Wikiversity:Custodians

<mediawiki xmlns="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/ http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11.xsd" version="0.11" xml:lang="en">
  <siteinfo>
    <sitename>Wikiversity</sitename>
    <dbname>betawikiversity</dbname>
    <base>https://beta.wikiversity.org/wiki/Main_Page</base>
    <generator>MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.10</generator>
    <case>first-letter</case>
    <namespaces>
      <namespace key="-2" case="first-letter">Media</namespace>
      <namespace key="-1" case="first-letter">Special</namespace>
      <namespace key="0" case="first-letter" />
      <namespace key="1" case="first-letter">Talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="2" case="first-letter">User</namespace>
      <namespace key="3" case="first-letter">User talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="4" case="first-letter">Wikiversity</namespace>
      <namespace key="5" case="first-letter">Wikiversity talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="6" case="first-letter">File</namespace>
      <namespace key="7" case="first-letter">File talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="8" case="first-letter">MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="9" case="first-letter">MediaWiki talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="10" case="first-letter">Template</namespace>
      <namespace key="11" case="first-letter">Template talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="12" case="first-letter">Help</namespace>
      <namespace key="13" case="first-letter">Help talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="14" case="first-letter">Category</namespace>
      <namespace key="15" case="first-letter">Category talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="710" case="first-letter">TimedText</namespace>
      <namespace key="711" case="first-letter">TimedText talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="828" case="first-letter">Module</namespace>
      <namespace key="829" case="first-letter">Module talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="1198" case="first-letter">Translations</namespace>
      <namespace key="1199" case="first-letter">Translations talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="1728" case="first-letter">Event</namespace>
      <namespace key="1729" case="first-letter">Event talk</namespace>
    </namespaces>
  </siteinfo>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>1949</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385229</id>
      <parentid>383688</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:49:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ</username>
        <id>51302</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>update</comment>
      <origin>385229</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4896" sha1="sq8ppcloqvlbr46nmmqmpo3a7afuh45" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;translate&gt;
&lt;!--T:1--&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.

&lt;!--T:2--&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[&lt;tvar name=&quot;1&quot;&gt;Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship&lt;/tvar&gt;]].

&lt;!--T:3--&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[&lt;tvar name=&quot;1&quot;&gt;Wikiversity:Request custodian action&lt;/tvar&gt;|request custodian action]].

&lt;!--T:4--&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.

&lt;!--T:5--&gt;
[[&lt;tvar name=crat&gt;Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats&lt;/tvar&gt;|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[&lt;tvar name=1&gt;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights&lt;/tvar&gt;|user rights]] and [[&lt;tvar name=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Special:Makebot&lt;/tvar&gt;|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.

== Custodians == &lt;!--T:6--&gt;

&lt;/translate&gt;
{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:14--&gt; User&lt;/translate&gt;
!&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:15--&gt; Flag&lt;/translate&gt;
!&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:16--&gt; Time Zone&lt;/translate&gt;
!&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:17--&gt; Babel&lt;/translate&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:24--&gt; Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/translate&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:30--&gt; Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/translate&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]

&lt;translate&gt;
== List of former custodians == &lt;!--T:36--&gt;
&lt;/translate&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:21--&gt; Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/translate&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}

&lt;translate&gt;

==Pages that need custodial attention== &lt;!--T:7--&gt;

&lt;!--T:8--&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]

==See also== &lt;!--T:9--&gt;

&lt;!--T:10--&gt;
*[[&lt;tvar name=1&gt;Special:listusers/sysop&lt;/tvar&gt;|Autogenerated list]]

&lt;!--T:11--&gt;
*[&lt;tvar name=url&gt;https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter&lt;/tvar&gt; custodian activity]

&lt;!--T:12--&gt;
*[[&lt;tvar name=crat&gt;Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats&lt;/tvar&gt;|Bureaucrats]]

&lt;!--T:34--&gt;
*[[&lt;tvar name=twc&gt;Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians&lt;/tvar&gt;|Test wiki custodians]]

&lt;!--T:35--&gt;
*[[&lt;tvar name=ta&gt;Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators&lt;/tvar&gt;|Translation administrators]]

&lt;/translate&gt;

[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>sq8ppcloqvlbr46nmmqmpo3a7afuh45</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>385230</id>
      <parentid>385229</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:51:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ</username>
        <id>51302</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>update</comment>
      <origin>385230</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5004" sha1="fn7vjckr0s5akvnl89trobdh1mfnjgd" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;translate&gt;
&lt;!--T:1--&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.

&lt;!--T:2--&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[&lt;tvar name=&quot;1&quot;&gt;Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship&lt;/tvar&gt;]].

&lt;!--T:3--&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[&lt;tvar name=&quot;1&quot;&gt;Wikiversity:Request custodian action&lt;/tvar&gt;|request custodian action]].

&lt;!--T:4--&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.

&lt;!--T:5--&gt;
[[&lt;tvar name=crat&gt;Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats&lt;/tvar&gt;|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[&lt;tvar name=1&gt;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights&lt;/tvar&gt;|user rights]] and [[&lt;tvar name=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Special:Makebot&lt;/tvar&gt;|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.

== Custodians == &lt;!--T:6--&gt;

&lt;/translate&gt;
{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:14--&gt; User&lt;/translate&gt;
!&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:15--&gt; Flag&lt;/translate&gt;
!&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:16--&gt; Time Zone&lt;/translate&gt;
!&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:17--&gt; Babel&lt;/translate&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:24--&gt; Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/translate&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:30--&gt; Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/translate&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]

&lt;translate&gt;

== List of former custodians == &lt;!--T:36--&gt;
&lt;/translate&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;translate&gt;&lt;!--T:21--&gt; Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/translate&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}

&lt;translate&gt;

==Pages that need custodial attention== &lt;!--T:7--&gt;

&lt;!--T:8--&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]

==See also== &lt;!--T:9--&gt;

&lt;!--T:10--&gt;
*[[&lt;tvar name=1&gt;Special:listusers/sysop&lt;/tvar&gt;|Autogenerated list]]

&lt;!--T:11--&gt;
*[&lt;tvar name=url&gt;https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter&lt;/tvar&gt; custodian activity]

&lt;!--T:12--&gt;
*[[&lt;tvar name=crat&gt;Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats&lt;/tvar&gt;|Bureaucrats]]

&lt;!--T:34--&gt;
*[[&lt;tvar name=twc&gt;Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians&lt;/tvar&gt;|Test wiki custodians]]

&lt;!--T:35--&gt;
*[[&lt;tvar name=ta&gt;Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators&lt;/tvar&gt;|Translation administrators]]

&lt;/translate&gt;

[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>fn7vjckr0s5akvnl89trobdh1mfnjgd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/ru</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>10635</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385245</id>
      <parentid>383703</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385245</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6141" sha1="bfpc7jfxapi6li2qyhafd3vxm0asp5h" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
'''Хранители''' Викиверситета (известные так же как администраторы или sysops), являются пользователями Викиверситета, у которых есть доступ к техническим возможностям, которые помогают с обслуживанием Викиверситета.

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
Эти возможности включают защиту и удаление страниц, блокирование других редакторов, и обратные к ним действия. Участники Викиверситета могут просить инструменты хранителя в [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].
&lt;/div&gt;

Любой пользователь может вести себя подобно администратору (или модератору), даже если им не дали дополнительные административные функции. Однако, если Вам нужно кое-что, что действительно требует, чтобы хранитель использовал технические инструменты, Вы можете  [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|просить действие хранителя]].

Участники Бета Викиверситета, могут попросить (временные) инструменты хранителя для того, чтобы поддержать содержание на определенном языке. Если они перед этим сделали хорошую работу, мы часто доверяли им также общее развитие. Они могут также спросить у сообщества permenant cusotdianship.

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Бюрократы]]  формируют другую группу участников Викиверситета, у которых есть доступ к инструментам, которые устанавливают (но не снимают) пользовательские права, переименовывают пользователей и дают флаги ботам.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;Custodians&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Хранители ==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;User&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Time Zone&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Babel&lt;/span&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;span id=&quot;Pages_that_need_custodial_attention&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Страницы, которые нуждаются в административном внимании ==

*[[wikiversity:request custodian action/Ru]]
*[[wikiversity:requests for import]]
*[[:category:candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[special:newpages]]
*[[special:shortpages]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Списки ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:listusers/sysop|автоматически сгенерированный список]]
&lt;/div&gt;

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Bureaucrats]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>bfpc7jfxapi6li2qyhafd3vxm0asp5h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/sv</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>11342</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385246</id>
      <parentid>383704</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385246</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5718" sha1="8c91n9svci130zerlih4yku58s3pt4g" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
Wikiversitetets '''custodians''' (även kallade administratörer eller sysops), är Wkiversitetsanvändare som har tillgång till speciella verktyg för att hjälpa till med Wikiversitetets underhåll.

Dessa verktyg innefattar att kunna skydda och radera sidor, blockera användare samt att återställa andra användare och administratörers handlingar. Deltagare vid Wikiversitetet som visat gott föredömme kan ansöka om dessa verktyg på [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].

Alla användare kan agera utifrån de riklinjer som gäller för administratörer, även om de inte har tillgång till de extra verktygen. Om du dock upptäcker något som kräver dessa verktyg kan du[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|begära hjälp]].

Användare på Wikiversitetet Beta har tidigare ansökt om tillfälliga rättighter för att underhålla specifika språk-avdelningar. Om de har visat att de gör ett bra arbete har de oftast fått förtroende att hjälpa till med de allmänna delarna och fått möjlighet att ansöka om permanenta rättigheter.

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Byråkrater]] utgör en annan grupp av användare med specialrättigheter. De har verktyg för att sätta (men inte ta bort) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|användarrättigheter]], [[Special:renameuser|döpa om användare]] och [[Special:Makebot|ge bot-status]]. Det finns ännu inga formella bestämmelser för relationerna mellan Byråkrater och Administratörer (Custodians).
Administratörer, Custodians och Byråkrater är användare som har lite fler befogenheter än andra användare. De
har bland annat möjlighet att radera och skrivskydda sidor, redigera eller ta bort skydd från skyddade sidor och blockera IP-addresser från att redigera sidor. Vid Wikiversity kan både termen Custodian och Administratör förekomma men både hänvisar till [[Wikiversity:Custodians/Sv|Custodian]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;Custodians&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Administratörer==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;User&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Time Zone&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Babel&lt;/span&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;span id=&quot;Pages_that_need_custodial_attention&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==Begäran om adminstratörskap==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==Se även==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Autogenerated list]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
* [[Wikiversity:Bureaucrats]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>8c91n9svci130zerlih4yku58s3pt4g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/ko</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>23376</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385241</id>
      <parentid>383699</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385241</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5775" sha1="ilhdthvtpkqx8n3p92zquwk8cuwaidy" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
위키배움터 베타의 관리인(Custodians)은 관리자(Administrator)나 시삽(Sysop)으로 알려진 위키배움터 베타의 구성원입니다. 이들 관리인은 위키배움터 베타의 유지 등의 관리를 돕기 위한 몇 가지 기술적인 기능을 갖고 있습니다.

이러한 기능들에는 문서를 보호하거나 삭제하고, 악성 편집자를 차단하는 기능이 포함되며 그 반대로 문서의 보호 해제, 복구, 차단 해제가 가능합니다. 위키배움터 베타의 참여자 중 선의를 가진 누구나 [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship|관리인 권한 요청]]에서 관리인 기능을 요청할 수 있습니다.

관리인 권한이 없더라도 누구나 관리인이 통상적으로 하는 유지 보수를 도울 수 있으며, 중재자가 될 수 있습니다. 그러나 만약 관리인 도구가 필요한 경우라면, [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|관리인 요청]]에서 요청하실 수 있습니다.

위키배움터 베타의 참여자들은 과거에 임시 관리인 권한을 특정 언어의 내용을 유지 및 보수하기 위해 요청할 수 있습니다. 만약 이들이 위키배움터 베타의 유지 및 보수에 기여한다면, 위키배움터 베타 공동체는 이들을 임시 관리인이 아닌 정식 관리인으로 신임할 수 있습니다. 이들은 공동체에 정식 관리인으로의 승인을 공동체에 요청해야 할 수 있습니다.

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;User&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Time Zone&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Babel&lt;/span&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==See also==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Autogenerated list]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>ilhdthvtpkqx8n3p92zquwk8cuwaidy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/en</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>35794</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385234</id>
      <parentid>383692</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385234</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4296" sha1="rvdb3xvvcl65beit2ej7lsjb14iysdq" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.

Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].

Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].

Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.

[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.

== Custodians ==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!User
!Flag
!Time Zone
!Babel
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|Japan (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|Korea (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


== List of former custodians ==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|Taiwan (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


==Pages that need custodial attention==

*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]

==See also==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Autogenerated list]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]]

*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>rvdb3xvvcl65beit2ej7lsjb14iysdq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/zh</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>36332</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385249</id>
      <parentid>383707</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385249</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4804" sha1="lodrzl9hjotnf57yxg8mdiy8uvdne98" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
维基学院'''管理員'''（也称为系統操作員或站長），是维基学院的用户可以访问有助于维护维基学院的技术功能。这些功能包括保护、删除页面、修改滥用过滤器以及撤消这些操作。

具有良好信誉的维基學院参与者可以在[[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]]申请管理工具。

任何用户都可以以适合管理员（或主持人）的方式行事，即使他们没有被赋予额外的管理功能。但是，如果您发现需要托管人处理的事情，您可以[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|请求托管行动]]。

测试版维基学院参与者过去曾要求（临时）托管工具维护特定语言的内容。如果他们表现出了很好的工作，我们也经常相信他们也在进行普遍的维护。他们也可能要求社区永久保管。

[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|行政员]]组成另一个[[:en:set|set]]的维基学院参与者，他们可以访问设置（但不重置）[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|用户权限工具]]和[[Special:Makebot|给机器人标志]]。这组维基学院行政员与维基学院管理员之间还没有任何正式关系。

&lt;span id=&quot;Custodians&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==管理員==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;User&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Time Zone&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Babel&lt;/span&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;span id=&quot;Pages_that_need_custodial_attention&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==需要监管的页面==

*[[wikiversity:request custodian action]]
*[[wikiversity:requests for import]]
*[[:category:candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[special:newpages]]
*[[special:shortpages]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==参见==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|自动产生清单]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter 管理員活跃度]

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|维基学院:行政员]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>lodrzl9hjotnf57yxg8mdiy8uvdne98</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/id</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>36683</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385239</id>
      <parentid>383697</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385239</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5138" sha1="nizu5g8jkw6vb80z6g3uvu88916375w" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
'''Pengurus''' Wikiversity (juga dikenal sebagai admin atau opsis), merupakan pengguna Wikiversity yang memiliki akses ke fitur teknis yang membantu dalam pemeliharaan Wikiversity. Fitur-fitur itu termasuk melindungi dan menghapus halaman, memblokir editor lain, dan membalikkan tindakan.

Pengguna Wikiversity yang bereputasi baik dapat meminta peralatan pengurus di [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship|Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].

Setiap pengguna dapat berperilaku dengan cara yang sesuai dengan pengurus (atau moderator), walaupun mereka belum diberi fungsi administratif tambahan. Namun, jika Anda melihat sesuatu yang memerlukan tindakan kepengurusan untuk menanganinya, Anda dapat [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|meminta tindakan pengurus]].

Pengguna Wikiversity Beta sebelumnya meminta alat kepengurusan (&quot;sementara&quot;) untuk memelihara konten dalam bahasa tertentu. Jika mereka terbukti melakukan pekerjaan dengan baik, kita sering mempercayai mereka dalam pemeliharaan umum juga. Mereka mungkin juga meminta komunitas untuk mendapatkan status kepengurusan permanen.

[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Birokrat]] membentuk [[:en:set|sejumlah]] peserta Wikiversity lainnya, yang memiliki akses ke alat yang mengatur (bukan mengatur ulang) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|hak pengguna]] dan [[Special:Makebot|memberikan status bot]]. Belum ada hubungan formal antara birokrat Wikiversity dan pengurus Wikiversity.

&lt;span id=&quot;Custodians&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Pengurus ==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;User&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Time Zone&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Babel&lt;/span&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;span id=&quot;Pages_that_need_custodial_attention&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Halaman yang memerlukan tindakan pengurus ==

*[[wikiversity:request custodian action]]
*[[wikiversity:requests for import]]
*[[:category:candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[special:newpages]]
*[[special:shortpages]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==Lihat pula==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Daftar yang dihasilkan secara otomatis]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>nizu5g8jkw6vb80z6g3uvu88916375w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/fa</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>39477</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385236</id>
      <parentid>383694</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385236</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5673" sha1="lgyvtw9fzwd4riwgq7q3guwhqyju37c" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
'''نگهبانان''' ویکی‌دانشگاه (که به‌عنوان مدیران یا سیستم‌عامل‌ها نیز شناخته می‌شوند) کاربران ویکی‌دانشگاه هستند که به ویژگی‌های فنی دسترسی دارند که به نگهداری ویکی‌دانشگاه کمک می‌کند. این ویژگی‌ها شامل حفاظت و حذف صفحات، مسدود کردن سایر ویرایشگران و همچنین لغو این اقدامات می‌باشد.

شرکت‌کنندگان در ویکی‌دانشگاه که در وضعیت خوبی هستند می‌توانند برای ابزارهای نگهبانی در [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]] درخواست دهند.

هر کاربری می‌تواند به‌گونه‌ای رفتار کند که شایسته یک مدیر (یا ناظر) باشد، حتی اگر وظایف اضافی مدیریتی به او داده نشده باشد. با این حال، اگر چیزی را مشاهده کردید که نیاز به اقدام یک نگهبان دارد، می‌توانید [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|درخواست اقدام نگهبانی]] کنید.

شرکت‌کنندگان ویکی‌دانشگاه بتا در گذشته درخواست ابزارهای نگهداری (&quot;موقت&quot;) برای حفظ محتوا به زبان خاصی را داشته‌اند. اگر آنها نشان داده‌اند که کار خوبی انجام می‌دهند، ما اغلب به آنها در نگهداری کلی نیز اعتماد کرده‌ایم. آنها همچنین ممکن است از جامعه درخواست سرپرستی دائمی کنند.

[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|دیوان‌سالاران]] تشکیل دیگری از شرکت کنندگان ویکی‌دانشگاه را تشکیل می‌دهند که به ابزارهایی دسترسی دارند که [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|حقوق کاربر]] را تنظیم می‌کنند (اما نه بازنشانی) و [[Special:Makebot|پرچم ربات را می‌دهند]]. هنوز هیچ رابطه رسمی بین مجموعه دیوان‌سالاران ویکی‌دانشگاه و مجموعه سرپرستان ویکی‌دانشگاه وجود ندارد.

&lt;span id=&quot;Custodians&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== نگهبانان ==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!کاربر
!پرچم
!منطقۀ زمانی
!بابل
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|ژاپن (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|کره (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|تایوان (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;span id=&quot;Pages_that_need_custodial_attention&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==صفحاتی که نیاز به توجه دارند==

*[[ویکی‌دانشگاه:درخواست اقدام سرپرست]]
*[[ویکی‌دانشگاه:درخواست‌های وارد کردن]]
*[[:رده:نامزدهای حذف سریع]]
*[[ویژه:صفحه‌های تازه]]
*[[ویژه:صفحه‌های کوتاه]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==همچنین ببینید==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|فهرست تولید شده خودکار]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter فعالیت نگهبان]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|دیوان‌سالاران]]

*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|نگهبانان ویکی را تست کنید]]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|مدیران ترجمه]]


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>lgyvtw9fzwd4riwgq7q3guwhqyju37c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/hu</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>41156</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385238</id>
      <parentid>383696</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385238</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4903" sha1="sbky30zm5hwapp6smkjcmznn8n4g3rj" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
A Wikiegyetem '''gondnokai''' (adminisztrátorai, illetve sysopjai) a projekt karbantartását segítő eszközökkel (lapok védelme és törlése, blokkolás, valamint ezek visszavonása) rendelkező felhasználók.

A jó hírnek örvendő szerkesztők [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship|itt]] kérhetik a jogot.

Minden felhasználó segíthet a karbantartásban (vagy moderálásban) plusz jogok nélkül is; azonban szükség esetén felkeresheted a [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|gondnokokat]].

A Béta Wikiegyetem egyes közreműködői korábban kérték a jogosultság ideiglenes beállítását egy bizonyos nyelvi változat karbantartásához, amelyet kellő tapasztalat mellett meg is kaptak. A közösség támogatásával ezen szerkesztők állandó gondnoki jogokat kérhetnek.

A bürokraták a résztvevők egy más csoportja, akik képesek a [[Special:Makebot|szerkesztői jogosultságok]] megadására (azonban ezeket nem tudják elvenni) és [[Special:Makebot|botjogok]] beállítására. Jelenleg nincs kapcsolat a bürokraták és gondnokok között.

&lt;span id=&quot;Custodians&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Gondnokok ==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;User&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Time Zone&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Babel&lt;/span&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;span id=&quot;Pages_that_need_custodial_attention&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Gondnokok figyelmét igénylő lapok ==

* [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|Wikiegyetem:Kérés a gondokoktól]]
* [[Wikiversity:Requests for import|Wikiegyetem:Importálás kérése]]
* [[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion|:Kategória:Azonnal törlendő lapok]]
* [[Special:NewPages|Speciális:Új lapok]]
* [[Special:ShortPages|Speciális:Rövid lapok]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Lásd még ==

* [[Special:listusers/sysop|Automatikus lista]]

* [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter imit=A gondnokok statisztikái]

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
* [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Wikiegyetem:Bürokraták]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>sbky30zm5hwapp6smkjcmznn8n4g3rj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/es</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>41316</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385235</id>
      <parentid>383693</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385235</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5485" sha1="b2vuw4qtw84w6nor86b0p4z7741lg07" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;User&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Time Zone&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Babel&lt;/span&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==Véase también==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Autogenerated list]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Wikiversidad:Burócratas]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>b2vuw4qtw84w6nor86b0p4z7741lg07</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/fr</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>41697</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385237</id>
      <parentid>383695</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385237</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5088" sha1="7p0pc6cqvxxfq21o2omdsu7i2oozf0j" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
Les '''administrateurs''' de Wikiversité (également connus sous le nom de sysops ou custodians) sont des utilisateurs de Wikiversité qui ont accès à des outils techniques pour aider à la maintenance de Wikiversité. Ces outils permettent de protéger et supprimer des pages, bloquer des contributeurs et annuler ces actions.

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!Utilisateur
!Drapeau
!Fuseau horaire
!Babel
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|Japan (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|Korea (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|Taiwan (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

*[[wikiversity:request custodian action|Wikiversité:Requête d'action d'administrateur]]
*[[wikiversity:requests for import|Wikiversité:Requête d'importation]]
*[[:category:candidates for speedy deletion|Catégorie:Appel à une suppression rapide]]
*[[special:newpages|Spécial:NouvellesPages]]
*[[special:shortpages|Spécial:PagesCourtes]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Voir aussi ==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Liste automatique]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter Activité des administrateurs]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Wikiversité:Bureaucrates]]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>7p0pc6cqvxxfq21o2omdsu7i2oozf0j</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>385252</id>
      <parentid>385237</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T10:27:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Crochet.david</username>
        <id>436</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Les participants de Wikiversity en règle peuvent faire une demande pour les outils de gestion à l'adresse suivante : [[$1]].&quot;</comment>
      <origin>385252</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5072" sha1="8vk6rwbhsnrb6yimvivgcpmxsg4zqw7" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
Les '''administrateurs''' de Wikiversité (également connus sous le nom de sysops ou custodians) sont des utilisateurs de Wikiversité qui ont accès à des outils techniques pour aider à la maintenance de Wikiversité. Ces outils permettent de protéger et supprimer des pages, bloquer des contributeurs et annuler ces actions.

Les participants de Wikiversity en règle peuvent faire une demande pour les outils de gestion à l'adresse suivante : [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!Utilisateur
!Drapeau
!Fuseau horaire
!Babel
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|Japan (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|Korea (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|Taiwan (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

*[[wikiversity:request custodian action|Wikiversité:Requête d'action d'administrateur]]
*[[wikiversity:requests for import|Wikiversité:Requête d'importation]]
*[[:category:candidates for speedy deletion|Catégorie:Appel à une suppression rapide]]
*[[special:newpages|Spécial:NouvellesPages]]
*[[special:shortpages|Spécial:PagesCourtes]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Voir aussi ==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Liste automatique]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter Activité des administrateurs]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Wikiversité:Bureaucrates]]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>8vk6rwbhsnrb6yimvivgcpmxsg4zqw7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>385254</id>
      <parentid>385252</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T10:27:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Crochet.david</username>
        <id>436</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Tout utilisateur peut se comporter comme un administrateur (ou un modérateur), même sans disposer des fonctions administratives supplémentaires. Toutefois, si vous constatez un problème nécessitant l'intervention d'un responsable, vous pouvez [[$1|demander une intervention du responsable]].&quot;</comment>
      <origin>385254</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5056" sha1="tpzvlzuqtnm9u93x2vsey0jreksfr5x" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
Les '''administrateurs''' de Wikiversité (également connus sous le nom de sysops ou custodians) sont des utilisateurs de Wikiversité qui ont accès à des outils techniques pour aider à la maintenance de Wikiversité. Ces outils permettent de protéger et supprimer des pages, bloquer des contributeurs et annuler ces actions.

Les participants de Wikiversity en règle peuvent faire une demande pour les outils de gestion à l'adresse suivante : [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].

Tout utilisateur peut se comporter comme un administrateur (ou un modérateur), même sans disposer des fonctions administratives supplémentaires. Toutefois, si vous constatez un problème nécessitant l'intervention d'un responsable, vous pouvez [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|demander une intervention du responsable]].

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!Utilisateur
!Drapeau
!Fuseau horaire
!Babel
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|Japan (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|Korea (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|Taiwan (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

*[[wikiversity:request custodian action|Wikiversité:Requête d'action d'administrateur]]
*[[wikiversity:requests for import|Wikiversité:Requête d'importation]]
*[[:category:candidates for speedy deletion|Catégorie:Appel à une suppression rapide]]
*[[special:newpages|Spécial:NouvellesPages]]
*[[special:shortpages|Spécial:PagesCourtes]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Voir aussi ==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Liste automatique]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter Activité des administrateurs]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Wikiversité:Bureaucrates]]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>tpzvlzuqtnm9u93x2vsey0jreksfr5x</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>385256</id>
      <parentid>385254</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T10:28:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Crochet.david</username>
        <id>436</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Par le passé, des participants à la bêta de Wikiversity ont demandé des outils de gestion (« temporaires ») pour maintenir les contenus dans une langue spécifique. S'ils ont fait preuve de qualité, nous leur avons souvent confié la maintenance générale. Ils peuvent également demander à la communauté une gestion permanente.&quot;</comment>
      <origin>385256</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5042" sha1="ov6m68xvrajz2yvyec6pyjke5wd4ejq" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
Les '''administrateurs''' de Wikiversité (également connus sous le nom de sysops ou custodians) sont des utilisateurs de Wikiversité qui ont accès à des outils techniques pour aider à la maintenance de Wikiversité. Ces outils permettent de protéger et supprimer des pages, bloquer des contributeurs et annuler ces actions.

Les participants de Wikiversity en règle peuvent faire une demande pour les outils de gestion à l'adresse suivante : [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].

Tout utilisateur peut se comporter comme un administrateur (ou un modérateur), même sans disposer des fonctions administratives supplémentaires. Toutefois, si vous constatez un problème nécessitant l'intervention d'un responsable, vous pouvez [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|demander une intervention du responsable]].

Par le passé, des participants à la bêta de Wikiversity ont demandé des outils de gestion (« temporaires ») pour maintenir les contenus dans une langue spécifique. S'ils ont fait preuve de qualité, nous leur avons souvent confié la maintenance générale. Ils peuvent également demander à la communauté une gestion permanente.

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!Utilisateur
!Drapeau
!Fuseau horaire
!Babel
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|Japan (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|Korea (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|Taiwan (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

*[[wikiversity:request custodian action|Wikiversité:Requête d'action d'administrateur]]
*[[wikiversity:requests for import|Wikiversité:Requête d'importation]]
*[[:category:candidates for speedy deletion|Catégorie:Appel à une suppression rapide]]
*[[special:newpages|Spécial:NouvellesPages]]
*[[special:shortpages|Spécial:PagesCourtes]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Voir aussi ==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Liste automatique]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter Activité des administrateurs]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Wikiversité:Bureaucrates]]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>ov6m68xvrajz2yvyec6pyjke5wd4ejq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>385258</id>
      <parentid>385256</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T10:29:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Crochet.david</username>
        <id>436</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Les [[$crat|bureaucrates]] constituent un autre groupe de participants à Wikiversity, ayant accès aux outils permettant de définir (mais non de réinitialiser) les [[$1|droits des utilisateurs]] et d'attribuer des [[$2|drapeaux aux bots]]. Il n'existe pas encore de relation formelle entre les bureaucrates et les administrateurs de Wikiversity.&quot;</comment>
      <origin>385258</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5043" sha1="jog60yi3t3cst3s8lpe1shyfgv03wy8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
Les '''administrateurs''' de Wikiversité (également connus sous le nom de sysops ou custodians) sont des utilisateurs de Wikiversité qui ont accès à des outils techniques pour aider à la maintenance de Wikiversité. Ces outils permettent de protéger et supprimer des pages, bloquer des contributeurs et annuler ces actions.

Les participants de Wikiversity en règle peuvent faire une demande pour les outils de gestion à l'adresse suivante : [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].

Tout utilisateur peut se comporter comme un administrateur (ou un modérateur), même sans disposer des fonctions administratives supplémentaires. Toutefois, si vous constatez un problème nécessitant l'intervention d'un responsable, vous pouvez [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|demander une intervention du responsable]].

Par le passé, des participants à la bêta de Wikiversity ont demandé des outils de gestion (« temporaires ») pour maintenir les contenus dans une langue spécifique. S'ils ont fait preuve de qualité, nous leur avons souvent confié la maintenance générale. Ils peuvent également demander à la communauté une gestion permanente.

Les [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|bureaucrates]] constituent un autre groupe de participants à Wikiversity, ayant accès aux outils permettant de définir (mais non de réinitialiser) les [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|droits des utilisateurs]] et d'attribuer des [[Special:Makebot|drapeaux aux bots]]. Il n'existe pas encore de relation formelle entre les bureaucrates et les administrateurs de Wikiversity.

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!Utilisateur
!Drapeau
!Fuseau horaire
!Babel
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|Japan (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|Korea (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|Taiwan (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

*[[wikiversity:request custodian action|Wikiversité:Requête d'action d'administrateur]]
*[[wikiversity:requests for import|Wikiversité:Requête d'importation]]
*[[:category:candidates for speedy deletion|Catégorie:Appel à une suppression rapide]]
*[[special:newpages|Spécial:NouvellesPages]]
*[[special:shortpages|Spécial:PagesCourtes]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Voir aussi ==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Liste automatique]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter Activité des administrateurs]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Wikiversité:Bureaucrates]]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>jog60yi3t3cst3s8lpe1shyfgv03wy8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/da</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>43010</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385231</id>
      <parentid>383690</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385231</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5109" sha1="rwbso3mfhw6j1jmv84pto2ctapfmmt8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!Bruger
!Flag
!Tidszone
!Babel
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|Japan (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|Korea (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|Taiwan (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==se også==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Autogenerated list]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>rwbso3mfhw6j1jmv84pto2ctapfmmt8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/de</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>44379</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385233</id>
      <parentid>383691</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385233</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4776" sha1="q81wdbf8yjxp7u6l9hboh1damim2d1o" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
Wikiversity-'''Administratoren''' (auch bekannt als Custodians oder Sysops), sind Wikiversity-Benutzer, die Zugriff auf technische Funktionen zur Wartung von Wikiversity haben. Diese Funktionen umfassen das Schützen und Löschen von Seiten, Sperren anderer Benutzer und auch das Zurücksetzen von deren Aktionen.

Wikiversity-Benutzer mit gutem Ansehen können sich für die Administratorenrechte auf [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]] bewerben.

Jeder Benutzer kann sich so verhalten, wie ein Administrator (oder Moderator), selbst wenn er nicht die zusätzlichen administrativen Rechte erhalten hat. Wenn du jedoch etwas entdeckst, um das sich ein Administrator kümmern muss, kannst du eine [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|Administrator-Aktion beantragen]].

Beta-Wikiversity-Benutzer haben in der Vergangenheit (&quot;temporär&quot;) Administratorrechte zur Wartung von Inhalten in einer bestimmten Sprache beantragt. Wenn sie gezeigt haben, dass sie gute Arbeit leisten, haben wir ihnen häufig auch allgemeine Wartungsarbeiten zugetraut. Sie können die Gemeinschaft auch um permanente Administratorrechte bitten.

[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bürokraten]] sind eine weitere Gruppe von Wikiversity-Benutzern, die Zugriff auf die Werkzeuge haben, um [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|Benutzerrechte]] zu vergeben (aber nicht zu entziehen) und [[Special:Makebot|Bot-Flags]] zu vergeben. Es gibt noch keine formelle Beziehung zwischen Wikiversity-Bürokraten und Wikiversity-Administratoren.

&lt;span id=&quot;Custodians&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Administratoren ==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!Benutzer
!Recht
!Zeitzone
!Babel
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|Japan (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|Korea (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|Taiwan (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;span id=&quot;Pages_that_need_custodial_attention&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Seiten, die administrative Aufmerksamkeit benötigen ==

*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|Wikiversity:Administrator-Aktion beantragen]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import|Wikiversity:Importwünsche]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages|Spezial:Neue Seiten]]
*[[Special:ShortPages|Spezial:Kurze Seiten]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Siehe auch ==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Automatisch generierte Liste]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter Administrator-Aktivität]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bürokraten]]

*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test-Wiki-Administratoren]]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Übersetzungsadministratoren]]


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>q81wdbf8yjxp7u6l9hboh1damim2d1o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/pl</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>45820</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385244</id>
      <parentid>383702</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385244</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5126" sha1="gv63k28egz706dsvl3wr9whkw4paqf5" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!Użytkownik
!Flaga
!Strefa czasowa
!Babel
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|Japonia (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|Korea (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|Tajwan (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==Zobacz też==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Autogenerated list]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>gv63k28egz706dsvl3wr9whkw4paqf5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Repartiments I ESO</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>48167</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385259</id>
      <parentid>385221</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T10:48:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Profev</username>
        <id>36331</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Exemples de fracció unitària */ +</comment>
      <origin>385259</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="59092" sha1="7wpkaidz4lfeblgwx45739wmecwdehn" xml:space="preserve">Aquesta secció analitza com s'efectuen els repartiments en general a la vida diària i les eines que podem utilitzar per millorar la eficiència descriptiva i analítica per a una acció comunicativa.

'''Objectius:'''

* Utilitzar diverses estratègies per repartir unitats o quantitats.

* Utilitzar mètodes d'aproximació decimal.

* Utilitzar diversos procediments per presentar els resultats.

* Utilitzar els múltiples i divisors de forma natural per abordar diversos problemes.

* Mostrar l'ampli us i aplicació de les matemàtiques a la vida quotidiana.

* Animar a la investigació amb totes aquestes eines.

* Conèixer fets històrics més rellevants adequant anècdotes.

* Apreciar i valorar cadascun dels objectius.

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Temporització per al docent&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
|-
|Es deixen plegats els possibles comentaris o explicacions que es poden fer, o determinades solucions que poden ser interessants. Es recomana no fer totes les explicacions plegades ja que moltes són elementals o redundants amb perill d'avorriment alt. Gradualment s'introduiran enllaços a noves direccions necessàries per accedir a nou coneixement.

La següent temporització està basat en que el material web s'hagi finalitzat amb tota la seva amplitud. La diferència entre les hores depèn del tipus d'alumnat, l'estratègia del docent i la suma d'hores esperada.

* Introducció: repàs de primaria si escau segons el tipus de classe de 0 a 1h.

* Història: amb una llegida i que l'interessat pugui preguntar o analitzar ½h a 1h.

:* Algunes activitats pràctiques dins l'esperit creatiu de l'alumne inspirat en els antics, lliure segons el docent.

* Repartiments d'unitats: sobre les fraccions unitat de 0 a 2h.

* Notació general de la fracció: utilització de la notació de fracció entera, 1h.

* Fraccions enteres: entendre i recordar conceptes de primaria per fixar-los, 1h.

* Producte i divisió de fraccions enteres: amb fraccions equivalents de 2h a 3h.

* Sumes i restes de fraccions enteres: amb mcm i mcd de 2h a 4h.

-en construcció-.
|}

== Introducció ==

Recordatori o bases intuïtiva de les operacions inverses.

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|Donada la suma 4+3=7. A partir del 7 i el 3, quina operació permet recuperar el 4?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|De fet es pot suposar que s'ha esborrat el 4 quedant &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?} + 3 =7.&lt;/math&gt;

Llavors per recuperar la xifra esborrada amb resta &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}=7-3&lt;/math&gt; donant 4 i ja està.

Es pot considerar i recordar el canvi de lloc del 3 com un '''moviment'''.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|Donada la resta &lt;math&gt;5-2=3.&lt;/math&gt; A partir del 3 i el 2, quina operació permet recuperar el 5?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Es pot suposar que s'ha esborrat el 5 quedant &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}-2=3.&lt;/math&gt;

Llavors per recuperar la xifra esborrada amb la suma &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}=3+2&lt;/math&gt; donant 5 i ja està.

En cas que s'esborri el 2: &lt;math&gt;5-\text{¿   ?}=3&lt;/math&gt; podem fer que &lt;math&gt;5=\text{¿   ?}+3&lt;/math&gt; i per tant que &lt;math&gt;5-3=\text{¿   ?}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|Podem concloure que ''la resta desfà la suma'' i ''que la suma desfà la resta''?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;| Sí clarament, només cal respectar l'ordre de les operacions.

'''Nota''': si jo sumo una quantitat per desfer-ho he de restar la mateixa quantitat i a l'invers.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|Donada la multiplicació &lt;math&gt;4\cdot 3=12.&lt;/math&gt; A partir del 12 i el 4 quina operació permet recuperar el 3?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Es pot suposar que s'ha esborrat el 3 quedant &lt;math&gt;4\cdot\text{¿   ?}=12.&lt;/math&gt;

Llavors l'operació és la divisió &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}=12\div 4&lt;/math&gt; donant 3 i ja està.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|Donada la divisió &lt;math&gt;6\div 3=2.&lt;/math&gt; A partir del 2 i el 3 quina operació permet recuperar el 6 inicial?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Es pot suposar que s'ha esborrat el 6 quedant &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}\div 3=2.&lt;/math&gt;

Llavors l'operació és la multiplicació &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}=2\cdot 3&lt;/math&gt; donant 6 i ja està.

Pel cas &lt;math&gt;6\div\text{¿   ?}=2&lt;/math&gt; s'escriu com &lt;math&gt;6=2\cdot\text{¿   ?}&lt;/math&gt; i a la vegada com &lt;math&gt;6\div 2=\text{¿   ?}&lt;/math&gt; donant 3 i ja està.
|}

'''Mostres i exemples:'''

1.-Cal repartir 5 pomes per a cada una de les 8 persones d'una reunió.
*Quantes pomes hem repartit en total? Doncs en total són &lt;math&gt;5\times 8=40&lt;/math&gt; pomes.

Visualment:

{| cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid black;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;8\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;8\times 5\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:UnaManzana1.svg|20px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;40\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:UnaManzana1.svg|20px]]
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
|-
|Pluja d'idees d'adaptacions didàctiques. Nivell de primaria.

*Literalment, el dibuix mostra que 8 agrupacions idèntiques es poden canviar per un 8 que multiplica a la agrupació de 5 pomes. En un segon pas mostra com la agrupació de 5 pomes es pot canviar per un 5 que multiplica a una poma. Finalment observem que només hem de multiplicar 8 per 5 que dona 40 que és la quantitat de pomes que hem repartit en total.

*Es pot entendre com el primer factor comú que es pot fer intuïtivament:

{| cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid black;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;(1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1)\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]]
|}
{| cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid black;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;8\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;8\times (1+1+1+1+1)\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:UnaManzana1.svg|15px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;8\times 5\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:UnaManzana1.svg|15px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;40\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:UnaManzana1.svg|15px]]
|}

*Quan es pot fer això?
:a) Quan multipliquem xifres diferents
:b) Quan els elements a agrupar són iguals
:c) Per operar xifres petites
:d) Per operar xifres grans
:e) No importa les quantitats implicades

*Quines característiques es poden comparar per trobar aquesta simplificació?
:Forma, volum, pes, disposició, composició, olor, quantitat o nombre, color, textura, lluentor, pertinença, ... i qualsevol detall identificable per fer una comparació.
|}

2.-Tenim un espai rectangular de 6&amp;nbsp;m d'amplada i 7&amp;nbsp;m de llarg.
*Quants metres quadrats té aquest espai? Doncs en total tenim &lt;math&gt;6\times 7=42\,\,m^2.&lt;/math&gt;

{|align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid black;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
|
{|
|-
|
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;7&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;6&lt;/math&gt; 
|[[File:Cuadricula6x7simple.svg|98px]]
|}
|=
|
{|
|-
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;6&lt;/math&gt;
|[[File:Filas6x7cuadrados.svg|98px]]
|}
|=
|
{|
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;6\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:Fila7cuadrados.svg|98px]]
|}
|= &lt;math&gt;6\times 7\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:Cuadrado20x20unico.svg|14px]]
|
|=
|&lt;math&gt;42\times&lt;/math&gt;
|[[File:Cuadrado20x20unico.svg|14px]]
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
|-
|Pluja d'idees d'adaptacions didàctiques. Nivell de primaria.

*Literalment, es vol veure quants quadradets té aquest rectangle. Així:
:*Es pot identificar que hi ha 6 tires idèntiques, llavors fem el recompte amb 6 multiplicat per una tira, però llavors com cada tira té 7 quadradets, llavors és el mateix que 6 multiplicat per 7 donant el nombre total de quadradets.
:*Aquest és el procediment més fàcil per calcular àrees rectangulars.
|}

;Pràctica immediata:

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|1.-S'ha repartit 40 pomes entre 8 persones. Quantes pomes toca a cadascú?
|-
|Doncs &lt;math&gt;40\div 8=5&lt;/math&gt; pomes a cada persona.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|2.-Tenim un espai amb un àrea de &lt;math&gt;42\,\,m^2&lt;/math&gt; i 7&amp;nbsp;m de llarg. Quina és l'amplada de l'espai?
|-
|Doncs &lt;math&gt;42\div 7=6\,\,m.&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
|-
|width=&quot;500&quot;|3.-Càlcul aritmètic ràpid sense efectuar operacions:
||a) &lt;math&gt;8\times 327\div 8=&lt;/math&gt;
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;|
{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
|-
|width=&quot;250px&quot;|&lt;math&gt;a=327\;\; i\;\; b=138.&lt;/math&gt;
|}
|-
|||b) &lt;math&gt;138\div 3\times 3=&lt;/math&gt;
|}

Aquests fets i molts d'altres porten la necessitat de partir o fer parts, trossejar, dividir o fraccionar en peces iguals o en valors iguals diverses quantitats idealment per distribuir-les o repartir-les i inversament també porten a ajuntar, agrupar, unir, encaixar o reconstruir objectes diversos. Aquesta necessitat té com a conseqüència la introducció dels '''múltiples''', '''divisors''', '''fraccions''' i '''aproximacions''' com a eines necessàries per abordar diferents problemes.

== Història ==

Les fraccions apareix amb naturalitat amb el llenguatge. Hi ha registres d'aquestes fraccions a les primeres escriptures de les antigues civilitzacions. Els registres més coneguts són els quantitatius, on s'utilitzen diversos objectes amb valors fixos per anotar la mesura, permetent considerar unes mides com a fraccions d'unes altres gràcies a la relació exacta que té un objecte amb un altre. Els primers registres es van fer sobre diferents suports ja sigui en fang, escultures, escrits en papirs o altres mètodes de registre.

*Els sumeris, que ja escrivien entorn del 5000 a.c. i va anar evolucionant a la cuneïforme, van utilitzar peces de fang amb diferents formes i també inscripcions al fang amb dibuixos que és el nom del que han contat.

::[[File:Clay accounting ball with calculi, counters, and evolution of cuneiform - Oriental Institute Museum, University of Chicago - DSC07070.JPG|400px]]

* Els protoelamites veïns dels sumeris ja comerciaven amb aquestes fraccions:

::[[File:NumeraciónProtoelamita.svg|500px]]

* Els babilonis, que es van apropiar de l'escriptura sumèria, van utilitzar fraccions de 60 parts d'una unitat que més tard va acabar en un sistema sexagesimal molt potent.

::[[File:NumeraciónBabilónica.svg|500px]]

*Els egipcis van utilitzar fraccions d'una unitat amb una especie de quocient arbitrari. També van utilitzar símbols concrets com l'ull d'Horus per fer fraccions de potències de 2.

::[[File:Eye of Ra (fractions).svg|130px]]

*En altres latituds els Asteques havien registrat longituds de terrenys, utilitzant mitjos i cinquenes parts de la unitat de forma reduïda.

::[[File:NumeraciónAzteca.svg|230px]]

== Repartiments d'unitats ==
[[File:Queso fresco.JPG|200px|right]]
Donat un formatge sencer es vol repartir entre 6 persones.

:{|style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot;
|-
|
* Acció demanada: dividir aquesta unitat de formatge en 6 parts iguals.

Possibles solucions:

* Fer una divisió radial del formatge en 6 parts iguals.

* Si el formatge pesa 600 grams llavors només cal donar 100 grams a cadascú sense importar la forma, però els seu pes serà la característica que ha de ser igual.

El símbol ideal que s'utilitza és la fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{6}&lt;/math&gt;, on l'u al numerador fa referència a un formatge sencer i el sis del denominador indica les parts en que s'ha dividit.
|}

==== Notació de fracció entera unitaria ====

[[File:Numerador y denominador.svg|200px|right]]

Per escriure que ''una unitat es divideix en una quantitat de parts iguals'' s'ha d'utilitzar nombres sense decimals al denominador, es a dir nombres enters i diferents de zero, i fem servir la notació:

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; width=&quot;75%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Més&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{n}&lt;/math&gt;, on '''1''' és el '''numerador''', dividend o valor a dividir, i '''n''' és el '''denominador''', divisor o valor enter que divideix però &lt;math&gt;n\neq 0.&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|[[File:Solar-calculator.jpg|90px|right]]

Tota fracció és un nombre decimal. Per calcular el seu valor decimal amb la calculadora s'ha d'escriure:

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 1\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline /\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline n\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline =\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:També

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 1\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline \div \\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline n\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline =\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;.

'''Exemple''': &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{6}=0,166666666666666666666...=0,1\widehat{6}&lt;/math&gt;

Els egipcis van desenvolupar un altra notació que indica les parts d'una unitat arbitràriament:

{| align=&quot;center&quot; border=0
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓐝&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{2},&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;30px&quot;|
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓏼𓂋&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{3},&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;30px&quot;|
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓏽𓂋&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{4},&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;30px&quot;|
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓐃𓂋&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{5},&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;30px&quot;|
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓏿𓂋&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{6},&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;30px&quot;|...
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓎆𓂋&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{10}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

A el regla de la imatge teniu escrites i detallades les fraccions sobre una vara de fusta especial i sota les fraccions es pot apreciar l'esforç artesà de dividir la unitat fixada.

[[file:Measuring ruler-N 1538-IMG 4492-transparent.png.jpeg|900px]]
|}

===== Exemples de fracció unitària =====

{| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ffe&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot;|'''Nombres'''
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot;|'''Cercle'''
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|'''Ortoedre'''
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|'''Rectangle'''
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot;|'''Mètric'''
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot;|'''Conjunt'''
|-
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Fracció
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Decimal
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|&lt;math&gt;60^\circ&lt;/math&gt;
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Radial
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Grup
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Tires
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Longituds
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Unitats
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0,5&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;30'&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:IconoMitadMedio1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:MedioOrtoedro1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:IconoMedioRec1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:MediaParteTira.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:MediaUnidad1.svg|250px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:UnaMitad.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0,25&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;15'&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:IconoCuarto1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:CuartoOrtoedro1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:IconoCuartoRec1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:CuartaParteTira.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:CuartaUnidad1.svg|250px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:UnaCuartaParte.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{5}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0,2&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;12'&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:IconoQuinto1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:QuintoOrtoedro1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:IconoQuintoRec1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:QuintaParteTira.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:QuintaUnidad1.svg|250px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{8}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0,125&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;7'30''&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:IconoOctavo1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:OctavoOrtoedro1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:IconoOctavaRec1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:OctavaParteTira.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:OctavaUnidad1.svg|250px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:UnaOctavaParte.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{100}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0,01&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0'36''&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:IconoCentesima1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:centavoOrtoedro1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:IconoCentesimaRec1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:CentesimaUnidad1.svg|250px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|
|-
|colspan=&quot;8&quot;|
{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;  align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Explicació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Tanca&quot;
|-
|Detallat per columnes &lt;math&gt;\Rightarrow&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|
Sense oblidar de demanar mai quina és la unitat seleccionada a dividir amb fraccions tenim el següent:

*La 1a columna mostra les fraccions, a la següent columna el seu valor decimal i seguidament les fraccions de graus/hores com '''unitat''' del sistema sexagesimal; de fet aritmèticament les dues primeres són el mateix, però una fracció té més informació i indica la procedència d'aquest valor decimal.

*La 4a columna mostra les fraccions com una divisió radial on el cercle és la '''unitat''', també té moltes variants una d'aquestes és la divisió radial del semicercle com a '''unitat''' utilitzat a les eleccions al parlament per la semblança amb aquest físicament.

*La 5a columna mostra divisions dins d'un ortoedre(les cares fan 90 graus amb les veïnes com un maó o un bric sense cares inclinades) o també un cub. Un cop donada la '''unitat'' a tallar els talls es poden fer de diverses maneres sempre que el producte de dividir siguin figures de igual volum.

*La 6a columna mostra divisions dins d'una figura plana rectangular o quadrada que és la '''unitat''' dividida lliurement en parts iguals verticalment, horitzontalment o barrejant a voluntat; és important que els bocins resultat siguin trossos de igual forma.

*La 7a columna mostra divisions dins una tira que és la '''unitat''', representat com a una cadena de rectangles i no deixa de ser un rectangle molt estirat.

*La 8a columna mostra divisions identificant les fraccions sobre una '''unitat''' arbitrària longitudinal com si fos una tira i podria ser un metre, un mil·límetre, un kilòmetre, etc.

*La 9a columna mostra '''una unitat''' de diverses figures, cada figura no afavoreix la divisió individualment, en aquest cas es fan fraccions de 8 figures que es representen una la unitat i s'encercla el que es considera una fracció de 8 figures.

S'ha de deixar molt clar quina és la unitat, sense ella no hi ha manera de començar a fer particions sense caure en errors.

Algunes imatges molt carregades s'han ignorat, això no vol dir que no existeixi.
|}
|}

===== Aplicació de les fraccions =====

L'objectiu primari de les fraccions és aplicar-les directament a les quantitats destinades.

;'''Com s'apliquen aquestes fraccions?'''

:Doncs multiplicant-les pel valor a repartir:

:* Si es vol repartir dos metres de cinta adhesiva entre 8 persones, llavors hi ha dos opcions equivalents:

::* Dividint &lt;math&gt;2\div 8&lt;/math&gt; donant 0,25 metres o 25 centímetres.

::* Multiplicant &lt;math&gt;2\times\tfrac{1}{8}&lt;/math&gt; és a dir &lt;math&gt;2\times 0,125&lt;/math&gt; donant 0,25 metres o 25 centímetres.

:* Si es vol repartir 350 litres de llet entre 10 persones, llavors:

::* Dividint &lt;math&gt;350\div 10&lt;/math&gt; donant 35 litres.

::* Multiplicant &lt;math&gt;350\times\tfrac{1}{10}&lt;/math&gt; és a dir &lt;math&gt;350\times 0,1&lt;/math&gt; donant 35 litres.

Que es pugui fer de dues maneres és perquè podem multiplicar 350 per l'u abans que dividir &lt;math&gt;350\times\tfrac{1}{10}=350\times 1\div 10= 350\div 10&lt;/math&gt; això justifica la notació general:
:::&lt;math&gt;a\times\tfrac{1}{b}=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}=\tfrac{1}{b}\times a&lt;/math&gt;
on estudiarem &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; i &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt; sense decimals.

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; width=&quot;75%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Més&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;
|-
|[[File:Accessories-calculator Faenza.svg|left|30px]]La '''inversa''' de la multiplicació de nombres per calculadores científiques és &lt;math&gt;n^{-1}=\tfrac{1}{n}=(1\div n)&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Exemple:

* Si es vol repartir 140 caramels entre 20 persones llavors multiplico per la inversa &lt;math&gt;140\times 20^{-1}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=140\times (1\div 20)&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=140\times 0'05&lt;/math&gt; = 7 caramels per cadascú.

Algunes calculadores científiques poden fer directament &lt;math&gt;\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 1\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 4\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 0\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline \times\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 2\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 0\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline x^{-1}\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline =\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

;'''Multiplicació per augmentar o reduir?'''

: En multiplicar 3 per un nombre positiu més gran que 1 com el '''10''', llavors aquest 3 creix o augmenta fins a 30.

::[[File:Lente001.jpg|300px]] &lt;math&gt;3\xrightarrow{\;\;\;\times 10\;\;\;}30&lt;/math&gt;

: En multiplicar 3 per un nombre positiu més petit que 1 com el '''0'2''', llavors aquest 3 decreix o disminueix fins a 0'6.

::[[File:Lente002.jpg|300px]] &lt;math&gt;3\xrightarrow{\;\;\;\times 0'2\;\;\;}0,6&lt;/math&gt;

=== Fraccions enteres ===

Aquesta secció presenta la notació actual de '''fracció''' que evita o simplifica la multiplicació d'una fracció unitària per un nombre, o també evita la suma de moltes fraccions unitàries idèntiques, estalviant així temps i agilitzant operacions secundàries.

==== Notació de fracció ====

{|align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#ddf&quot;|'''Tipus de fraccions'''
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd;background:#f4f4ff&quot;|Model
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd;background:#f4f4ff&quot;|Nom
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{b}&lt;/math&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|'''unitària'''
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\,\,i\,\,a&lt;b&lt;/math&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|'''pròpia'''
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\,\,i\,\,a&gt;b&lt;/math&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|'''impròpia'''
|}

Per escriure que ''un valor arbitrari es divideix en una quantitat de parts iguals'' fem servir la notació general de fraccions:

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; width=&quot;75%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Més&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\dfrac{a}{b}&lt;/math&gt;, on '''ɑ''' és el '''numerador''', dividend o valor a dividir, i '''b''' és el '''denominador''', divisor o valor que divideix però no nul, es a dir, diferent de zero, &lt;math&gt;b\neq 0.&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|

{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot;  width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Nivell pro&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;
|-
|La fracció demana les '''vegades que el valor &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt; està dins del valor &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;''' amb aquesta pregunta es pot reconstruir el mecanisme de les divisions que coneixem.
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #fbb&quot;|Es vol repartir 19€ entre 8 persones, per tant, tenim la fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{19}{8}&lt;/math&gt; i vull obtenir el seu valor decimal per saber quant toca a cadascú:

Es veu que 8 cap 2 vegada com a màxim dins de 19, es a dir, que &lt;math&gt;8\times 2&lt; 19&lt;/math&gt; i sobra un 3 que falta dividir entre 8 que s'escriu com:&lt;ref group=&quot;note&quot; name=&quot;cap&quot;/&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{19}{8}=2+\frac{3}{8}&lt;/math&gt;

::Es llegeix com que cada persona rep 2€ i falten 3€ a repartir entre les 8 persones.

S'ha de descanviar 3€ en dècimes d'euro, així, 3€ = 30 dècimes per repartir-les entre 8 persones, per tant, tenim la fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{30}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

Novament es veu que 8 cap 3 vegades com a màxim dins de 30, és a dir, que &lt;math&gt;8\times 3&lt; 30&lt;/math&gt; i sobra un 6 que falta dividir entre 8 que s'escriu com:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{30}{8}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=3+\frac{6}{8}&lt;/math&gt;

::Es llegeix com que cada persona rep 3 dècimes d'euro i falta 6 dècimes a repartir entre 8 persones.

S'ha de descanviar 6 dècimes d'euro, així, 6 dècimes = 60 cèntims per repartir-les entre 8 persones, per tant, tenim la fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{60}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

Novament es veu que 8 cap 7 vegades com a màxim dins de 60, és a dir, que &lt;math&gt;8\times 7&lt; 60&lt;/math&gt; i sobra un 4 que falta dividir entre 8 que s'escriu com:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{60}{8}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=7+\frac{4}{8}&lt;/math&gt;

::Es llegeix com que cada persona rep 7 cèntims i sobren 4 cèntims a repartir entre 8 persones.

S'ha de descanviar 4 cèntims, així, 4 cèntims són 40 mil·lèsimes d'euro, unitat que no existeix, per tant, tenim la fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{40}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

Novament es veu que 8 cap exactament 5 vegades dins de 40 ja que &lt;math&gt;8\times 5=40.&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{40}{8}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=5&lt;/math&gt;

::Es llegeix com que cada persona rep 5 mil·lèsimes d'euro.

El resultat és docs &lt;math&gt;\frac{19}{8}=2+0'3+0'07+0'005=2,375\euro&lt;/math&gt; són les vegades que 8 està dins de 19 amb tots els decimals.
|}

Tota fracció impròpia es pot escriure com un nombre més una fracció pròpia &lt;math&gt;s+\tfrac{a}{b}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=s\;\;^a/_b,&lt;/math&gt; on &lt;math&gt;a&lt;b&lt;/math&gt; d'aquesta suma en diem '''nombres mixtos''':

:A partir de la suma de fraccions unitàries del mateix tipus:

::&lt;math&gt;\underbrace{\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}}_{=1}+\underbrace{\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}}_{=1}+\underbrace{\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}}_{=1}+\underbrace{\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}}_{=3\times\tfrac{1}{4}=\tfrac{3}{4}}=3+\tfrac{3}{4}=3\;\;^3/_4&lt;/math&gt;

:Interpretació a partir de nombres decimals:

::&lt;math&gt;3,5=3+\tfrac{1}{2}=3\;\;^1/_2&lt;/math&gt; es pot desfer fent &lt;math&gt;=\dfrac{3\times 2+1}{2}=\tfrac{7}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

::&lt;math&gt;2,75=2+\tfrac{3}{4}=2\;\;^3/_4&lt;/math&gt; es pot desfer fent &lt;math&gt;=\dfrac{2\times 4+3}{4}=\tfrac{11}{4}.&lt;/math&gt;

::&lt;math&gt;7,8=7+\tfrac{4}{5}=7\;\;^4/_5&lt;/math&gt; es pot desfer fent &lt;math&gt;=\dfrac{7\times 5+4}{5}=\tfrac{39}{5}.&lt;/math&gt;

'''Nota''': Que una fracció sigui impròpia no la fa prohibida, una alternativa és amagar-la en la forma fracció mixta, això no impedeix la seva existència implícita.

S'ha d'interpretar i conèixer bé aquesta notació, ja que, és una forma d'escriure el mateix:

:&lt;math&gt;a\div b=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;a\times \frac{1}{b}=\frac{a\times 1}{b}=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{b}\times a=\frac{1\times a}{b}=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;1=a\div a=\dfrac{a}{a}&lt;/math&gt;

'''Exemple intuïtiu:''' Si repartim 310 pans entre 310 persones hem de fer &lt;math&gt;\dfrac{310\,\,Pans}{310\,\,Persones}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\dfrac{1\,\,Pa}{1\,\,Persona}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=1\dfrac{Pa}{Persona}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=1\;\;^{Pa}/_{Persona}&lt;/math&gt; que es llegeix ''un pa '''per''' cada persona''.

Si multipliquem una fracció pel número '''1''' no tenim cap canvi.

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\times 1=\frac{a\times 1}{b}=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;1\times\frac{a}{b}=\frac{1\times a}{b}=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

;Exemples d'aplicació de la notació:

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;75%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|1) Sumes de fraccions iguals &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}=?&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Es demana ajuntar parts o trossos iguals per tant

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=5\times\frac{1}{3}&lt;/math&gt;  &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{5}{3}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

Utilitzant decimals és més elaborat:

::&lt;math&gt;0'\widehat{3\,}+0'\widehat{3\,}+0'\widehat{3\,}+0'\widehat{3\,}+0'\widehat{3\,}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=5\times 0'\widehat{3\,}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 1'\widehat{6\,}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

és a dir que en realitat &lt;math&gt;5\div 3&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=1'\widehat{6\,}.&lt;/math&gt;

Quin és el millor? doncs depèn de la situació pot ser un o l'altre.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|2) Sumes de fraccions mateix denominador: &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{7}+\frac{2}{7}=?&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Només cal interpretar cada fracció per separat per adonar-se que són totes iguals:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{7}+\frac{2}{7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\bigg(\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}\bigg)+\bigg(\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}\bigg)&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{5}{7}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

S'ha de recordar que com que tot són sumes llavors podem treure els parèntesis i es sumar tranquil·lament.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|3) Restes de fraccions mateix denominador: &lt;math&gt;\frac{4}{5}-\frac{3}{5}=?&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Només cal interpretar cada fracció per separat per adonar-se que són totes iguals:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{4}{5}-\frac{3}{5}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\bigg(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}\bigg)+\bigg(-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{5}\bigg)&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{1}{5}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

Podem treure els parèntesis i es resta tranquil·lament.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|4) Quants setens hi ha a l'expressió: &lt;math&gt;\frac{13}{7}?&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Només cal entendre que el numerador parla de quants setens tenim, en aquest cas 13 setens.
|}

;Interpretacions de &lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}:&lt;/math&gt;

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Exemples&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
*Quantitat de vegades que '''b''' cap dins de '''ɑ'''.&lt;ref group=&quot;note&quot; name=&quot;cap&quot;&gt;Direm que &quot;3 '''cap''' 4 vegades dins 13&quot;, abusant del llenguatge, es refereix a les vegades que puc '''ocupar en grup de 3 espais''' sense sobrepassar els '''13 espais donats'''
&lt;/ref&gt;
::[[File:Interpretando una fracción 001.svg|100px]] &lt;math&gt;\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=6&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|'''Exemple 1''': Es vol fer un estudi més general sobre distribució d'espai, en primer lloc s'analitzen 13 places d'aparcament de cotxes i es vol estudiar quants '''grups de 3''' cotxes cap a dins, és a dir, omplir-lo de 3 en 3, visualment amb un dibuix ja es veu la solució:

[[File:Estacionamiento en línea 001.svg|center|300]]

:Amb una divisió entera també tindrem la solució &lt;math&gt;\begin{matrix}
13 &amp; 
\begin{array}{|c} 3 \\ \hline \end{array} \\
1 &amp; 4
\end{matrix}&lt;/math&gt; i el resultat diu que cap 4 grups de 3 cotxes i sobra un espai.

:Amb calculadora &lt;math&gt;\frac{13\;places}{3\;places\;agrupades}=4,\widehat{3\,},&lt;/math&gt; per tant, són 4 agrupacions i els decimals &lt;math&gt;0'\widehat{3\,}&lt;/math&gt; només indiquen que han sobrat espais, per recuperar aquest espai residual s'ha de multiplicar per 3 donant &lt;math&gt;0'\widehat{3\,}\times 3=1&lt;/math&gt; lloc.

[[File:Huevera o caja de una docena de huevos 00.jpg|100px|right]]

'''Exemple 2''': S'estudia una ouera per a una dotzena d'ous i 5 gallines que donen 1 ou diari cadascuna. Es vol saber en quants dies s'ocupa aquesta ouera i, per tant, necessitaré una nova ouera. Esquema on visualment ja es veu la solució:

::[[File:IconoDoceavoRecV01.svg|150px]]

:Amb una divisió entera també tindrem la solució &lt;math&gt;\begin{matrix}
12 &amp; 
\begin{array}{|c} 5 \\ \hline \end{array} \\
2 &amp; 2
\end{matrix}&lt;/math&gt; i el resultat diu que en 2 dies s'omple la ouera i sobren 2 espais, i per tant necessitarem una de nova.

:Amb calculadora &lt;math&gt;\frac{12\;espais}{5\;espais\;per\;dia\;ocupats}=2'4,&lt;/math&gt; per tant, en 2 dies s'ocupa aquesta primera ouera i els decimals 0'4 només indiquen que han sobrat espais, en aquest cas sobren &lt;math&gt;0'4\times 5=2&lt;/math&gt; llocs.

'''Nota:''' Aquests exemples són expressament molt fàcils i es poden veure a ull però amb valors més grans és difícil de fer-lo a ull. Identifiqueu la idea més simple que dona. També es por fer un resum amb les pròpies paraules.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Exemples&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
*Valor de cadascuna de les '''b''' parts iguals que es poden fer del valor '''ɑ'''.
::[[File:Interpretando una fracción 002.svg|100px]] &lt;math&gt;\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=4&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Exemple 1: Es vol destinar un espai de 60 metres per a estacionament de vehicles en línia (un davant de l'altre). Quants metres tindria cada aparcament si es vol fer-ne 15? i si es vol fer-ne 18?

:Si es vol 15, s'ha de fer la divisió &lt;math&gt;\frac{60\;m}{15\;espais}=4\frac{m}{espai},&lt;/math&gt; per tant 4 metres per espai.

:Si es vol 18, s'ha de fer la divisió &lt;math&gt;\frac{60\;m}{18\;espais}=3,\widehat{3\,}\frac{m}{espai},&lt;/math&gt; per tant 3,333 metres per espai aproximadament.

'''Nota:''' Evidentment si es vol anar directament a una mesura com 3 metres per aparcament s'aplica la idea anterior &lt;math&gt;\frac{60\;m}{3\;m}=20\;aparcaments.&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Explicació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
*Per cada '''b''' elements d'un conjunt n'agafem '''ɑ''' elements o ,equivalentment, agafem '''ɑ''' elements per cada '''b''' elements d'un conjunt.
::[[File:Interpretando una fracción 003.svg|400px]] &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{20}&lt;/math&gt; del motiu és verd.
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Aquí només cal dir que es considera que el fris decoratiu és molt gran, llavors només cal identificar el '''motiu''' que es repeteix i construir una fracció a partir del que es demana d'ell.

També es pot fer una equivalència amb:

*'''b''' és el total de elements d'un '''conjunt unitat''' divisible, i '''ɑ''' és la quantitat que es necessita.

:*&lt;math&gt;\frac{parts\;escollides}{total\;de\;parts\;escollibles}&lt;/math&gt;

:*&lt;math&gt;\frac{elements\;seleccionats}{tots\;els\;elements\;seleccionables}&lt;/math&gt;

:*&lt;math&gt;\frac{parts\;pintades}{total\;de\;parts\;pintables}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Explicació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
*A partir de '''b''' s'obté el tipus d'elements utilitzats i '''ɑ''' els elements que es necessiten.
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Aquesta darrera interpretació és la més general i la que produeix fraccions impròpies de forma natural.

Quan es diu que a partir de '''b''' s'obté el tipus d'elements, està parlant de que els elements són &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{b}&lt;/math&gt; com a una ''unitat fraccionària''.

Si es demanen 400 pans d'un quart, ¿Quant pesa?. Llavors el que es fa és &lt;math&gt;400\times\frac{1}{4}=&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\frac{400}{4}=&lt;/math&gt; 100&amp;nbsp;kg.

A algunes aplicacions parlen que és necessari &lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{5}&lt;/math&gt; per arribar a un objectiu, només cal observar que '''la unitat desitjada està formada per 5 elements''', llavors:

* Si es diu que hi ha &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{5}&lt;/math&gt; del que es desitja, vol dir que hi ha la cinquena part de la unitat de 5 elements, és a dir, tens un sol element i es demanen 5.

* Si es diu que hi ha &lt;math&gt;\frac{55}{5}&lt;/math&gt; del que es desitja, vol dir que hi ha 55 cinquenes parts de la unitat de 5 elements, és a dir, sobren 50 elements.
|}

===== Exemples =====

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|1) Un comprador fa una comanda de 15 trossos d'un mateix tipus de formatge, aquest formatge es ven en mitjos de formatge. A quants formatges sencers equival la compra feta realment? escriu-lo en nombres mixtos i després en nombres decimals.
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Com que 15 no es pot dividir entre 2 llavors apartem un dels 15 i obtenim 14.

:Directament separem un mig dels 15 que tinc &lt;math&gt;15\times\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{14}{2}+\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

:Es calcula els 14 mitjos: &lt;math&gt;=\frac{14}{2}+\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 7+\dfrac{1}{2}.\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:I amb decimals &lt;math&gt;=7+\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt; = 7 + 0'5 &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 7'5.\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

De fet la divisió entera ens diu com és el nombre, el residu 1 és l'u d'aquest un mig:

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{matrix}
15 &amp; \begin{array}{|c}2\\ \hline \end{array}\\
1 &amp; 7 
\end{matrix} \;\;\;\Rightarrow\;\;\; \frac{15}{2}=7+\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|2) Un home es menja la meitat d'una pizza, després té més gana però només es menja l'equivalent a un quart de la pizza inicial. Quina fracció s'ha menjat realment respecte de la pizza unitat?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Si es representa clarament el mig és el mateix que dos quarts

[[File:Fracción suma 1 de 4 i 1 de 2.svg|200px|center]]

Per tant en comptes de &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt; el que realment tinc és &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}&lt;/math&gt; i que sumant dona &lt;math&gt;\begin{array}{|c|}\hline \dfrac{3}{4}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|3) Suposant que el fris és indefinidament llarg. Quina fracció del fris és de color verd?
[[File:Friso de triángulos equiláteros 0001.svg|600px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|El patró que es repeteix és el parell verd-carbassa; de dos triangles un és verd, per tant, &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt; del fris és de color verd.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|4) Suposant que el fris és indefinidament llarg. Quina fracció del fris és de color verd i quina no és de color verd?
[[File:Friso de triángulos equiláteros 0002.svg|600px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Doncs com que el patró que es repeteix és verd-carbassa-blau cel-carbassa; de quatre triangles un és verd, per tant, &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}&lt;/math&gt; del fris és verd i &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{4}&lt;/math&gt; del fris no és verd.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|5) Suposant que el fris és indefinidament llarg. Quina fracció del fris és de color verd i quina no és de color verd?
[[File:Friso de triángulos equiláteros 0003.svg|600px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Doncs com que el patró que es repeteix és verd-carbassa-carbassa; de tres triangles un és verd, per tant, &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}&lt;/math&gt; del fris és verd i &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{3}&lt;/math&gt; del fris no és verd.
|}

==== Sumes i restes de fraccions enteres ====

{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 2px solid #77d;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\,\,\frac{a}{n}+\frac{b}{n}=\frac{a+b}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\,\,\frac{a}{n}-\frac{b}{n}=\frac{a-b}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;-\frac{a}{n}+\frac{b}{n}=\frac{-a+b}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;-\frac{a}{n}-\frac{b}{n}=\frac{-a-b}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|
{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Demostració&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;
|-
|
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Aquesta demostració val per tots, només cal repetir l'estratègia de interpretar la notació:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{n}+\frac{b}{n}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\underbrace{ \underbrace{\frac{1}{n}+\cdots+\frac{1}{n}}_a+\underbrace{\frac{1}{n}+\cdots+\frac{1}{n}}_b}_{a+b}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{a+b}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
|}
|}

'''Exercicis:'''

1) Quina és la quantitat total resultant a cada cas:

:a) S'ha venut els formatges indicats: &lt;math&gt;4+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=&lt;/math&gt;

:b) S'han repartit els següents trossos de barres de pa de 2kg: &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;

:c) En una capsa tenim un pastís dividit en 35 trossos, per repartir-la entre els seus companys, Marta agafa 5, Josep n'agafa 10, Pere n'agafa 10 i Joan es menja 3. Quina fracció de pastís queda per repartir?

:d) Un restaurador suma l'àrea les fraccions de rajoles restaurades, cada rajola té 1 metre quadrats que ha restaurat: &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{5}{4}=&lt;/math&gt;

:e*canviar) Un venedor de farines ven les següents quantitats en fraccions de kilograms: &lt;math&gt;4+\frac{2}{10}+\frac{3}{100}+\frac{7}{1000}=&lt;/math&gt;

:e) Volem saber quina és la fracció total de cada tipus de rajola de cadascun dels recobriments següents, pistes:

::* Imaginem que els dibuixos són recobriments extensos i hem dibuixat un trosset petit de com es repeteix el dibuix.

::* S'ha de prendre com a unitat un '''tros''' del dibuix, anomenat patró, amb el qual es pot fer o dibuixar tot el recobriment i deduir les fraccions de tot, només a partir d'aquest tros ben escollit.

:::{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot;
|-
|c.1) [[File:Revestimiento0006.svg|200px]]
|c.2) [[File:Revestimiento0005.svg|200px]]
|-
|c.3) [[File:Revestimiento0007.svg|200px]]
|c.4) [[File:Revestimiento0001.svg|200px]]
|-
|c.5) [[File:Revestimiento0002.svg|200px]]
|c.6) [[File:Revestimiento0004.svg|200px]]
|-
|c.7) [[File:Revestimiento0003.svg|200px]]
|}

2) Calculeu la operació indicada:

{|
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:a) &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{2}{5}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:b) &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{5}-\frac{1}{5}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:c) &lt;math&gt;\frac{8}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:d) &lt;math&gt;-\frac{6}{3}+\frac{5}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:e) &lt;math&gt;\frac{9}{10}+\frac{1}{10}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:f) &lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{8}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{6}{8}=&lt;/math&gt;
|}

==== Multiplicació de fraccions ====

{|class=&quot;floatright&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #08f&quot; width=&quot;149&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #08f&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a\cdot c}{c\cdot d}=\frac{a\cdot \color{red}{\cancel c}}{\color{red}{\cancel c} \color{black}\cdot d}=\frac{a}{d}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #08f&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{\,\,\frac{a}{b}\,\,}{\frac{c}{d}}=\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{d}{c}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;=\frac{a}{b}\div\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot c}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;8&quot; width=&quot;120&quot;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

'''Exemples'''

1) &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{5}\cdot\frac{3}{7}=\frac{2\cdot 3}{5\cdot 7}=\frac{6}{35}&lt;/math&gt;

2) &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{5}\cdot\frac{4}{3}=\frac{2\cdot 4}{5\cdot 3}=\frac{8}{15}&lt;/math&gt;


===== Reducció de fraccions =====

Tenim una fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{p}{q}&lt;/math&gt; amb '''p''' i '''q''' divisibles per c, és a dir que '''p = a · c''' i '''q = b · c''', llavors es compleix que:

{|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;8&quot; width=&quot;195&quot;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{p}{q}=\frac{a\cdot c}{b\cdot c}=\frac{a\cdot\cancel c}{b\cdot\cancel c}=\frac{a}{b}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

;Exemples:

1) &lt;math&gt;\frac{6}{15}=\frac{2\cdot\cancel 3}{5\cdot\cancel 3}=\frac{2}{3}&lt;/math&gt;

2) &lt;math&gt;\frac{8}{6}=\frac{4\cdot\cancel 2}{3\cdot\cancel 2}=\frac{4}{3}&lt;/math&gt;

3) &lt;math&gt;\frac{30}{70}=\frac{10\cdot 3}{10\cdot 7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{\cancel{10}\cdot 3}{\cancel{10}\cdot 7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{3}{7}&lt;/math&gt;

4) &lt;math&gt;\frac{49}{35}=\frac{7\cdot 7}{5\cdot 7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{7\cdot \cancel 7}{5\cdot \cancel 7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{7}{5}&lt;/math&gt;

;Exercicis de multiplicacions i divisions:

{|
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
1) &lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{6}\cdot\frac{2}{5}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
2) &lt;math&gt;\frac{8}{3}\cdot\frac{6}{4}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
3) &lt;math&gt;\frac{4}{15}\cdot\frac{3}{12}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
4) &lt;math&gt;\frac{100}{7}\cdot\frac{14}{200}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
5) &lt;math&gt;\frac{\,\,\frac{3}{4}\,\,}{\frac{3}{4}}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
6) &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{5}\div\frac{4}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
7) &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}\div\frac{4}{9}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
8) &lt;math&gt;\frac{\,\,\frac{25}{3}\,\,}{\frac{5}{3}}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
9) &lt;math&gt;\frac{\frac{1}{5}-\frac{3}{5}}{\frac{7}{5}}=&lt;/math&gt;
|}

;Exercicis de reducció:

1) &lt;math&gt;\frac{128}{8}=&lt;/math&gt;

2) &lt;math&gt;\frac{60}{12}=&lt;/math&gt;

3) &lt;math&gt;\frac{45}{18}=&lt;/math&gt;

4) Són equivalents les fraccions següents?

'''Nota:''' dues fraccions són equivalents quan en reduir-les surt la mateixa fracció. Aquest terme s'utilitza per evitar dir '''iguals''' ja que simbòlicament no ho són.

:a)&lt;math&gt;\frac{500}{70}&lt;/math&gt; i &lt;math&gt;\frac{100}{14}&lt;/math&gt;

:b)&lt;math&gt;\frac{42}{66}&lt;/math&gt; i &lt;math&gt;\frac{21}{11}&lt;/math&gt;

:c)&lt;math&gt;\frac{128}{8}&lt;/math&gt; i &lt;math&gt;\frac{16}{1}&lt;/math&gt;

==== Sumes i restes de fraccions ====

;Observació:

{|width=&quot;100%&quot;
|width=&quot;40&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;100&quot;|
{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000&quot;
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;86&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;86&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;86&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|}
|width=&quot;40&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|
&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt;
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;95&quot;|

{|
|width=&quot;20&quot;|
|width=&quot;40&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\leftarrow 3\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;20&quot;|
&lt;math&gt;\begin{matrix}\uparrow\\
4 \\
\downarrow \end{matrix}&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;70&quot;|
{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000&quot;
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|}
|}

|width=&quot;40&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;=\frac{7}{12}&lt;/math&gt;
|
|-
|width=&quot;40&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt;
|
{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000&quot;
|width=&quot;64&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;60&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;60&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;60&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|}
|}

Explicació de l'esquema: S'ha de veure que els terços casualment són divisions verticals, els quarts són divisions horitzontals i quan volem sumar tots dos l'únic que cal és fer les divisions una sobre l'altra. Es veu clarament que un terç són 4 quadradets i un quart són 3 quadradets de un total de 12, per tant el resultat és &lt;math&gt;\frac{7}{12}.&lt;/math&gt;

===== Mètode de suma o resta en general =====

Sempre es pot fer aquests procediments i s'ha de reduir sempre que es pugui:

1r Mètode sense miraments:

{|cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|style=&quot;border: 2px solid #88f;&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\pm\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot d}\pm\frac{b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}=\frac{a\cdot d\pm b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Més extensament&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|
{|bgcolor=&quot;#f0f6ff&quot;
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot d}+\frac{b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}=\frac{a\cdot d+b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}-\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot d}-\frac{b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}=\frac{a\cdot d-b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;-\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{d}=-\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot d}+\frac{b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}=\frac{-a\cdot d+b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;-\frac{a}{b}-\frac{c}{d}=-\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot d}-\frac{b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}=\frac{-a\cdot d-b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|}
|}

2n Mètode eficient:

{|cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|style=&quot;border: 2px solid #88f;&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\pm\frac{c}{d}=\frac{ a\cdot\frac{mcm}{b}\pm c\cdot\frac{mcm}{d} }{mcm}&lt;/math&gt; on '''mcm(b,d)''' és el mínim comú múltiple.
|-
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Més extensament&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|
{|bgcolor=&quot;#f0f6ff&quot;
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{d}=\frac{ a\cdot\frac{mcm}{b}+c\cdot\frac{mcm}{d} }{mcm}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}-\frac{c}{d}=\frac{ a\cdot\frac{mcm}{b}-c\cdot\frac{mcm}{d} }{mcm}&lt;/math&gt;
|}
|}

3r Mètode del espavilat:

Es tracta de fer expressament que tots els denominadors siguin iguals multiplicant pel numerador i denominador per un número. Si es veu difícil apliqueu l'anterior i segur que està bé.

{|cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|style=&quot;border: 2px solid #88f;&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{4}+\frac{3}{8}-\frac{5}{16}=\frac{3\cdot 4}{4\cdot 4}+\frac{3\cdot 2}{8\cdot 2}-\frac{5}{16}=\frac{12}{16}+\frac{6}{16}-\frac{5}{16}=\frac{13}{16}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Explicació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|
{|bgcolor=&quot;#f0f6ff&quot;
|Es veu els denominadors 4, 8 i 16.

*Es pot veure que el 4 l'he de multiplicar per 4 per arribar a 16.

*Es pot veure que el 8 només l'he de multiplicar per 2 per arribar a 16.

Ja està! és el que s'ha de fer com indica l'enunciat, he de multiplicar a numerador i denominador a la vegada per aquests nombres. Finalment es fa la suma normal.
|}
|}

;Observacions:

*&lt;math&gt;a\div n\times(b+c) =\dfrac{a\times b}{n}+\dfrac{a\times c}{n}&lt;/math&gt; anomenada '''propietat distributiva''' respecte la suma.

;Exemple:

{|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #88f;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
|width=&quot;100&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot;|1) &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 1&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1\cdot 3+2\cdot 1}{2\cdot 3}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{3+2}{6}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{5}{6}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|2) &lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{6}+\frac{1}{4}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 2&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{5\cdot 4+6\cdot 1}{6\cdot 4}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{20+6}{24}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{26}{24}^{\;\div 2}_{\;\div 2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{13}{12}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|3) &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{7}+\frac{4}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 3&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{3\cdot 3+4\cdot 7}{3\cdot 7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{9+28}{21}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{37}{21}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|4) &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{6}+\frac{3}{2}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 4&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{2\cdot 2+6\cdot 3}{6\cdot 2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{4+18}{12}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{22}{12}^{\;\div 2}_{\;\div 2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{11}{6}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|5) &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{6}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 5&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{3\cdot 6-4\cdot 1}{4\cdot 6}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{18-4}{24}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{14}{24}^{\;\div 2}_{\;\div 2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{7}{12}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|6) &lt;math&gt;\frac{4}{5}-\frac{1}{20}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 6&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{4\cdot 20-5\cdot 1}{5\cdot 20}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{80-5}{100}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{75}{100}^{\;\div 5}_{\;\div 5}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{15}{20}^{\;\div 5}_{\;\div 5}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{3}{4}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|7) &lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{4}-\frac{2}{25}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 7&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{5\cdot 25-4\cdot 2}{4\cdot 25}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{125-8}{100}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{117}{100}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|8) &lt;math&gt;-\frac{7}{8}+\frac{3}{4}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 8&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{-7\cdot 4+8\cdot 3}{8\cdot 4}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{-28+24}{32}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{-4}{32}^{\;\div 4}_{\;\div 4}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=-\frac{1}{8}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

== Exercicis ==

Recull d'exercicis de tots els apartats.

1) Reparteix esbrinant el valor que toca a cadascú.

:a) Un formatge de 800 grams repartit per a 8 persones.

:b) 21 metres quadrats repartits per a 7 persones.

:c) 60 maons repartits per a 4 persones.

2) Indica el valor de cada fracció...

==Notas==
{{reflist|group=&quot;note&quot;}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Matemàtiques de primer d'ESO]]
[[Category:CA]]</text>
      <sha1>7wpkaidz4lfeblgwx45739wmecwdehn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>385260</id>
      <parentid>385259</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T11:12:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Profev</username>
        <id>36331</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Mètode de suma o resta en general */ +</comment>
      <origin>385260</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="59239" sha1="57d1sg50qkld88g9k3zandybj9ux4i7" xml:space="preserve">Aquesta secció analitza com s'efectuen els repartiments en general a la vida diària i les eines que podem utilitzar per millorar la eficiència descriptiva i analítica per a una acció comunicativa.

'''Objectius:'''

* Utilitzar diverses estratègies per repartir unitats o quantitats.

* Utilitzar mètodes d'aproximació decimal.

* Utilitzar diversos procediments per presentar els resultats.

* Utilitzar els múltiples i divisors de forma natural per abordar diversos problemes.

* Mostrar l'ampli us i aplicació de les matemàtiques a la vida quotidiana.

* Animar a la investigació amb totes aquestes eines.

* Conèixer fets històrics més rellevants adequant anècdotes.

* Apreciar i valorar cadascun dels objectius.

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Temporització per al docent&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
|-
|Es deixen plegats els possibles comentaris o explicacions que es poden fer, o determinades solucions que poden ser interessants. Es recomana no fer totes les explicacions plegades ja que moltes són elementals o redundants amb perill d'avorriment alt. Gradualment s'introduiran enllaços a noves direccions necessàries per accedir a nou coneixement.

La següent temporització està basat en que el material web s'hagi finalitzat amb tota la seva amplitud. La diferència entre les hores depèn del tipus d'alumnat, l'estratègia del docent i la suma d'hores esperada.

* Introducció: repàs de primaria si escau segons el tipus de classe de 0 a 1h.

* Història: amb una llegida i que l'interessat pugui preguntar o analitzar ½h a 1h.

:* Algunes activitats pràctiques dins l'esperit creatiu de l'alumne inspirat en els antics, lliure segons el docent.

* Repartiments d'unitats: sobre les fraccions unitat de 0 a 2h.

* Notació general de la fracció: utilització de la notació de fracció entera, 1h.

* Fraccions enteres: entendre i recordar conceptes de primaria per fixar-los, 1h.

* Producte i divisió de fraccions enteres: amb fraccions equivalents de 2h a 3h.

* Sumes i restes de fraccions enteres: amb mcm i mcd de 2h a 4h.

-en construcció-.
|}

== Introducció ==

Recordatori o bases intuïtiva de les operacions inverses.

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|Donada la suma 4+3=7. A partir del 7 i el 3, quina operació permet recuperar el 4?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|De fet es pot suposar que s'ha esborrat el 4 quedant &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?} + 3 =7.&lt;/math&gt;

Llavors per recuperar la xifra esborrada amb resta &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}=7-3&lt;/math&gt; donant 4 i ja està.

Es pot considerar i recordar el canvi de lloc del 3 com un '''moviment'''.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|Donada la resta &lt;math&gt;5-2=3.&lt;/math&gt; A partir del 3 i el 2, quina operació permet recuperar el 5?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Es pot suposar que s'ha esborrat el 5 quedant &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}-2=3.&lt;/math&gt;

Llavors per recuperar la xifra esborrada amb la suma &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}=3+2&lt;/math&gt; donant 5 i ja està.

En cas que s'esborri el 2: &lt;math&gt;5-\text{¿   ?}=3&lt;/math&gt; podem fer que &lt;math&gt;5=\text{¿   ?}+3&lt;/math&gt; i per tant que &lt;math&gt;5-3=\text{¿   ?}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|Podem concloure que ''la resta desfà la suma'' i ''que la suma desfà la resta''?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;| Sí clarament, només cal respectar l'ordre de les operacions.

'''Nota''': si jo sumo una quantitat per desfer-ho he de restar la mateixa quantitat i a l'invers.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|Donada la multiplicació &lt;math&gt;4\cdot 3=12.&lt;/math&gt; A partir del 12 i el 4 quina operació permet recuperar el 3?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Es pot suposar que s'ha esborrat el 3 quedant &lt;math&gt;4\cdot\text{¿   ?}=12.&lt;/math&gt;

Llavors l'operació és la divisió &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}=12\div 4&lt;/math&gt; donant 3 i ja està.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|Donada la divisió &lt;math&gt;6\div 3=2.&lt;/math&gt; A partir del 2 i el 3 quina operació permet recuperar el 6 inicial?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Es pot suposar que s'ha esborrat el 6 quedant &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}\div 3=2.&lt;/math&gt;

Llavors l'operació és la multiplicació &lt;math&gt;\text{¿   ?}=2\cdot 3&lt;/math&gt; donant 6 i ja està.

Pel cas &lt;math&gt;6\div\text{¿   ?}=2&lt;/math&gt; s'escriu com &lt;math&gt;6=2\cdot\text{¿   ?}&lt;/math&gt; i a la vegada com &lt;math&gt;6\div 2=\text{¿   ?}&lt;/math&gt; donant 3 i ja està.
|}

'''Mostres i exemples:'''

1.-Cal repartir 5 pomes per a cada una de les 8 persones d'una reunió.
*Quantes pomes hem repartit en total? Doncs en total són &lt;math&gt;5\times 8=40&lt;/math&gt; pomes.

Visualment:

{| cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid black;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;8\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|30px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;8\times 5\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:UnaManzana1.svg|20px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;40\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:UnaManzana1.svg|20px]]
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
|-
|Pluja d'idees d'adaptacions didàctiques. Nivell de primaria.

*Literalment, el dibuix mostra que 8 agrupacions idèntiques es poden canviar per un 8 que multiplica a la agrupació de 5 pomes. En un segon pas mostra com la agrupació de 5 pomes es pot canviar per un 5 que multiplica a una poma. Finalment observem que només hem de multiplicar 8 per 5 que dona 40 que és la quantitat de pomes que hem repartit en total.

*Es pot entendre com el primer factor comú que es pot fer intuïtivament:

{| cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid black;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]] + [[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;(1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1)\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]]
|}
{| cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid black;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;8\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:CincoManzanas1.svg|20px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;8\times (1+1+1+1+1)\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:UnaManzana1.svg|15px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;8\times 5\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:UnaManzana1.svg|15px]]
|=
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;40\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:UnaManzana1.svg|15px]]
|}

*Quan es pot fer això?
:a) Quan multipliquem xifres diferents
:b) Quan els elements a agrupar són iguals
:c) Per operar xifres petites
:d) Per operar xifres grans
:e) No importa les quantitats implicades

*Quines característiques es poden comparar per trobar aquesta simplificació?
:Forma, volum, pes, disposició, composició, olor, quantitat o nombre, color, textura, lluentor, pertinença, ... i qualsevol detall identificable per fer una comparació.
|}

2.-Tenim un espai rectangular de 6&amp;nbsp;m d'amplada i 7&amp;nbsp;m de llarg.
*Quants metres quadrats té aquest espai? Doncs en total tenim &lt;math&gt;6\times 7=42\,\,m^2.&lt;/math&gt;

{|align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid black;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
|
{|
|-
|
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;7&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;6&lt;/math&gt; 
|[[File:Cuadricula6x7simple.svg|98px]]
|}
|=
|
{|
|-
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;6&lt;/math&gt;
|[[File:Filas6x7cuadrados.svg|98px]]
|}
|=
|
{|
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;6\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:Fila7cuadrados.svg|98px]]
|}
|= &lt;math&gt;6\times 7\times&lt;/math&gt;[[File:Cuadrado20x20unico.svg|14px]]
|
|=
|&lt;math&gt;42\times&lt;/math&gt;
|[[File:Cuadrado20x20unico.svg|14px]]
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
|-
|Pluja d'idees d'adaptacions didàctiques. Nivell de primaria.

*Literalment, es vol veure quants quadradets té aquest rectangle. Així:
:*Es pot identificar que hi ha 6 tires idèntiques, llavors fem el recompte amb 6 multiplicat per una tira, però llavors com cada tira té 7 quadradets, llavors és el mateix que 6 multiplicat per 7 donant el nombre total de quadradets.
:*Aquest és el procediment més fàcil per calcular àrees rectangulars.
|}

;Pràctica immediata:

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|1.-S'ha repartit 40 pomes entre 8 persones. Quantes pomes toca a cadascú?
|-
|Doncs &lt;math&gt;40\div 8=5&lt;/math&gt; pomes a cada persona.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Orientació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|2.-Tenim un espai amb un àrea de &lt;math&gt;42\,\,m^2&lt;/math&gt; i 7&amp;nbsp;m de llarg. Quina és l'amplada de l'espai?
|-
|Doncs &lt;math&gt;42\div 7=6\,\,m.&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
|-
|width=&quot;500&quot;|3.-Càlcul aritmètic ràpid sense efectuar operacions:
||a) &lt;math&gt;8\times 327\div 8=&lt;/math&gt;
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;|
{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
|-
|width=&quot;250px&quot;|&lt;math&gt;a=327\;\; i\;\; b=138.&lt;/math&gt;
|}
|-
|||b) &lt;math&gt;138\div 3\times 3=&lt;/math&gt;
|}

Aquests fets i molts d'altres porten la necessitat de partir o fer parts, trossejar, dividir o fraccionar en peces iguals o en valors iguals diverses quantitats idealment per distribuir-les o repartir-les i inversament també porten a ajuntar, agrupar, unir, encaixar o reconstruir objectes diversos. Aquesta necessitat té com a conseqüència la introducció dels '''múltiples''', '''divisors''', '''fraccions''' i '''aproximacions''' com a eines necessàries per abordar diferents problemes.

== Història ==

Les fraccions apareix amb naturalitat amb el llenguatge. Hi ha registres d'aquestes fraccions a les primeres escriptures de les antigues civilitzacions. Els registres més coneguts són els quantitatius, on s'utilitzen diversos objectes amb valors fixos per anotar la mesura, permetent considerar unes mides com a fraccions d'unes altres gràcies a la relació exacta que té un objecte amb un altre. Els primers registres es van fer sobre diferents suports ja sigui en fang, escultures, escrits en papirs o altres mètodes de registre.

*Els sumeris, que ja escrivien entorn del 5000 a.c. i va anar evolucionant a la cuneïforme, van utilitzar peces de fang amb diferents formes i també inscripcions al fang amb dibuixos que és el nom del que han contat.

::[[File:Clay accounting ball with calculi, counters, and evolution of cuneiform - Oriental Institute Museum, University of Chicago - DSC07070.JPG|400px]]

* Els protoelamites veïns dels sumeris ja comerciaven amb aquestes fraccions:

::[[File:NumeraciónProtoelamita.svg|500px]]

* Els babilonis, que es van apropiar de l'escriptura sumèria, van utilitzar fraccions de 60 parts d'una unitat que més tard va acabar en un sistema sexagesimal molt potent.

::[[File:NumeraciónBabilónica.svg|500px]]

*Els egipcis van utilitzar fraccions d'una unitat amb una especie de quocient arbitrari. També van utilitzar símbols concrets com l'ull d'Horus per fer fraccions de potències de 2.

::[[File:Eye of Ra (fractions).svg|130px]]

*En altres latituds els Asteques havien registrat longituds de terrenys, utilitzant mitjos i cinquenes parts de la unitat de forma reduïda.

::[[File:NumeraciónAzteca.svg|230px]]

== Repartiments d'unitats ==
[[File:Queso fresco.JPG|200px|right]]
Donat un formatge sencer es vol repartir entre 6 persones.

:{|style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot;
|-
|
* Acció demanada: dividir aquesta unitat de formatge en 6 parts iguals.

Possibles solucions:

* Fer una divisió radial del formatge en 6 parts iguals.

* Si el formatge pesa 600 grams llavors només cal donar 100 grams a cadascú sense importar la forma, però els seu pes serà la característica que ha de ser igual.

El símbol ideal que s'utilitza és la fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{6}&lt;/math&gt;, on l'u al numerador fa referència a un formatge sencer i el sis del denominador indica les parts en que s'ha dividit.
|}

==== Notació de fracció entera unitaria ====

[[File:Numerador y denominador.svg|200px|right]]

Per escriure que ''una unitat es divideix en una quantitat de parts iguals'' s'ha d'utilitzar nombres sense decimals al denominador, es a dir nombres enters i diferents de zero, i fem servir la notació:

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; width=&quot;75%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Més&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{n}&lt;/math&gt;, on '''1''' és el '''numerador''', dividend o valor a dividir, i '''n''' és el '''denominador''', divisor o valor enter que divideix però &lt;math&gt;n\neq 0.&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|[[File:Solar-calculator.jpg|90px|right]]

Tota fracció és un nombre decimal. Per calcular el seu valor decimal amb la calculadora s'ha d'escriure:

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 1\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline /\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline n\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline =\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:També

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 1\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline \div \\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline n\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline =\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;.

'''Exemple''': &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{6}=0,166666666666666666666...=0,1\widehat{6}&lt;/math&gt;

Els egipcis van desenvolupar un altra notació que indica les parts d'una unitat arbitràriament:

{| align=&quot;center&quot; border=0
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓐝&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{2},&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;30px&quot;|
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓏼𓂋&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{3},&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;30px&quot;|
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓏽𓂋&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{4},&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;30px&quot;|
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓐃𓂋&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{5},&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;30px&quot;|
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓏿𓂋&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{6},&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;30px&quot;|...
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:35px;&quot;&gt;𓎆𓂋&lt;/span&gt; &lt;math&gt;= \frac{1}{10}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

A el regla de la imatge teniu escrites i detallades les fraccions sobre una vara de fusta especial i sota les fraccions es pot apreciar l'esforç artesà de dividir la unitat fixada.

[[file:Measuring ruler-N 1538-IMG 4492-transparent.png.jpeg|900px]]
|}

===== Exemples de fracció unitària =====

{| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ffe&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot;|'''Nombres'''
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot;|'''Cercle'''
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|'''Ortoedre'''
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|'''Rectangle'''
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot;|'''Mètric'''
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ddf&quot;|'''Conjunt'''
|-
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Fracció
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Decimal
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|&lt;math&gt;60^\circ&lt;/math&gt;
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Radial
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Grup
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Tires
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Longituds
| style=&quot;border: 1px solid grey;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#eef&quot;|Unitats
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0,5&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;30'&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:IconoMitadMedio1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:MedioOrtoedro1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:IconoMedioRec1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:MediaParteTira.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:MediaUnidad1.svg|250px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:UnaMitad.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0,25&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;15'&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:IconoCuarto1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:CuartoOrtoedro1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:IconoCuartoRec1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:CuartaParteTira.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:CuartaUnidad1.svg|250px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:UnaCuartaParte.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{5}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0,2&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;12'&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:IconoQuinto1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:QuintoOrtoedro1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:IconoQuintoRec1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:QuintaParteTira.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:QuintaUnidad1.svg|250px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{8}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0,125&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;7'30''&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:IconoOctavo1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:OctavoOrtoedro1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:IconoOctavaRec1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:OctavaParteTira.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:OctavaUnidad1.svg|250px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:UnaOctavaParte.svg|100px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{100}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0,01&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:150%&quot;&gt;&lt;math&gt;0'36''&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:IconoCentesima1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[file:centavoOrtoedro1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:IconoCentesimaRec1.svg|90px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|[[File:CentesimaUnidad1.svg|250px|center]]
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaf;&quot;|
|-
|colspan=&quot;8&quot;|
{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;  align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Explicació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Tanca&quot;
|-
|Detallat per columnes &lt;math&gt;\Rightarrow&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|
Sense oblidar de demanar mai quina és la unitat seleccionada a dividir amb fraccions tenim el següent:

*La 1a columna mostra les fraccions, a la següent columna el seu valor decimal i seguidament les fraccions de graus/hores com '''unitat''' del sistema sexagesimal; de fet aritmèticament les dues primeres són el mateix, però una fracció té més informació i indica la procedència d'aquest valor decimal.

*La 4a columna mostra les fraccions com una divisió radial on el cercle és la '''unitat''', també té moltes variants una d'aquestes és la divisió radial del semicercle com a '''unitat''' utilitzat a les eleccions al parlament per la semblança amb aquest físicament.

*La 5a columna mostra divisions dins d'un ortoedre(les cares fan 90 graus amb les veïnes com un maó o un bric sense cares inclinades) o també un cub. Un cop donada la '''unitat'' a tallar els talls es poden fer de diverses maneres sempre que el producte de dividir siguin figures de igual volum.

*La 6a columna mostra divisions dins d'una figura plana rectangular o quadrada que és la '''unitat''' dividida lliurement en parts iguals verticalment, horitzontalment o barrejant a voluntat; és important que els bocins resultat siguin trossos de igual forma.

*La 7a columna mostra divisions dins una tira que és la '''unitat''', representat com a una cadena de rectangles i no deixa de ser un rectangle molt estirat.

*La 8a columna mostra divisions identificant les fraccions sobre una '''unitat''' arbitrària longitudinal com si fos una tira i podria ser un metre, un mil·límetre, un kilòmetre, etc.

*La 9a columna mostra '''una unitat''' de diverses figures, cada figura no afavoreix la divisió individualment, en aquest cas es fan fraccions de 8 figures que es representen una la unitat i s'encercla el que es considera una fracció de 8 figures.

S'ha de deixar molt clar quina és la unitat, sense ella no hi ha manera de començar a fer particions sense caure en errors.

Algunes imatges molt carregades s'han ignorat, això no vol dir que no existeixi.
|}
|}

===== Aplicació de les fraccions =====

L'objectiu primari de les fraccions és aplicar-les directament a les quantitats destinades.

;'''Com s'apliquen aquestes fraccions?'''

:Doncs multiplicant-les pel valor a repartir:

:* Si es vol repartir dos metres de cinta adhesiva entre 8 persones, llavors hi ha dos opcions equivalents:

::* Dividint &lt;math&gt;2\div 8&lt;/math&gt; donant 0,25 metres o 25 centímetres.

::* Multiplicant &lt;math&gt;2\times\tfrac{1}{8}&lt;/math&gt; és a dir &lt;math&gt;2\times 0,125&lt;/math&gt; donant 0,25 metres o 25 centímetres.

:* Si es vol repartir 350 litres de llet entre 10 persones, llavors:

::* Dividint &lt;math&gt;350\div 10&lt;/math&gt; donant 35 litres.

::* Multiplicant &lt;math&gt;350\times\tfrac{1}{10}&lt;/math&gt; és a dir &lt;math&gt;350\times 0,1&lt;/math&gt; donant 35 litres.

Que es pugui fer de dues maneres és perquè podem multiplicar 350 per l'u abans que dividir &lt;math&gt;350\times\tfrac{1}{10}=350\times 1\div 10= 350\div 10&lt;/math&gt; això justifica la notació general:
:::&lt;math&gt;a\times\tfrac{1}{b}=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}=\tfrac{1}{b}\times a&lt;/math&gt;
on estudiarem &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt; i &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt; sense decimals.

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; width=&quot;75%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Més&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;
|-
|[[File:Accessories-calculator Faenza.svg|left|30px]]La '''inversa''' de la multiplicació de nombres per calculadores científiques és &lt;math&gt;n^{-1}=\tfrac{1}{n}=(1\div n)&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Exemple:

* Si es vol repartir 140 caramels entre 20 persones llavors multiplico per la inversa &lt;math&gt;140\times 20^{-1}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=140\times (1\div 20)&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=140\times 0'05&lt;/math&gt; = 7 caramels per cadascú.

Algunes calculadores científiques poden fer directament &lt;math&gt;\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 1\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 4\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 0\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline \times\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 2\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 0\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline x^{-1}\\ \hline \end{array}\begin{array}{|c|}\hline =\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

;'''Multiplicació per augmentar o reduir?'''

: En multiplicar 3 per un nombre positiu més gran que 1 com el '''10''', llavors aquest 3 creix o augmenta fins a 30.

::[[File:Lente001.jpg|300px]] &lt;math&gt;3\xrightarrow{\;\;\;\times 10\;\;\;}30&lt;/math&gt;

: En multiplicar 3 per un nombre positiu més petit que 1 com el '''0'2''', llavors aquest 3 decreix o disminueix fins a 0'6.

::[[File:Lente002.jpg|300px]] &lt;math&gt;3\xrightarrow{\;\;\;\times 0'2\;\;\;}0,6&lt;/math&gt;

=== Fraccions enteres ===

Aquesta secció presenta la notació actual de '''fracció''' que evita o simplifica la multiplicació d'una fracció unitària per un nombre, o també evita la suma de moltes fraccions unitàries idèntiques, estalviant així temps i agilitzant operacions secundàries.

==== Notació de fracció ====

{|align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#ddf&quot;|'''Tipus de fraccions'''
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd;background:#f4f4ff&quot;|Model
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd;background:#f4f4ff&quot;|Nom
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{b}&lt;/math&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|'''unitària'''
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\,\,i\,\,a&lt;b&lt;/math&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|'''pròpia'''
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\,\,i\,\,a&gt;b&lt;/math&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbd&quot;|'''impròpia'''
|}

Per escriure que ''un valor arbitrari es divideix en una quantitat de parts iguals'' fem servir la notació general de fraccions:

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; width=&quot;75%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Més&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\dfrac{a}{b}&lt;/math&gt;, on '''ɑ''' és el '''numerador''', dividend o valor a dividir, i '''b''' és el '''denominador''', divisor o valor que divideix però no nul, es a dir, diferent de zero, &lt;math&gt;b\neq 0.&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|

{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot;  width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Nivell pro&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;
|-
|La fracció demana les '''vegades que el valor &lt;math&gt;b&lt;/math&gt; està dins del valor &lt;math&gt;a&lt;/math&gt;''' amb aquesta pregunta es pot reconstruir el mecanisme de les divisions que coneixem.
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #fbb&quot;|Es vol repartir 19€ entre 8 persones, per tant, tenim la fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{19}{8}&lt;/math&gt; i vull obtenir el seu valor decimal per saber quant toca a cadascú:

Es veu que 8 cap 2 vegada com a màxim dins de 19, es a dir, que &lt;math&gt;8\times 2&lt; 19&lt;/math&gt; i sobra un 3 que falta dividir entre 8 que s'escriu com:&lt;ref group=&quot;note&quot; name=&quot;cap&quot;/&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{19}{8}=2+\frac{3}{8}&lt;/math&gt;

::Es llegeix com que cada persona rep 2€ i falten 3€ a repartir entre les 8 persones.

S'ha de descanviar 3€ en dècimes d'euro, així, 3€ = 30 dècimes per repartir-les entre 8 persones, per tant, tenim la fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{30}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

Novament es veu que 8 cap 3 vegades com a màxim dins de 30, és a dir, que &lt;math&gt;8\times 3&lt; 30&lt;/math&gt; i sobra un 6 que falta dividir entre 8 que s'escriu com:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{30}{8}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=3+\frac{6}{8}&lt;/math&gt;

::Es llegeix com que cada persona rep 3 dècimes d'euro i falta 6 dècimes a repartir entre 8 persones.

S'ha de descanviar 6 dècimes d'euro, així, 6 dècimes = 60 cèntims per repartir-les entre 8 persones, per tant, tenim la fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{60}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

Novament es veu que 8 cap 7 vegades com a màxim dins de 60, és a dir, que &lt;math&gt;8\times 7&lt; 60&lt;/math&gt; i sobra un 4 que falta dividir entre 8 que s'escriu com:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{60}{8}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=7+\frac{4}{8}&lt;/math&gt;

::Es llegeix com que cada persona rep 7 cèntims i sobren 4 cèntims a repartir entre 8 persones.

S'ha de descanviar 4 cèntims, així, 4 cèntims són 40 mil·lèsimes d'euro, unitat que no existeix, per tant, tenim la fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{40}{8}.&lt;/math&gt;

Novament es veu que 8 cap exactament 5 vegades dins de 40 ja que &lt;math&gt;8\times 5=40.&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{40}{8}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=5&lt;/math&gt;

::Es llegeix com que cada persona rep 5 mil·lèsimes d'euro.

El resultat és docs &lt;math&gt;\frac{19}{8}=2+0'3+0'07+0'005=2,375\euro&lt;/math&gt; són les vegades que 8 està dins de 19 amb tots els decimals.
|}

Tota fracció impròpia es pot escriure com un nombre més una fracció pròpia &lt;math&gt;s+\tfrac{a}{b}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=s\;\;^a/_b,&lt;/math&gt; on &lt;math&gt;a&lt;b&lt;/math&gt; d'aquesta suma en diem '''nombres mixtos''':

:A partir de la suma de fraccions unitàries del mateix tipus:

::&lt;math&gt;\underbrace{\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}}_{=1}+\underbrace{\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}}_{=1}+\underbrace{\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}}_{=1}+\underbrace{\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}+\tfrac{1}{4}}_{=3\times\tfrac{1}{4}=\tfrac{3}{4}}=3+\tfrac{3}{4}=3\;\;^3/_4&lt;/math&gt;

:Interpretació a partir de nombres decimals:

::&lt;math&gt;3,5=3+\tfrac{1}{2}=3\;\;^1/_2&lt;/math&gt; es pot desfer fent &lt;math&gt;=\dfrac{3\times 2+1}{2}=\tfrac{7}{2}.&lt;/math&gt;

::&lt;math&gt;2,75=2+\tfrac{3}{4}=2\;\;^3/_4&lt;/math&gt; es pot desfer fent &lt;math&gt;=\dfrac{2\times 4+3}{4}=\tfrac{11}{4}.&lt;/math&gt;

::&lt;math&gt;7,8=7+\tfrac{4}{5}=7\;\;^4/_5&lt;/math&gt; es pot desfer fent &lt;math&gt;=\dfrac{7\times 5+4}{5}=\tfrac{39}{5}.&lt;/math&gt;

'''Nota''': Que una fracció sigui impròpia no la fa prohibida, una alternativa és amagar-la en la forma fracció mixta, això no impedeix la seva existència implícita.

S'ha d'interpretar i conèixer bé aquesta notació, ja que, és una forma d'escriure el mateix:

:&lt;math&gt;a\div b=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;a\times \frac{1}{b}=\frac{a\times 1}{b}=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{b}\times a=\frac{1\times a}{b}=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;1=a\div a=\dfrac{a}{a}&lt;/math&gt;

'''Exemple intuïtiu:''' Si repartim 310 pans entre 310 persones hem de fer &lt;math&gt;\dfrac{310\,\,Pans}{310\,\,Persones}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\dfrac{1\,\,Pa}{1\,\,Persona}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=1\dfrac{Pa}{Persona}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=1\;\;^{Pa}/_{Persona}&lt;/math&gt; que es llegeix ''un pa '''per''' cada persona''.

Si multipliquem una fracció pel número '''1''' no tenim cap canvi.

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\times 1=\frac{a\times 1}{b}=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;1\times\frac{a}{b}=\frac{1\times a}{b}=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{a}{b}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

;Exemples d'aplicació de la notació:

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;75%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|1) Sumes de fraccions iguals &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}=?&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Es demana ajuntar parts o trossos iguals per tant

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=5\times\frac{1}{3}&lt;/math&gt;  &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{5}{3}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

Utilitzant decimals és més elaborat:

::&lt;math&gt;0'\widehat{3\,}+0'\widehat{3\,}+0'\widehat{3\,}+0'\widehat{3\,}+0'\widehat{3\,}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=5\times 0'\widehat{3\,}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 1'\widehat{6\,}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

és a dir que en realitat &lt;math&gt;5\div 3&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=1'\widehat{6\,}.&lt;/math&gt;

Quin és el millor? doncs depèn de la situació pot ser un o l'altre.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|2) Sumes de fraccions mateix denominador: &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{7}+\frac{2}{7}=?&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Només cal interpretar cada fracció per separat per adonar-se que són totes iguals:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{7}+\frac{2}{7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\bigg(\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}\bigg)+\bigg(\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{7}\bigg)&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{5}{7}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

S'ha de recordar que com que tot són sumes llavors podem treure els parèntesis i es sumar tranquil·lament.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|3) Restes de fraccions mateix denominador: &lt;math&gt;\frac{4}{5}-\frac{3}{5}=?&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Només cal interpretar cada fracció per separat per adonar-se que són totes iguals:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{4}{5}-\frac{3}{5}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\bigg(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}\bigg)+\bigg(-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{5}\bigg)&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline\dfrac{1}{5}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

Podem treure els parèntesis i es resta tranquil·lament.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|4) Quants setens hi ha a l'expressió: &lt;math&gt;\frac{13}{7}?&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Només cal entendre que el numerador parla de quants setens tenim, en aquest cas 13 setens.
|}

;Interpretacions de &lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}:&lt;/math&gt;

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Exemples&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
*Quantitat de vegades que '''b''' cap dins de '''ɑ'''.&lt;ref group=&quot;note&quot; name=&quot;cap&quot;&gt;Direm que &quot;3 '''cap''' 4 vegades dins 13&quot;, abusant del llenguatge, es refereix a les vegades que puc '''ocupar en grup de 3 espais''' sense sobrepassar els '''13 espais donats'''
&lt;/ref&gt;
::[[File:Interpretando una fracción 001.svg|100px]] &lt;math&gt;\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=6&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|'''Exemple 1''': Es vol fer un estudi més general sobre distribució d'espai, en primer lloc s'analitzen 13 places d'aparcament de cotxes i es vol estudiar quants '''grups de 3''' cotxes cap a dins, és a dir, omplir-lo de 3 en 3, visualment amb un dibuix ja es veu la solució:

[[File:Estacionamiento en línea 001.svg|center|300]]

:Amb una divisió entera també tindrem la solució &lt;math&gt;\begin{matrix}
13 &amp; 
\begin{array}{|c} 3 \\ \hline \end{array} \\
1 &amp; 4
\end{matrix}&lt;/math&gt; i el resultat diu que cap 4 grups de 3 cotxes i sobra un espai.

:Amb calculadora &lt;math&gt;\frac{13\;places}{3\;places\;agrupades}=4,\widehat{3\,},&lt;/math&gt; per tant, són 4 agrupacions i els decimals &lt;math&gt;0'\widehat{3\,}&lt;/math&gt; només indiquen que han sobrat espais, per recuperar aquest espai residual s'ha de multiplicar per 3 donant &lt;math&gt;0'\widehat{3\,}\times 3=1&lt;/math&gt; lloc.

[[File:Huevera o caja de una docena de huevos 00.jpg|100px|right]]

'''Exemple 2''': S'estudia una ouera per a una dotzena d'ous i 5 gallines que donen 1 ou diari cadascuna. Es vol saber en quants dies s'ocupa aquesta ouera i, per tant, necessitaré una nova ouera. Esquema on visualment ja es veu la solució:

::[[File:IconoDoceavoRecV01.svg|150px]]

:Amb una divisió entera també tindrem la solució &lt;math&gt;\begin{matrix}
12 &amp; 
\begin{array}{|c} 5 \\ \hline \end{array} \\
2 &amp; 2
\end{matrix}&lt;/math&gt; i el resultat diu que en 2 dies s'omple la ouera i sobren 2 espais, i per tant necessitarem una de nova.

:Amb calculadora &lt;math&gt;\frac{12\;espais}{5\;espais\;per\;dia\;ocupats}=2'4,&lt;/math&gt; per tant, en 2 dies s'ocupa aquesta primera ouera i els decimals 0'4 només indiquen que han sobrat espais, en aquest cas sobren &lt;math&gt;0'4\times 5=2&lt;/math&gt; llocs.

'''Nota:''' Aquests exemples són expressament molt fàcils i es poden veure a ull però amb valors més grans és difícil de fer-lo a ull. Identifiqueu la idea més simple que dona. També es por fer un resum amb les pròpies paraules.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Exemples&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
*Valor de cadascuna de les '''b''' parts iguals que es poden fer del valor '''ɑ'''.
::[[File:Interpretando una fracción 002.svg|100px]] &lt;math&gt;\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=4&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Exemple 1: Es vol destinar un espai de 60 metres per a estacionament de vehicles en línia (un davant de l'altre). Quants metres tindria cada aparcament si es vol fer-ne 15? i si es vol fer-ne 18?

:Si es vol 15, s'ha de fer la divisió &lt;math&gt;\frac{60\;m}{15\;espais}=4\frac{m}{espai},&lt;/math&gt; per tant 4 metres per espai.

:Si es vol 18, s'ha de fer la divisió &lt;math&gt;\frac{60\;m}{18\;espais}=3,\widehat{3\,}\frac{m}{espai},&lt;/math&gt; per tant 3,333 metres per espai aproximadament.

'''Nota:''' Evidentment si es vol anar directament a una mesura com 3 metres per aparcament s'aplica la idea anterior &lt;math&gt;\frac{60\;m}{3\;m}=20\;aparcaments.&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Explicació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
*Per cada '''b''' elements d'un conjunt n'agafem '''ɑ''' elements o ,equivalentment, agafem '''ɑ''' elements per cada '''b''' elements d'un conjunt.
::[[File:Interpretando una fracción 003.svg|400px]] &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{20}&lt;/math&gt; del motiu és verd.
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Aquí només cal dir que es considera que el fris decoratiu és molt gran, llavors només cal identificar el '''motiu''' que es repeteix i construir una fracció a partir del que es demana d'ell.

També es pot fer una equivalència amb:

*'''b''' és el total de elements d'un '''conjunt unitat''' divisible, i '''ɑ''' és la quantitat que es necessita.

:*&lt;math&gt;\frac{parts\;escollides}{total\;de\;parts\;escollibles}&lt;/math&gt;

:*&lt;math&gt;\frac{elements\;seleccionats}{tots\;els\;elements\;seleccionables}&lt;/math&gt;

:*&lt;math&gt;\frac{parts\;pintades}{total\;de\;parts\;pintables}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Explicació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|
*A partir de '''b''' s'obté el tipus d'elements utilitzats i '''ɑ''' els elements que es necessiten.
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Aquesta darrera interpretació és la més general i la que produeix fraccions impròpies de forma natural.

Quan es diu que a partir de '''b''' s'obté el tipus d'elements, està parlant de que els elements són &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{b}&lt;/math&gt; com a una ''unitat fraccionària''.

Si es demanen 400 pans d'un quart, ¿Quant pesa?. Llavors el que es fa és &lt;math&gt;400\times\frac{1}{4}=&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;\frac{400}{4}=&lt;/math&gt; 100&amp;nbsp;kg.

A algunes aplicacions parlen que és necessari &lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{5}&lt;/math&gt; per arribar a un objectiu, només cal observar que '''la unitat desitjada està formada per 5 elements''', llavors:

* Si es diu que hi ha &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{5}&lt;/math&gt; del que es desitja, vol dir que hi ha la cinquena part de la unitat de 5 elements, és a dir, tens un sol element i es demanen 5.

* Si es diu que hi ha &lt;math&gt;\frac{55}{5}&lt;/math&gt; del que es desitja, vol dir que hi ha 55 cinquenes parts de la unitat de 5 elements, és a dir, sobren 50 elements.
|}

===== Exemples =====

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|1) Un comprador fa una comanda de 15 trossos d'un mateix tipus de formatge, aquest formatge es ven en mitjos de formatge. A quants formatges sencers equival la compra feta realment? escriu-lo en nombres mixtos i després en nombres decimals.
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Com que 15 no es pot dividir entre 2 llavors apartem un dels 15 i obtenim 14.

:Directament separem un mig dels 15 que tinc &lt;math&gt;15\times\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{14}{2}+\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

:Es calcula els 14 mitjos: &lt;math&gt;=\frac{14}{2}+\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 7+\dfrac{1}{2}.\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

:I amb decimals &lt;math&gt;=7+\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt; = 7 + 0'5 &lt;math&gt;=\begin{array}{|c|}\hline 7'5.\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;

De fet la divisió entera ens diu com és el nombre, el residu 1 és l'u d'aquest un mig:

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{matrix}
15 &amp; \begin{array}{|c}2\\ \hline \end{array}\\
1 &amp; 7 
\end{matrix} \;\;\;\Rightarrow\;\;\; \frac{15}{2}=7+\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|2) Un home es menja la meitat d'una pizza, després té més gana però només es menja l'equivalent a un quart de la pizza inicial. Quina fracció s'ha menjat realment respecte de la pizza unitat?
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Si es representa clarament el mig és el mateix que dos quarts

[[File:Fracción suma 1 de 4 i 1 de 2.svg|200px|center]]

Per tant en comptes de &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt; el que realment tinc és &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4}&lt;/math&gt; i que sumant dona &lt;math&gt;\begin{array}{|c|}\hline \dfrac{3}{4}\\ \hline \end{array}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|3) Suposant que el fris és indefinidament llarg. Quina fracció del fris és de color verd?
[[File:Friso de triángulos equiláteros 0001.svg|600px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|El patró que es repeteix és el parell verd-carbassa; de dos triangles un és verd, per tant, &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{2}&lt;/math&gt; del fris és de color verd.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|4) Suposant que el fris és indefinidament llarg. Quina fracció del fris és de color verd i quina no és de color verd?
[[File:Friso de triángulos equiláteros 0002.svg|600px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Doncs com que el patró que es repeteix és verd-carbassa-blau cel-carbassa; de quatre triangles un és verd, per tant, &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}&lt;/math&gt; del fris és verd i &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{4}&lt;/math&gt; del fris no és verd.
|}

{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#fff&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Amaga&quot;
|-
|5) Suposant que el fris és indefinidament llarg. Quina fracció del fris és de color verd i quina no és de color verd?
[[File:Friso de triángulos equiláteros 0003.svg|600px|center]]
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Doncs com que el patró que es repeteix és verd-carbassa-carbassa; de tres triangles un és verd, per tant, &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}&lt;/math&gt; del fris és verd i &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{3}&lt;/math&gt; del fris no és verd.
|}

==== Sumes i restes de fraccions enteres ====

{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 2px solid #77d;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\,\,\frac{a}{n}+\frac{b}{n}=\frac{a+b}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\,\,\frac{a}{n}-\frac{b}{n}=\frac{a-b}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;-\frac{a}{n}+\frac{b}{n}=\frac{-a+b}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;-\frac{a}{n}-\frac{b}{n}=\frac{-a-b}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|
{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;border: 0px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Demostració&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;
|-
|
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #bbf;background:#fff&quot;|Aquesta demostració val per tots, només cal repetir l'estratègia de interpretar la notació:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{n}+\frac{b}{n}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\underbrace{ \underbrace{\frac{1}{n}+\cdots+\frac{1}{n}}_a+\underbrace{\frac{1}{n}+\cdots+\frac{1}{n}}_b}_{a+b}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{a+b}{n}&lt;/math&gt;
|}
|}

'''Exercicis:'''

1) Quina és la quantitat total resultant a cada cas:

:a) S'ha venut els formatges indicats: &lt;math&gt;4+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=&lt;/math&gt;

:b) S'han repartit els següents trossos de barres de pa de 2kg: &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;

:c) En una capsa tenim un pastís dividit en 35 trossos, per repartir-la entre els seus companys, Marta agafa 5, Josep n'agafa 10, Pere n'agafa 10 i Joan es menja 3. Quina fracció de pastís queda per repartir?

:d) Un restaurador suma l'àrea les fraccions de rajoles restaurades, cada rajola té 1 metre quadrats que ha restaurat: &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{5}{4}=&lt;/math&gt;

:e*canviar) Un venedor de farines ven les següents quantitats en fraccions de kilograms: &lt;math&gt;4+\frac{2}{10}+\frac{3}{100}+\frac{7}{1000}=&lt;/math&gt;

:e) Volem saber quina és la fracció total de cada tipus de rajola de cadascun dels recobriments següents, pistes:

::* Imaginem que els dibuixos són recobriments extensos i hem dibuixat un trosset petit de com es repeteix el dibuix.

::* S'ha de prendre com a unitat un '''tros''' del dibuix, anomenat patró, amb el qual es pot fer o dibuixar tot el recobriment i deduir les fraccions de tot, només a partir d'aquest tros ben escollit.

:::{|cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot;
|-
|c.1) [[File:Revestimiento0006.svg|200px]]
|c.2) [[File:Revestimiento0005.svg|200px]]
|-
|c.3) [[File:Revestimiento0007.svg|200px]]
|c.4) [[File:Revestimiento0001.svg|200px]]
|-
|c.5) [[File:Revestimiento0002.svg|200px]]
|c.6) [[File:Revestimiento0004.svg|200px]]
|-
|c.7) [[File:Revestimiento0003.svg|200px]]
|}

2) Calculeu la operació indicada:

{|
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:a) &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{5}+\frac{2}{5}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:b) &lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{5}-\frac{1}{5}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:c) &lt;math&gt;\frac{8}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:d) &lt;math&gt;-\frac{6}{3}+\frac{5}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:e) &lt;math&gt;\frac{9}{10}+\frac{1}{10}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
:f) &lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{8}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{6}{8}=&lt;/math&gt;
|}

==== Multiplicació de fraccions ====

{|class=&quot;floatright&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #08f&quot; width=&quot;149&quot;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #08f&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a\cdot c}{c\cdot d}=\frac{a\cdot \color{red}{\cancel c}}{\color{red}{\cancel c} \color{black}\cdot d}=\frac{a}{d}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #08f&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{\,\,\frac{a}{b}\,\,}{\frac{c}{d}}=\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{d}{c}&lt;/math&gt;

&lt;math&gt;=\frac{a}{b}\div\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot c}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

{|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;8&quot; width=&quot;120&quot;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

'''Exemples'''

1) &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{5}\cdot\frac{3}{7}=\frac{2\cdot 3}{5\cdot 7}=\frac{6}{35}&lt;/math&gt;

2) &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{5}\cdot\frac{4}{3}=\frac{2\cdot 4}{5\cdot 3}=\frac{8}{15}&lt;/math&gt;


===== Reducció de fraccions =====

Tenim una fracció &lt;math&gt;\frac{p}{q}&lt;/math&gt; amb '''p''' i '''q''' divisibles per c, és a dir que '''p = a · c''' i '''q = b · c''', llavors es compleix que:

{|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #77d; background:#f8f8ff&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;8&quot; width=&quot;195&quot;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{p}{q}=\frac{a\cdot c}{b\cdot c}=\frac{a\cdot\cancel c}{b\cdot\cancel c}=\frac{a}{b}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

;Exemples:

1) &lt;math&gt;\frac{6}{15}=\frac{2\cdot\cancel 3}{5\cdot\cancel 3}=\frac{2}{3}&lt;/math&gt;

2) &lt;math&gt;\frac{8}{6}=\frac{4\cdot\cancel 2}{3\cdot\cancel 2}=\frac{4}{3}&lt;/math&gt;

3) &lt;math&gt;\frac{30}{70}=\frac{10\cdot 3}{10\cdot 7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{\cancel{10}\cdot 3}{\cancel{10}\cdot 7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{3}{7}&lt;/math&gt;

4) &lt;math&gt;\frac{49}{35}=\frac{7\cdot 7}{5\cdot 7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{7\cdot \cancel 7}{5\cdot \cancel 7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{7}{5}&lt;/math&gt;

;Exercicis de multiplicacions i divisions:

{|
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
1) &lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{6}\cdot\frac{2}{5}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
2) &lt;math&gt;\frac{8}{3}\cdot\frac{6}{4}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
3) &lt;math&gt;\frac{4}{15}\cdot\frac{3}{12}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
4) &lt;math&gt;\frac{100}{7}\cdot\frac{14}{200}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
5) &lt;math&gt;\frac{\,\,\frac{3}{4}\,\,}{\frac{3}{4}}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
6) &lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{5}\div\frac{4}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
7) &lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}\div\frac{4}{9}=&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
8) &lt;math&gt;\frac{\,\,\frac{25}{3}\,\,}{\frac{5}{3}}=&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;300&quot;|
9) &lt;math&gt;\frac{\frac{1}{5}-\frac{3}{5}}{\frac{7}{5}}=&lt;/math&gt;
|}

;Exercicis de reducció:

1) &lt;math&gt;\frac{128}{8}=&lt;/math&gt;

2) &lt;math&gt;\frac{60}{12}=&lt;/math&gt;

3) &lt;math&gt;\frac{45}{18}=&lt;/math&gt;

4) Són equivalents les fraccions següents?

'''Nota:''' dues fraccions són equivalents quan en reduir-les surt la mateixa fracció. Aquest terme s'utilitza per evitar dir '''iguals''' ja que simbòlicament no ho són.

:a)&lt;math&gt;\frac{500}{70}&lt;/math&gt; i &lt;math&gt;\frac{100}{14}&lt;/math&gt;

:b)&lt;math&gt;\frac{42}{66}&lt;/math&gt; i &lt;math&gt;\frac{21}{11}&lt;/math&gt;

:c)&lt;math&gt;\frac{128}{8}&lt;/math&gt; i &lt;math&gt;\frac{16}{1}&lt;/math&gt;

==== Sumes i restes de fraccions ====

;Observació:

{|width=&quot;100%&quot;
|width=&quot;40&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;100&quot;|
{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000&quot;
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;86&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;86&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;86&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|}
|width=&quot;40&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|
&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt;
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;95&quot;|

{|
|width=&quot;20&quot;|
|width=&quot;40&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\leftarrow 3\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|width=&quot;20&quot;|
&lt;math&gt;\begin{matrix}\uparrow\\
4 \\
\downarrow \end{matrix}&lt;/math&gt;
|width=&quot;70&quot;|
{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000&quot;
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|width=&quot;22&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|width=&quot;20&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|}
|}

|width=&quot;40&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;math&gt;=\frac{7}{12}&lt;/math&gt;
|
|-
|width=&quot;40&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{4}\rightarrow&lt;/math&gt;
|
{|cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000&quot;
|width=&quot;64&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#00f&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;60&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;60&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|-
|width=&quot;60&quot; height=&quot;20&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #000;background:#fff&quot;|
|}
|}

Explicació de l'esquema: S'ha de veure que els terços casualment són divisions verticals, els quarts són divisions horitzontals i quan volem sumar tots dos l'únic que cal és fer les divisions una sobre l'altra. Es veu clarament que un terç són 4 quadradets i un quart són 3 quadradets de un total de 12, per tant el resultat és &lt;math&gt;\frac{7}{12}.&lt;/math&gt;

===== Mètode de suma o resta en general =====

Sempre es pot fer aquests procediments i s'ha de reduir sempre que es pugui:

1r Mètode sense miraments:

{|cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|style=&quot;border: 2px solid #88f;&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\pm\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot d}\pm\frac{b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}=\frac{a\cdot d\pm b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Més extensament&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|
{|bgcolor=&quot;#f0f6ff&quot;
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot d}+\frac{b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}=\frac{a\cdot d+b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}-\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot d}-\frac{b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}=\frac{a\cdot d-b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;-\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{d}=-\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot d}+\frac{b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}=\frac{-a\cdot d+b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;-\frac{a}{b}-\frac{c}{d}=-\frac{a\cdot d}{b\cdot d}-\frac{b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}=\frac{-a\cdot d-b\cdot c}{b\cdot d}&lt;/math&gt;
|}
|}

2n Mètode eficient:

{|cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|style=&quot;border: 2px solid #88f;&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}\pm\frac{c}{d}=\frac{ a\cdot\frac{mcm}{b}\pm c\cdot\frac{mcm}{d} }{mcm}&lt;/math&gt; on '''mcm(b,d)''' és el mínim comú múltiple.
|-
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Més extensament&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|
{|bgcolor=&quot;#f0f6ff&quot;
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{d}=\frac{ a\cdot\frac{mcm}{b}+c\cdot\frac{mcm}{d} }{mcm}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\frac{a}{b}-\frac{c}{d}=\frac{ a\cdot\frac{mcm}{b}-c\cdot\frac{mcm}{d} }{mcm}&lt;/math&gt;
|}
|}

3r Mètode del espavilat:

Es tracta de fer expressament que tots els denominadors siguin iguals multiplicant pel numerador i denominador per un número. Si es veu difícil apliqueu l'anterior i segur que està bé.

{|cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|style=&quot;border: 2px solid #88f;&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{4}+\frac{3}{8}-\frac{5}{16}=\frac{3\cdot 4}{4\cdot 4}+\frac{3\cdot 2}{8\cdot 2}-\frac{5}{16}=\frac{12}{16}+\frac{6}{16}-\frac{5}{16}=\frac{13}{16}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Explicació&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|
{|bgcolor=&quot;#f0f6ff&quot;
|Fixem-nos en els denominadors 4, 8 i 16.

*Es pot veure que el 4 l'he de multiplicar per 4 per arribar a 16.

*Es pot veure que el 8 només l'he de multiplicar per 2 per arribar a 16.

Ja està! és el que s'ha de fer com indica l'enunciat, he de multiplicar a numerador i denominador a la vegada per aquests nombres. Finalment es fa la suma.
|}
|}

;Observacions:

*&lt;math&gt;\tfrac{a}{n}\times(b+c) =\tfrac{a\times b}{n}+\tfrac{a\times c}{n}&lt;/math&gt; anomenada '''propietat distributiva''' respecte la suma.

;Exemple:

{|style=&quot;border: 1px solid #88f;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
|valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;10px&quot;|1)
|align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;120px&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 1&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{1\cdot 3+2\cdot 1}{2\cdot 3}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{3+2}{6}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{5}{6}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|2)
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{6}+\frac{1}{4}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 2&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{5\cdot 4+6\cdot 1}{6\cdot 4}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{20+6}{24}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{26}{24}^{\;\div 2}_{\;\div 2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{13}{12}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|3)
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{7}+\frac{4}{3}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 3&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{3\cdot 3+4\cdot 7}{3\cdot 7}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{9+28}{21}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{37}{21}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|4)
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{2}{6}+\frac{3}{2}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 4&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{2\cdot 2+6\cdot 3}{6\cdot 2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{4+18}{12}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{22}{12}^{\;\div 2}_{\;\div 2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{11}{6}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|5)
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{6}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 5&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{3\cdot 6-4\cdot 1}{4\cdot 6}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{18-4}{24}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{14}{24}^{\;\div 2}_{\;\div 2}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{7}{12}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|6)
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{4}{5}-\frac{1}{20}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 6&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{4\cdot 20-5\cdot 1}{5\cdot 20}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{80-5}{100}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{75}{100}^{\;\div 5}_{\;\div 5}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{15}{20}^{\;\div 5}_{\;\div 5}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{3}{4}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|7)
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{5}{4}-\frac{2}{25}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 7&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{5\cdot 25-4\cdot 2}{4\cdot 25}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{125-8}{100}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{117}{100}&lt;/math&gt;
|-
|valign=&quot;top&quot;|8)
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;math&gt;-\frac{7}{8}+\frac{3}{4}=&lt;/math&gt;
|class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;Solució 8&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;Ocultar&quot;|&lt;math&gt;\frac{-7\cdot 4+8\cdot 3}{8\cdot 4}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{-28+24}{32}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=\frac{-4}{32}^{\;\div 4}_{\;\div 4}&lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt;=-\frac{1}{8}&lt;/math&gt;
|}

== Exercicis ==

Recull d'exercicis de tots els apartats.

1) Reparteix esbrinant el valor que toca a cadascú.

:a) Un formatge de 800 grams repartit per a 8 persones.

:b) 21 metres quadrats repartits per a 7 persones.

:c) 60 maons repartits per a 4 persones.

2) Indica el valor de cada fracció...

==Notas==
{{reflist|group=&quot;note&quot;}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Matemàtiques de primer d'ESO]]
[[Category:CA]]</text>
      <sha1>57d1sg50qkld88g9k3zandybj9ux4i7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/ja</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>48948</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385240</id>
      <parentid>383698</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385240</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4804" sha1="gkgdgvo9yqglxtjljit4zim6wjlzw0o" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;Custodians&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== 用務員 ==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!利用者
!フラグ
!タイムゾーン
!バベル
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|日本 (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|韓国 (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|台湾 (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;span id=&quot;Pages_that_need_custodial_attention&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==用務員の注意が必要なページ==

*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==関連項目==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|自動生成されたリスト]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter 用務員の活動状況]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|ビューロクラット]]

*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|試験版ウィキ用務員]]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|翻訳管理者]]


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>gkgdgvo9yqglxtjljit4zim6wjlzw0o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Fintice (pomenovanie)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>49596</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385250</id>
      <parentid>385197</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T07:46:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dušan Kreheľ</username>
        <id>45022</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ významy</comment>
      <origin>385250</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="42792" sha1="owk3nsnnmn5myetgwfuom62gkabjse4" xml:space="preserve">== Varianty názvu obce ==
Keďže prvá písomná zmienka obce Fintice (Slovensko) je z roku 1272,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal
 | last1 = Boleš
 | first1 = Konštantín Daniel
 | date = 2016
 | title = DAROVACIA LISTINA KRÁĽA ŠTEFANA V. NA MAJETOK FYNTHA
 | url = http://nhe.ktfke.sk/data/uploads/archiv/notitiae-1_2016.pdf
 | journal = NOTITIÆ HISTORIÆ ECCLESIASTICÆ
 | volume = 5
 | issue = 1
 | pages = 115
 | issn = 1338-9572
 | access-date = 
}}&lt;/ref&gt; čo je väčší časový odstup voči súčastnosti, tak sa skúmajú nasledujúce tvary obce Fintice:
* Fyntha,
* Finta,
* Fincice,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal 
 | author = Michal Lacko, S.J.
 | title = Miestopis Slovenska za posledných sto roko
 | journal = Most
 | url = https://archive.org/details/most.1964.v11n03-04/page/174/mode/2up?q=fintice
 | issn = 
 | publisher = Slovenský ústav
 | place = Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
 | volume = 11
 | issue = 3-4
 | date = 1964
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;font-size:0.95em&quot;&gt;Finťice&lt;/span&gt;],
* [&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;font-size:0.95em&quot;&gt;Finčiče&lt;/span&gt;],
* Suncia,&lt;ref name=&quot;dmi&quot;/&gt;
* Fruncta,&lt;ref name=&quot;dmi&quot;/&gt;
* Finzi (nemecká výslovnosť [Finci]),
* Fincice,
tak aj slovo:
* [&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;font-size:0.95em&quot;&gt;fin&lt;/span&gt;].

== Etymológia ==
Názov obce je najskôr odvodené od vlastného podstatného mena Finta. 

V stredovekej latinčine, odkiaľ pochádza najstaršia písomná zmienka obce, sa pri pomenovaní obce podľa osoby zapísoval&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:sk:Medieval Latin|Medieval Latin]].&lt;/ref&gt; jej názov v neohýbanom tvare. Teda slovo Fintice je zložené z dvoch časti &lt;i&gt;Finti&lt;/i&gt; + &lt;i&gt;-ce&lt;/i&gt;:
* &lt;i&gt;Fint&lt;/i&gt;:
** tvary:
*** slovanizovaný: [Finťi],
*** neslovanizovaný: [Finti],
* &lt;i&gt;-ice&lt;/i&gt;:
** spodstatnené prídavné meno obsahujúce suffix stredovekej písanej latinčiny &lt;i&gt;-icē&lt;/i&gt; (na základe analýzy slov ''finticē'' a ''becē'' jedného dokumentu&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://archive.org/details/ita-bnc-in2-00001627-001/page/n51/mode/2up?q=sintice
	| title = Legenda aurea sanctorum, sive Lombardica historia
	| last = Jacobus
	| first = de Voragine
	| date = 1497
}}&lt;/ref&gt;), čo je skrátené pre &lt;i&gt;-icae&lt;/i&gt; (možný súvis alebo odvedenie od ''-itiae'')&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:-itiae#Latin|-itiae]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt; a označuje genitív jednotného čísla alebo nominatív plurálu:&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:-icus#Latin|-icus]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:-icae#Latin|-icia]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:belong|belong]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
*** Asociácia prípadne k čomu: &lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Latinčina&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Slovenčina&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;background:#FFFFAC&quot;&gt;&lt;td&gt;''rieka'' (slovenčina)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;m&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:rivus#Latin|villa]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;f&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;''villa'' (latinčina)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;f&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:villa#Latin|rivus]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;f&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;''dedina'' (slovenčina)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;m / n / m&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:village#English|village]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;f&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;background:#FFFFAC&quot;&gt;&lt;td&gt;''terra'' (latinčina),&lt;br&gt; ''zem'' (slovenčina)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;f&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:terra#Latin|terra]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;f&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;''mesto'' (slovenčina)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;n&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:oppidum#Latin|oppidum]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;n&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
** praktický medzinárodný zápis (a zároveň neutrálny pre domácich a cudzincov&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal
 | last1 = Boleš
 | first1 = Konštantín Daniel
 | date = 2019
 | title = POČIATKY A VÝVOJ HRADNÉHO PANSTVA ŠEBEŠ
 | url = http://nhe.ktfke.sk/data/uploads/archiv/notitiae-2_2019.pdf
 | journal = NOTITIÆ HISTORIÆ ECCLESIASTICÆ
 | volume = 8
 | issue = 2
 | pages = 118
 | issn = 1338-9572
}}&lt;/ref&gt;), a ktorý je podobný/ekvivalentný v slovenčine &lt;i&gt;-icke&lt;/i&gt; (napr. fintické zvony).
** niekto odvádza že od potoka. 


Pôvodný všeobecnejší význam [[:wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷey-|*kʷey-]] sa asi neskôr špecifikoval a od neho sa „oddelil“ [[:wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pent-|*pent-]]. Toto rozdelenie je zrejme v aj slovenčine, kde máme pre ''*pent-'' slová ako ''tiecť'', ''vytekať'', ''funí'', a pre ''*kʷey-'' slová ''čin(iť)'', ''činka''.

U predkov slova ''&lt;b style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;f&lt;/b&gt;in&lt;b style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;t&lt;/b&gt;a'' mohlo dosť k nasledujúcim zmenám:
* zmenené &lt;b style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;f&lt;/b&gt; na:
** [''v''] (napr. '''v'''ynúť, '''v'''ynájsť),
** [''č''] (napr. rumunské '''''c'''inta'' &amp;#91;''činta''&amp;#93;),
** [''c''] (napr. '''c'''icať),
** [''p'']:
*** chorvátske '''p'''ičiti (slovensky ''piť''),
*** latinského ''fingo''&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:fingo|fingo]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt; a ''pingo'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:pingo|pingo]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** [''r''] (napr. rinčať),
** [''k'']:
*** anglické '''''k'''ind'' – ''dieťa'' (možno súvisí s „dieťa piští/piščí, kričí“).
*** slovenské kýchať,
* zmenené &lt;b style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;t&lt;/b&gt; na:
** [č/ć] – napr. slová ''či(či)'''č'''kať'', ''čačkať'',
** [t/ť] – napr. slovo ''fin'''t'''a'', ''fin'''t'''iť'' [''fin'''ť'''iť''],
** [d] – napr. nemecké slovo ''fin'''d'''en'',
** [g]:
***gronský ''pin'''g'''u'' (slovensky ''kopec''),
***inuktitutský ''pin'''g'''u''  (slovensky ''malý kopček''),&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:pingo|pingo]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
***anglický ''pen'''g'''uin'' (slovensky tučniak),&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:penguin|penguin]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** [dž] – nárečovo slovensky a potom ukrajinsky, južnoslovansky ''findža'' a podobné perzsky,
** [z] – sardinsky ''finza''.
* zmenené &lt;b style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;č&lt;/b&gt; na:
** [š] v staromaďarčine (obec Šišov),&lt;ref name=&quot;ks2008-2-sk&quot;&gt;Rudolf Krajčovič: Z lexiky stredovekej slovenčiny s výkladmi názvov obcí a miest; Kultúra slova, č. 2, 2008, ISSN 0023-5202.&lt;/ref&gt;

Pôvodný význam ''*kʷey-'' možno vznikol z vody alebo dymu alebo bol nimi ovplyvnený.&lt;br&gt;Voda:
*pramení,
*tečie/prúdi,
**zvíja sa (t. j. [[:w:sk:Meander (riečny)|meandruje]]),
*pení sa,
* zaplavuje,
**teda aj „kreslí“, keď klesá hladina vody,
* rozdeľuje,
* a „dáva život“ (dáva pitie, organizmy, materiál na tehly, …).

== Ako vlastné podstatné meno ==

* 9. stor. pred Kr., &lt;span style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;Fintas&lt;/span&gt;, Grecko,&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:sk:Fintas|Fintas]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:de:Phintas|Phintas]] (po nemecky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:de:Phintas|Phintas]] (po nemecky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* 7. stor. pred Kr., &lt;span style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;Phintas&lt;/span&gt; (podľa Androkleide),&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:de:Phintas_(Androkleide)|Phintas (Androkleide)]] (po nemecky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* 6. stor. pred Kr., &lt;span style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;Fintias&lt;/span&gt;, grécky maliar,&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:sk:Fintias (maliar)|Phintas (Androkleide)]].&lt;/ref&gt;
* ? – 279 pred Kr., Phidias z Agrigenta, založil mesto Φιντίας (Fintias, dnešná [[:w:en:Licata|Licata]], Sicília, Taliansko),&lt;ref name=&quot;Φιντίας&quot;&gt;[[:w:el:Φιντίας_του_Αγκριτζέντο|Φιντίας_του_Αγκριτζέντο]] (po grécky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* 3. storočie, Finn McColl, Írsko,&lt;ref&gt;[https://thewildgeese.irish/profiles/blogs/the-legend-fionn-mac-cunhaill The Heroic Legend of Fionn mac Cumhaill].&lt;/ref&gt;
* 526 – 603, &lt;span style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;Fintan z Clonenagh&lt;/span&gt;, Írsko,&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Fintan_of_Clonenagh|Fintan of Clonenagh]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* ? – 635, &lt;span style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;Fintán z Taghmon&lt;/span&gt;, Severné Írsko&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Fintan_of_Clonenagh|Fintan of Clonenagh]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Fintán of Taghmon|Fintán of Taghmon]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* 803/804 – 878, &lt;span style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;Fintan z Rheinau&lt;/span&gt;, Írsko/Švajčiarsko,&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Fintan_of_Rheinau|Fintan of Rheinau]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1332, &lt;span style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;Phinta, kňaz svätej Anny&lt;/span&gt;, Comuna Sântana de Mureș, Mureș (Rumunsko),
* 1332, &lt;span style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;Monch et Fyntha&lt;/span&gt;, Črnomir, Chorvátsko,&lt;ref name=&quot;C1908&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/codex-diplomaticus-vi-1908./Codex%20diplomaticus%20X%201912
 |title=Diplomatički zbornik Kraljevine Hrvatske, Dalmacije i Slavonije Codex Diplomaticus I- XVIII  Latin, Croatian
 |access-date = 2026-04-17
 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1341, Fyntha et Nicolaus,&lt;ref name=&quot;C1908&quot;/&gt;
* 1367, Finčevec, Chorvátsko, ''Paulus filius Fynech'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/33305
 |title=GRAĐA ZA TOPONOMASTIKU I HAGIOGRAFIJU KALNIČKOG KRAJA
 |last=Balog
 |first=Zdenko
 |access-date = 2023-12-08
 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1367, &lt;span style=&quot;color:brown&quot;&gt;Paulus filius Finech&lt;/span&gt;; súvis so Finčevec, Chorvátsko.&lt;ref name=&quot;Finech&quot;&gt;ZDENKO BALOG: GRAĐA ZA TOPONOMASTIKU I HAGIOGRAFIJU KALNIČKOG KRAJAč; Cris, god. VI., br. 1/2004., str. 59-72.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:en:Finčevec|Finčevec]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;

Rod (zrejme):&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://mi.abtk.hu/images/gyujtemenyek/regeszta-mutatok/masodik-sorozat/fiok_144._a-i-10._szemely_erzsebet_-_f.pdf
 |title=fiok 144. a-i-10 F
 |last=Székely
 |first=Erzsébet
 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;b style=&quot;color:#592A59&quot;&gt;Fynta, Dávid syn, Scelench castrum, 1282-10-08&lt;/b&gt; – Zeleneč, okres Trnava, Slovensko;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://blog.sme.sk/dzurjanin/cestovanie/miesto-stareho-novy-ale-socialisticky-31-januar-2009
	| title = Miesto starého nový, ale socialistický (31. január 2009
	| last = Dzurjanin
	| first = Zdenko 
	| date = 2009-02-05
	| website = sme.sk
	| publisher = Petit Press, a.s.
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:sk:Zeleneč|Zeleneč]].&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;b style=&quot;color:#592A59&quot;&gt;Finta, Alber, 1328&lt;/b&gt; – dnes Albeř, Čechy (žeby?);
*&lt;b style=&quot;color:#592A59&quot;&gt;Finta; Finta fia, Sarfeu (Vas m), cca 382-06-06&lt;/b&gt; – dnes Blatné, Senec, Slovensko;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://pdfweb.truni.sk/download?monografie/belakova-hydronymia-2014.pdf
	| title = HYDRONYMIA SEVERNEJ ČASTI POVODIA MALÉHO DUNAJA
	| last = Beláková
	| first = Mária
	| date = 2014
    | place = Trnava
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:sk:Blatné|Blatné]].&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;b style=&quot;color:#592A59&quot;&gt;Finta Diozisius, Szentmiklós vára, 1276&lt;/b&gt; – Mikleuš, Chorvátsko;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:hu:Szentmiklós (Horvátország)|Szentmiklós (Horvátország)]] (po maďarsky).&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;b style=&quot;color:#592A59&quot;&gt;Finta Peter, comes, Mosolány, 1330-04-29&lt;/b&gt; – Mocsolya, Rumunsko,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.arcanum.com/en/online-kiadvanyok/Tunderkert-tunderkert-1/szilagy-varmegye-monographiaja-5E50/iv-kotet-89C9/mocsolya-8B6C/
	| title = Mocsolya.
	| website = arcanum.com
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:hu:Mocsolya|Mocsolya]] (po maďarsky).&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;b style=&quot;color:#592A59&quot;&gt;Fintai Ilona,Finta leánya; Sarfeu (Vas m); 1382-06-06&lt;/b&gt;,
*&lt;b style=&quot;color:#592A59&quot;&gt;Fyntha-i Miklós; Feketehygh vára, Fyntha birtok, Sáros megye; 1272-11-16&lt;/b&gt;&lt;ref group=&quot;Pozn.&quot;&gt;Maď. „''Feketehygh''“ = slov. „''Čierný les''“ ([https://mdh.unideb.hu/korai_telepules.php?adatlap=01-27-5&amp;km=Aba%C3%BAj Zdroj informácie]).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref group=&quot;Pozn.&quot;&gt;Možno je zdroj [https://archives.hungaricana.hu/en/charters/26670/ DIPLOMATIKAI LEVÉLTÁR (Q szekció) • Családi levéltárak (P szekcióból) • Dessewffy család, grófi (Q 62) • 74669 ].&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Pra-meno *Finta ===
Je románskeho pôvodu vyskytujúce sa vo tvaroch (na základe analýzy z 13. a 14. storočia):
*Fyn,
*Fynta/Phynta/Phinta.&lt;ref name=&quot;prafinta&quot;&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maria-Novakova-6/publication/302928937_The_personal_names_in_Slovakia_in_the_13th_century/links/573376c508ae9f741b261454/The-personal-names-in-Slovakia-in-the-13th-century.pdf
	| title = Najstaršie uhorské osobné mená a pomenovacia prax na Slovensku v 13.-14. storočí.
	| last = Nováková
	| first = Mária
	| date = 2010-06-30
	| publisher = Filozofická fakulta Trnavskej univerzity v Trnave, Katedra histórie
	| access-date = 2023-12-08
	| quote = 
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tiež:
* Finzi (zrejme rod).&lt;ref name=&quot;finzi&quot;/&gt;

Ak význam Fintha má pôvod v románskych jazykov, potom ho môžeme významovo (podľa 13./14. storočia storočia) vysvetliť ako ''šikovný''/''zručný''. Románsky pôvod môže súvisieť s románskym obyvateľstvom vo vtedajšom Uhorsku, ktorý bol ovplyvnený križiackymi výpravami a rádmi templárov a johanitov. Rád johanitov dostal v listine z r. 1247 poverenie&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.academia.edu/6430925/Rom%C3%A1nske_obyvate%C4%BEstvo_v_%C5%A1trukt%C3%BArach_Uhorsk%C3%A9ho_kr%C3%A1%C4%BEovstva_slovak_
	| title = Románske obyvateľstvo v štruktúrach Uhorského kráľovstva
	| last = Bučko
	| first = Peter
}}&lt;/ref&gt; stražiť 5 uhorských hradov a ktorý pôsobili aj v blízkosti Fintíc (Medzany,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://myslovakia.sk/sk/medziansky-hradok
	| title = Medziansky hrádok
}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hanušovciach nad Topľou a Medzianky&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.legendarium.info/vylet/hrad-medzianky
	| title = Hrad Medzianky
}}&lt;/ref&gt;).

„Meno Finta malo v stredovekých zápisoch rôzne podoby (Pfynta, Ffynta, Phinta, Finta…), pričom
podľa viacerých autorov bolo slovanského pôvodu.“&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 |url=https://www.academia.edu/45643150/FINTA_Z_RODU_ABA_VOJVODA_A_PALAT%C3%8DN
 |title=FINTA Z RODU ABA -VOJVODA A PALATÍN
 |last=Blanár
 |first=Dominik
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Miesta ==
* Fintice, okres Prešov, Slovensko,
* Fincovce – dnes Pavlovce, Slovensko,&lt;ref name=&quot;Vynohradiv&quot;&gt;CHYTIL, Alois. Chytilův místopis Československé republiky. V Praze: Alois Chytil, 1930. Dostupné tiež z: https://dikda.snk.sk/uuid/uuid:1127bbd3-869e-4169-b1ae-92a45b00ba92.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Finthen – dedina, od r. 1969 sučasť Mainz, Nemecko,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.mainz.de/leben-und-arbeit/stadtteile/finthen/finthen.php
	| title = Willkommen im Stadtteil Finthen
	| publisher = Landeshauptstadt Mainz
	| access-date = 2025-01-19
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Φιντίας / Fintias, dnešná [[:w:en:Licata|Licata]], Sicília, Taliansko,&lt;ref name=&quot;Φιντίας&quot;/&gt;
* Fintorica, miesto, Šišov, Slovensko
* Finta, dvor, Vynohradiv, Ukrajina,&lt;ref name=&quot;Vynohradiv&quot;/&gt;
* Finta, chotár, Neverice, Slovensko,&lt;ref name=&quot;Vynohradiv&quot;/&gt;
* Fîntînița, Moldavsko,
* …,
* zoznamy:
** [[:w:pl:Fântânele|Fântânele]] (plwiki).

== Možné významy ==
* súvisiace s '''vtákmi''':
** '''''vrabec''''':
*** z praindoeuropančiny ''*(s)ping-'' (''malý vták, vrabec''),&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/finkô|Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/finkô]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** '''''pinka''''':
*** z praindoeuropančiny ''*(s)pingos'' (''pinka''),&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:finch#English|finch#English]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** '''''ďateľ''''':
*** zo starej angličtiny ''fina'' (''ďateľ'') + suffix -ta,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:fina#Old_English|fina]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:woodpecker#English|woodpecker]].&lt;/ref&gt;
* súvisiace s '''vodou''':
** '''ryba''':
*** Alóza finta (Alosa fallax) – lebo je ''Finta'' (maďarsky, ukrajinsky a rusky) a ''Finte'' (nemecky),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.mpsr.sk/resources/documents/2028.xlsx
	| title = 2028.xlsx
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** U nás by alóza finta nemala žiť,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.srz-ds.sk/atlas-ryb
	| title = Atlas rýb
	| website = www.srz-ds.sk
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5355&amp;lang=english
	| title = Alosa fallax (Lacepède, 1803), Twaite shad 
}}&lt;/ref&gt; takže by sa mohlo prípadne jednať o '''''alóza neškvrnitá''''' (''Alosa immaculata'', ''Alosa pontica''),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://fish-commercial-names.ec.europa.eu/fish-names/commercial-designations_sk?ms=SK
	| title = Slovensko - Obchodné označenia
	| access-date = 2023-10-18
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** škotsky ''finnack'', ''finnoc'', ''finner'' – „biely pstruh“,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://books.google.sk/books?id=vxkAAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PT169&amp;dq=finner&amp;lr=&amp;ei=r6kZSvaCNobYMYSO-KIJ&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q=finner&amp;f=false
	| title = An Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language: In which the Words are Explained in Their Different Senses, Authorized by the Names of the Writers by Whom They are Used, Or the Titles of the Works in which They Occur, and Deduced from Their Originals
	| last = Jamieson
	| first = John
    | date = 1818
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** súvis s rybolovom? (?),
** '''plutva''':
*** stará angličtina ''finn'',&lt;ref name=&quot;etymonline-fin&quot;&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.etymonline.com/word/fin
	| title = Origin and history of fin
	| website = etymonline.com
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** pragermančina ''*finno'',&lt;ref name=&quot;etymonline-fin&quot;/&gt;
*** prazapadná nemčina ''finnā'', ''finnu'', ''finā'', ''finu'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-West_Germanic/finnā|Proto-West_Germanic/finnā]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** '''prameň''', '''tiecť''', '''vytekať''', '''prúdiť''':
*** z prazápadnej nemčiny ''finþan'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-West_Germanic/finþan|Proto-West Germanic/finþan]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
*** z praindoeurópskeho ''pent-'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pent-|Proto-Indo-European/pent-]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
*** z latinského fons&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:fons#Latin|fons#Latin]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt; → fontana,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:fontana#Latin|fontana#Latin]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
*** Z latinského fio&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:fio#Latin|fio#Latin]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt; → na rumunské ființă,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:ființă#Romanian|ființă#Romanian]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
*** gótsky [[:wiktionary:en:𐍆𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰𐌽#Gothic|𐍆𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰𐌽]] (po anglicky), 
*** dedina Finthen, dnes súčasť Mainz (pramene a rimské akvadukty);&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:de:Mainz-Finthen|Mainz-Finthen]] (po nemecky).&lt;/ref&gt;
*** rumunsky fântână – prameň, „vodná“ stena;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:fântână#Romanian|fântână#Romanian]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
*** podobné so slovenským slovom ''fontána'',
**'''močiare''', '''bažina''':
*** stará horná nemčina ''fenni'',&lt;ref name=&quot;ancestry-fenn&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://www.ancestry.com/last-name-meaning/fenn
 | title = Fenn Surname Meaning
 | author = Ancestry
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** stredodolná nemčina a starofrízština ''fenne'',&lt;ref name=&quot;ancestry-fenn&quot;/&gt;
*** možno narážka na terén a ''lužné lúky a lesy'' (okolo rieky Sekčov a západne od centra obce),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.staremapy.sk/?zoom=14&amp;lat=49.05064262694256&amp;lng=21.28843477764502&amp;map=VM2
	| title = Voj. mapovanie 2 - mapa rok 1839
	| access-date = 2023-10-18
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:sk:Fintice#Záplavy|Fintice#Záplavy]].&lt;/ref&gt;
***Fintau, Nemecko&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:de:Fintau|Fintau]] (po nemecky).&lt;/ref&gt; – rieka, ktorá sa do močiarov vlieva;
***Fintel (hist. aj Wintla), Nemecko – bažinový terén,&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:de:Fintel|Fintel]] (po nemecky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://www.ancestry.com/last-name-meaning/fintel
 | title = Fintel Surname Meaning
 | author = Ancestry
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** Fintavägen, Svédsko; značková cesta („pristupová cesta“) – a la „prameň“ prichádzajúcich áut do sídliska;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/1071987913
	| title = Cesta: Fintavägen (1071987913)
	| access-date = 2023-10-18
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** Fintlandsmoor, Nemecko – močiar, rašelinisko;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:de:Fintlandsmoor|Fintlandsmoor]] (po nemecky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** '''cikať''':
*** slovensky ''čičať'' – „cikať“,&lt;ref&gt;Milan Majdán: O slovenských priezviskách; Kultúra slova, ročník 40, č. 2, 2006.&lt;/ref&gt;
** '''člapkať sa''':
*** slovensky ''čičrať'' – „babrať sa v niečom, čľapkať sa vo vode, v riedkom blate“,&lt;ref name=&quot;ks2008-2-sk&quot;/&gt;
*** slovensky ''čičer'' – „bahnom zanesená časť terénu, hlavne ciest, po ktorých sa bolo treba plavočiť, čabrať sa a pod.“,&lt;ref name=&quot;ks2008-2-sk&quot;/&gt;
** '''plač''':
*** slovinsky ''finčica'' – ženský „hanblivý“/prúderný plač;&lt;ref name=&quot;sl-1891&quot;&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://archive.org/details/slovenskonemkisl01pletuoft/page/200/mode/2up?view=theater
	| title = Slovensko-nemki slovar. Uredil M. Pleternik
	| last = Pleternik
	| first = Makso
	| date = 1891
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:weiblich#German|weiblich#German]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:Scham|Scham]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:shame|shame]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:bashfulness|bashfulness]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
'''„k cieľu“''', '''„pri cieli“''':
* kampidská sardínčina ''finza(s)'',&lt;ref&gt;https://hemerotecadigital.uanl.mx/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Men%C3%A9ndez+Pidal%2C+Ram%C3%B3n%2C+1869-1968%2C+Director&amp;output=omeka-xml.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_KTtwV0X6jo8C/page/28/mode/2up?q=finza
 | title = Etymologisches Wörterbuch der romanischen Sprachen von 
 | last = Friedrich
 | first = Diez
 | date = 1870
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*'''cesta''':
** z protoindoeurópskeho ''*pent-'' –  „ísť, prejsť; cesta, most“,&lt;ref name=&quot;finþan&quot;/&gt;
*'''nájsť''':
** z protoindoeurópskeho ''*pent-'' –  „ísť, prejsť; cesta, most“,&lt;ref name=&quot;finþan&quot;/&gt;
** z prazápadnej nemčiny ''finþan'' – „nájsť, objaviť, prísť na to“,&lt;ref name=&quot;finþan&quot;&gt;[[:wikt:en:Reconstruction:Proto-West_Germanic/finþan|*finþan]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** z pranemčiny ''finþan'' – „nájsť, objaviť, prísť na to“,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wikt:en:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/finþaną|*finþaną]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** bavorsky ''fint'' znamená významovo ''nájsť'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:de:Bairisch|Bairisch]] (po nemecky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** gótsky ''fintha'' znamená ''nájsť'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://archive.org/details/sitzungsberichte1882knig/page/38/mode/2up?q=finde
	| title = Sitzungsberichte der königl. böhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften in Prag
	| author = Königlich-böhmische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften (Prague, Hungary)
	| date = 1883
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://germanic.ge/en/got/word/fin%C3%BEan/
	| title = finþan
	| author = Chrestomathy of Gothic and Anglo-Saxon
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** zo starej írčiny „objaviť“, „odkryť“, „zistiť“, „vedieť“,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:rofinnadar#Old_Irish|rofinnadar#Old_Irish]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:discover|discover]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:find_out|find_out]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
'''päť''':
* zo stredno-hornej nemčiny ''vünf'',&lt;ref name=&quot;mhn-vinf&quot;&gt;[[:wiktionary:vinf#Mòcheno|vinf#Mòcheno]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* v jazyku Mòcheno (v Taliansku) ''vinf'' značí päť,&lt;ref name=&quot;mhn-vinf&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Mòcheno language|Mòcheno language]] (po anglický).&lt;/ref&gt;
'''podvodník''':
* slovinsky ''finka'' – prasa, svina (pri hre),&lt;ref name=&quot;sl-1891&quot;/&gt;
'''trik''':
* súčastné europské jazyky (napr. v športe),
'''výmysel''':
* zo staršej slovenčiny,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk/bernolak-hq/fi/Finta.png
 | title = Finta.png
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_baZZAAAAcAAJ/page/4368/mode/2up
 | title = Slowár slowenskí česko-latinsko-ňemecko-uherskí = seu, Lexicon slavicum bohemico-latino-germanico-ungaricum
 | last = Bernolák
 | first = Anton
 | date = 1825
 | publisher = Budae, typis et sumtibus Typogr. Reg. univers. hungaricae
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
'''skrytý''':
* v berberskom jazyku názov oázy ''Fint'' znamená ''skryté'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://www.sudmaroc-hotel-terrassedesdelices.com/l-oasis-de-fint-1/
	| title = L'Oasis de Fint
	| date = 2023-10-18
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
'''„strážisko“''':
* latinské ''finita'' ako tvar slova ''finitus'' – '''hraničná''',&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:finita#Latin|finita#Latin]] (po anglický).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:finitus#Latin|finitus#Latin]] (po anglický).&lt;/ref&gt;
* zo starej angličtiny ''finta'' – '''hraničné územie''', '''družina'''/'''posádka''', '''sledovať''';&lt;ref name=&quot;sa-1&quot;&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:finta#Old_English|finta#Old_English]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sa-2&quot;&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:tail#Etymology_1|tail#Etymology_1]] (po anglický).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:tailing#Noun|tailing#Noun]] (po anglický).&lt;/ref&gt;
* španielsky ''finca'' – „nehnuteľnosť“, „farma“, „hacienda“,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:finca#Spanish|finca#Spanish]] (po anglický).&lt;/ref&gt;
'''(o)zdobiť''', „'''pačiť sa'''“:
* zo slovenského:
** spisovného ''fintiť sa'',
** z nárečových ''findiť sa'', ''frnťiť sa'' znamenajúc „parádiť sa“,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://archive.org/details/kralik_2015
 | title = Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny
 | last = Králik
 | first = Ľubor
 | date = 2015
 | publisher = 
}}, heslo ''fintiť''.&lt;/ref&gt;
* možno odvodené z latinského ''fingo'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:fingo|fingo]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* možno odvodené z latinského ''pingo'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:pingo|pingo]].&lt;/ref&gt;
* grécky [https://lexikolefkadas.gr/finta-i/ φίντα] (''fínta'', stredný rod),
* ozdobná šálka, viď položku ''šálka'',
* '''horenos'''&lt;ref name=&quot;prafinta&quot;/&gt; – „namyslený človek, nafúkanec“,&lt;ref&gt;Krátky slovník slovenského jazyka. Red. J. Kačala – M. Pisárčiková – M. Považaj. 4. dopl. a upr. vyd. Bratislava: Veda 2003. 985 s. ISBN 80-224-0750-X (autorský kolektív: J. Doruľa, J. Kačala, M. Marsinová, I. Masár, Š. Michalus, Š. Peciar, M. Pisárčiková, M. Považaj, V. Slivková, E. Smiešková, E. Tibenská, M. Urbančok) – heslo ''horenos''.&lt;/ref&gt;
* dánsky ''finde'' – „mať určitý pocit potešenia alebo (menej často) nelibosti“,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://ordnet.dk/ddo/ordbog?query=finde
 | title = finde
 | author = Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab 
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* '''biely''', '''svetlovlasý''':
** zo strednej angličtiny ''Fin(n)''; skrátene poangličené  ''Fionn'', skratené ''Finn'', z pôvodného gálskeho ''Ó Finn'' – ''Fionn potomok'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://www.ancestry.com/last-name-meaning/finn
 | title = Finn Surname Meaning
 | author = Ancestry
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
'''uskutočňovať''', '''stať sa''', '''byť''':
* latinsky ''fiō'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:fio#Latin|fio#Latin]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* (prenesene) latinsky ''fin'' – „rámeno“,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://archive.org/details/bim_eighteenth-century_a-classical-dictionary-o_grose-francis-f-a-s_1785/page/n81/mode/2up
 | title = A classical dictionary of the vulgar tongue.
 | author = Grose, Francis, F. A. S. 
 | date = 1785
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* rumunsky ''fi'' – byť,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:fi#Romanian|fi#Romanian]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* rumunsky ''ființă'' [fiinca] – „bytosť“, „stvorenie“,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:ființă#Romanian|ființă#Romanian]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* rumunsky ''ființa'' [fiinca] – „existovať“,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:ființa#Romanian|ființa#Romanian]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* pre skupinu slov (do kt. patrí aj slovo finta) so spoločným významom ''pohyh'' (podľa Egy),&lt;ref&gt;Renáta Németh: [https://edit.elte.hu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10831/46184/Kd_10941.pdf?sequence=1 A XIX. Századi nyelvbölcselet és a magyiar nyelv szótárának etimológiai elve]. 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;
'''páska''':
* portugalsky ''cinta'' (výslovnosť [finta]),&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:cinta#Spanish|cinta#Spanish]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
'''dobrý''', '''šikovný''':
* stará francúzština a stredná angličtina ''fin(e)'' – „výborný príjemný čestný dokonalý“,&lt;ref name=&quot;ancestry-fine&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://www.ancestry.com/last-name-meaning/fine
 | title = Fine Surname Meaning
 | author = Ancestry
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* latinsky ''finis'' – „dokonalý vynikajúci“,&lt;ref name=&quot;ancestry-fine&quot;/&gt;
* z jidiš ''Finzi'',&lt;ref name=&quot;finzi&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/6124-finzi
 | title = FINZI
 | author = JewishEncyclopedia.com
 | date = 1989
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* stará francúzština ''fin'' – „fajný, delikatný“&lt;ref&gt;[[:wikt:en:fin#Old_French|fin#Old_French]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* v slovenčine:
** „Pekne si to vyfintil.“ – „Pekne si sa s tým »pohral«.“ („Super, popipľal si sa s tým, že výsledok je výborný / excelentý / nad očakávanie / dôsledne spravený.“),
'''šikovný''', '''vážený''', '''brondzový''':
* slovensky ''čič'' – „vážený muž obyč. v úctivom oslovení“,&lt;ref name=&quot;ks2008-2-sk&quot;/&gt;
* južnoslovanký ''čiča'', ''čičo'' –''starší človek, strýko'',&lt;ref name=&quot;ks2008-2-sk&quot;/&gt;
* stará gotčina ''𐍆𐌹𐌽'' (''fin'') – [[:w:en:nomina sacra|nomina sacra]] ''lord'' (vo význame ''pán'', ''vládca'' alebo ''majster''),&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:𐍆𐌹𐌽#Gothic|𐍆𐌹𐌽#Gothic]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰#Gothic|𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰#Gothic]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:lord#English|lord#English]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* stará francúzština ''fin'':&lt;ref&gt;https://www.jeantosti.com/noms/f2.html.&lt;/ref&gt;
** pôvodne: „jemný, nežný, dokonalý alebo krehký“,
** 14. storočie: ''šikovný'';
** 15. storočí: ''malý'',''malicherný'';&lt;ref group=&quot;Pozn.&quot;&gt;Možno došlo k negácií alebo k ironizovaniu významu.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:petit|petit]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* egyptsky Pa-neḥas – „ten bronzovej farby“,&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:en:Phinehas|Phinehas]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* z hebrejského ''פִּינְחָס‎''/''Pinchas'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:en:פינחס|פינחס]] (po hebrejsky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* španielsky ''pinco'' – „schopný preniknúťs veľkou intenzitou“,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wikt:en:finco#Portuguese|finco#Portuguese]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* „vedieť dotiahnuť (niečo) do konca“:
** zo starej angličtiny '''finta''' znamenajúc:&lt;ref name=&quot;sa-1&quot;/&gt;
*** „tail“ – slovenský „chvost“,&lt;ref name=&quot;sa-2&quot;/&gt; „časť“ (niečoho),
*** „sequence“ – slovenský „sekvencia“,
*** „result“ – slovenský „výsledok“,
* *int znamenajúc nemecky ''richtung'',&lt;ref&gt;Nyelv Magyar: [Magyar nyelv : közérdekű havi folyóirat a művelt közönség számára / Magyar Nyelvtudományi Társaság ; szerk. Szily Kálmán]. 1907.&lt;/ref&gt;
'''rozseknúť''', '''rozštiepiť''':
* slovensky ''čičať'' – „robiť hluk, údermi vyrubovaním lesnej dreviny, zosekávaním haluzia z kmeňov“,&lt;ref name=&quot;ks2008-2-sk&quot;/&gt;
* latinské ''findo'',
* praindoeurópske ''*bʰinédti'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰinédti|Proto-Indo-European/bʰinédti]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
'''drevorubač''':
* ako ''fin''+''čičať'' = muž/majster + rubač – človek, ktorý vie nielen rubať drevo ale aj s ním pracovať (tvorba vozov, domom; teda „tokárčiť“),
* porovnaj slovensky ''čičman'' – „drevorubač, ktorý rúbaním, sekaním, prípad. otesávaním kmeňov stromov šíri hluk“,&lt;ref name=&quot;ks2008-2-sk&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pozn.&quot;&gt;V minulosti (napr. vo Vyšnom Slavkove) sa drevo nesťahovalo traktormi, teda silnými strojmi, takže ku zníženiu odporu pri sťahovaní dreva z lesa bolo nutné strom vyčistiť od kôry.&lt;/ref&gt;
'''„vzácne“ drevo''':
* praindoeurópske ''*finьtъ'' – tujový:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://archive.org/details/etymologicky-slovnik-jazyka-staroslovenskeho/ESJS_3/page/170/mode/2up
 | title = Etymologický slovník jazyka staroslověnského
 | author = E. Havlová, A. Erhart, I. Janyšková 
 | date = 1989
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** zaznamenané iba v súvistlosti s drevom,
** možný nedoslovný význam ako „vzácne“ drevo,
** možno narážka na stromy&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://www.fintice.sk/o-obci-fintice.html
 | title = O obci Fintice
 | author = Obecný úrad Fintice 
}}&lt;/ref&gt; ako ''javor horský'' a ''lipa malolistá'' v katastri obce,

'''súvis s peniazmi''':
* starofrancúzske ''fin'' „peniaze“,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://archive.org/details/kralik_2015
 | title = Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny
 | last = Králik
 | first = Ľubor
 | date = 2015
 | publisher = 
}}, heslo ''financ''.&lt;/ref&gt;
* „finta“ – španielský starodávna daň („finītus“ ⇒ „fintito“ &lt;súvis so „finito“ – „nastaviť limity“&gt;),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://books.google.sk/books?id=gYtvAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA716&amp;lpg=PA716&amp;dq=family+finta&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=D0_xpvopM0&amp;sig=ACfU3U1xPOG4gFw5UGpVI2Y4cq86bRP13w&amp;hl=sk&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjdvfGj8aKEAxUWi_0HHdodA384PBDoAXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=family%20finta&amp;f=false
 | title = A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots
 | last = Roberts
 | first = Edward Arthur 
 | date = 2014
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* podobné so:
** srbsko-chorvatsky ''funta''/''фунта'' – jednotka váha, finančná mena,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:funta#Serbo-Croatian|funta#Serbo-Croatian]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:фунта#Serbo-Croatian|фунта#Serbo-Croatian]].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://ensk.dict.cc/?s=currency |title=dict.cc &amp;#124; currency &amp;#124; English-Slovak Dictionary |website=dict.cc |publisher=Paul Hemetsberger}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** macedonsky ''фунта'' – jednotka váha, finančná mena,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:фунта#Macedonian|фунта#Macedonian]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** rusky ''фунт'' – jednotka váha, finančná mena,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:фунт#Russian|фунт#Russian]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** ukrainsky ''фунт'' – libra alebo jednotka váhy, množstva,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:фунт#Ukrainian|фунт#Ukrainian]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** jidiš ''פֿונט''/''funt'' – jednotka hmotnosti, pôvodovne označenie pre ruskú mieru (po anglicky),&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:פֿונט#Yiddish|פֿונט#Yiddish]].&lt;/ref&gt;
** armenský ''ֆունտ''/''funt'' – libra alebo jednotka váhy,&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:ֆունտ#Armenian|ֆունտ#Armenian]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
**
'''krivý''', '''ohnutý'''
* z maďarského slova ''finta'',&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://archive.org/details/magyaroklevlsz00szamuoft/page/124/mode/2up?q=FINTA
 | title = Magyar oklevél-szótár, régi oklevelekben és egyéb iratokban elöforduló magyar szók gyüjteménye. Legnagyobb részüket gyüjtötte Szamota István. A Magyar Tudományos Akadémia megbízásából szótárrá szerk. Zolnai Gyula
 | last = Szamota
 | first = István 
 | last2 = Zolnai
 | first2 = Gyula 
 | date = 1210
 | publisher = Budapest V. Hornyánszky
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:curvus|curvus]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:bent#English|bent#English]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hu-1886&quot;&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://archive.org/details/englishhungarian02bizo/page/156/mode/2up
	| title = English-Hungarian dictionary
	| last = Bizonfy
	| first = Ferencz
	| date = 1886
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* zo starej angličtiny ''finta'',&lt;ref name=&quot;sa-1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sa-2&quot;/&gt;
* tiež aj Finteușu Mare, Maramureș; Rumunsko,&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:ro:Finteușu_Mare,_Maramureș|Finteușu_Mare, Maramureș]] (po rumunsky).&lt;/ref&gt;
'''skalnatý''':
* z maďarského slova ''finta'',&lt;ref name=&quot;hu-1886&quot;/&gt;
*'''lovec, zberač''':&lt;ref name=&quot;fini&quot;/&gt;
** stará nemčina ''*fenthan'' – „hľadať pešo“,&lt;ref name=&quot;fini&quot;&gt;Maixner, Miroslav. [https://is.muni.cz/th/vw94m/DIPLOMOVA_PRACE_Sami_ethnicity.pdf KONSTRUKCE SÁMSKÉ ETNICKÉ IDENTITY]. 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;
** pragermančina [[:wiktionary:en:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/finnaz|finnaz]] (''chodiť pešo''),&lt;ref name=&quot;Finn&quot;&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:Finn|Finn]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** stredoveká angličtina ''fen'', ''fint(e)'', ''fient'' – a) lovec, zberač, b) trus, hnoj.&lt;ref&gt;[https://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/middle-english-dictionary/dictionary/MED15578/track?counter=1&amp;search_id=4655363 fen n.(2)] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** stará horná nemčina ''vende'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:en:Finn (ethnonym)|Finn (ethnonym)]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
** stará norčina [[:wiktionary:en:finnr|finnr]] (''lovec, zberač''),&lt;ref name=&quot;Finn&quot;/&gt;
* „… ,scricfinni‘ sú vašniví lovcí/zberači, …“,&lt;ref group=&quot;Pozn.&quot;&gt;Prvá časť slova ''scric'' znamená ''lyžovať''. (Referencia: https://snl.no/finner_-_samer).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://snl.no/skridfinner
	| title = skridfinner
    | author = Store norske leksikon
}} (po nórsky).&lt;/ref&gt;
'''nôž''':
* poľsky ''finka'' – puzdrový nôž, &lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:finka#Polish|finka#Polish]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Sheath_knife|Sheath knife]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
'''diabol''','''démon''', '''hrozný človek''':&lt;ref&gt;[[:wikt:en:fend#Middle_English|fend#Middle_English]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* stredná angličtina ''fend'',
'''klam''', '''lesť''':&lt;ref&gt;Historický slovník slovenského jazyka. A – J. Red. M. Majtán et al. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Veda 1991. 535 s. ISBN 80-224-0228-1 (spoluautori V. Blanár, E. Jóna, I. Kotulič, E. Krasnovská, R. Kuchar, M. Majtán, M. Majtánová, Š. Peciar, B. Ricziová, J. Skladaná) – heslo [https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk/?w=finta&amp;s=exact&amp;c=v785&amp;cs=&amp;d=hssj# finta].&lt;/ref&gt;
* zo slovenského slova ''finta'',
'''pasca''':
* grécky [https://www.slang.gr/lemma/13317-finta φίντα] (''fínta''),
''botanické významy:''
* '''absint''' (nápoj) alebo '''[[:w:sk:Palina pravá|Palina pravá]]''' (''Artemisia absinthium''),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = https://books.google.sk/books?id=JrbKqL-w5tAC&amp;pg=PA63&amp;lpg=PA63&amp;dq=fyntha+latin&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=R7y5pNmEuz&amp;sig=ACfU3U1YM7F4RYhFTGT1otBPF74flt9RBA&amp;hl=sk&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiljNjg2YKAAxUX7qQKHS8mD-s4ChDoAXoECB4QAw#v=onepage&amp;q=fyntha&amp;f=false
	| title = Dizionario italiano, latino e francese in cui si contiene, non solamente un compendio del dizionario della Crusca, ma ancora tutto cio, che v'ha di piu rimmarchevole ne' migliori lessicografi, etimologisti, e glossarii,... raccolto dall' abbate Annibale Antonini. Nuova edizione. Riveduta, corretta, e notabilmente accresciuta. Tomo primo, Zväzok 1
	| last = Antonini
	| first = Annibale
	| date = 1770
}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:assenzio|assenzio]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Absinthe|Absinthe]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Suncia''&lt;ref name=&quot;dmi&quot;&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://www.knihydominikani.sk/hlavna_nemethy_24?fpcmeno=zahradne
 | title = Historický schematizmus slov. farností
 | website =  www.dominikani.sk
 | access-date = 2023-10-18
}}&lt;/ref&gt; – v stredovekej latinčine '''''[[:w:sk:Valeriána_lekárska|Valeriána lekárska]]''''' (''Valeriana officinalis''),&lt;ref&gt;Ferrari V., 2016 - [https://bibliotecadigitale.provincia.cremona.it/monografie/download/monografia_11.pdf Lessico botanico popolare della provincia di Cremona: dialettale, etimologico],
“Monografie di Pianura”, n. 11, Provincia di Cremona, Cremona.&lt;/ref&gt;
'''uzdraviť:'''
* ''„zmeniť predpokladaný ortieľ smrti“'' – teda ''vyliečiť sa'',
* Cethern mac Fintain (Írska mytológia),&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:Cethern_mac_Fintain|Cethern mac Fintain]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
'''skok''', '''skákanie''':
* maďarsky ''finz'' a príbuzne slová,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
	| url = http://misc.bibl.u-szeged.hu/25180/1/015_020_001-175.pdf
	| title = A' SZÓELEMZÉS' ÉS SZÓÉRTELMEZÉS ALAP-ELVEI.
	| author = Fábián István
	| date = 1853
    | access-date = 2025-01-22
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
'''zabávači/šašovia:'''
* maď. ''fintorog'', ''fintur'', ''fintor''  – slov. grimasa,&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:hu:Magyar_duda|Magyar duda]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:fintor#Hungarian|fintor#Hungarian]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Szentpétery Imre: Az Árpádházi királyok okleveleinek kritikai jegyzéke II. kötet 2-3. füzet 1272–1290 (Magyar Országos Levéltár kiadványai, II. Forráskiadványok 9. Budapest, 1961 – heslo [https://library.hungaricana.hu/en/view/MolDigiLib_MOLkiadv2_09/?pg=460&amp;layout=s Fintor], po maďarsky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:hu:Magyar duda|Magyar duda]] (po maďarsky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:w:hu:Magyar_duda|Magyar duda]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Fruncta'' – stará francúzština ''frunce'' = ''fronce'' (''mračiť sa'', ''chmúriť sa'') + suffix ''-ta'',&lt;ref name=&quot;dmi&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:frunce#Old_French|frunce#Old_French]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:fronce#Old_French|fronce#Old_French]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:froncer#French|froncer#French]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:scowl|scowl]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Synonymický slovník slovenčiny. Red. M. Pisárčiková. 3. nezm. vyd. Bratislava: Veda 2004. 998 s. ISBN 80-224-0801-8 (kolektív autorov: A. Anettová, I. Hrubaničová, Š. Michalus, E. Pícha, M. Pisárčiková, M. Považaj, E. Tibenská) – heslo [https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk/?w=kaboni%C5%A5&amp;s=exact&amp;c=4777&amp;cs=&amp;d=sss# kaboniť].&lt;/ref&gt;
'''ako „urážka“/„žart“''' (?):
* v poľštine: „zadymení papier držaní pod nosom“,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://archive.org/details/acompletedictio00rykagoog/page/54/mode/2up?view=theater
 | title = A complete dictionary English and Polish and Polish and English
 | last = Rykaczewski
 | first = Erazm
 | date = 1849
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
'''šálka'''/'''hrnček''':&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:tr:fincan#Türkçe|finka]] (po tatársky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* perský &lt;span lang=&quot;fa&quot;&gt;پنگان&lt;/span&gt; (pingān),&lt;ref name=&quot;sh_findžan&quot;/&gt;
* arabský &lt;span lang=&quot;ar&quot;&gt; فِنْجَان&lt;/span&gt; (finjān),&lt;ref name=&quot;sh_findžan&quot;/&gt;
* srbsko-chorvátsky ''findžan'',&lt;ref name=&quot;sh_findžan&quot;&gt;[[:wiktionary:en:findžan#Serbo-Croatian|findžan]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* ukrajinsky ''фінджа''/''findža'',&lt;ref&gt;[[:wiktionary:фінджа#Ukrainian|фінджа]] (po anglicky).&lt;/ref&gt;
* slovenské nárečia ''findža''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
 | url = https://narecie.sk/find%C5%BEa 
 | title = Slovo findža
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
'''Fín''':
* [[:w:en:Finn (ethnonym)|Finn (etnonymum)]] (po anglicky).

== Poznámky ==
&lt;References group=&quot;Pozn.&quot;/&gt;

== Pozri tiež ==
* [http://nhe.ktfke.sk/archiv/notitiae-12017/ Notitiae 1/2017] (príspevok ''DEDINA – VILLA BELCELLA A ÚZEMIE ZA ZÁSEKMI – ULTRA INDAGINES'').
* Marek, Miloš. „[https://www.academia.edu/45576365/The_Protection_of_the_Northern_Borders_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hungary_Slovakia_with_Poland_in_the_Middle_Ages_Ochrana_uhorsko_slovensko_po%C4%BEsk%C3%A9ho_pohrani%C4%8Dia_v_stredoveku The Protection of the Northern Borders of the Kingdom of Hungary (Slovakia) with Poland in the Middle Ages. - Ochrana Uhorsko (Slovensko) - Poľského Pohraničia v Stredoveku.]“ RES GESTAE. CZASOPISMO HISTORYCZNE, 2020.
* [https://www.academia.edu/6430925/Rom%C3%A1nske_obyvate%C4%BEstvo_v_%C5%A1trukt%C3%BArach_Uhorsk%C3%A9ho_kr%C3%A1%C4%BEovstva_slovak_ Bučko, Peter. Románske Obyvateľstvo v Štruktúrach Uhorského Kráľovstva (Slovak)].
* {{cite web
 |url=https://is.muni.cz/th/vw94m/DIPLOMOVA_PRACE_Sami_ethnicity.pdf
 |title=KONSTRUKCE SÁMSKÉ ETNICKÉ IDENTITY
 |last=Maixner
 |first=Miroslav
}}
* {{cite web
 |url=https://www.academia.edu/45643150/FINTA_Z_RODU_ABA_VOJVODA_A_PALAT%C3%8DN
 |title=FINTA Z RODU ABA -VOJVODA A PALATÍN
 |last=Blanár
 |first=Dominik
}}

== Referencie ==
&lt;References/&gt;

[[Category:SK/Etymológia]]
[[Category:SK/Fintice]]
[[Category:SK/Pomenovanie]]</text>
      <sha1>owk3nsnnmn5myetgwfuom62gkabjse4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/blk</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>50174</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385232</id>
      <parentid>383689</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385232</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5344" sha1="ju87wra0xtwnphgkwbwxf7bmqh4wkc9" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;User&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Time Zone&lt;/span&gt;
!ဗေဗယ်
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|ဂျာပန် (UTC +9)
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|ကိုးရီးယား (UTC +9)
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|ထုဲင်ဝမ် (UTC +8)
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==ထွားသွော့ꩻယိုကယ်ႏ==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|အဝ်ႏလွိုႏကာႏကာႏထေဖေႏဒါႏစာႏရင်ꩻ]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|ဗျူရိုကရဲစ်ဖုံႏ]]

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|ချာႏဘာႏသာႏဖဲ့ꩻ ကေားရဲဉ်ꩻခြပ်သားဖုံႏ]]


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>ju87wra0xtwnphgkwbwxf7bmqh4wkc9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/mo</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>51786</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385243</id>
      <parentid>383700</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385243</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5360" sha1="q9y390m3pmoo2l1l4odotw82jqssuda" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.
&lt;/div&gt;

Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].

Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;User&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Time Zone&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Babel&lt;/span&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==See also==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Autogenerated list]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>q9y390m3pmoo2l1l4odotw82jqssuda</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/syl</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>52502</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385247</id>
      <parentid>383705</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385247</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5714" sha1="40w8apztomjmehr1kfyu6xfj41z8dvu" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].
&lt;/div&gt;

ꠛꠦꠐꠣ ꠃꠁꠇꠤꠜꠣꠞꠍꠤꠐꠤꠔ ꠎꠥꠉꠖꠦꠅꠞꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠦ ꠀꠉꠦ (&quot;ꠐꠦꠝꠙꠞꠣꠞꠤ&quot;) ꠇꠣꠡꠐꠒꠤꠀꠘ ꠐꠥꠟꠞ ꠟꠣꠉꠤ ꠀꠛꠦꠖꠘ ꠇꠞꠍꠂꠘ ꠇꠥꠘꠥ ꠄꠉꠥ ꠜꠣꠡꠣ ꠙꠎꠦꠇ꠆ꠐꠞ ꠟꠣꠉꠤ ⁕ ꠀꠞ ꠔꠣꠞꠣ ꠜꠣꠟꠣ ꠇꠣꠝ ꠇꠞ꠆ꠞꠣ ꠖꠦꠈꠟꠦ ꠨ ꠀꠝꠞꠣ ꠅꠘꠦꠇꠡꠝꠄꠃ ꠔꠣꠞꠣꠞꠦ ꠛꠤꠡ꠆ꠡꠣꠡꠇꠞꠤ ꠡꠣꠗꠣꠞꠘ ꠛꠣꠇ ꠇꠞꠣꠞ ꠟꠣꠉꠤꠘꠃ ⁕ ꠔꠣꠁꠘ꠆ꠔꠣꠁꠘ ꠁ ꠉꠥꠡ꠆ꠐꠤꠞ ꠉꠦꠍꠦ ꠄꠇꠦꠛꠣꠞꠦ ꠇꠣꠍꠐꠒꠤꠀꠘꠞ ꠟꠣꠉꠤꠃ ꠀꠛꠦꠖꠘ ꠇꠞꠔꠣ ꠙꠣꠞꠂꠘ ⁕

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;Custodians&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== ꠡꠋꠞꠇ꠆ꠇꠘꠇꠞ꠆ꠞꠣꠁꠘ ==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!ꠛꠦꠛꠀꠞꠇꠞ꠆ꠞꠣ
!ꠎꠣꠘ꠆ꠒꠣ
!ꠡꠝꠄꠅꠞ ꠎꠦꠉꠣ
!ꠛꠣꠛꠦꠟ
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==ꠀꠞꠅ ꠖꠦꠈꠂꠘ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Autogenerated list]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>40w8apztomjmehr1kfyu6xfj41z8dvu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/tr</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>52570</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385248</id>
      <parentid>383706</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385248</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5511" sha1="45ywyd3j29snlkxxg9tavhuev6trvn5" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== Custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;User&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Time Zone&lt;/span&gt;
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Babel&lt;/span&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
==Pages that need custodial attention==
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Request custodian action]]
*[[Wikiversity:Requests for import]]
*[[:Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]
*[[Special:NewPages]]
*[[Special:ShortPages]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== Ayrıca bakınız ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:listusers/sysop|Autogenerated list]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter custodian activity]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|Test wiki custodians]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|Translation administrators]]
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>45ywyd3j29snlkxxg9tavhuev6trvn5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikiversity:Custodians/pa</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>53318</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385242</id>
      <parentid>383701</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T05:52:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>FuzzyBot</username>
        <id>31756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Updating to match new version of source page</comment>
      <origin>385242</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5440" sha1="a1r78wtl935zdqoldn99tul1yvfda7r" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages/&gt;

{{shortcut|WV:C}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity '''custodians''' (also known as administrators or sysops), are Wikiversity users who have access to technical features that help with maintenance of Wikiversity. Those features include protecting and deleting pages, blocking other editors, and undoing these actions as well.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Wikiversity participants in good standing can apply for the custodian tools at [[Wikiversity:Candidates for Custodianship]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Any user can behave in a way befitting an administrator (or moderator), even if they have not been given the extra administrative functions. However, if you spot something that does require a custodian to deal with, you can [[Wikiversity:Request custodian action|request custodian action]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Beta Wikiversity participants have in the past asked for (&quot;temporary&quot;) custodian tools for maintaining contents in a specific language. If they have shown to be doing good work, we have often trusted them in general maintainance as well. They may also ask the community for permanent custodianship.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|Bureaucrats]] form another set of Wikiversity participants, who have access to the tools which set (but not reset) [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:User rights|user rights]] and [[Special:Makebot|give bot flags]]. There is not yet any formal relationship between the set of Wikiversity bureaucrats and the set of Wikiversity custodians.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span id=&quot;Custodians&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
== ਰੱਖਿਅਕ ==

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#ccccee;&quot;
!ਵਰਤੋਂਕਾਰ
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Flag&lt;/span&gt;
!ਸਮਾਂ ਖੇਤਰ
!&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Babel&lt;/span&gt;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Crochet.david}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''fr''', en-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Kanjy}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Japan (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ja''', en-2, de-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Romaine}}
|Custodian
|
|'''nl''', en-3, de-2, fr-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Sotiale}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Korea (UTC +9)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''ko''', en-2, ja-2, bi-2, eo-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
| {{admin|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ}}
| Custodian
|
| '''syl''', en-3
|}

'''Custodian statistics:''' [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/2001-01-01/{{#time:Y-m-d}} for all time] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-1 year}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 1 year] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-6 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 6 months] • [https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/betawikiversity/{{#time:Y-m-d|-3 months}}/{{#time:Y-m-d}} 3 months]


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
== List of former custodians ==
&lt;/div&gt;

{|class=&quot;sortable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;width:100%&quot;
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Encore007}}
|Custodian
|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Taiwan (UTC +8)&lt;/span&gt;
|'''zh''', en-3, zh-classical-2, ja-1
|- style=&quot;background-color:#eeeeff;&quot;
|{{admin|Samuele2002}}
|Custodian, Bureaucrat
|
|'''it''', en-2 fr-1 la-1
|}


&lt;span id=&quot;Pages_that_need_custodial_attention&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==ਰੱਖਿਅਕਾਂ ਦੇ ਧਿਆਨ ਦੇਣ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਵਾਲੇ ਵਰਕੇ==

*[[ਵਿਕੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ:ਰੱਖਿਅਕ ਕਾਰਵਾਈ ਦੀ ਬੇਨਤੀ ਕਰੋ]]
*[[ਵਿਕੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ:ਦਰਾਮਦ ਲਈ ਬੇਨਤੀਆਂ]]
*[[:ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:ਛੇਤੀ ਮਿਟਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਉਮੀਦਵਾਰ]]
*[[ਖਾਸ:ਨਵੇਂ-ਵਰਕੇ]]
*[[ਖਾਸ:ਛੋਟੇ-ਵਰਕੇ]]

&lt;span id=&quot;See_also&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
==ਇਹ ਵੀ ਵੇਖੋ==

*[[Special:listusers/sysop|ਆਪਣੇ-ਆਪ-ਬਣਾਈ ਸੂਚੀ]]

*[https://xtools.wmflabs.org/adminstats/beta.wikiversity.org?actions=delete|revision-delete|log-delete|restore|re-block|unblock|re-protect|unprotect|rights|merge|import|abusefilter ਰੱਖਿਅਕ ਕਾਰਵਾਈ]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Bureaucrats|ਨੌਕਰਸ਼ਾਹ]]

*[[Wikiversity:Test wiki custodians|ਪ੍ਰੀਖਿਆ ਵਿਕੀ ਰੱਖਿਅਕ]]

*[[Special:MyLanguage/Wikiversity:Translation administrators|ਤਰਜਮਾ ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧਕ]]


[[Category:Wikiversity{{#translation:}}]]
[[Category:Custodians]]
[[Category:Wikiversity policy development]]

&lt;!-- Wikidata item Q4039395 --&gt;
[[ar:ويكي الجامعة:إداريون]]
[[cs:Wikiverzita:Správci]]
[[de:Wikiversity:Administratoren]]
[[el:Βικιεπιστήμιο:Επιστάτες]]
[[en:Wikiversity:Custodianship]]
[[es:Wikiversidad:Administradores]]
[[fi:Wikiopisto:Ylläpitäjät]]
[[fr:Wikiversité:Administrateur]]
[[it:Wikiversità:Amministratori]]
[[ja:Wikiversity:用務員]]
[[ko:위키배움터:관리인]]
[[pt:Wikiversidade:Administrador]]
[[ru:Викиверситет:Хранители]]
[[sl:Wikiverza:Administratorji]]
[[sv:Wikiversity:Administratörer]]
[[zh:Wikiversity:管理員]]</text>
      <sha1>a1r78wtl935zdqoldn99tul1yvfda7r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Translations:Wikiversity:Custodians/2/fr</title>
    <ns>1198</ns>
    <id>55821</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385251</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T10:27:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Crochet.david</username>
        <id>436</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Les participants de Wikiversity en règle peuvent faire une demande pour les outils de gestion à l'adresse suivante : [[$1]].&quot;</comment>
      <origin>385251</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="126" sha1="0zi8xxwuuqjvv3rkqi2windglyqqgfk" xml:space="preserve">Les participants de Wikiversity en règle peuvent faire une demande pour les outils de gestion à l'adresse suivante : [[$1]].</text>
      <sha1>0zi8xxwuuqjvv3rkqi2windglyqqgfk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Translations:Wikiversity:Custodians/3/fr</title>
    <ns>1198</ns>
    <id>55822</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385253</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T10:27:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Crochet.david</username>
        <id>436</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Tout utilisateur peut se comporter comme un administrateur (ou un modérateur), même sans disposer des fonctions administratives supplémentaires. Toutefois, si vous constatez un problème nécessitant l'intervention d'un responsable, vous pouvez [[$1|demander une intervention du responsable]].&quot;</comment>
      <origin>385253</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="296" sha1="c8igkqi5wp56oe9ye5hs4w1ve4d7lj4" xml:space="preserve">Tout utilisateur peut se comporter comme un administrateur (ou un modérateur), même sans disposer des fonctions administratives supplémentaires. Toutefois, si vous constatez un problème nécessitant l'intervention d'un responsable, vous pouvez [[$1|demander une intervention du responsable]].</text>
      <sha1>c8igkqi5wp56oe9ye5hs4w1ve4d7lj4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Translations:Wikiversity:Custodians/4/fr</title>
    <ns>1198</ns>
    <id>55823</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385255</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T10:28:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Crochet.david</username>
        <id>436</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Par le passé, des participants à la bêta de Wikiversity ont demandé des outils de gestion (« temporaires ») pour maintenir les contenus dans une langue spécifique. S'ils ont fait preuve de qualité, nous leur avons souvent confié la maintenance générale. Ils peuvent également demander à la communauté une gestion permanente.&quot;</comment>
      <origin>385255</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="340" sha1="t1k4096hioscmr8vnma600wh47fzz10" xml:space="preserve">Par le passé, des participants à la bêta de Wikiversity ont demandé des outils de gestion (« temporaires ») pour maintenir les contenus dans une langue spécifique. S'ils ont fait preuve de qualité, nous leur avons souvent confié la maintenance générale. Ils peuvent également demander à la communauté une gestion permanente.</text>
      <sha1>t1k4096hioscmr8vnma600wh47fzz10</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Translations:Wikiversity:Custodians/5/fr</title>
    <ns>1198</ns>
    <id>55824</id>
    <revision>
      <id>385257</id>
      <timestamp>2026-07-09T10:29:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Crochet.david</username>
        <id>436</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Les [[$crat|bureaucrates]] constituent un autre groupe de participants à Wikiversity, ayant accès aux outils permettant de définir (mais non de réinitialiser) les [[$1|droits des utilisateurs]] et d'attribuer des [[$2|drapeaux aux bots]]. Il n'existe pas encore de relation formelle entre les bureaucrates et les administrateurs de Wikiversity.&quot;</comment>
      <origin>385257</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="348" sha1="rzu5v7ps5atakpnt7g8iqobaa4fznyu" xml:space="preserve">Les [[$crat|bureaucrates]] constituent un autre groupe de participants à Wikiversity, ayant accès aux outils permettant de définir (mais non de réinitialiser) les [[$1|droits des utilisateurs]] et d'attribuer des [[$2|drapeaux aux bots]]. Il n'existe pas encore de relation formelle entre les bureaucrates et les administrateurs de Wikiversity.</text>
      <sha1>rzu5v7ps5atakpnt7g8iqobaa4fznyu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>