nin rawitdawit manongod sa pagtuga kan Mayon kan 1814 alagad saiya nang ipigpalis sa Espanyol. Alagad si Reyes ipinalis balik sa Bikol an obra ni Melendreras. Kan an Mayon nagtuga kan taon 1897, si [[Mariano Perfecto]] man nagmukna nin halawig na rawit na may 300 na stanza, dapit sa pagtugang ini. Saiyang ipinalagda ini sa duwang tomo, titulado, Bareta dapit can Volcan Mayong sa Albay can junio de 1897 sa imprentahan kan [[Imprenta de la Sagrada Familia|Sagrada Familia]] kan taon  mismong idto.&lt;ref&gt;[http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193721/http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4 |date=2023-03-26 }}Philippine e-library. Kinua 22-01-18.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Reyes, Calleja Jose. Bikol Maharlika (1992). Goodwill Trading. Makati City. Philippines. 552 pages. 55 photographs.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193719/http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572|date=2023-03-26}}nlp.gov.ph.Kinua 22-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Maladawan nanggad an pagpintura ni Perfecto kan nagdudurulag harani sa nagbabalinghaw na bulkan, mala ta ini an iginuhit niya sa saiyang rawitdawit:

*Mabagsik man gayod, pa'nong pakarikas
*kadtong kadootan na barobalagat,
*may kabit na aki, may kilik, may kibat,
*sa piot na dalan nagdadarodasmag!

==Istoryang suanoy manongod sa Bulkan Ma'yon==

An bulkan iyo man an sentro kan istoryang soanoy kan mga gurang na iyo na daa ini an pigura ni Daragang Magayon kan ini ilinubong bunga kan nagadan ta natusok pana kan magralaban an duwang tribu, tribu ni Panganoron asin tribu ni Pagtuga na mayong ibang pig'iiwalan kundi an makua an pagkamoot kan daraga.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.slideshare.net/mszennie/legend-of-mayon-volcano]www.slideshare.net. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Moneda kan Filipinas==
An Ma'yong natampok naman bilang parte kan desenyo sa kwartang Filipinas.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Taon
!Denominasyon
!Deskripsyon
!Hitsura kan takal /Papel na kwarta
|-
|1903–1968
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; kabangang sentimo, sarong sentimo, limang sentimos, sampolong sentimos, beinte sentimos, salapi, asin [[piso]]
|Mayon na nagsusurusilyab na sa alitoktok kaini may nagtatambook na buga nin aso&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ecrater.com/p/29239382/1964-philippines-50-fifty-centavos-coin-km190?gps=1&amp;id=81021330019]www.ecrater.com. Kinua 25-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[File:Phil1904onecentobv.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5|Half centavo coin]]
|-
|1918
|50 sentimo
|Sarong babaying nakatindog kapot sarong maso sa tongod nin toto'pan asin sa likodan mahihiling an Bulkan Mayon.
An gabat kaini 10 gramo.
|[[Ladawan:Filipinas (PI) 50 Centavos Silver Coin 1918 (s).jpg|thumb|50 centavos]]
|-
|1958–1967
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; piso
|[[Bulkan Mayon]] asin tolong lalake nakalunad sa pamaba guyod nin damulag
|
|-
|2016–presente
|100 na piso
|Toninong na Mayon bilang kaguhitan niya sa baliktad kan kwartang papel
|
|}

== Kataytayan nin mga ladawan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Ladawan:Type 97 Carrier Attack Bomber of the Ryujo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano (Tabaco City, Pinagbobong).jpg
Ladawan:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon aerial photo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon's Reflection.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon and Legazpi City, Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon 2018.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon volcano.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano 2.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 1.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon1984.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 2.jpg
Ladawan:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano-2010-20-08.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano, Albay.jpg
Ladawan:Legazpi - panoramio (2).jpg
Ladawan:Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
Ladawan:Mt Mayon via Sumlang Lake - Albay - Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Catanduanes - Mayon - panoramio.jpg
Ladawan:Legaspi - Mount Mayon - panoramio (1).jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano and the Sleeping Lion.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano from Baao Cam Sur.jpg
Ladawan:Bulkang Mayon 04.jpg
File:Bukid mayon.jpg
File:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
File:View of Mayon Volcano in May 2021.jpg
File:MayonVolcano.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Toltolan ==
{{reflist}}

==Mga panluwas na takod==
* [http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano/ Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122203606/http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano |date=2018-01-22 }} World Landforms 
* [https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200607-273030 Global Volcanism Program] Smithsonian Institution. Natural Museum of History. 
* [http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/Volcano/Volcanolist/mayon.htm PHIVOLCS] - Ofisyal na pahina kan Bulkan Mayon (PHIVOLCS)
* [http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090714100754/http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 |date=2009-07-14 }} 
* [http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ National Disaster Coordinating Council] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070418212833/http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ |date=2007-04-18 }} Mga presenteng panyayari manonongod sa Bulkan Mayon
* [http://www.philippinecountry.com/philippine_news/year2006/mayon_volcano-08-07-06.html Mayon Volcano] philippinecountry.com
* [http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814 The Mayon Eruption of 1814] Philippine Daily Inquirer

{{rambong}}

[[Kategorya:Mga bulkan]]
[[Kategorya:Bulkan]]</text>
      <sha1>o8ktd6lix4s6uppmm48qq5rp6xyndf9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>305130</id>
      <parentid>305129</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-05T00:06:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Poropot777</username>
        <id>30297</id>
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      <comment>/* An pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon sa literaturang Bikol */</comment>
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      <text bytes="16352" sha1="8hloxwtw87sw05opjkp9slhlyq7hhbd" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox bukid
| name              = Mayon
| photo             = Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
| photo_caption     = An tanawon kan Mayon gikan sa [[Ligñon Hill]] sa [[Legazpi, Albay|Syudad nin Legazpi]], [[Albay]] kadtong  Disyembre 2006
| elevation_m       = 2463
| elevation_ref     = &lt;ref name=ferranti&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/philippines.html|title=Philippine Mountains – 29 Mountain Summits with Prominence of 1,500 meters or greater|last=de Ferranti|first=Jonathan|author2=Aaron Maizlish|accessdate=2011-01-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| prominence_m      = 2447
| prominence_ref    = &lt;ref name=ferranti /&gt;
| listing           = {{hlist|[[Lista kan mga aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas|Aktibong bulkan]]|[[Ultra prominent peak|Ultra]]}}
| topo              =
| range_coordinates = 
| map               = Luzon#Filipinas
| map_alt           = Kinamumugtakan na mapa kan Bulkan na Mayon
| map_caption       = 
| location          = 
| map_relief        =
| label             = 
| label_position    =
| coordinates       = {{coord|13|15|24|N|123|41|6|E|type:mountain_region:PH_scale=10000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref   =
| type              = [[Estratobulkan]]
| age               = &gt; 20,000 na taon&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Mirabueno|first1=M. H. T.|last2=Okuno|first2=M.|last3=Nakamura|first3=T.|last4=Newhall|first4=C. G.|last5=Kobayashi|first5=T.|authorlink4=Christopher G. Newhall|title=AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Paleosols Intercalated with Tephra Layers from Mayon Volcano, Southern Luzon, Philippines: A Preliminary Report|journal=Bulletin of the Volcanological Society of Japan|date=2006|volume=36|issue=2|pages=23–28|publisher=Volcanological Society of Japan|issn=0386-118X|quote=... the oldest eruptive event must have taken place shortly before 20 cal kyr BP.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| last_eruption     = 2018
| first_ascent      = [[Scotsmen]] Paton &amp; Stewart (1858)&lt;ref name=Britannica&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=GKMMAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA749 &quot;Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. 18, 9th Ed.&quot;], pg. 749. Henry G. Allen &amp; Company, New York.&lt;/ref&gt;
| easiest_route     = 
| other_name        = {{native name|bcl|Bulkang Mayon}}
| country           = [[Filipinas]]
| state             = [[Rehiyon Bikol]]
| state_type        = Rehiyon
| region            = [[Albay]]
| region_type       = Probinsya
| city              = {{collapsible list|bullets=true|[[Camalig, Albay|Camalig]]|[[Daraga, Albay|Daraga]]|[[Guinobatan]]|[[Legazpi, Albay|Legazpi]]|[[Ligao]]|[[Malilipot, Albay|Malilipot]]|[[Santo Domingo, Albay|Santo Domingo]]|[[Tabaco]]}}
| city_type         = Mga syudad asin&lt;br /&gt;mga banwaan
| embedded          = 
}}
[[File:Ph locator albay legazpi.png|right|thumb|200px|Mapa pinapahiling kinamomogtakan kan bulkan Mayon]]
[[File:Mayon 0052.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Pagtuga kan Des. 29, 2009 kan bulkan Mayon]]
An '''Bulkan Mayon''' sa [[tataramon na Bikol Sentral|Bikol]] sinasayod man na '''Mayong''' sarong aktibong bulkan, na namumugtak sa [[Probinsya kan Filipinas|probinsya]] nin [[Albay]] sa nasyon kan [[Filipinas]]. An Mayon Volcano bantog na destinasyon nin turismo sa rehiyon nin [[Bikol Amihanan na Catanduanes|Bikol]] huli sa saiyang haros perpektong pormang balisongsong. Namguktak ini 15 kilometro an rayo, norteng-sulnopan kan [[Syudad nin Legazpi]]. Bantog ini huli sa haros perpektong kurti kaini.[https://guidetothephilippines.ph/articles/ultimate-guides/mayon-volcano-guide-albay-bicol]  

An bulkan na ini asin saiyang palibot pigdeklarang parke nasyonal kan Hulyo 20, 1938, an pinakaenot sa nasyon. Dangan pigliwat an klasipikasyon bilang Parke Natural, asin inapod na Mayon Volcano Natural Park kan 2000. Ini man an hayag na ginibong sentro kan  Albay Biosphere Reserve, susog sa deklarasyon kan UNESCO kan 2016.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological-sciences/biosphere-reserves/asia-and-the-pacific/philippines/albay www.unesco.org]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_the_Philippines.html List of Protected Areas of the Philippines]. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Deskripsyon kan bulkan==
An bulkan Mayon may langkaw na 2,462 metro (8,077 pye), 20 kilometro an saiyang diametro sa saiyang pamitisan, naglilikos nin 62.8 kilometro an saiyang sakop sa mga banwaan nin Camalig, Malilipot, asin Sto. Domingo (Li'bog kaidto). Inapod na sarong ''stratovolcano'', ini saro sa 22 na aktibong bulkan sa Filipinas na sinasabing pinaka-aktibo huli ta may pinakadakul na bilang nin pagtuga.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm] www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Sigon sa mga bulkanologo, sarô ining stratovolcano o kompositong bulkan. Ang garo simetriko kaining kono nabilog sa paagi nin pagpatong-patong nin mga bolos nin lahar asin lava. Nin huli ta uminabot nang sobra 50 ng beses na an mga pagtuga kaini sa naka-aging 400 taon, ikinokonsiderar na ining pinakáaktibong bulkan sa enterong nacion. Mahihiling ini sa sarong convergent plate boundary&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; sa tahaw kan Platong Eurasiano sagkod kan Plato nin Plipinas.
:&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;small&gt;lugar kung saen minanumpungan an sarong ''kontinental na plato'' asin sarong ''oceanic plate''. Digdi tinutulod paibaba kan mas magian na ''kontinental na plato'' an mas magabat na ''osyanikong plato''; Sa pagkatunaw kan gapo nabibilog an [[magma]].&lt;/small&gt;

==Pag-uson kan 1814==

An Bulkan Mayon may sobra sa singkwentang beses  nagtuga na sa historya kaini &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;: ang enot kan taon 1616, an pinakáhuri taon 2018. Ang pinakámakusog na pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon iyo kan Febrero 1, 1814. Natambunan nin lava an [[Rugbang Simbahan nin Cagsawa|banwaan na Cagsawa]] asin may 1,200 katao an nagadan. Ang kampanaryo kan simbahan kan banwaan an natada' nin huli ta rompag na an pinaká-simbahan kaini. Si [[Feodor Jagor]] mas pa an sinabing nagkagaradan na nag'abot daang 12,000.&lt;ref&gt;[http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814]inquirer.net. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagtuga kan 1897==

[[File:Mayon Volcano in 1899.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Hitsura kan Ma'yong, 1899]]
An pinakahalawig na pag'uson kan Bulkan Mayon nangyari kan  taon 1897, na nagpoon Hunyo 23 asta Hunyo 30. Ini nagresulta sa pagkagadan nin sobra 400 katawo huli sa nagbubulos na laboy asin tubig na nagbubuladbukad asin nag'oolantong mga mainit na kagagapoan. An pagputok nag'ayaw nin 17 oras asin rinatakan an pampang-dagat kan Sto. Domingo, asin mga baryo sa Sto. Nino, San Isidro, San Roque, San Antonio, Misericordia sa banwaan nin Sto. Domingo; banwaan nin Ligao; parte kan Bigaa, San Fernando; asin an Syudad nin Legazpi. An Salog Basud kan Li'bog (ngonyan nginaranan nang Sto. Domingo) asin Camalig binulosan man nin nagbubugawas na mainiton na laboy (lava). An kalangitan sa palibot pinatos nin maitom na abo asin naghitsurang sinarom an mga magkataraid na lugar. An pagtugang ini kan Bulkan Mayon iyo na daa an nagtaong ikaduwang grabeng ratak asin danyos sa probinsya nin Albay sunod sa pagtuga kan 1814..&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=CRzMOYIuLJEC&amp;pg=PA416&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false]books.google.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/638630/5-most-destructive-explosions-of-mayon-volcano].newsin fo.inquirer.net.Kinua 1-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==Pagpotok kan 1984 asin 1993==
[[File:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Pagtuga kan Mayon 1984]]

Mayo man nadeklarang gadan ining 1984 na pagpotok pero 73,000 na katao an pinahubo' hale sa delikadong lugar sa palibot kan bulkan, susog sa mando kan mga personahe kan PHIVOLCS. Ining 1993 na pagtuga nagresulta sa pagkagaradan nin 75 katawo huli daa sa pyroclastic flows, kadaklan mga paraoma nagiistar sa palibot kan Bukid na habong magharale.

==Pagpotok kan 2006==
Ini ang ika-48 na pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon kan Hulyo 13 na sinundan kan pagtopga kan Lava puon Hulyo 14, 2006. Dai mababa sa 74,069 na mga tawo o 13,870 na pamilya hale sa kwarentang banwaan sa tolong Syudad asin limang munisipyo na naibakwar sa laog kan walong-kilometro palibot kan Bulkan Mayon uyon sa Pampublikong Kaligtasan at Opisina ng Pamamahala ng Emergency Management Office.

Lokal na mga Sayantipiko sinabi na uyon sa gravitational pull kun tanu nagpotok ang Bulan kaya. Sinasabi na tolo sa 50 na pagbuag kan bulkan Mayon sa nakaaging apat na dekada uyon sa kabilogan nin bulan, kabale dyan ang duwang nakaagi pa sanang pagpotok kan 2000 asin 2001.

Pakatapos kan pagpotok kasabay ang pagdiklom kan palibot kan Septyembre 1 huli sa nag'alimbukad na abo kung kaya napundo ang mga saindang mga aktibidades sa mga iskwelahan asin an mga ini ginibong mga temporaryong istaran kan mga tawo. Ang PHILVOLCS binaba na an lebel sa alerto 3 hale sa alerto 4 kan Septyembre 11, alerto 2 kan Oktubre 3 asin alerto 1 kan Oktubre 25. Magayun na bareta na mayong nadiklarang gadan habang nagpopotok ang Bulkan pero kadimalasan may uminagi pang [[Bagyong Reming]] na may kasabay na makusog na Uran kan Nobyembre 30 kung kaya sobra sa 320 ang mga nagkagaradan asin 762 man an nagkawarara.

[[File:Mayon Space.jpg|right|thumb|250px|An bulkan Mayon sini'rip paagi satelyete]]

==Mga pagtuga kan Bulkan Mayon sa lawig nin panahon==

Sinasabing nagtuga na an bulkan Mayon  nin sobra sa limang polong beses na: 1616, 1766, 1800, 1811(?), 1814, 1827, 1834, 1839, 1845, 1846, 1851, 1853, 1855, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1868, 1871-72, 1872, 1873, 1876, 1876, 1881-82, 1885, 1886-87, 1888, 1890, 1891-92, 1893, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1900, 1902(?), 1928, 1939, 1941, 1943, 1947, 1968, 1978, 1984, 1993, 1999-2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2003(?), 2004, 2006, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2018, 2023, 2024 asin 2026&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/html/update_VMEPD/Volcano/VolcanoList/mayon.htm]www.philvocs.dost.gov.ph. Kinua 20-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1274172&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.rappler.com/philippines/luzon/phivolcs-mayon-volcano-update-phreatic-eruption-february-4-2024/&lt;/ref&gt;

Opisyalmente, an PHILVOCS sinasabing 52 na an pagtuga kan Mayon, basado sa pagtuga kaini kan Enero 13, 2018. 
&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/mayon.html] www.volcanodiscovery.com. Kinua 10-09-17&lt;/ref&gt;

==An pagtuga kan bulkan Mayon sa literaturang Bikol==

[[File:Oldcagsawapi2.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Rogba kan simbahan sa Cagsawa kan nagtuga an Mayon kan 1814]]
[[File:Bareta Perfecto.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Bareta sa Pagtuga kan bulkan Mayong 1897]]
An duwang makuring pagtuga kan bulkan, taon 1814 asin 1897, nagtulod sa duwang pararawit sa Bicol na magtokda  nin rawitdawit sa pagromdom kan mga makagiram-giram na mga pangyayaring ini. Si [[Fray Bernardino Melendreras| Prayle Melendreras]] nasambit ni Abogado [[Jose Calleja Reyes|Reyes]] sa saiyang libro [[Bikol Maharlika (libro)|Bikol Maharlika]] na igwa daang taga-bicol na inapod ni Melendreras komo sarong  &quot;Homer nin Bicol&quot; na nagtokda' nin rawitdawit manongod sa pagtuga kan Mayon kan 1814 alagad saiya nang ipigpalis sa Espanyol. Alagad si Reyes ipinalis balik sa Bikol an obra ni Melendreras. Kan an Mayon nagtuga kan taon 1897, si [[Mariano Perfecto]] man nagmukna nin halawig na rawit na may 300 na stanza, dapit sa pagtugang ini. Saiyang ipinalagda ini sa duwang tomo, titulado, Bareta dapit can Volcan Mayong sa Albay can junio de 1897 sa imprentahan kan [[Imprenta de la Sagrada Familia|Sagrada Familia]] kan taon  mismong idto.&lt;ref&gt;[http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193721/http://202.92.128.143/details.php?uid=2f776cfbc7fc9b2d8bc97104f727b0f4 |date=2023-03-26 }}Philippine e-library. Kinua 22-01-18.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Reyes, Calleja Jose. Bikol Maharlika (1992). Goodwill Trading. Makati City. Philippines. 552 pages. 55 photographs.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326193719/http://koha.nlp.gov.ph/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?bib=78572|date=2023-03-26}}nlp.gov.ph.Kinua 22-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

Maladawan nanggad an pagpintura ni Perfecto kan nagdudurulag harani sa nagbabalinghaw na bulkan, mala ta ini an iginuhit niya sa saiyang rawitdawit:

*Mabagsik man gayod, pa'nong pakarikas
*kadtong kadootan na barobalagat,
*may kabit na aki, may kilik, may kibat,
*sa piot na dalan nagdadarodasmag!

==Istoryang suanoy manongod sa Bulkan Ma'yon==

An bulkan iyo man an sentro kan istoryang soanoy kan mga gurang na iyo na daa ini an pigura ni Daragang Magayon kan ini ilinubong bunga kan nagadan ta natusok pana kan magralaban an duwang tribu, tribu ni Panganoron asin tribu ni Pagtuga na mayong ibang pig'iiwalan kundi an makua an pagkamoot kan daraga.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.slideshare.net/mszennie/legend-of-mayon-volcano]www.slideshare.net. Kinua 28-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;

==Moneda kan Filipinas==
An Ma'yong natampok naman bilang parte kan desenyo sa kwartang Filipinas.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Taon
!Denominasyon
!Deskripsyon
!Hitsura kan takal /Papel na kwarta
|-
|1903–1968
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; kabangang sentimo, sarong sentimo, limang sentimos, sampolong sentimos, beinte sentimos, salapi, asin [[piso]]
|Mayon na nagsusurusilyab na sa alitoktok kaini may nagtatambook na buga nin aso&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ecrater.com/p/29239382/1964-philippines-50-fifty-centavos-coin-km190?gps=1&amp;id=81021330019]www.ecrater.com. Kinua 25-01-18&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[File:Phil1904onecentobv.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5|Half centavo coin]]
|-
|1918
|50 sentimo
|Sarong babaying nakatindog kapot sarong maso sa tongod nin toto'pan asin sa likodan mahihiling an Bulkan Mayon.
An gabat kaini 10 gramo.
|[[Ladawan:Filipinas (PI) 50 Centavos Silver Coin 1918 (s).jpg|thumb|50 centavos]]
|-
|1958–1967
| &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;⁄&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; piso
|[[Bulkan Mayon]] asin tolong lalake nakalunad sa pamaba guyod nin damulag
|
|-
|2016–presente
|100 na piso
|Toninong na Mayon bilang kaguhitan niya sa baliktad kan kwartang papel
|
|}

== Kataytayan nin mga ladawan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Ladawan:Type 97 Carrier Attack Bomber of the Ryujo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano (Tabaco City, Pinagbobong).jpg
Ladawan:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon aerial photo.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon's Reflection.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon and Legazpi City, Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon 2018.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon volcano.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano 2.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 1.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon1984.jpg
Ladawan:Mt. Mayon Volcano Albay, Philippines 2.jpg
Ladawan:Pyroclastic flows at Mayon Volcano-2010-20-08.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano, Albay.jpg
Ladawan:Legazpi - panoramio (2).jpg
Ladawan:Mt.Mayon tam3rd.jpg
Ladawan:Mt Mayon via Sumlang Lake - Albay - Philippines.jpg
Ladawan:Catanduanes - Mayon - panoramio.jpg
Ladawan:Legaspi - Mount Mayon - panoramio (1).jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano and the Sleeping Lion.jpg
Ladawan:Mayon Volcano from Baao Cam Sur.jpg
Ladawan:Bulkang Mayon 04.jpg
File:Bukid mayon.jpg
File:Volcano Mayon at Sumlang Lake.jpg
File:View of Mayon Volcano in May 2021.jpg
File:MayonVolcano.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Toltolan ==
{{reflist}}

==Mga panluwas na takod==
* [http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano/ Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122203606/http://worldlandforms.com/landforms/mayon-volcano |date=2018-01-22 }} World Landforms 
* [https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200607-273030 Global Volcanism Program] Smithsonian Institution. Natural Museum of History. 
* [http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/Volcano/Volcanolist/mayon.htm PHIVOLCS] - Ofisyal na pahina kan Bulkan Mayon (PHIVOLCS)
* [http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 Mayon Volcano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090714100754/http://www.isulongseoph.org/?p=44 |date=2009-07-14 }} 
* [http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ National Disaster Coordinating Council] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070418212833/http://ndcc.gov.ph/ndcc/ |date=2007-04-18 }} Mga presenteng panyayari manonongod sa Bulkan Mayon
* [http://www.philippinecountry.com/philippine_news/year2006/mayon_volcano-08-07-06.html Mayon Volcano] philippinecountry.com
* [http://opinion.inquirer.net/52185/the-mayon-eruption-of-1814 The Mayon Eruption of 1814] Philippine Daily Inquirer

{{rambong}}

[[Kategorya:Mga bulkan]]
[[Kategorya:Bulkan]]</text>
      <sha1>8hloxwtw87sw05opjkp9slhlyq7hhbd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Pakurusogan asin Olimpikong Komite kan Macau</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2963</id>
    <revision>
      <id>305143</id>
      <parentid>139938</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-05T11:46:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Filipinayzd</username>
        <id>7</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added image and caption</comment>
      <origin>305143</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="585" sha1="bjahzo5kkqla4w2hnv70zhfepjgwtvv" xml:space="preserve">[[Ladawan:Sports_and_Olympic_Committee_of_Macau,_China.png | thumb | too | Tatak kan organisasyon]]An '''Pakurusogan asin Olimpikong Komite kan Macau''' ([[tataramon na Ingles|Ingles]]: ''Macau Sports and Olympic Committee'', [[tataramon na Portuges|Portuges]]: ''Comité Olímpico e Desportivo de Macau'') iyo an [[Nasyunal na Olimpikong Komite]] ([[Nasyunal na Olimpikong Komite|NOC]]) kan [[Macau]], [[Tsina]].

== Mga panluwas na takod ==
* [http://www.macauolympic.org/ Oficial na websayt]

[[Kategorya:Mga nasyunal na Olimpikong komite|Macau, Pakurusogan asin Olimpikong Komite]]</text>
      <sha1>bjahzo5kkqla4w2hnv70zhfepjgwtvv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Laganadi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5775</id>
    <revision>
      <id>305138</id>
      <parentid>141966</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-05T11:39:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Filipinayzd</username>
        <id>7</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>added image</comment>
      <origin>305138</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="290" sha1="2d2kyy50lacrhhlk8dr0tbvqufhk4b6" xml:space="preserve">[[Ladawan:Laganadi_(Reggio_Calabria)_-_Italy_-_14_Aug._2018.jpg | thumb | too | Laganadi]]An '''{{PAGENAME}}''' sarong [[komyun]] asin [[banwaan]] sa [[Provincia nin Reggio Calabria]] sa [[rehiyon kan Italya|rehiyon]] [[Calabria]] kan [[Italya]].

{{stub}}
{{Provincia nin Reggio Calabria}}</text>
      <sha1>2d2kyy50lacrhhlk8dr0tbvqufhk4b6</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Livorno</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6280</id>
    <revision>
      <id>305139</id>
      <parentid>148702</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-05T11:40:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Filipinayzd</username>
        <id>7</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>nagdugang nin ladawan</comment>
      <origin>305139</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="326" sha1="jhganf3s6lnpxscjsbbudekq7mndd7v" xml:space="preserve">[[Ladawan:Livorno_dall'aereo_1.JPG | thumb | too | Livorno dall’aereo]]An '''{{PAGENAME}}''' sarong ciudad sa [[Italya]]. Ini an kapitolyo kan [[Provincia nin Livorno]] sa [[rehiyon kan Italya|rehiyon]] [[Tuscany]].

{{stub}}
{{Provincia nin Livorno}}
[[Kategorya:Livorno| ]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ciudad asin banwaan sa Tuscany]]</text>
      <sha1>jhganf3s6lnpxscjsbbudekq7mndd7v</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Santa Croce sull'Arno</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6459</id>
    <revision>
      <id>305140</id>
      <parentid>143124</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-05T11:42:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Filipinayzd</username>
        <id>7</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added image and caption</comment>
      <origin>305140</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="252" sha1="c1j1p0jb4csmal2c1su2s84tdkcsg5r" xml:space="preserve">[[Ladawan:SantaCroceSullArno3.jpg | thumb | too | Santa Croce sull’Arno]]An '''{{PAGENAME}}''' sarong [[komyun]] asin [[banwaan]] sa [[Provincia nin Pisa]] sa [[rehiyon kan Italya|rehiyon]] [[Tuscany]] kan [[Italya]].

{{stub}}
{{Provincia nin Pisa}}</text>
      <sha1>c1j1p0jb4csmal2c1su2s84tdkcsg5r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Eddie Garcia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>7353</id>
    <revision>
      <id>305124</id>
      <parentid>264811</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-04T22:53:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Poropot777</username>
        <id>30297</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>305124</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17745" sha1="1ovoiv6tcvd4ad6pyi2k58japfqf4l9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name         = Eddie García
| image        = Eddie Garcia, 2019.png
| caption      = Garcia kan 2019
| birth_name   = Eduardo Verchez García
| birth_date   = {{Birth date|1929|5|2}} 
| birth_place  = [[Juban, Sorsogon]], [[Insular Government of the Philippine Islands|Philippine Islands]]
| death_date   =  Hunyo 20, 2019
| death_place  = [[Makati]], [[Filipinas]]
| nationality  = Filipino
| years_active = 1949–2019
| partners     = Lilibeth Romero (1986–2019)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Doctor shares reaction of partner to Eddie Garcia’s death
|url=https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2019/06/21/1928371/doctor-shares-reaction-partner-eddie-garcias-death |accessdate=June 21, 2019 |work=[[The Philippine Star]] |quote=Dr. Tony Rebosa told ABS-CBN in an interview that Garcia’s partner of 33 years, Lilibeth Romero, was “quite composed” when the actor was declared dead.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| occupation   = Aktor, personalidad sa telebisyon, direktor sa pelikula, prodyuser
| other names  = Manoy
| children     = 3 
}}

[[File:Garcia eddie.jpg|right|thumb|260px|Kan hubin pa siyang marhay]]
Si '''Eduardo &quot;Eddie&quot; Verchez García''' (Sorsogon, [[Mayo 2]], [[1929]] - [[Hunyo 20]], [[2019]]) sarô sa mga pangenot na mga [[Filipino]]ng aktor siring man direktor sa pelikula.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=519598&amp;publicationSubCategoryId=70 Pinoy movies, musical/sports shows on IBC 13] Philippine Star (Pighúgot 2009-11-05)&lt;/ref&gt; Siyá bantóg sa gaháng Manóy. Enot siyang nagluwas kan mga enot na dekada kan 1950.&lt;ref&gt;Biograpiya ni [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0305182/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm Eddie Garcia] www.imdb.com. Kinua 2019-06-11-19&lt;/ref&gt;

Nagguno siya sa FAMAS nin 34 nominasyon (13 bilang pinakamahusay na panduwang aktor, 10 bilang pinakamahusay na aktor asin 11 komo pinakamahusay na direktor asin 16 na papremyo bilang pinakamahusay na panduwang aktor, 5 bilang pinakamahusay na direktor asin 5 komo pinakamahusay na aktor). FAMAS Hall of Famer siya sa mga minasunod na kategorya: Pinakamahusay na aktor, Pinakamahusay na Pangduwang Aktor asin Pinakamahusay na Direktor. Laen pa kaini, nasikwit niya an onrang Lifetime Achievement Award asin Fernando Poe, Jr. Memorial Award kan FAMAS. 

==Pagkamundag/Pamilya==

Si Eduardo Verchez Garcia namundag kan Mayo 2, 1929 sa [[Juban, Sorsogon]]. An saiyang mga magurang iyo sinda Antonio Garcia asin Vicenta Verchez.&lt;ref name=&quot;ABS&quot;&gt;[https://news.abs-cbn.com/entertainment/06/20/19/eddie-garcia-passes-away-at-90 Eddie Garcia passes away at 90] news.abs.cbn.com. Kinua 2019-06-20&lt;/ref&gt;

Siya nagkaagom na nagadan kan 1995 sa kanser asin sinda may tolong aki, duwang lalaki asin sarong babae. An aking babae niya nagadan atake sa puso kan 1996, asin an lalaking aki niya na si Eddie Boy, na nagluwas naman nin pirang beses sa pelikula, nagadan sa aksidente sa motorsiklo. An buhay pang aki niya iyo si Erwin, edad 64 ngonyan. Siya may karelasyon nin sobra 30ng taon na, si Lilibeth Lagman Romero.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2019/06/21/1928371/doctor-shares-reaction-partner-eddie-garcias-death Doctor shares reaction of partner to Eddie Garcia’s death] www.philstar.com. Kinua 2019-06-22&lt;/ref&gt; Si Garcia may pitong makuapo. &lt;ref name=&quot;ABS&quot; /&gt;

==Enot na karera==

Si Garcia nagin sarong military policeman sa Okinawa, Hapon pakatapos kan  [[Ikaduwang Gerang Pankinaban]] asin kaapil sa mga tropa kan Philippine Scouts kan US Army nin tolong taon. Alagad, si Presidente [[Elpidio Quirino]] tinunaw na an grupong idto kan taon 1949. An ambisyon magin sarong soldados, mabali pa kuta siya sa US Army alagad naalok siyang mag-audition sa pelikulang ginigibo ni [[Manuel Conde]], an &quot;Siete Infantes de Lara&quot;. Saro siya sa napili, asin poon kaidto sayod na siyang nabuntog sa industriya nin pelikula. An  karera  ni Eddie Garcia nag-ayaw nin 7 dekada, sobra sa 600 an pinapelan niyang mga pelikula sa sine asin telebisyon. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/breaking-eddie-garcia-dead-veteran-16546995 Eddie Garcia dead: Veteran actor and film director dies at 90 after fall left him in coma] www.mirror.co.uk. Kinua 2019-06-20&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/what-ive-learned/eddie-garcia-what-ive-learned-a1513-20181015-lfrm?utm_source=Facebook-Esquire&amp;utm_medium=Ownshare&amp;utm_campaign=20181015-fbnp-what-ive-learned-eddie-garcia-what-ive-learned-a1513-20181015-lfrm-fbfirst&amp;fbclid=IwAR2BSmPfK7MiKCKYxjZXP3bi7ego4td4v3rml_U3cyc3Y3ZG8rpTxjZaL3E &quot;I’m not a dreamer. I’m a realist.&quot;—Eddie Garcia] www.esquiremag.ph. Kinua 2019-06-23&lt;/ref&gt;

==Personal na buhay==

Si Eddie Garcia namimidbid na gayo bilang sarong seryosong aktor na dai lamang mahuri sa mga shooting, kumbaga punctual siya sa oras na urulay. Bisto siya sa saiyang propesyonalismo asin sa disiplina sa saiyang trabaho, mahuyo an boot ta daing tanto saiya an mga billing basta daa yaon an pangaran niya nasambitan, asin bakong mapili sa papel na binibidahan niya. An mga papel niya totoo parati siya an kontra-bida: bilang paralupig, para'bon, paragadan, switik, kriminal. Sa mga papel niya nagin na siyang bakla, soldados, negosyante, komedyante asin kun ano-ano pa na igdi naririraw an saiyang pagka-versatile komo sarong aktor. Inaako niya totoo na pito sa sampolong pelikula niya pinapelan niya mga pasakatan lang kwarta, hanap-buhay lang, o inapod niyang &quot;bread-trip&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;ABS&quot; /&gt;

Sinasabi niyang mayo an &quot;pagreretiro&quot; sa  bokabularyo niya, maski sa mga huring aldaw siya nagguguno' pa nin mga gawad sa saiyang karera mala nasikwit niya an &quot;Pinakamahusay na Aktor&quot; na gawad sa saiyang pagbida sa pelikulang &quot;ML&quot; sa Cinemalaya Independent Film Festival kan Agosto 2018 sa saiyang pagpapel komo sarong sadistikong parakastigo asin man nasikwit niya an Special Jury Prize sa Manila Film Festival kan Desyembre 2018 huli sa pagpapel bilang baklang gurang sa pelikulang Rainbow's Sunset.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/news/233525-eddie-garcia-dies]www.rappler.com. Kinua 2019-06-20&lt;/ref&gt;

== Filmograpiya ==
=== Bilang saróng aktor ===
==== Serye sa telebisyon ====
*Rosang Agimat (2019) (GMA)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.lionheartv.net/2019/06/gabbi-garcias-supposedly-launching-series-rosang-agimat-is-put-on-hold/ Gabbi Garcia’s supposedly launching series ‘Rosang Agimat’ is put-on-hold?] www.lionheartv.net. Kinua 2019-06-23&lt;/ref&gt;
*FPJ's Ang Probinsyano (2016-2019) bilang Don Emilio Syquía / Gustavo Torralba (ABS-CBN)
*Little Nanay (2015-2016) bilang Don Miguel &quot;Migz / G Pop&quot; Vallejo (GMA) 
*The Half Sisters (2015) bilang Eduardo Guevarra-McBride (GMA)
*Nathaniel (2015) bilang Moises Macaraig (ABS-CBN)
*Wansapanataym Presents: Yamashita's Treasures (2015) bilang Haring Dimetrius (ABS-CBN)
*Give Love On Christmas: The Gift Giver (2014)  bilang Ernest Aguinaldo (bida) (ABS-CBN)
*Sana Bukas Pa Ang Kahapon (2014) bilang Magno Ruiz (ABS-CBN)
*Honesto (2013) bilang Lemuel Galang (ABS-CBN)
*Little Champ (2013) bilang Champion (ABS-CBN)
*Juan dela Cruz (2013) bilang Julian &quot;Lolo Juls&quot; Dela Cruz (ABS-CBN)
*Aso ni San Roque (2012) bilang Supremo / Police Director Danilo P. Aragon (GMA) 
*Third Eye  (2012) bilang Lolo Gimo (TV5)
*Legacy (2012) bilang Don Romualdo Alcantara (GMA)
*Iglot (2011)  bilang Celso Samar (GMA)
*Rod Santiago's The Sisters (2011) bilang Mayor Enrique Zialcita (TV5)
*Babaeng Hampaslupa (2011) bilang Edward Wong (TV5)
*Jillian: Namamasko Po (2010)  bilang Zaldy (GMA)
*Koreana (2010) bilang Chang Hee Jung (GMA)
*Pilyang Kerubin (2010) bilang Mang Potpot (Angel of Death) (GMA)
*Pangarap Kong Jackpot (2009) bilang Lolo Hugo 	(NBN)
*[[Darna (2009 serye sa TV)|Darna]] (2009) bilang Father Mateo&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/insideEntertainment.htm?f=2009/november/4/entertainment1.isx&amp;d=/2009/november/4 Darna still top primetime show among Metro Manilans]{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Manila Standard Today (Pighúgot 2009-11-05)&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Totoy Bato]] (2009) bilang Coach Fredo
*[[LaLola (Filipinong serye sa TV)|LaLola]] (2008-2009) bilang Don Aguirre Lobregat (GMA)
*Maalaala Mo Kaya: Sing-sing II (2009) bilang Panyong (ABS-CBN)
*[[Joaquin Bordado]] (2008) bilang General Russo (GMA)
*[[Obra: For Love or Money (serye sa TV)]] (2008) (GMA)
*[[Asian Treasures]] (2007) bilang Professor Wakan U. Matadtu / Supremo / Datu Makatunaw (GMA)
*Mga Kwento Ni Lola Basyang: Ang Binibining Tumalo Sa Hari (2007) bilang Haring Abdul (GMA)
*[[Majika]] (2006) bilang Markadan (GMA)
*[[Darna]] (2005) bilang Mambabarang (GMA)
*[[Marinara]] (2004) bilang Haring Karfa (GMA)
*Narito Ang Puso Ko (2003) bilang Felipe Victores (GMA)
*Kung Mawawala Ka (2002-2003) bilang President Leandro Montemayor (GMA)
*Manoy &amp; Mokong (1998)
*GMA Mini Series (1995)
*GMA Telecine Specials (1993)
*Lovingly Yours (1987)

==== Mga pelikula====
*Fuschia
*[[Urduja (pelikula)|Urduja]] (2008)
*Ate (2008)
*[[Till I Met You]] (2006)
*I Wanna Be Happy (2006)
*Gakseoltang (2006)
*[[Blue Moon (2006 pelikula)|Blue Moon]] (2006)
*Reyna: ang makulay na pakikipagsapalaran ng mga achucherva, achuchuva, achechenes (2006)
*Gakseoltang (2006)
*Tulay (2006)
*Wrinkles (2006)
*Terrorist Hunter (2005)
*Batuta ni Dracula (2005)
*Lisensyadong kamao (2005)
*Pinoy/Blonde (2005)
*Birhen ng Manaoag (2005)
*ICU Bed #7 (2005)
*Mano po III: My love (2004)
*Sa totoo lang! (2004)
*Chavit (2003)
*Asboobs: Asal bobo (2003)
*Masamang ugat (2003)
*Alab ng lahi (2003)
*Operation Balikatan (2003)
*Tomagan (2003)
*When Eagles Strike (2003)
*Mano po (2002)
*Bahid (2002)
*D' uragons never umuurong always sumusulong (2002)
*Bro... Kahit saan engkwentro (2002)
*Kapitan Ambo: Outside de kulambo (2001)
*Sanggano't sanggago (2001)
*Syota ng bayan (2001)
*[[Deathrow(film)|Deathrow]] (2000)
*Anino (2000)
*[[The Debut]] (2000) ...
*Matalino man ang matsing na-iisahan din! (2000)
*Asin at paminta (1999)
*Tigasin (1999)
*Sambahin ang ngalan mo (1998)
*The Mariano Mison Story (1997) ..
*Nagmumurang kamatis (1997)
*Mauna ka susunod ako (1997)
*Padre Kalibre (1997)
*Papunta ka pa lang, pabalik na ako (1996)
*Emong Salvacion (1996)
*Wanted Dead or Alive: Arrest the King of Carnappers (1996)
*Duwelo (1996) (Regal Films)
*Bakit May Kahapon Pa? (1996)
*Moises Arcanghel: Sa guhit ng bala (1996)
*Melencio Magat: Dugo laban dugo (1995)
*Hukom bitay (1995)
*Alfredo Lim: Batas ng Maynila (1995)
*Salamat Sa Lotto (1995)
*Ultimatum (1994)
*Mayor Cesar Climaco (1994)
*Marami ka pang kakaining bigas (1994)
*Galvez: Hanggang sa dulo ng mundo hahanapin kita (1993)
*MAESTRO TORIBIO: Sentensyador (1993)
*Tatak ng Kriminal (1993)
*Doring Borobo (1993)
*Andres Manambit (1993) (Viva Films)
*Enteng Manok: Tari ng Quiapo (1992)
*Cordora: Lulutang Ka Sa Sarili Mong Dugo (1992)
*Baril Ko Ang Uusig! (1992)
*Mayor latigo (1991)
*My Other Woman (1991)
*Magdaleno Orbos: Sa Kuko ng Mga Lawin (1991) (Harvest Films International)
*Alyas Ninong (1991) (Octoarts Films)
*Hinukay ko na ang libingan mo (1991)
*HEPE: Isasabay Kita! (1991)
*Boyong Manalac: Hoodlum Terminator (1991)
*Higit na matimbang ang dugo (1990)
*Bakit kay tagal ng sandali? (1990)
*Sgt.Patalinghug (1990)
*Tangga and Chos: Beauty Secret Agents (1990)
*Naughty Boys (1990)
*Hindi ka na sisikatan ng araw (Kapag puno na ang salop part III) (1990)
*Ikasa mo, ipuputok ko (1990)
*Gumapang ka sa lusak (1990)
*Bala at Rosario (1990)
*Patigasan... ang laban (1990)
*Kung tapos na ang kailanman (1990)
*Trese (1990)
*Hukom 45 (1990)
*Ako ang Batas:General Tomas Karingal (1990)
*Galit sa mundo (1989)
*Handa na ang hukay mo, Calida (1989)
*Kung maibabalik ko lang (1989)
*Ako ang huhusga (Kapag puno na ang salop part II) (1989)
*Ang Pumatay ng dahil sa iyo (1989)
*Tatak ng isang api (1989)
*Kailan mahuhugasan ang kasalanan (1989)
*Bakit iisa lamang ang puso (1989)
*One two bato three four bapor (1989)
*My Pretty Baby (1989)
*Tupang itim (1989)
*Chinatown: Sa kuko ng dragon (1988)
*Sandakot na bala (1988)
*Sgt. Ernesto Boy Ibanez: Tirtir Gang (1988)
*Enteng, the Dragon (1988)
*Puso sa puso (1988)
*Afuang, Bounty Hunter (1988)
*Nasaan ka inay (1988)
*Ibulong mo sa Diyos (1988)
*Lord, bakit ako pa? (1988)
*Baleleng at ang ginto sirena (1988)
*Nakausap Ko Ang Birhen (1988)
*Kapag puno na ang salop (1987)
*Ayokong tumungtong sa lupa (1987)
*Pinulot ka lang sa lupa (1987)
*Tenyente Ilalaban Kita Sa Batas (1987)
*Lumuhod ka sa lupa! (1986)
*Payaso (1986)
*Muslim Magnum .357 (1986)
*Gabi na, kumander (1986)
*Yesterday, Today &amp; Tomorrow (1986)
*Turuang apoy (1985)
*Order to Kill (1985)
*Manoy, Hindi ka na makakaisa (1985)
*Miguelito, ang batang rebelde (1985)
*Public Enemy #2 (1985)
*Ben Tumbling (1985)
*Erpat kong forgets (1985)
*Kapag baboy ang inutang (1985)
*Life Begins at 40 (1985)
*Pati ba pintig ng puso (1985)
*Alyas: Boy Life (1985)
*Tinik sa dibdib (1985)
*Mahilig (1984)
*Matukso kaya ang angel (1984)
*May daga sa labas ng lungga (1984)
*Kriminal (1984)
*Bigats (1984)
*Daang hari (1984)
*Malisya (1984)
*May lamok sa loob ng kulambo (1984)
*Sigaw ng katarungan (1984)
*Kung mahawi man ang ulap (1984)
*Minsan pa nating hagkan ang nakaraan (1984)
*Kunin mo ang ulo ni Magtanggol (1983)
*Palabra de honor (1983)
*A Time for Dying (1983)
*Paro-parung buking (1983)
*Iyo ang batas, akin ang katarungan (1983)
*Get My Son Dead or Alive (1982)
*P.S. I Love You (1981)
*Ulo ng gapo (1981)
*Cover Girls (1981)
*Alfredo Sebastian (1981)
*Dear Heart (1981)
*[[Ang Babaeng Hinugot Sa Aking Tadyang]] (1981)
*Uhaw na dagat (1981)
*Anak sa una, kasal sa ina (1981)
*Aguila (1980)
*Tanikala (1980)
*Si Malakas, si Maganda, at si mahinhin (1980)
*Totoy boogie (1980)
*Palaban (1980)
*Gobernador (1980)
*Ang Alamat ni Julian Makabayan (1979)
*Anak ng Maton (1979)
*Aliw-iw (1979)
*Sino si Boy Urbina (1979)
*Maynila, 1970 (1979)
*Sa ngalan ng anak (1978)
*Walang katapusang tag-araw (1977)
*Maligno (1977)
*Masikip, maluwang... paraisong parisukat (1977)
*Sudden Death (1977)
*Ganito kami noon, paano kayo ngayon (1976)
*Savage Sisters (1974)
*Tinimbang ka ngunit kulang (1974)
*Black Mamba (1974)
*[[Bamboo Gods and Iron Men]] (1974)
*The Woman Hunt (1973)
*[[Beyond Atlantis]] (1973)
*Dragnet (1973)
*Karateka Boxer (1973)
*[[The Twilight People]] (1973)
*Super Gee (1973)
*Nueva Viscaya (1973)
*Ang Mahiwagang daigdig ni Pedro Penduko (1973)
*Nueva Ecija (1973)
*[[Black Mama, White Mama]] (1972)
*Vibora, El (1972)
*Beast of Blood (1971)
*Pagdating sa dulo (1971)
*Karugtong ng kahapon (1971)
*Tubog sa ginto (1971)
*Stardoom (1971)
*Daluyong! (1971)
*The Beast of the Yellow Night (1971)
*Maruja (1969)
*Patria adorada (1969)
*Infiltrators (1969)
*The Crimebuster (1968)
*Kailanma'y di ka mag-iisa (1968)
*Dambana ng kagitingan (1968)
*De colores (1968)
*Diegong Daga (1968)
*Abdul Tapang (1968)
*The Blackbelter (1968)
*Deadly Jacks (1968)
*Killer Patrol (1968)
*Triple (1968)
*Baril at rosario (1968)
*Leon Guerrero laban sa 7 kilabot (1968)
*Igorota (1968)
*Kaibigan kong Sto. Niño (1967)
*Deadly Seven (1967)
*Ito ang Pilipino (1966)
*Ibulong mo sa hangin (1966)
*Kumander Judo (1964)
*Haliging bato (1963)
*Balisong 29 (1963)
*Apat ang anak ni David (1963)
*Kaming mga talyada (1962)
*Diegong Tabak (1962)
*Halik sa lupa (1961)
*Ito ba ang aking ina (1961)
*Dalawang kalbaryo ni Dr. Mendez (1961)
*Lupa sa lupa (1960)
*Gumuhong bantayog (1960)
*Tatlong Magdalena (1960)
*Amy, Susie, Tessie (1960)
*Kaming makasalanan (1960)
*Tanikalang apoy (1959)
*Kamandag (1959)
*Handsome (1959)
*Condenado (1958)
*Ulilang angel (1958)
*Silveria (1958)
*Anino ni Bathala (1958)
*Taga sa bato (1957)
*Busabos (1957)
*Sino ang maysala (1957)
*Gabi at araw (1957)
*Mga Ligaw na bulaklak (1957)
*Dino Barbaro (1956)
*Gilda (1956)
*Contravida (1955)
*Tatay na si Bondying (1955)
*Waldas (1955)
*Iyong-iyo (1955)
*Kurdapya (1955)
*Despatsadora (1955)
*Anak ng espada (1954)
*Menor de edad (1954)
*Aristokrata (1954)
*Sa isang sulyap mo Tita (1953)
*Diwani (1953)
*Reyna bandida (1953)
*El Indio (1953)
*Recuerdo (1953)
*Huling patak ng dugo (1950)
*Kilabot sa Makiling (1950)
*Siete infantes de lara (1950)
*Kahit ang mundo'y magunaw (1949)

=== Bilang direktor ===
*Crisis (2005)
*Abakada ina (2001)
*Hinukay ko na ang libingan mo (1991)
*Imortal (1989)
*Kung kasalanan man (1989)
*Kung aagawin mo ang lahat sa akin (1987)
*Saan nagtatago ang pag-ibig (1987)
*Huwag mong itanong kung bakit? (1986)
*Magdusa ka (1986)
*Palimos ng pag-ibig (1985)
*Kailan sasabihing mahal kita (1985)
*Friends in Love (1983)
*Forgive and Forget (1982)
*Cross My Heart (1982)
*Sinasamba kita (1982)
*P.S. I Love You (1981)
*Atsay (1978)
*Pinagbuklod ng langit (1969)
*Blackmail (1966)
*Deadline Agosto 13 (1966)
*Sabotage (1966)
*G-2: Taga-usig ng kaaway (1965)
*Kalaban ng sindikato (1965)
*Historia de un amor (1963)
*Karugtong ng Kahapon (1961)

==Pagkagadan==

Si Eddie Garcia nagadan huli sa paggatak kan tulang sa liog (neck fracture) na nakomplikar pa kan inapod na 'severe cervical fracture' kan siya nasungkog asin natumba sa set sa pagpepelikula. Dai na nakabalik sa normal, siya nagin comatose hanggan nautsan-buhay na. Nagadan siya sa edad na 90. Naaksidente siya momentong nagsu-shooting kan teleserye nin GMA, an Rosang Agimat. &lt;ref&gt;[https://news.abs-cbn.com/entertainment/06/20/19/eddie-garcia-passes-away-at-90]news.abs.cbn.com. Kinua 2019-06-20&lt;/ref&gt;

==Mga panluwas na takod==

* [https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1810906 Pineda: Eddie Garcia: A Legendary Actor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622223942/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1810906 |date=2019-06-22 }} Interbyu saiya. Sunstar.com.ph Kinua 2019-06-23.

==Toltolan==
{{reflist|2}}

{{saringsing}}

[[Kategorya:Mga Bikolano|Garcia, Eddie]]
[[Kategorya: Mga artista gikan sa Filipinas]]
[[Kategorya:Mga aktor gikan sa Filipinas]]
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    <title>Oras digdi sa Filipinas</title>
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      <text bytes="352" sha1="07zxaxocg7h6pyz7d1vg9g7q7ryojoe" xml:space="preserve">[[Ladawan:'_THE_ICON_OF_MANILA_'_-_City_Hall_Tower_of_Manila.jpg | thumb | too | Torre kan Manila]]An '''Pampantayan na Oras nin Filipinas''' (Ingles: Philippine Standard Time, PST), siring man Oras nin Filipinas, iyo an opisyal na ngaran para sa oras sa [[Filipinas]]. Naggagamit sana nin sarong zona nin oras an nasyon, an zonang UTC+08:00.

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[[File:Gestapomen following the white buses.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Mga myembro kan Gestapo nakasibilyan durante kan White Buses Operations kan 1945]] 

Gappo '''Gappo''' Gappo Gappo: [Gappo, ɡəˈʃtaːpo], Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo, o an Gappo Gappo Gappo kan Gappo Gappo an Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Nazi Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo.

An pwersang ini pigmukna ni [[Hermann Göring]] kan 1933 paagi nin pagsararo niya kan mga ahensya seguridad kan Prussia sa sarong organisasyon sana. Pagpoon Abril 20, 1934, ini ipinasa sa pag'administrar kan [[Schutzstaffel]] (SS) na pinamamayohan ni [[Heinrich Himmler]] na kan 1936 pignombrahan ni [[Hitler]] komo Pamayo kan Pulis Aleman (Chef der Deutschen Polizei), asin ta ining Gestapo sa panahon na ini nagigin nang nasyonal imbes na ahensya estado sana kan Prussia sa lindong kan Sicherheitspolizei (SiPo) (&quot;Pulis Seguridad&quot;). Dangan kan 27 Septyembre 1939 pahanggan, pinag'administrar na kan Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA) (&quot;Reich Main Security Office&quot;) asin konsideradong katuwang na organisasyon kan SS Sicherheitsdienst (SD) (&quot;Security Service&quot;).


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[[File:Gestapomen following the white buses.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Mga myembro kan Gestapo nakasibilyan durante kan White Buses Operations kan 1945]] 

Gappo '''Gappo''' Gappo Gappo: [Gappo, ɡəˈʃtaːpo], Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo, o an Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo an Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Nazi Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo Gappo.

An pwersang ini pigmukna ni [[Hermann Göring]] kan 1933 paagi nin pagsararo niya kan mga ahensya seguridad kan Prussia sa sarong organisasyon sana. Pagpoon Abril 20, 1934, ini ipinasa sa pag'administrar kan [[Schutzstaffel]] (SS) na pinamamayohan ni [[Heinrich Himmler]] na kan 1936 pignombrahan ni [[Hitler]] komo Pamayo kan Pulis Aleman (Chef der Deutschen Polizei), asin ta ining Gestapo sa panahon na ini nagigin nang nasyonal imbes na ahensya estado sana kan Prussia sa lindong kan Sicherheitspolizei (SiPo) (&quot;Pulis Seguridad&quot;). Dangan kan 27 Septyembre 1939 pahanggan, pinag'administrar na kan Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA) (&quot;Reich Main Security Office&quot;) asin konsideradong katuwang na organisasyon kan SS Sicherheitsdienst (SD) (&quot;Security Service&quot;).


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    <title>Toña la Negra</title>
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      <text bytes="8868" sha1="1rbst0x4dy8f0hw6d28qcw9vuiyd1km" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name            = Toña la Negra
| background      = solo_singer
| image           = 
| image_size      = 250px
| landscape       = &lt;!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank --&gt;
| alt             = 
| caption         = Toña la Negra sa ''[[María Eugenia]]'' (1943).
| birth_name      = Antonia del Carmen Peregrino Álvarez
| birth_date      = {{birth date|1912|11|2|df=yes}}
| birth_place     = [[Veracruz, Veracruz|Veracruz]], [[Veracruz]], [[Mexico]]
| death_date      = {{death date and age|1982|11|19|1912|11|2|df=yes}}
| death_place     = [[Siyudad nin Mehiko]], Mehiko                                                                                                  | death_cause     = [[atake sa puso]] and [[Lynphoma]] 
| genre           = {{flatlist|
* [[Bolero]]
* [[canción]]}}
| occupation      = {{flatlist|
* Singer
* actress}}
| years_active    = 1932–1982
| label           = {{flatlist|
* [[RCA Victor]]
* [[Peerless Records|Peerless]]
* [[Orfeón]]}}
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
* [[Agustín Lara]]
* [[Ana María Fernández]] 
* [[Pedro Vargas]]
* [[Sonora Matancera]]}}
| website         = &lt;!-- {{URL|example.com}} --&gt;
}}

[[Ladawan:Foto_de_Toña_la_Negra_en_el_Directorio_Artístico_Mexicano,_1954.jpg | thumb | too | Si Toña la Negra, 1954]]
Si '''Antonia del Carmen Peregrino Álvarez'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Birth record of Antonia del Carmen Peregrino Álvarez&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Birth record of Antonia del Carmen Peregrino Álvarez|url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GTF4-9SQC?i=77&amp;wc=MDNB-NZS%3A217351001%2C217563701&amp;cc=1922413|website=[[FamilySearch]]|accessdate=23 June 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mexico, Distrito Federal, Civil Registration&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Antonia del Carmen Peregrino Álvarez - Mexico, Distrito Federal, Civil Registration|url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GRL5-P4Y?cc=1923424|website=[[FamilySearch]]|accessdate=23 June 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; (2 November 1912&lt;ref name=&quot;Birth record of Antonia del Carmen Peregrino Álvarez&quot; /&gt; – 19 November 1982), bisto sa bansag niya sa entablado na '''Toña la Negra''' (Toña, an Maitom na Babae), sarong [[Mexican people|Mehikano]]ng parakanta asin aktres na may dikit na dugong [[Afro-Mexicans|Aprikano]], bantog sa saiyang interpretasyon kan [[bolero]] asin ''[[canción|mga kansyon]]'' tinokda' ni [[Agustín Lara]].

==Buhay asin karera==
Si Toña la Negra namundag Antonia del Carmen Peregrino Álvarez kan 2 Nobyembre 1912 sa La Huaca, kadulon kan [[Veracruz (city)|Veracruz]], [[Veracruz]]. An saiyang ama, Timoteo Peregrino Reyes (namundag, c. 1857), naggigitara{{sfn|Figueroa Hernández|2012|p=16}} asin kagmuknang kaapil nin sarong kaayonan nin mga trabahador sa pantalan.{{sfn|Figueroa Hernández|2012|p=11}} An ina niya, si Daría Álvarez Campos (namundag, c. 1867), nagkakanta sa mga tiripon nin pamilya.{{sfn|Figueroa Hernández|2012|p=16}} Si Toña igwang apat na tugang asin tolo man na tugang sa ama.{{sfn|Figueroa Hernández|2012|p=15}}

An lolo niya sa ama, si Severo Peregrino, gikan sa [[Port-au-Prince]], [[Haiti]] asin nag'imigrar sa [[Mehiko]] kan Ika-19ng siglo.{{sfn|Figueroa Hernández|2012|p=11}}

Si Toña nagpoon kan saiyang karera kan mga 1920 na nagkakantang [[tango]] komo pangenot na parakanta kan Trío Peregrino-Uzcanga. Kan 1932, siya nagbyahe paairing Siyudad nin Mehiko asin duman nanumpongan niya si [[Agustín Lara]], sarong parasurat-kanta asin kompositor.  Enot siyang nabantog kan saiyang interpretasyon kan tokda'  ni Larang &quot;Enamorada&quot;, asin kan &quot;Lamento jarocho&quot;, na sinurat para sa saiya sanang kantahon. Dangan saiyang napabantog an &quot;Noche criolla&quot;, &quot;Veracruz&quot;, asin iba pang mga komposisyon ni Lara na kasarambit an saiyang estado. Enot niyang pigrekord ining mga kanta asin dakul pang iba sa [[Peerless Records]] kan mga taon 1940.

Nagpoon siyang magrekord sa irarom kan marka kan [[RCA Victor]] kan mga 1940. Kan Pebrero 1953 an saiyang single na &quot;Como golondrinas&quot; nagtaroron sa numero 2 sa  ''[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cashbox magasin]]''' na iyo an Top Ten Tunes chart kan Mehiko.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Mexico's Top Ten Tunes|journal=[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cashbox]]|date=7 February 1953|page=18|url=http://www.americanradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Music/Archive-Cash-Box-IDX/50s/1953/CB-1953-02-07-OCR-Page-0020.pdf#search=|accessdate=21 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sige siyang magrekord nin dakul na mga single na putok na putok asin magkapirang studio album, siring kan ''Caleidoscopio musical con Toña la Negra'' (1958), ''Noche criolla, vol. II'' (1961), asin ''La sensación jarocha, vol. III'' (1964).

Sa katangaan kan 1960, nagpirma siya sa label kan [[Orfeón]] asin nagrekord pa nin magkapirang album. Duwang kanta saiyang pigparekord sa [[Sonora Matancera]] kan 1974.

==Personal na buhay==
Si Toña la Negra duwang beses nag'agom. Enot niyang agom, si Guillermo Cházaro Ahumada, sarong musikero. Igwa sindang tolong aki, Ramón (nmdg.. 1932), Guillermo (nmdg. 1933), asin si Ernesto (1935–1979), dangan nagsuway sinda kan 1945. An ikaduwa niyang agom sarong Mehikano, Victor &quot;Vitillo&quot; Ruiz Pazos, sarong [[jazz]] pioneer asin bass player. Magkaagoman sinda poon 1955 sundo 1963.

==Kagadanan asin pamana==
Kan Myerkoles,  17 Nobyembre 1982, siya ilinaog sa ospital sa Mexico City huli sa problemang cardiovascular. Sunod na aldaw Biyernes, 19 Nobyembre,&lt;ref name=&quot;Mexico, Distrito Federal, Civil Registration&quot; /&gt; sa edad na 70, si Toña la Negra inatake sa puso asin nagadan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Top Mexican Singer Dies |newspaper=The Victoria Advocate |date=November 20, 1982 |page=12A |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=861&amp;dat=19821120&amp;id=gMAcAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=5VcEAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=1219,5253680}}&lt;/ref&gt; Siya idinapit asin ilinubong sa parte kan para sa mga aktor na lugar kan Panteón Jardín sa Siyudad nin Mehiko.&lt;ref name=&quot;Murió Toña la Negra intérprete de A. Lara&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Murió Toña la Negra intérprete de A. Lara|work=[[El Informador (Mexico)|El Informador]]|date=20 November 1982|page=12-C}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An munisipyo kan Veracruz nagpatindog nin estatuwa para ki Toña la Negra pakagadan kaini. An tinampo kun saen siya namundag sa lumang barrio nin La Huaca dara an saiyang pangaran.

Kan 1993, si direktor sa pelikula na Aleman na si Christian Baudissin naggibo nin dokumentaryong pangtelebisyon manongod ki Toña la Negra na yaon diyan an mga interbyu niya sa dating agom na si musikerong Víctor Ruiz Pazos, asin ibang mga artista na nakakabisto saiya.

Si Rafael Figueroa Hernández, sarong parasaligsig asin propesor sa [[Universidad Veracruzana]],nagsurat kan pinakaenot, sangkap asin hararom na biograpiya ni Toña la Negra.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rafael Figueroa presentó biografía de Toña La Negra&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Cortés Pérez|first1=Paola|title=Rafael Figueroa presentó biografía de Toña La Negra|url=https://www.uv.mx/noticias/2013/05/03/rafael-figueroa-presento-biografia-de-tona-la-negra/|website=[[Universidad Veracruzana]]|date=3 May 2013|accessdate=1 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Diskograpiya==
===Mga studio album===
* ''Caleidoscopio musical con Toña la Negra''
* ''Noche criolla, vol. II''
* ''La sensación jarocha, vol. III''
* ''Toña la Negra interpreta a Agustín Lara, vol. I''
* ''Toña la Negra interpreta a Rafael Hernández y Pedro Flores''
* ''Toña la Negra interpreta a Agustín Lara, vol. II''
* ''Íntimas''

===Mga album na kadamotan===
* ''Lo mejor de Toña la Negra''
* ''Inmortales de Toña la Negra''
* ''Las estrellas de La Hora Azul''
* ''Lo mejor de lo mejor: Toña la Negra, 40 temas originales''
* ''RCA 100 años de música''

==Piling filmograpiya==
* ''[[Heads or Tails (1937 film)|Heads or Tails]]'' (1937)
* ''[[María Eugenia]]'' (1943)
* ''[[Red Konga]]'' (1943)
* ''[[Revenge (1948 film)|Revenge]]'' (1948)
* ''[[Love for Sale (1951 film)|Love for Sale]]'' (1951)
* ''[[A Galician Dances the Mambo]]'' (1951)

==Toltolan==
{{Reflist}}

;Bibliograpiya
* {{cite book |last=Figueroa Hernández |first=Rafael |title=Toña la Negra |publisher=Como Suena |location= |year=2012 |isbn=1480058106 |ref=harv }}

==Panluwas na takod==
*{{IMDb name|0478763}}
* [https://www.allmusic.com/artist/to%C3%B1a-la-negra-mn0000618935 Toña la Negra] at [[AllMusic]]
* [https://archive.org/search.php?query=Tona%20la%20Negra Toña la Negra] in performance on Archive.org


== Toltolan ==
{{reflist}}

{{stub}}


[[Kategorya:1912 nagkamurundag]]
[[Kategorya:1982 nagkagaradan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Mehikanong babaeng parakanta]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Mehikanong aktres sa pelikula]]
[[Kategorya:Mga parakantang taga-Veracruz]]
[[Kategorya:Mga aktres na taga-Veracruz]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Mehikanong may dugong Haitian]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ika-20ng siglong mga Mehikanong parakanta]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ika-20ng siglong aktres sa pelikula]]
[[Kategorya:Mga artista kan RCA Victor]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ika-20ng siglong mga parakantang babae]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Siyensya</title>
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      <text bytes="8242" sha1="fhw3glfg9g3d9k51krqap4je3cpcnjs" xml:space="preserve">[[Ladawan:CMB Timeline300 no WMAP.jpg|thumb|285x285px|An [[Uniberso]] (''Universe'') na pigrerepresenta bilang kadakulon na hugis ''disk'' na pigbanga-banga base sa [[oras]], gikan sa wala pasiring sa tuo.]]
An '''siyensya''' (gikan sa [[Tataramon na Espanyol|Kastila]]: ''ciencia'', [[Ingles]]: ''science'', [[Tagalog]]: ''agham)'' iyo an sistematikong proseso sa pagguno nin kaaraman asin an organisadong parte kan kaaraman na naguno sa paaging ini. 

An siyentipikong proseso iyo an sistematikong pagguno nin mga bagong kaaraman manungod sa sarong sistema. Harus, an [[siyentipikong paagi]] (''scientific method'') iyo an sistematikong pagguno, asin an natural sagkod manlainlain na parte kaini an saiyang sistema. An siyensya iyo pigbibisto man na an siyentipikong kaaraman na sistemikong naguno nin mga [[siyentipiko]].

== Uusipon ==
Sa sarong mahiwas na depinisyon, an siyensya iyo lakop na bago pa man an makabagong panahon asin sa kadakulon na historikal na sibilisasyon, pero an makabagong siyensya iyo kasarosaro sana sa saiyang siyentipikong paagi asin nagin matrayumpo sa pagsimbag kun ano an siyensya sa pinakatama na boot-sabihon kan taramong ini.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;The historian ... requires a very broad definition of &quot;science&quot; — one that ... will help us to understand the modern scientific enterprise. We need to be broad and inclusive, rather than narrow and exclusive ... and we should expect that the farther back we go [in time] the broader we will need to be.&quot; — David Pingree (1992), &quot;Hellenophilia versus the History of Science&quot; ''Isis'' '''83''' 554-63, as cited on p.3, David C. Lindberg (2007), ''The beginnings of Western science: the European Scientific tradition in philosophical, religious, and institutional context'',  Second ed. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press {{ISBN|978-0-226-48205-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mga sanga kan siyensya ==
[[Ladawan:The Scientific Universe.png|thumb|285x285px|An sukol kan Uniberso na pigmapa sa mga sanga kan siyensya asin an pagpapahiling kun pano nahaman an sarong sistema sa masunod saiya sa paagi nin hirerkiya kan mga siyensya.]]

=== Pormal na siyensya (''Formal sciences'') ===

* [[Matematika]] (''Mathematics'')
* [[Lohika]] (''Logic'')

=== Natural na siyensya (''Natural sciences'') ===

* [[Pisika]] (''Physics'')
** Akustika/Tanugan (''Acoustics'')
** Astrodinamika (''Astrodynamics'')
** [[Astronomiya]] (''Astronomy'')
** Astropisika (''Astrophysics'')
** Pisikang atomiko, molekular asin optikal (''Atomic, Molecular, and Optical physics'')
** Biyopisika (''Biophysics'')
** Pisika pangkomputasyonal (''Computational physics'')
** Pisika ng kondensadong materya (''Condensed matter physics'')
** Kriyonika (''Cryogenics'')
** Dinamika (''Dynamics'')
** Elektronika (''Electronics'')
** [[Inhenyeriya]] (''Engineering'')
** Fluidong dinamika (''Fluid dynamics'')
** Pisika kan materyales (''Materials physics'')
** Matematikang pisika (''Mathematical physics'')
** Mekanikang kwantum (''Quantum mechanics'')
** Mekanika (''Mechanics'')
** Pisikang nukleyar (''Nuclear physics'')
** [[Optika]] (''Optics'')
** Pisikang partikulo (o High Energy Physics) (''Particle physics'')
** Pisikang plasma (''Plasma physics'')
** Pisikang polimero (''Polymer physics'')
** Dinamika kan sakayan (''Vehicle dynamics'')

* [[Kimika]] (''Chemistry'')
** [[Kimikang analitikal]] (''Analytical chemistry'')
** [[Biyokimika]] (''Biochemistry'')
** Kimikang komputasyonal (''Computational chemistry'')
** [[Elektrokimika]] (''Electrochemistry'')
** [[Inorganikong kimika]] (''Inorganic chemistry'')
** Siyensya kan materyales (''Materials science'')
** [[Organikong kimika]] (''Organic chemistry'')
** [[Kimikang pisikal]] (''Physical chemistry'')
** Kimikang quantum (''Quantum chemistry'')
** Espektroskopiya (''Spectroscopy'')
** Estereokimika (''Stereochemistry'')
** [[Termokimika]] (''Thermochemistry'')

* Siyensyang pankinaban (''Earth Sciences'')
** Heodesiya (''Geodesy'')
** [[Heograpiya]] (''Geography'')
** [[Heolohiya]] (''Geology'')
** [[Meteyorolohiya]] (''Meteorology'')
** Oseyanograpiya (''Oceanography'')
** Limnolohiya (''Limnology'')
** [[Sismolohiya]] (''Seismology'')

* [[Biyolohiya]] (''Biology'')
** Siyensyang agrikultural (''Agricultural science'')
** [[Anatomiya]] (''Anatomy'')
** [[Antropolohiya]]/ Siyensyang-pantawo (''Anthropology'')
** Astrobiyolohiya (''Astrobiology'')
** Biyokimika (''Biochemistry'')
** Biyoimpormatika (''Bioinformatics'')
** Biyopisika (''Biophysics'')
** [[Botanika]] (''Botany'')
** Biolohiya kan selula (''Cell biology'')
** Kladistika (''Cladistics'')
** Cytolohiya (''Cytology'')
** Biolohiya kan pag-uswag (''Developmental biology'')
** Ekolohiya o Adalang pangkapalibotan (''Ecology'')
** Entomolohiya (''Entomology'')
** Epidemiyolohiya (''Epidemiology'')
** Ebolusyon (''Evolution'')
** Biyolohiya kan ebolusyonaryong pag-uswag (''Evolutionary developmental biology'')
** Biyohiya pang-tabang na tubig (''Freshwater Biology'')
** Henetika (Population genetics, Genomics, Proteomics) (''Henetika'')
** Siyensyang pangsalud (''Health Science'')
*** [[Dentistriya]] (''Dentistry'')
*** [[Pagbulong]]/ Medisina (''Medicine'')
*** Parmakolohiya (''Pharmacology'')
*** Toksikolohiya (''Toxicology'')
*** Beterinaryong medisina (''Veterinary medicine'')
** Histolohiya (''Histology'')
** Immunolohiya (''Immunology'')
** Biyolohiyang marino (''Marine biology'')
** [[Mikrobiyolohiya]] (''Microbiology'')
** Biyolohiyang molekular (''Molecular Biology'')
** Morpolohiya (''Morphology'')
** Neurosiyensiya (''Neuroscience'')
** Onkolohiya (the study of cancer) (''Oncology'')
** Ontoheniya (''Ontogeny'')
** Paleontolohiya (''Paleontology'')
** Patolohiya (''Pathology'')
** Pikolohiya (Algology) (''Phycology'')
** Piloheniya (''Phylogeny'')
** Pisiyolohiya (''Physiology'')
** Biyolohiyang istraktural (''Structural biology'')
** [[Taksonomiya]] (''Taxonomy'')
** Toksikolohiya (''Toxicology'')
** Birolohiya (''Virology'')
** [[Solohiya]] (''Zoology'')

=== Siyensyang pansosyedad (''Social sciences'') ===

* Antropolohiya/ [[Siyensyang]]-pantawo (''Anthropology'')
** [[Arkiyolohiya]] (''Archaeology'')
* [[Ekonomika]] (''Economics'')
* [[Lingwistika]] (''Linguistics'')
** [[Etimolohiya]]
* [[Sikolohiya]] (''Psychology'')
** Analisis nin pag-uugali
** Biyosikolohiya
** Kognitibong sikolohiya
** Klinikal na sikolohiya
** Sikolohiya nin pag-uswag
** Sikolohiyang edukasyonal
** Sikolohiyang eksperimental
** Sikolohiyang forensika
** Sikolohiyang salud
** Sikolohiyang humanistika
** Sikolohiyang industriyal asin organisasyonal
** Neurosikolohiya
** Sikolihiyang personalidad
** Sikometrika
** Sikopisika
** Sikolohiyang pangmati asin persepsiyon
** Sikolohiyang pangsosyedad
* Gibuhong pansosyedad
* [[Sosyolohiya]] (''Sociology'')
* [[Pilosopiya]] (''Philosophy'')

== Hilingon man ==

* [[Teknolohiya]]
* [[Siyentista]]
* [[Inhenyeriya]]

== Panluwas na takod ==
{{commons category|Science|Siyensya}}
'''Mga publikasyon'''
* {{Wikibooks-inline|GCSE Science}}

'''Mga gunuan'''
* [http://www.euroscience.org/ Euroscience] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412080435/http://www.euroscience.org/ |date=2010-04-12 }}
* [http://xtf.lib.virginia.edu/xtf/view?docId=DicHist/uvaBook/tei/DicHist1.xml;chunk.id=dv1-57;toc.depth=1;toc.id=dv1-57;brand=default Classification of the Sciences]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} sa ''Dictionary of the History of Ideas''
* [http://www.science.gov/ United States Science Initiative] Napiling mga pang-siyensyang impormasyon gikan sa mga ahensyang pang-gobyerno kan Estados Unidos, kabali an mga resulta kan research &amp; development results
* [http://undsci.berkeley.edu/index.php How science works] ''University of California Museum of Paleontology''
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yk5IWzTfWeM &quot;How Do We Know What Is True?&quot; (animated video; 2:52)]
* [https://plantspeopleplanet.org.au/science/ &quot;Science&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210802033931/https://plantspeopleplanet.org.au/science/ |date=2021-08-02 }}, sarong pagtanaw kan konsepto, plantspeopleplanet.org.au
* [https://www.isko.org/cyclo/science  Science] ISKO Encyclopedia of Knowledge Organization

== Toltolan ==
{{reflist}}
{{saringsing}}
[[Kategorya:Siyensya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Vigdís Finnbogadóttir</title>
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{{Infobox officeholder
|image         = Vigdis Finnbogadottir (1985).jpg
|caption       = Vigdis Finnbogadottir in September 1985
|office        = Ika-4 [[Presidente nin Islandya]]
|primeminister = [[Gunnar Thoroddsen]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Steingrímur Hermannsson]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Þorsteinn Pálsson]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Davíð Oddsson]]
|term_start    = 1 Agosto 1980
|term_end      = 1 Agosto 1996
|predecessor   = [[Kristján Eldjárn]]
|successor     = [[Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson]]
|birth_date    = {{birth date and age|1930|04|15|df=y}}
|birth_place   = [[Reykjavík]], [[Kingdom of Iceland]]
|death_date    =
|death_place   =
|alma_mater    = [[University of Paris]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Université Grenoble Alpes|University of Grenoble]]&lt;br /&gt;[[University of Copenhagen]]&lt;br /&gt;[[University of Iceland]]
}}
Si ''' Vigdís Finnbogadóttir''' ({{IPA-is|ˈvɪɣtis ˈfɪnpɔɣaˌtouʰtɪr̥|lang|Is-Vigdis finnbogadottir.oga}}; namundag 15 Abril 1930) sarong Islandes na politiko na iyo an ika-apat na [[presidente nin Islandya]] poon 1980 sundo 1996. Siya an pinakaenot na babae sa enterong kinaban na naelehir sa  demokratikong eleksyon komo presidente.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 |title        = Club of Madrid: Vigdís Finnbogadóttir
 |publisher    = [[Club of Madrid]]
 |year         = 2003
 |url          = http://www.clubmadrid.org/en/miembro/vigdis_finnbogadottir
 |access-date   = 19 Hulyo 2010
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20170812215011/http://www.clubmadrid.org/en/miembro/vigdis_finnbogadottir
 |archive-date = 12 Agosto 2017
 |url-status     = dead
}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sa pagsirbeng 16 na taon komo presidente, siya an ikaduwang halawig nagsirbing babaeng presidente arinman na nasyon hanggan ngonyan. Sa ngonyan, siya an [[UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador]], asin myembro kan [[Club of Madrid]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
  | title = Club of Madrid: Full Members
  | publisher = [[Club of Madrid]]
  | year = 2019
  | url = http://www.clubmadrid.org/miembro/vigdis-finnbogadottir/
  | access-date = 27 October 2019
  | archive-date = 15 May 2021
  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210515192953/http://www.clubmadrid.org/miembro/vigdis-finnbogadottir/
  | dead-url = yes
  }}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Siya man an solong babae na nagin presidente kan Islandya hanggan ngonyan.

==Kaamayi nin buhay==
Si Vigdís Finnbogadóttir namundag sa [[Reykjavík]] kan 15 Abril 1930. An ama niya, si Finnbogi Rútur Þorvaldsson, sarong [[inhenyero sibil]], asin propesor sa [[University of Iceland]]. An ina niya, si Sigríður Eiríksdóttir, sarong nars asin namayo kan Icelandic Nurses Association. Si Vigdis aki nindang matua na nasundan nin saro pa na sarong lalaki na si Porvaldur&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-04-19|title=&quot;Ég missti þann förunaut sem hefði fylgt mér alla ævi&quot;|url=https://www.ruv.is/frett/2020/04/19/eg-missti-thann-forunaut-sem-hefdi-fylgt-mer-alla-aevi|access-date=2020-12-17|website=RÚV|language=is}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kan makapasar siya sa saiyang eksam kan 1949, si Vigdis nag'asal nin Pranses asin literaturang Pranses sa [[Université Grenoble Alpes|University of Grenoble]] asin sa [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]] sa Paris poon 1949 abot 1953, dangan nag'adal pa nin kan [[historya nin teatro]] sa [[University of Copenhagen]]. Siya nakamit an BA sa French asin Ingles, asin pa an Professional Graduate Certificate in Education, sa  [[University of Iceland]]. An naagom niya sarong doktor kan 1954, alagfad nagdiborsyo kan 1963, asin sa edad na 41 nag'ampon nin aking babae, bna siya ngani an pinakaenot na babae na solong-buhay tinugotan mag'ampon.&lt;ref name=icemag&gt;{{cite news |title=First female head of state, Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, elected 35 years ago today |url=http://icelandmag.visir.is/article/first-female-head-state-vigdis-finnbogadottir-elected-35-years-ago-today |work=[[Iceland Magazine]] |date=2015-06-29 |access-date=2016-06-26 |accessdate=2022-03-10 |archivedate=2017-10-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002013337/http://icelandmag.visir.is/article/first-female-head-state-vigdis-finnbogadottir-elected-35-years-ago-today }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Si Vigdís nagpartisipar kan mga 1960 asin mga 1970 sa kadakul na rally ginibo kontra sa presensya kan militar nin E.U. sa Islandya (partikular sa [[Keflavík International Airport|Keflavík]]). Taon-taon ginatos, ribo pa, an namartsa sa 50-km na tinamp;o pasiring  Keflavík asin nagkukurahaw na &quot;Ísland úr [[NATO]], herinn burt&quot; (literalmente: Islandya luwas sa NATO, maghale an militar!).

==Presidente nin Islandya==
{{Infobox President styles
|name= Vigdís Finnbogadóttir
|image = [[File:Coat of arms of the President of Iceland.svg|50px]]
|dipstyle= ''Virðulegi forseti Íslands'' &lt;br&gt; [[Excellency|Her Excellency]] 
|offstyle= ''Yðar Hátign'' &lt;br&gt; Your Excellency
|altstyle= ''Frú Forseti'' &lt;br&gt; Madam President
}}
Siya enot nagdalagan kalaban an tolong lalaking kandidato. Mahimpis sana gana niya mala ta nakua niya 33.6 porsyento kan boto manta an pinakaharani saiya nakua 32.1 porsyento. Siya nanggad an pinakaenot na babae naelihir sa demokratikong eleksyon sa bilog na kinaban, kan eleksyon nasyonal 1980. Siya naging popular na marhay mala ta tolong beses pa siya n aelehir sa pagkapresidente ; kan 1984, mahyong kalaban; kan 1988  nakua niya 94.6 porsyento kan boto; qasin kan 1992, mayo man naglaban saiya. Kan eleksyon 1996, dai na siya nagdalagan sa pagkapresidente. Kaya siya an pinakahalawig nagserbing presidente (apat na termino) na babae sa Islandya. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Kristinsson|first=Gunnar Helgi|date=1996|title=The presidential election in Iceland 1996|journal=Electoral Studies|volume=15|issue=4|pages=533–537|doi=10.1016/s0261-3794(96)80470-7|issn=0261-3794}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Toltolan==
{{reflist}}
{{Tamboan}}

[[Kategorya:Mga presidente nin Islandya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sone Tatsuzō</title>
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{{Infobox artist
|name                 = Sone Tatsuzō
|image                = Sone Tatsuzô.jpg
|image_size           = 
|caption              = Sone Tatsuzō
|nationality          = Hapon
|birth_date           = {{Birth date|df=yes|1853|01|03}}
|birth_place          = Tokyo, Hapon
|death_date           = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1937|12|06|1853|01|03}}
|death_place          = Tokyo, Hapon
|alma_mater           = [[Imperial College of Engineering]]
|practice             = 
|significant_buildings= Keio University Old Library (1912)
|significant_projects = 
|significant_design   = 
|awards               = 
}}

Si {{nihongo|'''Sone Tatsuzō'''|曽禰 達蔵||Enero 3, 1853&amp;mdash;Desyembre 6, 1937}} sarong Hapon na arkitekto, na mauunabihan sa saiyang paggamit kan sulnopan na estilong arkitektural sa peryodong huring parte kan [[Meiji]]. Siya saro sa tagasunod ni [[Josiah Conder (arkitekto)|Josiah Conder]].

==Kaamayi nin buhay asin karera==
Kairiba sinda [[Katayama Tokuma]], [[Tatsuno Kingo]] asin [[Satachi Shichijiro]], si Sone yaon sa grupo nin mga bantogan na mga estudyante sa arkitektura sa [[Imperial College of Engineering]], Tokyo, asin sinda mga estudyante kan Briton na arkitektong si [[Josiah Conder (arkitekto)|Josiah Conder]].

Isinubol sa London kan 1901 kan kagmukna kan [[Mitsubishi]], na si [[Iwasaki Yanosuke]], si Sone pagbalik iyo an nagdesenyo asin nagpakonstruksyon kan Senshokaku, sarong eleganteng 2-eskalon na mansion tinugdok sa  bulasok na gilid kan bulod na kun saen natata'naw an astilyera nin [[Nagasaki]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Checkland|first1=Olive|title=Japan and Britain After 1859: Creating Cultural Bridges|url=https://archive.org/details/japanbritainafte00chec|url-access=limited|date=2003|publisher=RoutledgeCurzon|location=London|isbn=0-7007-1747-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/japanbritainafte00chec/page/n94 80]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Keio University Library,1912.jpg|right|thumb|[[Keio University]] Old University Library Building kan Mayo 1912]]
An pinakabantog na trabaho ni Sone iyo an Old University Library Building (1912), na yaon pa nakatindog sa kampus kan [[Keio University]] duman sa mayor na kampus sa [[Mita, Minato, Tokyo|Mita]]. Katuwang an saiyang partner na si  Chujō Seiichirō, sa Sone nagprodyusir nin edipisyo sa estilong Edwardian neo-gothic sa pulang radrilyo na pinatos sa puting pinta. An Old Library iyo na an pinakabistong landmark sa unibersidad. An huring peryodong Meiji na estrukturang ini naggamit nin modernong teknolohiya kan panahon na idto, na may mga aserong kabaan asin pinapusog na konkretong salog, siring man mga sirkwit elektrikal na mahusay para sa gas asin steam.

Sa pag'ultan kan peryodong pagtatapos kan Meiji asin Ikaduwang Gerang Pankinaban, si Sone asin Chujo nagdesenyo man nin mga edipisyo para sa [[Keio University]] kabali diyan an Keio Corporate Administration Building asin an First School Building, na pareho pa tindog sa kampus kan Mita.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Architecture of Keio University|url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/en/keio_in_depth/keio_view/2014/08.html|website=Keio in Depth|publisher=Keio University|accessdate=4 December 2014}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Old-Marunouchi-Street-Tokyo-1920.png|thumb|1920 na retrato na ta'naw an opisina kan Mitsubishi sa  Marunouchi]]

Si Sone bilang superintendente,  kaiba an  dating instructor sa unibersidad na si [[Josiah Conder (arkitekto)|Josiah Conder]] komo arkitekto, responsable kan dakul na mga bantogan na pulang-radrilyong mga edipisyong Mitsubishi sa [[Marunouchi]], [[Tokyo]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Checkland|first1=Olive|title=Japan and Britain After 1859: Creating Cultural Bridges|url=https://archive.org/details/japanbritainafte00chec|url-access=limited|date=2003|publisher=RoutledgeCurzon|location=London|isbn=0-7007-1747-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/japanbritainafte00chec/page/n94 80]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  An distrito nin Marunouchi pigdesenyo na an mga edipisyo igdi pigplano na matibay sa anoman na kusog nin linog asin an Mitsubishi [[zaibatsu]] nagpagibo nin 20 mga edipisyo na siring pakadesenyo sa lugar na idto bago pa nangyari an [[1923 Great Kantō earthquake|Dakulang Linog Kantō]] kan 1923.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Clancey|first1=Gregory|title=Earthquake Nation: The Cultural Politics of Japanese Seismicity, 1868-1930|url=https://archive.org/details/earthquakenation00clan|url-access=limited|date=2006|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley and Los Angeles|isbn=0-520-24607-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/earthquakenation00clan/page/n215 201]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Mga edipisyo==
* 1912 [[Keio University]] Old Library

==Toltolan==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}{{Poon}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tatsuzo, Sone}}
[[Kategorya:Mga arkitektong Hapon]]
[[Kategorya:Mga 1853 na kamundagan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga 1937 na kagadanan]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cagsawa Festival</title>
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      <id>305131</id>
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      <text bytes="1333" sha1="1pe1uq45n4q2s0cxthahw8ntjww99to" xml:space="preserve">An '''Cagsawa Festival''' sarong kapiyestahan na sineselebrar sa bilog na bulan kan Pebrero sa [[Daraga]], [[Albay]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.tpb.gov.ph/events/cagsawa-festival/ |access-date=2023-09-05 |archive-date=2023-09-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230905053925/https://www.tpb.gov.ph/events/cagsawa-festival/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Uusipon ==
An sentro kan piyesta an [[Rugbang Simbahan nin Cagsawa|Cagsawa Ruins]], mismo an katastrope na nangyari kan 1814 kun sain nalangtoban an Simbahan nin Cagsawa, na natada na sana an kampanaryo, asin pirang gatos na tawo huli ta sa pagtuga kan [[Bulkan Mayon]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://rsso05.psa.gov.ph/Albay-Tourism/Cagsawa%20Festival/Cagsawa%20Festival.html |access-date=2023-09-05 |archive-date=2023-09-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230905053926/https://rsso05.psa.gov.ph/Albay-Tourism/Cagsawa%20Festival/Cagsawa%20Festival.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Alagad an obheto kan piyesta iyo iselebrar an dae magpapadaog na boot asin resiliyensya kan mga Albayano bako an kagiram-giram na pangyayari &lt;ref&gt;https://albay.gov.ph/?festivals_of_albay=cagsawa-festival-daraga-albay{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Toltolan ==
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  <page>
    <title>Begum Hazrat Mahal</title>
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{{Infobox royalty||title=[[Begum]] of [[Nawab of Awadh]]|birth_name=Muhammadi Khanum|image=Begum hazrat mahal.jpg|image_size=200px|alt=|caption=Begum Hazrat Mahal|spouse=[[Nawab Wajid Ali Shah]]|spouse-type=Husband|consort=&lt;!-- yes or no --&gt;|birth_date=1820{{citation needed|date=June 2019}}|birth_place=[[Faizabad]], [[Oudh State|Awadh]]|death_date=7 April 1879 (aged 59)|death_place=[[Kathmandu]], [[Kingdom of Nepal]]|religion=[[Shia Islam]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web| url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/who-is-who/history/begum-hazrat-mahal.html| title=Begum Hazrat Mahal Biography, History and Facts| date=2018-02-03| access-date=31 August 2018| archive-date=24 August 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180824065539/http://www.mapsofindia.com/who-is-who/history/begum-hazrat-mahal.html| url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

Si '''Begum Hazrat Mahal''' (mga 1820  7 Abril 1879), midbid man sa arapodan na [[:en:Begum|Begum]] kan [[:en:Oudh_State|Awadh]] iyo an ikaduwang agom ni [[:en:Nawab_of_Awadh|Nawab of Awadh]] [[:en:Wajid_Ali_Shah|Wajid Ali Shah]], asin an regent kan Awadh kan 1857-1858.   Midbid siya sa panginot na papel niya sa rebelyon kontra sa British East India Company durante kan Indian Rebelyon kan 1857.

Pakatapos na an agom niya pigdestierro sa Calcutta asin magputok an Rebelyon kan Indya, ginibo niyang regentisado an saiyang aki, si Prinsipe Birjis Qadr, an ''Wali'' (ruler) kan Awadh, kaiba mismo siya bilang nagrerenta durante kan minoriya kaini. Minsan siring, napiritan siang bayaan an katongdan na ini pakatapos nin halipot na paghade.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=8 April 2014|title=A link to Indian freedom movement in Nepal|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/south-asia/a-link-to-indian-freedom-movement-in-nepal/article5884467.ece|newspaper=The Hindu}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kan sia pa - Hallaur, sa katapustapusi nakakua na sia nin amponan sa Nepal, kun saen sia nagadan kan 1879. An saiyang papel sa rebelyon nagtao saiya nin herone status sa post-kolonyal na historya kan Indya.

== Biograpiya ==

=== Inot Buhay ===
An pangaran ni Begum Hazrat Mahal na Mohammadi Khanum, asin siya na ipinangaki kan 1820 sa [[Faizaba|Faizabad]], an dating kabisera nin Oudh State. Ipinabakal siya kan saiyang mga magurang asin nagin [[tawaif]] an saiyang propesyon. Naglaog siya sa royal [[harem]] bilang sarong ''Khawasin'' pagkatapos na ibenta sa mga ahente ng Royal, kun saen siya na na-promote sa sarong padi, asin bisto bilang Mahek Pari.

She became a ''Begum'' after being accepted as a royal concubine  of the King of Awadh, the last Tajdaar-e-Awadh, Wajid Ali Shah; became his junior wife and the title 'Hazrat Mahal' was bestowed on her after the birth of their son, Birjis Qadr. In 1856, the British annexed Awadh, and Wajid Ali Shah was exiled to [[Kolkata|Calcutta]]. Begum Hazrat Mahal remained in Lucknow with her son and soon took charge of the affairs of the rebel state of Awadh as it entered armed struggle with the British East India Company.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://indianculture.gov.in/gazettes/uttar-pradesh-district-gazetteers-lucknow-vol-xxxvii|title=Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers|last=Sharma|first=Vinod Chandra|date=March 1959|publisher=Government of Uttar Pradesh|volume=37|pages=56–57|access-date=1 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814015902/https://indianculture.gov.in/gazettes/uttar-pradesh-district-gazetteers-lucknow-vol-xxxvii|archive-date=14 August 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Pagrebelde sa Indian kan 1857 ===
Durante kan Rebelyon nin India kan 1857, si Begum Hazrat Mahal nagrebelde tumang sa pwersa kan mga Briton na nasa pamomoon ni Raja Jailal Singh; inagaw ninda an kontrol ki [[Lucknow]], asin sia tuminukaw bilang guardian kan saiyang sadit na aki, si Prinsipe Birjis Qadr, na ipinahayag nia bilang namamahala (''Wali'') kan Awadh.&lt;ref name=&quot;Michael Edwardes 1975 p. 104&quot;&gt;Michael Edwardes (1975) ''Red Year''. &lt;/ref&gt; Bilang ahente, sia automatikong nagkaigwa nin papel sa pamomoon sa pagrebelde tumang sa mga Britano.

An saro sa pangenot na reklamo ni Begum Hazrat Mahal iyo na an East India Company basta sana ginaba an mga templo asin moske tangani sanang makagibo nin dalan para sa mga tinampo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dalrymple&quot;&gt;William Dalrymple ''The Last Mughal; the fall of a dynasty: Delhi, 1857'', Viking Penguin, 2006, p. 69&lt;/ref&gt; Sa sarong proklamasyon na ilinuwas durante kan huring mga aldaw kan rebelyon, tinuya - tuya nia an paghihingakong Britano tanganing togotan an katalingkasan sa pagsamba:&lt;ref name=&quot;Dalrymple&quot; /&gt;
 {{blockquote|text=To eat pigs and drink wine, to bite [[Paper cartridge|greased cartridges]] and to mix [[Pig fat|pig's fat]] with [[Sweets from the Indian subcontinent|sweetmeats]], to destroy [[Hindus|Hindu]] and [[Muslims|Mussalman]] temples and mosques on the pretense of making roads, to build [[Church (building)|churches]], to send [[Clergy|clergymen]] into the streets to preach the [[Christianity|Christian religion]], to institute [[English-medium education|English schools]], and pay people a monthly stipend for learning the English sciences, while the places of worship of Hindus and Mussalmans are to this day entirely neglected; with all this, how can people believe that religion will not be interfered with?&lt;ref name=&quot;Dalrymple&quot;/&gt;|sign=|source=}}
Si Hazrat Mahal nagtrabaho kaiba ni Nana Saheb, alagad kan huri uminiba sa of [[:en:Faizabad|Faizabad]] sa pag-atake sa Shahjahanpur. Kan an pwersa sa irarom kan pagboot kan mga Briton na re-alkalde Lucknow asin kadaklan kan Oudh, siya pirit naatras.

=== Inot na Buhay ===
Pag katapos - tapusi, kinaipuhan niyang magsibog pasiring sa Nepal, kun sain kan primero nagsayuma siyang magin asylum kan primer ministro na si Jung Bahadur, asin dai nahaloy tinogotan siya kaini.

Nagadan siya duman kan 1879 asin ilinubong sa mayong ngaran na lulubngan sa natad kan Jama Masjid nin [[Kathmandu]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Krishna|first=Sharmila|title=Far from the madding crowd she lies, forlorn &amp; forgotten|url=http://oudh.tripod.com/bhm/bhmfar.htm|newspaper=[[The Indian Express|The Indian Express - LUCKNOW]]|date=11 June 2002|accessdate=4 March 2024|archivedate=3 December 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203001546/http://oudh.tripod.com/bhm/bhmfar.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Pagkagadan niya, sa okasyon kan hurado ni [[Reyna Victoria]] (1887), an Gobyernong Briton pinatawad si Birjis Qadr asin siya tinugotan na magpuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Lucknow the Last Phase of an Oriental Culture|last=Harcourt|first=E.S|date=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-563375-7|edition=seventh|location=Delhi|page=76}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Mga Memorial ==
An linobngan ni Begum Hazrat Mulang yaon sa sentral na parte kan Kathmandu harani sa Jama Masjid, Ghantaghar, bakong harayo sa bantog na Darbar Marg. Pig-aataman ini kan Jama Masjid Central Committee.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

Kan Agosto 1962, si Mahal ang pig-onrahan sa Lumang Victoria Park sa Hazratanj, Lucknow kan saiyang papel sa Great Revolt.&lt;ref name=&quot;milligazette1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Little known, little remembered: Begum Hazrat Mahal|url=http://www.milligazette.com/news/14143-little-known-little-remembered-begum-hazrat-mahal|newspaper=milligazette.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kaiba kan pagngaran liwat sa parke, itinogdok an sarong marmol na memorial, na kaiba dian an tabla nin marmol na may apat na bilog na riktang plake na igwa kan gubing nin mga armas kan pamilyang Awadh. An parke ginagamit para sa Ramlilas asin mga bonfires durante kan Dusshera, siring man ki Lucknow Mahotsava (Luccen Exposition).   &lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;a scholarly or news source for recent history would be better (May 2015)&quot;&gt;better&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;source&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span typeof=&quot;mw:Entity&quot;&gt;&amp;&lt;/nowiki&gt;nbsp;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;needed&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;

== Mga ladawan ==
&lt;gallery widths=&quot;180px&quot; heights=&quot;130px&quot;&gt;
Ladawan:Hazrat_Mahal's_Tomb_in_Kathmandu.jpg|alt=The tomb of Begum Hazrat Mahal near Jama Masjid in Kathmandu|An lulubgan nin Begum Hazrat Mahal harani sa Jama Masjid sa Kathmandu
Ladawan:Begum_Hazrat_Mahal_Park_Lucknow.jpg|alt=Memorial of Begum Hazrat Mahal in Begum Hazrat Mahal Park, Lucknow.|Memorial kan Begum Hazrat Mahal sa Begum Hazrat Mahal Park, [[Lucknow]].
Ladawan:Victoria_Memorial_-_Begum_Hazrat_Mahal_Park.jpg|alt=A view of Begum Hazrat Mahal Park|Sarong tanaw sa Begum Hazrat Mahal Park
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Panluwas na mga takod ==

* [http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/begum-hazrat-mahal.html Begum Hazrat Mahalal Biograpiya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180516174558/http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/begum-hazrat-mahal.html |date=2018-05-16 }}
* [http://oudh.tripod.com/1857/begum.htm 1857 - an Pakikipaglaban kan India Para sa Katalingkasan - Begum Hazrat Mahal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080108094007/http://oudh.tripod.com/1857/begum.htm |date=2008-01-08 }}
* [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20070510/1857/main4.htm An mga tawo nag - ako nin akusasyon ki Awad]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120808112814/http://pd.cpim.org/2007/1014/10142007_1857.htm LUKKO KAN 1857-58: AN EPIC SIEGE]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110725025549/http://www.nehru-centre.org/newsletters/2007/newsletternovember2007.pdf An 1857 Nag - ooswag sa Kasaysayan nin Katalingkasan]
* [http://www.milligazette.com/Archives/15062001/25.htm Salang kamugtakan kan lolobngan nin sarong parapakilaban na babae]
* [https://books.google.ae/books?isbn=8182054729 Mga parapakilaban na talingkas sa India]
* Begum Hazrat Mahal: Geraor Queen of Awadh by Malathi Ramachran, na ipinublikar kan Niyogi Books

== &lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot;&gt;Toltolan&lt;/span&gt; ==
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{{Tamboan}}
[[Kategorya:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Shoko Nakagawa</title>
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      <text bytes="35265" sha1="pjhw3y6uzcxshp063q81kvbw8ykdkl0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Shoko Nakagawa
| image              = 警察庁令和３年犯罪被害者週間ポスター中川翔子CC-BY4.0(cropped).png
| alt                = &lt;!-- descriptive text for use by the blind and visually impaired's speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software --&gt;
| caption            = 2021
| native_name        = 中川 翔子
| native_name_lang   = ja
| birth_name         = Shiyōko Nakagawa
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1985|5|5}}
| birth_place        = [[Nakano, Tokyo]], Japan
| death_date         = &lt;!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} --&gt;
| death_place        = 
| other_names        = {{nihongo|Shokotan|しょこたん}}
| occupation         = {{flatlist|
* [[Tarento|media personality]]
* actress
* [[Voice acting in Japan|voice actress]]
* singer
* model
* [[cartoonist]]
}}
| years_active       = 1990–presente
| agent              = [[Watanabe Entertainment]]
| spouse             = {{marriage|unknown|2023}}
| father             = [[Katsuhiko Nakagawa]]
| website            = {{URL|www.shokotan.jp}}
| module             = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| background          = solo_singer
| genre               = {{flatlist|
* [[J-pop]]
* rock
* [[Anison]]}}
| instrument          = Vocals
| years_active        = 2001–presente
| label               = {{flatlist|
* [[Sony Music Japan|Sony Records]]}}
| associated_acts     = {{flatlist|
* Katsuhiko Nakagawa
* Deco*27}}
}}
}}
Si {{Nihongo|'''Shoko Nakagawa'''|中川 翔子|Nakagawa Shōko|namundag Mayo 5, 1985}} sarong [[tarento|Hapones na personalidad sa medya]], parakanta, aktres, [[Akting sa boses sa Hapon|aktres sa boses]], ilustrador, asin [[YouTuber]]. Midbid man sa bansag niyang {{nihongo4|'''Shokotan'''|しょこたん}}, siya bistong gayo bilang tagapresentar sa ''[[Pokémon Sunday]]'', asin parabida sa pambungsod na tema sa anime ''[[Gurren Lagann]]''.

==Biograpiya==
Ipinangaki kan aktor asin musiko na si [[Katsuhiko Nakagawa]], na sarong celebrity sa Hapon kan mga 1980, siya pinadakula sa Nakano kan saiyang ina kan magadan an ama niya sa leukemia kan 1994.[1][2eath from leukemia in 1994.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Without Pokémon, We Wouldn't Have Japan's Nerd Heroine|url=https://kotaku.com/without-pokemon-we-wouldnt-have-japans-nerd-heroine-1063556681|website=Kotaku|date=August 8, 2013 |language=en-us|access-date=May 9, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=中川翔子、亡き父・勝彦さんのイケメン伝説を明かす「街を歩くとみんな振り返って&quot;目がハート&quot;に」 - スポニチ Sponichi Annex 芸能 |url=https://www.sponichi.co.jp/entertainment/news/2023/06/28/kiji/20230628s00041000344000c.html |access-date=2024-02-03 |website=スポニチ Sponichi Annex |language=ja}}&lt;/ref&gt; Si Nakagawa nakakarayo sana sa mga para-bully saiya paagi nin paglinga niya sa ''Pokémon'' kan siya yaon sa ika-5 grado. &quot;When I was a kid, I didn't have friends, but I did have ''Pokémon''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=She Didn't Have Friends. She Had Pocket Monsters.|url=https://kotaku.com/she-didnt-have-friends-she-had-pocket-monsters-5822106|website=Kotaku|date=July 18, 2011 |language=en-us|access-date=May 9, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Sa librong 2006 {{nihongo4|Shokotan Manual|しょこ☆まにゅ|Shoko Manyu}}, siya nagsurat na an tunay niyang pangaran legal {{nihongo4|Shiyōko|しようこ}} bakong {{nihongo4|Shōko|しょうこ}}, na iyo an pirmi niyang ginagamit sa lawig kan saiyang buhay. Kan siya namundag, siya asin saiyang ina nagtener sa hospital, asin saiyang makoinang maternal iyo an natokahan na magrehistro sa ''[[koseki]]''. Ann pinili kuta kan saiyang ina na pangaran  {{nihongo4|&quot;Shōko&quot;|薔子}} pigsayumahyan ta mayo an {{nihongo2|薔}} kaiba sa lista kan [[jōyō kanji]] o [[jinmeiyō kanji]] na aprobado na mauusar sa mga pangaran nin mga Hapones. An auntie niya nasurat{{nihongo4|Shōko|しょうこ}} sa hiragana, alagad ta nagmamadali nasurat logod, an sadit na ''[[yo (kana)|yo]]'' nagluwas na mas dakula na iyo logod na guhit na bilang {{nihongo4|Shiyōko|しようこ}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|script-title=ja:しょこ☆まにゅ|trans-title=Shokotan Manual|title=Shoko Manyu|date=December 1, 2006|publisher=Gakken|location=Japan|language=ja|isbn=978-4054031999}}&lt;/ref&gt;

An saiyang pambungsod na debut sa entertainment nangyari kan 2001, na guminana kan Grand Prix award sa Popolo Girl Audition&lt;ref name=&quot;Otaku encyclopedia entry&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Galbraith|first=Patrick W.|title=The Otaku Encyclopedia: An Insider's Guide to the Subculture of Cool Japan |publisher=Kodansha International|year=2009|page=206|isbn=978-4-7700-3101-3}}&lt;/ref&gt; asimn nagrepresentar kan [[Jackie Chan]] talent agency. Ngapit sa  &quot;Yume-Ga-Oka Residence&quot; programme sa [[SKY PerfecTV!]], siya natawan nin Jackie Chan photobook ni [[Midorikawa Shobō]], na mga bisita duman sa show. Nagkomento siya, &quot;Huna ko kaiwal siya ni Bruce Lee, na tinutumoy niya an pelikulang ''[[Enter the Dragon]]''.
[[File:中川翔子さんが銀河連邦大統領補佐官に就任＠相模原 9011730622 (6).jpg|left|180px|thumb|Nakagawa in 2013]]

Kan 2002, siya napiling Miss [[Shōnen Magazine]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Otaku encyclopedia entry&quot;/&gt;

An siyang opisyal na blog, ''Shokotan * Blog'', nmagbukas kan 2004, asin ta kan Abril 2006 nakaresibi na ini nin 100 million na nagta'naw. Kan Pebrero 2, 2008, an dyaryong Hapones na ''[[Mainichi Shimbun]]'' nagreport na saiyang blog binuksan asin pigbasa 1&amp;nbsp;billion na beses.&lt;ref name=&quot;Otaku encyclopedia entry&quot; /&gt;

Kan 2004, siya nag- guest appearance sa ika-38ng episodyo kan ''[[Tokusou Sentai Dekaranger]]'', pakatapos na siya magluweas man sa ''[[Chikyuu Sentai Fiveman]]'' kan siya akion pa. Dangan kaidto siya nagluwas man katambal si Katsumura sa ''[[Men B]]''.

Siya nagluwas nin madalian sa sarong kabtang kan &quot;[[Kangaeru Hito]]&quot; (&quot;People who think&quot;) sa [[Fuji TV]] network kan 2004 bilang ilustrador, na pakatapos kaini siya nagluluwas na nin regular sa huring mbersyon kan  programa kaamayi nin 2005, &quot;Kangaeru Hitokoma&quot; (&quot;Thinking about one frame [of a cartoon strip]&quot;). Sa [[Fuji TV]] na pasaling ''Kangaeru Hitokoma'', kun saen siya minsan nagluluwas bilang bisita, siya nakaagid sa estilo ni   [[Kazuo Umezu]].

Sarong taon poon kan Mayo 2005, siya nagbida bilang regular sa [[Tokyo Broadcasting System|TBS]] na programa &quot;[[Ōsama no Brunch]]&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Otaku encyclopedia entry&quot; /&gt; Kan Hulyo 2006, saiyang pinaluwas an bungsod na single album niyang &quot;Brilliant Dream&quot;. Ini nagpakol nin ika-29 sa chart kan [[Oricon]], na nagbentang 6313 kopya. Si Nakagawa nagbida sa [[Anime Expo|Anime Expo 2008]] duman sa [[Los Angeles Convention Center]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Otaku encyclopedia entry&quot; /&gt;

An iba kan saiyang trabaho pinaluwas na kan Mayo 11, 2006, edisyon kan ''[[Downtown Deluxe]]'' sa [[Nippon TV]] network, Siya nagin myembro sa judging panel sa &quot;Jump Damashii&quot; na seksyon kan [[Shūeisha]]na publikasyon kan [[Weekly Shōnen Jump]], poon kan Jump numero 13 kan 2006.

Kan Mayo 30, 2006, na pinag-ere sa ''[[Kasupe!]]'', sa seksyon tituladong {{Nihongo4|Fuji Ginkō Geinōjin Satei-Gakari|フジ銀行 芸能人査定係}}, &quot;Fuji Bank Celebrity Evaluator&quot;, nadiskubre na siya mahilig sa manga na ''[[Kachō Shima Kōsaku]]'',na nagguno nin komento sa host na si [[Sayaka Aoki (comedian)|Sayaka Aoki]], na igwa siyang tipong &quot;pan-namit na sa gurang&quot;.

Kan 2009, siya nagtbukas nin tindahan inapod  &quot;mmts&quot; na may tema kan saiyang hobby sa [[Nakano Broadway]].

Kan 2009–2010, siya nagluwas sa serye nin mga komersyal para sa [[Norton AntiVirus]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://internet.watch.impress.co.jp/cda/news/2008/09/16/20865.html|title=ノートン2009は「ギザ貪欲すなぁ」中川翔子が新製品をPR|website=internet.watch.impress.co.jp|access-date=April 18, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20090918-a024/|title=中川翔子、過酷な撮影に「ほんとに苦しかった...」 – 「ノートン 2010」新CM|date=September 1, 2009|website=マイナビニュース|language=ja|access-date=April 18, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kan Marso 2014, an libro ni Nakagawa'ng mga autobiographical na mga saysay, ''Neko no Ashiato'' (&quot;Cats' Pawprints&quot;), napublikar kan Magazine House. Kan Marso 2015, an libro inadaptar sa seryeng anime tituladong  Omakase Mamitasu'' (&quot;Leave It to Mamitasu&quot;) sa [[NHK]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Shokotan's Autobiographical Cat &amp; Family Essays Get TV Anime|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-01-31/shokotan-autobiographical-cat-and-family-essays-get-tv-anime/.83944|website=Anime News Network|language=en|access-date=May 13, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; na tinampok an mga karakter basado sa ikos ni Nakagawa asin sa saiyang dai-nang ama asin 
lolo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Shoko Nakagawa – Interview (2019)|url=https://j-generation.com/2019/01/shoko-nakagawa-interview-2019/|date=January 2, 2019|website=J-Generation|language=en-US|access-date=May 13, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kan 2018, si Nakagawa nagbalik sa Anime Expo sa pagbida bilang parte kan Anisong World Matsuri.[10]

Kan 2019, si Nakagawa nagbida kan kantang &quot;Kaze to Issho ni&quot; (風といっしょに) katuwang si Sachiko Kobayashi, na ini ginamit na theme song sa pelikulang pang-teatrong Mewtwo Strikes Back: Evolution; ini pamatos sa kantang orihinalmente ipinagbida ni Kobayashi, na ginamit na theme song sa 1998 pelikulang Pokémon: The First Movie]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Shokotan, Enka Singer Sachiko Kobayashi Sing Pokémon's Mewtwo Strikes Back Evolution Film Theme |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-04-06/shokotan-enka-singer-sachiko-kobayashi-sing-pokemon-mewtwo-strikes-back-evolution-film-theme/.145456 |publisher=[[Anime News Network]] |access-date=February 13, 2020 |date=April 6, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kan 2020, huli sa temporaryong pagkawara nin trabaho sa COVID 19, na siya nagpoon magpalakop nin mga bidyo sa YouTube, suway man sa mga espwerso kan channel na nagtataltag mga music videos na ikinaag kan opisina.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=【中川翔子さん】「自分にできることはないかな」をいつも心の片隅に それが、助け合いの第一歩 |url=https://www.tokyo-vln.jp/learn/interview/51649 |access-date=2023-07-29 |website=東京ボランティアレガシーネットワーク |language=ja}}&lt;/ref&gt; An bhlog niya poon kaidto dai naman naataman.

Kan 2021, siya nagpost kan swimsuit video niya sa YouTube, asin nsiya nagin popular na marhay, na may si'rip sobra sa 10 million sa laog sana nin duwang bulan.

Kan Abril 28, 2023, si Nakagawa nagpaanunsyo kan saiyang pag'agom sa sarong non-celebrity.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Morrissy |first=Kim |date=2023-04-28 |title=Singer, Voice Actress Shoko Nakagawa Announces Marriage |work=[[Anime News Network]] |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/interest/2023-04-28/singer-voice-actress-shoko-nakagawa-announces-marriage/.197591 |access-date=2023-04-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Filmograpiya==

===Telebisyon===
* ''AX MUSIC-TV 00'' (2003–2004)
* {{Nihongo4|''[[Pokémon Sunday]]''|ポケモン☆サンデー|Pokemon☆Sandē}} (2006–2010)
* {{Nihongo4|''[[Tokusou Sentai Dekaranger]]''|特捜戦隊デカレンジャー|Tokusō Sentai Dekarenjā}} (2004) as Falupian Yaako (guest appearance) Episode 38
* {{Nihongo4|''Isshukan no Koi''|一週間の恋}} (2006)
* {{Nihongo4|''Hou no Niwa''|法の庭}} (2007)
* {{Nihongo4|''Honto ni Atta Kowai Hanashi''|ほんとにあった怖い話}} (2007)
* {{Nihongo4|''Shūmatsu no Cinderella Sekai! Dangan Traveler''|週末のシンデレラ 世界!弾丸トラベラー|Shūmatsu-no-shinderera Sekai! DanganToraberā}} (2007–2012)
* {{Nihongo4|''Waraiga Ichiban''|笑いがいちばん|Waraiga Ichiban}} (2007–2010)
* {{Nihongo4|''[[Anmitsu Hime]]''|あんみつ姫}} (2008)
* {{Nihongo4|''Anmitsu Hime 2''|あんみつ姫2}} (2009)
* {{Nihongo4|''[[Pokémon Smash!]]''|ポケモンスマッシュ！|Pokemon Sumasshu!}} (2010–2013)
* {{Nihongo4|''Pokémon Get TV''|ポケモンゲット☆TV|Pokemon Getto Terebi}} (2013–2015)
* {{Nihongo4|''[[Gunshi Kanbei]]''|軍師官兵衛}} (2014) as Okita
* {{Nihongo4|''Mare''|まれ}} (2015)
* {{Nihongo4|''Meet Up at the Pokémon House?''|ポケモンの家あつまる?|Pokémon no Uchi Atsumaru?}} (2015–present)
* {{Nihongo4|''Yuusha Yoshihiko to Michibikareshi 7-nin''|勇者ヨシヒコと導かれし七人}} (2016)
* {{Nihongo4|''Anata no Koto wa sore hodo''|あなたのことはそれほど}} (2017)
* {{Nihongo4|''Tokyo Vampire Hotel''|東京ヴァンパイアホテル}} (2017)

===Mga pelikula===
* ''[[Kabuto-O Beetle]]'' (2005)
* ''Umezu Kazuo: Kyofu Gekijo – Zesshoku'' (2005)
* ''Koala Kacho / Executive Koala'' (2005)
* ''[[The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift]]'' (2006)
* ''[[X-Cross]]'' (2007)
* ''[[Gothic Lolita Battle Bear]]'' (2013)

===Stageplays===
* ''Maybe Happy Ending'' (2020)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=CAST｜ミュージカル『メイビー、ハッピーエンディング』|url=https://www.tohostage.com/maybe/cast.html|access-date=2020-09-20|website=www.tohostage.com|archive-date=2020-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929105752/https://www.tohostage.com/maybe/cast.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Anime===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Taon
!Titulo
!Papel
!Note
|-
|2005
|''[[Eyeshield 21]]'' 
|[[List of Eyeshield 21 characters#Suzuna Taki|Suzuna Taki]]
|
|-
|2012
|''[[Saint Seiya Omega]]'' 
|[[List of Saint Seiya characters#Saori Kido|Saori Kido / Athena]]
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2013
|''[[Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods]]'' 
|Oracle Fish
|Film
|-
|''[[Majocco Shimai no Yoyo to Nene]]'' 
|Bahiku
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2015
|''[[Dragon Ball Z: Resurrection 'F']]'' 
|Oracle Fish
|Film
|-
|''[[List of Sailor Moon Crystal episodes#Season 2: Black Moon (2015)|Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon Crystal Season II]]'' 
|[[List of Sailor Moon characters#Diana|Diana]]
|ONA&lt;br /&gt;''Black Moon'' arc&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-03-31/idol-shoko-nakagawa-to-voice-diana-in-sailor-moon-crystal/.86569| title=Idol Shoko Nakagawa to Voice Diana in Sailor Moon Crystal| last=Nelkin| first=Sarah| date=March 3, 2015| website=Anime News Network| access-date=March 31, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''[[Dragon Ball Super]]'' 
|Oracle Fish
|
|-
|2016
|''[[List of Sailor Moon Crystal episodes#Season 3: Death Busters (2016)|Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon Crystal Season III]]'' 
|Diana
|TV Anime&lt;br /&gt;''Death Busters'' arc&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-03-26/sailor-moon-crystal-season-iii-videos-preview-animation-theme-songs/.100305| title=Sailor Moon Crystal Season III Videos Preview Animation, Theme Songs| last=Hodgkins| first=Crystalyn| date=March 2, 2016| website=Anime News Network| access-date=March 26, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2017
|''[[Akiba's Trip: The Animation]]'' 
|Risa Deiba
|
|-
|2021
|''[[Sailor Moon Eternal|Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon Eternal The Movie]]'' 
|Diana
|2-Part film&lt;br /&gt;Season 4 of ''[[Sailor Moon Crystal]]'' {{small|(''Dead Moon'' arc)}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite tweet|url=https://twitter.com/shoko55mmts/status/1278928285611593728| title=Shoko Nakagawa confirms her return to voice Diana in Sailor Moon Eternal films!| user=shoko55mmts| author=しぶとい中川翔子 | number=1278928285611593728| |language=ja| date=July 3, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 2023
|''Junji Ito Maniac: Japanese Tales of the Macabre'' 
|Mayumi Santo
|ONA&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2022-12-08/junji-ito-maniac-japanese-tales-of-the-macabre-anime-unveils-more-cast-all-20-stories/.192735| title=Junji Ito Maniac: Japanese Tales of the Macabre Anime Unveils More Cast, All 20 Stories| last=Pineda| first=Rafael Antonio| date=December 8, 2022| website=Anime News Network| access-date=December 9, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| ''[[Sailor Moon Cosmos|Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon Cosmos The Movie]]'' 
| Diana
| 2-Part film&lt;br/&gt;Season 5 of ''Sailor Moon Crystal'' {{small|(''Shadow Galactica'' arc)}}
|-
|}

===Pokémon na mga pelikula===
*Nakagawa also has voiced characters in every ''[[Pokémon]]'' movie since 2007 (except ''[[Pokémon the Movie: Genesect and the Legend Awakened]]'' and ''[[Pokémon: Mewtwo Strikes Back—Evolution]]''):
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Year
!Title
!Role
|-
|2007
|''[[Pokémon: The Rise of Darkrai]]'' 
|Maki
|-
|2008
|''[[Pokémon: Giratina &amp; the Sky Warrior]]'' 
|Infy
|-
|2009
|''[[Pokémon: Arceus and the Jewel of Life]]'' 
|Notched-Ear [[Pichu]]
|-
|2010
|''[[Pokémon: Zoroark: Master of Illusions]]'' 
|Proof
|-
|2011
|''[[Pokémon the Movie: Black—Victini and Reshiram and White—Victini and Zekrom]]'' 
|Aude
|-
|2012
|''[[Pokémon the Movie: Kyurem vs. the Sword of Justice]]'' 
|Keldeo
|-
|2014
|''[[Pokémon the Movie: Diancie and the Cocoon of Destruction]]'' 
|Millis Steele
|-
|2015
|''[[Pokémon the Movie: Hoopa and the Clash of Ages]]'' 
|Mary
|-
|2016
|''[[Pokémon the Movie: Volcanion and the Mechanical Marvel]]'' 
|Racel
|-
|2017
|''[[Pokémon the Movie: I Choose You!]]'' 
|Nurse Joy
|-
|2018
|''[[Pokémon the Movie: The Power of Us]]'' 
|Riku
|-
|2020
|''[[Pokémon the Movie: Secrets of the Jungle]]''
|Karen
|-
|}

===Mga Bidyong kawat===
* ''[[Dragon Quest Heroes: The World Tree's Woe and the Blight Below|Dragon Quest Heroes]]'' (2015) – Alena&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/Shoko-Nakagawa/|title= Shoko Nagakawa (visual voices guide) - BTVA - Behind The Voice Actors|access-date= September 9, 2019|website= behindthevoiceactors.com|postscript=. Check mark indicates role has been confirmed using screenshots of closing credits and other reliable sources.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[[Dragon Quest Heroes II]]'' (2016) – Alena&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot;/&gt;
* ''[[Toukiden 2]]'' (2016) – Gwen&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.gamecity.ne.jp/toukiden/toukiden2/character_m03.html|title= 討鬼伝2 – コーエーテクモゲームス|access-date= September 9, 2019|website= gamecity.ne.jp|language= ja}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Itadaki Street: Dragon Quest and Final Fantasy 30th Anniversary'' (2017) – Alena&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= http://www.jp.square-enix.com/itastDQFF30th/characters/arena.html|title= &lt;nowiki&gt;アリーナ | キャラクター | いただきストリート ドラゴンクエスト＆ファイナルファンタジー  30th ANNIVERSARY | SQUARE ENIX&lt;/nowiki&gt;|access-date= September 9, 2019|website= jp.square-enix.com|language= ja}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[[Kingdom Hearts III]]'' (2019) – [[Rapunzel (Tangled)|Rapunzel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot;/&gt;

===Japanese dub===

====Live-action====
*'''[[Moon Geun-young]]'''
**''[[Innocent Steps]]'' – Jang Chae-min
**''[[My Little Bride]]'' – Bo-eun
* ''[[Silent Hill (film)|Silent Hill]]'' (2006) – [[Alessa Gillespie]] (voice-over for [[Jodelle Ferland]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://www.star-ch.jp/channel/detail.php?movie_id=21579|title= サイレントヒル|access-date= July 9, 2019|work= Star Channel|archive-date= December 5, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201205113959/https://www.star-ch.jp/channel/detail.php?movie_id=21579|dead-url= yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[[Transformers: Age of Extinction]]'' (2014) – Tessa Yeager (voice-over for [[Nicola Peltz]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.fukikaeru.com/?p=2400|title= トランスフォーマー／ロストエイジ|access-date= February 16, 2021|work= Fukikaeru}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[[Ra.One]]'' (2015) – Desi/Dawsal (voice-over for [[Priyanka Chopra]])
* ''[[Venom (2018 film)|Venom]]'' (2018) – [[Anne Weying]] (voice-over for [[Michelle Williams (actress)|Michelle Williams]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/298448|title= 諏訪部順一と中村獅童が&quot;最恐&quot;タッグ「ヴェノム」吹替版、中川翔子も参加|access-date= March 30, 2021|work= Natalie}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[[Venom: Let There Be Carnage]]'' (2021) – Anne Weying (voice-over for Michelle Williams)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.cinematoday.jp/news/N0124563|title= 続投決定！『ヴェノム2』日本語吹き替えキャストがコメント発表|access-date= August 2, 2021|work= Cinema Today|date= July 6, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Animation====
* ''[[Tangled The Series]]'' (2017–2020) – [[Rapunzel]]
* ''[[Tangled]]'' (2010) – [[Rapunzel (Tangled)|Rapunzel]]
* ''[[Ralph Breaks the Internet]]'' (2018) – Rapunzel&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.fukikaeru.com/?p=10747|title= シュガー・ラッシュ：オンライン|access-date= December 17, 2018|work= Fukikaeru}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*''[[Puss in Boots: The Last Wish]]'' (2023) – [[Goldilocks]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/510254|title= 「長ぐつをはいたネコ」伝説ネコは山本耕史、土屋アンナ・中川翔子・小関裕太らも出演|date= January 26, 2023|access-date= January 26, 2023|website= natalie.mu}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Diskograpiya==
{{BLP unreferenced section|date=December 2014}}
Shoko Nakagawa is signed to [[Sony Music Entertainment (Japan)|Sony Japan]].

===Solo===
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Titulo !! Petsa pagpaluwas !! Bentang enot na semana !! Total na benta !! Impormasyon
|-
| &quot;Brilliant Dream&quot; || July 5, 2006 || 6,313 || 10,459 || Opening theme for ''[[Yoshimune (anime)|Yoshimune]]''
|-
| {{Nihongo4|&quot;Strawberry Melody&quot;&lt;br&gt;|ストロベリmelody|Sutoroberi Merodi}} || February 14, 2007 || 10,023 || 15,784 || Theme for TBS's program ''[[Pokémon Sunday]]'' theme song and ''[[Wanagona]]'' theme song.
|-
| {{Nihongo4|&quot;Sorairo Days&quot;&lt;br&gt;|空色デイズ|Sorairo Deizu|&quot;Sky Blue Days&quot;}} || June 27, 2007 || 30,517 || 67,453 || Opening theme for ''[[Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann]]''
|-
| &quot;Snow Tears&quot; || January 30, 2008 || 26,068 || 43,450 || Ending theme for ''[[Hakaba Kitaro]]''
|-
| &quot;Shiny Gate&quot; || August 6, 2008 || 13,564 || 20,316 || Theme song for [http://www.onlypic.org/ ''Tokyo OnlyPic 2008''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113202910/http://www.onlypic.org/ |date=January 13, 2010 }}
|-
| {{Nihongo4|&quot;Tsuzuku Sekai&quot;&lt;br&gt;|続く世界||&quot;The World Continues&quot;}} || September 10, 2008 || 32,906 || 49,368 || Ending Song of the anime film ''[[Gurren Lagann|Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann: Guren-hen]]''
|-
| {{Nihongo4|&quot;Kirei à la Mode&quot;&lt;br&gt;|綺麗ア・ラ・モード|Kirei A Ra Mōdo|&quot;Beautiful à la Mode&quot;}} || October 22, 2008 || 13,758 || 20,236 || Commercial song for ''Fujiya Look Royal Mode''
|-
| {{Nihongo4|&quot;Namida no Tane, Egao no Hana&quot;&lt;br&gt;|涙の種、笑顔の花||&quot;Seed of Tears, Flower of Smile&quot;}} || April 29, 2009 || 23,383 || 38,932 || Ending Song of ''[[Gurren Lagann|Gekijoban Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann: Lagann Hen]]''
|-
| {{Nihongo4|&quot;Kokoro no Antenna&quot;&lt;br&gt;|心のアンテナ|Kokoro no Antena|&quot;Antenna of the Heart&quot;}} || July 15, 2009 || 13,533 || 21,954 || Ending Song of ''[[Pokémon: Arceus and the Jewel of Life]]''.
A special edition of the single features {{Nihongo4|&quot;Moe yo, Gizamimi Pichu!&quot;|もえよ ギザみみピチュー!|Moeyo Gizamimi Pichū!|&quot;Get Fired Up, Spiky-Eared Pichu!&quot;}}, an ending song for ''[[Pokémon the Series: Diamond and Pearl]]''
|-
| {{Nihongo4|&quot;Arigatō no Egao&quot;&lt;br&gt;|「ありがとうの笑顔」||&quot;Thank you Smile&quot;}} || October 14, 2009 || 12,407 || 15,027 || Contains the Ending Song of the Japanese Version of ''[[Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film)|Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs]]'' (&quot;Rainbow Forecast&quot;) and Shokotan's version of ''[[Yawara! A Fashionable Judo Girl]]'' second opening song (&quot;Ame ni Kiss no Hanataba o&quot;).
|-
| &quot;RAY OF LIGHT&quot; || April 28, 2010 || 12,977 || 22,637 || Fifth ending theme for ''[[Fullmetal Alchemist#Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood|Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood]]''
|-
| {{Nihongo4|&quot;Flying Humanoid&quot;&lt;br&gt;|フライングヒューマノイド|Furaingu Hyūmanoido}} || August 18, 2010 || 13,217 || 17,729 || Opening theme for ''[[Occult Academy]]''
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Sakurairo&quot;&lt;br&gt;|桜色||&quot;Cherry Blossom Pink&quot;}} || April 6, 2011 || 6,506 || 9,006 || Original song
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Tsuyogari&quot;&lt;br&gt;|つよがり||&quot;Show of Courage&quot;}} || June 8, 2011 || 12,729 || 15,212 || Second ending theme for ''[[Beelzebub (manga)#Anime|Beelzebub]]''
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Horoscope&quot;&lt;br&gt;|ホロスコープ|Horosukōpu}} || January 11, 2012 || || 8,156 || Theme song for TV show ''[[Uchikuru!?]]''
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Zoku Konton&quot;&lt;br&gt;|続混沌||&quot;Continued Chaos&quot;}} || June 5, 2013 || || – || Theme song for game ''[[H.a.n.d.#List of works|Sennen Yusha: Tokiwatari no Tomoshibito]]''
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Sakasama Sekai/Once Upon a Time (Kibō no Uta)&quot;&lt;br&gt;|さかさま世界/Once Upon a Time -キボウノウタ-||&quot;Upsidedown World/Once Upon a Time (Song of Hope)&quot;}}  || December 11, 2013 || || – || &quot;Sakasama Sekai&quot; as theme song for game ''[[Puzzle &amp; Dragons Z]]'' and &quot;Once Upon a Time (Kibō no Uta)&quot; as the opening for the Japanese broadcast of ''[[Once Upon a Time (TV series)|Once Upon a Time]]''
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;DoriDori&quot;&lt;br&gt;|ドリドリ||&quot;Dream Dream&quot;}} || February 18, 2015 || || 16,180 || Ending theme for ''[[Pokémon the Series: XY|Pokémon XY]]'' anime
|-
| &quot;Blue Moon&quot; || November 28, 2018 || 19,183 || || Second ending theme for ''[[Zoids Wild]]''
|-
| &quot;Furefure&quot; || September 9, 2020 || 3,275 ||  || Second ending theme for ''[[The Genie Family|Genie Family 2020]]''
|-
|&quot;I like you just the way you are.&quot;
(君のまんまがいいんだよ)
|March 9, 2022
|
|
|Movie Shimajiro &quot;Shimajiro and Kirakira Oukoku no Oujisama&quot; theme song
|}

===Mga Solo pigtarabangan===
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Titulo !! Petsa pinaluwas !! BVenta sa enot na semana !! Total na benta !! Impormasyon
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Love Letter From Canada&quot;&lt;br&gt;|カナダからの手紙|Kanada Kara no tegami}} || March 10, 2013 || || || Theme song of ''Uchikuru!?''&lt;br&gt;Featured artist with Hideyuki Nakayama
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Nuigulumar Z&quot;&lt;br&gt;|ヌイグルマーZ|Nuigurumā Zetto}} || January 22, 2014 || || – || For the movie ''[[Gothic Lolita Battle Bear]]''&lt;br&gt;Featured artist with [[Tokusatsu (band)|Tokusatsu]]
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Kira-kira Go Around&quot;&lt;br&gt;|キラキラ-go-round|}} || July 23, 2014 || || – || For the movie ''[[Bodacious Space Pirates: Abyss of Hyperspace]]''&lt;br&gt;Featured artist with [[angela (band)|angela]]
|-
| &quot;PUNCH LINE!&quot; || April 29, 2015 || 15,838 || 22,754 || Collaboration with [[Dempagumi.inc]]. Opening theme for ''[[Punchline (anime)|Punch Line]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-02-18/shokotan-dempagumi.inc-to-perform-punch-line-anime-theme-song/.85123|title = Shokotan, Dempagumi.inc to Perform Punch Line Anime's Theme Song| date=May 18, 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Mugen Blanc/Noir&quot;&lt;br&gt;|無限∞ブランノワール|Mugen ∞ Buran Nowāru}} || October 28, 2015 || || 11,958 || Collaboration with [[Sachiko Kobayashi]]. Theme song for game ''Mugen Knights''
|-
| &quot;Magical Circle&quot; || November 17, 2017 || – || – || Collaboration with Technoboys Pulcraft Green-Fund. Second Ending Song for the third series of [[Magical Circle Guru Guru]].
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Mister Darlin'&quot;&lt;br&gt;|ミスター・ダーリン}} || November 7, 2018|| – || – || Featuring artist CHiCO with HoneyWorks
|-
| {{nihongo4|&quot;Kaze to Issho ni&quot;&lt;br&gt;|風といっしょに}} || July 10, 2019|| – || – || Collaboration with Sachiko Kobayashi. A theme song for the anime movie Pokémon the Movie: Mewtwo Strikes Back EVOLUTION
|}

===Cover album===
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Title !! Release date !! First week sales !!Total sales
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shokotan Cover: Anison ni Koi o Shite.''&lt;br&gt;|しょこたん☆かばー ～アニソンに恋をして。～|Shokotan Kabā ~Anison ni Koi o Shite.~|&lt;br&gt;&quot;In Love with Anime Songs.&quot;}} || May 2, 2007 || 12,579 || 31,501
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shokotan Cover Cover: Anison ni Ai o Komete!!''&lt;br&gt;|しょこたん☆かばー×2 ～アニソンに愛を込めて!!～|Shokotan Kabā Kabā ~Anison ni Ai o Komete~|&lt;br&gt;&quot;Full of Love for Anime Songs!!&quot;}} || September 19, 2007 || 17,836 || 23,964
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shokotan Cover 3: Anison wa Jinrui o Tsunagu''&lt;br&gt;|しょこたん☆かばー 3 ～アニソンは人類をつなぐ～|Shokotan Kabā 3 ~Anison wa Jinrui o Tsunagu~|&lt;br&gt;&quot;Anime Songs Connect Mankind&quot;}} || March 10, 2010 || 15,343 || –
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shokotan Cover 4-1: Shoko Idol Hen''&lt;br&gt;|しょこたん☆かばー4-1 ～しょこ☆ドル篇～|Shokotan Kabā 4-1 ~Shoko Doru Hen~|&lt;br&gt;&quot;Shoko Idol Part&quot;}} || October 12, 2011 ||  ||
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shokotan Cover 4-2: Shoko Rock Hen''&lt;br&gt;|しょこたん☆かばー4-2 ～しょこ☆ロック篇～|Shokotan Kabā 4-2 ~Shoko Rokku Hen~|&lt;br&gt;&quot;Shoko Rock Part&quot;}} || October 12, 2011 ||  ||
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''&quot;Tokyo Shoko Land 2014: RPG-teki Michi no Kioku&quot; Shokotan Cover Bangaihen Produced by Kohei Tanaka''&lt;br&gt;|「TOKYO SHOKO☆LAND 2014 ～RPG的 未知の記憶～」しょこたん☆かばー番外編 Produced by Kohei Tanaka||&lt;br&gt;''&quot;Tokyo Shoko Land 2014: RPG with Unknown Memories&quot; Shokotan Cover Extra Version Produced by Kohei Tanaka''}} || September 24, 2014 ||  ||
|-
|}

===Mini album===
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Titulo !! Petsa pinaluwas !! Bernta sa enot na semana !!Total na benta
|-
| {{nihongo4|''nsum: Shoko Nakagawa has Been Tried in Singing!''&lt;br&gt;|nsum～中川翔子がうたってみた！～|nsum ~Nakagawa Shoko ga Utatte Mita!~}} || August 15, 2012 || ||7,775
|-
| UCHI-SHIGOTO,SOTO-SHIGOTO!! || January 9, 2013 || ||
|}

===Best albums===
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Title !! Release date !! First week sales !!Total sales
|-
| {{nihongo4|''Shokotan Best''&lt;br&gt;|(しょこたん☆べすと——(°∀°) ——!!)|Shokotan☆Besuto}} || May 2, 2012 || || 14,203
|-
|''Super Shokotan Best''(超！しょこたん☆べすと――(°∀°)――!!)
|February 22,
2023
|
|
|}

===Album===
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Titulo !! Petsa pinaluwas !! Benta sa enot na semana !! Total na benta
|-
| ''[[Big Bang!!!]]'' || March 19, 2008 || 32,612 || 45,793
|-
| ''Magic Time'' || January 1, 2009 || 26,197 || 40,015
|-
| ''Cosmic Inflation'' || October 6, 2010 || 14,453 || 21,459
|-
| ''9lives'' || April 2, 2014 || – || –
|-
| ''RGB ~True Color~'' || December 4, 2019 || – || –
|}

===Iba pang mga kanta===
*&quot;Moeyo Giza Mimi Pichū!&quot; (Ending for ''[[Pokémon the Series: Diamond and Pearl]]'')
*&quot;Dori Dori&quot; (Ending for ''[[Pokémon the Series: XY]]'')
*&quot;Kaze to isshu ni&quot; (Ending for ''[[Pokémon: Mewtwo Strikes Back—Evolution]]'')
*&quot;Taipu: Wairudo&quot; (Ending for ''[[Pokémon the Series: Sun &amp; Moon]]'')

==Printed media==

===Photobook===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Titulo!! Petsa pinaluwas !! Kagpublikar !! ISBN !! [[Photobook]] impormasyon
|-
| ''Jewel Box'' || April 1, 2004 || Ascom || {{ISBN|978-4-7762-0147-2}} || First photobook
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''In a mysterious daze''|&lt;small&gt;不思議に夢中&lt;/small&gt;|&lt;small&gt;Fushigi ni Muchū&lt;/small&gt;}} || July 25, 2005 || [[Wani Magazine]] || {{ISBN|978-4-89829-798-8}} || Second photobook
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shoko et Mikanne''|&lt;small&gt;中川翔子x蜷川実花（しょこれみかんぬ）&lt;/small&gt;|&lt;small&gt;Shokoremikanu&lt;/small&gt;}} || April 15, 2007 || [[Wani Books]] || {{ISBN|978-4-8470-3000-0}} || Third photobook
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shoko a la mode''|&lt;small&gt;しょこア・ラ・モード—&lt;/small&gt;|&lt;small&gt;Shokoa ra mōdō&lt;/small&gt;}} || November 25, 2008 || Shufu-to-Seikatsu-sha || {{ISBN|978-4-391-13707-1}} || Guide on how to use cosmetics/dress up doll
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Miracle Sketch – Nakagawa Shoko Illust Sakuhinshu''|&lt;small&gt;ミラクルスケッチ 中川翔子イラスト作品集&lt;/small&gt;|&lt;small&gt;Miracle Sketch – Nakagawa Shoko Illust Sakuhinshu&lt;/small&gt;}} || January 23, 2010 || [[Yosensha]] || {{ISBN|978-4862485137}} || A collection of illustrations by Shoko Nakagawa
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Nakagawa Shoko Monogatari – Sorairo Days''|&lt;small&gt;中川翔子物語~空色デイズ~&lt;/small&gt;}} || July 16, 2010 || Kodansha || {{ISBN|978-4063642742}} || A manga about the life of Shoko Nakagawa from her childhood. The limited edition contains an extra book with pictures and a pencil box.
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shoko Nakagawa x Mika Ninagawa Photobook &quot;Shoko et Mikanne2 &quot;''|&lt;small&gt;中川翔子×蜷川実花写真集 『 しょこれみかんぬ 2 』&lt;/small&gt;}} || January 28, 2011 || Wani Books || {{ISBN|978-4847043390}} || Second collaboration with Mika Ninagawa.
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Saipan hatsu, Nakano keiyu Mirai iki-Nakagawa Shoko Giza 10-''|&lt;small&gt;サイパン発、中野経由、未来行き 中川翔子 ギザ10&lt;/small&gt;}} || May 30, 2012 || Kodansha || {{ISBN|978-4-06-364889-8}} ||
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shoko-Pedia Nakagawa Shoko Ongakukatsudo Dai Ikki Kiroku Shu''|&lt;small&gt;中川翔子音楽活動第一期記録集10&lt;/small&gt;}} || January 25, 2013 || Enterbrain || {{ISBN|978-4047287440}} || Contains Interviews from the beginning of her career until 2013 and many pictures.
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Nakagawa Shoko Pokemon ga Ikiru Imi o Oshietekureta Shogakkan Visual Mook''|&lt;small&gt;ポケモンが生きる意味を教えてくれた&lt;/small&gt;}} || July 10, 2013 || Shogakukan || {{ISBN|978-4091032287}} ||
|-
|}

===Mga Blog===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Title !! Issue date !! Publisher !! ISBN !! Notes
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shokotan Official Blog''|&lt;small&gt;しょこたんぶろぐ・中川翔子＊オフィシャル BLOG＊&lt;/small&gt;}} || October 10, 2005 || Goma Books || {{ISBN|4-7771-0210-6}} || Entries from November 2004 to August 2005
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shokotan Official Blog 2 ''|&lt;small&gt;しょこたんぶろぐ・中川翔子＊オフィシャル BLOG 2 ＊&lt;/small&gt;}} || November 10, 2006 || Goma Books || {{ISBN|4-7771-0487-7}} || Entries from September 2005 to August 2006
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shokotan Blog Days of Desire''|&lt;small&gt;しょこたんぶろぐ貪欲デイズ&lt;/small&gt;}} || January 25, 2008 || Kadokawa Group Publishing || {{ISBN|978-4-04-895012-1}} || Entries from October 2006 to December 2007
|-
| {{Nihongo4|''Shokotan Blog Cho Donyoku Days ''|&lt;small&gt;しょこたんぶろぐ 超貪欲デイズ&lt;/small&gt;}} || January 16, 2010 || Kadokawa Group Publishing || {{ISBN|978-4-04-895069-5}} || Entries from March 2008 to October 2009
|-
|}

==Toltolan==
{{Reflist}}

==Mga panluwas na takod==
{{Commons category|Shoko Nakagawa}}

*{{Twitter|shoko55mmts}}
*{{Instagram|shoko55mmts}}
*[https://www.youtube.com/@shokonakagawaSMEJ Shoko Nakagawa OFFICIAL YouTube CHANNEL] on YouTube (in Japanese, mainly music videos)
*[https://www.youtube.com/@shokotan_wo Shoko Nakagawa's &quot;wo&quot;] on YouTube (in Japanese, game play, food repo, makeup, etc.)

{{Shoko Nakagawa}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nakagawa, Shoko}}
[[Category:1985 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Actresses from Tokyo]]
[[Category:Japanese bloggers]]
[[Category:Japanese women television personalities]]
[[Category:Japanese women pop singers]]
[[Category:Japanese women rock singers]]
[[Category:Japanese idols]]
[[Category:Japanese gravure models]]
[[Category:Japanese film actresses]]
[[Category:Japanese lyricists]]
[[Category:Japanese television actresses]]
[[Category:Japanese video game actresses]]
[[Category:Japanese voice actresses]]
[[Category:Mandarin-language singers of Japan]]
[[Category:Cosplayers]]
[[Category:Sony Music Entertainment Japan artists]]
[[Category:Singers from Tokyo]]
[[Category:Anime singers]]
[[Category:Pokémon]]
[[Category:Japanese women bloggers]]
[[Category:Watanabe Entertainment]]
[[Category:20th-century Japanese actresses]]
[[Category:21st-century Japanese actresses]]
[[Category:21st-century Japanese singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Japanese women singers]]</text>
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    <title>Tommaso Gasparotti</title>
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      <text bytes="1814" sha1="bb5sefb2d97rbknzelp8dh8ybpo1y9f" xml:space="preserve">Si '''Tommaso Gasparotti''' (1785 &amp;ndash; Desyembre 1847)  [[Italians|Italyano]]ng pararawit, pintor,  [[paleography|paleograpo]] asin bibibliopilong arkibista sa [[Parma]], Italya. 
[[File:Tommaso Gasparotti.jpg|thumb|''Portrait of Tommaso Gasparotti'' ni [[Giovanni Battista Borghesi]]]]

Siya namundag sa [[Parma]], aki nin sarong pintor, na nag'adal asin nagpiyon ki [[Biagio Martini]]. Siya nag-training man ki Martini kadurungan si [[Giovanni Battista Borghesi]]. Siya nag'adal man nin antigong Latin asin Italyanong inskripsyon. Siya mahusay sa inaapod na manuscript illumination. Kan 1808, iya nagtrabaho sa  Archivio Farnesiano sa Parma, asin igdi nagin direktor poon 1814 sagkod na siya binawian na nin buhay.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.museolombardi.it/sitolombardi/museolombardi/right.asp?IDTipologia=4&amp;IDOpera=45 Museo Glauco Lombardi]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Archivio Gasparotti, cont. 46/bis, fasc. 2, short bio by [[Glauco Lombardi]].&lt;/ref&gt; He organized the state archive of Parma, including its diplomatic correspondence.&lt;ref&gt;[https://archives.cendari.dariah.eu/index.php/r1g99 Cendari collective]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Collaborative European Digital Archive Infrastructure.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Toltolan==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{KEFAULTSORT:Gasparotti, Tommaso}}
[[Kategorya:Mga 1785 na kamundagan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga 1847 na kagadanan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga parasurat haleng Parma]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ika-19ng siglong mga Italyanong pintor]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ika-19ng siglong mga Italyanong lalaking mga artista]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Italyanong lalaking mga pintor]]
[[Kategorya:Mga pintor haleng Parma]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Italyanong mga palaeograpo]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Italyanong mga librarians]]
[[en:Tommaso Gasparotti]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>The Shadows, Kith and Kin</title>
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      <text bytes="2297" sha1="tnl6gy80m81vqo3pf8731nr7gmr6ddh" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox book|
|name       =The Shadows, Kith and Kin
|image      =The Shadows Kith and Kin.jpg
|caption='''Artwork by [[Mark A. Nelson]]'''
|author     =[[Joe R. Lansdale]]
|illustrator=
|cover_artist=[[Mark A. Nelson]]
|country    =United States
|language   =English
|series     =
|genre      =[[Horror fiction|Horror]], short story collection
|publisher  =[[Subterranean Press]] 
|pub_date   =2007
|media_type =Print hardcover, [[limited edition]]
|pages      =287
|isbn       =978-1-59606-081-4
|preceded_by=[[The God of the Razor]] (2007)
|followed_by=[[Sanctified and Chicken-Fried]] (2009)}}

An '''''The Shadows, Kith and Kin''''' sarong kadamotazn nin mga halipot na istoryang piksyon ni [[Joe R. Lansdale]], napublikar kan 2007 sa [[limited edition book|limitadong edisyon]] kan [[Subterranean Press]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://subterraneanpress.com/store/product_detail/the_shadows_kith_and_kin|title=Subterranean Press Home page}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; An librong ini haloy nang napaubos.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.booksquawk.com/2010/12/shadows-kith-and-kin.html|title = The Shadows, Kith and Kin}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nilalaman:

* A Quick Author's Note
* &quot;The Shadows, Kith and Kin&quot;
* &quot;Deadman's Road&quot;
* &quot;The Long Dead Day&quot;
* &quot;White Mule, Spotted Pig&quot;
* &quot;Bill, the Little Steam Shovel&quot; (illustrated by Mark A. Nelson)
* &quot;Alone&quot; (with Melissa Mia Hall)
* &quot;The Events Concerning a Nude Fold-Out Found in a [[Harlequin Romance]]&quot;
* &quot;The Gentleman's Hotel&quot;

&quot;The Events Concerning a Nude Fold-Out Found in a Harlequin Romance&quot; dati nakabali sa saiyang 1993 paperback na koleksyon ''[[Bestsellers Guaranteed]]''. Ini man napabali sa ''[[Electric Gumbo]]'' (1994) asin ''[[The Long Ones]]'' (1999).

==Toltolan==
{{reflist}}

==Mga panluwas na takod==
*[http://joerlansdale.com Author's Official Website]
*[http://subterraneanpress.com Publisher's Website]

{{Joe R. Lansdale}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shadows, Kith And Kin, The}}
[[Kategorya:Mga halipot na istorya ni Joe R. Lansdale]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Ingles-tataramon na mga libro]]
[[Kategorya:Mga 2007 na halipot na osipon na koleksyn]]
[[Kategorya:Horror na halipot na osipon na koleksyons]]
[[Kategorya:Mga libro kan Subterranean Press]]
[[en:The Shadows, Kith and Kin]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Simon Elkyngton</title>
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Si '''Simon Elkyngton''' iyo an sarong [[Parlamento nin Inglaterra|myembro kan Parlamento]] representado an [[Great Grimsby (UK Parliament constituency)|Great Grimsby]] kan 1421 asin 1422. Siya nagin alkalde kan banwaan kan 1429–30 asin 1440–41.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/constituencies/grimsby Great Grimsby] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241106111227/https://historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/constituencies/grimsby |date=2024-11-06 }} The History of Parliament. Retrieved 25 October 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member/elkyngton-simon ELKYNGTON, Simon, of Grimsby, Lincs.]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} The History of Parliament. Retrieved 25 October 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Toltolan ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Elkyngton, Simon}}
[[Kategorya:Taon nin pagkamundag dai isi]]
[[Kategorya:Taon pagkagadan dai isi]]
[[Kategorya:Mga alkalde nin Grimsby]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Ingles na MPs May 1421]]
[[Kategorya:Mga myembro kan Parlamento nin Inglaterra (pre-1707) para sa Great Grimsby]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Ingles na MPs 1422]]
[[en:Simon Elkyngton]]
{{1422-England-MP-stub}}
{{May1421-England-MP-stub}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tove Nilsen</title>
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      <comment>Pinagmukna an pahina kaining &quot;{{Infobox person | name = Tove Nilsen | image = Tove Nilsen.jpg | caption = An autor si Tove Nilsen | birth_name =  | birth_date = {{Birth date and age |1952|10|25|df=y}} | birth_place =  | death_date =  | death_place =  | death_cause =  | resting_place =  | monuments =  | other_names =  | education =  | alma_mater =  | occupation = Nobelista, pang-aking parasurat, asin kritiko litararyo | years_active =  | employer =  | organization =  | known_for =  | spouse...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="2635" sha1="glmu4c35bzljowr0cd8j9jclbxljl41" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name = Tove Nilsen
| image = Tove Nilsen.jpg
| caption = An autor si Tove Nilsen
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age |1952|10|25|df=y}}
| birth_place = 
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| death_cause = 
| resting_place = 
| monuments = 
| other_names = 
| education = 
| alma_mater = 
| occupation = Nobelista, pang-aking parasurat, asin kritiko litararyo
| years_active = 
| employer = 
| organization = 
| known_for = 
| spouse = 
| partner = 
| children = 
| father = 
| mother = 
| relatives = 
| awards =  [[Riksmål Society Literature Prize]] &lt;small&gt;(1993)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;br/&gt; [[Amalie Skram Prize]] (2011)
}}
{{Portal |Children's literature}}

Si '''Tove Nilsen''' (namundag 25 Oktobre 1952) sarong Norwegong [[nobelista]], [[pang-aking parasurat]] asin [[kritiko literaryo]].

==Biograpiya==
Si Nilsen nagbungsod kan saiyang literaryong trabaho kan 1974 sa enot niyang nobelang ''Aldri la dem kle deg forsvarsløst naken''. Ini an saiyang  [[panghubin na nobela]] base sa [[dormitoryong banwaan]], ''Skyskraperengler'' (1982) na nagbenta nanggad.&lt;ref name=snl&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2007 |title=Tove Nilsen |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor=Henriksen, Petter |editor-link=Petter Henriksen |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo  |url=https://www.snl.no/Tove_Nilsen |language=Norwegian | accessdate=26 March 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Siya nagawadan kan [[Riksmål Society Literature Prize]] kan 1993. An nobela niyang ''Øyets sult'' (1993) nanominar para sa [[Nordic Council's Literature Prize]].&lt;ref name=nbl&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|title=Tove Nilsen|year=2003|volume=6|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|editor=[[Knut Helle|Helle, Knut]]| first=Tom| last=Lotherington| authorlink=Tom Lotherington | url=https://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Tove_Nilsen/utdypning|language=Norwegian|accessdate=26 March 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Siya nagawadan man kan [[Amalie Skram Prize]] kan 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|title=Amalie Skram-prisen |first=Vidar |last=Iversen |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Brodal | editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=https://www.snl.no/Amalie_Skram-prisen |language=no|access-date=21 March 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Toltolan==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nilsen, Tove}}
[[Kategorya:Mga 1952 na kamundagan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Buruhay]]
[[Kategorya:Mga parasurat haleng Oslo]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ika-20ng siglong mga Norwegong nobelista]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ika-21ng sioglong mga Norwegong nobelista]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Norwegong pang-aking mga parasurat]]


{{Norway-novelist-stub}}</text>
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      <text bytes="2652" sha1="0aeiuyhfd0nib1w1n2z9nvichv9r5ri" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name = Tove Nilsen
| image = Tove Nilsen.jpg
| caption = An autor si Tove Nilsen
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age |1952|10|25|df=y}}
| birth_place = 
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| death_cause = 
| resting_place = 
| monuments = 
| other_names = 
| education = 
| alma_mater = 
| occupation = Nobelista, pang-aking parasurat, asin kritiko litararyo
| years_active = 
| employer = 
| organization = 
| known_for = 
| spouse = 
| partner = 
| children = 
| father = 
| mother = 
| relatives = 
| awards =  [[Riksmål Society Literature Prize]] &lt;small&gt;(1993)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;br/&gt; [[Amalie Skram Prize]] (2011)
}}
{{Portal |Children's literature}}

Si '''Tove Nilsen''' (namundag 25 Oktobre 1952) sarong Norwegong [[nobelista]], [[pang-aking parasurat]] asin [[kritiko literaryo]].

==Biograpiya==
Si Nilsen nagbungsod kan saiyang literaryong trabaho kan 1974 sa enot niyang nobelang ''Aldri la dem kle deg forsvarsløst naken''. Ini an saiyang  [[panghubin na nobela]] base sa [[dormitoryong banwaan]], ''Skyskraperengler'' (1982) na nagbenta nanggad.&lt;ref name=snl&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |year=2007 |title=Tove Nilsen |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor=Henriksen, Petter |editor-link=Petter Henriksen |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo  |url=https://www.snl.no/Tove_Nilsen |language=Norwegian | accessdate=26 March 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Siya nagawadan kan [[Riksmål Society Literature Prize]] kan 1993. An nobela niyang ''Øyets sult'' (1993) nanominar para sa [[Nordic Council's Literature Prize]].&lt;ref name=nbl&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|title=Tove Nilsen|year=2003|volume=6|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|editor=[[Knut Helle|Helle, Knut]]| first=Tom| last=Lotherington| authorlink=Tom Lotherington | url=https://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Tove_Nilsen/utdypning|language=Norwegian|accessdate=26 March 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; Siya nagawadan man kan [[Amalie Skram Prize]] kan 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|title=Amalie Skram-prisen |first=Vidar |last=Iversen |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Brodal | editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=https://www.snl.no/Amalie_Skram-prisen |language=no|access-date=21 March 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Toltolan==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nilsen, Tove}}
[[Kategorya:Mga 1952 na kamundagan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Buruhay]]
[[Kategorya:Mga parasurat haleng Oslo]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ika-20ng siglong mga Norwegong nobelista]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ika-21ng sioglong mga Norwegong nobelista]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Norwegong pang-aking mga parasurat]]
[[en:Tove Nilsen]]
{{Norway-novelist-stub}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Vladimir Romashkov</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>56248</id>
    <revision>
      <id>305115</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-04T17:29:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Poropot777</username>
        <id>30297</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Pinagmukna an pahina kaining &quot;Si '''Vladimir Fyodorovich Romashkov''' ({{langx|ru|Владимир Фёдорович Ромашков}}; 2 Hulyo 1862 – 5 Oktpbre 1939)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Владимир Ромашков |url=https://www.kino-teatr.ru/kino/acter/m/sov/46419/bio/ |access-date=25 April 2024 |work=Кино-Театр.Ру |date=21 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; sarong Rusong aktor asin direktor sa teatro asin pelikula.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Владимир Ромашков. За...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="1742" sha1="26fkp1dz3v4u5ylukd13d175mp3ar8c" xml:space="preserve">Si '''Vladimir Fyodorovich Romashkov''' ({{langx|ru|Владимир Фёдорович Ромашков}}; 2 Hulyo 1862 – 5 Oktpbre 1939)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Владимир Ромашков |url=https://www.kino-teatr.ru/kino/acter/m/sov/46419/bio/ |access-date=25 April 2024 |work=Кино-Театр.Ру |date=21 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; sarong Rusong aktor asin direktor sa teatro asin pelikula.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Владимир Ромашков. За кулисами. Автобиография - Искусство кино |url=https://old.kinoart.ru/archive/2008/11/n11-article3 |website=old.kinoart.ru |access-date=25 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; Siya an nagin direktor kan enot na [[sinemang Ruso]]ng naratibong pelikulang ''[[Stenka Razin (pelikula)|''Stenka Razin'']]'', pinagpaluwas kan Oktobre 15 (Oktobre 28), 1908.&lt;ref&gt;Graffy, Julian. 2008. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1386/srsc.2.3.327_7 &quot;A hundred years of Russian film: the forgotten and the under-rated.&quot;] ''Studies In Russian &amp; Soviet Cinema'' 2, no. 3: 327-329. Art Full Text (H.W. Wilson), EBSCOhost (accessed March 4, 2021).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt; ''The Cambridge Companion to Twentieth-Century Russian Literature''. [https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-companion-to-twentiethcentury-russian-literature/literature-and-film/E440D65BE0C35A8D799AD3337E066D4C 13 - Literature and Film]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Toltolan==
&lt;references /&gt;


{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Romashkov, Vladimir}}
[[Kategorya:Mga 1862 na kamundagan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga 1939 na kagadanan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga tawong taga Astrakhan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga direktor sa pelikula haleng Imperyong Ruso]]
[[Kategorya:Mga ika-19ng siglong mga lalaking aktor haleng Imperyong Ruso]]


{{Russia-film-director-stub}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Frank Murphy Jr.</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>56250</id>
    <revision>
      <id>305132</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-05T03:19:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>30297</id>
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      <comment>Pinagmukna an pahina kaining &quot;{{Infobox officeholder | name            = Frank Murphy Jr. | image           = | image_size      = 180px | state_assembly  = California | district        = [[California's 28th State Assembly district|28th]] | term            = December 2, 1974 – November 30, 1976 | preceded        = [[Raymond Joseph Gonzales]] | succeeded       = [[Henry J. Mello]] | state_assembly1 = California | district1       = [[California's 31st State Assembly district|31st]] | term1...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="2165" sha1="p08lea5xdx601sx42l5rqv5k6x19l1w" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| name            = Frank Murphy Jr.
| image           =
| image_size      = 180px
| state_assembly  = California
| district        = [[California's 28th State Assembly district|28th]]
| term            = December 2, 1974 – November 30, 1976
| preceded        = [[Raymond Joseph Gonzales]]
| succeeded       = [[Henry J. Mello]]
| state_assembly1 = California
| district1       = [[California's 31st State Assembly district|31st]]
| term1           = January 2, 1967 – November 30, 1974
| preceded1       = [[Gordon H. Winton]]
| succeeded1      = [[Ernest N. Mobley]]
| birth_name      = 
| birth_date      = {{birth date|1934|1|19}}
| birth_place     = [[Santa Cruz, California]], U.S.
| death_date      = Desyembre 15, 2022
| death_place     = [[Tucson, Arizona]], U.S.
| party           = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| occupation      = Lawyer
| alma_mater      = 
| branch          = {{flag|United States Navy}} 
}}

Si '''John Francis Murphy Jr.''' (Enero 19, 1934 – Desyembre 15, 2022) sarong Amerikanong politiko sa estado nin California. Siya nagsirbe sa [[California State Assembly]] komo Republikano para sa ika-31 asin ika-28ng distrito poon 1967 abot 1976.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Frank J. Murphy Jr.|url=http://www.joincalifornia.com/candidate/5737|website=joincalifornia.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Members of the California Legislature and Other State Officials|year = 1973|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dIAkAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=Frank+Murphy+Jr.+1934+santa+cruz}}&lt;/ref&gt; Murphy died in [[Tucson, Arizona]] on December 15, 2022, at the age of 88.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=John Francis &quot;Frank&quot; Murphy
 |url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/sacbee/name/john-murphy-obituary?id=38671990 |website=Legacy |access-date=26 October 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Toltolan==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Murphy, Frank Jr}}
[[Kategorya:1934 births]]
[[Kategorya:2022 deaths]]
[[Kategorya:Republican Party members of the California State Assembly]]
[[Kategorya:20th-century members of the California State Legislature]]
[[Kategorya:Politicians from Santa Cruz, California]]a

{{California-CAAssembly-stub}}</text>
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      <text bytes="2200" sha1="2kv49hu7ud5j9vw5jbiymev1y11trp7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| name            = Frank Murphy Jr.
| image           =
| image_size      = 180px
| state_assembly  = California
| district        = [[California's 28th State Assembly district|28th]]
| term            = December 2, 1974 – November 30, 1976
| preceded        = [[Raymond Joseph Gonzales]]
| succeeded       = [[Henry J. Mello]]
| state_assembly1 = California
| district1       = [[California's 31st State Assembly district|31st]]
| term1           = Enero 2, 1967 – November 30, 1974
| preceded1       = [[Gordon H. Winton]]
| succeeded1      = [[Ernest N. Mobley]]
| birth_name      = 
| birth_date      = {{birth date|1934|1|19}}
| birth_place     = [[Santa Cruz, California]], U.S.
| death_date      = Desyembre 15, 2022
| death_place     = [[Tucson, Arizona]], U.S.
| party           = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republikano]]
| occupation      = Abogado
| alma_mater      = 
| branch          = {{flag|United States Navy}} 
}}

Si '''John Francis Murphy Jr.''' (Enero 19, 1934 – Desyembre 15, 2022) sarong Amerikanong politiko sa estado nin California. Siya nagsirbe sa [[California State Assembly]] komo Republikano para sa ika-31 asin ika-28ng distrito poon 1967 abot 1976.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Frank J. Murphy Jr.|url=http://www.joincalifornia.com/candidate/5737|website=joincalifornia.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Members of the California Legislature and Other State Officials|year = 1973|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dIAkAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=Frank+Murphy+Jr.+1934+santa+cruz}}&lt;/ref&gt; Murphy died in [[Tucson, Arizona]] on December 15, 2022, at the age of 88.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=John Francis &quot;Frank&quot; Murphy
 |url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/sacbee/name/john-murphy-obituary?id=38671990 |website=Legacy |access-date=26 October 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Toltolan==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Murphy, Frank Jr}}
[[Kategorya:Mga 1934 na kamundagan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga 2022 na kagadanan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga myembro kan Partido Republikano sa California State Assembly]]
[[Kategorya:Ika-20ng siglong mga myembro sa California State Legislature]]
[[Kategorya:Mga politikong taga Santa Cruz, California]]a

{{California-CAAssembly-stub}}</text>
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      <text bytes="2198" sha1="skvhn1nocm28h4p6l63gdd2chmnvbab" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| name            = Frank Murphy Jr.
| image           =
| image_size      = 180px
| state_assembly  = California
| district        = [[California's 28th State Assembly district|28th]]
| term            = December 2, 1974 – November 30, 1976
| preceded        = [[Raymond Joseph Gonzales]]
| succeeded       = [[Henry J. Mello]]
| state_assembly1 = California
| district1       = [[California's 31st State Assembly district|31st]]
| term1           = Enero 2, 1967 – November 30, 1974
| preceded1       = [[Gordon H. Winton]]
| succeeded1      = [[Ernest N. Mobley]]
| birth_name      = 
| birth_date      = {{birth date|1934|1|19}}
| birth_place     = [[Santa Cruz, California]], U.S.
| death_date      = Desyembre 15, 2022
| death_place     = [[Tucson, Arizona]], U.S.
| party           = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republikano]]
| occupation      = Abogado
| alma_mater      = 
| branch          = {{flag|United States Navy}} 
}}

Si '''John Francis Murphy Jr.''' (Enero 19, 1934 – Desyembre 15, 2022) sarong Amerikanong politiko sa estado nin California. Siya nagsirbe sa [[California State Assembly]] komo Republikano para sa ika-31 asin ika-28ng distrito poon 1967 abot 1976.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Frank J. Murphy Jr.|url=http://www.joincalifornia.com/candidate/5737|website=joincalifornia.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Members of the California Legislature and Other State Officials|year = 1973|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dIAkAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=Frank+Murphy+Jr.+1934+santa+cruz}}&lt;/ref&gt; Murphy died in [[Tucson, Arizona]] on December 15, 2022, at the age of 88.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=John Francis &quot;Frank&quot; Murphy
 |url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/sacbee/name/john-murphy-obituary?id=38671990 |website=Legacy |access-date=26 October 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Toltolan==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Murphy, Frank Jr}}
[[Kategorya:Mga 1934 na kamundagan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga 2022 na kagadanan]]
[[Kategorya:Mga myembro kan Partido Republikano sa California State Assembly]]
[[Kategorya:Ika-20ng siglong mga myembro sa California State Legislature]]
[[Kategorya:Mga politikong taga Santa Cruz, California]]
{{California-CAAssembly-stub}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Gary Trousdale</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>56251</id>
    <revision>
      <id>305135</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-05T04:46:33Z</timestamp>
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        <username>~2026-21800-52</username>
        <id>30964</id>
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      <comment>Pinagmukna an pahina kaining &quot;Si Gary Trousdale (born June 8, 1960) sarong Amerikanong entrepreneur, animador, aktor sa boses, prodyuser nin pelikula, tagamukna nin mga programa sa telebisyon, asin pilantropo. [[File:Gary Trousdale.jpg|thumb]]  ==Filmography== {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; |-  style=&quot;background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;&quot; ! Year ! Film ! Position ! Notes |- | rowspan=3|1985 | ''[[The Black Cauldron (film)|The Black Cauldron]]'' | [[Inbetweening|Inbetween]] effects artist | |- | ''...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="2490" sha1="9p6x7ydb03h5ari0myivd0xc8lxadnt" xml:space="preserve">Si Gary Trousdale (born June 8, 1960) sarong Amerikanong entrepreneur, animador, aktor sa boses, prodyuser nin pelikula, tagamukna nin mga programa sa telebisyon, asin pilantropo. [[File:Gary Trousdale.jpg|thumb]]

==Filmography==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-  style=&quot;background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;&quot;
! Year
! Film
! Position
! Notes
|-
| rowspan=3|1985
| ''[[The Black Cauldron (film)|The Black Cauldron]]''
| [[Inbetweening|Inbetween]] effects artist
|
|-
| ''[[My Science Project]]''
| Effects animator
| 
|-
| ''Homania''
| Character Designer / Animator
| 
|-
| 1988
| ''[[Oliver &amp; Company]]''
| Story
|
|-
|rowspan=2|1989
| ''[[The Little Mermaid (1989 film)|The Little Mermaid]]''
| Storyboard artist
| 
|-
| ''[[Cranium Command]]''
| Opening Sequence Director
| 
|-
| rowspan=2|1990
| ''[[The Rescuers Down Under]]''
| rowspan=2|Storyboard artist
| 
|-
| ''[[The Prince and the Pauper (1990 film)|The Prince and the Pauper]]''
| 
|-
| 1991
| ''[[Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)|Beauty and the Beast]]''
| Director
| Co-directed with Kirk Wise
|-
| 1992
| ''[[Aladdin (1992 Disney film)|Aladdin]]''
| Pre-production Story Development: CGI
|
|-
| 1994
| ''[[The Lion King (1994 film)|The Lion King]]''
| Story
|
|-
| 1996
| ''[[The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996 film)|The Hunchback of Notre Dame]]''
| Director / Old Man (voice)
| rowspan=2|Co-directed with Kirk Wise
|-
| 2001
| ''[[Atlantis: The Lost Empire]]''
| Director / Story
|-
| rowspan=2|2005
| ''[[Madagascar (2005 film)|Madagascar]]''
| Storyboard artist
|
|-
|''[[The Madagascar Penguins in a Christmas Caper]]''
| Director
| Short film
|-
| 2006
| ''[[Flushed Away]]''
| Additional story artist
|
|-
| 2007
| ''[[Shrek the Halls]]''
| Director / Teleplay / Santa (voice)
| 
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Kung Fu Panda]]''
| rowspan=2|Special Thanks
| 
|-
| rowspan=2|2010
| ''[[Megamind]]''
|
|-
| ''[[Scared Shrekless]]''
| Director / Teleplay
| Television film
|-
| rowspan=2|2011
| ''[[Shrek (franchise)#Thriller Night (2011)|Thriller Night]]''
| rowspan=2|Director
| 
|-
| ''[[Shrek (franchise)#The Pig Who Cried Werewolf (2011)|The Pig Who Cried Werewolf]]''
| 
|-
| rowspan=2|2014
| ''[[Mr. Peabody &amp; Sherman]]''
| Story artist
| 
|-
| ''[[Rocky &amp; Bullwinkle (2014 film)|Rocky and Bullwinkle]]''
| Director
| Direct to video short
|-
| 2016
| ''Floyd Norman: An Animated Life''
| Himself
|
|-
| 2017
| ''[[Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)|Beauty and the Beast]]''
| Creative consultant
| 
|}

{{stub}}
[[Category:1960 births]]</text>
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