Wikipedia bclwiki https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panginot_na_Pahina MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 first-letter Medio Espesyal Olay Paragamit Olay kan paragamit Wikipedia Olay sa Wikipedia Ladawan Olay sa ladawan MediaWiki Olay sa MediaWiki Plantilya Olay sa plantilya Tabang Olay sa tabang Kategorya Olay sa kategorya TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 40 311804 309178 2026-10-24T16:54:50Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Tataramon na Katahawan na Semitiko}} {{About|pangkagabsan na tataramon (makrotataramon)|partikular na mga klase nin Arabe asin iba pang gamit|Arabe (klaripikasyon)}} {{distinguish|Amhariko|Aramaiko}} {{Infobox tataramon | name = Arabe | nativename = {{lang|ar|اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ}} ({{transl|ar|al-ʿarabiyyah}}) | pronunciation = {{IPA|ar|ˈʕarabiː||Arabi.ogg}} <br/> {{IPA|ar|al ʕaraˈbijːa||Al .ogg}} | states = an [[kinaban nin Arabo]] asin an mga nakapalibot na mga rona. | ethnicity = [[Mga Arabo]], asin lain pang [[Demograpiko kan kinaban nin Arabo|etnikong mga pugro kan kinaban nin Arabo]] | speakers = {{sigfig|410.549950|3}} milyon na subong mga parataram kan [[Mga barayti kan Arabe|mga barayti]] | date = 2020–2024 | ref = <ref name=e28>{{e28|ara}}</ref> | speakers2 = {{sigfig|69.973000|2}} milyon na [[L2 speakers|mga paragamit na L2]] kan gabos na [[Mga barayti kan Arabe|mga barayti]] (2020–2024)<ref name="arb">{{e28|ara|}}</ref> | speakers_label = Mga parataram | familycolor = Apro-asyatiko | fam2 = [[Mga tataramon na Semitiko|Semitiko]] | fam3 = [[Mga tataramon na Sulnopan na Semitiko|Sulnopan na Semitiko]] | fam4 = [[Mga tataramon na Katahawan na Semitiko|Katahawan na Semitiko]] | dia1 = [[Arabe kan Katahawan na Asya|Katahawan na Asya]] | dia2 = [[Arabe na Tsad|Tsad]] | dia3 = [[Arabe na Ehipto|Ehipto]] | dia4 = [[Arabe na Levantino|Levantino]] | dia5 = [[Arabe na Maghrebi|Maghrebi]] | dia6 = [[Arabe na Mesopotamya|Mesopotamya]] | dia7 = [[Arabe na Peninsular|Peninsular]] | dia8 = [[Arabe na Saʽidi|Saʽidi]] | dia9 = [[Arabe na Shirvani|Shirvani]] | dia10 = [[Arabe na Sudan|Sudan]] | stand1 = [[Makabagong Panusugan nin Arabe]] | script = [[Alpabetong Arabe]] {{Collapsible list|titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|title = Lain pang mga opisyal na iskritura| |[[Iskriturang Latin]] ([[Alpabetong Malta]]) }} | nation = {{Collapsible list | titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left; | title = 28 na mga estado asin mga teritoryo |[[Algerya]] |[[Bahrain]] |[[Tsad]] |[[Komoros]] |[[Djibouti]] |[[Ehipto]] |[[Eritrea]]<ref>{{Citation |title=Eritrea |date=2023-04-26 |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eritrea/ |work=The World Factbook |access-date=2023-04-29 |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |language=en |archive-date=2021-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121011902/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eritrea/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |[[Irak]] |[[Hordan]] |[[Kuwait]] |[[Lebanon]] |[[Libya]] |[[Mali]] |[[Mauritanya]] |[[Moroko]] |[[Oman]] |[[Palestina]] |[[Katar]] |[[Saudi Arabia]] |[[Somalya]] |[[Sudan]] |[[Sirya]] |[[Tunisya]] |[[United Arab Emirates]] |[[Yemen]] |[[Zanzibar]] ([[Tanzania]]) |[[Demokratikong Republika kan Arabong Sahrawi]] (parsyal na midbid na estado) ||[[Somalilandya]] (dai midbid na estado) }} {{Collapsible list | titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left; | title ='''Mga Organisasyon Internasyonal'''| |[[Union Aprikano]] |[[Liga Arabo]] |[[Organisasyon kan Kooperasyon Islamika]] |[[Naciones Unidas]] }} {{Collapsible list | titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left; | title ='''Espesyal na estado sa Konstitusyon'''| |[[Iran]]{{efn|Minimidbid kan konstitusyon kan Republika Islamika kan Iran an tataramon na Arabe bilang tataramon kan Islam, na tinatawan ini nin pormal na estado bilang tataramon kan relihiyon, asin pigreregular an paglakop kaini sa laog kan nasyonal na kurikulum kan Iran. An konstitusyon nagdedeklara sa Kapitulo II: (An Opisyal na Tataramon, Iskritura, Kalendaryo, asin Bandera kan Nasyon) sa Artikulo 16 "Huli ta an tataramon kan Qur`an asin mga teksto asin katukdoan kan Islam iyo an Arabo, ..., ini dapat na itokdo pagkatapos kan lebel kan elementarya, sa gabos na klase nin sekondarya asin sa gabos na lugar nin pag-adal."<ref name="constituteproject.org">[[Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran]]: [https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Iran_1989?lang=en ''Iran (Islamic Republic of)'s Constitution of 1979. – Article: 16 Official or national languages''], 1979, retrieved 25 July 2018</ref>}} |[[Pakistan]]{{efn|An konstitusyon kan Republika Islamika kan Pakistan nagsasabi sa Artikulo 31 No. 2 na "An Estado dapat na maghingoa, manungod sa mga Muslim kan Pakistan (a) na gibohon na obligado an pagtukdo kan Banal na Quran asin Islamiat, tanganing dagkahon asin mapadali an pag-adal kan tataramon na Arabe ..."<ref name="pakistanconstitutionlaw.com">[[Constitution of Pakistan]]: [https://pakistanconstitutionlaw.com/article-31-islamic-way-of-life ''Constitution of Pakistan, 1973 – Article: 31 Islamic way of life''], 1973, retrieved 13 June 2018</ref>}} }} | minority = {{collapsible list| |[[Cyprus]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://languagecharter.eokik.hu/sites/StatesParties/Cyprus.htm|title=Implementation of the Charter in Cyprus|website=Database for the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages|publisher=Public Foundation for European Comparative Minority Research|access-date=20 May 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024143749/http://languagecharter.eokik.hu/sites/StatesParties/Cyprus.htm|archive-date=24 October 2011}}</ref> |[[Israel]]<ref name="israelbasiclaw">{{cite web|url=https://main.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/Documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawNationState.pdf|title=Basic Law: Israel – The Nation State of the Jewish People|date=2018-07-19|publisher=Knesset|access-date=2021-01-13|archive-date=10 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410191721/http://knesset.gov.il/laws/special/eng/basiclawnationstate.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> |[[Mali]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mali |url=https://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/afrique/mali.htm |access-date=2023-04-29 |website=www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca}}</ref> |[[Niger]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Niger : Loi n° 2001-037 du 31 décembre 2001 fixant les modalités de promotion et de développement des langues nationales|language=fr |url=https://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/afrique/niger-loi-2001-037-LNG.htm |access-date=2023-04-29 |website=www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca}}</ref> |[[Filipinas]]<ref>Konstitusyon kan Filipinas, Artikulo XIV, Sec 7: Para sa mga katuyuhan nin komunikasyon asin pagtukdo, an mga opisyal na tataramon kan Filipinas iyo an Filipino asin, sagkod na iba an itinao kan lehe, an Ingles. An mga tataramon na panrehiyon iyo an mga pantabang na opisyal na tataramon sa mga rehiyon asin maserbing pantabang na media nin pagtukdo diyan. An Kastila asin Arabe ipapauswag sa boluntaryo asin opsyonal na basehan.</ref> |[[Senegal]]<ref name=HassaniyaAlphabet>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jo.gouv.sn/spip.php?article4790 |title=Decret n° 2005-980 du 21 octobre 2005 |access-date=2021-12-10 |archive-date=2015-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518092122/http://www.jo.gouv.sn/spip.php?article4790 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |[[South Africa]]<ref name="constitution.1.6">{{cite book|url=https://www.concourt.org.za/images/phocadownload/the_text/english-2013.pdf|title=The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa|publisher=Constitutional Court of South Africa|year=2013|edition=2013 English version|at=ch.&nbsp;1, s.&nbsp;6|access-date=17 April 2020|archive-date=23 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823174423/https://www.concourt.org.za/images/phocadownload/the_text/english-2013.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> }} | agency = {{collapsible list | *[[Algerya]]: [[Konseho Supremo kan tataramon na Arabe sa Algerya]] *[[Ehipto]]: [[Akademya kan Tataramon na Arabe sa Cairo]] *[[Israel]]: [[Akademya kan Tataramon na Arabe sa Israel]] *[[Irak]]: [[Akademya nin Siyensya kan Irak]] *[[Hordan]]: [[Akademya kan Arabe sa Hordan]] *[[Libya]]: Akademya kan Tataramon na Arabe sa Jamahiriya *[[Morocco]]: Akademya kan Tataramon na Arabe sa Rabat *[[Saudi Arabia]]: Akademya kan Tataramon na Arabe sa Riyadh *[[Somalia]]: Akademya kan Tataramon na Arabe sa Mogadishu *[[Sudan]]: Akademya kan Tataramon na Arabe sa Khartoum *[[Syria]]: [[Akademya nin Arabo kan Damascus]] (an pinakagurang) *[[Tunisia]]: [[Akademya nin mga Siyensya, mga Surat, asin mga Arte kan Tunisya|Tugmadan nin Beit Al-Hikma]] }} | iso1 = ar | iso2 = ara | iso3 = ara | lc1 = arq | ld1 = [[Arabikong Algerya]] | lc2 = xaa | ld2 = [[Arabikong Andalusi]] | lc3 = abv | ld3 = [[Arabikong Bahrani ]] | lc4 = avl | ld4 = [[Arabikong Bedawi ]] | lc5 = shu | ld5 = [[Arabikong Tsad]] | lc6 = acy | ld6 = [[Arabikong Cypriot ]] | lc7 = adf | ld7 = [[Arabikong Dhofari ]] | lc8 = arz | ld8 = [[Arabikong Ehipto]] | lc9 = acm | ld9 = [[Arabikong Gelet |Gelet Iraqi ]] | lc10 = afb | ld10 = [[Arabikong Golpo ]] | lc11 = ayh | ld11 = [[Arabikong Hadhrami ]] | lc12 = mey | ld12 = [[Arabikong Hassaniya ]] | lc13 = acw | ld13 = [[Arabikong Hejazi ]] | lc14 = apc | ld14 = [[Arabikong Levantinon ]] | lc15 = ayl | ld15 = [[Arabikong Libyanon ]] | lc16 = ary | ld16 = [[Arabikong Morokanon]] | lc17 = ars | ld17 = [[Arabikong Najdi ]] | lc18 = acx | ld18 = [[Arabikong Omani ]] | lc19 = ayp | ld19 = [[Arabikong Moslawi |Qeltu Iraqi ]] | lc20 = aao | ld20 = [[Arabikong Saharan ]] | lc21 = aec | ld21 = [[Arabikong Saʽidi ]] | lc22 = ayn | ld22 = [[Arabikong Sanʽani ]] | lc23 = ssh | ld23 = [[Arabikong Shihhi ]] | lc24 = sqr | ld24 = [[Siculo-Arabiko]] | lc25 = arb | ld25 = [[Panusugan na Arabiko]] | lc26 = apd | ld26 = [[Arabikong Sudanon]] | lc27 = acq | ld27 = [[Arabikong Taʽizzi-Adeni ]] | lc28 = abh | ld28 = [[Arabikong Tajiki ]] | lc29 = aeb | ld29 = [[Arabikong Tunisyanon ]] | lc30 = auz | ld30 = [[Arabikong Uzbeki ]] | lingua = 12-AAC | image = Arabic albayancalligraphy.svg | imagescale = 0.7 | imagecaption = an '''{{transliteration|ar|al-ʿarabiyyah}}''' na nakasurat sa ([[Naskh (iskritura)|Iskriturang Naskh]]) | notice = IPA | ancestor = [[Proto-Aproasyatiko]] | ancestor2 = [[Proto-Semitiko]] | ancestor3 = [[Proto-Arabiko]] | ancestor4 = [[Daan na Arabiko]] | ancestor5 = [[Pre-klasikal na Arabiko]] | sign = <!--"Arab sign-language family" is NOT signed . It is an unrelated family of sign languages spread across the Arabian Peninsula.--> | glotto = arab1395 | glottorefname = | map = Arabic speaking world.svg | mapcaption = {{legend|#088A4B|Solong opisyal na tataramon, mayoriya na nagtataram nin Arabe}} {{legend|#045FB4|Ko-opisyal na tataramon, mayoriya na nagtataram nin Arabe}} {{legend|#5599ff|Ko-opisyal na tataramon, minoriya na nagtataram nin Arabe}} {{legend|#e6e6e6|Bakong opisyal na tataramon, minoriya na nagtataram nin Arabe}} }} An '''Arabe''' o '''Arabiko''' ({{langx|ar|label=endonym|اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ|al-ʿarabiyyah}}, {{IPA|ar|al ʕaraˈbijːa|pron|Al arabic.ogg}}, o {{langx|ar|label=none|عَرَبِيّ|ʿarabīy}}, {{IPA|ar|ˈʕarabiː|pron|Arabi.ogg}} {{IPA|ar|ʕaraˈbij|label=or}}) arog kan [[Arameo]], [[Hebreo]], [[Akadyo]], [[Maltes]] asin iba pang idiomang parehas, sarong [[Mga tataramon na Katahawan na Semitiko|tataramon na Katahawan na Semitiko]] kan [[mga tataramon na Aproasyatiko|pamilya nin mga tataramon na Afroasyatiko]] na panginot na pigtataram sa [[kinaban nin mga Arabo]] .<ref name="Al-Jallad"/> An [[International Organization for Standardization]] (ISO) nagtatao nin mga kodigo nin tataramon sa 32 [[mga klase nin Arabiko]], kabali an panusugan na porma kaini nin Literaryong Arabiko, na midbid sa apod na [[Makabagong Panusugan na Arabiko]]. ,<ref name="www-01.sil.org">{{cite web|title=Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: ara|url=http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=ara|access-date=20 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211429/http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=ara|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> na hali sa [[Klasikong Arabiko]]. An pagkakaiba na ini yaon sa mga linggwista sa Sulnopan; An mga parataram nin Arabiko mismo sa pankagabsan dai nagpapalain sa Makabagong Panusugan na Arabiko asin Klasikong Arabiko, kundi inaapod an duwa bilang {{transliteration|ar|ALA|al-ʿarabiyyatu l-fuṣḥā}} ({{lang|ar|اَلعَرَبِيَّةُ ٱلْفُصْحَىٰ}}<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kamusella|first=Tomasz|date=2017|title=The Arabic Language: A Latin of Modernity?|url=https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/10023/12443/_Journal_of_Nationalism_Memory_Language_Politics_The_Arabic_Language_A_Latin_of_Modernity.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|journal=Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics|volume=11|issue=2|pages=117–145|access-date=28 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212190454/https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/10023/12443/_Journal_of_Nationalism_Memory_Language_Politics_The_Arabic_Language_A_Latin_of_Modernity.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|archive-date=12 December 2019|url-status=live|doi=10.1515/jnmlp-2017-0006|hdl=10023/12443|s2cid=158624482|doi-access=free|issn=2570-5857|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212190454/https://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/10023/12443/_Journal_of_Nationalism_Memory_Language_Politics_The_Arabic_Language_A_Latin_of_Modernity.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|archivedate=12 December 2019}}</ref> " an mahusay magtaram na Arabe") o simpleng''{{transliteration|ar|al-fuṣḥā}}'' ({{lang|ar|اَلْفُصْحَىٰ}}). An Arabe iyo an [[Lista nin mga tataramon susog sa bilang kan mga nasyon kun sain sinda minimidbid bilang sarong opisyal na tataramon|ikatolong pinakalakop na opisyal na tataramon]] sunod sa Ingles asin Pranses,<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Wright|2001|p=492}}</ref> saro sa anom na [[opisyal na mga tataramon kan Naciones Unidas]], <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=http://ask.un.org/faq/14463|title=What are the official languages of the United Nations? - Ask DAG!|website=ask.un.org|language=en|access-date=2019-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205021716/http://ask.un.org/faq/14463|archive-date=5 February 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> asin an [[Sagradong tataramon|liturhikong tataramon]] kan [[Islam]]. .<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|last=World|first=I. H.|title=Arabic|url=https://ihworld.com/schools/community-school-languages/arabic/|access-date=2021-07-07|website=IH World|language=en}}</ref> An Arabe lakop na pigtutukdo sa mga eskwelahan asin unibersidad sa bilog na kinaban asin ginagamit sa manlaen-laen na grado sa mga lugar nin trabaho, gobyerno asin midya.<ref name="auto2"/> Durante kan [[Edad Media]], an Arabe sarong mayor na behikulo nin kultura asin pag-adal, orog na sa siyensya, matematika asin pilosopiya. Bilang resulta, dakul na mga tataramon sa Europa an igwang [[loanword|hinaram]] na mga tataramon gikan digdi. An impluwensya kan Arabe, orog na sa bokabularyo, nahihiling sa [[Mga Tataramon kan Europa|Mga tataramon na Europeo]] (pangenot na [[Impluwensya kan tataramon na Arabe sa tataramon na Espanyol|Kastila]] asin sa mas dikit na sokol [[Impluwensya kan Arabe sa ibang mga tataramon#Portuges|Portuges]], [[Impluwensya kan Arabe sa ibang mga tataramon#Catalan|Catalan]], asin [[tataramon na Sisilya|Sicilian]]) huli sa pagigin harani kan Europa asin an halawig na presensya kan Arabe sa kultura asin linggwistika, orog na sa Habagatan na Iberia, sa panahon kan [[Al-Andalus]]. An [[Tataramon na Malta|Maltanon]] sarong tataramon na Semitiko na pigbilog gikan sa sarong diyalekto kan Arabe asin nakasurat sa [[alpabetong Latin]]. .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Maltese-language|title=Maltese language|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2019-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924141837/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Maltese-language|archive-date=24 September 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> An mga tataramon sa Balkan, kabali an Albaniano , [[tataramon na Griyego|Griego]], Serbo-Kroasiano, asin [[tataramon na Bulgaro|Bulgaro]], nagkaigwa man nin kadakol na mga tataramon na gikan sa Arabo, orog na sa paagi nin direktang pakikipag-olay sa [[Otomanong Turko]]. == Mga tala == {{Notelist}} == Mga toltolan == === Mga pagsambit=== {{Reflist}} === Pinagkuanan === {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last1=Al-Jallad |first1=Ahmad |title=A Manual of the Historical Grammar of Arabic |via=Academia |year=2020a |doi=10.1017/S0041977X14000524 |url=https://www.academia.edu/38100372 |access-date=16 July 2021 |archive-date=21 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221205432/https://www.academia.edu/38100372/Al-Jallad._A_Manual_of_the_Historical_Grammar_of_Arabic |url-status=live }} * {{Citation |title = As-Sabil |url = https://fr.scribd.com/doc/14436546/Languages-Spoken-by-More-Than-10-Million-People |access-date = 22 June 2016 |archive-date = 25 April 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160425225639/https://fr.scribd.com/doc/14436546/Languages-Spoken-by-More-Than-10-Million-People |url-status = live }} * {{Citation |first = Mary Catherine |last = Bateson |title = Arabic Language Handbook |publisher = Georgetown University Press |year = 2003 |isbn = 978-0-87840-386-8 }} * {{cite book |last1=Birnstiel |first1=Daniel |year=2019 |editor1-last=Huehnergard |editor1-first=John |editor-link1=John Huehnergard| editor2-last=Pat-El |editor2-first=Na'ama |title=The Semitic Languages |publisher=Routledge | pages=367–402 |chapter=Chapter 15: Classical Arabic |isbn=978-0-415-73195-9 |edition=2nd |doi=10.4324/9780429025563|s2cid=166512720|oclc= 1103311755 }} * {{Citation |last1=Durand |first1=Olivier |last2=Langone |first2=Angela D. |last3=Mion |first3=Giuliano |title = Corso di Arabo Contemporaneo. 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''Arabic, Self and Identity: A Study in Conflict and Displacement''. Oxford University Press, 2011. {{ISBN|0-19-974701-6|978-0-19-974701-6}}. * {{cite book |last = Thelwall |first = Robin |year = 2003 |chapter = Arabic |publisher = Cambridge University Press |location = Cambridge |isbn = 978-0-521-63751-0 |title = Handbook of the International Phonetic Association a guide to the use of the international phonetic alphabet }} * {{Citation |first = R. |last = Traini |title = Vocabolario di arabo |publisher=I.P.O. |location=Rome |trans-title = Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic |language = it |via = Harassowitz |year = 1961 }} * {{Citation |first = Laura Veccia |last = Vaglieri |title=Grammatica teorico-pratica della lingua araba |publisher=I.P.O. |location = Rome }} * {{cite book | last=Versteegh | first=C. H. M. |author-link=Kees Versteegh| title=The Arabic Language | url=https://archive.org/details/arabiclanguage0000vers | publisher=Edinburgh University Press | year=2014 | isbn=978-0-7486-4528-2|oclc=872980196}} * {{Citation |last = Watson |first= Janet |year= 2002 |title= The Phonology and Morphology of Arabic |location = New York |publisher = Oxford University Press |isbn = 978-0-19-824137-9 }} * {{Citation |first = Hans |last = Wehr |title = Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart: Arabisch-Deutsch |publisher = Harassowitz |year = 1952 |edition = 1985 reprint (English) |isbn = 978-3-447-01998-9 |title-link = Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart }} * {{Citation |title = The New York Times Almanac 2002 |first = John W. |last = Wright |year = 2001 |publisher = Routledge |isbn = 978-1-57958-348-4 }} {{refend}} == Urog pang mababasa == {{refbegin}} * {{Cite JIPA|first1=Ibrahim|first2=Alfredo|first3=Amanda|last1=Al Malwi|last2=Herrero De Haro|last3=Baker|title=Abha Arabic|pages=1&ndash;19|doi=10.1017/S0025100323000269|onlinedate=2023-12-06|soundfiles=yes}} {{refend}} == Mga panluwas na takod== {{Commons category|Arabic language}} {{Wiktionary category}} {{Wikiversity}} {{Wikibooks|Arabic}} {{Wikiquote}} {{Wikivoyage|Arabic phrasebook|Arabic|a phrasebook}} * [[:ar:الصفحة_الرئيسة|Standard Arabic version]] of [[Wikipedia]] * [[:arz:الصفحه_الرئيسيه|Egyptian Arabic version]] of Wikipedia * [[:ary:الصفحة_اللولا|Moroccan Arabic version]] of Wikipedia * [[incubator:Wp/arq|Algerian Arabic test version]] of Wikipedia at [[Wikimedia Incubator]] * [[incubator:Wp/mey|Hassaniya Arabic test version]] of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator * [[incubator:Wp/apc|Levantine Arabic test version]] of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator * [[incubator:Wp/aeb|Tunisian Arabic test version]] of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator {{Clear}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT: tataramon na Arabiko}} [[Kategorya:Tataramon na Arabo| ]] [[Kategorya:Mga tataramon na pinatotoohan poon kan ika-9 na siglo BC]] [[Kategorya:Mga Artikulo na igwa nin mga video clip]] [[Kategorya:Mga tataramon na Katahawan na Semitiko]] [[Kategorya:Mga tataramon na pinagsararo]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Algerya]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Bahrain]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Cameroon]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Tsad]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Komoro]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Djibouti]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Eritrea]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Gibraltar]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Israel]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Iran]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Irak]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Hordan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Kurdistan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Kuwait]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Lebanon]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Libya]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Mali]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Mauritania]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Morocco]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Niger]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Oman]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Palestina]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Qatar]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Saudi Arabia]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Senegal]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Sur na Sudan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Sicily]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Somalia]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Sudan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Syria]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Nagkakasararong Emiratong Arabo]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Tunisia]] [[Kategorya:Mga Tataramon kan Yemen]] [[Kategorya:Lingua Francas]] [[Kategorya:Mga tataramon na may oras nin stress]] [[Kategorya:Subject–verb–object languages]] [[Kategorya:Mga tataramon na berbo–suheto–bagay]] [[Kategorya:Mga tataramon]] lc10nkd633gunoi6uenpbzffsxv7dly 0 8391 311807 310937 2026-10-24T18:19:29Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311807 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ladawan:Wikileaks logo.svg|thumb|right|150px|Logo kan Wikileaks]] [[ladawan:Julian Assange (Norway, March 2010).jpg|200px|right|thumb|Si [[Julian Assange]], an tagataram asin pamayong editor kan Wikileaks]] An '''Wikileaks''' sarong organisasyon internasyunal, namomogtak sa [[Sweden]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/libertycentral/2010/apr/07/wikileaks-collateral-murder-iraq-video |title=Grim truths of Wikileaks Iraq video |work=The Guardian |first=Douglas |last=Haddow |date=7 April 2010 |accessdate=7 April 2010 |quote=... a Sweden based non-profit website |location=London}}</ref> na nagpupublikar nin mga padarang anonimo asin mga sensitibong mga dokumento hale sa mga gobyerno asin iba pang mga kasararoan, mga pribadong namamanwaan, manta na ihinihilom ninda an kagpadara. An websayt kaini, na pigbungsod kan 2006, pigpapadalagan kan The Sunshine Pres.<ref>[http://wikileaks.org/ Fundraising drive], wikileaks.org. Retrieved April 5, 2010.</ref> An kaburunyogan pighayag na an kagporoon kaini mga [[Intsik]] na mga dissident, na katuwang an mga peryodista, mga matematiko, asin mga kompanya sa teknolohiyang industriya haleng [[Amerika]], [[Taiwan]], [[Europa]], [[Australya]], asin [[Sur Aprika]]. Mga artikulo sa peryodiko asin an ''[[The New Yorker]]'' na magasin (Hunyo 7, 2010) pigtutukdo si [[Julian Assange]], sarong Australyanong peryodista asin aktibista sa Internet, bilang iyo an pamayong direktor kaini. <ref name=McGreal>McGreal, Chris. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/apr/05/wikileaks-us-army-iraq-attack Wikileaks reveals video showing US air crew shooting down Iraqi civilians] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100407021656/http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/apr/05/WikiLeaks-us-army-iraq-attack |date=2010-04-07 }}, ''The Guardian'', April 5, 2010.</ref> Poon kan nabungsod ini, an websayt naghayag na nagtalubo an database kaini sobra sa 1,2 milyon na dokumento,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wikileaks.org/wiki/Wikileaks:About#Wikileaks_has_1.2_million_documents.3F |title=Wikileaks has 1.2 million documents? |work=Wikileaks |accessdate=28 February 2008}}</ref> manta an mga video kaining pinapasali sa internet iyo an nababantog na gayo. Nagguno ini nin mga premyo huli sa mga report niyang kontrobersyal. An [[Pentagon]] kan [[Amerika]] pigkondenar an websayt bilang sarong homa' sa seguridad nasyunal kan [[Estados Unidos]] manta an mga organisayon nin prensa pig'oomaw ini ta nagbubuyagyag kan mga gibo-gibong sala kan mga gobyerno sa kinaban, na kun dai nailawan dai maaaraman kan publiko. Saro sa pinaluwas sa internet kaini na nag'iinit na marhay na bareta iyo an pagbuyagyag kaini kan mga gibogibo asin mga palakaw kan militar kan Estados Unidos sa pakikigera sa [[Apganistan]], [[Pakistan]] asin sa [[Iraq]], bagay na naukag na maray an gobyerno Amerikano ta dakul na bagay an ipigpaluwas na dapat mga tagonghilom nanggad ta may kuneksyon sa seguridad nasyunal. <ref> http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/the-monitors-view/2010/0726/Wikileaks-report-of-war-logs-about-Afghanistan-show-why-Obama-must-be-on-offensive </ref> Alagad susog na ngane sa deklarasyon kan Wikileaks sa saiyang websayt mismo, "... an WikiLeaks sarong "non-profit media organization" maigot sa pagdarang mga mahahalagang bareta asin impormasyon sa publiko. Kami natao nin naiiba, nasisiguro asin anonimong paagi para sa mga independienteng parapahayag nin impormasyon sa enterong kinaban na hilom asin patago na magtao nin siring na mga bagay sa samong mga peryodista. Kami napabalangibog kan mga materyal na may etiko, pulitikal asin historikong halaga manta sinasaray mi an identidad kan mga taga'ambag ming anonimo. Sa siring na sistema, natao kami nin garantisadong paagi sa pagbuyagyag asin pagbiklad kan mga binabagat asin tuyong pigririrong na mga inhustisya." ==Mga libro dapit sa Wikileaks== * 'The Fifth Estate' sinurat ni Benedict Cumberbatch. * “WikiLeaks: Inside Julian Assange’s War on Secrecy,” sinurat na David Leigh asin Luke Harding. * "Mediastan", ginibo mansana kan Wikileaks, sarong dokumentaryo. == Mga panluwas na takod == * [http://www.wikileaks.org Wikileaks home page] ([https://secure.wikileaks.org/wiki/Wikileaks secure]) * [http://wikileaks.info/ Wikileaks Mirror page] * [http://mirror.infoboj.eu/ Wikileaks Mirror page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100809001412/http://mirror.infoboj.eu/ |date=2010-08-09 }} * {{twitter|wikileaks}} * ''Wikileaks vs. the World''. Presentation by Wikileaks representatives Julian Assange and Daniel Schmitt at the 25th [[Chaos Communication Congress]], Berlin, December 2008. [http://chaosradio.ccc.de/25c3_m4v_2916.html online Flash video] and [http://events.ccc.de/congress/2008/wiki/Conference_Recordings#Official_Releases download in higher resolution formats] * Campbell, Matthew (2010-04-11) [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article7094234.ece Whistleblowers on US ‘massacre’ fear CIA stalkers]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629133313/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article7094234.ece |date=2011-06-29 }}, ''[[The Times]]'' * {{cite news | url = http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1581189,00.html?cnn=yes | title = A Wiki for Whistle-Blowers | first = Tracy Samantha | last = Schmidt | publisher = ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' | date = 22 January 2007 | accessdate = 14 December 2007 | archivedate = 18 January 2008 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080118084158/http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1581189,00.html?cnn=yes }} * [http://wikileak.org/ WikiLeak.org] Independent blog "about the ethical and technical issues of the WikiLeaks.org project" * [http://fora.tv/2010/04/18/Logan_Symposium_The_New_Initiatives Video] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101217213046/http://fora.tv/2010/04/18/Logan_Symposium_The_New_Initiatives |date=2010-12-17 }} of Julian Assange on a panel at the 2010 Logan Symposium in Investigative Reporting at the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism (April 18, 2010) * [http://www.fas.org/blog/secrecy/2010/06/wikileaks_review.html "Wikileaks Fails “Due Diligence” Review"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101217213849/http://www.fas.org/blog/secrecy/2010/06/wikileaks_review.html |date=2010-12-17 }}, [[Steven Aftergood]] * [http://wsws.org/articles/2010/jun2010/pers-j14.shtml Hands off WikiLeaks!] * [http://www.democracynow.org/2010/7/26/the_new_pentagon_papers_wikileaks_releases WikiLeaks Releases 90,000+ Secret Military Documents on Afghanistan War] - video report by ''[[Democracy Now!]]'' * [http://hotfile.com/dl/57733000/664f6b6/200402009diarywar.html.7z.html 2004-2009 US Afghan war repports] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722085736/http://hotfile.com/dl/57733000/664f6b6/200402009diarywar.html.7z.html |date=2011-07-22 }} http://wikileaks.mirrorleaks.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101209090803/http://wikileaks.mirrorleaks.org/ |date=2010-12-09 }} <br /> http://wikileak89.31.148.9s.arzur.net{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}<br /> http://wikileaks.dom.es {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111123075654/http://wikileaks.dom.es/ |date=2011-11-23 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.ch<br /> http://wikileaks.eu<br /> http://wikileaks.lu {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206185533/http://cablegate.wikileaks.lu/ |date=2010-12-06 }}<br /> http://www.wikileaks.ch<br /> http://www.wikileaks.pl<br /> http://www.wikileaks.fi 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http://cablegate.maiko.be {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208205518/http://cablegate.maiko.be/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.as{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}<br /> http://wikileaks.hermanuscoenradistraat16.nl<br /> http://wikileaks.hermanuscoenradistraat.nl {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207101334/http://wikileaks.hermanuscoenradistraat.nl/ |date=2010-12-07 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.juridische.info {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208035630/http://wikileaks.juridische.info/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.opperschaap.net {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101217072257/http://wikileaks.opperschaap.net/ |date=2010-12-17 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.pi2pi.biz {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208032046/http://wikileaks.pi2pi.biz/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.pi2pi.eu {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207132003/http://wikileaks.pi2pi.eu/ |date=2010-12-07 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.pi2pi.info {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208064637/http://wikileaks.pi2pi.info/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.pi2pi.mobi {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207193159/http://wikileaks.pi2pi.mobi/ |date=2010-12-07 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.pi2pi.net {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208033204/http://wikileaks.pi2pi.net/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.pi2pi.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208084812/http://wikileaks.pi2pi.org/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.pi2pi.us {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207043539/http://wikileaks.pi2pi.us/ |date=2010-12-07 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.schwengle.net {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101209015204/http://wikileaks.schwengle.net/ |date=2010-12-09 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.renout.nl {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208203208/http://wikileaks.renout.nl/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.renout.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208211512/http://wikileaks.renout.org/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.hysos.net {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207002952/http://wikileaks.hysos.net/ |date=2010-12-07 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.realprogrammer.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101217072251/http://wikileaks.realprogrammer.org/ |date=2010-12-17 }}<br /> http://mangalpha.free.fr/wikileaks {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101222030622/http://mangalpha.free.fr/wikileaks/ |date=2010-12-22 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.simleb.cc {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330084957/http://wikileaks.simleb.cc/ |date=2023-03-30 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.maiko.be {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101215011022/http://wikileaks.maiko.be/ |date=2010-12-15 }}<br /> http://www.tuks.nl/Mirror/WikiLeaks {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208050534/http://www.tuks.nl/Mirror/WikiLeaks/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://wikileaksmirror.fuerdiefreiheit.de {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207235549/http://wikileaksmirror.fuerdiefreiheit.de/ |date=2010-12-07 }}<br /> http://cablegate.gernox.de {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208222240/http://cablegate.gernox.de/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://lebranleur.bobotig.fr:8080 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218024123/http://lebranleur.bobotig.fr:8080/ |date=2010-12-18 }}<br /> http://we.want.to.be.free.fr {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030216011817/http://we.want.to.be.free.fr/ |date=2003-02-16 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.luminis-home.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208040716/http://wikileaks.luminis-home.org/ |date=2010-12-08 }}<br /> http://wikileaks.raymondhill.net<br /> == Toltolan == {{reflist}} {{stub}} ljzyxicnbl86rgyeme7wb833iosx4cb 0 24740 311789 311497 2026-10-24T12:18:30Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311789 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ladawan:Global_Gas_trade_both_LNG_and_Pipeline.png|thumb|An pankinabang pagbenta nin natural gas kaidtong 2013. An mga numero iyo yaon sa bilyong kubikong metro kada taon<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Natural Gas – Exports|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2251rank.html|encyclopedia=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref>|268x268px]] [[Ladawan:World_-_Natural_Gas_Production_of_Countries.png|thumb|An ekstraksyon nin natural gas kan kada nasyun sa kubikong metro kada taon kaidtong 2013.|269x269px]] An '''natural gas''' (inaapod man na '''''fossil gas'''''; minsan '''gas''' sana) iyo sarong natural na pigsaralak-salak na [[hidrokarburo]] na [[gas]] na pangenot na pigbibilog nin [[metano]], pero harus igwa man nin baryenteng bilang nin iba pang mga halangkaw na [[alkane]], asin minsan dikit na porsyento nin [[karbon dioksido]], [[nitroheno]], hidrohenong sulpido, o [[elyo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naturalgas.org/overview/background|title=Background|publisher=Naturalgas.org|access-date=2012-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709040340/http://www.naturalgas.org/overview/background|archive-date=2014-07-09}}</ref> Naporma ini kan an mga libel nin nalapang tinanom asin hayop na [[materya]] na iyo napasairarom sa labing [[init]] asin [[presyon]] sa irarom kan kadagaan sa haloyon na mga taon.<ref name="eiaex">{{Cite web|url=https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/natural-gas/|title=Natural gas explained|publisher=U.S. Energy Information Administration|access-date=2020-09-30}}</ref> An orihinal na [[enerhiya]] na naguno kan mga tinanom hale sa Saldang iyo pigtatago sa porma nin mga sugpong kimikal sa gas.<ref name="epa_ng">{{cite web|url=http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-and-you/affect/natural-gas.html|title=Electricity from Natural Gas|access-date=2013-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606215324/http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-and-you/affect/natural-gas.html|archive-date=2014-06-06}}</ref> An natural gas iyo sarong [[fossil fuel]]. Dae nababagong hidrokarburo an natural gas na ginagamit sa pag-init, pagluto, asin paghimo nin kuryente.<ref name="epa_ng" /> Ginagamit man ini bilang panggatong sa mga behikulo asin bilang kimikal na materyales sa paggibo nin mga [[plastik]] asin iba pang importanteng [[Organikong kompuwesto|organikong kimikal]] sa komersyo. An ekstraksyon asin pagkonsumo nin natural na gas iyo sarong mayor asin nagpapa-urog sa [[pagbabago nin klima]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-gas-climatebox-explainer-idUSKCN25E1DR|title=Cleaner but not clean - Why scientists say natural gas won't avert climate disaster|publisher=Reuters|author=Valerie Volcovici, Kate Abnett, and Matthew Green|date=2020-08-18}}</ref><ref name="ieaco2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics?country=WORLD&fuel=CO2%20emissions&indicator=CO2%20emissions%20by%20energy%20source|title=Data and Statistics: CO2 emissions by energy source, World 1990-2017|publisher=International Energy Agency (Paris)|access-date=2020-04-24}}</ref><ref name="owidebf">{{Cite journal|url=https://ourworldindata.org/co2-and-other-greenhouse-gas-emissions#co2-emissions-by-fuel|title=CO₂ and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: CO₂ Emissions by Fuel|author=Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser|journal=Our World in Data|publisher=Published online at OurWorldInData.org.|year=2020|access-date=2020-04-24}}</ref> Potensyal ini na [[greenhouse gas]] kapag linuwas sa [[atmospera]], asin naghihimo nin karbon dioksido kapag sinulo.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Why carbon dioxide isn't the only greenhouse gas we must reduce – Dr Richard Dixon|url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/opinion/columnists/climate-change-carbon-dioxide-main-greenhouse-gas-cutting-methane-emissions-crucial-too-dr-richard-dixon-2925261|access-date=2020-08-17|website=www.scotsman.com|language=en}}</ref><ref name="AGI">{{cite web|title=Methane Emissions in the Oil and Gas Industry|url=https://www.americangeosciences.org/critical-issues/factsheet/pe/methane-emissions-oil-gas-industry|publisher=American Geosciences Institute|access-date=1 May 2019|date=16 May 2018}}</ref> An natural gas pwedeng suluon para makagibo nin init asin kuryente; na nagluluwas nin mas kadikit na ati asin lason sa punto nin paggamit na relatibo sa ibang fossil asin biyomas na panggatong.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/natural-gas/natural-gas-and-the-environment.php|title=Natural gas and the environment|publisher=U.S. Energy Information Administration|access-date=2020-09-30}}</ref> Alagad, an gas venting asin flaring, kaiba an mga dae pigtutuyong pugitibong emisyon sa kahiwasan nin suplay na kadena, iyo pwedeng magresulta sa similar na pankagabsang carbon footprint.<ref>Moniz, E.J. (2011). [http://energy.mit.edu/research/future-natural-gas/ "The Future of Natural Gas: An Interdisciplinary MIT Study"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414014223/https://energy.mit.edu/research/future-natural-gas/ |date=2021-04-14 }}. MIT Press. Retrieved 8 January 2020.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.eeb.cornell.edu/howarth/publications/Howarth_2014_ESE_methane_emissions.pdf|title=A bridge to nowhere: methane emissions and the greenhouse gas footprint of natural gas|author=Howarth, R.W.|journal=Energy Science & Engineering|publisher=Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.|volume=2|issue=2|pages=47–60|year=2014|doi=10.1002/ese3.35|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121193215/http://www.eeb.cornell.edu/howarth/publications/Howarth_2014_ESE_methane_emissions.pdf|archivedate=2021-11-21|access-date=2021-03-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/MethaneMatters|title=Methane Matters|publisher=NASA Earth Observatory|author=Adam Voiland and Joshua Stevens|access-date=2020-09-15}}</ref> An natural gas iyo nahahanap sa irarom kan kadagaan o naka-asosyar sa iba pang hidrokarburong gunuan sa coal beds asin bilang methane clathrates. An [[petrolyo]] iyo saro man na fossil fuel na nahihiling harani sa natural gas. Kadaklan sa mga natural gas iyo namomokna sa haloy nin panahon sa paagi nin duwang mekanismo: biyoheniko asin termoheniko. An biyohenikong gas iyo namokna nin mga metanohenikong organismo sa mga marshes, bogs, landfills, asin hababaw na sedimento. Sa kairaroman kan [[Kinaban]], sa halangkawon na [[temperatura]] asin [[presyon]], an termohenikong gas iyo namomokna sa nasulong organikong materyal.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=US Geological Survey|url=http://energy.er.usgs.gov/gg/research/petroleum_origins.html|title=Organic Origins of Petroleum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527093933/http://energy.er.usgs.gov/gg/research/petroleum_origins.html|archive-date=27 May 2010}}</ref><ref name="eiaex" /> Sa produksyon kan [[petrolyo]], an gas iyo minsan pigsusulo bilang flare gas. Bago an natural gas pwedeng gamiton bilang panggatong, kadaklan, pero dae gabos, iyo dapat maproseso para mahali an mga impuridad, kaiba an tubig, para makua an ispesipikasyon kan nabebentang natural gas. An mga lain na produkto sa pagprosesong ini iyo kabali an mga [[etano]], [[propano]], [[butano]], [[pentano]], mga hidrokarburo na may halangkaw na molekular na gabat, hidrohenong sulpido (na pwedeng maliwat sa purong [[asupre]]), [[karbon dioksido]], tubig-sangaw, asin minsan [[elyo]] sagkod [[nitroheno]]. An natural gas iyo minsan simple asin dae-pormal na inaapod bilang "gas", urog na kun pigkokompara sa iba pang gunuan nin enerhiya, arug kan lana o [[coal]]. Alagad, dae dapat maribong sa gasolina, na harus pigpapalipot man sa terminong "gas", urog na sa Norteng Amerika. == Hilingon man == * [[Petrolyo]] * [[Metano]] * [[Fossil fuel]] == Mga panluwas na takod == * [http://ggon.org/fossil-tracker/ Global Fossil Infrastructure Tracker] == Toltolan == {{reflist|2}} {{agham-poon}} [[Kategorya:Organikong kimika]] [[Kategorya:Enerhiya]] 7fuf3ka81xr0u52zsxa2777pmgllzzl 0 24832 311790 288050 2026-10-24T12:33:16Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311790 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox tawo|name=Nieves Fernández|image=CaptainNievesFernandez.jpg|caption=Si Nieves (sa tuo) kaiba an saiyang agom|birth_date={{{birth year|sirka 1906}}}|birth_place=[[Leyte, Pilipinas]]|death_date=sirka 1996–1997|imagesize=300px|known for=Kainot-inuting babaying kumander kan gerilya sa Pilipinas}} Si Kapitan '''Nieves Fernández '''sarong Filipinang maestra asin kumander nin mga gerilya na nakipaglaban sa mga Hapones sa Tacloban kan Panduwang Gyerang Pankinaban.<ref name=":0">[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1928&dat=19441103&id=Wp8gAAAAIBAJ&sjid=iWgFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5121,2447312&hl=en ''The Lewiston Daily Sun'' – Nov 3, 1944]</ref> Sinanay na marhay ni Fernández an saiyang mga tawuhan sa pakikilaban asin paggibo nin mga improbisadong armas, siring man pinanginutan an saiyang mga tawuhan sa prontera. May 110 sanang tawuhan, nahimo nyang patumbahon an labing 200 na suldados na Hapones kasagsagan kan Pananakop kan mga Hapon. An Imperyal na Hukbong Hapones nagtangro nin pabuyang ₱10,000 pesos para sa saiyang payo sa paglaom na sya madakop, alagad dai ini nangyari.<ref name=":1">[https://southseattleemerald.com/2016/03/26/31-days-of-revolutionary-women-27-nieves-fernandez/ 31 Days of Revolutionary Women, #27: Nieves Fernandez] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122132127/https://southseattleemerald.com/2016/03/26/31-days-of-revolutionary-women-27-nieves-fernandez/ |date=2022-11-22 }}, ''South Seattle Emerald'', 26 March 2016</ref> == Bago kan Rebolusyon == Kagsadiri si Fernández nin negosyong pakyawan sagkod na sakupon kan mga Hapones an Komonwelt kan Pilipinas kan 1941, asin samsamon an ano man na saindang gustuhon. Pinasakitan an dakol na mga tawong dai nag-uyon sa awtoridad asin sanglian na kinarigusan nin mainit asin nagyeyelong tubig; na mayo nin pahingalo, kakanon asin tubig, apwera sa sabon. Nagpapadagos ini sagkod na sinda magpadára.<ref>[https://www.michaeldsellers.com/blog/2017/02/11/looking-for-info-on-captain-nieves-fernandez-wwii-guerrilla-leader-in-leyte-philippines/ "SCHOOL MA'AM LED GUERRILLAS ON LEYTE"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413100414/https://www.michaeldsellers.com/blog/2017/02/11/looking-for-info-on-captain-nieves-fernandez-wwii-guerrilla-leader-in-leyte-philippines/ |date=2021-04-13 }}. The Lewiston Daily Sun. 26 October 1944. Retrieved 20 August 2020.</ref> Urog na nahadit si Fernández, sarong maestra, huli ta pwersahan na kinukua an mga estudyante nya kan mga tropang Hapones.<ref name=":2">[https://www.pacificatrocities.org/female-guerrillas.html "Female Faces in the Philippine Guerrillas"]. ''Pacific Atrocities Education''. Retrieved 20 August 2020.</ref> Nagin bulnerable an dakol na babayi sa sekswal na mga atake. An saro sa pinakadakula nindang takot iyo na pwersahan sindang na gamiton bilang comfort women kan Imperyal na Hukbong Hapones.<ref>[https://www.warhistoryonline.com/guest-bloggers/women-warriors-philippines-wwii.html "Women Warriors of the Philippines – WWII Heroines Helped Liberate Their Country"]. ''War History Online''. Retrieved 20 August 2020.</ref> Paghaloy-haloy, nanganaan na si Fernández asin nagdesisyon na magrebelde tumang sa gubyerno.<ref>Fratus, Matt. [https://coffeeordie.com/filipino-guerrillas/ "CAPTAIN FERNANDEZ AND THE GAS PIPE GANG: HOW FILIPINO GUERRILLAS RESISTED THE JAPANESE DURING WORLD WAR II"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123045044/https://www.coffeeordie.com/filipino-guerrillas |date=2022-11-23 }}. ''Coffee or Die''.</ref> == Gerilya == Nagtipon si Fernández nin tubuanan na mga lalaki asin nagpakana kun pano makikilaban tumang sa nananakop na hukbong Hapones. Tinukduan nya an mga lalaking ini sa pakikilaban, kun pano gagamiton an mga kutsilyo, kun pano gumibo nin shotgun gamit an mga tubo nin gas na kargado nin pulbura asin lumang pako, asin kun pano gumibo nin mga granada. Minsan, nakakasamsam sinda nin armas sa mga Hapones. Nagin syang kainot-inuti asin sulamenteng babaying kumander kan gerilya sa Pilipinas.<ref name=":0" /> Nagsusulot man si Fernández nin itom na bado asin nakikilaban na nakabitis mantang silensyo syang nanggagadan gamit nin sundang. Sa panginginot nya, naggibo nin pagsalakay an 110 katawo nyang hukbo sa Timog kan Tacloban, na guminadan nin labing 200 na suldados na Hapones.<ref name=":1" /> Nangaipo ini nin duwa may kabangang taon nin mga ambus sagkod na magtangro an mga Hapones nin pabuyang ₱10,000 para sa saiyang payo. Dai sya nuarin man nadakop, alagad nalugadan sya nin sarong beses asin nagkaigwang pinilaan nin bala sa tuo nyang takyag.<ref>[https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/captain-nieves-fernandez-1944/ "Captain Nieves Fernandez shows to an American soldier how she used her long knife to silently kill Japanese soldiers during occupation, 1944"]. ''Rare Historical Photos''. Retrieved 20 August 2020.</ref> == Pagligtas sa mga Comfort Woman == Ihinayag ni Remedio Fallas, dating comfort woman, sa libro nyang ''The Hidden Battle of Leyte: The Picture Diary of a Girl taken by the Japanese Military'' kun pano ilinigtas kan mga gerilya an dakol na mga daragita na linugos asin haros nang linugos kan mga Hapones. Malinaw nyang isinaysay kun pano pinara kan mga gerilya an mga tropang Hapones na nakaistasyon sa manlain-lain na baryo.<ref>[https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/captain-nieves-fernandez-1944/ "Captain Nieves Fernandez shows to an American soldier how she used her long knife to silently kill Japanese soldiers during occupation, 1944"]. ''Rare Historical Photos''. Retrieved 20 August 2020.</ref> == Silensyong Paragadan == Si Fernández sarong asintadong parabadil asin parataga. Naggamit sya nin sundang huli ta madali ining makua asin panginot na kasangkapan sa pag-awan asin pag-uma. Si Fernández bantog na silensyong paragadan, asin an paagi nya iyo an saksakon sa likod an mga target, dangan sa ibaba kan pamalagon, tamaan an arterya karotida asin yugular interna na minadiretso sa hutok asin nagigin kawsa nin tulos-tulos na pagkawara nin malay. Oras na maisaksak an tarom nin duwang pulgada, itatasok nya ini asin bibirikon paitaas sa anggulong 90°. Kun tama an pakagibo, tibaad baluon kan biktima na kumurahaw asin magsungak-sungak alagad imposible ini. An sulamenteng madadangog iyo an pisikal na pagtusay kan biktima, na nagibuhan nang paagi kun an parasalakay nag-atake hali sa likudan.<ref name=":2" /> == Mga tultulan == {{reflist}} [[Kategorya:Mga artikulo sa Art+Feminism in the Philippines 2021]] 0v7ta0e1f2uy5e6k02cd9w5gwwi6u2l 0 24979 311802 291476 2026-10-24T16:09:35Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{For|pagsurat|Pagsurat}} {{Pankinaban na sistema nin panurat}} An '''sistema nin pagsurat''' iyo an anumang maginoo paagi nin biswal na minakapot sa panberbang [[komunikasyon]]. Mantang magagamit na maray an parehas na [[pagsusurat]] asin [[pigtataram na tataramon|pagtaram]] sa pagdara kan mga [[mensahe]], naiiba an pagsurat sa pagiging sarong malalaoman na paagi nin imbakan nin [[impormasyon]] asin [[paglipat nin impormasyon|paglipat]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/definition.htm|title=Definitions of writing systems|publisher=www.omniglot.com|work=Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages|accessdate=2013-06-29}}</ref> An proseso kan [[kodigo|encoding asin decoding]] na mga sistema nin pagsusurat kasangkot an pagkakaintindi sa tanga kan mga parasurat asin [[pagbabasa (proseso)|mga parabasa]] kan kahulugan sa likod kan mga hanay nin [[karakter (simbolo)|mga karakter]] na nakakamukna nin iskritura. Parating natatala an pagsulat sa mapusog na daluyan, arog kan papel o elektronikong sarayan, bagaman pwede man gamiton an di-mapusog na mga paagi, arog kan pagsurat sa sarong display nin komputer, sa sarong pisara, sa baybay, o sa paagi kan surat-kalangitan o ''skywriting'' sa ingles. An pagbasa nin teksto pwede magibo sa isip arog nin internal na proseso, o pagpahayag nin pagtaram. [[Ladawan:Character_Ri4_Trad.svg|thumb|Modernong karakter na (''ri'') [[Radical 72|na nangangahulugang "aldaw" o "saldang"]]]] [[Ladawan:Bible_printed_with_Balinese_script.jpg|thumb|Bibliya na nakaimprinta sa iskrip na [[Iskriturang Balines|Balinese]] ]] [[Ladawan:Writing_directions_of_the_world.svg|thumb|300x300px|Mga direksyon nin pagsurat na ginagamit sa kinaban]] An mga sistema kan pagsurat pwede mailaag sa mga halawig na kategorya arog kan mga [[alpabeto]], [[silabaryo|mga silabaryo]], o [[logogramo|mga logograpiya]], dawa na an anuman na partikular na sistema pwede igwang mga katangian kan lagpas sa sarong kategorya. Sa kategorya kan alpabeto, an sarong parating linyada kan [[letra (alpabeto)|letra]] minakapot sa [[ponema|tanog kan pagtataram]]. Sa sarong silabaryo, an lambang simbolo naitatakod sa sarong [[pantig]] o [[mora (lingguwistika)| mora]]. Sa isang logograpiya, an lambang karakter, minakapot sa sarong semantikong yunit arog kan sarong taga o [[morpema]]. Magkakalain an [[Abjad]] sa mga alpabeto na an mga patanog dai ipinapahatod, asin sa mga [[abugida]] o alpasilabaryo na lambang karakter minakapot sa sarong pades nin katanog – patanog. Parating minagamit an mga alpabeto nin sarong linyada na mas hababa sa 100 mga simbolo tanganing ganap na maipaabot an sarong tataramon, mantang an mga silabaryo, pupwedeng magkaigwa nin pirang gatos, asin an mga logograpia pwede magkaigwa nin ribu-ribong mga simbolo. Kadakol na mga sistema nin pagsurat an nagkakairibanan man sa sarong espesyal na linyada nin mga simbolo na midbid sa [[bantas]] na minagamit tanganing tabangan an pagtatao nin depinisyon asin makatabang na makua an mga upang tulungan ang pagbibigay kahulugan at makatulong na makuha ang mga pananarinari asin pagkakainlain sa depinisyon kan mensahe na ipinapaabot sa taga kan mga paabot sa [[ritmo| tiyempo]], [[tono (lingguwistika)|tono]], [[duon kan tanog|duon]], [[pagbabago kan tanog]] o [[intonasyon (lingguwista)|intonasyon]]. == Batayan na teminolohiya == === Teksto, pagsurat, pagbasa asin ortograpiya === An generic na terminong ''text''<ref>David Crystal (2008), [http://as.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1405152966.html ''A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics'', 6th Edition]{{Dead link|date=May 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, p. 481, Wiley</ref> minatumoy sa pagsurat o pagtaram na materyal na sinasalin sa iba-ibang paagi. An pagbuo asin pagkurit nin mga teksto iyo an ''[[Writing|pagsurat]]'',<ref>Hadumod Bußmann (1998), [https://books.google.com.tw/books/about/Routledge_Dictionary_of_Language_and_Lin.html?id=rhvDiOxOUe4C&redir_esc=y ''Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics''], p. 1294, Taylor & Francis</ref> an paghiling asin pagsabot sa teksto an ''[[Reading (activity)|pagbasa]]''.<ref>Hadumod Bußmann (1998), [https://books.google.com.tw/books/about/Routledge_Dictionary_of_Language_and_Lin.html?id=rhvDiOxOUe4C&redir_esc=y ''Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics''], p. 979, Taylor & Francis</ref> An ''[[Ortograpiya]]'' an paagi nin istruktura nin pagsurat (literal na kahulugan "tamang pagsurat"), partikular na sa mga sistema nin alpabeto, kaiba na an ''[[pagbaybay]]''. == Hilingon man == {{Portal|Mga tataramon}}{{div col|colwidth=10em}} * [[Artipisyal na iskritura]] * [[Depektibong iskritura]] * [[Digrapiya]] * [[Epigrapiya]] * [[Gramatolohiya]] * [[Internasyunal na alpabetong ponetiko]] * [[ISO 15924]] * [[Kaligrapiya]] * [[Nakasurat na tataramon]] * [[Ortograpiya]] * [[Ortograpiyang ponetiko]] * [[Pagsusurat]] * [[Pasigrapiya]] * [[Penmanship]] * [[Paleograpiya]] * [[Pormal na tataramon]] * [[Transkripsyon nin ponetiko]] * [[Sistema nin pamilang]] * [[Transliterasyon]] * [[Transkripsyon (lingguwistika)]] * [[X-SAMPA]] {{div col end}} == Toltolan == {{Reflist}} === Mga Ginunuan === {{refbegin|30em}} * Cisse, Mamadou. 2006. "Ecrits et écritures en Afrique de l'Ouest". Sudlangues n°6, https://web.archive.org/web/20110720093748/http://www.sudlangues.sn/spip.php?article101 * Coulmas, Florian. 1996. ''The Blackwell encyclopedia of writing systems''. Oxford: Blackwell. * Coulmas, Florian. 2003. ''Writing systems. An introduction''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. * [[Peter T. Daniels|Daniels, Peter T]], and [[William Bright]], eds. 1996. ''The World's Writing Systems''. [[Oxford University Press]]. {{ISBN|0-19-507993-0}}. * DeFrancis, John. 1990. ''The Chinese Language: Fact and Fantasy''. Honolulu: [[University of Hawaii Press]]. {{ISBN|0-8248-1068-6}} * {{cite book|title=Geschichte der Schrift|last=Haarmann|first=Harald|publisher=C. H. Beck|year=2004|isbn=3-406-47998-7|edition=2nd|location=München|language=de|trans-title=History of Writing}} * Hannas, William. C. 1997. ''Asia's Orthographic Dilemma''. University of Hawaii Press. {{ISBN|0-8248-1892-X}} (paperback); {{ISBN|0-8248-1842-3}} (hardcover) * {{cite journal|last=Millard|first=A. R.|year=1986|title=The Infancy of the Alphabet|journal=World Archaeology|volume=17|issue=3|pages=390–398|doi=10.1080/00438243.1986.9979978}} * [[Yutaka Nishiyama|Nishiyama, Yutaka]]. 2010. ''The Mathematics of Direction in Writing''. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, [http://www.ijpam.eu/contents/2010-61-3/9/9.pdf Vol.61, No.3, 347-356.] * Rogers, Henry. 2005. ''Writing Systems: A Linguistic Approach''. Oxford: Blackwell. {{ISBN|0-631-23463-2}} (hardcover); {{ISBN|0-631-23464-0}} (paperback) * Sampson, Geoffrey. 1985. ''Writing Systems''. Stanford, California: [[Stanford University Press]]. {{ISBN|0-8047-1756-7}} (paper), {{ISBN|0-8047-1254-9}} (cloth). * [[William A. Smalley|Smalley, W. A.]] (ed.) 1964. ''Orthography studies: articles on new writing systems''. London: United Bible Society. {{refend}} == Mga panluwas na takod == * [http://writsy.oxfordjournals.org/current.dtl/ Writing Systems Research] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303044746/http://writsy.oxfordjournals.org/current.dtl |date=2010-03-03 }} Free first issue of a journal devoted to research on writing systems * [http://www.archchinese.com/ Arch Chinese (Traditional & Simplified)] Chinese character writing animations and native speaker pronunciations * [https://sensiblechinese.com/how-to-learn-chinese-characters Sensible Chinese] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210319134101/https://sensiblechinese.com/how-to-learn-chinese-characters/ |date=2021-03-19 }} A practical guide to approaching the Chinese writing system * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140312143430/http://www.decodeunicode.org/ decodeunicode] Unicode Wiki with all 98,884 Unicode 5.0 characters as gifs in three sizes * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110903111358/http://www.library.cornell.edu/africana/Writing_Systems/Welcome.html African writing systems] * [http://www.omniglot.com/index.htm Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages] * [http://www.ancientscripts.com/ws.html Ancient Scripts] Introduction to different writing systems * [http://www.evertype.com/alphabets/index.html Alphabets of Europe] * [http://www.ccelian.com/ElianScriptFull.html Elian script] a writing system that combines the linearity of spelling with the free-form aspects of drawing. {{Authority control}} {{poon}} [[Kategorya:Pagsusurat]] [[Kategorya:Mga sistema nin pagsusurat]] [[Kategorya:Tipograpiya]] 69pf2l3b9m1hakewgesreomhkm3ddbz 0 31752 311798 310394 2026-10-24T14:44:33Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist|name=|image=Reese Lansangan Makati on 17 June 2016.jpg|image_size=|caption=Si Lansangan kan 2016|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1990|10|16}}|origin=[[Quezon City]], [[Philippines]]|genre=[[Indie pop]], folk|occupation=Singer, songwriter, author, visual artist, graphic and fashion designer|instrument={{hlist|Vocals|[[ukulele]]|guitar|keyboards}}|years_active=2009-present|label=Independent|associated_acts={{hlist|[[Reese & Vica]]|Dressed Up Days|[[Abra (rapper)|Abra]]|[[Quest (singer)|Quest]]|[[Franco (band)|Franco]]|[[Clara Benin]]|I Belong to the Zoo}}|website={{url|reeselansangan.com}}}} Si '''Maria Therese "Reese" Lansangan''' (namundag Oktubre 16, 1990) sarong Filipinong musikero, parakanta-parasurat kanta, artista biswal, paradisenyo nin grapiko, paradisenyo nin moda, asin nagpupublikar na awtor.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.philstar.com/ystyle/2014/07/18/1347321/electric-youth-28-designers-watch-out|title=Electric youth: 28 designers to watch out for}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.summitmedia.com.ph/news/in-case-you-come-back|title=Over 100 beautiful poems in Summit Books' In Case You Come Back|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212000344/https://www.summitmedia.com.ph/news/in-case-you-come-back|archivedate=2021-12-12|accessdate=2021-12-12}}</ref> Bantog siya sa saiyang 2015 debut na album na ''Arigato'', ''Internet!'', asin an kabanga kan katutubong duwahan na [[Reese and Vica]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.philstar.com:8080/young-star/2015/12/04/1528649/girl-online|title=Girl Online|last=Manalansan|first=Maine|date=2015-12-04}}</ref><ref name="theguidon2011">{{Cite news|url=http://www.theguidon.com/1112/main/2011/06/reese-lansangan-the-best-of-all-worlds/|title=Reese Lansangan: The best of all worlds|last=Benipayo|first=Camila D.|date=2011-06-15|accessdate=2021-12-12|archivedate=2017-02-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217085451/http://www.theguidon.com/1112/main/2011/06/reese-lansangan-the-best-of-all-worlds/}}</ref> == 2013 Mga Elemento Nasyonal nin Musika == Kan 2013, inako siya sa iginagalang na gayong Ellement National Music Camp kan Pilipinas, kun sain siya nainsemento kan mga kapareho ni Ryan Cayabyab, Joey Ayala asin Noel Cabangon, kaiba an iba. Element National Music Camp, Ryan, Cayabyab, Joey Ayalla, Nel Cabangon. == "Arigato, Internet!," 2015 & 2016 == Kan Disyembre 6, 2015, ipiglansar ni Lansengan an saiyang debut album na inapod "Arirato, Internet!" sa Green Sun, Makati. An album, na iyo an saiyang paagi nin pagpasalamat sa Internet, kompuesto nin 11 awit, na isinurat asin ginibo nia mismo, sa tabang nin nagkapirang katood.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://statusmagonline.com/features/reese-lansangan-interview-december-2015/|title=Reese Lansangan: Extramillennial Life|accessdate=2021-12-12|archivedate=2016-08-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822174105/http://statusmagonline.com/features/reese-lansangan-interview-december-2015/}}</ref>{{Track listing|all_writing=Reese Lansangan|length14=|title10=On Wednesdays We Wear Pink|note10=homage to the movie Mean Girls (2004), Ukulele: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Percusion: Mark Villena|length10=4:36|title11=Go Online|note11=Ukulele: Reese Lansangan|length11=5:03|title12=|length12=|title13=|length13=|title14=|title15=|note9=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Kick & Keys: Cholo Hermosa|length15=|title16=|length16=|title17=|length17=|title18=|length18=|title19=|length19=|title20=|length20=|length9=5:03|title9=St. Petersburg|all_music=Reese Lansangan|title4=Code of Kin|collapsed=yes|title1=Exploration No. 5|note1=Ukulele: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Bongos: Carlo Maraingan|length1=3:48|extra1=|title2=Grammar Nazi|note2=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Percussive sounds: Both|length2=4:40|title3=Creeper|note3=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Drums: Gabba Santiago, Upright bass: Miko Villena|length3=4:57|note4=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Cello: Coeli San Luis, Keys & Synths: Cholo Hermosa|length8=3:31|length4=4:03|title5=Slick|note5=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Bongos: Carlo Maraingan|length5=3:49|title6=Bleed|note6=Lead guitar: Josh VIllena, Drums: Gabba Santiago, Keys: Kai Honasan, Bass: Miko Villena|length6=3:51|title7=A Song About Space|note7=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Keys: Kai Honasan, Synths: Cris Garcimo|length7=4:24|title8=Autopilot|note8=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Drums: Mark Villena, Bass: Miko Villena|total_length=47:45}} {{Track listing|all_writing=Reese Lansangan|length14=|title10=On Wednesdays We Wear Pink|note10=homage to the movie Mean Girls (2004), Ukulele: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Percusion: Mark Villena|length10=4:36|title11=Go Online|note11=Ukulele: Reese Lansangan|length11=5:03|title12=|length12=|title13=|length13=|title14=|title15=|note9=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Kick & Keys: Cholo Hermosa|length15=|title16=|length16=|title17=|length17=|title18=|length18=|title19=|length19=|title20=|length20=|length9=5:03|title9=St. Petersburg|all_music=Reese Lansangan|title4=Code of Kin|collapsed=yes|title1=Exploration No. 5|note1=Ukulele: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Bongos: Carlo Maraingan|length1=3:48|extra1=|title2=Grammar Nazi|note2=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Percussive sounds: Both|length2=4:40|title3=Creeper|note3=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Drums: Gabba Santiago, Upright bass: Miko Villena|length3=4:57|note4=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Cello: Coeli San Luis, Keys & Synths: Cholo Hermosa|length8=3:31|length4=4:03|title5=Slick|note5=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Bongos: Carlo Maraingan|length5=3:49|title6=Bleed|note6=Lead guitar: Josh VIllena, Drums: Gabba Santiago, Keys: Kai Honasan, Bass: Miko Villena|length6=3:51|title7=A Song About Space|note7=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Keys: Kai Honasan, Synths: Cris Garcimo|length7=4:24|title8=Autopilot|note8=Guitar: Reese Lansangan, Lead guitar: Josh Villena, Drums: Mark Villena, Bass: Miko Villena|total_length=47:45}} Sarong taon matapos, pig-anunsyo ni Lansan na magkakaigwa an album nin sarong limitadong edisyon resue, na igwang 7 mga rawit-dawit na bonus sa pakikipagtabangan kan iba pang mga lokal na artista.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bandwagon.asia/articles/reese-lansangan-announce-reissue-of-arigato-internet-on-vinyl-plus-a-new-line-of-merchandise|title=Reese Lansangan announces "Arigato, Internet!" reissue, plus a new line of merchandise|date=2016-12-06|work=Reese Lansangan announces &quot;Arigato, Internet!&quot; reissue, plus a new line of merchandise {{!}} Editorial {{!}} Bandwagon - Live music, bands and concert guide for Singapore, Manila and Jakarta|language=en}}</ref> An pig-ereng album piglansar kan Pebrero 12, 2017 sa Ang Espanyol, Makati.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bandwagon.asia/articles/reese-lansangan-announces-domo-arigato-autotelic-jensen-gomez-tandems-91|title=Reese Lansangan throws 'Domo Arigato!' party with Jensen Gomez, Josh Villena and Tandems '91|date=2017-02-09|work=Reese Lansangan throws &#39;Domo Arigato!&#39; party with Jensen Gomez, Josh Villena and Tandems &#39;91 {{!}} Editorial {{!}} Bandwagon - Live music, bands and concert guide for Singapore, Manila and Jakarta|language=en}}</ref>{{Track listing|all_writing=Reese Lansangan|title15=|length10=|title11=|length11=|title12=|length12=|title13=|length13=|title14=|length14=|length15=|length9=|title16=|length16=|title17=|length17=|title18=|length18=|title19=|length19=|title20=|length20=|title10=|title9=|collapsed=yes|note4=remix produced by April Hernandez and Clarence Garcia|title1=Grammar Nazi (BP Valenzuela remix)|note1=remix produced by BP Valenzuela|length1=|title2=Autopilot (Moonlighter remix)|note2=remix produced by Lester Cruz|length2=|title3=Exploration No. 5 (CRWN remix)|note3=remix produced by King Puentespina|length3=|title4=Bleed (Area 25 remix)|length4=|length8=|title5=Home|note5=music & lyrics by Reese Lansangan, Arranged by Reese Lansangan, Choi Padilla, Allen Articulo|length5=|title6=Trophy Boy (2010 Version)|note6=music & lyrics by Reese Lansangan, Arrangement by Reese Lansangan, Recorded by Ace Libre, Mixed by Francis Victa|length6=|title7=St. Petersburg (Band version)|note7=music & lyrics by Reese Lansangan, Arrangement by Reese Lansangan, Josh Villena, Gabba Santiago, Lead guitar by Josh Villena, Drums by Gabba Santiago, Drums by Jason Conanan|length7=|title8=|total_length=}} {{Track listing|all_writing=Reese Lansangan|title15=|length10=|title11=|length11=|title12=|length12=|title13=|length13=|title14=|length14=|length15=|length9=|title16=|length16=|title17=|length17=|title18=|length18=|title19=|length19=|title20=|length20=|title10=|title9=|collapsed=yes|note4=remix produced by April Hernandez and Clarence Garcia|title1=Grammar Nazi (BP Valenzuela remix)|note1=remix produced by BP Valenzuela|length1=|title2=Autopilot (Moonlighter remix)|note2=remix produced by Lester Cruz|length2=|title3=Exploration No. 5 (CRWN remix)|note3=remix produced by King Puentespina|length3=|title4=Bleed (Area 25 remix)|length4=|length8=|title5=Home|note5=music & lyrics by Reese Lansangan, Arranged by Reese Lansangan, Choi Padilla, Allen Articulo|length5=|title6=Trophy Boy (2010 Version)|note6=music & lyrics by Reese Lansangan, Arrangement by Reese Lansangan, Recorded by Ace Libre, Mixed by Francis Victa|length6=|title7=St. Petersburg (Band version)|note7=music & lyrics by Reese Lansangan, Arrangement by Reese Lansangan, Josh Villena, Gabba Santiago, Lead guitar by Josh Villena, Drums by Gabba Santiago, Drums by Jason Conanan|length7=|title8=|total_length=}} == "Of Sound Min & Memoriy" (EP), 2017 == Sarong sorpresa, apat-na-ribong EP tituladong "Of Sound Min & Memoriy" an pinaluwas kan Abril 30, 2017, na sinasabing ni Lansan bilang "sarong hararom na personal na ladawan kan buhay asin kamugtakan nin tawo."<ref>{{Citation|title=Of Sound Mind & Memory}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://reeselansangan.com/ofsoundmind/|title=Of Sound Mind & Memory|date=2017-04-27|language=en-US|accessdate=2021-12-12|archivedate=2019-07-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730221846/http://reeselansangan.com/ofsoundmind/}}</ref>{{Track listing|all_writing=Maria Therese E. Lansangan|collapsed=yes|title1=Aristophanes|length1=1:59|title2=Machines and Men|length2=5:06|title3=For The Fickle|length3=5:54|title4=Wildwood|length4=4:06|total_length=17:06}} == "Pag-andam sa Interim" (EP), 2020 == An pagkawat nin Prestend sa Interim pusoan, makarawat, asin an bagong Reese na dai nindo noarin man naisip.<ref>{{Citation|title=Playing Pretend in the Interim}}</ref> Ini limang-track na EP nin mga kanta nahaman sa panahon nin pagsusuway. Ini sarong eksperiyensiya sa pagsurat sagkod pagsisiyasat sa sadiri bilang sarong tawo na kaibahan sa pamumuhay asin para sa iba. Sinurat niya an mga kantang ini sa iba-ibang pananaw asin mga karakter (sarong ensiklopedyang bentahe, sarong halawig na celebrity, sarong hayupidong kalag...) - na nahihiling an mga hiper-sepikal na agi-agi na may sinublian na mga mata. Kompwesto ini nin pag-aadal, imahinasyon, mga ikaduwang istorya, mga kasaysayan, asin mga bagay na saiyang nadangog asin pinaghihiling sa dalan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=OLAK5uy_lY6bIzAt96LKCk-fqnpyUpnV29LtbSkA0|date=2021-02-17|language=en-US}}</ref> An EP sarong paagi nin pagdulag sa katunayan sa kadikit na panahon, na nagtatao nin lugar para sa pagngalas asin pagkawat.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://genius.com/albums/Reese-lansangan/Playing-pretend-in-the-interim|language=en-US}}</ref> == Coke Studio PH Season 1 (2017) == Kan inot na season kan Coke Studio PH, nakaiba ni Reese Lansean an Filipinong bandang Franco para sa sarong konsyerto kan Coke Studio PH. Franco.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://udou.ph/2017/09/08/listen-to-franco-x-reese-lansangans-songs-for-coke-studio-ph/|title=Listen to Franco X Reese Lansangan's Songs for Coke Studio PH|date=2017-09-08|language=en-US}}</ref> Nagtugtog sinda nin sarong kanta hale sa mga dalan kan kada saro sa sadiri nindang traduksion asin nin sarong biyong bagong awit, na pareho nindang ginibo. == Paramore Front Act (2018) == Kan Agosto 23, 2018, si Lansegan kaiba an saiyang gitarista, si Josh Villena, ginibo bilang pambukas na akto para sa iginagalang na gayong pop punk band, Paramore, sa saindang ikatolong pagsongko sa Manila, Filipinas para sa saindang Tour Four Josh Vilena Paramore. == Personal na buhay == Naggraduwar si Lansan sa Ateneo de Manila na Unibersidad kan 2011 na may Bachelor of Fine Arts degree sa disenyo nin impormasyon. === Ipinublikar na autor === Si Lansengan nag'akò man nin sarong librong tula, Sa Case Ka Magbalik ki Marla Miniano asin Jamie Catt kan 2016. An libro igwa nin mga mushing dapit sa iba-ibang tema arog kan pagkamoot, pamilya, mga adbentura, pagkaaki, mga insent, asin mga kuris, kaiba an iba pang bagay. Kan Setyembre 2017, an tolo sa sainda nagpaluwas nin ikaduwang libro na inapod, The Maps na Contain Our, sarong parasurat nin berso asin kilyab na osipon. An Mga Mapa na Nakasakod Sato, sarong berso asin kilyab na osipon.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://billboard.ph/reese-lansangan-announces-new-book-maps-contain-us/|title=Reese Lansangan Announces New Book 'The Maps That Contain Us' - Billboard Philippines}}</ref> === Pagbasa nin adbokasiya === Rinekonoser ni Lansengan na an mga libro asin pagbasa igwa nin dakulang kabtang sa saiyang buhay, asin nin dakulang impluwensia sa saiyang arte. Durante nin sarong kapiestahan sa US kan 2015, pinonan nia an sarong personal na tradisyon na inaapod niang #AriratoInternetHunt, kun saen itinatago nia an mga kopya kan saiyang album sa manlaenlaen na libro, tanganing hanapon kan mga estranghero. #AriratoInternetHunt.<ref name="bandwagon">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bandwagon.asia/articles/reese-lansangan-takes-the-arigatointernethunt-to-fully-booked-stores|title=Reese Lansangan takes the #ArigatoInternetHunt to Fully Booked stores|date=2017-03-19}}</ref> Ginibo niyang opisyal na patiribayan an tradisyon, na nagtatrabaho kaiba an tindahan nin libro sa Filipinas na Fully Booked (na inapod niyang saiyang "fadorite booktore.") kan 2017.<ref name="bandwagon" /> == Discograpiya == === The Studio albums === * Arimato, Internet! (2015). * ''Arimato, Internet! (Domo Arirato Edisyon)'' (2016) * Time Well Spent (2021) Panahon na Marhay na Espanyol (2021) === Eksbentadong mga drama === * Manongod sa Marahay na Isip & Memory (2017) Of Sound Min & Memory * Pagkawat nin Preserba sa Interim (2002) Playing Pretenido sa Interim == Mga gawad & nominasyon == === Mga Onra sa Musika === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" !Taon !Award !Daing laog na trabaho !Resulta !{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}} |- |2018 |Importanteng Koleksion Dapit sa Taon | align="center" |"Exporation No. 5" |{{nom}} | |- |2020 |Mga Kontemporanyong Folk Awit kan Taon | align="center" |"Ang Oportunidad na Pasiring sa An Bulan" |{{won}} | |} == Reperensya ==   <references />{{Poon}} [[Kategorya:1990 nagkamurundag]] npcsjp6nslgjxlf3alg48egq5hzeyzi 10 32085 311809 248470 2026-10-24T20:07:20Z RicLightning 33420 311809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = Kingdom of England | shortname alias = England | flag alias = Flag of England.svg | flag alias-anglo-saxon = White Dragon Flag of England.png | flag alias-1198 = Royal Standard of England.svg | flag alias-1340 = Royal Standard of England (1411-1553-1559-1603).svg | flag alias-1395 = Royal Standard of England (1395–1399).svg | flag alias-1406 = Royal standard of England (1406–1603).svg | flag alias-1554 = Royal Standard of England (1554–1558).svg | flag alias-blue = English Blue Ensign 1620.svg | flag alias-white = English White Ensign 1620.svg | flag alias-naval = English Red Ensign 1620.svg | link alias-naval = Royal Navy | link alias-army = English Army | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | variant = {{{variant|}}} <noinclude> | var1 = anglo-saxon | var2 = 1198 | var3 = 1340 | var4 = 1395 | var5 = 1406 | var6 = 1554 | var7 = blue | var8 = white | related1 = England | related2 = Danelaw | related3 = North Sea Empire | cat = England kingdom </noinclude> }} bqemnekw4leqovt0pb6b02oep0sk77p 0 44795 311788 308403 2026-10-24T12:09:51Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311788 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement | name = Nagaland | official_name = State of Nagaland | type = State | image_seal = | etymology = Land of [[Naga people|Nagas]] | image_skyline = {{Photomontage | photo1a = Kohima 24 July 2021.jpeg | photo2a = Kapamodzu.jpg | photo2b = Doyang Lake House.jpg | photo3a = SaurabhSawant DzukouValley Khonoma Nagaland MG 2559.jpg | size = 280 | spacing = 1 | position = centre | border = 1 | color = white | text = {{Center|Clockwise from top:{{flatlist| * [[Kohima]] * [[Doyang]] * [[Dzüko Valley|Western Dzüko Valley]] * [[Kapamüdzü|Kapamüdzü Peak]] }} }} }} | nickname = Switzerland of the East, Land of Festivals, Falcon Capital of the World | motto = Unity | image_map = IN-NL.svg | coordinates = {{coord|25.67|94.12|region:IN-NL_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}} | region = Northeast India | before_was = Part of [[Assam]] | formation_date4 = 1 December 1963 | capital = Kohima | largestcity = Dimapur | districts = [[List of districts of Nagaland|16]] | Governor = [[La. Ganesan]] | Chief_Minister = [[Neiphiu Rio]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Neiphiu Rio sworn in as Nagaland Chief Minister, becomes 1st Nagaland leader to take oath outside Raj Bhavan|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/mar/08/neiphiu-rio-sworn-in-as-nagaland-chief-minister-becomes-1st-nagaland-leader-to-take-oath-outside-ra-1783953.html|work=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=8 March 2018|access-date=8 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308231906/http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/mar/08/neiphiu-rio-sworn-in-as-nagaland-chief-minister-becomes-1st-nagaland-leader-to-take-oath-outside-ra-1783953.html|archive-date=8 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> | party = [[Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party|NDPP]] | Deputy_CM = [[T. R. Zeliang]] (NDPP)<br/>[[Yanthungo Patton]] ([[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]) | judiciary = [[Gauhati High Court#The Kohima Bench for Nagaland state| Guwahati High Court -Kohima Bench]] | legislature_type = Unicameral | assembly = [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly]] | assembly_seats = 60 seats | rajya_sabha_seats = 1 seat | lok_sabha_seats = 1 seat | area_total_km2 = 16579 | area_rank = 25th | elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |title=GEOGRAPHY OF NAGALAND |url=https://nsdma.nagaland.gov.in/geography-of-nagaland#:~:text=Nearly%20all%20of%20Nagaland%20is,6%2C000%20feet%20(1%2C830%20metres) |url-status=live |access-date=2023-09-10 |archive-date=2023-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324202958/https://nsdma.nagaland.gov.in/geography-of-nagaland#:~:text=Nearly%20all%20of%20Nagaland%20is,6%2C000%20feet%20(1%2C830%20metres) |dead-url=yes}}</ref> | elevation_m = 610 | elevation_max_m = 3,841 | elevation_max_point = [[Mount Saramati]] | elevation_min_m = 140 | elevation_min_point = [[Dimapur]] | population_total = {{DecreaseNeutral}} 1,980,602 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_rank = 26th | population_density = 119 | population_urban = 28.86% | population_rural = 71.14% | population_demonym = [[Naga people|Nagas]] | 0fficial_Langs = [[English language|English]] | official_script = [[Latin script]] | GDP_total = {{Increase}}{{INRConvert|0.373|lc|lk=r}} | GDP_year = 2023–24 | GDP_rank = 30th | GDP_per_capita = {{Increase}}{{INRConvert|123385|lk=r}} | GDP_per_capita_rank = 19th | HDI = {{Steady}} 0.676 {{color|#fc0|Medium}} | HDI_year = 2017 | HDI_rank = 20th | literacy = {{Increase}} 79.55% | literacy_year = 2011 | literacy_rank = 15th | sex_ratio = 931[[female|♀]]/1000 [[male|♂]] | sexratio_year = 2011 | sexratio_rank = 18th | iso_code = IN-NL | registration_plate = NL | website = nagaland.gov.in | mammal = [[File:БСЭ1. Гаял.jpg|50px|left]] [[Gayal|Mithun]] | bird = [[File:TragopanBlythWolf.jpg|50px|left]] [[Blyth's tragopan]] | flower = [[File:Rhododendron ponticum actm 06.jpg|50px|left]] [[Rhododendron]] | tree = [[File:Alnus Olsza 2020-07-31 01.jpg|50px|left]] [[Alder]] | image_highway = SH IN-NL.png }} An '''Nagaland''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|ɑː|ɡ|ə|l|æ|n|d}}) iyo an mayong baybayon na [[Estado asin teritoryo kan Indya|estado]] sa [[Amihanan-subangan na Indya|amihanan-subangan na rehiyon]] kan [[Indya]]. Napapalibotan iyan kan mga estado kan Indya na [[Arunachal Pradesh]] sa amihanan, [[Assam]] sa solnopan, [[Manipur]] sa habagatan, asin kan [[Sagaing Region]] kan [[Myanmar|Myanmar (Burma)]] sa subangan. An saiyang kabisera iyo an [[Kohima]] asin an saiyang pinakadakulang syudad iyo an kakambal na [[Chümoukedima]]–[[Dimapur]]. An estado igwa nin area na {{convert|16,579|km2}} na may populasyon na 1,980,602 as per kan [[2011 Sensus kan Indya]], piggigibo iyan na saro sa pinakasadit na estado kan Indya.<ref name="coiprov">[http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/nagaland/8-fig_naga-9.pdf Census of India 2011] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130207011822/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/nagaland/8-fig_naga-9.pdf|date=7 February 2013}} Govt of India</ref> == Toltolan == {{reflist}} {{stub}} 98s8ybjvkyup1bus6blzl0bh614vqtm 0 47570 311801 306597 2026-10-24T15:54:03Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311801 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ladawan:Clipeus Selene Terme.jpg|thumb|Clipeus Selene Terme.jpg]]   Sa suanoy na mitolohiya saka relihiyon kan Greek, si '''Selene''' ({{IPAc-en|s|ɪ|ˈ|l|iː|n|iː}}; {{lang-grc-gre|[[wikt:Σελήνη|Σελήνη]]}} {{IPA-el|selɛ̌ːnɛː|pron}}{{IPA-el|selɛ̌ːnɛː|pron}}{{IPA-el|selɛ̌ːnɛː|pron}} {{respell|seh|LEH|neh}}, ibigsabihon "Bulan") <ref name=":lsj2">''[[A Greek–English Lexicon]]'' [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=selh/nh s.v. σελήνη].</ref> Na ang diyosa asin personipikasyon kan [[Bulan|Bulan.]] Bisto manbilang '''Mene,''' siya na tradisyonal na aki kan mga [[Titans na Hyperion]] asin[[Theia]], asin tugang kan diyos kan saldang na si si Helios at ang diyosa ng bukang-liwayway na si [[:en:Eos|Eos]]. Pinapamahalaan niya ang saiyang bulanang karwahe sa panganuron. Kadakol mga nag iilusyon ang iniuugnay sa sasaiya sa iba't ibang mga alamat, kaiba si [[Zeus, Pan]], saka ang mortal na si [[Endymion.]] Sa post-classical na mga panahon, si Selene pirming napagkakamalan na si Artemis, arog kan saiyang mga tugang na lalaki, si Helios, napagkakamalang si Apollo. Sinda Selene saka Artemis nag sususog man ki Hecate saka ang tulong mga diyosa kan bulan saka buwan, pero si Selene lamang ang itinuturing na personipikasyon ng Buwan mismo. An katumbas niya sa relihiyon asin mitolohiyang Romano iyo an diyosa na si[[:en:Luna_(goddess)|Luna]]<ref>Smith, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=selene-bio-1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104 s.v. Selene]; Kerényi, [https://archive.org/details/godsofgreeks00kerrich/page/196/mode/2up?view=theater pp. 196–197]; ''[[Oxford Classical Dictionary]]'', s.v. Selene; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA46 p. 46]; Morford, pp. [https://archive.org/details/classicalmytholo0000morf_8ed/page/64/mode/2up?view=theater 64], [https://archive.org/details/classicalmytholo0000morf_8ed/page/219/mode/2up?view=theater 219–221].</ref>   == Etymolohiya asin ginikanan == === Mga Ngaran === [[Ladawan:Sarcophagus_Selene_Endymion_Met_47.100.4ab_n03.jpg|wala|thumb|An pag - akto nin sarong Sarcofagus na naglaladawan kan Endymion asin Selene, na ipinaheling paagi sa saiyang karakteristiko bilang mga atributong korona, na nagbibibong tahob (na may atop) asin langitnon na karuwahe, poon ika-19 siglo AD, Romanong Imperyo.<ref>Sorrenti, p. 370.</ref>]] An ngaran na "Selene" hale sa Griegong nombreng ''selas''(''{{lang|grc|σέλας}}''),na nangangahulogan "liwanag, kaliwanagan, kakinangan".<ref>Athanassakis and Wolkow, [https://books.google.com/books?id=TTo3r8IHy0wC&pg=PA90 p. 90, on lines 1&#x2013;2]; Kerényi, [https://archive.org/details/godsofgreeks00kerrich/page/196/mode/2up?view=theater pp. 196–197]; Keightley, [https://books.google.com/books?id=YhsYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA56 p. 56].</ref> Sa mga diyalektong[[:en:Doric_Greek|Doric]] asin [[:en:Aeolic_Greek|Aeolic,]] pigsasayod man an saiyang pangaran {{lang|grc|Σελάνα}} (''''Selánna'''') asin{{lang|grc|Σελάννα}}(''Selánna'').<ref name=":lsj">''[[A Greek–English Lexicon]]'' [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=selh/nh s.v. σελήνη].</ref> Si Selene inapod man na <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mene_(goddess)" rel="mw:ExtLink" title="Mene (goddess)" class="cx-link" data-linkid="1010">Mene</a>..<ref>Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA46 p. 46]; ''[[Oxford Classical Dictionary]]'', s.v. Selene; Smith, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=selene-bio-1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104 s.v. Selene].</ref> An Griegong tataramon na ''mene'', an boot sabihon bulan, asin an lunar na bulan.<ref>Athanassakis and Wolkow, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=TTo3r8IHy0wC&pg=PA90 90, on lines 1&#x2013;2], [https://books.google.com/books?id=TTo3r8IHy0wC&pg=PA91 91, on line 5]; Kerényi, [https://archive.org/details/godsofgreeks00kerrich/page/197/mode/2up?view=theater p. 197]. </ref> An pormang masculinea nin misa (lalaki) iyo man ''mane'' kan bulanan na [[:en:Phrygia|Phrygian]]<nowiki/>god [[Men.]]<ref>''[[Oxford Classical Dictionary]]'', s.v. Selene; Kerényi, [https://archive.org/details/godsofgreeks00kerrich/page/197/mode/2up?view=theater p. 197].</ref> Mga Mene asin mga lalaki pareho nakukua sa[[:en:Proto-Greek|Proto-Hellenic]] ''*méns'' ("bulan"), mismo gikan sa[[:en:Proto-Indo-European|Proto-Indo-European]] (na boot sabihon bulan, an lunar na bulan), na posibleng hale sa gamot na ''*meh1''- ("magsukol"), asin ini katampad kan Ingles na tataramon na "Moon" asin "komunante".<ref>Beekes, p. 945.</ref> An Griegong pilosopo na si Crysippus ininterpretar an Selene asin Men nin siring man, an babaeng may lalaki saka mga aspekto kan iyo man sanang dios.<ref>Obbink 2002, [https://books.google.com/books?id=3xf0DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 p. 200].</ref> Minsan ngani mayong malinaw na pagpapatunay para ki Selene mismo (o siisay man na nag - aasikaso sa saiya) an nadiskobre pero sa Griegong Mycenae, an termino para sa bulanan na 'mga lalaki' nakua sa Linear B spelled bilang {{Lang|gmy|{{script|Linb|𐀕𐀜}}}} (me-no, hale sa pormang {{lang|grc|μηνός}}, ''mēnós''). <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palaeolexicon.com/Word/Show/16804/|website=www.palaeolexicon.com|title=The Linear B word me-no|access-date=April 8, 2023}}</ref> Siring man ki Helios, poon kan siya mabisto ki Apolo, inaapod na Phoebus ("bight"), Selene, gikan sa pagbisto niya ki Artemis, inapod man na Photobe (pagbilog nin mga babayi).<ref>Morford, [https://archive.org/details/classicalmytholo0000morf_8ed/page/64/mode/2up?view=theater p. 64]; Smith, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=selene-bio-1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104 s.v. Selene]. </ref> Hale man ki Artemis, si Selene kun minsan inaapod na "Cynthia", na boot sabihon "siya kan Bukid nin Cynthia" (an kinamundagan ni Artemis).<ref>Pannen, [https://books.google.com/books?id=37CPbHwqPjwC&pg=PA96 p. 96]. </ref> === Pinaghalian === Si Selene, kaiba an saiyang tugang na lalaki, an saiyang tugang asin an dios sa langit na si Zeus, saro sa pira sanang Griegong dios nin malinaw na mga tataramon na Proto-Indo - Europeano, minsan ngani sinda kuminampi kan huring bakong-PIE bagong abot sa panpineksion, mantang nagdadanay sa gilid kaiyan an pangenot nindang trabaho, tanganing magin saradit na dios an mayor na mga tawo pinapagdadanay na nasa tamang kamugtakan pasiring sa relihion nin Grecia.[15] An orihinal na dios nin bulan ibinalik bilang ''*Meh1not'' (na hale dian kinua an 'Maene', Selene's bynam), asin minalataw na iyan sarong lalaking diyos.[16][17] Minsan siring, an Griegong onoot kan dios na ini babae, arog kan maheheling sa saindang lenguahe sa suanoy na punto de vista nin mga Griego manongod sa kinaban. An suanoy na Griegong tataramon igwa nin tolong gematikong gene (masculine, pambabae asin neuter), kaya kun an sarong dios o diosa nagpersonipikar sa bagay o ideya, minana ninda an sekso kan katimbang na nombre; selene, termino sa Griego para ki 'Mo', may kualidad na babae (kun an mga tawo maskulino) man iyan huli ta an pagkadepisador na nagluluwas kaiyan iyo an kaipuhan nin babae.<ref>Hansen 2004, p. [https://archive.org/details/handbookofclassi0000hans/page/26/mode/2up?view=theater 27]</ref> Sa PIEthlome, an Bulan, na sarong pigurang lalaki, hinihiling na nagbibilog nin padis-samaan na pag'isyo sa Saldang, na mayóng babae, asin sa mitolohiyang Griego minimidbid sa pagkalalaki asin tugang ni Selene na si Helis.[19] Minsan siring, minalataw na bakong arog kan Dawn (Eos) asin mga Sun (Helio), an Bulan kadikiton an halaga sa mitolohiyang PIE.[17][20] == Mga Deskripsiyon == [[Ladawan:Statua_di_Selene.jpg|wala|thumb|Estatuwa ni Selene sa puting marmol, ikaduwang kabanga kan ika-19 siglo AD]] Nakalalabot sa pisikal na itsura asin karakter ni Selene, apuwera kan mga maaplikar mismo sa bulan. Mayo nin sinambit na Selene bilang sarong diyosa sa manungod ki ''[[Iliada|Iliid]]'' o sa ''[[Odisea|Odysey]]'' of [[Homero|Homer]],<ref>Stoll, [https://books.google.com/books?id=UWoBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA61 p. 61].</ref> mantang an saiyang solong pagsambit sa Teogony ni [[Helios]]" id="mwnw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hesiod">Hesiod iyo an aking babayi kan Hiperion asin Theia, saka tugang niya si Helis asin Eos.[1]<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:371-403 371&#x2013;374] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329000710/http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:371-403 |date=2020-03-29 }}.</ref> Alagad, siya an tema kan saro sa ika-tulong Homeric Hymns, na iyo an nagtatao nin minasunod na deskripsyon: == Mitolohiya == === Diosa kan Bulan === [[Ladawan:Diana-selene,_da_originale_ellenistico,_da_porta_s._sebastiano_02.JPG|wala|thumb|Ipinaheling ni Selene na sulot nia an mga bangkay sa saiyang angog asin kapot an karaba sa too niang kamot, mantang an tahob kaini nagbibiklad kan payo.]] Arog kan tugang niyang si Helios, an diyos na Saldang, na minamaneho sa langit aroaldaw an saiyang karwaheng saldang. Sinasabi man ini ni Selene tanganing magmaneho nin karuwahe paibong sa kalangitan.<ref>Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA46 p. 46]; Keightley; [https://books.google.com/books?id=YhsYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA54 p. 54]; [[Pindar]], ''Olympian'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DO.%3Apoem%3D3 3.19–20]; [[Euripides]], ''[[The Suppliants (Euripides)|The Suppliants]]'', [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0006.tlg008.perseus-eng1:990-1008 990&#x2013;994] {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}; [[Theocritus]], [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/theocritus-poems_i-xxx/2015/pb_LCL028.57.xml 2.163&#x2013;166]; [[Ovid]], ''[[Fasti (poem)|Fasti]]'' [https://archive.org/details/ovidsfasti00oviduoft/page/128/mode/2up?view=theater 3.109–110], [https://archive.org/details/ovidsfasti00oviduoft/page/216/mode/2up?view=theater 4.373–374], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/ovid-metamorphoses/1916/pb_LCL042.75.xml 2.208&#x2013;209]; [[Gaius Valerius Flaccus|Valerius Flaccus]], ''Argonautica'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/valerius_flaccus-argonautica/1934/pb_LCL286.275.xml 5.410&#x2013;415]; [[Statius]], [[Thebaid (Latin poem)|''Thebaid'']] [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/statius-thebaid/2004/pb_LCL207.67.xml 1.336&#x2013;341].</ref> Mayo nin sinambit na karwahe si Selene sa arin man ki [[Homero|Homer]] o Hesiod,<ref>Keightley, [https://books.google.com/books?id=YhsYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA54 p. 54].</ref> alagad an Homeric Hymn to Selene, nagtatao kan minasunod na deskripsiyon: == Hilingon pa == {{Portal|Ancient Greece|Mythology|Religion}} * Nariribong na dios * Listahan nin lunar na mga dios * Diana (mytolohiya) * Bitoon asin Pamamaagi == Mga Toltolan == <references /> {{Tamboan}}  l4c4plo8eeps6hjp2e07v6y73dihnls 0 50846 311803 298586 2026-10-24T16:45:44Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311803 wikitext text/x-wiki An sarong '''tawong anino''' (na midbid man bilang '''anino na pigura''' o '''itom na masa''' ) iyo an pagmansay sa anino bilang sarong buhay na klase, [[humanoid]] na pigura, na minsan pig-interpretar bilang presensya nin sarong [[Spirit (supernatural entity)|espiritu]] o iba pang entidad kan mga paratubod sa [[paranormal]] o [[Sobrenatural|supernatural]] . <ref name="Idiot's Guide">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0lkscwxGSoAC&pg=PA122|title=The Complete Idiot's Guide to Life After Death|last=Ahlquist|first=Diane|publisher=[[Penguin Group]]|year=2007|isbn=978-1-59257-651-7|location=USA|page=122}}</ref> == Kasaysayan asin osipon == An nagkapirang relihiyon, alamat, asin sistema nin pagtubod naglaladawan nin [[Sobrenatural|mga supernatural]] na entidad arog kan [[Shade (mythology)|mga anino]] kan kinaban kan mga gadan, asin an manlaen-laen na mga anino na linalang haloy nang nagin pangenot na mga osipon asin mga istoryang multo, arog kan Islamic [[Jinn]] asin an Choctaw [[Choctaw mythology#Shadow-like beings|Nalusa Chito]] . <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=No8SDgAAQBAJ&dq=Shadow+person+Jinn&pg=PT183|title=Demons, the Devil, and Fallen Angels|last=Jones|first=Marie D.|last2=Flaxman|first2=Larry|date=2017-09-01|publisher=Visible Ink Press|isbn=978-1-57859-667-6|language=en}}</ref> An ''[[Coast to Coast AM]]'' na talk show sa radyo sa banggi nakatabang na mapasikat an mga modernong pagtubod sa mga tawong anino. <ref name="Kinsella2011">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aBK8Nr4edm4C&pg=PA117|title=Legend-Tripping Online: Supernatural Folklore and the Search for Ong's Hat|last=Michael Kinsella|date=17 May 2011|publisher=Univ. Press of Mississippi|isbn=978-1-60473-983-1|pages=117–|access-date=9 February 2013}}</ref> An pinakaenot na pagkakataon na an tema nin mga tawong anino pinag-olayan nin halawig sa palabas iyo kan Abril 12, 2001, kan an host na [[Art Bell|si Art Bell]] ininterbyu an sarong lalaki na nagsasabing sarong gurang [[Native Americans in the United States|na Katutubong Amerikano]], [[Harley Reagan|si Thunder Strikes]], na midbid man bilang Harley "SwiftDeer" Reagan. Durante kan palabas, an mga paradangog inenkaminar na magsumiter nin mga drowing nin mga tawong anino na saindang nahiling asin an dakulang bilang kan mga drowing na ini tulos na ipinaabot sa publiko sa website. <ref>{{cite web|last1=Bell|title=Art Bell - Shadow People|archive-date=September 25, 2001|url=http://artbell.com/shadows.html|archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20010925192530/http://www.artbell.com/shadows.html|access-date=3 October 2014}}</ref> Kan Oktubre kan taon na idto, ipinublikar ni Heidi Hollis an saiyang enot na libro sa temang mga tawong anino, <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YyAXPQAACAAJ|title=The Secret War: The Heavens Speak of the Battle|last=Heidi Hollis|date=October 1, 2001|publisher=iUniverse|isbn=9780595203314}}</ref> asin kan huri nagin regular na bisita sa ''Coast to Coast'' . <ref>{{cite web|title=Heidi Hollis - Guests|url=http://www.coasttocoastam.com/guest/hollis-heidi/5884|work=|access-date=2016-01-12}}</ref> Ilinaladawan ni Hollis an mga tawong anino bilang maitom na mga silweta na may mga porma nin tawo asin mga profile na nagkikilyab sa laog asin luwas kan peripheral vision, asin naghihingako na an mga tawo nagbareta kan mga pigura na nagpoprobar na "maglukso sa saindang daghan asin mag-agaw sainda". <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.coasttocoastam.com/show/2008/07/23|title=Shadow People & the "Hat Man"|work=[[Coast to Coast AM]]|date=2008-03-07|access-date=2013-04-25|archive-date=2013-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528144528/http://www.coasttocoastam.com/show/2008/07/23|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Nagtutubod siya na an mga pigura mga negatibong alien na pwedeng isikwal sa manlaen-laen na paagi, kabali an pag-apod kan " [[Holy Name of Jesus|Ngaran ni Jesus]] ". <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.coasttocoastam.com/show/2006/03/27|title=Shadow Beings|work=[[Coast to Coast AM]]|date=2006-03-27|access-date=2013-04-25|archive-date=2013-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527182343/http://www.coasttocoastam.com/show/2006/03/27|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Dawa ngani an mga partisipante sa mga forum sa online na diskusyon na nakadusay sa [[Paranormal|mga paranormal]] asin supernatural na mga topiko ilinaladawan sinda bilang nakakatakot, an ibang mga paratubod asin mga parasurat nin paranormal dai minaoyon kun baga an mga tawong anino maraot, matinabang, o neutral, asin an nagkapira nag-espekulasyon pa ngani na an mga tawong anino tibaad mga ekstra-dimensyonal na mga nag-eerok sa ibang uniberso. <ref name="Jenkins2005">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6icr8PSno5MC&q=shadow+people|title=Florida's Ghostly Legends and Haunted Folklore: South and central Florida|last=Greg Jenkins|date=1 February 2005|publisher=Pineapple Press Inc|isbn=978-1-56164-327-1|access-date=14 November 2011}}</ref> An ibang mga [[Ghost hunting|paranormal na imbestigador]] asin mga awtor arog ni Chad Stambaugh nagsasabi na nakarekord sinda nin mga imahe nin mga tawong anino sa video. <ref>{{cite web|last=Luiz|first=Joseph|title=Paranormal investigator holds book signing|url=http://www.hanfordsentinel.com/news/local/paranormal-investigator-holds-book-signing/article_16ce0612-788d-11e2-8b09-0019bb2963f4.html|date=February 18, 2013|publisher=[[Hanford Sentinel]]|access-date=13 March 2013}}</ref> An mga tawong anino itinampok sa duwang yugto kan seryeng dokumentaryong paranormal kan [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] ''[[Extreme Ghost Stories|na Extreme Ghost Stories]]'', kun saen an pangyayari ilinaladawan bilang sarong "itom na masa". <ref>''[[Extreme Ghost Stories]]''. [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]]. 2006. Episodes 1 and 2.</ref> === An "Tawong Sombrero" === An sarong halimbawa nin sarong partikular na tawong anino iyo an " '''Hat Man''' ", na igwa nin mga karakteristiko kan mga tawong anino alagad nginaranan huli sa sarong [[Fedora hat|fedora]] o iba pang may gilid na sombrero sa saiyang payo. An mga deskripsyon kan Hat Man nagpoon pa kan huring parte kan dekada 2000. <ref name="Klee 20222">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-features/hat-man-benadryl-tiktok-monster-1234620397/|title=How the 'Hat Man' Went From Benadryl Joke to TikTok Horror Villain|last=Klee|first=Miles|date=November 2, 2022|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=October 10, 2023}}</ref> An Hat Man parateng konektado sa [[Sleep paralysis|paralisis sa pagturog]] asin an pag-abuso kan antihistamine na bulong [[Diphenhydramine|na diphenhydramine]], na parateng ipinapabakal sa irarom kan pangaran [[Benadryl|na Benadryl]] . Siya tipikal na ilinaladawan na igwa nin kadikit o mayong namamansayan na mga tampok, dawa ngani an nagkapirang mga testigo naghingako na "namamatian ninda siyang naghihiling" sa sainda. == Mga paliwanag sa siyensya == Nagkapirang mga kondisyon [[Physiological|na pisyolohikal]] asin [[Sikolohiya|sikolohikal]] an pwedeng magin dahilan kan mga ibinaretang eksperyensya nin mga anino na garo baga buhay. An sarong nagtitios nin paralisis sa pagturog tibaad makamati nin sarong "malindong o bakong malinaw na porma" na nagdadangadang sa sainda kun sinda naghihigda na paralisado asin nagigin orog na naalarma. <ref name="Adler2011">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_t63WJiZb3cC&pg=PA3|title=Sleep Paralysis: Night-mares, Nocebos, and the Mind-Body Connection|last=Shelley Adler|date=15 January 2011|publisher=[[Rutgers University Press]]|isbn=978-0-8135-5237-8|pages=3–|quote=''In the field of sleep research, this experience is termed sleep paralysis: an individual, in the process of falling asleep or awakening, finds himself or herself completely awake, but unable to move or speak…Frequently, he or she sees a shadowy or indistinct shape approaching and becomes increasingly terrified.''|access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> An sarong tawo na nakakaeksperyensya nin mas halangkaw na emosyon, arog kan paglakaw na solo sa madiklom na banggi, tibaad salang mahiling an sarong pidaso nin anino bilang sarong paraatake. <ref name="OakleyMalik2011">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q50UA-GUbL4C&pg=PA6|title=Rapid Psychiatry|last=Clare Oakley|last2=Amit Malik|date=15 November 2011|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|isbn=978-1-118-29418-5|pages=6–|access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> Dakul na mga adik [[Shabu|sa methamphetamine]] an nagbabareta kan paglataw kan "mga tawong anino" pagkatapos nin halawig na panahon nin [[Sleep deprivation|kakulangan nin turog]] . <ref>{{Cite book|title=Shadow People: How Meth-driven Crime Is Eating At the Heart of Rural America|last=Anderson, Scott Thomas|publisher=Coalition for Investigative Journalism|year=2012|isbn=978-0615551913}}</ref> <ref name="Covey2007">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yFGJV5XSNhYC&pg=PA17|title=The Methamphetamine Crisis: Strategies to Save Addicts, Families, And Communities|last=Herbert C. Covey|publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]]|year=2007|isbn=978-0-275-99322-1|pages=17–|access-date=9 February 2013}}</ref> An psychiatrist na si Jack Potts nagsusuherir na an paggamit nin methamphetamine nagdadagdag nin "konspirasyonal na sangkap" sa mga halusinasyon nin kakulangan nin turog. <ref name="pnt2">{{cite web|url=http://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/news/methology-part-i-6422539|title=Methology - Part I|publisher=[[Phoenix New Times]]|date=18 December 1997|access-date=19 August 2015|author=Rubin, Paul}}</ref> An sarong ininterbyu na subject nagsabi na "Dai ka nakakahiling nin mga ayam na anino o mga gamgam na anino o mga kotse na anino. Nahihiling mo an mga tawong anino. Nagtitindog sa mga pintoan, naglalakaw sa likod mo, nagdadangadang saimo sa gilid kan tinampo." An mga halusinasyon na ini direktang pigkumpara sa mga paranormal na entidad na ilinadawan sa osipon. <ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51568777|title=Methamphetamine, Perceptual Disturbances, and the Peripheral Drift Illusion|author=Vila-Rodriguez, Fidel|journal=American Journal on Addictions|volume=20|issue=5|page=490|date=September 2011|doi=10.1111/j.1521-0391.2011.00161.x|pmid=21838855|doi-access=free}}</ref> An mga tawong anino parateng ibinareta kan mga tawong nasa irarom kan mga epekto nin mga substansyang [[Deliriant|nakakapaluya]] arog kan [[datura]], [[diphenhydramine]], asin [[benzydamine]] . Sa katapustapusi, an mga biswal na halusinasyon, arog kan mga kawsa kan schizophrenia asin bipolar disorder, pwedeng garo baga mga anino na pigura sa gilid kan peripheral vision. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screening.mhanational.org/content/i-see-ghosts-or-shadows|title=I see ghosts or shadows &#124; MHA Screening - Mental Health America}}</ref> == Sa popular na kultura == * [[The Nightmare (2015 American film)|''An The Nightmare'']] sarong dokumentaryo kan 2015 na nagtutukar kan mga kawsa kan [[Sleep paralysis|paralisis sa pagturog]] na nahihiling sa paagi nin mahiwas na mga interbyu sa mga partisipante, asin an mga eksperyensya pig-aakto giraray kan mga propesyonal na aktor. Ini nagproponer na an mga pangyayari sa kultura arog kan [[Alien abduction|pag-abduct nin mga dayuhan]], [[Near-death experience|an eksperyensya sa harani na kagadanan]] asin an mga tawong anino, sa kadaklan na kaso, pwedeng ikaatribwir sa paralisis sa pagturog. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/05/movies/review-the-nightmare-rodney-aschers-look-at-sleep-paralysis.html|title=Review: 'The Nightmare,' Rodney Ascher's Look at Sleep Paralysis|last=Kenigsberg|first=Ben|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 4, 2015}}</ref> An "tunay na buhay" na pelikula nin katakutan nagdebut sa [[2015 Sundance Film Festival|Sundance Film Festival]] kan Enero 26 asin nag-premiere sa mga sinehan kan Hunyo 5. * An mga tawong anino, na ilinaladawan bilang "Mga Tawo nin Anino", prominenteng nagtampok sa nobelang 2007 ''[[John Dies at the End|na si John Dies at the End]]'' . Kun sinda nagagadan nin sarong tawo, an tawong iyan retroaktibong napaparong sa pag-eksister, asin an kasaysayan isinurat giraray na garo baga sinda dai nanggad namundag. <ref>{{cite web|last=Bergin|first=Nicholas|title='John Dies at the End' has limited showing in Omaha|url=http://journalstar.com/entertainment/movies/john-dies-at-the-end-has-limited-showing-in-omaha/article_3110e9ad-f575-5fc7-b561-37597da78fda.html|work=March 07, 2013|date=7 March 2013|publisher=[[Lincoln Journal Star]]|access-date=13 March 2013|archive-date=1 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801010554/http://journalstar.com/entertainment/movies/john-dies-at-the-end-has-limited-showing-in-omaha/article_3110e9ad-f575-5fc7-b561-37597da78fda.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> * An 2013 na pelikula nin katakutan ''[[Shadow People (film)|na Shadow People]]'' naglaladawan nin sarong fictional na pag-aadal sa pagturog na ginibo kan mga taon 1970 kun saen an mga pasyente nagbabareta na nakahiling nin mga anino na mga paralaog bago magadan sa saindang pagturog. An pelikula nagsusunod sa sarong host sa radyo asin imbestigador [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|kan CDC]] na nagsiyasat kan istorya, asin an istorya pigsasabing nakabasar sa mga totoong pangyayari. <ref>{{cite web|last=Liebman|first=Martin|title=Believe in the boogeyman? Prepare to die.|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Shadow-People-Blu-ray/63247/#Review|work=Shadow People Blu-ray Review|publisher=www.blu-ray.com/|access-date=7 April 2013|date=March 19, 2013}}</ref> * Sa sarong 2012 na episode kan serye nin [[Intervention (TV series)|''Interbensyon'']] kan [[A&E (TV channel)|A&E]], an subject na si Skyler pig-aatake nin "mga tawong anino", na minsan inaapod na "mga tawong yugto", asin nagbubuga nin ambon tanganing ihayag sinda sa mga [[Refraction|repraksyon]] . <ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/rLHQw34ZYlo Ghostarchive] and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20140216061210/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLHQw34ZYlo Wayback Machine]:</ref> Naggigibo man siya nin mga armas tanganing labanan sinda asin nag-aalegar na sinda naggagamit nin hinabon na teknolohiya tanganing makipag-ulay sa nagkapirang indibidwal. <ref>{{Cite episode|title=Skyler / Jessa|url=https://www.aetv.com/shows/intervention/season-11/episode-8|series=Intervention|series-link=Intervention (TV series)|season=11|number=8|network=[[A&E (TV channel)|A&E]]|date=2012-02-20|access-date=2019-11-22}}</ref> * Sa online na kawat na ''[[Deep Sleep]]'' asin sa mga sequel kaini, an mga tawong anino nag-eksister na poon pa kan kapinunan kan rasa nin tawo asin nag-uurong-sulong sa mga malinaw na pangaturugan. An mga parakawat na nakakarealisar na sinda torog pwedeng maparalisado asin masakop, asin an pangaturugan kan karakter magigin sarong tawong anino. * An sarong episode kan [[The Twilight Zone (1985 TV series)|1985 ''Twilight Zone'']] series na may titulong " [[The Shadow Man]] " nagtutukar sa sarong tin-edyer na aking lalaki na igwa nin sarong anino na nag-eerok sa irarom kan saiyang higdaan. An episodio nagladawan kan tawong anino bilang angay sa itsura kan "sombrero" na itsura na komun na pig-aatribwir sa mga tawong anino asin idinagdag sa mitolohiya na an mga tawong anino pwedeng gumadan nin mga tawo alagad dai makakadanyar sa mga nasa irarom kan saindang mga higdaan na saindang iniistaran. * Sa 1998 na video game [[LSD: Dream Emulator|na LSD: Dream Emulator]], sarong humanoid na pigura na komun na midbid bilang an Gray Man an pwedeng maglataw sa nagkapirang pangaturugan, na, kun madutaan, binabawi an gabos na pag-uswag kan pangaturugan asin pinapara an mga na-save na datos kan flashback. An pigura, sa parehong itsura asin papel sa mga pangaturugan, kapareho kan "Hat Man" na pangyayari. <ref>{{Cite web|last=C|first=Luiz H.|date=2023-03-23|title='LSD: Dream Emulator' – The Surreal Game and Its Spooky Conspiracy Theories 25 Years Later|url=https://bloody-disgusting.com/video-games/3754866/lsd-dream-emulator-25-years-later/|access-date=2024-04-22|website=Bloody Disgusting!|language=en-US}}</ref> == Hilingon man == * [[:en:Apparitional_experience|Apparitional experience]] – an anomalous experience in parapsychology * [[:en:Brocken_spectre|Brocken spectre]] – an atmospheric optical phenomenon * [[:en:Domovoy|Domovoy]] – household spirits in Slavic religious tradition * [[:en:Jinn|Jinn]] – supernatural beings in Arabic culture * [[:en:Men_in_black|Men in black]] – government agents associated with UFO conspiracy theories * [[:en:Sleep_paralysis|Sleep paralysis]] * [[:en:Pareidolia|Pareidolia]] – the perception of meaningful patterns or images in random or vague stimuli == Toltolan == <references /> {{Tamboan}} 1lir0a6cph34z9gr7em6ooktpffzgde 0 51307 311806 298757 2026-10-24T18:00:15Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311806 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn">Verónica Cruz Sánchez</div> |- class="mw-file-element" data-file-height="1280" data-file-type="bitmap" data-file-width="1100" decoding="async" height="256" resource="./File:Veronica_Cruz_Sanchez_(2230691851).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Veronica_Cruz_Sanchez_%282230691851%29.jpg/220px-Veronica_Cruz_Sanchez_%282230691851%29.jpg" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Veronica_Cruz_Sanchez_%282230691851%29.jpg/330px-Veronica_Cruz_Sanchez_%282230691851%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Veronica_Cruz_Sanchez_%282230691851%29.jpg/440px-Veronica_Cruz_Sanchez_%282230691851%29.jpg 2x" width="220" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Veronica_Cruz_Sanchez_(2230691851).jpg|daing kwadro]]<div class="infobox-caption"> Sánchez kan 2007</div> |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Ipinangaki | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline"> Verónica Cruz Sánchez</div><br /><br /><br /><br /><span style="display:none"> </span><span style="display:none">( <span class="bday">1971-02-01</span> )</span> Pebrero 1, 1971 <span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow">(edad&nbsp;54)</span><br /><br /><br /><br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline"> [[León, Guanajuato]], Mehiko</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | Trabaho | class="infobox-data role" | [[Human rights defender|Paradepensa kan mga deretso pantawo]] |} Si '''Verónica Cruz Sánchez''' (namundag kan Pebrero 1, 1971) sarong Mehikano [[Aktibista sa karapatan pantawo|na paradepensa kan mga deretso pantawo]] . Siya an pinakaenot na Mehikano na tinawan kan premyong Defender of Human Rights gikan sa Human Rights Watch . Kan 2006, tinawan siya kan onra huli sa saiyang trabaho sa [[Karapatan nin kababaihan|deretso kan mga kababaihan]] na makakua nin legal asin medikal na serbisyo. <ref name="Ruiz (2006)">{{Cite news|title=Premia Human Rights Watch a Verónica Cruz Sánchez|url=http://www.cimacnoticias.com.mx/node/59564|publisher=Cimacnoticias|accessdate=2025-03-23|archivedate=2019-04-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404101219/https://www.cimacnoticias.com.mx/node/59564}}</ref> Dinadara niya an kaaraman kan publiko sa kamugtakan kan mga babaeng kadaklan daing inadalan, katutubo asin [[Katikapohan|mga dukha]] na napreso huli sa aborsyon asin pagkakulgan sa Mehiko. Si Cruz nagtrabaho tanganing mawara an krimen asin mawara an stigma sa mga desisyon kan mga kababaihan manungod sa saindang mga hawak asin mga deretso sa reproduktibo. <ref name="GFFW2">{{cite web|title=La Articulación Interestatal Por el Derecho a Decidir de las Mexicanas|url=http://www.globalfundforwomen.org/impact/success-stories/62-general/2079-la-articulacion-interestatal-por-el-derecho-a-decidir-de-las-mexicanas|publisher=Global Fund for Women|access-date=15 February 2015|archive-date=15 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215193854/http://www.globalfundforwomen.org/impact/success-stories/62-general/2079-la-articulacion-interestatal-por-el-derecho-a-decidir-de-las-mexicanas|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Siya an kagmukna kan ''Las Libres,'' sarong organisasyon na dedikado sa pagdepensa, paggarantiya asin paggalang sa mga deretso pantawo para sa mga kababaihan sa estado nin Guanajuato asin sa bilog na Mehiko. <ref name="Danger and Liberty2">{{Cite web|url=http://dangerouswomenproject.org/2016/03/11/danger-and-liberty/|title=Danger and Liberty|date=2016-03-11|website=Dangerous Women Project|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-04-04|archive-date=2019-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404031723/http://dangerouswomenproject.org/2016/03/11/danger-and-liberty/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Kasaysayan == Namundag siya kan Pebrero 1, 1971, sa León, Guanajuato <ref name="Díaz (2007)">{{Cite journal|last1=Díaz|first1=Marisa|title=Guanajuato Feminist Wins Human Rights Defender of 2006|date=March 2007|url=http://www.laslibres.org.mx/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/boletin1ing.pdf|accessdate=13 February 2015}}{{Dead link|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> asin mantang nasa hayskul pa, ginagamit niya an saiyang mga banggi sa pagduman sa harong-harong tanganing tukduan an mga babae na magbasa asin magsurat. <ref name="Wiltz (2010)2">{{cite web|last1=Wiltz|first1=Teresa|title=The Most Dangerous Women in the World: Veronica Cruz Sanchez|url=http://www.more.com/news/womens-issues/most-dangerous-women-world-veronica-cruz-sanchez|publisher=MORE Magazine|access-date=13 February 2015|date=2010|archive-date=15 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215194249/http://www.more.com/news/womens-issues/most-dangerous-women-world-veronica-cruz-sanchez|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Sa proseso, nakanuod siya nin mga istorya kan kadahasan na saindang tinios asin aram niya na nakua niya an trabaho kan saiyang buhay. <ref name="Romero (2013)">{{Cite news|last1=Romero|first1=Jesus|title='Todas las mujeres estamos en riesgo': Verónica Cruz|url=http://am.com.mx/leon/local/todas-las-mujeres-estamos-en-riesgo-veronica-cruz-68874.html|accessdate=13 February 2015|publisher=Compañía Periodística Meridiano S.A de C.V|date=9 December 2013|archivedate=13 December 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213162403/http://www.am.com.mx/leon/local/todas-las-mujeres-estamos-en-riesgo-veronica-cruz-68874.html}}</ref> Si Cruz nagkua nin sarong kurso sa social work gikan sa José Cardijn School of Social Work sa León asin kan huri nakakua nin BA sa International Commerce gikan sa Instituto Politécnico Nacional . Nag-adal siya nin Masters sa Organizational Development sa Unibersidad kan Guanajuato . Pagkatapos maggradwar, nagtrabaho siya bilang sarong social worker sa sarong preschool asin sa sarong organisasyon na inaapod Rural Development of Guanajuato, na ngonyan mayo na. Kan 1995, si Cruz nagpoon na magtrabaho bilang rehiyonal (asin dangan sarong nasyonal) na parakoordinar para sa sarong network nin mga NGO sa irarom kan payong kan peministang organisasyon na Millennium. == Pagdeterminar kan sadiri kan hawak == Kan 2001, siya asin an iba pang mga aktibista nagtogdas nin sarong organisasyon na inaapod na Las Libres (an mga Talingkas na Babae) tanganing mag-adbokasiya para sa mga deretso kan mga kababaihan na maggibo nin mga desisyon manungod sa saindang hawak, sa saindang mga pagpili sa reproduktibo asin sa saindang sekswalidad. <ref name="Sherk (2008)2">{{cite web|last1=Sherk|first1=Kirsten|title=Mexican human-rights activist Veronica Cruz Sanchez will share her story in North Carolina|url=http://www.medicalabortionconsortium.org/news/mexican-human-rights-activist-veronica-cruz-sanchez-will-share-her-story-in-north-carolina-149.html|publisher=International Consortium for Medical Abortion|access-date=13 February 2015|date=24 January 2008|archive-date=15 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215194135/http://www.medicalabortionconsortium.org/news/mexican-human-rights-activist-veronica-cruz-sanchez-will-share-her-story-in-north-carolina-149.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Siya nagin aktibo sa pagpalakop nin libre asin ligtas na aborsyon sa mga biktima nin [[Panlulugos|panglulugos]] <ref name="Bazelon (2014)">{{Cite news|last1=Bazelon|first1=Emily|title=The Dawn of the Post-Clinic Abortion|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/31/magazine/the-dawn-of-the-post-clinic-abortion.html|date=28 August 2014}}</ref> asin [[insesto]], dawa ngani sa kadakol na estado kan Mehiko, [[Insesto|an insesto]] nahihiling bilang sarong pinagkasunduan, imbes na sarong kriminal, na relasyon. <ref name="HRW (2006)2">{{cite web|title=Human Rights Watch Honors Mexican Activist|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2006/10/30/human-rights-watch-honors-mexican-activist|publisher=Human Rights Watch|access-date=13 February 2015|date=October 31, 2006}}</ref> Si Cruz iyo an pinakaenot na [[Aktibista sa karapatan pantawo|aktibista sa deretso pantawo na]] Mehikano na tinawan kan premyong Defender of Human Rights gikan sa Human Rights Watch. Kan 2006, tinawan siya kan onra huli sa saiyang trabaho sa [[Karapatan nin kababaihan|deretso kan mga kababaihan]] na makakua nin legal asin medikal na serbisyo. Tanganing mawara an stigma sa aborsyon, si Cruz nagmukna nin sarong programa kun saen an mga sinanay na boluntaryo nag-iiba sa mga babae sa bilog nindang mga prosedimiento medikal na nagtatao sainda nin suporta. An mga serbisyo sa pagpapayo igwa, siring man an pisikal na suporta baga man sinda nagdesisyon na tapuson an sarong pagbados sa luwas kan pormal na sistema nin salud o sa sarong klinika sa [[Syudad nin Mehiko|Siyudad nin Mehiko]] . An Siyudad nin Mehiko iyo sana an lugar sa nasyon kun saen an sarong aborsyon pwedeng makua para sa sarong pagbados na bakong resulta nin panglulugos. Kan 2014, si Cruz nagprodusir nin sarong halipot na dokumentaryong pelikula, ''Accompaniment'', tanganing ipaheling kun pano an modelo na saindang ginibo ginagamit tanganing suportaran an mga kababaihan asin mabawasan an stigma. <ref name="lpas2">{{cite web|title=Film highlights Mexican organization Las Libres's unique model for supporting women during medical abortion|url=http://www.ipas.org/en/News/2014/August/Film-highlights-Mexican-organization-Las-Libres-s-unique-model-for-supporting-women-during.aspx|publisher=International Consortium for Medical Abortion|access-date=13 February 2015|date=August 20, 2014}}</ref> == An Pitong Guanajuato == Kan 2008, siya asin an iba pang mga aktibista nagpoon na mag-interbyu sa mga babae na napreso asin nagtipon nin mga estadistika sa mga rason kan saindang pagkapreso. Nadiskobre ninda na an mga babae pigkukulong nin sagkod sa 30 taon sa nagkapirang kaso sa irarom kan kasong "aggravated homicide of a member of family." Sa pagrepaso kan kodigo kan ley, nadiskubre ni Cruz na an pagkakasalang ini bakong krimen na tinawan nin kahulugan sa mga legal na estatuto. Si Cruz asin Las Libres nagtabang sa pagpondo asin suporta para sa 2010 na legal na mga prosedimiento na nagpababa kan mga sentensya kan mga babae sa 3 taon, na gabos nagserbisyo na, asin nagreporma kan lehislasyon kan estado. <ref name="Carbajal (2014)">{{Cite news|title=La moral católica para sentar justicia|url=http://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/sociedad/3-250207-2014-07-07.html|publisher=Pagina/12|date=7 July 2014}}</ref> An mga babae dai pinalibre, alagad an saindang mga padusa pigkonsiderar na labi-labi an padusa. <ref name="Stevenson (2010)">{{Cite news|title=7 women in 'miscarriage' cases freed in Mexico|url=https://news.yahoo.com/7-women-miscarriage-cases-freed-mexico.html|publisher=Yahoo News|date=September 7, 2010}}</ref> Kan 2014, si Cruz nagprodusir nin sarong dokumentaryo na nag-eestorya kan mga istorya kan mga babaeng ini na may titulong ''Las Libres la historia después de'' (An Talingkas na [Babae]: An Istorya Padagos). <ref name="Las Libres la historia después de2">{{cite web|title=Safe Abortion: Women's Right|url=http://safe-abortion-womens-right.tumblr.com/post/98884819182/documentaries-by-centro-las-libres-de-informacion|publisher=The International Campaign for Women's Right to Safe Abortion|access-date=13 February 2015|date=September 29, 2014|archive-date=15 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215194219/http://safe-abortion-womens-right.tumblr.com/post/98884819182/documentaries-by-centro-las-libres-de-informacion|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Kadahasan laban sa mga kababaihan == Si Cruz nag-agitar para sa mas makusog na lehislasyon para sa sekswal na kadahasan asin nag-insistir na an mga ley na yaon an ipinapaotob. Itinulod niya an mga awtoridad na midbidon an lakdang kan paggadan sa babae sa Mehiko, siring man an kadahasan sa kasarian. Susog sa estadistika kan federal, sarong-kapat kan mga kababaihan sa Guanajuato an nakaeksperyensya nin [[diskriminasyon]] asin pang-aakit sa trabaho asin an estado nagin enot sa nasyon sa kadahasan sa pamilya kan 2010, 2012 asin 2013 asin ikaduwa kan 2011. <ref name="Balderas (2014)">{{Cite news|title=Defensa de las las mujeres une a activistas|url=http://periodicocorreo.com.mx/surge-nueva-organizacion-en-defensa-de-los-derechos-de-la-mujer/|publisher=Periódico Correo|date=12 August 2014}}</ref> 59 porsyento kan mga babae sa Guanajuato na edad 15 pataas an nakaeksperyensya nin kadahasan. Ginagamit ni Cruz an mga estadistika na ini tanganing tokdoan an iba manungod sa mga sitwasyon na inaatubang kan mga kababaihan, alagad pati na an mga kababaihan mismo. Nin huli ta an sekso parateng pigkokonsiderar na sarong bawal na tema asin an edukasyon sekswal dai ipinapahiling sa mga eskwelahan, an pag-edukar sa mga babae manungod sa saindang mga hawak, saindang kaogmahan asin saindang mga deretso nagin sarong sentro kan saiyang trabaho. Mantang narealisar kan mga babae na sinda puedeng magin aktibong mga partisipante imbes na mga pasibong kapadis, an mga relasyon sa laog kan nakaaging sampulong taon nagin mas pantay-pantay sa Guanajuato. <ref name="Peterson (2011)">{{Cite news|title=Exploring female sexual pleasure|url=http://reesenews.org/2011/05/10/exploring-female-sexual-pleasure/15877/|publisher=Reese News Lab|date=10 May 2011|accessdate=23 March 2025|archivedate=22 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422030334/http://reesenews.org/2011/05/10/exploring-female-sexual-pleasure/15877/}}</ref> An aktibismo ni Cruz nagdara sa saiyang trabaho na mahiwas na midbidon (siring man sa pag-ako nin lokal na pang-aakit). Kan 2010 siya ilinadawan bilang saro sa "pinakadelikadong babae sa kinaban" kan magasin na ''More''. Siya an nagmukna kan Las Libres kan 2000; peministang organisasyon sa Guanajuato na nagdadanay na saro sa pinakakonserbatibo asin retrogradong estado kan Mehiko. Kan 2010, 9 na babae an pinatalingkas sa mga bilanggoan sa Guanajuato. Sinda napreso huli sa pagkaigwa nin kusang aborsyon, na may sentensiya na sagkod sa 35 taon. == An ibang estado == Huli sa kapangganahan kan Cruz asin Las Libres sa Guanajuato, an organisasyon naghiwas pasiring sa mga estado kan Mehiko na Guerrero, Querétaro asin San Luis Potosí. <ref name="Miranda (2014)">{{Cite news|last1=Miranda|first1=Miguel|title=Busca la SCJN que aborto sea constitucional|url=http://periodicocorreo.com.mx/busca-la-scjn-que-aborto-sea-constitucional/|publisher=Periódico Correo|date=28 November 2014}}</ref> Kan 2011, sinda nagin matrayumpo sa pagkua kan pagpaluwas sa Guerrero kan sarong katutubong babae na napreso na mayong pagbista sa laog nin labing 3 taon sa kasong "aggravated homicide of a family member". <ref name="García (2011)">{{Cite news|last1=García|first1=Carlos|title=Repetirán proceso penal a indígena presa por aborto|url=http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2011/11/18/estados/036n3est|publisher=La Jornada|date=November 18, 2011}}</ref> Si Cruz nagkampeon nin ikaduwang kaso gikan ki Guerrero, na itinaas sa Korte Suprema nin Hustisya kan Nasyon (SCJN) na nagboot kan tulos na pagpaluwas kan babae, <ref name="Gandaría (2014)">{{Cite news|last1=Gandaría|first1=Manrique|title=Ordena SCJN la inmediata liberación de Adriana Manzanares|url=http://www.oem.com.mx/laprensa/notas/n3265929.htm|publisher=La Prensa|date=January 22, 2014}}{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> nin huli ta an paagi na ginamit tanganing madeterminaran an paggadan imbes na an pagkakulgan dai pa naestablisar sa siyensya. <ref name="Moraga (2014)">{{Cite news|last1=Moraga|first1=Susana|title=SCJN determinará futuro de Adriana, sentenciada a 22 años por aborto|url=http://www.unionguanajuato.mx/articulo/2014/01/22/seguridad/scjn-determinara-futuro-de-adriana-sentenciada-22-anos-por-aborto|publisher=El Universal Un1ón Guanajuato|date=22 January 2014|accessdate=23 March 2025|archivedate=4 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000626/http://www.unionguanajuato.mx/articulo/2014/01/22/seguridad/scjn-determinara-futuro-de-adriana-sentenciada-22-anos-por-aborto}}</ref> Kasabay kan Global Fund for Women, si Cruz asin Las Libres nagmukna man nin sarong payong na organisasyon, an Articulación Interestatal Por el Derecho A Decidir de las Mexicanas, na nagtatrabaho sa manlaen-laen na estado kan Mehiko tanganing mawara an krimen asin mabawasan an stigma manungod sa [[Karapatan nin kababaihan|mga deretso kan mga kababaihan]] . Naghahanap sinda nin pagbabago sa legal na polisiya, pagpapauswag sa kalidad asin access sa mga rekurso medikal asin legal, asin pampublikong diyalogo na may katuyuhan na ibalyo an opinyon parayo sa mga lakdang na padusa. An Articulación nagkaigwa nin mga koneksyon sa network sa mga grupo nin mga kababaihan sa Caribbean asin Latin America, na naghahatid nin mga estratehiya asin ideolohiya sa pag-uswag. Kan Nobyembre 2014, an SCJN nagpoon nin mga pagdangog sa sarong kaso gikan sa Veracruz . Ibinareta ni Cruz na ini an pinakaenot na kaso sa Mehiko na naghagad sa korte na konsideraron kun baga an mga babae igwa nin konstitusyonal na deretso sa aborsyon asin kun baga an kriminalisasyon dapat na haleon sa bilog na nasyon. == Mga Toltolan == <references /> {{Tamboan}} == Mga panluwas na sumpay == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MC8jxYGzdWQ Pag-iba (bilog na bersyon na may mga subtitulo)] - Las Libres, Guanajuato, Mehiko [[Kategorya:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bsy739kcomo55cc6t0ox04rd4n570t4 0 52345 311800 310490 2026-10-24T15:20:24Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311800 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Australian domestic violence campaigner (born 1962)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2015}}{{Infobox person|name=Rosie Batty|honorific_suffix=[[Order of Australia|AO]]|image=Rosie Batty 2015 ACTU Congress.jpg|caption=Batty speaking at the Women's Lunch on Day One of the 2015 ACTU Congress|birth_name=Rosemary Anne Batty<ref name=rcfv>[http://www.rcfv.com.au/MediaLibraries/RCFamilyViolence/Statements/Witness-Statement-of-Rosie-Batty.pdf Witness Statement of Rosie Batty] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240803083326/http://www.rcfv.com.au/MediaLibraries/RCFamilyViolence/Statements/Witness-Statement-of-Rosie-Batty.pdf |date=3 August 2024 }}, Royal Commission into Family Violence, 6 August 2015.</ref>|birth_date={{Birth year and age|1962}}<ref name="aoty-skynews">{{cite news|url=http://www.skynews.com.au/news/national/2015/01/25/rosie-batty-named-australian-of-the-year.html|title=Rosie Batty named Australian of the Year|work=[[Sky News]]|location=Australia|date=25 January 2015|access-date=25 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="theage-feb2014">{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/mother-says-luke-loved-and-trusted-his-father-despite-his-problems-20140213-32juf.html|title=Mother says Luke loved and trusted his father despite his problems|work=[[The Age]]|date=13 February 2014|access-date=25 January 2015}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Laneham]], [[Nottinghamshire]], England<ref name=lincsecho>{{cite news|title=Former Lincoln school pupil watches ex-partner batter their son to death with cricket bat in Australia|url=http://www.lincolnshireecho.co.uk/Lincoln-school-pupil-watches-ex-partner-batter/story-20622787-detail/story.html|access-date=2 December 2015|work=Lincolnshire Echo|date=13 February 2014}}</ref>|death_date=<!-- {{Death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|df=yes|death date†|birth date†}} -->|death_place=|citizenship=British, Australian{{Citation needed|date=February 2022}}|other_names=|occupation=|years_active=|known_for=[[Domestic violence]] campaigner|children=Luke Batty (2002{{endash}}2014)|awards={{Plainlist| * [[Australian of the Year]] (2015) * [[Order of Australia|Officer of the Order of Australia (AO)]] (2019)}}}}Si '''Rosemary Anne''' " '''Rosie''' " '''Batty''' AO (namundag kan 1962) sarong Australianong parakampanya sa kadahasan sa laog kan harong . Nagin siyang parakampanya kan 2014, pagkatapos na an saiyang 11-anyos na aking lalaki na si Luke Batty ginadan kan saiyang ama, '''si Greg Anderson''' . <ref name="MC2">{{Cite web|title=Mother courage – At Home with Rosie Batty|url=https://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2014/october/1412085600/helen-garner/mother-courage|website=The Monthly|access-date=27 January 2016|last=Garner|first=Helen|date=October 2014}}</ref> Bilang sarong parakampanya, nagtaram siya sa publiko manungod sa saiyang mga eksperyensya bilang sarong nakaligtas sa kadahasan sa laog kan harong tanganing mapataas an kaaraman kan publiko asin mag-adbokasiya para sa mga pagbabago sa sosyedad. <ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|title=Rosie's Story|url=http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/stories/2014/07/14/4043135.htm|website=www.abc.net.au|date=14 July 2014|access-date=27 January 2016|language=en-AU}}</ref> Si Batty pigkokonsiderar na nagkaigwa nin dakulang impluwensya sa nasyonal na mga aktitud kan publiko, pilantropiya, mga inisyatiba asin pagpondo kan gobyerno, mga serbisyo sa suporta asin mga prosedimiento kan pulis asin legal na may relasyon sa kadahasan sa laog kan harong sa Australia . <ref name="AotYAwards2">{{Cite web|title=Australian of the Year Awards|url=https://www.australianoftheyear.org.au/recipients/rosie-batty/1179/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805165108/https://australianoftheyear.org.au/recipients/rosie-batty/1179/|url-status=|archive-date=5 August 2020|website=www.australianoftheyear.org.au|access-date=9 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Wheildon|first1=Lisa J.|last2=True|first2=Jacqui|last3=Flynn|first3=Asher|last4=Wild|first4=Abby|date=2021-08-25|title=The Batty Effect: Victim-Survivors and Domestic and Family Violence Policy Change|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10778012211024266|journal=Violence Against Women|volume=28|issue=6–7|pages=1684–1707|doi=10.1177/10778012211024266|pmid=34431729|s2cid=237292973|issn=1077-8012}}</ref> Kan 2016, an primer ministro kaidto kan Australia na si Malcolm Turnbull nagsabi manungod sa kadahasan sa laog kan harong sa Australia na "an pagbabago sa kultura nangangaipo nin sarong dakulang parasuportar, asin si Rosie nakagibo kaiyan sa paagi na sa paghona ko mayo pang nakagibo kaidto". <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-01-25/outgoing-australian-of-the-year-rosie-batty's/7112356|title=Outgoing Australian of the Year Rosie Batty's legacy|website=ABC News|date=25 January 2016|language=en-AU|access-date=27 January 2016}}</ref> Siya nginaranan na Australian of the Year kan 2015 asin ninombrahan na sarong Opisyal kan Orden kan Australia kan 2019. == Dangog == Si Batty namundag sa Inglaterra asin pinadakula sa sarong oma sa Laneham sa Ingles na kondado nin Nottinghamshire kan saiyang ama kaiba an saiyang tolong tugang na lalaki. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/australia/10874344/British-mother-of-son-beaten-to-death-by-cricket-bat-leads-campaign-against-domestic-violence.html|title=British mother of son beaten to death by cricket bat leads campaign against domestic violence|website=Telegraph|access-date=13 March 2018|author=Jonathan Pearlman|date=4 June 2014}}</ref> Kan si Batty anom na taon an edad, nagadan an saiyang ina, asin pinadakula siya kan mga yaya asin kan saiyang lola sa ina. Sabi ni Batty na an pagkagadan kan saiyang ina nagkaigwa nin halawig na epekto: "Dai pa talaga ako nakabilog nin permanenteng relasyon sa kiisay man; dai pa ako noarin man nag-agom asin dai man an duwa kong tugang na lalaki. Sa hiling ko talagang nakakatrauma ka sa pagkaigwa nin mga pangenot na relasyon huli sa takot na babayaan ka ninda." <ref name="Harari">{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/good-weekend/mother-courage-rosie-battys-life-after-luke-20141128-11ld0f.html|title=Mother courage: Rosie Batty's life after Luke|author=Harari, Fiona|date=29 November 2014|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald#Good Weekend|Good Weekend]], [[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Pagkatapos kan hayskul nakatapos siya nin kurso sa sekretarya asin nagtrabaho nin halipot bilang sarong klerk sa bangko asin bilang sarong yaya sa Australia. Si Batty nag-erok sa Australia kan 1988 sa sarong partner visa  kasunod kan enot na pagbisita kan 1986. == Personal na buhay asin pang-aabuso == Namidbid ni Batty si Anderson kan 1992 kan sinda nagtatrabaho sa sarong kompanya nin pagrekrut asin an duwa nagpoon nin sarong romantikong relasyon na naglawig nin duwang taon. <ref name="auto12">{{Cite news|title=Luke Batty: killed by a father no one truly knew|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2014/nov/02/-sp-luke-batty-killed-by-a-father-no-one-truly-knew|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2 November 2014|access-date=27 January 2016|issn=0261-3077|language=en-GB|first=Melissa|last=Davey}}</ref> Sinabi ni Batty na si Anderson nagpahiling nin mga senyales nin sekswal na kadahasan mantang sinda magkaibanan asin kan huri nag-alegar na nagprobar siyang lugoson an sarong amigo ni Batty, pakatapos kaini tinapos ni Batty an duwang taon na relasyon. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=A Mother's Story|url=https://archive.org/details/mothersstoryhear0000rosi|last=Batty|first=Rosie|publisher=HarperCollins|year=2015|isbn=9781460705100}}</ref> Pakalihis nin haros walong taon, nagpoon giraray siyang makipag-ulay saiya asin nagpoon giraray nin halipot na sekswal na relasyon, na nagin dalan kan pagbados ni Batty. Sinabi niya na dai siya nagplanong magkaigwa nin aki, huli sa saiyang bilog na buhay na takot sa pagkawara, asin na an saiyang aki sarong aksidente. An saindang aki na si Luke namundag kan 20 Hunyo 2002. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2019)">kaipuhan an sitasyon</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Sinabi ni Batty na an pang-aabuso ki Anderson nagpoon dai nahaloy pagkatapos nindang magmidbidan asin naglangkaw kan siya nagbados. <ref name="SunBattle2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/law-order/true-crime-scene/rosie-batty-reveals-her-battle-to-stop-killer-dad-greg-andersons-violence-before-son-lukes-death/news-story/408e8c50f96b7c0ba990d474f6d3c5c2|title=Rosie Batty reveals her battle to stop killer Dad Greg Anderson's violence before son Luke's death|website=Herald Sun}}</ref> Ipinahayag ni Batty na si Anderson sarong mamomoton na ama ki Luke asin idinepensa niya an saiyang deretso na magkaigwa nin kontak sa saindang aki. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2019)">kaipuhan an sitasyon</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Sa 2014 coronial inquest sa kagadanan ni Luke, ibinareta na si Anderson tibaad igwa nin dai pa nadiagnose na helang sa isip. <ref name="auto3">{{Cite news|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/law-order/making-of-greg-anderson-into-the-monster-who-killed-his-son-little-luke-batty/story-fni0ffnk-1226834156294|title=Making of Greg Anderson into the monster who killed his son, little Luke Batty|last1=Hurley|first1=David|date=22 February 2014|newspaper=[[Herald Sun]]|last2=Dowling|first2=James}}</ref> Nakipaglaban siya na mamantenir an sarong trabaho asin lugar na istaran asin ilinadawan man siya kan mga nakakamidbid saiya bilang bakong estable, mapagmaniobra asin agresibo. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> Dai nahaloy pagkamundag ni Luke, pisikal na inatake ni Anderson si Batty, na nagtulod saiya na tapuson an saindang relasyon, dawa ngani si Anderson nagdanay na nakikipag-olay.  Poon Hunyo 2004 sagkod Pebrero 2014, si Batty naggibo nin kadakol na mga alegasyon na si Anderson pisikal na inatake asin tinakot na gadanon siya, na nagresulta sa nagkapirang pag-arestar, mga kasong  asin mga pagboot sa interbensyon . Kan Nobyembre 2012, si Anderson nadakop na nag-aakses nin pornograpiya nin kaakian sa sarong pampublikong kompyuter sa sarong libreriya [[Melbourne|sa Melbourne]] . Kan Enero 2014, si Anderson soboot naghuma na gadanon an saro sa saiyang mga ka-flat, na nagresulta sa paghagad kan ka-flat nin order nin interbensyon asin si Anderson inarestar alagad pinaluwas dai nahaloy pagkatapos na mayong kaso. Si Batty dai nakakaaram kan mga pangyayaring ini kan panahon na idto asin dai siya napaaram huli sa mga ley sa privacy . Kan Abril 2013, si Batty nag-alegar sa pulis na si Anderson naggamit nin kutsilyo ki Luke kan sinda sana sa laog kan saiyang kotse asin nagsabi na "pwedeng matapos ini gabos." Gusto ni Batty na si Anderson dai magkaigwa nin kontak ki Luke. Sarong pansamantalang pagboot nin interbensyon an ginibo kan korte na nagboot na si Anderson dai na puedeng magkaigwa nin dugang pang pakikipag-olay sa saiyang aki, na parehong nginaranan si Batty asin Luke bilang mga protektadong tawo. Sa sarong pagbista, kan Hulyo 2013, an pansamantalang pagboot dai nasuportaran asin si Anderson tinawan nin access ki Luke sa publiko kan siya nagtutugtog nin isports. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2019)">kaipuhan an sitasyon</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> === Paggadan ki Lucas === Kan 12 Pebrero 2014, ginadan ni Anderson an onse anyos na si Luke Batty sa praktis nin cricket sa sarong sports oval sa luwas kan Melbourne suburb kan Tyabb . <ref>{{cite web|last1=Davey|first1=Melissa|title=Rosie Batty hits back at questions about her actions before son Luke's murder|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2014/oct/21/rosie-batty-hits-back-at-questions-about-her-actions-before-son-lukes|website=The Guardian|date=21 October 2014|access-date=13 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Davey|first1=Melissa|title=Luke Batty's killer, Greg Anderson, was 'bad, not mad', police tell inquest|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2014/oct/23/luke-battys-killer-greg-anderson-was-bad-not-mad-police-tell-inquest|website=The Guardian|date=22 October 2014|access-date=13 March 2015}}</ref> Dawa ngani yaon an mga magurang asin mga aki, mantang an mga tawo nagpoon nang maghale asin medyo harayo na, nahimo ni Anderson na isolo si Luke sa laog nin sarong hikot nin kuliglig, kun saen hinampak niya an saiyang aki sa payo asin sinaksak siya sagkod na magadan. Si Anderson nagtumang sa pag-arestar asin tinakot an mga trabahador kan ambulansya gamit an saiyang kutsilyo. Kan huri nagadan siya sa ospital huli sa mga putok kan pulis asin mga lugad sa sadiri. <ref name="abc-batty-father-dead">{{Cite news|title=Small town in shock after father kills 11yo son on cricket oval|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-02-13/tyabb-boy-dead-father-shot-by-police/5256444}}</ref> Sa coronial inquest, an mga opisyales kan pulis, mga serbisyo sa proteksyon kan kaakian asin si Rosie Batty nagsabi na dai nanggad sinda nagtutubod na madanyaran ni Anderson si Luke, nin huli ta dawa ngani igwa siyang rekord nin kadahasan laban ki Rosie Batty, bako siyang madahas sa saiyang aki. == Kampanya laban sa kadahasan sa laog kan pamilya == [[Ladawan:Rosie_Batty_2015-02.jpg|too|thumb| Si Batty nagtataram sa sarong panel discussion kan Australian Human Rights Commission kan Hulyo 2015.]] Si Batty nagpoon na magtaram sa publiko manungod sa saiyang eksperyensya pagkatapos na magtaram sa media kan aga pagkatapos kan paggadan ki Luke. Siya nagin sarong parasuportar para sa mga nakaligtas asin biktima nin kadahasan sa laog kan harong, asin naghingoa na atubangon an mga pighihiling na sistematikong pagkabigo sa mga simbag sa kadahasan sa laog kan harong sa Australia. <ref name="age">{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/luke-battys-mother-rosie-urges-overhaul-to-prevent-childrens-deaths-20140828-109gpo.html|title=Luke Batty's mother Rosie urges overhaul to prevent children's deaths|date=28 August 2014}}</ref> <ref name="charity">{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/charity-to-mark-luke-battys-tragic-death-20140215-32s9m.html|title=Charity to mark Luke Batty's tragic death|date=15 February 2014}}</ref> Nagtaram siya manungod sa kakulangan nin komunikasyon sa pag-ultanan kan mga serbisyo, manungod sa mga pagmansay kan publiko sa kadahasan sa laog kan harong, manungod sa kakulangan nin pondo, asin manungod sa mga prosedimiento kan pulis asin legal na sa pagmati niya nakawara nin kapangyarihan sa saiyang kakayahan na protehiran an saiyang sadiri asin an saiyang aking lalaki. Kan 2014, pigmukna ni Batty an Luke Batty Foundation tanganing tabangan an mga babae asin kaakian na apektado nin kadahasan sa laog kan harong. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://lukebattyfoundation.com.au/|title=Luke Batty Foundation|access-date=26 January 2015|archive-date=25 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925055301/http://lukebattyfoundation.com.au/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Kan Abril 2014, nagsimbag siya sa sarong komento kan peryodistang si Joe Hildebrand sa ''Studio 10'' kan Ten Network, sarong palabas sa TV. Sa pag-orolay kan mga propuestong ley kan Victoria para sa obligadong pagreport kan mga kaso nin pang-aabuso sa aki, sinabi ni Hildebrand na an pagigin "natatakot para sa saimong sadiring kaligtasan, pasensya na, bako ining sarahotan." Bilang simbag, sinabi ni Batty na nabigla siya sa nosyon, asin naisip niya na pagkatapos kan pagkagadan kan saiyang aki, naglaom siya na "may maluwas digdi na talagang magpapahiling kan kadepisilan kan mga babae sa mga mapang-abuso na relasyon". <ref name="hildebrand-newsltd2">{{cite web|url=http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/tv/rosie-batty-blasts-studio-10-host-joe-hildebrand-on-morning-tv/story-e6frfmyi-1226872088068|title=Rosie Batty blasts Studio 10 host Joe Hildebrand on morning TV|work=news.com.au|date=7 April 2014|access-date=25 January 2015}}</ref> Kan Setyembre 2015 inapod niya si Primer Ministro Malcolm Turnbull na isara an mga pasilidad nin detensyon sa imigrasyon sa Australia huli sa insidente nin panglulugos asin sekswal na pang-aabuso. <ref>Allard, Tom [http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/rosie-batty-takes-on-malcolm-turnbull-over-detention-centres-they-must-be-shut-down-20151001-gjz5zq.html Rosie Batty takes on Malcolm Turnbull over detention centres: 'They must be shut down' 2 October 2015] ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]''</ref> An istorya ni Batty nagin instrumento sa pagmukna kan 2015 kan Royal Commission into Family Violence sa saiyang ginikanan na estado nin Victoria. <ref name="AotY2">{{cite news|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/australian-of-the-year-rosie-batty-a-voice-of-family-violence/story-fnboyn5s-1227190075624|title=Australian of the year: Rosie Batty, a voice of family violence|date=20 January 2015|newspaper=[[The Australian]]|access-date=26 January 2015|author=Akerman, Pia}}</ref> Ini itinao sa Parlamento kan ika-30 nin Marso 2016. An report sarong kulminasyon kan 13-bulan na pagsiyasat kun pano epektibo na maiiwasan an kadahasan sa pamilya, mapakarhay an amay na interbensyon, suportaran an mga biktima, gibohon na responsable an mga nagkasala, mas marahay na makoordinar an simbag kan komunidad asin gobyerno, asin ebalwaron asin masukol an mga estratehiya, balangkas, polisiya, programa asin serbisyo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rcfv.com.au/Media/Royal-Commission-report-delivered-to-Government-Ho|title=Royal commission report delivered to Government House|last=Matthers|first=Tracey|date=31 July 2016|website=Royal Commission into Family Violence|access-date=2 May 2025|archive-date=5 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190305224148/http://www.rcfv.com.au/Media/Royal-Commission-report-delivered-to-Government-Ho|dead-url=yes}}</ref> An report igwa nin walong tomo, asin nakabasar sa 227 na rekomendasyon na ginibo kan komisyon tanganing mapakarhay, giyahan asin bantayan an sarong halawig na programa nin reporma na nagtutukar kan kadahasan sa pamilya. Kabali digdi an pagmukna kan Family Violence Protection Act, na nagtatao nin detalyadong kahulugan kan kadahasan sa pamilya, an mga relasyon kun saen ini pwedeng maglataw, asin an pagpakusog kan mga marahay na obheto asin prinsipyo kan Akta. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://files.rcfv.com.au/Reports/Final/RCFV-All-Volumes.pdf|title=Royal Commission into Family Violence Report|date=March 2016|website=Royal Commission into Family Violence|access-date=6 January 2018|archive-date=8 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190308121302/http://files.rcfv.com.au/Reports/Final/RCFV-All-Volumes.pdf|url-status=}}</ref> Kan huring parte kan 2016, si Batty nagsurat sa Federal Immigration Minister Peter Dutton sa pagsuporta ki Dr. Chamari Liyanage, na binugbog an saiyang agom sagkod na magadan gamit an sarong martilyo sa saiyang higdaan mantang siya nagtuturog kan 2014, na nagsasabi na si Liyanage dapat na togotan na magdanay sa Australia pagkatapos kan saiyang pagluwas sa bilanggoan, na nagsasabi na ini "magpapahiling nin pakikidamay sa gobyerno kan Australia na totoong nakakasabot kamugtakan kan mga biktima nin kadahasan sa pamilya asin sa harong." <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-12-19/rosie-batty-calls-on-peter-dutton-to-let-chamari-liyanage-stay/8132396|title=Rosie Batty calls on Peter Dutton to allow woman who killed abusive husband to stay in Australia|date=19 December 2016|language=en-AU}}</ref> Kan 16 Pebrero 2018, pig-anunsyo ni Batty na siya mababa sa pwesto bilang hepe ehekutibo kan Luke Batty Foundation, asin sa kahurihurihi isara an pundasyon. Kan parehong aldaw, an Pundasyon nag-ontok sa pag-ako nin mga donasyon. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lbf.joshs.space/a-message-from-rosie-some-time-out-of-the-public-eye/|title=A Message From Rosie: Some Time Out Of The Public Eye – Luke Batty Foundation|website=lbf.joshs.space|language=en-US|access-date=16 February 2018|archive-date=20 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220035412/https://lbf.joshs.space/a-message-from-rosie-some-time-out-of-the-public-eye/|url-status=}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-02-16/rosie-batty-resigns-luke-batty-foundation-closes/9456416|title=Rosie Batty resigns, Luke Batty Foundation to wind down operations}}</ref> == Pagkamidbid == Si Batty tinawan kan Pride of Australia's National Courage Medal kan 2014, ninombrahan 2015 Australian of the Year, tinawan nin honorary doctorate kan Unibersidad kan Sunshine Coast, asin pigranggo numero 33 sa listahan kan Pinakadakulang Lider kan Kinaban 2016 kan magasin ''na Fortune'' . <ref name="ABCAotY2">{{cite news|date=25 January 2015|title=Australian of the Year: Rosie Batty awarded top honour for efforts to stop family violence|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-01-25/rosie-batty-named-australian-of-the-year-2015/6045290|access-date=25 January 2015|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|location=Australia}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mysunshinecoast.com.au/news/news-display/usc-to-award-honorary-doctorate-to-rosie-batty,49194|title=USC to award Honorary Doctorate to Rosie Batty|website=My Sunshine Coast|language=en|access-date=6 January 2018|archive-date=8 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508074010/https://mysunshinecoast.com.au/news/news-display/usc-to-award-honorary-doctorate-to-rosie-batty,49194|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://fortune.com/worlds-greatest-leaders/2016/rosie-batty-33/|title=Rosie Batty|date=24 March 2016|work=Fortune|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en-US|accessdate=2 May 2025|archivedate=2 February 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202124624/http://fortune.com/worlds-greatest-leaders/2016/rosie-batty-33/}}</ref> Kan 2015 siya an tema kan sarong retrato ni Jacqui Clark na an pangaran ''Meeting Rosie Batty'', na napili para sa 2015 Portia Geach Memorial Award . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbesadvocate.com.au/story/3338815/rosie-inspires-top-artwork/|title=Rosie inspires top artwork|date=9 September 2015|accessdate=2 May 2025|archivedate=8 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708074429/https://www.forbesadvocate.com.au/story/3338815/rosie-inspires-top-artwork/}}</ref> Siya pig-indukto sa Victorian Honor Roll of Women kan 2015. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-09-11|title=Rosemary Batty AO|url=https://www.vic.gov.au/rosemary-batty-ao|access-date=2025-04-25|website=State Government of Victoria|language=en-au}}</ref> Kan Oktubre 2018 si Batty nginaranan sa sosyal na negosyo asin bakong para sa ganansya na kategorya kan ''The Australian Financial Review'' 100 Women of Influence awards. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.afr.com/brand/100women/women-of-influence-2018-winner-fights-for-recognition-of-indigenous-australians-20181015-h16npc|title=Women of Influence 2018 winner fights for recognition of Indigenous Australians|last=Patten|first=Sally|date=2018-10-17|work=Australian Financial Review|access-date=2018-10-18|language=en-US}}</ref> Kan ika-10 Hunyo 2019, siya ninombrahan bilang sarong Opisyal kan Orden kan Australia sa heneral na dibisyon bilang parte kan pagmidbid kan Queen's Birthday 2019 Honors para sa saiyang "pambihirang serbisyo sa komunidad bilang sarong parakampanya asin parasurog para sa pag-iingat kan kadahasan sa pamilya". <ref name=":22">{{Cite web|title=Rosemary Anne BATTY|url=https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/2004373|access-date=11 June 2019|website=honours.pmc.gov.au}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite news|date=2019-06-10|title=2019 Queen's Birthday Honours full list: Companions, Officers, Members, Medals, Meritorious and Military|url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6207862/the-full-list-of-queens-birthday-honours/|access-date=2019-06-10|work=The Canberra Times}}</ref> == Iba pang mga aktibidad == Kan 10 Oktubre 2023, si Batty saro sa 25 Australiano kan Taon na nagpirma nin sarong bukas na surat na nagsusuporta sa boto nin Iyo sa referendum kan Indigenous Voice, na pinonan kan sikiatrista na si Patrick McGorry .<ref>{{cite web|last=Butler|first=Josh|title=Australian of the Year winners sign open letter saying no vote in voice referendum would be a 'shameful dead end'|website=[[The Guardian]]|date=11 October 2023|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2023/oct/11/indigenous-voice-to-parliament-referendum-australians-of-the-year-open-letter|access-date=11 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="letter2">{{cite web|last=Winter|first=Velvet|title=Voice referendum live updates: Australians of the Year Yes vote letter in full|website=[[ABC News (Australia)]]|date=10 October 2023|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-10-11/live-updates-voice-referendum-latest-news-october-11/102958838|access-date=11 October 2023}}</ref> == Bibliograpiya == * {{Cite book|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/193270349|title=A Mother's Story|last=Batty, Rosie|last2=Corbett, Bryce|date=21 September 2015|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia Pty Limited|isbn=978-1-4607-5055-1|publication-date=2015}} * {{Cite book|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/256308178|title=Hope|last=Batty, Rosie|last2=Smethurst, Sue|date=3 April 2024|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers Australia Pty Limited|isbn=978-1-4607-6029-1|publication-date=2024}} == Mga Toltolan == <references /> {{Tamboan}} [[Kategorya:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qlxequtvoy6r88a8egtlyksmlltkzr4 0 55729 311808 304533 2026-10-24T18:40:15Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311808 wikitext text/x-wiki Si '''Ľubomír Lipták''' (1930 – 2003) sarong Eslobakong [[historyador]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2005|title=Osobný fond, PhDr. Ľubomír Lipták|url=http://archiv.sav.sk/dokumenty/inventare/liptak.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222071019/http://archiv.sav.sk/dokumenty/inventare/liptak.pdf|archive-date=2025-02-22|access-date=2020-10-06|website=|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=EUR'ORBEM Paris Sorbonne - La Slovaquie et l'Europe. Essais et articles par Ľubomír Lipták (1930-2003) |url=http://eurorbem.paris-sorbonne.fr/spip.php?article885&lang=fr |publisher=Sorbonne |access-date=2026-03-26 |archive-date=2019-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826055255/http://eurorbem.paris-sorbonne.fr/spip.php?article885&lang=fr |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} ==Mga babasahon pa== *{{cite book |last1=Kamenec |first1=Ivan |last2=Mannová |first2=Elena |last3=Kowalská |first3=Eva |last4=Sedliaková |first4=Alžbeta |last5=Lipták |first5=L'ubomír |authorlink1=Ivan Kamenec |title=Historik v čase a priestore: laudatio L'ubomírovi Liptákovi |date=2000 |publisher=Veda : Historický ústav [[Slovenskej akadémie vied]] |location=Bratislava |isbn=978-80-224-0651-2 |oclc=441207468 |language=Slovak}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Liptak, Lubomir}} [[Kategorya:Mga 1930 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 2003 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:20th-century Slovak historians]] [[Kategorya:Mga historyador nin Slovakia]] {{Slovakia-bio-stub}} ot09n5ecap0i26794uacppr6bf5k6dp 0 56070 311805 304435 2026-10-24T17:15:18Z InternetArchiveBot 17127 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead. #IABot (v2.0.9.6) 311805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Kenyan Academic}} {{BLP sources|date=December 2025}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Teresa Akenga | image = | caption = | birth_date = | birth_place = Ebubayi, Bunyore, Kenya | education = {{ubl|[[Kenyatta University]] (BEd, MSc)|[[University of New South Wales]] (PhD)|[[KCA University]] (MBA) }} | occupation = Kimiko, akademikong administrador | title = Kagmuknang [[Bise-Kanselor|Bise-Kanselor]] | term_start = Hunyo 10, 2013 | term_end = Hunyo 11, 2023 | predecessor = | successor = }} Si '''Teresa Ayuko Oduor Akenga''' sarong Kenyanong kemiko asin administrador akademiko na nagserbing kagmukna nin [[Bise-kanselor|Bise-Kanselor]] kan [[Unibersidad kan Eldoret]] poon 10 Hunyo 2013 sagkod 11 Hunyo 2023.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Vice Chancellor 2013 - 2023 |url=https://archive.uoeld.ac.ke/vice-chancellor-2013-2023 |website=University of Eldoret |access-date=4 December 2025}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Prof. Teresa Akenga, Chair, FAWoVC |url=https://repository.ruforum.org/AGM2023/speakers/prof-teresa-akenga-chair-fawovc |website=RUFORUM |access-date=4 December 2025}} {{Dead link|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Siya sarong propesor nin organikong kimika asin nagseserbi man bilang Pamayo kan Forum para sa mga Babaeng Bise-Kanselor kan Aprika (FAWoVC).<ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=The challenge of the girl child begins at birth, University of Eldoret VC Professor Teresa Akenga |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/evewoman/achieving-woman/article/2001254507/the-challenge-of-the-girl-child-begins-at-birth-university-of-eldoret-vc-professor-teresa-akenga |website=The Standard |date=15 March 2018 |access-date=4 December 2025}}</ref> == Amay na buhay asin edukasyon == Si Akenga namundag sa Ebubayi, [[Bunyore]], Kenya.<ref>{{cite book |last=Kabaji |first=Egara |chapter=Teresa Ayuko Akenga |editor=Kabaji, Egara |title=The Petite Dark Girl Who Grew Up to Become... |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2023 |isbn=9781003294924 |chapter-url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003294924-16/teresa-ayuko-akenga-egara-kabaji |access-date=4 December 2025}}</ref> An saiyang ama nag-enkaminar saiya na mag-adal nin mga asignatura sa siyensya, na bakong gayong komun para sa mga daragita kan panahon na idto.<ref name=":2" /> Nakakua siya nin Bachelor of Education (Science, Chemistry major) na may First Class Honors asin sarong Master of Science sa Chemistry gikan sa [[Kenyatta University]]. Natapos ni Akenga an sarong programa sa Master's Qualifying asin sarong PhD sa Organic Chemistry (Synthesis) sa [[University of New South Wales]] sa Australia. Kan huri nakakua siya nin Master of Business Administration (Corporate Governance) gikan sa [[KCA University]] sa Nairobi.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Karera sa akademya asin administrasyon == Si Akenga sarong paratukdo nin kimika asin matematika. Si Akenga nagkaigwa nin mga halangkaw na papel kabali an Deputy Vice-Chancellor para sa Academics, Research, asin Extension sa Management University of Africa asin Deputy Principal para sa Academic Affairs sa Bondo University College (ngonyan [[Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology]]).<ref name=":1" /> == Mga premyo asin mga miyembro == Naresibe niya an Moran of the Burning Spear gikan ki Presidente Uhuru Kenyatta kan 2013 para sa mga kontribusyon sa edukasyon asin pagsiyasat. Kan 2020, siya tinawan nin onra bilang an Pinakamarahay na Babae sa Pamamayo sa Edukasyon sa Sirangan na Aprika kan Asian Confederation of Businesses asin World Education Congress. Siya sarong miyembro kan Royal Society of Chemistry (MRSC), Kenya Chemical Society (KCS), Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC), asin kan Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD).<ref name=":0" /> ==Mga toltolan== {{Reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Akenga, Teresa Ayuko Oduor}} tdu766ng414bvra878grem5mb7y5rsl 0 56937 311799 311753 2026-10-24T14:46:42Z Ringer 55 311799 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Ladawan:The_Gesture_of_Blessing.jpg|thumb|Sarong aki nagtao nin respeto sa saiyang lolo sa paagi kan pagsagibo nin {{lang|bcl|pagbisa}}]] An '''''pagbisa''''' (<[[Kastila]] 'besar', paghadok') ({{langx|tl|pagmamano}}) iyo an sarong pag-onrang gesture na pigsasagibo sa [[kulturang Filipino]] bilang sarong senyal nin pagrespeto asin bilang sarong paagi nin paghagad nin [[pagpaladan]] gikan sa kamagurangan. Kaagid sa [[hand-kissing]], an tawong nagtatao nin pagbati naghahagad nin permiso tanganing isagibo an gesture sa paagi nin pagsabi nin "{{lang|bcl|Mabisa tabi}}" o "[''Pa-'']bless ''po''". Dangan sinda maduko pasiring sa kamagurangan asin iduduot sa saindang angog sa likod kan kamot kan kamagurangan. An tawong nagreresibi kan pagbati parating nag-oopresir kan saindang toong kamot asin nagsasabi nin pagpaladan, tipikal na "Paladan kan nin Dios".<ref name="fw" /> ==Toltolan== {{reflist}} {{stub}} h7kc3mawtxk7bbxdsdnkzx1dt5697ne 0 56940 311791 2026-10-24T13:48:07Z Ringer 55 Pinagmukna an pahina kaining "{{Infobox settlement|name=Balf|area_land_km2=|area_water_ha=|area_land_ha=|area_total_ha=|area_blank2_km2=<!-- hectares -->|area_blank1_km2=|area_metro_km2=|area_rural_km2=|area_urban_km2=|area_water_km2=|area_total_km2=|area_rural_ha=|area_blank2_title=<!-- square kilometers -->|area_blank1_title=|area_rank=|area_water_percent=|area_note=|area_magnitude=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->|area_metro_footnotes=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->|area_rural_footnotes=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->..." 311791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|name=Balf|area_land_km2=|area_water_ha=|area_land_ha=|area_total_ha=|area_blank2_km2=<!-- hectares -->|area_blank1_km2=|area_metro_km2=|area_rural_km2=|area_urban_km2=|area_water_km2=|area_total_km2=|area_rural_ha=|area_blank2_title=<!-- square kilometers -->|area_blank1_title=|area_rank=|area_water_percent=|area_note=|area_magnitude=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->|area_metro_footnotes=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->|area_rural_footnotes=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->|area_urban_footnotes=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->|area_footnotes=|area_urban_ha=|area_metro_ha=|leader_name4=|population_demonym=|website=<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->|iso_code=|area_code=|area_code_type=|postal_code=|postal_code_type=|utc_offset1_DST=|timezone1_DST=|utc_offset1=|timezone1=|population_note=|area_blank1_ha=|population_density_km2=auto|population_total=1000|population_as_of=|population_footnotes=|elevation_m=|elevation_footnotes=|dimensions_footnotes=|width_km=|length_km=|area_blank2_ha=|unit_pref=Metric <!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion --> <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->|leader_title4=|native_name=Wolfs|etymology=|coordinates={{Coord|47.6333|N|16.6000|E|display=title}}|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_map_caption=|pushpin_map_alt=|pushpin_map=|map_caption=|map_alt=|image_map=|motto=|nickname=|shield_alt=|coordinates_footnotes=|image_shield=|seal_alt=|image_seal=|flag_alt=|image_flag=|image_caption=|image_alt=|image_skyline=Balf_utcarészlet_(álló).jpg|settlement_type=Bayan|native_name_lang=de|coor_pinpoint=|subdivision_type=Bansa|leader_name3=|government_footnotes=|leader_title3=|leader_name2=|leader_title2=|leader_name1=|leader_title1=|leader_name=|leader_title=|leader_party=|governing_body=|government_type=|seat=|subdivision_name=[[Hungary]]|seat_type=|founder=|established_date=|established_title=|subdivision_name3=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name1=[[Sopron]]|subdivision_type1=Distrito|footnotes=}}An '''Balf''' ( {{Lang-de|Wolfs}} ) sarong banwaan sa [[Hungarya]] sa distrito nin [[Sopron]] . Igwas ini nin lumabi-kumulang na 1,000 mga tawong nakaestar igdi. <ref>[http://www.1hungary.com/info/sopron_balf/ Hungary - Sopron (Balf)], 1hungary.com</ref> == Toltolan == {{Reflist}} == Mga panluas na takod == * https://www.memorialmuseums.org/eng/denkmaeler/view/1608/National-memorial-site-to-the-victims-of-the-Balf-camp {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207034150/https://www.memorialmuseums.org/eng/denkmaeler/view/1608/National-memorial-site-to-the-victims-of-the-Balf-camp |date=2021-02-07 }} [[Kategorya:Hungarya]] rh5h5w32ozqv0jbk9acye6iqakrsspj 311792 311791 2026-10-24T13:49:32Z Ringer 55 311792 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement|name=Balf|area_land_km2=|area_water_ha=|area_land_ha=|area_total_ha=|area_blank2_km2=<!-- hectares -->|area_blank1_km2=|area_metro_km2=|area_rural_km2=|area_urban_km2=|area_water_km2=|area_total_km2=|area_rural_ha=|area_blank2_title=<!-- square kilometers -->|area_blank1_title=|area_rank=|area_water_percent=|area_note=|area_magnitude=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->|area_metro_footnotes=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->|area_rural_footnotes=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->|area_urban_footnotes=<!-- <ref> </ref> -->|area_footnotes=|area_urban_ha=|area_metro_ha=|leader_name4=|population_demonym=|website=<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->|iso_code=|area_code=|area_code_type=|postal_code=|postal_code_type=|utc_offset1_DST=|timezone1_DST=|utc_offset1=|timezone1=|population_note=|area_blank1_ha=|population_density_km2=auto|population_total=1000|population_as_of=|population_footnotes=|elevation_m=|elevation_footnotes=|dimensions_footnotes=|width_km=|length_km=|area_blank2_ha=|unit_pref=Metric <!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion --> <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->|leader_title4=|native_name=Wolfs|etymology=|coordinates={{Coord|47.6333|N|16.6000|E|display=title}}|pushpin_label_position=|pushpin_map_caption=|pushpin_map_alt=|pushpin_map=|map_caption=|map_alt=|image_map=|motto=|nickname=|shield_alt=|coordinates_footnotes=|image_shield=|seal_alt=|image_seal=|flag_alt=|image_flag=|image_caption=|image_alt=|image_skyline=Balf_utcarészlet_(álló).jpg|settlement_type=Bayan|native_name_lang=de|coor_pinpoint=|subdivision_type=Bansa|leader_name3=|government_footnotes=|leader_title3=|leader_name2=|leader_title2=|leader_name1=|leader_title1=|leader_name=|leader_title=|leader_party=|governing_body=|government_type=|seat=|subdivision_name=[[Hungary]]|seat_type=|founder=|established_date=|established_title=|subdivision_name3=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name1=[[Sopron]]|subdivision_type1=Distrito|footnotes=}}An '''Balf''' ( {{Lang-de|Wolfs}} ) sarong banwaan sa [[Hungarya]] sa distrito nin [[Sopron]] . Igwas ini nin lumabi-kumulang na 1,000 mga tawong nakaestar igdi. <ref>[http://www.1hungary.com/info/sopron_balf/ Hungary - Sopron (Balf)], 1hungary.com</ref> == Toltolan == {{Reflist}} == Mga panluas na takod == * https://www.memorialmuseums.org/eng/denkmaeler/view/1608/National-memorial-site-to-the-victims-of-the-Balf-camp {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207034150/https://www.memorialmuseums.org/eng/denkmaeler/view/1608/National-memorial-site-to-the-victims-of-the-Balf-camp |date=2021-02-07 }} [[Kategorya:Hungarya]] [[en:Balf, Hungary]] as6oz9epaesmr6j4v1bgm36e8zmu6ib 0 56941 311793 2026-10-24T14:30:55Z Ringer 55 Pinagmukna an pahina kaining "Si '''Santes''' (or '''Xantes''') '''Pagnino''' (Latin: Xanthus Pagninus) (1470–1536<ref>On the year of his death see Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Pagninus, Santes'', in: ''Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception'', vol. 22 (2024), col. 1097-1099.</ref>), inaapod man na Sante Pagnini o Santi Pagnini, sarong Italyanong [[Dominican Order|Dominikano]]ng prayle, asin saro sa nangengenot na [[pilologo]] asin [[Biblical studies|Iskolar sa Bibliya]] kan panahon niya..." 311793 wikitext text/x-wiki Si '''Santes''' (or '''Xantes''') '''Pagnino''' (Latin: Xanthus Pagninus) (1470–1536<ref>On the year of his death see Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Pagninus, Santes'', in: ''Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception'', vol. 22 (2024), col. 1097-1099.</ref>), inaapod man na Sante Pagnini o Santi Pagnini, sarong Italyanong [[Dominican Order|Dominikano]]ng prayle, asin saro sa nangengenot na [[pilologo]] asin [[Biblical studies|Iskolar sa Bibliya]] kan panahon niya. ==Biograpiya== Si Pagnino namundag kan 1470 sa [[Lucca]], [[Tuscany]], yaon sa sentral Italya. Sa edad na 16, siya naglaog sa pagkapadi sa [[Convent of San Domenico, Fiesole|San Domenico sa Fiesole]], kun saen siya nag'adal sa direksyon ni [[Savonarola]] asin ibang eminenteng propesor.<ref>Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Bibel- und Hebräischstudien italienischer Dominikaner des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts'', in: ''Bibelstudium und Predigt im Dominikanerorden. Geschichte, Ideal, Praxis'', ed. by Viliam Stefan Doci und Thomas Prügl, Rome 2019 (= Dissertationes Historicae, vol. 36), p. 255-271, cf. p. 259-261.</ref> sa pagkakamit niya kan mga lenggwaheng Semitiko, na saiyang naadalan sa [[Florence]], siya nagpahiling nin pambihirang rigmat nin isip. An pagkahenyo niya, higos asin halangkaw na adal iyo naghakot saiya nin mga amigong maimpluwensya, arog ki Cardinals de'Medici, sasinm mga papa arog ki [[Leo X]] asin [[Clement VII]]. Bilang [[orador sagrado]] an saiyang igot asin husay sa pagdiskurso sabay-0sabay sa saiyang dunong. Inapod sa Roma ni Leo X, siya nagtukdo sa bagoing bukas na libreng eskwelahan para sa mga lenggwaheng Semmitiko hanggan saiyang patron nagadan kan (1521). Dangan siya tolong taon sa [[Avignon]] asin an ultimong pitong taon kan buhay niya sagkod sikya magadan yaon sa pagtukdo sa [[Lyon]]. Igdi instrumental na gayo siya sa pagpatugdok nin hospital para sa mga nagheherelang, asin hli sa saoyang igot asin husay nin pagtaram, naulang an biglang pagtunga kan [[Waldensianism]] asin [[Lutheranism]] sa syudad, asin huli kaini nakamit niya an prebilihiyo nin paggawad saiya nin citizenship. Igdi kaulay-ulay niya man an polimata asin Hebraist na si [[Michael Servetus]], na kun kiisay iwinalat niya mga nota niya sa pag'adal kan bibliya kun siya magadan.<ref> (2011) Gonzalez Echeverría, Fco Javier- "El amor a la verdad. Vida y obra de Miguel Servet </ref> The epitaph of Pagnino, originally adorning his tomb in the Dominican church at Lyon, fixes the date of his death on 24 August 1541, at Lyon, beyond dispute. ==Mga sinurat== An mmerito daa kan saiyang ''Veteris et Novi Testamenti nova translatio'' (Lyon, 1527) yaon sa marayrahay na pag'usar kan tunay na Hebrew, na ikinaumaw kan mga rabbi asin ginustong gayo ini asin man ngani sa Papa Leo X iyo an nagpa'san kan gasto sa pagpublikar kaini. An bersyon na ini mauunabihan ta inusar an pagnunumero sa mga berso sa [[Bagong Tipan]], dawa totoo bakong nag'aayog sa pagnunumero sa modernong bibliya.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Bible: A History|author=Miller, Stephen M., Huber, Robert V.|year=2004|publisher=Good Books|isbn=1-56148-414-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173 173]|url=https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173}}</ref> Magkapirang edisyon kaining monumental na ''Thesaurus linguæ sanctæ'' (Lyon, 1529), napalagda' kan kapwa mga [[Protestante]] asin kan mga Katoliko. Iba pa nyang mga trabaho gabos dapit sa scripture, Griyego o Hebreong tataramon. Uya an mga magkapira: * ''Isagogae ad sacras literas liber unicus'' (Lyon, 1528, etc.) * ''אוֹצַר לְשׁוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ, Thesaurus Linguae Sanctae sive Lexicon Hebraicum'' ("Treasury of the sacred language, or Hebrew lexicon") (1529)<ref>{{Google Books|3g1EAAAAcAAJ|Thesaurus linguae sanctae sive lexicon hebraicum}}</ref> * ''Catena argentea in [[Pentateuch]]um'' in six volumes (Lyon, 1536). ==Ginunuan== * {{Catholic Encyclopedia|wstitle=Santes Pagnino}} ==Mga NOta== <references/> {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pagnino, Santes}} [[Kategorya:Mga 1470 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 1541 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Italyanong mga do minikano]] [[Kategorya:Christian Hebraists]] [[Kategorya:Mga Katoliko romanong mga iskolar sa bibliya]] 9th96pzoqv0dlne8j6lfghkulvg29nj 311794 311793 2026-10-24T14:32:08Z Ringer 55 311794 wikitext text/x-wiki Si '''Santes''' (or '''Xantes''') '''Pagnino''' (Latin: Xanthus Pagninus) (1470–1536<ref>On the year of his death see Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Pagninus, Santes'', in: ''Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception'', vol. 22 (2024), col. 1097-1099.</ref>), inaapod man na Sante Pagnini o Santi Pagnini, sarong Italyanong [[Dominican Order|Dominikano]]ng prayle, asin saro sa nangengenot na [[pilologo]] asin [[Biblical studies|Iskolar sa Bibliya]] kan panahon niya. ==Biograpiya== Si Pagnino namundag kan 1470 sa [[Lucca]], [[Tuscany]], yaon sa sentral Italya. Sa edad na 16, siya naglaog sa pagkapadi sa [[Convent of San Domenico, Fiesole|San Domenico sa Fiesole]], kun saen siya nag'adal sa direksyon ni [[Savonarola]] asin ibang eminenteng propesor.<ref>Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Bibel- und Hebräischstudien italienischer Dominikaner des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts'', in: ''Bibelstudium und Predigt im Dominikanerorden. Geschichte, Ideal, Praxis'', ed. by Viliam Stefan Doci und Thomas Prügl, Rome 2019 (= Dissertationes Historicae, vol. 36), p. 255-271, cf. p. 259-261.</ref> sa pagkakamit niya kan mga lenggwaheng Semitiko, na saiyang naadalan sa [[Florence]], siya nagpahiling nin pambihirang rigmat nin isip. An pagkahenyo niya, higos asin halangkaw na adal iyo naghakot saiya nin mga amigong maimpluwensya, arog ki Cardinals de'Medici, sasinm mga papa arog ki [[Leo X]] asin [[Clement VII]]. Bilang [[orador sagrado]] an saiyang igot asin husay sa pagdiskurso sabay-0sabay sa saiyang dunong. Inapod sa Roma ni Leo X, siya nagtukdo sa bagoing bukas na libreng eskwelahan para sa mga lenggwaheng Semmitiko hanggan saiyang patron nagadan kan (1521). Dangan siya tolong taon sa [[Avignon]] asin an ultimong pitong taon kan buhay niya sagkod sikya magadan yaon sa pagtukdo sa [[Lyon]]. Igdi instrumental na gayo siya sa pagpatugdok nin hospital para sa mga nagheherelang, asin hli sa saoyang igot asin husay nin pagtaram, naulang an biglang pagtunga kan [[Waldensianism]] asin [[Lutheranism]] sa syudad, asin huli kaini nakamit niya an prebilihiyo nin paggawad saiya nin citizenship. Igdi kaulay-ulay niya man an polimata asin Hebraist na si [[Michael Servetus]], na kun kiisay iwinalat niya mga nota niya sa pag'adal kan bibliya kun siya magadan.<ref> (2011) Gonzalez Echeverría, Fco Javier- "El amor a la verdad. Vida y obra de Miguel Servet </ref> The epitaph of Pagnino, originally adorning his tomb in the Dominican church at Lyon, fixes the date of his death on 24 August 1541, at Lyon, beyond dispute. ==Mga sinurat== An mmerito daa kan saiyang ''Veteris et Novi Testamenti nova translatio'' (Lyon, 1527) yaon sa marayrahay na pag'usar kan tunay na Hebrew, na ikinaumaw kan mga rabbi asin ginustong gayo ini asin man ngani sa Papa Leo X iyo an nagpa'san kan gasto sa pagpublikar kaini. An bersyon na ini mauunabihan ta inusar an pagnunumero sa mga berso sa [[Bagong Tipan]], dawa totoo bakong nag'aayog sa pagnunumero sa modernong bibliya.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Bible: A History|author=Miller, Stephen M., Huber, Robert V.|year=2004|publisher=Good Books|isbn=1-56148-414-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173 173]|url=https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173}}</ref> Magkapirang edisyon kaining monumental na ''Thesaurus linguæ sanctæ'' (Lyon, 1529), napalagda' kan kapwa mga [[Protestante]] asin kan mga Katoliko. Iba pa nyang mga trabaho gabos dapit sa scripture, Griyego o Hebreong tataramon. Uya an mga magkapira: * ''Isagogae ad sacras literas liber unicus'' (Lyon, 1528, etc.) * ''אוֹצַר לְשׁוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ, Thesaurus Linguae Sanctae sive Lexicon Hebraicum'' ("Treasury of the sacred language, or Hebrew lexicon") (1529)<ref>{{Google Books|3g1EAAAAcAAJ|Thesaurus linguae sanctae sive lexicon hebraicum}}</ref> * ''Catena argentea in [[Pentateuch]]um'' in six volumes (Lyon, 1536). ==Ginunuan== * {{Catholic Encyclopedia|wstitle=Santes Pagnino}} ==Mga NOta== <references/> {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pagnino, Santes}} [[Kategorya:Mga 1470 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 1541 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Italyanong mga do minikano]] [[Kategorya:Christian Hebraists]] [[Kategorya:Mga Katoliko romanong mga iskolar sa bibliya]] [[en:Santes Pagnino]] cr61rdlj302e9mwjm1xt3o6z14qlyzt 311795 311794 2026-10-24T14:37:01Z Ringer 55 /* Biograpiya */ 311795 wikitext text/x-wiki Si '''Santes''' (or '''Xantes''') '''Pagnino''' (Latin: Xanthus Pagninus) (1470–1536<ref>On the year of his death see Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Pagninus, Santes'', in: ''Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception'', vol. 22 (2024), col. 1097-1099.</ref>), inaapod man na Sante Pagnini o Santi Pagnini, sarong Italyanong [[Dominican Order|Dominikano]]ng prayle, asin saro sa nangengenot na [[pilologo]] asin [[Biblical studies|Iskolar sa Bibliya]] kan panahon niya. ==Biograpiya== Si Pagnino namundag kan 1470 sa [[Lucca]], [[Tuscany]], yaon sa sentral Italya. Sa edad na 16, siya naglaog sa pagkapadi sa [[Convent of San Domenico, Fiesole|San Domenico sa Fiesole]], kun saen siya nag'adal sa direksyon ni [[Savonarola]] asin ibang eminenteng propesor.<ref>Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Bibel- und Hebräischstudien italienischer Dominikaner des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts'', in: ''Bibelstudium und Predigt im Dominikanerorden. Geschichte, Ideal, Praxis'', ed. by Viliam Stefan Doci und Thomas Prügl, Rome 2019 (= Dissertationes Historicae, vol. 36), p. 255-271, cf. p. 259-261.</ref> sa pagkakamit niya kan mga lenggwaheng Semitiko, na saiyang naadalan sa [[Florence]], siya nagpahiling nin pambihirang rigmat nin isip. An pagkahenyo niya, higos asin halangkaw na adal iyo naghakot saiya nin mga amigong maimpluwensya, arog ki Cardinals de'Medici, asin mga papa arog ki [[Leo X]] asin [[Clement VII]]. Bilang [[orador sagrado]] an saiyang igot asin husay sa pagdiskurso sabay-sabay sa saiyang dunong. Inapod sa Roma ni Leo X, siya nagtukdo sa bagong bukas na libreng eskwelahan para sa mga lenggwaheng Semitiko hanggan saiyang patron nagadan kan (1521). Dangan siya tolong taon sa [[Avignon]] asin an ultimong pitong taon kan buhay niya sagkod siya magadan yaon sa pagtukdo sa [[Lyon]]. Igdi instrumental na gayo siya sa pagpatugdok nin hospital para sa mga nagheherelang, asin huli sa saiyang igot asin husay nin pagtaram, naulang an biglang pagtunga kan [[Waldensianism]] asin [[Lutheranism]] sa syudad, asin huli kaini nakamit niya an prebilihiyo nin paggawad saiya nin citizenship. Igdi kaulay-ulay niya man an polimata asin Hebraist na si [[Michael Servetus]], na kun kiisay iwinalat niya mga nota niya sa pag'adal kan bibliya kun siya magadan.<ref> (2011) Gonzalez Echeverría, Fco Javier- "El amor a la verdad. Vida y obra de Miguel Servet </ref> An epitaph ni Pagnino, na nakasurat sa saiyang lolobngan sa simbahan dominakano sa Lyon, daing duda ipigpugal an tamang petsa kan saiyang pagkagadan sa 24 Agosto 1541, sa Lyon. ==Mga sinurat== An mmerito daa kan saiyang ''Veteris et Novi Testamenti nova translatio'' (Lyon, 1527) yaon sa marayrahay na pag'usar kan tunay na Hebrew, na ikinaumaw kan mga rabbi asin ginustong gayo ini asin man ngani sa Papa Leo X iyo an nagpa'san kan gasto sa pagpublikar kaini. An bersyon na ini mauunabihan ta inusar an pagnunumero sa mga berso sa [[Bagong Tipan]], dawa totoo bakong nag'aayog sa pagnunumero sa modernong bibliya.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Bible: A History|author=Miller, Stephen M., Huber, Robert V.|year=2004|publisher=Good Books|isbn=1-56148-414-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173 173]|url=https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173}}</ref> Magkapirang edisyon kaining monumental na ''Thesaurus linguæ sanctæ'' (Lyon, 1529), napalagda' kan kapwa mga [[Protestante]] asin kan mga Katoliko. Iba pa nyang mga trabaho gabos dapit sa scripture, Griyego o Hebreong tataramon. Uya an mga magkapira: * ''Isagogae ad sacras literas liber unicus'' (Lyon, 1528, etc.) * ''אוֹצַר לְשׁוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ, Thesaurus Linguae Sanctae sive Lexicon Hebraicum'' ("Treasury of the sacred language, or Hebrew lexicon") (1529)<ref>{{Google Books|3g1EAAAAcAAJ|Thesaurus linguae sanctae sive lexicon hebraicum}}</ref> * ''Catena argentea in [[Pentateuch]]um'' in six volumes (Lyon, 1536). ==Ginunuan== * {{Catholic Encyclopedia|wstitle=Santes Pagnino}} ==Mga NOta== <references/> {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pagnino, Santes}} [[Kategorya:Mga 1470 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 1541 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Italyanong mga do minikano]] [[Kategorya:Christian Hebraists]] [[Kategorya:Mga Katoliko romanong mga iskolar sa bibliya]] [[en:Santes Pagnino]] 8ht5l9jhczfbtmzqzy49gce6oxzewb9 311796 311795 2026-10-24T14:38:22Z Ringer 55 /* Mga sinurat */ 311796 wikitext text/x-wiki Si '''Santes''' (or '''Xantes''') '''Pagnino''' (Latin: Xanthus Pagninus) (1470–1536<ref>On the year of his death see Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Pagninus, Santes'', in: ''Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception'', vol. 22 (2024), col. 1097-1099.</ref>), inaapod man na Sante Pagnini o Santi Pagnini, sarong Italyanong [[Dominican Order|Dominikano]]ng prayle, asin saro sa nangengenot na [[pilologo]] asin [[Biblical studies|Iskolar sa Bibliya]] kan panahon niya. ==Biograpiya== Si Pagnino namundag kan 1470 sa [[Lucca]], [[Tuscany]], yaon sa sentral Italya. Sa edad na 16, siya naglaog sa pagkapadi sa [[Convent of San Domenico, Fiesole|San Domenico sa Fiesole]], kun saen siya nag'adal sa direksyon ni [[Savonarola]] asin ibang eminenteng propesor.<ref>Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Bibel- und Hebräischstudien italienischer Dominikaner des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts'', in: ''Bibelstudium und Predigt im Dominikanerorden. Geschichte, Ideal, Praxis'', ed. by Viliam Stefan Doci und Thomas Prügl, Rome 2019 (= Dissertationes Historicae, vol. 36), p. 255-271, cf. p. 259-261.</ref> sa pagkakamit niya kan mga lenggwaheng Semitiko, na saiyang naadalan sa [[Florence]], siya nagpahiling nin pambihirang rigmat nin isip. An pagkahenyo niya, higos asin halangkaw na adal iyo naghakot saiya nin mga amigong maimpluwensya, arog ki Cardinals de'Medici, asin mga papa arog ki [[Leo X]] asin [[Clement VII]]. Bilang [[orador sagrado]] an saiyang igot asin husay sa pagdiskurso sabay-sabay sa saiyang dunong. Inapod sa Roma ni Leo X, siya nagtukdo sa bagong bukas na libreng eskwelahan para sa mga lenggwaheng Semitiko hanggan saiyang patron nagadan kan (1521). Dangan siya tolong taon sa [[Avignon]] asin an ultimong pitong taon kan buhay niya sagkod siya magadan yaon sa pagtukdo sa [[Lyon]]. Igdi instrumental na gayo siya sa pagpatugdok nin hospital para sa mga nagheherelang, asin huli sa saiyang igot asin husay nin pagtaram, naulang an biglang pagtunga kan [[Waldensianism]] asin [[Lutheranism]] sa syudad, asin huli kaini nakamit niya an prebilihiyo nin paggawad saiya nin citizenship. Igdi kaulay-ulay niya man an polimata asin Hebraist na si [[Michael Servetus]], na kun kiisay iwinalat niya mga nota niya sa pag'adal kan bibliya kun siya magadan.<ref> (2011) Gonzalez Echeverría, Fco Javier- "El amor a la verdad. Vida y obra de Miguel Servet </ref> An epitaph ni Pagnino, na nakasurat sa saiyang lolobngan sa simbahan dominakano sa Lyon, daing duda ipigpugal an tamang petsa kan saiyang pagkagadan sa 24 Agosto 1541, sa Lyon. ==Mga sinurat== An merito daa kan saiyang ''Veteris et Novi Testamenti nova translatio'' (Lyon, 1527) yaon sa marayrahay na pag'usar kan tunay na Hebrew, na ikinaumaw kan mga rabbi asin ginustong gayo ini asin man ngani sa Papa Leo X iyo an nagpa'san kan gasto sa pagpublikar kaini. An bersyon na ini mauunabihan ta inusar an pagnunumero sa mga berso sa [[Bagong Tipan]], dawa totoo bakong nag'aayog sa pagnunumero sa modernong bibliya.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Bible: A History|author=Miller, Stephen M., Huber, Robert V.|year=2004|publisher=Good Books|isbn=1-56148-414-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173 173]|url=https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173}}</ref> Magkapirang edisyon kaining monumental na ''Thesaurus linguæ sanctæ'' (Lyon, 1529), napalagda' kan kapwa mga [[Protestante]] asin kan mga Katoliko. Iba pa nyang mga trabaho gabos dapit sa scripture, Griyego o Hebreong tataramon. Uya an mga magkapira: * ''Isagogae ad sacras literas liber unicus'' (Lyon, 1528, etc.) * ''אוֹצַר לְשׁוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ, Thesaurus Linguae Sanctae sive Lexicon Hebraicum'' ("Treasury of the sacred language, or Hebrew lexicon") (1529)<ref>{{Google Books|3g1EAAAAcAAJ|Thesaurus linguae sanctae sive lexicon hebraicum}}</ref> * ''Catena argentea in [[Pentateuch]]um'' in six volumes (Lyon, 1536). ==Ginunuan== * {{Catholic Encyclopedia|wstitle=Santes Pagnino}} ==Mga NOta== <references/> {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pagnino, Santes}} [[Kategorya:Mga 1470 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 1541 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Italyanong mga do minikano]] [[Kategorya:Christian Hebraists]] [[Kategorya:Mga Katoliko romanong mga iskolar sa bibliya]] [[en:Santes Pagnino]] r1jstr8g8i15jpulru264nt1km0hs3g 311797 311796 2026-10-24T14:38:41Z Ringer 55 /* Mga NOta */ 311797 wikitext text/x-wiki Si '''Santes''' (or '''Xantes''') '''Pagnino''' (Latin: Xanthus Pagninus) (1470–1536<ref>On the year of his death see Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Pagninus, Santes'', in: ''Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception'', vol. 22 (2024), col. 1097-1099.</ref>), inaapod man na Sante Pagnini o Santi Pagnini, sarong Italyanong [[Dominican Order|Dominikano]]ng prayle, asin saro sa nangengenot na [[pilologo]] asin [[Biblical studies|Iskolar sa Bibliya]] kan panahon niya. ==Biograpiya== Si Pagnino namundag kan 1470 sa [[Lucca]], [[Tuscany]], yaon sa sentral Italya. Sa edad na 16, siya naglaog sa pagkapadi sa [[Convent of San Domenico, Fiesole|San Domenico sa Fiesole]], kun saen siya nag'adal sa direksyon ni [[Savonarola]] asin ibang eminenteng propesor.<ref>Elias H. Füllenbach, ''Bibel- und Hebräischstudien italienischer Dominikaner des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts'', in: ''Bibelstudium und Predigt im Dominikanerorden. Geschichte, Ideal, Praxis'', ed. by Viliam Stefan Doci und Thomas Prügl, Rome 2019 (= Dissertationes Historicae, vol. 36), p. 255-271, cf. p. 259-261.</ref> sa pagkakamit niya kan mga lenggwaheng Semitiko, na saiyang naadalan sa [[Florence]], siya nagpahiling nin pambihirang rigmat nin isip. An pagkahenyo niya, higos asin halangkaw na adal iyo naghakot saiya nin mga amigong maimpluwensya, arog ki Cardinals de'Medici, asin mga papa arog ki [[Leo X]] asin [[Clement VII]]. Bilang [[orador sagrado]] an saiyang igot asin husay sa pagdiskurso sabay-sabay sa saiyang dunong. Inapod sa Roma ni Leo X, siya nagtukdo sa bagong bukas na libreng eskwelahan para sa mga lenggwaheng Semitiko hanggan saiyang patron nagadan kan (1521). Dangan siya tolong taon sa [[Avignon]] asin an ultimong pitong taon kan buhay niya sagkod siya magadan yaon sa pagtukdo sa [[Lyon]]. Igdi instrumental na gayo siya sa pagpatugdok nin hospital para sa mga nagheherelang, asin huli sa saiyang igot asin husay nin pagtaram, naulang an biglang pagtunga kan [[Waldensianism]] asin [[Lutheranism]] sa syudad, asin huli kaini nakamit niya an prebilihiyo nin paggawad saiya nin citizenship. Igdi kaulay-ulay niya man an polimata asin Hebraist na si [[Michael Servetus]], na kun kiisay iwinalat niya mga nota niya sa pag'adal kan bibliya kun siya magadan.<ref> (2011) Gonzalez Echeverría, Fco Javier- "El amor a la verdad. Vida y obra de Miguel Servet </ref> An epitaph ni Pagnino, na nakasurat sa saiyang lolobngan sa simbahan dominakano sa Lyon, daing duda ipigpugal an tamang petsa kan saiyang pagkagadan sa 24 Agosto 1541, sa Lyon. ==Mga sinurat== An merito daa kan saiyang ''Veteris et Novi Testamenti nova translatio'' (Lyon, 1527) yaon sa marayrahay na pag'usar kan tunay na Hebrew, na ikinaumaw kan mga rabbi asin ginustong gayo ini asin man ngani sa Papa Leo X iyo an nagpa'san kan gasto sa pagpublikar kaini. An bersyon na ini mauunabihan ta inusar an pagnunumero sa mga berso sa [[Bagong Tipan]], dawa totoo bakong nag'aayog sa pagnunumero sa modernong bibliya.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Bible: A History|author=Miller, Stephen M., Huber, Robert V.|year=2004|publisher=Good Books|isbn=1-56148-414-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173 173]|url=https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173}}</ref> Magkapirang edisyon kaining monumental na ''Thesaurus linguæ sanctæ'' (Lyon, 1529), napalagda' kan kapwa mga [[Protestante]] asin kan mga Katoliko. Iba pa nyang mga trabaho gabos dapit sa scripture, Griyego o Hebreong tataramon. Uya an mga magkapira: * ''Isagogae ad sacras literas liber unicus'' (Lyon, 1528, etc.) * ''אוֹצַר לְשׁוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ, Thesaurus Linguae Sanctae sive Lexicon Hebraicum'' ("Treasury of the sacred language, or Hebrew lexicon") (1529)<ref>{{Google Books|3g1EAAAAcAAJ|Thesaurus linguae sanctae sive lexicon hebraicum}}</ref> * ''Catena argentea in [[Pentateuch]]um'' in six volumes (Lyon, 1536). ==Ginunuan== * {{Catholic Encyclopedia|wstitle=Santes Pagnino}} ==Mga Nota== <references/> {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pagnino, Santes}} [[Kategorya:Mga 1470 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 1541 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:Mga Italyanong mga do minikano]] [[Kategorya:Christian Hebraists]] [[Kategorya:Mga Katoliko romanong mga iskolar sa bibliya]] [[en:Santes Pagnino]] 8vz15dxk4nu6z2pf28yx1bxgjzph3io 0 56942 311810 2026-10-25T09:03:24Z Ringer 55 Pinagmukna an pahina kaining " {{Infobox person | name = Alan Billis | image = | caption = | birth_name = | native_name = | birth_date = {{Circa|1949}} | birth_place = [[United Kingdom]] | death_date = Enero 2011 (edad 61) | death_place = | alma_mater = | occupation = Draybeer nin taksi | party = | otherparty = | notable_works = | partner = | spo..." 311810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Alan Billis | image = | caption = | birth_name = | native_name = | birth_date = {{Circa|1949}} | birth_place = [[United Kingdom]] | death_date = Enero 2011 (edad 61) | death_place = | alma_mater = | occupation = Draybeer nin taksi | party = | otherparty = | notable_works = | partner = | spouse = Jan Billis (1975–2011) | signature = }} Si '''Alan Billis''' ({{Circa|1949}} – Enero 2011) sarong Briton na drayber sa taksi na sa saiyang bilog na pagtugot kan buhay pa siya alagad may helang kanser sa baga, na pagkagadan niya saiyang idinulot saiyang hawak na magin sentro kan ekspiremento sa pagdiskubre kun paano an pagmummify kan saiyang bankay siring sa antigong praktis kan mga gugurang na mga taga-Ehipto, asin kan 2011 an ekspirementong syantipiko ginibo ngani maarog nanggad an sa suanoy na teknik nin mummification nin mga Egyptian.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Gunther |first=Matthew |title=Why I mummified a taxi driver |url=https://www.chemistryworld.com/careers/why-i-mummified-a-taxi-driver/2500178.article |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=Chemistry World |language=en}}</ref> Diagnosed with terminal lung cancer, Billis volunteered to donate his body to the project led by archaeologist [[Joann Fletcher]] and chemist Stephen Buckley.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-10-18 |title=Devon taxi driver Alan Billis's body in mummy test |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-devon-15342140 |access-date=2025-12-28 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> An saiyang bangkay napangyari an pagmummify na inusar an mga metodo basado sa mga pag'adal arkeolohikal kan praktis na siring kan [[Ika-18ng dinastiya nin Ehipto]]]] asin an namummified na hawak yaon nasasaray sa [[Gordon Museum of Pathology]] sa [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=UK taxi driver becomes first mummy for 3,000 years |url=https://phys.org/news/2011-10-uk-taxi-driver-mummy-years.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112034604/https://phys.org/news/2011-10-uk-taxi-driver-mummy-years.html |archive-date=2020-11-12 |access-date=2025-12-28 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gordon Museum - London, United Kingdom |url=https://wahooart.com/sk/museums/gordon-museum-united-kingdom-london-en/ |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=wahooart.com}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Galvin |first=Elizabeth |chapter=Hacking the Collections |date=2022-07-05 |title=Digital Heritage and Archaeology in Practice |pages=39–60 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813069319.003.0003 |access-date=2025-12-28 |publisher=University Press of Florida |isbn=978-0-8130-6931-9 |last2=Wexler |first2=Jennifer}}</ref> ==Toltolan== [[Kategorya:Mga 1940 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 2011 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:Mga pagkagadan huli sa kanser sa baga]] [[Kategorya:Mga pagkagadan sa kanser sa baga sa United Kingdom]] [[Kategorya:Mga tawong haleng Torquay]] [[Kategorya:Mummy]] [[Kategorya:Eksperimental arkeolohiko]] e8me9k071pba1302lh8idp8i28xn91i 311811 311810 2026-10-25T09:10:45Z Ringer 55 311811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Alan Billis | image = | caption = | birth_name = | native_name = | birth_date = {{Circa|1949}} | birth_place = [[United Kingdom]] | death_date = Enero 2011 (edad 61) | death_place = | alma_mater = | occupation = Draybeer nin taksi | party = | otherparty = | notable_works = | partner = | spouse = Jan Billis (1975–2011) | signature = }} Si '''Alan Billis''' ({{Circa|1949}} – Enero 2011) sarong Briton na drayber sa taksi na sa saiyang bilog na pagtugot kan buhay pa siya alagad may helang kanser sa baga, na pagkagadan niya saiyang idinulot saiyang hawak na magin sentro kan ekspiremento sa pagdiskubre kun paano an pagmummify kan saiyang bankay siring sa antigong praktis kan mga gugurang na mga taga-Ehipto, asin kan 2011 an ekspirementong syantipiko ginibo ngani maarog nanggad an sa suanoy na teknik nin mummification nin mga Egyptian.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Gunther |first=Matthew |title=Why I mummified a taxi driver |url=https://www.chemistryworld.com/careers/why-i-mummified-a-taxi-driver/2500178.article |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=Chemistry World |language=en}}</ref> Nadiagnose na igwa siyang terminal lung cancer, si Billis nag'uyon idonar an saiyang hawak para sa proyekto na pinamayohan ni arkeologong [[Joann Fletcher]] asin kemiko Stephen Buckley.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-10-18 |title=Devon taxi driver Alan Billis's body in mummy test |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-devon-15342140 |access-date=2025-12-28 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> An saiyang bangkay napangyari an pagmummify na inusar an mga metodo basado sa mga pag'adal arkeolohikal kan praktis na siring kan ginigibo kaidtong [[Ika-18ng dinastiya nin Ehipto]] asin an namummified na hawak yaon ngonyan nasasaray sa [[Gordon Museum of Pathology]] sa [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=UK taxi driver becomes first mummy for 3,000 years |url=https://phys.org/news/2011-10-uk-taxi-driver-mummy-years.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112034604/https://phys.org/news/2011-10-uk-taxi-driver-mummy-years.html |archive-date=2020-11-12 |access-date=2025-12-28 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gordon Museum - London, United Kingdom |url=https://wahooart.com/sk/museums/gordon-museum-united-kingdom-london-en/ |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=wahooart.com}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Galvin |first=Elizabeth |chapter=Hacking the Collections |date=2022-07-05 |title=Digital Heritage and Archaeology in Practice |pages=39–60 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813069319.003.0003 |access-date=2025-12-28 |publisher=University Press of Florida |isbn=978-0-8130-6931-9 |last2=Wexler |first2=Jennifer}}</ref> ==Toltolan== [[Kategorya:Mga 1940 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 2011 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:Mga pagkagadan huli sa kanser sa baga]] [[Kategorya:Mga pagkagadan sa kanser sa baga sa United Kingdom]] [[Kategorya:Mga tawong haleng Torquay]] [[Kategorya:Mummy]] [[Kategorya:Eksperimental arkeolohiko]] 6bnzx8bz2qt2wks19sjt2jtep09z2l4 311812 311811 2026-10-25T09:22:42Z Ringer 55 311812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Alan Billis | image = | caption = | birth_name = | native_name = | birth_date = {{Circa|1949}} | birth_place = [[United Kingdom]] | death_date = Enero 2011 (edad 61) | death_place = | alma_mater = | occupation = Draybeer nin taksi | party = | otherparty = | notable_works = | partner = | spouse = Jan Billis (1975–2011) | signature = }} Si '''Alan Billis''' ({{Circa|1949}} – Enero 2011) sarong Briton na drayber sa taksi na sa saiyang bilog na pagtugot kan buhay pa siya alagad may helang kanser sa baga, na pagkagadan niya saiyang idinulot saiyang hawak na magin sentro kan ekspiremento sa pagdiskubre kun paano an pagmummify kan saiyang bankay siring sa antigong praktis kan mga gugurang na mga taga-Ehipto, asin kan 2011 an ekspirementong syantipiko ginibo ngani maarog nanggad an sa suanoy na teknik nin momipikasyon nin mga Egyptian.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Gunther |first=Matthew |title=Why I mummified a taxi driver |url=https://www.chemistryworld.com/careers/why-i-mummified-a-taxi-driver/2500178.article |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=Chemistry World |language=en}}</ref> Nadiagnose na igwa siyang terminal lung cancer, si Billis nag'uyon idonar an saiyang hawak para sa proyekto na pinamayohan ni arkeologong [[Joann Fletcher]] asin kemiko Stephen Buckley.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-10-18 |title=Devon taxi driver Alan Billis's body in mummy test |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-devon-15342140 |access-date=2025-12-28 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> An saiyang bangkay napangyari an pagmomipikar na inusar an mga metodo basado sa mga pag'adal arkeolohikal kan praktis na siring kan ginigibo kaidtong [[Ika-18ng dinastiya nin Ehipto]] asin an momipikadong hawak yaon ngonyan nasasaray sa [[Gordon Museum of Pathology]] sa [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=UK taxi driver becomes first mummy for 3,000 years |url=https://phys.org/news/2011-10-uk-taxi-driver-mummy-years.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112034604/https://phys.org/news/2011-10-uk-taxi-driver-mummy-years.html |archive-date=2020-11-12 |access-date=2025-12-28 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gordon Museum - London, United Kingdom |url=https://wahooart.com/sk/museums/gordon-museum-united-kingdom-london-en/ |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=wahooart.com}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Galvin |first=Elizabeth |chapter=Hacking the Collections |date=2022-07-05 |title=Digital Heritage and Archaeology in Practice |pages=39–60 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813069319.003.0003 |access-date=2025-12-28 |publisher=University Press of Florida |isbn=978-0-8130-6931-9 |last2=Wexler |first2=Jennifer}}</ref> ==Toltolan== [[Kategorya:Mga 1940 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 2011 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:Mga pagkagadan huli sa kanser sa baga]] [[Kategorya:Mga pagkagadan sa kanser sa baga sa United Kingdom]] [[Kategorya:Mga tawong haleng Torquay]] [[Kategorya:Mummy]] [[Kategorya:Eksperimental arkeolohiko]] mttk2r4asw7kyv7snk5ts0w7mzcm1zf 311813 311812 2026-10-25T09:23:22Z Ringer 55 311813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Alan Billis | image = | caption = | birth_name = | native_name = | birth_date = {{Circa|1949}} | birth_place = [[United Kingdom]] | death_date = Enero 2011 (edad 61) | death_place = | alma_mater = | occupation = Draybeer nin taksi | party = | otherparty = | notable_works = | partner = | spouse = Jan Billis (1975–2011) | signature = }} Si '''Alan Billis''' ({{Circa|1949}} – Enero 2011) sarong Briton na drayber sa taksi na sa saiyang bilog na pagtugot kan buhay pa siya alagad may helang kanser sa baga, na pagkagadan niya saiyang idinulot saiyang hawak na magin sentro kan ekspiremento sa pagdiskubre kun paano an pagmummify kan saiyang bankay siring sa antigong praktis kan mga gugurang na mga taga-Ehipto, asin kan 2011 an ekspirementong syantipiko ginibo ngani maarog nanggad an sa suanoy na teknik nin momipikasyon nin mga Egyptian.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Gunther |first=Matthew |title=Why I mummified a taxi driver |url=https://www.chemistryworld.com/careers/why-i-mummified-a-taxi-driver/2500178.article |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=Chemistry World |language=en}}</ref> Nadiagnose na igwa siyang terminal lung cancer, si Billis nag'uyon idonar an saiyang hawak para sa proyekto na pinamayohan ni arkeologong [[Joann Fletcher]] asin kemiko Stephen Buckley.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-10-18 |title=Devon taxi driver Alan Billis's body in mummy test |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-devon-15342140 |access-date=2025-12-28 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> An saiyang bangkay napangyari an pagmomipikar na inusar an mga metodo basado sa mga pag'adal arkeolohikal kan praktis na siring kan ginigibo kaidtong [[Ika-18ng dinastiya nin Ehipto]] asin an momipikadong hawak yaon ngonyan nasasaray sa [[Gordon Museum of Pathology]] sa [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=UK taxi driver becomes first mummy for 3,000 years |url=https://phys.org/news/2011-10-uk-taxi-driver-mummy-years.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112034604/https://phys.org/news/2011-10-uk-taxi-driver-mummy-years.html |archive-date=2020-11-12 |access-date=2025-12-28 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gordon Museum - London, United Kingdom |url=https://wahooart.com/sk/museums/gordon-museum-united-kingdom-london-en/ |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=wahooart.com}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Galvin |first=Elizabeth |chapter=Hacking the Collections |date=2022-07-05 |title=Digital Heritage and Archaeology in Practice |pages=39–60 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813069319.003.0003 |access-date=2025-12-28 |publisher=University Press of Florida |isbn=978-0-8130-6931-9 |last2=Wexler |first2=Jennifer}}</ref> ==Toltolan== [[Kategorya:Mga 1940 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 2011 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:Mga pagkagadan huli sa kanser sa baga]] [[Kategorya:Mga pagkagadan sa kanser sa baga sa United Kingdom]] [[Kategorya:Mga tawong haleng Torquay]] [[Kategorya:Mummy]] [[Kategorya:Eksperimental arkeolohiko]] [[en:Alan Billis]] 3802jwa7eehvslkihwti40ekjkujpn1 311814 311813 2026-10-25T09:40:38Z Ringer 55 311814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person | name = Alan Billis | image = | caption = | birth_name = | native_name = | birth_date = {{Circa|1949}} | birth_place = [[United Kingdom]] | death_date = Enero 2011 (edad 61) | death_place = | alma_mater = | occupation = Draybeer nin taksi | party = | otherparty = | notable_works = | partner = | spouse = Jan Billis (1975–2011) | signature = }} Si '''Alan Billis''' ({{Circa|1949}} – Enero 2011) sarong Briton na drayber sa taksi na sa saiyang bilog na pagtugot kan buhay pa siya alagad may helang kanser sa baga, na pagkagadan niya saiyang idinulot saiyang hawak na magin sentro kan ekspiremento sa pagdiskubre kun paano an pagmummify kan saiyang bankay siring sa antigong praktis kan mga gugurang na mga taga-Ehipto, asin kan 2011 an ekspirementong syantipiko ginibo ngani maarog nanggad an sa suanoy na teknik nin momipikasyon nin mga Egyptian.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Gunther |first=Matthew |title=Why I mummified a taxi driver |url=https://www.chemistryworld.com/careers/why-i-mummified-a-taxi-driver/2500178.article |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=Chemistry World |language=en}}</ref> Nadiagnose na igwa siyang terminal lung cancer, si Billis nag'uyon idonar an saiyang hawak para sa proyekto na pinamayohan ni arkeologong [[Joann Fletcher]] asin kemiko Stephen Buckley.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-10-18 |title=Devon taxi driver Alan Billis's body in mummy test |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-devon-15342140 |access-date=2025-12-28 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> An saiyang bangkay napangyari an pagmomipikar na inusar an mga metodo basado sa mga pag'adal arkeolohikal kan praktis na siring kan ginigibo kaidtong [[Ika-18ng dinastiya nin Ehipto]] asin an momipikadong hawak yaon ngonyan nasasaray sa [[Gordon Museum of Pathology]] sa [[London]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=UK taxi driver becomes first mummy for 3,000 years |url=https://phys.org/news/2011-10-uk-taxi-driver-mummy-years.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112034604/https://phys.org/news/2011-10-uk-taxi-driver-mummy-years.html |archive-date=2020-11-12 |access-date=2025-12-28 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gordon Museum - London, United Kingdom |url=https://wahooart.com/sk/museums/gordon-museum-united-kingdom-london-en/ |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=wahooart.com}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Galvin |first=Elizabeth |chapter=Hacking the Collections |date=2022-07-05 |title=Digital Heritage and Archaeology in Practice |pages=39–60 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813069319.003.0003 |access-date=2025-12-28 |publisher=University Press of Florida |isbn=978-0-8130-6931-9 |last2=Wexler |first2=Jennifer}}</ref> == Biograpiya == Si Billis sarong drayber nin taksi sa [[Torquay]] na nadiagnose kan 2009 igwang helang na kanser sa baga (lung cancer).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2011-10-18 |title=Taxi Driver Mummified Like Pharaohs |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna44945455 |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> Siya asin saiyang agom na si Jan Billis 36 nang taon na nagsasaro.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2012-10-31 |title=Briton mummified in macabre experiment |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/technology/science/briton-mummified-in-macabre-experiment/article4791859/ |access-date=2025-12-28 |work=The Globe and Mail |language=en-CA}}</ref> Pakabasa niya nin sarong artikulong pamareta na may naghahanap nin donor na nagdadara na nin terminal na helang, na an tuyo an hawak uusaron sa ekspiremento nin pagmomipikar na ini gigibohon sarong dokumentaryo sa [[Channel 4]], saiyang ibinolunter saiyang hawak para sa proyekto.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mummifying Alan |url=http://www.medialabuk.com/new-page-5 |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=Medialabuk |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=2010-01-11 |title=TV show seeks embalming volunteer |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8453000.stm |access-date=2025-12-28 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Susog sa saiyang agom, si Billis dai man interesado partikular sa Ehiptolohiya bago kan proyekto.<ref name=":1" /> Siya nagadan Enero 2011, edad 61.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tullo |first=Alexander H. |date=2025-01-21 |title=Mummy Preservation, When Frankenstein Came To Life |url=https://cen.acs.org/articles/89/i44/Mummy-Preservation-Frankenstein-Came-Life.html |access-date=2025-12-28 |website=Chemical & Engineering News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Revisiting the Amarna Royals: Part 2 {{!}} TESSA |url=https://www.egyptiansociety.co.za/revisiting-the-amarna-royals-part-2/ |access-date=2025-12-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> ==Toltolan== [[Kategorya:Mga 1940 na kamundagan]] [[Kategorya:Mga 2011 na kagadanan]] [[Kategorya:Mga pagkagadan huli sa kanser sa baga]] [[Kategorya:Mga pagkagadan sa kanser sa baga sa United Kingdom]] [[Kategorya:Mga tawong haleng Torquay]] [[Kategorya:Mummy]] [[Kategorya:Eksperimental arkeolohiko]] [[en:Alan Billis]] t6xy1jyd2032upzsfklua9jdp249k04 0 56943 311815 2026-10-25T10:30:27Z Ringer 55 Pinagmukna an pahina kaining "[[Image:Escudo de España (variant).svg|thumb|right|The [[coat of arms of Spain]], flanked by the [[Pillars of Hercules]] bearing the motto {{Lang|la|plus ultra}}]] [[Image:Plusoultre.jpg|thumb|right|Wooden panelling in [[Palace of Charles V|Charles V's palace]] in the [[Alhambra]]]] [[Image:PlusOultreBinche.jpg|thumb|right|Motto of the city of [[Binche]], Belgium]] An '''{{lang|la|Plus ultra}}''' ({{IPA|la|pluːs ˈʊltraː|lang}}; {{IPA|es|plus ˈultɾa|lan..." 311815 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Escudo de España (variant).svg|thumb|right|The [[coat of arms of Spain]], flanked by the [[Pillars of Hercules]] bearing the motto {{Lang|la|plus ultra}}]] [[Image:Plusoultre.jpg|thumb|right|Wooden panelling in [[Palace of Charles V|Charles V's palace]] in the [[Alhambra]]]] [[Image:PlusOultreBinche.jpg|thumb|right|Motto of the city of [[Binche]], Belgium]] An '''{{lang|la|Plus ultra}}''' ({{IPA|la|pluːs ˈʊltraː|lang}}; {{IPA|es|plus ˈultɾa|lang}}; {{lit|Further beyond}}) sarong [[Lista nin mga Latin na prase (full)|Latin phrase]] asin iyo an motto [[national motto]] kan [[Espanya]].<ref name="motto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.es/historia/abci-plus-ultra-lema-espana-imperial-y-conquistadores-sobrevivido-hasta-actualidad-201912050126_noticia.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F|last=Cervera|first=César|date=5 December 2019|title=«Plus Ultra», el lema de la España imperial y de los conquistadores que ha sobrevivido hasta la actualidad|language=es|access-date=29 December 2024}}</ref> An kabasliktaran kan praseng orihinal original {{lang|la|non plus ultra}} ('mayo nang gayo sa bandang ibong'), sinasabing patanid na ikinurit sa [[Pillars of Hercules]] sa [[Strait of Gibraltar]] (na iyo an tandang kurit kan nabibistong kinaban kan [[Klasikal na Anoy|suanoy na kapanahunan]]),<ref name="motto"></ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rosenthal|first=E.|title=Plus Ultra, Non plus Ultra, and the Columnar Device of Emperor Charles V|journal=Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes|volume=34|year=1971|page=206–7}}</ref> na ini igwang metaporikong pangangahulogan an pagsusugot sa peligro asin paghingowa sa hustong kahusayan. An orihinal na bersyon kaini, na personal na motto kan Holy Roman Emperor [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]], asin [[Duke of Burgundy]] saka [[Hade nin Espanya]], iyo ''Plus oultre'' sa Pranses. Ini maririraw aa mga poste kan [[Eskudo de Armas nin Espanya|Kastilang eskudo de armas]], sa pagtumoy kan pagkadukay kan [[Bagong Kinaban]].<ref name="plusrae">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rae.es/dpd/plus%20ultra|title=plus ultra|website=Real Academia Española|language=es|access-date=29 December 2024}}</ref> ==Toltolan== [[Kategorya:Ika-16 na siglong mga neolohismo]] [[Kategorya:Mga Latin motto]] [[Kategorya:Kultura nin Espanya]] [[Kategorya:Mga motto naysonal]] [[Kategorya:Mga Pilarete ni Hercules]] [[Kategorya:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]] [[Kategorya:Mar-a-Lago]]a 8bjltp64nm6a2t6yus7qrec16z4pvw3 311816 311815 2026-10-25T10:34:14Z Ringer 55 311816 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Escudo de España (variant).svg|thumb|right|The [[coat of arms of Spain]], flanked by the [[Pillars of Hercules]] bearing the motto {{Lang|la|plus ultra}}]] [[Image:Plusoultre.jpg|thumb|right|Wooden panelling in [[Palace of Charles V|Charles V's palace]] in the [[Alhambra]]]] [[Image:PlusOultreBinche.jpg|thumb|right|Motto of the city of [[Binche]], Belgium]] An '''{{lang|la|Plus ultra}}''' ({{IPA|la|pluːs ˈʊltraː|lang}}; {{IPA|es|plus ˈultɾa|lang}}; {{lit|Further beyond}}) sarong [[Lista nin mga Latin na prase (full)|Latin phrase]] asin iyo an motto [[national motto]] kan [[Espanya]].<ref name="motto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.es/historia/abci-plus-ultra-lema-espana-imperial-y-conquistadores-sobrevivido-hasta-actualidad-201912050126_noticia.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F|last=Cervera|first=César|date=5 December 2019|title=«Plus Ultra», el lema de la España imperial y de los conquistadores que ha sobrevivido hasta la actualidad|language=es|access-date=29 December 2024}}</ref> An kabasliktaran kan praseng orihinal original {{lang|la|non plus ultra}} ('mayo nang gayo sa bandang ibong'), sinasabing patanid na ikinurit sa [[Mga Pilar ni Hercules]] sa [[Strait of Gibraltar]] (na iyo an tandang kurit kan nabibistong kinaban kan [[Klasikal na Anoy|suanoy na kapanahunan]]),<ref name="motto"></ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rosenthal|first=E.|title=Plus Ultra, Non plus Ultra, and the Columnar Device of Emperor Charles V|journal=Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes|volume=34|year=1971|page=206–7}}</ref> na ini igwang metaporikong pangangahulogan an pagsusugot sa peligro asin paghingowa sa hustong kahusayan. An orihinal na bersyon kaini, na personal na motto kan Holy Roman Emperor [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]], asin [[Duke of Burgundy]] saka [[Hade nin Espanya]], iyo ''Plus oultre'' sa Pranses. Ini maririraw aa mga poste kan [[Eskudo de Armas nin Espanya|Kastilang eskudo de armas]], sa pagtumoy kan pagkadukay kan [[Bagong Kinaban]].<ref name="plusrae">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rae.es/dpd/plus%20ultra|title=plus ultra|website=Real Academia Española|language=es|access-date=29 December 2024}}</ref> ==Toltolan== [[Kategorya:Ika-16 na siglong mga neolohismo]] [[Kategorya:Mga Latin motto]] [[Kategorya:Kultura nin Espanya]] [[Kategorya:Mga motto naysonal]] [[Kategorya:Mga Pilarete ni Hercules]] [[Kategorya:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]] [[Kategorya:Mar-a-Lago]]a [[en:Plus ultra]] 56ck9d860ut3xzx5te1hniby15lwy4y 311817 311816 2026-10-25T11:36:00Z Ringer 55 311817 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Image:Escudo de España (variant).svg|thumb|right|The [[coat of arms of Spain]], flanked by the [[Pillars of Hercules]] bearing the motto {{Lang|la|plus ultra}}]] [[Image:Plusoultre.jpg|thumb|right|Wooden panelling in [[Palace of Charles V|Charles V's palace]] in the [[Alhambra]]]] [[Image:PlusOultreBinche.jpg|thumb|right|Motto of the city of [[Binche]], Belgium]] An '''{{lang|la|Plus ultra}}''' ({{IPA|la|pluːs ˈʊltraː|lang}}; {{IPA|es|plus ˈultɾa|lang}}; {{lit|Further beyond}}) sarong [[Lista nin mga Latin na prase (full)|Latin phrase]] asin iyo an motto [[national motto]] kan [[Espanya]].<ref name="motto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.es/historia/abci-plus-ultra-lema-espana-imperial-y-conquistadores-sobrevivido-hasta-actualidad-201912050126_noticia.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F|last=Cervera|first=César|date=5 December 2019|title=«Plus Ultra», el lema de la España imperial y de los conquistadores que ha sobrevivido hasta la actualidad|language=es|access-date=29 December 2024}}</ref> An kabasliktaran kan praseng orihinal original {{lang|la|non plus ultra}} ('mayo nang gayo sa bandang ibong'), sinasabing patanid na ikinurit sa [[Mga Pilar ni Hercules]] sa [[Strait of Gibraltar]] (na iyo an tandang kurit kan nabibistong kinaban kan [[Klasikal na Anoy|suanoy na kapanahunan]]),<ref name="motto"></ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rosenthal|first=E.|title=Plus Ultra, Non plus Ultra, and the Columnar Device of Emperor Charles V|journal=Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes|volume=34|year=1971|page=206–7}}</ref> na ini igwang metaporikong pangangahulogan an pagsusugot sa peligro asin paghingowa sa hustong kahusayan. An orihinal na bersyon kaini, na personal na motto kan Holy Roman Emperor [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]], asin [[Duke of Burgundy]] saka [[Hade nin Espanya]], iyo ''Plus oultre'' sa Pranses. Ini maririraw sa mga poste kan [[Eskudo de Armas nin Espanya|Kastilang eskudo de armas]], sa pagtumoy kan pagkadukay kan [[Bagong Kinaban]].<ref name="plusrae">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rae.es/dpd/plus%20ultra|title=plus ultra|website=Real Academia Española|language=es|access-date=29 December 2024}}</ref> ==Toltolan== [[Kategorya:Ika-16 na siglong mga neolohismo]] [[Kategorya:Mga Latin motto]] [[Kategorya:Kultura nin Espanya]] [[Kategorya:Mga motto naysonal]] [[Kategorya:Mga Pilar ni Hercules]] [[Kategorya:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]] [[Kategorya:Mar-a-Lago]]a [[en:Plus ultra]] 2w5scdrcr2hcwpq74bpqk8rcw655a5p