Wikipedia bswiki https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C4%8Detna_strana MediaWiki 1.39.0-wmf.22 first-letter Mediji Posebno Razgovor Korisnik Razgovor s korisnikom Wikipedia Razgovor o Wikipediji Datoteka Razgovor o datoteci MediaWiki Razgovor o MediaWikiju Šablon Razgovor o šablonu Pomoć Razgovor o pomoći Kategorija Razgovor o kategoriji Portal Razgovor o portalu TimedText TimedText talk Modul Razgovor o modulu Gadget Gadget talk Gadget definition Gadget definition talk Topic 0 4705 3426982 3188871 2022-08-01T22:59:17Z Zadrugabiografija 144323 /* Rođeni */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{MartKalendar}} '''8. mart / ožujak (8. 3)''' jest 67. dan godine po [[gregorijanski kalendar|gregorijanskom kalendaru]] (68. u [[prestupna godina|prestupnoj godini]]). Do kraja godine ima još 298 dana. == Događaji == * [[1917]] – [[Februarska revolucija]],narod Rusije diže revoluciju protiv cara [[Nikola II, car Rusije|Nikole II.]] na vlast dolazi privremena vlada na čelu sa [[Aleksandar Kerenski|Aleksandrom Fjodorovičem Kerenskim]]. * [[1953]] – Predstavljena [[Cockta]], jugoslavenska verzija Coca Cole. * [[1998]] – Počelo 33. [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u biatlonu 1998.|svjetsko prvenstvo]] u [[biatlon]]u u muškoj i 15. [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u biatlonu 1998.|prvenstvo]] u ženskoj konkurenciji, na [[Slovenija|slovenskoj]] [[Pokljuka|Pokljuki]]; * [[2010]] – [[Turska|Istočnu Tursku]] pogodio [[potres]] jačine 6,1 stepeni. 51 osoba je poginula, stotine povrijeđeno, 287 građevina je uništeno, a oko 700 teško oštećeno. == Rođeni == * [[1996]] – [[Il Luna Đogani]], Rijaliti zvjezda * [[1714]] – [[Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach]], njemački kompozitor * [[1879]] – [[Otto Hahn]], njemački hemičar i fizičar * [[1907]] – [[Konstantin Karamanlis]], grčki političar i državnik * [[1924]] – [[Georges Charpak]], [[Francuzi|francuski]] [[fizičar]] i dobitnik [[Nobelova nagrada za fiziku|Nobelove nagrade za fiziku]] 1992. * [[1933]] – [[Marko Martinović]], hrvatski i bosanskohercegovački pjesnik; * [[1946]] – [[Jasna Diklić]], bosanskohercegovačka pozorišna i filmska glumica * [[1949]] – [[Antonello Venditti]], italijanski kantautor * [[1950]] – [[Seid Memić Vajta]], bosanskohercegovački pjevač == Umrli == === 18. vijek === * [[1702]] – [[Vilim III, kralj Engleske|Vilim III]], engleski, škotski i irski kralj === 19. vijek === * [[1869]] – [[Hector Berlioz]], francuski kompozitor * [[1874]] – [[Millard Fillmore]], američki političar i predsjednik === 20. vijek === * [[1910]] – [[Risto Milić]], srpski pjesnik * [[1923]] – [[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]], holandski fizičar * [[1930]] – [[William Howard Taft]], američki političar i predsjednik * [[1942]] – [[José Raúl Capablanca]], kubanski šahista * [[1998]] – [[Mustafa Hajrulahović]], general Armije RBiH == Praznici == * [[Međunarodni dan žena]] == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat|8 March}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/8/ Na današnji dan (8. mart), BBC.co.uk] {{en simbol}} * [http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/on-this-day/march-8/ Na današnji dan (8. mart), nytimes.com] {{en simbol}} {{Mjeseci}} [[Kategorija:Mart|*-08]] d1s6p4ybt6bd00jkp0dqzvba68yzr8g 3426984 3426982 2022-08-01T23:04:04Z Zadrugabiografija 144323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{MartKalendar}} '''8. mart / ožujak (8. 3)''' jest 67. dan godine po [[gregorijanski kalendar|gregorijanskom kalendaru]] (68. u [[prestupna godina|prestupnoj godini]]). Do kraja godine ima još 298 dana. == Događaji == * [[1917]] – [[Februarska revolucija]],narod Rusije diže revoluciju protiv cara [[Nikola II, car Rusije|Nikole II.]] na vlast dolazi privremena vlada na čelu sa [[Aleksandar Kerenski|Aleksandrom Fjodorovičem Kerenskim]]. * [[1953]] – Predstavljena [[Cockta]], jugoslavenska verzija Coca Cole. * [[1998]] – Počelo 33. [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u biatlonu 1998.|svjetsko prvenstvo]] u [[biatlon]]u u muškoj i 15. [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u biatlonu 1998.|prvenstvo]] u ženskoj konkurenciji, na [[Slovenija|slovenskoj]] [[Pokljuka|Pokljuki]]; * [[2010]] – [[Turska|Istočnu Tursku]] pogodio [[potres]] jačine 6,1 stepeni. 51 osoba je poginula, stotine povrijeđeno, 287 građevina je uništeno, a oko 700 teško oštećeno. * [[1714]] – [[Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach]], njemački kompozitor * [[1879]] – [[Otto Hahn]], njemački hemičar i fizičar * [[1907]] – [[Konstantin Karamanlis]], grčki političar i državnik * [[1924]] – [[Georges Charpak]], [[Francuzi|francuski]] [[fizičar]] i dobitnik [[Nobelova nagrada za fiziku|Nobelove nagrade za fiziku]] 1992. * [[1933]] – [[Marko Martinović]], hrvatski i bosanskohercegovački pjesnik; * [[1946]] – [[Jasna Diklić]], bosanskohercegovačka pozorišna i filmska glumica * [[1949]] – [[Antonello Venditti]], italijanski kantautor * [[1950]] – [[Seid Memić Vajta]], bosanskohercegovački pjevač * 1996 Luna Đogani Rijaliti Zvezda == Umrli == === 18. vijek === * [[1702]] – [[Vilim III, kralj Engleske|Vilim III]], engleski, škotski i irski kralj === 19. vijek === * [[1869]] – [[Hector Berlioz]], francuski kompozitor * [[1874]] – [[Millard Fillmore]], američki političar i predsjednik === 20. vijek === * [[1910]] – [[Risto Milić]], srpski pjesnik * [[1923]] – [[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]], holandski fizičar * [[1930]] – [[William Howard Taft]], američki političar i predsjednik * [[1942]] – [[José Raúl Capablanca]], kubanski šahista * [[1998]] – [[Mustafa Hajrulahović]], general Armije RBiH == Praznici == * [[Međunarodni dan žena]] == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat|8 March}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/8/ Na današnji dan (8. mart), BBC.co.uk] {{en simbol}} * [http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/on-this-day/march-8/ Na današnji dan (8. mart), nytimes.com] {{en simbol}} {{Mjeseci}} [[Kategorija:Mart|*-08]] oh66ia2541m3mujvvba8vtellevcy2o 3427005 3426984 2022-08-02T04:51:18Z KWiki 9400 Vraćene izmjene korisnika [[Special:Contributions/Zadrugabiografija|Zadrugabiografija]] ([[User talk:Zadrugabiografija|razgovor]]) na posljednju izmjenu korisnika [[User:AnToni|AnToni]] wikitext text/x-wiki {{MartKalendar}} '''8. mart / ožujak (8. 3)''' jest 67. dan godine po [[gregorijanski kalendar|gregorijanskom kalendaru]] (68. u [[prestupna godina|prestupnoj godini]]). Do kraja godine ima još 298 dana. == Događaji == * [[1917]] – [[Februarska revolucija]],narod Rusije diže revoluciju protiv cara [[Nikola II, car Rusije|Nikole II.]] na vlast dolazi privremena vlada na čelu sa [[Aleksandar Kerenski|Aleksandrom Fjodorovičem Kerenskim]]. * [[1953]] – Predstavljena [[Cockta]], jugoslavenska verzija Coca Cole. * [[1998]] – Počelo 33. [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u biatlonu 1998.|svjetsko prvenstvo]] u [[biatlon]]u u muškoj i 15. [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u biatlonu 1998.|prvenstvo]] u ženskoj konkurenciji, na [[Slovenija|slovenskoj]] [[Pokljuka|Pokljuki]]; * [[2010]] – [[Turska|Istočnu Tursku]] pogodio [[potres]] jačine 6,1 stepeni. 51 osoba je poginula, stotine povrijeđeno, 287 građevina je uništeno, a oko 700 teško oštećeno. == Rođeni == * [[1491]] – [[Il Rosso Fiorentino]], italijanski slikar * [[1714]] – [[Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach]], njemački kompozitor * [[1879]] – [[Otto Hahn]], njemački hemičar i fizičar * [[1907]] – [[Konstantin Karamanlis]], grčki političar i državnik * [[1924]] – [[Georges Charpak]], [[Francuzi|francuski]] [[fizičar]] i dobitnik [[Nobelova nagrada za fiziku|Nobelove nagrade za fiziku]] 1992. * [[1933]] – [[Marko Martinović]], hrvatski i bosanskohercegovački pjesnik; * [[1946]] – [[Jasna Diklić]], bosanskohercegovačka pozorišna i filmska glumica * [[1949]] – [[Antonello Venditti]], italijanski kantautor * [[1950]] – [[Seid Memić Vajta]], bosanskohercegovački pjevač == Umrli == === 18. vijek === * [[1702]] – [[Vilim III, kralj Engleske|Vilim III]], engleski, škotski i irski kralj === 19. vijek === * [[1869]] – [[Hector Berlioz]], francuski kompozitor * [[1874]] – [[Millard Fillmore]], američki političar i predsjednik === 20. vijek === * [[1910]] – [[Risto Milić]], srpski pjesnik * [[1923]] – [[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]], holandski fizičar * [[1930]] – [[William Howard Taft]], američki političar i predsjednik * [[1942]] – [[José Raúl Capablanca]], kubanski šahista * [[1998]] – [[Mustafa Hajrulahović]], general Armije RBiH == Praznici == * [[Međunarodni dan žena]] == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat|8 March}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/8/ Na današnji dan (8. mart), BBC.co.uk] {{en simbol}} * [http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/on-this-day/march-8/ Na današnji dan (8. mart), nytimes.com] {{en simbol}} {{Mjeseci}} [[Kategorija:Mart|*-08]] qy6s93d9i0dpdft0ejr2lidncrf4k07 0 6042 3427047 2989988 2022-08-02T11:27:00Z Palapa 383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija osoba | ime = Azra Akin | slika = Azra Akın (2004).jpg | veličina_slike = | opis = | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1981|12|8}} | mjesto_rođenja = Almelo, Holandija | datum_smrti = | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = | druga_imena = | zanimanje = | godine_aktivnosti = | poznat_po = | značajna_djela = }} '''Azra Akın''' je [[Turska|tursko]]-[[Holandija|holandski]] model, koja je bila krunisana za [[Miss Svijeta]] [[2002]]. godine na godišnjem izboru održanom [[7. decembar|7. decembra]] 2002. godine<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1696&dat=20021208&id=BEUbAAAAIBAJ&pg=5650,948472&hl=en|title=Daily News - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com|access-date=2022-08-02}}</ref> u [[Palača Alexandra|Alexandra palači]] u [[London]]u, [[Englska]], gdje je Azra predstavljala Tursku. Rodila se [[8. decembar|8. decembra]] [[1981]]. godine u holadskom gradu [[Almelo]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.azraakin.com/6,biyografi|title=BİYOGRAFİ|website=www.azraakin.com|access-date=2022-08-02}}</ref> Njeni roditelji su se iz Turske preselili u Holadniju, gdje je Azra i odrasla. Akın uživa u [[balet]]u, te svira [[Flauta|flautu]]. Također je dobila nagradu za najljepšu žensku [[Haljina|haljinu]]. Kada je imala 17 godina, izabrana je za najbolji ženski model Turske [[1998]]. godine. [[2003]]. godine, osvojila je zlatnu medalju, kada je učestvovala u britanskom [[Reality Show|reality show]]-u ''[[The Games (TV Show)|The Games]]''. {{commonscat|Azra Akin}} {{stub-biog}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Akin, Azra}} [[Kategorija:Biografije, Almelo]] [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1981.]] mv29t0zymci3kss4u6wpkwkeyggherg 0 6988 3426891 3425102 2022-08-01T12:28:22Z Boja02 98016 /* R */ wikitext text/x-wiki Ovaj spisak [[film]]ova ide po '''abecednom''', a ne hronološkom redu; dakle, nazive upisivati prema prvom slovu (npr., ''[[Ničija zemlja (film)|Ničija zemlja]]'' ide pod "N"). U samim člancima koristiti već postojeće šablone. {{TOC}} == # == {{div col|2}} * ''[[10 minuta]]'' * ''[[10 razloga zašto te mrzim]]'' * ''[[12 gnjevnih ljudi (1957)|12 gnjevnih ljudi]]'' * ''[[12 godina ropstva (film)|12 godina ropstva]]'' * ''[[12 majmuna]]'' * ''[[12 žigosanih]]'' * ''[[12 žigosanih 2: Sljedeći zadatak]]'' * ''[[16 blokova]]'' * ''[[1941 (film)|1941.]]'' * ''[[2001: Odiseja u svemiru (film)|2001: Odiseja u svemiru]]'' * ''[[2012 (film)|2012]]'' * ''[[300 (film)|300]]'' * ''[[39 stepenica]]'' * ''[[8½]]'' * ''[[8 Mile (film)|8 Mile]]'' {{div col end}} == A == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Adamovo rebro]]'' * ''[[Adaptacija (film)|Adaptacija]]'' * [[Afera Thomasa Crowna (1968)|''Afera Thomasa Crowna'' (1968)]] * [[Afera Thomasa Crowna (1999)|''Afera Thomasa Crowna'' (1999)]] * ''[[Afrička kraljica]]'' * ''[[Agatha]]'' * ''[[Aguirre, gnjev Božiji]]'' * [[Alamo (1960)|''Alamo'' (1960)]] * ''[[Aleksandar (film)|Aleksandar]]'' * ''[[Alice više ne stanuje ovdje]]'' * ''[[Alien: Osmi putnik]]'' * ''[[Alien: Uskrsnuće]]'' * ''[[Alien 3]]'' * ''[[Aliens]]'' * ''[[Amadeus (film)|Amadeus]]'' * ''[[Amarcord]]'' * ''[[Američka noć]]'' * ''[[Američka pita]]'' * ''[[Američka pita 2]]'' * ''[[Američka pita: Bratstvo Beta]]'' * ''[[Američka pita: Gola milja]]'' * ''[[Američka pita: Knjiga ljubavi]]'' * ''[[Američka pita: Muzički kamp]]'' * ''[[Američka pita: Okupljanje]]'' * ''[[Američka pita: Vjenčanje]]'' * ''[[Američka ljepota]]'' * ''[[Američka prevara]]'' * ''[[Amerikanac u Parizu (film)|Amerikanac u Parizu]]'' * ''[[Amistad (film)|Amistad]]'' * ''[[Anakonda 1]]'' * ''[[Anakonda 2]]'' * ''[[Anatomija jednog ubistva]]'' * ''[[Andaluzijski pas]]'' * ''[[Andrej Rubljov (film)|Andrej Rubljov]]'' * ''[[Annie Hall]]'' * ''[[Antonia (film)|Antonia]]'' * ''[[Apartman (film)|Apartman]]'' * ''[[Apokalipsa danas]]'' * ''[[Apollo 13]]'' * ''[[Apsolutna moć (1997)|Apsolutna moć]]'' * ''[[Argo (2012)|Argo]]'' * ''[[Armagedon (1998)|Armagedon]]'' * ''[[Astronautova žena]]'' * [[Avanture Sherlocka Holmesa (1939)|''Avanture Sherlocka Holmesa'' (1939)]] * ''[[Avanture Sherlocka Holmesa ili Zarobljen radi ucjene]]'' * ''[[Avatar (2009)|Avatar]]'' * ''[[Avijatičar]]'' {{div col end}} == B == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Babetteina gozba]]'' * ''[[Bagdadski lopov (1940)|Bagdadski lopov]]'' * ''[[Balkan ekspres]]'' * ''[[Balkan ekspres 2]]'' * ''[[Bande New Yorka]]'' * ''[[Banka (1915)|Banka]]'' * ''[[Barba Žvane]]'' * ''[[Barbarske invazije]]'' * ''[[Barry Lyndon]]'' * ''[[Barski pjevač]]'' * ''[[Baskervilski pas]]'' ** [[Baskervilski pas (1914)|1914.]] ** [[Baskervilski pas (1921)|1921.]] ** [[Baskervilski pas (1929)|1929.]] ** [[Baskervilski pas (1939)|1939.]] * ''[[Batman (1989)|Batman]]'' * ''[[Batman i Robin (film)|Batman i Robin]]'' * ''[[Batman: Početak]]'' * ''[[Batman protiv Supermana: Zora pravde]]'' * ''[[Batman se vraća]]'' * ''[[Batman zauvijek]]'' * ''[[Bazen smrti]]'' * ''[[Ben (film)|Ben]]'' * ''[[Ben-Hur (1959)|Ben-Hur]]'' * ''[[Beskrajni dan]]'' * ''[[Bezdan (film)|Bezdan]]'' * ''[[Bez izlaza]]'' * ''[[Biber i so (film)|Biber i so]]'' * ''[[Bijeg iz Alcatraza]]'' * ''[[Bijeg u pobjedu]]'' * ''[[Bijeli lovac, crno srce]]'' * ''[[Bijeli prah]]'' * ''[[Bijes]]'' * ''[[Bijes pod kontrolom]]'' * ''[[Bili smo vojnici]]'' * ''[[Bilo jednom na Divljem zapadu]]'' * ''[[Bilo jednom u Americi]]'' * ''[[Bilo jednom u Hollywoodu]]'' * ''[[Bilo jednom u Meksiku]]'' * ''[[Bilježnica (2004)|Bilježnica]]'' * ''[[Bird (1988)|Bird]]'' * ''[[Birdman]]'' * ''[[Bitka na Neretvi (film)|Bitka na Neretvi]]'' * ''[[Bitka za Sevastopolj]]'' * ''[[Bjegunac (1993)|Bjegunac]]'' * ''[[Bježi (film)|Bježi]]'' * ''[[Blade (film)|Blade]]'' * ''[[Blade 2]]'' * ''[[Blade: Trojstvo]]'' * ''[[Blago Sierra Madre (1948)|Blago Sierra Madre]]'' * ''[[Blijedi jahač]]'' * ''[[Bliski odnosi]]'' * ''[[Bliski susreti treće vrste]]'' * ''[[Boemska rapsodija (film)|Boemska rapsodija]]'' * ''[[Bogati i čudni]]'' * ''[[Boja novca]]'' * ''[[Boja purpura]]'' * ''[[Bonnie i Clyde (film)|Bonnie i Clyde]]'' * ''[[Borat: učenje o Amerika kultura za boljitak veličanstveno država Kazahstan]]'' * ''[[Božićna pustolovina]]'' * ''[[Božićni duhovi]]'' * ''[[Božiji grad]]'' * ''[[Božiji oklop]]'' * ''[[Božiji oklop 2: Operacija "Kondor"]]'' * ''[[Braća Grimm (film)|Braća Grimm]]'' * ''[[Brak na italijanski način]]'' * ''[[Breezy]]'' * ''[[Brisač (film)|Brisač]]'' * ''[[Brodolom života]]'' * ''[[Bronco Billy]]'' * ''[[Brodvejska melodija]]'' * ''[[Brzi i žestoki]]'' * ''[[Brzi i žestoki (2009)|Brzi i žestoki: Povratak]]'' * ''[[Brzi i žestoki 5]]'' * ''[[Brzi i žestoki 6]]'' * ''[[Brzina (film)|Brzina]]'' * ''[[Brzina 2]]'' * ''[[Brzo vjenčanje u taksiju]]'' * ''[[Bulworth]]'' * ''[[Bull Durham]]'' * ''[[Burleska o Carmen]]'' * ''[[Butch Cassidy i Sundance Kid]]'' {{div col end}} == C == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Cabirijine noći]]'' * ''[[Capernaum (film)|Capernaum]]'' * ''[[Capote (film)|Capote]]'' * ''[[Carol (film)|Carol]]'' * ''[[Carstvo sunca (film)|Carstvo sunca]]'' * ''[[Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]'' * [[Casino Royale (1967)|''Casino Royale'' (1967)]] * [[Casino Royale (2006)|''Casino Royale'' (2006)]] * ''[[Castaway on the Moon]]'' * ''[[Cat Ballou]]'' * ''[[Cirkus Columbia (film)|Cirkus Columbia]]'' * ''[[Charlie i tvornica čokolade (film)|Charlie i tvornica čokolade]]'' * ''[[Charliejevi anđeli (film)|Charliejevi anđeli]]'' * ''[[Charliejevi anđeli 2]]'' * ''[[Charlotteina mreža (1973)|Charlotteina mreža]]'' * ''[[Chicago (film)|Chicago]]'' * ''[[Chisum]]'' * ''[[Cimarron (1931)|Cimarron]]'' * ''[[Cinema Paradiso]]'' * ''[[Cirkus (1928)|Cirkus]]'' * [[Conan barbarin (1982)|''Conan barbarin'' (1982)]] * [[Conan barbarin (2011)|''Conan barbarin'' (2011)]] * ''[[Conan razarač]]'' * ''[[Creed (film)|Creed]]'' * ''[[Crna mačka, beli mačor]]'' * ''[[Crni član Ku Klux Klana]]'' * ''[[Crni Orfej]]'' * ''[[Crni panter (film)|Crni panter]]'' * ''[[Crno-bijelo u boji]]'' * ''[[Crvena rijeka (1948)|Crvena rijeka]]'' * ''[[Crveni (film)|Crveni]]'' * ''[[Cvijet moje tajne]]'' * [[Cyrano de Bergerac (1990)|''Cyrano de Bergerac'' (1990)]] {{div col end}} == Č == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Čamac za spašavanje (1944)|Čamac za spašavanje]]'' * ''[[Čarobnjak iz Oza (1939)|Čarobnjak iz Oza]]'' * ''[[Čast Prizzijevih]]'' * ''[[Četiri prijatelja]]'' * ''[[Četiri sobe]]'' * ''[[Četiri vjenčanja i sprovod]]'' * ''[[Čime sam to zaslužila?]]'' * ''[[Čistači cipela (film)|Čistači cipela]]'' * ''[[Čokolada (2000)|Čokolada]]'' * ''[[Čovjek koji bi da bude kralj]]'' * [[Čovjek koji je previše znao (1934)|''Čovjek koji je previše znao'' (1934)]] * [[Čovjek koji je previše znao (1956)|''Čovjek koji je previše znao'' (1956)]] * ''[[Čovjek na žici]]'' * ''[[Čovjek sa zlatnim pištoljem (film)|Čovjek sa zlatnim pištoljem]]'' * ''[[Čovjek za sva vremena (1966)|Čovjek za sva vremena]]'' * ''[[Čovjek zvan Hrabrost]]'' * ''[[Čudesni Spiderman]]'' * ''[[Čudo sa Hudsona]]'' * ''[[Čudo u 34. ulici]]'' * ''[[Čuvari zakona (1998)|Čuvari zakona]]'' {{div col end}} == Ć == * ''[[Ćao, inspektore]]'' == D == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Dah smrti]]'' * ''[[Daleki horizonti]]'' * ''[[Daleki rođaci]]'' * ''[[Daleki rođaci 2]]'' * ''[[Daleki rođaci 3]]'' * [[Dama s kamelijama (1936)|''Dama s kamelijama'' (1936)]] * ''[[Dan isplate (1922)|Dan isplate]]'' * [[Dan kad je Zemlja stala (1951)|''Dan kad je Zemlja stala'' (1951)]] * ''[[Dan kad su opljačkali Banku Engleske]]'' * ''[[Dan obuke]]'' * ''[[Dan pun posla]]'' * ''[[Danteov vrh]]'' * ''[[Daredevil (film)|Daredevil]]'' * ''[[Das Attentat – Sarajevo 1914]]'' * ''[[Davitelj protiv davitelja]]'' * ''[[Deadpool (film)|Deadpool]]'' * ''[[Debeli i mršavi]]'' * ''[[Dersu Uzala (1975)|Dersu Uzala]]'' * ''[[Deset u pola]]'' * ''[[Deset zapovijedi (1956)|Deset zapovijedi]]'' * ''[[Deveta vrata]]'' * ''[[Dijamanti su vječni (film)|Dijamanti su vječni]]'' * ''[[Diplomac (1967)|Diplomac]]'' * ''[[Diskretni šarm buržoazije]]'' * ''[[Divan život]]'' * ''[[Diverzanti (film)|Diverzanti]]'' * ''[[Divlja horda]]'' * ''[[Divlje pčele (film)|Divlje pčele]]'' * [[Djeca kukuruza (1984)|''Djeca kukuruza'' (1984)]] * [[Djeca kukuruza (2009)|''Djeca kukuruza'' (2009)]] * ''[[Djeca kukuruza 2]]'' * ''[[Djeca kukuruza 3]]'' * ''[[Djeca kukuruza 4]]'' * ''[[Djeca kukuruza 5]]'' * ''[[Djeca kukuruza 666: Isaacov povratak]]'' * ''[[Djeca kukuruza 7]]'' * ''[[Djeca kukuruza 8]]'' * ''[[Djevičanski izvor]]'' * ''[[Djevojka od milion dolara]]'' * ''[[Djevojka s bisernom naušnicom (film)|Djevojka s bisernom naušnicom]]'' * ''[[Djevojka s naslovnice]]'' * ''[[Doba nevinosti (1993)|Doba nevinosti]]'' * ''[[Dobar, loš, zao]]'' * ''[[Dobri momci]]'' * ''[[Dobro uštimani mrtvaci]]'' * ''[[Dogodilo se jedne noći]]'' * ''[[Dokona klasa]]'' * ''[[Doktor Živago (film)|Doktor Živago]]'' * ''[[Dolazak (film)|Dolazak]]'' * ''[[Dolina straha (1916)|Dolina straha]]'' * ''[[Dolina vukova]]'' * ''[[Dom za vješanje]]'' * ''[[Don Juan DeMarco]]'' * ''[[Donnie Brasco (film)|Donnie Brasco]]'' * ''[[Doručak kod Tiffanyja (1961)|Doručak kod Tiffanyja]]'' * ''[[Dozvola za brak]]'' * ''[[Dozvola za Fockere]]'' * ''[[Dozvola za male Fockere]]'' * ''[[Dozvola za ubistvo (1989)|Dozvola za ubistvo]]'' ([[James Bond]]) * ''[[Dozvola za ubistvo (1975)|Dozvola za ubistvo]]'' ([[Clint Eastwood]]) * ''[[Dr. No (film)|Dr. No]]'' * ''[[Dr. Strangelove]]'' * ''[[Dragulj s Nila]]'' * ''[[Društvena mreža (film)|Društvena mreža]]'' * ''[[Društvo mrtvih pjesnika]]'' * [[Državni neprijatelj (1931)|''Državni neprijatelj'' (1931)]] * ''[[Drž'te lopova!]]'' * ''[[Dugo toplo ljeto]]'' * ''[[Dunkirk (film)|Dunkirk]]'' * ''[[Dvadeset minuta ljubavi]]'' * ''[[Dvoboj (1971)|Dvoboj]]'' {{div col end}} == Dž == * ''[[Džentlmenski sporazum]]'' * ''[[Džungla na asfaltu]]'' == E == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Ed Wood (film)|Ed Wood]]'' * ''[[Edward Škaroruki]]'' * ''[[Ekipa iz Indiane]]'' * ''[[Elizabeta (film)|Elizabeta]]'' * ''[[Engleski pacijent (film)|Engleski pacijent]]'' * ''[[Epizoda u životu berača željeza]]'' * ''[[Erin Brockovich (film)|Erin Brockovich]]'' * ''[[E. T.]]'' * ''[[Excalibur (film)|Excalibur]]'' {{div col end}} == F == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Fanny i Alexander]]'' * ''[[Fantomska nit]]'' * ''[[Fetih 1453 (film)|Fetih 1453]]'' * ''[[Filadelfijska priča]]'' * ''[[Forrest Gump (film)|Forrest Gump]]'' * ''[[Francuska veza]]'' * ''[[Francuska veza 2]]'' * [[Frankenstein (1931)|''Frankenstein'' (1931)]] * ''[[Freddy je mrtav: Posljednja mora]]'' * ''[[Freddy protiv Jasona]]'' * ''[[Full Metal Jacket]]'' {{div col end}} == G == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Gandhi (1982)|Gandhi]]'' * ''[[Gangsteri (2009)|Gangsteri]]'' * ''[[Gas do daske]]'' * ''[[Gas do daske 2]]'' * ''[[Gas do daske 3]]'' * ''[[Genijalni um]]'' * ''[[Gigi (1958)|Gigi]]'' * ''[[Gladijator (film)|Gladijator]]'' * ''[[Glup i gluplji]]'' * ''[[Godina opasnog življenja]]'' * ''[[Goldfinger (film)|Goldfinger]]'' * ''[[Golf-klub (film)|Golf-klub]]'' * ''[[Goonies]]'' * ''[[Gori vatra]]'' * ''[[Gosford Park]]'' * ''[[Gospodar i ratnik: Daleka strana svijeta]]'' * ''[[Gospodar prstenova: Dvije kule]]'' * ''[[Gospodar prstenova: Povratak kralja]]'' * ''[[Gospodar prstenova: Prstenova družina]]'' * [[Gospodin i gospođa Smith (1941)|''Gospodin i gospođa Smith'' (1941)]] * [[Gospodin i gospođa Smith (2005)|''Gospodin i gospođa Smith'' (2005)]] * ''[[Gospodin Verdoux]]'' * ''[[Gospodin Vincent]]'' * [[Gospođa koja nestaje (1938)|''Gospođa koja nestaje'' (1938)]] * ''[[Gospođa Miniver]]'' * ''[[Građanin Kane]]'' * ''[[Građanin opasnih namjera]]'' * ''[[Gran Torino (2008)|Gran Torino]]'' * ''[[Grand Budapest Hotel]]'' * ''[[Grand Hotel (1932)|Grand Hotel]]'' * ''[[Gravitacija (film)|Gravitacija]]'' * ''[[Grbavica (film)|Grbavica]]'' * ''[[Greben spasa]]'' * ''[[Grof (film)|Grof]]'' * ''[[Grofica iz Hong Konga]]'' * ''[[Gušter (1990)|Gušter]]'' {{div col end}} == H == {{div col|2}} * [[Hamlet (1948)|''Hamlet'' (1948)]] * ''[[Harold i Maude]]'' * ''[[Harry Potter i Kamen mudraca (film)|Harry Potter i Kamen mudraca]]'' * ''[[Harry Potter i Odaja tajni (film)|Harry Potter i Odaja tajni]]'' * ''[[Harry Potter i zatočenik Azkabana (film)|Harry Potter i zatočenik Azkabana]]'' * ''[[Harry Potter i Plameni pehar (film)|Harry Potter i Plameni pehar]]'' * ''[[Harry Potter i Red feniksa (film)|Harry Potter i Red feniksa]]'' * ''[[Harry Potter i Princ miješane krvi (film)|Harry Potter i Princ miješane krvi]]'' * ''[[Harry Potter i Darovi smrti: 1. dio]]'' * ''[[Harry Potter i Darovi smrti: 2. dio]]'' * ''[[Harvey (film)|Harvey]]'' * ''[[Hazarder]]'' * ''[[Herkules (1997)|Herkules]]'' * ''[[High School Musical]]'' * ''[[High School Musical 2]]'' * ''[[Hitch]]'' * ''[[Hladnokrvni kažnjenik]]'' * ''[[Hladnokrvno ubistvo (film)|Hladnokrvno ubistvo]]'' * ''[[Hodočasnik (1923)|Hodočasnik]]'' * ''[[Hod po rubu]]'' * ''[[Hrabro srce]]'' * ''[[Hrid (film)|Hrid]]'' * ''[[Hud (1963)|Hud]]'' * ''[[Hugo (film)|Hugo]]'' {{div col end}} == I == {{div col|2}} * ''[[I tvoju mamu također]]'' * ''[[Ida (film)|Ida]]'' * ''[[Idući svojim putem]]'' * ''[[Igra (film)|Igra]]'' * ''[[Igra imitacije]]'' * ''[[Igračka (film)|Igračka]]'' * ''[[Imaš poruku]]'' * ''[[Indiana Jones i Kraljevstvo kristalne lobanje]]'' * ''[[Indiana Jones i posljednji krstaški pohod]]'' * ''[[Indiana Jones i ukleti hram]]'' * ''[[Indokina (film)|Indokina]]'' * [[Invazija tjelokradica (1956)|''Invazija tjelokradica'' (1956)]] * ''[[Invictus (film)|Invictus]]'' * ''[[Irac (film)|Irac]]'' * ''[[Isijavanje (1980)|Isijavanje]]'' * ''[[Iskupljenje u Shawshanku]]'' * ''[[Ispijeni suncem]]'' * ''[[Ispod vulkana]]'' * ''[[Istinite laži]]'' * ''[[Istiniti zločin (1999)|Istiniti zločin]]'' * ''[[Istraga nad besprijekornim građaninom]]'' * ''[[Istrebljivač]]'' * ''[[Iz pakla]]'' * ''[[Iz Rusije s ljubavlju]]'' * ''[[Iza neprijateljskih linija]]'' * ''[[Iza velikog ekrana]]'' * ''[[Izgubljeni u prijevodu]]'' * ''[[Izgubljeni vikend (film)|Izgubljeni vikend]]'' * ''[[Između života i smrti]]'' * ''[[Iznenadni udar]]'' {{div col end}} == J == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Ja i moji dvojnici]]'' * ''[[Ja, ja i Irena]]'' * ''[[Jackie Brown]]'' * ''[[Jason ide u pakao]]'' * ''[[Jason X]]'' * ''[[J. Edgar (2011)|J. Edgar]]'' * ''[[Jedan čovjek i jedna žena (film)|Jedan čovjek i jedna žena]]'' * ''[[Jedan sat ujutro (1916)|Jedan sat ujutro]]'' * ''[[Jerry Maguire]]'' * ''[[Jersey Boys (film)|Jersey Boys]]'' * ''[[Jeza u noći]]'' * ''[[JFK (film)|JFK]]'' * ''[[Joker (2019)|Joker]]'' * ''[[Jučer, danas, sutra]]'' * ''[[Julieta (film)|Julieta]]'' * ''[[Jurski park (1993)|Jurski park]]'' * ''[[Jurski park 3]]'' * ''[[Jurski park: Izgubljeni svijet]]'' * ''[[Jurski svijet]]'' {{div col end}} == K == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Kad bi ulica Beale mogla pričati (film)|Kad bi ulica Beale mogla pričati]]'' * ''[[Kad budem mrtav i beo]]'' * ''[[Kad jaganjci utihnu (film)|Kad jaganjci utihnu]]'' * ''[[Kad je Harry sreo Sally...]]'' * ''[[Kad porastem biću Kengur]]'' * ''[[Kako je bila zelena moja dolina (film)|Kako je bila zelena moja dolina]]'' * ''[[Kako je počeo rat na mom otoku]]'' * ''[[Kapetan Phillips]]'' * ''[[Karakter (film)|Karakter]]'' * ''[[Karaula (film)|Karaula]]'' * ''[[Kasino (film)|Kasino]]'' * ''[[Kavalkada (1933)|Kavalkada]]'' * ''[[Kika (film)|Kika]]'' * ''[[Kill Bill]] * ''[[Kill Bill 2]]'' * ''[[Kineska četvrt (film)|Kineska četvrt]]'' * ''[[King Kong (1933)|King Kong]]'' * ''[[Kišni čovjek]]'' * ''[[Kleopatra (film)|Kleopatra]]'' * ''[[Klizalište (film)|Klizalište]]'' * ''[[Klopka (1999)|Klopka]]'' * ''[[Klub boraca (film)|Klub boraca]]'' * ''[[Ko je ovdje lud?]]'' * ''[[Ko to kuca na moja vrata?]]'' * ''[[Ko to tamo peva]]'' * ''[[Kockar i bludnica]]'' * ''[[Kod amidže Idriza]]'' * ''[[Kolos s Rodosa (film)|Kolos s Rodosa]]'' * ''[[Kolja (film)|Kolja]]'' * ''[[Komadi iz snova]]'' * ''[[Koncentriši se, baba]]'' * ''[[Kontakt (film)|Kontakt]]'' * ''[[Kotlovina (film)|Kotlovina]]'' * ''[[Kozara (film)|Kozara]]'' * ''[[Koža u kojoj živim]]'' * ''[[Kradljivci bicikla]]'' * ''[[Kraj mora (1915)|Kraj mora]]'' * ''[[Kralj komedije (1983)|Kralj komedije]]'' * ''[[Kraljev govor (film)|Kraljev govor]]'' * ''[[Kralj u New Yorku]]'' * ''[[Kramer protiv Kramera]]'' * ''[[Krčma "Jamaica"]]'' * ''[[Krila (film)|Krila]]'' * ''[[Krivotvoritelji]]'' * ''[[Kroz tamno ogledalo]]'' * ''[[Krug (film)|Krug]]'' * ''[[Krug 2]]'' * ''[[Krvna slika (2002)|Krvna slika]]'' * ''[[Kućna pravila]]'' * ''[[Kuda ideš, Aida?]]'' * ''[[Kuduz]]'' * ''[[Kuka (film)|Kuka]]'' * ''[[Kull Osvajač]]'' * ''[[Kum (film)|Kum]]'' * ''[[Kum 2]]'' * ''[[Kum 3]]'' * ''[[Kundun]]'' * ''[[Kutak za sporni trenutak]]'' * ''[[Kvaka 22 (film)|Kvaka 22]]'' {{div col end}} == L == {{div col|2}} * ''[[L. A. povjerljivo]]'' * ''[[Labirint strasti]]'' * ''[[Lady Bird]]'' * ''[[Lahku noć i sretno]]'' * ''[[La La Land (film)|La La Land]]'' * ''[[Lassie se vraća kući (film)|Lassie se vraća kući]]'' * ''[[Laura (1944)|Laura]]'' * ''[[Lav (film)|Lav]]'' * ''[[Lawrence od Arabije (film)|Lawrence od Arabije]]'' * ''[[Legenda o jeseni]]'' * ''[[Legenda o Zorru]]'' * ''[[Legendarni Tombstone]]'' * ''[[Le Havre (film)|Le Havre]]'' * ''[[Lepa sela lepo gore]]'' * ''[[Lepota poroka]]'' * ''[[Let iznad kukavičijeg gnijezda (film)|Let iznad kukavičijeg gnijezda]]'' * ''[[Lice na podu bara (1914)|Lice na podu bara]]'' * [[Lice s ožiljkom (1932)|''Lice s ožiljkom'' (1932)]] * [[Lice s ožiljkom (1983)|''Lice s ožiljkom'' (1983)]] * ''[[Liga pravde (film)|Liga pravde]]'' * ''[[Lijek (1917)|Lijek]]'' * ''[[Limeni bubanj (film)|Limeni bubanj]]'' * ''[[Lolita]]'' * [[Lolita (1962)|1962.]] * [[Lolita (1997)|1997.]] * ''[[Lopovi prve klase]]'' * ''[[Loš odgoj]]'' * ''[[Lov na "Crveni oktobar" (film)|Lov na "Crveni oktobar"]]'' * ''[[Lov na zeleni dijamant]]'' * ''[[Lovac na jelene]]'' * ''[[Lovac na ljude]]'' * ''[[Ludo bogati Azijati (film)|Ludo bogati Azijati]]'' * ''[[Ludo krstarenje]]'' * ''[[Lutalica (film)|Lutalica]]'' {{div col end}} == Lj == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Ljevoruki revolveraš]]'' * ''[[Ljepotica i zvijer (1991)|Ljepotica i zvijer]]'' * ''[[Ljubav (2012)|Ljubav]]'' * ''[[Ljudi u crnom (film)|Ljudi u crnom]]'' * ''[[Ljudi u crnom 2]]'' * ''[[Ljudi u crnom 3]]'' * ''[[Ljupke kosti]]'' {{div col end}} == M == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Mabelin bračni život]]'' * ''[[Mačak pod šljemom]]'' * ''[[Mačka na vrućem limenom krovu (film)|Mačka na vrućem limenom krovu]]'' * ''[[Madame Rosa]]'' * ''[[Magareće godine (film)|Magareće godine]]'' * ''[[Mahmurluk (film)|Mahmurluk]]'' * ''[[Mahmurluk 2]]'' * ''[[Mahmurluk 3]]'' * ''[[Mahnitost (1972)|Mahnitost]]'' * ''[[Major Bauk]]'' * ''[[Majstori, majstori]]'' * ''[[Mala pljačka voza]]'' * ''[[Mali Buddha]]'' * ''[[Mali Cezar (film)|Mali Cezar]]'' * ''[[Mali vojnici]]'' * ''[[Mališan (1921)|Mališan]]'' * ''[[Malo dobrih ljudi]]'' * ''[[Malteški soko (1941)|Malteški soko]] * ''[[Manchester pored mora (film)|Manchester pored mora]]'' * ''[[Maratonci trče počasni krug]]'' * ''[[Marnie (1964)|Marnie]]'' * ''[[Marsovac: Spasilačka misija]]'' * ''[[Maršal (1999)|Maršal]]'' * ''[[Marty (film)|Marty]]'' * ''[[M*A*S*H (film)|M*A*S*H]]'' * [[Maska (1985)|''Maska'' (1985)]] * [[Maska (1994)|''Maska'' (1994)]] * ''[[Maskara (1914)|Maskara]]'' * ''[[Matador (film)|Matador]]'' * ''[[Maverick (film)|Maverick]]'' * ''[[Mediterraneo]]'' * ''[[Međuzvjezdani]]'' * ''[[Mefisto (1981)|Mefisto]]'' * ''[[Meksikanac (film)|Meksikanac]]'' * ''[[Melanholija (film)|Melanholija]]'' * ''[[Memento]]'' * ''[[Memoari jedne gejše (film)|Memoari jedne gejše]]'' * ''[[Milioner s ulice]]'' * ''[[Miris dunja]]'' * ''[[Mirna ulica (film)|Mirna ulica]]'' * ''[[Mistična rijeka]]'' * ''[[Mjesečina (film)|Mjesečina]]'' * ''[[Mladi Sherlock Holmes]]'' * ''[[Mliječni put (film)|Mliječni put]]'' * ''[[Moderna vremena]]'' * ''[[Moj brat Aleksa]]'' * ''[[Moj mali poni: film]]'' * ''[[Moj mali poni: Djevojke iz Ekvestrije (film)|Moj mali poni: Djevojke iz Ekvestrije]]'' * ''[[Moj mali poni: Djevojke iz Ekvestrije – Rainbow rok]] * ''[[Moj ujak]]'' * ''[[Moja Afrika (film)|Moja Afrika]]'' * ''[[Moja lijepa gospođice]]'' * ''[[Moja strana svijeta]]'' * ''[[Moje lijevo stopalo]]'' * ''[[Moje pjesme, moji snovi]]'' * ''[[Momci iz Maxovog bara]]'' * ''[[Moskva suzama ne vjeruje]]'' * ''[[Most (film)|Most]]'' * ''[[Most na rijeci Kwai]]'' * ''[[Most sudbine]]'' * ''[[Most špijuna (film)|Most špijuna]]'' * ''[[Mostovi okruga Madison (1995)|Mostovi okruga Madison]]'' * ''[[Mostovi Sarajeva (film)|Mostovi Sarajeva]]'' * [[Moulin Rouge (1952)|''Moulin Rouge'' (1952)]] * ''[[Moulin Rouge!]]'' * ''[[Mračne navike]]'' * ''[[Mrska osmorka]]'' * ''[[Mrtav čovjek]]'' * ''[[Mulholland Drive (film)|Mulholland Drive]]'' * ''[[Muškarci koji mrze žene (2011)|Muškarci koji mrze žene]]'' * ''[[München (film)|München]]'' * ''[[My Little Pony: The Movie (1986)|My Little Pony]]'' {{div col end}} == N == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Na dokovima New Yorka]]'' * ''[[Na mesto, građanine pokorni]]'' * ''[[Na okuci rijeke]]'' * ''[[Na putu (film)|Na putu]]'' * ''[[Na zapadu ništa novo (1930)|Na zapadu ništa novo]]'' * ''[[Na zmajevom putu]]'' * ''[[Nacionalna klasa]]'' * ''[[Nacionalna Velvet]]'' * ''[[Nader i Simin se rastaju]]'' * ''[[Nadglednik (1916)|Nadglednik]]'' * ''[[Nadnica za strah (film)|Nadnica za strah]]'' * ''[[Nafaka (film)|Nafaka]]'' * ''[[Najbolje godine naših života]]'' * ''[[Najmračniji sat]]'' * ''[[Najveća predstava na svijetu]]'' * ''[[Napad (film)|Napad]]'' * [[Napad na Policijsku stanicu 13 (1976)|''Napad na Policijsku stanicu 13'' (1976)]] * [[Napad na Policijsku stanicu 13 (2005)|''Napad na Policijsku stanicu 13'' (2005)]] * ''[[Naplata duga]]'' * ''[[Narednik James]]'' * ''[[Narodni poslanik (film)|Narodni poslanik]]'' * ''[[Nashville (film)|Nashville]]'' * ''[[Naša svakodnevna priča]]'' * ''[[Nazovi M radi ubistva]]'' * ''[[Nebo boje vanilije]]'' * ''[[Nebo iznad krajolika]]'' * ''[[Nedjelje sa Cybele]]'' * ''[[Neka daleka svjetlost]]'' * ''[[Neki to vole vruće (film)|Neki to vole vruće]]'' * ''[[Nema zemlje za starce (film)|Nema zemlje za starce]]'' * ''[[Nemilosrdni gadovi]]'' * ''[[Nemoguća misija (film)|Nemoguća misija]]'' * ''[[Nemoguća misija 2]]'' * ''[[Nemoguća misija 3]]'' * ''[[Nemoguća misija: Odmetnuti]]'' * ''[[Nemoguća misija: Protokol duh]]'' * ''[[Nemoralna ponuda]]'' * ''[[Neobični slučaj Benjamina Buttona (film)|Neobični slučaj Benjamina Buttona]]'' * ''[[Nepomirljivi (1992)|Nepomirljivi]]'' * ''[[Nepoznati zaštitnik]]'' * ''[[Neprilagođeni]]'' * ''[[Neslavno slavna Florence]]'' * ''[[Nestala (2014)|Nestala]]'' * ''[[Nestali Rembrandt]]'' * ''[[Nevolja s Harryjem]]'' * ''[[New York, New York (1977)|New York, New York]]'' * ''[[Ničija budala]]'' * ''[[Ničija zemlja (film)|Ničija zemlja]]'' * ''[[Nigdje u Africi]]'' * ''[[Nije vrijeme za umiranje]]'' * ''[[Nikad ne reci nikad]]'' * ''[[Ninočka]]'' * ''[[Nirnberški proces (film)|Nirnberški proces]]'' * ''[[Noći i jutra]]'' * ''[[Noć na predstavi]]'' * ''[[Noć na zemlji]]'' * ''[[Noćna kretanja]]'' * ''[[Noćni provod (film)|Noćni provod]]'' * ''[[Nokaut (film)|Nokaut]]'' * ''[[Nova noćna mora Wesa Cravena]]'' * ''[[Novi pazikuća]]'' * ''[[Novine (film)|Novine]]'' {{div col end}} == Nj == {{div col}} * ''[[Njegov novi posao]]'' * ''[[Njegova muzička karijera]]'' * ''[[Njegova nova profesija]]'' * ''[[Njegova prahistorijska prošlost]]'' * ''[[Njegova regeneracija]]'' * ''[[Njegovo mjesto za ljubakanje]]'' * ''[[Njen prijatelj bandit]]'' * ''[[Njujorške priče]]'' {{div col end}} == O == {{div col|2}} * ''[[O kao "osveta"]]'' * ''[[Obični ljudi (film)|Obični ljudi]]'' * ''[[Oblik vode]]'' * ''[[Obveznica (film)|Obveznica]]'' * ''[[Oceanovih 11]]'' * ''[[Oceanovih 12]]'' * ''[[Oceanovih 13]]'' * ''[[Octopussy]]'' * ''[[Oči širom zatvorene]]'' * ''[[O desno rame]]'' * ''[[Od kolijevke pa do groba]]'' * ''[[Od zlata jabuka]]'' * ''[[Odavde do vječnosti]]'' * ''[[Odbjegla nevjesta]]'' * ''[[Odbjegli Django]]'' * ''[[Odlasci (film)|Odlasci]]'' * ''[[Odmetnik Josey Wales]]'' * ''[[Odvažna gospoda]]'' * ''[[Oficir i džentlmen]]'' * ''[[Ograde (film)|Ograde]]'' * ''[[Oko sokolovo (2008)|Oko sokolovo]]'' * ''[[Oliver!]]'' * ''[[Omiljena (film)|Omiljena]]'' * ''[[Opasna djevojka]]'' * ''[[Opasne veze]]'' * ''[[Opasni potezi]]'' * ''[[Opatica i komesar]]'' * ''[[Opčinjena Mjesecom]]'' * [[Operacija "Grom" (film)|Operacija "Grom"]]'' * [[Operacija "Svemir" (film)|Operacija "Svemir"]]'' * ''[[Operacija "Swordfish"]]'' * ''[[Opsjednuta (2009)|Opsjednuta]]'' * [[Optužena (1988)|''Optužena'' (1988)]] * ''[[Orao (film)|Orao]]'' * ''[[Orlovi rano lete (film)|Orlovi rano lete]]'' * ''[[Orlovo gnijezdo]]'' * ''[[Ostavljeni]]'' * ''[[Ostrvo Shutter (film)|Ostrvo Shutter]]'' * ''[[Otac na službenom putu]]'' * ''[[Otimači izgubljenog kovčega]]'' * ''[[Otok Largo (film)|Otok Largo]]'' * ''[[Otok ljubavi]]'' * ''[[Otporan na smrt]]'' * ''[[Ovčar (film)|Ovčar]]'' * ''[[Ovo malo duše]]'' * ''[[Ozloglašena (1946)|Ozloglašena]]'' * ''[[Označen za ubistvo]]'' {{div col end}} == P == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Paganini (film)|Paganini]]'' * ''[[Pakao (film)|Pakao]]'' * ''[[Paklena naranča (film)|Paklena naranča]]'' * ''[[Pakleni šund]]'' * ''[[Parazit (film)|Parazit]]'' * ''[[Parižanka (film)|Parižanka]]'' * [[Parker (2013)|''Parker'' (2013)]] * ''[[Partizanska eskadrila]]'' * ''[[Pasje popodne]]'' * ''[[Pasji vojnici]]'' * [[Pasji život (1918)|''Pasji život'' (1918)]] * ''[[Patton (film)|Patton]]'' * ''[[Pelle Osvajač]]'' * ''[[Pepi, Luci, Bom]]'' * [[Petak 13 (1980)|''Petak 13'' (1980)]] * [[Petak 13 (2009)|''Petak 13'' (2009)]] * ''[[Petak 13. II]]'' * ''[[Petak 13. III]]'' * ''[[Petak 13. VI: Jason je živ]]'' * ''[[Petak 13. VII: Nova krv]]'' * ''[[Petak 13. VIII: Jason na Manhattanu]]'' * ''[[Petak 13: Novi početak]]'' * ''[[Petak 13: Završno poglavlje]]'' * ''[[Peti element]]'' * ''[[Pijanist (film)|Pijanist]]'' * [[Pink Panther (2006)|''Pink Panther'' (2006)]] * ''[[Pirati s Kariba: Mrtvačeva škrinja]]'' * ''[[Pirati s Kariba: Na čudnijim plimama]]'' * ''[[Pirati s Kariba: Na kraju svijeta]]'' * ''[[Pirati s Kariba: Prokletstvo Crnog bisera]]'' * ''[[Pirati s Kariba: Salazarova osveta]]'' * ''[[Pisma s Iwo Jime]]'' * ''[[Pjevajmo na kiši (1952)|Pjevajmo na kiši]]'' * ''[[Plač u tami]]'' * ''[[Plačljivko (film)|Plačljivko]]'' * [[Plaćenici (2010)|''Plaćenici'' (2010)]] * ''[[Planina Brokeback]]'' * ''[[Plava munja]]'' * ''[[Plavi baršun]]'' * ''[[Ples s vukovima]]'' * ''[[Plešimo zajedno]]'' * ''[[Plin za smijanje (1914)|Plin za smijanje]]'' * ''[[Pobješnjeli Max]]'' * ''[[Pobješnjeli Max 2: Cestovni ratnik]]'' * ''[[Pobješnjeli Max 3: Thunderdome]]'' * ''[[Pobješnjeli Max 4: Divlja cesta]]'' * [[Pobuna na "Bountyju"|Pobuna na brodu "Bounty"]] ** [[Pobuna na brodu "Bounty" (1935)|1935.]] ** [[Pobuna na brodu "Bounty" (1962)|1962.]] ** [[Pobuna na brodu "Bounty" (1984)|1984.]] * ''[[Po cijenu života]]'' * ''[[Poderana zavjesa]]'' * ''[[Pod lupom]]'' * ''[[Pod opsadom]]'' * ''[[Pod opsadom 2]]'' * ''[[Pod zastavom Muhammeda]]'' * ''[[Pogled na ubistvo]]'' * ''[[Pogrešno optužen]]'' * ''[[Pokojni (film)|Pokojni]]'' * ''[[Policija (1916)|Policija]]'' * ''[[Polje snova]]'' * ''[[Poljubac ubice]]'' * ''[[Ponoć u vrtu Dobra i Zla]]'' * ''[[Ponoćni kauboj]]'' * ''[[Ponos Yankeeja]]'' * ''[[Porodična zavjera]]'' * ''[[Portret Jennie (film)|Portret Jennie]]'' * ''[[Poslovni klub Dallas]]'' * ''[[Posljednja bitka]]'' * ''[[Posljednje Kristovo iskušenje (film)|Posljednje Kristovo iskušenje]]'' * ''[[Posljednji kineski car]]'' * ''[[Posljednji samuraj]]'' * ''[[Posljednji tango u Parizu]]'' * ''[[Poštanska kočija (film)|Poštanska kočija]]'' * ''[[Poštar (film)|Poštar]]'' * ''[[Poštar uvijek zvoni dvaput (roman)|Poštar uvijek zvoni dvaput]]'' ** [[Poštar uvijek zvoni dvaput (1946)|1946.]] ** [[Poštar uvijek zvoni dvaput (1981)|1981.]] * ''[[Povratak na početak]]'' * ''[[Povratak u budućnost]]'' * ''[[Povratak u budućnost 2]]'' * ''[[Povratak u budućnost 3]]'' * ''[[Povratak Mary Poppins]]'' * ''[[Povratne flaše (film)|Povratne flaše]]'' * ''[[Povratnik (film)|Povratnik]]'' * ''[[Praznik u Rimu]]'' * ''[[Praznik u Sarajevu]]'' * ''[[Prebrzi i prežestoki]]'' * ''[[Predskazanje (film)|Predskazanje]]'' * ''[[Presuda (1982)|Presuda]]'' * ''[[Priča o opatici (film)|Priča o opatici]]'' * ''[[Priča sa zapadne strane (film)|Priča sa zapadne strane]]'' * ''[[Pričaj s njom]]'' * ''[[Prije noći]]'' * ''[[Prije sumraka]]'' * ''[[Prije svitanja]]'' * ''[[Primer (film)|Primer]]'' * ''[[Pripremite maramice]]'' * ''[[Privedite osumnjičene]]'' * ''[[Prljavi Harry]]'' * ''[[Prljavi Harry 2]]'' * ''[[Prljavi Harry 3]]'' * ''[[Prljavi Harry 4]]'' * ''[[Prljavi Harry 5]]'' * ''[[Probuđena savjest]]'' * ''[[Profesor (film)|Profesor]]'' * ''[[Prohujalo s vihorom (film)|Prohujalo s vihorom]]'' * ''[[Projekt: Vještica iz Blaira]]'' * ''[[Prometej (film)|Prometej]]'' * ''[[Prometej 2]]'' * ''[[Prozor u dvorište (1954)|Prozor u dvorište]]'' * ''[[Psi iz rezervoara]]'' * [[Psiho (1960)|''Psiho'' (1960)]] * ''[[Ptica na žici]]'' * ''[[Ptice (1963)|Ptice]]'' * ''[[Purpurna ruža Kaira]]'' * ''[[Pustolov (film)|Pustolov]]'' * ''[[Put do uništenja]]'' * ''[[Put oko svijeta u 80 dana]]'' ** [[Put oko svijeta u 80 dana (1956)|1956.]] ** [[Put oko svijeta u 80 dana (2004)|2004.]] * ''[[Put u Indiju (film)|Put u Indiju]]'' * ''[[Putnici ljubavnici]]'' * ''[[Putovanje puno nade]]'' {{div col end}} == Q == * [[Quo vadis (1951)|''Quo vadis'' (1951)]] == R == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Rad (film)|Rad]]'' * ''[[Radio Flyer (film)|Radio Flyer]]'' * ''[[Ralje Film)|Ralje]]'' * ''[[Rambo]]'' * ''[[Rambo 2]]'' * ''[[Rambo 3]]'' * ''[[Rambo 4]]'' * ''[[Rane (film)|Rane]]'' * ''[[Rashomon]]'' * ''[[Rat i mir (1967)|Rat i mir]]'' * ''[[Rat ruža]]'' * ''[[Rat svjetova (roman)|Rat svjetova]]'' ** [[Rat svjetova (1953)|1953.]] ** ''[[Rat svjetova (2005)|2005.]] * ''[[Ratovi zvijezda I: Fantomska prijetnja]]'' * ''[[Ratovi zvijezda II: Klonovi napadaju]]'' * ''[[Ratovi zvijezda III: Osveta Sitha]]'' * ''[[Ratovi zvijezda IV: Nova nada]]'' * ''[[Ratovi zvijezda V: Carstvo uzvraća udarac]]'' * ''[[Ratovi zvijezda VI: Povratak Jedija]]'' * ''[[Ratovi zvijezda: Posljednji Jedi]]'' * ''[[Ratovi zvijezda: Sila se budi]]'' * ''[[Ratovi zvijezda: Uspon Skywalkera]]'' * ''[[Ray (film)|Ray]]'' * ''[[Razjareni bik]]'' * ''[[Raznosač (film)|Raznosač]]'' * [[Rebecca (1940)|''Rebecca'' (1940)]] * ''[[Rekreacija (film)|Rekreacija]]'' * ''[[Rekviziter (film)|Rekviziter]]'' * ''[[Remake (film)|Remake]]'' * ''[[Ringu]]'' * ''[[Rio Bravo (film)|Rio Bravo]]'' * ''[[RoboCop]]'' * ''[[RoboCop 2]]'' * [[RoboCop (2014)|''RoboCop'' (2014)]] * ''[[RoboCop 3]]'' * ''[[Rocky]]'' * ''[[Rocky 2]]'' * ''[[Rocky 3]]'' * ''[[Rocky 4]]'' * ''[[Rocky 5]]'' * ''[[Rocky Balboa (2006)|Rocky Balboa]]'' * ''[[Rođen (1990)|Rođen]]'' * ''[[Rođen 4. jula]]'' * ''[[Roma (film)|Roma]]'' * ''[[Roman za žene (češki film)|Roman za žene]]'' * ''[[Romansa u Seattleu]]'' * ''[[Romeo mora umrijeti]]'' * [[Rt straha (1962)|''Rt straha'' (1962)]] * [[Rt straha (1991)|''Rt straha'' (1991)]] * ''[[Ruke ubice]]'' * ''[[Rundaši (1914)|Rundaši]]'' {{div col end}} == S == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Sagorijevanje (film)|Sagorijevanje]]'' * ''[[Samo dvaput se živi (film)|Samo dvaput se živi]]'' * ''[[Samo za tvoje oči (film)|Samo za tvoje oči]]'' * ''[[Samuraj (1954)|Samuraj]]'' * ''[[Sanjiva dolina (1999)|Sanjiva dolina]]'' * ''[[Sasvim lično]]'' * ''[[Sati]]'' * ''[[Saulov sin]]'' * ''[[Savršeni svijet (1993)|Savršeni svijet]]'' * ''[[Savršeno ubistvo]]'' * ''[[Schindlerova lista]]'' * ''[[Sedam (film)|Sedam]]'' * ''[[Sedam godina vjernosti]]'' * ''[[Sedmorica veličanstvenih]]'' * ''[[Sevdah za Karima]]'' * ''[[Serpico]]'' * ''[[Shane (film)|Shane]]'' * [[Sherlock Holmes]] ** [[Sherlock Holmes (1916)|1916.]] ** [[Sherlock Holmes (1922)|1922.]] ** [[Sherlock Holmes (2009)|2009.]] * ''[[Sherlock Holmes: Igra sjenki]]'' * ''[[Sirove strasti]]'' * ''[[Sjaj (film)|Sjaj]]'' * ''[[Sjaj u travi]]'' * ''[[Sjećaš li se Dolly Bell?]]'' * ''[[Sjene tame]]'' * ''[[Sjenka sumnje]]'' * ''[[Sjever-sjeverozapad]]'' * ''[[Skidajmo se do kraja]]'' * ''[[Skitnica (film)|Skitnica]]'' * ''[[Skrivene brojke]]'' * ''[[Skyfall]]'' * ''[[Slagalica strave]]'' * ''[[Slagalica strave 2]]'' * ''[[Slagalica strave 3]]'' * ''[[Slagalica strave 3D]]'' * ''[[Slagalica strave 4]]'' * ''[[Slagalica strave 5]]'' * ''[[Slagalica strave 6]]'' * ''[[Slagalica strave: Naslijeđe]]'' * ''[[Slava i bol]] * ''[[Slomljena strijela]]'' * ''[[Slomljeni zagrljaji]]'' * ''[[Slučaj "Paradine"]]'' * ''[[Slučaj "Pelikan"]]'' * ''[[Smoking (film)|Smoking]]'' * ''[[Smrt u Sarajevu]]'' * ''[[Smrtonosno oružje]]'' * ''[[Smrtonosno oružje 2]]'' * ''[[Smrtonosno oružje 3]]'' * ''[[Smrtonosno oružje 4]]'' * ''[[Snajperist (2014)|Snajperist]]'' * ''[[Snijeg (film)|Snijeg]]'' * ''[[Snjegovi Kilimanjara (1952)|Snjegovi Kilimanjara]]'' * ''[[Snjeguljica i sedam patuljaka (1937)|Snjeguljica i sedam patuljaka]]'' * ''[[Snježno kraljevstvo]]'' * ''[[Soba panike]]'' * ''[[Solaris (2002)|Solaris]]'' * ''[[Sonikov film]]'' * ''[[S one strane]]'' * [[Spartak (1960)|''Spartak'' (1960)]] * ''[[Spašavanje vojnika Ryana]]'' * ''[[Specijalni izvještaj (film)|Specijalni izvještaj]]'' * ''[[Spectre (2015)|Spectre]]'' * ''[[Spužva Bob Skockani: film|Spužva Bob Skockani]]'' * ''[[Spužva Bob Skockani: Spužva na suhom]]'' * ''[[Srce od čelika (film)|Srce od čelika]]'' * ''[[Srebrni kalež]]'' * ''[[Srebrni Trak (1937)|Srebrni Trak]]'' * ''[[Stalag 17]]'' * ''[[Stargate (film)|Stargate]]'' * ''[[Stargate: Arka istine]]'' * ''[[Staze slave]]'' * ''[[Stojan Mutikaša (film)|Stojan Mutikaša]]'' * ''[[Strah i prezir u Las Vegasu]]'' * ''[[Strah i želja]]'' * ''[[Stranci u vozu (1951)|Stranci u vozu]]'' * ''[[Stranputica]]'' * ''[[Strava u Ulici brijestova]]'' * [[Strava u Ulici brijestova (2010)|''Strava u Ulici brijestova'' (2010)]] * ''[[Strava u Ulici brijestova 2: Freddyjeva osveta]]'' * ''[[Strava u Ulici brijestova 3: Ratnici snova]]'' * ''[[Strava u Ulici brijestova 4: Gospodar snova]]'' * ''[[Strava u Ulici brijestova 5: Dijete snova]]'' * ''[[Strava u Ulici brijestova 6: Freddy je mrtav]]'' * ''[[Strogo kontrolirani vozovi]]'' * ''[[Studengora]]'' * ''[[Stvor (1982)|Stvor]]'' * ''[[Sudar (film)|Sudar]]'' * ''[[Sudar titana (2010)|Sudar titana]] * ''[[Sully (film)|Sully]]'' * ''[[Sunčana strana]]'' * ''[[Superman (1978)|Superman]]'' * ''[[Superman II: Verzija Richarda Donnera]]'' * ''[[Superman: Povratak]]'' * ''[[Sutra nikad ne umire]]'' * ''[[Sve je cool]]'' * ''[[Sve je osvijetljeno]]'' * ''[[Sve o Evi]]'' * ''[[Sve o mojoj majci]]'' * ''[[Svemirski kauboji]]'' * ''[[Svi kraljevi ljudi (1949)|Svi kraljevi ljudi]]'' * ''[[Svi predsjednikovi ljudi]]'' * ''[[Svijet nije dovoljan]]'' * ''[[Svitanje (1927)|Svitanje]]'' * ''[[Svjedok optužbe (film)|Svjedok optužbe]]'' * ''[[Svjetla pozornice (1952)|Svjetla pozornice]]'' * ''[[Svjetla velegrada]]'' * ''[[Sweeney Todd: Đavolji brijač iz Fleet Streeta]]'' {{div col end}} == Š == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Šakal (film)|Šakal]]'' * ''[[Šampion (1915)|Šampion]]'' * ''[[Šangajiran (1915)|Šangajiran]]'' * ''[[Šangajski vitezovi]]'' * ''[[Šangajsko podne]]'' * ''[[Šesto čulo (film)|Šesto čulo]]'' * ''[[Špijun koji me volio (film)|Špijun koji me volio]]'' * ''[[Šta muči Gilberta Grapea]]'' * ''[[Što je muškarac bez brkova?]]'' * ''[[Šutnja (2016)|Šutnja]]'' {{div col end}} == T == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Tačno u podne]]'' * ''[[Tajna u njihovim očima]]'' * ''[[Tajne (češki film)|Tajne]]'' * [[Tajni agent (1936)|''Tajni agent'' (1936)]] * ''[[Tajni prozor]]'' * [[Taksi (1998)|''Taksi'' (1998)]] ** ''[[Taksi 2]]'' ** ''[[Taksi 3]]'' ** ''[[Taksi 4]]'' * [[Taksi (2004)|''Taksi'' (2004)]] * ''[[Taksist]]'' * ''[[Tanka crvena linija]]'' * ''[[Tarzan, čovjek-majmun]]'' * ''[[Tarzan i Amazonke]]'' * ''[[Tarzan i lovkinja]]'' * ''[[Tarzan i njegov sin]]'' * ''[[Tarzan i njegova žena]]'' * ''[[Tarzan i sirene]]'' * ''[[Tarzan i žena-leopard]]'' * ''[[Tarzan u New Yorku]]'' * ''[[Tarzanov bijeg]]'' * ''[[Tarzanov trijumf]]'' * ''[[Tarzanova pustinjska misterija]]'' * ''[[Tarzanovo tajno blago]]'' * ''[[Teorija zavjere (film)|Teorija zavjere]]'' * ''[[Teret krivnje (film)|Teret krivnje]]'' * ''[[Terminal (film)|Terminal]]'' * ''[[Terminator (1984)|Terminator]]'' * ''[[Terminator 2: Sudnji dan]]'' * ''[[Terminator 3: Pobuna mašina]]'' * ''[[Terminator: Spasenje]]'' * ''[[Tesna koža]]'' * ''[[Tesna koža 2]]'' * ''[[Tesna koža 3]]'' * ''[[Teško je biti fin]]'' * ''[[The Doors (film)|The Doors]]'' * ''[[The Skulls]]'' * ''[[Tigar i zmaj]]'' * ''[[Tigrovi (film)|Tigrovi]]'' * ''[[Tijesto i dinamit]]'' * ''[[Ti ljubavni jadi]]'' * ''[[Tintinove avanture]]'' * [[Titanic (1997)|''Titanic'' (1997)]] * ''[[Tjelohranitelj (film)|Tjelohranitelj]]'' * ''[[Tko pjeva zlo ne misli]]'' * ''[[Tok vremena (film)|Tok vremena]]'' * ''[[Tokyo Drift]]'' * ''[[Tom Jones (film)|Tom Jones]]'' * ''[[Topaz (1969)|Topaz]]'' * ''[[Topovi s Navaronea (film)|Topovi s Navaronea]]'' * ''[[Totalni opoziv]]'' * ''[[Traffic]]'' * ''[[Tragači]]'' * ''[[Tramvaj zvan čežnja (1951)|Tramvaj zvan čežnja]]'' * ''[[Transformeri (film)|Transformeri]]'' * ''[[Transformeri: Doba izumiranja]]'' * ''[[Transformeri: Osveta poraženog]]'' * ''[[Transformeri: Tamna strana Mjeseca]]'' * ''[[Treći čovjek]]'' * ''[[Trgovina na korzu]]'' * ''[[Tri muškarca i beba]]'' * ''[[Tri muškarca i drvena noga]]'' * ''[[Tri plakata izvan grada]]'' * ''[[Trijaža (2009)|Trijaža]]'' * ''[[Trijumf Sherlocka Holmesa]]'' * ''[[Trinaesti ratnik]]'' * ''[[Troja (film)|Troja]]'' * ''[[Trostruka nevolja (1918)|Trostruka nevolja]]'' * ''[[Trzalica sudbine]]'' * ''[[Tsotsi]]'' * ''[[Tuđa zemlja]]'' * ''[[Tunel (film)|Tunel]]'' * ''[[Turbo: A Power Rangers Movie]]'' * ''[[Twinky (film)|Twinky]]'' {{div col end}} == U == {{div col|2}} * ''[[U boljem svijetu]]'' * ''[[U dobru i u zlu]]'' * ''[[U grob ništa ne nosiš (film)|U grob ništa ne nosiš]]'' * ''[[U parku]]'' * ''[[U potrazi za Nedođijom]]'' * ''[[U raljama zakona]]'' * ''[[U sitne sate]]'' * ''[[U službi Njenog veličanstva (film)|U službi Njenog veličanstva]]'' * ''[[U šumi]]'' * ''[[U vrelini noći]]'' * ''[[U zamci]]'' * ''[[U zemlji krvi i meda]]'' * ''[[U zmajevom gnijezdu]]'' * ''[[U znaku jednoroga]]'' * ''[[Ubice (film)|Ubice]]'' * ''[[Ubiti pticu rugalicu (film)|Ubiti pticu rugalicu]]'' * ''[[Ubistvo u "Orient Expressu"]]'' ** [[Ubistvo u "Orient Expressu" (1974)|1974.]] ** [[Ubistvo u "Orient Expressu" (2001)|2001.]] ** [[Ubistvo u "Orient Expressu" (2017)|2017.]] * [[Ucjena (1929)|''Ucjena'' (1929)]] * [[Ucjena (1996)|''Ucjena'' (1996)]] * ''[[Uhvaćen na kiši]]'' * ''[[Uhvati me ako možeš]]'' * ''[[Uhvatite maloga]]'' * ''[[Ulica (film)|Ulica]]'' * ''[[Ulice zla]]'' * ''[[Umjetnik (film)|Umjetnik]]'' * ''[[Umri drugi dan]]'' * ''[[Umri muški]]'' * ''[[Umri muški 2]]'' * ''[[Umri muški 3]]'' * ''[[Umri muški 4.0]]'' * ''[[Upoznajte Joea Blacka]]'' * ''[[Upoznavanje (1914)|Upoznavanje]]'' * ''[[Usamljeni osvetnik (2013)|Usamljeni osvetnik]]'' * ''[[Useljenik (1917)|Useljenik]]'' * ''[[Usijanje]]'' * ''[[Usnuli kardinal]]'' * ''[[Utrka života]]'' * ''[[Uvijek (1989)|Uvijek]]'' * ''[[Uzaludna pljačka]]'' * ''[[Uže (film)|Uže]]'' * ''[[Užitak jednog dana]]'' {{div col end}} == V == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Valter brani Sarajevo]]'' * ''[[Vatrena lisica (1982)|Vatrena lisica]]'' * ''[[Vatrene kočije]]'' * ''[[Vatrogasac (1916)|Vatrogasac]]'' * ''[[Već viđeno]]'' * ''[[Velika ljepota]]'' * ''[[Veliki (1988)|Veliki]]'' * ''[[Veliki diktator]]'' * ''[[Veliki gazda]]'' * ''[[Veliki grad (1987)]]'' * ''[[Veliki hakleri]]'' * ''[[Veliki Ziegfeld]]'' * ''[[Veži me!]]'' * ''[[Vicky Cristina Barcelona]]'' * ''[[Visoke potpetice (film)|Visoke potpetice]]'' * ''[[Vitez tame]]'' * ''[[Vitez tame: Povratak]]'' * ''[[Vještačka inteligencija (1981)|Vještačka inteligencija]]'' * ''[[Vještica iz Blaira 2: Knjiga sjenki]]'' * ''[[Vještice iz Eastwicka]]'' * ''[[Vod smrti]]'' * ''[[Vojničina]]'' * ''[[Voz pun love]]'' * ''[[Vozeći gospođicu Daisy]]'' * ''[[Vraćam se]]'' * ''[[Vrata pakla (film)|Vrata pakla]]'' * ''[[Vrijeme nježnosti]]'' * ''[[Vrisak (film)|Vrisak]]'' * ''[[Vrisak 2]]'' * ''[[Vrisak 3]]'' * ''[[Vrisak 4]]'' * ''[[Vrt Finzi Continijevih (film)|Vrt Finzi Continijevih]]'' * ''[[Vrtoglavica (film)|Vrtoglavica]]'' * ''[[Vuk s Wall Streeta]]'' {{div col end}} == W == * ''[[Wolverine (film)|Wolverine]]'' * ''[[Wyatt Earp (film)|Wyatt Earp]]'' == X == {{div col|2}} * ''[[X-15 (film)|X-15]]'' * ''[[X-men (2000)|X-men]]'' * ''[[X-men 2]]'' * ''[[X-men: Apokalipsa]]'' * ''[[X-men: Dani buduće prošlosti]]'' * ''[[X-men: Počeci: Wolverine]]'' * ''[[X-men: Posljednje uporište]]'' * ''[[X-men: Prva klasa]]'' {{div col end}} == Z == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Z (film)|Z]]'' * ''[[Zabranjene igre]]'' * ''[[Začaran (2000)|Začaran]]'' * ''[[Začarana (1945)|Začarana]]'' * ''[[Za dolar više]]'' * ''[[Zajednički sto i postelja]]'' * ''[[Zakon požude]]'' * ''[[Zalagaonica (film)|Zalagaonica]]'' * ''[[Zaljubljeni Shakespeare]]'' * ''[[Zamjena (2008)|Zamjena]]'' * ''[[Za one koji ne mogu da govore]]'' * ''[[Zasjeda (1977)|Zasjeda]]'' * ''[[Zastave naših očeva]]'' * ''[[Za šaku dinamita]]'' * ''[[Za šaku dolara]]'' * ''[[Zauvijek mlad]]'' * ''[[Zbunjeni Sherlock Holmes]]'' * ''[[Zdrpi i briši]]'' * ''[[Zelena knjiga (film)|Zelena knjiga]]'' * ''[[Zelena milja]]'' * ''[[Zgodna žena]]'' * ''[[Zidovi Malapage]]'' * ''[[Zlatna groznica (1925)|Zlatna groznica]]'' * ''[[Zlatna vremena (film)|Zlatna vremena]]'' * ''[[Zlatno oko]]'' * ''[[Zmajev poljubac]]'' * ''[[Zmajeva igra smrti]]'' * ''[[Zmajeva šaka]]'' * ''[[Znak četverice]]'' ** [[Znak četverice (1923)|1923.]] ** [[Znak četverice (1932)|1932.]] * ''[[Zodiac (film)|Zodiac]]'' * [[Zona sumraka (1985)|''Zona sumraka'' (1985)]] * ''[[Zona Zamfirova]]'' * ''[[Zorro: Maskirani osvetnik]]'' * ''[[Zrno utjehe]]'' * ''[[Zvanična verzija]]'' * [[Zvijezda je rođena (1937)|''Zvijezda je rođena'' (1937)]] * [[Zvijezda je rođena (1954)|''Zvijezda je rođena'' (1954)]] * [[Zvijezda je rođena (1976)|''Zvijezda je rođena'' (1976)]] * [[Zvijezda je rođena (2018)|''Zvijezda je rođena'' (2018)]] * ''[[Zvjezdane staze (2009)|Zvjezdane staze]]'' * ''[[Zvjezdane staze: S one strane]]'' * ''[[Zvjezdane staze: U tami]]'' {{div col end}} == Ž == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Žal (film)|Žal]]'' * ''[[Žaoka (film)|Žaoka]]'' * ''[[Žena (1915)|Žena]]'' * ''[[Žena-jastreb (film)|Žena-jastreb]]'' * ''[[Žena kojoj sam čitao (film)|Žena kojoj sam čitao]]'' * ''[[Žena u crvenom]]'' * ''[[Žene na rubu nervnog sloma]]'' * ''[[Žestoki udar]]'' * ''[[Živi i mrtvi (film)|Živi i mrtvi]]'' * ''[[Živi i pusti umrijeti (film)|Živi i pusti umrijeti]]'' * ''[[Živo meso (film)|Živo meso]]'' * ''[[Život drugih]]'' * ''[[Život Émilea Zole]]'' * ''[[Život je lijep]]'' * ''[[Život je more (film)|Život je more]]'' * ''[[Život poslije života (2010)|Život poslije života]]'' {{div col end}} == Također pogledajte == * [[Film]] * [[Hronološki spisak bosanskohercegovačkih filmova]] * [[Hronološki spisak jugoslavenskih filmova]] * [[Oscar]] * [[Oscar za najbolji film]] [[Kategorija:Film]] tjioasymbm3icv5q4r3u6l8i6wia8ei 0 7696 3426895 3412669 2022-08-01T12:35:46Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija hemijski element | Hemijski element = Polonij | Simbol = Po | Atomski broj = 84 | Serija = [[Metal (hemija)|Metali]] | Grupa = 16 | Perioda = 6 | Blok = p | Boja serije = DarkGray | Izgled = srebrenasti metal | Zastupljenost = 2,1 · 10^-15<ref name="binder" /> | Atomska masa = 209,98 | Atomski radijus = 190 | Atomski radijus izračunat = 135 | Kovalentni radijus = 140 | Van der Waalsov radijus = 197<ref name="manjera" /> | Elektronska konfiguracija = &#x5B;[[Ksenon|Xe]]&#x5D; 4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²6p⁴ | Elektroni u energetskom nivou = 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 6 | Energija ionizacije_1 = 812,1 | Agregatno stanje = čvrsto | Mohsova skala tvrdoće = | Struktura kristala = kubična primitivna (α-Po)<br>romboedarska (β-Po) | Gustoća = 9196 | CAS registarski broj = 7440-08-6 | Magnetizam = nemagnetičan | Tačka topljenja_K = 527 | Tačka topljenja_C = 254 | Tačka ključanja_K = 1235 | Tačka ključanja_C = 962 | Molarni volumen = 22,97 · 10^-6 | Toplota isparavanja = 100 | Toplota topljenja = 13 | Pritisak pare = 0,0176 | Pritisak pare_K = 527 | Specifična električna provodljivost = 2,5 · 10⁶ | Specifična električna provodljivost_K = | Toplotna provodljivost = 20 | Toplotna provodljivost_K = | Oksidacioni broj = (-2), 2, '''4''', 6 | Oksidi = PoO₂ (amfoteran) | Elektrodni potencijal = 0,9 [[Volt|V]] (Po²⁺ + 2e^- → Po) | Elektronegativnost = 2,0 | Oznaka upozorenja = {{Oznake upozorenja|/}} | Oznake upozorenja R = {{Oznake upozorenja R|/}} | Oznake upozorenja S = {{Oznake upozorenja S|/}} | Radioaktivan = Da | Izotopi = {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Po | Maseni broj = 208 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 2,898&nbsp;[[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Elektronski zahvat|ε]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 1,401 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Bizmut|²⁰⁸Bi]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada2ZE = 5,215 | Tipraspada2ZP = [[Olovo|²⁰⁴Pb]] }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Po | Maseni broj = 209 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 103&nbsp;[[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Elektronski zahvat|ε]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 1,893 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Bizmut|²⁰⁹Bi]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada2ZE = 4,879 | Tipraspada2ZP = [[Olovo|²⁰⁵Pb]] }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 1 | Simbol = Po | Maseni broj = 210 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 99,998 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 138,376&nbsp;[[dan|d]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 5,307 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Olovo|²⁰⁶Pb]] }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Po | Maseni broj = 218 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 1,6 · 10⁻³ | Vrijeme poluraspada = 3,05&nbsp;[[minuta|min]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Beta-zraci|β⁻]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 0,260 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Astat|²¹⁸At]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada2ZE = 6,115 | Tipraspada2ZP = [[Olovo|²¹⁴Pb]] }} |}} '''Polonij''' ({{jez-la|polonium}}) jeste [[hemijski element]] sa [[hemijski simbol|simbolom]] '''Po''' i [[atomski broj|atomskim brojem]] 84. Otkrili su ga 1898. godine [[Marie Curie]] i [[Pierre Curie]]. To je rijetki i veoma [[radioaktivnost|radioaktivni]] element bez stabilnih [[izotop]]a. U hemijskom aspektu, polonij je veoma sličan [[bizmut]]u i [[telur]]u, a javlja se u sklopu ruda [[uranij]]a. Postoji vrlo mali broj oblasti gdje se koristi polonij. Osim kao sredstvo za generiranje topline u svemirskim probama, koristi se u antistatičkim uređajima i kao izvor [[neutron]]a i alfa-čestica. Zbog svog mjesta u [[periodni sistem elemenata|periodnom sistemu]], gdje je uvršten u [[Halkogeni elementi|VIA]] grupu, polonij se ponekad smatra [[polumetali|metaloidom]].<ref name="lanl" /> Međutim, drugi izvori navode da je on bez sumnje metal, što dokazuju na bazi osobina i djelovanja polonija.<ref name="hawkes" /> == Historija == Ranije provizorno nazvan ''radij F'', polonij su otkrili [[Marie Curie|Marie]] i [[Pierre Curie]] 1898. godine,<ref name=c1 /> i dali mu ime u čast Marijine domovine [[Poljska|Poljske]] (lat. ''Polonia'').<ref name="borders" /><ref name="cent1903" /> Današnja Poljska u to vrijeme je bila podijeljenja između [[Rusko carstvo|Ruskog carstva]], [[Njemačko carstvo|Njemačke]] i [[Austro-Ugarska|Austro-Ugarske]] pa nije postojala kao nezavisna zemlja. Curiejeva nada kojom se rukovodila pri davanju imena elementa je bila da će to imati odjeka u svijetu i skrenuti pažnju na poljsku težnju ka nezavisnošću.<ref name=Przemysl/> Polonij je bio prvi element koji je dobio ime u svrhu naglašavanja neke političke kontroverze.<ref name=Przemysl /> Ovaj je element prvi koji su otkrili Curiejevi dok su istraživali radioaktivnost minerala [[uraninit]]a. Taj mineral, nakon izdvajanja radioaktivnih elemnata [[uranij]]a i [[torij]]a iz njega, bio je još više radioaktivniji nego kad je sadržavao ta dva elementa. Ta pojava navela je Curieje u potragu za drugim radioaktivnim elementima sadržanim u uraninitu. Iz njega su prvo izdvojili polonij u julu 1898. a pet mjeseci kasnije izolirali su [[radij]].<ref name=c1/><ref name=nbb/><ref name=c2/> U Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama, polonij se proizvodio kao dio potprojekta ''Dayton'' u sklopu [[Projekt "Manhattan"|projekta ''Manhattan'']] tokom Drugog svjetskog rata. On je bio kritični dio [[nuklearno oružje|nuklearnog oružja]] implozivnog tipa koje se koristilo u bombi ''Fat Man'' [[Atomski napad na Hiroshimu i Nagasaki#Napad na Nagasaki|bačenoj na]] [[Nagasaki]] 9. augusta 1945. godine. Polonij i [[berilij]] bili su osnovni sastojci moduliranog neutronskog detonatora tipa ''jež'' (urchin) koji je postavljan u središte sferno konstruiranog [[plutonij]]skog jezgra bombe. Detonator ''jež'' je pokretao [[nuklearna fisija|lančanu nuklearnu reakciju]] u trenutku dostizanja kritične mase čime se osiguravalo ispravno detoniranje bombe.<ref name="nwfaq41"/> Veći dio osnovnih fizičkih i hemijskih osobina polonija krio se sve do završetka Drugog svjetskog rata. Činjenica da je korišten kao detonator bila je povjerljiva informacija u vojsci SAD sve do 1960tih.<ref name="fasorg" /> [[Komisija za atomsku energiju SAD]] i [[projekt "Manhattan"]] vršili su eksperimente na ljudima, koristeći polonij dajući ga petero osoba na Univerzitetu u Rochesteru između 1943. i 1947. godine. Tim ljudima su davali između 9 i 22 mikrokirija (330 do 810 kBq) polonija proučavajući način njegovog izlučivanja iz ljudskog organizma.<ref name=congress1986 /><ref name=nes1950 /><ref name="mossw" /> == Osobine == ===Fizičke=== [[Datoteka:alpha po lattice.jpg|thumb|lijevo|Alfa oblik čvrstog polonija.]] Polonij je radioaktivni element koji postoji u dvije [[Alotropske modifikacije|metalne modifikacije]]. Alfa modifikacija je jedini poznati primjer jednostavne [[Kubični kristalni sistem|kubične kristalne strukture]] na bazi jednog atoma, čija je ivica dužine 335,2 pikometara; dok je beta modifikacija romboedarske strukture.<ref>[[#Greenwood|Greenwood]], str. 753</ref><ref name="garyl" /><ref name="lattice" /> Karakteristika strukture polonija je [[difrakcija]] (prelamanje) [[X-zrake|x-zraka]]<ref name="delimano" /><ref name="beamer" /> i [[difrakcija elektrona]].<ref name="roller" /> ²¹⁰Po (obično zajedno sa ^{[[Plutonij-238|238]]}[[Plutonij-238|Pu]]) ima mogućnost lahkog [[volatilnost|dospijevanja u zrak]]: ako se njegov uzorak zagrije u prisustvu zraka na 55&nbsp;°C, oko 50% te količine ispari u periodu od 45 sati u obliku dvoatomskih Po₂ molekula, iako je [[tačka topljenja]] polonija 254&nbsp;°C a tačka ključanja 962&nbsp;°C.<ref name="bogdan" /><ref name="CRC" /><ref name="thayer" /> Postoji nekoliko pretpostavki za ovu pojavu; a jedna od hipoteza je da se pri alfa-raspadu od uzorka odlome male skupine atoma polonija. === Hemijske === Hemijske osobine polonija slične su onima [[telur]]a i bizmuta. Polonij se lahko [[Rastvorljivost|rastvara]] u razblaženim kiselinama, ali mu je rastvorljivost u bazama vrlo slaba. Rastvori polonija najprije poprimaju ružičastu boju zbog [[ion]]a Po²⁺, da bi nedugo zatim vrlo brzo postali žuti zbog alfa-radijacije iz polonija koji ionizira rastvor i pretvara ione Po²⁺ u Po⁴⁺. Ovaj proces je praćen nastankom balončića gasa i emisijom toplote i svjetlosti iz staklenog posuđa jer ono [[Apsorpcija (fizika)|apsorbira]] alfa-zrake. Kao rezultat, rastvori polonija vrlo lahko isparavaju i mogu za nekoliko dana potpuno ispariti ako posuda nije čvrsto zatvorena.<ref name="nbb" /><ref>[[#Bagnall|Bagnall]], str. 206</ref> === Izotopi === Polonij ima [[Izotopi polonija|33 poznata izotopa]], od kojih su svi radioaktivni. Oni imaju [[atomska masa|atomske mase]] u rasponu od 188 do 220 [[jedinica atomske mase|u]]. Izotop ²¹⁰Po ([[vrijeme poluraspada]] 138,376&nbsp;dana) je najviše korišten i dostupan. ²⁰⁹Po (sa vremenom poluraspada od 125,2 ± 3,3 godine) jeste polonijev izotop sa najdužim vremenom poluraspada od svih njegovih izotopa.<ref name=Po209/> Taj izotop zajedno sa izotopom ²⁰⁸Po (vrijeme poluraspada 2,9&nbsp;godina) se mogu dobiti putem alfa-, protonskim ili deuteronskim bombardovanjem [[olovo|olova]] ili [[bizmut]]a u [[ciklotron]]u.<ref name="emsley" /> Izotop ²¹⁰Po je emiter [[alfa-zraci|alfa-zraka]] a ima vrijeme poluraspada od 138,4&nbsp;dana; raspada se direktno u svoj kćerinski stabilni izotop, [[olovo|²⁰⁶Pb]]. Miligram (5&nbsp;kirija) izotopa ²¹⁰Po emitira toliki broj alfa čestica u sekundi koliko i 5&nbsp;grama izotopa [[radij|²²⁶Ra]].<ref name="anl" /> Nekoliko kirija (1&nbsp;[[kiri]] jednak je 37 GBq (giga[[bekerel]]a)) izotopa ²¹⁰Po isijava plavo zračenje uzrokovano pobuđivanjem okolnog zraka. Samo jedna od 100.000 alfa-emisija uzrokuje pobuđivanje u [[Atomsko jezgro|jezgru]] koje može rezultirati emisijom [[Gama zračenje|gama zraka]] sa maksimalnom energijom od 803&nbsp;keV.<ref>[[#Greenwood|Greenwood]], str. 250</ref><ref name="atomkr" /> == Detekcija == [[Datoteka:Gammaspectrscopy.png|thumb|lijevo|Intenzitet emisije naspram energije fotona za tri izotopa polonija.]] ===Mjerenje gama zračenja=== Pomoću radiometrijskih metoda kao što je [[gama spektroskopija]] (ili koristeći metode hemijske separacije nakon čega se mjeri aktivnost sa brojačem koji ne rasipa energiju), moguće je mjerenje koncentracije radioizotopa i razlikovanje jednih od drugih. U praksi, prisutan je pozadinski šum, te u zavisnosti od detektora, širina linije je veća što otežava identifikaciju i mjerenje [[izotop]]a. U biološkim i medicinskim radovima obično se koristi prirodno prisutni [[kalij|⁴⁰K]] u svim tjelesnim [[tkivo|tkivima]] i tekućinama kao proba podešenosti opreme i kao interni standard.<ref name=Gilmore /><ref name=Knoll /> ===Alfa-zraci=== Najbolji način za testiranje (i mjerenje) mnogih alfa emitera je korištenje spektroskopije alfa-čestica. Obično se stavi kapljica ispitivanog rastvora na metalni disk koji se zatim isušuje te se dobija ravnomjerno obložen disk. On se zatim koristi kao testni uzorak. Ako je debljina sloja formiranog na disku isuviše velika, onda se pri mjerenju javljaju preširoke linije spektra. Ovo se dešava jer se dio energije alfa čestica gubi kretanjem kroz sloj aktivnog materijala. Alternativna metoda je korištenje scintilacije interne tekućine gdje je uzorak pomiješan sa scintiliranim "koktelom". Kada se mjeri emitirano svjetlo, neki uređaji će zabilježiti količinu svjetlosne energije po svakom događaju radioaktivnog raspada. Zbog nesavršenosti metode tekuće [[scintilacija|scintilacije]] (kao što je nemogućnost detekcije svih fotona, teškoće brojanja kod zamućenih ili obojenih uzoraka) i činjenice da nasumično gašenje može smanjiti broj fotona generiranih po jednom radioaktivnom raspadu, nemoguće je postići proširenje alfa spektra dobijenog pomoću tekuće scintilacije. Moguće je da će ovi spektri tekuće sintilacije biti subjekt Gausovog proširenja umjesto distorcije koja se javlja kada je sloj aktivnog materijala na disku previše debeo.<ref name=Knoll/> Treći metod raspršavanjem energije radi brojanja alfa čestica sastoji se u upotrebi poluprovodničkog detektora.<ref name=Knoll/> == Spojevi == Polonij nema prirodnih spojeva, a gotovo svi njegovi spojevi dobijeni su vještački. Do danas je poznato više od 50 takvih spojeva.<ref>[[#Bagnall|Bagnall]], str. 199</ref> Najstabilnija klasa spojeva polonija su polonidi, koji se dobijaju direktnom reakciju dvaju elemenata. Na₂Po ima antifluoritnu strukturu, a polonidi Ca, Ba, Hg, Pb i [[Lantanoidi|lantanoida]] grade rešetku sličnu NaCl, BePo i CdPo imaju strukturu [[wurtzit]]a, a MgPo [[nikl-arsenid]]a. Većina polonida se raspada pri zagrijavanju na oko 600&nbsp;°C, izuzev HgPo koji se raspada na približno 300&nbsp;°C te lantanoidnih polonija koji se ne raspadaju već regularno tope pri temperaturama iznad 1000&nbsp;°C. Naprimjer [[Prazeodij|Pr]]Po se topi na 1250&nbsp;°C a [[Tulij|Tm]]Po na 2200&nbsp;°C.<ref name=g766>[[#Greenwood|Greenwood]], str. 766</ref> PbPo je jedan od rijetkih prirodnih spojeva polonija, jer se polonij raspada alfa-raspadom dajući olovo.<ref name="weigel" /> [[Polonij-hidrid]] ({{chem|Po||H|2}}) je volatilna (isparljiva) tekućina pri sobnoj temperaturi sklona disocijaciji.<ref name=g766/> Dva oksida polonija [[polonij-dioksid|PoO₂]] i [[polonij-trioksid|PoO₃]] proizvod su [[redoks reakcija|oksidacije]] polonija.<ref name="holleman" /> Poznati su i halidi strukture PoX₂, PoX₄ i PoX₆. Oni su rastvorljivi u odgovarajućim vodikovim halidima npr. PoCl_X u HCl, PoBr_X u HBr i PoI₄ u HI.<ref name=figgins/> Polonij-dihalidi nastaju direktnom reakcijom elemenata ili redukcijom PoCl₄ sa SO₂ i reakcijom PoBr₄ sa H₂S pri sobnoj temperaturi. Tetrahalidi se mogu dobiti reakcijom polonij-dioksida sa HCl, HBr ili HI.<ref name=g765>[[#Greenwood|Greenwood]], str. 765, 771, 775</ref> Drugi spojevi polonija uključuju, između ostalih, acetate, bromate, karbonate, citrate, hromate, cijanide, formate, hidrokside, nitrate, selenate, monosulfide, sulfate i disulfate.<ref name="figgins" /><ref>[[#Bagnall|Bagnall]], str. 212–226</ref> {|class="wikitable" style="float:left; text-align:center" |+Spojevi polonija<ref name=g765/><ref name="wiberg" /> |- !formula!!boja!! [[talište|t.t.]] (°C)|| sublimacija <br>temp. (°C) ||Simetrija||[[Pearsonov simbol|Pearsonov<br>simbol]] || [[Prostorna grupa|prostorna<br>grupa]] ||No||a (pm) || b(pm) || c(pm) || Z || [[gustoća|ρ]] (g/cm³) ||ref |- |[[polonij-dioksid|PoO₂]]|| svijetlo žut || 500 (rasp.) ||885 || kubična<br>plošno centrirana ||cF12||Fm<span style="text-decoration:overline;">3</span>m ||225 ||563,7||563,7||563,7||4|| 8,94 || <ref name=Bagnall /> |- |[[polonij-dihlorid|PoCl₂]]|| tamno crven|| 355 ||130 || ortorompska ||oP3||Pmmm||47 ||367||435||450||1|| 6,47 || <ref name="PoCl" /> |- |[[polonij-dibromid|PoBr₂]]|| ljubičasto-smeđ|| 270 (rasp.)|| || || || || || || || || || ||<ref name="PoBr" /> |- |[[polonij-tetrahlorid|PoCl₄]]|| žut ||300 || 200 || monoklinska || || || || || || || || ||<ref name="PoCl" /> |- |[[polonij-tetrabromid|PoBr₄]]|| crven||330 (rasp.) || || kubična<br>plošno centrirana || cF100 || Fm<span style="text-decoration:overline;">3</span>m ||225||560||560||560||4|| || <ref name="PoBr" /> |- |[[polonij-tetrajodid|PoI₄]]||black || || || || || || || || || || || || <ref name="bang3" /> |} {{raščistiti}} '''Oksidi''' * [[Polonij-monoksid|PoO]] * [[Polonij-dioksid|PoO₂]] * [[Polonij-trioksid|PoO₃]] '''[[Hidrid]]i''' * [[Polonij-hidrid|PoH₂]] '''[[Halidi]]''' * PoX₂, npr. [[polonij-dihlorid]], PoCl₂ * PoX₄, npr. [[polonij-tetrahlorid]], PoCl₄ * [[Polonij-heksafluorid|PoF₆]] (uslovno) == Otrovnost == Polonij je veoma opasan i nema nijednu poznatu biološku ulogu.<ref name=nbb/> Po masi, izotop polonij-210 je oko 250 hiljada puta otrovniji od cijanovodika (HCN) (letalna doza LD₅₀ za ²¹⁰Po iznosi manje od 1 [[mikrogram]]a za prosječnog čovjeka u odnosu na oko 250&nbsp;mg cijanovodika<ref name="phycemox" />). Najveća opasnost od polonija je njegova intenzivna [[radioaktivnost]] (kao alfa-emiter), što predstavlja veliku poteškoću u sigurnom rukovanju s njim. Korištenje čak i mikrogramskih količina ²¹⁰Po je izuzetno opasno, te zahtijeva specijalnu opremu (rukavice negativnog pritiska pogodne za rad sa alfa-emiterima opremljene filterima visokih performansi), adekvatno nadgledanje i strogo poštivanje procedura za rad kako bi se spriječila bilo kakva kontaminacija. Alfa čestice koje emitira polonij mogu oštetiti organska tkiva mnogo lakše i brže ako se polonij pojede, ušmrka ili apsorbira, mada ne može proći kroz [[Epiderma|epidermu]] te stoga nije opasan na koži sve su dok alfa-čestice izvan organizma. Korištenje hemijski otpornih i nepropusnih rukavica je obavezno kako bi se osoba zaštitila od direktne difuzije polonija kroz kožu. Polonij rastvoren u koncentriranoj [[dušična kiselina|dušičnoj kiselini]] može lahko proći kroz neadekvatne rukavice (npr. od lateksa) ili ih ta kiselina može oštetiti.<ref>[[#Bagnall|Bagnall]], str. 202–6</ref> Neke studije ukazuju da neki mikrobi mogu [[metilacija|metilirati]] polonij djelovanjem [[metilkobalamin]]a.<ref name="momoshima" /><ref name="osaki" /> Ovo je slično načinu pomoću kojeg se metiliraju i [[živa]], selen i [[telur]] u živim bićima dajući organometalne spojeve. Studije koje istražuju [[metabolizam]] polonija-210 kod pacova pokazale su da je iz njihovih organizama izlučeno samo 0,002 do 0,009% polonija-210 u vidu isparljivog izotopa.<ref name="lisadi" /> === Akutni efekti === Srednja letalna doza (LD₅₀) za akutno izlaganje radijaciji općenito iznosi oko 4,5&nbsp;[[Sievert|Sv]].<ref name=pnl /> Ekvivalent [[efektivna doza|efektivne angažirane doze]] za ²¹⁰Po iznosi 0,51&nbsp;µSv/[[Bekerel|Bq]] ako se proguta, a 2,5&nbsp;µSv/Bq ako se udahne.<ref name=nsds /> Stoga smrtonosna doza od 4,5 Sv može se dostići gutanjem 8,8 MBq (2.400 µCi) polonija odnosno oko 50 nanograma (ng), odnosno udisanjem 1,8 MBq (490 µC) tj. 10&nbsp;ng polonija. Po ovom računanju, jedan [[gram]] ²¹⁰Po bi teoretski bio dovoljan da se otruje 20 miliona ljudi, od čega bi polovina umrla. Stvarna otrovnost polonija-210 je manja od ovih procjena, jer izlaganje radijaciji koja se proteže nekoliko sedmica ([[biološko vrijeme poluraspada]] polonija u čovjekovom organizmu je 30 do 50 dana<ref name="osti" />) izaziva donekle manja oštećenja organizma od doze koja bi se odjednom uzela. Procjenjuje se da prosječna letalna doza polonija ²¹⁰Po iznosi 15 MBq (0,41 mCi) odnosno 0,089 mikrograma, što je i dalje ekstremno malehna količina.<ref name=nuclearweaponsarchive /><ref name="poison2" /> === Hronični efekti === Osim akutnih efekata, izlaganje radijaciji (i unutrašnjoj i vanjskoj) nosi i dugoročne rizike od raka od 5–10% po Sv sa smrtnonosnim ishodom.<ref name=pnl/> Opća populacija izložena je malim količinama polonija u vidu proizvoda radioaktivnog raspadanja [[radon]]a u prostorijama. Smatra se da izotopi ²¹⁴Po i ²¹⁸Po uzrokuju većinu<ref name="riskiv" /> od približno 15 do 22 hiljade umrlih godišnje od raka pluća u SAD, što je pripisano radonu u prostorijama.<ref name="newtonnap" /> Pušenje [[Duhan (proizvod)|duhana]] uzrokuje dodatno izlaganje poloniju.<ref name="dopecom" /> === Poznati slučajevi trovanja === Objavljeno je da je ubistvo [[Rusija|ruskog]] disidenta [[Aleksandar Litvinjenko|Aleksandra Litvinjenka]] 2006. počinjeno trovanjem polonijem ²¹⁰Po.<ref name="litvind" /><ref name="bbc" /> Prema izjavi prof. Nicka Priesta sa Univerziteta Middlesex, eksperta za toksikologiju okoline i radijaciju, a kako je prenio "Sky News" 2. decembra te godine, Litvinjenko je možda prva osoba ikad koja je umrla zbog aktunih efekata α-radijacije od ²¹⁰Po.<ref name="focusc" /> Smatra se također da je [[Irène Joliot-Curie]] prva osoba koja je umrla od efekata radijacije polonija. Ona je slučajno bila izložena poloniju 1946. godine kada je zatvorena kapsula u kojoj se nalazio ovaj element eksplodirala na njenom stolu u laboratoriji. Ona je umrla 1956. godine sa dijagnozom [[leukemija|leukemije]].<ref name="killer" /> Neuobičajeno visoke koncentracije polonija ²¹⁰Po otkrivene su u julu 2012. na odjeći i ličnim stvarima [[palestina|palestinskog]] vođe [[Yasser Arafat|Yassera Arafata]], koji je umro 11. novembra 2004. pod nerazjašnjenim okolnostima. Portparol instituta za radiofiziku u švicarskoj [[Lausanne|Lausanni]], gdje je izvršena analiza tih predmeta, naglasio je da su ''klinički simptomi opisani u Arafatovim medicinskim izvještajima nisu konsistentni sa polonijem-210 i da se ne može izvući zaključak da li je palestinski vođa otrovan ili ne'', te ''da je jedini način da se potvrde nalazi ekshumacija Arafatovog tijela i njegovo testiranje na polonij-210.''<ref name="bartk" /> Dana 27. novembra 2012. izvršena je [[ekshumacija]] Arafatovog tijela i uzeti su uzorci za odvojene analize eksperata u Francuskoj, Švicarskoj i Rusiji.<ref name="exhum" /> ''The Lancet'' je 12. oktobra 2013. objavio rezultate koji su pokazali visoke nivoe ovog elementa nađenog u Arafatovoj krvi, urinu, pljuvački, njegovoj odjeći i četkici za zube.<ref name="doi618346" /> == Reference == {{refspisak|3|refs= <ref name="lisadi">{{cite journal|author=Li Chunsheng; Sadi Baki; Wyatt Heather ''et al.''|year=2010 |title=Metabolism of ²¹⁰Po in rats: volatile ²¹⁰Po in excreta |journal=Radiation Protection Dosimetry |volume=140 |issue=2 |pages=158–162 |publisher=Oxford University Press |doi=10.1093/rpd/ncq047 |url=http://rpd.oxfordjournals.org/content/140/2/158.short |access-date=9. 4. 2013|pmid=20159915}}</ref> <ref name=pnl>{{cite web| url = http://www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-14424.pdf |title =Health Impacts from Acute Radiation Exposure|access-date=5. 5. 2009|work=Pacific Northwest National Laboratory}}</ref> <ref name=nsds>{{cite web| url = http://hpschapters.org/northcarolina/NSDS/210PoPDF.pdf |title =Nuclide Safety Data Sheet: Polonium–210|access-date=5. 5. 2009|work=hpschapters.org}}</ref> <ref name="osti">{{cite web| osti =7162390 |url=http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=7162390|title =Effective half-life of polonium in the human|author=Naimark, D.H.|datum=4. 1. 1949|work=Technical Report MLM-272/XAB, Mound Lab., Miamisburg, OH}}</ref> <ref name=nuclearweaponsarchive>{{cite web| url =http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/News/PoloniumPoison.html |title =Polonium Poisoning|access-date=5. 5. 2009}}</ref> <ref name="poison2">{{cite journal|title =Polonium-210 as a poison| date = 2007 |journal = J. 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R.|date=1936 |title=The Crystal Structure of Polonium by Electron Diffraction |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-chemical-physics_1936-10_4_10/page/648 |journal=Journal of Chemical Physics |volume=4 |issue=10 |page=648 |doi=10.1063/1.1749762 |bibcode = 1936JChPh...4..648R}}</ref> <ref name="bogdan">{{cite journal| first1 = Bogdan |last1=Wąs| first2 = Ryszard |last2=Misiak et.al.|title = Thermochromatographic Separation of ^206,208Po from a Bismuth Target Bombardet with Protons | journal =Nukleonica | date =2006| volume =51 | issue = suppl. 2 | pages = s3–s5 | url =http://www.ichtj.waw.pl/ichtj/nukleon/back/full/vol51_2006/v51s2p03f.pdf}}</ref> <ref name="garyl">{{cite book |author=Gary L. Miessler; Donald A. Tarr|title=Inorganic Chemistry |url=https://archive.org/details/inorganicchemist00gary|edition=3|page=[https://archive.org/details/inorganicchemist00gary/page/n292 285] |isbn=0-13-120198-0 |date=2004 |publisher=Pearson Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle River, N.J.}}</ref> <ref name="lattice">{{cite web| url = http://cst-www.nrl.navy.mil/lattice/struk/a_i.html| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20010204004200/http://cst-www.nrl.navy.mil/lattice/struk/a_i.html| archive-date=4. 2. 2001|datum=20. 11. 2000|work=Naval Research Laboratory |title = The beta Po (A_i) Structure|access-date=5. 5. 2009}}</ref> <ref name="CRC">{{Cite book|editor=Lide, D. R.|year=2005|title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|edition=86|location=Boca Raton (FL)|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=0-8493-0486-5}}</ref> <ref name="thayer">Thayer, John S. (2010). "Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements". str. 63–97. {{doi|10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2}}</ref> <ref name=Po209>{{cite web|author=Boutin Chad|title=Polonium's Most Stable Isotope Gets Revised Half-Life Measurement|url=http://www.nist.gov/pml/div682/po-090914.cfm|izdavač=NIST Tech Beat|access-date=9. 9. 2014}}</ref> <ref name="emsley">{{cite book|author=Emsley John|title=Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements|url=https://archive.org/details/naturesbuildingb0000emsl_b1k4|edition=novo|date=2011|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-19-960563-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/naturesbuildingb0000emsl_b1k4/page/415 415]}}</ref> <ref name="anl">{{cite web|url =http://www.ead.anl.gov/pub/doc/polonium.pdf | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070703021010/http://www.ead.anl.gov/pub/doc/polonium.pdf | archive-date=3. 7. 2007|title = Polonium |izdavač= Argonne National Laboratory|access-date=5. 5. 2009}}</ref> <ref name="atomkr">{{cite web| url =http://atom.kaeri.re.kr/cgi-bin/decay?Po-210%20A |title = 210PO α decay|work=Nuclear Data Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute|datum= 2000|access-date=5. 5. 2009}}</ref> <ref name="lanl">{{cite web |url=http://periodic.lanl.gov/metal.shtml |title=Characterizing the Elements |izdavač=Los Alamos National Laboratory |access-date=4. 3. 2013}}</ref> <ref name="hawkes">{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ed100308w|title=Polonium and Astatine Are Not Semimetals|journal=Journal of Chemical Education|date=2010|last1=Hawkes|first1=Stephen J.|volume=87|issue=8|page=783|bibcode = 2010JChEd..87..783H}}</ref> <ref name="binder">{{cite book|author=Harry H. Binder|title=Lexikon der chemischen Elemente|publisher=S. Hirzel Verlag|location=Stuttgart|year=1999|isbn=3-7776-0736-3}}</ref> <ref name="manjera">{{Cite journal|author=Manjeera Mantina, Adam C. Chamberlin, Rosendo Valero, Christopher J. Cramer, Donald G. Truhlar|title=Consistent van der Waals Radii for the Whole Main Group|journal=J. Phys. Chem. A.|year=2009|volume=113|pages=5806–5812|doi=10.1021/jp8111556}}</ref> }} == Literatura == * {{cite book |title=Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry |chapter=The Chemistry of Polonium |ref=Bagnall|author=Bagnall K. W. |year=1962 |publisher=Academic Press |location=New York |isbn=0-12-023604-4|pages=197–226 |access-date=14. 6. 2012 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=8qePsa3V8GQC&pg=PA212|volume=4}} {{doi|10.1016/S0065-2792(08)60268-X}} * {{cite book|ref=Greenwood|author=Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan |year=1997|title= Chemistry of the Elements|edition= 2|publisher= Butterworth–Heinemann|isbn=0080379419}} {{Commonscat|Polonium}} {{PSE}} [[Kategorija:Hemijski elementi]] si1jkz9l3pla9uuesu9g9tofb29lvws 0 7703 3426978 3342730 2022-08-01T21:44:02Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija hemijski element | Hemijski element = Raderfordij | Simbol = Rf | Atomski broj = 104 | Serija = Prelazni metali | Grupa = 4 | Perioda = 7 | Blok = d | Boja serije = LightCoral | Izgled = - | Zastupljenost = 0 | Atomska masa = 261,1087 | Atomski radijus = - | Atomski radijus izračunat = - | Kovalentni radijus = - | Van der Waalsov radijus = - | Elektronska konfiguracija = &#x5B;[[Radon|Rn]]&#x5D; 5f¹⁴6d²7s² (?) | Izlazna energija = | Elektroni u energetskom nivou = 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 10, 2 | Energija ionizacije_1 = (''procjena'') 579,9<ref name="haire" /> | Energija ionizacije_2 = (''procjena'') 1389,4<ref name="haire" /> | Energija ionizacije_3 = (''procjena'') 2296,4 <ref name="haire" /> | Agregatno stanje = (''pretpostavljeno'') čvrsto<ref name="haire" /><ref name="chemdata" /> | Mohsova skala tvrdoće = | Struktura kristala = | Gustoća = (''pretpostavljeno'') 23200<ref name="haire" /><ref name="chemdata" /> | Magnetizam = | Tačka topljenja_K = (''pretpostavljeno'') 2400 | Tačka topljenja_C = 2100<ref name="haire" /><ref name="chemdata" /> | Tačka ključanja_K = (''pretpostavljeno'') 5800 | Tačka ključanja_C = 5500<ref name="haire" /><ref name="chemdata" /> | Molarni volumen = | Toplota isparavanja = | Toplota topljenja = | Pritisak pare = | Pritisak pare_K = | Brzina zvuka = | Brzina zvuka_K = | Specifična toplota = | Specifična toplota_K = | Specifična električna provodljivost = | Specifična električna provodljivost_K = | Toplotna provodljivost = | Toplotna provodljivost_K = | Oksidacioni broj = '''4'''<ref name="chemdata" />, (''pretpostavljeno'') 3<ref name="haire" /> | Oksidi = | Elektrodni potencijal = | Elektronegativnost = | Oznaka upozorenja = {{Oznake upozorenja|/}} | Oznake upozorenja R = {{Oznake upozorenja R|/}} | Oznake upozorenja S = {{Oznake upozorenja S|/}} | Radioaktivan = Da | Izotopi = {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 3 | Simbol = Rf | Maseni broj = 261 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 70 [[sekunda|s]]<ref name="alejandro" /> | Tipraspada1ZM = >80% [[Alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 8,28 | Tipraspada1ZP = ²⁵⁷No | Tipraspada2ZM = <15% [[Elektronski zahvat|ε]] | Tipraspada2ZE = | Tipraspada2ZP = ²⁶¹Lr | Tipraspada3ZM = <10% [[Spontani raspad|SF]] | Tipraspada3ZE = | Tipraspada3ZP = }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Rf | Maseni broj = 263 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 15 [[minuta|min]]<ref name="alejandro" /> | Tipraspada1ZM = <100% [[Spontani raspad|SF]] | Tipraspada1ZE = | Tipraspada1ZP = | Tipraspada2ZM = ~30% [[Alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada2ZE = 7,90 ? | Tipraspada2ZP = ²⁵⁹No }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 1 | Simbol = Rf | Maseni broj = 265 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 2,5 [[minuta|min]]<ref name="ellison" /> | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Spontani raspad|SF]] | Tipraspada1ZE = | Tipraspada1ZP = }} |}} '''Raderfordij''' (ranije je imao privremeno ime ''unnilkvadij'') jeste sintetički [[hemijski element]] sa simbolom '''Rf''' i [[atomski broj|atomskim brojem]] 104. Ime je dobio po fizičaru [[Ernest Rutherford|Ernestu Rutherfordu]]. Kao sintetički element, nema ga u prirodi pa se može dobiti samo u laboratorijama. To je [[radioaktivnost|radioaktivni]] element. Njegov najstabilniji poznati [[izotop]] ²⁶⁷Rf ima vrijeme poluraspada od otprilike 1,3 sata. U [[periodni sistem elemenata|standardnom periodnom sistemu]] spada u d-blok elemenata i drugi je element u četvrtom redu prelaznih elemenata. Član je [[Elementi 7. periode|sedme periode]] i pripada [[4. grupa hemijskih elemenata|četvrtoj grupi elemenata]]. Hemijski eksperimenti su potvrdili da se raderfordij ponaša kao teži homolog [[hafnij]]a iz četvrte grupe. Hemijske osobine ovog elementa proučene su samo djelimično. Međutim, vrlo su slične hemijskim osobinama drugih elemenata iz iste grupe, mada neki izračuni ukazuju da se ovaj element mogao imati znatno različite osobine zbog relativističkih efekata. Tokom 1960ih, vrlo male količine raderfordija proizveli su Zajednički institut za nuklearna istraživanja u bivšem Sovjetskom savezu i Nacionalna laboratorija Lawrence Berkeley u [[Kalifornija|Kaliforniji]], SAD.<ref name="chemdata"/> Čast otkrića elementa i prvenstvo u davanju imena bio je povod za razmirice i kontroverze između sovjetskih i američkih naučnika sve do 1997. kada je [[IUPAC]] odlučila ovom elementu zvanično dati današnji naziv. == Historija == === Otkriće === Raderfordij su navodno prvi otkrili 1964. godine naučnici pri Zajedničkom institutu za nuklearna istraživanja (JINR) u Dubni (tada u Sovjetskom savezu). Oni su u svom istraživanju bombardirali metu sačinjenu iz [[plutonij]]a-242 [[ion]]ima [[neon]]a-22 te zatim proizvode reakcije odvojili pomoću termohromatografije nakon što su ih prethodno preveli u hloride putem interakcije sa [[cirkonij-tetrahlorid|ZrCl₄]]. Naučnici su zapazili aktivnosti spontane fisije koja se javila u isparljivom hloridu, nalikujući osobinama ''eka-hafnija''. Iako vrijeme poluraspada nije tačno određeno, kasniji izračuni su pokazali da je proizvod reakcije najvjerovatnije raderfordij-259 (prema standardnoj notaciji skraćeno ²⁵⁹Rf):<ref name=93TWG/> :{{Su|p=242|b=94}}Pu + {{Su|p=22|b=10}}Ne → {{Su|p=264-''x''|b=104}}Rf → {{Su|p=264-''x''|b=104}}RfCl₄ Godine 1969. istraživači na Univerzitetu Kalifornije, Berkeley konačno su sintetizirali element bombardujući metu od kalifornija-249 sa ionima [[ugljik]]a-12 te izmjerili alfa raspad ²⁵⁷Rf u skladu sa raspadom "kćerke" izotopa [[nobelij]]a-253:<ref name=69Gh01/> :{{Su|p=249|b=98}}Cf + {{Su|p=12|b=6}}C → {{Su|p=257|b=104}}Rf + 4 n Američka sinteza je potvrđena 1973. čime je osigurana identifikacija raderfordija kao "majke" izotopa nobelija-253 opservacijom K-alfa x-zraka u elementarnom potpisu proizvoda raspada ²⁵⁷Rf.<ref name=73Be01/> === Kontroverza oko imena === Ruski naučnici su za novi element predložili ime '''kurčatovij''' dok su američki naučnici sugerirali da se novom elementu dodijeli ime ''raderfordij''.<ref name="rscorg"/> Godine 1992. radna grupa [[IUPAC]]/[[IUPAP]]-a (''Transfermium Working Group,'' TWG) proučila je oba navoda o otkriću i donijela zaključak da su oba tima naučnika istovremeno pružili dokaze o sintezi elementa 104 pa bi se čast za otkriće trebala dati objema grupama.<ref name=93TWG/> Međutim, američka grupa je uputila oštar odgovor na zaključke TWG-a navodeći da su isuviše naglasili doprinose i rezultate grupe iz Dubne. Naročito su istaknuli da su Rusi nekoliko puta u toku 20 godina izmijenili detalje o svom otkriću, što ruski tim nije opovrgao. Amerikanci su također naglašavali da je TWG isuviše pridao pažnje hemijskim eksperimentima koje su izveli ruski naučnici te su optužili TWG da nemaju dovoljno kvalificirano osoblje u komisiji. TWG je na optužbe odgovorio da se ne radi o tome i da su svaku tačku optužbe američkog tima razmotrili te nisu našli niti jedan razlog da izmijene svoje zaključke u vezi časti za otkriće.<ref name="pac19936" /> IUPAC je kasnije ipak elementu dao ime koje je američki tim predložio, što bi se u nekom pogledu moglo protumačiti da su donekle promijenili mišljenje.<ref name="97IUPAC" /> Kao konsekvencu prvobitnih navoda o otkriću, došlo je do kontroverze oko davanja imena elementu. Pošto su sovjetski naučnici tvrdili da su prvi otkrili novi element, predlagali su mu se dadne ime ''kurčatovij'' (Ku) u čast [[Igor Kurčatov|Igora Kurčatova]] (1903–1960), bivšeg šefa sovjetskog nuklearnog istraživanja. Ovaj naziv elementa korišten je u knjigama i literaturi u državama bivšeg sovjetskog bloka kao zvanično ime. Međutim, Amerikanci su predlagali ime ''raderfordij'' (Rf) u čast [[Ernest Rutherford|Ernesta Rutherforda]], koji je poznat kao "otac" [[Nuklearna fizika|nuklearne fizike]]. [[IUPAC]] je privremeno usvojio naziv ''unnilkvadij'' (Unq) što je predstavljalo sistematsko ime elementa, izvedeno iz latinskim naziva za cifre 1, 0 i 4. Godine 1994. IUPAC je predložio da se elementu dadne naziv ''dubnij'' (Db) jer je naziv ''raderfordij'' bio predložen za element 106 jer je IUPAC smatrao da se timu iz Dubne trebalo ukazati čast za njihov doprinos istraživanjima. Ipak, i dalje su postojale kontroverze oko davanja imena elementima od 104 do 107. Godine 1997. timovi naučnika koji su učestvovali u davanju imena usaglasili su svoje stavove te elementu 104 napokon dali ime ''raderfordij''. U isto vrijeme ime ''[[dubnij]]'' dato je elementu 105.<ref name="97IUPAC" /> == Osobine == === Fizičke i atomske === Za raderfordij se očekuje da bude u čvrstom stanju pri standardnim uslovima temperature i pritiska i pri tome da ima heksagonalnu gusto pakovanu [[kristalna struktura|kristalnu strukturu]] (^''c''/_''a'' = 1,61), sličnu onoj kao kod njegovog lakšeg kongenera hafnija.<ref name=hcp/> Trebao bi biti veoma teški metal [[gustoća|gustoće]] od oko 23,2 g/cm³. Za usporedbu, najgušći poznati element čija je gustoća pouzdano izmjerena je [[osmij]], a iznosi 22,61 g/cm³. Ovakvi podaci su pretpostavljeni prema veoma velikoj atomskoj težini raderfordija, efektu kontrakcije lantanoida i aktinoida, kao i relativističkim efektima, mada je proizvodnja dovoljnih količina raderfordija, kako bi se ovi podaci potvrdili, nepraktična jer bi se uzorak vrlo raspao. Za atomski radijus raderfordija se očekuje da ima vrijednost oko 150 pm. Zbog efekta relativističke stabilizacije ''7s'' orbitale i destabilizacije ''6d'' orbitale, pretpostavlja se da bi ioni Rf⁺ i Rf²⁺ trebali otpuštati ''6d'' [[elektron]]e umjesto ''7s'' elektrona, što je potpuno suprotno ponašanje od njegovih lakših homologa.<ref name=haire/> === Hemijske === Raderfordij je prvi transaktinoidni element i drugi član ''6d'' serije [[Prelazni metal|prelaznih metala]]. Izračuni o njegovom potencijalu ionizacije, [[Atomski radijus|atomskom radijusu]] kao i radijusima, energijama orbitala i osnovnim nivoima njegovih ioniziranih stanja pokazali su da je sličan hafniju, ali se izrazito razlikuje od [[Olovo|olova]]. Stoga, donijeti su zaključci o osnovnim osobinama ovog elementa koji navode da on dosta nalikuje na druge elemente 4. grupe, ispod [[titanij]]a, [[cirkonij]]a i hafnija.<ref name=Rf263/><ref name="Kratz03"/> Neke od njegovih osobina određene su eksperimentima u gasovitoj fazi kao i hemiji rastvora. Oksidacijsko stanje +4 je jedino stabilno stanje za posljednja dva elementa pa bi stoga i raderfordij trebao također pokazivati stabilno +4 stanje.<ref name="Kratz03"/> Osim toga, za raderfordij se također očekuje da gradi i nestabilnije +3 stanje.<ref name=haire/> Standardni redukcijski potencijal para Rf⁴⁺/Rf se predviđa da bi mogao biti viši od −1,7 V.<ref name=BFricke/> Prva predviđanja hemijskih osobina raderfordija bila su zasnovana na izračunima koji su pokazivali da bi relativistički efekti na elektronske ljuske trebali biti dovoljno snažni da bi ''7p'' orbitale mogle imati niže energetske nivoe od ''6d'' orbitala što bi dalo konfiguraciju valentnih elektrona 6d¹ 7s² 7p¹ ili čak 7s² 7p², čime bi se element trebao ponašati više kao olovo nego kao hafnij. Nakon boljih metoda izračuna i eksperimentalnih studija hemijskih osobina spojeva ovog elementa došlo se do zaključka da su prethodne procjene bile pogrešne te da bi se raderfordij trebao ponašati kao ostali elementi iz [[4. grupa hemijskih elemenata|4. grupe]].<ref name=haire/><ref name="Kratz03"/> Analogno kao i za cirkonij i hafnij, za raderfordij se predviđa da gradi veoma stabilni, vatrostalni oksid, RfO₂. Mogao bi i reagirati sa [[Halogeni elementi|halogenim elementima]] gradeći tetrahalide, RfX₄, koji bi se hidrolizirali u kontaktu s vodom dajući oksihalide RfOX₂. Tetrahalidi bi mogli biti volatilne čvrste tvari u vidu monomernih tetraedarskih molekula u gasovitoj fazi.<ref name="Kratz03"/> U tečnoj fazi, Rf⁴⁺ ion bi se hidrolizirao manje od iona titanija(IV) a u približnom obimu kao i cirkonij i hafnij, što bi dalo ion RfO²⁺. Tretiranje takvih halida sa ionima halidnih elemenata daje ione određenih kompleksa. Korištenje iona hlorida i bromida daje komplekse heksahalida {{chem|RfCl|6|2-}} i {{chem|RfBr|6|2-}}. Za komplekse fluorida, cirkonij i hafnij grade hepta- i oktakomplekse. Prema tome, za veći raderfordijev ion mogući su i kompleksi {{chem|RfF|6|2-}}, {{chem|RfF|7|3-}} i {{chem|RfF|8|4-}}.<ref name="Kratz03"/> === Izotopi === Raderfordij nema ni jedan stabilni niti prirodni [[izotop]]. Do danas je u laboratoriju sintetizirano nekoliko radioaktivnih izotopa, bilo fuzijom dva atoma bilo raspadom nekog težeg elementa. Ukupno je otkriveno 16 različitih izotopa ovog elementa sa [[atomska masa|atomskim masama]] između 253 i 270 (sa izuzetkom 264 i 269). Većina ovih izotopa se raspada putem spontane fisije.<ref name=nuclidetable/><ref name=isotopes/> Osim izotopa čija vremena poluraspada su poznata, lakši izotopi obično imaju kraća vremena poluraspada. Izmjereno je vrijeme poluraspada za ²⁵³Rf i ²⁵⁴Rf koje iznosi kraće od 50 μs. Izotopi ²⁵⁶Rf, ²⁵⁸Rf, ²⁶⁰Rf su nešto stabilniji od oko 10 ms, dok se ²⁵⁵Rf, ²⁵⁷Rf, ²⁵⁹Rf i ²⁶²Rf raspada između jedne i pet sekundi. Izotopi ²⁶¹Rf, ²⁶⁵Rf i ²⁶³Rf su još stabilniji od navedeni, a njihova vremena poluraspada iznose jednu, 1,5 i deset minuta, respektivno. Najteži izotopi su ujedno i najstabilniji, gdje je kod ²⁶⁷Rf izmjereno [[vrijeme poluraspada]] od oko 1,3 sata.<ref name=nuclidetable/> Vremena poluraspada izotopa ²⁶⁹Rf, ²⁷¹Rf i težih još nisu poznata niti su izračunata. Najlakši izotopi su sintetizirani direktnom fuzijom dva lakša jezgra i kao proizvod raspada. Najteži izotop dobijen direktnom fuzijom jeste ²⁶²Rf; dok su teži izotopi od njega opaženi samo kao proizvodi raspada elemenata sa većim [[atomski broj|atomskim brojevima]], od kojih je potvrđeno postojanje samo ²⁶⁷Rf. Teški izotopi ²⁶⁶Rf i ²⁶⁸Rf su opaženi kao [[elektronski zahvat|zahvat elektrona]] "kćerke" izotopa [[dubnij]]a ²⁶⁶Db i ²⁶⁸Db, ali imaju kratka vremena poluraspada prije spontane fisije. Čini se da isto vrijedi i za ²⁷⁰Rf, kao moguće "kćerke" izotopa ²⁷⁰Db.<ref name="270Rf"/> Iako izotop ²⁶⁴Rf još nije dokazan, previđa se da bi njegovo kratko vrijeme poluraspada iznosilo 5 sekundi.<ref name=264Rf/> Godine 1999. američki naučnici na Univerzitetu Kalifornije u Berkeleyu objavili su da su uspjeli sintetizirati tri atoma ²⁹³Og.<ref name="viktor"/> Ovaj "roditeljski" izotop prema navodima naučnika se raspao emitirajući sedam alfa čestica dajući jezgro ²⁶⁵Rf. Kasnije 2001. godine objava ovog otkrića je poništena.<ref name="enews"/> == Reference == {{refspisak|2|refs= <ref name=hcp>{{cite journal|doi=10.1103/PhysRevB.84.113104|title=First-principles calculation of the structural stability of 6d transition metals|year=2011|author=Östlin A.; Vitos L.|journal=Physical Review B|volume=84|issue=11|bibcode=2011PhRvB..84k3104O}}</ref> <ref name="Kratz03">{{cite journal|doi=10.1351/pac200375010103 |url=http://stage.iupac.org/originalWeb/publications/pac/2003/pdf/7501x0103.pdf |title=Critical evaluation of the chemical properties of the transactinide elements (IUPAC Technical Report) |year=2003|journal=Pure and Applied Chemistry |volume=75 |issue=1 |page=103|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726195721/http://stage.iupac.org/originalWeb/publications/pac/2003/pdf/7501x0103.pdf |archivedate=26. 7. 2011|author=Kratz J. 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Rykaczewski|title=Search for 283,284,285-Fl decay chains|url=http://asrc.jaea.go.jp/soshiki/gr/chiba_gr/workshop3/&Rykaczewski.pdf|access-date=23. 10. 2017|datum=1. 3. 2014}}</ref> <ref name=isotopes>{{cite web |url=http://newscenter.lbl.gov/news-releases/2010/10/26/six-new-isotopes/ |title=Six New Isotopes of the Superheavy Elements Discovered " Berkeley Lab News Center |publisher=Newscenter.lbl.gov |access-date=27. 2. 2011}}</ref> <ref name="270Rf">{{Cite book|author=Reinhard Stock|title=Encyclopedia of Nuclear Physics and its Applications|page=305|url=https://books.google.com.ru/books?id=zVrdAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT305&lpg=PT305|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2013|isbn=9783527649266}}</ref> <ref name="viktor">{{cite journal |author=Ninov Viktor ''et al.''|title=Observation of Superheavy Nuclei Produced in the Reaction of Krypton-86 with Lead-208|journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=83 |issue=6 |pages=1104–1107 |year=1999 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1104 |bibcode=1999PhRvL..83.1104N}}</ref> <ref name="enews">{{cite news |url=http://enews.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/118-retraction.html |publisher=Berkeley Lab |author=Public Affairs Department |title=Results of element 118 experiment retracted |datum=21. 7. 2001 |access-date=18. 1. 2008 |access-date=23. 10. 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080129191344/http://enews.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/118-retraction.html |archive-date=29. 1. 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="rscorg">{{cite web |url=http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/podcast/Interactive_Periodic_Table_Transcripts/Rutherfordium.asp |title=Rutherfordium |publisher=Rsc.org |access-date=23. 10. 2017 |archive-date=8. 4. 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408194724/http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/podcast/Interactive_Periodic_Table_Transcripts/Rutherfordium.asp |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> <ref name=97IUPAC>{{cite journal |doi =10.1351/pac199769122471 |title =Names and symbols of transfermium elements (IUPAC Recommendations 1997) |year=1997 |journal =Pure and Applied Chemistry |volume =69 |issue = 12 |pages =2471–2474}}</ref> <ref name=93TWG>{{cite journal |title =Discovery of the transfermium elements. Part II: Introduction to discovery profiles. Part III: Discovery profiles of the transfermium elements |year= 1993 |author= Barber R. C.; Greenwood, N. N.; Hrynkiewicz, A. Z.; Jeannin, Y. P. ''et al.''|journal = Pure and Applied Chemistry| volume = 65 |issue = 8 |pages = 1757–1814 |doi = 10.1351/pac199365081757}}</ref> <ref name="pac19936">{{cite journal |doi =10.1351/pac199365081815|title =Responses on 'Discovery of the transfermium elements' by Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, California; Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna; and Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt followed by reply to responses by the Transfermium Working Group |year =1993|author= Ghiorso A.; Seaborg G. T.; Organessian (sic!) Yu. Ts.; Zvara I. ''et al.''|journal =Pure and Applied Chemistry|volume =65|issue = 8|pages =1815–1824}}</ref> <ref name=69Gh01>{{cite journal |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.22.1317 |title = Positive Identification of Two Alpha-Particle-Emitting Isotopes of Element 104 |year= 1969 |author= Ghiorso A.; Nurmia M. ''et al.'' |journal = Physical Review Letters |volume = 22 |issue = 24 |pages = 1317–1320 |bibcode=1969PhRvL..22.1317G}}</ref> <ref name=73Be01>{{cite journal |doi =10.1103/PhysRevLett.31.647 |title =X-Ray Identification of Element 104 |year =1973|journal =Physical Review Letters |volume =31 |issue =10 |pages =647–650 |bibcode=1973PhRvL..31..647B| |author =Bemis, C. E.; Silva R.; Hensley D.; Keller O. ''et al.''}}</ref> <ref name="haire">{{Cite book|author=Haire, Richard G.|year=2006|chapter=Transactinides and the future elements|editor=Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean|title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements|edition=3|location=Dordrecht, Holandija|publisher=Springer Science+Business Media|isbn=1-4020-3555-1}}</ref> <ref name="chemdata">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/104/rutherfordium|title=Chemical Data. Rutherfordium - Rf|publisher=Royal Chemical Society|access-date=20. 10. 2017}}</ref> <ref name="alejandro">{{Cite web|author=Sonzogni, Alejandro|url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/reCenter.jsp?z=104&n=158|title=Interactive Chart of Nuclides|publisher=National Nuclear Data Center: Brookhaven National Laboratory|access-date=20. 10. 2017|language=en|archive-date=20. 12. 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220033839/https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/reCenter.jsp?z=104&n=158|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="ellison">{{Cite journal|author=Ellison, P.; Gregorich, K.; Berryman, J.; Bleuel, D.; Clark, R.; Dragojević, I.; Dvorak, J.; Fallon, P. ''et al''.|year=2010|title=New Superheavy Element Isotopes: 242Pu(48Ca,5n)285114|journal=Physical Review Letters|volume=105|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.182701}}</ref> }} {{Commonscat|Rutherfordium}} {{PSE}} {{Hemijski elementi nazvani po naučnicima}} [[Kategorija:Hemijski elementi]] rv0vgkcksete3bf7m22vy9c0r3ck4l2 0 8751 3426964 3390625 2022-08-01T21:11:18Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija hemijski element | Hemijski element = Prometij | Simbol = Pm | Atomski broj = 61 | Serija = [[Lantanoidi]] | Grupa = La | Perioda = 6 | Blok = f | Boja serije = Plum | Izgled = metalni sjaj | Zastupljenost = 1,5 · 10⁻¹⁹<ref name="Binder"/> | Atomska masa = 146,9151 (¹⁴⁷Pm)) | Atomski radijus = 185 | Atomski radijus izračunat = 205 | Kovalentni radijus = 199 | Van der Waalsov radijus = - | Elektronska konfiguracija = &#x5B;[[Ksenon|Xe]]&#x5D; 4f⁵6s² | Izlazna energija = | Elektroni u energetskom nivou = 2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2 | Energija ionizacije_1 = 540 | Energija ionizacije_2 = 1050 | Energija ionizacije_3 = 2150 | Agregatno stanje = čvrsto | Mohsova skala tvrdoće = | Struktura kristala = | Gustoća = 7200<ref name="Binder"/> | Gustoća_K = 298,15<ref name="Greenwood"/> | Magnetizam = | Tačka topljenja_K = 1353 | Tačka topljenja_C = 1080<ref name="Weigel_577"/> | Tačka ključanja_K = 3273 | Tačka ključanja_C = 3000<ref name="Weigel_577"/> | Molarni volumen = 20,10 · 10^-6<ref name="Binder"/> | Toplota isparavanja = 290 | Toplota topljenja = 7,7 | Pritisak pare = | Pritisak pare_K = | Brzina zvuka = | Brzina zvuka_K = | Specifična toplota = | Specifična toplota_K = | Specifična električna provodljivost = 1,33 · 10⁶ | Specifična električna provodljivost_K = | Toplotna provodljivost = 15 | Toplotna provodljivost_K = | Oksidacioni broj = 3 | Oksidi = | Elektrodni potencijal = −2,423 V<br />(Pm³⁺ + 3&nbsp;e⁻ → Pm)<ref name="Binder"/> | Elektronegativnost = 1,13 (?) | Oznaka upozorenja = {{Oznake upozorenja|-}} | Oznake upozorenja R = {{Oznake upozorenja R|-}} | Oznake upozorenja S = {{Oznake upozorenja S|-}} | Radioaktivan = Da | Izotopi = {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 1 | Simbol = Pm | Maseni broj = 143 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 265 [[dan|d]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Elektronski zahvat|ε]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 1,041 | Tipraspada1ZP = ¹⁴³Nd }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 1 | Simbol = Pm | Maseni broj = 144 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 363 [[dan|d]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Elektronski zahvat|ε]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 2,332 | Tipraspada1ZP = ¹⁴⁴Nd }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Pm | Maseni broj = 145 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 17,7 [[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Elektronski zahvat|ε]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 2,322 | Tipraspada1ZP = ¹⁴⁵Nd | Tipraspada2ZM = [[Alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada2ZE = 0,163 | Tipraspada2ZP = ¹⁴¹Pr }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Pm | Maseni broj = 146 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 5,53 [[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Elektronski zahvat|ε]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 1,472 | Tipraspada1ZP = ¹⁴⁶Nd | Tipraspada2ZM = [[beta-zraci|β^-]] | Tipraspada2ZE = 1,542 | Tipraspada2ZP = ¹⁴⁶Sm }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 1 | Simbol = Pm | Maseni broj = 147 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 2,6234 [[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[beta-zraci|β^-]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 0,224 | Tipraspada1ZP = ¹⁴⁷Sm }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 1 | Simbol = Pm | Maseni broj = 148 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 5,370 [[dan|d]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[beta-zraci|β^-]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 2,468 | Tipraspada1ZP = ¹⁴⁸Sm }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 1 | Simbol = Pm | Maseni broj = 149 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 53,08 [[Sat (jedinica)|h]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[beta-zraci|β^-]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 1,071 | Tipraspada1ZP = ¹⁴⁹Sm }} |}} '''Prometij''' ([[latinski jezik|lat.]]: ''promethium'') jest [[hemijski element]] sa simbolom '''Pm''' i [[atomski broj|atomskim brojem]] 61. Svi njegovi [[izotop]]i su [[radioaktivnost|radioaktivni]]. On je jedan od dva takva elementa nakon kojih u [[periodni sistem elemenata|periodnom sistemu]] slijede stabilni elementi. Drugi takav element je [[tehnecij]]. Hemijski, prometij spada u [[lantanoidi|lantanoide]], koji spajanjem s drugim elementima grade soli. Jedino poznato stabilno [[oksidacijsko stanje]] prometija je +3. Godine 1902. [[Bohuslav Brauner]] je predvidio postojanje tada još nepoznatog elementa čije osobine su između tada poznatih elemenata [[neodij]]a (60) i [[samarij]]a (62). Tu pretpostavku je potvrdio 1914. [[Henry Moseley]], koji je nakon što je izmjerio atomske brojeve svih tada poznatih elemenata, pronašao da ne postoji element s atomskim brojem 61. Godine 1926. dvije grupe naučnika (jedna italijanska a druga američka) tvrdile su da su izdvojili uzorak elementa 61. Za oba "otkrića" uskoro se ispostavilo da su lažna. Tokom nuklearnog eksperimenta 1938. izvedenog na Državnom univerzitetu Ohio, dobijeno je nekoliko radioaktivnih nuklida koji zasigurno nisu mogli biti radioizotopi neodija ili samarija, ali zbog tadašnjeg nedostatka hemijskih dokaza da je dobijen element 61, otkriće nije priznato u tadašnjoj nauci. Prometij je prvi put proizveden i opisan u Nacionalnoj laboratoriji Oak Ridge 1945. nakon izdvajanja i analize proizvoda fisije uranijskog goriva kojeg su prethodno podvrgli radijaciji u grafitnom reaktoru. Naučnici su predložili naziv ''prometheum'' (koji se naknadno neznatno promijenio) što je izvedenica iz imena [[Prometej (mitologija)|Prometeja]], jednog od [[Titani|Titana]] iz grčke mitologije koji je po predaji ukrao vatru sa Olimpa i donio je ljudima, što simbolizira "istovremeno i smjelu i moguću zloupotrebu ljudskog znanja". Uzorak metalnog prometija prvi put je dobijen 1963. godine. Postoje dva moguća izvora prirodnog prometija: rijetki radioaktivni raspad prirodnog izotopa [[europij]]a-151 čime nastaje prometij-147 te raspadom [[uranij]]a (nastaju razni izotopi). Praktična upotreba postoji samo za hemijske spojeve izotopa prometija-137, koji se koristi za atomske baterije i svjetleće boje, kao i za uređaje za mjerenje debljine laka ili boje, iako je prometij-145 najstabilniji izotop ovog elementa. Pošto su prirodni izvori prometija vrlo rijetki, on se obično sintetizira bombardiranjem uranija-235 (obogaćivanjem uranija) sa termičkim neutronima čime se kao proizvod fisije dobija prometij-147. == Historija == Češki hemičar [[Bohuslav Brauner]] je 1902. otkrio da su razlike u osobinama između neodija i samarija najveće među bilo koja dva uzastopna lantanoida u tada poznatom nizu. Kao zaključak on je predložio da između njih postoji još jedan element sa osobinama koje se negdje između ta dva elementa.<ref name="61a"/> Ovu procjenu podržao je [[Henry Moseley]] 1914. godine koji je otkrio da je [[atomski broj]] zapravo osobina nekog elementa koju je moguće eksperimentalno izmjeriti, te je pronašao nekoliko atomskih brojeva koji ne odgovaraju niti jednom poznatom elementu u to vrijeme. Prema njegovim izračunima, postojale su praznine kod atomskih brojeva 43, 61, 72, 75, 85 i 87.<ref name="Littlefield"/> Saznavši za ove praznine u periodnom sistemu, brojne grupe naučnika počele su potragu za pretpostavljenim elementima u sastavu drugih rijetkih zemalja iz prirodnog okruženja.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=108}} Prvi izvještaj o otkriću objavili su [[italija]]nski hemičari Luigi Rolla i Lorenzo Fernandes u [[Firenca|Firenci]]. Nakon što su frakcijskom kristalizacijom izdvajali mješavinu koncentriranih nitrata nekoliko rijetkih zemnih elementata iz uzorka [[mineral]]a [[monacit]]a iz Brazila, dobili su rastvor koji je pretežno sadržavao samarij. Taj rastvor dao je spektar x-zraka koji su pripisani samariju i elementu 61. U čast svog grada, elementu 61 dali su naziv "firencij" (''florentium''). Rezultate su objavili 1926. mada su naučnici tvrdili da su eksperimente obavili dvije godine ranije.<ref name="zaac70129"/><ref name="Noyes"/><ref name="Natur119"/><ref name="zaac1928"/><ref name="zaac104"/><ref name="uber1927"/> Također 1926. godine, grupa naučnika sa Univerziteta Illinios iz Urbana-Champaign, Smith Hopkins i Len Yntema su objavili otkriće elementa 61. Dali su mu naziv "ilinij" (''illinium'') prema imenu univerziteta.<ref name="Harris"/><ref name="nat1926118"/><ref name="BF014902"/> Međutim, za oba ova navodna otkrića kasnije se ispostavilo da su netačna jer su spektralne linije za koje se mislilo da su u korespodenciji sa elementom 61 bile identične onima [[didimij]]a (smjese prazeodija i neodija), a za linije koje se mislilo da pripadaju elementu 61 ispostavilo se da pripadaju sadržanim primjesama (barij, [[hrom]] i [[platina]]).{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=108}} Napokon 1934. [[Josef Mattauch]] je formulirao izobarno pravilo. Jedna od indirektnih posljedica ovog pravila bila je ta da element 61 ne može imati stabilnih izotopa.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=108}}<ref name="rare-earth-handbook"/> Godine 1938. H. B. Law sa saradnicima na Državnom univerzitetu Ohio izveli su nuklearni eksperiment. Dobijeni nuklidi 1941. godine nisu bili radioizotopi neodija ili samarija, te je za novi element predložen naziv "ciklonij", ali zbog nedostataka hemijskih dokaza da je dobijen element 61, priznanje ovog otkrića u svjetskoj nauci je izostalo.{{sfn|Emsley|2011|p=428}} Tek 1945. u Nacionalnoj laboratoriji Oak Ridge (u to vrijeme "Clinton Laboratories") grupa naučnika [[Jacob A. Marinsky]], [[Lawrence E. Glendenin]] i [[Charles D. Coryell]] izdvojili su i analizirali proizvode fisije uranijevog goriva kojeg su izložili radijaciji u grafitnom reaktoru. Međutim, pošto su bili isuviše zauzeti zbog vojnih istraživanja tokom [[Drugi svjetski rat|Drugog svjetskog rata]], svoje otkriće nisu objavili sve do 1947.<ref name="glendenin"/><ref name="ornlgov"/> Prvobitno predloženo ime za element 61 bilo je "klintonij", prema laboratoriji gdje su istraživanja obavljena. Međutim, naziv "prometeum" (''prometheum'') predložila je Grace Mary Coryell, supruga jednog od naučnika.{{sfn|Emsley|2011|p=428}} To ime je izvedeno iz imena Prometeja, jednog od Titana iz grčke mitologije koji je ukrao [[vatra|vatru]] sa planine [[Olimp]] i donio je ljudima{{sfn|Emsley|2011|p=428}} što simbolizira "istovremeno i smjelu i moguću zloupotrebu ljudskog znanja".<ref name="frederick"/> Pisanje imena se kasnije neznatno promijenilo u današnje "prometij" (''promethium''), radi usklađivanja sa imenima većine drugih metala.{{sfn|Emsley|2011|p=428}} == Osobine == ===Fizičke=== [[Datoteka:Promethium spectrum visible.png|lijevo|mini|Vidljivi spektar prometija]] Prometij ima 61 elektron u atomu, koji imaju [[Elektronska konfiguracija|konfiguraciju]] &#91;[[Ksenon|Xe]]&#93;4f⁵6s².<ref name="Greenwood"/> Pri građenju spojeva, njegov atom gubi dva vanjska, najudaljenija elektrona te jedan od ''4f''-elektrona, koji pripadaju otvorenoj podljusci. Atomski radijus elementa je treći najveći među svim lantanoidima ali je samo neznatno veći od radijusa susjednih elemenata.<ref name="Greenwood"/> On je jedini izuzetak od općeg trenda kontrakcije atoma uz povećanje atomskog radijusa (uzrokovanog [[Kontrakcija lantanoida|kontrakcijom lantanoida]]<ref name="wilkinson"/>) što nije uzrokovano popunjenom (ili polovično popunjenom) 4f-podljuskom. Mnoge osobine prometija zasnivaju se na njegovom mjestu među lantanoidima te su pretežno između osobina neodija i samarija. Naprimjer, [[Talište|tačka topljenja]], prve tri energije ionizacije i energija hidracije su veće nego one kod neodija ali niže nego kod samarija;<ref name="Greenwood"/> slično tome, pretpostavljena [[tačka ključanja]], ionski (Pm³⁺) radijus i standardna toplota formiranja jednoatomnog gasa su više nego kod samarija, ali niže nego kod neodija.<ref name="Greenwood"/> Prometij ima dvostruku heksagonalnu gusto pakovanu (dhcp) strukturu te tvrdoću od 63&nbsp;kg/mm².<ref name=str/> Ova niskotemperaturna alfa forma prelazi u beta, prostorno-centriranu kubičnu (bcc) fazu pri zagrijavanju na 890&nbsp;°C.<ref name=CRCrare/> === Hemijske === Prometij pripada lantanoidnoj grupi cerija te je hemijski vrlo sličan susjednim elementima iz periodnog sistema.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=120}} Zbog njegove nestabilnosti, hemijske studije o prometiju nisu potpune. Čak iako je dobijeno nekoliko njegovih spojeva, oni nisu sveobuhvatno proučeni, mada općenito uglavnom su ružičaste i crvene boje.{{sfn|Emsley|2011|p=429}}<ref name=brit/> Tretiranjem [[amonijak]]om kiselih rastvora u kojem su sadržani ioni Pm³⁺ dobija se želatinozna svijetlo smeđa naslaga hidroksida, Pm(OH)₃, koji nije rastvorljiv u vodi.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=121}} Kada se rastvori u hlorovodičnoj kiselini, nastaje rastvorljiva žuta so {{Chem|Pm|Cl|3}}.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=121}} Slično tome, pri otapanju u dušičnoj kiselini dobija se nitrat Pm(NO₃)₃. Nitrat je također dobro rastvorljiv, a nakon sušenja i uklanjanja vode formiraju se ružičasti kristali, slični Nd(NO₃)₃.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=121}} [[Elektronska konfiguracija]] iona Pm³⁺ je [Xe] 4f⁴, a oni su ružičaste boje. Simbol spektralnog terma stabilnog stanja je ⁵I₄.<ref name="aspinall"/> Sulfat je slabo rastvorljiv, kao i sulfati drugih elemenata grupe cerija. Parametri ćelije su izračunati za njegov oktahidrat. Oni navode na zaključak da je gustoća Pm₂(SO₄)₃·8 {{Chem|H|2|O}} oko 2,86 g/cm³.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=122}} Oksalat prometija, Pm₂(C₂O₄)₃·10 {{Chem|H|2|O}}, ima najnižu rastvorljivost među svim oksalatima lantanoida.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=123}} Za razliku od nitrata, [[prometij-oksid]] je dosta sličan odgovarajućim solima samarija ali ne i solima neodija. Neposredno nakon sintetiziranje, npr. zagrijavanjem oksalata, oksid je bijeli ili ljubičasti prah nepravilne strukture.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=121}} Taj prah se kristalizira u kubičnu rešetku nakon zagrijavanja do 600&nbsp;°C. Dalje žarenje na temperaturu od 800&nbsp;°C a zatim i do 1750&nbsp;°C nepovratno mijenja faze, najprije u monoklinsku a zatim u heksagonalnu, respektivno, a one faze se mogu međusobno mijenjati jednostavnim podešavanjem vremena i temperature žarenja.<ref name=PmO/> {| Class = "wikitable" style = "text-align: center" ! Formula ! Simetrija ! Prostorna<br/>grupa ! Br ! Pearsonov<br/>simbol ! ''a'' (pm) ! ''b'' (pm) ! ''c'' (pm) ! ''Z'' ! gustoća<br/>g/cm³ |- | α-Pm | dhcp<ref name=str/><ref name=CRCrare/> | P6₃/mmc | 194 | hP4 | 365 | 365 | 1165 | 4 | 7,26 |- | β-Pm | [[Kubični kristalni sistem|bcc]]<ref name=CRCrare/> | Fm<span style="text-decoration: overline;">3</span>m | 225 | cF4 | 410 | 410 | 410 | 4 | 6,99 |- | Pm₂O₃ | kubična<ref name=PmO/> | Ia<span style="text-decoration: overline;">3</span> | 206 | cI80 | 1099 | 1099 | 1099 | 16 | 6,77 |- | Pm₂O₃ | monoklinska<ref name=PmO/> | C2/m | 12 | mS30 | 1422 | 365 | 891 | 6 | 7,40 |- | Pm₂O₃ | heksagonalna<ref name=PmO/> | P<span style="text-decoration: overline;">3</span>m1 | 164 | hP5 | 380,2 | 380,2 | 595,4 | 1 | 7,53 |} Prometij gradi samo jedno stabilno [[oksidacijsko stanje]], +3 u obliku iona, što odgovara drugim lantanoidima. Prema njegovom mjestu u periodnom sistemu, za ovaj element se ne može očekivati da gradi stabilna +4 ili +2 oksidacijska stanja. Tretiranje hemijskih spojeva koji sadrže ione Pm³⁺ sa snažnim oksidirajućim ili reducirajućim sredstvima pokazalo je da se ovi ione ne mogu lahko oksidirati niti reducirati.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=120}} {| Class = "wikitable" style = "text-align: center" |+Halidi prometija<ref name="simon"/> ! Formula ! Boja ! Koordijacijski<br/>broj ! Simetrija ! Prostorna<br/>grupa ! Br ! Pearsonov<br/>simbol ! Tačka<br/>topljenja (°C) |- |PmF₃ |ružičasta |11 |heksagonalna |P<span style="text-decoration: overline;">3</span>c1 |165 |hP24 |1338 |- |PmCl₃ |tamno<br/>ljubičasta |9 |heksagonalna |P6₃/mc |176 |hP8 |655 |- |PmBr₃ |crven |8 |ortorompska |Cmcm |63 |oS16 |624 |- |α-PmI₃ |crven |8 |ortorompska |Cmcm |63 |oS16 |α→β |- |β-PmI₃ |crven |6 |romboedarska |R<span style="text-decoration: overline;">3</span> |148 |hR24 |695 |} == Rasprostranjenost == [[Datoteka:Pitchblende schlema-alberoda.JPG|lijevo|thumb|[[Uraninit]], ruda uranija je nalazište najvećeg dijela prometija na Zemlji]] Godine 1934. [[Willard Libby]] je objavio da je pronašao slabu beta aktivnost u čistom neodiju, zbog čega mu je pripisao vrijeme poluraspada od preko 10¹² godina.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=117}} Gotovo 20 godina kasnije, naučnici su tvrdili da je element koji se nalazi u prirodnom neodiju u ravnoteži u količinama ispod 10⁻²⁰ prometija po jednom gramu neodija.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=117}} Međutim, ova opažanja su opovrgnuta novijim ispitivanjima, jer za svih sedam prirodnih izotopa neodija, svaki pojedini beta raspad (kojeg mogu proizvesti izotopi prometija) je zabranjen prema zakonu o očuvanju energije.<ref name="Audi"/> Konkretno, pažljiva mjerenja atomskih masa pokazala su da je razlika u masama ¹⁵⁰Nd-¹⁵⁰Pm negativna (-87 keV), što u potpunosti onemogućava jedan beta raspad ¹⁵⁰Nd u ¹⁵⁰Pm.<ref name="crc85"/> Godine 1965. finski hemičar O. Erämetsä izdvojio je tragove ¹⁴⁵Pm iz pročišćenog koncentrata rijetkih zemalja i [[apatit]]a, što je dalo podatak o gornjoj granici rasprostranjenosti prometija u prirodi od 10⁻²¹. Smatra se da je ovaj prometij nastao prirodnom nuklearnom fisijom uranija ili djelovanjem kosmičkih zraka na ¹⁴⁶Nd.<ref name="ullmann"/> Oba izotopa prirodnog europija imaju veći višak masa nego suma njihovih potencijalnih alfa "kćerki" i alfa čestica, prema tome oni (u praksi se smatraju stabilnim) možda se mogu raspadati alfa raspadom na prometij.<ref name="Mammamia"/> Naučnici u Nacionalnoj laboratoriji Gran Sasso pokazali su da se europij-151 eksperimentalno raspada do prometija-147 uz vrijeme poluraspada od 5{{e|18}} godina.<ref name="Mammamia"/> Također je dokazano da je europij "odgovoran" za oko 12 grama prometija u Zemljinoj kori.<ref name="Mammamia"/> Alfa raspadi europija-153 još uvijek nisu dokazani, a teoretski se smatra da bi njihovo vrijeme poluraspada bilo toliko dugo (zbog niske energije raspada) da bi se cijeli proces vjerovatno ne bi mogao zapaziti u bliskoj budućnosti. Najzad, prometij može nastati u prirodi kao proizvod spontane fisije uranija-238.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=117}} Međutim, moguće je pronaći samo tragove u prirodnim rudama. Naprimjer, uzorak uraninita može sadržavati prometij u koncentraciji od oko četiri dijela na [[trilion]] (10¹⁸) računato po masi.<ref name="attrep"/> Prema toj procjeni, uranij je "odgovoran" za oko 560 grama prometija u Zemljinoj kori.<ref name="Mammamia"/> Prometij je detektovan u spektru zvijezde [[HR 465]] u sazviježđu [[Andromeda (sazviježđe)|Andromede]], a također je nađen i u spektrima zvijezda [[HD 101065]] (zvijezda Przybylskog) i [[HD 965]].<ref name="bidelman"/> Zbog vrlo kratkog vremena poluraspada izotopa prometija, smatra se da se oni formiraju u blizini površine tih zvijezda.<ref name=CRCel/> == Upotreba == [[Datoteka:Pm,61.jpg|thumb|desno|150px|Prometij(III)-hlorid se koristi kao izvor svjetlosti za signale u grijnim tasterima]] Prometij se većinom koristi samo u istraživačke svrhe, izuzev prometija-147 koji se može pronaći i izvan laboratorija.{{sfn|Emsley|2011|p=428}} Dobija se kao oksid ili hlorid,{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=118}} u miligramskim količinama.{{sfn|Emsley|2011|p=428}} Ovaj izotop ne emitira [[Gama zračenje|gama zrake]], a njegovo zračenje ima relativno slabu prodornu moć kroz materiju i ima prilično dugo vrijeme poluraspada.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=118}} Neki signalni uređaji koriste svjetleće boje koje u sebi sadrže [[fosfor]], čime apsorbiraju beta zračenje koje emitira prometij-147 te na taj način emitiraju [[svjetlost]].<ref name=CRCel/>{{sfn|Emsley|2011|p=428}} Ovaj izotop ne uzrokuje "starenje" fosfora, kao što se to dešava od alfa emitera,{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=118}} pa su takvi svjetlosni izvori stabilni nekoliko godina.{{sfn|Lavrukhina|Pozdnyakov|1966|p=118}} Ranije se u iste svrhe koristio izotop [[radij]]a-226, a kasnije je zamijenjen prometijem-147 i [[tricij]]em ([[vodik]]-3).<ref name="tykva"/> Zbog nuklearne sigurnosti prometij ima prednost nad tricijem za takvu vrstu aplikacija.<ref name=Deeter1993/> U [[Atomska baterija|atomskim baterijama]], beta čestice koje emitira prometij-147 se pretvaraju u električnu struju tako što se mali izvor prometija postavlja u "sendvič" između dvije poluprovodničke ploče. Takve baterije imaju korisni rok trajanja od oko pet godina.<ref name=brit/><ref name=CRCel/>{{sfn|Emsley|2011|p=428}} Prve baterije zasnovane na prometiju napravljene su 1964. te su generirale "nekoliko milivati snage iz uređaja zapremine od oko 33 cm³, uključujući i zaštitni omotač".<ref name="Loferski"/><ref name="osti"/> == Reference == {{refspisak|3|refs= <ref name="Binder">{{Cite book|author=Harry H. Binder|title=Lexikon der chemischen Elemente|publisher=S. Hirzel Verlag|location=Stuttgart|year=1999|isbn=3-7776-0736-3|pages=487–491}}</ref> <ref name="Greenwood">{{Cite book|author=N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw|title=Chemie der Elemente|edition=1|publisher=VCH|location=Weinheim|year=1988|isbn=3-527-26169-9|page=1579}}</ref> <ref name="Weigel_577">{{Cite journal|author=Fritz Weigel|title=Chemie des Promethiums|journal=Fortschr. Chem. 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R.|author=Gschneidner, K.A., Jr.|chapter=Physical Properties of the rare earth metals|title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|edition=86|location=Boca Raton (FL)|publisher=CRC Press|year=2005|isbn=0-8493-0486-5|url=http://203.158.253.140/media/e-Book/Engineer/Chemistry/Handbook%20of%20Chemistry%20and%20Physics/Section%2004/04_03_86.pdf|accessdate=25. 10. 2017|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6AlZkPuDd?url=http://203.158.253.140/media/e-Book/Engineer/Chemistry/Handbook%20of%20Chemistry%20and%20Physics/Section%2004/04_03_86.pdf|archivedate=18. 9. 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=brit>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/478714/promethium Promethium] u ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online'', pristupljeno 25. oktobra 2017.</ref> <ref name="aspinall">{{cite book|title=Chemistry of the f-block elements| author=Aspinall, H. 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Lide|chapter=Table of the Isotopes|title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|page=[https://archive.org/details/crchandbookofche81lide/page/ sekcija 11]|edition=85|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-8493-0485-9|url=https://archive.org/details/crchandbookofche81lide/page/}}</ref> <ref name="ullmann">{{Cite book|title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|location=Weinheim|publisher=Wiley-VCH|year=2005|volume=31|page=188|author=McGill Ian|contribution=Rare Earth Elements|doi=10.1002/14356007.a22_607}}</ref> <ref name="Mammamia">{{cite journal|author=Belli P.; Bernabei R.; Cappella F.; Cerulli R. ''et al.''|title=Search for α decay of natural Europium|year=2007|journal=Nuclear Physics A|volume=789|issue=1–4|pages=15–29|doi=10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2007.03.001|bibcode=2007NuPhA.789...15B}}</ref> <ref name="attrep">{{cite journal|author=Attrep, Moses, Jr.; Kuroda, P. K.|datum=1. 5. 1968|title = Promethium in pitchblende|journal = Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry|volume = 30|issue = 3|pages = 699–703|doi = 10.1016/0022-1902(68)80427-0}}</ref> <ref name="bidelman">{{cite journal|author=C. R. Cowley; W. P. Bidelman; S. Hubrig ''et al.''|year=2004|title=On the possible presence of promethium in the spectra of HD 101065 (Przybylski's star) and HD 965|journal = Astronomy & Astrophysics|volume = 419|pages = 1087–1093|doi = 10.1051/0004-6361:20035726|bibcode=2004A&A...419.1087C|issue = 3}}</ref> <ref name=CRCel>{{cite book | editor= Haynes, William M.|year=2011|title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|edition=92|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=1439855110|page=4.28|chapter=Prometium in "The Elements"|author=Hammond, C. R.}}</ref> <ref name="tykva">{{Cite book|title = Man-made and natural radioactivity in environmental pollution and radiochronology|url = https://archive.org/details/manmadenaturalra0000unse|year = 2004|page = [https://archive.org/details/manmadenaturalra0000unse/page/78 78]|isbn = 1-4020-1860-6|author=Tykva Richard; Berg Dieter|publisher=Springer}}</ref> <ref name=Deeter1993>{{cite book|chapter=Disease and the Environment|year=1993|title=Occupational health: the soldier and the industrial base|author=Deeter, David P.|page=187|publisher=Government Printing Office|oclc=246617123}}</ref> <ref name="Loferski">{{cite journal|doi=10.1109/T-ED.1964.15271|title=Construction of a promethium-147 atomic battery|year=1964|author=Flicker H.; Loferski J. J.; Elleman T. S.|journal=IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices|volume=11|pages=2|bibcode=1964ITED...11....2F}}</ref> <ref name="osti">{{Cite journal|author=Olsen, L.C., S.E. Seeman, B.I. Griffin|title=Betavoltaic nuclear electric power sources|journal=Trans. Amer. Nucl. Soc.|volume=12|pages=481-2|date=1. 11. 1969|url=https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/4721817}}</ref> }} == Literatura == *{{cite book|last=Emsley|first=John|title=Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2EfYXzwPo3UC&pg=PA428|year= 2011|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-960563-7|pages=428–430|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=Аналитическая химия технеция, прометия, астатина и франция (Analytical Chemistry of Technetium, Promethium, Astatine, and Francium)|url=http://chemteq.ru/assets/files/books/analytical/0082.djvu|language=ru|first1=A. K.|last1=Lavrukhina|first2=A. A.|last2=Pozdnyakov|year=1966|publisher=Nauka|ref=harv}} ==Vanjski linkovi== {{Commonscat|Promethium}} *[http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele061.html It's Elemental – Promethium] *[http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/061.htm Prometij] na sajtu ''Periodic Videos'', Univerzitet u Nottinghamu {{PSE}} [[Kategorija:Hemijski elementi]] 3pozupqq5zxakodvgremsyqo5jfdjbo 0 9075 3426965 3342684 2022-08-01T21:15:40Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija hemijski element | Hemijski element = Protaktinij | Simbol = Pa | Atomski broj = 91 | Serija = Aktinoidi | Grupa = Ac | Perioda = 7 | Blok = f | Boja serije = Orchid | Slika = [[Datoteka:Protactinium.jpg|180px]] | Izgled = svijetao, srebrenasto sjajni metal | Zastupljenost = 9 · 10^-12<ref name="harry" /> | Atomska masa = 231,03588<ref name="ciaww" /> | Atomski radijus = 163 | Atomski radijus izračunat = - | Kovalentni radijus = 200 | Van der Waalsov radijus = - | Elektronska konfiguracija = &#x5B;[[Radon|Rn]]&#x5D; 5f²6d¹7s² | Izlazna energija = | Elektroni u energetskom nivou = 2, 8, 18, 32, 20, 9, 2 | Energija ionizacije_1 = 568 | Agregatno stanje = čvrsto | Mohsova skala tvrdoće = | Struktura kristala = tetragonalna<ref name="donohue" /> | Gustoća = 15370 | Magnetizam = paramagnetičan<ref name="crc" /> | Tačka topljenja_K = 1841 | Tačka topljenja_C = 1568 | Tačka ključanja_K = 4300 | Tačka ključanja_C = 4027 | Molarni volumen = 15,18 · 10^-6 | Toplota isparavanja = 481 | Toplota topljenja = 12,34 | Pritisak pare = 5,1 · 10^-5 | Pritisak pare_K = 2200 | Brzina zvuka = | Brzina zvuka_K = | Specifična toplota = 120 | Specifična toplota_K = | Specifična električna provodljivost = 5,29 · 10⁶ | Specifična električna provodljivost_K = | Toplotna provodljivost = 47 | Toplotna provodljivost_K = | Oksidacioni broj = 2, 3, 4, '''5''' | Oksidi = | Elektrodni potencijal = | Elektronegativnost = 1,5 | Oznaka upozorenja = {{Oznake upozorenja|/}} | Oznake upozorenja R = {{Oznake upozorenja R|/}} | Oznake upozorenja S = {{Oznake upozorenja S|/}} | Radioaktivan = Da | Izotopi = {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 3 | Simbol = Pa | Maseni broj = 230 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 17,4&nbsp;[[dan|d]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Elektronski zahvat|ε]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 1,310 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Torij|²³⁰Th]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[beta-zraci|β^-]] | Tipraspada2ZE = 0,563 | Tipraspada2ZP = [[Uranij|²³⁰U]] | Tipraspada3ZM = [[alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada3ZE = 5,439 | Tipraspada3ZP = [[Aktinij|²²⁶Ac]] }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 1 | Simbol = Pa | Maseni broj = 231 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 100 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 32760&nbsp;[[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 5,149 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Aktinij|²²⁷Ac]] }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Pa | Maseni broj = 232 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 1,31&nbsp;[[dan|d]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[beta-zraci|β^-]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 1,337 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Uranij|²³²U]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[Elektronski zahvat|ε]] | Tipraspada2ZE = 0,495 | Tipraspada2ZP = [[Torij|²³²Th]] }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 1 | Simbol = Pa | Maseni broj = 233 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 26,967&nbsp;[[dan|d]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[beta-zraci|β^-]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 0,571 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Uranij|²³³U]] }} |}} '''Protaktinij''' (ranije ''protoaktinij''; lat. ''protactinium'') jeste [[hemijski element]] sa simbolom '''Pa''' i [[atomski broj|atomskim brojem]] 91. Spada u grupu [[aktinoidi|aktinoida]]. On je teški, srebrenasto-sivi metal koji lahko reagira sa [[kisik]]om, [[vodena para|vodenom parom]] i neorganskim kiselinama. Gradi razne hemijske spojeve u kojima je protaktinij obično prisutan u [[oksidacijsko stanje|oksidacijskom stanju]] +5, ali također može graditi spojeve i u stanjima +4, pa čak i +3 ili +2. Prosječna koncentracija protaktinija u Zemljinoj kori je otprilike reda nekoliko dijelova na bilion, ali može dostizati i do nekoliko [[Parts per million|ppm]] u nekim depozitima rude [[uraninit]]a. Zbog svoje rijetkosti, velike [[radioaktivnost]]i i otrovnosti, danas ne postoji nijedan značajniji vid upotrebe protaktinija izvan naučnih istraživanja, a u ove svrhe on se pretežno izdvaja iz potrošenog nuklearnog goriva. Naučnici koji su prvi identificirali ovaj element 1913. bili su [[Kasimir Fajans]] i [[Oswald Helmuth Göhring]], te mu dali ime ''brevij'', zbog vrlo kratkog vremena poluraspada specifičnog izotopa kojeg su proučavali, protaktinija-234. Mnogo stabilniji izotop (²³¹Pa) pronašli su [[Otto Hahn]] i [[Lise Meitner]] 1918. i odabrali su ime "proto-aktinij", ali je [[IUPAC]] mnogo kasnije, 1949. promijenio naziv u današnji, te potvrdio otkrića Hahna i Meitner. Ime elementa doslovno znači "roditelj (prethodnik) [[aktinij]]a", reflektirajući činjenicu da je aktinij proizvod radioaktivnog raspada protaktinija. Također je zabilježeno da se otkriće protaktinija pripisuje [[John Arnold Cranston|Johnu Arnoldu Cranstonu]] (koji je radio zajedno sa [[Frederick Soddy|Frederickom Soddyjem]] i [[Ada Hitchins|Adom Hitchins]]), otkrivši 1915. najstabilniji izotop elementa ali svoje otkriće nisu odmah objavili jer je Cranston mobiliziran za učešće u [[Prvi svjetski rat|Prvom svjetskom ratu]].<ref name="glasgow"/> == Historija == [[Datoteka:Mendelejevs periodiska system 1871.png|thumb|lijevo|200px|Mendeljejev periodni sistem iz 1871. sa "rupom" na mjestu gdje bi se trebao nalaziti protaktinij, između torija i uranija]] Godine 1871. [[Dmitrij Ivanovič Mendeljejev|Mendeljejev]] je predvidio postojanje nekog hemijskog elementa između [[torij]]a i [[uranij]]a.<ref name="Emsley"/> U to vrijeme nije bila poznata grupa elemenata aktinoida u periodnom sistemu. Stoga, uranij je bio postavljen ispod [[volfram]]a u grupu VI, a torij se nalazio ispod [[cirkonij]]a u grupi IV, ostavljajući prazno mjesto ispod [[tantal]]a u grupi V, a sve do 1950ih, [[periodni sistem elemenata]] je objavljivan prema ovakvoj strukturi.<ref name="Laing"/> Drugo vremena, hemičari su tražili pretpostavljeni element ''eka-tantal'' za kojeg se mislilo da ima slične hemijske osobine tantalu, što je otkriće protaktinija učinilo gotovo nemogućim. Kasnije se ispostavilo da je tantalov teži analog zapravo transuranijski element [[dubnij]]. Godine 1900. [[William Crookes]] je izdvojio protaktinij u vidu izuzetno radioaktivnog materijala iz uzorka uranija. Međutim, taj "materijal" nije identificirao kao novi hemijski element pa mu je dao ime uranij-x (UX).<ref name="Emsley"/><ref name="google"/><ref name="crookes"/> Crookes je rastvorio [[uranij-nitrat]] u [[eter|etru]], gdje je ostatak u vodenoj fazi sadržavao uglavnom izotope {{su|p=234|b=90}}Th i {{su|p=234|b=91}}Pa. Njegova metoda za izoliranje izotopa {{su|p=234|b=90}}Th i {{su|p=234|b=91}}Pa iz spojeva uranija bila je u primjeni sve do 1950ih.<ref name="sven"/> Prvi koji su identificirali protaktinij kao novi element 1913. bili su [[Kasimir Fajans]] i Oswald Helmuth Göhring, otkrivši izotop ²³⁴Pa tokom istraživanja lanca raspada uranija-238: {{su|p=238|b=92}}U → {{su|p=234|b=90}}Th → {{su|p=234|b=91}}Pa → {{su|p=234|b=92}}U. Novom elementu dali su ime ''brevij'' (od latinske riječi ''brevis'', "kratak"), jer je {{su|p=234|b=91}}Pa imao vrlo kratko vrijeme poluraspada od 6,7 sati.<ref name=g1250>[[#Greenwood|Greenwood]], str. 1250</ref><ref name=g1254>[[#Greenwood|Greenwood]], str. 1254</ref><ref name="fajans"/><ref name="fajans2"/><ref name=Scerri/> Tokom 1917/18. dvije grupe naučnika: [[Otto Hahn]] i [[Lise Meitner]] iz [[Njemačka|Njemačke]] te [[Frederick Soddy]] i John Cranston iz Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva, nezavisno jedna od druge, otkrili su drugi izotop protaktinija, ²³¹Pa, koji je imao znatno duže [[vrijeme poluraspada]] od oko 32 hiljade godina.<ref name=Scerri/> Zbog toga je naziv ''brevij'' promijenjen u ''protoaktinij'', pošto je novi element predstavljao dio lanca raspada uranija-235 a nalazio se prije aktinija (od {{Jez-el|πρῶτος}} = ''protos'', ''prvi'', ''ranije'', ''prije''). Radi lakšeg izgovora, IUPAC je 1949. godine skratio naziv na današnju varijantu.<ref name=crc/><ref name=g1251>[[#Greenwood|Greenwood]], str. 1251</ref> Otkrićem protaktinija popunjena je jedna od posljednjih "rupa" iz prvih verzija periodnog sistema koje je sastavio Mendeljejev 1869. te donio čast i slavu naučnicima koji su učestvovali u otkriću.<ref name="sheaw"/> [[Aristid von Grosse]] uspio je 1927. dobiti dva miligrama Pa₂O₅,<ref name="Aristid"/> a 1934. je bio prvi naučnik koji je izolirao elementarni protaktinij u količini od 0,1 miligram iz Pa₂O₅.<ref name="kading"/> Koristio je dvije različite procedure: prvu, gdje je protaktinij-oksid ozračio elektronima energije 35 keV u vakuumu. Druga metoda, poznata pod nazivom van Arkel–de Boerov proces, gdje se oksid hemijski prevodi u halide (hloride, bromide ili jodide) a nakon toga se reducira u [[vakuum]]u pomoću metalnog filamenta zagrijanog električnim putem:<ref name=crc/><ref name="grosseav"/> : 2 PaI₅ → 2 Pa + 5 I₂ Godine 1961. Odjel za atomsku energiju Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva (UKAEA) proizveo je 125 grama 99,9% čistog protaktinija preradom oko 60 tona upotrebljenog nuklearnog materijala pomoću dvanaestofaznog procesa, za šta je trebalo oko 500 hiljada US$.<ref name=crc/> Dugi niz godina, ovo je bila jedina značajnija zaliha protaktinija na svijetu, iz koje su isporučivane male količine raznim laboratorijama za naučna istraživanja.<ref name="Emsley"/> Danas Nacionalna laboratorija Oak Ridge u SAD proizvodi protaktinij po cijeni od oko 280 US$ po gramu.<ref name="lanlgov"/> == Osobine == U [[periodni sistem elemenata|periodnom sistemu]], protaktinij sa rednim brojem 91 nalazi se u seriji aktinoida, njegov prethodnik je torij, a nakon njega slijedi uranij. Njegov analog u seriji lantanoida je [[prazeodij]]. === Fizičke === Protaktinij je srebreno-metalni element, koji pokazuje osobine [[superprovodljivost]]i na temperaturama ispod 1,4 K (274,53&nbsp;°C).<ref name="Emsley"/><ref name=super/> Na sobnoj temperaturi, protaktinij se kristalizira u prostorno-centriranu [[tetragonalni kristalni sistem|tetragonalnu]] strukturu koja bi se mogla opisati kao iskvarena prostorno-centrirana kubična rešetka. Ova struktura se ne mijenja nakon primjene pritiska do 53 GPa. Međutim, struktura se mijenja u plošno-centriranu kubičnu (''fcc'') nakon hlađenja, pošto je prethodno zagrijavana do oko 1200&nbsp;°C.<ref name=exp/><ref name="Young"/> Koeficijent toplotne ekspanzije u tetragonalnoj fazi između sobne temperature i 700&nbsp;°C iznosi 9,9{{e|-6}}/°C.<ref name=exp/> Ovaj element je paramagnetičan i ne pokazuje nikakve magnetne tranzicije pri bilo kojoj temperaturi.<ref name="Buschow"/> Protaktinij-tetrahlorid je paramagnetičan pri sobnoj temperaturi ali postaje feromagnetičan ako se ohladi do 182 K.<ref name="Hendricks"/> === Hemijske === Protaktinij se uglavnom nalazi u dva oksidacijska stanja, +4 i +5, kako u čvrstom stanju tako i u rastvorima. === Izotopi === Do danas je otkriveno 29 radio[[izotop]]a protaktinija, među kojim je najstabilniji ²³¹Pa sa [[vrijeme poluraspada|vremenom poluraspada]] do 32.760 godina, zatim slijedi ²³³Pa sa 27 dana te izotop ²³⁰Pa sa vremenom poluraspada od 17,4 dana. Svi ostali izotopi imaju vremena poluraspada kraća od 1,6 dana, a većina od njih raspada se za kraće od 1,8 sekunde. Protaktinij također ima i dva [[nuklearni izomer|nuklearna izomera]], ^217mPa (vrijeme poluraspada 1,2 milisekunde) i ^234mPa (1,17 minuta).<ref name="nubase"/> Osnovni način raspada izotopa protaktinija lakših od njegovog najstabilnijeg izotopa ²³¹Pa (uključujući i njega) odnosno od ²³²Pa do ²⁴⁰Pa jeste alfa raspad, dok je osnovni raspad za teže izotope (tj. od ²³²Pa do ²⁴⁰Pa) je beta raspad. Osnovni proizvod raspada lakših izotopa od ²³¹Pa (uključujući i njega) su izotopi aktinija, dok su osnovni proizvod raspada težih izotopa izotopi [[uranij]]a.<ref name="nubase"/> == Rasprostranjenost == Protaktinij je jedan od najrjeđi i najskupljih prirodnih elemenata. Nalazi se u obliku dva izotopa, ²³¹Pa i ²³⁴Pa, gdje se izotop ²³⁴Pa javlja u dva različita energetska stanja. Gotovo sav protaktinij u prirodi je izotop ²³¹Pa. On je emiter [[Alfa-zraci|alfa-zraka]] a nastaje raspadanje izotopa uranija-235, dok izotop ²³⁴Pa je emiter [[Beta-zrake|beta zračenja]] a nastaje kao rezultat raspada uranija-238. Gotovo sav uranij-238 (99,8%) najprije se rapada na kratkoživući izomer protaktinija ^234mPa.<ref name=ANL/> Protaktinij se javlja u rudi [[uraninit]]a u koncentracijama od 0,3-3 dijelova ²³¹Pa na milion ([[Parts per million|ppm]]).<ref name="Emsley"/> Dok se prosječni udio protaktinija kreće uglavnom oko 0,3 ppm<ref name=brit/> (naprimjer u nalazištu [[Jáchymov]] u [[Češka|Češkoj]]<ref name="agruss"/>), neke rude nađene u [[Demokratska Republika Kongo|Kongu]] imaju udio protaktinija od oko 3 ppm.<ref name=crc/> On je prilično homogeno raspršen u većini prirodnih materijala kao i [[Voda|vodi]], ali u značajno nižim koncentracijama reda jedan dio na bilion, što odgovara radioaktivnosti od 0,1 pikokirija (pCi)/g. Protaktinija ima oko 500 puta više u česticama pjeskovitog zemljišta nego u vodi, čak i kada je voda prisutna u istom uzorku zemljišta. Znatno veći odnosi od oko 2.000 i više su izmjereni u ilovači i glini, kao što je [[bentonit]].<ref name=ANL/><ref name="Cornelis"/> Dva najvažnija izotopa, ²³¹Pa i ²³³Pa, proizvode se od torija u nuklearnim reaktorima. Oba izotopa nisu poželjna za rad reaktora te se obično uklanjaju, zbog čega su dizajn i rad reaktora izrazito komplicirani. Naročito, ²³²Th preko reakcija (''n'',2''n'') daje ²³¹Th koji se dalje vrlo brzo raspada (25,5 sati) na izotop ²³¹Pa. Posljednji izotop, dok još nije nastalo transuranijski otpad, ima vrlo dugo vrijeme poluraspada od 32.760 godina te je osnovni sastojak i "uzročnik" dugogodišnje radiološke otrovnosti potrošenog nuklearnog goriva.<ref name=b1/> Protaktinij-233 nastaje nakon zahvata neutrona izotopa ²³²Th. On se dalje raspada bilo na uranij-233 ili zahvata još jedan [[neutron]] i prelazi u nefisijski uranij-234.<ref name="Alain"/> Izotop ²³³Pa ima relativno dugo [[vrijeme poluraspada]] od 27 dana i veoma veliki poprečni presjek za zahvat neutrona (takozvani "otrov za neutrone"). Zbog toga, umjesto da se brzo raspadne na korisni ²³³U, značajan dio protaktinija ²³³Pa pretvara se u nefisijske izotope i "troše" neutrone, čime se degradira efikasnost nuklearnog reaktora. Da bi se to spriječilo, ²³³Pa se izdvaja iz aktivne zone torijevih reaktora na bazi istopljenih soli, tokom njihovog rada, tako da se on raspada samo na ²³³U. Izdvajanje protaktinija se odvija pomoću cijevi istopljenog [[bizmut]]a visokih nekoliko metara, uz [[litij]] koji je rastvoren u njemu. U pojednostavljenoj proceduri, litij selektivno reducira soli protaktinija do metalnog protaktinija a koji se zatim izdvaja iz ciklusa istopljenih soli, dok je bizmut samo prenosnik. Odabran je zbog svoje vrlo niske tačke topljenja (271&nbsp;°C), niskog pritiska pare, dobre rastvorljivosti litija i aktinoida, te nemogućnosti miješanja sa istopljenim halidima.<ref name=b1/> == Upotreba == Iako se protaktinij u periodnom sistemu nalazi između torija i uranija, dva elementa koje se koriste u brojnim aplikacijama, zbog svoje rijetkosti, velike radioaktivnosti i otrovnosti, do danas nema nikakvih aplikacija koje koriste protaktinij osim naučnih istraživanja u laboratoriji.<ref name=ANL/> Protaktinij-231 nastaje u raspadu uranija-235 unutar nuklearnih reaktora, reakcijom ²³²Th + n → ²³¹Th + 2n te naknadnim beta raspadom. Ranije se smatralo da bi on mogao podržavati lančanu nuklearnu reakciju koja bi se u principu mogla iskoristiti za pravljenje [[nuklearno oružje|nuklearnog oružja]]. Naučnik Walter Seifritz je svojevremeno izračunao da bi kritična masa za takvu atomsku bombu iznosila oko 750 ± 180&nbsp;kg.<ref name="Seifritz"/> Ipak, mogućnost za dostizanje kritične mase sa ²³¹Pa je kasnije odbačena kao neprihvatljiva.<ref name="Ganesan"/> == Spojevi == {| Class = "wikitable" style = "text-align: center" ! Formula ! Boja ! Simetrija ! Prostorna<br/>grupa ! No ! Pearsonov<br/>simbol ! ''a'' (pm) ! ''b'' (pm) ! ''c'' (pm) ! ''Z'' ! gustoća<br/>g/cm³ |- | Pa | srebreno-sivi | tetragonalna<ref name="donohue" /> | I4/mmm | 139 | tI2 | 392,5 | 392,5 | 323,8 | 2 | 15,37 |- | PaO | | kamena so<ref name=pao2/> | Fm<span style="text-decoration:overline;">3</span>m | 225 | cF8 | 496,1 | | | 4 | 13,44 |- | PaO₂ | crn | ''fcc''<ref name=pao2/> | Fm<span style="text-decoration:overline;">3</span>m | 225 | cF12 | 550,5 | | | 4 | 10,47 |- | Pa₂O₅ | bijel | | Fm<span style="text-decoration:overline;">3</span>m<ref name=pao2/> | 225 | cF16 | 547,6 | 547,6 | 547,6 | 4 | 10,96 |- | Pa₂O₅ | bijel | ortorompska<ref name=pao2/> | | | | 692 | 402 | 418 | | |- | PaH₃ | crni | kubična<ref name=pao2/> | Pm<span style="text-decoration:overline;">3</span>n | 223 | cP32 | 664,8 | 664,8 | 664,8 | 8 | 10,58 |- | PaF₄ | smeđe-crveni | monoklinska<ref name=pao2/> | C2/c | 15 | mS60 | | | | 2 | |- | PaCl₄ | zeleno-žuti | tetragonalna<ref name="DT973"/> | I4₁/amd | 141 | tI20 | 837,7 | 837,7 | 748,1 | 4 | 4,72 |- | PaBr₄ | smeđi | tetragonalna<ref name=pabr4/><ref name=pabr5b/> | I4₁/amd | 141 | tI20 | 882,4 | 882,4 | 795,7 | | |- | PaCl₅ | žut | monoklinska<ref name=pacl5/> | C2/c | 15 | mS24 | 797 | 1135 | 836 | 4 | 3,74 |- | PaBr₅ | crven | monoklinska<ref name=pabr5b/><ref name=pabr5/> | P2₁/c | 14 | mP24 | 838,5 | 1120,5 | 1214,6 | 4 | 4,98 |- | PaOBr₃ | | monoklinska<ref name=pabr5b/> | C2 | | | 1691,1 | 387,1 | 933,4 | | |- | Pa(PO₃)₄ | | ortorompska<ref name=papo3/> | | | | 696,9 | 895,9 | 1500,9 | | |- | Pa₂P₂O₇ | | kubična<ref name=papo3/> | Pa3 | | | 865 | 865 | 865 | | |- | Pa(C₈H₈)₂ | zlatno-žuti | monoklinska<ref name=cene/> | | | | 709 | 875 | 1062 | | |} Ovdje ''a'', ''b'' i ''c'' su konstante rešetke u pikometrima, No je broj prostorne grupe a ''Z'' je broj formulskih jedinica po jediničnoj ćeliji; ''fcc'' odnosi se na plošno centrirani kubični kristalni sistem. Gustoća nije direktno mjerena nego je izračunata na osnovu parametara rešetke. == Reference == {{refspisak|3|refs= <ref name=pao2>{{cite journal|doi = 10.1021/ja01652a011|year=1954|author=Sellers Philip A.; Fried Sherman; Elson Robert E.; Zachariasen W. H.|journal = Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume = 76|pages = 5935|title = The Preparation of Some Protactinium Compounds and the Metal|issue = 23}}</ref> <ref name="DT973">{{cite journal|journal=J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans|year=1973|title=Structural parameters and unit cell dimensions for the tetragonal actinide tetrachlorides(Th, Pa, U, and Np) and tetrabromides (Th and Pa)|pages=686–691|author=Brown D.; Hall T.L.; Moseley P.T|doi=10.1039/DT9730000686|issue=6}}</ref> <ref name=pabr4>{{cite journal|author=Tahri Y.; Chermette H.; El Khatib N.; Krupa J. ''et al.''|title=Electronic structures of thorium and protactinium halide clusters of [ThX8]4− type|journal=Journal of the Less Common Metals|volume=158|pages=105|year=1990|doi=10.1016/0022-5088(90)90436-N}}</ref> <ref name=pabr5b>{{cite journal|doi=10.1038/217737a0|author=Brown D.; Petcher T. J.; Smith A. J.|title=Crystal Structures of some Protactinium Bromides|year=1968|pages=737|volume=217|journal=Nature|issue=5130|bibcode = 1968Natur.217..737B}}</ref> <ref name=pacl5>{{cite journal|doi=10.1107/S0365110X67000155|author=Dodge R. P.; Smith G. S.; Johnson Q.; Elson R. E.|title=The crystal structure of protactinium pentachloride|journal=Acta Crystallogr|year=1967|volume=22|pages=85–89}}</ref> <ref name=pabr5>{{cite journal|author=Brown D.; Petcher T. J.; Smith A. J.|title=The crystal structure of β-protactinium pentabromide|journal=Acta Crystallographica Section B|volume=25|pages=178|year=1969|doi=10.1107/S0567740869007357|issue=2}}</ref> <ref name=papo3>{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.jssc.2004.08.009|author=Brandel V.; Dacheux N.|year=2004|pages=4743|volume=177|journal=Journal of Solid State Chemistry|title=Chemistry of tetravalent actinide phosphates—Part I|issue=12|bibcode = 2004JSSCh.177.4743B}}</ref> <ref name=cene>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic50136a011|year=1974|pages=1307|volume=13|author=David F. Starks; Parsons Thomas C. ''et al.''|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|title=Bis(π-cyclooctatetraene) protactinium|issue=6}}</ref> <ref name="Ganesan">{{cite journal|author=Ganesan, S.|url=http://www.iisc.ernet.in/currsci/sept10/researcharticle.pdf|title=A Re-calculation of Criticality Property of ²³¹Pa Using New Nuclear Data|journal=Current Science|year=1999|volume=77|issue=5|pages=667–677|access-date=19. 10. 2017|archive-date=3. 3. 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231501/http://www.iisc.ernet.in/currsci/sept10/researcharticle.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=exp>{{cite journal|author=Marples J. A. C.|title=On the thermal expansion of protactinium metal|journal=Acta Crystallographica|volume=18|pages=815|year=1965|doi=10.1107/S0365110X65001871|issue=4}}</ref> <ref name="Seifritz">{{Cite book|author=Seifritz, Walter|year=1984|title=Nukleare Sprengkörper – Bedrohung oder Energieversorgung für die Menschheit|publisher=Thiemig-Verlag|isbn=3-521-06143-4}}</ref> <ref name="Buschow">{{Cite book|author=Buschow, K. H. J.|year=2005|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N9mvytGEBtwC&pg=PA129|title=Concise encyclopedia of magnetic and superconducting materials|publisher=Elsevier|pages=129–130|isbn=0-08-044586-1}}</ref> <ref name="Hendricks">{{cite journal|author=Hendricks M. E.|title=Magnetic Properties of Protactinium Tetrachloride|journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics|volume=55|pages=2993|year=1971|doi=10.1063/1.1676528|issue=6|bibcode = 1971JChPh..55.2993H}}</ref> <ref name="Young">{{Cite book|author=Young, David A.|year=1991|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F2HVYh6wLBcC&pg=PA222|title=Phase diagrams of the elements|publisher=University of California Press|page=222|isbn=0-520-07483-1}}.</ref> <ref name=b1>{{Cite book|author=Groult, Henri|year=2005|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dR2DA50PUV4C&pg=PA562|title=Fluorinated materials for energy conversion|publisher=Elsevier|pages=562–565|isbn=0-08-044472-5}}</ref> <ref name="Cornelis">{{Cite book|author=Cornelis, Rita|year=2005|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1PmjurlE6KkC&pg=PA520|title=Handbook of elemental speciation II: species in the environment, food, medicine & occupational health, Vol. 2|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|pages=520–521|isbn=0-470-85598-3}}.</ref> <ref name="Alain">{{cite book|author=Hébert, Alain|title=Applied Reactor Physics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sibA5ECQ8LoC&pg=PA265|datum=1. 7. 2009|publisher=Presses inter Polytechnique|isbn=978-2-553-01436-9|pages=265–}}</ref> <ref name=brit>Članci "Protactinium" i "Protactinium-231 – thorium-230 dating" u: ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 15. izdanje, 1995, str. 737.</ref> <ref name="agruss">{{cite journal|author=Grosse A. V.; Agruss M. S.|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=56|pages=2200|year=1934|doi=10.1021/ja01325a507|issue=10|title=The Isolation of 0.1 Gram of the Oxide of Element 91 (Protactinium)}}</ref> <ref name="super">{{Cite journal|author=R. D. Fowler, B. T. Matthias, L. B. Asprey, H. H. Hill, J. D. G. Lindsay, C. E. Olsen, R. W. White|title=Superconductivity of Protactinium|journal=Phys. Rev. Lett.|year=1965|volume=15|number=22|pages=860–862|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.15.860|bibcode=1965PhRvL..15..860F}}</ref> <ref name=ANL>{{cite web |url=http://www.ead.anl.gov/pub/doc/protactinium.pdf |title=Protactinium |access-date=19. 10. 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307023843/http://www.ead.anl.gov/pub/doc/protactinium.pdf |archivedate=7. 3. 2008}}, Nacionalna laboratorija Argonne, podaci o utjecaju na ljudsko zdravlje, august 2005.</ref> <ref name="kading">{{cite journal|doi = 10.1002/ange.19340473706|title = Die technische Gewinnung des Protactiniums|year= 1934|author=Graue G.; Käding H.|journal = Angewandte Chemie|volume = 47|issue = 37|pages = 650–653}}</ref> <ref name="nubase">{{cite journal|author=Audi G.; Bersillon O.; Blachot J.; Wapstra A. H. |doi=10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001|title=The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties|year=2003|pages=3|volume=729|journal=Nuclear Physics A |url=http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf|bibcode=2003NuPhA.729....3A|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923135135/http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf|archivedate=23. 9. 2008}}</ref> <ref name="grosseav">{{cite journal|author=Grosse A. V.| journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society| volume=56|pages=2200|year=1934| doi=10.1021/ja01325a508| issue=10| title=Metallic Element 91}}</ref> <ref name="lanlgov">{{cite web |url=http://periodic.lanl.gov/91.shtml |title=Protactinium |access-date=21. 3. 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928025549/http://periodic.lanl.gov/91.shtml |archivedate=28. 9. 2011}} sa Nacionalne laboratorije Los Alamos</ref> <ref name="sheaw">{{Cite book|author=Shea, William R.|year=1983|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W7xyvXc-hgEC&pg=PA213|title=Otto Hahn and the rise of nuclear physics|publisher=Springer|page=213|isbn=90-277-1584-X}}.</ref> <ref name="Aristid">{{cite journal|author = von Grosse, Aristid |title = Das Element 91; seine Eigenschaften und seine Gewinnung |pages = 233–245|journal = Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft|doi = 10.1002/cber.19280610137|volume = 61|issue = 1|year= 1928}}</ref> <ref name=Scerri>{{Cite book|author=Eric Scerri|title=A tale of seven elements|url=https://archive.org/details/taleofseveneleme0000scer|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2013|isbn=978-0-19-539131-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/taleofseveneleme0000scer/page/67 67]-74}}</ref> <ref name="fajans2">{{cite journal|author = Fajans, K.; Gohring, O.|title = Über das Uran X₂-das neue Element der Uranreihe|journal = Physikalische Zeitschrift|year=1913|volume = 14|pages = 877–84}}</ref> <ref name="sven">{{cite journal|author= Johansson Sven|title = Decay of UX1, UX2, and UZ|journal = Physical Review|volume = 96|pages = 1075|year= 1954|doi = 10.1103/PhysRev.96.1075|issue = 4|bibcode = 1954PhRv...96.1075J}}</ref> <ref name="fajans">{{cite journal|author = Fajans, K.; Gohring, O.|title = Über die komplexe Natur des Ur X|journal = Naturwissenschaften|year=1913|volume =14|pages = 339|url =http://www.digizeitschriften.de/no_cache/home/jkdigitools/loader/?tx_jkDigiTools_pi1%5BIDDOC%5D=201162&tx_jkDigiTools_pi1%5Bpp%5D=425 |doi = 10.1007/BF01495360|issue = 14|bibcode = 1913NW......1..339F}}</ref> <ref name="google">{{cite book|title=A Glossary of Terms in Nuclear Science and Technology|author=National Research Council (U.S.). Conference on Glossary of Terms in Nuclear Science and Technology|year=1957|publisher=American Society of Mechanical Engineers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-zgrAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA180|page=180|access-date=25. 7. 2015}}</ref> <ref name="crookes">{{cite journal|doi = 10.1098/rspl.1899.0120|author= Crookes W.|title = Radio-Activity of Uranium|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=hmZDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA409-IA6|journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society of London|volume = 66|pages = 409–423|year = 1899}}</ref> <ref name="Emsley">{{cite book|title = Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements|author= Emsley John|publisher = Oxford University Press|year = 2001|location = Oxford, Engleska, UK|isbn = 0-19-850340-7|chapter = Protactinium|pages = 347–349|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=j-Xu07p3cKwC&pg=PA348}}</ref> <ref name="Laing">{{cite journal|doi = 10.1007/s10698-004-5959-9|title=A Revised Periodic Table: With the Lanthanides Repositioned|author=Laing, Michael |journal=Foundations of Chemistry|volume=7|issue=3|year=2005|page=203}}</ref> <ref name="donohue">{{Cite journal|author=Donohue, J.|year=1959|title=On the crystal structure of protactinium metal|journal=Acta Crystallographica|volume=12|number=9|page=697|doi=10.1107/S0365110X59002031}}</ref> <ref name="glasgow">{{Cite web|url=http://www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH3023&type=P|title=John Arnold Cranston|publisher=Univerzitet u Glasgowu|access-date=17. 10. 2017}}</ref> <ref name="harry">{{Cite book|author=Harry H. Binder|title=Lexikon der chemischen Elemente|publisher=S. Hirzel Verlag|location=Stuttgart|year=1999|isbn=3-7776-0736-3}}</ref> <ref name="crc">{{Cite book|url=http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf|title=Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|chapter=Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds|edition=81|publisher=CRC press|access-date=16. 10. 2017|archive-date=14. 10. 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014173619/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> <ref name="ciaww">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ciaaw.org/atomic-weights.htm|title=CIAAW, Standard Atomic Weights Revised 2013|language=en|access-date=16. 10. 2017}}</ref> }} == Literatura == {{Commonscat|Protactinium}} *{{cite book|author=Greenwood Norman N.; Earnshaw Alan|year=1997|title=Chemistry of the Elements|edition=2|ref=Greenwood|publisher=Butterworth–Heinemann|isbn=0080379419}} {{PSE}} [[Kategorija:Hemijski elementi]] stwk09cfh3amjehrnu8vwlt5m664bs2 0 9098 3426889 3408297 2022-08-01T12:15:06Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija hemijski element | Hemijski element = Plutonij | Simbol = Pu | Atomski broj = 94 | Serija = Aktinoidi | Grupa = Ac | Perioda = 7 | Blok = f | Boja serije = Orchid | Slika = [[Datoteka:Plutonium ring.jpg|180px]] | Izgled = srebrenasti metal | Zastupljenost = 2 · 10⁻²⁰<ref name="binder" /> | Atomska masa = 244,0642 | Atomski radijus = 151 | Atomski radijus izračunat = - | Kovalentni radijus = 187 | Van der Waalsov radijus = - | Elektronska konfiguracija = &#x5B;[[Radon|Rn]]&#x5D; 5f⁶7s² | Izlazna energija = | Elektroni u energetskom nivou = 2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2 | Energija ionizacije_1 = 584,7 | Agregatno stanje = čvrsto | Mohsova skala tvrdoće = | Struktura kristala = monoklinska | Gustoća = 19816 | Magnetizam = paramagnetičan (<math>\chi_{m}</math> = 6,2 · 10⁻⁴)<ref name="lide" /> | Tačka topljenja_K = 912,5 | Tačka topljenja_C = 639,4 | Tačka ključanja_K = 3509 | Tačka ključanja_C = 3230 | Molarni volumen = 12,29 · 10^-6 | Toplota isparavanja = 325 | Toplota topljenja = 11,48<ref name="binder" /> | Pritisak pare = | Pritisak pare_K = | Brzina zvuka = 2260 | Brzina zvuka_K = 293,15 | Specifična toplota = 130 | Specifična toplota_K = | Specifična električna provodljivost = 6,8 · 10⁵ | Specifična električna provodljivost_K = 293 | Toplotna provodljivost = 6,74<ref name="binder" /> | Toplotna provodljivost_K = | Oksidacioni broj = 3, '''4''', 5, 6, (7) | Oksidi = | Elektrodni potencijal = −2,031&nbsp;[[Volt|V]] (Pu³⁺ + 3e⁻ → Pu) | Elektronegativnost = 1,28 | Oznaka upozorenja = {{Oznake upozorenja|/}} | Oznake upozorenja R = {{Oznake upozorenja R|/}} | Oznake upozorenja S = {{Oznake upozorenja S|/}} | Radioaktivan = Da | Izotopi = {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Pu | Maseni broj = 238 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 87,7 [[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 5,593 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Uranij|²³⁴U]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[Spontani raspad|SR]] (1,9 · 10⁻⁷ %) | Tipraspada2ZE = | Tipraspada2ZP = }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Pu | Maseni broj = 239 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 24.110 [[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 5,245 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Uranij|²³⁵U]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[Spontani raspad|SR]] (3 · 10⁻¹⁰ %) | Tipraspada2ZE = | Tipraspada2ZP = }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Pu | Maseni broj = 240 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 6.564 [[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 5,256 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Uranij|²³⁶U]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[Spontani raspad|SR]] (5,7 · 10⁻⁶ %) | Tipraspada2ZE = | Tipraspada2ZP = }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 3 | Simbol = Pu | Maseni broj = 241 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 14,35 [[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Beta-zraci|β−]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 0,021 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Americij|²⁴¹Am]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[Alfa-zraci|α]] (0,0025 %) | Tipraspada2ZE = 5,14 | Tipraspada2ZP = [[Uranij|²³⁷U]] | Tipraspada3ZM = [[Spontani raspad|SR]] (2 · 10⁻¹⁴ %) | Tipraspada3ZE = | Tipraspada3ZP = }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Pu | Maseni broj = 242 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 375.000 [[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Alfa-zraci|α]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 4,984 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Uranij|²³⁸U]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[Spontani raspad|SR]] (0,00055%) | Tipraspada2ZE = | Tipraspada2ZP = }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 1 | Simbol = Pu | Maseni broj = 243 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = 0 | Vrijeme poluraspada = 4,956 [[Sat (jedinica)|h]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Beta-zraci|β−]] | Tipraspada1ZE = 0,579 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Americij|²⁴³Am]] }} {{Infokutija Hemijski element/Izotop | Broj tipova raspada = 2 | Simbol = Pu | Maseni broj = 244 | Rasprostranjenost u prirodi = '''100''' | Vrijeme poluraspada = 8 · 10⁷ [[godina|god]] | Tipraspada1ZM = [[Alfa-zraci|α]] (99,88 %) | Tipraspada1ZE = 4,666 | Tipraspada1ZP = [[Uranij|²⁴⁰U]] | Tipraspada2ZM = [[Spontani raspad|SR]] (0,12 %) | Tipraspada2ZE = | Tipraspada2ZP = }} |}} '''Plutonij''' je [[hemijski element]] sa simbolom '''Pu''' i [[atomski broj|atomskim brojem]] 94. U [[periodni sistem elemenata|periodnom sistemu]] on se nalazi u grupi [[aktinoidi|aktinoida]] ([[Elementi 7. periode|7. perioda]], [[Elementi f-bloka|f-blok]]) i ubraja se u tranuranijske elemente. Plutonij je vrlo [[otrov]]ni, [[radioaktivnost|radioaktivni]] teški metal. Dobio je ime po [[Patuljasta planeta|patuljastoj planeti]] [[Pluton]]u. Prema svom rednom broju, on je najteži element koji se nalazi u prirodi. Međutim, u prirodi se nalazi samo u tragovima unutar veoma starih stijena. Veće količine ovog elementa dobijaju se vještački, pretežno u atomskim centralama i reaktorima. Kao jedan od malobrojnih hemijskih elemenata podložnih fisiji, igra veoma važnu ulogu za proizvodnju [[nuklearno oružje|nuklearnog oružja]]. Naprimjer, osnovni reaktivni materijal u atomskoj bombi [[Atomski napad na Hiroshimu i Nagasaki|bačenoj 9. augusta 1945.]] na [[Nagasaki]] bio je plutonij. Ovaj element nastaje tokom rada nuklearnih reaktora iz [[uranij]]skih šipki nuklearnog goriva. == Historija == [[Datoteka:Pu,94.jpg|thumb|lijevo|150px|Ploča plutonija na bloku od kalcij-hlorida.]] [[Datoteka:Plutonium3.jpg|thumb|lijevo|150px|Plutonij]] Plutonij su otkrili američki naučnici [[Glenn T. Seaborg]], [[Joseph William Kennedy|J. W. Kennedy]], [[Edwin Mattison McMillan|E. M. McMillan]], [[Michael Cefola]] i [[Arthur Wahl]]. Oni su 14. decembra 1940. izveli eksperiment u [[ciklotron]]u, bombardirajući metu od uranija ²³⁸U atomima [[deuterij]]a dobivši tako [[izotop]] ²³⁸Pu. Pri tom eksperimentu, najprije je napravljen uzorak ²³⁸U u obliku oksida U₃O₈ u tankom sloju na ploči od bakra. U ovoj reakciji emitirana su dva [[neutron]]a. U kratkom međuvremenu, nastao je [[neptunij]] kao međuproizvod a koji se odmah raspao na ²³⁸Pu. Nedvosmisleni dokaz o dobijanju elementa 94 dao je Arthur Wahl 23/24. februara 1941. godine.<ref name="PhysRev69"/><ref name="PhysRev70"/> :<math>\mathrm{^{238}_{\ 92}U\ +\ ^{2}_{1}D\ \longrightarrow \ ^{238}_{\ 93}Np\ +\ 2\ ^{1}_{0}n \quad;\quad ^{238}_{\ 93}Np\ \xrightarrow[2,117 \ d]{\beta^-} \ ^{238}_{\ 94}Pu}</math> Drugi izotop plutonija dobijen je bombardovanjem brzim neutronima: :<math>\mathrm{^{238}_{\ 92}U\ +\ ^{1}_{0}n\ \longrightarrow \ ^{239}_{\ 92}U\ \xrightarrow[23,5 \ min]{\beta^-} \ ^{239}_{\ 93}Np\ \xrightarrow[2,3565 \ d]{\beta^-} \ ^{239}_{\ 94}Pu}</math> : <small>Navedena vremena su vremena poluraspada.</small> Novootkrivenom elementu dali su ime u martu 1942. godine po, u to vrijeme, najudaljenjenijoj otkrivenoj planeti [[Pluton]]u, a koji je opet dobio ime po [[Pluton (mitologija)|istoimenom božanstvu]] iz rimske mitologije: ''...nazvan po planeti koja slijedi nakon Neptuna, a u aspektu užasavajućeg djelovanja plutonijske atomske bombe daleko više mu odgovara izvođenje iz imena Plutona, božanstva podzemlja''.{{sfn|Holleman|2007|p=1948}} Prema tome, tri dotad najteža poznata elementa, uranij, neptunij i plutonij dobili su imena prema istoimenim planetama: [[Uran]]u, [[Neptun]]u i Plutonu. Prva mjerljiva količina plutonija od oko 4&nbsp;µg dobijena je u augustu/septembru 1942. kada ga je izolirala grupa naučnika [[Burris B. Cunningham]], [[Michael Cefola]] i [[Louis B. Werner]].<ref name="Cunningham"/> Otkriće je držano u tajnosti tokom [[Drugi svjetski rat|Drugog svjetskog rata]]. Sa prvom proizvodnjom plutonija u većem obimu otpočelo se u okvirima američkog projekta "Manhattan". Prva eksplozija atomske bombe kojoj je svjedočilo čovječanstvo bio je test "Trinity", čija je osnova bio plutonij ²³⁹Pu, kao i za bombu ''Debeljko'' ({{en|Fat Man}}) koja je u augustu 1945. razorila japanski grad Nagasaki. [[Joseph Hamilton]] je izvodio testove na dobrovoljcima, davajući im plutonij, a zbog ogromne otrovnosti ovog elementa danas su takvi testovi zabranjeni. Čak i prije otkrića plutonija, u Njemačkoj je [[Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker]] nagovijestio da je u nuklearnim reaktorima moguć nastanak novog elementa ''eka-''renija (tj. ²³⁹Eka Re).<ref name="museumgeh"/> Osim njega, [[Friedrich Georg Houtermans]] je također 1942. predvidio postojanje teoretsko postojanje nekog transuranijskog elementa u svom tajnom izvještaju. Međutim u okvirima [[Treći rajh|nacističkog]] uranijskog projekta, prema današnjim saznanjima, do kraja Drugog svjetskog rata nije došlo do sinteze plutonija.<ref name="heiswurf"/> == Osobine == === Fizičke === Pri normalnim uslovima temperature i pritiska, plutonij je srebrenasto-sjajni teški metal, veoma velike gustoće (19,86 g/cm³{{sfn|Holleman|2007|p=2149}}). Kao i svi aktinoidi, on također postoji samo u vidu [[radioaktivnost|radioaktivnih]] izotopa. On se zagrijava sam od sebe, tako da naprimjer 100 grama plutonija emitira oko 0,2 [[vat]]a toplote (odnosi se na izotop ²³⁹Pu).<ref name="Greenwood"/> U poređenju s drugim metalima, plutonij je vrlo slab provodnik toplote i [[električna struja|električne struje]]. Metal se kristalizira nezavisno od temperature u ukupno šest [[Alotropske modifikacije|alotropskih modifikacija]]. One se jednim dijelom znatno razlikuju po svojoj gustoći. Na sobnoj temperaturi stabilna modifikacija α-Pu je [[monoklinski kristalni sistem|monoklinska]]. Kod plutonija pri višim temperaturama javlja se vrlo rijedak slučaj anomalije gustoće, jer ona raste pri prelasku iz δ' modifikacije u ε modifikaciju. Pri njegovom topljenju, slično kao kod [[voda|vode]], gustoća mu raste.<ref name="fas_00818006"/> Istopljeni plutonij ima najvišu [[viskoznost]] od svih elemenata u tečnom stanju.<ref name="kernchemiede"/> Međutim, i pored neuobičajeno visoke [[magnetna susceptibilnost|magnetne susceptibilnosti]] za metale i tendencije usmjeravanju pri niskim temperaturama, plutonij ne pokazuje usmjeravanje u širokim rasponima temperature pa se stoga treba svrstavati kao paramagnetičan.<ref name="fas_00818006"/> Ipak, tačna mjerenja ometa stalno odavanje toplote uzrokovano radioaktivnim raspadom plutonija ²³⁹Pu. Iz istog razloga nemoguće je postići temperature plutonija bliske apsolutnoj nuli. :{| class="wikitable" |+Modifikacija pri<br>atmosferskom pritisku |-- ! Opis<br>faze ! Stabilan u <br>temperaturnom području ! Gustoća (temperatura) ! [[Kristalni sistem]] ! Bravaisova rešetka ! Prostorna grupa |-- | α-Pu<ref name="alfaPu"/> | 0 [[Kelvin|K]] – 395 K | 19,77 g/cm³ (293 K) | [[Monoklinski kristalni sistem|monoklinski]] | primitivna | ''P''2₁''/m'' (br. 11) |-- | β-Pu<ref name="betaPu"/> | 395 K – 479 K | 17,7 g/cm³ (395 K) | monoklinski | centrirana po bazi | ''I''2''/m'' (br. 12 poz. 3) |-- | γ-Pu<ref name="5fseriesWHZ"/> | 479 K – 592 K | 17,14 g/cm³ (479 K) | [[Ortorompski kristalni sistem|ortorompski]] | plošno centrirana | ''Fddd'' (br. 70) |-- | δ-Pu<ref name="deltaPu"/> | 592 K – 730 K | 15,9 g/cm³ (592 K) | monoklinski | centrirana po bazi | ''Cm'' (br. 8) |-- | δ'-Pu<ref name="deltaprim"/> | 730 K – 749 K | 16,0 g/cm³ (730 K) | [[Tetragonalni kristalni sistem|tetragonalni]] | prostorno centrirana | ''I''4''/mmm'' (br. 139) |-- | ε-Pu<ref name="mardonpg"/> | 749 K – 914 K | 16,5 g/cm³ (749 K) | [[Kubični kristalni sistem|kubični]] | prostorno centrirana | ''Im''<math>\bar{3}</math>''m'' |-- | tečni<ref name="lide"/> | 914 K – 3503 K | 16,63 g/cm³ (914 K) | — | — | — |} Osim navedenih, poznate su i visokotlačne modifikacije, koje se dobiju iz α-Pu pri pritisku iznad 40 GPa, a kristaliziraju se u prostornoj grupi ''P''6₃.<ref name="daboss"/> === Hemijske === [[Datoteka:Plutonium in solution.jpg|thumb|150px|desno|Razna oksidacijska stanja plutonija u vodenim rastvorima]] Plutonij je neplemeniti, veoma reaktivni [[metal (hemija)|metal]]. Izložen zraku, brzo reagira s [[kisik]]om i vlagom. Pri tome metal postaje mat i prevlači se tamnim, plavo-crnim slojem oksida, dok dužim stajanjem na zraku stvara se tamniji, sivo-zeleni, praškasti sloj oksida koji lahko skida.<ref name="brauer"/> Pri zagrijavanju, metal reagira sa većinom [[nemetal]]a i vodom. Međutim na sobnoj temperaturi, plutonij ne napadaju ni bazični rastvori niti [[voda]]. U koncentriranoj [[dušična kiselina|dušičnoj kiselini]] on nije rastvorljiv zbog pasivizacije svoje površine.<ref name="Greenwood"/> Plutonij se rastvara u [[hlorovodična kiselina|hlorovodičnoj kiselini]] i dušičnoj ali uz dodatak fluorida. U tom slučaju, ioni fluorida poništavaju i onemogućavaju pasiviziranje metala koje se inače javlja napadanjem čiste dušične kiseline. Hemijske osobine plutonija uglavnom su slične kao i kod ostalih aktinoida. Kao i kod većine ovih elemenata, njegove hemijske osobine su pod znatnim utjecajem njegove snažne radioaktivnosti, a zbog zagrijavanja metala i emitiranja jakog radioaktivnog zračenja, njegove veze sa drugim elementima vrlo lahko pucaju. Ovaj element može graditi cijeli niz spojeva u kojima se može nalaziti u [[oksidacijsko stanje|oksidacijskim stanjima]] od +3 do +7, što znači da plutonij zajedno s neptunijem gradi najviša oksidacijska stanja među svim aktinoidima. Najstabilniji je u oksidacijskom stanju +4. U vodenim rastvorima, [[ion]]i plutonija imaju karakteristične boje. Tako naprimjer ion Pu³⁺ je ljubičast, ion Pu⁴⁺ smeđ, Pu^VO₂⁺ roze boje, Pu^VIO₂²⁺ narandžast, a Pu^VIIO₂³⁺ zelen.{{sfn|Holleman|2007|p=1956}} === Izotopi === Do danas je izmjereno i ispitano 20 [[izotop]]a i 15 [[nuklearni izomer|nuklearnih izomera]] plutonija, čiji maseni brojevi se kreću od 228 do 247.<ref name="nubase"/> [[Vrijeme poluraspada|Vremena poluraspada]] se kreću od 37 · 10⁻¹² sekundi za izomer ^236''m''1Pu do oko 80 miliona godina za izotop ²⁴⁴Pu. "Najdugovječniji" izotopi sa vremenima poluraspada dužim od 11 dana imaju masene brojeve između 236 i 244. Jedini izuzetak među njima je ²⁴³Pu čije vrijeme poluraspada iznosi kraće od 5 sati.<ref name="nubase"/> Neki od izotopa se smatraju početnim tačkama za određene radioaktivne lance raspada. * Izotop '''²³⁶Pu''' se raspada preko ''torijevog niza''. On ima [[vrijeme poluraspada]] od 2,858 godine,<ref name="nubase"/> a raspada se α-raspadpm na svoj "međuproizvod", izotop ²³²U, koji se dalje sa vremenom poluraspada od 68,9 godina opet raspada na ²²⁸Th, što predstavlja glavni niz raspada. Ovaj izotop se dobija u veoma malehnim količinama u nuklearnim reaktorima koji rade na bazi uranija. * Izotop '''²³⁷Pu''' putem [[Elektronski zahvat|zahvata elektrona]] tokom vremena poluraspada od 45,2 dana<ref name="nubase"/> pretvara se u izotop [[neptunij]]a ²³⁷Np sa vjerovatnoćom od 99,9958 %, što predstavlja glavnu polaznu tačku ''neptunijevog niza''. Ostalih 0,0042 % atoma ovog izotopa raspada se α-raspadom do uranija ²³³U, koji se također raspada ''neptunijevim nizom''. * '''²³⁸Pu''' je izotop koji se raspada α-raspadom sa vremenom poluraspada od 87,7 godina.<ref name="nubase"/> Najprije prelazi u uranij ²³⁴U te se dalje raspada nizom raspada ''[[uranij-radijev niz|uranij-radijevim nizom]]''. * '''²³⁹Pu''' je najčešće proizvedeni izotop plutonija. Ima vrijeme poluraspada od 24.110 godina<ref name="nubase"/> i pretežno se raspada emitirajući α-zrake do uranija ²³⁵U. Daljnji raspad odvija se putem ''uranij-aktinijevog niza'', za prirodnu radioaktivnost, počev od izotopa ²³⁵U. Samo 3 · 10⁻¹⁰ % atoma ovog izotopa raspada se [[spontani raspad|spontanim raspadom]]. * Izotop '''²⁴⁰Pu''' s vremenom poluraspada od 6.564 godine<ref name="nubase"/> raspada do ²³⁶U emitirajući α-zračenje. Taj izotop uranija se raspada s vremenom poluraspada od 23,4 miliona godina do prirodnog izotopa [[torij]]a ²³²Th. Daljnji raspad odvija se duž ''torijevog niza''. * Izotop '''²⁴¹Pu''' se često označava kao početak [[neptunijev niz|neptunijevog niza]], jer (pri produženju niza) se nalazi prije neptunija. On se raspada sa vremenom poluraspada od 14,35 godina<ref name="nubase"/> i vjerovatnoćom od 99,9975% putem β-raspada na izotop [[americij]]a ²⁴¹Am, dok se s vjerovatnoćom od samo 0,0025% raspada α-raspadom na uranij ²³⁷U. Dalje se americij ²⁴¹Am α-raspadom i uranij²³⁷U raspadaju do istog dugoživećeg izotopa neptunija ²³⁷Np. * Plutonij '''²⁴²Pu''' se raspada istim lancem raspada kao i izotop ²³⁸Pu. Međutim, dok ²³⁸Pu dolazi u niz raspada kao sporedni lanac na ²³⁴U, izotop ²⁴²Pu stoji još više prije uranija ²³⁸U. Plutonij ²⁴²Pu se raspada α-raspadom na ²³⁸U, predstavljajući početak prirodnog uranij-radijevog niza. Sa vremenom poluraspada od 375 hiljada godina,<ref name="nubase"/> ²⁴²Pu je najdugovječniji izotop plutonija nakon ²⁴⁴Pu. * '''²⁴³Pu''' ima relativno kraće vrijeme poluraspada od 4,956 sati.<ref name="nubase"/> Ovaj izotop najprije β-zračenjem prelazi u americij ²⁴³Am, koji dalje prelazi u neptunij ²³⁹Np a ovaj dalje se raspada na plutonij ²³⁹Pu. Na taj način ovaj izotop predstavlja produžetak uranij-aktinijevog niza. * Izotop plutonija '''²⁴⁴Pu''' smatra se jedinim izotopom plutonija koji se, uslovno, može pronaći u prirodi.<ref name="PU244"/> Njegovo vrijeme poluraspada je veoma dugo i iznosi oko 80 miliona godina.<ref name="nubase"/> On je početna tačka torijevog niza, a koji se zbog toga ponegdje zove i ''plutonij-torijev niz''. Izotop ²⁴⁴Pu se raspada α-raspadom na ²⁴⁰U, ovaj dvostrukim β-raspadom preko neptunija ²⁴⁰Np do ²⁴⁰Pu, a ovaj opet se putem daljnjeg dvostrukog α-raspada preko ²³⁶U do torija ²³²Th. Nakon izotopa torija slijedi raspad duž torijevog niza. == Rasprostranjenost == === Prirodni izvori === Plutonij je posljednji, doduše izuzetno rijetki, element u periodnom sistemu za koji je poznato da se može pronaći u prirodi. Sa udjelom od 2 · 10⁻¹⁹% (po težini)<ref name="binder" />{{sfn|Holleman|2007|p=1949}} on je jedan od najrjeđih elemenata u [[Zemljina kora|Zemljinoj kori]]. U nalazištima uranija može nastati plutonij u vrlo malim količinama apsorpcijom prirodno otpuštenih neutrona iz uranija. Procjenjuje se da na 140 milijardi atoma uranija može nastati jedan atom plutonija. Američki hemičar D. F. Peppard je 1951. iz koncentrata uranijeve rude izdvojio jedan mikrogram izotopa ²³⁹Pu. Za tako dobijeni mikrogram plutonija bilo je neophodno 100 tona rude.<ref name="Peppard"/> Najduže živući izotop plutonija, ²⁴⁴Pu, datiran u vrijeme nastanka [[Sunčev sistem|Sunčevog sistema]], pronađen je u mineralu [[bastnesit]]u, koji je dobio ime po mjestu pronalaska, rudniku [[Bastnäs]] u [[Švedska|Švedskoj]]. Uz pomoć vrlo precizne analitike, uspjelo se dokazati prisustvo ovog izotopa u tragovima. Međutim, ove količine su tako neznatne da su pronađene tek 1971. godine, odnosno mnogo godina nakon vještačkog dobijanja plutonija u nuklearnim reaktorima.<ref name="PU244"/><ref name="Kernenergie-wissen"/> U prirodnom nuklearnom reaktoru [[Oklo]] u [[Gabon]]u kao i u susjednom nalazištu uranijske rude, poznato je da se tamo tokom nekoliko milenija odvijala [[nuklearna fisija]] kao lančana reakcija ali u prirodnom okruženju. U Oklou za oko 1,5 do 2 milijarde godina do danas nastalo je od 2 do 4 tone ²³⁹Pu putem sakupljanja fisibilnih neutrona na, tada vrlo česti, izotop uranija ²³⁸U. U pojedinim dijelovima nalazišta Oklo, dolazilo je i do direktne fisije ²³⁹Pu, što je značajno utjecalo na cjelokupni proces nuklearne fisije. Oko jedne trećine ukupno raspadnutog uranija ²³⁵U ima izvor u [[Alfa-zraci|alfa-raspadu]] plutonija ²³⁹Pu. Ostatak nastalog plutonija se u međuvremenu potpuno raspao. ===Vještački izvori=== Plutonij nastaje pri [[eksplozija]]ma [[nuklearno oružje|nuklearnih bombi]] kao i u atomskim reaktorima putem transmutacije [[uranij]]a. Međutim, tako vještački dobijeni plutonij posjeduju nuklearne sile i neke od visokorazvijenih država koje imaju izgrađene [[nuklearna elektrana|nuklearne elektrane]], a procjenjuje se da te države imaju nekoliko stotina tona plutonija, između ostalih Rusija oko 180 tona a SAD oko 90 [[tona]].<ref name="bulletin"/> Između 1945. i 1980. nadzemnim nuklearnim testovima ispušteno je u okolinu od tri do pet tona antropogenog plutonija,<ref name="Kernenergie-wissen"/> čiji tragovi se i danas mogu pronaći u mnogim dijelovima svijeta. Osim toga, određene količine plutonija su emitirane kroz brojne [[nuklearna nesreća|nuklearne nesreće]] kao i u drugim nenamjernim događajima, kojima je uzrok čovjek: * ispuštanje pri nesrećama u vezi nuklearnog oružja i nesrećeama u laboratorijama koji se bave nuklearnim programima. * neuspjele svemirske misije te povratak na Zemlju brojnih satelita sa radioaktivnim električnim baterijama, poput misija [[Transit 5BN-3]], [[Kosmos 954]] i [[Apollo 13]] * požar reaktora u tvornici za preradu plutonija [[Sellafield]] 1957. godine. * desetine nesreća povezanih sa [[nuklearna podmornica|podmornicama na atomski pogon]]<ref name="article639991"/> * u prošlosti radioaktivni otpad se često, legalno i nelegalno, odlagao u [[okean]]e<ref name="Ringius"/> * najveći dio plutonija emitiranog pri [[Černobilska katastrofa|katastrofi u Černobilu]] raspršen je u krugu od 100&nbsp;km od reaktora.<ref name="prger"/> Pri [[Kyštymska katastrofa|nesreći u Kyštymu]] 1957. u ruskom postrojenju "Majak" ispuštena je značajna količina plutonija, koja je kontaminirala lokalno i regionalno područje. == Dobijanje == Proces nastajanja plutonija nezaobilazno počinje u nuklearnim centralama koje pogoni izotopska smjesa bogata uranijem ²³⁸U. Pri tom dio korištenog ²³⁸U prelazi u ²³⁹Pu putem zahvata jednog [[neutron]]a i naknadnim beta raspadom. : <math>\mathrm{^{238}_{\ 92}U\ +\ ^{1}_{0}n\ \longrightarrow \ ^{239}_{\ 92}U\ \xrightarrow[23,5 \ min]{\beta^-} \ ^{239}_{\ 93}Np\ \xrightarrow[2,3565 \ d]{\beta^-} \ ^{239}_{\ 94}Pu}</math> : <small>navedeno vrijeme je [[vrijeme poluraspada]].</small> Dodatni neutron dovodi, u većini slučajeva, do cijepanja jezgra, ali djelimično nastaje i izotop plutonija ²⁴⁰Pu. Pošto je taj izotop dosta teško fisibilan, dolazi do još jednog zahvata neutrona i nastanka izotopa ²⁴¹Pu, koji se opet vrlo lahko cijepa. Međutim, ne cijepaju se svi [[atom]]i, tako da se proces obogaćivanja može nastaviti dobijajući izotop ²⁴²Pu pa i teže od njega. Ipak, izotop ²⁴³Pu ima dosta kratko [[vrijeme poluraspada]] pa je daljnji zahvat neutrona koji vodi do cijepanja atoma, ili vrlo rijetko, do nastanka ²⁴⁴Pu, gotovo zanemariv. Dakle, obogaćivanje plutonija u ovom procesu praktično je gotovo nastankom ²⁴³Pu te vodi preko beta raspada do izotopa [[americij]]a ²⁴³Am. : <math>\mathrm{^{239}_{\ 94}Pu\ +\ ^{1}_{0}n\ \longrightarrow \ ^{240}_{\ 94}Pu\ +\ \gamma}</math> : <math>\mathrm{^{240}_{\ 94}Pu\ +\ ^{1}_{0}n\ \longrightarrow \ ^{241}_{\ 94}Pu\ +\ \gamma}</math> : <math>\mathrm{^{241}_{\ 94}Pu\ +\ ^{1}_{0}n\ \longrightarrow \ ^{242}_{\ 94}Pu\ +\ \gamma}</math> : <math>\mathrm{^{242}_{\ 94}Pu\ +\ ^{1}_{0}n\ \longrightarrow \ ^{243}_{\ 94}Pu\ +\ \gamma}</math> Svaka od ovih faza nuklearne reakcije zahtijeva određeno vrijeme, pa se u jezgrima reaktora tokom vremena minjea relativna količina i udio izotopa. Brzina kojom se odvijaju ove nuklearne reakcije zavisi od brzine rasprostiranja neutrona. Zbog toga što se najveći dio lahko cjepivih izotopa zaista i iscijepa te ne pređe u druge izotope, nastankom svakog takvog cjepivog izotopa opada i mogući prinos (efikasnost) procesa obogaćivanja. Lakši izotop ''²³⁸Pu'' ciljano se dobija po potrebama. On nastaje zahvatom više neutrona iz izotopa uranija ²³⁵U. Pri tome prvo nastaje jezgro uranija ²³⁶U u pobuđenom stanju, a koje ima vrijeme poluraspada od samo 120 nanosekundi i cijepa se uz vrlo visoku vjerovatnoću. Osim toga, pobuđena jezgra ²³⁶U mogu preći u stabilno osnovno stanje putem emisije [[Gama zračenje|gama zraka]]. Putem daljnjeg zahvata neutrona i [[Beta-zrake|β-raspada]] nastaje [[neptunij]] ²³⁷Np. Nakon određenog vremena tokom kojeg djeluje beta zračenje, neptunij, koji se sastoji gotovo isključivo iz ²³⁷Np, se izdvaja iz šipki nuklearnog goriva. Neptunij se može ponovno vratiti u reaktor u obliku nuklearnih šipki od čistog neptunija i izložiti neutronskom zračenju. Pri tome on zahvatom neutrona prelazi u ²³⁸Np a koji se raspada na ²³⁸Pu uz beta zračenje. : <math>\mathrm{^{235}_{\ 92}U\ +\ ^{1}_{0}n\ \longrightarrow \ ^{236m}_{\ 92}U\ \xrightarrow[120 \ ns]{} \ ^{236}_{\ 92}U\ +\ \gamma}</math> : <math>\mathrm{^{236}_{\ 92}U\ +\ ^{1}_{0}n\ \longrightarrow \ ^{237}_{\ 92}U\ \xrightarrow[6,75 \ d]{\beta^-} \ ^{237}_{\ 93}Np}</math> : <math>\mathrm{^{237}_{\ 93}Np\ +\ ^{1}_{0}n\ \longrightarrow \ ^{238}_{\ 93}Np\ \xrightarrow[2,117 \ d]{\beta^-} \ ^{238}_{\ 94}Pu}</math> : <small>navedeno vrijeme je [[vrijeme poluraspada]].</small> [[Datoteka:Brennstab 1.png|thumb|Pri trošenju slabije obogaćenog gorivog elementa (lijevo) opada udio izotopa ²³⁵U, te nastaju novi elementi]] Tako obrađene gorive šipke također sadrže i teže izotope plutonija. Osim toga, neke atome neptunija pogađaju i [[neutron]]i energija iznad 6,27 MeV, pri čemu nastaju i manje količine plutonija ²³⁶Pu. On se dalje raspada preko tzv. torijevog niza čime nastaje izotop [[talij]]a ²⁰⁸Tl, poznat kao veoma snažan emiter gama zraka. Međutim, ako ²³⁹Pu pogode ''brzi'', odnosno neusporeni neutroni i pri tome ga razbiju, prosječni broj novonastalih i otpuštenih neutrona po jednom atomskom jezgru je posebno visok. U takvom reaktoru, teoretski, mnogo više uranija ²³⁸U može se prevesti u ''novi'' plutonij ²³⁹Pu nego što će ga se istovremeno "potrošiti" putem raspada. Takva vrsta reaktora naziva se [[brzi oplodni reaktor]] odnosno "brza oplodnja". Ipak u praksi je do danas postignuta maksimalna stopa konverzije od 0,7 tako da danas ne postoji brzi oplodni reaktor koji bi se mogao komercijalno iskorištavati u industrijskom obimu. Nakon iskorištenja u reaktoru, plutonij zajedno sa proizvodima cijepanja atoma i neupotrebljivim ostacima nuklearnog goriva, preostaje u gorivim šipkama. Takozvanim [[PUREX proces]]om iz tih ostataka se može izdvojiti plutonij, kao i potrebni uranij, u postrojenjima za preradu potrošenog nuklearnog goriva. Najprije se materijal rastvori u [[dušična kiselina|dušičnoj kiselini]] te se plutonij i uranij izdvajaju pomoću [[tri-n-butil fosfat]]a, dok se proizvodi cijepanja atoma i drugi nepoželjni ostaci odbacuju. Godišnje se tako preradi oko 20 [[tona]] plutonija, pretežno u obliku izotopa ²³⁹Pu.<ref name="dtv"/> Prodaja ili transport nuklearnog materijala (poput plutonija ²³⁹Pu i ²⁴¹Pu) kao i materijala koji su potrebni za njegovo dobijanje, državama koje ne posjeduju [[nuklearno oružje]] zabranjeno je po članu 3. ugovora o zabrani širenja nuklearnog naoružanja pod kontrolom [[Međunarodna agencija za atomsku energiju|IAEA]].<ref name="abruest"/> U nekim državama poput Njemačke na snazi je poseban zakon o rukovanju i posjedovanju nuklearnog materijala. On, između ostalog, regulira pod kojim uslovima se nuklearni materijal može posjedovati ili nabavljati u Njemačkoj.<ref name="zakonatg"/> == Biološki aspekti == Biološke funkcije plutonija nisu poznate. Neka istraživanja i ispitivanja se koncentriraju na djelovanja mikroba sa plutonijem, koja za cilj imaju sanaciju i dekontaminiranje njegovih skladišta i okoline.<ref name="eawag"/> Otkriveno je da neke enterobakterije iz roda ''[[Citrobacter]]'' mogu istaložiti plutonij(IV) iz vodenog rastvora u svoje ćelijske zidove pomoću aktivnosti fosfataze te ga povezati u lantan-fosfatne komplekse.<ref name="Macaskie"/> == Reference == {{refspisak|2|refs= <ref name="Greenwood">{{Cite book|author=Norman N. 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C. Hoffman, F. O. Lawrence, J. L. Mewherter, F. M. Rourke|title=Detection of Plutonium-244 in Nature|journal=Nature|volume=234|year=1971|pages=132–134|doi=10.1038/234132a0}}</ref> <ref name="Kernenergie-wissen">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kernenergie-wissen.de/plutonium.html|title=Was ist Plutonium?|website=kernenergie-wissen.de|language=de|access-date=24. 12. 2013|archive-date=24. 12. 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224221045/http://www.kernenergie-wissen.de/plutonium.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> <ref name="museumgeh">{{Cite web |url=http://www.deutsches-museum.de/archiv/archiv-online/geheimdokumente/forschungszentren/wien-heidelberg-strassburg/weizsaecker-energie-aus-u238/ |title=Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker: Eine Möglichkeit der Energiegewinnung aus Uran 238, 17. Juli 1940 |publisher=Deutsches Museum |work=Geheimdokumente zum deutschen Atomprogramm 1938–1945 |access-date=13. 12. 2016}}</ref> <ref name="Peppard">{{cite journal|author=D. F. Peppard, M. H. Studier, M. V. Gergel, G. W. Mason, J. C. Sullivan, J. F. Mech|title=Isolation of Microgram Quantities of Naturally-occurring Plutonium and Examination of its Isotopic Composition|journal=J. Am. Chem. Soc.|volume=73|number=6|year=1951|pages=2529–2531|doi=10.1021/ja01150a034}}</ref> <ref name="Cunningham">{{Cite journal|author=B. B. Cunningham, L. B. Werner|title=The First Isolation Of Plutonium|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=71|number=5|year=1949|pages=1521–1528|doi=10.1021/ja01173a001}}</ref> <ref name="heiswurf">{{Cite web |author=Markus Becker |url=http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/nuklear-forensik-heisenberg-wuerfel-verraet-details-ueber-hitlers-atomprogramm-a-614227.html |title=Nuklear-Forensik: "Heisenberg-Würfel" verrät Details über Hitlers Atomprogramm |work=Spiegel Online |datum=19. 3. 2009 |access-date=13. 12. 2016}}</ref> <ref name="PhysRev69">{{Cite journal|author=G. T. Seaborg, E. McMillan, J. W. Kennedy, A. C. Wahl|title=Radioactive Element 94 from Deuterons on Uranium|journal=Physical Review|volume=69|number=7–8|year=1946|page=366–367|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.69.367}}</ref> <ref name="PhysRev70">{{Cite journal|author=J. W. Kennedy, G. T. Seaborg, E. Segrè, A. C. Wahl|title=Properties of Element 94|journal=Physical Review|volume=70|number=7–8|year=1946|pages=555–556|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.70.555}}</ref> <ref name="binder">{{Cite book|author=Harry H. Binder|title=Lexikon der chemischen Elemente|publisher=S. Hirzel Verlag|location=Stuttgart|year=1999|isbn=3-7776-0736-3|pages=469–476}}</ref> <ref name="lide">{{Cite book|editor=David R. Lide|title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|year=2009|url=https://archive.org/details/crchandbookchemi00lide_960|edition=90|publisher=CRC Press/Taylor and Francis|location=Boca Raton, FL|chapter=Magnetic Susceptibility of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds|pages=[https://archive.org/details/crchandbookchemi00lide_960/page/n1179 4]-145|isbn=9781420090840}}</ref> }} {{Commonscat|Plutonium}} == Literatura == * {{cite book |title = Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie |author = A. F. Holleman, E. Wiberg, N. Wiberg |publisher = de Gruyter |year = 2007 |location = Berlin |isbn = 978-3-11-017770-1 |ref = CITEREFHolleman2007}} {{Nuklearna tehnologija}} {{PSE}} [[Kategorija:Hemijski elementi]] jcpd0826wlkvmzyic3s4ven9oamyaxu 0 12950 3427048 3421847 2022-08-02T11:30:54Z StrohIntegral 144727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija naselje u BiH | ime = Kozluk | vrsta = Naseljeno mjesto | službeni_naziv = | slogan = | nadimak = | slika = | opis_slike = | veličina_slike = | zastava = | grb = | entitet = [[Republika Srpska]] | kanton = | grad = [[Zvornik]] | nadmorska_visina = 133 | širina_stepeni = 44.5017 | dužina_stepeni = 19.1125 | najveća tačka = | najveća tačka metara = | površina_grada = | površina_općine = | stanovništvo grad = 2004 | stanovništvo procjena = | stanovništvo godina = 2013 | stanovništvo procjena godina = | gustoća = | poštanski broj = 75413 | pozivni broj = (+387) 56 | matični broj = 208876<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaBiH.pdf |title=Sistematski spisak općina i naseljenih mjesta u Bosni i Hercegovini |work=fzs.ba |access-date=8. 1. 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305101405/http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaBiH.pdf |archive-date=5. 3. 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | matični_broj_grada = 20168 | karta_lokacija = Bosna i Hercegovina | opis_karte = Kozluk u Bosni i Hercegovini | web stranice = | bilješka = }} '''Kozluk''' je [[naseljeno mjesto]] u [[grad]]u [[Zvornik]]u, [[Bosna i Hercegovina]]. == Geografski položaj == Smješten je u istočnom dijelu [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosne i Hercegovine]]. Nalazi se na lijevoj obali rijeke [[Drina|Drine]], pod istočnim obroncima planine [[Majevica|Majevice]], na putu Zvornik - [[Bijeljina]]. Naseljeni dio mjesta od Drine je udaljen oko 1&nbsp;km. Nadmorska visina je 133 m. == Historija == Na lokalitetu Kučište pronađeni su ostaci suhozidnog utvrđenja iz [[Neolit|neolitskog doba]]. [[Slaveni]] na ova područja dolaze u [[7. vijek]]u, a nastankom [[Bosna i Hercegovina u srednjem vijeku|srednjovjekovne bosanske države]] ona postaju njen sastavni dio. Na širem području Kozluka pronađeno je 15 [[stećak]]a raspoređenih na četiri lokaliteta. Zvorničko područje pada u ruke [[Osmanlijsko Carstvo|Osmanlija]] 1460, a 20 godina kasnije dolazi do formiranja Zvorničkog sandžaka. Iako se ne spominje na popisu Zvorničkog sandžaka iz 1604, Kozluk se u [[17. vijek]]u počeo razvijati kao karavanska stanica na putu Zvornik - Bijeljina - [[Srijemska Rača|Rača]]. Naselje je prvi put spomenuo u svojim zapisima francuski diplomata Kikle, koji je u Kozluku boravio 1658. na putu ka [[Istanbul]]u. Prema Kikleu, u Kozluku su tada postojali han i [[Mehmed Čelebijina džamija u Kozluku|džamija]] koji su nosili ime Mehmeda Čelebije kao njihovog utemeljitelja. Osim toga, postojao je i Sarajli-han. Kozluk je 1664. posjetio i [[Evlija Čelebija]], koji navodi da je Kozluk kasaba sa par dućana. Čelebija zapisuje da je Kozluk ime dobio "zato što tu raste mnogo orahovih stabala (Kozlidže)". Prema jednoj predaji, ime je dobio po vrsti divlje biljke koju je narod nazivao "kozjim lukom". Po osnivanju Zvorničke [[kapetanija|kapetanije]], u centru naselja kod džamije sagrađena je kula. Kroz [[18. vijek]] Kozluk je nazadovao, pa ga putopisci s početka [[19. vijek]]a uopće ne spominju. Sredinom 19. vijeka bio je u posjedu zvorničkih begova Fidahića. Carigradskom konferencijom iz 1862, koja je održana nakon sukoba [[Srbi|Srba]] i turskih vojnika na [[beograd]]skoj Čukur-česmi, naređeno je iseljenje preostalog muslimanskog stanovništva iz [[Srbija|Srbije]]. U Kozluk se iz Sokola, porušenog grada između [[Krupanj|Krupnja]] i [[Ljubovija|Ljubovije]], doselila 141 porodica sa 373 muška člana, od čega 6 [[Romi|romskih]] porodica sa 13 članova. Doselili su se: Alajbegovići, Alispahići, Arapovići, Banjanovići, Bašići, Čajkići, Ćatići, Dubočanini, Dudakovići, Durakovići, Delići, Fejzići, Grabovci, Hergići, Hadžialići (Topčagići), Haluge, Haranbašići, Hadžimuratovići, Hidići, Ibriševići, Isići, Išimovići, Jakubovići, Kupinići, Marhoševići, Mekići, Mešanagići, Mulalići, Mulaibiševići, Mutisagići, Palamarevići, Pekmezovići, Puškarevići, Suljagići (Salihagići), Spahići, Šabići, Terzići i Uzunovići. U Kozluk su se kasnije doselile porodice: Brkići, Ekmečići, Hadžialići, Jahići, Mulaosmanovići, Muratovići, Memiševići, Omerhodžići, Omerovići i drugi. U doba [[Austro-Ugarska|austro-ugarske]] [[Bosna i Hercegovina u Austro-Ugarskoj|vladavine]], Kozluk je bio sjedište općine kojoj su pripadala naselja: [[Baljkovica Donja]], [[Dugi Dio]], [[Jusići (Zvornik)|Jusići]], [[Kraljevići]], [[Petkovci]], [[Sapna]], [[Vitinica (Sapna)|Vitinica]], [[Šetići (Zvornik)|Šetići]], [[Tršić (Zvornik)|Tršić]], [[Tabanci]], [[Skočić]], [[Roćević]], [[Gornji Šepak]] i [[Donji Šepak]]. Prvih godina austro-ugarske vladavine otvoreni su oružnička postaja, pošta i mekteb za kadije, a 1886. i osnovna škola. Početkom [[20. vijek]]a, nastala je i medresa koja je uz zvorničku bila jedina na području kotara. Drveni minaret džamije zamijenjen je 1903. zidanim, a iste godine sagrađena je pravoslavna Crkva sv. Apostola Petra i Pavla, čiji je prvi sveštenik Petar Lazarević pogubljen augusta 1914. u [[Tuzla|Tuzli]] zbog sumnji u umiješanost u [[sarajevski atentat]]. Za vrijeme [[Kraljevina Jugoslavija|Kraljevine Jugoslavije]], Kozluk je ostao općina, ali se njegova teritorija smanjila formiranjem općina [[Branjevo]], Sapna i [[Grbavci Donji|Grbavci]]. [[Bošnjaci|Bošnjačko]] stanovništvo je većim dijelom podržavalo [[Jugoslavenska muslimanska organizacija|Jugoslavensku muslimansku organizaciju]]. Za narodnog poslanika je 1935. izabran Zvorničanin Husein Ćumavić, a za njegovog zamjenika Kozlučanac Fehim Bektašević. U ovo doba u Kozluku je postojalo nekoliko dućana, Turkušin i Suljagića han, dvije kafane i desetak zanatskih radnji. Formiranjem [[Nezavisna država Hrvatska|NDH]] u aprilu 1941, u Kozluku su nastale policijska stanica, [[Hrvatsko domobranstvo|domobranska]] posada i [[Ustaše|Ustaški]] tabor na čelu sa tabornikom Halimom Spahićem. Manje domobranske posade djelovale su i u obližnjim naseljima Tršić i Roćević. Od 1942. u Kozluku je djelovala i ilegalna grupa radnika koja je preko [[Donja Pilica|Pilice]] održavala kontakt sa [[Narodnooslobodilačka vojska Jugoslavije|partizanskim]] jedinicama, a povremeno i sa zvorničkim ilegalcima. Partizani su u Kozluk prvi put ušli 7. jula 1943. bez borbi, dva dana nakon pada Zvornika. Od oktobra 1943. do konačnog pada u partizanske ruke 20. februara 1945. na području Kozluka i okolice vodile su se stalne borbe. Narodnooslobodilački odbor formiran je u oktobru 1944. U martu i aprilu 1945. uništene su [[Četnici|četničke]] jedinice koje su kontrolisale veći dio kozlučke općine. U partizanima se borilo 300, a poginulo 125 osoba sa područja kozlučke općine. Općina, kojoj su pripadala naselja sjeveroistočnog dijela današnje općine Zvornik prema [[Janja|Janji]], je ukinuta 1962. Prema popisu iz 1961. imala je 17.461 stanovnika. Prvi značajniji objekat izgrađen u Kozluku poslije rata bio je Zadružni dom 1949. Renoviran je i dograđen 1978. Elektrifikacija je obavljena 1953, čime je Kozluk postao drugo naselje u općini (iza Zvornika) koje je imalo struju, izgradnja vodovodnog sistema krajem 1960-ih, a kanalizacije 1980-ih. Asfaltni put u dužini od 8&nbsp;km do [[Kiseljak (Zvornik)|Kiseljaka]] i pošta izgrađeni su krajem 1950-ih, a Kozluk je oko 1980. modernom saobraćajnicom povezan sa Zvornikom i Bijeljinom. Nova ambulanta, koja je ubrzo prerasla u Zdravstvenu stanicu, otvorena je 1958. Ubrzo su otvorene i veterinarska stanica, apoteka i poljoprivredna apoteka, a izgrađeno je i par stambenih zgrada. Novi objekat džamije izgrađen je 1968, ali je zadržan stari minaret. Fabrika mineralne vode "Vitinka" otvorena je 1974. Novi objekat škole izgrađen je 1960, a 14 godina kasnije još jedan dvospratni sa fiskulturnom salom i sportskim poligonom. Bošnjačko stanovništvo Kozluka i Skočića protjerano je [[26. juni|26. juna]] 1992. u [[Mađarska|Mađarsku]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/branko-popovic/|title=Branko Popovic|publisher=TRIAL International|date=6. 7. 2016|access-date=24. 3. 2019|archive-date=22. 3. 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322164016/https://trialinternational.org/latest-post/branko-popovic/|url-status=dead}}</ref> a ubrzo je porušena i džamija. U periodu od aprila do protjerivanja, u Kozluku i Skočiću ubijeno je i nestalo 49 Bošnjaka.<ref>{{citeweb |url=https://www.faktor.ba/vijest/pravda-za-bosnjake-zvornika-odbrana-ce-tvrditi-da-je-dementan-ali-studen-odlicno-pamti/17944 |title=Pravda za Bošnjake Zvornika: Odbrana će tvrditi da je dementan, ali Studen odlično pamti |publisher=Faktor |date=5. 1. 2019 |access-date=13. 4. 2019 |archive-date=12. 4. 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412220950/https://www.faktor.ba/vijest/pravda-za-bosnjake-zvornika-odbrana-ce-tvrditi-da-je-dementan-ali-studen-odlicno-pamti/17944 |url-status=dead }}</ref> U [[Slovenija|Sloveniji]] je od boraca Kozluka i drugih naselja između Bijeljine i Zvornika formirana jedinica ''Drinski zmajevi''. Imala je oko 100 boraca. Po dolasku na slobodne zvorničke teritorije 20. septembra 1992. postala je 3. četa 1. zvorničkog odreda. Manevarska jedinica postala je nastankom [[246. viteška brdska brigada|206. brdske brigade]]. Formiranjem [[242. muslimanska zvornička lahka brigada|242. muslimanske zvorničke lahke brigade]] u augustu 1994. ''Drinski zmajevi'' ulaze u njen sastav. Na širem području Kozluka pronađeno je nekoliko masovnih grobnica sa žrtvama [[Genocid u Srebrenici|Srebreničkog genocida]]. == Sport i kultura == ''Fudbalski klub Šemsudin Šišić'', imenovan po [[Komunizam|komunističkom]] aktivisti ubijenom u ustaškom zatvoru u [[Sarajevo|Sarajevu]] 1942, formiran je 1946. Dvije godine kasnije preimenovan je u ''FK Zadrugar'', koji potom postaje sportsko društvo u čijem sastavu je djelovalo i Društvo za tjelesno vaspitanje "Partizan". Nakon što se ''Zadrugar'' ugasio početkom 1960-ih, 1971. formirano je ''Sportsko društvo Mineral'', koje je osim fudbalskog imalo košarkaški i šahovski klub. Dramska sekcija u Kozluku nastala je 1946, a u proljeće naredne godine formirano je Kulturno-prosvjetno društvo "[[Bratstvo i jedinstvo]]". Tamburaški orkestar "Zadrugar" formiran je 1951. Krajem 1954. "Bratstvo i jedinstvo" je preimenovano u Kulturno-umjetničko društvo. Ukidanjem općine i odlaskom dijela kadrova, aktivnosti KUD-a slabe te se ono gasi 1965. Društvo je obnovljeno 1977. pod starim imenom. Od 1950. djelovao je i bioskop "Zadrugar", koji se ugasio početkom 1960-ih. Nekoliko godina kasnije, sa davanjem bioskopskih predstava u Kozluku započeo je zvornički bioskop "Drina". == Stanovništvo == Kozluk je prema [[Popis stanovništva u Bosni i Hercegovini 1895.|popisu iz 1895]]. imao 909 stanovnika, a [[Popis stanovništva u Bosni i Hercegovini 1910.|1910]]. 1.063. Naglo je porastao broj Srba, sa 51 na 128. Postojala je i manja [[Jevreji|jevrejska]] zajednica sa 17 članova koja je bila uticajna u trgovini. Od 1.063 stanovnika popisana 1910, u Čaršiji je živjelo 217, u Jedreni 341, u Luci 248, u Potkraju 167 i u Marhošima 90. Broj stanovnika na [[Popis stanovništva u Bosni i Hercegovini 1953.|popisu 1953]]. bio je 1.450. {{Stanovništvo BiH | naslov_tabele = Sastav stanovništva | ime_naseljenog_mjesta = Kozluk | vrsta_naseljenog_mjesta = naselje | maticni_broj = 208876 | admin_godina = 2013 | g2013_izvor = <ref name="popis2013">{{cite web |title=Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u Bosni i Hercegovini 2013 – Etnička/nacionalna pripadnost, vjeroispovijest, maternji jezik |url=https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |website=popis.gov.ba |publisher=Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine |access-date=7. 4. 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210407103505/https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |archive-date=7. 4. 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref> | g1991_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/nacionalni-sastav-stanovnistva-po-naseljenim-mjestima-bilten-234.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva Republike Bosne i Hercegovine 1991. (str. 127) |work=fzs.ba |access-date= 8. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g1981_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1981/pdf/G19814001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1981. |work=stat.gov.rs |access-date= 8. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g1971_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1971/pdf/G19714001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1971. |work=stat.gov.rs |access-date= 8. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g2013_ukupno = 2004 | g2013_bosnjaci = 1501 | g2013_srbi = 487 | g2013_hrvati = 1 | g2013_albanci = 3 | g2013_jugosloveni = 2 | g2013_pravoslavci = 1 | g2013_nisu_izjasnili = 6 | g2013_nepoznato = 1 | g1991_ukupno = 3017 | g1991_muslimani = 2565 | g1991_srbi = 302 | g1991_hrvati = 3 | g1991_jugosloveni = 76 | g1981_ukupno = 2652 | g1981_muslimani = 2232 | g1981_srbi = 259 | g1981_hrvati = 1 | g1981_jugosloveni = 56 | g1981_crnogorci = 1 | g1981_albanci = 1 | g1981_madari = 1 | g1981_romi = 95 | g1971_ukupno = 2115 | g1971_muslimani = 1851 | g1971_srbi = 248 | g1971_hrvati = 3 | g1971_crnogorci = 5 | g1971_madari = 3 }} == Također pogledajte == * [[Mehmed Čelebijina džamija u Kozluku|Mehmed Čelebijina džamija]] == Poznate ličnosti == * [[Ermin Bičakčić]] (1990 - ), [[nogometaš]] i [[Nogometna reprezentacija Bosne i Hercegovine|reprezentativac Bosne i Hercegovine]] * [[Nijaz Alispahić]] (1950 - ), pisac * {{ill|Alija Uzunović|sr|Алија Узуновић}} (1945 - 2016) == Literatura == *{{cite book |last=Hudović |first=Mehmed |date=2000 |title=Zvornik: Slike i bilješke iz prošlosti |location=[[Sarajevo]] |publisher=Udruženje građana općine Zvornik}} *Uzunović, Alija; Banjanović, Nusret (1979). Kozluk Monografija. Tuzla: Mjesna zajednica Kozluk == Reference == {{refspisak|2}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Portal Bosna i Hercegovina}} * [http://www.opstina-zvornik.org/ Zvanični sajt grada Zvornika] {{Grad Zvornik}} k58cl9tf4trs49fgvff2cnkrjuxcqi0 0 18826 3426888 3408288 2022-08-01T12:10:28Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nedostaju izvori}} {{Infokutija muzičar | ime = Plavi orkestar | pozadina = skupina | slika = Плави Оркестар.jpg | žanr = [[Pop rock]], [[power pop]], [[pop punk]], [[novi primitivizam]] | karijera = 1983– | trenutni_članovi = Saša Lošić<br/>Mladen Pavičić<br/>Saša Zalepugin<br/>Samir Ćeremida - Ćera I<br/>Admir Ćeremida - Ćera II | bivši_članovi = | izdavač = Jugoton | porijeklo = [[Bosna i Hercegovina]] | album1 = [[Soldatski bal]] | godina1 = 1985 | album2 = Smrt fašizmu | godina2 = 1986 | najnoviji_album = Revolucija | godina3 = 2010 }} '''Plavi orkestar''' je jugoslavenska i bosanskohercegovačka rock grupa. Osnovana je u [[Sarajevo|Sarajevu]] 1983.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sasalosic.com/plavi_orkestar_en.htm|title=Plavi Orkestar - Official Web Page|website=wayback.archive.org|accessdate=2016-11-17|archive-date=18. 5. 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080518170149/http://www.sasalosic.com/plavi_orkestar_en.htm|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> godine u okviru pokreta [[Novi primitivizam]], zajedno sa [[Zabranjeno pušenje|Zabranjenim pušenjem]] i [[Elvis J. Kurtović|Elvisom J. Kurtovićem]]. Kritičari ocjenjuju "Plavi orkestar" kao "kulturni fenomen osamdesetih i devedesetih". Uskoro postaju prepoznatljivi i po vlastitom stilu – [[Novi partizani]]. Dosad su izdali 8 albuma, prodanih u 5 miliona primjeraka, te obišli svijet na mnogobrojnim turnejama sa više od 1.500 koncerata. Najveći broj koncerata se održao u zemljama bivše [[Jugoslavija|Jugoslavije]], [[Švedska|Švedskoj]], [[Švicarska|Švicarskoj]], [[Njemačka|Njemačkoj]], [[Poljska|Poljskoj]] i mnogim drugim državama. Karijeru "Plavog orkestra" obilježili su veliki hitovi, poput antologijskih pjesama: "Suada", "Kaja", "Bolje biti pijan nego star", "Sava tiho teče", "Zelene su bile oči te", "Kad mi kažeš 'paša'", "Ako su to samo bile laži", "Odlazim", čija popularnost i prisutnost godinama ne jenjavaju. == Članovi grupe == Tokom rata grupa se privremeno raspala - gitarista [[Mladen Pavičić]] otišao je u [[Kanada|Kanadu]], vokalni solista [[Saša Lošić]] Loša živi u [[Ljubljana|Ljubljani]]. Jedan od braće Ćeramida živi u [[Pariz]]u dok je drugi u Sarajevu. Od ponovnog okupljanja grupe nakon rata 1997. u grupi svira novi gitarista [[Saša Zalepugin]]. * [[Saša Lošić]] - vokal * [[Mladen Pavičić]] - gitara * [[Admir Ćeremida]] - bubnjevi * [[Samir Ćerеmida]] - bas-gitara * [[Saša Zalepugin]] - gitara == Diskografija == # ''[[Soldatski bal]]'' (1985) # ''[[Smrt fašizmu]]'' (1986) # ''[[Sunce na prozoru]]'' (1989) # ''[[Simpatija (album)|Simpatija]]'' (1991) # ''[[Long Play (album)|Long Play]]'' (1998) # ''[[Infinity (album)|Infinity]]'' (1999) # ''[[Sedam (album)|Sedam]]'' (2012) == Nagrade == Rad grupe je bio više puta nagrađivan. Primili su nagradu FIDOF za najboljeg kompozitora, nagradu CESME za najbolju pjesmu (u konkurenciji bile i pjesme Chaka Khan, La Toya Jackson, Cool & The Gang i Gazebo) kao i mnoge druge nagrade. == Reference == {{Refspisak}} ==Vanjski linkovi== {{Commonscat}}{{Refspisak|}} * [http://www.myspace.com/plaviorkestarofficial Plavi Orkestar] na [[MySpace]]u [[Kategorija:Bosanskohercegovačke muzičke grupe]] [[Kategorija:Novi primitivizam]] [[Kategorija:Bosanskohercegovačke pop-grupe]] [[Kategorija:Muzičke grupe iz Sarajeva]] [[Kategorija:Muzičke grupe osnovane 1983.]] [[Kategorija:Muzičke grupe iz Sarajeva]] qazvkh3actk0ml5ps50z9zix5oeyoid 4 18910 3426931 3418094 2022-08-01T18:22:30Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki __BEZSADRŽAJA__ {{Pravilo|WP:NA}} {| {{Prettytable}} |- align="center" style="background:#FFEBAD;" !Srebrna medalja bez zastave !Zlatna medalja bez zastave !Srebrna medalja sa zastavom !Zlatna medalja sa zastavom !Zlatna medalja sa zastavom i vijencem !Zlatna medalja sa postoljem |-align="center" |[[Slika:Wikimedalja srebro.png|60px]] |[[Slika:Wikimedalja zlato.PNG|60px]] |[[Slika:Wikimedaljasrebro.png|60px]] |[[Slika:Wikimedalja.png|60px]] |[[Slika:Wikimedalja vijenac.jpg|120px]] |[[Slika:Goldenwiki.png|70px]] |-align="center" |<small>Medalja za pomaganje Wikipedije<br /> na bosanskom jeziku</small> <br />'''<small>[[Šablon:Wiki srebro|<nowiki>{{Wiki srebro}}</nowiki>]]</small>''' |<small>Medalja za doprinos Wikipediji <br />na bosanskom jeziku</small> <br />'''<small>[[Šablon:Wiki zlato|<nowiki>{{Wiki zlato}}</nowiki>]]</small>''' |<small>Medalja za značajan doprinos Wikipediji<br />na bosanskom jeziku</small> <br />'''<small>[[Šablon:Wiki srebro zastava|<nowiki>{{Wiki srebro zastava}}</nowiki>]]</small>''' |<small>Medalja za izuzetan doprinos<br />Wikipediji na bosanskom jeziku</small> <br />'''<small>[[Šablon:Wiki zlato zastava|<nowiki>{{Wiki zlato zastava}}</nowiki>]]</small>''' |<small>Medalja za vrhunski i dugogodišnji doprinos Wikipediji <br />na bosanskom jeziku</small><br />'''<small>[[Šablon:Wiki vijenac|<nowiki>{{Wiki vijenac}}</nowiki>]]</small>''' |<small>Ovaj članak je bio izabran<br />kao [[Wikipedia:Odabrani članci|Odabrani članak mjeseca]]</small> <br />'''<small>[[Šablon:Wiki članak|<nowiki>{{Wiki članak}}</nowiki>]]</small>''' |- ! colspan="6" align="center" style="background:#FFEBAD; font-size:18px"| <tt>P R A V I L N I K</tt> |- ! colspan="6" align="center" style="background:#FFEBCD;"| Srebrna medalja bez zastave |- | colspan="6" align="center" | 1.000 izmjena |- ! colspan="6" align="center" style="background:#FFEBCD;"| Zlatna medalja bez zastave |- | colspan="6" align="center"| 2.000 izmjena |- ! colspan="6" align="center" style="background:#FFEBCD;"| Srebrna medalja sa zastavom |- | colspan="6" align="center"| 4.000 izmjena ili 3.000 izmjena i 6 mjeseci kontinuiranog rada |- ! colspan="6" align="center" style="background:#FFEBCD;"| Zlatna medalja sa zastavom |- | colspan="6" align="center"| 8.000 izmjena ili 6.000 izmjena i 1 godinu kontinuiranog rada |- ! colspan="6" align="center" style="background:#FFEBCD;"| Zlatna medalja sa zastavom i vijencem |- | colspan="6" align="center"| 12.000 izmjena ili 8.000 izmjena i 2 godine kontinuiranog rada |- ! colspan="6" align="center" style="background:#FFEBCD;"| Zlatna medalja s postoljem |- | colspan="6" align="center"| Odabrani članak mjeseca |} == Odlikovani korisnici i članci == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" align="center" |- ! colspan=3 style="background:#B9FFC5; width:100%; font-size:18px"| <tt>Nosioci odlikovanja</tt> |- | rowspan=2 align="center" style="background:#FFFFFF;" |[[Datoteka:Wikimedalja srebro.png|50px]] | colspan=2 align="center" style="width:100%" | <tt>[[Šablon:Wiki srebro|Srebrna medalja]]</tt> |- | colspan=2 align="left" style="background:#FFFFFF;" | [[Korisnik:Elvir.doc|Elvir.doc]] <small>({{izmjene|Elvir.doc|1060}} i 9 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:E.B.|E.B.]] <small>({{izmjene|E.B.|1092}} i 40 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:NH08|NH08]] <small>({{izmjene|NH08|1605}} i 9 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Matej|Matej]] <small>({{izmjene|Matej|1172}} i 10 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Lanche|Lanche]] <small>({{izmjene|Lanche|1295}} i 19 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Ante Perkovic|Ante Perkovic]] <small>({{izmjene|Ante_Perkovic|1132}} i 5 dana rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Alijasalija|Alijasalija]] <small> ({{izmjene|Alijasalija|1032}} i 32 mjeseca rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Hattab|Hattab]] <small> ({{izmjene|Hattab|2341}}) </small> · [[Korisnik:Adnan|Adnan]] <small> ({{izmjene|Adnan|1309}}) </small> · [[m:User:Hoo man|Hoo man]] <small> (za pisanje jedinstvenog bota) </small> |- | rowspan=2 align="center" style="background:#FFFFFF;" |[[Datoteka:Wikimedalja zlato.PNG|50px]] | colspan=2 align="center"| <tt>[[Šablon:Wiki zlato|Zlatna medalja]]</tt> |- | colspan=2 align="left" style="background:#FFFFFF;" | [[Korisnik:1diggy3|1diggy3]] <small>({{izmjene|1diggy3|2653}} i 40 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|Edinwiki]] <small>({{izmjene|Edinwiki|2974}} i 33 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Luka|Luka]] <small>({{izmjene|Luka|2214}} i 2 godine rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Harač|Harač]] <small>({{izmjene|Harač|2150}} i 32 mjeseca rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Bushido|Bushido]] <small>({{izmjene|Bushido|2695}} i 15 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Sirmelle|Sirmelle]] <small>({{izmjene|Sirmelle|2415}} i 15 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Boris Godunov|Boris Godunov]] <small>({{izmjene|Boris_Godunov|2431}} i 9 mjeseci rada)</small> |- | rowspan=2 align="center" style="background:#FFFFFF;" |[[Datoteka:Wikimedaljasrebro.png|50px]] | colspan=2 align="center"| <tt>[[Šablon:Wiki srebro zastava|Srebrna medalja sa zastavom]]</tt> |- | colspan=2 align="left" style="background:#FFFFFF;" | [[Korisnik:HarunB|HarunB]] <small>({{izmjene|HarunB|2738}} i 36 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Nidurhaf|Nidurhaf]] <small>({{izmjene|Nidurhaf|3120}} i 30 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:EmirA|EmirA]] <small>({{izmjene|EmirA|3672}} i 50 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Mediteran|Mediteran]] <small>({{izmjene|Mediteran|3369}} i 49 mjeseci rada) · [[Korisnik:Vseferovic|Vseferovic]] <small>({{izmjene|Vseferovic|5065}} i 20 mjeseci rada)</small> · </small>[[Korisnik:Mhare|Mhare]] <small>({{izmjene|Mhare|5347}} i 168 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Pavone|Pavone]] <small>({{izmjene|Pavone|5719}} i 37 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Squirrel|Squirrel]] <small>({{izmjene|Squirrel|4369}} i 20 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:President23|President23]] <small>({{izmjene|President23|3373}} i 27 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] <small>({{izmjene|Semso98|3361}} i 27 mjeseci rada)</small> |- | rowspan=2 align="center" style="background:#FFFFFF;" |[[Datoteka:Wikimedalja.png|50px]] | colspan=2 align="center"| <tt>[[Šablon:Wiki zlato zastava|Zlatna medalja sa zastavom]]</tt> |- | colspan=2 align="left" style="background:#FFFFFF;" | [[Korisnik:Dado|Dado]] <small>({{izmjene|Dado|6738}} i 36 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:DzWiki|DzWiki]] <small>({{izmjene|DzWiki|8086}} i 36 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Eastonwest|Eastonwest]] <small>({{izmjene|Eastonwest|11956}} i 22 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Kahriman|Kahriman]] <small>({{izmjene|Kahriman|8018}} i 20 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Amsal|Amsal]] <small>({{izmjene|Amsal|6733}} i 34 mjeseci rada)</small> |- | rowspan=2 align="center" style="background:#FFFFFF;" |[[Datoteka:Wikimedalja vijenac.jpg|100px]] | colspan=2 align="center"| <tt>[[Šablon:Wiki vijenac|Zlatna medalja sa zastavom i vijencem]]</tt> |- | colspan=2 align="left" style="background:#FFFFFF;" | [[Korisnik:AdnanSa|AdnanSa]] <small>({{izmjene|AdnanSa|12654}} i 86 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Emir Kotromanić|Emir Kotromanić]] <small>({{izmjene|Emir_Kotromanić|8901}} i 38 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Kal-El|Kal-El]] <small>({{izmjene|Kal-El|18960}} i 52 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] <small>({{izmjene|KWiki|63.720}} i 162 mjeseca rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Emx|Emx]] <small>({{izmjene|Emx|16912}} i 24 mjeseca rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Zumbulka|Zumbulka]] <small>({{izmjene|Zumbulka|18484}} i 24 mjeseca rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Demicx|Demicx]] <small>({{izmjene|Demicx|19019}} i 46 mjeseca rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Smooth O|Smooth O]] <small>({{izmjene|Smooth%20O|26709}} i 56 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]] <small>({{izmjene|C3r4|59985}})</small> · [[Korisnik:WizardOfOz|WizardOfOz]] <small>({{izmjene|WizardOfOz|13138}} i 41 mjesec rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Toni|Toni]] <small>({{izmjene|Toni|55555}} i 87 mjeseci rada)</small> · [[Korisnik:Palapa|Palapa]] <small>({{izmjene|Palapa|25465}} i 81 mjesec rada)</small> |- | rowspan=2 align="center" style="background:#FFFFFF;" |[[Datoteka:Goldenwiki.png|60px]] | colspan=2 align="center"| <tt>[[Šablon:Wiki članak|Zlatna medalja sa postoljem]]</tt><br /><small>[[Wikipedia:Odabrani članci|Odabrani članak mjeseca]]</small> |- | colspan=2 align="left" style="background:#FFFFFF;" | {{hlist|<s>[[Bejrut]]</s>|<s>[[Husein-kapetan Gradaščević]]</s>|<s>[[Most Mehmed-paše Sokolovića]]</s>|<s>[[Norveški jezik]]</s>|[[Visoko]]|<s>[[Willy Brandt]]</s>|<s>[[OPEC]]</s>|<s>[[Masakri na Markalama]]</s>|[[Charles Darwin]]|[[Napadi 11. septembra 2001.]]|[[Ubuntu (operativni sistem)]]|[[Olimpijske igre]]|[[Sociologija]]|<s>''[[Da Vincijev kod]]''</s>|<s>[[Diferencijalna mašina]]</s>|<s>[[Bosna i Hercegovina u srednjem vijeku]]</s>|[[Islamska arhitektura]]|[[Bosanski sabor]]|<s>[[Erwin Rommel]]</s>|[[Sarajevo]]|<s>[[Historija Sarajeva]]</s>|[[Filatelija u Bosni i Hercegovini]]|[[Doboj]]|[[Zenica]]|[[Bosna i Hercegovina]]|''[[Stargate SG-1]]''|[[Marija Antoaneta]]|[[Hromatografija]]|''[[Queen]]''|<s>[[Program "Buran"]]</s>|[[Elizabeta I, kraljica Engleske]]|[[Mineral]]|[[Ibuprofen]]|[[Anne Boleyn]]|[[Bonn]]|[[Adolf Eichmann]]|[[Jakov II, kralj Engleske]]|[[Štajerska (pokrajina)|Štajerska]]|[[Gvatemala]]|[[Tenis]]|[[Katarina Aragonska]]|[[Legija]]|[[Rat na Pacifiku]]|[[Svemirska utrka]]|[[Aspirin]]|[[Ciceron]]|[[Demosten]]|[[Fotosinteza]]|[[Marija Terezija, kraljica Ugarske]]|[[Antička Grčka]]|[[Kokain]]|[[Zemljotres]]|[[Jakov I, kralj Engleske]]|[[Karlo II, kralj Engleske]]|[[Liverpool FC]]|[[Malta]]|[[Aspergerov sindrom]]|''[[CSI: Las Vegas]]''|[[Multipla skleroza]]|[[Las Vegas]]|[[ABBA]]|[[Aleksandar Aljehin]]|[[Antička Grčka]]|[[Nauru]]|[[Juventus FC]]|[[Autizam]]|[[Fobos (satelit)|Fobos]]|[[Pariz]]|[[Fojnica]]|[[Borba za nezavisnost zemalja Latinske Amerike]]|''[[Pakleni šund]]''|[[Novak Đoković]]|[[Lesoto]]|''[[Zločinački umovi]]''|[[Košarka]]|[[Ivica Osim]]|[[Pretorijanci]]|[[Ronnie O'Sullivan]]|[[Sherlock Holmes]]|[[Heroin]]|[[Nikotin]]|[[Livno]]|<s>[[Historija Evropske unije]]</s>|[[Spinosaurus]]|<s>[[Skalar (riba)|Skalar]]</s>|[[Alfred Hitchcock]]|[[Stephen Hendry]]|[[Henning Mankell]]|[[Elfriede Jelinek]]|''[[Deset malih crnaca]]''|[[Borislav Pekić]]|[[Bitka za Monte Cassino]]|[[Roger Federer]]|[[Istraživanje Marsa‎]]|[[Skijaški skokovi]]|[[Cerera (patuljasta planeta)]]|[[Namibija]]|[[Paracetamol]]|[[Michael Scofield]]|''[[Dosjei X (serija)|Dosjei X]]''|[[Dekolonizacija Afrike]]|[[Caroline Wozniacki]]|[[Jelena Isinbajeva]]|[[Ukrajina]]|[[Sherlock (serija)|''Sherlock'' (serija)]]|[[Kir Veliki]]|[[Lupus]]|[[Seoul]]|[[Iridij]]|[[Krvna grupa]]|[[Izvijanje]]|[[Google]]|[[Mašinstvo]]|[[Voda]]|[[Hakeem Olajuwon]]|[[San Francisco]]|''[[Apokalipsa danas]]''|[[Svjetski kup u biatlonu]]|''[[Doktor Živago (film)|Doktor Živago]]''|[[Germanij]]|[[Los Angeles]]|[[Njemačka]]|[[Microsoft]]|[[Ateizam]]|[[Volkswagen]]|[[Eurosong 2016.]]|[[Genetika]]|[[Atentat na Johna F. Kennedyja]]|[[Masakr u Bijeljini]]|[[Audi]]|[[Škoda Auto]]|[[Optika]]|[[Sumpor]]|[[Ksenon]]|[[Itrij]]|[[Nikola Tesla]]|[[Tantal]]|[[Snuker]]|[[Molibden]]|''[[Igra prijestolja]]''|[[Hafnij]]|[[Evolucija čovjeka]]|[[Slovenija]]|[[Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija]]|[[Batman]]|[[Albanija]]|[[Španija]]|[[14. srednjobosanska udarna brigada]]|[[Mjesečina (film)|''Mjesečina'' (film)]]|[[Alabama]]|[[Američki bogovi (serija)|''Američki bogovi'' (serija)]]|[[Natrij]]|[[Andrej Rubljov (film)|''Andrej Rubljov'' (film)]]|''[[Besramnici]]''|[[John Higgins (snuker)]]|[[Sjevernoirski sukob]]|[[The Doors]]|[[Deportacija Krimskih Tatara]]|[[Johann Pachelbel]]|[[Wimbledon FC]]|[[Sherlock Holmes (2009)|''Sherlock Holmes'' (2009)]]|[[Karling]]|''[[Sherlock Holmes: Igra sjenki]]''|[[Visoko u srednjem vijeku]]|[[Atom]]|[[Uranij]]|[[Prijatelji (serija)|''Prijatelji'']]|[[Titanij]]|[[Aphex Twin]]|''[[Elementarno]]''|[[Jerry Cantrell]]|[[Furnir]]|[[Ćirilo i Metodije]]|[[Evropa]]|[[Ahemenidsko Carstvo]]|[[Snježna sova]]|[[Bizantijska umjetnost]]|[[Egipat]]|[[Mars]]|[[Bioluminiscencija]]|[[Računar]]|[[Mat lovcem i skakačem]]|[[Miroslav Blažević]]|''[[Snježno kraljevstvo]]''|''[[Helicobacter pylori]]''|''[[Spužva Bob Skockani]]''|[[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine Justinijanove i Heraklijeve dinastije]]|[[Angola]]|[[Terminator (1984)|''Terminator'' (1984)]]|[[Josip Broz Tito]]|''[[Dookie]]''|[[Zvornik]]|[[Slavko Avsenik]]|[[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen]]|''[[Sonic Adventure]]''|''[[Zemlja nomada]]''|[[Košarka na Olimpijskim igrama]]|[[Nimrod (album)|''Nimrod'' (album)]]|[[Silovanja u ratu u Bosni i Hercegovini]]|[[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog]]}} |} == Korisnička odlikovanja na Wikipediji == Korisnička odlikovanja jesu lična priznanja koja su kreirali korisnici Wikipedije, te ne spadaju u zvanične nagrade Wikipedije na bosanskom jeziku. Svaki registrirani korisnik može kreirati vlastita odlikovanja. Namijenjena su odavanju priznanja korisnicima za određene aktivnosti s ciljem jačanja vikipedijskog duha i motivacije korisnika za daljnji rad. === Odlikovanja [[Korisnik:Emir Kotromanić|Emira Kotromanića]] === {| {{Prettytable}} |- align="center" style="background:#FFEBAD;" !Odlikovanje za doprinos promociji bosanskog jezika na Wikipediji !Odlikovanje wiki-udarnik !Odlikovanje porcija ćevapa |-align="center" |[[Slika:Odlikovanje bosanski.jpg|150px]] |[[Slika:Odlikovanje udarnik.jpg|150px]] |[[Slika:Odlikovanje cevapi.jpg|150px]] |-align="center" |<small>Odlikovanje za doprinos promociji bosanskog jezika na Wikipediji dodjeljuje upravnik [[Korisnik:Emir Kotromanić|Emir Kotromanić]] prema ličnoj procjeni ili na sugestiju ostalih upravnika ili administratora, onim korisnicima koji su dali značajan doprinos razvoju članaka na Wikipediji na bosanskom jeziku ili su promovisali bosanski jezik na drugim Wikipedijama </small> |<small>Odlikovanje wiki-udarnik dodjeljuje upravnik [[Korisnik:Emir Kotromanić|Emir Kotromanić]] prema ličnoj procjeni ili na sugestiju ostalih upravnika ili administratora, onim korisnicima koji su se posebno istakli svojim nesebičnim i požrtvovanim radom na bosanskoj Wikipediji.</small> |<small>Odlikovanje porcija ćevapa dodjeljuje upravnik [[Korisnik:Emir Kotromanić|Emir Kotromanić]] prema ličnoj procjeni u duhu komšiluka onim korisnicima koji su se istakli svojom tolerancijom, saradnjom, te naporima u razvoju bosanske vikipedijske zajednice ili nekim posebnim doprinosom. |-align="center" |<small><nowiki>[[Slika:Odlikovanje bosanski.jpg|mini|lijevo|150px|Odlikovanje za doprinos promociji bosanskoga jezika na Wikipediji [[Korisnik:Emir Kotromanić|(EK)]]]]</nowiki></small> |<small><nowiki>[[Slika:Odlikovanje udarnik.jpg|mini|lijevo|150px|Odlikovanje wiki-udarnik za požrtvovan rad na bosanskoj Wikipediji [[Korisnik:Emir Kotromanić|(EK)]]]]</nowiki></small> |<small><nowiki>[[Slika:Odlikovanje cevapi.jpg|mini|lijevo|150px|Odlikovanje porcija ćevapa u duhu komšiluka [[Korisnik:Emir Kotromanić|(EK)]]]]</nowiki></small> |} === [[Korisnik:Kahriman|Kahriman]]ove medalje === {{:Korisnik:Kahriman/Odlikovanja}} === [[Korisnik:Kal-El~bswiki|Kal-El]]ove medalje === {{:Korisnik:Kal-El~bswiki/Odlikovanja}} === [[Korisnik:Demicx|Demicxova]] odlikovanja === {{:Korisnik:Demicx/Odlikovanja}} === [[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]] nagrade === {| {{Prettytable}} |- align="center" style="background:#FFEBAD;" !C3r4-ina nagrada za doprinos Wikipediji |-align="center" |[[Datoteka:C3r4 nagrada.png|150px]] |-align="center" |<small>Nagrada koju dodjeljuje [[Korisnik:C3r4]] po vlastitom mišljenju korisnicima<br> koji u velikoj mjeri, nesebično doprinose Wikipediji na bosanskom jeziku</small> |} === [[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel]] nagrade === <!-- KOD: Datoteka:Librarian Barnstar Hires.png|<center><small>Odabrani članak mjeseca: <br /> (MJESEC GODINA) <br /> '''''"ČLANAK"'''''</small> --> {| {{Prettytable}} |- align="center" style="background:#FFEBAD;" ! |- align="center" |[[Datoteka:Librarian Barnstar Hires.png|150px]] |- align="center" |<small> Nagrada koju dodjeljuje [[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel]]<br /> urednicima koji su u velikoj mjeri doprinijeli<br /> istaknutom članku mjeseca</small> |- |} {{Commonscat|High-resolution barnstars}} [[Kategorija:Wikinagrade|Nagrade]] jhqdrz2pnedd7z8u6e5xv4zz6sdfuo6 4 19126 3427024 3426421 2022-08-02T10:08:33Z BPipal (WMF) 133644 /* Izbori za Odbor povjerenika -- Kandidati za povjerenike */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{IW Čaršija}} {{Čaršija|extra=da|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starije rasprave možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> '''Dobro došli na Wikipedijinu čaršiju!''' Na ovoj stranici projekta Wikipedije možete porazgovarati o svim temama koje se tiču rada na Wikipediji i postaviti sva pitanja za koja smatrate da zaslužuju pažnju. Osnovni kriterij je da postavite pitanje u jednu od tematskih podgrupa čaršije. Ako niste sigurni u koju grupu spada Vaše pitanje, onda ga postavite ovdje. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Postavi novi komentar|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #d33682; border: #d33682; color:white;}} </div> }} __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Korisnik:EdinBot/Arhivirati |brojač = 31 |bez_šablona = da |indeks = Wikipedia:Čaršija/Arhive |zaglavlje_arhive = {{RazgovorArhiva}} |min_tema_ostaviti = 3 |maks_starost_teme = staro(30d) |arhiva = Wikipedia:Čaršija/Arhiva %(brojač)d }} {{prečica|WP:Č}} __SADRŽAJ__ == Ratifikacija Smjernica za implementaciju UCoC-a - Naredni koraci == Zdravo svima!<br> Prije dvije sedmice, prilikom objavljivanja rezultata, ukazao sam na [https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Čaršija/Arhiva_33#Rezultati_glasanja_o_Smjernicama_za_provođenje_UCoC-a moguće ishode glasanja o Smjernicama za sprovođenje UCoC-a]. Nakon pregleda rezultata glasanja i popratnih komentara, Komitet za pitanja zajednica odlučio je pokrenuti novi krug konsultacija sa zajednicom. Nakon toga, prečišćeni tekst Smjernica bit će stavljen na ponovno glasanje. Komentari su pokazali da članovi zajednice nedvosmisleno podržavaju stvaranje sigurne kulture dobrodošlice koja zaustavlja neprijateljsko i toksično ponašanje, podržava žrtve takvih radnji i ohrabruje dobronamjerne ljude da budu produktivni na projektima Wikimedia. Iako su rezultati pokazali da je podrška Smjernicama UCoC-a premašila potrebnih 50%+1 glas, komentari su ukazali da će biti potrebne daljnje revizije kako bi se dobila snažna podrška zajednice za implementaciju UCoC-a.<br> Stoga je Komitet zadužio Fondaciju da: * Sprovede još jedan krug konsultacija sa zajednicom, i * stavi novo-pročišćene Smjernice na glasanje. Tim WMF-a će tražiti povratne informacije o četiri teme koje su se istakle među komentarima birača.<br> Više informacija o četiri teme i zaključcima Komiteta možete pronaći [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/April_2022_-_Board_of_Trustees_on_Next_steps:_Universal_Code_of_Conduct_(UCoC)_and_UCoC_Enforcement_Guidelines/hr na ovoj Meta stranici] (na hrvatskom jeziku).<br> <br> Srdačan pozdrav,<br> --[[Korisnik:BPipal (WMF)|BPipal (WMF)]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:BPipal (WMF)|razgovor]]) 18:02, 20 april 2022 (CEST)<br> Facilitator, SEE<br> Movement Strategy and Governance<br> Wikimedia Foundation == Year user pageviews for bswiki == {| style="text-align:right" class="wikitable sortable" |+ Cumulative user pageviews for bswiki articles in Main space !'''Project'''!!2016!!2017!!2018!!2019!!2020!!2021 |- |Pageviews||36&nbsp;496&nbsp;291||37&nbsp;007&nbsp;115||37&nbsp;356&nbsp;054||37&nbsp;804&nbsp;431||44&nbsp;111&nbsp;715||42&nbsp;476&nbsp;010 |- |'''Pages'''|||68&nbsp;309||73&nbsp;856||76&nbsp;806||80&nbsp;019||83&nbsp;687||88&nbsp;868 |} :<i style="font-size:0.9em">[http://krehel.sk/user_pageviews/ 🔗 Source and more.]</i> ✍️ [[Korisnik:Dušan Kreheľ|Dušan Kreheľ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Dušan Kreheľ|razgovor]]) 21:14, 23 april 2022 (CEST) == Kratki članci == Bojim se da onaj projekt čišćenja nije ni blizu kraja s obzirom na [https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posebno:Kratke_stranice ovo]. Možemo izuzeti članke o godinama i decenijama (kojih je daleko najviše), ali opet ostaje ihahaj kratkih. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 13:38, 24 april 2022 (CEST) : {{Spomeni|KWiki}} Ako se dobro sjećam mislim da sam u generisanju spiska za kratke članke dosta tih stvari izbacio da nebi baš sve ušlo na spisak. Jeli se o tome ovdje radi? :) -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 12:24, 17 maj 2022 (CEST) ::De ti samo aktiviraj bota da osvježi sve one spiskove. :-) Bolan, pa gdje si? :-) Sve OK? A ovo: pa rekli smo onda: borba protiv (pre)kratkih članaka. [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:37, 17 maj 2022 (CEST) ::: Ma sve ok! Dobre stvari se dešavaju, tako da se nema šta žaliti. :) Kako ti? Vidim ja ko ovdje čuva wiki kad nas pojedinaca nema. ;) ::: Mislim da su stvari "zahrđale" oko skripti što sam onda pravio; trebalo bi to sve počistiti i na novo krenuti. Ali nevjerujem da ću u skorije vrijeme išta stim jer sam fokusiran na neke privatne stvari. ::: Kakvo je trenutno stanje? Jesam li šta važno propustio? -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 11:33, 18 maj 2022 (CEST) ::::Ne znam najbolje, nisam ni ja bio aktivan jedan period. :-) Samo neka je sve OK. [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 13:35, 18 maj 2022 (CEST) == Fotografije na wikipediji članku == Pozdrav ljudi. Na koji način mogu dokazati da je fotografija, slika ili banner moja da mi je admini ne obrisu sa članka ? Novi sam u ovome svemu tako da bih volio da mi objasnite kao laiku... Unaprijed hvala svima !!! {{Nepotpisan|Charge82|16:57, 2022-04-25}} : {{Ping|Charge82}} [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Upload&uselang=ownwork Tu] se sve piše. ✍️ [[Korisnik:Dušan Kreheľ|Dušan Kreheľ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Dušan Kreheľ|razgovor]]) 18:38, 25 april 2022 (CEST) :Hvala puno. [[Korisnik:Charge82|Charge82]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Charge82|razgovor]]) 19:12, 25 april 2022 (CEST) == New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now - April 2022 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Hello Wikimedians! [[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]] [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] has free access to new paywalled reliable sources. You can these and dozens more collections at https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/: * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/128/ Wiley]''' – journals, books, and research resources, covering life, health, social, and physical sciences * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/125/ OECD]''' – OECD iLibrary, Data, and Multimedia​​ published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development * '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/129/ SPIE Digital Library]''' – journals and eBooks on optics and photonics applied research Many other sources are freely available for experienced editors, including collections which recently became accessible to all eligible editors: Cambridge University Press, BMJ, AAAS, Érudit and more. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: log in today! <br>--The Wikipedia Library Team 15:16, 26 april 2022 (CEST) :<small>This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].</small> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&oldid=23036656 --> : Ovo je super! -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 12:31, 17 maj 2022 (CEST) == Izbori za Odbor povjerenika 2022: Poziv za kandidate == '''Vrijeme je za izbore!''' : ::{| class="wikitable" | Ove godine, zajednica i podružnice zajednički odlučuju o dva mjesta u Odboru povjerenika Fondacije Wikimedia.<br> '''Ako želite postati kandidat za funkciju Povjerenika, pažljivo pročitajte sve informacije [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Apply_to_be_a_Candidate/sh na ovoj Meta stranici], a zatim podnesite prijavu.''' |- | Povjerenike kojima istječe mandat i čija mesta trebaju biti popunjena ove godine, izabrale su podružnice u [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Affiliate-selected_Board_seats/2019 procesu odabira iz 2019]. |- | Odbor povjerenika nadzire rad Fondacije Wikimedia. Odbor čine povjerenici koje bira zajednica-i-podružnice i povjerenici koje imenuje Odbor. Svaki povjerenik ima mandat od tri godine. Zajednica Wikimedia može glasati za povjerenike iz zajednice-i-podružnica. Ovi izbori su prilika za poboljšanje zastupljenosti, raznolikosti i stručnosti Odbora kao tima. Molimo vas da razmislite o podnošenju vaše kandidature za članstvo u Odboru povjerenika. – [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Announcement/Call_for_Candidates/sh Pročitajte cijelo priopćenje Izborne komisije i Odbora povjerenika]. |} ---------------- '''Ovogodišnji izbori se će se obavljati prema sledećem sistemu:''' # Kandidati predaju prijave (do 16. maja).<br> Svaki član zajednice može postati kandidat ukoliko ispunjava opšte i posebne uslove navedene [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Apply_to_be_a_Candidate/sh#Prihvatljivost na ovoj stranici]. # Podružnice i grupe će svojim glasovima izabrati 6 (šest) kandidata. <br> Svaka podružnica i grupa nosi po jedan glas. Glasanje podružnica održaće se početkom jula. # Zajednica će glasanjem izabrati 2 (dva) od šest kandidata koji su dobili dovoljno glasova podružnica.<br> '''Planirano je da se glasanje u zajednici održi od 15. do 29. avgusta.''' # Odbor će imenovati dva izabrana kandidata za nove povjerenike.<br> Planirano je da ovaj posljednji korak, kojim se završava izborni proces, bude održan početkom oktobra. ---------------- : '''Izborni volonteri:''' :: Želite li učestvovati u izbornom procesu kao [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Election_Volunteers/About/sh izborni volonter]? Sve što trebate su osnovne komunikacijske vještine i dobro poznavanje vaše zajednice. Ne morate imati iskustvo na izborima. Izborni volonteri pomažu u promovisanju izbora u svojoj zajednici. Prethodno se registrujte [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Election_Volunteers/Aboutsh#Postanite_izborni_volonter na ovoj Meta stranici] ili me kontaktirajte putem e-pošte. ---------------- Srdačno,<br> --[[Korisnik:BPipal (WMF)|BPipal (WMF)]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:BPipal (WMF)|razgovor]]) 18:08, 26 april 2022 (CEST)<br> Facilitator, SEE<br> Movement Strategy and Governance<br> Wikimedia Foundation <br> ==== Rok za podnošenje prijava je produžen do 16. maja ==== --[[Korisnik:BPipal (WMF)|BPipal (WMF)]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:BPipal (WMF)|razgovor]]) 12:00, 10 maj 2022 (CEST) == Coming soon: Improvements for templates == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <!--T:11--> [[File:Overview of changes in the VisualEditor template dialog by WMDE Technical Wishes.webm|thumb|Fundamental changes in the template dialog.]] Hello, more changes around templates are coming to your wiki soon: The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|'''template dialog''' in VisualEditor]] and in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 Wikitext Editor]] (beta) will be '''improved fundamentally''': This should help users understand better what the template expects, how to navigate the template, and how to add parameters. * [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|talk page]] In '''syntax highlighting''' ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] extension), you can activate a '''colorblind-friendly''' color scheme with a user setting. * [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting#Color-blind_mode|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|talk page]] Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes']] focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]”. We would love to hear your feedback on our talk pages! </div> -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 13:13, 29 april 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&oldid=23222263 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Editing news 2022 #1</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="message"/><i>[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2022/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]</i> [[File:Junior Contributor New Topic Tool Completion Rate.png|thumb|New editors were more successful with this new tool.]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New discussion tool|New topic tool]] helps editors create new ==Sections== on discussion pages. New editors are more successful with this new tool. You can [[mw:Talk pages project/New topic#21 April 2022|read the report]]. Soon, the Editing team will offer this to all editors at the 20 Wikipedias that participated in the test. You will be able to turn it off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].<section end="message"/> </div> [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] 20:54, 2 maj 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&oldid=22019984 --> == Kartographer update == ''Apologies for writing in English.'' Hello, a few weeks ago, I wrote here on the Čaršija [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:%C4%8Car%C5%A1ija&oldid=3408615#Kartographer_coming_soon_to_your_wiki about issues with Kartographer and FlaggedRevisions]. Today I have a little update: We expect these issues to be solved on this wiki tomorrow, May 10, [[wikitech:Deployments#deploycal-item-20220510T1300|around 14:00 UTC]]. Here’s our [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation|project page with more information]]. – Best, [[Korisnik:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|razgovor]]) 15:36, 9 maj 2022 (CEST) == CEE Spring 2022 na HBS Wikivoyage == HBS Wikivodič koji je napredovao u fazi inkubacije do prvih nekoliko članaka treba vašu pomoć. Uključite se u akciju prevođenja i izrade novih članka iz šire regije kao dio kampanje CEE Spring 2022 i zaslužite nagrade ili poklone zahvale. https://w.wiki/5BeX U slučaju da zajedno napravimo oko 100 članaka u sljedećih mjesec dana projekt može kandidatirati za osamostaljenje iz inkubatora! --[[Korisnik:Zblace|Zblace]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zblace|razgovor]]) 16:02, 20 maj 2022 (CEST) :Podsjetnik danas je zadnji dan da napravite članak i da vaš rad uđe u CEE Spring 2022 natjecateljsku i Incubator statistike za ovaj mjesec [[incubator:Wy/hbs/Wikivodič:CEE_Spring_2022#Napisani_%C4%8Dlanci|https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wy/hbs/Wikivodič:CEE_Spring_2022#Napisani_članci]] --[[Korisnik:Zblace|Zblace]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zblace|razgovor]]) 10:02, 31 maj 2022 (CEST) ::Još 2 ponedeljka do kraja CEE Springa 2022 akcije na Incubatoru Wy/hbs... ::a onda probam loviti i statistiku za osamostaljivanje ;-p ::Ako se želite pridružiti a nemate ideju za članak, probajte prevesti ::https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wy/hbs/Turska ::-- [[Korisnik:Zblace|Zblace]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zblace|razgovor]]) 10:04, 7 juni 2022 (CEST) == Novosti o Smjernicama za implementaciju UCoC-a == Zdravo svima!<br> Dozvolite mi da podijelim vijesti o temi važnoj za svakog Wikimedijanca:<br> Nakon '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|glasanja]]''' o Smjernicama za implementaciju UCoC-a, '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Komitet za pitanja zajednice (CAC)]]''' Odbora povjerenika zatražio je da se nekoliko područja Smjernica revidira radi poboljšanja.<br> Nakon analize komentara članova zajednice koji su učestvovali u glasanju, CAC je odlučio pokrenuti još jedan krug konsultacija sa zajednicom. Po završetku ovih konsultacija, zajednica će imati priliku da glasa o revidiranim Smjernicama za implementaciju UCoC-a. Prema analizi, komentari su istakli tri kritične grupe pitanja: # O (obaveznoj) obuci u primjeni UCoC-a i njegovih Smjernica; # O balansiranju zaštite privatnosti i pravičnog postupanja; # O zahtjevu da određene grupe korisnika potvrde da će priznati i pridržavati se Univerzalnog kodeksa ponašanja.<br> '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Revisions_Committee|Komitet za reviziju]]''' vas moli da svoje odgovore i komentare ostavite '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|na ovoj Meta stranici]]'''.<br> Izvještaj i analizu komentara možete pročitati '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting/Report|ovdje]].''' <br> == Regionalne konsultacije == : Tokom naredne sedmice, održaće se prve regionalne konsultacije. ==== Predloženi termini i teme: ==== ''Konsultacije će se voditi na bosanskom/hrvatskom/srpskom jeziku preko Google Meet platforme.'' * Izaberite termin koji vam najviše odgovara, a zatim... * pošaljite e-mail poruku na: ''bpipal-ctr@wikimedia.org'' kako biste dobili pozivnicu i kôd za pristup.'' # '''Termin: Četvrtak, 09.06.2022. od 17-18h # '''Termin: Subota, 11.06.2022. od 13-14h '''Teme za diskusiju:'''<br> # [[M:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Revision_discussions|Univerzalni kodeks ponašanja (UCoC) i Smjernice za implementaciju. Kuda nakon glasanja?]] # [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022|Izbori za Odbor povjerenika (BoT)]] # Ideje zajednice : Svoj predlog teme možete ostaviti ovdje ili na mojoj stranici za razgovor. <br> Srdačan pozdrav,<br> --[[Korisnik:BPipal (WMF)|BPipal (WMF)]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:BPipal (WMF)|razgovor]]) 11:04, 4 juni 2022 (CEST)<br> Facilitaror, SEE<br> Movement Strategy and Governance<br> Wikimedia Foundation<br> == Invitation to participate in the #WPWPCampaign 2022 == Dear Wikimedians, We are glad to inform you that the 2022 edition of Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos campaign is coming up in July. This is a formal invitation to invite individuals and communities to join the campaign to help improve Wikipedia articles with photos and contextual images. The campaign will run from July 1 to August 31, 2022 and several communities and Wikimedia Affiliates have already indicated interest to organize the campaign in their localities. Please find your community or community closer to you to participate: [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2022/Participating Communities|WPWP2022 Campaign: Participating Communities]]. The campaign primarily aims to promote using images from Wikimedia Commons to enrich Wikipedia articles that are lacking them. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photos, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years. In this third edition of the campaign, eligibility criteria have been revised based on feedback and campaign Evaluation Reports of the previous editions. Please find more [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2022/FAQ and Contest Rules|details about these changes and our FAQ here on Meta-Wiki]] For more information, please visit the [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2022|campaign page on Meta-Wiki]]. Best,<br/> [[User:Ammarpad|Ammar A.]]<br/> Global Coordinator<br/> Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Campaign 2022.<br /> 19:38, 31 maj 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Martin Urbanec@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_Pages_Wanting_Photos/Distribution_list&oldid=23230284 --> == Forum strategije pokreta == Zdravo svima! Želio bih vas pozvati da isprobate našu novu platformu za diskusiju, '''[https://forum.movement-strategy.org Movement Strategy Forum]''' (Forum strategije pokreta).<br> : '''MS Forum je prvo istinski višejezično mjesto gde se Wikimedijanci mogu okupiti i razgovarati o svim stvarima u vezi sa strateškim ciljevima našeg pokreta.''' Njegova ključna prednost u odnosu na bilo koju drugu platformu poput Telegrama ili WhatsAppa je da se pod istim krovom okupe volonteri koji govore različite jezike i dolaze iz različitih Wikimedijinih projekata, ali dijele interes za slične teme. MS Forum nastoji da rješi dva ključna pitanja koja utiču na nedovoljno zastupljene zajednice: fragmentaciju diskusija i jezičku barijeru.<br> Možda ćete reći: "Nemam mnogo vremena; zašto bih ga koristio da razgovaram o stvarima koje nemaju mnogo veze s mojim primarnim radom na Wikipediji?"<br> Svjesni smo koliko su dragocjeni vaše volontersko vrijeme i doprinosi. Teme otvorene za diskusiju na MS Forumu zaista jesu globalne, ali su i veoma lokalne po tome kako utiču na rad svakog saradnika i svake Wikimedijine zajednice. Na primjer, možda biste željeli započeti raspravu o tome koji je problem s kojim se volonteri u vašoj zajednici suočavaju a koji želite da riješite ili pomognete da bude rješen do 2030. godine? [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/by-2030-what-is-one-problem-facing-african-volunteers-you-wish-to-have-solved-or-helped-solve-and-why/140 Slična debata] o pitanjima u afričkim zajednicama privukla je desetine odgovora iz različitih dijelova svijeta. Čitajući diskusije, možda ćete otkriti kako jezici možda jesu strani, ali su mnogi problemi vrlo domaći.<br> * MS Forum ne zahtjeva registraciju. * Potreban vam je samo vaš Wikimedia nalog sa verifikovanom e-mail adresom. Nadam se da ce vam diskusije biti zanimljive.<br> Slobodno pišite na svom maternjem jeziku.<br> Srdacan pozdrav,<br> --[[Korisnik:BPipal (WMF)|BPipal (WMF)]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:BPipal (WMF)|razgovor]]) 14:55, 2 juni 2022 (CEST)<br> Facilitator, SEE<br> Movement Strategy and Governance<br> Wikimedia Foundation == Natjecanje proljeće 2022 == Ne mogu pronać rezeltte takmičenja proljeće 2022. Ako su izašli rezultati volio bih da mi netko da link. Hvala [[Korisnik:Grginović Šime |<span style="color:red;">GR</span><span style="color:orange;">GINOV</span><span style="color:red;">IĆ</span>]] [[Razgovor sa suradnikom:Mocira|<span style="color:green;">ŠIME</span>]] 20:13, 17 juni 2022 (CEST) :@[[Korisnik:Grginović Šime|Grginović Šime]]: Je li ovo [[Wikipedia:CEE Proljeće 2022.]]? [[Korisnik:Dušan Kreheľ|Dušan Kreheľ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Dušan Kreheľ|razgovor]]) 21:36, 17 juni 2022 (CEST) ::Da, to je to. Napisali smo 267 članaka i završili na 14/24. mjestu. Lijep rezultat s obzirom na to koliko nas je učestvovalo. [[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 10:36, 18 juni 2022 (CEST) ::To je to , ali nije link na rezultate.za rezultate po državama wikipedije. [[Korisnik:Grginović Šime |<span style="color:red;">GR</span><span style="color:orange;">GINOV</span><span style="color:red;">IĆ</span>]] [[Razgovor sa suradnikom:Mocira|<span style="color:green;">ŠIME</span>]] 13:09, 18 juni 2022 (CEST) :::Rezultati su pod podnaslovom Statistika. [[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 13:14, 18 juni 2022 (CEST) ::::Hvala [[Korisnik:Grginović Šime |<span style="color:red;">GR</span><span style="color:orange;">GINOV</span><span style="color:red;">IĆ</span>]] [[Razgovor sa suradnikom:Mocira|<span style="color:green;">ŠIME</span>]] 17:44, 21 juni 2022 (CEST) == Molba == Zamolio bih nekog od aministratora da vrati stranicu o Vedadu Hadžiabdiću, pa da je malo doradim. [[Korisnik:Nerko65|Nerko65]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Nerko65|razgovor]]) 14:30, 20 juni 2022 (CEST) :Samo ukucaj ime u tražilicu i klikni na crveni link. ;-) Nije ni bilo sadržaja osim "Mjesto rodjenja-Zenica". – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 14:35, 20 juni 2022 (CEST) == Šabloni za plivanje == Trebaju nam ova četiri: Šablon:Swimmingrecordlisttop, Šablon:Swimmingrecord, Šablon:Swimmingrecordrelay, Šablon:Swimmingrecordlegend. [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 13:04, 22 juni 2022 (CEST) == Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2022 == Zdravo svima, Kako je Fondacija odobrila organiziranje konferencije u živo, ove godine Wikimedia CEE Meeting održaće se u Ohridu, 14-16 oktobar 2022. Za učesnike iz Bosne imamo rezervirana 2 mesta. Zamolila bih da se dogovorite koja dva pretstavnika bosanske Vikipedije bi poslali na konferenciju u Ohridu. Link na koji možete da pročitate više informacija, kao i link za prijavljivanje učesnika je [[:m:Wikimedia_CEE_Meeting_2022/Participants/List#Registration|na meti]]. Pozdrav iz Makedonije, - [[Korisnik:Виолетова|Виолетова]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Виолетова|razgovor]]) 08:49, 10 juli 2022 (CEST) : {{ping|Виолетова}}: Hvala na pozivu i u ime Wikipedije na bosanskom jeziku, sve najbolje u organizaciji mitinga! --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 11:39, 10 juli 2022 (CEST) === Prijedlozi === Osim glasanja, trebali bi se dogovoriti, koliko dugo traje, te da se predloženi izjasne o tome da li su zainterisirani za miting! ==== [[User:Srđan|Srđan]] ==== * {{za}} --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 11:39, 10 juli 2022 (CEST) ==== [[User:KWiki|KWiki]] ==== * {{za}} --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 11:39, 10 juli 2022 (CEST) *:Ništa od mene. Po trenutnom sistemu, od ta tri dana kači me posao ili petak ili vikend. [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:13, 10 juli 2022 (CEST) ==== [[User:Mhare|Mhare]] ==== * {{za}} --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 11:39, 10 juli 2022 (CEST) ==== [[User:Nerko65|Nerko65]] ==== * {{za}} --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 11:39, 10 juli 2022 (CEST) Zahvaljujem na pozivu da prisustvujem sastanku wikipedijanaca u Ohridu, ali neću moći nikako ove godine. Kalendar za septembar i oktobar već je popunjen, tako da od posla neću moći nigdje da putujem "preko bare". Vjerovatno naredne godine. Lijep pozdrav. [[Korisnik:Nerko65|Nerko65]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Nerko65|razgovor]]) 20:34, 26 juli 2022 (CEST) ==== [[User:Semso98|Semso98 ]] ==== * {{za}} --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 11:39, 10 juli 2022 (CEST) == Izbori za Odbor povjerenika 2022. -- Izborni kompas == Zdravo svima! Period glasanja zajednice za [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022|Odbor povjerenika 2022.]] trajaće '''od 16. do 30. avgusta. '''Nakon što podružnice naprave uži izbor od šest (6) kandidata, članovi Wikimedijine zajednice će svojim glasovima izabrati dvoje koji će postati novi Povjerenici Fondacije Wikimedia. Kako bismo izborni proces učinili jasnijim i jednostavnijim, a članovima zajednice olakšali odlučivanje o kandidatima koje žele podržati, pripremili smo alat pod nazivom '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/ Community_Voting/Election_Compass|Izborni kompas]] '''. '''Kako radi Izborni kompas?'''<br> Izborni kompas je alat koji pomaže biračima da izaberu kandidate koji najbolje odgovaraju njihovim uvjerenjima i stavovima. Članovi zajednice predložiće [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|izjave]] na koje će kandidati odgovoriti pomoću Lickertove skale (slažem se/neutralno/ne slažem se). Odgovori kandidata na izjave će biti učitani u Izborni kompas. Glasači će koristiti kompas tako što će odgovarati na tvrdnje (slažem se/neutralno/ne slažem se). Rezultati će prikazati kandidate čiji se stavovi u najvećoj mjeri poklapaju s uvjerenjima i stavovima birača. '''Proces i vremenski raspored''' * '''8. - 20. jula:''' Članovi zajednice predlažu izjave za Izborni kompas; * '''21.-22. jula:''' Izborna komisija pregleda izjave radi jasnoće i uklanja one koje se ne odnose na temu; * '''25. jula - 3. avgusta:''' Članovi zajednice pozvani su da glasaju o izjavama; * '''4. avgusta:''' Izborna komisija bira 15 najboljih izjava; * '''5.-12. avgusta:''' Kandidati se usklađuju s izjavama; * '''16. avgusta:''' Izborni kompas otvoren je za birače. Srdačno,<br> [[Korisnik:BPipal (WMF)|BPipal (WMF)]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:BPipal (WMF)|razgovor]]) 16:53, 13 juli 2022 (CEST) == Izašao je sedmi broj Biltena Strategije i upravljanja pokretom == Bilten distribuira relevantne vijesti i događaje o provođenju Wikimedijinih [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives|Preporuka strategije pokreta]], drugim relevantnim temama u vezi s upravljanjem pokretom, kao i različitim projektima i aktivnostima koje podržava tim za Strategiju i upravljanje pokretom (MSG) Fondacije Wikimedia. ---- </div><div style="margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;"> * '''Održivost pokreta''': Objavljen je godišnji izvještaj o održivosti Fondacije Wikimedia. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A1|nastavi čitati]]) * '''Poboljšanje korisničkog iskustva''': Nedavna poboljšanja interfejsa radne površine za Wikimedijine projekte. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A2|nastavi čitati]]) * '''Sigurnost i inkluzija''': Ažuriranja procesa revizije Smjernica za provođenje Univerzalnog kodeksa ponašanja. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A3|nastavi čitati]]) * '''Pravednost u donošenju odluka''': Izvještaji iz razgovora o pilot programima Hubova, nedavni napredak Odbora za izradu Povelje pokreta i nova bijela knjiga o budućnosti sudjelovanja u Wikimedijinom pokretu. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A4|nastavi čitati]]) * '''Koordinacija zainteresiranih strana''': Pokretanje službe za pomoć podružnicama i volonterskim zajednicama koje rade na partnerstvu u kreiranju sadržaja. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A5|nastavi čitati]]) * '''Razvoj liderstva''': Novosti o projektima liderstva organizatora Wikimedia pokreta u Brazilu i na Zelenortskim Ostrvima. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A6|nastavi čitati]]) * '''Interno upravljanje znanjem''': Pokretanje novog portala za tehničku dokumentaciju i resurse zajednice. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A7|nastavi čitati]]) * '''Inoviranje u slobodnom znanju''': Audiovizuelni izvori visokog kvaliteta za naučne eksperimente i novi alat za snimanje usmenih transkripata. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A8|nastavi čitati]]) * '''Procijeniti, ponoviti i prilagoditi''': Rezultati pilot projekta Equity Landscape ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A9|nastavite čitati]]) * '''Ostale vijesti i ažuriranja''': novi forum za raspravu o provođenju Strategije pokreta, nadolazeći izbor Odbora povjerenika Zaklade Wikimedia, novi podcast za raspravu o Strategiji pokreta i promjena osoblja u MSG timu. ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Newsletter/7#A10|nastavi čitati]]) </div><section end="msg-newsletter"/> ----<br> Srdačno<br> [[Korisnik:BPipal (WMF)|BPipal (WMF)]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:BPipal (WMF)|razgovor]]) 01:27, 26 juli 2022 (CEST) == Molba == Zamolio bih nekog od aministratora da vrati stranice o albumima Divljih jagoda, pa da ih malo doradim. [[Korisnik:Nerko65|Nerko65]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Nerko65|razgovor]]) 20:09, 26 juli 2022 (CEST) :Sređeno!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 20:22, 26 juli 2022 (CEST) Viel Dank die Legende! [[Korisnik:Nerko65|Nerko65]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Nerko65|razgovor]]) 20:27, 26 juli 2022 (CEST) :Pozdrav iz Danske! [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 21:09, 26 juli 2022 (CEST) == Izbori za Odbor povjerenika -- Kandidati za povjerenike == Zdravo svima, : '''Predstavnici podružnica su [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|završili glasanje]].''' <br /> : '''Izabrani kandidati za Odbor povjerenika za 2022. godinu su:''' :* Tobechukwu Precious Friday ([[metawiki:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]]) :* Farah Jack Mustaklem ([[metawiki:User:Fjmustak|Fjmustak]]) :* Shani Evenstein Sigalov ([[metawiki:User:Esh77|Esh77]]) :* Kunal Mehta ([[metawiki:User:Legoktm|Legoktm]]) :* Michał Buczyński ([[metawiki:User:Aegis Maelstrom|Aegis Maelstrom]]) :* Mike Peel ([[metawiki:User:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]]) Za više informacija o statistici ovih izbora, pogledajte [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Results|rezultate]] i [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Stats|stranicu na Meta Wiki]]. Hvala članovima zajednice koji su se kandidovali. Kandidatura za Odbor povjerenika nije mala odluka. Vrijeme i prilježnost koju su kandidati do sada pokazali govore o njihovoj posvjećenosti pokretu. Čestitamo kandidatima koji su izabrani. Veliko uvažavanje i zahvalnost izražavamo i prema onim kandidatima koji nisu izabrani. ---- Od ovih šest kandidata, zajednica će svojim glasovima izabrati dva koji će postati novi članovi Odbora povjerenika Fondacije Wikimedia.<br> '''Glasanje zajednice počinje 16. avgusta i traje do 30. avgusta.''' ---- '''Naredni koraci:''' Prije glasanja, saznajte više o stavovima kandidata. To možete učiniti na neki od sljedećih načina: * Pročitajte [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/affiliate-questions-selected-for-the-wikimedia-foundation-board-of-trustees-election-2022/949 odgovore kandidata na pitanja podružnica] * Upotrebite [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass|Izborni kompas]] ** Izborni kompas će biti dostupan od 16. avgusta. ** Do 3. avgusta možete [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Community_Voting/Election_Compass/Statements|glasati za izjave koje će ući u Izborni kompas]]. * Pogledajte [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Campaign_Videos|video poruke kandidata]] ** Video poruke će biti dostupne do početka glasanja u zajednici. * Učestvujte i čitajte razgovore na [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/ Forumu Strategije i upravljanja pokretom] Srdačan pozdrav, [[Korisnik:BPipal (WMF)|BPipal (WMF)]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:BPipal (WMF)|razgovor]]) 15:28, 31 juli 2022 (CEST) m35hgpztxj1g1eizail07k2a1paeae0 0 21122 3426977 3390992 2022-08-01T21:42:23Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 2 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Geokutija|Naselje <!-- *** Gornji dio *** --> | ime = Rabat | izvorno_ime = | drugo_ime = الرِّبَاط | kategorija = Grad <!-- *** Ime **** --> | etimologija = | službeni_naziv = | moto = | nadimak = <!-- *** Slika *** --> | slika = Rabat montage.jpg | opis_slike = Mozaik grada | zastava = | simbol = <!-- *** Države, regije i.t.d *** --> | država = Maroko | zastava_države = da | administrativna_podjela1 = [[Rabat-Salé-Zemmour-Zaer|Salé-Zemmour-Zaer]] | administrativna_podjela1_vrsta = [[Regija]] <!-- *** Položaj i visina *** --> | nadmorska_visina = 53 | širina_stepeni = | širina_minuta = | širina_sekundi = | širina_SJ =N | dužina_stepeni = | dužina_minuta = | dužina_sekundi = | dužina_IZ =W | najviši = | najviša_visina = | najniža = | najniža_visina = <!-- *** Dimenzije *** --> | površina = 117 | površina_zemlje = | površina_vode = | površina_urban = | površina_metro = <!-- *** Stanovništvo *** --> | stanovništvo = 577.827| stanovništvo_datum =2014 | stanovništvo_urban = | stanovništvo_metro = 2.120.192 | stanovništvo_opcina = | stanovništvo_gustoca = | stanovništvo_urban_gustoca = | stanovništvo_opcina_gustoca = | stanovništvo_metro_gustoca = <!-- *** Historija i administracija *** --> | osnovan = 1146. | vlada = | gradonačelnik = | gradonačelnik_partija = <!-- *** Kod *** --> | vremenska_zona = [[UTC±00:00|UTC+0]] | utc_odstupanje = | vremenska_zona_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | poštanski_broj = 10000 | pozivni broj = (+212)-534 | kod = <!-- *** Karta *** --> | karta = Map of Morocco from CIA World Factbook.png | karta_lokacija = <!-- *** Web stranice *** --> | web_stranica = [http://www.rabat.ma/ www.rabat.ma] <!-- *** Bilješka *** --> | bilješka = }} '''Rabat''' ([[arapski]]: الرباط; [[centralnoatlaski tamazight|tamazight]]: ''ar-Rabāṭ'' ili ''ar-Ribāṭje'', što znači "Utvrđena palača"; [[francuski]]: ''Ville de Rabat''; [[španski]]: ''Ciudad de Rabat'') je [[glavni grad]], političko i upravno središte, te treći po veličini grad [[Maroko|Maroka]]. Uz [[Fes (grad)|Fes]], [[Meknès]] i [[Marrakech]], jedan je od četiri „kraljevska grada“ [[Maroko|Maroka]]. == Položaj == Rabat se nalazi na ušću rijeke [[Bou Regreg]] u [[Atlantski okean]], oko 92&nbsp;km od jugozapadno od [[Casablanca|Casablance]] i 280&nbsp;km sjeveroistočno od [[Tanger]]a, i pripada pokrajini [[Rabat-Salé-Zemmour-Zaer]]. S druge strane rijeke nalazi se, uglavnom stambeni, satelitski grad [[Salé]], a s njim i obližnjim gradom [[Temara]] Rabat tvori metropolijsko područje s oko 1,8 miliona stanovnika. == Historija == Rabat su nedaleko od ruševina [[Rimljani|rimskog]] naselja ''Sala Colonia'' (koju su oko [[250.]] god. Rimljani napustili i prepustili lokalnim vladarima<ref name=brit>{{cite web | url =http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/487861/Rabat | title =''Rabat'' | accessdate=29. 1. 2012 | language=engleski | publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica }}</ref>) izgradili kao tvrđavu [[Almohadi]] (12. vijek) u toku borbi sa [[Španci]]ma. Treći [[Almohadi|almohadski]] [[sultan]], [[Jakub al-Mansur]] (oko [[1160.]] - [[1199.]]), preselio je tu svoju prijestolnicu i nazvao je '''Ribat al-Fath''' (''Pobjednička utvrda''), iz tog naziva izvedeno je ime današnjeg grada, Rabat. On je podigao i veliki zid unutar kojeg se razvilo historijsko središte grada, ''Kazba Udaja'' i [[1196.]] godine započeo izgradnju munumentalne [[džamija|džamije]], koja je trebala biti najveća na svijetu, ali ju nije uspio dovršiti jer je u međuvremenu preminuo,<ref name=brit/> od nje je do danas ostao ''Hasnov toranj'', poludovršeni [[minaret]]<ref name=his/>. Od [[13. vijek]]a počela je stagnacija Rabata jer je prijestolnica postao grad [[Fes (grad)|Fes]]. Nakon [[1609.]] godine ujedinjeni gradovi Rabat i [[Salé]], poznati kao ''Sale Jadida'', postali su utočište velikom broju protjeranih [[Andaluzija|andaluzijskih]] [[Mauri|Maura]] iz [[Španija|Španije]]. Oni su [[1627.]] godine osnovali zajedničku državicu poznatu kao ''Bou Regreg'', koja je postala jedno od najjačih uporišta sjevernoafričkih [[Berberski korsari|Berberskih pirata]] koji su opasno ugrozili plovidbu uz afričku obalu, ali i po [[Mediteran]]u. [[Sultan]] [[Ismail Ibn Šarif]] pokušao je [[1672.]] godine smanjiti njihov profit visokim porezima i tako ograničiti njihovu aktivnost, ali je tek odlučna akcija [[Evropa|evropskih]] pomorskih zemalja [[1768.]] godine urodila plodom, tako da je ona gotovo prestala pred kraj [[18. vijek]]a. Piratska država Bou Regreg se raspala [[1818.]] godine, a Rabat je postao ponovno centar [[pirat]]stva, zbog čega ga je [[1829.]] godine bombardirala [[Austrijsko Carstvo|austrijska]] mornarica.<ref name=his/> Godine [[1911.]] okupirali su ga [[Francuzi]] pa je od [[1912.]] godine sjedište francuske kolonijalne uprave ([[Francuski protektorat Maroko]]). Po nalogu francuskog [[guverner]]a, [[general]]a Louisa Huberta Lyauteya, počeo se graditi novi dio Rabata za administaciju, ''Ville Nouvelle'', u stilu francuskih gradova, koji je i danas centar grada<ref name=his/>. Tridesetih godina [[20. vijek]]a žarište je otpora marokanskog naroda [[kolonijalizam|kolonijalizmu]]. Cilj je savezničke invazije u [[novembar|novembru]] [[1942.]] godine. Nakon rata [[Američka vojska|američka ratna avijacija]] preuzelo je bivšu francusku zračnu bazu ''Rabat - Salé'', koja je bila izuzetno značajna kao odskočna daska strateških bombardera [[Boeing B-47|Boeing B-47 Stratojet]]. Godine [[1956.]] postaje glavnim gradom nezavisnog [[Maroko|Maroka]]<ref name=his>{{cite web | url =http://www.africatravelling.net/morocco/rabat/rabat_history.htm | title ='' Rabat - History'' | accessdate=29. 1. 2012 | language =engleski | publisher =Africa Travelling | archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20051110051239/http://africatravelling.net/morocco/rabat/rabat_history.htm | archivedate=10. 11. 2005 | url-status =dead }}</ref>. Nakon što je korišena za intervenciju u [[Libanon]]u [[1958.]] godine, Marokanci su zatražili da Amerikanci napuste bazu Rabat-Salé. Oni su je napustili [[1960.]] godine preselivši strateške bombardere u [[Španija|Španiju]]. == Klima == Rabat ima ugodnu [[Mediteranska klima|Mediteransku klimu]] po [[Köppenova klasifikacija klime|Köppenovoj klasifikaciji klime]], sa blagim [[zima]]ma (prosječno 9,5{{razmak}}°C), toplim [[ljeto|ljetima]] i noćima koje su uvijek svježe.<ref>* http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/africa/mor_al/rabat_e.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309150148/http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/africa/mor_al/rabat_e.htm |date=9. 3. 2012 }}</ref>{{-}} {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;width:100%;border:0px;text-align:center;line-height:120%;" ! style="background: #99CCCC; color: #000080" height="17" |Mjesec ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Jan ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Feb ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Mar ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Apr ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Maj ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Juni ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Juli ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Aug ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Sep ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Okt ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Nov ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" | Dec |- ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" |Prosječna maksimalna temp. °C | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 17.2 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 17.7 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 19.2 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 20.0 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 22.1 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 24.1 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 26.8 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 27.1 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 26.4 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 24.0 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 20.6 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" | 17.7 |- ! style="background: #99CCCC; color:#000080;" height="16;" |Prosječna minimalna temp. °C | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 8.0 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 8.6 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 9.2 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 10.4 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 12.7 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 15.4 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 17.6 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 17.7 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 16.7 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 14.1 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 11.1 | style="background: #FFFFFF; color: black;" | 8.7 |- | colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|''Izvor: [http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/africa/mor_al/rabat_e.htm hko.gov.hk]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309150148/http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/africa/mor_al/rabat_e.htm |date=9. 3. 2012 }} |} == Znamenitosti == Noviji dio Rabata čine moderne četvrti u kojima je i sultanova palača te kraljevski dvor, a okolo se nalaze raskošni parkovi. U starom dijelu Rabata je sačuvano mnoštvo kulturno-historijskih spomenika.<ref>* http://www.najputovanja.com/putovanja-informacije/Maroko/Rabat</ref> *'''Mauzolej Muhameda Petog''', moderan spomenik izgrađen u tradicionalnom marokanskom stilu. Mauzolej je podigao Hasan Drugi svom ocu Muhamedu Petom, inače prvom marokanskom kralju poslije dobijanja nezavisnosti [[1956.]] godine. *'''Toranj Hasan i džamija''', je najpoznatije obilježje Rabata i najambicioznija od svih arhitektonskih lokacija Almohada. Sultan [[Jakub al-Mansur]] otpočeo je izgradnju ovog ogromnog minareta [[1195.]] godine, sa namjerom da postigne visinu od 60 metara, čineći ga najvišim u muslimanskom svijetu. Ova ambiciozna [[džamija]] i [[minaret]], bili su napušteni kada je al-Mansur umro. Danas i dalje stoji na 40 metara. Susjedna džamija je uništena u zemljotresu, a samo nekolicina ponovo podignutih stubova i dalje stoji. Neki od najveličanstvenijih stubova su rimske ruševine, koje su preseljene iz oblasti Volubilisa. Minaret je veličanstven prizor, koji dominira u svakom pogledu na prijestonicu. *'''Bab Oudaia''', je glavna kapija za stari grad i jedno od najupečatljivijih mjesta u Rabatu. Bab Udaja se smatra jednim od najljepših spomenika maorske kulture. Kapiju je izgradio halifa [[Jakub al-Mansur]], [[1195.]] godine. Njena svrha je bila više ceremonijalna nego odbrambena. *'''Muzej i andaluzijski vrt''', muzej umjetnosti [[Maroko|Maroka]] nalazi se u palati Almohad. Palata je sagrađena u [[17. vijek]]u od strane Mulaj Ismaila, prvog Almohad sultana koji je ujedinio zemlju. Muzej prikazuje interesantne eksponate marokanske [[umjetnost]]i i [[kultura|kulture]]. Ogromna centralna terasa, daje pristup privatnim četvrtima i prijemnim sobama koje sadrže eksponate. Postoji dvorana, koja sadrži orijentalne tepihe napravljene u Rabatu i izložbena dvorana za muzičke instrumente i salon rezervisan za običaje i rituale. Andaluzijski vrt u Rabatu je lijepa francuska bašta, a nalazi se u utvrđenju Kazba Udaja. Veran tradiciji [[Andaluzija|Andaluzije]], sa svojim zelenilom i cvijećem, ove bašte čine idealno mjesto za popodnevnu šetnju u bilo kom dijelu godine. Vrt su izgradili [[Francuzi]] u [[20. vijek]]u. *'''Bab al-Rouah''', Zid Almohada, koji vodi skroz od Kazba Udaja u Kraljevskom dvoru u Rabatu. Monumentalan po veličini i skladan u svom dizajnu, nalazi se naspram Hasan tornja. Unutra, kapija ima tri komore, koje su služile kao odbrambeni kompleks. Ovdje se održavaju izložbe i otvorene su za javnost. *'''Arheološki muzej''', najvažniji muzej [[Maroko|Maroka]], u kome možete tragati za [[historija|historijom]] zemlje, još od [[bronzano doba|bronzanog doba]]. Muzej nudi fascinantan prikaz bogate marokanske historije.<ref>* http://putovanjeokosveta.rs/destinacije_grad_detalji.php?&k=115&z=366&g=368 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305013834/http://putovanjeokosveta.rs/destinacije_grad_detalji.php?&k=115&z=366&g=368 |date=5. 3. 2016 }}</ref> <center><gallery> Datoteka:Bab Oudaïa porte de la Kasbah des Oudaias P1060309.JPG|Bab Oudaïa Datoteka:Hassan Tower.jpg|Hassan Tower Datoteka:Bab Rouah2.jpg|Bab-Rouah Gate Datoteka:Marokko 011.jpg|Mauzolej Muhameda Petog </gallery></center> == Sport == U gradu djeluje veliki broj sportskih klubova. Najpopularniji sportovi su [[fudbal]] i [[košarka]]. Najveći stadion u gradu je Prince Moulay Abdellah, izgrađen [[1983.]] godine. Najčešće se koristi za fudbalske utakmice i atletska takmičenja. Kapacitet stadiona je 52.000 gledalaca. === Fudbal === *FAR de Rabat *FUS de Rabat *Stade Marocain *Hilal de Rabat *Union de Touarga *Youssoufia Club de Rabat === Rukomet === * FUS de Rabat * Le Stade Marocain * Les FAR de Rabat === Košarka === *FUS de Rabat *FAR de Rabat *Moghreb de Rabat === Odbojka === *FUS de Rabat *FAR de Rabat *Crédit agricole Rabat == Poznate ličnosti == * [[Bryce Hudson]], slikar * [[Roland Giraud]], glumac * [[Abdellah Taïa]], pisac * [[Dominique de Villepin]], političar * [[Saïd Aït-Bahi]], fudbaler * [[Bouabid Bouden]], fudbaler == Međunarodni odnosi == {|style="width:100%" |- | style="width:50.0%;"| * {{ZD|GRČ}} [[Atina]] * {{ZD|PAL}} [[Betlehem]] * {{ZD|TUR}} [[Bursa]] * {{ZD|TUR}} [[Istanbul]] * {{ZD|SAD}} [[Honolulu]] | style="width:50.0%;"| * {{ZD|POR}} [[Lisabon]] * {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Madrid]] * {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Sevilla]] * {{ZD|ŠVE}} [[Stockholm]] * {{ZD|TUN}} [[Tunis (grad)|Tunis]] |} == Galerija == <center><gallery> Datoteka:Parliament of morocco.jpg|Zgrada parlamenta Datoteka:Marrocos-Kasbah-Oudaya-Rabat-Luis-Filipe-Gaspar.jpg|Rijeka Bou Regreg Datoteka:Rabat, Mohammed V Avenue.jpg|Avenija Mohammed V. Datoteka:Rabat-Salé airport.jpg|Rabat Aerodrom </gallery></center> == Vanjski linkovi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050605001951/http://www.rabat.ma/ Službena stranice] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150724212458/http://www.supporters-asfar.com/ FAR de Rabat] == Reference == {{reference}} {{Glavni gradovi afričkih država}} [[Kategorija:Gradovi u Maroku]] [[Kategorija:Glavni gradovi afričkih država]] [[Kategorija:Gradovi u Africi]] [[Kategorija:Geografija Maroka]] [[Kategorija:Rabat]] gszrfdkamasezcw1xe9tpj226sawgz3 0 26425 3427043 3413688 2022-08-02T11:05:24Z 2A02:908:E33:7760:8959:B372:A565:F6BA wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija fudbalski klub |Boja1 = #000000 |Boja2 = #FFFF00 |Ime kluba = Borussia Dortmund |Puno ime = Ballspielverein Borussia 09 e.V. Dortmund |Grb = Borussia Dortmund logo.svg |Nadimak = |Osnovan = 19. decembar 1909. |Lokacija = [[Dortmund]]<br/>[[Sjeverna Rajna-Vestfalija]]<br/>[[Njemačka]] |Boje = {{colorbox|yellow}} {{colorbox|black}} |Liga = [[Fußball-Bundesliga|Bundesliga]] |Stadion = [[Westfalenstadion]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.stadiumguide.com/westfalenstadion/ |title= Westfalenstadion |website= stadiumguide.com|access-date= 23. 11. 2017}}</ref> |Kapacitet = 81.365 |Predsjednik kluba = {{ZD|NJE}} [[Reinhard Rauball]] |Trener = {{ZD|NJE}} [[Edin Terzić]] |Plasman u prethodnoj sezoni = 2. mjesto |Prethodna sezona = 2021/22 |Webstranica = [https://www.bvb.de/ bvb.de] |Trenutna sezona = |uzorak_lr1 = _bvb2021h |uzorak_t1 = _bvb2021H |uzorak_dr1 = _bvb2021h |uzorak_š1 = _bvb2021h |uzorak_č1 = _bvb2021hl |lijeva ruka1 = FFFF00 |tijelo1 = FFFF00 |desna ruka1 = FFFF00 |šorc1 = 000000 |čarape1 = FFFF00 |uzorak_lr2 = _bvb2021a |uzorak_t2 = _bvb2021a |uzorak_dr2 = _bvb2021a |uzorak_š2 = _barnsley2021t |uzorak_č2 = _psv2021T |lijeva ruka2 = 000000 |tijelo2 = 000000 |desna ruka2 = 000000 |šorc2 = FFFF00 |čarape2 = 000000 |uzorak_lr3 = _bvb2021t |uzorak_t3 = _bvb2021t |uzorak_dr3 = _bvb2021t |uzorak_š3 = _bvb2021t |uzorak_č3 = _bvb2021t |lijeva ruka3 = FFFFFF |tijelo3 = FFFFFF |desna ruka3 = FFFFFF |šorc3 = FFFFFF |čarape3 = FFFFFF }} '''Borussia Dortmund''' [[Njemačka|njemački]] je [[nogomet]]ni klub iz [[Dortmund]]a ([[Sjeverna Rajna-Vestfalija]]). Takmiči se u [[Bundesliga|Bundesligi]], prvom rangu njemačkog nogometa. == Historija == Osnovana je 19. decembra 1909. Osnivači su bili: Franz i Paul Braun, Henry Cleve, Hans Debest, Paul Dziendzielle, Franz, Julius and Wilhelm Jacobi, Hans Kahn, Gustav Müller, Franz Risse, Fritz Schulte, Hans Siebold, August Tönnesmann, Heinrich i Robert Unger, Fritz Weber, Franz Wendt i Benno Elkan. Naziv ''Borussia'' dobila je po [[Latinski jezik|latinskoj]] riječi za [[Pruska|Prusku]]. Sljedećih godina klub je uživao tek u skromnom uspjehu igranja u lokalnim ligama. Godine 1929. bio je na rubu bankrota kad je uprava pokušala pojačati klub dovođenjem nekih plaćenih profesionalnih nogometaša. Godine 1930. tadašnji predsjednik smijenjen je zato što se odbio pridružiti [[NSDAP|nacističkoj stranci]], pa je klub upao u probleme. Nakon [[Drugi svjetski rat|Drugog svjetskog rata]] klub počinje redati uspjehe. Poslije dvije njemačke titule tokom 1950-ih Borussia je bila ne samo jedan od osnivača Bundeslige nego i domaćin osnivačke skupštine. U novu ligu "žuto-crni" su ušli kao prvaci, a postigli su i prvi gol u njenoj historiji. Kup Njemačke prvi put im je pripao 1965, a sljedeće sezone Borussia je u [[Glasgow]]u pobijedila [[Liverpool FC|Liverpool]] s 2:1 i došla do prvog evropskog trofeja. Potom je uslijedila decenija krize, koja je vrhunac dostigla 1978. porazom od [[Borussia Mönchengladbach|Borussije Mönchengladbach]] 12:0. Do novog trofeja Dortmund dolazi tek 1989. osvajanjem nacionalnog kupa. Zahvaljujući treneru [[Ottmar Hitzfeld|Ottmaru Hitzfeldu]] i velikim ulaganjima, kojima su mnogi njemački igrači vraćeni iz [[Italija|Italije]], Borussia je tokom 1990-ih konstantno bila kandidat za titulu, a naslovi su osvojeni 1995. i 1996. Nakon toga u narednih 15 godina u trofejnu salu stigla je samo jedna domaća titula (2002). Finansijska kriza s kojom se Dortmund borio u jednom trenutku zaprijetila je i bankrotom. Ipak, klub se uspio stabilizirati uz pomoć sponzora. Godine 2008. na mjesto šefa stručnog štaba dolazi [[Jürgen Klopp]]. S po dvije titule u prvenstvu i kupu, te plasmanom u [[Finale UEFA Lige prvaka 2013.|finale]] [[UEFA Liga prvaka 2012/2013.|Lige prvaka 2012/13.]] ostavio je dubok trag u klubu. == Uspjesi == * '''Prvenstvo Njemačke''' / '''[[Bundesliga]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Winner.png]] (8)''': 1956, 1957, 1963, 1994/95, 1995/96, 2001/02, 2010/11, 2011/12. * '''[[2. Bundesliga Sjever]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Finalist.png]] (1)''': 1975/76. * '''[[DFB-Pokal]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Winner.png]] (5)''': 1964/65, 1988/89, 2011/12, 2016/17, 2020/21. * '''[[UEFA Liga prvaka|Liga prvaka]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Winner.png]] (1)''': 1996/97. ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Finalist.png]] (1)''': 2012/13. * '''[[UEFA Kup pobjednika kupova|Kup pobjednika kupova]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Winner.png]] (1)''': 1965/66. * '''[[UEFA Evropska liga|Kup UEFA]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Finalist.png]] (2)''': 1992/93, 2001/02. * '''[[UEFA Superkup]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Finalist.png]] (1)''': 1997. * '''[[Interkontinentalni kup (nogomet)|Interkontinentalni kup]]''': ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Winner.png]] (1)''': 1997. == Bosanskohercegovački nogometaši == * [[Sergej Barbarez]] (1998–2000) * [[Sead Kapetanović]] (1999–2001) == Reference == {{Refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == * {{Službeni sajt|https://www.bvb.de/}} {{de simbol}} * [http://www.weltfussball.de/teams/borussia-dortmund/ Borussia Dortmund] na ''weltfussball.de'' {{de simbol}} {{Borussia Dortmund}} {{Borussia Dortmund - ekipa}} {{Bundesliga}} {{Navkutije |ime = |naslov = Borussia Dortmund u takmičenjima |naslovstil = background-color:#FFd700; border: solid 1px #000; color:#000000; |podaci1 = {{Nogometni prvaci Njemačke}} {{Osvajači DFB-Pokala}} {{Osvajači KEŠ-a/UEFA Lige prvaka}} {{Osvajači UEFA Kupa pobjednika kupova}} {{Osvajači Interkontinentalnog kupa (nogomet)}} }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dortmund, Borussia}} [[Kategorija:Borussia Dortmund|*]] [[Kategorija:Nogometni klubovi osnovani 1909.]] [[Kategorija:Nogometni klubovi u Sjevernoj Rajni-Vestfaliji]] [[Kategorija:Nogometni klubovi u Njemačkoj]] [[Kategorija:Klubovi osvajači UEFA Lige prvaka]] jcrjugwfysc18g9wijz8kwiszdjbchg 3427044 3427043 2022-08-02T11:09:25Z 2A02:908:E33:7760:8959:B372:A565:F6BA Popravljen nadimak wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija fudbalski klub |Boja1 = #000000 |Boja2 = #FFFF00 |Ime kluba = Borussia Dortmund |Puno ime = Ballspielverein Borussia 09 e.V. Dortmund |Grb = Borussia Dortmund logo.svg |Nadimak = Borussen |Osnovan = 19. decembar 1909. |Lokacija = [[Dortmund]]<br/>[[Sjeverna Rajna-Vestfalija]]<br/>[[Njemačka]] |Boje = {{colorbox|yellow}} {{colorbox|black}} |Liga = [[Fußball-Bundesliga|Bundesliga]] |Stadion = [[Westfalenstadion]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.stadiumguide.com/westfalenstadion/ |title= Westfalenstadion |website= stadiumguide.com|access-date= 23. 11. 2017}}</ref> |Kapacitet = 81.365 |Predsjednik kluba = {{ZD|NJE}} [[Reinhard Rauball]] |Trener = {{ZD|NJE}} [[Edin Terzić]] |Plasman u prethodnoj sezoni = 2. mjesto |Prethodna sezona = 2021/22 |Webstranica = [https://www.bvb.de/ bvb.de] |Trenutna sezona = |uzorak_lr1 = _bvb2021h |uzorak_t1 = _bvb2021H |uzorak_dr1 = _bvb2021h |uzorak_š1 = _bvb2021h |uzorak_č1 = _bvb2021hl |lijeva ruka1 = FFFF00 |tijelo1 = FFFF00 |desna ruka1 = FFFF00 |šorc1 = 000000 |čarape1 = FFFF00 |uzorak_lr2 = _bvb2021a |uzorak_t2 = _bvb2021a |uzorak_dr2 = _bvb2021a |uzorak_š2 = _barnsley2021t |uzorak_č2 = _psv2021T |lijeva ruka2 = 000000 |tijelo2 = 000000 |desna ruka2 = 000000 |šorc2 = FFFF00 |čarape2 = 000000 |uzorak_lr3 = _bvb2021t |uzorak_t3 = _bvb2021t |uzorak_dr3 = _bvb2021t |uzorak_š3 = _bvb2021t |uzorak_č3 = _bvb2021t |lijeva ruka3 = FFFFFF |tijelo3 = FFFFFF |desna ruka3 = FFFFFF |šorc3 = FFFFFF |čarape3 = FFFFFF }} '''Borussia Dortmund''' [[Njemačka|njemački]] je [[nogomet]]ni klub iz [[Dortmund]]a ([[Sjeverna Rajna-Vestfalija]]). Takmiči se u [[Bundesliga|Bundesligi]], prvom rangu njemačkog nogometa. == Historija == Osnovana je 19. decembra 1909. Osnivači su bili: Franz i Paul Braun, Henry Cleve, Hans Debest, Paul Dziendzielle, Franz, Julius and Wilhelm Jacobi, Hans Kahn, Gustav Müller, Franz Risse, Fritz Schulte, Hans Siebold, August Tönnesmann, Heinrich i Robert Unger, Fritz Weber, Franz Wendt i Benno Elkan. Naziv ''Borussia'' dobila je po [[Latinski jezik|latinskoj]] riječi za [[Pruska|Prusku]]. Sljedećih godina klub je uživao tek u skromnom uspjehu igranja u lokalnim ligama. Godine 1929. bio je na rubu bankrota kad je uprava pokušala pojačati klub dovođenjem nekih plaćenih profesionalnih nogometaša. Godine 1930. tadašnji predsjednik smijenjen je zato što se odbio pridružiti [[NSDAP|nacističkoj stranci]], pa je klub upao u probleme. Nakon [[Drugi svjetski rat|Drugog svjetskog rata]] klub počinje redati uspjehe. Poslije dvije njemačke titule tokom 1950-ih Borussia je bila ne samo jedan od osnivača Bundeslige nego i domaćin osnivačke skupštine. U novu ligu "žuto-crni" su ušli kao prvaci, a postigli su i prvi gol u njenoj historiji. Kup Njemačke prvi put im je pripao 1965, a sljedeće sezone Borussia je u [[Glasgow]]u pobijedila [[Liverpool FC|Liverpool]] s 2:1 i došla do prvog evropskog trofeja. Potom je uslijedila decenija krize, koja je vrhunac dostigla 1978. porazom od [[Borussia Mönchengladbach|Borussije Mönchengladbach]] 12:0. Do novog trofeja Dortmund dolazi tek 1989. osvajanjem nacionalnog kupa. Zahvaljujući treneru [[Ottmar Hitzfeld|Ottmaru Hitzfeldu]] i velikim ulaganjima, kojima su mnogi njemački igrači vraćeni iz [[Italija|Italije]], Borussia je tokom 1990-ih konstantno bila kandidat za titulu, a naslovi su osvojeni 1995. i 1996. Nakon toga u narednih 15 godina u trofejnu salu stigla je samo jedna domaća titula (2002). Finansijska kriza s kojom se Dortmund borio u jednom trenutku zaprijetila je i bankrotom. Ipak, klub se uspio stabilizirati uz pomoć sponzora. Godine 2008. na mjesto šefa stručnog štaba dolazi [[Jürgen Klopp]]. S po dvije titule u prvenstvu i kupu, te plasmanom u [[Finale UEFA Lige prvaka 2013.|finale]] [[UEFA Liga prvaka 2012/2013.|Lige prvaka 2012/13.]] ostavio je dubok trag u klubu. == Uspjesi == * '''Prvenstvo Njemačke''' / '''[[Bundesliga]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Winner.png]] (8)''': 1956, 1957, 1963, 1994/95, 1995/96, 2001/02, 2010/11, 2011/12. * '''[[2. Bundesliga Sjever]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Finalist.png]] (1)''': 1975/76. * '''[[DFB-Pokal]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Winner.png]] (5)''': 1964/65, 1988/89, 2011/12, 2016/17, 2020/21. * '''[[UEFA Liga prvaka|Liga prvaka]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Winner.png]] (1)''': 1996/97. ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Finalist.png]] (1)''': 2012/13. * '''[[UEFA Kup pobjednika kupova|Kup pobjednika kupova]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Winner.png]] (1)''': 1965/66. * '''[[UEFA Evropska liga|Kup UEFA]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Finalist.png]] (2)''': 1992/93, 2001/02. * '''[[UEFA Superkup]]''' ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Finalist.png]] (1)''': 1997. * '''[[Interkontinentalni kup (nogomet)|Interkontinentalni kup]]''': ** '''[[Datoteka:Cup Winner.png]] (1)''': 1997. == Bosanskohercegovački nogometaši == * [[Sergej Barbarez]] (1998–2000) * [[Sead Kapetanović]] (1999–2001) == Reference == {{Refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == * {{Službeni sajt|https://www.bvb.de/}} {{de simbol}} * [http://www.weltfussball.de/teams/borussia-dortmund/ Borussia Dortmund] na ''weltfussball.de'' {{de simbol}} {{Borussia Dortmund}} {{Borussia Dortmund - ekipa}} {{Bundesliga}} {{Navkutije |ime = |naslov = Borussia Dortmund u takmičenjima |naslovstil = background-color:#FFd700; border: solid 1px #000; color:#000000; |podaci1 = {{Nogometni prvaci Njemačke}} {{Osvajači DFB-Pokala}} {{Osvajači KEŠ-a/UEFA Lige prvaka}} {{Osvajači UEFA Kupa pobjednika kupova}} {{Osvajači Interkontinentalnog kupa (nogomet)}} }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dortmund, Borussia}} [[Kategorija:Borussia Dortmund|*]] [[Kategorija:Nogometni klubovi osnovani 1909.]] [[Kategorija:Nogometni klubovi u Sjevernoj Rajni-Vestfaliji]] [[Kategorija:Nogometni klubovi u Njemačkoj]] [[Kategorija:Klubovi osvajači UEFA Lige prvaka]] 2jts26zv4ojryzsgzjy6vkvz2yhsaix 0 28314 3426961 3415040 2022-08-01T21:05:52Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nedostaju izvori}} [[Datoteka:Apollo program.svg|mini|desno|215p|Logo Apollo Programa]] '''Program Apollo''' je serija [[svemir]]skih misija sa ljudskom posadom poduzeta od strane [[Sjedinjene Američke Države|Sjedinjenih Država]]. U misiji su korišteni Apollo svemirski brod i raketni nosač Saturn. Primarni cilj je bilo spuštanje letjelice s ljudskom posadom na Mjesec i njihov siguran povratak natrag na Zemlju i to do kraja 1960-tih. Taj cilj je i dostignut sa misijom Apollo 11 u [[Juli|julu]] [[1969]]. godine. Prvi korak čovjeka na Mjesecu je jedno (ali ne i jedino) od postignuća Programa Apollo u koji su uložena ogromna finansijska sredstva. Na njemu su radile hiljade ljudi i to je bio do tada najambicioznije planiran i izveden [[NASA]]-in posao. Program je nastavljen i poslije tog prvog spuštanja uslijedilo je još pet uspješnih sa ciljem naučnog istraživanja Mjeseca «iz prve ruke». Poslije Projekta Apollo pa sve do današnjih dana ([[2006]]. godina) nije više bilo letova sa ljudskom posadom izvan Zemaljske niske orbite. Kasniji [[Program Skylab]] poduzet zajedničkim snagama Rusije i Sjedinjenih Država koristio je opremu originalno dizajniranu za Projekt Apollo, i često se navodio kao njegov sastavni dio. Apollo je dobio ime po [[Grčka|grčkom]] Bogu Sunca [[Apolon]]u. Pored uspjeha ovaj Program je pretrpio i nekoliko težih promašaja, a najgori je rezultirao pogibijom astronauta [[Virgil Grissom|Virgila "Gusa" Grissoma]], [[Ed White (astronaut)|Eda Whitea]] i [[Roger Chaffee|Rogera Chaffeeja]]. Osim toga, u eksploziji Apolla 13 zamalo su poginula još tri astronauta, isto kao i prilikom problema za vrijeme povratka testnog programa Apollo-Sojuz. == Pozadina == Početna faza Programa se odvijala u doba Eisenhowerove administracije. Sam Program je trebao predstavljati nastavak [[Program Mercury|Programa Mercury]] sa misijama u bliskoj Zemljinoj orbiti. Ustvari, Apollo je bio treći po redu i slijedio je iza [[Program Gemini|Programa Gemini]]. Predsjednik Kenedi je nedugo po dolasku na vlast drastično promijenio planove i promovisao jednu agresivnu kampanju sa ciljem da NASA pošalje čovjeka na Mjesečevu površinu i sigurno ga vrati na Zemlju. Dijelom je ova kampanja bila motivisana tadašnjom geopolitičkom situacijom u svijetu, i kontekstom [[Hladni rat|Hladnog rata]] i "Svemirske utrke". Osim naučnih rezultata koje je donio, Program je bio bitan i na psihološkom planu za Sjedinjene Države. Odvijao se u doba navedene "Svemirske utrke" kroz koju su tada najveće svjetske sile Sovjetski Savez i SAD dokazivale dominaciju na naučnom i tehnološkom planu. Nakon što je Rusija, na zaprepaštenje javnog mnijenja u Sjedinjenim Državama, uspjela postati prva zemlja koja je poslala čovjeka u Svemir, američkim vlastima je bio potreban uspjeh koji bi im povratio uzdrmano samopouzdanje. Program Apollo je, smatrala je američka administracija, predstavljao takav uspjeh. == Izbor modula == NASA-ini planeri su imali izazov da realizuju određen broj letova koji bi doveli do ostvarenja Kenedijevog plana, a ujedno minimiziraju rizik po sigurnost astronauta i troškove, a sve u kontekstu dostupne tehnologije i sposobnosti astronauta. Razmatrane su četiri opcije: [[Datoteka:Apollo Direct Ascent Concept.jpg|mini|desno|165p|Predviđeni modul za direktno spuštanje]] # Direktan let - Ovaj plan je pretpostavljao spuštanje kompletne letjelice direktno na Mjesečevu površinu, i njen povratak na zemlju. Ovo je zahtijevalo veliku potrošnju goriva i mnogo jače rakete od dotada postojećih. # Let sa spajanjem u Zemljinoj orbiti (Earth Orbit Rendezvous EOR) - Ovaj plan je pretpostavljao slanje dvije rakete nosača tipa Saturn V u orbitu. Jedna bi nosila letjelicu, a druga bi služila za prevoz goriva. Raketa s gorivom i letjelica bi se spojili u [[Orbita|orbiti]] i tu bi gorivo bilo pretočeno u letjelicu, da bi potom ista bila upućena na Mjesec i potom natrag. I u ovoj varijanti se predviđalo spuštanje kompletne letjelice na Mjesec. # Let sa spajanjem na Mjesečevoj površini - I ovaj plan je uključivao slanje dvije rakete. Jednu s posadom, a drugu automatizovanu. Poslije slijetanja na Mjesec i izvršenja zadataka posada bi se automatizovanom letjelicom vratila na Zemlju, naravno pošto bi je podesili na manuelno upravljanje. # Let sa spajanjem u Mjesečevoj orbiti (koji je bio i konačan izbor) - Letjelica bi se, prema ovom planu, sastojala od Komandnog modula (Command/Service Module) i Mjesečevog modula (Lunar Excursion Module). Komandni modul je sadržavao sistem za održavanje životnih uslova predviđen za 5 dana rada (za tročlanu posadu), dovoljan za put na Mjesec i natrag. Također je posjedovao toplotni omotač potreban za ulazak u Zemljinu [[Atmosfera|atmosferu]] pri povratku. Za Mjesečev modul je bilo predviđeno odvajanje od Komandnog modula, pri dolasku u orbitu oko Mjeseca, spuštanje na površinu, kao i povratak do modula. Za razliku od ostalih planova ovaj je predviđao spuštanje samo malog dijela letjelice na mjesečevu površinu, i na taj način minimizirao [[Trošak|troškove]]. Osim toga dio Mjesečevog modula bi ostao na površini Mjeseca (pogon za slijetanje) te bi se i na taj način uštedila potrebna energija. Mjesečev modul je i bio sastavljen iz dva dijela - pogona za slijetanje i pogona za uzlijetanje. Ovo je, kao što je rečeno, uveliko smanjilo troškove i omogućilo da samo jedan nosač raketa Saturn V lansira letjelicu. == Letjelica == Sastojala se od tri glavna i dva manja dijela. Komandni modul je bio dio gdje je posada provodila najveći dio vremena, uključujući lansiranje i slijetanje. To je bio i jedini dio letjelice koji se vratio na Zemlju po završetku Misije. Servisni modul je skladištio resurse potrebne za održavanje životnih uslova u letjelici (tankove s oksigenom), kao i pogon potreban da odvede letjelicu u mjesečevu orbitu. Komandni i servisni modul kombinovano su se nazivali CSM (Command and Service modules). Mjesečev modul, kao što je već navedeno, bio je sastavljen iz dva dijela - pogona za slijetanje i pogona za uzlijetanje. Njegov skraćeni naziv je bio LEM (Lunar Excursion Module) == Astronauti == Iz Mercuryja 7: * [[Wally Schirra|Walter Marty Schirra, Jr.]], USN – [[Apollo 7]] * [[Alan Shepard|Alan Bartlett Shepard, Jr.]], USN – [[Apollo 14]] Iz Grupe astronauta 2: * [[Neil Armstrong|Neil Alden Armstrong]] – [[Apollo 11]] * [[Frank Borman|Frank Frederick Borman II]], USAF – [[Apollo 8]] * [[Pete Conrad|Charles "Pete" Conrad, Jr.]], USN – [[Apollo 12]], [[Skylab 2]] * [[Jim Lovell|James Arthur Lovell, Jr.]], USN – [[Apollo 8]], [[Apollo 13]] * [[James McDivitt|James Alton McDivitt]], USAF – [[Apollo 9]] * [[Thomas Patten Stafford]], USAF – [[Apollo 10]], [[Apollo-Sojuz]] * [[John Watts Young]], USN – [[Apollo 10]], [[Apollo 16]] Iz Grupe astronauta 3: * [[Buzz Aldrin|Edwin Eugene "Buzz" Aldrin]], USAF – [[Apollo 11]] * [[William Anders|William Alison Anders]], USAF – [[Apollo 8]] * [[Alan Bean|Alan LaVern Bean]], USN – [[Apollo 12]], [[Skylab 3]] * [[Eugene Andrew Cernan]], USN – [[Apollo 10]], [[Apollo 17]] * [[Michael Collins (astronaut)|Michael Collins]], USAF – [[Apollo 11]] * [[Walter Cunningham]], USMC – [[Apollo 7]] * [[Donn F. Eisele|Donn Fulton Eisele]], USAF – [[Apollo 7]] * [[Richard F. Gordon, Jr.|Richard Francis Gordon, Jr.]], USN – [[Apollo 12]] * [[Rusty Schweickart|Russell Louis "Rusty" Schweickart]], USAF – [[Apollo 9]] * [[David Scott (astronaut)|David Randolph Scott]], USAF – [[Apollo 9]], [[Apollo 15]] Iz Grupe astronauta 4: * [[Harrison Schmitt|Harrison Hagan "Jack" Schmitt]] – [[Apollo 17]] Iz Grupe astronauta 5: * [[Charles Moss Duke, Jr.]], USAF – [[Apollo 16]] * [[Ronald Evans|Ronald Ellwin Evans, Jr.]], USN – [[Apollo 17]] * [[Fred Haise|Fred Wallace Haise, Jr.]], USMC – [[Apollo 13]] * [[James Irwin|James Benson Irwin]], USAF – [[Apollo 15]] * [[Ken Mattingly|Thomas Kenneth Mattingly II]], USN – [[Apollo 16]] * [[Edgar Dean Mitchell]], USN – [[Apollo 14]] * [[Stuart Roosa|Stuart Allen Roosa]], USAF – [[Apollo 14]] * [[Jack Swigert|John Leonard "Jack" Swigert, Jr.]], USAF – [[Apollo 13]] * [[Alfred Worden|Alfred Merrill Worden]], USAF – [[Apollo 15]] Sljedeći astronauti učestvovali su u misijama poslije Apolla, a koje su koristile tehnologiju iz ove misije: Iz Mercuryja 7: * [[Deke Slayton|Donald Kent "Deke" Slayton]], USAF – Apollo-Sojuz Iz Grupe astronauta 4: * [[Owen K. Garriott|Owen Kay Garriott]] – [[Skylab 3]] * [[Edward Gibson|Edward George Gibson]] – [[Skylab 4]] * [[Joseph P. Kerwin|Joseph Peter Kerwin]], USN – [[Skylab 2]] Iz Grupe astronauta 5: * [[Vance D. Brand|Vance DeVoe Brand]], USMC – [[Skylab spasilačka misija]] (nikada poletjeli), Apollo-Sojuz * [[Gerald P. Carr|Gerald Paul Carr]], USMC – [[Skylab 4]] * [[Jack R. Lousma|Jack Robert Lousma]], USMC – [[Skylab 3]] * [[William R. Pogue|William Reid Pogue]], USAF – [[Skylab 4]] * [[Paul J. Weitz|Paul Joseph Weitz]], USN – [[Skylab 2]] Napomena: Skraćenice u prethodnom dijelu teksta imaju sljedeća značenja: :: USN - US Navy - Mornarica SAD-a :: USAF - US Air Forces - Zračne snage SAD-a :: USMC - US Marin Corps - Marinski korpus SAD-a == Zanimljivosti == * Jedna od najpoznatijih izjava svih vremena citirana nemali broj puta vezana je za ovaj Program i glasi: "Ovo je mali korak za mene, ali veliki za čovječanstvo." Izjava pripada [[Neil Armstrong|Neilu Armstrongu]], američkom astrounautu i prvom pripadniku ljudske rase koji je kročio na tlo najbližeg [[Zemlja (planeta)|Zemljinog]] pratioca, Mjeseca. == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat|Apollo}} * [http://moonpans.com/missions.htm Kolekcija panorama Mjesečeve površine] * [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/apollo/index.html Službena stranica Programa Apollo]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120128180332/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/apollo/index.html |date=28. 1. 2012 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928034610/http://www.cyberpursuits.com/space/manned/apollo.asp Stranica ''Cyberpursuits''] * [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-4205/contents.html Chariots for Apollo: A History of Manned Lunar Spacecraft By Courtney G Brooks, James M. Grimwood, Loyd S. Swenson] * [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-4009/cover.htm NASA SP-4009 The Apollo Spacecraft: A Chronology] * [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/SP-4029.htm SP-4029 Apollo by the Numbers: A Statistical Reference by Richard W. Orloff] * [http://history.nasa.gov/apollo.html Program Apollo] na stranici o historiji NASA-e * [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/frame.html The Apollo Lunar Surface Journal] * [http://history.nasa.gov/afj/ The Apollo Flight Journal] * [http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/history/apollo/apollo.html Projekt Apollo (Kennedy Svemirski centar)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050213035933/http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/history/apollo/apollo.html |date=13. 2. 2005 }} * [http://history.nasa.gov/diagrams/apollo.html Projekt Apollo – crteži i tehnički dijagrami] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050831074231/http://www.lunarrock.com/Inventory.asp Kolekcija Mjesečevih stijena] * [http://www.Apolloarchive.com/ Arhiva Projekta Apollo] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061015205112/http://www.globalcuts.com/NASA/stock_footage_trailer_movie.htm Spirit of Apollo Apollo 11 memorijalni video] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061021135027/http://www.maniacworld.com/apollo_video_montage.htm Apollo videomontaža] * [http://www.nasm.si.edu/collections/imagery/Apollo/Apollo.htm Apollo Program (National Air and Space Museum)] * [http://sourceforge.net/projects/nassp/ Projekt Apollo za Orbitalni simulator svemirskih letova] * [http://moon.google.com/ Google Moon: interaktivna mapa Mjeseca i tačaka spuštanja Apollo letjelica] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071230074105/http://www.geocities.com/raceintospace/index.htm Buzz Aldrin's Race Into Space Igra koja simulira svemirsku utrku] {{NASA}} [[Kategorija:Program Apollo]] [[Kategorija:Svemirski letovi s posadom]] lc166lrrnb75jwxh5i3shr95u4ykj0o 4 29958 3426929 3422494 2022-08-01T18:20:18Z KWiki 9400 /* 30px Kultura */ wikitext text/x-wiki __BEZSADRŽAJA__ {|cellspacing="10px" style="background:none; margin-top:-10px" | width="100%" style="border: 1px solid #BFB6A3; background:#FFF7E6; padding:1em" colspan="2"|[[Datoteka:Cscr-featured.svg|50px|lijevo]] {{prečica|WP:IČ}} '''Istaknuti članci''' jesu oni za koje korisnici Wikipedije smatraju da su najkvalitetniji i najsadržajniji na Wikipediji. Prije nego što bude postavljen ovdje, članak mora biti izglasan prema kriterijima urednosti, tačnosti, neutralnosti i stilu pisanja. Wikipedia na bosanskom jeziku trenutno ima '''{{#expr:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Istaknuti članci}} - 3}}''' istaknutih članaka <!--ne mora se više ručno upisivati samo oduzeti članke koji nisu članci, npr., šabloni i slično.--> od ukupno {{BROJČLANAKA}} na Wikipediji, što znači da je svaki {{#expr: {{BROJČLANAKA:R}} /{{#expr:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Istaknuti članci}} - 3}} round 0}}. članak istaknuti. Članci se, također, mogu uklanjati sa spiska istaknutih ako se obavi proces glasanja isto kao i za odabir. Zlatna zvjezdica ([[Datoteka:Cscr-featured.svg|15px]]) u gornjem desnom uglu članka obilježava da je on istaknuti. '''''Pogledajte i dobre članke:''''' ''[[Wikipedia:Dobri članci]] [[Datoteka:Symbol star2.svg|15px]]'' <br> ''''' Arhive: ''''' ''[[Wikipedia:Istaknuti članci/Arhiva 1|Arhiva 1]] [[Slika:Exquisite-folder_document.png|15px|Arhiva]] *<big>'''[[Wikipedia:Istaknuti članci/Glasanje|Glasanje]]'''</big> |- | colspan="2" style="border:1px solid #BFB6A3; background:#FFFFEE; padding:1em"| {| width="100%" | width="100%"|<div style="border-bottom: 3px dotted #BFB6A3;"> <BIG>'''[[:Kategorija:Istaknuti članci|Spisak istaknutih članaka]]'''</BIG><br/> ''Također pogledajte [[Wikipedia:Istaknuti članci/Prijašnji prijedlozi|Prijašnje prijedloge]] i [[Wikipedia:Istaknuti članci/Prijašnji članci|prijašnje članke]]'' </div> |} == [[Datoteka:Q space.svg|30px]] Astronomija == <!-- Članci se dodaju po abecednom redoslijedu! --> :{{hlist |[[Cerera (patuljasta planeta)|Cerera]] |[[Fobos (satelit)|Fobos]] |[[Istraživanje Marsa]] |[[Mars]] |<s>[[Program "Buran"]]</s> |[[Venera]] }} == [[Datoteka:System-users.svg|30px]] Biografije == <!-- Članci se dodaju po abecednom redoslijedu (po prezimenu)! --> :{{hlist |[[Slavko Avsenik]] |[[Anne Boleyn]] |<s>[[Willy Brandt]]</s> |[[Josip Broz Tito]] |[[Ciceron]] |[[Ćirilo i Metodije]] |[[Demosten]] |<s>[[Džingis-kan]]</s> |[[Adolf Eichmann]] |[[Elizabeta I, kraljica Engleske]] |<s>[[Husein-kapetan Gradaščević]]</s> |[[Jakov I, kralj Engleske]] |[[Jakov II, kralj Engleske]] |[[Karlo II, kralj Engleske]] |[[Katarina Aragonska]] |[[Kir Veliki]] |[[Marija Antoaneta]] |[[Marija Terezija, kraljica Ugarske]] |<s>[[Erwin Rommel]]</s> }} == [[Datoteka:Tango icon nature.svg|30px]] Biologija == <!-- Članci se dodaju po abecednom redoslijedu! --> :{{hlist |[[Bioluminiscencija]] |[[Charles Darwin]] |[[Evolucija čovjeka]] |[[Fotosinteza]] |''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' |<s>[[Skalar (riba)]]</s> |[[Snježna sova]] |[[Spinosaurus]] |[[Voda]] }} == [[Datoteka:Nuvola apps edu miscellaneous.svg|30px]] Društvene nauke == <!-- Članci se dodaju po abecednom redoslijedu! --> :{{hlist |<s>[[OPEC]]</s> |[[Sociologija]] }} == [[Datoteka:Stylised atom with three Bohr model orbits and stylised nucleus.svg|30px]] Fizika == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! --> :{{hlist |[[Atom]] |<s>[[Alexander Graham Bell]]</s> |[[Izvijanje]] |[[Optika]] |[[Nikola Tesla]] }} == [[Datoteka:Emblem-earth.svg|30px]] Geografija == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! --> :{{hlist |[[Alabama]] |[[Albanija]] |[[Angola]] |<s>[[Baščaršija]]</s> |<s>[[Bejrut]]</s> |[[Bonn]] |[[Bosna i Hercegovina]] |[[Doboj]] |[[Egipat]] |[[Evropa]] |[[Fojnica]] |[[Gvatemala]] |[[Las Vegas]] |[[Lesoto]] |[[Livno]] |[[Los Angeles]] |[[Malta]] |[[Namibija]] |[[Nauru]] |[[Njemačka]] |[[Pariz]] |[[Sarajevo]] |[[Seoul]] |[[San Francisco]] |[[Slovenija]] |[[Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija|SFR Jugoslavija]] |[[Španija]] |[[Štajerska (pokrajina)|Štajerska]] |[[Ukrajina]] |<s>[[Unsko-sanski kanton]]</s> |[[Visoko]] |[[Zenica]] |[[Zvornik]] }} == [[Datoteka:Jordens inre.svg|30px]] Geologija == <!-- Članci se dodaju po abecednom redoslijedu! --> :{{hlist |[[Mineral]] |[[Zemljotres]] }} == [[Datoteka:Conical flask teal.svg|30px]] Hemija == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! --> :{{hlist |[[Germanij]] |[[Hafnij]] |[[Heroin]] |[[Hromatografija]] |[[Iridij]] |[[Itrij]] |[[Kokain]] |[[Ksenon]] |[[Molibden]] |[[Natrij]] |[[Nikotin]] |[[Sumpor]] |[[Tantal]] |[[Titanij]] |[[Uranij]] }} == [[Datoteka:History.svg|30px]] Historija == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! --> :{{hlist |[[14. srednjobosanska udarna brigada]] |[[Ahemenidsko Carstvo]] |[[Antička Grčka]] |[[Atentat na Johna F. Kennedyja]] |[[Bitka za Monte Cassino]] |[[Borba za nezavisnost zemalja Latinske Amerike]] |[[Bosanski sabor]] |[[Genocid u Srebrenici]] |[[Dekolonizacija Afrike]] |[[Deportacija Krimskih Tatara]] |<s>[[Historija Evropske unije]]</s> |<s>[[Historija Sarajeva]]</s> |<s>[[Bosna i Hercegovina u srednjem vijeku]]</s> |[[Legija]] |[[Masakr u Bijeljini]] |<s>[[Masakri na Markalama]]</s> |[[Napadi 11. septembra 2001.]] |[[Pretorijanci]] |[[Rat na Pacifiku]] |[[Silovanja u ratu u Bosni i Hercegovini]] |[[Sjevernoirski sukob]] |[[Svemirska utrka]] |<s>[[Velika Srbija]]</s> |[[Visoko u srednjem vijeku]] }} == [[Datoteka:P culture.svg|30px]] Kultura == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! --> :{{hlist |[[Arhitektura Bosne i Hercegovine]] |[[Bizantijska umjetnost]] |[[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen]] |[[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog]] |[[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine Justinijanove i Heraklijeve dinastije]] |[[Filatelija u Bosni i Hercegovini]] |[[Islamska arhitektura]] |<s>[[Most Mehmed-paše Sokolovića]]</s> |<s>[[Norveški jezik]]</s> }} === [[Datoteka:Books-aj.svg aj ashton 01.svg|30px]] Književnost === <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! --> :{{hlist |''<s>[[Da Vincijev kod]]</s>'' |''[[Deset malih crnaca]]'' |[[Musa Ćazim Ćatić]] |[[Elfriede Jelinek]] |<s>[[Skender Kulenović]]</s> |[[Henning Mankell]] |[[Borislav Pekić]] |[[William Shakespeare]] }} == [[Datoteka:Nuvola apps edu mathematics blue-p.svg|30px]] Matematika == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! --> == [[Datoteka:Star of life.svg|30px]] Medicina == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! --> :{{hlist |[[Aspergerov sindrom]] |[[Aspirin]] |[[Autizam]] |[[Ibuprofen]] |[[Krvna grupa]] |[[Lupus]] |[[Multipla skleroza]] |[[Paracetamol]] }} == [[Datoteka:Eighth notes and rest.svg|30px]] Muzika == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! --> :{{hlist |[[ABBA]] |[[Aphex Twin]] |[[Dookie]] |[[Eurosong 2016.]] |[[Jerry Cantrell]] |[[Johann Sebastian Bach]] |[[Johann Pachelbel]] |[[Nimrod (album)|''Nimrod'' (album)]] |[[Queen]] |[[The Doors]] }} == [[Datoteka:Religious syms.svg|30px]] Religija == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! Ako su osobe, abecedno po prezimenu. --> :{{hlist |[[Ateizam]] |<s>[[Ferhat-pašina džamija]]</s> }} == [[Datoteka:Football.svg|30px]] Sport i igre == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! Ako su osobe, abecedno po prezimenu. --> :{{hlist |[[Aleksandar Aljehin]] |[[Miroslav Blažević]] |[[Novak Đoković]] |<s>[[Gimnastika]]</s> |[[Roger Federer]] |[[Stephen Hendry]] |[[John Higgins (snuker)|John Higgins]] |[[Jelena Isinbajeva]] |[[Juventus FC]] |[[Karling]] |[[Košarka]] |[[Košarka na Olimpijskim igrama‎]] |[[Liverpool FC]] |[[Mat lovcem i skakačem]] |[[Olimpijske igre]] |[[Hakeem Olajuwon]] |[[Ivica Osim]] |[[Ronnie O'Sullivan]] |[[Skijaški skokovi]] |[[Snuker]] |<s>[[Safet Sušić]]</s> |[[Svjetski kup u biatlonu]] |[[Tenis]] |[[Wimbledon FC]] |[[Caroline Wozniacki]] }} == [[Datoteka:Telecom-icon.svg|30px]] Tehnologija == === [[Datoteka:Car.svg|30px]] Automobilizam === <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! Ako su osobe, abecedno po prezimenu. --> :{{hlist |[[Audi]] |[[Škoda Auto]] |[[Volkswagen]] }} === [[Datoteka:Smoothing plane drawing.png|30px]] Drvna industrija === :{{hlist |[[Furnir]] }} === [[Datoteka:Computer.svg|30px]] Računarstvo, informatika, internet === <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! --> :{{hlist |<s>[[Diferencijalna mašina]]</s> |[[Google]] |[[Microsoft]] |[[Računar]] |[[Ubuntu (operativni sistem)]] }} == [[Datoteka:Video-x-generic.svg|30px]] Televizija, film, razonoda == <!-- Članci se dodaju abecednim redom! Ako su osobe, abecedno po prezimenu. --> :{{hlist |''[[Američki bogovi (serija)|Američki bogovi]]'' |''[[Andrej Rubljov (film)|Andrej Rubljov]]'' |''[[Apokalipsa danas]]'' |[[Batman]] |''[[Besramnici]]'' |''[[Birdman]]'' |''[[CSI: Las Vegas]]'' |[[Doktor Živago (film)|''Doktor Živago'' (film)]] |[[Dosjei X (serija)|''Dosjei X'' (serija)]] |''[[Elementarno]]'' |[[Alfred Hitchcock]] |[[Sherlock Holmes]] |[[Sherlock Holmes (2009)|''Sherlock Holmes'' (2009)]] |''[[Sherlock Holmes: Igra sjenki]]'' |''[[Igra prijestolja]]'' |[[Mjesečina (film)|''Mjesečina'' (film)]] |''[[Pakleni šund]]'' |[[Prijatelji (serija)|''Prijatelji'' (serija)]] |[[Michael Scofield]] |[[Sherlock (serija)|''Sherlock'' (serija)]] |''[[Snježno kraljevstvo]]''|''[[Sonic Adventure]]''|''[[Spužva Bob Skockani]]''|''[[Stargate SG-1]]'' |''[[Terminator (1984)]]'' |''[[Zločinački umovi]]'' }} ---- |} [[Kategorija:Istaknuti članci| ]] t5i42c82i9l0exwa1fusxdkkbzfkuoz 0 34770 3426892 3391773 2022-08-01T12:28:49Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 3 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nedostaju izvori}} [[Datoteka:NAM Members.svg|mini|400p|<small>Zemlje pokreta nesvrstanih (2009.)</small>]] '''Pokret nesvrstanih'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mnoal.org/nam-about/|title=About NAM – NAM|date=2019-03-23|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2022-01-10|archive-date=23. 3. 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323135155/https://mnoal.org/nam-about/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> je međunarodna organizacija više od 100 zemalja koje su smatrale sebe zvanično neujedinjene sa jednim ili protiv jednog od većih blokova. Svrha organizacije, kako je napisano u Havanskoj deklaraciji iz [[1979]], je da osigura ”nacionalnu nezavisnost, suverenitet, teritorijlni integritet i bezbjednost nesvrstanih zemalja u njihovoj borbi protiv imperijalizma, kolonijalizma, neokolonijalizma, aparthejda, rasizma, uključujući i cionizam i sve oblike strane agresije, okupacije, dominacije, mješanja ili hegemonije, kao i protiv blokovske politike”. Pokret nesvrstanih se fokusirao na nacionalne borbe za nezavisnost, iskorjenjivanja siromaštva, ekonomski razvoj i suprotstavljanje [[kolonijalizam|kolonijalizmu]], [[imperijalizam|imperijalizmu]] i [[neokolonijalizam|neokolonijalizmu]]. Oni su predstavljali 55% stanovništva planete, većinu vlada na svijetu i skoro dvije trećine članica [[Ujedinjene nacije]]. Važniji članovi su bili [[SFRJ|Jugoslavija]], [[Indija]], [[Egipat]], [[Južna Afrika]] i povremeno [[Kina]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mnoal.org/nam-members/|title=NAM Members – NAM|date=2019-03-27|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2022-01-10|archive-date=27. 3. 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327085806/https://mnoal.org/nam-members/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>. [[Brazil]] nikada nije bio stalni član pokreta, ali je država dijelila mnogo ciljeva Pokreta nesvrstanih i često je slala posmatrače na konferencije Pokreta nesvrstanih. Iako je namjeravano da organizacija bude blizak savez kao i [[NATO]] i [[Varšavski pakt]], imala je malo jedinstva i mnoge od njenih članica su bile u savezu sa jednom ili drugom velikom silom. Naprimjer, [[Kuba]] je bila u savezu sa [[Sovjetski Savez|Sovjetskim Savezom]] tokom [[Hladni rat|Hladnog rata]]. Indija je mnogo godina bila u savezu sa Sovjetskim Savezom protiv Kine. Pokret se slomio zbog svojih unutrašnjih nesuglasica kada je Sovjetski Savez napao [[Afganistan]] 1979. Dok su neke države podržavale [[Sovjetsko-afganistanski rat|sovjetsku invaziju]], ostale članice pokreta nisu uradile to. Pokret nesvrstanih se borio da nađe smisao nakon kraja Hladnog rata. Zemlje nasljednice Jugoslavije su pokazale malo interesovanja za Pokret nesvrstanih od [[Raspad SFRJ|raspada zemlje]], a [[2004]]. [[Malta]] i [[Kipar]] su prestali da budu članice pokreta kada su stupile u [[Evropska unija|Evropsku uniju]], pa sada imaju status posmatrača. == Nastanak == Termin ”Nesvrstani” je prvi skovao indijski premijer [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] tokom svog govora [[1954]]. u [[Kolombo|Kolombu]], [[Šri Lanka]]. U svom govoru, Nehru je opisao pet postulata koji su korišteni kao vodilje u kinesko-indijskim odnosima, a koje je prve smislio ondašnji kineski premijer [[Žu Enlai]]. Nazvani [[Pet principa miroljubive egzistencije]] ili Pančšil, ovi principi će kasnije poslužiti kao osnova Pokreta nesvrstanih. Tih pet principa su: # Uzajamno poštovanje teritorijalnog integriteta i suvereniteta # Uzajmano nenapadanje # Uzajamno nemiješanje u unutrašnje poslove # Jednakost i uzajamna korist # Miroljubiva koegzistencija Porijeklo Pokreta nesvrstanih se može pratiti do [[Bandunška konferencija|konferencije održane u Bandungu]], Indonezija, [[1955]]. Svjestke nesvrstane nacije su izrazile svoju želju da ne budu uvučene u ideološke sukobe Istoka i Zapada u Hladnom ratu. Bandung je bio značajna prekretnica za razvoj pokreta kao političke organizacije. Ipak, 6 godina kasnije u septembru 1961, uz veliku zaslugu [[Josip Broz Tito|Josipa Broza Tita]], održana je prva zvanična konferencija Pokreta nesvrstanih. Uz Tita i Nehrua, drugi istaknuti svjetski lideri koji su učestvovali u stvaranju Pokreta nesvrstanih bili su [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]], predsjednik Egipta, i [[Sukarno]], predsjednik Indonezije. Pokret je izgubio kredibilitet tokom [[1970e|sedamdesetih]] kada je kritikovan da u njemu postaju dominantne države koje su bile prijateljske prema Sovjetskom Savezu. Dok su vođe kao Tito, Naser, Sukarno ili Nehru mogli predstavljati ideologiju nesvrstanih, vođe poput Fidela Kastra su kompromitovale cijeli koncept. == Zemlje članice == {|- | # [[Afganistan]] # [[Alžir]] # [[Angola]] # [[Bangladeš]] # [[Barbados]] # [[Bahami]] # [[Bahrein]] # [[Beliz]] # [[Bjelorusija]] # [[Benin]] # [[Bolivija]] # [[Bocvana]] # [[Brunej]] # [[Burkina Faso]] # [[Butan (država)|Butan]] # [[Vanuatu]] # [[Venecuela]] # [[Vijetnam]] # [[Gabon]] # [[Gambija]] # [[Gana]] # [[Gvineja]] # [[Gvineja Bisao]] # [[Gijana]] # [[Grenada]] # [[Demokratska Republika Kongo]] # [[Dominikanska Republika]] # [[Egipat]] # [[Ekvador]] # [[Ekvatorijalna Gvineja]] # [[Eritreja]] # [[Etiopija]] # [[Zambija]] # [[Zelenortska Ostrva]] # [[Zimbabve]] # [[Indija]] # [[Indonezija]] # [[Irak]] | # [[Iran]] # [[Jamajka]] # [[Jemen]] # [[Jordan]] # [[Južna Afrika]] # [[Kambodža]] # [[Kamerun]] # [[Katar]] # [[Kenija]] # [[Kolumbija]] # [[Komori]] # [[Kongo]] # [[Kuba]] # [[Kuvajt]] # [[Laos]] # [[Lesoto]] # [[Liban]] # [[Liberija]] # [[Libija]] # [[Madagaskar]] # [[Malavi]] # [[Maldivi]] # [[Malezija]] # [[Mali]] # [[Maroko]] # [[Mauritanija]] # [[Mauricijus]] # [[Mjanmar]] # [[Mozambik]] # [[Mongolija]] # [[Namibija]] # [[Nepal]] # [[Niger]] # [[Nigerija]] # [[Nikaragva]] # [[Obala Slonovače]] # [[Oman]] # [[Pakistan]] | # [[Panama]] # [[Palestina]] # [[Papua Nova Gvineja]] # [[Peru]] # [[Ruanda]] # [[Sao Tome i Principe]] # [[Saudijska Arabija]] # [[Svazi]] # [[Sveta Lucija]] # [[Sveti Vinsent i Grenadini]] # [[Sjeverna Koreja]] # [[Sejšeli]] # [[Senegal]] # [[Sijera Leone]] # [[Singapur]] # [[Sirija]] # [[Somalija]] # [[Sudan]] # [[Surinam]] # [[Tajland]] # [[Tanzanija]] # [[Istočni Timor]] # [[Togo]] # [[Trinidad i Tobago]] # [[Tunis]] # [[Turkmenistan]] # [[Uganda]] # [[Uzbekistan]] # [[Ujedinjeni Arapski Emirati]] # [[Filipini]] # [[Honduras]] # [[Centralna Afrička Republika]] # [[Čile]] # [[Džibuti]] # [[Šri Lanka]] |} Izvor: <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mnoal.org/nam-members/|title=NAM Members – NAM|date=2019-03-27|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2022-01-10|archive-date=27. 3. 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327085806/https://mnoal.org/nam-members/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> === Bivše članice === * [[Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija]] * [[Argentina]] * [[Malta]] * [[Kipar]] == Konferencije == Obično su se konferencije Pokreta nesvrstanih odvijale svake tri godine. Države koje su bile domaćin konferencijama su: SFRJ, Egipat, Zambija, Alžir, Šri Lanka, Kuba, Indija, Zimbabve, Indonezija, Kolumbija, Južnoafrička rebulika i Malezija. Prva konferencija se održala u [[Beograd]]u [[1961]]. Na njoj su bili predstavnici 25 zemalja – 11 iz [[Azija|Azije]] i [[Afrika|Afrike]] zajedno sa Jugoslavijom, Kubom i Kiprom. Sljedeći sastanak je održan u [[Kairo|Kairu]] [[1964]]. Na njega su došli predstavnici 46 država, dok su većina novih članova bile nove afričke zemlje koje su tek stekle nezavisnost. Glavne teme konferencije su bili Arapsko-izraelski sukob i Indijsko-pakistanski sukob. Sastanak iz [[1970]]. u [[Lusaka|Lusaki]], na kom su prisustvovale 54 države, je bio jedan od najvažnijih pošto je pokret formirao stalnu organizaciju da bi razvijao ekonomske i političke veze. Zambijski predsjednik [[Kenet Kaunda]] je igrao odlučujuću ulogu u ovim događajima. Na sastanku 1973. u [[Alžir]]u je viđeno kako se pokret nosi sa novim ekonomskim realnostima. [[Svjetski naftni šok 1973.|Svjetski naftni šok iz 1973.]] je doveo do toga da neke članice budu značajno bogatije od ostalih. Kraj povezanosti američke valute za zlato i naknadna [[devalvacija]] [[američki dolar|dolara]] je uklonilo jednu od najvećih pritužbi grupe. Na sastanku [[1979]]. u Havani je raspravljano o prednosti ”prirodne alijanse” koje su mnogi vidjeli između Pokreta nesvrstanih i Sovjetskog Saveza. Pod vođstvom [[Fidel Kastro|Fidela Kastra]]., konferencija je raspravljala o konceptu antiimperijalističke alijanse sa Sovjetskim Savezom. Premijer Jamajke Menli je održao dobro primljen prosovjetski govor. Među ostalim stvarima koje je rekao je bilo: ”Svi anti-imperijalisti znaju da je ravnoteža snaga u svijetu nepovratno promjenjena 1917 kada je postojao pokret i čovjek u Oktobarskoj revoluciji, a Lenjin je bio taj čovek”. Menli je također odlikovao Kastra za ojačavanje snaga posvećenim borbi protiv imperijalizma na zapadnoj hemisferi. === Mjesta i datumi konferencija === * 1. konferencija – [[Beograd]], [[1. septembar]] [[1961]]. – [[6. septembar]] [[1961]]. * 2. konferencija – [[Kairo]], [[5. oktobar]] [[1964]]. – [[10. oktobar]] [[1964]]. * 3. konferencija – [[Lusaka]], [[8. septembar]] [[1970]]. – [[10. septembar]] [[1970]]. * 4. konferencija – [[Alžir]], [[5. septembar]] [[1973]]. – [[9. septembar]] [[1973]]. * 5. konferencija – [[Kolombo]], [[16. august]] [[1976]]. – [[19. august]] [[1976]]. * 6. konferencija – [[Havana]], [[3. septembar]] [[1979]]. – [[9. septembar]] [[1979]]. * 7. konferencija – [[Nju Delhi]], [[7. mart]] [[1983]]. – [[12. mart]] [[1983]]. * 8. konferencija – [[Harare]], [[1. septembar]] [[1986]]. – [[6. septembar]] [[1986]]. * 9. konferencija – [[Beograd]], [[4. septembar]] [[1989]]. – [[7. septembar]] [[1989]]. * 10. konferencija – [[Džakarta]], [[1. septembar]] [[1992]]. – [[7. septembar]] [[1992]]. * 11. konferencija – [[Kartahina de Indijas]], [[18. oktobar]] [[1995]]. – [[20. oktobar]] [[1995]]. * 12. konferencija – [[Durban]], [[2. septembar]] [[1998]]. – [[3. septembar]] [[1998]]. * 13. konferencija – [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[20. februar]] [[2003]]. – [[25. februar]] [[2003]]. * 14. konferencija – [[Havana]], [[14. septembar]] [[2006]]. – [[15. septembar]] [[2006]] *15. konferencija – Sharm El Sheikh, 11. jul 2009. – 16. jul 2009. *16. Konferencija - Teheran, 26. august 2012. – 31. august 2012. *17. konferencija – ostrvo Margarita, 17. septembar 2016. – 18. septembar 2016. *18. konferencija - Baku, 25. oktobar 2019. - 26. oktobar 2019. == Također pogledajte == * [[Treći svijet]] == Vanjski linkovi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060827073355/http://www.e-nam.org.my/main.php?pg=2 Sajt Pokreta nesvrstanih] {{Commonscat|Non-Aligned Movement}} {{Hladni rat}} {{OIK}} [[Kategorija:Međunarodne organizacije]] [[Kategorija:Hladni rat]] tlqmmsi5epd3sfdc94moy2p7dncuc10 0 60600 3426905 3386825 2022-08-01T13:12:06Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Starost}} [[Datoteka:Hr-map.png|desno|mini|300px|Karta Hrvatske]] [[Datoteka:August 2007 forest fire in Istria (1).JPG|desno|mini|300px|Požar kraj [[Pula|Pule]] 2007.]] [[Datoteka:August 2007 forest fire in Istria (2).JPG|desno|mini|300px|Požar kraj Pule 2007.]] [[Datoteka:August 2007 forest fire in Istria (3).JPG|desno|mini|300px|Šumski požari u Istri devastirali su floru i faunu]] [[Datoteka:August 2007 forest fire in Istria (4).JPG|desno|mini|300px|Požar kraj Pule [[2007]].]] '''Požari u Hrvatskoj 2007. godine''' je naziv za niz požara koji su pogodili hrvatsko priobalje tokom ljeta te godine. Nakon vala vrućina tokom [[ljeto|ljeta]] 2007, koji je zahvatio cijeli jug i istok [[Evropa|Evrope]], suša i južina pogodovali su požarima koji su se proširili širom [[Hrvatska|Hrvatske]] te koji su uništili velik dio krhke [[Flora|flore]] i [[Fauna|faune]]: među žrtvama su bile i [[ptice]] koje su izgorjele u plamenu jer nisu znale izbjeći opasnost<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.h-alter.org/tekst/radikalizacija-kljuca-ispod-povrsine/3824 |title=H-Alter - što ptica zna što je požar? |accessdate=6. 9. 2007 |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120802141250/http://www.h-alter.org/tekst/radikalizacija-kljuca-ispod-povrsine/3824 |archivedate=2. 8. 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Prema policijskim podacima, na priobalju je od [[1. juni|1. juna]] do [[8. august]]a buknulo 750 požara, od čega 177 u [[Splitsko-dalmatinska županija|Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji]]. Opožarena je površina od 159.000 hektara. Policija je zbog požara podnijela 18 kaznenih prijava i uhapsila 12 osoba. Među uhapšenima je i neimenovani 56-godišnjak koji se sumnjiči da je podmetnuo čak sedam požara te neki pastiri koji su palili travu za ovce<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dnevnik.hr/naslovnica/vijesti/hrvatska/20070807_22737.php?Ari=1i7 |title=Dnevnik.hr - Zbog požara u Divulje dodatne policijske snage |accessdate=6. 9. 2007 |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20080205064437/http://dnevnik.hr/naslovnica/vijesti/hrvatska/20070807_22737.php?Ari=1i7 |archivedate=5. 2. 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Nakon smrti osmero vatrogasaca u požaru na Kornatima 30. augusta premijer [[Ivo Sanader]] proglasio je dan žalosti u cijeloj zemlji. == Požari u Istri == Dana 19. jula izbio je požar kraj [[Pula|Pule]]. Zbog požara zatvorena je županijski put Pula – Premantura od skretanja za Banjole do Premanture. Deset novih požara izbilo je 27. jula na [[Istra|istarskom]] području. Dva požara većih razmjera - jedan u blizini autokampa Pineta u [[Peroj]]u kod [[Pula|Pule]] i kod autokampa Amarin u [[Rovinj]]u - stavljeni su ubrzo pod nadzor, izvjestio je glavni vatrogasni zapovjednik Istarske županije [[Dino Kozlevac]].<ref>[http://www.totalportal.hr/index.php?article_id=120317 TotalPortal - 10 požara u Istra, dva najveća pod nazorom]</ref> [[7. august]]a izbio je požar između mjesta Batvači i Peroja te [[Barbarige]], u općini [[Vodnjan]], a lokaliziran je oko 19:30 sati, zahvaljujući [[kanader]]u i [[helikopter]]u koji su počeli gasiti vatru oko 18 sati, doznaje se od zapovjednika pulske Javne vatrogasne jedinice '''Klaudija Karlovića'''. Vatru koja se širila zbog vjetra i krajnje nepristupačnog terena, gasilo je 90 vatrogasaca uz pomoć 22 vozila. U požaru je izgorjelo 80 hektara [[šume]] i niskog raslinja<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://business.hr/Default2.aspx?ArticleID=d8319ea0-9015-453d-a41f-26bf659f9fd2&ref=rss&gid=182615 |title=Business.hr - Kanader spriječio širenje požara u Istri |accessdate=6. 9. 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928221004/http://business.hr/Default2.aspx?ArticleID=d8319ea0-9015-453d-a41f-26bf659f9fd2&ref=rss&gid=182615 |archivedate=28. 9. 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Požari u Dalmaciji == {{starost sekcija}} U julu i augustu izbilo je nekoliko požara u '''[[Dalmacija|Dalmaciji]]'''. Požar je izbio [[26. juli|26. jula]] popodne uz sam '''[[Nacionalni park Paklenica]]''', tačnije na Velikom Rujnu, a najugroženije je bilo jugoistočno područje Nacionalnog parka, prema izjavama Vatrogasno operativnog središta u Divuljama. Požar je gasilo preko 200 vatrogasaca, radnika Nacionalnog parka te pripadnika OS RH, a vatrogasci su tokom nekoliko dana dobijali pojačanja. Na mjestu požara su djelovala i dva protivpožarna aviona i helikopter. Na planini [[Svilaj]]i izbio je požar koji je stavljen pod nadzor. Požar je stavljen pod nadzor, ali uz požarište je i dalje dežuralo 50 vatrogasaca s deset vozila i jednim helikopterom<ref>[http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/pozar-kod-nacionalnog-parka-paklenica-jos-uvijek-aktivan/354356.aspx Vijesti.net – Požar kod NP Paklenica još uvijek aktivan]</ref>. Ostali požari na jadranskom području stavljeni su pod nadzor, a vatrogasne snage čine sve da se ponovno ne rasplamsaju, javili su iz OVZ-a u [[Divulje|Divuljama]]. Požar kod mjesta '''Podstražja''', pokraj uvale Rukavac na ostrvu [[Vis]]u, lokaliziran je [[7. august]]a. Na terenu su ostali gasitelji koji ga saniraju i čuvaju tokom noći. Vatru gase pripadnici sezonske interventne vatrogasne jedinice Vis te dobrovoljana vatrogasna društva Vis i Komiža s 46 vatrogasaca i 9 vozila. U augustu je gorjelo i kod [[Vransko jezero (Hrvatska)|Vranskog jezera]], ali je požar brzo lokaliziran i stavljen pod kontrolu. 8. augusta je izbio požar na području oko [[Žitnića]] koji je zahvatio minirano područje uz državnu cestu '''Šibenik-Drniš''', zbog čega je cesta zatvorena za promet javljaju iz OVZ-a u Divuljama. Požar trave i niskog raslinja i dalje je aktivan, a u njegovom gašenju učestvuju JVP i DVD Drniš s 21 vatrogascem i šest vozila<ref>[http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak.aspx?id=354101 Vijesti.net – U Hrvatskoj, [[BiH]] i [[Srbija|Srbiji]] gori nekoliko požara]</ref>. [[24. juli|24. jula]] premijer [[Ivo Sanader|Sanader]] pozitivno je odgovorio na zamolbu makedonskog kolege [[Nikola Gruevski|Nikole Gruevskog]] koji je hrvatskoj Vladi uputio zamolbu za pomoć u gašenju požara u [[Makedonija|Makedoniji]]. Požare koji ugrožavaju makedonske gradove su gasili jedan avion kanader hrvatskih zračnih snaga koji je put Skopja odletio s dvije posade i četiri zrakoplovna tehničara. Odluka o slanju jednog kanadera donesena je nakon konzultacije Vladinog kabineta s glavnim vatrogasnim zapovjednikom Mladenom Jurinom. Odluka je donesena na telefonskoj sjednici, doznaje se iz [[Banski dvori|Banskih dvora]]. Sa zahtjevom Makedonije je upoznat i predsjednik [[Stipe Mesić]] koji je prihvatio Vladin prijedlog o slanju jednog kanadera u tu zemlju, te je odobrio slanje pripadnika hrvatskih oružanih snaga u humanitarnu misiju u Makedoniji. Odluka o slanju jednog protupožarnog aviona u Makedoniju donesena je u jeku najvećih požara koji haraju hrvatskom obalom Jadrana<ref>[http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak.aspx?id=354003 Index.hr – Hrvatska u jeku najvećih požara u Makedoniji šalje jedan kanader]</ref>. === Jedanaest mrtvih vatrogasaca na Kornatima === {{glavni|Kornatska tragedija}} [[30. august]]a [[2007]]. godine, po prvi put u Hrvatskoj, požari su odnijeli ljudske živote vatrogasaca, i to u požaru koji je izbio na [[Kornati]]ma. Poginulo je šest vatrogasaca iz vatrogasne jedinice Šibenik - '''Dino Klarić''', '''Ivica Crvelin''', '''Ivan Marinović''', '''Marko Stančin''', '''Gabrijel Skočić''' i '''Hrvoje Strikoman''', a još sedmero je preživjelo uz teške opekline po tijelu - od kojih je petero prebačeno na liječenje u Zagreb<ref>[http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/objavljena-imena-poginulih-medju-preminulima-17godisnjak-i-dva-18godisnjaka/356970.aspx Vijesti.net - Objavljena imena poginulih]</ref> ('''Tomislav Crvelin''', '''Ante Crvelin''', '''Josip Lučić''', '''Karlo Ševerdija''' i '''Marinko Knežević''') koji su ubrzo preminuli od posljedica teških opeklina. Iz poštovanja prema poginulima i njihovim porodicama, premijer Sanader proglasio je na to 3. septembra dan žalosti u cijeloj Hrvatskoj, dok je šibensko-kninski župan [[Goran Pauk]] proglasio sedam dana žalosti u toj županiji. Tokom noći, kako stoji u službenom policijskom priopćenju, na ostrvo su upućene snage policije i Hrvatske vojske radi pretrage terena i osiguranja požarišta, a na mjesto nesreće izašli su i istražni sudija Županijskog suda i županijski državni odvjetnik iz Šibenika, policijska ekipa za uviđaj, te stručnjaci Centra za kriminalistička vještačenja MUP-a RH, kao i inspektori za požare, Inspektorata unutrašnjih poslova Republike Hrvatske. Privedeno je osam ljudi osumnjičenih za podmetanje požara. U ''[[Glas Dalmacije|Glasu Dalmacije]]'' pojavila se vijest da je njemački turist video kamerom snimio kako su građevinski radnici izazvali požar kada su vatra sa njihovog roštilja rasplamsala na drveće. Međutim, spominje se i druga verzija priče. Mještani Kornata spominju kako je do požara moglo doći i uslijed paljenja visoke trave koja se svake godine pali zbog ispaše ovaca<ref>[http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/njemacki-turisti-krivce-za-pozar-na-velikom-kornatu-uhvatili-na-djelu-kamerom/357014.aspx Vijesti.net - Njemački turisti krivce za požar na Velikom Kornatu uhvatili kamerom?]</ref>. Pojavile su se i kontroverze oko toga, da li su se žrtve mogle izbjeći. Neki su kritizirali odluku vatrogasne službe da pošalje svoje ljude na Kornate samo kako bi gasili zapaljenu nisku travu, ali to je izazvalo i pitanja oko toga kako su mogli poginuti od tako malog požara. Najmlađa žrtve tragedija na Kornatima, sedmanaestogodišnji Marko Stančić, svom ocu, po dolasku na Veliki Kornat poslao je poruku: "Tata, na Kornatima smo, čekamo da nam dostave vodu", što je ostavilo nova pitanja da je helikopter jednostavno ostavio vatrogasce bez dobre opreme. Glavni zapovjednik vatrogasaca [[Mladen Jurin]] na to je idući dan dao svoju ostavku<ref>[http://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/glavni-zapovjednik-vatrogasaca-u-rh-ponudit-ce-ostavku-zbog-tragedije/357037.aspx Vijesti.net - Posljednja poruka najmlađe žrtve: Tata, na Kornatima smo, čekamo vodu]</ref>. == Požari u BiH == [[29. juli|29. jula]] deset velikih požara zabilježeno je u 24 sata na području [[Hercegovina|Hercegovine]] čija su gašenja otežana nepristupačnim terenom, minskim poljima i lošom opremom vatrogasaca zbog čega je iz općine [[Čitluk]] u gašenju zatražena pomoć Hrvatske. Vatra je gorila na prilazima [[Mostar]]u, nedaleko brda ukazanja kod [[Međugorje|Međugorja]], kod [[Neum]] a i u [[Stolac|Stocu]]. Nije međutim bilo materijalne štete na porodičnim kućama niti nastradalih. Opožareno je više desetina hektara [[Bor (biljka)|borove]] šume, makije i niskog raslinja. U okolini Mostara gorilo je na brdima nedaleko naselja Žovnice i Miljkovića gdje se nalaze zaostale eksplozivne naprave. U općini Čitluku proglašeno je stanje prirodne nepogode od požara. S brda Crnice raširio se požar koji je i zaprijetio naseljima '''Bijakovićima''', Međugorju, Vionici, '''Krehinu Gracu''' i Blizancima. Helikopteri vojske BiH zbog neispravnosti nisu mogli pomoći u gašenju požarišta te je zbog toga je iz općine Čitluk zatražena pomoć Hrvatske<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.liderpress.hr/Default.aspx?sid=23098 |title=Liderpress.hr – Požari u Herecgovini, Čitluk traži pomoč RH |accessdate=6. 9. 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927202845/http://www.liderpress.hr/Default.aspx?sid=23098 |archivedate=27. 9. 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Požari oko Dubrovnika == U '''[[Dubrovačko-neretvanska županija|Dubrovačko-neretvanskoj županiji]]''' 4. augusta izbilo je nekoliko požara, koji su se proširili iz susjedne Bosne i Hercegovine. U večernjim satima požar je izbio preko graničnih brda te prešao u [[Župa Dubrovačka|Župu Dubrovačku]] u dvije dugačke fronte. Prva se kretala prema naseljima Plat, Mlini, Soline u kojima je stigla sve do porodičnih kuća. Drugi krak se širio prema naselju Postranje, gdje je sutradan pojačan snažnom burom opustošio veliki dio Župe Dubrovačke. Požar nije bio zaustavljen, te se počeo primicati gradu Dubrovniku. U 22 sata proglašena je opća opasnost zbog blizine požara gradu te su se oko 22 sata oglasile sirene za uzbunu. Gradonačelnica [[Dubravka Šuica]] pozvala je sve radno sposobne muškarce da pomognu vatrogascima. U gradu je za djecu, žene i starce otvoreno sklonište u tvrđavi [[Revelin]] a vatrogasci iz Splitsko-dalmatinske i Šibensko-kninske županije pomogli su u suzbijanju vatrene stihije<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dnevnik.hr/bin/article.php?article_id=22682 |title=Dnevnik.hr – Požari u Dubrovniku |access-date=6. 9. 2007 |archive-date=5. 2. 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080205064416/http://dnevnik.hr/bin/article.php?article_id=22682 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Vatra je u jednom trenutku prešla preko Žarkovice, udaljene nekoliko stotina metara od prvih kuća u Dubrovniku<ref>[http://radiodubrovnik.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5134&Itemid=1 HR Radio Dubrovnik – Požari oko Dubrovnika]</ref>, dok je s druge strane plamen došao do [[Komolac|Komolca]] te je ugrozio glavnu trafostanicu. Magistrala je od [[Konavle|Konavla]] do [[Zaton (Dubrovnik)|Zatona]] zatvorena tako da su u kilometarskim kolonama od Konavla do Zvekovice i svim prilazima gradu vozači noć proveli u autima. Najkritičnije je bilo u Mokošici gdje je vatrena linija bila duga 15&nbsp;km i spustila se do [[Zlatni Potok|Zlatnog Potoka]]. Opustošen je također i veliki dio Župe Dubrovačke, koja se još oporavlja od posljedica srpske agresije. Nadljudskim naporima sprječena je katastrofa, a učinjena je velika materijalna šteta na poljoprivrednim kulturama. Dana 8. augusta dojavljen je požar šume, makije i niskog raslinja kod [[Ploče|Ploča]], općina Konavle. U gašenju požara učestvovali su županijske vatrogasne snage, te "Državna intervencijska postrojba" ([[bosanski|bs]]. Državma interventna jedinica) (DIP) Dubrovnik sa 50 vatrogasaca i 15 vozila. Na područje pogođeno požarom upućene su i zračne snage - tri kanadera i Air Tractor. Gašenje požara otežao je jak vjetar i suša<ref>[http://www.ezadar.hr/clanak/vjetar-otezava-gasenje-pozara-kod-sibenika-i-dubrovnika eZadar.hr – Vjetar otežava gašenje požara kod Šibenika i Dubrovnika]</ref>, a neki turisti evakuirani su iz hotela. Vijest o požaru u okolini Dubrovnika bila je udarna vijest stranicama na '''[[BBC]]'''-a<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6932578.stm BBC News – Dubrovnik fire threat subsiding]</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/talking_point/6933131.stm BBC News – Dubrovnik fires: Your experience]</ref>. == Optužbe za podmetnute požare sa područja BiH == Dana 6. i 7. augusta premijer [[Ivo Sanader]] je posjetio [[Dubrovnik]], nakon čega su buknuli požari na tom području. To je nagnalo neke lokalne zvaničnike Dubrovačko-neretvanske županije da optuže [[Trebinje]] u susjednoj [[BiH]] za podmetnute požare. [[Mario Magud]], zapovjednik Javne jedinice vatrogasaca Konavle, izjavio je za [[Večernji list]]: „Na trebinjskoj strani ne možete vidjeti vatrogasce. Sve govori da je njima u interesu da vatra koju podmeću zahvati što veći prostor Konavla i dalje. Nije slučajnost da upravo kad lokaliziramo jedan požar, izbije drugi“ <ref name="ReferenceA">[Večernji list; 8. 8. 2007, str. 5]</ref>. I Luka Korda, načelnik općine Konavle, imao je slične optužbe<ref name="ReferenceA"/>. Sekretar Uprave Civilne zaštite Federacije BiH [[Stanko Slišković]] u utorak je izjavio kako nije istina da su vatrogasci u BiH bili pasivni na sprečavanju požara u pograničnom području u dubrovačkom zaleđu. "Naši ljudi nadljudskim naporima gasili su svaki požar koji se mogao gasiti, a također niko sa sigurnošću ne može tvrditi odakle je požar počeo", rekao je Slišković. Po Sliškovićevim tvrdnjama Civilna zaštita u BiH ima jako dobru saradnju s hrvatskim kolegama. "Žao mi je što je do ovoga došlo, jer razumijem ogorčenost građana Dubrovnika, ali mi nismo krivi za takvo stanje", kaže Slišković. Po njegovom objašnjenju BiH nije mogla gasiti samo nekoliko požara na granici s Hrvatskom zbog nepristupačnog i miniranog terena<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bljesak.info/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=49614 |title=Bljesak.info – CZ FbiH: „Nismo krivi za požare u Hrvatskoj!“ |accessdate=6. 9. 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929133844/http://www.bljesak.info/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=49614 |archivedate=29. 9. 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Reference == {{Reflist|2}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat|2007 fires in Croatia}} *[http://www.totalportal.hr/index.php?article_id=119134 TotalPortal.hr – U 20 dana u Hrvatskoj 600 požara] *[http://www.totalportal.hr/index.php?article_id=122478 TotalPortal.hr Novi požari u Damaciji] *[http://www.nacional.hr/articles/view/36538/ Nacional.hr – Požari i dalje haraju]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717003515/http://www.nacional.hr/clanak/36538/pozari-i-dalje-haraju-vlada-kupuje-jos-kanadera |date=17. 7. 2012 }} *[http://dnevnik.hr/bin/article.php?article_id=21961 Dnevnik.hr – Nekoliko osumnjičenih zbog požara na Šolti] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080205064411/http://dnevnik.hr/bin/article.php?article_id=21961 |date=5. 2. 2008 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002905/http://www.vecernji.hr/newsroom/news/croatia/2206314/index.do Večernji list – Požari kod Makarske, Dubrovnika, Kaštela i NP Krka] [[Kategorija:Prirodne katastrofe u 2007.]] [[Kategorija:2007. u Hrvatskoj]] [[Kategorija:Šumski požari u 2007.]] 3xznygsmt1s57tkahduqq979acs6kug 0 62629 3426986 3424573 2022-08-01T23:30:26Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Fernando Alonso | slika = Alonso 2016.jpg | opis_slike = Alonso 2016. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1981|07|29}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Oviedo]], [[Španija]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Španci|Španac]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Alpine F1|Alpine]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]] | broj_auta = 14 | trke = 349 (346 starta) | prvenstva = 2 ([[Formula 1 – sezona 2005.|2005]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2006.|2006.]]) | pobjede = 32 | podiji = 98 | bodovi = 2021 | prve_startne_pozicije = 22 | najbrži_krug = 23 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2001.|VN Australije 2001.]] | prva_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2003.|VN Mađarske 2003.]] | posljednja_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Španije 2013.|VN Španije 2013.]] | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 10. (81 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Fernando Alonso Díaz''' (Oviedo, [[29. juli]] [[1981]].) je [[Španija|španski]] vozač i dvostruki prvak [[Formula 1|Formule 1]] iz sezona [[Formula 1 – sezona 2005.|2005.]] i [[Formula 1 – sezona 2006.|2006.]] prvak FIA Svjetskog prvenstva u utrkama izdržljivosti (WEC) te jedini vozač u povijesti koji je dva puta uvršten u FIA-inu Kuću slavnih. Dvostruki je pobjednik trke [[24 sata Le Mansa]] te pobjednik utrke 24 sata [[Daytone]]. Često se smatra jednim od najboljih i najkompletnijih vozača u Formuli 1. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Trke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- |- ! 1999. |align=left| Euro Open by Nissan |align=left| Campos Motorsport | 15 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 164 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2000. |align=left| Međunarodni Formula 3000 |align=left| Team Astromega | 9 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 17 ! 4. |- ! 2001. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2001.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Minardi|European Minardi F1 Team]] | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! 23. |- ! 2002. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2002.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|Mild Seven Renault F1 Team]] |colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- ! 2003. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2003.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|Mild Seven Renault F1 Team]] | 16 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 55 ! 6. |- ! 2004. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2004.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|Mild Seven Renault F1 Team]] | 18 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 59 ! 4. |- ! 2005. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2005.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|Mild Seven Renault F1 Team]] | 19 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 15 | 133 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2006. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2006.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|Mild Seven Renault F1 Team]] | 18 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 14 | 134 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2007. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2007.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] | 17 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 12 | 109 |style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- ! 2008. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2008.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|ING Renault F1 Team]] | 18 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 61 ! 5. |- ! 2009. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2009.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|ING Renault F1 Team]] | 17 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 26 ! 9. |- ! 2010. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2010.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Ferrari|Scuderia Ferrari Marlboro]] | 19 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 252 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- ! 2011. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Ferrari]] | 19 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 257 ! 4. |- ! 2012. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Ferrari]] | 20 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 13 | 278 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- ! 2013. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Ferrari]] | 19 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 242 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- ! 2014. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Ferrari]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 161 ! 6. |- ! 2015. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren Honda]] | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 ! 17. |- ! 2016. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren Honda]] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 54 ! 10. |- !rowspan=2| 2017. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren Honda]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 17 ! 15. |- |align=left| IndyCar Serija |align=left| McLaren-Honda-Andretti | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 ! 29. |- !rowspan=3| 2018. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 ! 11. |- |align=left| 24 sata Le Mansa |align=left| Toyota Gazoo Racing | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | – |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| WeatherTech<br/> SportsCar Prvenstvo |align=left| United Autosports | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 ! 58. |- ! 2018–19. |align=left| FIA World Endurance<br/> Championship (WEC) |align=left| Toyota Gazoo Racing | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 102 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.'''* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku. {{-}} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2001. || [[Minardi]] |- | 2002–2006.<br/>2008–2009. || [[Renault F1|Renault]] |- | 2010–2014. || [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] |- | 2007.<br/>2015–2018. || [[McLaren]] |} {{-}} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''boldu''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''italicu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:83%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2001.|2001.]] ! [[Minardi|European Minardi F1 Team]] ! [[Minardi PS01]] ! European (Cosworth) 3.0 V10 |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2001.|AUS]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2001.|MAL]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2001.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada San Marina 2001.|SMR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2001.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2001.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2001.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2001.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2001.|EVR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2001.|FRA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2001.|VB]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2001.|NJE]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2001.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2001.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2001.|ITA]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2001.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2001.|JAP]]<br /><small>11.</small> | | | | ! 0 ! 23. |- bgcolor=white | colspan="27" | |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2003.|2003.]] ! [[Renault F1|Mild Seven Renault F1 Team]] ! [[Renault R23]] ! Renault RS23 3.0 V10 |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2003.|AUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2003.|MAL]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2003.|BRA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada San Marina 2003.|SMR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2003.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2003.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2003.|MON]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2003.|KAN]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2003.|EVR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2003.|FRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2003.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2003.|NJE]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2003.|MAĐ]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2003.|ITA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2003.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2003.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | | | | | ! 55 ! 6. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2004.|2004.]] ! [[Renault F1|Mild Seven Renault F1 Team]] ! [[Renault R24]] ! Renault RS24 3.0 V10 |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2004.|AUS]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2004.|MAL]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2004.|BHR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada San Marina 2004.|SMR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2004.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2004.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2004.|EVR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2004.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2004.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Francuske 2004.|FRA]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2004.|VB]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2004.|NJE]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2004.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2004.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2004.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2004.|KIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2004.|JAP]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2004.|BRA]]<br /><small>4.</small> | | | ! 59 ! 4. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2005.|2005.]] ! [[Renault F1|Mild Seven Renault F1 Team]] ! [[Renault R25]] ! Renault RS25 3.0 V10 |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2005.|AUS]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2005.|MAL]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2005.|BHR]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada San Marina 2005.|SMR]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2005.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2005.|MON]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Evrope 2005.|EVR]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2005.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2005.|SAD]]<br /><small>NP</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Francuske 2005.|FRA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2005.|VB]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2005.|NJE]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2005.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2005.|TUR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2005.|ITA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2005.|BEL]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2005.|BRA]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2005.|JAP]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2005.|KIN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> | | |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''133''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2006.|2006.]] ! [[Renault F1|Mild Seven Renault F1 Team]] ! [[Renault R26]] ! Renault RS26 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2006.|BHR]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2006.|MAL]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2006.|AUS]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada San Marina 2006.|SMR]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Evrope 2006.|EVR]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2006.|ŠPA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2006.|MON]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2006.|VB]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2006.|KAN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2006.|SAD]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2006.|FRA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2006.|NJE]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#efcfff"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2006.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2006.|TUR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#efcfff"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2006.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2006.|KIN]]'''''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2006.|JAP]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2006.|BRA]]<br /><small>2.</small> | | | |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"|'''134''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"|'''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2007.|2007.]] ! [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-22]] ! Mercedes-Benz FO 108T 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2007.|AUS]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2007.|MAL]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2007.|BHR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2007.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2007.|MON]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2007.|KAN]]''<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2007.|SAD]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2007.|FRA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2007.|VB]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2007.|EVR]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2007.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2007.|TUR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2007.|ITA]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2007.|BEL]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2007.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2007.|KIN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2007.|BRA]]<br /><small>3.</small> | | | | | align="center" bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''109''' | align="center" bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2008.|2008.]] ! [[Renault F1|ING Renault F1 Team]] ! [[Renault R28]] ! Renault RS27 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2008.|AUS]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2008.|MAL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2008.|BHR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2008.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2008.|TUR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2008.|MON]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2008.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2008.|FRA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2008.|VB]]<br />6.<small></small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2008.|NJE]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2008.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2008.|EVR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2008.|BEL]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2008.|ITA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2008.|SIN]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2008.|JAP]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2008.|KIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2008.|BRA]]<br /><small>2.</small> | | | ! 61 ! 5. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2009.|2009.]] ! [[Renault F1|ING Renault F1 Team]] ! [[Renault R29]] ! Renault RS27 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2009.|AUS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2009.|MAL]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2009.|KIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2009.|BHR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2009.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2009.|MON]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2009.|TUR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2009.|VB]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2009.|NJE]]''<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2009.|MAĐ]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2009.|EVR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2009.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2009.|ITA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '' [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2009.|SIN]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2009.|JAP]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2009.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2009.|ABU]]<br /><small>14.</small> | | | | ! 26 ! 9. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2010.|2010.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Scuderia Ferrari Marlboro]] ! [[Ferrari F10]] ! Ferrari Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2010.|BHR]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2010.|AUS]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2010.|MAL]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2010.|KIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2010.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2010.|MON]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2010.|TUR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2010.|KAN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2010.|EVR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2010.|VB]]''<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2010.|NJE]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2010.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2010.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2010.|ITA]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2010.|SIN]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2010.|JAP]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Koreje 2010.|KOR]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2010.|BRA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2010.|ABU]]<br /><small>7.</small> | | |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''252''' |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|2011.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Scuderia Ferrari Marlboro]] ! [[Ferrari 150° Italia]] ! Ferrari Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2011.|AUS]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2011.|MAL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2011.|KIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2011.|TUR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2011.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2011.|MON]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2011.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2011.|EVR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2011.|VB]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2011.|NJE]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2011.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2011.|BEL]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2011.|ITA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2011.|SIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2011.|JAP]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2011.|KOR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2011.|IND]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2011.|ABU]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2011.|BRA]]<br /><small>4.</small> | | ! 257 ! 4. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|2012.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari]] ! [[Ferrari F2012]] ! Ferrari Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2012.|AUS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2012.|MAL]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2012.|KIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2012.|BHR]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2012.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2012.|MON]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2012.|KAN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2012.|EVR]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2012.|VB]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2012.|NJE]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2012.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2012.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2012.|ITA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2012.|SIN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2012.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2012.|KOR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2012.|IND]]<br/><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2012.|ABU]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2012.|SAD]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2012.|BRA]]<br /><small>2.</small> | |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''278''' |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|2013.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari]] ! [[Ferrari F138]] ! Ferrari Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2013.|AUS]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2013.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2013.|KIN]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2013.|BHR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2013.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2013.|MON]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2013.|KAN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2013.|VB]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2013.|NJE]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2013.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2013.|BEL]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2013.|ITA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2013.|SIN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2013.|KOR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2013.|JAP]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2013.|IND]]<br/><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2013.|ABU]]''<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2013.|SAD]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2013.|BRA]]<br /><small>3.</small> | | |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''242''' |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari]] ! [[Ferrari F14 T]] ! Ferrari 059/3 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|AUS]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2014.|MAL]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2014.|BHR]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2014.|KIN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2014.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2014.|MON]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|KAN]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2014.|AUT]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2014.|VB]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2014.|NJE]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2014.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2014.|BEL]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2014.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2014.|SIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2014.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2014.|RUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2014.|SAD]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2014.|BRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2014.|ABU]]<br /><small>9.</small> | | ! 161 ! 6. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren Honda]] ! [[McLaren MP4-30]] ! Honda<br/>RA615H 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor= | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2015.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2015.|KIN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2015.|BHR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2015.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2015.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2015.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2015.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2015.|VB]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2015.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2015.|BEL]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2015.|ITA]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2015.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2015.|JAP]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2015.|RUS]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2015.|SAD]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2015.|MEK]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2015.|BRA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2015.|ABU]]<br /><small>17.</small> | | ! 11 ! 17. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren Honda Formula 1 Team]] ! [[McLaren MP4-31]] ! Honda RA616H 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]''<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]<br /><small>10.</small> ! 54 ! 10. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren Honda Formula 1 Team]] ! [[McLaren MCL32]] ! Honda RA617H 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>NP</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]''<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>9.</small> | ! 17 ! 15. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren F1 Team]] ! [[McLaren MCL33]] ! Renault Sport R.E.18 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>11.</small> ! 50 ! 11. |} == Također pogledajte == * [[Spisak vozača u Formuli 1]] ==Vanjski linkovi== {{Commonscat}} *[http://www.statsf1.com/en/fernando-alonso.aspx statistika Fernando Alonso] {{Svjetski prvaci u Formuli 1}} {{McLaren}} {{Scuderia Ferrari}} {{Španski sportist godine}} {{Autosportova nagrada}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Alonso, Fernando}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1981.]] [[Kategorija:Španski vozači Formule 1]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Oviedo]] axqd87dcze0umtvk854tx0eujm7uovg 0 63775 3426904 3408387 2022-08-01T13:10:50Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Tri prsta.jpg|mini|200p|Pozdrav sa tri prsta]] '''Pozdrav sa tri prsta''' je pozdrav jednom rukom sa otvorenim palcem, kažiprstom i srednjim prstom. Koriste ga [[Srbi]] kao nacionalni pozdrav, slično pozdravu sa dva prsta kojeg koriste drugi narodi, a koji označava pobjedu. == Značenje pozdrava == Po izjavama srpske političke partije [[SPO]], pozdrav je bilo populariziran od strane [[Vuk Drašković|Vuka Draškovića]] za vrijeme uličnih demonstracija u martu, 1991. godine u [[Beograd]]u, gdje su tri prsta predstavljala zahtjeve koje je SPO tražila od vlade da se ispune. Ali postoje i druga tumačenja ovog pozdrava koji koriste i neki politički protivnici SPO. Srđan Srećković, potpredsjednik SPO-a, rekao je u intervju za Kurir da to također može da simboliše "jedan prst za [[Sveti Sava|Svetog Savu]], drugi prst za [[Petar II Petrović Njegoš|Njegoša]], i treći prst za [[Karađorđe|Karađorđa]]."{{Izvor}} Drugo objašnjenje je načinom krštenja pravoslavaca, sa tri prsta desne ruke, koji simbolizuju Svetog Oca, Svetog Sina i Duha Svetog<ref>[http://www.ceu.hu/nation/theses/hajdinjak0001.pdf Marko Hajdinjak. (2000) Jugoslavija] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070415172429/http://www.ceu.hu/nation/theses/hajdinjak0001.pdf |date=15. 4. 2007 }}.</ref><ref>[http://www.un.org/icty/transe1/960531ed.htm 1 Međunarodni krivični sud,slučaj br. IT-94-1-T]</ref>. == Korištenje == U Srbiji, pozdrav koriste uglavnom mladi. Može se vidjeti kod navijača i sportista kad slave pobjedu. Kada je reprezentacija Srbije i Crne Gore osvojila Svjetsko prvenstvo u vaterpolu [[2005.]] godine, kapiten tima [[Vladimir Vujasinović]] je izjavio „hvala vam što ste bili uz nas u teška vremena, dali ste nam snage da osvojimo zlatnu medalju. Ponosan sam na vas, moju zemlju i moj narod“ i pokazao tri-prsta<ref>[http://www.mfa.gov.yu/FDP/reuters03082005_e.html Swimming-Serbia's water polo team get heroes' welcome] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109205456/http://www.mfa.gov.yu/FDP/reuters03082005_e.html |date=9 Novembar 2007 }} by [[Reuters]] on August 2nd, 2005</ref>. Kada je reprezentacija Jugoslavije osvojila Evropsko prvenstvo u košarci 1995. godine, cjelokupna Jugoslovenska reprezentacija je podigla tri prsta. [[Saša Đorđević]] je, podižući tri prsta, izjavio „Nećemo da provociramo. Samo - to je Srbija, to smo mi, to sam ja - ništa više. To je moj ponos.“<ref>[http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/events/1996/olympics/storyolympic/yuhoops.html Prisoners of War] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070717200000/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/events/1996/olympics/storyolympic/yuhoops.html |date=17 Juli 2007 }} by [[Sports Illustrated]]</ref> === Neonacizam === Pozdrav sa tri spojena prsta ({{jez-de|Kühnengruß}}) koristi se i u krugovima [[neonacizam|neonacista]] u Njemačkoj. ==Kontroverze== Članovi drugih etničkih grupa, posebno [[Bošnjaci]] i [[Hrvati]] ovaj pozdrav često smatraju provokacijom. Srpski vojnici su pokazivali tri prsta kao pozdrav za vrijeme ratnih operacija u [[Hrvatska|Hrvatskoj]] i [[BiH|Bosni i Hercegovini]]. Pokazivanje tri prsta u tim državama se najčešće smatra provokacijom<ref>sr icon [http://www.danas.co.yu/20030716/terazije1.html „Dalmacija našeg detinjstva“] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071110033256/http://www.danas.co.yu/20030716/terazije1.html |date=10 Novembar 2007 }}, Jasmina Lukač, „Danas“, [[16. jul]] [[2003]]</ref> ili se ovaj pozdrav pripisuje nacionalistima<ref>hr icon [http://nwbih.com/news.cgi?ref1=532 "„Cjenik raspada Jugoslavije“]{{Mrtav link|datum=Oktobar 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}, Marinko Čulić, „''Feral Tribune''“, [[25. maj]] [[2006]]</ref> do te mjere da je znalo da inicira tuče za vrijeme fudbalskih utakmica<ref>hr icon [http://www.slobodnadalmacija.hr/20050314/sport04.asp "Utakmica sretno završila"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109231117/http://www.slobodnadalmacija.hr/20050314/sport04.asp |date=9 Novembar 2007 }}, „Slobodna Dalmacija“, [[14. mart]] [[2005]]</ref><ref>[http://www.b92.net/eng/news/society-article.php?yyyy=2006&mm=06&dd=26&nav_category=102 „Srbin uhapšen na hrvatskoj gej-paradi“] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109205051/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/society-article.php?yyyy=2006&mm=06&dd=26&nav_category=102 |date=9. 11. 2007 }}, Vijesti B92, [[26. jun]] [[2006]]en</ref><ref>[http://www.iwpr.net/?apc_state=henibcr2001&l=sr&s=f&o=249041 „Posljednja granica Sarajeva“, IWPR, Antonio Prlenda]</ref> === Eurovizija 2007 === Pobjednica [[Eurovizija|Eurovizije]], [[Marija Šerifović]], slaveći maksimalnih 12 bodova koje je primila od Bosne i Hercegovine pokazala je tri prsta. Ovo je prouzrokovalo različite kontroverze kod bosanskih gledalaca čiji je jedan dio ovo shvatio kao provokaciju<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sina.org.yu/magazin-vest.php?id=36528|title=SINA: Magazin - Pincom.info: Tajni znakovi Eurosonga: Kome je Marija podigla tri prsta?|website=wayback.archive.org|access-date=19. 3. 2016|archive-date=9. 11. 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109194603/http://www.sina.org.yu/magazin-vest.php?id=36528|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Olimpijske Igre 2008 === Beogradski list "PRESS" je objavio fotomontažu originalne fotografije agencije Reuters, gdje su američkom predsjedniku [[George W. Bush]] montirana tri prsta uz tekst da je "pozdravio srpske takmičare", umjesto originalne fotografije na kojoj sa svih 5 prstiju pozdravlja američki nacionalni tim.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pressonline.rs/page/stories/sr.html?view=story&id=43897&sectionId=37 |title=Arhivirana kopija |access-date=27. 8. 2008 |archive-date=7. 12. 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207065243/http://www.pressonline.rs/page/stories/sr.html?view=story&id=43897&sectionId=37 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.reuters.com/news/pictures/searchpopup?picId=5501478 |title=Originalna fotografija sa otvaranja Olimpijskih igara - Reuters.com |access-date=5. 12. 2008 |archive-date=6. 3. 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306101939/http://www.reuters.com/news/pictures/searchpopup?picId=5501478 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Reference== {{Refspisak|}} [[Kategorija:Srbi]] [[Kategorija:Pozdravi]] dbpvw4fqv2xx9hpbgk9iohtksg9i8th 0 66155 3426897 3273236 2022-08-01T12:39:57Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Etnička struktura Bosne i Hercegovine 1895. godine.png|thumb|Etnička struktura]] '''Popis stanovništva u Bosni i Hercegovini''' je treći [[popis stanovništva]] izvršen 1895. godine tokom [[Austro-ugarska|Austro-ugarske]] okupacije. Po popisu stanovništva na površini od 51.246&nbsp;km² 1895. godine u [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosni i Hercegovini]] živjelo je 1.568.092 stanovnika. * Broj stanovnika: 1.568.092 * Broj stanovnika ženskog spola: 739.902 ( -88.288) * Broj stanovnika muškog spola: 828.190 * Broj žena u odnosu prema broju muškaraca 893 : 1000 * broj domaćinstava: 257.493 * veličina prosječnog domaćinstva: 6.1 članova/domaćinstvu * gustoća naseljenosti: 30.6 stanovnika /km² * prosječna starost žena: - godina * prosječna starost muškaraca: - godine<ref>{{cite web|url =https://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/PopisiStanB.htm|title =STANOVNIŠTVO BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE PO POPISIMA|work =web.archive.org|accessdate =5. 7. 2019|archive-date =19. 9. 2013|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20130919000210/https://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/PopisiStanB.htm|url-status =bot: unknown}}</ref> == Ukupni rezultati po vjerskoj osnovi == {| {{prettytable}} style="text-align:center;" |- bgcolor="#efefef" ! colspan=5 style="border-right:0px;" | Izvod iz popisa stanovništva BiH 1895. godine |- bgcolor="#efefef" | '''Vjeroispovjest''' | '''Broj''' | '''Udio''' |- | align=left|Grčki pravoslavci ¹ ||align=right|673.246 ||''' 42.94 %''' |- | align=left|Muslimani ² ||align=right| 548.632 ||''' 34.99 %''' |- | align=left|Rimokatolici ||align=right| 334.142 ||''' 21.31 %''' |- | align=left|Židovi||align=right| 8.213||''' 0.52 %''' |- | align=left|Ostali||align=right| 3.859||''' 0.24 %''' |} ¹ Do popisa 1905. godine pravoslavci su popisivani kao grčki pravoslavci ² Do 1901. godine službeno ime na [[Njemački jezik|njemačkom]]:''Muhammedaner'', (''muhamedanci''), odnosi se na pripadnike [[islam]]ske vjeroispovjesti. Izraz se može često naći i danas u sredstvima javnog izvještavanja (novinama i televiziji) u [[Austrija|Austriji]], pogotovo ako se radi o vremenina Austro-ugarske monarhije u Bosni i Hercegovini. Često se veže s riječju ''Bosniaken'' ([[Bosanski jezik|bosanski]] ''Bošnjaci''), te se i time razgraničava od danas korištene riječi "Bosnier", (''Bosanac''), koji označava osobu sa bosanskim državljanstvom. == Također pogledajte == * [[Bošnjaci i popisi stanovništva]] {{PopisStanovništvaBiH}} == Reference == * Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine: Demografija, Tematski bilten 02/2007, Sarajevo 2007. godine [[Kategorija:Popisi stanovništva u Bosni i Hercegovini|1895]] [[Kategorija:1895. u Bosni i Hercegovini]] [[Kategorija:Popisi stanovništva 1895.|BiH]] [[Kategorija:Bosna i Hercegovina u Austro-Ugarskoj‎]] fztya41lxls77a8w6wf5jwuuw4mp72u 0 66156 3426898 3112150 2022-08-01T12:39:59Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Popis stanovništva u Bosni i Hercegovini''' iz 1910. godine je četvrti po redu popis izvršen za vrijeme [[Bosna i Hercegovina u Austro-Ugarskoj|Austro-Ugarske okupacije]]. Po popisu stanovništva na površini od 51.200 km² 1910. godine u [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosni i Hercegovini]] živjelo je 1.898.044 stanovnika. * Broj stanovnika: 1.898.044 * Broj stanovnika ženskog spola: 903.192 ( -91.662) * Broj stanovnika muškog spola: 994.854 * Broj žena u odnosu prema broju muškaraca 908 : 1000 * broj domaćinstava: 310.339 * veličina prosječnog domaćinstva: 6.1 članova/domaćinstvu * gustoća naseljenosti: 37.1 stanovnika /km² * prosječna starost žena: - godina * prosječna starost muškaraca: - godine <ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/PopisiStanB.htm|title = STANOVNIŠTVO BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE PO POPISIMA|work = webarchive.org|accessdate = 5. 7. 2019|archive-date = 19. 9. 2013|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130919000210/https://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/PopisiStanB.htm|url-status = bot: unknown}}</ref> == Ukupni rezultati po vjerskoj osnovi == {| {{prettytable}} style="text-align:center;" |- bgcolor="#efefef" ! colspan=5 style="border-right:0px;" | Izvod iz popisa stanovništva BiH 1910. godine |- bgcolor="#efefef" | '''Vjeroispovjest''' | '''Broj''' | '''Udio''' |- | align=left|Srpski pravoslavci ||align=right|825.418 ||43,49 % |- | align=left|Muslimani ||align=right| 612.137 ||32,25 % |- | align=left|Rimokatolici ||align=right| 434.061 ||22,87 % |- | align=left|Židovi||align=right| 11.868||0,62 % |- | align=left|Ostali||align=right| 14.560||0,77 % |} == Ukupni rezultati po maternjem jeziku == {| {{prettytable}} style="text-align:center;" |- bgcolor="#efefef" ! colspan="5" style="border-right:0px;" | Izvod iz popisa stanovništva BiH 1910. godine |- bgcolor="#efefef" | '''Vjeroispovjest''' | '''Broj''' | '''Udio''' |- | align="left" |srpsko-hrvatski|| align="right" |1.822.564 ||96,02 % |- | align="left" |španski|| align="right" | 7.886 ||0,42 % |- | align="left" |njemački|| align="right" | 22.968 ||1,02 % |- | align="left" |mađarski|| align="right" | 6.443||0,34 % |- | align="left" |češki|| align="right" |7.045 |0,37% |- | align="left" |poljski|| align="right" |10.975 |0,58 % |- | align="left" |rusinski|| align="right" |7.431 |0,39 % |- | align="left" |slovenski|| align="right" |3.108 |0,16 % |- | align="left" |slovački|| align="right" |482 |0,03 % |- | align="left" |italijanski|| align="right" |2.462 |0,13 % |- | align="left" |rumunski|| align="right" |608 |0,03 % |- | align="left" |bugarski|| align="right" |96 |0,01 % |- | align="left" |ruski|| align="right" |28 |0,00 % |- | align="left" |francuski|| align="right" |35 |0,00 % |- | align="left" |engleski|| align="right" |12 |0,00 % |- | align="left" |turski|| align="right" |129 |0,01 % |- | align="left" |arapski|| align="right" |10 |0,00 % |- | align="left" |arbanaški|| align="right" |273 |0,01 % |- | align="left" |grčki|| align="right" |49 |0,00 % |- | align="left" |ciganski|| align="right" |5.419 |0,29 % |- | align="left" |ostali|| align="right" | 21||0,00 % |}<ref>{{Cite news|url=|title=Bošnjak: zvanični kalendar za prostu godinu 1914|last=|first=|date=|work=|publication-place=Sarajevo|publication-date=1913|pages=45-46|access-date=|via=}}</ref> == Također pogledajte == * [[Bošnjaci i popisi stanovništva]] == Vanjski linkovi == * Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine: Demografija, Tematski bilten 02/2007, Sarajevo 2007. godine * Federalni zavod za statistiku: [https://web.archive.org/web/20130919000210/http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/PopisiStanB.htm Stanovništvo BiH po popisima] * [http://www.dlib.si/stream/URN:NBN:SI:doc-NNGU1FYP/891375a1-26c8-4773-b156-8eea431e4f3b/PDF Popis stanovništva u BiH 1910. godine] == Reference == {{refspisak}} {{PopisStanovništvaBiH}} [[Kategorija:Popisi stanovništva u Bosni i Hercegovini|1910]] [[Kategorija:1910. u Bosni i Hercegovini]] [[Kategorija:Popisi stanovništva 1910.|BiH]] [[Kategorija:Bosna i Hercegovina u Austro-Ugarskoj‎]] 375qrqfavn2s4pquzvwepnwlnhh1nq5 0 66160 3426899 3112151 2022-08-01T12:40:02Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Popis stanovništva u Bosni i Hercegovini''' iz 1931. godine je šesti po redu popis izvršen za vrijeme [[Bosna i Hercegovina u Austro-Ugarskoj|Austro-Ugarske okupacije]]. Po [[Popis stanovništva|popisu stanovništva]] na površini od 51.564 km² 1931. godine u [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosni i Hercegovini]] živjelo je 2.323.555 stanovnika. * Broj stanovnika: 2.323.555 * Broj stanovnika ženskog spola: 1.138.515 ( -46.525) * Broj stanovnika muškog spola: 1.185.040 * Broj žena u odnosu prema broju muškaraca 961 : 1000 * broj domaćinstava: 398.238 * veličina prosječnog domaćinstva: 5.8 članova/domaćinstvu * gustoća naseljenosti: 45.1 stanovnika /km² * prosječna starost žena: - godina * prosječna starost muškaraca: - godine<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/PopisiStanB.htm|title = STANOVNIŠTVO BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE PO POPISIMA|work = webarchive.org|accessdate = 5. 7. 2019|archive-date = 19. 9. 2013|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130919000210/https://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/PopisiStanB.htm|url-status = bot: unknown}}</ref> == Ukupni rezultati po vjerskoj osnovi == {| {{prettytable}} style="text-align:center;" |- bgcolor="#efefef" ! colspan=5 style="border-right:0px;" | Izvod iz popisa stanovništva BiH 1931. godine |- bgcolor="#efefef" | '''Vjeroispovjest''' | '''Broj''' | '''Udio''' |- | align=left|Srpski pravoslavci ||align=right|1.028.139 ||44,25 % |- | align=left|Muslimani ||align=right|718,079 ||30,90 % |- | align=left|Rimokatolici ||align=right|547,949 ||23,58 % |- | align=left|Protestanti||align=right|7,094||0,31 % |- | align=left|Ostali||align=right|22,294 ||0,96 % |} == Također pogledajte == * [[Bošnjaci i popisi stanovništva]] == Vanjski linkovi == * Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine: Demografija, Tematski bilten 02/2007, Sarajevo 2007. godine * Federalni zavod za statistiku: [https://web.archive.org/web/20130919000210/http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/PopisiStanB.htm Stanovništvo BiH po popisima] == Reference == {{refspisak}} {{PopisStanovništvaBiH}} [[Kategorija:Popisi stanovništva u Bosni i Hercegovini|1931]] [[Kategorija:1931. u Bosni i Hercegovini]] [[Kategorija:1931. u Jugoslaviji]] [[Kategorija:Popisi stanovništva 1931.|BiH]] 7e4kf9a1ctg7969qcg2fmbdc4miom5s 0 66385 3426900 3235845 2022-08-01T12:53:02Z Bakir123 110053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija politički vođa | ime = Milan Milutinović | slika = Milan Milutinović, official portrait.jpg | redoslijed = [[Predsjednik Srbije|Predsjednik Republike Srbije]] | vrijeme_na_vlasti = [[29. decembar]] [[1997]] – [[29. decembar]] [[2002.]] | prethodnik = Dragan Tomić <small>(privremeno)</small><br/>[[Slobodan Milošević]] | nasljednik = Nataša Mićić <small>(privremeno)</small><br/>[[Boris Tadić]] | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1942|12|19}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Beograd]], Nedićeva Srbija | datum_smrti = | mjesto_smrti = | puno_ime = | nacionalnost = [[Srbi]]n | etnicitet = | politička_stranka = [[Socijalistička partija Srbije]] | supruga = Veselinka Zastavniković {{small|(1980–1996)}}<br>Tatjana Tadić {{small|(1997–2019)}} | supruga = Olga Milutinović (do 2017) | djeca = | obrazovanje = | vjera = | potpis = | web_stranica = | potpis = }} '''Milan Milutinović''' (rođen [[1942]].godine u [[Beograd|Beogradu]]) [[srbija]]nski je političar i bivši [[Predsjednik Srbije|Predsjednik Republike Srbije]] od [[1997.]] do [[2002.]] godine. Od [[2003.]] godine nalazio se u pritvorskoj jedinici [[Haški tribunal|Haškog tribunala]], gdje je bio optužen za ratne zločine na [[Kosovo|Kosovu]] [[1999.]] godine, ali je oslobođen po svim tačkama optužbe.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7911761.stm Kosovo trial clears Serbia leader]</ref> ==Reference== {{Refspisak}} {{Predsjednici Republike Srbije}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Milutinović, Milan}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1942.]] [[Kategorija:Živi ljudi]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Beograd]] [[Kategorija:Srbijanski političari]] nkf5r3d3hlq2quu9s62lr4r59cx0mwq 0 77812 3427046 3260457 2022-08-02T11:19:55Z Palapa 383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija aerodrom | ime = Aerodrom Zadar | izvorno ime = Zračna luka Zadar<ref name="zadar-airport.hr">http://www.zadar-airport.hr/opci-podaci</ref> | izvorno ime-a = | izvorno ime-r = | slika = Zadar airport terminal croatia.JPG | slika-širina = | opis = | IATA = ZAD | ICAO = LDZD | vrsta = Civilni aerodrom | vlasnik = [[Hrvatska|Republika Hrvatska]] 55%, [[Zadarska županija]] 20%, [[Zadar|Grad Zadar]] 20%, [[Zemunik Donji|Općina Zemunik Donji]] 5%. | operator = Zračna luka Zadar | grad = [[Zadar]], Hrvatska | lokacija = | visina-m = 88 | koordinate = {{coor dms|44|06|30|N|015|20|48|E|type:airport}} | website = [http://www.zadar-airport.hr/ Službena stranica] | metar-visina = | metar-r = | r1-broj = 04/22 | r1-dužina-m = 2.000 | r1-površina = Asfalt | r2-broj = 14/32 | r2-dužina-m = 2.500 | r2-površina = Beton | h1-broj = | h1-dužina-m = | h1-površina = | h2-broj = | h2-dužina-m = | h2-površina = | stat-god = | stat1-naziv = | stat1-podatak = | stat2-naziv = | stat2-podatak = | fusnota = }} [[Datoteka:Airport Zadar.jpg|mini|desno|Pogled iz zraka na aerodrom u Zadru]] '''Aerodrom Zadar'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.croatianairports.com/hr/ZracnaLukaZadar.aspx|title=Zračna luka Zadar|website=www.croatianairports.com|accessdate=2017-06-07|archive-date=28. 6. 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628203326/http://www.croatianairports.com/hr/ZracnaLukaZadar.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> ({{hr|Zračna luka Zadar}}, IATA identifikacijski kod '''ZAD''') jedan je od devet aerodroma u [[Hrvatska|Hrvatskoj]]. Osnovan je [[1968]]. godine u blizini naselja [[Zemunik Donji]] i udaljen je 7&nbsp;[[Kilometar|km]] istočno od [[Zadar|Zadra]]. Nalazi se na [[Nadmorska visina|nadmorskoj visini]] od 88&nbsp;m.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://zadarski.slobodnadalmacija.hr/zadar-plus/clanak/id/483147/porsche-na-zadarskom-aerodromu-promovira-svoje-nove-modele|title=Porsche na zadarskom aerodromu promovira svoje nove modele!|newspaper=Zadarski.hr|language=hr-HR|access-date=2017-09-18}}</ref> Najveći je zrakoplovni centar u Hrvatskoj.{{izvor}} Zbog dvije [[Uzletno-sletna staza|uzletno-sletne staze]] (u okomitim odnosima) u mogućnosti je prihvatiti zrakoplove bez obzira na vremenske uslove. Specijaliziran je za prihvat i održavanje vatrogasnih zrakoplova ([[Canadair CL-215|Canadaira]] i [[Air Tractor AT-802|Air traktora]]) kojima je ujedno i matični aerodrom. Ujedno je i baza Hrvatskog ratnog zrakoplovstva ovlaštena za obrazovanje i trening profesionalnih pilota. Opremljen je sa opremom: [[Mil Mi-8|Mi-8]], [[Mil Mi-17|Mi-17]], [[Air Tractor AT-802|AT-802]], [[Pilatus PC-9|PC-9]], [[Zlin Z-242|Zlin 242]], [[Bell 206|Bell-206B-3]]. U sklopu Zračne luke Zadar djeluje i Lufthansina škola letenja ''InterCockpit''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.057info.hr/vijesti/2017-08-12/na-zadarskom-aerodromu-lete-rekordi-vikendom-slijecu-avioni-i-do-ponoci|title=Na zadarskom aerodromu lete rekordi, vikendom slijeću avioni i do ponoći|last=+385.23.309171|first=Futuro Internet Studio, Grgura Budislavića 99, HR-23000 Zadar, Croatia,|newspaper=057info|access-date=2017-09-18}}</ref> Tokom [[Domovinski rat|Domovinskog rata]] aerodrom je u potpunosti devastiran.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://zadarski.slobodnadalmacija.hr/4-kantuna/clanak/id/503062/jos-se-ne-zna-tko-ce-biti-direktor-zadarskog-aerodroma|title=Još se ne zna tko će biti direktor zadarskog aerodroma|newspaper=Zadarski.hr|language=hr-HR|access-date=2017-09-18}}</ref> Obnovljena Zračna luka Zadar u vlasništvu je [[Hrvatska|Republike Hrvatske]] s udjelom 55%, [[Zadarska županija|Zadarske županije]] s 20%, grada [[Zadar|Zadra]] s 20%, te općine [[Zemunik Donji]] s 5%. Zračna luka Zadar je važan faktor u povezivanju sjeverne [[Dalmacija|Dalmacije]] i [[Lika|Like]] s ostalim djelovima Hrvatske i svijeta, kao i za Hrvatsko ratno zrakoplovstvo. Zbog uspostave novih zračnih linija početkom [[2007.]] godine dodatno je proširena zgrada putničkog terminala, čime je Zračna luka Zadar osposobljena za prihvat daleko većeg broja putnika. Od [[2008.]] godine posjeduje i VIP terminal, te je time postao omiljeni aerodrom bogatim gostima koji anonimno privatnim zrakoplovima posjećuju Hrvatsku. [[Zadar]] je redovnim letovima [[Croatia Airlines]]a povezan sa [[Zagreb]]om i [[Pula|Pulom]]; [[Lufthansa]] sa [[Munchen]]om, [[Germanwings]] povezuje Zadar s [[Köln]]om, [[Stuttgart]]om i [[Dortmund]]om, [[Ryanair]] s [[London]]om, [[Dublin]]om, [[Oslo]]om, [[Düsseldorf]]om, [[Bruxelles]]om, [[London]]om, te [[Intersky]] sa [[Friedrichshafen]]om. Charter letovima Zadar ima i direktnu zračnu vezu s [[Zürich]]om, [[Augsburg]]om, [[Bozen]]om, [[Innsbruck]]om i [[Linz]]om. == Planovi za proširenje == U [[2012.]] godini započinje se s proširenjem uzletno-sletnih staza i povećanjem putničke zgrade. == Reference == {{refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.zadar-airport.hr/ Zračna luka Zadar] {{WProjekti |commons = |commonshr = |commonscat = Aerodrom Zadar |commonscathr = Zračna luka Zadar }}{{Aerodromi u Hrvatskoj}} {{Commonscat|Zadar airport}} [[Kategorija:Aerodromi u Hrvatskoj|Zadar]] [[Kategorija:Građevine u Zadru]] 2baa0fqmxssoufb31lgnsuqcx5rxxuw 0 77832 3427045 3260456 2022-08-02T11:17:20Z Palapa 383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija aerodrom | ime = Aerodrom Varaždin | izvorno ime = Zračno pristanište Varaždin | izvorno ime-a = | izvorno ime-r = | slika = Vara%C5%BEdinski_aerodrom_1.jpg | slika-širina = 150px | opis = Kontrolni toranj varaždinskog aerodroma | IATA = | ICAO = LDVA | vrsta = Aerodrom za poseban zračni saobraćaj | vlasnik-operator= | vlasnik = | operater = Diamond Aircraft Croatia d.o.o. | grad = [[Varaždin]] | lokacija = | izgrađen = | upotreba = | visina-m = 166 | koordinate = {{coor dms|46|17|39|N|16|23|00|E|type:airport}} | website = [http://www.varazdinairfield.com/ Službena stranica] | r1-broj = 16/34 | r1-dužina-m = 1730 | r1-površina = asfalt | h1-broj = | h1-dužina-m = | h1-površina = | stat-god = | stat1-naziv = | stat1-podatak = | stat2-naziv = | stat2-podatak = | fusnota = }} '''Aerodrom Varaždin (ICAO: LDVA)''' je [[aerodrom]] u [[Hrvatska|Hrvatskoj]]. Namijenjen je za poseban [[zračni saobraćaj]], odnosno za prihvat i otpremu [[avion]]a. Nalazi se dva kilometra istočno od grada [[Varaždin]]a. Varaždinski aerodrom ima asfaltiranu stazu dugu 1730 m i široku 30 m. Na aerodromu djeluju službe carine, granične policije, vatrogasaca i hitne službe. Aerodrom nudi i usluge servisa poslovnih aviona.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.croatianairports.com/hr/VarazdinAerodrom.aspx|title=Aerodrom Varaždin|website=www.croatianairports.com|language=hr|accessdate=2018-02-22|archive-date=10. 3. 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310123029/http://www.croatianairports.com/hr/VarazdinAerodrom.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> Po Ugovoru o upravljanju i korištenju varaždinskog aerodroma, sklopljenog između Grada Varaždina i Parkova d.o.o. kao Upravitelja, Parkovi d.o.o. su operater Aerodroma Varaždin.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://parkovi.eu/|title=Parkovi d.o.o. su dioničko društvo za komunalne i hortikulturne djelatnosti|website=Parkovi d.o.o.|language=hr|access-date=2022-08-02}}</ref> == Reference == {{refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080516083232/http://www.varazdinairfield.com/ Službene stranice] {{Aerodromi u Hrvatskoj}} {{stub-aerodrom-hrvatska}} [[Kategorija:Aerodromi u Hrvatskoj|Varaždin]] [[Kategorija:Građevine u Varaždinu]] p5a0opulnfanl92x8rajx8tbrqt2xs7 0 88742 3426981 3328553 2022-08-01T22:32:17Z Selma373 137534 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Die Illyrischen Stamme (German).png|mini|desno|Ilirska plemena na Balkanu - Autarijati su držali prostor istočne Bosne, zapadne Srbije i sjeverne Crne Gore.]] '''Autarijati''' ([[grčki jezik|grčki:]] Αὐταριάται) su bili [[Iliri|lirsko]] [[pleme]] koje je doživjelo svoj uspon između VI i IV stoljeća p. n. e. O njihovom prisustvu u zapadnim i centralnim dijelovima [[Balkan]]a postoje mnogi [[historija|historijski]] podaci, [[filologija|filološki]] nalazi i veliki broj tragova materijalne prirode. Istraživanja o Autarijatima i [[glasinačka kultura|glasinačkoj kulturi]] ([[Glasinac]], visoravan u općini [[Sokolac]]) iz starijeg [[željezno doba|željeznog doba]] započela su krajem XIX stoljeća. Poručnik Johan Leksa, prilikom izgradnje puta Han Podromanija-[[Rogatica]], otvorio je prve tumule na visoravni (lokalitet Glasinačko polje-[[Bjelosavljevići]]) i tom prilikom je u jednom tumulu iz grupe kraj rijeke Rešetnice naišao, među ostalim nalazima, i na čuvena bronzana '''glasinačka kultna kolica''' koje "vuku" dvije ptice. [[Glasinačka kolica]], koja se čuvaju u muzeju u [[Beč]]u, postala su dio udžbenika, knjiga i literature širom svijeta.<ref name="Basler">{{Cite web |url=https://de.scribd.com/doc/177015405/Kulturna-Istorija-BiH |title=Alojz Benac-Đuro Basler-Borivoj Ćović-Esad Pašalić-Nada Miletić-Pavao Anđelić - - KULTURNA ISTORIJA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE |work=Veselin Masleša, Sarajevo, 1966 |access-date=9. 2. 2016 }}{{Mrtav link|datum=Oktobar 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> Krajem XX stoljeća značajno je porastao interes za ovu temu. Sveobuhvatnu studiju o Autarijatima napisao je historičar [[Salmedin Mesihović]].<ref name="Historija Autarijata">{{Cite web |url= http://www.ff-eizdavastvo.ba/Books/Historija_Autarijata.pdf |title= Salmedin Mesihović: Historija Autarijata |work= Filozofski fakultet Sarajevo, 2014. |access-date= 9. 2. 2016 |archive-date= 21. 3. 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160321104842/http://www.ff-eizdavastvo.ba/Books/Historija_Autarijata.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref> ==Antički historičari o Autarijatima== Historičar [[Apijan]] (oko 165.-90. godine p. n. e.) navodi grčku legendu da su Iliri dobili ime po mitskom Ilirijonu koji je imao sinove Enheleja, Autarija, Dardana, Meda, Taulanta i Pereba, a kćerke Partu, Daortu, Dasaru i druge, koji su svi bili rodonačelnici plemena; redom: [[Enhilejci|Enhilejaca]], Autarijata, [[Dardanci|Dardanaca]], [[Medi|Meda]], [[Taulanti|Taulanata]], [[Perebi|Pereba]], [[Partini|Partina]], [[Daorsi|Daorsa]] i [[Desareti|Desareta]]. Autarijej je imao sina Panonija ili Pajona, a Pajon sinove Skordiska i Tribala i po njima su dobili svoja imena [[Skordisci]] i Tribali.<ref name="Autarijati">{{Cite web |url= https://books.google.de/books?id=cK83AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA336&lpg=PA336&dq=Autarijati&source=bl&ots=2V90FfNv_W&sig=4VVZZ6Q2Ahei0oO9nhAi9t5nVEg&hl=sr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiimvWh_tvXAhXMDOwKHftsBFU4ChDoAQgtMAE#v=onepage&q=Autarijati&f=false |title= Salmedin Mesihović: Autarijati |work= Sarajevo, 2007. |access-date= 9. 2. 2016}}</ref> [[Pseudo-Skilaks]] (Skilaks iz Karijande, grčki istraživač iz VI stoljeća p. n. e.) smješta Autarijate sjeverno od "velikog jezera", moguće [[Skadarsko jezero|Skadarskog jezera]] (ili možda [[Hutovo blato|Hutovog blata]]). Strabon navodi da ih je bilo i u donjem [[Pomoravlje|Pomoravlju]]. [[Teopomp]] (grčki historičar, oko 380-300. godine p. n. e.) zabilježio je priču koja govori o tome kako su [[Kelti]], budući da nisu mogli nadjačati Autarijate, pribjegli lukavstvu; znajući da im je neprijatelj sklon piću, priredili su gozbu i potrudili se da Autarijati saznaju za nju. Autarijati su napali, a Kelti se odmah povukli. Ubrzo su Autarijati navalili na hranu i piće i toliko se opili da su ih Kelti lahko savladali. ==Historija== {{Glavni|Autarijati i Ardijejci|Autarijati i Kelti}} Porijeklo Autarijata se može pratiti unazad kroz historiju sve do proto-Ilirskih stanovnika koji su u [[bronzano doba]] naseljavali područja u jugoistočnoj [[Bosna|Bosni]] i gornjem [[Podrinje|Podrinju]], u VI stoljeću i oko rijeka [[Lim]], [[Tara]] i [[Piva]] te planina [[Povlen]] i [[Maljen]] do [[Pešter]]a, a u V stoljeću prodrli su dublje u teritoriju današnje [[Srbija|Srbije]]. Prije pohoda na [[Persija|Persiju]], [[Aleksandar Makedonski]] je u cilju učvršćivanja sjevernih granica carstva pokorio ilirsko pleme [[Tribali]], a Autarijati su iskoristili priliku i proširili se i na teritorije oslabljenih Tribala.<ref name="Papazoglu">{{Cite web |url= https://de.scribd.com/document/117790882/Autarijati|title= Fanula Papazoglu, -Srednjobalkanska plemena u predrimsko doba. Tribali, Autarijati, Dardanci, Skordisci i Mezi |work= AKADEMIJA NAUKA I UMJETNOSTI BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE - DJELA KNJIGA XXX , CENTAR ZA BALKANOLOŠKA ISPITIVANJA Knjiga l. SARAJEVO, 1969 |access-date= 9. 2. 2016}}</ref> Seobe naroda kulture polja sa urnama(žara) ([[engleski jezik|en.]]: urnfield people, [[njemački jezik|njem.]] Urnenfelderkultur) su značajno izmijenile etničku i kulturnu strukturu [[Podunavlje|Podunavlja]], ali njihove seobe nisu u značajnoj mjeri uticale na područje glasinačke kulture u kasnom bronzanom dobu. Stabilizacija koja je uslijedila nakon seoba pokrenula je brzi etnički, kulturni i [[politika|politički]] razvoj zajednice Autarijata. Kao posljedica toga, njihova društvena i politička struktura postala je složenija; plemenska organizacija je prerasla u principate-kneževine sa utvrđenim teritorijama oko VIII stoljeća p. n. e. U tumulusima napravljenim između VII i VI stoljeća pronađeni su veoma bogati "[[Arareva gromila|kneževski grobovi]]" u kojima su sahranjivani pripadnici mjesnih dinastija. Zbog brojnih vanjskih političkih i [[ekonomija|ekonomskih]] faktora, zajednice Autarijata su se u kasnom VI stoljeću p. n. e. ujedinile u jedno ''političko biće''. Nakon ujedinjenja, Autarijati se počinju širiti; pretežno na istok, na teritorije plemena Tribali. Osim toga, proširili su se i na jug gdje su nadvladali Ardijejce, njihove stare suparnike s kojima su se dugo vremena borili za kontrolu nad pašnjacima i slanim izvorima. Historičar i arheolog [[J.J. Wilkes]] navodi da se jedan od slanih izvora oko koga su se ova dva ilirska plemena sukubljavala nalazio u blizini Orahovice, mjesta u gornjem toku rijeke [[Neretva|Neretve]], kod [[Konjic]]a. Djelovanje Autarijata na prelazu između VI i V stoljeća p. n. e. ostavilo je dubok uticaj na komšije koje su bili pogođeni njihovom ekspanzijom. Ardijejci su se pomjerili ka obali [[Jadransko more|Jadranskog mora]], a Tribali dalje na istok. Ekspanzija Autarijata omogućila im je uspostavljanja [[hegemonija|hegemonističke]] kontrole nad datim dijelom [[Balkansko poluostrvo|Balkanskog poluostrva]]. Vladajuća klasa dostigla je vrhunac svog političkog i ekonomskog razvoja u V stoljeću p. n. e. što se može zaključiti iz velikog broja bogatih [[Tumuli ilirskih kneževa|kraljevskih tumulusa]] i grobova iz tog vremena. Grčki historičar, geograf i filozof [[Strabon]] (oko 64. p. n. e. 24. godine n. e.) napisao je o Autarijatima da su "nekada bili najveći i najjači među Ilirima", vjerovatno misleći na navedeni period. Nakon dostizanja ovog vrhunca kod Autarijata počinje faza postepenog opadanja koje završava oko 310. godine p. n. e. njihovim iznenadnim nestankom, i to prije rimskih osvajanja, a vjerovatno zbog migracija [[Autarijati i Kelti|Kelta]]. [[Diodor]] (grčki historičar iz I stoljeća) kaže da ih je grčki vladar [[Kasandar]] (vladao Makedonijom od 305-297. godine p. n. e.) naselio oko planina Orbela ([[Belasica]]). Nedugo zatim tu su ih asimilirali Dardanci.<ref name="Papazoglu"/> ==Kulturni običaji== {{Glavni|Glasinačka kultura}} Jedan od običaja koji su Autarijati praktikovali bilo je ubijanje slabih i ranjenih članova njihove zajednice. Ovim su vjerovatno pokušali spriječiti da njihovi nejaki pripadnici padnu u ruke neprijateljskih plemena i tamo budu mučeni. Naime, J.J. Wilkes navodi da su Autarijati koristili lobanje neprijatelja kao vrčeve za piće, a neprijateljske zarobljenike sakatili i zato nisu željeli da slična ili ista sudbina zadesi i njihove pripadnike. Autarijati su za sobom ostavili veliki broj tragova materijalne prirode. Do sada je otkriveno više od 100 ostataka ''[[gradina]]'' u kojima su Autarijati obitavali i nekoliko hiljada [[Tumuli|tumulusa]] u kojima su sahranjivani. Manji predmeti poput nakita (npr. veoma lijepo izrađene i ukrašene narukvice) i oružja (koplja, mačevi, kacige) otkrivaju mnoge posebnosti originalne etno-kulture Autarijata. Autarijati su imali i kontinuiranu tradiciju proizvodnje [[metal (hemija)|metal]]nih i [[keramika|keramičkih]] predmeta. Pronađene metalne pločice na bogato ukrašenim [[zlato|zlatnim]] i [[srebro|srebrnim]] pojasevima tipa ''Mramorac'' ukazuju na vrijednost ove tradicije.<ref name="Glasinac Vasić">{{Cite web |url= http://www.balkaninstitut.com/pdf/izdanja/balcanica/balcanica%2035/03%20Vasic.pdf |title= Rastko Vasić: Beleške o Glasincu - Autarijati |work=Arheološki institut - Beograd |access-date= 9. 2. 2016}}</ref> Autarijati su tipičan primjer naroda "gorštaka" koji je sačuvao i sve karakteristike gorštačkog mentaliteta što je vidljivo iz njihovog pridržavanja uz stara vjerovanja. Dokaz za to su pogrebni običaji spaljivanja mrtvih u tumulusima, običaji koji su ostali neizmijenjeni sve do kraja glasinačke kulture. [[Arheologija|Arheološki]] nalazi ukazuju da su Autarijati u svojim [[Ilirska religija|religioznim]] običajima poštovali [[kult]] predaka i kult [[bog]]a sunca. Također se mogu pronaći brojni dokazi o postojanju kulta sunca na područjima koja su nekada bila pod kontrolom Autarijata. Ekonomija Autarijata bila je zasnovana na uzgoju [[Stoka|stoke]], obradi metala, rukotvorinama i [[trgovina|trgovini]]. Ovo je ilirsko pleme izražavalo značajnu potražnju za dobrima koja su prizvodili Grci i [[Italici]] i to je bio razlog veoma razvijenoj trgovini koju su imali sa grčkim i italijanskim trgovcima u VII i VI stoljeću p. n. e. U [[Zemaljski muzej Bosne i Hercegovine|Zemaljskom muzeju]] u [[Sarajevo|Sarajevu]] čuvaju se predmeti pronađeni u [[Tumuli|grobnim gomilama]] na [[Glasinac|Glasincu]] kao dio stalne postavke "Bosna i Hercegovina u prahistorijsko doba" ==Napomene== *Mada se smatra da su nosioci glasinačke kulture bili Autarijati i da se čitav kulturni kompleks može vezati za Ilire ima i drugačijih tvrdnji. *Tvrdi se da je planina Tara u [[Srbija|Srbiji]] dobila ime prema plemenu Autarijata. == Literatura == * J. J. Wilkes, The Illyrians, 1992, {{ISBN|0-631-19807-5}} * Salmedin Mesihović, Amra Šačić, Filozofski fakultet u Sarajevu, 2015 -HISTORIJA ILIRA == Reference == {{Refspisak}} ==Vanjski linkovi== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120226142644/http://www.zemaljskimuzej.ba/arheologija/prahistorija.php Zemaljski muzej u Sarajevu] *[http://montenegrina.net/pages/pages1/istorija/predslovenski/crna_gora_do_doseljavanja_slovena.htm Digitalna biblioteka Montenegrina] *[http://www.culturenet.hr/default.aspx?id=23087&pregled=1&datum=12.12.2008%208:35:23 Web centar hrvatske kulture] *[http://elvewan.atspace.com/etnicka_slika.htm Sajt o historiji] *[http://miruhbosne.com/2016/09/27/glasinac-tragovi-historije/ Glasinac]{{Mrtav link|datum=Oktobar 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }} {{Iliri}} [[Kategorija:Ilirska plemena]] [[Kategorija:Bosna i Hercegovina u vrijeme Ilira]] [[Kategorija:Glasinačka kultura]] cy28b8636ge64aiyhsgv6kdimu10am3 3427004 3426981 2022-08-02T04:50:35Z KWiki 9400 Ne mogu biti italijanski u ovom periodu. wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Die Illyrischen Stamme (German).png|mini|desno|Ilirska plemena na Balkanu - Autarijati su držali prostor istočne Bosne, zapadne Srbije i sjeverne Crne Gore.]] '''Autarijati''' ([[grčki jezik|grčki:]] Αὐταριάται) su bili [[Iliri|lirsko]] [[pleme]] koje je doživjelo svoj uspon između VI i IV stoljeća p. n. e. O njihovom prisustvu u zapadnim i centralnim dijelovima [[Balkan]]a postoje mnogi [[historija|historijski]] podaci, [[filologija|filološki]] nalazi i veliki broj tragova materijalne prirode. Istraživanja o Autarijatima i [[glasinačka kultura|glasinačkoj kulturi]] ([[Glasinac]], visoravan u općini [[Sokolac]]) iz starijeg [[željezno doba|željeznog doba]] započela su krajem XIX stoljeća. Poručnik Johan Leksa, prilikom izgradnje puta Han Podromanija-[[Rogatica]], otvorio je prve tumule na visoravni (lokalitet Glasinačko polje-[[Bjelosavljevići]]) i tom prilikom je u jednom tumulu iz grupe kraj rijeke Rešetnice naišao, među ostalim nalazima, i na čuvena bronzana '''glasinačka kultna kolica''' koje "vuku" dvije ptice. [[Glasinačka kolica]], koja se čuvaju u muzeju u [[Beč]]u, postala su dio udžbenika, knjiga i literature širom svijeta.<ref name="Basler">{{Cite web |url=https://de.scribd.com/doc/177015405/Kulturna-Istorija-BiH |title=Alojz Benac-Đuro Basler-Borivoj Ćović-Esad Pašalić-Nada Miletić-Pavao Anđelić - - KULTURNA ISTORIJA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE |work=Veselin Masleša, Sarajevo, 1966 |access-date=9. 2. 2016 }}{{Mrtav link|datum=Oktobar 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> Krajem XX stoljeća značajno je porastao interes za ovu temu. Sveobuhvatnu studiju o Autarijatima napisao je historičar [[Salmedin Mesihović]].<ref name="Historija Autarijata">{{Cite web |url= http://www.ff-eizdavastvo.ba/Books/Historija_Autarijata.pdf |title= Salmedin Mesihović: Historija Autarijata |work= Filozofski fakultet Sarajevo, 2014. |access-date= 9. 2. 2016 |archive-date= 21. 3. 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160321104842/http://www.ff-eizdavastvo.ba/Books/Historija_Autarijata.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref> ==Antički historičari o Autarijatima== Historičar [[Apijan]] (oko 165.-90. godine p. n. e.) navodi grčku legendu da su Iliri dobili ime po mitskom Ilirijonu koji je imao sinove Enheleja, Autarija, Dardana, Meda, Taulanta i Pereba, a kćerke Partu, Daortu, Dasaru i druge, koji su svi bili rodonačelnici plemena; redom: [[Enhilejci|Enhilejaca]], Autarijata, [[Dardanci|Dardanaca]], [[Medi|Meda]], [[Taulanti|Taulanata]], [[Perebi|Pereba]], [[Partini|Partina]], [[Daorsi|Daorsa]] i [[Desareti|Desareta]]. Autarijej je imao sina Panonija ili Pajona, a Pajon sinove Skordiska i Tribala i po njima su dobili svoja imena [[Skordisci]] i Tribali.<ref name="Autarijati">{{Cite web |url= https://books.google.de/books?id=cK83AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA336&lpg=PA336&dq=Autarijati&source=bl&ots=2V90FfNv_W&sig=4VVZZ6Q2Ahei0oO9nhAi9t5nVEg&hl=sr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiimvWh_tvXAhXMDOwKHftsBFU4ChDoAQgtMAE#v=onepage&q=Autarijati&f=false |title= Salmedin Mesihović: Autarijati |work= Sarajevo, 2007. |access-date= 9. 2. 2016}}</ref> [[Pseudo-Skilaks]] (Skilaks iz Karijande, grčki istraživač iz VI stoljeća p. n. e.) smješta Autarijate sjeverno od "velikog jezera", moguće [[Skadarsko jezero|Skadarskog jezera]] (ili možda [[Hutovo blato|Hutovog blata]]). Strabon navodi da ih je bilo i u donjem [[Pomoravlje|Pomoravlju]]. [[Teopomp]] (grčki historičar, oko 380-300. godine p. n. e.) zabilježio je priču koja govori o tome kako su [[Kelti]], budući da nisu mogli nadjačati Autarijate, pribjegli lukavstvu; znajući da im je neprijatelj sklon piću, priredili su gozbu i potrudili se da Autarijati saznaju za nju. Autarijati su napali, a Kelti se odmah povukli. Ubrzo su Autarijati navalili na hranu i piće i toliko se opili da su ih Kelti lahko savladali. ==Historija== {{Glavni|Autarijati i Ardijejci|Autarijati i Kelti}} Porijeklo Autarijata se može pratiti unazad kroz historiju sve do proto-Ilirskih stanovnika koji su u [[bronzano doba]] naseljavali područja u jugoistočnoj [[Bosna|Bosni]] i gornjem [[Podrinje|Podrinju]], u VI stoljeću i oko rijeka [[Lim]], [[Tara]] i [[Piva]] te planina [[Povlen]] i [[Maljen]] do [[Pešter]]a, a u V stoljeću prodrli su dublje u teritoriju današnje [[Srbija|Srbije]]. Prije pohoda na [[Persija|Persiju]], [[Aleksandar Makedonski]] je u cilju učvršćivanja sjevernih granica carstva pokorio ilirsko pleme [[Tribali]], a Autarijati su iskoristili priliku i proširili se i na teritorije oslabljenih Tribala.<ref name="Papazoglu">{{Cite web |url= https://de.scribd.com/document/117790882/Autarijati|title= Fanula Papazoglu, -Srednjobalkanska plemena u predrimsko doba. Tribali, Autarijati, Dardanci, Skordisci i Mezi |work= AKADEMIJA NAUKA I UMJETNOSTI BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE - DJELA KNJIGA XXX , CENTAR ZA BALKANOLOŠKA ISPITIVANJA Knjiga l. SARAJEVO, 1969 |access-date= 9. 2. 2016}}</ref> Seobe naroda kulture polja sa urnama(žara) ([[engleski jezik|en.]]: urnfield people, [[njemački jezik|njem.]] Urnenfelderkultur) su značajno izmijenile etničku i kulturnu strukturu [[Podunavlje|Podunavlja]], ali njihove seobe nisu u značajnoj mjeri uticale na područje glasinačke kulture u kasnom bronzanom dobu. Stabilizacija koja je uslijedila nakon seoba pokrenula je brzi etnički, kulturni i [[politika|politički]] razvoj zajednice Autarijata. Kao posljedica toga, njihova društvena i politička struktura postala je složenija; plemenska organizacija je prerasla u principate-kneževine sa utvrđenim teritorijama oko VIII stoljeća p. n. e. U tumulusima napravljenim između VII i VI stoljeća pronađeni su veoma bogati "[[Arareva gromila|kneževski grobovi]]" u kojima su sahranjivani pripadnici mjesnih dinastija. Zbog brojnih vanjskih političkih i [[ekonomija|ekonomskih]] faktora, zajednice Autarijata su se u kasnom VI stoljeću p. n. e. ujedinile u jedno ''političko biće''. Nakon ujedinjenja, Autarijati se počinju širiti; pretežno na istok, na teritorije plemena Tribali. Osim toga, proširili su se i na jug gdje su nadvladali Ardijejce, njihove stare suparnike s kojima su se dugo vremena borili za kontrolu nad pašnjacima i slanim izvorima. Historičar i arheolog [[J.J. Wilkes]] navodi da se jedan od slanih izvora oko koga su se ova dva ilirska plemena sukubljavala nalazio u blizini Orahovice, mjesta u gornjem toku rijeke [[Neretva|Neretve]], kod [[Konjic]]a. Djelovanje Autarijata na prelazu između VI i V stoljeća p. n. e. ostavilo je dubok utjecaj na susjede koji su bili pogođeni njihovom ekspanzijom. Ardijejci su se pomjerili ka obali [[Jadransko more|Jadranskog mora]], a Tribali dalje na istok. Ekspanzija Autarijata omogućila im je uspostavljanja [[hegemonija|hegemonističke]] kontrole nad datim dijelom [[Balkansko poluostrvo|Balkanskog poluostrva]]. Vladajuća klasa dostigla je vrhunac svog političkog i ekonomskog razvoja u V stoljeću p. n. e. što se može zaključiti iz velikog broja bogatih [[Tumuli ilirskih kneževa|kraljevskih tumulusa]] i grobova iz tog vremena. Grčki historičar, geograf i filozof [[Strabon]] (oko 64. p. n. e. 24. godine n. e.) napisao je o Autarijatima da su "nekada bili najveći i najjači među Ilirima", vjerovatno misleći na navedeni period. Nakon dostizanja ovog vrhunca kod Autarijata počinje faza postepenog opadanja koje završava oko 310. godine p. n. e. njihovim iznenadnim nestankom, i to prije rimskih osvajanja, a vjerovatno zbog migracija [[Autarijati i Kelti|Kelta]]. [[Diodor]] (grčki historičar iz I stoljeća) kaže da ih je grčki vladar [[Kasandar]] (vladao Makedonijom od 305-297. godine p. n. e.) naselio oko planina Orbela ([[Belasica]]). Nedugo zatim tu su ih asimilirali Dardanci.<ref name="Papazoglu"/> ==Kulturni običaji== {{Glavni|Glasinačka kultura}} Jedan od običaja koji su Autarijati praktikovali bilo je ubijanje slabih i ranjenih članova njihove zajednice. Ovim su vjerovatno pokušali spriječiti da njihovi nejaki pripadnici padnu u ruke neprijateljskih plemena i tamo budu mučeni. Naime, J.J. Wilkes navodi da su Autarijati koristili lobanje neprijatelja kao vrčeve za piće, a neprijateljske zarobljenike sakatili i zato nisu željeli da slična ili ista sudbina zadesi i njihove pripadnike. Autarijati su za sobom ostavili veliki broj tragova materijalne prirode. Do sada je otkriveno više od 100 ostataka ''[[gradina]]'' u kojima su Autarijati obitavali i nekoliko hiljada [[Tumuli|tumulusa]] u kojima su sahranjivani. Manji predmeti poput nakita (npr. veoma lijepo izrađene i ukrašene narukvice) i oružja (koplja, mačevi, kacige) otkrivaju mnoge posebnosti originalne etno-kulture Autarijata. Autarijati su imali i kontinuiranu tradiciju proizvodnje [[metal (hemija)|metal]]nih i [[keramika|keramičkih]] predmeta. Pronađene metalne pločice na bogato ukrašenim [[zlato|zlatnim]] i [[srebro|srebrnim]] pojasevima tipa ''Mramorac'' ukazuju na vrijednost ove tradicije.<ref name="Glasinac Vasić">{{Cite web |url= http://www.balkaninstitut.com/pdf/izdanja/balcanica/balcanica%2035/03%20Vasic.pdf |title= Rastko Vasić: Beleške o Glasincu - Autarijati |work=Arheološki institut - Beograd |access-date= 9. 2. 2016}}</ref> Autarijati su tipičan primjer naroda "gorštaka" koji je sačuvao i sve karakteristike gorštačkog mentaliteta što je vidljivo iz njihovog pridržavanja uz stara vjerovanja. Dokaz za to su pogrebni običaji spaljivanja mrtvih u tumulusima, običaji koji su ostali neizmijenjeni sve do kraja glasinačke kulture. [[Arheologija|Arheološki]] nalazi ukazuju da su Autarijati u svojim [[Ilirska religija|religioznim]] običajima poštovali [[kult]] predaka i kult [[bog]]a sunca. Također se mogu pronaći brojni dokazi o postojanju kulta sunca na područjima koja su nekada bila pod kontrolom Autarijata. Ekonomija Autarijata bila je zasnovana na uzgoju [[Stoka|stoke]], obradi metala, rukotvorinama i [[trgovina|trgovini]]. Ovo je ilirsko pleme izražavalo znatnu potražnju za dobrima koja su proizvodili Grci i [[Italici]] i to je bio razlog za veoma razvijenu trgovinu koju su imali s grčkim i italskim trgovcima u 7. i 6. stoljeću p. n. e. U [[Zemaljski muzej Bosne i Hercegovine|Zemaljskom muzeju]] u [[Sarajevo|Sarajevu]] čuvaju se predmeti pronađeni u [[Tumuli|grobnim gomilama]] na [[Glasinac|Glasincu]] kao dio stalne postavke "Bosna i Hercegovina u prahistorijsko doba" ==Napomene== *Mada se smatra da su nosioci glasinačke kulture bili Autarijati i da se čitav kulturni kompleks može vezati za Ilire ima i drugačijih tvrdnji. *Tvrdi se da je planina Tara u [[Srbija|Srbiji]] dobila ime prema plemenu Autarijata. == Literatura == * J. J. Wilkes, The Illyrians, 1992, {{ISBN|0-631-19807-5}} * Salmedin Mesihović, Amra Šačić, Filozofski fakultet u Sarajevu, 2015 -HISTORIJA ILIRA == Reference == {{Refspisak}} ==Vanjski linkovi== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120226142644/http://www.zemaljskimuzej.ba/arheologija/prahistorija.php Zemaljski muzej u Sarajevu] *[http://montenegrina.net/pages/pages1/istorija/predslovenski/crna_gora_do_doseljavanja_slovena.htm Digitalna biblioteka Montenegrina] *[http://www.culturenet.hr/default.aspx?id=23087&pregled=1&datum=12.12.2008%208:35:23 Web centar hrvatske kulture] *[http://elvewan.atspace.com/etnicka_slika.htm Sajt o historiji] *[http://miruhbosne.com/2016/09/27/glasinac-tragovi-historije/ Glasinac]{{Mrtav link|datum=Oktobar 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }} {{Iliri}} [[Kategorija:Ilirska plemena]] [[Kategorija:Bosna i Hercegovina u vrijeme Ilira]] [[Kategorija:Glasinačka kultura]] 2i9c395hswy2s21bqaswn9k2sqm6yp7 0 92330 3426953 3424594 2022-08-01T20:43:52Z Amaar63 144256 statistike wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Lewis Hamilton | slika = Lewis_Hamilton_2017_Malaysia.jpg | opis_slike = Hamilton na [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|Velikoj nagradi Malezije 2017.]] | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1985|01|07}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Stevenage]], [[UK]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|UK}} [[Englezi|Britanac]] | pocetak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] | broj_bolida = '''<span style="padding:1px 3px; color:#FFFFFF; background-color:#00D2BE;">44</span>''' | trke = 301 | prvenstva = 7<br/>([[Formula 1 – sezona 2008.|2008]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020]]) | pobjede = 103 | podiji = 188 | bodovi = 4311.5 | prve_startne_pozicije = 103 | najbrži_krug = 61 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2007.|VN Australije 2007.]] | prva_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2007.|VN Kanade 2007.]] | posljednja_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Saudijske Arabije 2022.|VN Saudijske Arabije 2021.]] | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 2. (387.5 boda) | aktualizirano = 01.08.2022 }} '''Sir Lewis Carl Davidson Hamilton''' [[Red Britanskog carstva|MBE]] (rođen 7. januara 1985) [[Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo|britanski]] je vozač i svjetski prvak u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] [[Formula 1 – sezona 2008.|2008]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] i [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] Lewis Hamilton je postao rekorder Formule 1 po broju pobjeda nakon trijumfa na [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|Velikoj nagradi Portugala 2020.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.klix.ba/sport/formula1/hamilton-srusio-rekord-schumachera-po-broju-pobjeda-u-formuli-1/201025054|title=Hamilton srušio rekord Schumachera po broju pobjeda u Formuli 1|website=klix.ba|accessdate=25. 10. 2020 }}</ref> ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- ! 2001. |align=left| Formula Renault UK<br/> Zima Serija |align=left| [[Manor Motorsport]] | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ? ! 5. |- !rowspan=2| 2002. |align=left| Formula Renault UK | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| [[Manor Motorsport]] | 13 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 274 |style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2000<br/> Eurocup | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 92 ! 5. |- !rowspan=6| 2003. |align=left| Formula Renault UK | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="6"| [[Manor Motorsport]] | 15 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 13 | 419 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Britanski Formula 3<br/> Prvenstvo | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! NK |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2000<br/> Masters | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 24 ! 12. |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2000<br/> Njemačka | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 ! 27. |- |align=left| Korea Super Prix | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – ! NK |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! NK |- !rowspan=4| 2004. |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="4"| [[Manor Motorsport]] | 20 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 69 ! 5. |- |align=left| Bahrain Superprix | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – ! 14. |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 7. |- !rowspan=2| 2005. |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| ASM Formule 3 | 20 | 15 | 13 | 10 | 17 | 172 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | – |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2006. |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| ART Grand Prix | 21 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 14 | 114 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2007. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2007.|Formula 1]] | rowspan="6" style="text-align:left;"| [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] | 17 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 12 | 109 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- ! 2008. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2008.|Formula 1]] | 18 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 10 | 98 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"|'''1.''' |- ! 2009. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2009.|Formula 1]] | 17 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 49 ! 5. |- ! 2010. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2010.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 9 | 240 ! 4. |- ! 2011. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 227 ! 5. |- ! 2012. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|Formula 1]] | 20 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 190 ! 4. |- ! 2013. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|Formula 1]] | rowspan="4" style="text-align:left;"| [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team]] | 19 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 189 ! 4. |- ! 2014. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 11 | 7 | 7 | 16 | 384 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2015. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 10 | 11 | 8 | 17 | 381 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2016. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 10 | 12 | 3 | 17 | 380 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- ! 2017. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] | rowspan="3" style="text-align:left;"| [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Motorsport]] | 20 | 9 | 11 | 7 | 13 | 363 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2018. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 11 | 11 | 3 | 17 | 408 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 17 | 413 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2020. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One Team]] | 16 | 11 | 10 | 6 | 14 | 347 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- !2021. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One Team]] |22 |8 |5 |6 |17 |387.5 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2007–2012. || [[McLaren]] |- | 2013-2022. || [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] |} {{-}} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2007.|2007.]] ! [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-22]] ! Mercedes-Benz FO 108T 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2007.|AUS]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2007.|MAL]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2007.|BHR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2007.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2007.|MON]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2007.|KAN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2007.|SAD]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2007.|FRA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2007.|VB]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2007.|EVR]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2007.|MAĐ]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2007.|TUR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2007.|ITA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2007.|BEL]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2007.|JAP]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2007.|KIN]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2007.|BRA]]<br /><small>7.</small> | | | | | align="center" bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''109''' | align="center" bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2008.|2008.]] ! [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-23]] ! Mercedes-Benz FO 108V 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2008.|AUS]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2008.|MAL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2008.|BHR]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2008.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2008.|TUR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2008.|MON]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2008.|KAN]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2008.|FRA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2008.|VB]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2008.|NJE]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2008.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2008.|EVR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2008.|BEL]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2008.|ITA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2008.|SIN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2008.|JAP]]'''<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2008.|KIN]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2008.|BRA]]<br /><small>5.</small> | | | | align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''98''' | align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2009.|2009.]] ! [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-24]] ! Mercedes-Benz FO 108W 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#000000" style="color: #FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2009.|AUS]]<br /><small>DSK</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2009.|MAL]]<br /><small>7.†</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2009.|KIN]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2009.|BHR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2009.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2009.|MON]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2009.|TUR]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2009.|VB]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2009.|NJE]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2009.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Evrope 2009.|EVR]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2009.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2009.|ITA]]'''<br /><small>12.††</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2009.|SIN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2009.|JAP]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2009.|BRA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2009.|ABU]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> | | | | ! 49 ! 5. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2010.|2010.]] ! [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-25]] ! Mercedes-Benz FO 108X 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2010.|BHR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2010.|AUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2010.|MAL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2010.|KIN]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2010.|ŠPA]]''<br /><small>14.††</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2010.|MON]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2010.|TUR]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2010.|KAN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2010.|EVR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2010.|VB]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2010.|NJE]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2010.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2010.|BEL]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2010.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2010.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2010.|JAP]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2010.|KOR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2010.|BRA]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2010.|ABU]]''<br /><small>2.</small> | | ! '''240''' ! '''4.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|2011.]] ! [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-26]] ! Mercedes-Benz FO 108Y 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2011.|AUS]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2011.|MAL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2011.|KIN]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2011.|TUR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2011.|ŠPA]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2011.|MON]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2011.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2011.|EVR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2011.|VB]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2011.|NJE]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2011.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2011.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2011.|ITA]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2011.|SIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2011.|JAP]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Koreje 2011.|KOR]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2011.|IND]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2011.|ABU]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2011.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | | ! 227 ! 5. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|2012.]] ! [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-27]] ! Mercedes-Benz FO 108Z 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2012.|AUS]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2012.|MAL]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2012.|KIN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2012.|BHR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2012.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2012.|MON]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2012.|KAN]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2012.|EVR]]<br /><small>19.††</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2012.|VB]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2012.|NJE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2012.|MAĐ]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2012.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2012.|ITA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2012.|SIN]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2012.|JAP]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2012.|KOR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2012.|IND]]<br/><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2012.|ABU]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2012.|SAD]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2012.|BRA]]'''''<br /><small>Odu</small> | ! 190 ! 4. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|2013.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team]] ! [[Mercedes F1 W04]] ! Mercedes-Benz FO 108F 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2013.|AUS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2013.|MAL]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2013.|KIN]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2013.|BHR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2013.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2013.|MON]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2013.|KAN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2013.|VB]]'''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2013.|NJE]]'''<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2013.|MAĐ]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2013.|BEL]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2013.|ITA]]''<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2013.|SIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2013.|KOR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2013.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2013.|IND]]<br/><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2013.|ABU]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2013.|SAD]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2013.|BRA]]<br /><small>9.</small> | | ! 189 ! 4. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team]] ! [[Mercedes F1 W05 Hybrid]] ! Mercedes-Benz PU106A Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|AUS]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2014.|MAL]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2014.|BHR]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2014.|KIN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2014.|ŠPA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2014.|MON]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2014.|AUT]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2014.|VB]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2014.|NJE]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2014.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2014.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2014.|ITA]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2014.|SIN]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2014.|JAP]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Rusije 2014.|RUS]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2014.|SAD]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2014.|BRA]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2014.|ABU]]<br /><small>1.</small> | | |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''384''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team]] ! [[Mercedes F1 W06 Hybrid]] ! Mercedes-Benz PU106B Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|AUS]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2015.|MAL]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2015.|KIN]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2015.|BHR]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2015.|ŠPA]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2015.|MON]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2015.|KAN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Austrije 2015.|AUT]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2015.|VB]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2015.|MAĐ]]'''<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2015.|BEL]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2015.|ITA]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2015.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2015.|JAP]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2015.|RUS]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2015.|SAD]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2015.|MEK]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2015.|BRA]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2015.|ABU]]''<br /><small>2.</small> | | |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''381''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team]] ! [[Mercedes F1 W07 Hybrid]] ! Mercedes-Benz PU106C Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''380''' |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Motorsport]] ! [[Mercedes F1 W08 EQ Power+]] ! Mercedes-AMG F1 M08 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]'''<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>2.</small> | |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''363''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Motorsport]] ! [[Mercedes-AMG F1 W09 EQ Power+|Mercedes F1 W09 EQ Power+]] ! Mercedes-AMG F1 M09 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''' [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]'''''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''408''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Motorsport]] ! [[Mercedes-AMG F1 W10 EQ Power+|Mercedes F1 W10 EQ Power+]] ! Mercedes-AMG F1 M10 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]'''<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''413''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One Team]] ! [[Mercedes-AMG F1 W11 EQ Performance|Mercedes F1 W11 EQ Performance]] ! Mercedes-AMG F1 M11 EQ Performance 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]'''''<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small>3.</small> | | | | |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''347''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |} <!-- ''*'' Sezona u toku<br/> -->† Pola boda za utrke koje su prekinute prije prelaska 75% dužine utrke.<br />†† Vozaci su završili najmanje 90% utrke == Reference == {{Refspisak|}} ==Vanjski linkovi== {{Commonscat|Lewis Hamilton}} * [http://www.statsf1.com/en/lewis-hamilton.aspx Statistike Lewisa Hamiltona] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{Svjetski prvaci u Formuli 1}} {{Mercedes u Formuli 1}} {{BBC sportist godine}} {{Autosportova nagrada}} {{Laureusov sportist godine}} {{Laureusov proboj godine}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hamilton, Lewis}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1985.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Stevenage]] [[Kategorija:Britanski vozači Formule 1]] [[Kategorija:Vozači Formule 1]] qf1cx5spz4rt6ct7e1xpvplqc4zbm6a 0 96391 3426995 3307697 2022-08-02T00:08:40Z 2A02:27B0:4C03:C3C0:D09C:AE87:150E:C056 /* Stanovništvo */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija naselje u BiH | ime = Srnice Gornje | vrsta = Naseljeno mjesto | službeni_naziv = | slogan = | nadimak = | slika = | opis_slike = | veličina_slike = | zastava = | grb = | entitet = [[Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine]] | kanton = [[Tuzlanski kanton|Tuzlanski]] | grad = [[Gradačac]] | nadmorska_visina = | širina_stepeni = 44.7817 | dužina_stepeni = 18.4581 | najveća tačka = | najveća tačka metara = | površina_grada = | površina_općine = | stanovništvo grad = 818 | stanovništvo procjena = | stanovništvo godina = 2013 | stanovništvo procjena godina = | gustoća = | poštanski broj = | pozivni broj = (+387) 35 | matični broj = 120723<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaBiH.pdf |title=Sistematski spisak općina i naseljenih mjesta u Bosni i Hercegovini |work=fzs.ba |access-date=22. 1. 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305101405/http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaBiH.pdf |archive-date=5. 3. 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | matični_broj_grada = 10391 | karta_lokacija = Bosna i Hercegovina | opis_karte = Srnice Gornje u Bosni i Hercegovini | web stranice = | bilješka = }} '''Srnice Gornje''' su naseljeno mjesto u Gradačcu. Bosna i Herecegovina. Srnice Gornje su nastale 1391. godine. Osnovala ga je Kraljevska porodica Kotromanić te se smatra da je tu zaista grob Tvrtka Kotromanića. Smatra se da je bila prijestolnica srednjovjekovne Bosne i Hercegovine sve dok Osmanlije nisu dosle na ove prostore. Naime ovo je bilo zataškano u bosanskohercegovačkoj historiji. Srnice Gornje poslje rata iz 1992. se smatra sinonimom za kriminal u Tuzlanskom kantonu. == Stanovništvo == {{Stanovništvo BiH | naslov_tabele = Sastav stanovništva | ime_naseljenog_mjesta = Srnice Gornje | vrsta_naseljenog_mjesta = naselje | maticni_broj = 120723 | admin_godina = 2013 | g2013_izvor = <ref name="popis2013">{{cite web |title=Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u Bosni i Hercegovini 2013 – Etnička/nacionalna pripadnost, vjeroispovijest, maternji jezik |url=https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |website=popis.gov.ba |publisher=Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine |access-date=7. 4. 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210407103505/https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |archive-date=7. 4. 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref> | g1991_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/nacionalni-sastav-stanovnistva-po-naseljenim-mjestima-bilten-234.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva Republike Bosne i Hercegovine 1991. (str. 52) |work=fzs.ba |access-date= 22. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g1981_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1981/pdf/G19814001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1981. |work=stat.gov.rs |access-date= 22. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g1971_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1971/pdf/G19714001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1971. |work=stat.gov.rs |access-date= 22. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g2013_ukupno = 818 | g2013_bosnjaci = 808 | g2013_srbi = 2 | g2013_hrvati = 2 | g2013_bosanci = 1 | g2013_muslimani = 4 | g2013_nepoznato = 1 | g1991_ukupno = 911 | g1991_muslimani = 901 | g1991_srbi = 8 | g1991_jugosloveni = 1 | g1981_ukupno = 848 | g1981_muslimani = 846 | g1971_ukupno = 635 | g1971_muslimani = 631 }} == Reference == {{reference}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Portal Bosna i Hercegovina}} * [http://www.gradacac.ba/ Zvanični sajt grada Gradačca] {{Grad Gradačac}} c7yeqoaipfb5mmj0hlohc6t8a5b0grf 3426996 3426995 2022-08-02T00:11:21Z 2A02:27B0:4C03:C3C0:D09C:AE87:150E:C056 /* Stanovništvo */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija naselje u BiH | ime = Srnice Gornje | vrsta = Naseljeno mjesto | službeni_naziv = | slogan = | nadimak = | slika = | opis_slike = | veličina_slike = | zastava = | grb = | entitet = [[Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine]] | kanton = [[Tuzlanski kanton|Tuzlanski]] | grad = [[Gradačac]] | nadmorska_visina = | širina_stepeni = 44.7817 | dužina_stepeni = 18.4581 | najveća tačka = | najveća tačka metara = | površina_grada = | površina_općine = | stanovništvo grad = 818 | stanovništvo procjena = | stanovništvo godina = 2013 | stanovništvo procjena godina = | gustoća = | poštanski broj = | pozivni broj = (+387) 35 | matični broj = 120723<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaBiH.pdf |title=Sistematski spisak općina i naseljenih mjesta u Bosni i Hercegovini |work=fzs.ba |access-date=22. 1. 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305101405/http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaBiH.pdf |archive-date=5. 3. 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | matični_broj_grada = 10391 | karta_lokacija = Bosna i Hercegovina | opis_karte = Srnice Gornje u Bosni i Hercegovini | web stranice = | bilješka = }} '''Srnice Gornje''' su naseljeno mjesto u Gradačcu. Bosna i Herecegovina. == Stanovništvo == {{Stanovništvo BiH | naslov_tabele = Sastav stanovništva | ime_naseljenog_mjesta = Srnice Gornje | vrsta_naseljenog_mjesta = naselje | maticni_broj = 120723 | admin_godina = 2013 | g2013_izvor = <ref name="popis2013">{{cite web |title=Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u Bosni i Hercegovini 2013 – Etnička/nacionalna pripadnost, vjeroispovijest, maternji jezik |url=https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |website=popis.gov.ba |publisher=Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine |access-date=7. 4. 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210407103505/https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |archive-date=7. 4. 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref> | g1991_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/nacionalni-sastav-stanovnistva-po-naseljenim-mjestima-bilten-234.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva Republike Bosne i Hercegovine 1991. (str. 52) |work=fzs.ba |access-date= 22. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g1981_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1981/pdf/G19814001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1981. |work=stat.gov.rs |access-date= 22. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g1971_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1971/pdf/G19714001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1971. |work=stat.gov.rs |access-date= 22. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g2013_ukupno = 818 | g2013_bosnjaci = 808 | g2013_srbi = 2 | g2013_hrvati = 2 | g2013_bosanci = 1 | g2013_muslimani = 4 | g2013_nepoznato = 1 | g1991_ukupno = 911 | g1991_muslimani = 901 | g1991_srbi = 8 | g1991_jugosloveni = 1 | g1981_ukupno = 848 | g1981_muslimani = 846 | g1971_ukupno = 635 | g1971_muslimani = 631 }} == Reference == {{reference}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Portal Bosna i Hercegovina}} * [http://www.gradacac.ba/ Zvanični sajt grada Gradačca] {{Grad Gradačac}} tc1bui0397f2jr3kv2h02jxsz274xav 3427006 3426996 2022-08-02T04:53:14Z KWiki 9400 Vraćene izmjene korisnika [[Special:Contributions/2A02:27B0:4C03:C3C0:D09C:AE87:150E:C056|2A02:27B0:4C03:C3C0:D09C:AE87:150E:C056]] ([[User talk:2A02:27B0:4C03:C3C0:D09C:AE87:150E:C056|razgovor]]) na posljednju izmjenu korisnika [[User:WumpusBot|WumpusBot]] wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija naselje u BiH | ime = Srnice Gornje | vrsta = Naseljeno mjesto | službeni_naziv = | slogan = | nadimak = | slika = | opis_slike = | veličina_slike = | zastava = | grb = | entitet = [[Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine]] | kanton = [[Tuzlanski kanton|Tuzlanski]] | grad = [[Gradačac]] | nadmorska_visina = | širina_stepeni = 44.7817 | dužina_stepeni = 18.4581 | najveća tačka = | najveća tačka metara = | površina_grada = | površina_općine = | stanovništvo grad = 818 | stanovništvo procjena = | stanovništvo godina = 2013 | stanovništvo procjena godina = | gustoća = | poštanski broj = | pozivni broj = (+387) 35 | matični broj = 120723<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaBiH.pdf |title=Sistematski spisak općina i naseljenih mjesta u Bosni i Hercegovini |work=fzs.ba |access-date=22. 1. 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305101405/http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaBiH.pdf |archive-date=5. 3. 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | matični_broj_grada = 10391 | karta_lokacija = Bosna i Hercegovina | opis_karte = Srnice Gornje u Bosni i Hercegovini | web stranice = | bilješka = }} '''Srnice Gornje''' su [[naseljeno mjesto]] u [[grad]]u [[Gradačac|Gradačcu]], [[Bosna i Hercegovina]]. == Stanovništvo == {{Stanovništvo BiH | naslov_tabele = Sastav stanovništva | ime_naseljenog_mjesta = Srnice Gornje | vrsta_naseljenog_mjesta = naselje | maticni_broj = 120723 | admin_godina = 2013 | g2013_izvor = <ref name="popis2013">{{cite web |title=Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u Bosni i Hercegovini 2013 – Etnička/nacionalna pripadnost, vjeroispovijest, maternji jezik |url=https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |website=popis.gov.ba |publisher=Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine |access-date=7. 4. 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210407103505/https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |archive-date=7. 4. 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref> | g1991_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/nacionalni-sastav-stanovnistva-po-naseljenim-mjestima-bilten-234.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva Republike Bosne i Hercegovine 1991. (str. 52) |work=fzs.ba |access-date= 22. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g1981_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1981/pdf/G19814001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1981. |work=stat.gov.rs |access-date= 22. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g1971_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1971/pdf/G19714001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1971. |work=stat.gov.rs |access-date= 22. 1. 2016}}</ref> | g2013_ukupno = 818 | g2013_bosnjaci = 808 | g2013_srbi = 2 | g2013_hrvati = 2 | g2013_bosanci = 1 | g2013_muslimani = 4 | g2013_nepoznato = 1 | g1991_ukupno = 911 | g1991_muslimani = 901 | g1991_srbi = 8 | g1991_jugosloveni = 1 | g1981_ukupno = 848 | g1981_muslimani = 846 | g1971_ukupno = 635 | g1971_muslimani = 631 }} == Reference == {{reference}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Portal Bosna i Hercegovina}} * [http://www.gradacac.ba/ Zvanični sajt grada Gradačca] {{Grad Gradačac}} a11d9qxzjuogsde8upbzcq01s86tjyt 0 98994 3426993 3424575 2022-08-02T00:02:54Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Sebastian Vettel | slika = F1 vettel 2019 pod (cropped).jpg | opis_slike = Vettel na [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|Velikoj nagradi Singapura 2019.]] | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1987|07|03}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Heppenheim]], [[Zapadna Njemačka|Njemačka]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|NJE}} [[Nijemci|Nijemac]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Aston Martin F1|Aston Martin]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]] | broj_bolida = 5 | trke = 291 (290 početak) | prvenstva = 4<br/>([[Formula 1 – sezona 2010.|2010]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|2011]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|2012]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|2013.]]) | pobjede = 53 | podiji = 122 | bodovi = 3077 | prve_startne_pozicije = 57 | najbrži_krug = 38 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2007.|VN SAD-a 2007.]] | prva_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Italije 2008.|VN Italije 2008.]] | posljednja_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|VN Singapura 2019.]] | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 12. (43 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Sebastian Vettel''' [[Njemačka|njemački]] je [[automobilizam|vozač]] [[Formula 1|Formule 1]] i pobjednik sezona [[Formula 1 – sezona 2010.|2010]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|2011]], [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|2012]]. i [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|2013]]. Time je postao najmlađi svjetski prvak koji je osvojio 4 uzastopna naslova svjetskog prvaka, trenutno se takmiči u Formuli 1 za tim [[Aston Martin F1|Aston Martin]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- ! 2003. |align=left| Formula BMW ADAC |align=left| Eifelland Racing | 19 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 12 | 216 |style="background:#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- ! 2004. |align=left| Formula BMW ADAC |align=left| ADAC Berlin-Brandenburg | 20 | 18 | 14 | 13 | 20 | 387 |style="background:#ffffbf;"| '''1.''' |- !rowspan=5| 2005. |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija |align=left rowspan="2"| ASL Mücke Motorsport | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 63 ! 5. |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 11. |- |align=left| Španski Formula 3 Prvenstvu |align=left| Racing Engineering | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 ! 15. |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa |align=left| ASM F3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – |style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2005.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Williams F1|BMW WilliamsF1 Team]] |align=center colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- !rowspan=5| 2006. |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija |align=left rowspan=2| ASM Formule 3 | 20 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 9 | 75 |style="background:#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 6. |- |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left rowspan=2| Carlin Motorsport | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 28 ! 15. |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 23. |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2006.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[BMW Sauber|BMW Sauber F1 Team]] |align=center colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- !rowspan=3| 2007. |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| Carlin Motorsport | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 74 ! 5. |- |align=left rowspan=2| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2007.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[BMW Sauber|BMW Sauber F1 Team]] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |rowspan=2| 6 !rowspan=2| 14. |- |align=left| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! 2008. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2008.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] | 18 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 ! 8. |- ! 2009. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2009.|Formula 1]] |align=left rowspan=4 | [[Red Bull Racing]] | 17 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 8 | 84 |style="background:#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- ! 2010. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2010.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 10 | 256 |style="background:#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- ! 2011. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 11 | 15 | 3 | 17 | 392 |style="background:#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- ! 2012. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|Formula 1]] | 20 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 10 | 281 |style="background:#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- ! 2013. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|Formula 1]] |align=left rowspan=2 | [[Red Bull Racing|Infiniti Red Bull Racing]] | 19 | 13 | 9 | 7 | 16 | 397 |style="background:#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- ! 2014. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 167 ! 5. |- ! 2015. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] |align=left rowspan=6 | [[Scuderia Ferrari]] | 19 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 278 |style="background:#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- ! 2016. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 7 | 212 ! 4. |- ! 2017. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] | 20 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 13 | 317 |style="background:#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- ! 2018. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 12 | 320 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 240 ! 5. |- ! 2020. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|Formula 1]] | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 33 ! 13. |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2006–2007. || [[BMW Sauber]] |- | 2007–2008. || [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] |- | 2009–2014. || [[Red Bull Racing]] |- | 2015–2020. || [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] |} {{-}} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2006.|2006.]] ! [[BMW Sauber|BMW Sauber F1 Team]] ! [[BMW Sauber F1.06]] ! BMW P86 2.4 V8 | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2006.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2006.|MAL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2006.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada San Marina 2006.|SMR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2006.|EVR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2006.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2006.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2006.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2006.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2006.|SAD]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2006.|FRA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2006.|NJE]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2006.|MAĐ]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2006.|TUR]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2006.|ITA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2006.|KIN]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2006.|JAP]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2006.|BRA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | | | ! - ! - |- | rowspan="2"| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2007.|2007.]] ! [[BMW Sauber|BMW Sauber F1 Team]] ! [[BMW Sauber F1.07]] ! BMW P86/7 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2007.|AUS]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2007.|MAL]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2007.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2007.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2007.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2007.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2007.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> | [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2007.|FRA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2007.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2007.|EVR]]<br /><small></small> | | | | | | | | | | | ! rowspan="2" | '''6''' ! rowspan="2" | '''14.''' |- ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR2]] ! Ferrari 056 2.4 V8 | | | | | | | | | | |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2007.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2007.|TUR]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2007.|ITA]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2007.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2007.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2007.|KIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2007.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | | | | |- | rowspan="2" | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2008.|2008.]] ! rowspan="2" | [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR2|Toro Rosso STR2B]] ! rowspan="2" | Ferrari 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2008.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2008.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2008.|BHR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2008.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2008.|TUR]]<br /><small>17.</small> | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ! rowspan="2" | '''35''' ! rowspan="2" | '''8.''' |- ! [[Toro Rosso STR3]] | | | | | |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2008.|MON]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2008.|KAN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2008.|FRA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2008.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2008.|NJE]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2008.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2008.|EVR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2008.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2008.|ITA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2008.|SIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2008.|JAP]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2008.|KIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2008.|BRA]]<br /><small>4.</small> | | | |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2009.|2009.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB5]] ! Renault RS27 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2009.|AUS]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2009.|MAL]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2009.|KIN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2009.|BHR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2009.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2009.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Turske 2009.|TUR]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2009.|VB]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2009.|NJE]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2009.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2009.|EVR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2009.|BEL]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2009.|ITA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2009.|SIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2009.|JAP]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2009.|BRA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2009.|ABU]]''<br /><small>1.</small> | | | | |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''84''' |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2010.|2010.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB6]] ! Renault RS27-2010 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2010.|BHR]]'''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2010.|AUS]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2010.|MAL]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2010.|KIN]]'''<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2010.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2010.|MON]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2010.|TUR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2010.|KAN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Evrope 2010.|EVR]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2010.|VB]]'''<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2010.|NJE]]'''''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2010.|MAĐ]]'''''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2010.|BEL]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2010.|ITA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2010.|SIN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2010.|JAP]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Koreje 2010.|KOR]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2010.|BRA]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2010.|ABU]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> | | |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''256''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|2011.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB7]] ! Renault RS27-2011 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2011.|AUS]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2011.|MAL]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kine|KIN]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Turske 2011.|TUR]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2011.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2011.|MON]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2011.|KAN]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Evrope 2011.|EVR]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2011.|VB]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2011.|NJE]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2011.|MAĐ]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2011.|BEL]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2011.|ITA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2011.|SIN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2011.|JAP]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Koreje 2011.|KOR]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Indije 2011.|IND]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2011.|ABU]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2011.|BRA]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> | | |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''392''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|2012.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB8]] ! Renault RS27-2012 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2012.|AUS]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2012.|MAL]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2012.|KIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2012.|BHR]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2012.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2012.|MON]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2012.|KAN]]'''''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Evrope 2012.|EVR]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2012.|VB]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2012.|NJE]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2012.|MAĐ]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2012.|BEL]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2012.|ITA]]<br /><small>22.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2012.|SIN]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2012.|JAP]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2012.|KOR]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Indije 2012.|IND]]'''<br/><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2012.|ABU]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2012.|SAD]]'''''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2012.|BRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> | |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''281''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|2013.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing|Infiniti Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB9]] ! Renault RS27-2013 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2013.|AUS]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2013.|MAL]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2013.|KIN]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2013.|BHR]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2013.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2013.|MON]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2013.|KAN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2013.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2013.|NJE]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2013.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2013.|BEL]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2013.|ITA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2013.|SIN]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Koreje 2013.|KOR]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2013.|JAP]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Indije 2013.|IND]]'''<br/><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2013.|ABU]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2013.|SAD]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2013.|BRA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> | | |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''397''' |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing|Infiniti Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB10]] ! Renault Energy F1-2014 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2014.|MAL]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2014.|BHR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2014.|KIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2014.|ŠPA]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2014.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|KAN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2014.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2014.|VB]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2014.|NJE]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2014.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2014.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2014.|ITA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2014.|SIN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2014.|JAP]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2014.|RUS]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2014.|SAD]]''<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2014.|BRA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2014.|ABU]]<br /><small>8.</small> | | ! 167 ! 5. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari]] ! [[Ferrari SF15-T]] ! Ferrari 059/4 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|AUS]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2015.|MAL]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2015.|KIN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2015.|BHR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2015.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2015.|MON]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2015.|KAN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2015.|AUT]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2015.|VB]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2015.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2015.|BEL]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2015.|ITA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2015.|SIN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2015.|JAP]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Rusije 2015.|RUS]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2015.|SAD]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2015.|MEK]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2015.|BRA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2015.|ABU]]<br /><small>4.</small> | | |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''278''' |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari]] ! [[Ferrari SF16-H]] ! Ferrari 059/5 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small>NP</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]''<br /><small>3.</small> ! 212 ! 4. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari]] ! [[Ferrari SF70H]] ! Ferrari 062 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]'''''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>3.</small> | |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''317''' |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari]] ! [[Ferrari SF71H]] ! Ferrari 062 EVO 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]'''<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]'''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]''<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''320''' |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari]]<br/>[[Scuderia Ferrari|Scuderia Ferrari Mission Winnow]] ! [[Ferrari SF90]] ! Ferrari 064 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]''<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>5.</small> ! 240 ! 5. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari]] ! [[Ferrari SF1000]] ! Ferrari 065 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small>14.</small> | | | | ! 33 ! 13. |} <!-- ''*'' Sezona u toku --> == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat|Sebastian Vettel}} *[http://www.statsf1.com/en/sebastian-vettel.aspx Vettelove statistike] {{Svjetski prvaci u Formuli 1}} {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{Scuderia Ferrari}} {{Red Bull Racing}} {{Autosportova nagrada}} {{Svjetski sportista}} {{Njemački sportist godine}} {{BBC međunarodni sportist godine}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Vettel, Sebastian}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1987.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Heppenheim]] [[Kategorija:Njemački vozači Formule 1]] 0jwi99toyxd5mi5nh9ew1v0f7dj2546 0 101268 3426985 3424576 2022-08-01T23:10:50Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Daniel Ricciardo | slika = F12019 Schloss Gabelhofen (18).jpg | opis_slike = Daniel Ricciardo u 2019. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1989|07|01}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Perth (Zapadna Australija)|Perth]], [[Australija]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|AUS}} [[Australija]]nac | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[McLaren]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]] | broj_bolida = 3 | trke = 223 (223 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = 8 | podiji = 32 | bodovi = 1293 | prve_startne_pozicije = 3 | najbrži_krug = 16 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2011.|VN Velike Britanije 2011.]] | prva_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|VN Kanada 2014.]] | posljednja_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Italije 2021.|VN Italije 2021.]] | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 8. (115 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Daniel Ricciardo''' ([[Perth (Zapadna Australija)|Perth]], [[1. juli]] [[1989]]) [[Australija|australijski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[McLaren]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- ! 2005. |align=left| Zapadne Australije<br/>Formula Ford Prvenstvo |align=left| Privatni | 3 | 0 | 0 | ? | 0 | 74 ! 8. |- !rowspan=3| 2006. |align=left| Formula BMW Azija |align=left| Eurasia Motorsport | 19 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 231 |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Formula BMW UK |align=left| Motaworld Racing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 ! 20. |- |align=left| Formula BMW Svetski Finale |align=left| Fortec Motorsport | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 5. |- !rowspan=2| 2007. |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 Italija |align=left rowspan=2| RP Motorsport | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 196 ! 6. |- |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! NK |- !rowspan=4| 2008. |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 WEC |align=left rowspan=4| SG Formula | 15 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 11 | 192 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 | 18 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 136 |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! NK |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! NK |- !rowspan=4| 2009. |align=left| Britanski Formula 3 Prvenstvu |align=left rowspan=2| Carlin Motorsport | 20 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 13 | 275 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! NK |- |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| Tech 1 Racing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! 34. |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa |align=left| Carlin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! NK |- !rowspan=2| 2010. |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| Tech 1 Racing | 16 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 136 |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2010.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] |colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- !rowspan=3| 2011. |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| ISR | 12 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 144 ! 5. |- |align=left rowspan=2| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|Formula 1]] |align=left|[[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] |colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- |align=left| [[HRT F1|HRT F1 Team]] | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! 27. |- ! 2012. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 ! 18. |- ! 2013. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 ! 14. |- ! 2014 | align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|Formula 1]] | align=left|[[Red Bull Racing|Infiniti Red Bull Racing]] | 19 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 238 |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- ! 2015. | align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] | align=left| [[Red Bull Racing|Infiniti Red Bull Racing]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 92 ! 8. |- ! 2016. | align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] | align=left|[[Red Bull Racing]] | 21 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 256 |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- ! 2017. | align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] | align=left| [[Red Bull Racing]] | 20 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 200 ! 5. |- ! 2018. | align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] | align=left| [[Red Bull Racing|Aston Martin Red Bull Racing]] | 21 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 170 ! 6. |- ! 2019. | align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] | align=left| [[Renault F1|Renault F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 ! 9. |- ! 2020. | align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|Formula 1]] | align=left| [[Renault F1|Renault DP World F1 Team]] | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 119 ! 5. |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2011. || [[HRT F1|HRT]] |- | 2011–2013. || [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] |- | 2014–2018. || [[Red Bull Racing]] |- | 2019–2020. || [[Renault F1|Renault]] |- | 2021. || [[McLaren]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''boldu''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''italicu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- |rowspan=2 | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|2011.]] ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR6]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2011.|AUS]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2011.|MAL]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2011.|KIN]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2011.|TUR]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2011.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2011.|MON]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2011.|KAN]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2011.|EVR]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | | | | | | | | | | | | | !rowspan=2 | 0 !rowspan=2 | 27. |- ! [[HRT F1|HRT F1 Team]] ! [[Hispania F111]] ! [[Cosworth]] CA2011 2.4 V8 | | | | | | | | |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2011.|VB]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2011.|NJE]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2011.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2011.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2011.|ITA]]<br /><small>NK</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2011.|SIN]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2011.|JAP]]<br /><small>22.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2011.|KOR]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2011.|IND]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2011.|ABU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2011.|BRA]]<br /><small>20.</small> | | |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|2012.]] ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR7]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2012.|AUS]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2012.|MAL]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2012.|KIN]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2012.|BHR]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2012.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2012.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2012.|KAN]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2012.|EVR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2012.|VB]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2012.|NJE]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2012.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2012.|BEL]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2012.|ITA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2012.|SIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2012.|JAP]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2012.|KOR]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2012.|IND]]<br/><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2012.|ABU]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2012.|SAD]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2012.|BRA]]<br /><small>13.</small> | ! 10 ! 18. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|2013.]] ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR8]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2013.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2013.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2013.|KIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2013.|BHR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2013.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2013.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2013.|KAN]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2013.|VB]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2013.|NJE]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2013.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2013.|BEL]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2013.|ITA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2013.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2013.|KOR]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2013.|JAP]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2013.|IND]]<br/><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2013.|ABU]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2013.|SAD]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2013.|BRA]]<br /><small>10.</small> | | ! 20 ! 14. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing|Infiniti Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB10]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport]] Energy F1-2014 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#000000" style="color:#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|<span style="color:white;">AUS</span>]]<br /><small>DSK</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2014.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2014.|BHR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2014.|KIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2014.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2014.|MON]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|KAN]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2014.|AUT]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2014.|VB]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2014.|NJE]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2014.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2014.|BEL]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2014.|ITA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2014.|SIN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2014.|JAP]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2014.|RUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2014.|SAD]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2014.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2014.|ABU]]''<br /><small>4.</small> | | |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''238''' |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing|Infiniti Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB11]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport]] Energy F1-2015 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|AUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2015.|MAL]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2015.|KIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2015.|BHR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2015.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2015.|MON]]''<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2015.|KAN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2015.|AUT]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2015.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2015.|MAĐ]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2015.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2015.|ITA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2015.|SIN]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2015.|JAP]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2015.|RUS]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2015.|SAD]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2015.|MEK]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2015.|BRA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2015.|ABU]]<br /><small>6.</small> | | ! 92 ! 8. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB12]] ! [[TAG Heuer]] RB12 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''256''' |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB13]] ! [[TAG Heuer]] RB13 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | ! 200 ! 5. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing|Aston Martin Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB14]] ! [[TAG Heuer]] RB14 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]''<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>4.</small> ! 170 ! 6. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault F1 Team]] ! [[Renault R.S.19]] ! Renault E-Tech 19 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#000000" style="color:#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|<span style="color:white;">JAP</span>]]<br /><small>DSK</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>11.</small> ! 54 ! 9. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault DP World F1 Team]] ! [[Renault R.S.20]] ! Renault E-Tech 20 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"|[[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small>7.</small> | | | | ! 119 ! 5. |} ''*'' Sezona u toku ==Vanjski linkovi== {{Commonscat}} *[http://www.statsf1.com/en/daniel-ricciardo.aspx Statistike Daniela Ricciarda] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{Red Bull Racing}} {{Laureusov proboj godine}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ricciardo, Daniel}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1989.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Perth]] [[Kategorija:Australijski vozači Formule 1]] dwqmwl1mxf5bmdg498morhblsoel11s 0 101309 3426989 3424577 2022-08-01T23:46:15Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Valtteri Bottas | slika = F12019 Schloss Gabelhofen (20) (cropped).jpg | opis_slike = Bottas 2019. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1989|08|28}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Nastola]], [[Finska]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|FIN}} [[Finci|Finsko]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Alfa Romeo u Formuli 1|Alfa Romeo]]-[[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] | broj_bolida = 77 | trke = 192 (191 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = 10 | podiji = 67 | bodovi = 1784 | prve_startne_pozicije = 20 | najbrži_krug = 19 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2013.|VN Australije 2013.]] | prva_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|VN Rusije 2017.]] | posljednja_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Turske 2021.|VN Turske 2021.]] | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 3. ( 226 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Valterri Bottas''' ([[Nastola]], 28. august 1989) [[Finska|finski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Alfa Romeo u Formuli 1|Alfa Romeo]]-[[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !rowspan=2| 2007. |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0<br/> NEC |align=left| Koiranen Bros. Motorsport | 16 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 279 |style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Formula Renault UK<br/> Zima Serija |align=left| AKA Cobra | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 ! – |- !rowspan=2| 2008. |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0<br/> Eurocup |align=left rowspan=2| Motopark Academy | 14 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 10 | 139 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0<br/> NEC | 14 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 365 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- !rowspan=4| 2009. |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija |align=left rowspan=4| ART Grand Prix | 20 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 62 |style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Britanski Formula 3<br/> Prvenstvo | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – ! – |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | – |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 5. |- !rowspan=4| 2010. |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija |align=left rowspan=2| ART Grand Prix | 18 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 74 |style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa |align=left| Prema Powerteam | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – |style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2010.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Williams F1|AT&T Williams]] |align="center" colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- !rowspan=4| 2011. |align=left| GP3 Serija |align=left| Lotus ART | 16 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 62 |style="background:#ffffbf;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Britanski Formula 3<br/> Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=2| Double R | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 17 ! 17. |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! NK |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Williams F1|AT&T Williams]] |align="center" colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- ! 2012. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|Formula 1]] |rowspan=2 align=left| [[Williams F1|Williams F1 Team]] |align="center" colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- ! 2013. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 ! 17. |- ! 2014. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|Formula 1]] |rowspan=3 align=left| [[Williams F1|Williams Martini Racing]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 186 ! 4. |- ! 2015. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 136 ! 5. |- ! 2016. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 85 ! 8. |- ! 2017. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |rowspan=3 align=left| [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Motorsport]] | 20 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 13 | 305 | style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- ! 2018. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 247 ! 5. |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 15 | 326 | style="background:#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- ! 2020. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One Team]] | 17 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 11 | 223 | style="background:#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2010–2016. || [[Williams F1|Williams]] |- | 2017–2020. || [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''boldu''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''italicu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|2012.]] ! [[Williams F1|Williams F1 Team]] ! [[Williams FW34]] ! Renault RS27-2012 2.4 V8 | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2012.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2012.|MAL]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2012.|KIN]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2012.|BHR]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2012.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2012.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2012.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2012.|EVR]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2012.|VB]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2012.|NJE]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2012.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2012.|BEL]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2012.|ITA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2012.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2012.|JAP]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2012.|KOR]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2012.|IND]]<br/><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dabija 2012.|ABU]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2012.|SAD]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2012.|BRA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | ! – ! – |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|2013.]] ! [[Williams F1|Williams F1 Team]] ! [[Williams FW35]] ! Renault RS27-2013 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2013.|AUS]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2013.|MAL]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2013.|KIN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2013.|BHR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2013.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2013.|MON]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2013.|KAN]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2013.|VB]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2013.|NJE]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2013.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2013.|BEL]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2013.|ITA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2013.|SIN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2013.|KOR]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2013.|JAP]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2013.|IND]]<br/><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2013.|ABU]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2013.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2013.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | | ! 4 ! 17. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014.]] ! [[Williams F1|Williams Martini Racing]] ! [[Williams FW36]] ! Mercedes-Benz PU106A Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|AUS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2014.|MAL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2014.|BHR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2014.|KIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2014.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2014.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|KAN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2014.|AUT]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2014.|VB]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2014.|NJE]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2014.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2014.|BEL]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2014.|ITA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2014.|SIN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2014.|JAP]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Rusije 2014.|RUS]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2014.|SAD]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2014.|BRA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2014.|ABU]]<br /><small>3.</small> | | ! 186 ! 4. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015.]] ! [[Williams F1|Williams Martini Racing]] ! [[Williams FW37]] ! Mercedes-Benz PU106B Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|AUS]]<br /><small>NP</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2015.|MAL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2015.|KIN]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2015.|BHR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2015.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2015.|MON]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2015.|KAN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2015.|AUT]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2015.|VB]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2015.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2015.|BEL]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2015.|ITA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2015.|SIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2015.|JAP]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2015.|RUS]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2015.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2015.|MEK]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2015.|BRA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2015.|ABU]]<br /><small>13.</small> | | ! 136 ! 5. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Williams F1|Williams Martini Racing]] ! [[Williams FW38]] ! Mercedes-Benz PU106C Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> ! 85 ! 8. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Motorsport]] ! [[Mercedes F1 W08 EQ Power+]] ! Mercedes-AMG F1 M08 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]'''''<br /><small>1.</small> | |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''305''' |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Motorsport]] ! [[Mercedes-AMG F1 W09 EQ Power+|Mercedes F1 W09 EQ Power+]] ! Mercedes-AMG F1 M09 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#CDCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]''<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]''<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]'''''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]''<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]''<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>5.</small> ! 247 ! 5. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Motorsport]] ! [[Mercedes-AMG F1 W10 EQ Power+|Mercedes F1 W10 EQ Power+]] ! Mercedes-AMG F1 M10 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''326''' |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One Team]] ! [[Mercedes-AMG F1 W11 EQ Performance|Mercedes F1 W11 EQ Performance]] ! Mercedes-AMG F1 M11 EQ Performance 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]'''<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]'''<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small>2.</small> | | | | |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''223''' |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |} <!-- *Sezona u toku --> ==Vanjski linkovi== {{Commonscat}} *[http://www.statsf1.com/en/valtteri-bottas.aspx statistika Valtteri Bottas] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{Mercedes u Formuli 1}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bottas, Valtteri}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1989.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Nastola]] [[Kategorija:Finski vozači Formule 1]] f5m7eatnwgu2flhsoaqlzkmy3l550iu 0 120548 3426923 3207845 2022-08-01T16:09:36Z Aboubacarkhoraa 144730 #WPWP wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nedostaju izvori}} {{Geokutija|Naselje <!-- *** Gornji dio *** --> | ime = Conakry | izvorno_ime = | drugo_ime = Kɔnakiri | kategorija = Grad <!-- *** Ime **** --> | etimologija = | službeni_naziv = | moto = | nadimak = <!-- *** Slika *** --> | slika = Conakry collage.jpg | opis_slike = Mozaik grada <!-- *** Simboli *** --> | zastava = | simbol = <!-- *** Države, regije i.t.d *** --> | država = Gvineja | zastava_države = da | administrativna_podjela1 = Conakry | administrativna_podjela1_vrsta = '''Regija''' <!-- *** Položaj i visina *** --> | nadmorska_visina = | širina_stepeni = | širina_minuta = | širina_sekundi = | širina_SJ =N | dužina_stepeni = | dužina_minuta = | dužina_sekundi = | dužina_IZ =W | najviši = | najviša_visina = | najniža = | najniža_visina = <!-- *** Dimenzije *** --> | površina = 450 | površina_zemlje = | površina_vode = | površina_urban = | površina_metro = <!-- *** Stanovništvo *** --> | stanovništvo = 1.660.973| stanovništvo_datum =2014 | stanovništvo_urban = | stanovništvo_metro = | stanovništvo_opcina = | stanovništvo_gustoca = | stanovništvo_urban_gustoca = | stanovništvo_opcina_gustoca = | stanovništvo_metro_gustoca = <!-- *** Historija i administracija *** --> | osnovan = | vlada = | gradonačelnik = | gradonačelnik_partija = <!-- *** Kod *** --> | vremenska_zona = [[Srednjoevropsko vrijeme|UTC+0]] | vremenska_zona_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | poštanski_broj = | pozivni broj = | kod = <!-- *** Karta *** --> | karta = Guinea.png | karta_lokacija = <!-- *** Web stranice *** --> | web_stranica = <!-- *** Bilješka *** --> | bilješka = }} '''Conakry''' ([[jezik Susu]]: ''(Kɔnakiri)'' je [[glavni grad]] i najveći grad zapadnoafričke države [[Gvineja]]. Conakry je lučki grad na obali [[Atlantski okean|Atlantskog okeana]] i ujedno je ekonomski, finansijski i kulturni centar Gvineje, sa 1.931.184 stanovnika. Prvobitno smješten na ostrvu [[Tombo]], jednom od [[Îles de Los]], proširio se na susjedno [[poluostrvo Kaloum]]. U Conakry-ju živi skoro četvrtina stanovništva države. [[Datoteka:Stade Général Lansana Conté de Nongo.jpg|lijevo|mini]] [[Datoteka:Hôtel Kaloum.jpg|lijevo|mini]] {{Commonscat}} {{Glavni gradovi afričkih država}} {{Svjetska prijestonica knjige}} [[Kategorija:Gvineja]] [[Kategorija:Glavni gradovi afričkih država]] 7sa9i4dlws3hnqalv8v9iok5i460kki 0 138274 3426959 3424578 2022-08-01T20:59:11Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Sergio Pérez | slika = 2019 Formula One tests Barcelona, Pérez (47200017422).jpg | opis_slike = Sergio Pérez u 2019. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1990|01|26}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Guadalajara]], [[Meksiko]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|MEX}} [[Meksikanci|Meksikanc]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Red Bull Racing]] | broj_bolida = 11 | trke = 230 (226 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = 3 | podiji = 21 | bodovi = 1069 | prve_startne_pozicije = 1 | najbrži_krug = 8 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2011.|VN Australije 2011.]] | prva_pobjeda = | posljednja_pobjeda = | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 4. (190 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Sergio Michel „Checo“ Pérez Mendoza''', skraćeno Sergio Perèz ([[Guadalajara]], [[26. januar]] [[1990]]) je [[Meksiko|meksički]] [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]] koji se trenutno natječe u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Red Bull Racing]]. ==Sažetak Karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- ! 2004. |align=left| Skip Barber<br/> Nacionalno Prvenstvo |align=left| Telmex Racing | 14 | 0 | 0 |&nbsp;– |&nbsp;– | 77 ! 11. |- ! 2005. |align=left| Formula BMW ADAC |align=left| Team Rosberg | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 37 ! 14. |- ! 2006. |align=left| Formula BMW ADAC |align=left| ADAC Berlin-Brandenburg | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 112 ! 6. |- ! 2006–07. |align=left| A1 Grand Prix |align=left| A1 Team Mexico | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 35 ! 10. |- ! 2007. |align=left| Britanski Formula 3<br/> Prvenstvo |align=left| T-Sport | 21 | 14 | 14 | 0 | 19 | 376 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2008. |align=left| Britanski Formula 3<br/> Prvenstvo |align=left| T-Sport | 22 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 195 ! 4. |- ! 2008–09. |align=left| GP2 Azija Serija |align=left| Campos Grand Prix | 11 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 26 ! 7. |- ! 2009. |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| Arden International | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 22 ! 12. |- ! 2009–10. |align=left| GP2 Azija Serija |align=left| Barwa Addax Team | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 ! 15. |- ! 2010 |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| Barwa Addax Team | 20 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 71 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- ! 2011. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|Formula 1]] |rowspan=2 align=left| [[Sauber|Sauber F1 Team]] | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 ! 16. |- ! 2012. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|Formula 1]] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 66 ! 10. |- ! 2013. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 49 ! 11. |- ! 2014. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|Formula 1]] |rowspan=4 align=left| [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 59 ! 10. |- ! 2015. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 78 ! 9. |- ! 2016. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 101 ! 7. |- ! 2017. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 100 ! 7. |- |- !rowspan=2 | 2018. |rowspan=2 align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |rowspan=2 | 62 !rowspan=2 | 8. |- |align=left| [[Racing Point|Racing Point Force India F1 Team]] | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Racing Point|SportPesa Racing Point F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 ! 10. |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2011–2012. || [[Sauber]] |- | 2013. || [[McLaren]] |- | 2014–2018. || [[Force India]] |- | 2018–2020. || [[Racing Point]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|2011.]] ! [[Sauber|Sauber F1 Team]] ! [[Sauber C30]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#000000" style="color:#ffffff"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2011.|AUS]]<br /><small>DSK</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2011.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2011.|KIN]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2011.|TUR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2011.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor=| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2011.|MON]]<br /><small>NP</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2011.|KAN]]<br /><small>ST</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2011.|EVR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2011.|VB]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2011.|NJE]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2011.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2011.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2011.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2011.|SIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2011.|JAP]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2011.|KOR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2011.|IND]]<br/><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2011.|ABU]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2011.|BRA]]<br /><small>13.</small> | | ! 14 ! 16. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|2012.]] ! [[Sauber|Sauber F1 Team]] ! [[Sauber C31]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2012.|AUS]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2012.|MAL]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2012.|KIN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2012.|BHR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2012.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2012.|MON]]''<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2012.|KAN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2012.|EVR]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2012.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2012.|NJE]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2012.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2012.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2012.|ITA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2012.|SIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2012.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2012.|KOR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2012.|IND]]<br/><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2012.|ABU]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2012.|SAD]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2012.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | ! 66 ! 10. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|2013.]] ! [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-28]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] FO 108F 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2013.|AUS]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2013.|MAL]]''<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2013.|KIN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2013.|BHR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2013.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2013.|MON]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2013.|KAN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2013.|VB]]<br /><small>20.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2013.|NJE]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2013.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2013.|BEL]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2013.|ITA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2013.|SIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2013.|KOR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2013.|JAP]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2013.|IND]]<br/><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2013.|ABU]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2013.|SAD]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2013.|BRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> | | ! 49 ! 11. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! [[Force India VJM07]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] PU106A Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|AUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2014.|MAL]]<br /><small>NP</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2014.|BHR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2014.|KIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2014.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2014.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|KAN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Austrije 2014.|AUT]]''<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2014.|VB]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2014.|NJE]]<br /><small>10</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2014.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2014.|BEL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2014.|ITA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2014.|SIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2014.|JAP]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2014.|RUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2014.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2014.|BRA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2014.|ABU]]<br /><small>7.</small> | | ! 59 ! 10. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! [[Force India VJM08]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] PU106B Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|AUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2015.|MAL]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2015.|KIN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2015.|BHR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2015.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2015.|MON]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2015.|KAN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2015.|AUT]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2015.|VB]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2015.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2015.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2015.|ITA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2015.|SIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2015.|JAP]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2015.|RUS]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2015.|SAD]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2015.|MEK]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2015.|BRA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2015.|ABU]]<br /><small>5.</small> | | ! 78 ! 9. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! [[Force India VJM09]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] PU106C Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]<br /><small>8.</small> ! 101 ! 7. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! [[Force India VJM10]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M08 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]''<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>7.</small> | ! 100 ! 7. |- | rowspan=2 | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! rowspan=2 | [[Force India VJM11]] ! rowspan=2 | [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M09 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>14.</small> | | | | | | | | | ! rowspan=2 | 62 ! rowspan=2 | 8. |- ! [[Racing Point|Racing Point Force India F1 Team]] | | | | | | | | | | | | |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>8.</small> |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Racing Point|SportPesa Racing Point F1 Team]] ! [[Racing Point RP19]] ! [[BWT AG|BWT]] [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] F1 M10 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>7.</small> ! 52 ! 10. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Racing Point|BWT Racing Point F1 Team]] ! [[Racing Point RP20]] ! [[BWT AG|BWT]] [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] F1 M11 EQ Performance 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>7.</small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small>2.</small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | | | ! 100* ! 4.* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku ==Vanjski linkovi== *{{Commonscat-inline}} *[http://www.statsf1.com/en/sergio-perez.aspx statistika Sergio Pérez] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{Red Bull Racing}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pérez, Sergio}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1990.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Guadalajara]] [[Kategorija:Meksički vozači Formule 1]] k7h6oyrpe4xrbr6l5es1lk6x723usev 3426960 3426959 2022-08-01T21:00:56Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Sergio Pérez | slika = 2019 Formula One tests Barcelona, Pérez (47200017422).jpg | opis_slike = Sergio Pérez u 2019. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1990|01|26}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Guadalajara]], [[Meksiko]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|MEX}} [[Meksikanci|Meksikanc]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Red Bull Racing]] | broj_bolida = 11 | trke = 230 (226 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = 3 | podiji = 21 | bodovi = 1069 | prve_startne_pozicije = 1 | najbrži_krug = 8 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2011.|VN Australije 2011.]] | prva_pobjeda = | posljednja_pobjeda = [[Velika Nagrada Monaka 2022.|VN Monaka 2022.]] | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 4. (190 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Sergio Michel „Checo“ Pérez Mendoza''', skraćeno Sergio Perèz ([[Guadalajara]], [[26. januar]] [[1990]]) je [[Meksiko|meksički]] [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]] koji se trenutno natječe u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Red Bull Racing]]. ==Sažetak Karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- ! 2004. |align=left| Skip Barber<br/> Nacionalno Prvenstvo |align=left| Telmex Racing | 14 | 0 | 0 |&nbsp;– |&nbsp;– | 77 ! 11. |- ! 2005. |align=left| Formula BMW ADAC |align=left| Team Rosberg | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 37 ! 14. |- ! 2006. |align=left| Formula BMW ADAC |align=left| ADAC Berlin-Brandenburg | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 112 ! 6. |- ! 2006–07. |align=left| A1 Grand Prix |align=left| A1 Team Mexico | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 35 ! 10. |- ! 2007. |align=left| Britanski Formula 3<br/> Prvenstvo |align=left| T-Sport | 21 | 14 | 14 | 0 | 19 | 376 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2008. |align=left| Britanski Formula 3<br/> Prvenstvo |align=left| T-Sport | 22 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 195 ! 4. |- ! 2008–09. |align=left| GP2 Azija Serija |align=left| Campos Grand Prix | 11 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 26 ! 7. |- ! 2009. |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| Arden International | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 22 ! 12. |- ! 2009–10. |align=left| GP2 Azija Serija |align=left| Barwa Addax Team | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 ! 15. |- ! 2010 |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| Barwa Addax Team | 20 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 71 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- ! 2011. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|Formula 1]] |rowspan=2 align=left| [[Sauber|Sauber F1 Team]] | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 ! 16. |- ! 2012. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|Formula 1]] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 66 ! 10. |- ! 2013. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 49 ! 11. |- ! 2014. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|Formula 1]] |rowspan=4 align=left| [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 59 ! 10. |- ! 2015. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 78 ! 9. |- ! 2016. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 101 ! 7. |- ! 2017. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 100 ! 7. |- |- !rowspan=2 | 2018. |rowspan=2 align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |rowspan=2 | 62 !rowspan=2 | 8. |- |align=left| [[Racing Point|Racing Point Force India F1 Team]] | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Racing Point|SportPesa Racing Point F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 ! 10. |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2011–2012. || [[Sauber]] |- | 2013. || [[McLaren]] |- | 2014–2018. || [[Force India]] |- | 2018–2020. || [[Racing Point]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2011.|2011.]] ! [[Sauber|Sauber F1 Team]] ! [[Sauber C30]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#000000" style="color:#ffffff"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2011.|AUS]]<br /><small>DSK</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2011.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2011.|KIN]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2011.|TUR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2011.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor=| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2011.|MON]]<br /><small>NP</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2011.|KAN]]<br /><small>ST</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2011.|EVR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2011.|VB]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2011.|NJE]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2011.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2011.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2011.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2011.|SIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2011.|JAP]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2011.|KOR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2011.|IND]]<br/><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2011.|ABU]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2011.|BRA]]<br /><small>13.</small> | | ! 14 ! 16. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2012.|2012.]] ! [[Sauber|Sauber F1 Team]] ! [[Sauber C31]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] Tipo 056 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2012.|AUS]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2012.|MAL]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2012.|KIN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2012.|BHR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2012.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2012.|MON]]''<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2012.|KAN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2012.|EVR]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2012.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2012.|NJE]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2012.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2012.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2012.|ITA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2012.|SIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2012.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2012.|KOR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2012.|IND]]<br/><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2012.|ABU]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2012.|SAD]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2012.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | ! 66 ! 10. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2013.|2013.]] ! [[McLaren|Vodafone McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-28]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] FO 108F 2.4 V8 |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2013.|AUS]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Malezije 2013.|MAL]]''<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2013.|KIN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2013.|BHR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2013.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2013.|MON]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2013.|KAN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2013.|VB]]<br /><small>20.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2013.|NJE]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2013.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2013.|BEL]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2013.|ITA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2013.|SIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Koreje 2013.|KOR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2013.|JAP]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Indije 2013.|IND]]<br/><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2013.|ABU]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2013.|SAD]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2013.|BRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> | | ! 49 ! 11. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! [[Force India VJM07]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] PU106A Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|AUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2014.|MAL]]<br /><small>NP</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2014.|BHR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2014.|KIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2014.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2014.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|KAN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Austrije 2014.|AUT]]''<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2014.|VB]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2014.|NJE]]<br /><small>10</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2014.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2014.|BEL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2014.|ITA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2014.|SIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2014.|JAP]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2014.|RUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2014.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2014.|BRA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2014.|ABU]]<br /><small>7.</small> | | ! 59 ! 10. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! [[Force India VJM08]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] PU106B Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|AUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2015.|MAL]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2015.|KIN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2015.|BHR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2015.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2015.|MON]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2015.|KAN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2015.|AUT]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2015.|VB]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2015.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2015.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2015.|ITA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2015.|SIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2015.|JAP]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2015.|RUS]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2015.|SAD]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2015.|MEK]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2015.|BRA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2015.|ABU]]<br /><small>5.</small> | | ! 78 ! 9. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! [[Force India VJM09]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] PU106C Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]<br /><small>8.</small> ! 101 ! 7. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! [[Force India VJM10]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M08 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]''<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>7.</small> | ! 100 ! 7. |- | rowspan=2 | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! rowspan=2 | [[Force India VJM11]] ! rowspan=2 | [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M09 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>14.</small> | | | | | | | | | ! rowspan=2 | 62 ! rowspan=2 | 8. |- ! [[Racing Point|Racing Point Force India F1 Team]] | | | | | | | | | | | | |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>8.</small> |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Racing Point|SportPesa Racing Point F1 Team]] ! [[Racing Point RP19]] ! [[BWT AG|BWT]] [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] F1 M10 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>7.</small> ! 52 ! 10. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Racing Point|BWT Racing Point F1 Team]] ! [[Racing Point RP20]] ! [[BWT AG|BWT]] [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] F1 M11 EQ Performance 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>7.</small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small>2.</small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | | | ! 100* ! 4.* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku ==Vanjski linkovi== *{{Commonscat-inline}} *[http://www.statsf1.com/en/sergio-perez.aspx statistika Sergio Pérez] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{Red Bull Racing}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pérez, Sergio}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1990.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Guadalajara]] [[Kategorija:Meksički vozači Formule 1]] k0sjnr5cuqzykwytp194w1ip676nzob 0 145258 3426903 3417646 2022-08-01T13:10:29Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 2 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Power snooker table drawing.svg|mini|desno|250px|Početni položaj kugli.]] '''''Power Snooker''''' varijanta je [[snuker]]a. Prvo takmičenje održano je u julu 2010. Glavni promotor snukera [[Barry Hearn]] izjavio je da je ''Power Snooker'' "osmišljen da bude brži i uzbudljiviji" od tradicionalnog snukera. Igrači se takmiče u vremenski ograničenim partijama čiji ishod odlučuje ukupan broj osvojenih poena, a ne broj osvojenih frejmova. Igra se s devet crvenih kugli, koje se kontinuirano ponovo slažu na sto na kraju svakog frejma do završetka partije. Trajanje partije fiksirano je na 30 minuta, a, kao što je rečeno, pobjednik je onaj ko osvoji više poena, nevezano za broj osvojenih frejmova. Vrijeme za udarac ograničeno je na 20 sekundi. Prvi (pravi) turnir odigran je 30. oktobra 2010. u [[london]]skoj dvorani ''The O₂''. Na njemu je učestvovalo osam igrača, a prva nagrada iznosila je 35.000 [[Britanska funta|funti]]. Pobjednik je bio [[Ronnie O'Sullivan]]. == Pozadina == === Počeci === "Izumitelji" ''Power Snookera'' jesu Rod Gunner i Ed Simons, producenti s iskustvom u industriji zabave. [[Boks]]erski promotor Frank Warren, inače Simonsov dugogodišnji poslovni partner, također ima nešto udjela u ''Power Snookeru''.<ref name="o2">[http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2010/oct/24/power-snooker-twenty20 "''Power Snooker'' bit će 'lansiran' u dvorani 'O₂'"], ''The Guardian'', 24. 10. 2010.</ref> Prema Simonsovim riječima, on i Gunner "došli su do zaključka da je snukeru potrebna velika preobrazba".<ref name="o2"></ref> Gunner je rekao: "Već mi se neko vrijeme mota(lo) po glavi da je snukeru potrebna 'injekcija' uzbuđenja", kao i da je inspiraciju našao "vidjevši kako je varijanta ''Twenty20'' oživjela kriket".<ref name="Ronnie">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/snooker/8846419.stm "Ronnie O'Sullivan hvali brzopotezni ''Power Snooker''"], ''BBC Sport'', 22. 7. 2010.</ref> ''Power Snooker'' službeno je "lansiran" 22. jula 2010, a O'Sullivan je bio najpoznatije ime iz svijeta snukera.<ref name="Ronnie"></ref><ref name="publika">[http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2010/jul/22/power-snooker-ronnie-osullivan "'Publika će voljeti novi ''Power Snooker'''", kaže O'Sullivan"], ''Guardian'', 22. 7. 2010.</ref> Rekao je da će "publika voljeti novi ''Power Snooker'' i da će javnost uživati u njemu" te da ovo predstavlja "budućnost snukera".<ref name="Ronnie"></ref><ref name="publika"></ref> === Odnos prema ''WPBSA'' === [[Datoteka:Power Snooker - logo.png|mini|desno|150px|Službeni logo]] ''Power Snooker'' nezavisan je od ''[[Svjetska asocijacija profesionalnog bilijara i snukera|Svjetske asocijacije profesionalnog bilijara i snukera]]'' (''WPBSA''), koja organizira [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u snukeru]] i ostale rejtingovane turnire te regulira profesionalni snuker. Varijantu je, međutim, službeno potvrdio i Barry Hearn, glavni dioničar u ''WPBSA''.<ref name="o2"></ref> Simons je izjavio da ''Power Snooker'' posmatra više kao novu varijantu snukera nego kao prijetnju standardnom snukeru ili turnirima koje organizira ''WPBSA''.<ref name="o2"></ref><ref name="publika"></ref> ''Power Snooker'' reklamiran je kao dio službenog kalendara snukerskih turnira.<ref name="službena">{{Cite web |url= http://www.powersnooker.com/about.php |title= O ''Power Snookeru'' (službena stranica) |access-date= 24. 6. 2011 |archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/5tqqjrcoT?url=http://www.powersnooker.com/about.php |archivedate= 29. 10. 2010}}</ref> Prema ''[[The Guardian|Guardianu]]'', Hearn vidi ''Power Snooker'' kao "element trenutnih pokušaja (''WPBSA-e'') da 'remontira' snuker i predstavi ga novoj publici".<ref name="publika"></ref> On je izjavio da "mi 100% stojimo iza ''Power Snookera''. U ovom novom vremenu za svjetski snuker važno nam je da prigrlimo nove formate i ideje", navevši kako vjeruje da će to snukeru donijeti novu publiku i ljubitelje.<ref name="Ronnie"></ref> ''Guardian'' je također naveo kako Hearn vjeruje da će ovi novi formati privući novu publiku i tradicionalnom snukeru.<ref name="publika"></ref> Hearn nije uložio finansije u ''Power Snooker'', a Simons je rekao da je "naš osjećaj da će on (Hearn) posmatrati prvi turnir, vidjeti kako će to proći, a zatim ćemo ponovo razgovarati".<ref name="o2"></ref> == Format == === Općenito === Igra se na stolu koji je iste veličine kao u snukeru, ali s "modernim dizajnom i čohom izrađenom po narudžbi za ''Power Snooker''".<ref name="službena"></ref> Osnovne karakteristike igre navedene su u uvodu, a ovdje još treba dodati da se vrijeme zaustavlja između dvaju frejmova (dok se kugle ponovo slože) i da se kugle slažu u obliku [[romb]]a, kao i u popularnoj [[devetka (bilijar)|"devetki"]].<ref name="pravila">{{Cite web |url=http://www.powersnooker.com/rules.php |title=Pravila igre |accessdate=28. 6. 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/63bafv9mG?url=http://www.powersnooker.com/rules.php |archivedate= 1. 12. 2011}}</ref> U slučaju neriješenog rezultata na sto se vraća crna kugla i igra traje dok je neko ne ubaci ili ne napravi faul (u slučaju da bijela kugla promaši crnu). === Poeni i ograničenje vremena za udarac === Bodovanje u ''Power Snookeru'' isto je kao i u tradicionalnom. Međutim, igrač koji u frejmu izvodi početni udarac ostaje na potezu ako nakon početnog udarca najmanje dvije crvene kugle dodirnu ivicu stola. Tempo igre ubrzan je ograničenjem vremena za udarac na 20 sekundi. Ako igrač prekorači tu granicu, oduzima mu se 20 poena, a protivnik tada ima izbor da igra ili da prepusti red protivniku. [[Trocifreni brejk]] (tzv. ''century'') nagrađuje se s 50 bonus poena, a ako i u sljedećem frejmu igrač ostvari trocifreni brejk, tada se bonus udvostručava i iznosi 100 poena. Ako igrač to ponovi i u trećem uzastopnom frejmu, dobija 200 poena. Ako igrač napravi faul, protivnik ima "kuglu u ruci", tj. može postaviti bijelu kuglu bilo gdje u okviru [[Snuker#Oprema|''baulka'']] (dio stola između donje ivice i tzv. ''baulk-linije'').<ref name="pravila"></ref> === ''Power Ball'', ''Power Play'' i ''Power Zone'' === ''Power Snooker'' uveo je vlastite inovacije u igru u vidu ''Power Balla'', ''Power Playa'' i ''Power Zonea''. ''Power Ball'' je kugla nešto tamnije crvene boje i smješta se u centar početne formacije. Na njoj je i logo ''Power Snookera'', a vrijednost joj je dva poena. Kad ona bude ubačena, počinje ''Power Play'', odnosno dvominutni period u kojem se sve vrijednosti u bodovanju udvostručavaju. Ako igrač promaši u toku ''Power Playa'', protivnik može profitirati u preostalom vremenu za ''Power Play''. Na stolu za ''Power Snooker'' tzv. ''baulk''-područje poznato je kao ''Power Zone''. Vrijednost bilo koje obojene kugle ubačene udarcem iz ''Power Zonea'' udvostručava se, a ako se to desi u toku ''Power Playa'', učetverostručuje se. Ako igrač napravi faul u toku ''Power Playa'', kazneni poeni se udvostručuju, a ako je udarac iz kojeg je napravljen faul izveden iz ''Power Zonea'' (u toku ''Power Playa''), kazneni poeni se učetverostručuju. === Prezentacija turnira i interakcija s publikom === Za razliku od tradicionalnog snukera, u kojem se igra odvija u tihom okruženju, a od publike se očekuje da bude tiha prilikom izvođenja udaraca, ''Power Snooker'' ide na to da se "potakne interakcija publike s igračima"; glasna [[muzika]] i "spektakularna" rasvjeta također su jedna od karakteristika ''Power Snookera''.<ref name="o2"></ref><ref name="publika"></ref><ref name="revolucija">[http://www.itv.com/sport/powersnooker/articles/therevolutionisabouttobegin "Revolucija samo što nije počela"]{{Mrtav link|datum=Oktobar 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot}}, [[ITV]], bez datuma.</ref> Igrači imaju i opciju da "prikače" mali mikrofon na sebe, "da se olakša i podstakne interakcija s publikom".<ref name="Ronnie"></ref><ref name="revolucija"></ref> Prema riječima idejnih autora, u ovom formatu "nije riječ o tihom sjedenju i gledanju nego o buci i interakciji; želimo da publika osjeća da je i ona dio igre i da uživa".<ref name="revolucija"></ref> Kako bi se "dodao glamur" turnirima u ''Power Snookeru'', igrači se potiču da oblače dizajnersku, odnosno ležerniju odjeću, dok će sudije biti isključivo [[žena|žene]] i bit će "odjevene da impresioniraju" ("dressed to impress").<ref name="revolucija"></ref> Na turnirima će se pojavljivati i ''Power djevojke''. Prema riječima organizatorâ, "važno je da djevojke odgovaraju kriterijima brenda ''Power Snooker'': ''Power djevojke'' su seksi, vesele i vrlo elegantne".<ref>[http://www.powersnooker.com/news.php?id=9 "Predstavljajući ''Power djevojke''"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101029185204/http://www.powersnooker.com/news.php?id=9 |date=29. 10. 2010 }}, službena stranica ''Power Snookera'', 27. 10. 2010.</ref> == Inauguralni turnir == === Mjesto održavanja, učesnici i nagradni fond === Već je rečeno da je ovaj turnir održan 30. 10. 2010 u londonskoj areni ''O₂''. Dvije hiljade gledalaca posmatralo je osam sati turnirske igre u muzičkom klubu u okviru dvorane.<ref name="o2"></ref><ref name="čuvaj">[http://www.powersnooker.com/news.php?id=7 "Čuvaj se, Ronnie: novi klinac je u gradu"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101029185132/http://www.powersnooker.com/news.php?id=7 |date=29. 10. 2010 }}, službena stranica ''Power Snookera'', 13. 10. 2010.</ref> O'Sullivan je bio prvi igrač čije je učešće na turniru bilo potvrđeno, što je objavljeno tokom službenog predstavljanja.<ref name="Ronnie"></ref> Tad je također rečeno da će na turniru učestvovati četiri igrača iz samog vrha svjetske liste i još četiri igrača s pozivnicama.<ref name="publika"></ref> Imena ostalih sedam učesnika potvrđena su 24. septembra.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/snooker/9031555.stm "Potvrđeni učesnici na 'revolucionarnom' turniru u ''Power Snookeru''], ''BBC Sport'', 24. 9. 2010.</ref>. Žrijeb je obavljen 12. oktobra, a O'Sullivan je za prvog protivnika dobio Lucu Brecela.<ref name="čuvaj"></ref><ref>[http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/article-23887267-ronnie-osullivan-to-face-luca-brecel-in-power-snooker-opener.do Ronnie O'Sullivan suočit će se s Lucom Brecelom u 1. kolu"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101016164248/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-sport/article-23887267-ronnie-osullivan-to-face-luca-brecel-in-power-snooker-opener.do |date=16. 10. 2010}}, ''Evening Standard'', 13. 10. 2010.</ref> === Žrijeb === Turnir se igrao u dvije sesije po nokaut-sistemu. Prvih osam partija, nakon kojih su dobijeni polufinalisti, odigrano je popodne, a polufinala, te mečevi za treće i prvo mjesto odigrani su u večernjoj sesiji.<ref name="revolucija"></ref> {{Četvrtfinale sa trećim mjestom |30. 10. 2010.|{{ZD|ENG}} '''[[Ronnie O'Sullivan]]'''|'''338'''|{{ZD|BEL}} [[Luca Brecel]]|196 ||{{ZD|ENG}} [[Mark Selby]]|206|{{ZD|ENG}} '''[[Ali Carter]]'''|'''222''' ||{{ZD|KIN}} '''[[Ding Junhui]]'''|'''311'''|{{ZD|ENG}} [[Jimmy White]]|246 ||{{ZD|AUS}} [[Neil Robertson]]|274|{{ZD|ENG}} '''[[Shaun Murphy]]'''|'''311''' ||{{ZD|ENG}} '''Ronnie O'Sullivan'''|'''490'''|{{ZD|ENG}} Ali Carter|234 ||{{ZD|KIN}} '''Ding Junhui'''|'''263'''|{{ZD|ENG}} Shaun Murphy|132 ||{{ZD|ENG}} '''Ronnie O'Sullivan'''|'''572'''|{{ZD|KIN}} Ding Junhui|258 ||{{ZD|ENG}} '''Ali Carter'''|'''299'''|{{ZD|ENG}} Shaun Murphy|102 }} === Sudije === Turnir su sudile dvije profesionalne sutkinje, [[Michaela Tabb]] ([[Škotska]]) i [[Patricia Murphy]] ([[Irska]]). Tabb je bila glavni sudija na najviše [[bilijar]]skih takmičenja koje organizira [[Matchroom Sports]], kompanija koju je osnovao Hearn (uključujući [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u "devetki"]] i [[Mosconi kup]]), prva žena koja je sudila meč na nekom rangirnom turniru i prva žena koja je sudila finale Svjetskog prvenstva (bilo je to 2009), dok je Murphy počela suditi profesionalne partije od ''UK Championshipa'' 2005.<ref name="girls">[http://www.itv.com/sport/powersnooker/articles/meetthegirlswithballs "Meet the girls with balls"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111121235053/http://www.itv.com/sport/powersnooker/articles/meetthegirlswithballs/ |date= 21. 11. 2011}}, ITV, bez datuma.</ref> Tabb je uoči turnira rekla: "''Power Snooker'' je potpuno nova igra s potpuno novim setom pravila i donijet će dosta uzbudljivih izazova i za sudije i za igrače. Igrat će se u bržem tempu od tradicionalnog snukera i bit će je veoma uzbudljivo gledati", a Murphy je rekla: "Bit će sjajno vidjeti kako će publika reagirati i priključiti se akciji."<ref name="girls"></ref> === Javno prenošenje === Turnir je u [[Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo|Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu]] prenošen na [[ITV4]] tokom svih osam sati igre<ref name="o2"></ref>, što je bio prvi put nakon 2001. da ITV prenosi snuker. Radijski prijenos osigurao je [[Talksport]].<ref name="čuvaj"></ref> Osim toga, prenošen je u još 25 zemalja [[Evropa|Evrope]], [[Bliski Istok|Bliskog]] i [[Daleki istok|Dalekog istoka]], u [[Kina|Kini]], [[Latinska Amerika|Latinskoj Americi]] i [[Okeanija|Okeaniji]]. == Prijem == Zadržavši prosudbu o tome da li će ''Power Snooker'' moći izjednačiti uspjeh kriketa ''Twenty20'', ''Guardian'' je istakao da je uoči inauguralnog turnira format još uvijek morao pronaći partnera iz svijeta kladioničarskog biznisa, a povukao je i negativnu paralelu u odnosu na neuspjeh ''[[PowerPlay Golf]]a'' da donese više zarade.<ref name="o2"></ref> ''Guardian'' je, također, za O'Sullivanove komentare o pokretanju ovog formata (Ronnie je, naime, prokomentirao da je Svjetsko prvenstvo koje organizira ''WPBSA'' "stvarno dosadno") rekao da "i nisu baš ratnerovski", aludirajući na vrijeme kad je engleski biznismen [[Gerald Ratner]] nehotice smanjio vrijednost svom draguljarskom poslovanju nakon što je javno kritizirao vrijednost jednog svog proizvoda.<ref name="publika"></ref> == Također pogledajte == * [[Spisak snukerskih turnira]] == Reference == {{refspisak|2}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.powersnooker.com/ Službena stranica] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101010163637/http://www.itv.com/sport/powersnooker/?intcmp=NAV_SPORT7_POWERSNO5 ''Power Snooker'' na ''ITV.com''] {{Portal|Snuker}} [[Kategorija:Snuker]] rgn2h0y1ycxlwe5chtod5lmpisr6nea 10 148579 3426914 3424808 2022-08-01T13:36:34Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navkutija | ime = ATP brojevi 1 | naslov = ATP brojevi 1 | osnovastil = background-color: #465945; color: white; | tijeloklasa = hlist | podaci1 = * '''1.''' {{ZD|RUM|veličina=18px}} [[Ilie Năstase]] {{small|(1973/1974 – 40 s)}} * '''2.''' {{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[John Newcombe]] {{small|(1974 – 8 s)}} * '''3.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Jimmy Connors]] {{small|(1974/1983 – 268 s)}} * '''4.''' {{ZD|ŠVE|veličina=18px}} [[Björn Borg]] {{small|(1977/1981 – 109 s)}} * '''5.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[John McEnroe]] {{small|(1980/1985 – 170 s)}} * '''6.''' {{ZD|ČEŠ|veličina=18px}} {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Ivan Lendl]] {{small|(1983/1990 – 270 s)}} * '''7.''' {{ZD|ŠVE|veličina=18px}} [[Mats Wilander]] {{small|(1988/1989 – 20 s)}} * '''8.''' {{ZD|ŠVE|veličina=18px}} [[Stefan Edberg]] {{small|(1990/1992 – 72 s)}} * '''9.''' {{ZD|NJE|veličina=18px}} [[Boris Becker]] {{small|(1991 – 12 s)}} * '''10.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Jim Courier]] {{small|(1992/1993 – 58 s)}} * '''11.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Pete Sampras]] {{small|(1993/2000 – 286 s)}} * '''12.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Andre Agassi]] {{small|(1995/2003 – 101 s)}} * '''13.''' {{ZD|AUT|veličina=18px}} [[Thomas Muster]] {{small|(1996 – 6 s)}} * '''14.''' {{ZD|ČIL|veličina=18px}} [[Marcelo Ríos]] {{small|(1998 – 6 s)}} * '''15.''' {{ZD|ŠPA|veličina=18px}} [[Carlos Moyá]] {{small|(1999 – 2 s)}} * '''16.''' {{ZD|RUS|veličina=18px}} [[Jevgenij Kafeljnikov]] {{small|(1999 – 6 s)}} * '''17.''' {{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[Patrick Rafter]] {{small|(1999 – 1 s)}} * '''18.''' {{ZD|RUS|veličina=18px}} [[Marat Safin]] {{small|(2000/2001 – 9 s)}} * '''19.''' {{ZD|BRA|veličina=18px}} [[Gustavo Kuerten]] {{small|(2000/2001 – 43 s)}} * '''20.''' {{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[Lleyton Hewitt]] {{small|(2001/2003 – 80 s)}} * '''21.''' {{ZD|ŠPA|veličina=18px}} [[Juan Carlos Ferrero]] {{small|(2003 – 8 s)}} * '''22.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Andy Roddick]] {{small|(2003/2004 – 13 s)}} * '''23.''' {{ZD|ŠVI|veličina=15px}} [[Roger Federer]] {{small|(2004/2018 – 310 s)}} * '''24.''' {{ZD|ŠPA|veličina=18px}} [[Rafael Nadal]] {{small|(2008/2020 – 209 s)}} * '''25.''' {{ZD|SRB|veličina=18px}} [[Novak Đoković]] {{small|(2011/2022 – 373 s)}} * '''26.''' {{ZD|VB|veličina=18px}} [[Andy Murray]] {{small|(2016/2017 – 41 s)}} * '''27.''' {{ZD|RUS|veličina=18px}} '''[[Danil Medvedev]] {{small|(2022 – 11 s)'''}} | ispod = * ATP-lista vodi se od 3. 11. 1975 * (Prvi put na br. 1/Posljednji put na br. 1 – broj sedmica na br. 1 /s/) * Trenutni br. 1 podebljan (do 1. 8. 2022)<noinclude><ref>https://www.atptour.com/en/rankings/singles</ref></noinclude> }}[[Kategorija:ATP brojevi 1]]<noinclude> [[Kategorija:Teniski šabloni]] </noinclude> cxi2qf5f7xhvv040nbu3ygwsgmpfzmc 10 148623 3426912 3424811 2022-08-01T13:34:19Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navkutija | ime = WTA brojevi 1 | naslov = WTA brojevi 1 | osnovastil = background-color: #465945; color: white; | tijeloklasa = hlist | podaci1 = * '''1.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Chris Evert]] {{small|(1975/1985 – 260 s)}} * '''2.''' {{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[Evonne Goolagong]] {{small|(1976 – 2 s)}} * '''3.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Martina Navratilova]] {{small|(1978/1987 – 331 s)}} * '''4.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Tracy Austin]] {{small|(1980 – 22 s)}} * '''5.''' {{ZD|NJE|veličina=18px}} [[Steffi Graf]] {{small|(1987/1997 – 377 s)}} * '''6.''' {{ZD|JUG|veličina=18px}} {{ZD|SRJ|veličina=18px}} {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Monika Seleš]] {{small|(1991/1996 – 178 s)}} * '''7.''' {{ZD|ŠPA|veličina=18px}} [[Arantxa Sánchez Vicario]] {{small|(1995 – 12 s)}} * '''8.''' {{ZD|ŠVI|veličina=15px}} [[Martina Hingis]] {{small|(1997/2001 – 209 s)}} * '''9.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Lindsay Davenport]] {{small|(1998/2006 – 98 s)}} * '''10.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Jennifer Capriati]] {{small|(2001/2002 – 17 s)}} * '''11.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Venus Williams]] {{small|(2002 – 11 s)}} * '''12.''' {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Serena Williams]] {{small|(2002/2017 – 319 s)}} * '''13.''' {{ZD|BEL|veličina=15px}} [[Kim Clijsters]] {{small|(2003/2011 – 20 s)}} * '''14.''' {{ZD|BEL|veličina=15px}} [[Justine Henin]] {{small|(2003/2008 – 117 s)}} * '''15.''' {{ZD|FRA|veličina=15px}} [[Amélie Mauresmo]] {{small|(2004/2006 – 39 s)}} * '''16.''' {{ZD|RUS|veličina=18px}} [[Marija Šarapova]] {{small|(2005/2012 – 21 s)}} * '''17.''' {{ZD|SRB|veličina=18px}} [[Ana Ivanović]] {{small|(2008 – 12 s)}} * '''18.''' {{ZD|SRB|veličina=18px}} [[Jelena Janković]] {{small|(2008/2009 – 18 s)}} * '''19.''' {{ZD|RUS|veličina=18px}} [[Dinara Safina]] {{small|(2009 – 26 s)}} * '''20.''' {{ZD|DAN|veličina=18px}} [[Caroline Wozniacki]] {{small|(2010/2018 – 71 s)}} * '''21.''' {{ZD|BJE|veličina=18px}} [[Viktorija Azarenka]] {{small|(2012/2013 – 51 s)}} * '''22.''' {{ZD|NJE|veličina=18px}} [[Angelique Kerber]] {{small|(2016/2017 – 34 s)}} * '''23.''' {{ZD|ČEŠ|veličina=18px}} [[Karolína Plíšková]] {{small|(2017 – 8 s)}} * '''24.''' {{ZD|ŠPA|veličina=18px}} [[Garbiñe Muguruza]] {{small|(2017 – 4 s)}} * '''25.''' {{ZD|RUM|veličina=18px}} [[Simona Halep]] {{small|(2017/2019 – 64 s)}} * '''26.''' {{ZD|JPN|veličina=18px}} [[Naomi Osaka]] {{small|(2019 – 25 s)}} * '''27.''' {{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[Ashleigh Barty]] {{small|(2019/2022 – 121 s)}} * '''28.''' {{ZD|POLJ|veličina=18px}} '''[[Iga Świątek]] {{small|(2022 – 18 s)'''}} | ispod = * WTA-lista vodi se od 3. 11. 1975 * (Prvi put na br. 1/Posljednji put na br. 1 - broj sedmica na br. 1 /s/) * Trenutni br. 1 podebljan (do 1. 8. 2022)<noinclude><ref>https://www.wtatennis.com/rankings/singles</ref></noinclude> }}<noinclude> [[Kategorija:Teniski šabloni]] </noinclude> f081383rbe2ce4zh99g8r9o7ccyy2qc 4 148674 3426930 3422507 2022-08-01T18:20:55Z KWiki 9400 /* 2022. */ wikitext text/x-wiki {|cellspacing="10px" style="background:none; margin-top:-10px" | width="100%" style="border: 1px solid #BFB6A3; background:#FFF7E6; padding:1em" colspan="2"|[[Datoteka:Cscr-featured.svg|30p|lijevo|]] <center> <big> '''Arhiva 1 istaknutih članaka''' <big> <center> |- ! colspan="2" style="border:1px solid #68A; background:#FFF; padding:1em"| <center> <big>[[:Kategorija:Istaknuti članci|Spisak istaknutih članaka]]</big></center> ''Također pogledajte [[Wikipedia:Istaknuti članci/Prijašnji prijedlozi|Prijašnje prijedloge]] i [[Wikipedia:Istaknuti članci/Prijašnji članci|prijašnje članke]]'' |-! colspan="2" style="border:1px solid #68A; background:#FFF; padding:1em"| <center><big>Prijedlozi za nove istaknute članke</big></center> |} == 2004. == * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2004|VIII]] – [[Unsko-sanski kanton]]</s> * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2004|IX]] – [[Safet Sušić]]</s> * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2004|X]] – [[Baščaršija]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2004|XI]] – [[Musa Ćazim Ćatić]] * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2004|XII]] – [[Gimnastika]]</s> == 2005. == {{div col}} * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2005|I]] – [[Velika Srbija]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2005|II]] – [[William Shakespeare]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2005|III]] – [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2005|IV]] – [[Džingis-kan]]</s> * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2005|V]] – [[Ferhat-pašina džamija]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2005|VI]] – [[Venera]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2005|VII]] – [[Venera]] * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2005|VIII]] – [[Alexander Graham Bell]]</s> * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2005|IX]] – [[Skender Kulenović]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2005|X]] – [[Genocid u Srebrenici]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2005|XI]] – [[Arhitektura Bosne i Hercegovine]] * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2005|XII]] – [[Bejrut]]</s> {{div col end}} == 2006. == {{div col}} * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2006|I]] – [[Husein-kapetan Gradaščević]]</s> * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2006|II]] – [[Most Mehmed-paše Sokolovića]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2006|III]] – [[Visoko]] * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2006|IV]] – [[Norveški jezik]]</s> * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2006|V]] – [[Willy Brandt]]</s> * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2006|VI]] – [[OPEC]]</s> * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2006|VII]] – [[Masakri na Markalama]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2006|VIII]] – [[Charles Darwin]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2006|IX]] – [[Napadi 11. septembra 2001.]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2006|X]] – [[Ubuntu (operativni sistem)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2006|XI]] – [[Olimpijske igre]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2006|XII]] – [[Sociologija]] {{div col end}} == 2007. == {{div col}} * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2007|I]] – ''[[Da Vincijev kod]]''</s> * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2007|II]] – [[Diferencijalna mašina]]</s> * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2007|III]] – [[Bosna i Hercegovina u srednjem vijeku]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2007|IV]] – [[Islamska arhitektura]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2007|V]] – [[Bosanski sabor]] * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2007|VI]] – [[Erwin Rommel]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2007|VII]] – [[Sarajevo]] * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2007|VIII]] – [[Historija Sarajeva]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2007|IX]] – [[Filatelija u Bosni i Hercegovini]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2007|X]] – [[Doboj]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2007|XI]] – [[Zenica]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2007|XII]] – [[Bosna i Hercegovina]] {{div col end}} == 2008. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2008|I]] – ''[[Stargate SG-1]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2008|II]] – [[Marija Antoaneta]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2008|III]] – [[Hromatografija]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2008|IV]] – [[Queen]] * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2008|V]] – [[Program "Buran"]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2008|VI]] – [[Elizabeta I, kraljica Engleske]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2008|VII]] – [[Mineral]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2008|VIII]] – [[Ibuprofen]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2008|IX]] – [[Anne Boleyn]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2008|X]] – [[Bonn]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2008|XI]] – [[Adolf Eichmann]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2008|XII]] – [[Jakov II, kralj Engleske]] {{div col end}} == 2009. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2009|I]] – [[Štajerska (pokrajina)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2009|II]] – [[Gvatemala]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2009|III]] – [[Tenis]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2009|IV]] – [[Katarina Aragonska]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2009|V]] – [[Legija]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2009|VI]] – [[Rat na Pacifiku]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2009|VII]] – [[Svemirska utrka]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2009|VIII]] – [[Aspirin]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2009|IX]] – [[Ciceron]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2009|X]] – [[Demosten]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2009|XI]] – [[Fotosinteza]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2009|XII]] – [[Marija Terezija, kraljica Ugarske]] {{div col end}} == 2010. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2010|I]] – [[Antička Grčka]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2010|II]] – [[Kokain]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2010|III]] – [[Zemljotres]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2010|IV]] – [[Jakov I, kralj Engleske]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2010|V]] – [[Karlo II, kralj Engleske]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2010|VI]] – [[Liverpool FC]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2010|VII]] – [[Malta]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2010|VIII]] – [[Aspergerov sindrom]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2010|IX]] – ''[[CSI: Las Vegas]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2010|X]] – [[Multipla skleroza]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2010|XI]] – [[Las Vegas]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2010|XII]] – [[ABBA]] {{div col end}} == 2011. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2011|I]] – [[Aleksandar Aljehin]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2011|II]] – [[Antička Grčka]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2011|III]] – [[Nauru]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2011|IV]] – [[Juventus FC]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2011|V]] – [[Autizam]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2011|VI]] – [[Fobos (satelit)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2011|VII]] – [[Pariz]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2011|VIII]] – [[Fojnica]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2011|IX]] – [[Borba za nezavisnost zemalja Latinske Amerike]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2011|X]] – ''[[Pakleni šund]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2011|XI]] – [[Novak Đoković]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2011|XII]] – [[Lesoto]] {{div col end}} == 2012. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2012|I]] – ''[[Zločinački umovi]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2012|II]] – [[Košarka]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2012|III]] – [[Ivica Osim]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2012|IV]] – [[Pretorijanci]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2012|V]] – [[Ronnie O'Sullivan]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2012|VI]] – [[Sherlock Holmes]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2012|VII]] – [[Heroin]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2012|VIII]] – [[Nikotin]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2012|IX]] – [[Livno]] * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2012|X]] – [[Historija Evropske unije]]</s> * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2012|XI]] – [[Spinosaurus]] * <s>[[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2012|XII]] – [[Skalar (riba)|Skalar]]</s> {{div col end}} == 2013. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2013|I]] – [[Alfred Hitchcock]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2013|II]] – [[Stephen Hendry]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2013|III]] – [[Henning Mankell]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2013|IV]] – [[Elfriede Jelinek]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2013|V]] – ''[[Deset malih crnaca]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2013|VI]] – [[Borislav Pekić]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2013|VII]] – [[Bitka za Monte Cassino]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2013|VIII]] – [[Roger Federer]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2013|IX]] – [[Istraživanje Marsa]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2013|X]] – [[Skijaški skokovi]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2013|XI]] – [[Cerera (patuljasta planeta)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2013|XII]] – [[Namibija]] {{div col end}} == 2014. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2014|I]] – [[Paracetamol]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2014|II]] – [[Michael Scofield]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2014|III]] – ''[[Dosjei X (serija)|Dosjei X]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2014|IV]] – [[Dekolonizacija Afrike]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2014|V]] – [[Caroline Wozniacki]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2014|VI]] – [[Jelena Isinbajeva]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2014|VII]] – [[Ukrajina]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2014|VIII]] – [[Sherlock (serija)|''Sherlock'' (serija)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2014|IX]] – [[Kir Veliki]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2014|X]] – [[Lupus]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2014|XI]] – [[Seoul]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2014|XII]] – [[Iridij]] {{div col end}} == 2015. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2015|I]] – [[Krvna grupa]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2015|II]] – [[Izvijanje]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2015|III]] – [[Google]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2015|IV]] – [[Mašinstvo]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2015|V]] – [[Voda]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2015|VI]] – [[Hakeem Olajuwon]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2015|VII]] – ''[[Birdman]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2015|VIII]] – [[San Francisco]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2015|IX]] – ''[[Apokalipsa danas]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2015|X]] – [[Svjetski kup u biatlonu]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2015|XI]] – [[Doktor Živago (film)|''Doktor Živago'' (film)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2015|XII]] – [[Germanij]] {{div col end}} == 2016. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2016|I]] – [[Los Angeles]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2016|II]] – [[Njemačka]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2016|III]] – [[Microsoft]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2016|IV]] – [[Ateizam]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2016|V]] – [[Volkswagen]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2016|VI]] – [[Eurosong 2016.]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2016|VII]] – [[Genetika]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2016|VIII]] – [[Atentat na Johna F. Kennedyja‎]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2016|IX]] – [[Masakr u Bijeljini]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2016|X]] – [[Audi]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2016|XI]] – [[Škoda Auto]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2016|XII]] – [[Optika]] {{div col end}} == 2017. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2017|I]] – [[Sumpor]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2017|II]] – [[Ksenon]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2017|III]] – [[Itrij]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2017|IV]] – [[Nikola Tesla]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2017|V]] – [[Tantal]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2017|VI]] – [[Snuker]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2017|VII]] – [[Molibden]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2017|VIII]] – ''[[Igra prijestolja]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2017|IX]] – [[Hafnij]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2017|X]] – [[Evolucija čovjeka]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2017|XI]] – [[Slovenija]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2017|XII]] – [[Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija]] {{div col end}} == 2018. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2018|I]] – [[Batman]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2018|II]] – [[Albanija]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2018|III]] – [[Španija]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2018|IV]] – [[14. srednjobosanska udarna brigada]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2018|V]] – [[Mjesečina (film)|''Mjesečina'' (film)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2018|VI]] – [[Alabama]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2018|VII]] – [[Američki bogovi (serija)|''Američki bogovi'' (serija)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2018|VIII]] – [[Natrij]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2018|IX]] – [[Andrej Rubljov (film)|''Andrej Rubljov'' (film)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2018|X]] – ''[[Besramnici]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2018|XI]] – [[John Higgins (snuker)|John Higgins]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2018|XII]] – [[Sjevernoirski sukob]] {{div col end}} == 2019. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2019|I]] – [[The Doors]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2019|II]] – [[Deportacija Krimskih Tatara]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2019|III]] – [[Johann Pachelbel]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2019|IV]] – [[Wimbledon FC]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2019|V]] – [[Sherlock Holmes (2009)|''Sherlock Holmes'' (2009)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2019|VI]] – [[Karling]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2019|VII]] – ''[[Sherlock Holmes: Igra sjenki]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2019|VIII]] – [[Visoko u srednjem vijeku]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2019|IX]] – [[Atom]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2019|X]] – [[Uranij]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2019|XI]] – [[Prijatelji (serija)|''Prijatelji'' (serija)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2019|XII]] – [[Titanij]] {{div col end}} == 2020. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2020|I]] – [[Aphex Twin]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2020|II]] – ''[[Elementarno]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2020|III]] – [[Jerry Cantrell]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2020|IV]] – [[Furnir]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2020|V]] – [[Ćirilo i Metodije]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2020|VI]] – [[Evropa]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2020|VII]] – [[Ahemenidsko Carstvo]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2020|VIII]] – [[Snježna sova]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2020|IX]] – [[Bizantijska umjetnost]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2020|X]] – [[Egipat]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2020|XI]] – [[Mars]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2020|XII]] – [[Bioluminiscencija]] {{div col end}} == 2021. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2021|I]] – [[Računar]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2021|II]] – [[Mat lovcem i skakačem]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2021|III]] – [[Miroslav Blažević]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2021|IV]] – ''[[Snježno kraljevstvo]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2021|V]] – ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2021|VI]] – ''[[Spužva Bob Skockani]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2021|VII]] – [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine Justinijanove i Heraklijeve dinastije]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2021|VIII]] – [[Angola]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2021|IX]] – [[Terminator (1984)|''Terminator'' (1984)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2021|X]] – [[Josip Broz Tito]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2021|XI]] – ''[[Dookie]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2021|XII]] – [[Zvornik]] {{div col end}} == 2022. == {{div col}} * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/januar2022|I]] – [[Slavko Avsenik]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/februar2022|II]] – [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/mart2022|III]] – ''[[Sonic Adventure]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/april2022|IV]] – ''[[Zemlja nomada]]'' * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/maj2022|V]] – [[Košarka na Olimpijskim igrama]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juni2022|VI]] – [[Nimrod (album)|''Nimrod'' (album)]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/juli2022|VII]] – [[Silovanja u ratu u Bosni i Hercegovini]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/august2022|VIII]] – [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/septembar2022|IX]] – [[]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/oktobar2022|X]] – [[]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/novembar2022|XI]] – [[]] * [[Šablon:Istaknuti članak/decembar2022|XII]] – [[]] {{div col end}} 1ddegtkwtr1oqtv66h261bwu45lse6t 0 149811 3427014 3409226 2022-08-02T07:57:40Z Bakir123 110053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nedostaju izvori}} {{Preuređivanje}}{{Infokutija politički vođa |ime = Gamal Abdel Nasser<br />جمال عبد الناصر حسين |slika = President Gamal Abdel Nasser.jpg |redoslijed = [[Spisak predsjednika Egipta|2. predsjednik Egipta]] |vrijeme_na_vlasti = [[23. juni]] [[1956]] – [[28. septembar]] [[1970]] |prethodnik = [[Muhammad Naguib]] |nasljednik = [[Anwar El-Sadat]] |redoslijed2 = Generalni sekretar [[Pokret nesvrstanih|Pokreta nesvrstanih]] |vrijeme_na_vlasti2 = [[5. oktobar]] [[1964]] - [[28. septembar]] [[1970]] |prethodnik2 = [[Josip Broz Tito]] |nasljednik2 = [[Kenneth Kaunda]] |redoslijed3 = Premijer Egipta |vrijeme_na_vlasti3 = [[18. april]] [[1954]] – [[1. februar]] [[1958]] |prethodnik3 = |nasljednik3 = Muhammad Naguib |redoslijed4 = |vrijeme_na_vlasti4 = |prethodnik4 = |nasljednik4 = |datum_rođenja = [[15. januar]] [[1918]]. |mjesto_rođenja = [[Aleksandrija]] |datum_smrti = {{Datum smrti i godine|1970|09|28|1918|01|15}} |mjesto_smrti = [[Kairo]] |puno_ime = Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein |nacionalnost = |politička_stranka = [[Arapska Socijalistička Unija]] |supruga = Tahia Kazem |djeca = Hoda Abdel Nasser,<br />Mona Abdel Nasser,<br />Khalid Abdel Nasser,<br />Abdel Hamid Abdel Nasser,<br />Abdel Hakim Abdel Nasser |obrazovanje = |vjera = [[Islam]] |potpis = |web_stranica =http://www.nasser.org/home/main.aspx?lang=en }} '''Gamal Abdel Naser''' (arapski جمال عبد الناصر , Jamāl ‘Abd an-Nāṣir, masri جمال عبد الناصر, Gamāl ‘Abd el-Nāṣir, često transliterirano kao i Jamal Abd al-Naser, Jamal Abd an-Nasser) (Aleksandrija, 15. januara 1918 - [[Kairo]], 28. septembra 1970), bio je drugi predsjednik [[Egipat|Egipta]] od 14. novembra 1954. do smrti 1970. godine. Interes za politiku i akativizam stekao je još u školskoj dobi, a vrlo brzo se pridružio vojsci. Iako nije vidio previše borbe, bio je jedan od glavnih zavjerenika za ideju eliminiranja britanske vlasti u Egiptu uz pomoć Sila Osovine. Nakon rata je postao predavač na vojnoj akademiji, iako nije imao ni dana borbe. Bio je vođa Egipatske revolucije 1952. godine kojom je svrgnut kralj Faruk I. i koja je nagovijestila novo doba egipatske industrijalizacija, zajedno s napretkom arapskog nacionalizma. Uz Muhammada Nadžiba bio je jedan od idejnih vođa revolucije, a kasnije je iskoristio svoje govorničke i političke sposobnosti kako bi istog svrgnuo s vlasti i stavio u kućni pritvor. Zajedno s Titom i Nehruom odigrao je važnu ulogu u osnivanju Pokreta nesvrstanih 1955. (potpisivanjem Brijunske deklaracije), kao i Palestinske oslobodilačke organizacije 1964. Uveliko je poboljšao unutrašnje stanje u Egiptu, započeo industrijalizaciju, a i važan je zbog izgradnje Asuanske brane. Naser se smatra jednom od ključnih osoba moderne arapske historije, kao i [[Pokret nesvrstanih|pokreta nesvrstanih]]. Poznat je po svojoj arapsko-nacionalističkoj i antikolonijalističkoj vanjskoj politici. Panarapska ideologija nazvana po njemu, [[naserizam]], dobila je puno sljedbenika u arapskom svijetu tokom 1950-ih i 1960-ih. Nasera mnogi i dalje u arapskom svijetu gledaju kao simbol arapske slobode i digniteta. ==Vanjski linkovi== *{{Commonscat-inline|Gamal Abdel Nasser}} {{Hladni rat}} {{Osobe Hladnog rata}} {{Predsjednici Egipta}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nasser, Gamal Abdel }} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1918.]] [[Kategorija:Umrli 1970.]] [[Kategorija:Egipatski predsjednici]] [[Kategorija:Egipatski političari]] as62rxcgwjx5jk3cljnje59e029hrdc 4 152320 3426948 3421512 2022-08-01T19:31:57Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki __BEZSADRŽAJA__ __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{/Opis}} <big>'''Napomena''': za glasanje za dobre članke postoji [[Wikipedia:Dobri članci/Glasanje|ova stranica]].</big> = Glasanje = ('''Nominiranje nekog članka podrazumijeva se kao nominatorov glas "za".''') == ''[[Life Is Strange]]'' == ''Nominirao [[Korisnik:Imjusttherediting|Imjusttherediting]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Imjusttherediting|razgovor]]) 17:14, 22 januar 2020 (CET)'' === Za === === Protiv === === Komentari === * Kada bi se proširio, mogao bi ići? Trenutno je malo kratak za odabrani. [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 12:10, 23 januar 2020 (CET) ** Kad bi se proširio (npr. s en.wiki) prije bi bio za dobar po mom mišljenju. – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 12:18, 23 januar 2020 (CET) == [[Noćna kretanja]] == ''Nominirao [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 19:18, 9 decembar 2021 (CET)'' === Za === * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 11:01, 6 januar 2022 (CET) === Protiv === === Komentari === * produžiti [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 19:22, 9 decembar 2021 (CET) == [[Rana bizantijska umjetnost]] == ''Nominirao [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 19:21, 9 decembar 2021 (CET)'' === Za === * {{Za}} [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 19:25, 9 decembar 2021 (CET) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 23:52, 9 decembar 2021 (CET) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 11:01, 6 januar 2022 (CET) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 20:43, 23 januar 2022 (CET) * {{Za}} [[Korisnik:AdnanSa|AdnanSa]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:AdnanSa|razgovor]]) 10:01, 23 juni 2022 (CEST) === Protiv === === Komentari === == [[Zabranjeno pušenje]] == ''Nominirao [[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 22:54, 5 januar 2022 (CET)'' === Za === * {{Za}} Čim ga Arnel sredi, postavljamo. --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 11:02, 6 januar 2022 (CET) === Protiv === * {{protiv}}--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 09:37, 6 januar 2022 (CET) === Komentari === * Loše napisan članak, stilski i pravopisno, kao i enciklopedijski nesređen.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 09:38, 6 januar 2022 (CET) :Sredit ćemo. Uglavnom, ima potencijal. [[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 09:59, 6 januar 2022 (CET) == [[Koncert U2-a u Sarajevu]] == ''Nominirao [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:41, 7 juni 2022 (CEST)'' === Za === * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 15:56, 7 juni 2022 (CEST) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 16:37, 7 juni 2022 (CEST) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 12:35, 19 juni 2022 (CEST) * {{Za}} [[Korisnik:AdnanSa|AdnanSa]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:AdnanSa|razgovor]]) 10:01, 23 juni 2022 (CEST) === Protiv === === Komentari === * Prijedlog za septembar (tada će biti 25. godišnjica koncerta). – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:41, 7 juni 2022 (CEST) hta8bn2mwsby9b3b52ykqrx201wp62o 3 257199 3426967 3425734 2022-08-01T21:20:01Z MediaWiki message delivery 64602 /* Tech News: 2022-31 */ novi odlomak wikitext text/x-wiki {{Korisnik:EdinBot/Arhivirati |min_tema_arhivirati = 3 |indeks = Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki/Tech news/Arhive |maks_veličina_arhive = 300K |min_tema_ostaviti = 3 |maks_starost_teme = staro(15d) |arhiva = Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki/Tech news/Arhiva %(godina)d }} == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2013/22|Tech news: 2013-22]] == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. ''Please inform other users about these changes.'' ;Recent software changes: ''(Not all changes will affect you.)'' * The [[m:mw:Extension:Translate|Translate extension]] and [[m:mw:Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] were enabled on Wikimedia Commons on May 20. Commons users can now easily change languages, and translate pages with a friendly interface. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commit;h=3e901f819813f9c7f71d9030596d218ccb8b2d89] * The [[m:mw:Echo (Notifications)|Notifications]] feature, active on the English Wikipedia, now supports [[m:mw:Extension:Echo#Notification blacklist.2Fwhitelist|local blacklists and whitelists]]. It is possible to hide users (for example certain bots) from all notifications on the wiki. Also, e-mail notifications are now grouped. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=mediawiki/extensions/Echo.git;a=commit;h=c0b0d78e50f07bef96a2866de1041b8d4a4ef798] [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Server_Admin_Log&diff=71429&oldid=71418] * The first stable release of [[m:mw:MediaWiki 1.21|MediaWiki 1.21]] for sites outside Wikimedia was published on May 25. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069570.html] * The tool storing information about languages ([[m:mw:Extension:CLDR|CLDR]]) was updated to the [http://cldr.unicode.org/index/downloads/cldr-23-1 latest version] (23.1). [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/65351/] * Due to a [[bugzilla:48693|software issue]], users couldn't enable or disable [[m:mw:Gadgets|Gadgets]]. The issue is now fixed. ;Future software changes: * MediaWiki will stop supporting [[m:w:en:XHTML#XHTML_1.0|XHTML 1.0]] and [[m:w:en:HTML|HTML]] versions lower than version 5. [[m:w:en:HTML5|HTML5]] will now be the default language for pages created by the software. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=mediawiki/core.git;a=commit;h=97caae596d5493ea2f3e4ba505204a7e278d0590] [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=mediawiki/core.git;a=commit;h=b7bec085ce0af0807017c5292ba3114ccf11dfe5] * The software will check if all uploaded files are secure and match their [[m:w:en:Internet media type|type]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=mediawiki/core.git;a=commitdiff;h=42333412833ab7f7515e193b83a909921c34887d;hp=7106407580616dc56bfe414e03839b1f50270a74] * The Wikimedia Commons [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.wikimedia.commons&hl=pl Android app] will come out of the [[m:w:en:Software release life cycle#Beta|beta phase]] on its next release. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/design/2013-May/000587.html] * Account creation by manual log-in will now be recorded in the [[Special:Log/newusers|account creation log]] ([[bugzilla:42434|bug 42434]]). [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=mediawiki/extensions/CentralAuth.git;a=commitdiff;h=6298b4f365f60d2ccea2a463c458d5d385510028;hp=7372247ed95378825e9e979e7824715a7766ec4d] * Links to file description pages will again be accessible directly from within videos ([[bugzilla:43747|bug 43747]]). [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=mediawiki/extensions/TimedMediaHandler.git;a=commit;h=687afa30f12b2825306dfe74569c5529d73d2e40] * The software behind recent changes patrolling was re-written; the change fixes issues related to patrolling new pages, among other things. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/41196/] * During a [[m:mw:Amsterdam Hackathon 2013|meeting]], developers [[m:mw:Architecture guidelines|agreed on rules]] about making big changes to the software. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069569.html] * There is now a category to list pages with invalid [[m:mw:Extension:Score|music code]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/63268/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Tech/News/2013/22|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Unsubscribe]].'' <!-- EdwardsBot 0464 --> 20:45, 27 maj 2013‎ (CET) == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2013/23|Tech news: 2013-23]] == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. ''Please inform other users about these changes.'' ;Recent software changes: ''(Not all changes will affect you.)'' * The latest version of MediaWiki ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.22/wmf5|1.22/wmf5]]) was added to non-Wikipedia wikis on May 29. It [[mw:MediaWiki 1.22/Roadmap|will be enabled]] on the English Wikipedia on June 3, and on all other Wikipedias on June 5. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commitdiff;h=f396a742b067386ca5a4aeeeb384214c3b362825;hp=55dddd70da414bace5f49ff0a10b2846fb26e869] * The Tamil Wikipedia shared a [[m:w:ta:Module:Main page|Lua module]] they created to automate their Main Page. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-May/000263.html] * There is now a [http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikitest-rtl/w/ test wiki] to test new features in right-to-left languages. [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/05/30/test-features-in-a-right-to-left-language-environment/] * The [[:mw:Extension:Thanks|Thanks]] feature was added to the English Wikipedia; users can now thank others for individual edits. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commitdiff;h=53f45ed9d0ac6998ab28768559e5b15fe221b806;hp=35b1d8d6ac1692c7b3578621026fa97ef806a4ce] * The [[:mw:Account creation user experience|new interface]] for account creation and log-in is now the default on 30 wikis, including the English Wikipedia, Commons, Meta, and Wikidata. The feature will be added to all wikis [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2013-May/126214.html after June 5]. Users can return to the old look by [//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UserLogin?useNew=0 adding ?useNew=0] to the web address. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commitdiff;h=520a3b4eeee6dec0cce14677751b81f6dba21262;hp=004f02b44b45333964cfe0c0d233b6906c034f71] * Videos are now [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069628.html played in pop-up windows] if their size on the page is smaller than 200 pixels (800 pixels on the English Wikipedia). [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commitdiff;h=b8c7c95b067319750531e19ab3388be6ac17e938;hp=3fc86406b2a73fe182105533d16ddd813800b85f] * Opening your talk page now marks notifications as read, for wikis using the [[:mw:Extension:Notifications|Notifications]] feature. ([[bugzilla:47912|bug 47912]]) [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=mediawiki/extensions/Echo.git;a=commitdiff;h=71f250e0c60b78ac66e90ffe5471ae3ea0251331;hp=2398851f18ba95614b202112b06124887c563d6c]. * All autoconfirmed users can now reset [[w:en:transcoding|transcoding]] of video files; previously only administrators could do this. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/57286/] * The [[m:w:Special:Nearby|Nearby]] feature allows people who use mobile devices to see Wikipedia articles about objects and places around them. [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/05/29/wikipedia-nearby-beta/] ;Future software changes: * The [[:mw:Extension:PostEdit|PostEdit]] feature is now part of MediaWiki, and will work on all wikis. ([[bugzilla:48276|bug 48726]]) [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/66137/] * The [[mw:Extension:Narayam|Narayam]] and [[mw:Extension:WebFonts|WebFonts]] extensions will be [[mw:Universal Language Selector/Deployment/Planning|replaced]] by the [[mw:Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] extension. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/63113/] * MediaWiki will now be updated [[mw:Deployments/One week|every week]], starting on June 6. Thanks to this, bugs will be fixed and features will be added faster than they are now. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069128.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2013/23|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div> <!-- EdwardsBot 0472 --> 21:10, 3 juni 2013‎ (CET) == Support request with team editing experiment project == Dear tech ambassadors, instead of spamming the Village Pump of each Wikipedia about my tiny project proposal for researching team editing (see here: [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:IdeaLab/Research_team_editing https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:IdeaLab/Research_team_editing]), I have decided to leave to your own discretion if the matter is relevant enough to inform a wider audience already. I would appreciate if you could appraise if the Wikipedia community you are more familiar with could have interest in testing group editing "on their own grounds" and with their own guidance. In a nutshell: it consists in editing pages as a group instead of as an individual. This social experiment might involve redefining some aspects of the workflow we are all used to, with the hope of creating a more friendly and collaborative environment since editing under a group umbrella creates less social exposure than traditional "individual editing". I send you this message also as a proof that the Inspire Campaign is already gearing up. As said I would appreciate of *you* just a comment on the talk page/endorsement of my [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:IdeaLab/Research_team_editing project] noting your general perception about the idea. Nothing else. Your contribution helps to shape the future! (which I hope it will be very bright, with colors, and Wikipedia everywhere) Regards from [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Micru User:Micru] on meta. <!-- Message sent by User:Micru@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=12060169 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2015/51|Tech News: 2015-51]] == <section begin="technews-2015-W51"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2015/51|Translations]] are available. '''Changes this week''' *Meta will be able to use information from Wikidata. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T117524] *<span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 15 December. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 16 December. It will be on all Wikipedias from 17 December. ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item"> [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=08&month=12&year=2015 15 December at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is talking about the agenda for the [[mw:Wikimedia Developer Summit 2016|Wikimedia Developer Summit]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=22&min=00&sec=0&day=02&month=12&year=2015 16 December at 22:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/E121] '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> A new [[mw:Extension:Gadgets|gadget]] manager will come next year. The new gadget system is called [[mw:Gadgets 2.0|Gadgets 2.0]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T31272] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2015/51|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2015-W51"/> 18:41, 14 decembar 2015 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15116736 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2015/52|Tech News: 2015-52]] == <section begin="technews-2015-W52"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2015/52|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * Because of the [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|holidays]], the next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 11 January 2016. * The writers of the technical newsletter are asking for your opinion. Did you get the information you wanted this year? Did we miss important technical news in 2015? What kind of information was too late? [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Please tell us]]! You can write in your language. Thank you! '''Recent changes''' * CompletionSuggester is a new suggestions algorithm for Search. It is available as a Beta feature since 17 December. ([[mw:Extension:CirrusSearch/CompletionSuggester|more information]]) * The Multimedia team is running an A/B test for the cross-wiki upload tool. They are testing four different interfaces. The test is running from 16-23 December. ([[mw:Multimedia/December 2015 cross-wiki upload A/B test|more information]]) '''Changes this week''' * There is no deployment of MediaWiki scheduled until 12 January 2016 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * Should administrators and other users with advanced tools need stronger passwords? You can discuss about it in a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requests for comment/Password policy for users with certain advanced permissions|Request for Comments]]. * No meeting with the VisualEditor team on 22 and 29 December, and 5 January. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2015/52|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2015-W52"/> 19:29, 21 decembar 2015 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15166344 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/02|Tech News: 2016-02]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W02"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/02|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Wikimedia no longer uses visitor statistics from [[w:en:ComScore|comScore]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/ComScore/Announcement] * You can make interactive graphs with the [[mw:Extension:Graph|Graph extension]]. There is now a [[mw:Extension:Graph/Interactive Graph Tutorial|tutorial for how to do this]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2015-December/084416.html] '''Problems''' * Some pages do not turn in up in categories where they should be. This is because link tables are sometimes not populated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T117332] '''Changes this week''' * The [[mw:Extension:Nuke|Nuke extension]] will work with [[mw:Flow|Flow]]. This will make it easier to handle spam in Flow. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T115695] * New file uploads will now be patrollable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T11501] * Internet Explorer 8 will no longer have [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] support. You will [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility#Basic|still be able to browse and edit Wikipedia]] if you use Internet Explorer 8, but will not be able to use some features. This can be solved by upgrading to a newer version or switching to a different browser. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118303][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2015-November/001286.html] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item"> [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=12&month=01&year=2016 12 January at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> URLs in the recent changes IRC feed will no longer be rewritten to unencrypted HTTP. This could be a breaking change for bots dependent on the IRC feed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T122933] * The edit tabs for the wikitext editor and the visual editor will be combined to one single edit tab. You will be able to choose which one you prefer. If you are not logged in, your choice will be saved as a cookie in your browser. You [[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2015/December|can test the single edit tab]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T102398][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2015/December] * There is a beta feature that [[mw:Beta Features/Other projects sidebar|adds links to the subject on other Wikimedia projects]]. This works much like the links to for example Wikipedia articles in other languages. It will go out of beta testing and be enabled for everyone in January. Wikis that don't want this can decide to have it disabled. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2015-December/001305.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T103102] * The difference between "alerts" and "messages" notifications is unclear to some. The developers want feedback at [[phab:T123018|the Phabricator task]] or [[mw:Topic:Sw196pvf5vwt6pku|on MediaWiki.org]] so they can make this better. You can give feedback in your language if you can't write in English. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/02|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W02"/> 17:59, 11 januar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15213553 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/03|Tech News: 2016-03]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W03"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/03|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You will be able to find or mark bugs and suggestions in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] that are specific for your language or wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T91286] * Notifications have been upgraded with more detailed and easier-to-access information. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications|See the documentation]]. Cross-wiki notifications will be available soon on the two test wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T123570] '''Changes this week''' * The visual editor uses the [[mw:Extension:TemplateData|TemplateData extension]] to make editing templates easier. You will now get a warning when you edit a TemplateData form and leave it without saving. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T106382] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> MediaWiki will get a new authentication and authorization system called AuthManager. This is planned to happen in a month or two. Some bots will need to change how they log in. Two new and more stable authentication methods will be available now: Owner-only [[mw:Extension:OAuth|OAuth]] credentials and bot passwords. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-January/084501.html read more about the change]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121113] *<span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 19 January. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 20 January. It will be on all Wikipedias from 21 January ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item"> [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=19&month=01&year=2016 19 January at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is governance model. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=22&min=00&sec=0&day=20&month=01&year=2016 20 January at 22:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/03|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W03"/> 18:55, 18 januar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15252579 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/04|Tech News: 2016-04]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W04"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/04|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now follow when pages are added or removed from a category on German Wikipedia. The plan is to add it to Wikimedia Commons and other Wikipedias this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T9148][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:CategoryMembershipChanges] * Administrators can hide individual entries of a page with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:RevisionDelete|RevisionDelete]]. There is now a button to choose "all", "none" or "inverse" in Special:Log. The article history will get the same buttons soon. Wikis that have done this locally with JavaScript will be able to remove that code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T92230] '''Changes this week''' *You will be able to see the references when you preview a section you are editing. This will happen even if there is no <nowiki><references /></nowiki> tag in that section. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T7984] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 26 January. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 27 January. It will be on all wikis from 28 January ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=26&month=01&year=2016 26 January at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * There is now an extension called [[mw:Extension:ArticlePlaceholder|ArticlePlaceholder]]. It can automatically generate content on Wikipedia with data from Wikidata if there is no Wikipedia article. It will have a tag to remind the reader it is not an article and ask the reader to create one. The developer is now looking for smaller Wikipedias that want to try the extension. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2016-January/008004.html] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/OTRS|OTRS]] system will be upgraded. The plan is to do this on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=08&min=00&sec=0&day=03&month=02&year=2016 3 February at 08:00 (UTC)]. It will probably take 6 to 8 hours. OTRS will be down during the upgrade. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T74109] * Users will soon be automatically congratulated when they reach some edit count milestones. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T124003] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/04|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W04"/> 17:39, 25 januar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15269963 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/05|Tech News: 2016-05]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W05"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/05|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Sites with a <code>wikimedia.org</code> address were by mistake redirected to the [[wmf:Home|Wikimedia Foundation wiki]] on 26 January. This included Meta and Wikimedia Commons. The mistake was fixed after an hour. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20160126-WikimediaDomainRedirection] * Some users had problems logging in and out around 22 January. Bots also had problems and edit previews did not work properly. This was because of problems related to the new component SessionManager. It was undone on 23 January. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20160123-SessionManagerRolloutFailure][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T123451] * Because of new problems with SessionManager the latest version of MediaWiki was removed from the Wikimedia wikis again on 31 January. The new version this week will be without SessionManager. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-February/084669.html] '''Changes this week''' * The page history will get a help link. This will go to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Page history|Help:Page history]] on Meta. Wikis can exchange it for a link to their local pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T124885] * Notifications will only show part of a page name if it is very long. You will also have another way to mark notifications as read. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T123657][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121935] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] input methods are now available with the visual editor. This means many who write in non-Latin scripts can now use the visual editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T51569] * The visual editor will now give you more tools to edit tables. You can move rows and columns in a table and copy parts of tables to make new ones. You can also copy and paste more than one cell at the same time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T88694][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T85791][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T123826] * The visual editor has a new warning message when you leave a page you are editing without saving. Non-English wikis might need to translate it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121754][https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:MessageGroupStats&language=&group=ext-visualeditor-0-all] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 2 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 3 February. It will be on all wikis from 4 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=02&month=02&year=2016 2 February at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is [[phab:E138|expiring watch list entries]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=22&min=00&sec=0&day=03&month=02&year=2016 3 February at 22:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The <code>rest.wikimedia.org</code> domain will be shut down. This is planned to happen in March. You should use <code>/api/rest_v1/</code> at each individual project domain instead. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-January/084566.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/05|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W05"/> 22:01, 1 februar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15298047 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/06|Tech News: 2016-06]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W06"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/06|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[w:en:Syntax highlighting|Syntax highlighting]] support is now available for 53 more computer languages. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-February/084695.html] * When you get a notification that an edit has been reverted, the notification now quotes part of the edit summary. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121808] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[mw:RESTBase|RESTBase]] is now using <code>scrub_wikitext</code> instead of <code>scrubWikitext</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T114620] '''Changes this week''' * Wikidata will have a new data type called "math". It will be used for formulas. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T124931][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2016-February/008140.html] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 9 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 10 February. It will be on all wikis from 11 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=09&month=02&year=2016 9 February at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is [[phab:T114662|per-language URLs for pages of multilingual wikis]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=22&min=00&sec=0&day=10&month=02&year=2016 10 February at 22:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Other sites will be able to tell when visitors come from links on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia sites. They used to be able to do this until we started using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/HTTPS|forced HTTPS]] in June 2015. This is planned to happen on 15 February. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T87276][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:Wikimedia_referrer_policy] * Wikidata will have a new data type called "external-id". It will be used for references to external resources. It will be enabled on February 16. Some properties will be changed to the new data type. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2016-February/008140.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T125633][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Addshore/Identifiers] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/06|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W06"/> 19:58, 8 februar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15323422 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/07|Tech News: 2016-07]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W07"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/07|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now edit pages on the mobile site version without JavaScript. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T125174] * You can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Math|Math extension]] to write chemistry formulas. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T126272] '''Problems''' * A few editors might have been logged in as someone else because of a bug. For security reasons everyone was logged out on 9 February. If you have seen this bug, you [[mw:User talk:Tgr (WMF)/Session pollution|can report it]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-February/001345.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T126069] '''Changes this week''' * There is a beta feature that [[mw:Beta Features/Other projects sidebar|adds links to the subject on other Wikimedia projects]]. The plan was to have it leave beta testing and be enabled for everyone in January. It will happen on 16 February instead. Wikis that don't want this can decide to have it disabled. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2015-December/001305.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T103102] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications/Cross-wiki|Cross-wiki notifications]] will be available as a beta feature on Wikidata, MediaWiki, Commons, and all Hebrew and French wikis on 19 February. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T124234] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 16 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 17 February. It will be on all wikis from 18 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=16&month=02&year=2016 16 February at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The search function on Wikimedia wikis will get a [[mw:Extension:CirrusSearch/CompletionSuggester|completion suggester]] that tries to find the right pages as the user is typing. It will also recognize some typos. This will probably happen in March. It is currently in beta. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T126271] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/07|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W07"/> 18:16, 15 februar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15345667 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/08|Tech News: 2016-08]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W08"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/08|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] has been upgraded. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120013][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-February/084841.html] '''Problems''' * There was no new MediaWiki version last week. Changes that were planned to happen last week will happen this week instead. This is because of a bug that made saving pages take longer time. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-February/084816.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T126700] '''Changes this week''' * After February 23, you can use Wikidata for inter-language links on Wikiversity. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T109675] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=23&month=02&year=2016 23 February at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is [[phab:T125865|Assign RFCs to ArchCom shepherds]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=22&min=00&sec=0&day=24&month=02&year=2016 24 February at 22:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/08|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W08"/> 19:22, 22 februar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15364297 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/09|Tech News: 2016-09]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W09"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/09|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Thanks to the [[mw:Extension:Graph|Graph extension]] and [[wikitech:Analytics/PageviewAPI|Pageview API]], we now have [[m:template:Graph:PageViews|<nowiki>{{Graph:PageViews}}</nowiki>]] templates that can show pageviews for any wiki page for any of the wikis. See [[m:Community Tech/Pageview stats tool#Graph extension|the examples]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Capiunto|Capiunto]] extension is installed on [https://test.wikipedia.org test wiki]. Capiunto provides flexible infobox functionality for [[mw:Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] and generates HTML for infobox features such as headers and rows. It is designed for clean and modern infoboxes that are driven by data from Wikidata, easily usable across different language versions, and easily extensible. * The visual editor now follows the TemplateData <code>format</code> setting announced in November. When you edit or add a use of a template, the wikitext will be laid out in one of the two ways. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T111674][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T104599] * The order of parameters and format defined in a template's TemplateData will be now respected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T104599][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T111674] '''Changes this week''' * On wikis where the visual editor is available in single edit tab mode, red links may open the visual editor instead of the wikitext editor, depending on user preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T55441] * Anonymous editor warning is now displayed as a warningbox for consistency in both the visual editor and the wikitext editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T127403] * [[mw:Parsoid|Parsoid]] has been updated to fit some HTML 5 specifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108134] '''Meetings''' * Resigning executive director Lila Tretikov is taking questions at [[m:Knowledge_Engine/FAQ|Knowledge Engine FAQ]] regarding the much talked about project. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2016-February/082470.html] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=01&month=03&year=2016 1 March at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/09|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W09"/> 21:12, 29 februar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15391422 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/10|Tech News: 2016-10]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W10"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/10|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Files on Wikimedia Commons can now be 2 GB big. The old limit was 1 GB. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T76614] * Welcome notifications now have a different symbol. English Wikipedia already had this one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T49662] * The Wikimedia memory cache servers in the [[wikitech:Eqiad cluster|Eqiad cluster]] have now been upgraded to Debian 8 (Jessie). Some users might have had to log in again because of this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T123711] * It is now easier to categorize images uploaded to Wikimedia Commons in the Commons Android app. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T126848] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Bare attributes in tags now parse according to the HTML5 specifications. <code><pages from= to= section=1></code> will parse as <code><pages from="to=" section="1"></code> instead of <code><pages from="" to="" section="1"></code> as it used to. Please use <code><pages from="" to="" section=1></code> or <code><pages section=1></code> instead. This is mostly likely to affect pages on Wikisource projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108134] '''Problems''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] has been a bit unstable lately. This should be fixed now. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2016-March/000098.html] * The PageView API shows wrong data between 23 February and 29 February for pages with special characters in their title. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T128295] * The parsing change mentioned above caused a large number of pages to break, especially on Wikisource. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108134] * You may see falsely formatted edit links on both mobile and desktop devices. Mobile devices can also show incorrect formatted table of contents. This should be fixed soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T124356] * Templates using TemplateData that were edited with the visual editor might have some problems in wikitext mode. This can be fixed by editing and saving the page by using the visual editor without making any changes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T128337] '''Changes this week''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications/Cross-wiki|Cross-wiki notifications]] will be enabled as a beta feature on all wikis on 10 March. You will be able to get notifications when something happens on another Wikimedia wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T124234] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 8 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 9 March. It will be on all wikis from 10 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Wikivoyages will get the [[mw:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer extension]]. Kartographer will allow <code><mapframe></code> and <code><maplink></code> tags in an article to insert an interactive map and overlay it with different markers. You can add ideas and suggestions to the [[mw:Talk:Maps|Maps talk page]]. If you find any bugs, you can report them in [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?tags=kartographer,maps&subscribers=yurik,maxsem Phabricator]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T127136] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=08&month=03&year=2016 8 March at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The buttons in interfaces will be simplified. Instead of white, red, green and blue buttons, in future there will only be white, red and blue ones. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T110555] * The Wikimedia technical operations team plans to do some server work on 22 March. This could cause some problems, for example make it possible to read but not edit the Wikimedia wikis for a short period of time. The date for this might change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T124671] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/10|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W10"/> 21:24, 7 mart 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15402334 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/11|Tech News: 2016-11]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W11"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/11|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *The mobile web interface no longer suggests [[Mw:HiDPI display support|HiDPI thumbnails]]. This is to take up less bandwidth on slow or expensive connections. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T119797] *The search engine on [http://www.wikipedia.org wikipedia.org] has been updated. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia.org_Portal_Improvements] '''Changes this week''' *Wikimedia has a new backup data center in Dallas. Because of planned work on this, '''you will be able to read but not edit the wikis''' for a short period of time on both 22 March and 24 March. This could be postponed to April 18. You might lose edits if you try to save during this time. Because of a test, there will also be a couple of minutes where you can't edit the wikis on 15 March starting 07:00 UTC. You can [[m:Tech/Server switch 2016|read more about the server work]]. There will be more notifications and updates about this. * Administrators and other users with advanced permissions will need to have an 8-byte long passwords. This change takes place on 15 March. Users with too short passwords will be asked to change password the next time they log in. This was decided in [[m:Requests for comment/Password policy for users with certain advanced permissions|a discussion on Meta]] and is because they can use tools that can hurt the wikis. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-March/001374.html] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 15 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 16 March. It will be on all wikis from 17 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The buttons in interfaces will be simplified. Instead of white, red, green and blue buttons, in future there will only be white, red and blue ones. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T110555] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=15&month=03&year=2016 15 March at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topics this week are [[phab:T78639|backlog]] and [[phab:T66214|thumb API]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=16&month=03&year=2016 16 March at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/11|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W11"/> 19:37, 14 mart 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15438638 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/12|Tech News: 2016-12]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W12"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/12|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Wikimedia has a new backup data center in Dallas. The Wikimedia Technology department planned to test it this week. This will take place the week of April 18 instead. You can [[m:Tech/Server switch 2016|read more about the server work]]. There will be more notifications and updates about this. * In Firefox, the visual editor would sometimes just jump down to the bottom of the page when you double-clicked on a table cell. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T128282] '''Changes this week''' * It will now be easier to list IP addresses that don't have to solve [[:w:en:CAPTCHA|CAPTCHAs]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T103122] * You will now be able to mark Echo notifications as unread. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73564] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 21 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 22 March. It will be on all wikis from 23 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=22&month=03&year=2016 22 March at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> URLs in the recent changes IRC feed will no longer be rewritten to unencrypted HTTP. This could be a breaking change for bots dependent on the IRC feed. This will happen on May 2. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T122933] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/12|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W12"/> 17:04, 21 mart 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15460858 --> :Hi, a minor correction: The MediaWiki deployment dates are March 22–24, not 21–23. My apologies. /[[Posebno:Doprinos/81.234.92.187|81.234.92.187]] 09:15, 22 mart 2016 (CET) == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/13|Tech News: 2016-13]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W13"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/13|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * MediaWiki [[mw:Manual:Semantic Web|now supports the semantic web standards of Microdata and RDFa 1.0]]. On Wikimedia projects, a configuration change must be requested in order to enable RDFa 1.0. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T130034] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T130040] '''Problems''' * Adding references with Citoid was broken for approximately 6 hours on 24 March. This was fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T130847] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 29 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 30 March. It will be on all wikis from 31 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). * You will be able to remove the header and footer style from User language (babel) boxes. This will make it easier to use them with other userboxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33309] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with part of the Architecture committee, which will discuss [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/E152#1558 a few topics]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=30&month=03&year=2016 30 March at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The Architecture committee has sent a [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-March/085100.html summary of new and ongoing RFC discussions]. '''Future changes''' * Commons will soon have improved access to Wikidata's data. It will then be possible to access data about any concept on any page on Commons. Assistance with testing this on the beta cluster is appreciated. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Village_pump#Wikidata_support:_getting_arbitrary_access_done] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Wikibits.js will not be loaded by default anymore starting April 2016. Gadget and script authors should have already updated their code since the previous announcements, but there is another migration path available if needed. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-March/085113.html wikitech-l for details]. '''Corrections''' * Last week Tech News said the new MediaWiki version would come to wikis from 21 March to 23 March. The right dates were 22 March to 24 March. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/13|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W13"/> 21:43, 28 mart 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15480543 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/14|Tech News: 2016-14]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W14"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/14|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *You can filter [[m:Help:Special page#Logs|Special:Log]] in more detail. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T20954] *Wikimedia wikis have a new way of counting visitors. [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2016/03/30/unique-devices-dataset/] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from April 5. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from April 6. It will be on all wikis from April 7 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/14|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W14"/> 00:13, 5 april 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15501448 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/15|Tech News: 2016-15]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W15"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/15|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The visual editor can generate wikicode with image options in your language. Examples of image options are "thumb" or "left". You can ask to change to options in your language in Phabricator. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T53852][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116020] * Wiktionaries and Wikisources can now use the visual editor. It is an opt-in beta feature. It still needs development to work better with these projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T48580][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:VisualEditor/The_visual_editor_at_Wikisources_and_Wiktionaries] * [[m:Objective Revision Evaluation Service|ORES]] is using new models. Tools that use ORES' predictions can behave strangely. ORES also has a new [[w:en:Application programming interface|API]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-April/085258.html] * The visual editor now supports classical Greek characters. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T130535] '''Problems''' * There was a bug when you used keyboard arrows in templates in the visual editor. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T128861] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 12 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 13 April. It will be on all wikis from 14 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The wikipedia.org portal will get many small bug fixes and improvements. Most will be for the search box and suggested results that were added in March. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T130755] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=12&month=04&year=2016 12 April at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the [[mw:Architecture committee|Architecture committee]]. The topics this week are [[phab:T130567|improving transclusion of templates for Parsoid]] and [[phab:T114445|balanced templates]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=13&month=04&year=2016 13 April at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Wikimedia has a new backup data center in Dallas. Because of planned work on this, you will be able to read but not edit the wikis for a short period of time on both 19 April and 21 April. This will start at 14:00 UTC and last for 15 to 30 minutes. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch_2016] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/15|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W15"/> 22:44, 11 april 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15515435 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/16|Tech News: 2016-16]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W16"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/16|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can filter [[m:Help:Special page#Logs|Special:Log]] in more detail. You can filter different imports and new users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T109267][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T16334] * You can use [[w:en:Telnet|Telnet]] to read Wikimedia wikis. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Telnet_gateway] * MediaWiki wikis can handle bigger file uploads. The new limit is 4 GB. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131895] '''Changes this week''' * Wikimedia has a new backup data center in Dallas. Because of planned work on this, you will be able to read but not edit the wikis for a short period of time on both 19 April and 21 April. This will start at 14:00 UTC and last for 15 to 30 minutes. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch_2016] * There is no new Mediawiki version this week. This is because of the data center test. '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=19&month=04&year=2016 April 19 at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is [[phab:T91162|shadow namespaces]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=30&sec=0&day=20&month=04&year=2016 20 April at 21:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/16|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W16"/> 22:40, 18 april 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15522880 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/17|Tech News: 2016-17]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W17"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/17|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' *Wikimedia tested a new data center last week. This meant that the wikis could be read but not edited for 45 minutes on April 19 and for 20 minutes on April 21. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-April/001391.html] *When the data center was tested, new edits were not shown in the recent changes log for 20 minutes. They are in the logs now. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-April/001393.html read more about how to find the edits]. *Unread notifications were sometimes counted incorrectly. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T129726] '''Changes this week''' * Wikimedia Commons will have better access to Wikidata. They can use data from any page on Wikidata on any page on Commons. This will happen on April 26. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:Village_pump&diff=prev&oldid=192993817] * It will be easier to choose if you want to watch files you have uploaded with the upload wizard. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33313] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from April 26. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from April 27. It will be on all wikis from April 28 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.27/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=26&month=04&year=2016 April 26 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The "{{int:savearticle}}" button when you edit will be called "Publish" instead. This is to help new editors understand what it does. It already works like this on some wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131132] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/17|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W17"/> 23:02, 25 april 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15555069 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/18|Tech News: 2016-18]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W18"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/18|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *The visual editor now works when you use Internet Explorer 9. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T133094] '''Problems''' *There was a security problem with the [[mw:Extension:MobileFrontend|MobileFrontend extension]]. It showed information that had been oversighted. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T133700] '''Changes this week''' * You can now see which notifications are available on a wiki on [[Special:DisplayNotificationsConfiguration]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132127] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from May 3. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from May 4. It will be on all wikis from May 5 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is "[[phab:T130528|PSR-6 Cache interface in Mediawiki core]]". The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=04&month=05&year=2016 May 4 at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Pages could be added to new users' watchlists by default when they edit them. New users could also by default get email notifications when pages they watch are edited. This is [[m:Requests for comment/Enable by default some default options for new users|discussed on Meta]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40796] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/18|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W18"/> 22:09, 2 maj 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15574414 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/19|Tech News: 2016-19]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W19"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/19|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Wikiversities now have better access to Wikidata. They can use data from any page on Wikidata on any page on Wikiversity. This happened on May 3. [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Wikidata:Development_plan&diff=326125500&oldid=318553405] * You can use [http://recommend.wmflabs.org/#Recommend Wikipedia GapFinder] to find missing articles between languages. [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2016/04/27/article-recommendation-system/] * Users are invited to try [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications/Cross-wiki|Cross-wiki Notifications]] on all wikis. This is the last test session before the release by default, scheduled for May 12th at 23:00 UTC. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T117669][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T130655] * You can use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Keyboard shortcuts|keyboard shortcuts]] to open the visual editor (''meta''+V) or the wikitext editor (''meta''+E) (on certain wikis, even if you have chosen a favorite editor). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116406] * Uploading files bigger than 100 megabytes on Wikimedia Commons required to opt-in in your preferences. This is not necessary anymore. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131496] * The [[mw:Extension:UploadsLink|UploadsLink]] extension is now available on Wikimedia Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T130018] * Deleting a translation unit page didn't remove the corresponding content from the translation page. This is now solved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T41415] * Translation suggestions based on Apertium are now available on Mediawiki.org. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T133008] '''Problems''' * MediaWiki 1.27.0-wmf.23 has been rolled back from Wikimedia wikis, due to a performance issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T134553] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from May 10. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from May 11. It will be on all wikis from May 12 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=10&month=05&year=2016 May 10 at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topics this week are [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T113034 Overhaul Interwiki map, unify with Sites and WikiMap]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=11&month=05&year=2016 May 11 at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. * 2017 European hackathon will happen [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon 2017|on May 19 - 21, in Vienna]] (Austria). '''Future changes''' * Today, in categories, a page titled "11" comes before "2". We plan to reorder that: "2" will come before "11". Please [[m:Talk:Community Tech/Numerical sorting in categories|tell the developers]] if the change will cause problems. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T8948] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/19|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W19"/> 01:22, 10 maj 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15583892 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/20|Tech News: 2016-20]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W20"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/20|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Some image thumbnails now load faster on mobile. They also take up less bandwidth. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T122242] '''Problems''' *Last week's MediaWiki version was late on some wikis. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-May/085585.html] '''Changes this week''' * [[Special:Notifications]] will have "mark as read" buttons for each day. The non-JavaScript version will get it this week. A JavaScript version will come later. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T134204] *Wikis can now locally decide what wikitext they want the signature button to produce. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T26191] * A one-time welcome message for users will now be shown in the wikitext editor. This will include existing users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T133800] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from May 17. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from May 18. It will be on all wikis from May 19 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topics this week are "[[phab:E184|Requirements for change propagation]]". The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=18&month=05&year=2016 May 18 at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *Using self-closing tags like <code><nowiki><div/></nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki><span/></nowiki></code> to mean <code><nowiki><div></div></nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki><span></span></nowiki></code> will not work in the future. Templates and pages that use these tags should be fixed. When [[phab:T134423|Phabricator ticket T134423]] is fixed these tags will parse as <code><nowiki><div></nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki><span></nowiki></code> instead. This is normal in HTML5. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T134423] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/20|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W20"/> 18:01, 16 maj 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15603218 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/21|Tech News: 2016-21]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W21"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/21|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You now see a [[MediaWiki:Restricted-displaytitle|warning message]] on pages that try to use <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[:mw:DISPLAYTITLE|DISPLAYTITLE]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki> but it doesn't work because it doesn't match the page's actual title. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T28546] '''Problems''' *Commons had problems with server lag. This meant that it took longer time for files to turn up in categories. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T135809] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 24 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 25 May. It will be on all wikis from 26 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=24&month=05&year=2016 May 24 at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> All HTTP access to Wikimedia sites and APIs will stop working. Some bots still use HTTP. They will need to use HTTPS instead. This will happen on June 12. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-May/085618.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/21|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W21"/> 20:40, 23 maj 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15644507 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/22|Tech News: 2016-22]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W22"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/22|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> There is now a standard way to get the target of a redirect page from a Lua module. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T68974] '''Problems''' *A new way to handle rollback was introduced. It broke some tools and scripts and was reverted. This will be re-planned after review. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T88044][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T136375] *[[m:Special:MyLanguage/CentralNotice|CentralNotice]] didn't work in some older browsers. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T136387] '''Changes this week''' * When you edit a file or category page with the visual editor the rest of the page will be shown in its normal place. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T58289] *The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Translate|Translate extension]] will get an edit summary field. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T48924] *A change to the <code><charinsert></code> feature could break some user scripts. Contact [[mw:User_talk:Bawolff|Bawolff]] if the "click to insert special characters" links in the edit window break on your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T11424][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-May/001417.html] * [[w:en:Elasticsearch|Elasticsearch]] will be upgraded on Wikimedia wikis this week. This should not affect you, but if you have problems with the search function this is probably the reason. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T133124] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 31 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 1 June. It will be on all wikis from 2 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=31&month=05&year=2016 31 May at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/22|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W22"/> 18:18, 30 maj 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15661119 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/23|Tech News: 2016-23]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W23"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/23|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[w:en:MathML|MathML]]/[[w:en:Scalable Vector Graphics|SVG]] is now the default <code><nowiki><math></nowiki></code> rendering mode on Wikimedia projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131177][http://mathml-association.org/announcement/2016/05/31/wikipedia.html] '''Changes this week''' *The history page can tell you if a page on your watchlist was updated since you last visited it. This now works the same way in [[mw:Skin:Vector|Vector]] as in other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Skins|skins]]. The change broke local designs on some wikis. This will be fixed this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T134515] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 7 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 8 June. It will be on all wikis from 9 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/23|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W23"/> 22:51, 6 juni 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15679814 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/24|Tech News: 2016-24]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W24"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/24|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Wikimedia wikis now use [[mw:Manual:SessionManager and AuthManager|AuthManager]]. If you have new problems related to logging in or being logged in, [[mw:User talk:Tgr (WMF)|report them]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-June/001426.html] * Visiting [[Special:Notifications]] doesn't automatically mark notifications as read anymore. You can go between read, unread or all notifications on [[Special:Notifications]]. Notifications on [[Special:Notifications]] are grouped by day. You can mark every daily group as read individually. Notifications are displayed by groups of 50 on [[Special:Notifications]] and you can find former notifications by using navigation arrows. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T97057][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T129176][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132738][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T129363] '''Changes this week''' *You can filter user contributions to hide minor edits. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T16086] *It will be easier to edit galleries with the visual editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T45037] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 14 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 15 June. It will be on all wikis from 16 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/24|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W24"/> 20:41, 13 juni 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15693400 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/25|Tech News: 2016-25]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W25"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="bs" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/25|Translations]] are available. '''Nedavne promjene''' * Notifications were not always marked as read when you followed a link from an email notification. This will now happen. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T137488] '''Promjene ove sedmice''' *The list of other languages an article is available in will be shorter on small Wikipedias and non-Wikipedia projects. This is to make it easier to find the most relevant languages for each user. You will still be able to see the other languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T136677][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Universal_Language_Selector/Design/Interlanguage_links] *Alerts (the red badge) will not be automatically marked as read when you open the Notifications popup. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132525] *When you get several thanks you can see them as one notification. This is instead of one notification for each thanks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120152] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 21 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 22 June. It will be on all wikis from 23 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is [[phab:T137946|develop Markdown support strategy for MediaWiki]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=22&month=06&year=2016 22 June at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/25|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W25"/> 21:14, 20 juni 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15707329 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/26|Tech News: 2016-26]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W26"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/26|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Extension:ORES|ORES service]] has now moved to [https://ores.wikimedia.org a new location]. This should make it easier to use ORES. The [[mw:ORES review tool|ORES review service]] is now available as a beta feature on Wikidata and Persian Wikipedia. ORES is an artificial intelligence system for Wikimedia wikis to help editors. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wiki-research-l/2016-June/005220.html] * The order of wikis in collapsed cross-wiki notifications was different than when the list was expanded. This is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138115] *A new category for tracking pages with math errors was added: [[:{{ns:category}}:{{MediaWiki:math-tracking-category-error}}]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T49037] '''Problems''' *The [[m:Etherpad|Wikimedia Etherpad]] crashed on June 23. Some edits done that day have been lost. They can be found at [https://etherpad-restore.wikimedia.org etherpad-restore.wikimedia.org] for another few days. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138516][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20160623-etherpad] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 28 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 29 June. It will be on all wikis from 30 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The way to mark notifications as read or unread will be changed to be more clear. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T126214] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=28&month=06&year=2016 28 June at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The Collaboration team at the Wikimedia Foundation will look at developing better tools for edit review. This is because research suggests we scare away newcomers who want to help. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Edit_Review_Improvements] *An e-mail from the Editing Department explains the technical work that is planned and being researched for the future. Items include better wikitext and visual editing, prompts for edits, language improvements, annotations, and meta-data separation. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/VisualEditor/Roadmap/Update_2016-06-23] * The sorting of Notifications into the two fly-out menus is going to change on July 5 to 7. Bundled notifications should be easier to explore and mark as read individually. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T123018][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T114356][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120153] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> From 29 June git.wikimedia.org (running Gitblit) will redirect all requests to Phabricator. The vast majority of requests should be correctly redirected. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2016-June/000215.html] * Catalan and Polish Wikipedias will have Wikidata descriptions added to articles in the mobile view by default. This is currently a beta option for the mobile versions. This might come to other wikis later. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T135429] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/26|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W26"/> 17:42, 27 juni 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15725931 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/27|Tech News: 2016-27]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W27"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/27|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * A daily email summary of notifications could be sent even when there were no notifications from the wiki. Now no email will be sent if there is no activity. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T137012] '''Changes this week''' * The "{{int:citoid-citefromidtool-title}}" button in the visual editor's toolbar will move into the "{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-insert}}" menu except for Wikipedias, Wikibookses and Wikiversities. This is to make it less prominent on wikis that don't use it as much. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/296573/] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 5 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 6 July. It will be on all wikis from 7 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' *You can take part in the next office hour for Wikidata on IRC on July 8 at 16:00 (UTC). See [[m:IRC office hours|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/27|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W27"/> 21:45, 4 juli 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_delivery&oldid=15742782 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/28|Tech News: 2016-28]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W28"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/28|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * A new image scaler fixed a number of bugs for showing SVG files. Some new problems turned up. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-July/085984.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T112421][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139543] * Notifications are grouped by types. They are now counted by number of notifications and not by unread groups. That change may increase the number of notifications displayed. The earlier way of counting was often incorrect. Unread notifications will also be displayed first. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T114356][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139323][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139521] * [[Special:Notifications]] now has a maximum width for the notifications list on desktop computers. This allows long titles and descriptions to be cut properly. Notifications are now also better parsed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T137425][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138433][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139602] '''Problems''' * On 5 July Wikimedia Commons had problems and could not be edited for 20 minutes. For a short while after that the recent changes log and some gadgets were not working properly. It affected administrative actions on other projects too. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20160705-commons-replication] * Users who have multiple unread notifications can mark them as read by visiting [[Special:Notifications]] page on their wiki. '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 12 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 13 July. It will be on all wikis from 14 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=12&month=07&year=2016 12 July at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/28|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W28"/> 17:14, 11 juli 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15754461 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/29|Tech News: 2016-29]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W29"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/29|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Due to the rollback, [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications/Notifications_types|new sorting]] of Notifications on the Fly-Out Menus has been deployed with a delay. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T123018] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Due to the rollback, the daily [[wikitech:SWAT deploys|special patch deployment process]] has been changed. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2016-July/000232.html] * In notifications, "Messages" are now called "{{int:echo-notification-notice-text-only}}". [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139682] '''Problems''' * On July 12 all wikis were rolled back to MediaWiki 1.28.0-wmf.8 due to a problem in the log-in system. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2016-July/000229.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T119736] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 19 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 20 July. It will be on all wikis from 21 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[Special:Log]] now has a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Log|help link]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140013] * The [[mw:Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] can be tested [http://simple.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures on the beta cluster]. From 22 July, it will be available as a beta feature at: {{int:Project-localized-name-dewiki}}, {{int:Project-localized-name-arwiki}}, {{int:Project-localized-name-hewiki}}. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140232][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140551][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140545] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=19&month=07&year=2016 19 July at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is "Devise plan for a cross-wiki watchlist back-end". The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=20&month=07&year=2016 20 July at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T126641] '''Future changes''' * User scripts and bots can no longer use http:// to edit wiki pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T105794][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-May/085618.html] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[:mw:Gerrit|Gerrit]] is going to be updated. Developers are invited to test it. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2016-July/000236.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/29|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W29"/> 22:18, 18 juli 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/sandbox&oldid=15776464 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/30|Tech News: 2016-30]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W30"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/30|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Maps|Interactive maps]] have been enabled for Meta wiki and the Catalan, Hebrew, and Macedonian Wikipedias. Learn [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|how to add interactive maps]] to wiki pages. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Last week's rollback is now documented. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20160712-EchoCentralAuth/Retrospective] '''Problems''' * Sometimes, the visual editor required saving twice. That problem is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140574] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 26 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 27 July. It will be on all wikis from 28 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). * It is now possible to mark all Notifications as read on [[Special:Notifications]], by clicking on the cog icon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T115528] * Wikipedia search will now detect the language of your search if 2 or fewer results are found. It will then show results from the matching language Wikipedia, if any relevant article exists. It will start to roll out in 5 languages. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-July/086096.html] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=26&month=07&year=2016 26 July at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is "an extension that implements an authenticated key-value store". The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=27&month=07&year=2016 27 July at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/E237] '''Future changes''' * The current icon for Notifications "{{int:Echo-notification-notice-text-only}}" (in English "Notices") will be changed from a bubble-speech icon to a tray icon for consistency. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140900] * [[Special:Notifications]] page code will be changed to be more Mobile friendly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140687] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/30|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W30"/> 21:54, 25 juli 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15785767 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/31|Tech News: 2016-31]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W31"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/31|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * A prototype for [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Structured data|structured data]] on Commons is available now. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons_talk:Structured_data#It.27s_alive.21] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] beta feature can now be tested on mediawiki.org, German Wikipedia, Arabic Wikipedia and Hebrew Wikipedia. '''Problems''' * Renamed users on some wikis were not connected to their account on other wikis between 20 July and 21 July. This has been fixed. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20160721-LocalRenameUserJob] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 2 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 3 August. It will be on all wikis from 4 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=02&month=08&year=2016 2 August at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * The next [[mw:CREDIT showcase|CREDIT showcase]] will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=00&sec=0&day=03&month=08&year=2016 3 August at 18:00 (UTC)]. This is to present and comment on new gadgets, small projects and works in progress. See [[mw:CREDIT showcase#Details|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is "[[phab:T128351|notifications in core]]". The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=03&month=08&year=2016 3 August at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/31|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W31"/> 23:48, 1 august 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15809313 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/32|Tech News: 2016-32]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W32"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/32|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * In notifications, the icon for {{int:echo-notification-notice-text-only}} has been changed from a speech-bubble icon ([[File:Echo chat icon.svg|17px|link=]]) to a tray icon ([[File:OOjs UI icon tray.svg|18px|link=]]) for consistency. The {{int:echo-notification-alert-text-only}} icon has been redesigned too. The colors have been changed for accessibility. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140900] '''Problems''' *If you use the [[mw:Extension:WikEd|wikEd gadget]], changes you made were not kept when you switched from the wikitext editor to the visual editor while you were editing. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T135747] '''Changes this week''' * Wikimedia search will now ignore question marks at the end of the sentences or words you use when you search. Until now the question mark was just a [[w:Wildcard character|wildcard]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T133711] * On Commons, [[mw:Extension:UploadWizard|UploadWizard]] will now be available on mobile, rather than just the old upload form. This should reduce the workload for the community in reviewing images. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T97169] *When you edit with the visual editor a puzzle symbol tells you there is an invisible template in the article. It will now mention the name of the template. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T141861] *The button to read something in another language will move for mobile users. This will happen on 9 August. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T129505] *When someone mentions you and links to your user page you get a notification. You will now get a notification when you mention yourself this way. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138080] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 9 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 10 August. It will be on all wikis from 11 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). * A message on Notifications panel will invite users to try [[Special:Notifications]] page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T141414] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=09&month=08&year=2016 August 9 at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/32|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W32"/> 17:41, 8 august 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15828694 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/33|Tech News: 2016-33]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W33"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/33|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' *Last week Tech News announced you will get a notification when you mention yourself the same way as if someone else had mentioned you. This caused some problems and will happen later instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138080] * Creating and editing links to sections on other pages on the wiki now works again in the visual editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T112898] * For some users, cross-wiki notifications haven't been working properly. The count has been wrong when only cross-wiki notifications were present. The cross-wiki bundle has been showing only the names of wikis and not the actual notifications. This will be fixed soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140836][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140327] '''Changes this week''' * The login session when you choose "Keep me logged in" will [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/"Keep me logged in" extended to one year|now last a year]]. Previously it was 30 days. This will happen on August 16. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T68699] * Some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]] will have to be updated during the week. This is because a bug will be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29987] *In [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector/Compact Language Links|compact language links]], two new kinds of languages will be shown in the shorter language list: Languages that are used in the article's text, and languages where the article has a badge like "featured article" or "good article". [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T70071][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T70077] *The visual editor will be available by default for logged-out editors on Wikipedias that use the Arabic script. It is already default for logged-in editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T142587] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from August 16. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from August 17. It will be on all wikis from August 18 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=16&month=08&year=2016 August 16 at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Starting the week of August 22 there will be three software deployment windows. They will be at 13:00, 18:00, and 23:00 UTC. This is to have more times when software of the wikis can be updated and make it easier for developers in different parts of the world. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2016-August/000266.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/33|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W33"/> 21:37, 15 august 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15842212 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/34|Tech News: 2016-34]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W34"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/34|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ORES review tool|ORES review tool]] is now available on Special:Contributions as a beta feature. It can make it easier to find contributions that are probably damaging the wikis. The ORES review tool is available on Wikidata and Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Dutch, Turkish and Russian Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132371] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The <code>norm</code> and <code>ccnorm</code> functions have been updated to make it easier to write abuse filters. This also affects the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TitleBlacklist|TitleBlacklist]] extension. You don't have to transform "I" and "L" to "1", "O" to "0" and "S" to "5" anymore. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29987#2557227] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The old pageview data in the "pagecounts-raw" and "pagecounts-all-sites" files is no longer being updated. You can find the [https://dumps.wikimedia.org/other/pageviews/ new pageview data here]. This happened on August 5. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/analytics/2016-August/005339.html] '''Problems''' *Some big image files could not be thumbnailed. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T111815] * When you moved a page over a redirect it would delete the redirect without saving it in the logs. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T106119] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 23 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 24 August. It will be on all wikis from 25 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=23&month=08&year=2016 23 August at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Sometimes when you mention another user they don't get a notification. You will be able to get a notification when you successfully sent out a mention to someone or be told if they did not get a notification. This will be opt-in. You can test this on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page test wiki]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139623][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T135717] * How you add text after an edit conflict might work in a different way in the future. You can test [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Edit_Conflicts#Prototype_ready_for_testing the prototype]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139601] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/34|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W34"/> 23:18, 22 august 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15853364 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/35|Tech News: 2016-35]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W35"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/35|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Wikimedia mobile sites now [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Performance/Lazy loading images|don't load images]] if the user doesn't see them. This is to save mobile data and make the pages load faster. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/mobile-l/2016-August/010335.html] * When you edit a table with the visual editor, pressing <code>Tab</code> in the last cell of a row will take you to the first cell in the next row. Pressing <code>Shift</code> and <code>Tab</code> in the first cell of a row will take you to the last cell in the previous row. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T119546] '''Changes this week''' * The name of the "<bdi>{{int:Savearticle}}</bdi>" button will change. The button will say [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Publishpage "<bdi>{{int:Publishpage}}</bdi>"] when you create a new page. It will say [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&namespace=8&message=Publishchanges "<bdi>{{int:Publishchanges}}</bdi>"] when you change an existing page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131132][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 30 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 31 August. It will be on all wikis from 1 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=30&month=08&year=2016 30 August at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is "[[phab:T589|RfC: image and oldimage tables]]". The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=31&month=08&year=2016 31 August at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/35|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W35"/> 17:59, 29 august 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15867259 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/36|Tech News: 2016-36]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W36"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/36|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *Word-level diffs now work in longer paragraphs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T128697] * Interactive maps now have a frame by default. This is to make them look like other multimedia objects. This affects all Wikivoyages, the Catalan, Hebrew, Macedonian Wikipedias and Meta. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T128913] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> When you preview the [[MediaWiki:Captcha-ip-whitelist]] page it will show a validation output of the listed [[:w:en:IP address|IP addresses]] instead of the list of addresses only. This can help you to identify if your whitelist rules will work or not. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T129757] '''Changes this week''' *You will be able to use <code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#<maplink>|<maplink>]]</code> on all Wikipedias. It creates a link to a full screen map. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-August/086391.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T144062] *Sometimes when you mention another user they don't get a notification. You will be able to get a notification when you successfully send out a mention to someone or be told if they did not get a notification. This will be opt-in. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T144181][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T143101] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 6 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 7 September. It will be on all wikis from 8 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=06&month=09&year=2016 6 September at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CheckUser|CheckUser extension]] could work differently in the future. There is a [[mw:Requests for comment/CheckUser requirements|Request for Comments]] to figure out how. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139810] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/36|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W36"/> 19:12, 5 septembar 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15881619 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/37|Tech News: 2016-37]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W37"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/37|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The Wikimedia Commons app for Android can now show nearby places that need photos. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-September/086429.html] *<code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#<maplink>|<nowiki><maplink></nowiki>]]</code> and <code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#<mapframe> usage|<nowiki><mapframe></nowiki>]]</code> can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#GeoShapes external data|use geodata]] from [[:w:en:Open Street Map|Open Street Map]] if Open Street Map has defined a region and given it an ID in Wikidata. You can use this to draw on the map and add information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T134086][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-September/001469.html] '''Changes this week''' * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a beta feature on all wikis from 13 September. This will make it easier to navigate between diffs in the page history. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T143421] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> A new user right will allow most users to change the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|content model]] of pages. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-September/001468.html][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-September/001470.html] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 13 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 14 September. It will be on all wikis from 15 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=13&month=09&year=2016 13 September at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * When you search on the Wikimedia wikis in the future you could see results from sister projects in your language. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-September/001466.html read more and discuss how this could work]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/37|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W37"/> 20:04, 12 septembar 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15900005 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/38|Tech News: 2016-38]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W38"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/38|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' *Last week's MediaWiki update was rolled back because of bugs. Creating new accounts did not work between [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=12&min=50&sec=0&day=16&month=09&year=2016 15 September 19:10 UTC] and [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=12&min=50&sec=0&day=16&month=09&year=2016 16 September 12:50 UTC]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-September/086536.html][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20160915-MediaWiki] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will hopefully be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 20 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 21 September. It will be on all wikis from 22 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). This is the version that was meant to go out last week. '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=20&month=09&year=2016 20 September at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is [[phab:T107595|multi-content revisions]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=21&month=09&year=2016 21 September at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Wikidata will start working on adding support for Wiktionary. The Wikidata development team is now taking one last look at [[wikidata:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wiktionary/Development/Proposals/2015-05|the development plan]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2016-September/009541.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/38|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W38"/> 00:08, 20 septembar 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15921906 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/39|Tech News: 2016-39]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W39"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/39|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * If your wiki wants [[m:Community Tech/Numerical sorting in categories|numerical sorting in categories]] you can request it after a community decision. See [[m:Community Tech/Numerical sorting in categories/How to request|how to request it]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-September/001477.html] * When you edit text and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications/Notifications types#Mentions|mention]] a new username they are notified if you add your signature. Before this only happened under certain conditions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138938] * Users are notified if they are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications/Notifications types#Mentions|mentioned]] in a section where you add your own signature even if you edit more than one section. Before, users were not notified if you edited more than one section in one edit. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T141863] '''Problems''' * The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.19|MediaWiki version]] that was supposed to come to the wikis two weeks ago was put on hold again because of new problems. The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.20|MediaWiki version]] after it is now on all wikis. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-September/086564.html][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-September/086576.html] '''Changes this week''' * There will be no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-September/086563.html] '''Meetings''' * You can join the next office hour with the Wikidata team. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=27&month=09&year=2016 September 27 at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[d:Wikidata:Events#IRC office hours|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Abandoned tools on [[wikitech:Portal:Tool Labs|Tool Labs]] could be taken over by other developers. There is a new [[m:Requests for comment/Abandoned Labs tools|discussion on Meta]] about this. It will be discussed until 12 October and then voted on. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T87730] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/39|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W39"/> 20:07, 26 septembar 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15934983 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/40|Tech News: 2016-40]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W40"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/40|Translations]] are available. '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 4 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 5 October. It will be on all wikis from 6 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=04&month=10&year=2016 4 October at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[w:en:HTML Tidy|Tidy]] will be replaced. Instead the HTML 5 parsing algorithm will be used to clean up bad HTML in wikitext. This [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|would cause problems]] on a number of wikis. They need to be fixed first. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T89331] * <code><nowiki><slippymap></nowiki></code> will not work on Wikivoyage after 24 October. You should use <code><nowiki><mapframe></nowiki></code> instead. If you need help to fix this before 24 October you should [[mw:Talk:Maps|ask for it]] as soon as possible. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T136768] * '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/40|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W40"/> 23:30, 3 oktobar 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15955794 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/41|Tech News: 2016-41]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W41"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/41|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can show [[Special:RecentChanges]] on a page by using <code><nowiki>{{Special:RecentChanges}}</nowiki></code>. You can now use tag filters by using <code><nowiki>{{Special:RecentChanges/tagfilter=tagname}}</nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T142878] * The notification badge is coloured if you have notifications. When you check the notification the badge will now turn grey on all wikis instead of just the local one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T134855] * Colours used in the Wikimedia wikis' main interface changed slightly. This is to make them [http://www.w3.org/TR/UNDERSTANDING-WCAG20/visual-audio-contrast-contrast.html easier to see] for readers and editors with reduced eyesight. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T109915] '''Changes this week''' * Hidden HTML comments will be more visible when you edit with the visual editor. <code><nowiki><!-- You write hidden HTML comments like this. --></nowiki></code> [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T147089] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 11 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 12 October. It will be on all wikis from 13 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=11&month=10&year=2016 11 October at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topics this week is [[phab:T139300|CREDITS files]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=12&month=10&year=2016 12 October at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Language converter syntax will soon no longer work inside external links. Wikitext like <code><nowiki>http://-{zh-cn:foo.com; zh-hk:bar.com; zh-tw:baz.com}-</nowiki></code> must be replaced. You will have to write <code><nowiki>-{zh-cn: http://foo.com ; zh-hk: http://bar.com ; zh-tw:http://baz.com }-</nowiki></code> instead. This only affects languages with Language Converter enabled. Examples of such languages are Chinese and Serbian. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons_talk%3AWikiProject_Templates&type=revision&diff=208221135&oldid=168939481] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/41|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W41"/> 22:29, 10 oktobar 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15976026 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/42|Tech News: 2016-42]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W42"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/42|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Collaboration/Newsletter|new newsletter]] from the [[mw:Collaboration|Collaboration team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation. It will have more details about for example Flow and notifications. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Collaboration/Newsletter/Issues/October 2016|read the first issue]]. '''Problems''' * Some users got a warning about Wikipedia's [[w:en:Public key certificate#Certificates and website security|security certificate]] last week. This was because of a problem [[w:en:GlobalSign|GlobalSign]] had. This has now been fixed. Only a small number of users got the warning. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20161013-GlobalSign] * Editors couldn't edit semi-protected pages in the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android. This has now been fixed in the beta version. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132834] '''Changes this week''' * There will be no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deployments&oldid=898289] '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Editing|Editing Department]] are working on a new wikitext editor. It will have tools that are in the visual editor but not in the wikitext editor today. You can [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|read more about this]]. This is an early plan and things can change. The old wikitext editor will still exist. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/42|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W42"/> 18:42, 17 oktobar 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=15986496 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/43|Tech News: 2016-43]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W43"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/43|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' *The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]] had a problem and caught too many edits. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148673] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from October 25. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from October 26. It will be on all wikis from October 27 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.28/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The "Search" text in the search box will show the name of the project. For example, on Wikipedia it will say "Search Wikipedia". [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T144640] * About a dozen wikis now have [[m:Community Tech/Numerical sorting in categories|numerical sorting in categories]]. If your wiki wants numerical sorting in categories you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech/Numerical sorting in categories/How to request|ask for it]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146675] * Some wikis that want [[m:Community Tech/Numerical sorting in categories|numerical sorting in categories]] can also ask to use [[w:en:Unicode collation algorithm|UCA]] to sort categories. The biggest difference is that characters with [[w:en:Diacritic|diacritics]] will be sorted together. For example, for most languages Ä will be sorted with A instead of at the end of the alphabet. This is not true for languages that have Ä as a character in their alphabet. Wikis that already use UCA are [[m:Collation|listed on Meta]]. Languages that can use UCA [[mw:Manual:$wgCategoryCollation#Language-specific collations|are listed on MediaWiki.org]]. You [https://ssl.icu-project.org/icu-bin/collation.html can test it]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/43|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W43"/> 19:39, 24 oktobar 2016 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16009260 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/44|Tech News: 2016-44]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W44"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/44|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Now you can include Commons video films with [[c:Commons:Video#Subtitles and closed captioning|subtitles]] in your wiki language. Before you could see translated videos on file page at Commons only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T122737] * Search now has [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-searchoptions|an updated preference tab]] to configure the search completion suggester. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148010] * The visual editor is now available on all wikis using only one language script. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T142589] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from November 1^st. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from November 2^nd. It will be on all wikis from November 3^rd ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Now you can use autocomplete for page names in "{{int:Templatesandbox-editform-legend}}" field when editing templates. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148324] * [[Special:NewPages|Special:NewPages]] can now be filtered by page size. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T12817] '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> New MediaWiki deployments will be now based on MediaWiki 1.29. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-October/086859.html] '''Miscellaneous''' * The Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Technical Collaboration Guideline|Technical Collaboration Guideline]] is available for community review. [[mw:Talk:Technical Collaboration Guideline|Any feedback welcome]], in any language. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/44|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W44"/> 17:18, 31 oktobar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16023741 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/45|Tech News: 2016-45]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W45"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/45|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2016/11/02/victoria-coleman-chief-technology-officer/ Victoria Coleman] is the new [[w:en:Chief technology officer|Chief technology officer]] for the Wikimedia Foundation. [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2016/11/02/victoria-coleman-chief-technology-officer/] * First release candidate for MediaWiki 1.28 is now available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/diffusion/MW/browse/REL1_28/RELEASE-NOTES-1.28] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> <span dir="ltr"><code>.gitreview</code></span> for MediaWiki branches and extensions switched from targeting a specific branch to using <code>track=1</code>. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-October/086900.html] * Section numbers in Table of Contents boxes will use grey to improve readability. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T125317] '''Changes this week''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/2016 Community Wishlist Survey|2016 Community Wishlist Survey]] begins on 7 November. * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from November 8th. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from November 9th. It will be on all wikis from November 10th ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[Special:ActiveUsers|Special:ActiveUsers]] will allow users groups selection. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116354] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=00&day=08&month=11&year=2016 8 November 2016 at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topics this week are Image Thumbnail API and allow SVG files uploaded on MediaWiki to have XHTML namespaces. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=09&month=11&year=2016 9 November at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be enabled by default on all beta wikis, on testwiki, testwiki2, mediawikiwiki and de.wikipedia.org. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148646][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T149724][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T149725] * Upcoming holidays will impact deployments. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2016-November/000331.html The schedule has been published]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/45|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W45"/> 00:01, 8 novembar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16043353 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/46|Tech News: 2016-46]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W46"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/46|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *When you edit with the visual editor you can use <code>meta</code> + <code>shift</code> + <code>k</code> to add a reference. The meta key is often the control key or command key. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T99299] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from November 15. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from November 16. It will be on all wikis from November 17 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). *In [[Special:Preferences]] you can choose which language menus and buttons will be in. If there is no translation for that language, MediaWiki has a list of [[mw:Fallback languages|fallback languages]]. A fallback language is a language many will understand better than English. MediaWiki will now use English when there is no Ukrainian translation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T39314] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=15&month=11&year=2016 15 November at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Help:Magic links|Magic links]] might not work in the future. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-November/001500.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/46|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W46"/> 20:17, 14 novembar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16056918 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/47|Tech News: 2016-47]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W47"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/47|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Administrators, bureaucrats, oversighters and checkusers can now use [[w:en:Multi-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]]. This makes their Wikimedia accounts more secure. This can be turned on in [[Special:Preferences]]. There are discussions on how to best turn it on for everyone. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Two-factor_authentication] *You can now search for file properties. For example you can search for media type, how big a file is or what resolution it has. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:CirrusSearch#File_properties_search] *The latest [[m:Collaboration/Newsletter/Issues/2016/11|Collaboration team products newsletter]] has been published. It has more details about their work than Tech News has. '''Problems''' * A hacker group is hacking Wikimedia accounts. They can probably do this because users have the same passwords on Wikimedia wikis as on other sites. Please have a password you use only on the Wikimedia wikis and nowhere else. This is especially important for administrators, bureaucrats, oversighters and checkusers. These users can also turn on [[w:en:Multi-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-November/087008.html] '''Changes this week''' *There is no new MediaWiki version this week. *[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be a default feature on German, Arabic and Hebrew Wikipedia. This will happen on 22 November. It will come to other wikis later. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148646][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T149995][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150573] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=22&month=11&year=2016 22 November at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *It will be possible to do cross-wiki search. The developers who work on this are looking for communities that want to test this. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2016-November/001502.html] *[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features/Hovercards|Hovercards]] will leave the [[w:en:Software release life cycle#Beta|beta stage]]. The Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Team|Reading Web]] team wants communities to set Hovercards as a default option for readers who are not logged in. Communities that are interested can say so on the [[mw:Talk: Beta Features/Hovercards|Hovercards talk page]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-November/087041.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/47|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W47"/> 16:32, 21 novembar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16088076 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/48|Tech News: 2016-48]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W48"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/48|Translations]] are available. '''Changes this week''' *When someone tries to log in to a blocked account they will be blocked by a [[w:en:HTTP cookie|cookie]]. This means their [[w:en:Web browser|browser]] will be blocked even if they change their [[w:en:IP address|IP address]]. This makes it more difficult for returning vandals. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T5233] *When you use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content Translation]] to adapt a template to a new translation it will work differently. You can adapt big templates such as infoboxes. Translators will have control over the template parameters. A first version of this is released this week. It is possible it will not work correctly with all templates. There will be more updates for this soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139332] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 29 November. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 30 November. It will be on all wikis from 1 December ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Gadgets will have a new option called "hidden". This means you can register gadgets that can't be turned on or off from the preferences page. Hiding gadgets was already possible by using <code>[rights=hidden]</code>. You should now use <code>[hidden]</code> instead. <code>[rights=hidden]</code> in old gadgets should be changed to <code>[hidden]</code>. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Gadgets#Options][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33150] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=29&month=11&year=2016 29 November at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[toollabs:|Tool Labs]] could get two new policies. One would be to be able to [[wikitech:Help:Tool Labs/Abandoned tool policy|adopt tools without an active developer]]. The other would be [[wikitech:Help:Tool Labs/Right to fork policy|a right to fork]]. There is a [[m:Requests for comment/Abandoned Labs tools|request for comment on Meta]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/48|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W48"/> 22:16, 28 novembar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16107197 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/49|Tech News: 2016-49]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W49"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/49|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *You can choose to see users from specific user groups in [[Special:ActiveUsers]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116354] *Everyone can now see [[Special:UserRights]]. Previously only those who could change user rights could. Other users got an error message. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T27319] *[[m:Objective Revision Evaluation Service|ORES]] can now show how likely an edit is to be damaging to the wiki with different colours. This only works for languages that have [[m:Wiki labels|trained ORES]] to recognize damaging edits. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T144922] '''Changes this week''' *You will now see categories with 0 pages in [[Special:Categories]]. Previously you did not see empty categories there. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T12915] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 6 December. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 7 December. It will be on all wikis from 8 December ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=06&month=12&year=2016 6 December at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[m:2016 Community Wishlist Survey|2016 Community Wishlist Survey]] will decide what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] team will work on next year. You vote for wishes on the [[m:2016 Community Wishlist Survey|survey page]] until 12 December. You can see what has happened to last year's wishes on the [[m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey/Results|2015 results page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/49|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W49"/> 19:06, 5 decembar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16129460 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/50|Tech News: 2016-50]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W50"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/50|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *Users who have Yahoo email addresses could not use [[Special:EmailUser|Special:EmailUser]] to send emails. This has now been fixed. Emails will now come from a @wikimedia.org address. Users who get an email from you will still reply to your email address and be able to see it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T66795] * You can now see how many categories and pages there are in the categories in [[Special:TrackingCategories|Special:TrackingCategories]]. This is to help you find pages that could need attention. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/321225/] * Markup colours for reviewed and pending revisions in [[m:Help:Page history|the page history]] and [[Special:SpecialPages|recent changes and logs]] now match [[phab:M82|Wikimedia standard colours]]. The "You have a new message on your talk page" notification will have a slightly different colour. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-December/087151.html] '''Problems''' *Because of work on [[m:Community Tech/Cross-wiki watchlist|cross-wiki watchlists]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global rename policy|global renaming]] is not working. The plan is to turn it on again on 16 December. Global renaming was turned off for a while in late November and early December as well. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148242] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 13 December. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 14 December. It will be on all wikis from 15 December ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=13&month=12&year=2016 December 13 at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/50|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W50"/> 20:29, 12 decembar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16155075 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/51|Tech News: 2016-51]] == <section begin="technews-2016-W51"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/51|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * Because of the [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|holidays]] the next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 9 January 2017. * The writers of the technical newsletter are asking for your opinion. Did you get the information you wanted this year? Did we miss important technical news in 2016? What kind of information was too late? [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Please tell us]]! You can write in your language. Thank you! '''Recent changes''' * Administrators and translation administrators can now use [[m:Special:PageLanguage|Special:PageLanguage]] on wikis with the [[m:Translate extension|Translate extension]]. This means you can say what language a page is in. The Translate extension will use that language as the source language when you translate. Previously this was always the wiki's default language. This was usually English. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153209] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Wikis connected to Wikidata can now use the parser function <code><nowiki>{{#statements: }}</nowiki></code> to get formatted data. You can also use <code><nowiki>{{#property: }}</nowiki></code> to get raw data. You [https://de.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Statements can see the difference] between the two statements. There are also similar new functions in Lua. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T152780] '''Problems''' * Some abuse filters for uploaded files have not worked as they should. We don't know exactly which filters didn't work yet. This means some files that filters should have prevented from being uploaded were uploaded to the wikis. MediaWiki.org and Testwiki have been affected since 13 October. Commons and Meta have been affected since 17 October. Other wikis have been affected since 17 November. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153217#2876258] '''Changes this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. There will be no new MediaWiki version next week either. '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The next meeting with the VisualEditor team will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=03&month=01&year=2017 3 January at 20:00 (UTC)]. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/2016 Community Wishlist Survey|2016 Community Wishlist Survey]] is done. It decides what the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on during 2017. You can [[m:2016 Community Wishlist Survey/Results|see the results]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2016/51|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2016-W51"/> 21:33, 19 decembar 2016 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16167800 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/02|Tech News: 2017-02]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W02"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/02|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tabular Data|datasets on Commons]]. You can [[w:en:Template:Graph:Weather monthly history|see an example]] that is using [[c:Data:Ncei.noaa.gov/weather/New York City.tab|this source]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2016-December/087313.html] * There is a new opt-in beta feature of a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|wikitext mode for the visual editor]]. You can [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|try it out]]. * When you update a page with translations on wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Translate|Translate extension]] the existing translations will be marked as outdated instead of removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T60429] * The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki was released to all wikis last week ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[mw:MoodBar|MoodBar]] has been removed from the Wikimedia wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131340] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]] The <code>live</code> option for the Tipsy notice tool has been removed. Gadgets and user scripts which use it need to be updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T85048] '''Problems''' * Editors who use Firefox 50 might get logged out or fail to save their edits. This is because of a browser bug. Until this is fixed you can enter <code>about:config</code> in the address bar and set <code>network.cookie.maxPerHost</code> to 5000. Firefox 50 is the current version of the Firefox. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T151770] '''Changes this week''' * There is no new version of MediaWiki this week because of the [[mw:Wikimedia Developer Summit|Wikimedia Developer Summit]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/02|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W02"/> 20:12, 9 januar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16213513 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/03|Tech News: 2017-03]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W03"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/03|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now upload [[w:en:WebP|WebP files]] to Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T27397] '''Problems''' * [https://tools.wmflabs.org/video2commons/ video2commons] was down for two weeks. This was because of a problem with Commons video transcoders. It is now back up. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153488] '''Changes this week''' *There is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words|magic word]] called <code><nowiki>{{PAGELANGUAGE}}</nowiki></code>. It returns the language of the page you are at. This can be used on wikis with more than one language to make it easier for translators. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T59603] *When an admin blocks a user or deletes or protects a page they give a reason why. They can now get suggestions when they write. The suggestions will be based on the messages in the dropdown menu. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T34950] * You will be able to use <code><nowiki><chem></nowiki></code> to write chemical formulas. Before you could use <code><nowiki><ce></nowiki></code>. <code><nowiki><ce></nowiki></code> should be replaced by <code><nowiki><chem></nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153606] * You now can add exceptions for categories which shouldn't be shown on [[Special:UncategorizedCategories]]. The list is at [[MediaWiki:Uncategorized-categories-exceptionlist]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T126117] * The "Columns" and "Rows" settings will be removed from the Editing tab in Preferences. If you wish to keep what the "Rows" setting did you can add this code to [[Special:MyPage/common.css|your personal CSS]]: <code><nowiki>#wpTextbox1 { height: 50em; }</nowiki></code> You can change the number <code>50</code> to make it look like you want to. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T26430] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Sometimes edits in MediaWiki by mistake are shown coming from private IP addresses such as [[w:en:localhost|127.0.0.1]]. Edits and other contributions logged to these IP addresses will be blocked and shown the reason from [[MediaWiki:Softblockrangesreason]]. This should not affect most users. Bots and other tools running on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Labs|Wikimedia Labs]], including [[wikitech:Portal:Tool Labs|Tool Labs]] will receive a "blocked" error if they try to edit without being logged in. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T154698] *When you edit with the visual editor categories will be on the top of the page options menu. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T74399] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 January. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 January. It will be on all wikis from 19 January ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=17&month=01&year=2017 January 17 at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/03|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W03"/> 00:24, 17 januar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16230728 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/04|Tech News: 2017-04]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W04"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/04|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can see a list of the templates on a page you edit with the visual editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T149009] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 24 January. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 25 January. It will be on all wikis from 26 January ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/04|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W04"/> 21:14, 23 januar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16249712 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/05|Tech News: 2017-05]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W05"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/05|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:OAuth|OAuth]] management interfaces now look slightly different. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T96154] '''Changes this week''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ElectronPdfService|ElectronPdfService]] will be enabled by default on Meta and German Wikipedia. This is a new way to get articles as PDF files you can download. It will come to more wikis later. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150185] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from January 31. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from February 1. It will be on all wikis from February 2 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' *The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech team|Community Tech team]] will develop more tools to handle harassment of Wikimedia editors. The goal is to give the communities better tools to find, report and evaluate harassment. They will also work on more effective blocking tools. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_health_initiative][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2017-January/086013.html] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The Wikimedia technical community is doing a [[mw:Developer Wishlist|Developer Wishlist survey]]. Developers can propose ideas before 31 January [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170131T235959&p1=1440 23:59 UTC]. This is soon. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/05|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W05"/> 19:45, 30 januar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16270007 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/06|Tech News: 2017-06]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W06"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/06|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * The block log sometimes showed blocks as being much longer than they were. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T156453] '''Changes this week''' * Wikimedia pages will now be better at showing pictures when you share them on social media. The descriptions will be different too. You can see an example of [[phab:F5432146|before]] and [[phab:F5432049|after]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T157055] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> There are some changes to the [[mw:OOjs UI|OOjs UI]]. Some old functions will not work anymore or not work as they used to. This could be a breaking change. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-February/087547.html] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 7 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 8 February. It will be on all wikis from 9 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=07&month=02&year=2017 7 February at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[w:en:HTML Tidy|Tidy]] will be replaced later this year. Instead, the HTML 5 parsing algorithm will be used to clean up bad HTML in wikitext. This [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|will cause problems]] on a number of wikis. They need to be fixed first. You can see if your wiki still has something to fix [https://tools.wmflabs.org/wikitext-deprecation/ here] for one of the HTML problems. This list does not cover all problems. You can read about [[mw: Parsing/Replacing Tidy#Things to fix|more problems]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T89331][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T134423] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/06|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W06"/> 20:45, 6 februar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16292356 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/07|Tech News: 2017-07]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W07"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/07|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[wikitech:EventStreams|EventStreams]] is a new way to show activity on Wikimedia wikis. For now it works with the recent changes feed. It will do more things later. It will replace [[wikitech:RCStream|RCStream]]. Tools that use RCStream should move to EventStreams before 7 July. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/analytics/2017-February/005711.html] '''Problems''' * The [[w:en:Add-on (Mozilla)|Firefox add-on]] [https://firefogg.org/ Firefogg] can cause problems with the Upload Wizard. This will not be fixed, because Firefox will not support Firefogg in the future. The Upload Wizard will no longer work with Firefogg. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T157201] * [[wikitech:Portal:Tool Labs|Tool Labs]] and [[wikitech:Portal:Wikimedia Labs|Wikimedia Labs]] databases will be under maintenance on 15 February. This will start at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=17&min=00&sec=0&day=15&month=02&year=2017 17:00 (UTC)] and last for about six hours. Some tools could have problems during or after this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T157358] '''Changes this week''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TwoColConflict|TwoColConflict]] extension is a new way to solve edit conflicts. It makes it easier to copy and paste the relevant text to the text field. It will come to Meta and German Wikipedia this week. It is already available on MediaWiki.org. It will come to more wikis later. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Edit_Conflicts] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 14 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 15 February. It will be on all wikis from 16 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=14&month=02&year=2017 14 February at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards|Page Previews]] will be turned on for logged-out users on the Catalan, Greek, Russian, and Italian Wikipedias in the middle of February. Page Previews shows readers a short part of a linked article when they rest their mouse pointer on the link. This is to help them understand what it is about without leaving the article they are reading. Page Previews used to be called Hovercards. It will come to more wikis later this spring. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Beta_Features/Hovercards#Rollout_Plan] *<span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:Developer Wishlist|Developer Wishlist]] is a list where developers prioritize tools they need. The voting closes at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=23&min=59&sec=0&day=14&month=02&year=2017 14 February 23:59 (UTC)]. This process is only for developers. '''Review''' * You can read the [[mw:Wikimedia Product/2016 Product Summary|2016 product summary]] from the Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Wikimedia Product|Product group]] to see what they did with things they said they would work on in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2016-2017/Final|annual plan]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/07|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W07"/> 19:06, 13 februar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16298673 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/08|Tech News: 2017-08]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W08"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/08|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *The edit summary box is now a little bit bigger. This is to make it follow the [[phab:M101|Wikimedia design guide]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T152025] '''Changes this week''' * [[mw:Page Previews|Page Previews]] will be updated on 23 February. This fixes many bugs. Page Previews can be turned on as the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] called Hovercards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T156290] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> There has been a problem where the [[w:en:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] of [[w:en:Wikipedia:Gadget|gadgets]] has been loading twice. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets extension]] has two new options: <code>type</code> and <code>peers</code>. The <code>type</code> option solves this problem. You can use <code>peers</code> to create gadgets with more than one style module. Read more about [[mw:RL/MGU#Gadget type|type]] and [[mw:RL/MGU#Gadget peers|peers]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T42284] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:OAuth|OAuth]] will handle blocked users in a more consistent way. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T156803] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 21 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 22 February. It will be on all wikis from 23 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=14&month=02&year=2017 21 February at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/08|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W08"/> 20:25, 20 februar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16341672 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/09|Tech News: 2017-09]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W09"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/09|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' *On 22 February the [https://www.wikipedia.org wikipedia.org] portal did not work for an hour. This was because of a problem with a JavaScript file. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20170222-www-portals] '''Changes this week''' *You will be able to use <code><nowiki><chem></nowiki></code> to write chemical formulas in the visual editor. Previously this only worked in the wikitext editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153365] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 28 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 1 March. It will be on all wikis from 2 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=28&month=02&year=2017 28 February at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *You can soon upload 3D files to Commons. The file formats are [[w:Additive Manufacturing File Format|AMF]] and [[w:STL (file format)|STL]]. The plan is for this to work later this week but it could be later. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132058] *The name "Wikipedia" will be more obvious at the top of the page when you read Wikipedia in the mobile view. This is because many readers don't realize they are on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148514][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Reading/Web/Projects/Improve_site_branding] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/09|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W09"/> 20:55, 27 februar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16361695 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/10|Tech News: 2017-10]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W10"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/10|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now search on English, French, Hebrew and Greek wikis and find words even if you forget the [[w:diacritics|diacritics]]. It also works if you use diacritics in your search but the wiki doesn't. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T155515] *When you use the mobile view and click on a link to an article in another language you will see that article in the mobile view. Previously it changed to the desktop view. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T156578] '''Problems''' * Some watchlist gadgets didn't work for a period of time last week. This has now been fixed. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-March/date.html] * Admins who click on "mass delete" on a user's [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] will be taken directly to a list pages created by that user. It has worked like this before, but not lately. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T158502] '''Changes this week''' *The way you switch between wikitext and the visual editors in the desktop view has changed. It is now a drop-down menu. This is the same as in the mobile view. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116417] *The "flag the edit in the abuse log" checkbox will be removed from the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filter]] interface. This is because the edits are always flagged in the abuse log. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T154091] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 7 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 8 March. It will be on all wikis from 9 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=20&min=00&sec=0&day=07&month=03&year=2017 7 March at 20:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Clarification''' *The [[m:Tech/News/2017/09|2017/09 issue of Tech News]] mentioned 3D file formats you can soon upload to Commons. The [[w:Additive Manufacturing File Format|AMF]] format will be available later. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/10|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W10"/> 00:23, 7 mart 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16379261 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/11|Tech News: 2017-11]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W11"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/11|Translations]] are available. '''Changes this week''' * You will be able to show references from <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code> tags in more than one column on your wiki. This is the list of footnotes for the sources in the article. How many columns you see will depend on how big your screen is. On some wikis, some templates already do this. Templates that use <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code> tags will need to be updated, and then later the change can happen for all reference lists. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Editing/Projects/Columns_for_references][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33597#3082884] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 14 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 15 March. It will be on all wikis from 16 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=14&month=03&year=2017 14 March at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *Some old [[w:en:Web browser|web browsers]] will not be able to use [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] on Wikimedia wikis in the future. If you have an old web browser on your computer you can upgrade to a newer version. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T128115] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[w:en:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] in templates will be stored in a separate page in the future. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Topic:Tl7vrw6suzkxxoy9][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TemplateStyles/Q%26A] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/11|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W11"/> 16:25, 13 mart 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16416593 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/12|Tech News: 2017-12]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W12"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/12|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The <code>Save page</code> button now says <code>Publish page</code> or <code>Publish changes</code> on the Wikimedia wikis except for Wikipedias and Wikinewses. This change will come to Wikipedias later. The point is to make it more clear that the edit will change the page immediately. <code>Publish page</code> is when you save a new page and <code>Publish changes</code> when you edit an existing page. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Editing/Publish] * [[w:en:DMOZ|DMOZ]] no longer works. Templates that use DMOZ can be redirected to [[w:en:Wayback Machine|archive.org]] or another [[:w:en:Website#mirror site|mirror]]. DMOZ has been removed from the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RelatedSites|RelatedSites extension]] on Wikivoyage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T128326] * You can see monthly page views when you click on <code>Page information</code> in the sidebar. Developers can also get monthly page views through the API. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T125917] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Linter|Linter extension]] is now on [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=small.dblist smaller Wikimedia wikis]. It helps editors find some wikitext errors so they can be fixed. It will come to other Wikimedia wikis later. The extension will be able to find more errors later. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148609] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki-Vagrant|MediaWiki-Vagrant]] portable development environment has been updated to use [[:w:en:Debian version history#Debian 8 (Jessie)|Debian Jessie]]. This means local development and testing will be more like on the majority of Wikimedia production servers. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-March/087762.html] '''Problems''' * On 15 March some interwiki links to other languages were not correctly sorted. This has been fixed. If you still see pages where the interwiki links are not sorted as they should be, they should be fixed automatically with time or you can edit the page and save it without changing anything. If this doesn't work, please [[phab:T160465|report it]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T160465] '''Changes this week''' * When you edit with the visual editor, you will be able to switch the direction you write in from right-to-left to left-to-right as you are editing. This is especially important for editors who edit in languages that write from right to left. You can do this with a tool in the editing menu. You can also use the keyboard shortcut <code>Ctrl</code>+<code>Shift</code>+<code>X</code> on PCs or <code>Cmd</code>+<code>Shift</code>+<code>X</code> on Macs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153356] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 21 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 22 March. It will be on all wikis from 23 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=21&month=03&year=2017 21 March at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/12|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W12"/> 23:03, 20 mart 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16469530 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/13|Tech News: 2017-13]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W13"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/13|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * When you edit with the visual editor, you can see a visual diff as well as a wikitext diff when you review your changes. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/VisualEditor/Diffs] '''Problems''' * Special:AllPages was disabled for two days due to some performance issues. It is back, but the filter for redirects is gone as the cause of the performance problem. It still needs to be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T160916][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T160983] '''Changes this week''' * [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_Review_Improvements/New_filters_for_edit_review|New filters for Recent changes]] will be released on Portuguese and Polish Wikipedias and MediaWikiwiki [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T158336 on March 28]. Other wikis will get it [[phab:T146972|progressively]]. The new filters include [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Filtering|filtering]], [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Highlighting function|highlighting]] and, on certain wikis, [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Quality and Intent Filters|user intent prediction]]. * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from March 28. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from March 29. It will be on all wikis from March 30 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/13|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W13"/> 16:46, 27 mart 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16496319 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/14|Tech News: 2017-14]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W14"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/14|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The <code>{{int:savearticle}}</code> button now says <code>{{int:Publishpage}}</code> or <code>{{int:Publishchanges}}</code> on most Wikipedias. The point is to make it more clear that the edit will change the page immediately. <code>{{int:Publishpage}}</code> is when you save a new page and <code>{{int:Publishchanges}}</code> when you edit an existing page. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Editing/Publish] * The tracking category [[:{{ns:14}}:{{MediaWiki:Template-loop-category}}]] is now added when a template loop is found. A template loop is for example when a template tries to use a second template that uses the first template. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T160743] *English Wikipedia now has cookie blocks. It will come to more wikis in the future. This is an extension to the autoblock system so when a user is blocked, the next time they visit the wiki a [[w:en: HTTP cookie|cookie]] will be set. This means that even if the user switches accounts and to a new [[w:en:IP address|IP address]] the cookie will block them again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T5233] '''Problems''' * Wikidata descriptions, aliases and labels that used some characters could not be saved. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T161263] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 4 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 5 April. It will be on all wikis from 6 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=14&month=03&year=2017 4 April at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * You can join the next office hour with the Wikidata team. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=05&month=04&year=2017 5 April at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[d:Wikidata:Events#IRC office hours|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_Review_Improvements/New_filters_for_edit_review|New filters for Recent changes]] will come to Wikidata and Persian, Dutch, Russian, Turkish, Czech and Hebrew Wikipedia on 11 April. The new filters include [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Filtering|filtering]], [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Highlighting function|highlighting]] and [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Quality and Intent Filters|user intent prediction]]. User intent prediction means the filter tries to help editors determine if the edit was made in good faith or not. Other wikis [[phab:T146972|will get it later]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T158332] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/14|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W14"/> 19:53, 3 april 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16526368 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/15|Tech News: 2017-15]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W15"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/15|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[w:en:HTML Tidy|Tidy]] is going to be replaced with an HTML5 parsing algorithm. Bad HTML in wikitext [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|would cause problems]] on a number of wikis. There is now a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration extension]] on all wikis that you can use to help clean this up. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsing/Replacing Tidy#What this means for editors|read more about how you can use it]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T141586] '''Changes this week''' * Some older [[w:en:Web browser|web browsers]] will not be able to use [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] on Wikimedia wikis from this week. If you have an old web browser on your computer you can upgrade to a newer version. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T128115] * [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_Review_Improvements/New_filters_for_edit_review|New filters for Recent changes]] will come to Wikidata and Persian, Russian, Turkish and French Wikipedia on 11 April. The schedule has been changed to fix the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Quality and Intent Filters|user intent prediction filters]] for some wikis. User intent prediction means the filter tries to make it easier for editors to determine if the edit was made in good faith or not. Other wikis [[phab:T146972|will get it later]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T158332] * The list of special characters in the wikitext editor and the visual editor will now have a group of Canadian Aboriginal characters. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108626] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 11 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 12 April. It will be on all wikis from 13 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=11&month=04&year=2017 11 April at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Because of a data centre test you will be able to read but not edit the wikis for 20 to 30 minutes on 19 April and 3 May. This will start at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=14&min=00&sec=0&day=19&month=04&year=2017 14:00 (UTC)]. You might lose edits if you try to save during this time. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2017|You can read more about this]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will change how you move between revisions. This will be available on [[testwiki:Main Page|the test wiki]] from 11 April. It will come to other wikis later if users like the change. You can test it and [[mw: Extension talk:RevisionSlider|give feedback]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/15|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W15"/> 20:34, 10 april 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16563313 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/16|Tech News: 2017-16]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W16"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/16|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can add <code>?safemode=1</code> to the end of the URL on Wikimedia wikis to disable your personal [[w:en:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] and [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]]. Example: <code><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literature?safemode=1</nowiki></code>. This means you can test if a problem is because of your user scripts or gadgets without uninstalling them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T152169] * You can now see a list of all autoblocks on [[Special:AutoblockList]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146414] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The Wikiversity and Wikinews logos are now shown directly from the configuration and not from <code><nowiki>[[File:Wiki.png]]</nowiki></code>. If you want to change logo or have an anniversary logo, see [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|how to request a configuration change]]. This is how it already works for other projects. They can request logo changes the same way. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T161980] '''Problems''' * Because of a data centre test you will be able to read but not edit the wikis for 20 to 30 minutes on 19 April. This will start at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=14&min=00&sec=0&day=19&month=04&year=2017 14:00 (UTC)]. You might lose edits if you try to save during this time. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2017|You can read more about this]]. This will also happen on 3 May. '''Changes this week''' * There is no new Mediawiki version this week. This is because of the data centre test. '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=18&month=04&year=2017 {{#time:j xg|2017-04-18|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [http://stats.wikimedia.org stats.wikimedia.org] will be replaced. You can [https://analytics-prototype.wmflabs.org/#/ see the new prototype]. You can [[mw:Talk:Wikistats 2.0 Design Project/RequestforFeedback/Round2|leave feedback on this change]]. * [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards|Page Previews]] will be turned on for logged-out users on a large number of wikis in May. It could be postponed and happen later. Page Previews shows readers a short part of a linked article when they rest their mouse pointer on the link. This is to help them understand what it is about without leaving the article they are reading. Page Previews used to be called Hovercards. Users who have tested the feature [[mw:Talk:Beta Features/Hovercards|can give feedback]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Enable_Hovercards/Phase_1] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> From next week, user scripts using very old [[w:en:Deprecation#Software deprecation|deprecated]] wikibits functions will show errors. These functions have not worked since 2013. You should fix or disable broken scripts. You can see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Legacy JavaScript#wikibits.js|examples of how to upgrade scripts]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-April/087965.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T122755] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/16|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W16"/> 21:32, 17 april 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16608022 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/17|Tech News: 2017-17]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W17"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/17|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_Review_Improvements/New_filters_for_edit_review|New filters for recent changes]] are now available as a beta feature on most wikis. You can [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|turn it on in your preferences]]. Remaining wikis will have the new filters on 9 May. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T158335] *When [[m:Administrator|administrators]], [[m:bureaucrat|bureaucrats]] and [[m:stewards|stewards]] make a user a member of a user group they can now set an expiry date. A user group is for example "administrators" or "bots". This means that they can give someone user rights for a limited time. This is similar to how blocks and page protections can be limited in time. [[Special:UserRights|Special:UserRights]] will have new options for this. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:User rights and groups#Assigning and revoking user groups|read more about user groups.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T159416] '''Problems''' *Since the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2017|data centre test]] last week the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|content translation tool]] has been disabled. This is because of a database problem. It will be back as soon as the problem has been solved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T163344] '''Changes this week''' *The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|GuidedTour extension]] will be enabled on all wikis. This is a tool to explain to new users how to edit. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T152827] *Wiktionary will handle interlanguage links in a new way. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Cognate|Cognate extension]] will automatically link pages with the same title between Wiktionaries. For this to work all old interlanguage links have to be removed. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)/Cognate announcement|read more about this]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/Cognate_announcement] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 25 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 26 April. It will be on all wikis from 27 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=25&month=04&year=2017 25 April at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/17|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W17"/> 18:40, 24 april 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16627468 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/18|Tech News: 2017-18]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W18"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="bs" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Najnovije '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tehničke vijesti]]''' Wikimedijine tehničke zajednice. Recite drugima o ovim izmjenama. Neće sve izmjene utjecati na Vas. Dostupni su [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/18|prijevodi]]. '''Nedavne izmjene''' *[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Prijevod sadržaja]] ponovo radi. Bio je isključen zbog problema s bazom podataka. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T163344] * <span title="Napredna stavka">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Skripte koje koriste [[w:en:Deprecation#Software deprecation|zastarjele]] wikibitsove funkcije prikazuju greške. Ove funkcije ne rade još od 2013. Trebali biste popraviti ili onemogućiti pokvarene skripte. Možete pogledati [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Legacy JavaScript#wikibits.js|primjere kako ih nadograditi]]. Ovo je ista stvar koja je spomenuta u ranijem izdanju tehničkih vijesti ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/16|2017/16]]). [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-April/087965.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T122755] '''Problemi''' * Zbog testiranja podatkovnog centra, moći ćete čitati, ali nećete moći uređivati wikije 3. maja u periodu od 20 do 30 minuta. Testiranje će započeti u [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=14&min=00&sec=0&day=03&month=05&year=2017 14:00 (UTC)]. Mogli biste izgubiti izmjene ako ih pokušate sačuvati tokom tog perioda. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2017|Možete detaljnije pročitati o ovome]]. '''Izmjene ove sedmice''' * Ove sedmice nema izmjena u vezi s MediaWikijem zbog testiranja podatkovnog centra. '''Sastanci''' * <span title="Povratna stavka">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> Možete se pridružiti narednom sastanku s ekipom odgovornom za vizualni uređivač. Tokom sastanka, programerima možete dati do znanja koje su greške po Vama najvažnije. Sastanak će se održati [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=02&month=05&year=2017 {{#time:j xg|2017-05-02|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} u 19:00 (UTC)]. Pogledajte [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|kako se pridružiti]]. '''Buduće izmjene''' *Svi Wikimedijini wikiji imat će blokiranje uz pomoć kolačića od 8. maja. Ovo je proširenje sistemu automatskog blokiranja koje funkcionira tako što postavlja [[w:en: HTTP cookie|kolačić]] kad neko posjeti wiki nakon što je blokiran. To znači da, čak i ako blokirani korisnik promijeni račun ili [[w:en:IP address|IP-adresu]], kolačić će ga ponovo blokirati. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T5233] *Dugmad <code>{{int:Publishchanges}}</code>, <code>{{int:Showpreview}}</code> i <code>{{int:Showdiff}}</code> izgledat će malo drukčije da se uklope s izgledom [[:mw:OOjs UI|OOUI]]-a. Korisnici mogu testirati rade li skripte, dodaci i dr. s novim interfejsom tako što će dodati <code>&ooui=1</code> na kraj URL-a. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T162849] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tehničke vijesti]]''' priredili su [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|pisci]], a objavio ih je [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Doprinesite]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/18|Prevedite]] • [[m:Tech|Potražite pomoć]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Dajte povratne informacije]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Pretplatite se ili otkažite pretplatu]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W18"/> 21:49, 1 maj 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16654620 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/19|Tech News: 2017-19]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W19"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/19|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Some users have a problem with the watchlist. Some changes in categories make the watchlist a blank page. The developers are working on this. Until this is fixed you can try some things that have helped other editors if you have this problem. You can turn on <code>{{int:tog-watchlisthidecategorization}}</code> in your watchlist preferences. You can turn off <code>{{int:tog-extendwatchlist}}</code> in your watchlist preferences. You can remove problematic categories from [[Special:EditWatchlist/raw|Special:EditWatchlist/raw]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T164059] * There was a problem with the visual editor for several days. You could not save edits that triggered a [[w:en:CAPTCHA|CAPTCHA]]. This would for example be when a new user added external links in references. This was fixed on 2 May. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T164157] '''Changes this week''' * When you edit you can switch between the visual editor and the wikitext editor. This works if the wiki you edit has the visual editor. The menu will now say <code>Visual editing</code> and <code>Source editing</code> instead of <code>Switch to visual editing</code> and <code>Switch to code editing</code>. This is because it was confusing when the menu said you could switch to the editor you were already using. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T162864] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 9 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 10 May. It will be on all wikis from 11 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.29/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=09&month=05&year=2017 9 May at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * You will be able to get a notification when a page you created is connected to a Wikidata item. This will come to Wikivoyage on 9 May. If there are no problems it will come to most Wikipedias on 30 May. It will come to other projects and English, French and German Wikipedia later in the summer. It will be opt-in for existing users and opt-out for new users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T142102][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T142103#3223284] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Markup that looks like code for language variants might need to be fixed. If <code>-{</code> is used in [[w:en:Transclusion|transclusions]] or [[w:en:URL|web addresses]] it has to be [[w:en:Escape character|escaped]] appropriately. You can use <code>-<nowiki><nowiki/></nowiki>{</code> for transclusions and <code>%2D{</code> in web addresses. A transclusion could for example be when you use <code>-{</code> in a template: <code><nowiki>{{1x| sad :-{ face }}</nowiki></code>. This is because of some code fixes to the [[w:en:Preprocessor|preprocessor]] and affects all wikis. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/333997/][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsoid/Language_conversion/Preprocessor_fixups] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/19|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W19"/> 04:24, 9 maj 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16713536 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/20|Tech News: 2017-20]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W20"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/20|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *You can now use [[w:en:International Standard Book Number|ISBNs]] to automatically generate citations in the visual editor. This works on wikis that have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|enabled Citoid]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145462] *The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two_Column_Edit_Conflict_View|Two Column Edit Conflict View]] is available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] on all wikis. It is a new interface for the edit conflict resolution page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T162806] '''Problems''' *The <code>mediawiki.util</code> library does not load automatically any more. Your [[Special:MyPage/common.js]] may use it. If you have technical problems that started a couple of weeks ago you can try adding <syntaxhighlight lang="js" inline class=nowrap>mw.loader.using( 'mediawiki.util' ).done(function(){</syntaxhighlight> as the first line in the file and <syntaxhighlight lang="js" inline class=nowrap>});</syntaxhighlight> as a last one. Tech News wrote about this in the [[m:Tech/News/2017/18|2017/18]] issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T122755] '''Changes this week''' *The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider extension]] will be a default feature on all wikis. RevisionSlider is an easier way to move between changes in the page history. It has been a default feature on German, Arabic and Hebrew Wikipedia and a beta feature on all wikis. You will be able to turn it off in your preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T163685] *There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' *Administrators will soon be able to search through deleted pages. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/User:Smalyshev_(WMF)/Archive_search][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/2015_Community_Wishlist_Survey/Search#Provide_a_means_of_searching_for_deleted_pages] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Markup that looks like code for language variants might need to be fixed. Tech News wrote about this last week. If <code>-{</code> is used in [[w:en:Transclusion|transclusions]] or [[w:en:URL|web addresses]] it has to be [[w:en:Escape character|escaped]] appropriately. You can use <code>-<nowiki><nowiki/></nowiki>{</code> for transclusions and <code>%2D{</code> in web addresses. This is because of some code fixes to the [[w:en:Preprocessor|preprocessor]] and affects all wikis. You can now see [[mw: Parsoid/Language conversion/Preprocessor fixups/20170501|the full list of wikis with this problem]] and help fix them to avoid that things break later this month. You might find [[w:en:False positives and false negatives|false positives]]. You can [[mw: Parsoid/Language conversion/Preprocessor fixups/Edit logbook#Edit Rules|read more about what to fix]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/333997/][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsoid/Language_conversion/Preprocessor_fixups] '''Older unreported changes''' *Your [[m:Special:MyPage|Meta user page]] is shown on all wikis where you don't have a local user page. You can now add the magic word <code><nowiki>__NOGLOBAL__</nowiki></code> to your Meta user page to stop this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T90849][https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Magic_words&diff=2462141&oldid=2425686] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/20|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W20"/> 23:48, 15 maj 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16757592 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/21|Tech News: 2017-21]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W21"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/21|Translations]] are available. '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 23 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 24 May. It will be on all wikis from 25 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> There will be a <code><nowiki><div></nowiki></code> tag around HTML from the MediaWiki wikitext [[w:en:Parsing|parser]]. Gadgets with code that does not follow recommendations could have problems with this. You can [[phab:T163512|report new problems]] you think are related to this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T37247] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/21|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W21"/> 00:02, 23 maj 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16793800 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/22|Tech News: 2017-22]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W22"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/22|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' *Last week’s MediaWiki version was rolled back from some wikis because of a problem. This means planned changes did not happen. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T163512] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=30&month=05&year=2017 30 May at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *You will be able to control who can notify you on the Wikimedia wikis. You will have a user blacklist. When you add a user to the blacklist you will not get a [[mw:Notifications|notification]] when they mention you. You can [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-echo test this on Beta Wikipedia]. You can [[m: Community health initiative/Notifications blacklist|read more and give feedback on Meta]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150419] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/22|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W22"/> 14:18, 30 maj 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16821223 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/23|Tech News: 2017-23]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W23"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/23|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can see new files on [[Special:NewFiles|Special:NewFiles]]. You can now pick which dates you want to see files from. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T13836] * When you read Wikipedia on a mobile device the first paragraph now comes before the infobox. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150325] * You can now remove navigation elements from your results when you search. This could for example be part of an infobox that is only there to help you find the previous or next article. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T162905] * New users on Wikivoyages and Wikipedias (except French, English and German) now get a notification when a page they created is connected to Wikidata. Other wikis will get it 13 June. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T142102] '''Problems''' * The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.2|MediaWiki version]] from two weeks ago was rolled back. It was fixed late last week. Changes that were planned to go out last week did not happen. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T165957] '''Changes this week''' * Wikimedia wikis can show fewer links to articles in other languages. This is to make it easier to find the languages likely to be useful to the reader or editor. Everyone can still click to see the full list. Logged-in users who use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector/Compact Language Links|compact language links]] will see languages they have in their [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Babel|Babel box]] on their user page in the first, shorter list. You can turn the compact language list off or on in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T135371] * You can choose what dates to look at when you look at a user's contributions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120733] * When you click on your watchlist in the mobile view you get a list of all pages in the watchlist instead of the latest changes to them. Logged-in users with at least ten edits will now get the latest changes instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T88270] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 6 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 7 June. It will be on all wikis from 8 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> String comparisons in Scribunto modules are now always done case-insensitively by byte order. Before they were sometimes in a case-sensitive US-English collation order. This could break some modules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T107128] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the VisualEditor team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=06&month=06&year=2017 6 June at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Editor|2006 wikitext editor]] will be removed the week of 27 June. This is the old toolbar with small square blue buttons. You can see [[m:File:Edit toolbar - 2.png|a picture of it]]. 0.03% of active Wikimedia editors use this old tool. They will not see a toolbar at all. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Editing/Projects/Removal_of_the_2006_wikitext_editor][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T30856] * Wikimedia wikis use [[mw:Offline content generator|OCG]] to create PDFs. The OCG code has a lot of problems and will stop working. It has to be replaced. An alternative is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ElectronPdfService|Electron]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/PDF Functionality|tell the developers]] what you need the PDF service to be able to do. Electron already works on German Wikipedia. It will be on English Wikipedia later this week so you can test it there too. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T165956] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:Architecture committee|Architecture Committee]] will change and get a new name. You can read and comment on the [[mw:Architecture committee/Charter|draft]] that describes the new committee. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/23|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W23"/> 21:04, 5 juni 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16850955 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/24|Tech News: 2017-24]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W24"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/24|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *Some wikis have the larger and brighter [[mw:OOjs UI|OOjs UI]] edit page buttons. When you write an edit summary there you can now see how many bytes you have left before the summary is too long. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T165856] *When you search on Wikipedia you can now find pages on other Wikimedia projects that could be relevant. You see them next to the search results. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Cross-wiki_Search_Result_Improvements] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 13 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 14 June. It will be on all wikis from 15 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=13&month=06&year=2017 13 June at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *You will soon be able to get a notification when someone tries to log in to your account. You can test this on the [[testwiki:Main Page|test wiki]]. This will only work if they fail to log in to your account. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Tech/LoginNotify] * Wikimedia wikis use [[mw:Offline content generator|OCG]] to create PDFs. The OCG code has a lot of problems and will stop working. It has to be replaced. An alternative is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ElectronPdfService|Electron]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/PDF Functionality|tell the developers]] what you need the PDF service to be able to do. Electron now works on all Wikimedia projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T165956] *Administrators can soon search for deleted page titles and find results that are similar to what they searched for. Today the search only finds pages that are exactly the same as what you search for. This is to make it easier to find pages when you don't know the exact title. Administrators on Arabic, Catalan, English, Persian, German, Italian, Polish, and Russian Wikipedia and on mediawiki.org can test this by adding <code>&fuzzy=1</code> to the end of the web address when looking at [[Special:Undelete|Special:Undelete]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/User:Smalyshev_(WMF)/Archive_search][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T109561] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/24|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W24"/> 17:29, 12 juni 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16872240 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/25|Tech News: 2017-25]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W25"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/25|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' *[[mw:ORES|ORES]] had some problems on 13 June between 16:00 and 19:40 [[w:en:Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]. It has now been fixed. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20170613-ORES] '''Changes this week''' *<code>[[wikitech:Irc.wikimedia.org|irc.wikimedia.org]]</code> has to be rebooted. This will probably happen on 21 June. It may be postponed. Some tools use this to get the recent changes feed. They will not work when it is down. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T167643] *<span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> <code>Special:PageData</code> will be an entry point for machine-readable page data. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T163923] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 20 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 21 June. It will be on all wikis from 22 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=20&month=06&year=2017 20 June at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *<span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[w:en:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] in templates will be stored in a separate page in the future. You can now see how the [[mw:Extension:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles extension]] works on [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/TemplateStylesTest Beta Labs]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/25|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W25"/> 17:44, 19 juni 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16885571 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/26|Tech News: 2017-26]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W26"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/26|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The <[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InputBox|inputbox]]> has a new <code>searchfilter</code> parameter. You can add values like <code>searchfilter=insource:foo</code>. It will add that to the user's search query. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T147951] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 27 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 28 June. It will be on all wikis from 29 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Users will be able to choose whether they want to see Wikidata changes in enhanced watchlist/recent changes. Previously, this was disabled for everyone. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T46874] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=27&month=06&year=2017 27 June at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * You can join the next WMF Language team office hour, an open session to talk about Wikimedia Language projects. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=13&min=00&sec=0&day=27&month=06&year=2017 27 June at 13:00 UTC]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/mediawiki-i18n/2017-June/001126.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/26|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W26"/> 17:38, 26 juni 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16896487 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/27|Tech News: 2017-27]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W27"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/27|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *There was a problem with maps on Wikimedia wikis that used <[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|mapframe]]> when you clicked on the link to another map service. Open Street Map or Google Maps are examples of other map services. If you had marked a place on the map the marker would not be in the same place on the other map service. It was in the middle of the map. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T160782] '''Changes this week''' *Very old and inactive unpublished translations in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content Translation]] database will be removed. This is because of technical maintenance. If you have not worked on a translation after 1 January 2016 you will lose it after 6 July. If you want to keep the unfinished translation you need to open it before 6 July with the Content Translation tool. You can continue working on it later. Translations that were started or have been worked on after 1 January 2016 will not be affected. *There is no new Mediawiki version this week. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[wikitech:EventStreams|EventStreams]] is a new way to show activity on Wikimedia wikis. It works with the recent changes feed. It will do more things later. It will replace [[wikitech:RCStream|RCStream]]. Tools that use RCStream should move to EventStreams before 7 July. Tech News wrote about this in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/07|2017/07]] issue. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/analytics/2017-February/005711.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/27|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W27"/> 17:32, 3 juli 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16943555 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/28|Tech News: 2017-28]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W28"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/28|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There are sometimes links to pages about the same thing on other Wikimedia projects. A Wikipedia article about Berlin can link to the Wikivoyage guide or Wiktionary entry about Berlin. You can now see when that page has a badge. A badge could be the star that shows that an article is a featured article. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73887] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2017-07-11|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2017-07-12|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2017-07-13|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=11&month=07&year=2017 {{#time:j xg|2017-07-11|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *Mobile users will be able to edit Wikipedia without JavaScript. This will make it possible to edit the wikis from older mobile phones. This will probably happen on 18 July for most wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T125174] *We will [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy/FAQ|not use]] [[w:en:HTML Tidy|Tidy]] on Wikimedia wikis in the future. It will be replaced by June 2018. It could be earlier. Editors will need to fix pages that could break. You can read the [[mw:Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What will editors need to do.3F|simplified instructions for editors]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/28|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W28"/> 17:07, 10 juli 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=16977031 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/29|Tech News: 2017-29]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W29"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/29|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * "Wikimedia Labs" is now called "Cloud VPS". "Wikimedia Tool Labs" is now called "Wikimedia Toolforge". This is to help clarify the purpose of these services. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-July/088466.html] '''Problems''' * On some pages, the Table of Contents is not being shown. It will normally appear if you edit the page again. Investigation is currently ongoing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T168040] '''Changes this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 18 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 19 July. It will be on all wikis from 20 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=18&month=07&year=2017 18 July at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Architecture committee. The topic this week is: Migrate to HTML5 section ids. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T152540] The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=19&month=07&year=2017 19 July at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features/Hovercards|Page Previews]], currently a Beta Feature, will be enabled for logged-out users for all remaining Wikipedias (with the exception of English and German) the week of 24 July. An A/B test will be run on English Wikipedia to collect data before approaching the community for further discussion. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T70860] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/29|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W29"/> 00:59, 18 juli 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17007159 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Collaboration/Newsletter/Issues/2017/30|Tech News: 2017-30]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W30"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/30|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *<span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[w:en:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] in templates will be stored in a separate page in the future. This will make it easier to make templates look good on mobile devices. This now works on [[mw:MediaWiki|mediawiki.org]] and [[wikitech:Main Page|Wikitech]]. It will come to more wikis later. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TemplateStyles/Q%26A][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Topic:Tl7vrw6suzkxxoy9][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170863] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> <code dir=ltr>.mw-ui-constructive</code> modifier class is deprecated and has been removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T155203] '''Changes later this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2017-07-25|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2017-07-26|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2017-07-27|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). * It will be possible to restrict who can send you notifications on a wiki. This new feature will accessible in your preferences, [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-echo|in the Notifications tab]], on Wednesday, July 26. Please see [[mw:Help:Notifications#mute|the documentation]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150419] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=25&month=07&year=2017 {{#time:j xg|2017-07-25|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title=" Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the Wikimedia Foundation July 2017 Metrics & Activities Meeting. The meeting is about how Wikipedia and the Wikimedia movement are perceived and understood by the world. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=27&month=07&year=2017 {{#time:j xg|2017-07-27|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2017-July/088080.html the agenda and how to join]. '''Future changes''' * New Filters for Edit Review, at the moment available as a Beta feature, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Collaboration/Newsletter/Issues/2017/07|will be released by default]] for the Recent Changes in September. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/30|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W30"/> 17:57, 24 juli 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17017391 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/31|Tech News: 2017-31]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W31"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/31|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' *Some pages show the error <code>Lua error in mw.wikibase.entity.lua at line 34: The entity data must be a table obtained via mw.wikibase.getEntityObject</code>. This problem happens on pages with a [[:w:en: Lua (programming language)|Lua module]] that uses Wikidata. The developers are working on fixing the problem. You can fix a page by opening it for editing and then saving without changing anything. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170039] *Wikidata and German Wikipedia could not be edited for an hour on 28 July. You can read why and how we could avoid it in the future in the [[wikitech:Incident documentation/20170728-s5 (WikiData and dewiki) read-only|incident report]]. '''Changes later this week''' *Some wikis already have the larger and brighter [[mw:Contributors/Projects/Accessible_editing_buttons|OOjs UI edit page buttons]]. All remaining wikis except Commons will have these from 1 August. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T162849] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 1 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 2 August. It will be on all wikis from 3 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=01&month=08&year=2017 1 August at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The default font in the edit window will soon change for some users. Instead of using the browser default it will be monospace. Users can change this in their preferences. This should only change this for some users on Macs and iOS devices. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T171201] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/31|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W31"/> 23:45, 31 juli 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17058990 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/32|Tech News: 2017-32]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W32"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/32|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now see which Wikipedia language versions are read in a specific country. This tool is called [https://stats.wikimedia.org/wikimedia/animations/pageviews/wivivi.html Wikipedia Views Visualized]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WiViVi] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The Architecture Committee is now the [[mw:Wikimedia Technical Committee|Wikimedia Technical Committee]]. You can read the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Technical Committee/Charter|charter]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-July/088534.html] '''Problems''' * You can get an email when a page on your watchlist was edited. You can choose not to get emails for minor edits. There is a bug that means that you then don't get an email when someone does a normal edit after a minor edit. The developers are working on fixing this. Until it has been fixed you can activate "{{int:tog-enotifminoredits}}" at the bottom of "{{int:prefs-personal}}" in your preferences if you want to. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29884] * The thanks button sometimes didn't work for mobile users. This was because of a new bug and has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170917] '''Changes later this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 8 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 9 August. It will be on all wikis from 10 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * Editors and readers who still use Internet Explorer 8 on Windows XP will not be able to use Wikipedia. Internet Explorer 8 on Windows XP can't connect securely to the wikis. When we allow them to do so it means that we get less security for everyone else. If you use Internet Explorer 8 on Windows XP you can install [https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/organizations/all/ Firefox 52 ESR] instead. Around 0.1% of the traffic to the Wikimedia wikis comes from Internet Explorer 8 on Windows XP. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T147199] * Links to sections on Wikipedia don't work well in languages that don't use the [[w:en:Latin script|Latin script]]. The [[w:en:URL|URL]] in the address bar in your browser shows Latin characters like <code dir=ltr>.D0.A1.D1.81.D1.8B.D0.BB.D0.BA.D0.B8</code> instead of the section heading in the wiki's language. Links to sections in non-Latin scripts will be in the script of that wiki in the future. This will happen in the next few months. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-August/088559.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T152540] * Wiki pages printed by the web browser "Print" function will have an updated style. This new style will be similar to the when you download a page as PDF. It will be better at showing tables, infoboxes and headings. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Reading/Web/Projects/Print_Styles#Desktop_Printing][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-August/088565.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/32|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W32"/> 23:45, 7 august 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17085059 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/33|Tech News: 2017-33]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W33"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/33|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *Bureaucrats can now set users as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:Confirmed users|confirmed]]. Previously only stewards could do this on most wikis. Nothing will change for wikis that have previously decided to let administrators set users as confirmed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T101983] '''Problems''' *The symbols in the language list that show that an article is good or featured in that language doesn't work. Links to the Commons category in the sidebar doesn't work either. The developers are working on fixing it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T172592][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T172805] '''Changes later this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 15 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 16 August. It will be on all wikis from 17 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/33|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W33"/> 01:28, 15 august 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17112361 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/34|Tech News: 2017-34]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W34"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/34|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *You can now test the new [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Timeless?useskin=timeless Timeless skin] on [[testwiki:Main Page|the test wiki]] and [[mw:MediaWiki|mediawiki.org]]. You can turn it on in your preferences. You can report bugs [[phab:tag/timeless/|in Phabricator]]. It will come to more wikis soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T154371][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-August/088603.html] *Your watchlist can now have the option to unwatch pages. You have to turn this on in your preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T2424] *If a table has several columns you can often choose which column you want to use to sort the table. This has not worked for some columns for readers who have used Firefox or Safari. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T126886] *The [[mw:Extension:RelatedArticles|RelatedArticles extension]] has shown related pages on Wikivoyages. You will now see the related pages at the end of the article together with an image. Previously the links were in the sidebar. Wikis that want this extension can request it on [[phab:tag/wikimedia-site-requests/|Phabricator]]. '''Changes later this week''' *Videos will now be played in the [[w:en:WebM|WebM format]] in all browsers. Previously some browsers used [[w:en:Theora|Ogg Theora]] (.ogv). If you use Safari, Internet Explorer or Edge you may see slower playback speed at high resolutions. Instead we will get better quality and smaller file size. You can still upload video as Ogg files. They are automatically converted to WebM. This doesn't affect Ogg audio files. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T172445] *The default font in the edit window will change for some users this week. Instead of using the browser default, it will be monospace. Users can change this in their preferences. This should only change this for some users on Macs and iOS devices. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T171201] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 22 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 23 August. It will be on all wikis from 24 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=23&month=08&year=2017 23 August at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=22&month=08&year=2017 22 August at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/34|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W34"/> 20:00, 21 august 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17130704 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/35|Tech News: 2017-35]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W35"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/35|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *[[w:en:Syntax highlighting|Syntax highlighting]] is now a beta feature on Wikimedia wikis with text written from left to right. It will come to right-to-left wikis later. This beta feature is based on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Tech/Wikitext_editor_syntax_highlighting][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T165543] *You will now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Login notifications|get a notification]] when someone tries to log in to your account and fails. If they try from a device or IP address that have logged in to your account before you will be notified after five failed attempts. You can turn this off or choose to get an email notification in your preferences. You can also turn on to get an email when someone logs in to your account from a new device or IP address. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2017-August/088368.html] '''Problems''' *Some pages show the error <code>Lua error in mw.wikibase.entity.lua at line 34: The entity data must be a table obtained via mw.wikibase.getEntityObject</code>. This problem happens on pages with a [[:w:en:Lua (programming language)|Lua module]] that use Wikidata. This has now been fixed and no new pages will get this problem. You still need to fix pages that were broken before and still show the error message. You can see how [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Mw.wikibase.entity.lua bug fix instructions|on this page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170039] '''Changes later this week''' *You can block users from sending you notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150419] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 29 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 30 August. It will be on all wikis from 31 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=29&month=08&year=2017 29 August at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Technical Committee. The topic this week is [[phab:T152540|Migrate to HTML5 section ids]]. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&min=00&sec=0&day=30&month=08&year=2017 30 August at 21:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Architecture meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *In the future you will have [[m:Community Tech/Global preferences|global preferences]]. This means you could set something in your preferences to work in the same way on all wikis. You will not be forced to use global preferences. The developers are now asking if editors need exceptions. This is where you want to use global settings on almost all wikis, but have some wikis where you want it to work in a different way. If you want this you need to tell the developers now. You can do so on [[m:Talk:Community Tech/Global preferences|the talk page]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2017-August/088447.html] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|New filters for edit review]] is a beta feature to improve recent changes pages. It will work on watchlists from 5 September. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2017-August/001648.html] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The jQuery library will be upgraded to version 3 in September 2017. Wikis can [[phab:T124742|ask on Phabricator]] to get it early, so they can help find and solve problems now. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/35|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W35"/> 00:09, 29 august 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17163557 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/36|Tech News: 2017-36]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W36"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/36|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' *We are asking Tech News readers five questions to make the newsletter better. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Reader feedback/2017|You can answer the questions here]]. We are grateful for every reply we get. '''Recent changes''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] user interface has changed. You can now select revisions by clicking on the bars. You can move the blue knob past the yellow one and the yellow one will move along, and the other way around. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T173566][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T172092] '''Problems''' * Some users have problems loading very large watchlists. It is working better than earlier but the problem has not been solved. The developers are working on fixing it. Until it has been fixed you can turn on "{{int:tog-extendwatchlist}}" in your preferences and see if it helps. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T171027] '''Changes later this week''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|New filters for edit review]] is a beta feature to improve recent changes pages. It will work on watchlists from 5 September. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2017-August/001648.html] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 5 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 6 September. It will be on all wikis from 7 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=05&month=09&year=2017 5 September at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can see a presentation about and discuss the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Technical Committee|Technical Committee]] on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=17&min=30&sec=0&day=05&month=09&year=2017 5 September at 17:30 (UTC)]. There will be a presentation on [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtH-EmGmOWs YouTube] and a discussion in <code>#wikimedia-office</code> on [https://freenode.net/kb/answer/chat Freenode]. You can use the [https://webchat.freenode.net/ web chat]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-August/088651.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/36|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W36"/> 00:14, 5 septembar 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17191730 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/37|Tech News: 2017-37]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W37"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/37|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can get a [[d:Special:Diff/552232398|notification]] when a page you created is connected to a Wikidata item. You can choose to get these notifications in your preferences. Some wikis already had this option. It is now available on all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T142102] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Newsletter|Newsletter extension]] is now on mediawiki.org. The newsletter extension is for newsletters where you can subscribe by getting a notification when a new issue has been published. It will come to more wikis later. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-September/088714.html] *The [[mw:Extension:Linter|Linter extension]] helps you find technical errors in articles. There is now a new high-priority category: <code>tidy-whitespace-bug</code>. This usually affects templates with horizontal lists. You can read more [[mw:Help:Extension:Linter|about using Linter]] and the [[mw: Help:Extension:Linter/tidy-whitespace-bug|Tidy whitespace bug]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T173096] '''Problems''' * Tech News [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/36|2017/36]] reported about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|new filters for edit review]] coming to watchlists. This was planned to happen last week. It will happen next week instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T171030] '''Changes later this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 12 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 13 September. It will be on all wikis from 14 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[mw:OOjs UI|OOjs UI]] will be updated. This could affect some icons. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-September/088711.html read more about the changes]. '''Meetings''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=13&month=09&year=2017 13 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=12&month=09&year=2017 12 September at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *You can't use [[mw:Offline content generator|OCG]] to create PDFs after 1 October. This is because of technical problems. You can use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ElectronPdfService|Electron]] instead. Most PDFs are already created with Electron. Electron will get missing features before 1 October. You can create books but they will not have all planned features until November or December. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/PDF Functionality|read more on mediawiki.org]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|New filters for edit review]] are available now on recent changes as a beta feature. [[mw:Topic:Txr92g0lwqv1rpao|Some of those filters and other features]] will be deployed as default features in the coming weeks. Users will be able to opt out in their preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T164489] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/37|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W37"/> 21:15, 11 septembar 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17211238 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/38|Tech News: 2017-38]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W38"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/38|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *You can now see contributions from an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Range blocks#Non-technical explanation|IP range]] at [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]]. Before you could only see contributions from single [[w:en:IP address|IP addresses]]. Some older contributions from IP ranges could be missing at first because it will take some time to add them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T175105][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T163562] * Flow has been re-scoped to become [[mw:Structured Discussions|Structured Discussions]] and the development [[mw:Structured_Discussions#Development_status|has restarted]]. Phabricator projects and repositories have been renamed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T167928] '''Changes later this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 19 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 20 September. It will be on all wikis from 21 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=11&month=04&year=2017 19 September at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=20&month=09&year=2017 20 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * We are [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy/FAQ|replacing]] [[w:en:HTML Tidy|Tidy]] on Wikimedia wikis. Editors need to fix pages that could break. You can read the [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy/FAQ#What will editors need to do.3F|simplified instructions for editors]]. Some wikis have already switched. If your wiki would like to switch to the new format now, [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Parsing-Team,Tidy,Wikimedia-Site-requests&title=Enable%20RemexHTML%20on%20XXwiki&priority=10&parent=175706 you can file a task]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/38|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W38"/> 17:31, 18 septembar 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17219411 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/39|Tech News: 2017-39]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W39"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/39|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Wikitext [[w:en:Syntax highlighting|syntax highlighting]] is a beta feature on Wikimedia wikis with text written from left to right. This beta feature is based on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]]. You can now search through the entire article with <code>CTRL</code>+<code>F</code> or <code>cmd</code>+<code>F</code> when you edit. Before it just searched through a part of the article. The developers are also fixing a couple of other bugs. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Tech/Wikitext_editor_syntax_highlighting#Status_Updates][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T95104] * Administrators on wikis that use [[mw:Structured Discussions/Request_Structured_Discussions_on_a_page/Beta_feature|Structured Discussions as a beta feature or by default]] can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Structured_Discussions/Activation#ActivationBySysops|create and move]] Structured Discussions boards. Structured Discussions was previously called Flow. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T175934] '''Changes later this week''' *You now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Login notifications|get a notification]] when someone tries to log in to your account and fails. If they try from a device or IP address that have logged in to your account before you will be notified after five failed attempts. For security reasons you will soon get an email by default when someone tries to log in to your account and when someone logs in to your account from a new device or IP address. This can be turned off in your preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T174263] * Users with extremely old browsers (for example Netscape 2–4, released from 1995–1997) which do not support Unicode will no longer be able to edit. They should try to install a new browser. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T67297] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 26 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 27 September. It will be on all wikis from 28 September. ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=27&month=09&year=2017 27 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *The Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Readers|Readers department]] has proposed changing the mobile website. You can [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/NewMobileWebsite#Proposal|read more on mediawiki.org]]. This would be a big change. *You can't use [[mw:Offline content generator|OCG]] to create PDFs after 1 October. This is because of technical problems. You can still create PDFs. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/37|Tech News 2017/37]] said the function to create PDFs from books would still work. It is now clear it will not work for the next few months. The developers are working on fixing this. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/PDF Functionality|read more on mediawiki.org]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/39|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W39"/> 17:59, 25 septembar 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17259189 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/40|Tech News: 2017-40]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W40"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/40|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Creating pages with preloaded text|preload]] features in the visual editor. This means you can create links to create new pages and some text will already be in the edit window when someone clicks on it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T51622] '''Changes later this week''' * If you have turned on "{{int:betafeatures-auto-enroll}}" you will now get the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]]. Before this you had to turn it on manually even though it is a beta feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T176181] * [[Special:Block|Special:Block]] and [[Special:Unblock|Special:Unblock]] will get the [[mw:UX standardization|OOUI look]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T107036] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The jQuery library will be upgraded to version 3 on all Wiktionary wikis from 2 October. It will be on all non-Wikipedia wikis from 4 October. It will be on all wikis from 5 October. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T124742] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.30/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 3 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 4 October. It will be on all wikis from 5 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=03&month=10&year=2017 3 October at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=04&month=10&year=2017 4 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * A new feature called Reading Lists are coming to the Wikipedia mobile apps. First it will be in the Android version. Reading Lists are a private user preference where you can see lists of articles on multiple devices. You can [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/Synced Reading Lists|give feedback on this feature]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Synced_Reading_Lists] * The search function has used [[mw:Manual:Language#Fallback languages|fallback languages]] for language analysis. This means a language could be analysed with the grammar of a completely unrelated language to find related words. This will be removed from most wikis the week starting with 9 October. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Discovery/Disabling Messaging Fallbacks for Language Analysis|read more and give feedback]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/40|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W40"/> 01:25, 3 oktobar 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17287248 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/41|Tech News: 2017-41]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W41"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/41|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The number of active users listed by <code><nowiki>{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}}</nowiki></code> and on [[Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]] will now only include Wikidata edits as activity on Wikidata and not on other wikis too. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/380887/] * Previously you could create wiki links starting with two colons. Now you need to use one colon. <nowiki>[[::File:X.jpg]]</nowiki> now has to be <nowiki>[[:File:X.jpg]]</nowiki>. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter/multi-colon-escape|Linter category]]. You can see a list on [[Special:Linterrors/multi-colon-escape|Special:Linterrors/multi-colon-escape]]. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Linter|Linter extension]] helps you find technical errors in articles. You can read more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|about using Linter]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/361597/] '''Problems''' * You will not be able to edit or upload files to Commons for around 30 minutes on 11 October. This will start at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=06&min=00&sec=0&day=11&month=10&year=2017 06:00 UTC]. This is because of work to let Commons show 3D models. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Village_pump#Read-only_Commons_in_preparation_for_3D_file_support_-_11_October] '''Changes later this week''' * The font in the edit window is [[w:en:Monospaced font|monospace]] by default. Today you can change preferences to another font family or use "the browser default" instead of monospace. Switching to the browser default has only changed the font on Macs. The option to use browser default will be removed this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170223] * If you want to print a page or make a PDF of a page you can do so in the side menu. The way the pages look when you do this will change. You can [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Print Styles#Desktop Printing|read more on mediawiki.org]]. * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 10 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 11 October. It will be on all wikis from 12 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=10&month=10&year=2017 10 October at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=11&month=10&year=2017 11 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/41|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W41"/> 16:21, 9 oktobar 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17309468 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/42|Tech News: 2017-42]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W42"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/42|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * When you edit a template with the visual editor it follows the template's <code>format</code> configuration on how to save it. You can now change the format in [[mw:Help:TemplateData#Custom_formats|more powerful ways]] if your wiki wants it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138492][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T135667] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TwoColConflict|TwoColConflict]] extension is a new way to solve edit conflicts. It makes it easier to copy and paste the relevant text to the text field. It has been a beta feature for the last five months. You can now [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts/Feedback Round Test Page|try out the new interface]] on a page where you will actually get simulated edit conflicts. You can [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts/Feedback Round Test Page|give feedback]] to the developers. '''Problems''' * There is a problem with recent changes pages and your watchlist that show a large number of pages. Until it is fixed, Wikidata edits will not be shown on recent changes or in your watchlist on Commons or Russian Wikipedia. If necessary, Wikidata edits will be removed from all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T171027] * Notifications are not working for some actions. For example some users don't get a notification when they are mentioned. The developers are working on fixing this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T177825] * Users on some wikis could not change their preferences. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T177478] '''Changes later this week''' * Editors and readers who still use Internet Explorer 8 on Windows XP will not be able to use Wikipedia from 17 October. Internet Explorer 8 on Windows XP can't connect securely to the wikis. When we allow them to do so it means that we get less security for everyone else. If you use Internet Explorer 8 on Windows XP you can install [https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/organizations/all/ Firefox 52 ESR] instead. Around 0.1% of the traffic to the Wikimedia wikis comes from Internet Explorer 8 on Windows XP. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T147199] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 October. It will be on all wikis from 19 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=17&month=10&year=2017 17 October at 19:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=18&month=10&year=2017 18 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/42|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W42"/> 17:31, 16 oktobar 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17314765 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/43|Tech News: 2017-43]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W43"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/43|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can use <code>ccnorm_contains_any</code> when you create an abuse filter. This can be used to look for multiple words or phrases within a string. It will find words where some characters have been replaced. You can read more [[mw:Extension:AbuseFilter/Rules format|in the documentation]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T177711] '''Changes later this week''' * When you search in some languages the search function could use specific other languages if the first language didn't work. This is called a fallback language. This didn't work properly and created bad searches. The search index is being fixed to work better. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T177871] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 24 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 25 October. It will be on all wikis from 26 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=30&sec=0&day=24&month=10&year=2017 24 October at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=25&month=10&year=2017 25 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *There is a [[c:Commons:Structured data/Get involved/Community focus group|Structured Commons community focus group]] for Commons and Wikidata contributors who want to give input on structured data on Wikimedia Commons. You can [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Structured Commons focus group|sign up]] to join it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T174142] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/43|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W43"/> 20:18, 23 oktobar 2017 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17344086 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/44|Tech News: 2017-44]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W44"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/44|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *You can now block users from emailing you through the Wikimedia wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T177319] '''Changes later this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 31 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 1 November. It will be on all wikis from 2 November ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=30&sec=0&year=2017&month=10&day=31 31 October at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=01&month=11&year=2017 1 November at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/44|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W44"/> 01:20, 31 oktobar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17372700 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/45|Tech News: 2017-45]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W45"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/45|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *You will no longer see the patrol log on [[Special:Log|Special:Log]] unless you specifically select it. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/384197] '''Changes later this week''' *The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/2017 Community Wishlist Survey|2017 Community Wishlist Survey]] begins on 6 November. You can post proposals from [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=00&sec=0&day=06&month=11&year=2017 19:00 UTC] and until November 19. * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 7 November. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 8 November. It will be on all wikis from 9 November ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=08&month=11&year=2017 8 November at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *[[:w:en:URL|URLs]] that link to sections on Wikimedia wikis with non-Latin scripts have looked like this: <code>https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Википедия#.D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F</code> instead of <code>https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Википедия#История</code>. This will soon be fixed. Old links will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T152540][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T75092] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/45|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W45"/> 19:45, 6 novembar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17381742 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/46|Tech News: 2017-46]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W46"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/46|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' *The diff you see when you compare two different versions of a page has changed on [[mw:MediaWiki|MediaWiki.org]] and [[testwiki:Main Page|the test wiki]]. This is to make it easier to find a text change in a moved paragraph. It will hopefully soon come to more wikis. You can [[phab:T146781|report bugs in Phabricator]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-November/089099.html] *A new user group on Commons will be able to upload [[w:en:MP3|MP3 files]]. The plan is to have this user group from 17 November. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T180002] * Wikis using Flagged Revisions will get the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|New filters for Edit Review]] by default on the recent changes pages. It will be possible to opt-out in user preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T178990] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 14 November. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 15 November. It will be on all wikis from 16 November ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=15&month=11&year=2017 15 November at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *Support for uploading and viewing 3D models is coming soon to Wikimedia Commons. The feature will support the [[w:en:STL (file format)|.STL file format]]. You can see an example [[testwiki:File:Programmatically created crystal.stl|on the test wiki]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Extension:3d] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/46|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W46"/> 20:19, 13 novembar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17417996 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/47|Tech News: 2017-47]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W47"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/47|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * If you use the Chrome web browser on [[w:en:Android (operating system)|Android]] you can see a download icon on the mobile website. You can download a formatted PDF. It will work in other mobile browsers in the future. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> The abuse filter now has a function called <code>get_matches</code>. You can use it to store matches from regular expressions – one of each capturing group. You can read more [[phabricator:T179957|in Phabricator]]. '''Problems''' * Last week's MediaWiki version didn't come to all Wikipedias because of a database crash. It will be on all wikis on 20 November. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T180714][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T178635][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20171116-s5-dewiki-wikidata] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=30&sec=0&year=2017&month=11&day=21 21 November at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=22&month=11&year=2017 22 November at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Language converter syntax will no longer work inside external links. Wikitext like <code><nowiki>http://-{zh-cn:foo.com; zh-hk:bar.com; zh-tw:baz.com}-</nowiki></code> must be replaced. You will have to write <code><nowiki>-{zh-cn: http://foo.com ; zh-hk: http://bar.com ; zh-tw:http://baz.com }-</nowiki></code> instead. This only affects languages with Language Converter enabled. Examples of such languages are Chinese and Serbian. This will happen next week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T119158][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2017-November/001730.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/47|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W47"/> 20:18, 20 novembar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17447294 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/48|Tech News: 2017-48]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W48"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/48|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now test the new [[mw:Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|advanced search function beta feature]] on mediawiki.org. It makes it easier to use some of the special search functions that most editors don't know exist. It will come to German and Arabic Wikipedia this week. It will come to more wikis later. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2017-November/089148.html] * You can now upload large files with the [https://tools.wmflabs.org/ia-upload/commons/init Internet Archive upload tool]. Previously you could not upload files larger than 100 MB. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikisource-l/2017-November/003365.html] * You can now use the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Skin:Timeless?useskin=timeless Timeless skin] on all wikis. You can choose skins in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|Special:Preferences#Appearance]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T154371] '''Changes later this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 28 November. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 29 November. It will be on all wikis from 30 November ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=30&sec=0&year=2017&month=11&day=28 28 November at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=29&month=11&year=2017 29 November at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/48|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W48"/> 21:30, 27 novembar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17468068 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/49|Tech News: 2017-49]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W49"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/49|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * It is now possible to upload [[w:en:MP3|MP3 files]] to Commons. Only users with [[c:Commons:MP3 uploaders|MP3 file upload rights]] can upload MP3 files. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120288] * You can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Live updates|live updates]] for recent changes if you use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|the new filters]]. This feature updates the filtered recent changes every three seconds when you activate it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T173614] * There is an experimental [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/A Tor Onion Service for Wikipedia|onion service]] for Wikimedia projects. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2017-November/089157.html] '''Changes later this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 5 December. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 6 December. It will be on all wikis from 7 December ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Very old versions of the [[w:en:Opera (web browser)|Opera Web browser]] are no longer supported. This means that technical development will not be tested to make sure it works with those Opera versions. Use Opera 15 or above or another browser if you have problems. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121517] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Almost 170 wikis with no high-priority errors in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|Linter]] categories will switch to use the [[mw:RemexHtml|Remex parsing library]]. This is [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|to replace Tidy]]. A few larger wikis such as German and Italian Wikipedia will also make this switch. It will happen on 5 December. Other wikis will be recommended to switch soon when they have fixed the errors that must be fixed. Tidy will be removed in the middle of 2018. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/Linter/Stats/2017-11-20#Wikis_with_zero_high-priority_errors][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What_will_editors_need_to_do.3F] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=30&sec=0&year=2017&month=12&day=05 5 December at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=06&month=12&year=2017 6 December at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *The [[m:2017 Community Wishlist Survey|2017 Community Wishlist Survey]] will decide what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] team will work on next year. You can vote for wishes on the [[m:2017 Community Wishlist Survey|survey page]] until 10 December. You can see what has happened to last year's wishes on the [[m:2016 Community Wishlist Survey/Results|2016 results page]]. *The Community Liaisons team at the Wikimedia Foundation is looking for [[m:Tech/Ambassadors/List|active tech ambassadors]]. This is to make sure the Wikimedia communities get all the information they need about new features and can be involved in the technical development. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T176476] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/49|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W49"/> 18:50, 4 decembar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17506639 --> == Invitation to Blocking tools consultation == Hello all, The Wikimedia Foundation's [[meta:Community health initiative/The Team|Anti-Harassment Tools team]] invites all Wikimedians to [[meta:Community health initiative/Blocking tools and improvements|discuss new blocking tools and improvements to existing blocking tools in December 2017]] for development work in early 2018. How can you help? #Share your ideas on the '''[[meta:Talk:Community health initiative/Blocking tools and improvements|discussion page]]''' or '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EmailUser/SPoore_(WMF) send an email to the Anti-Harassment Tools team]'''. #Spread the word that the consultation is happening; this is an important discussion for making decisions about improving the blocking tools. #Help with translation. #If you know of previous discussions about blocking tools that happened on your wiki, [[meta:Community health initiative/Blocking tools and improvements/Links|share the links.]] We are looking forward to learning your ideas. For the Anti-Harassment Tools team [[User:SPoore (WMF)|SPoore (WMF), Community Advocate, Community health initiative]] ([[User talk:SPoore (WMF)|talk]]) 00:23, 8 decembar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:SPoore (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SPoore_(WMF)/Tech_vp_massessage_list&oldid=17521361 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/50|Tech News: 2017-50]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W50"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/50|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[:w:en:URL|URLs]] that link to sections on Wikimedia wikis with non-Latin scripts have looked like this: <code>https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Википедия#.D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F</code> instead of <code>https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Википедия#История</code>. This has now been fixed on all wikis. Old links will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T152540] * A new [[Special:Tags|tag]] marks edits where a redirect was created or removed. This still works when the editor writes something else in the edit summary. You can see the tags for example in the recent changes feed, article history, user contributions or on your watchlist. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73236] * If you use [[w:en:Google Chrome|Chrome]] on [[w:en:Android (operating system)|Android]], you can now use the print to PDF button to create a PDF of an article. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T179914] * Filter by number of edits or filter by time range have been grouped on a same menu on the recent changes page if you use the new filters. The "{{int:rcfilters-show-new-changes}}" link is now more prominent. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T177926] * Some of the web fonts that were provided by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] extension are being removed. This is to reduce the load time on pages. The [[mw:Universal Language Selector/WebFonts|web fonts were added many years ago]] to help users read text in scripts which did not have fonts or had broken fonts. This is not the case any more. You can [[mw:Universal Language Selector/WebFonts/WebFonts Status|check the status page]] for a list of all web fonts and whether they are currently being used and especially for special requirements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T180422] '''Changes later this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 12 December. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 13 December. It will be on all wikis from 14 December ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=30&sec=0&year=2017&month=12&day=12 12 December at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=13&month=12&year=2017 13 December at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * You can discuss [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community health initiative/Blocking tools and improvements|new or improved blocking tools]] with the Wikimedia Foundation [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community health initiative#Anti-Harassment Tools|Anti-Harassment Tools team]]. They will work on building better blocking tools. Leave comments on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community health initiative/Blocking tools and improvements|talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/50|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W50"/> 18:57, 11 decembar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17532179 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/51|Tech News: 2017-51]] == <section begin="technews-2017-W51"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/51|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * Because of the [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|holidays]] the next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 8 January 2018. '''Problems''' * When you import a page from another wiki the usernames of the users who edited the article on the wiki you imported it from are shown in the article history. This should link to the users on the original wiki. A script to fix this caused problems for Wikidata and German Wikipedia. It also created a large number of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL accounts]] on wikis where editors had never edited. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T181731] * Some bot owners got email about their bots logging in from a new computer. If this is from one or a couple of wikis, you can turn these messages off [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-echo|in your preferences]] on those wikis until the problem has been solved. If not, you can report more about the problem [[phab:T182867|in Phabricator]]. '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. There will be no new MediaWiki version next week either. '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=30&sec=0&year=2017&month=12&day=19 {{#time:j xg|2017-12-19|{{CURRENTCONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Files on Commons will have [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Structured data|structured metadata]] in the future. The developers are now looking for examples of different kinds of metadata to make sure they are aware of them when they build prototypes for structured data on Commons. You can [[c:Commons:Structured data/Get involved/Feedback requests/Interesting Commons files|read more and help]] by giving examples of interesting media files. * The [[c:Commons:Structured data/Development/Team|Structured Commons team]] are making sure Commons work with structured data. If you regularly contribute to Commons and Wikidata you can [http://www.allourideas.org/commonswdtools answer a survey] that helps the team prioritise the tools that are important for the Commons and Wikidata communities. The survey ends on 22 December. You can [[c:Commons:Structured data/Get_involved/Tools|read more on Commons]]. You can also [[c:Commons:Structured data/Get involved/Feedback requests/Renaming 'captions' and 'descriptions'|help the team decide]] on better names for "captions" and "descriptions". This ends on 3 January 2018. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/2017 Community Wishlist Survey|2017 Community Wishlist Survey]] has now ended. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/2017 Community Wishlist Survey/Results|see the results]]. They decide what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on next year. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2017/51|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2017-W51"/> 16:26, 18 decembar 2017 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17556688 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/02|Tech News: 2018-02]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W02"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/02|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * On Wikidata, the "{{int:wikibase-save}}" button when you edit is now called "{{int:wikibase-publish}}". This means all Wikimedia wikis have now changed from "{{int:savearticle}}" to "{{int:publishchanges}}". This is to help new editors understand what it does. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T161367][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131132] * Some edits will get an automatic [[Special:Tags|tag]] on all wikis. This will happen when making a page a redirect, blanking a page, removing almost all content, undoing an edit, or rolling back an edit. You can see the tags for example in the recent changes feed, article history, user contributions or on your watchlist. Some wikis had already marked edits like these in other ways. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T167656] * [[Special:UnusedFiles|Special:UnusedFiles]] shows files that have been uploaded but are not used. It will show a file that is not used on the wiki it has been uploaded to, even if the file is used on another wiki. The new [[c:Special:GloballyUnusedFiles|Special:GloballyUnusedFiles page on Commons]] only shows files that are not used on any wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T183673] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions|Structured discussions]] now uses the 2017 wikitext editor instead of its old custom one. This will work with your preference for wikitext or visual editor. The documentation [[mw:Help:Structured_Discussions/Quick_tour#basics|has been updated]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T155861][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T178719] '''Problems''' * Older versions of the Chrome web browser on mobile devices may see the PDF download button, but it does not work. The developers are looking into the problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T182059] * With the new filters in the recent changes, "{{int:rcfilters-exclude-button-off}}" in "{{int:namespaces}}" did not work for "{{int:rcfilters-quickfilters}}" between 13 December and 2 January. When you loaded the saved filter all other namespaces were excluded instead. This has now been fixed. If you made any changes to your saved filters between 13 December and 2 January, you need to save your filters with excluded namespaces again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T183910] * The latest version of [[w:en:Google Chrome|Google Chrome]] broke how section links are shown in the address bar. You now see <code>#R%C3%A9sum%C3%A9</code> instead of <code>#Résumé</code> even if MediaWiki did not encode it that way. This happened in early December. This problem has been solved. The fix will be in Chrome 64 (23 January) or Chrome 65 (6 March). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T152540#3830013] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> Some POST requests to the API took longer than usual in parts of December. This affected the Wikidata UI and some gadgets the most. It has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T182322] '''Changes later this week''' * Wikidata will be moved to its own database [[w:en:Server (computing)|servers]]. This is because it is growing and needs more resources. Because of this '''you will be able to read but not edit''' Wikidata and the German Wikipedia between 06:00 and 06:30 [[w:en:Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] on 9 January. You might lose edits if you try to save during this time. This includes editing the language links on other wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T181645] * The font size in the editing window will change slightly for some users. It will now look the same on all browsers and operating systems. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T182320][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Editing/Projects/Font_size_in_the_editing_window] * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 9 January. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 10 January. It will be on all wikis from 11 January ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> WikiEditor's ResourceLoader modules have been simplified to one: <code>ext.wikiEditor</code>. All the other modules are now deprecated aliases and should be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T165112] '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=01&day=09 9 January at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=10&month=01&year=2018 10 January at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/02|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W02"/> 17:19, 8 januar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17612475 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/03|Tech News: 2018-3]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W03"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/03|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Bureaucrats on Wikimedia wikis where the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Translate|Translate extension]] is installed can now add and remove the translation administrator permission by default. Administrators of wikis where this extension is enabled can add and remove this permission to or from themselves. Wikis that used a different configuration before have not changed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184610] * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> There is a new [https://discourse-mediawiki.wmflabs.org/ Discourse test support channel] for Wikimedia developers. You can ask questions or answer others questions about MediaWiki and Wikimedia software development. [https://discourse-mediawiki.wmflabs.org/t/welcome-to-wikimedia-developer-support/8] '''Problems''' * Last week's MediaWiki update was rolled back. This was because of a bug that changed non-[[w:en:ASCII|ASCII]] characters when a page was edited. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184749][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-January/089399.html] '''Changes later this week''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 16 January. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 17 January. It will be on all wikis from 18 January ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * <span title="Recurrent item">[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=]]</span> You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=01&day=16 16 January at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=17&month=01&year=2018 17 January at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * <span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> A few hundred wikis with less than ten high-priority errors in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|Linter]] categories will switch to use the [[mw:RemexHtml|Remex parsing library]]. This is [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|to replace Tidy]]. It will happen on 31 January. Other wikis will be recommended to switch soon when they have fixed the errors that must be fixed. Tidy will be removed in the middle of 2018. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184656][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What_will_editors_need_to_do.3F] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/03|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W03"/> 19:45, 15 januar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17629330 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/04|Tech News: 2018-04]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W04"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/04|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Filters on [[Special:RecentChangesLinked|Special:RecentChangesLinked]] will get the new look similar to on the recent changes page. Special:RecentChangesLinked will also get some new features. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T172161][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Global_Collaboration/Newsletter/Issues/2018/01] '''Problems''' * With the new [[mw:UX standardization|OOUI look]] menus and popups can open upwards instead of downwards. This was meant to make long dropdown menus easier to use. Sometimes these menus have been overlapped by other things. This is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T183069] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=24&month=01&year=2018 24 January at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *<code>[[wikitech:Irc.wikimedia.org|irc.wikimedia.org]]</code> will be rebooted on 22 February. Some bots use this to get the recent changes feed. They need to be able to reconnect automatically or they will not work until they have been fixed. Most bots can reconnect automatically. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-January/089426.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/04|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W04"/> 00:55, 23 januar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17666647 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/05|Tech News: 2018-05]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W05"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/05|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=31&month=01&year=2018 31 January at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The Wikimedia Foundation is working on how to get less unmaintained code on Wikimedia wikis. This could be by finding maintainers or removing unmaintained features. They are now [[mw:Code stewardship reviews/Feedback solicitation|looking for feedback]] on what do do with [[mw:Code stewardship reviews/Feedback solicitation/AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]], the [[mw:Talk:Code stewardship reviews/Feedback solicitation/IRCRecentChanges|IRC RecentChanges feed]], the [[mw:Talk:Code stewardship reviews/Feedback solicitation/RelatedSites|RelatedSites extension]] and [[mw:Talk:Code stewardship reviews/Feedback solicitation/TimedMediaHandler|TimedMediaHandler]]. You can leave feedback on the linked talk pages. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-January/089439.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/05|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W05"/> 18:06, 29 januar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17685596 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/06|Tech News: 2018-06]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W06"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/06|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Bureaucrats can now add and remove the accountcreator permission by default. This means the user can help create a large number of accounts, for example for an [[w:en:Edit-a-thon|editathon]]. Wikis can change this if they want to. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T185417] * The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/wdvd/index.php Wikidata vandalism dashboard] is a new tool to monitor vandalism on Wikidata labels and descriptions. It is filtered by language. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2018-January/011741.html] * Info pages for file pages now show the file's [[w:en:File verification|SHA1 hash value]] in the table of basic information. This is so users can see that the file is the same as the one they uploaded. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T181651] '''Problems''' * [[Special:Export|Special:Export]] has a higher error rate right now. This means that the export does not always work. You should check to make sure your page exports worked. The developers are working on fixing this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T186318] '''Changes later this week''' * When you review an edit made with the visual editor you can check a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Visual diffs|visual diff]] of your changes besides the wikitext diff. If you pick one diff type it will remember and show you that in future. The visual diff will now be the type first shown to new users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T178248] * When you use a gallery to show images you can define the size, like <code>gallery widths="150px"</code>. You could use <code>em</code> or <code>%</code> instead of <code>px</code> but it would make no difference. You can now only use <code>150px</code> or nothing (<code>150</code>). If you write something else, instead of treating it like <code>px</code>, it will not work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T129372] * The wording when you send a thanks message will change. Instead of <code>{{int:confirmable-yes}}</code> or <code>{{int:confirmable-no}}</code> it will say <code>Thank</code> and <code>Cancel</code>. It will also be easier to understand that all thanks are public. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T159302] * Redirects connected to Wikidata can create double Wikidata items. There will now be a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tracking categories|tracking category]] for this. Wikis that don't want it [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tracking categories|can disable it]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T185743] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 6 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 7 February. It will be on all wikis from 8 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=02&day=06 6 February at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=07&month=02&year=2018 7 February at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Education Program|Education Program extension]] will be removed on 30 June. It is replaced by the [https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/ Programs and Events Dashboard]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/education/2018-February/001917.html][https://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/Education/News/January_2018/Education_Extension_scheduled_shutdown] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/06|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W06"/> 21:51, 5 februar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17707607 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/07|Tech News: 2018-07]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W07"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/07|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * TemplateStyles has been deployed to the Swedish Wikipedia. TemplateStyles is a feature to make it easy to add CSS to templates without administrator privileges. This allows for better adaptability to screen sizes, especially on mobile where are half our total page views. If your community would like to be the next to have the feature, please [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=TemplateStyles submit a task on Phabricator]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T176082][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:TemplateStyles][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=TemplateStyles] * Registration pages now collect keyboard/mouse usage information for [[m:Research:Spambot detection via registration page behavior|research on identifying spambots]]. '''Changes later this week''' * You can opt in to a new beta feature that lets you use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diffs]] on history pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T185708] * The visual editor shows and lets you edit templates in one way, and reference lists in another. This meant that templates that only contain a fake reference list, like <code><nowiki>{{reflist}}</nowiki></code>, would not get updated as you edited. Now they will update as you edit, but you will no longer be able to visually edit them as templates. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T52769] * The abuse filter extension has a new feature <code>contains_all</code> that you may use to check if one or more strings are all contained in another given string. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Rules_format] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 13 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 14 February. It will be on all wikis from 15 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=02&day=13 13 February at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=14&month=02&year=2018 14 February at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Reading/Web/Settings|settings page and beta options]] for the mobile website are being improved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T67079] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/07|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W07"/> 22:59, 12 februar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17726593 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/08|Tech News: 2018-08]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W08"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/08|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The explanation of the abbreviations on the recent changes page could overlap with the list of changes. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T182156][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184165] * You can now [https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/all-projects see statistics] for pageviews per wiki per country. You can see this on maps or in a table. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-February/089518.html] '''Problems''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Linter|Linter]] is reporting estimated counts instead of actual counts for some wikis. This is because of performance problems. You might notice a false higher number in linter counts for some categories. This will be fixed as soon as the performance problem has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184280] * Last week the way that Visual Editor displays references lists was changed. As a result, the references generated by specific templates like <code><nowiki>{{sfn}}</nowiki></code> are not visible in the references list whilst editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187495][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T52769] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 20 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 21 February. It will be on all wikis from 22 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=02&day=20 20 February at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=21&month=02&year=2018 21 February at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The way edit summaries and log comments are stored in the database is being changed. In the future this will [[phab:T6714|make longer comments possible]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T185948] * Edit conflicts could be solved in a different way in the future. You can [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts/Feedback Round Paragraph-Based Prototype|test a new prototype]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/08|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W08"/> 23:54, 19 februar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17748904 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/09|Tech News: 2018-09]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W09"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/09|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Checkusers and stewards can now view private data such as the IP address in the abuse log. This data is removed regularly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T160357] '''Problems''' * Last week's MediaWiki version was rolled back because of a bug. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-February/089550.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187942] * Since the deployment train last week until late evening on 20 February [[w:en:Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]], when you thanked someone for an edit, the thank went to the latest unthanked edit to that page. It didn't matter which edit you tried to give thanks for. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187757] * [[Special:Statistics|Special:Statistics]] did not take newly created pages into account since 13 February 2018. Because of this the statistics are recreated. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/411400/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187845][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Tech/News/2018/09] '''Changes later this week''' * Users with version 10 of the Internet Explorer browser will no longer get JavaScript on Wikimedia wikis. If you use this browser on your computer, you can try upgrading to a newer version. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187869] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The Wikinews wikis will switch to use the [[mw:RemexHtml|Remex parsing library]]. This is [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|to replace Tidy]]. It will happen on 27 February. Other wikis will be recommended to switch soon when they have fixed the errors that must be fixed. Tidy will be removed in the middle of 2018. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T188000][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What_will_editors_need_to_do.3F] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 27 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 28 February. It will be on all wikis from 1 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=02&day=27 27 February at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=28&month=02&year=2018 28 February at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/09|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W09"/> 20:52, 26 februar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17769917 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/10|Tech News: 2018-10]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W10"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/10|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now make longer edit summaries. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6715] '''Changes later this week''' * You can [[m:Community Tech/Ping users from the edit summary|notify users in edit summaries]]. They will get a ping just as if they had been mentioned on a wiki page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T32750] * On [[Special:AbuseLog|Special:AbuseLog]] you can now choose to list only actions that actually made an edit. Other actions are when the filter warned the editor or blocked the edit from being made. There are also more search options. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T159061][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187971] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Wikis can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|enable Citoid]] to provide automatic reference look-up in the visual editor and the 2017 wikitext editor, but it is complex. The tool will now warn in the JavaScript console if the configuration isn't correct. Soon Citoid will disable itself if the configuration isn't correct. Check that your wiki is configured correctly. You can [[mw:Talk:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|ask for help]] if you need it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T186276] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 6 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 7 March. It will be on all wikis from 8 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=03&day=06 6 March at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=07&month=03&year=2018 7 March at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * In the future you will be able to use global preferences. This means you could change a preference for all wikis instead of having to change it every time for each wiki. You can now [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Special:GlobalPreferences test global preferences] and [[mw:Help talk:Extension:GlobalPreferences|give feedback]]. * You can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Map improvements 2018|read about planned works on maps]] during 2018. This will be done by June. You [[mw:Talk:Map improvements 2018|can give feedback]] on the planned maps work. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/10|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W10"/> 18:12, 5 mart 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17798793 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/11|Tech News: 2018-11]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W11"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/11|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * 3D models can now be uploaded to Commons. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/commons-l/2018-February/007972.html] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|Page Previews]] has been updated to use [[w:en:HTML|HTML]] for previews. This has fixed many issues. An [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] was done on English and German Wikipedia to measure how it is used. Other changes were also made. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-March/089609.html] * Some edits have to be checked against too many conditions before they can trigger an [[w:en:Wikipedia:Edit filter|abuse filter]]. If that is the reason no filter is triggered the edit will be [{{fullurl:Special:RecentChanges|tagfilter=abusefilter-condition-limit}} tagged] for review. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T71492] * Auto-saving has been added to the visual editor and the 2017 wikitext editor. Right now it is meant to help if your browser crashes or if you accidentally close a tab. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T57370] '''Problems''' * The [[w:en:Wikipedia:Edit filter|abuse filter]] did not tag all edits that should have been tagged after last week's MediaWiki version had come to the wikis. It was fixed on 9 March (UTC). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T189299] '''Changes later this week''' * You can [[m:Community Tech/Ping users from the edit summary|notify users in edit summaries]]. They will get a ping just as if they had been mentioned on a wiki page. This was originally planned to happen last week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T32750] * It is now possible to specify the block parameters for each filter in [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. The parameters include block duration and if the user should be blocked from editing their own talk page. The block duration is separate for anonymous and registered users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T32024][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170014] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] A hundred Wikimedia wikis will switch to use the [[mw:RemexHtml|Remex parsing library]]. This is [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|to replace Tidy]]. It will happen on 13 and 14 March. Other wikis will be recommended to switch soon when they have fixed the errors that must be fixed. Tidy will be removed in the middle of 2018. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T188869][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T188010][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What_will_editors_need_to_do.3F] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 13 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 14 March. It will be on all wikis from 15 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=03&day=13 13 March at 19:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=14&month=03&year=2018 14 March at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/11|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W11"/> 20:44, 12 mart 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17827223 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/12|Tech News: 2018-12]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W12"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/12|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * On March 12 early morning UTC, the number of 503 error messages increased due to an issue on esams datacenter. It has been fixed. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20180312-Cache-text] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2018-03-20|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2018-03-21|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2018-03-22|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] There is no Editing team meeting this week. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=21&month=03&year=2018 {{#time:j xg|2018-03-21|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * From April 4, the autopatrol status of edits will only be accessible in the Recent Changes database table, so only for 30 days. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-March/001812.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184485] * [[mw:In-context_help_and_onboarding|In-Context Help and Onboarding]] is a new project, aiming to improve retention of new wiki editors. The goal is to give them short tutorials and other training experiences based on their activity. [[mw:Collaboration|Collaboration team]] is expecting feedback and comments on [[mw:Talk:In-context_help_and_onboarding|the project talk page]], especially from people working with newcomers. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/12|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W12"/> 16:03, 19 mart 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17845447 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/13|Tech News: 2018-13]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W13"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/13|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * Some of the interface icons and text sizes will change slightly, as part of the updates for improved accessibility and consistency. These icons are used in many features, including Notifications, Recent Changes, Beta Features, Visual Editor, 2017 Wikitext Editor, Code Editor, and others. While editor toolbars, dialogs, and menus will appear slightly bigger; elements on special pages will be slightly smaller. Functionality will not change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T177432] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T97631] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The deprecated #toc and #toctitle CSS ids have been removed. If your wiki was still using these for fake Tables of Content (ToC) then these might lose their styling. They can be replaced with .toc and .toctitle classes where appropriate. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187808] * [[mw:Extension:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] will be deployed to the Wikivoyages on 28 March 2018. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T189834] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 27 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 28 March. It will be on all wikis from 29 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=03&day=27 27 March at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be one hour earlier than usual on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&min=00&sec=0&day=28&month=03&year=2018 28 March at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * From 9 April, the sort order of categories will be distorted for a short time. We are upgrading versions of an internationalisation library (ICU) and using a maintenance script to update existing database entries. This will last anywhere from a few hours to a few days, depending on wiki size. Read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Technical Operations/ICU announcement|more details]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T189295] * Changes are coming to search for Serbian projects. Cyrillic and Latin variants of a word and different grammatical forms of a word will be able to find each other. Read more on MediaWiki in [[mw:Wikimedia_Search_Platform/Serbian_Search_Update/sr|Serbian]] or [[mw:Wikimedia_Search_Platform/Serbian_Search_Update|English]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/13|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W13"/> 22:04, 26 mart 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17870513 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/14|Tech News: 2018-14]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W14"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/14|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[m:Community Tech/Template wizard|Template Wizard]] script available for testing. It will show up as a puzzle-piece icon in the 2010 WikiEditor. You can click on the icon to insert a template. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=| Advanced item]] The Wikimedia Communities and Contributors survey is to be sent to participants around the world this week. If you are volunteer developer, and have contributed code to any pieces of MediaWiki, gadgets, or tools, [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_5ABs6WwrDHzAeLr?aud=DEV please take 20 to 40 minutes to complete the survey]. '''Problems''' * MediaWiki deployment train has been rolled back to version <span dir=ltr>1.31.0-wmf.26</span> on week 13, due to a multiplication of lost connections during MySQL queries. Some of the recent changes may have not been applied. They will be deployed next week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190960][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2018-March/000523.html][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2018-March/000524.html] * The Notifications badge icons were overlapping other links. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T183539] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.28|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 3 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 4 April. It will be on all wikis from 5 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] User subpages ending in <code dir=ltr>.json</code> will now be protected from other people editing them, like <code dir=ltr>.js</code> and <code dir=ltr>.css</code> pages already are. If you have a tool that stores static configuration, you can now use a subpage like <code>User:Example/mygadget.json</code> to do this without concerns. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T76554] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|Tidy will be replaced by RemexHtml]] on the next set of wikis. On April 4, we plan to turn off Tidy on all Wikiquotes (except frwikiquote) and Wikimedia chapters and user groups wikis. 23 wikis will have Tidy replaced this time. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-March/001821.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T188881][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190726] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] will transition to use [[mw:OOUI|OOUI]] starting April 4, and the rule editor will also be changed to a CodeEditor (ACE) similar to what is found on user JavaScript pages. The move to OOUI will continue over the next few weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132284] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T39192] * In Special:Preferences, the preference "{{int:tog-watchlistreloadautomatically}}" is now only visible for users who have opt-out the New Filters for the Watchlist. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T186277] * You can see names of individual abuse filters in [[Special:AbuseLog]]. Now if the name of an abuse filter contains some wikisyntax like links, it will not change to a link when displayed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T141670] * You can now search through filter patterns at [[Special:AbuseFilter]]. You may specify either a plain string or a [[:w:regular expression|regular expression]] and the matching filters will show a snippet of their pattern with the match highlighted. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T87455] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=04&day=03 3 April at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=04&month=04&year=2018 4 April at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * If you're using, creating or improving Lua modules, you can [[d:Wikidata:New convenience functions for Lua|give your feedback]] to help harmonizing the modules across wikis and add more useful functions. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] On April 11th, we plan to turn off Tidy on all wikis with less than 50 entries in all high priority linter categories. About 60 wikis will have Tidy replaced. Currently about 600 wikis have had Tidy replaced and we have another 300 wikis to go. We plan to finish this transition from Tidy to RemexHtml by end of June 2018. Please follow [[phab:T175706|T175706]] to monitor progress of [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|Tidy replacement]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190731][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-March/001821.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/14|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W14"/> 21:28, 2 april 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17894791 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/15|Tech News: 2018-15]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W15"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/15|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *Some pages have templates that describe problems with that article. There is now more information for mobile readers and what is wrong with the article and how they could help fix it. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues#Updates_to_the_page_issue_modal] *You can now thank users for many more actions than edits to a page. This was [[m:2017 Community Wishlist Survey/Miscellaneous/Allow %27thanks%27 notification for a log entry|one of the top ten requests in the Wishlist Survey]] last year. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T60485] * The sort order of categories will have errors for a short time starting Monday 9 April (UTC). We are upgrading versions of an internationalisation library (ICU) and using a script to update the database. This will take between a few hours and a few days depending on wiki size. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Technical Operations/ICU announcement|read more details]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T189295] * Tag filter titles will now work better on wikis where the tag filter title is in a language that is written in another direction than the language of that wiki. This could for example be an English title (written from left to right) on a Hebrew or an Arabic wiki (written from right to left). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190718] '''Problems''' *The bookmark icon for saved filters on the recent changes page disappeared because of new icon changes. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191366] *For a week in March rollbacks got both the <code>rollback</code> and the <code>undo</code> tag on the recent changes page and other pages where you see tags. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190374] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.29|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 10 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 11 April. It will be on all wikis from 12 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Patrolled edits now have three states instead of two. Recent changes filters are updated to show unpatrolled, autopatrolled and manually patrolled edits. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190408] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&min=30&sec=0&year=2018&month=04&day=10 10 April at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=11&month=04&year=2018 11 April at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The iOS and Android apps will get [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Synced Reading Lists|synced reading lists]] later in April. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/15|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W15"/> 20:08, 9 april 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17924500 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/16|Tech News: 2018-16]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W16"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/16|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * Profiling statistics for an [[mw:Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filter]] tell how often edits match the filter. The statistics for the abuse filters were reset after 10000 actions. Wikis can now decide to reset it more or less often. They can [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?tags=AbuseFilter file a phabricator task] to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132925] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:mw:Extension:AbuseFilter|Abuse filters]] will now treat integers and [[:en:Floating-point arithmetic|floats]] more precisely. For example, 5/2 was rounded down to 2 but will now be 2.5 and 2*4 will be the integer 8 and not the floating-point number 8.0. Division values are the only ones changed. For the rest only strict comparisons (<code>===</code> and <code>!==</code>) will be affected leaving the values unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191688][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:AbuseFilter/Rules_format#Arithmetic] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/wmf.30|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 April. It will be on all wikis from 19 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180417T1830 17 April at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180418T15 18 April at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[phab:T181084|new PDF renderer]] could not create PDFs from [[w:en:Wikipedia:Books|books]]. Books are in this case collections of pages on a Wikimedia wiki. [[w:en:PediaPress|PediaPress]] will take over development of the books-to-PDF function. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Reading/Web/PDF_Functionality] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] will no longer support Python 2.7.2 and 2.7.3. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191192] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Volunteer developers can fill out the [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_5ABs6WwrDHzAeLr?aud=DEV Wikimedia Communities and Contributors survey]. The last day is April 22 (UTC). This is a third-party service survey. See [[wmf:Community Engagement Insights 2018 Survey Privacy Statement|the privacy statement]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/16|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W16"/> 17:20, 16 april 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17931273 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/17|Tech News: 2018-17]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W17"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/17|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * All Wikipedias now have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|Page Previews]]. * The iOS and Android apps now have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Synced Reading Lists|synced reading lists]]. This means you can save articles to a private list that can be seen on your other devices if you use the apps. * The icons in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor|2010 wikitext editor]] have changed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191031] * The visual editor and the 2017 wikitext ask you to write an edit summary after you press <code>Publish</code>. This button now also shows an [[w:en:ellipsis|ellipsis]]. This is to show that pressing <code>Publish</code> is not the last step. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T189803] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 24 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 25 April. It will be on all wikis from 26 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180424T1830 24 April at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180425T15 25 April at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|<nowiki><mapframe></nowiki>]] will come to most Wikipedias in May. This means that you can put interactive maps in the articles. Nine Wikipedias that use a strict version of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|flagged revisions]] will not get this feature in May. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/User:JMatazzoni_(WMF)/mapframe-to-all-wikipedias-notice] * The rollback function could change. This was a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Rollback|German community request]]. All editors with rollback rights can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Rollback/Feedback round|leave feedback]] on the proposed solution. The last day to leave feedback is 4 May (UTC). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/17|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W17"/> 20:16, 23 april 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17965874 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/18|Tech News: 2018-18]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W18"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/18|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The parameter for unpatrolled edits in recent changes filters changed name. You might need to update saved filters and links. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190408] '''Problems''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|We are migrating wikis from Tidy to Remex]]. Because of a bug the 250 wikis which do not yet use Remex were switched on 23 April. This is two months early. This meant that pages with broken wikitext showed wrongly to readers. The bug was undone the next day. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What_will_editors_need_to_do.3F|help fix broken wikitext]] to avoid this problem when your wiki switches. Tidy will be removed on all wikis before July 2018. You can follow the process [[phab:T175706|on Phabricator]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T192855] '''Changes later this week''' * You will be able use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] on all wikis. CodeMirror helps with [[w:en:Syntax highlighting|syntax highlighting]]. It has previously been a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] and only available on wikis with scripts that are written from left to right. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191923] * When an administrator blocks someone they will have a calendar they can use to choose when the block ends. This is to make it easier to pick a specific date. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132220] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can soon turn on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:PerformanceInspector|Performance Inspector]] in the {{int:prefs-editing}} section in your preferences. It shows information about the [[w:en:Computer performance|performance]] of pages. This could be the size of modules in the page, how many CSS selectors are defined on the page and how many are used, or the size of the images on the page. This tool is intended to help editors fix pages that load slowly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T117411] *[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There is a new [[:mw:Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filter]] function called <code>equals_to_any</code>. You can use it to check if its first argument is equal (<code>===</code>) to any of the following ones. For example you can use it to check if the page's namespace is amongst a given set of values in a more compact way than you could earlier. You can [[mw:Extension:AbuseFilter/Rules format#Functions|read more on mediawiki.org]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 1 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 2 May. It will be on all wikis from 3 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180501T1830 1 May at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180502T15 2 May at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Cloud Services team|Wikimedia Cloud Services team]] is working on a new project called [[m:Toolhub|Toolhub]]. The goal is to make it easier for Wikimedians to discover software tools they can use. You can leave feedback on [[m:Talk:Toolhub|the talk page]] or email jhare{{@}}wikimedia.org to leave private feedback. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] All wikis with fewer than 100 high-priority linter errors in all namespaces will switch to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RemexHtml|Remex parsing library]]. This is [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|to replace Tidy]]. It will happen on 2 May. Other wikis will be recommended to switch soon when they have fixed the errors that must be fixed. Wikibooks wikis with fewer than 100 high-priority linter errors in the main namespace will switch on 9 May. Tidy will be removed on all wikis before July 2018. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T192821][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T192299][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What_will_editors_need_to_do.3F] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/18|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W18"/> 18:18, 30 april 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=17980974 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/19|Tech News: 2018-19]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W19"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/19|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Mobile app|Wikimedia Commons mobile app]] has a new version. It is now easier to find nearby places that need pictures. It helps you with direct uploads and title and category suggestions. The app only works on Android phones. [https://cookiesandcodeblog.wordpress.com/2018/04/21/commons-app-version-2-7-beta-release/] '''Problems''' *[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]] had a problem with blocks where you had changed how long they last. It used the default length everywhere. This was in late April. Abuse filter users should make sure the right block length is used and change them if needed. This is only for filters where how long blocks last had been changed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T193324] '''Changes later this week''' * The [[mw:Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|advanced search function beta feature]] will be on all Wikimedia wikis. It makes it easier to use some of the special search functions that most editors don't know exist. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T193182] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 8 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 9 May. It will be on all wikis from 10 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.31/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180508T1830 8 May at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180509T15 9 May at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] All wikis with fewer than 100 high-priority linter errors in the main namespace will switch to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RemexHtml|Remex parsing library]]. This is [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|to replace Tidy]]. It will happen on 16 May. Other wikis will switch soon when they have fixed the errors that must be fixed. Tidy will be removed on all wikis before July 2018. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T193685][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What_will_editors_need_to_do.3F] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/19|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W19"/> 18:27, 7 maj 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18001263 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/20|Tech News: 2018-20]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W20"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/20|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Dynamic maps]] are now available on most Wikipedias. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#Map_languages|Labels on maps]] can also be in different languages. * The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|Advanced Search]] interface is now available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] on all wikis. This makes it easier to learn about and to use many of the powerful options in our search. Feedback is appreciated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-May/001851.html] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 15 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 16 May. It will be on all wikis from 17 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180516T15 16 May at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * In the mobile view, warnings for when something is wrong with a page are not as clear as they should be. The developers are working on this. You can [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile Page Issues|give feedback and suggestions]]. * The developers are working on making the Wikipedia Android app available in more languages. You can give feedback, suggestions and help test it. [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Android/Multilingual Support|Read more on mediawiki.org]] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps#Android] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/20|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W20"/> 00:22, 15 maj 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18004437 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/21|Tech News: 2018-21]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W21"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/21|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 22 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 23 May. It will be on all wikis from 24 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180523T15 23 May at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * It could become easier to reference different pages of a book in an article. You can [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Book referencing/Call for feedback (May 2018)|give feedback]]. The last day for feedback is 27 May. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/21|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W21"/> 19:33, 21 maj 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18060878 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/22|Tech News: 2018-22]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W22"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/22|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:GlobalPreferences|global preferences]] on most wikis. This means you can set preferences for all wikis at the same time. Before this you had to change them on each individual wiki. Global preferences will come to the Wikipedias later this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T16950][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T189806#4221561] * It is now easier for blocked mobile users to see why they were blocked. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T165535] * Wikidata now supports [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Lexicographical data|lexicographical data]]. This helps describe words. * There is now a checkbox on [[Special:ListUsers|Special:ListUsers]] to let you see only users in temporary user groups. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T174313] * Some rare invisible Unicode characters have recently been banned from page titles. This includes soft hyphens (U+00AD) and left-to-right (U+2066) and right-to-left (U+2067) isolate markers. Existing pages with these characters will soon be moved by a script. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121979] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There's a new Wikimedia Foundation team to support the Wikimedia technical communities. It's called the Technical Engagement team. Most of the team members did similar work in other teams before this. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-May/090016.html] '''Problems''' * Some translatable pages are showing old translations instead of latest ones. The cause of this issue has been fixed. We will update all pages automatically to show the latest translations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T195347] '''Changes later this week''' * There will be a new special page named [[Special:PasswordPolicies|PasswordPolicies]]. This page gives information about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:$wgPasswordPolicy|password rules]] for each user group on that wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T174812] * A new way to see moved paragraphs in diffs is coming to most wikis. This is to make it easier to find the moved paragraphs and the changes in them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T195375] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 29 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 30 May. It will be on all wikis from 31 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Wikis can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|enable Citoid]] to provide automatic reference look-up in the visual editor and the 2017 wikitext editor. This is complex. The tool will now disable itself if the configuration isn't correct. It has warned about this in the JavaScript console since February. Check that your wiki is configured correctly. You can [[mw:Talk:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|ask for help]] if you need it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T186276] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180529T1830 29 May at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180530T15 30 May at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content Translation]] drafts which have not been updated in over a year will be removed. This allows other users to translate those articles. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T189088] * A survey is collecting information on what users think about how Wikimedia wiki pages are loaded. This information could be used in future development. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187299] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some wikis will switch to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RemexHtml|Remex parsing library]]. This is [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|to replace Tidy]]. It will happen on 30 May and 13 June. Wikis with fewer than 100 linter issues in the main namespace in all high-priority linter categories will switch. This includes Wikidata. Tidy will probably be removed on all wikis in the first week of July. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What_will_editors_need_to_do.3F][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T195263] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/22|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W22"/> 14:40, 29 maj 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18082338 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/23|Tech News: 2018-23]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W23"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/23|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook skin]] has been optimised for mobile devices. It now looks different. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T195625] * [[m:Planet Wikimedia|Planet Wikimedia]] collects blogs about Wikimedia. It will now use the [https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Rawdog Rawdog] [[w:en:News aggregator|feed aggregator]] to do this instead of [[w:en:Planet (software)|Planet]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T180498][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-May/090036.html] * Redirect links in [[Special:WhatLinksHere|Special:WhatLinksHere]] now link to the original page and not the target page. This was done earlier and changed the used messages on some pages. This was a problem for wikis that customized the message. A new change fixed this by using the old messages with one more parameter for customization. Wikis that already changed their customized messages will have to move the customization back again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T189860] '''Problems''' * You will not be able to edit some wikis between 06:00 and 06:30 UTC on 13 June. You can see if [[phab:T195487|your wiki is one of them]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|MassMessage]] did not work 24–28 May. This is also why last week's Tech News was late. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T195500] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 5 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 6 June. It will be on all wikis from 7 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180605T1830 5 June at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180606T15 6 June at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|new filters for edit review]] tools and interface for watchlists will leave [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta|beta]]. This is planned to happen in June or early July. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T181193][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T195993] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/23|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W23"/> 23:54, 4 juni 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18103288 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/24|Tech News: 2018-24]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W24"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/24|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * In [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|the Wikipedia app]] for Android or iOS users can create [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Synced Reading Lists|reading lists]]. The reading lists can be seen on different devices if you are logged in to your account. There is now a browser extension so you can add pages to your reading list from a web browser. At the moment it works with Firefox and Chrome. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Reading_list_browser_extension] *[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There is a new version of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]]. Pywikibot is a tool to automate tasks on MediaWiki wikis. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/pywikibot/2018-June/009842.html] '''Problems''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook skin]] was changed to make it work better for mobile users. This caused some problems. The change was rolled back to fix them. The new version is now back on the wikis. MonoBook users can opt out from the new responsive design. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T195625] '''Changes later this week''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|new filters for edit review]] tools and interface for watchlists will leave [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta|beta]]. For most wikis this will happen on 18 June. For the rest it will happen on 25 June. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T181193][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T195993] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 12 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 13 June. It will be on all wikis from 14 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * You can join the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Team|Readers Web team]] IRC office hour. There you can discuss tools to contribute on the mobile web for the existing MediaWiki skins. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180618T16 18 June at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IRC office hours|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180612T1830 12 June at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180613T15 13 June at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * You will be able to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE_Technical Wishes/Move files to Commons|move local wiki files to Commons]] and keep their original data intact. This is [[phab:T190716|planned to come]] to the first wikis in June. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/24|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W24"/> 23:55, 11 juni 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18115892 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/25|Tech News: 2018-25]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W25"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/25|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[w:en:Syntax highlighting|Syntax highlighting]] has been a beta feature on Wikimedia wikis with text written from left to right. It is now a normal feature. It is based on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T185030] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180619T1830 19 June at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180620T15 20 June at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Some old web browsers will not be able to read the Wikimedia wikis. This is because they use an insecure way to connect to them. This means that we get less security for everyone else too. This affects about 0.08% of all traffic to the Wikimedia wikis. This affects for example those who read Wikipedia on a [[w:en:PlayStation 3|PlayStation 3]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T147202][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T196371] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|new filters for edit review]] tools and interface for watchlists will leave [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta|beta]]. Because there is no new MediaWiki version this week it will happen on 25 June for most wikis. For the rest it will happen in early July. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T181193][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T195993] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] All wikis that have not already done so will switch to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RemexHtml|Remex parsing library]] on 5 July. This is [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|to replace Tidy]]. You [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-June/001867.html can help] fix remaining errors. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What_will_editors_need_to_do.3F] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/25|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W25"/> 23:47, 18 juni 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18136222 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/26|Tech News: 2018-26]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W26"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/26|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [https://paws.wmflabs.org PAWS], our JupyterHub system, got [[mw:PAWS/News/2018-06-21|an upgrade and a logo]]. Several bugs should be fixed. '''Problems''' * When a link text was in ''italics'' or had other formatting you could sometimes not edit it in the visual editor. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T197213][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T196914] '''Changes later this week''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content translation]] users who translate between any two of Arabic, English, French, Japanese and Russian will be asked to be part of a research project. This is to create better tools for translating articles. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T194467] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 26 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 27 June. It will be on all wikis from 28 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180626T1830 26 June at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180627T15 27 June at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/26|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W26"/> 01:10, 26 juni 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18154936 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/27|Tech News: 2018-27]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W27"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/27|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The database for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Tags|tags]] will be changed. This will happen on 2 July on French Wikipedia and 9 July on all other wikis. Please [[phab:T185355|report]] if recent changes get slower or you can't save edits. This could especially affect editors who use the database on ToolForge. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata-tech/2018-June/001283.html] '''Problems''' * Last week's MediaWiki update was rolled back. This was because of a database problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T198350] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180703T1830 3 July at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180704T15 4 July at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/27|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W27"/> 02:46, 3 juli 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18169586 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/28|Tech News: 2018-28]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W28"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/28|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[w:en:WebM|WebM video files]] have smaller file size but still be of the same quality. Creating WebM files will take longer time. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VP9_transition] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|new filters for edit review]] tools and interface for watchlists will leave [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta]]. This was supposed to already have happened but was delayed. For most wikis this will happen on 9 July. For the rest it will happen on 16 July. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T195993] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] All wikis now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RemexHtml|Remex parsing library]] instead of [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|Tidy]]. This could cause errors. You [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-June/001867.html can help] fix the errors. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Parsing/Replacing_Tidy/FAQ#What_will_editors_need_to_do.3F] '''Problems''' * When you rolled back an edit it could get both the <code>Rollback</code> and <code>Undo</code> tags. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190374] * Rollbacks from autopatrolled users were not marked as patrolled. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T198449] '''Changes later this week''' * When you edit a link in the visual editor there will be two separate buttons to change which page the link goes to (target) or its text (label). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T55973][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T124305] * On the mobile version you can find a link to an editor's contributions from their user page. Now this will work even if they haven't created a user page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T197581] * When you edit a discussion on the mobile version you sometimes get your signature automatically added. This will now not happen if you have already added a signature manually. This is to avoid double signatures. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T192725] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions|Structured discussions]] toolbars will have more style options. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T109123#4400917] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] When you look at Wikimedia code in [[w:en:Gerrit (software)|Gerrit]] there will be a new interface. It is on by default for new users. This is also true for developers. This is to make it easier to understand what is happening. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T196812] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 10 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 11 July. It will be on all wikis from 12 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180710T1830 10 July at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180711T15 11 July at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Today all administrators can edit [[w:en:CSS|CSS]] and [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] for the entire wiki. There will be a new user group for editing CSS and JavaScript. Administrators will no longer automatically be able to do this. This is because it is a security risk when all administrator accounts can edit JavaScript even if they never plan to or do not know how it works. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190015] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|Page previews]] will be on by default for new accounts. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-July/090297.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/28|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W28"/> 01:09, 10 juli 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18194890 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/29|Tech News: 2018-29]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W29"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/29|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now use [[mw:Help:Extension:GlobalPreferences|global preferences]] on Wikimedia wikis. You can set them on the [[Special:GlobalPreferences|global preferences page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T16950] * You can now see a new log of pages being created at [[Special:Log/create|Special:Log/create]]. It includes pages which are later deleted. It is now available on all Wikimedia wikis except Commons and Wikidata. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T12331] * You can see how many pageviews a wiki had from specific countries. The [https://stats.wikimedia.org/v2/#/en.wikipedia.org/reading/page-views-by-country/normal{{!}}map{{!}}2-Year~2016060100~2018071100{{!}}~total Wikistats2 maps] have now been updated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-July/090327.html] '''Changes later this week''' * Your watchlist will show changes from the last seven days instead of three. If you have already set a length preference it will not change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T194414] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from July 17. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from July 18. It will be on all wikis from July 19 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180717T1830 July 17 at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180718T15 July 18 at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Some articles have messages to readers about problems with the article. For example that it does not cite sources or might not be neutral. Readers do not see these messages on the mobile version. The developers now want to show them. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile Page Issues|read more and leave feedback]]. * You can use <code><nowiki><inputbox></nowiki></code> to create search boxes for specific pages. For example to search the archives of a community discussion page. Instead of <code><nowiki>prefix:Page name</nowiki></code> you will see a text that explains which pages are being searched. You can [[phab:T198318|read more and leave feedback]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/29|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W29"/> 18:00, 16 juli 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18215334 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/30|Tech News: 2018-30]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W30"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/30|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * When you log in to your account you can choose to keep being logged in. This checkbox now works better than before on the mobile version for users without JavaScript. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T196947] * Wikis that use [[mw:Citoid|Citoid]] can automatically generate citations for Swedish news sites. This only works in the visual editor. This now works for [[w:en:Sveriges radio|Swedish public service radio]]. More will come. Others could use this to add news sites in other languages in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187023] * Editors can do max 90 edits per minute. This is new since last month. This does not affect bots or administrators. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T56515] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2018-07-24|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2018-07-25|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2018-07-26|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180725T15 {{#time:j xg|2018-07-25|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/30|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W30"/> 11:44, 24 juli 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18233172 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/31|Tech News: 2018-31]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W31"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/31|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The design on [[Special:Log]] has changed. It will change again soon. Developers are working on fixing problems. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T117737] '''Problems''' * Deployment of 1.32.0-wmf.13 has been partially delayed. All deployments have been resumed and successfully done after bug fixes. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2018-July/000577.html][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2018-July/000585.html] * Deployment of 1.32.0-wmf.14 has been partially delayed. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2018-July/000587.html][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2018-July/000589.html] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2018-07-31|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2018-08-01|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2018-08-02|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180731T1830 {{#time:j xg|2018-07-31|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180801T15 {{#time:j xg|2018-08-01|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} at 15:00 (UTC)] as well as at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180801T23 23:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * After [[:m:special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|a community discussion]], a new group for users will be created. "[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|Interface administrators]]" will be the only users allowed to edit interface pages like [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] or [[MediaWiki:Common.js]]. This is done to avoid technical issues and improve security. That change will be effective by the end of August 2018. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/31|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W31"/> 16:05, 30 juli 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18237696 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/32|Tech News: 2018-32]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W32"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/32|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[Special:NewPages|Special:NewPages]] now has the [[mw:UX standardization|OOUI look]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T117739] '''Problems''' * The MediaWiki version that was released two weeks ago was late to some Wikimedia wikis. This was because of bugs. It was on all wikis 30 July. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20180724-Train][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/engineering/2018-July/000591.html] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 7 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 8 August. It will be on all wikis from 9 August. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180807T1830 7 August at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180808T15 8 August at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/32|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W32"/> 21:39, 6 august 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18277179 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/33|Tech News: 2018-33]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W33"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/33|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *<span title="Advanced item">[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]]</span> [[w:en:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] in templates can now be stored in a separate page on all wikis. This is called [[mw:Extension:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]]. This is to make it easier to edit how templates look. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-August/090481.html] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180814T1830 14 August at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180815T15 15 August at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The developers are planning more ways to block users. This could be blocking someone from just a page or a namespace. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community health initiative/Per-user page, namespace, and upload blocking|read more]]. You can leave feedback on the [[m:Talk:Community health initiative/Per-user page, namespace, and upload blocking|talk page]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2018-August/090842.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/33|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W33"/> 19:52, 13 august 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18292380 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/34|Tech News: 2018-34]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W34"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/34|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 21 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 22 August. It will be on all wikis from 23 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180822T15 22 August at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' *The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/2018 Community Wishlist Survey|2018 Community Wishlist Survey]] begins on 29 October. The survey decides what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on. You can post proposals from 29 October to 11 November. You can vote on proposals from 16 November to 30 November. *[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Manual:$wgLegacyJavaScriptGlobals|Legacy JavaScript global variables]] have been deprecated for seven years. They will soon be removed from all wikis. Gadgets and scripts that use them will stop working. You can test your community's gadgets on "group0" wikis. For example [[testwiki:Main Page|Test Wikipedia]] or [[mw:MediaWiki|mediawiki.org]]. The legacy JavaScript global variables are already disabled there. You can [[mw:ResourceLoader/Migration guide (users)#Global wg variables|read the migration guide]] to fix old scripts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T72470] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/34|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W34"/> 18:46, 20 august 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18310555 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/35|Tech News: 2018-35]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W35"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/35|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now see moved paragraphs in diffs in the mobile view. It also works on all languages in the desktop view. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T199800] * Bureaucrats on all Wikimedia wikis can now remove the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface admin]] user right. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T202298] '''Problems''' * Some diffs show lines in the wrong order. The developers are working on fixing it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T197157] '''Changes later this week''' * The message you see when you thank a user will change. This is to make it easier to understand. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T159302] * [[w:en:Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] will stop adding <code>using AWB</code> in the edit summary. Instead it will add a [[Special:Tags|tag]] that says <code>AWB</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T111663] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filter]] variables have changed. They are now easier to understand for non-experts. The old variables will still work but filter editors are encouraged to replace them with the new ones. You can find the list of changed variables [[mw:Extension:AbuseFilter/Rules format#Variables|on mediawiki.org]]. They have a note which says <code>Deprecated. Use ... instead</code>. An example is <code>article_text</code> which is now <code>page_title</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T173889] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Abuse filters can now use how old a page is. The variable is <code>page_age</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T30844] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 28 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 29 August. It will be on all wikis from 30 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180828T1830 28 August at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180829T15 29 August at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Because of a data centre test you will be able to read but not edit the wikis for up to an hour on 12 September and 10 October. This will start at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=14&min=00&sec=0&day=12&month=09&year=2018 14:00 (UTC)]. You might lose edits if you try to save during this time. The time when you can't edit might be shorter than an hour. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|You can read more about this]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/35|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W35"/> 18:15, 27 august 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18330273 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/36|Tech News: 2018-36]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W36"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/36|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a new user right for users who can edit [[w:en:CSS|CSS]] and [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] for the entire wiki. Before this all admins could edit CSS and JavaScript. This was a security risk. This group is called [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface administrators]]. Administrators can delete user CSS and JavaScript pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190015][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T200176] * There will be an [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] on the Wikipedia mobile website. It starts this week. It tests how we show templates that show information about an article. The test will last two weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T200792][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues] * You can now use different CSS rules for different skins when you edit templates. This is because of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T197617] * <code>wp10</code> in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ORES|ORES]] is now called <code>articlequality</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T196240] * When you get a new message on your talk page you get a yellow message in the toolbar. The preference to show or not show this has been removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T58845] '''Problems''' * [[c:Commons:Upload Wizard|UploadWizard]] had problems with [[mw:Extension:UploadWizard/Campaigns|campaigns]]. Users could not upload files. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T202760] * You can get a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications|notification]] when a link is made to a page you created. This has not worked since June. It was fixed last week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T200119] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 4 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 5 September. It will be on all wikis from 6 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180905T15 5 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers|Readers department]] will work on advanced mobile editing. You can [[c:File:Wikimedia Foundation Readers Roadmap Review - 2018-08-27.pdf|read more]] about this and other things they plan to work on over the next year. You can also [[c:File:Wikimedia Foundation Readers Roadmap Review - 27 August 2018.webm|see the presentation]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Keegan (WMF)/RelatedSites2|The RelatedSites extension]] will be removed from Wikivoyage. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Unused projects on the [[wikitech:Portal:Cloud VPS|Wikimedia Cloud virtual private server]] will [[wikitech:Cloud VPS 2018 Purge|be removed]]. This will happen in October. Projects can be marked if they are being used. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-August/090735.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/36|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W36"/> 18:47, 3 septembar 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18344596 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/37|Tech News: 2018-37]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W37"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/37|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * When you added or edited a template with the visual editor the input boxes were very big. This has been fixed. The input boxes will now be smaller until you click on them. Then they will change size to fit the text. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T200834] '''Problems''' * Some diffs showed lines in the wrong order. This was fixed last week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T197157] * Marking a cross-wiki notification as read didn't work every time. The other wiki was not updated. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121930] * <code><nowiki><maplink></nowiki></code> did not work for a few days. This was because of a bug. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T203427] * <code><nowiki>{{subst:REVISIONUSER}}</nowiki></code> is used by some templates. For a period edits saved with <code><nowiki>{{subst:REVISIONUSER}}</nowiki></code> would save the previous user's name and not your username. This is now fixed. Edits made before the bug was fixed will still be wrong and need to be corrected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T203583] * When you move a page the title still shows the old page name. The developers are working on fixing this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T203661] '''Changes later this week''' * Because of a data centre test you will be able to read but not edit the wikis for up to an hour on 12 September and 10 October. This will start at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=14&min=00&sec=0&day=12&month=09&year=2018 14:00 (UTC)]. You might lose edits if you try to save during this time. The time when you can't edit might be shorter than an hour. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|You can read more about this]]. * Because of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|the data centre test]] there will be no new version of MediaWiki this week. Changes for this week will come next week instead. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] You can join the next meeting with the Editing team. During the meeting, you can tell developers which bugs you think are the most important. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180911T1830 11 Septmber at 18:30 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Editing team/Weekly triage meetings|how to join]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180912T15 12 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Team|The developers]] work on making the wikis work better on mobile phones. There is a list [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for mobile friendly articles|of common problems when making content easier to read in the mobile view]]. You can add things to the page and ask others to help. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/37|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W37"/> 00:35, 11 septembar 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18369657 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/38|Tech News: 2018-38]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W38"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/38|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Mobile app|Wikimedia Commons mobile app]] has a new version. Images uploaded using Nearby are now automatically added to the associated Wikidata item. You can browse other images on Commons. You can see your achievements and your upload statistics. It has also fixed some bugs. [https://cookiesandcodeblog.wordpress.com/2018/08/10/commons-app-version-2-8-beta/] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki web requests now have a time limit of 60 seconds for GET requests and 200 seconds for POST requests. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T97192] '''Problems''' * You could not see the menu on the notifications page on the mobile version. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T192475] '''Changes later this week''' *[[Special:AncientPages|Special:AncientPages]] can hide disambiguation pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T76287] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 18 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 19 September. It will be on all wikis from 20 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180919T15 19 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Team|The developers]] are testing new mobile web navigation. You can [[mw:Reading/Web/Advanced_mobile contributions/Navigation prototype feedback|use it and give feedback]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/38|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W38"/> 23:58, 17 septembar 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18389264 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/39|Tech News: 2018-39]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W39"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/39|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * The [[Special:Preferences|preferences form]] will change to use the standard look. If you see any problems please [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/3/?projects=ui-standardization,mediawiki-special-pages report them on Phabricator]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T117781] *[[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 25 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 26 September. It will be on all wikis from 27 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20180926T15 26 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/39|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W39"/> 17:23, 24 septembar 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18408633 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/40|Tech News: 2018-40]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W40"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/40|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Ordinary pages can no longer be loaded as [[w:en:JavaScript|javascript]]. You could do this using <code dir=ltr>?action=raw&ctype=text/javascript</code> in the [[w:en:URL|URL]]. Only fully protected pages in the MediaWiki: namespace or user javascript subpages can be loaded as javascript now. This is for better security. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-September/001955.html][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-September/090882.html] '''Problems''' * New and updated translations from [[:en:w:translatewiki.net|translatewiki.net]] will not reach the wikis for a while. You can still translate messages on translatewiki.net. The Wikimedia wikis will be updated with the new translations later. This is because of work on the translation system. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-September/001951.html][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-September/090882.html] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 2 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 3 October. It will be on all wikis from 4 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181003T15 3 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. * You can join the meeting with the Wikimedia Foundation Search Platform team. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181003T15 3 October at 15:00 UTC]. See [[m:IRC office hours#Upcoming office hours|how to join]] if you want to know how the search function works or have questions. '''Future changes''' * Because of a data centre test you will be able to read but not edit the wikis for up to an hour on 10 October. This will start at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=14&min=00&sec=0&day=10&month=10&year=2018 14:00 (UTC)]. You might lose edits if you try to save during this time. The time when you can't edit might be shorter than an hour. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018 2|You can read more about this]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/40|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W40"/> 19:34, 1 oktobar 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18433392 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/41|Tech News: 2018-41]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W41"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/41|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Education Program|Education Program extension]] was removed from all Wikimedia projects. You can use the [https://outreachdashboard.wmflabs.org/ Programs and Events Dashboard] or the [https://tools.wmflabs.org/fountain/editathons/ Fountain] instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T125618] '''Problems''' * There was a problem when you copied and pasted from a table with the visual editor. It could add <code>href</code> where it shouldn't be. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108506] '''Changes later this week''' * Because of a data centre test you will be able to read but not edit the wikis for up to an hour on 10 October. This will start at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=14&min=00&sec=0&day=10&month=10&year=2018 14:00 (UTC)]. You might lose edits if you try to save during this time. The time when you can't edit might be shorter than an hour. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|You can read more about this]]. * Because of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|the data centre test]] there will be no new version of MediaWiki this week. Changes for this week will come next week instead. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181010T15 10 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/41|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W41"/> 01:38, 9 oktobar 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18453674 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/42|Tech News: 2018-42]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W42"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/42|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Some pages, edits and users disappeared for a short while after the [[m:Tech/Server switch 2018|server switch]]. Missing content and users was fixed within a day. Some preferences and other things might take a few more days to fix. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T206743] * Wikis are updated with new and updated translations from [[m:translatewiki.net|translatewiki.net]] again. This will happen once a week. The developers are working on fixing the problem so we can have translation updates more often again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/phame/post/view/121/translationwiki.net_security_incident/] '''Changes later this week''' * When you create an abuse filter that prevents edits you can now write a specific error message for it. Before this all abuse filters that prevented edits had the same error message. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T27086] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 16 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 17 October. It will be on all wikis from 18 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.32/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * There will be no more meetings with the Editing team. This is because not enough Wikimedians were interested. To tell developers which bugs you think are the most important you can use [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/ Phabricator] as normal. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Editing_team/Weekly_triage_meetings] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181017T15 17 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/42|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W42"/> 00:40, 16 oktobar 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18470532 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/43|Tech News: 2018-43]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W43"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/43|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 23 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 24 October. It will be on all wikis from 25 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181024T15 24 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|Community Wishlist Survey]] begins on 29 October. The survey decides what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on. You can post proposals from 29 October to 11 November. You can vote on proposals from 16 November to 30 November. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/43|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W43"/> 01:11, 23 oktobar 2018 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18491932 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/44|Tech News: 2018-44]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W44"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/44|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can post proposals for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|Community Wishlist Survey]]. The survey decides what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on. You can post proposals until 11 November. You can vote on proposals from 16 November to 30 November. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The wikis now have a [[:w:en:Content Security Policy|content security policy report]]. This means that you might get a warning in your javascript console when you load external resources in your user scripts. For security reasons it is recommended that you don't do this. It might not be possible to load external resources in your scripts in the future. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-October/001994.html] '''Problems''' * Your watchlist can show which changes you have already seen. This did not work for a few days. It has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T207472] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 30 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 31 October. It will be on all wikis from 1 November ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The 2006 wikitext editor is no longer available. It will be removed from [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|Special:Preferences]]. It has not been the standard editor for a long time. It was replaced by the [[mw:Extension:WikiEditor|2010 wikitext editor]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Contributors/Projects/Removal_of_the_2006_wikitext_editor][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T30856] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181031T15 31 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/44|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W44"/> 21:08, 29 oktobar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18519160 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/45|Tech News: 2018-45]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W45"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/45|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:TemplateWizard|TemplateWizard]] to edit templates. This works only with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor|2010 wikitext editor]] and not in the visual editor or the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]]. If you click on [[File:OOjs UI icon puzzle-ltr.svg|17px|link=|Puzzle icon]] you can enter the information in a pop-up. You can turn on TemplateWizard in your beta feature preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T202545] '''Changes later this week''' * You can choose to see edit conflicts in a two-column view. This is a beta feature. You can find it in your preferences. The interface for the two-column edit conflict will change. You can [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts#Solution: Solving edit conflicts line by line (new beta feature)|read more]]. * When you edit with the visual editor you can use the "Automatic" citation tab. This helps you generate citations. You will now be able to write plain text citations or the title of a journal article or a book in this tab. This will search the [[:w:en:Crossref|Crossref]] and [[:w:en:WorldCat|WorldCat]] databases and add the top result. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T198567] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 6 November. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 7 November. It will be on all wikis from 8 November ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181107T15 7 November at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/45|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W45"/> 18:29, 5 novembar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18540415 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/46|Tech News: 2018-46]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W46"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/46|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Some old mobile browsers can use the watchlist again. This has not worked for a while. These browsers are called [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility#Basic (Grade_C)|grade C browsers]]. This helps for example Windows Phone 8.1 with Internet Explorer and Lumia 535 with Windows 10. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T196893] '''Problems''' * You can choose to see edit conflicts in a two-column view. This is a beta feature. You can find it in your preferences. Users who use this view saw the edit conflict resolution page when they wanted to see a preview. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T208840][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T209012][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T209036] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 13 November. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 14 November. It will be on all wikis from 15 November ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181114T15 14 November at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * You can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|content translation]] tool to translate articles. The developers are working on [[mw:Content translation/V2|a new version]]. One of the changes will be a maintenance category. Articles where users add a lot of text from machine translation without changing it will be in that category. This is so the community can review it. The users will also have been warned before they publish the article that it has a lot of unchanged text from machine translations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T190798] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/46|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W46"/> 20:21, 12 novembar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18568837 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/47|Tech News: 2018-47]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W47"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/47|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can vote on proposals in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2019|Community Wishlist Survey]]. The survey decides what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on. You can vote until 30 November. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There is an [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] for <code>sameAs</code> data. This is to make it easier to find the right information with a search engine. This changes the [[:w:en:Metadata|metadata]] for a wiki page. It doesn't change how the page looks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T209306] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181121T15 21 November at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The Wikimedia wikis use templates to show readers there are problems with the content on some pages. For example if there are no sources or the page needs to be rewritten. The mobile website will soon show more information when you use these templates. Some templates may need to be updated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-November/091113.html] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Education Program|Education Program extension]] was removed from all Wikimedia projects. The [[:w:en:Table (database)|database tables]] used by the extension will be archived. This will happen in a month. If you want the information on your wiki you should move it to a normal wiki page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T174802] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/47|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W47"/> 00:28, 20 novembar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18611020 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/48|Tech News: 2018-48]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W48"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/48|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * On wikis with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Translate|translatable pages]] you could create a mess when you moved a page that had translatable subpages. A subpage is when you use <code>/</code> to create a new page: <code>/wiki/Page/Subpage</code>. The subpages would be moved but not the translations. The subpages are no longer automatically be moved. This is to make it safer to move pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T114592] '''Changes later this week''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|advanced search interface]] will be available by default on all Wikimedia wikis. It makes it easier to use some of the special search functions that most editors don't know exist. It's already active on German, Farsi, Arabic and Hungarian Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T193182] * [[Special:UnusedCategories|Special:UnusedCategories]] show empty categories with no files or other categories. You can soon choose to not show soft redirect categories or some maintenance categories there. You can do this with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words|magic word]] <code><nowiki>__EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__</nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T96041] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 27 November. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 28 November. It will be on all wikis from 29 November ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181128T16 28 November at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The <code>mw.util.jsMessage()</code> function was deprecated in 2012. It will be removed next week. [[:w:en:Wikipedia:Reporting JavaScript errors|Look for the warning]] <code>Use of "mw.util.jsMessage" is deprecated</code> in the JavaScript console to know if you use an affected script or gadget. If you are a gadget maintainer you should check if your JavaScript code contains <code>mw.util.jsMessage</code>. There is a [[mw:ResourceLoader/Migration guide (users)#mw.util.jsMessage|migration guide]]. It explains how to use <code>mw.notify</code> instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T193901] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/48|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W48"/> 23:21, 26 novembar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18638702 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/49|Tech News: 2018-49]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W49"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/49|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Admins will not be able to unblock themselves if they are blocked by someone other than themselves. This is because it can cause damage if someone else takes over an admin account and other admins can't block them. If this is a problem for your community you can [[phab:T150826|report it on Phabricator]]. You can also ask questions [[m:Tech|on Meta]]. There is a discussion [[phab:T150826|on Phabricator]] about how to solve this if two admins fight with each other on a small wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150826] * Small [[:w:en:Scalable Vector Graphics|SVG images]] are now bigger when you see them in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:MediaViewer|MediaViewer]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T71237] * You can go to a section from the edit summary by clicking on the section name. Before this you had to click on the arrow. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T165189] * When you jumped to a footnote that was referenced several times in an article it could be difficult to see where you were in the text. Now there are jump marks and highlights to help you find your way back. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Footnote_highlighting][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T194511] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181205T23 5 December at 16:00 (UTC)] and [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181205T23 at 23:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/49|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W49"/> 17:12, 3 decembar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18671340 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/50|Tech News: 2018-50]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W50"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/50|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 11 December. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 12 December. It will be on all wikis from 13 December ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181212T16 12 December at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * New accounts will need passwords that are at least 8 characters long. Admins, interface admins, bureaucrats, oversighters, CentralNotice admins, global renamers, check users, stewards and some other user groups will need passwords that are at least 10 characters long. This is because an attacker could cause damage to the wikis if they took over these accounts. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Security_Team/Password_strengthening_2019][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Password_policy] * When you hover over a footnote it will show you the reference as a pop-up. This is so you don't have to jump down to the bottom of the page to see a reference. This will happen in 2019. Some wikis already have gadgets that do this. You will be able to turn it off. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/50|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W50"/> 18:33, 10 decembar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18699559 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/51|Tech News: 2018-51]] == <section begin="technews-2018-W51"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/51|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * Because of the [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|holidays]] the next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 7 January 2019. '''Recent changes''' * Some templates that show notices about the content of the page will now be shown on the mobile website. In many cases they were hidden before. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T210553] * Admins can no longer unblock themselves, except for self-blocks. A blocked admin can block the user who blocked them but no one else. This is so no one can block all admins on a wiki without being stopped. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150826] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration extension]] has been removed. It compared the result of two versions of the MediaWiki wikitext parsing pipeline. It was used when we moved to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RemexHtml|Remex parsing library]] instead of [[mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|Tidy]]. '''Problems''' * <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code> tags can use parameters such as "name" or "group". For example <code><nowiki><ref name="adams" group="books"></nowiki></code>. If a <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code> tag has more than two parameters all parameters are ignored. You don't get a warning that they don't work. This will soon be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T211576] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 18 December. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 19 December. It will be on all wikis from 20 December ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20181219T16 19 December at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Android app team]] are working on making it easier to edit on mobile phones. You can [[mw:Android editing features|read more]] about these plans. If you have an Android phone and speak at least two languages you can help testing in English. Tell [[:m:User:Dchen (WMF)|Dchen (WMF)]] you want to be part of the testing by writing on her talk page or email her. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] <code>tiles.wmflabs.org</code> and <code>wma.wmflabs.org</code> will stop working. They have no maintainers and run an old operating system. Tools which use it could stop working. This includes [[:w:en:Mapnik|the mapnik gadget]], hill shading, and hike and bike layers. New maintainers could help out and keep it going. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2018-December/091216.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2018/51|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2018-W51"/> 21:34, 17 decembar 2018 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18718987 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/02|Tech News: 2019-02]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W02"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/02|Translations]] are available. ''Tech News writers, editors and translators wish you a pleasant 2019 year.'' '''Recent changes''' * RelatedSites extension has been undeployed. It was used to create interwiki links on Wikivoyage, now handled by Wikidata. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T128326] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] MediaWiki logstash logging is moving to a new infrastructure. This is an ongoing deployment. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Logging_infrastructure_design_document.pdf] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [https://codesearch.wmflabs.org codesearch.wmflabs.org] has been updated, with new and updated repositories and a new search options for code. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2019-January/002045.html] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] On several wikis, an account named "{{int:abusefilter-blocker}}" has been created on December 17 to perform some technical maintenance on AbuseFilter. This account has sysop rights but it's a system user and no human can use it. The account already existed on wikis where AbuseFilter can perform blocks, which are issued using this account. See [[:phabricator:T212268|T212268]] for more information and future plans. '''Problems''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] In [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]], the "{{int:abusefilter-action-throttle}}" action takes three parameters: count, period and groups. They must now strictly respect the requirements listed [[:mw:Extension:AbuseFilter/Actions#Throttling|on mediawiki.org]]. A list of broken filters is [[:phabricator:P7956|on Phabricator]]. If you're familiar with AbuseFilter, please take a look and fix them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T209565] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from January 8. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from January 9. It will be on all wikis from January 10 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * Search Platform Office Hours is rescheduled to January 9. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-January/091280.html Check the details] for time and date. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/02|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W02"/> 19:29, 7 januar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18759682 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/03|Tech News: 2019-03]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W03"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/03|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now use [[:w:en:Google Translate|Google Translate]] in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|content translation tool]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T90208][https://wikimediafoundation.org/2019/01/09/you-can-now-use-google-translate-to-translate-articles-on-wikipedia/] * You can now add [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:File captions|captions]] to files on Commons. Captions are short descriptions of the file. They can be translated to all languages we use. They can't use wikitext markup. * Earlier a [[:w:en:Attribute (computing)|quoted HTML attribute]] had to be followed by a space. Now it doesn't. This means that some pages could look different when you save them even if you didn't edit that part of the text. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Topic:Uqhg1it7nojfnjfg][https://github.com/wikimedia/mediawiki/commit/59bb8864a23f3df120789c7619ef07acefa27b9c] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Templates with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateStyles|<nowiki><templatestyles></nowiki>]] could not show the difference between the live template and the [[w:en:Sandbox (software development)|sandbox]] version when they were tested. This has now been fixed. <nowiki><templatestyles></nowiki> has a new <code>wrapper</code> parameter now. You can use it for selectors like <code dir="ltr">.mw-parser-output <nowiki><wrapper parameter value> <selector from CSS page></nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T200441] '''Problems''' * When you see an edit in the recent changes feed or in the history of a page some of them have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tags|tags]]. Some tags are added automatically. You can also add tags manually. Tags for edits that have been added manually can be edited. This didn't work for a little while. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T212703] '''Changes later this week''' *You can move files from your wiki to Wikimedia Commons and keep the file history with the new [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Move files to Commons|FileExporter]]. It will be a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] on all wikis from 16 January. If you want to test it you [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|activate it]] and check [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Move files to Commons/Configuration file documentation|your wiki's configuration file]]. * Users who could cause more damage to the wikis if someone took over their account have to have more secure passwords. This includes administrators and other user groups. They can't use passwords that are in a list of common passwords. Accounts with common passwords are easy to take over. The list of common passwords was made longer a few weeks ago and has a different error message. Some user groups have been added to those who can't use common passwords. This is to protect all accounts with user rights that could cause damage. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/operations/mediawiki-config/+/481115/] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] variable <code>minor_edit</code> has been removed. It was deprecated in 2016. Now you can't use it. You can fix the filters using it. You can find them if you use the search bar on [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from January 15 <section end="technews-2019-W03"/> 18:54, 14 januar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18781471 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/04|Tech News: 2019-04]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W04"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/04|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * Some people did not get last week's issue of Tech News. This was because of a problem with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|MassMessage]]. If you did not get last week's issue, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/03|read it on Meta]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T213942] '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|content translation tool]] can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/V2|version 2]] as the default version for users who turned on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]]. For example it adds the tracking category <code>{{int:cx-unreviewed-translation-category}}</code> to translations that might have used machine translations without fixing the problems. This is so others can find them. You can find this category in <code>Special:TrackingCategories</code> on Wikipedias. * [https://mediawiki2latex-large.wmflabs.org https://mediawiki2latex-large.wmflabs.org] can now convert collects of up to 800 pages to [[:w:en:PDF|PDF]], [[:w:en:EPUB|EPUB]] or [[:w:en:OpenDocument|ODT]]. Previously this was 200 pages. '''Problems''' * When a template was edited with the visual editor, it would sometimes put all information on one line. This makes it difficult to read for editors who use the wikitext editor. It also makes it more difficult to see what happened in a diff. This problem affected edits made between 8 and 17 January and is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T213922] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|MassMessage]] is used to post a message to many pages. It has not been working reliably. Some messages have not been posted to everyone. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T213942][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139380] * Because of a database problem that had to be fixed immediately you could not edit most wikis for a couple of minutes on 17 January (UTC). This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T213858] '''Changes later this week''' * You will be able to use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateStyles|template styles]] in the <code>Module</code> namespace. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T200914] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 22 January. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 23 January. It will be on all wikis from 24 January ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190123T16 23 January at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/04|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W04"/> 21:33, 21 januar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_targets/1&oldid=18802322 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/05|Tech News: 2019-05]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W05"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/05|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The Wikimedia servers use [[:w:en:HHVM|HHVM]] to run the [[:w:en:PHP|PHP]] code. They are [[mw:Wikimedia Technology/Annual Plans/FY2019/TEC4: PHP7 Migration/Goals|going to use PHP7]] and stop using HHVM. You can test PHP7 with a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features/PHP7|new beta feature]]. That way you can [[mw:Talk:Beta Features/PHP7|help find and report]] problems. '''Problems''' * When someone moves a page to a name that already exists that page that had the name the article is moved to is deleted. For a couple of months this didn't always work. Some users saw an error message instead. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T210739] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190130T16 30 January at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/05|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W05"/> 19:14, 28 januar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18821217 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/06|Tech News: 2019-06]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W06"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/06|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * It was easy to untick a box by accident in [[Special:Preferences|Special:Preferences]]. This will now be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T213517] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 5 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 6 February. It will be on all wikis from 7 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190206T16 6 February at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/06|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W06"/> 18:11, 4 februar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18846213 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/07|Tech News: 2019-07]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W07"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/07|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can use the <code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for mobile friendly articles on Wikimedia wikis#Making page issues (ambox templates) mobile friendly|ambox]]</code> [[:w:en:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] class to show page issues to mobile readers. When you use <code>ambox</code> there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for mobile friendly articles on Wikimedia wikis#Making page issues (ambox templates) mobile friendly|classes]] you can use. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 12 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 13 February. It will be on all wikis from 14 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190213T16 13 February at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/07|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W07"/> 19:45, 11 februar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18862544 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/08|Tech News: 2019-08]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W08"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/08|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * When you [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Thanks|thank]] someone on the mobile web you will now have two seconds to cancel the thank. This is in case you clicked on the thank button by accident. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T63737] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 19 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 20 February. It will be on all wikis from 21 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190220T16 20 February at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * There is a proposal to add a red link to mobile search results if there is no page with that name. This is how it works on desktop. You can [[mw:Talk:Readers/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|leave feedback]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T211006] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/08|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W08"/> 00:13, 19 februar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18883065 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/09|Tech News: 2019-09]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W09"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/09|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a [https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewSoftware?id=324715238&mt=8 new version] of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS FAQ|iOS Wikipedia app]]. It has for example [[:w:en:Syntax highlighting|syntax highlighting]] and new toolbars to make it easier to write wikitext. It also has night mode, a find-on-page function and other things. You can [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps|give feedback and suggestions]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Editing_program] '''Changes later this week''' * When you look at your watchlist or the recent changes page you can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|new filters for edit review]]. There you can choose tags to filter different edits. Empty tags will no longer be shown. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T182219] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 26 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 27 February. It will be on all wikis from 28 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190227T16 27 February at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android will invite users to add Wikidata descriptions to Wikidata objects that have Wikipedia articles but no Wikidata descriptions. It will only invite users who have added a number of Wikidata descriptions in the app without being reverted. This is to avoid spam and bad edits. You can [[mw: Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks|read more]] and [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks|leave feedback]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/09|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W09"/> 22:16, 25 februar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18898106 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/10|Tech News: 2019-10]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W10"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/10|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 5 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 6 March. It will be on all wikis from 7 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190306T16 6 March at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * You can [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Participant group sign-up|give feedback]] on the future of talk pages. * The mobile website will use the standard [[:w:en:Font|fonts]] on your computer or phone instead of a generic font. This will make it easier to read text in many scripts. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Design/Projects/Improve_mobile_reading_experience][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T175877] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/10|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W10"/> 17:37, 4 mart 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18912959 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/11|Tech News: 2019-11]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W11"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/11|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Pages can use [[:wikidata:Property:P625|geocoordinates]] from Wikidata with the <code>mw.wikibase.entity:formatStatements</code> [[w:Lua (programming language)|Lua]] function or the <code>#statements</code> [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parser functions|parser function]]. If they do, they will now be shown using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#<maplink>|a Kartographer <code><maplink></code>]] if the wiki can use Kartographer. You can report bugs or ask questions [[phab:T210926|on Phabricator]]. * There is now an [[:wikitech:EventStreams|EventStream]] to see when [https://stream.wikimedia.org/?doc#!/Streams/get_v2_stream_page_links_change links are added or removed] on Wikimedia wikis. You can read the [[phab:T115119|discussions and plans]]. '''Problems''' * Some wikis will not be able to edit for a short period of time on 19 March ([[:w:en:Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]). This will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190319T15 15:00 UTC]. It will last up to 15 minutes but probably shorter. You can [[phab:T217441|see the list of affected wikis]]. This is because of network maintenance. You can still read the wikis. * Editors who use Firefox to edit with the visual editor had a problem with copying text. When they tried to select text that included footnotes, templates or block images in the middle they would often only get part of the text. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214976] * Some maps didn't work for a while on 8 March. This has been fixed. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20190308-wdqs][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217898] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 12 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 13 March. It will be on all wikis from 14 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190313T16 13 March at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/11|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W11"/> 20:28, 11 mart 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18925338 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/12|Tech News: 2019-12]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W12"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/12|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * When you use [[:m:Help:Reverting#Advanced features|rollback]] you will be able to get a confirmation prompt on most wikis. It asks you if you wanted to do the rollback. This is to avoid misclicks. You will have to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|opt in]] to get it. On German Wikipedia it will be an opt-out feature from 28 March. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T199534][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Rollback] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 19 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 20 March. It will be on all wikis from 21 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190320T16 20 March at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Admins will be able to block someone from editing a page or a namespace. This already works on a few Wikimedia wikis. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community health initiative/Partial blocks|read more]]. If your wiki wants to be an early tester of this, you can [[m:Talk:Community health initiative/Partial blocks|tell the developers]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2018-August/090842.html] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:wikitech:Help:Toolforge|Toolforge]] will [[:wikitech:News/Toolforge Trusty deprecation|shut down the Ubuntu Trusty job grid]]. This will happen the week of 25 March. Tools that use this grid needs to be moved to the new Debian Stretch job grid. If they haven't, they will be taken offline. Maintainers can restart the tools later. Users may not be able to use them in the meanwhile. You can see a [[:toolforge:trusty-tools/|list of affected tools]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/12|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W12"/> 20:43, 18 mart 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18939566 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/13|Tech News: 2019-13]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W13"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/13|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/V2|new version of the content translation tool]] will be used for all new translations. The older version will still be used for translations that were started with it. Most users won’t see any change. More than 80% of the published translations are already using the new version. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T212646] '''Problems''' * There was a problem with editing with [[:w:en:Safari (web browser)|Safari]] on [[:w:en:IOS|iOS]]. When you wrote an edit summary you couldn't save the edit. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T218352] * The editing toolbar sometimes disappears when you scroll on [[:w:en:IOS|iOS]] devices. This will be fixed soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T218414] * Wikis can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:System message|over-ride interface messages]] on-wiki. A problem meant that sometimes an old versions of any changed messages were shown instead. This included the sitenotice and other important parts of the interface. This was fixed at around 2019-03-22 16:00 (UTC). Logged-out users may still get the wrong message. Purging the page should fix it for them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T218918] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 26 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 27 March. It will be on all wikis from 28 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190327T16 27 March at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/13|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W13"/> 19:04, 25 mart 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18947493 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/14|Tech News: 2019-14]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W14"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/14|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications|Notifications]] tell you about things that happen on the wiki. You can turn on notifications about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications/Notifications_types#echo-category-title-article-linked|new links to pages you created]]. For performance reasons you can no longer get e-mails about this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219444] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 2 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 3 April. It will be on all wikis from 4 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190403T16 3 April at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/14|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W14"/> 18:28, 1 april 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18980992 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/15|Tech News: 2019-15]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W15"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/15|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * More wikis are now testing visual editor section editing for mobile users. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor on mobile/Section editing|read more]]. * Admins on French and Polish Wikipedia can [[m:Community health initiative/Partial blocks|block someone from editing a page or a namespace]]. If your wiki wants to get these blocks before they are available to all wikis, you can [[m:Talk:Community health initiative/Partial blocks|tell the developers]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219327][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219218] '''Problems''' * You will be able read but not edit most wikis for 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190411T05 11 April at 05:00 (UTC)]. This is because of a hardware problem. You can [[phab:T220080|see a list of the affected wikis]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-April/091900.html] * A map update caused some problems on 29 March and 30 March. It was rolled back. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217087] * Pages on some Wikivoyages had problems with the top headline. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T97891#5079408] '''Changes later this week''' * When you add an edit summary the VisualEditor will search your recent edit summaries in case you want to re-use one. This works in both the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|visual]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|wikitext]] modes on desktop. It also works [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|on the mobile site]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T50274] * The Wikimedia wikis will get a [[:w:en:URL shortening|URL shortener]]. This will work from 11 April. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|read more]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2019-April/012893.html] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The <code><nowiki>{{REVISIONID}}</nowiki></code> magic word will no longer work. This is for performance reasons. When you preview a page it will return <code>""</code> (empty string). When you read a page it will return <code>"-"</code> (dash). For now this will only affect content namespaces. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T137900] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 9 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 10 April. It will be on all wikis from 11 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190410T15 10 April at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * You will be able to preview references. This means that when you hover over the link you will get a popup that shows you a preview of the reference. It will work much like [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|page previews]]. This is so you don't have to go to the bottom of the page to see a reference. This will now be available as a beta feature on German and Arabic Wikipedia. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T67114] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The Wikidata [[:w:en:JSON|JSON]] output will change. Empty containers will be serialised as empty objects. This is a breaking change that will affect tools that use JSON outputs and APIs. It will happen on 30 April. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2019-April/012891.html read more and see how to test your code]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/15|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W15"/> 20:23, 8 april 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=18988936 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/16|Tech News: 2019-16]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W16"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/16|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *All wikis now have the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:TemplateWizard|TemplateWizard]] for the wikitext editor. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 16 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 17 April. It will be on all wikis from 18 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190417T15 17 April at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Wikidata will get a new [[:wikidata:Help:Property constraints portal#Constraint statements on properties|constraint status]] called <code> suggestion</code>. This [[mailarchive:wikidata/2019-April/012911.html|will change]] how the <code>WikibaseQualityConstraints</code> constraint checking API works. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2019-April/012910.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T204439] * You can test the [[c:Commons:Structured data/Get involved/Feedback requests/Depicts testing|<code>depicts</code> property]] for structured data on Commons. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/16|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W16"/> 00:59, 16 april 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19011282 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/17|Tech News: 2019-17]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W17"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/17|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/AdvancedSearch|advanced search]] function [[:w:en:URL|URL]] now shows which namespaces you search in. The namespace field is collapsed by default on the search page. You can also [[gerrit:plugins/gitiles/mediawiki/extensions/AdvancedSearch/+/refs/heads/master/docs/adding_fields.md|add new fields]] to the search interface through a [[:w:en:Hooking|hook]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217445][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217443][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217446] * The wikis now look slightly different in the mobile web version. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-April/091978.html] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190423T15 23 April at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Wikipedia articles will have the <code>[https://schema.org/sameAs sameAs]</code> [https://schema.org/Property meta property]. It adds structured data. This makes it easier for search engines to find Wikipedia articles. It also makes it easier to reuse content. There will an [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Reading/Seach_Engine_Optimization/sameAs_test][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T209306] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/17|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W17"/> 21:07, 23 april 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19030007 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/18|Tech News: 2019-18]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W18"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/18|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android now invites users to add Wikidata descriptions to Wikidata objects that have Wikipedia articles but no Wikidata descriptions. It will only invite users who have added a number of Wikidata descriptions in the app without being reverted. This is to avoid spam and bad edits. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T205125] '''Problems''' * Tech News was late last week because of a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:MassMessage|MassMessage]] bug. Other newsletters had the same problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T221570] '''Changes later this week''' * You will see when you last refreshed the recent changes page. This is so you can see how recent the changes are. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T200353] * When you write a comment in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions|Structured Discussions]] but have not posted it yet your [[:w:en:Web browser|web browser]] will save it in <code>[[:w:en:Web storage#Local and session storage|local storage]]</code> instead of <code>[[:w:en:Web storage#Local and session storage|session storage]]</code>. This means you do not lose them even if you close your web browser. Structured Discussions used to be called Flow. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T93612] * You will be able to turn off [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications/Notifications types#Milestone|milestone notifications]]. Milestone notifications congratulate you when you have made certain numbers of edits. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T169924] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 30 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 1 May. It will be on all wikis from 2 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190501T15 1 May at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The Wikidata <code>wb_terms</code> table will be dropped. This will affect some Wikidata tools. They need to be updated. The table has become too big which is causing problems. This will happen on 29 May. You can [[mailarchive:wikidata/2019-April/012987.html|read more]]. You can ask for help if you need it. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Wikimedia wikis will soon use a token when you log out. This changes how the API works. Some tools might need to be updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T25227] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/18|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W18"/> 00:27, 30 april 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19046269 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/19|Tech News: 2019-19]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W19"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/19|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * [[Special:Watchlist|Special:Watchlist]] can show the wrong information. It does not always show which edits are read and which are unread. The developers are working on solving the problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T218511] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 7 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 8 May. It will be on all wikis from 9 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.33/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190507T15 8 May at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/19|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W19"/> 18:27, 6 maj 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19073915 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/20|Tech News: 2019-20]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W20"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/20|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 14 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 15 May. It will be on all wikis from 16 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190514T15 15 May at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/20|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W20"/> 02:48, 14 maj 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19091659 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/21|Tech News: 2019-21]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W21"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/21|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The report for phase 1 of the talk pages consultation 2019 [[mw:special:MyLanguage/Talk pages consultation_2019/Phase 1 report|has been published]]. Communities are invited to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages consultation 2019/Participant group sign-up#Phase2|start phase 2 of the consultation]] on their wikis. '''Problems''' * File descriptions for files from Commons were not shown properly on other Wikimedia wikis for a few days. For example the image descriptions and license information were missing. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T222935][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T222954] * Some diffs show an error message when you try to see them. The developers are working on fixing it. It could be because of some edit comments. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T222857][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T222628] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2019-05-21|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2019-05-22|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2019-05-23|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190521T15 {{#time:j xg|2019-05-22|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Content translation/V2|content translation tool]] on Wikipedia can use machine translations. There is a system to stop translations where the editors do not fix machine translation mistakes. This warns or stops them if they seem to just copy what the machine translation gives them. If this system is too strict or not strict enough you can [[mw:Talk:Content translation|tell the language team]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Content_translation/Translating/Translation_quality] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The Wikidata <code>wbeditentity</code> [[:w:en:Application programming interface|API]] endpoint will remove all aliases if the request includes an empty alias. This is how it supposed to work. It has not been working this way because of a bug. This will start on 12 June. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2019-May/013051.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/21|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W21"/> 15:03, 20 maj 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19108030 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/22|Tech News: 2019-22]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W22"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/22|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Big changes to the [[w:en:Replication (computing)|replica database]] will happen on 3 June. Some tools on [[:wikitech:Help:Cloud Services Introduction|Cloud Services]] will stop working if the maintainers do not update them to use the new schema. This probably affects tools that query for revisions or log entries made by a user. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T223406][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/cloud-announce/2019-May/000172.html] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 28 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 29 May. It will be on all wikis from 30 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190529T15 29 May at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/22|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W22"/> 17:33, 27 maj 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19120221 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/23|Tech News: 2019-23]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W23"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/23|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now write all special letters in all African Wikipedia languages. This works in the desktop version. [https://aharoni.wordpress.com/2019/05/25/happy-africa-day-keyboards-for-all-african-wikipedia-languages/] * There is now a field called <code>[[:c:Commons:Depicts|depicts]]</code> on Commons. This is a way to show what is in a picture with the help of Wikidata. It is still in development. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Village_pump#Adding_qualifiers_to_Depicts] * Some tools on Toolforge may break on or after 3 June because of database changes. Maintainers should update their tools to use the new schema. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T223406][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/cloud-announce/2019-May/000172.html] '''Problems''' * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikimedia Commons for 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190619T05 19 June at 05:00 (UTC)]. This is to fix a hardware problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T224516] '''Changes later this week''' * Some wikis have one tab for the visual editor and one tab for a wikitext editor. Others wikis just have one tab. If your wiki has two tabs, clicking a link to create a new page has always opened a wikitext editor. It will now open the editor you used the last time you edited. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T223793] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 4 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 5 May. It will be on all wikis from 6 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190605T15 5 May at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/23|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W23"/> 17:24, 3 juni 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19133752 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/24|Tech News: 2019-24]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W24"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/24|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * When you create a PDF from a page on the wiki this is now done by [[mw:Proton|Proton]]. Before this we used [[mw:Electron|Electron]]. It should look the same but work better. Both use Chromium. This is a different system from when you collect several articles into a book and make a PDF from them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T210651][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T186748] * The Flagged Revisions extension now uses the standard OOUI icons. There will be additional minor fixes for positioning in the next deployment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T155878] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Bots and other scripts that do not set an identifiable [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User-Agent policy|User-Agent]] may find their requests strictly rate-limited until they identify themselves properly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T224891] '''Problems''' * Please check if the Flagged Revisions configuration on your wiki is as you expect (or as it was a few weeks ago). If not, please [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Wikimedia-Site-Requests%2CMediaWiki-extensions-FlaggedRevs report it]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T225144] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190612T15 12 June at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/24|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W24"/> 19:06, 10 juni 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19143311 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/25|Tech News: 2019-25]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W25"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/25|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikimedia Commons for 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190619T05 19 June at 05:00 (UTC)]. This is to fix a hardware problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T224516] '''Changes later this week''' * [[:w:en:MIDI|MIDI]] files can soon be played without the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Score|Score extension]]. You can then add them with <code><nowiki>[[File:Filename.midi]]</nowiki></code>. Later <code>override_midi</code> and <code>override_audio</code> will stop working. Instead you will need to add the MIDI file below the music score. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T135597] * A new video player will soon replace the old one. You will be able to enable it as a beta feature in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|your preferences]]. It will later be enabled for everyone if there are no big problems. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148103] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 18 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 19 June. It will be on all wikis from 20 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190619T15 19 June at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some gadgets and user scripts still use the old <code>wgEnableAPI</code> and <code>wgEnableWriteAPI</code> values. These values are always true. They will soon be removed. This might break the gadgets and scripts. You should fix your gadgets to not use these values. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/core/+/504076] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/25|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W25"/> 22:37, 17 juni 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19152213 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/26|Tech News: 2019-26]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W26"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/26|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki for last week was not fully released due to issues. It was removed from most wikis on Tuesday and from test wikis on Thursday. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-June/092212.html] * Most wikis were slow and then briefly read-only last week due to one of the database servers having a problem. It is now replaced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T225981] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 25 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 26 June. It will be on all wikis from 27 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * You can watch or join the next [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-June/092210.html Wikimedia Language showcase]. It will be about the usage of Machine Translation in Wikimedia projects. The showcase will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190626T13 26 June at 13:00 (UTC)]. A recording will be kept for later viewing * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190626T15 26 June at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/26|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W26"/> 19:29, 24 juni 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19168431 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/27|Tech News: 2019-27]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W27"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/27|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The development of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Bridge|Wikidata Bridge]] has started. The goal is to allow Wikidata edits from Wikipedia. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2019-June/013216.html] '''Problems''' * Sometimes pages load slowly for users routed to the Amsterdam data center. Investigation is in progress. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T226048] * Wikidata query service was overloaded between 11:50 UTC until 13:15 UTC on June 24. It has been fixed. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20190624-wdqs] '''Changes later this week''' * You will be able to read but not to edit all wikis for a short amount of time, on 3 July at 06:00 (UTC). This is to move a database. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T226358] * There is no deployment of a new version of MediaWiki on the wikis this week ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190703T15 3 July at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/27|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W27"/> 23:22, 1 juli 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19175317 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/28|Tech News: 2019-28]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W28"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/28|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * For event organizers, if you [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mass_account_creation#Requesting_temporary_lift_of_IP_cap|request a temporary lift of the IP cap]] for mass account creation, this will now also raise the edit rate limit for those new accounts at the event, which will prevent another bottleneck. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T204583] * Administrators at all Wiktionary, Wikivoyage, and Wikisource wikis are now able to use the new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_health_initiative/Partial_blocks|partial blocks]] feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T218626] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 9 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 10 July. It will be on all wikis from 11 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The design of MediaWiki's software windows will change for desktop users. Layout will be simpler, buttons will be bolder and clearer, and close buttons will be just icons. This is like the mobile design. This will affect ContentTranslation, VisualEditor, TemplateWizard, and other tools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T226045] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190710T15 10 July at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Wikidata will be in read-only mode on 30 July from 05:00 to 05:30 UTC because of a server switch. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T227063] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There will be a change in the name format of new Wikidata RDF dumps starting on 15 July. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T226153] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/28|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W28"/> 22:12, 8 juli 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19192465 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/29|Tech News: 2019-29]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W29"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/29|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The mobile web will get more advanced editing tools. Seven more Wikipedias can use them now. This works for Arabic, Indonesian, Italian, Persian, Japanese, Spanish and Thai Wikipedia. You can try the tools on the mobile web and give feedback. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Advanced_mobile_contribution_options_second_update] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The abuse filter system user will soon do maintenance edits on broken abuse filters. This user is called <code>{{int:abusefilter-blocker}}</code> and has administrator rights. This is meant to fix technical problems. It will not do any other changes. You [[phab:T209565|can read more]]. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 16 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 17 July. It will be on all wikis from 18 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190717T15 17 July at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android will invite users to add image captions to images on Commons. It will only invite users who have added a number of edits in the app without being reverted. This is to avoid spam and bad edits. You can [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks|read more]] and [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks|leave feedback]]. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Village_pump/Archive/2019/03#Edit_action_feed_(Android_Wikipedia_app)] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/29|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W29"/> 17:29, 15 juli 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19199404 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/30|Tech News: 2019-30]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W30"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/30|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Communities interested by easing newcomers' first steps can now benefit from the Growth team experiments on their wikis. Check [[mw:Growth/Communities/How to get the Growth experiments on your wiki|the conditions and the request process]]. * The [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|Coolest Tool Award 2019]] is looking for nominations. You can recommend tools by July 29. The awarded tools will be presented at Wikimania. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-July/092301.html] '''Problems''' * The release of the last version of MediaWiki (1.34.0-wmf.14) has been blocked for groups 1 and 2. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2019-July/002184.html] '''Changes later this week''' * Phabricator database will be moved to a different server. Writes will be blocked on Thursday 25 July, between 05:30 and 06:00 AM UTC. Reads will remain unaffected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T228243] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 23 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 24 July. It will be on all wikis from 25 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190723T15 24 July at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|Some items in the visual editor]] will change later this week. This will make it easier to edit links, citations, and templates on both desktop and mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T225834][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T221247] * With [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|advanced search]] turned on you will be able to choose the sorting order of the search results when you do a search. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T225479][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T197525] * Users who edit from IP addresses whitelisted on a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Mass_account_creation#Requesting temporary lift of_IP cap|request for temporary lift of the IP cap for mass account creation]] will bypass CAPTCHAs. This will happen in August. If you think this should not happen for some reason, please [[:phab:T227487|let us know]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The variable <code>user_wpzero</code> will be removed from AbuseFilter. [[phab:T227843#5344413|A list of filters needing a fix is provided]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/30|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W30"/> 15:07, 22 juli 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19224936 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/31|Tech News: 2019-31]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W31"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/31|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Wikidata will be in read-only mode on 30 July from 05:00 to 05:30 UTC because of a server switch. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T227063] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 30 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 31 July. It will be on all wikis from 1 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190731T15 31 July at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/31|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W31"/> 23:42, 29 juli 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19235136 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/32|Tech News: 2019-32]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W32"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/32|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 6 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 7 August. It will be on all wikis from 8 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Problems''' *A change in [[mw:Extension:RelatedArticles|RelatedArticles extension]] accidentally enabled it for everyone, not just for mobile users. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T181242][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T229644] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190807T15 7 August at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Today everyone can see [[:w:en:IP addresses|IP addresses]] if someone edits without an account. In the future this could be more hidden. This is to protect unregistered editors so fewer can see their IP address. This would only happen after we make sure the tools for vandal fighting can still be effective. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP_Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|read more]] and [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|comment]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/32|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W32"/> 15:24, 5 august 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19263690 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/33|Tech News: 2019-33]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W33"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/33|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Editors using the mobile website on Wikipedia can opt-in to new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced_mobile_contributions|advanced features]] via your settings page. This will give access to more interface links, special pages, and tools. Feedback on the discussion page is appreciated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T228916] * Due to the absence of volunteer maintenance of Cologne Blue skin, the link to activate it will be hidden. The skin will still work, but editors using it are encouraged to switch to another skin. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T223824] '''Changes later this week''' * Due to Wikimania, there is no deployment this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments#Week_of_August_12th] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190813T15 13 August at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The "Wikidata item" link will be moved from "Tools" to "In other projects" section on all Wikimedia projects, starting on August 21. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2019-August/013316.html Full announcement], [[phab:T66315|Phabricator task]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/33|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W33"/> 20:19, 12 august 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19280448 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/34|Tech News: 2019-34]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W34"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/34|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * There will be no Tech News issue next week. The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 2 September 2019. '''Problems''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some abuse filters stopped working because of a code change. Only variables for the current action will work. Variables defined inside a branch may not work outside of that branch. You can [[phab:T230256|read more]] to see how to fix the filters. * Only six accounts can be created from one [[:w:en:IP address|IP address]] per day. Between 12 August and August 15 this was two accounts per day. This was because of a security issue. It is now six accounts per day again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230521] '''Changes later this week''' * Only a limited number of accounts can be created from one [[:w:en:IP address|IP address]]. An IP address can be [[:w:en:Whitelisting |whitelisted]] so that it can create as many accounts as needed. This is useful at events where many new persons learn to edit. IP addresses that are whitelisted for this reason will also not show [[w:en:CAPTCHA|CAPTCHAs]] when you create accounts. This will happen on Wednesday. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T227487] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 20 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 21 August. It will be on all wikis from 22 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190821T15 21 August at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * There is an [[:w:en: Request for Comments|RFC]] about creating a new global user group with the right to edit [[:mw:Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]]. This will be used to fix broken filters and make sure all filters will still work when software changes happen. You can [[:m:Requests for comment/Creating abusefilter-manager global group|read more and comment]]. * <code>Special:Contributions/newbies</code> will no longer be working. This is because of performance reasons. It showed edits by new accounts. You can see this in the recent changes feed instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T220447] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/34|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W34"/> 17:20, 19 august 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19310286 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/36|Tech News: 2019-36]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W36"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/36|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can use the new [[wikidata:Wikidata:Development/Termbox|termbox]] interface if you edit Wikidata on a mobile device. This is to edit labels, descriptions and aliases easier on the mobile pages. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2019-August/013355.html] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki has been deployed during the last week. * The previously announced change of positions of the "Wikidata item" link on all wikis has been rollbacked due to unexpected cache issues. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T66315#5431632] * The limit for rollbacks has been increased from 10 to 100 rollbacks per minute. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T228708] * The advanced version of the edit review pages (Recent Changes, Watchlist, and Related Changes) now include two new filters. These filters are for "All contents" and "All discussions". They will filter the view to just those namespaces. However the "All discussions" filter does not include pseudo talk pages, like discussions that are in the ''Project:'' or ''Wikipedia:'' namespaces. But it will include changes happening on ''Project talk:'' or the ''Wikipedia talk:''. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T201520] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2019-09-03|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2019-09-04|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2019-09-05|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). * When you log in, the software checks your password to see if it follows the [[Special:MyLanguage/Password policy|Password policy]]. From this week, it will also complain if your password is one of the most common passwords in the world. If your password is not strong enough, please consider to [[Special:PasswordReset|change your password]] for a [[w:en:Password strength|stronger password]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T151425] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190904T15 {{#time:j xg|2019-09-04|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikidata for up to 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190910T05 September 10 at 05:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * You will be able to read but not to edit some mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190917T05 September 17 at 05:00 (UTC)]. You can [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wikimedia/operations-mediawiki-config/master/dblists/s2.dblist see which wikis]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * You will be able to read but not to edit some mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190924T05 September 24 at 05:00 (UTC)]. You can [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wikimedia/operations-mediawiki-config/master/dblists/s3.dblist see which wikis]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikimedia Commons for up to 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190926T05 September 26 at 05:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/36|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W36"/> 11:07, 4 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19350205 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/37|Tech News: 2019-37]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W37"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/37|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikidata for up to 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190910T05 10 September at 05:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * When you log in, the software checks your password to see if it follows the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Password policy|Password policy]]. From this week, it will also complain if you are a "privileged user" and your password is too short. If your password is not strong enough, please consider to [[Special:PasswordReset|change your password]] for a [[w:en:Password strength|stronger password]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/operations/mediawiki-config/+/534707] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 10 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 11 September. It will be on all wikis from 12 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190911T15 11 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Soon, the AbuseFilter will recognize new syntax errors. Specifically, it will recognize errors about empty operands. You can see a list of examples in [[phab:T156096]]. Any active filter with such an error will stop working; hence, please take a look at the [[phab:T156096#5464310|list of affected filters]], and fix the ones that you can fix. Note that there is also an ongoing [[:m:Requests_for_comment/Creating_abusefilter-manager_global_group|RFC on meta-wiki]] about the creation of a new abusefilter-manager global group. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/37|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W37"/> 19:42, 9 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19361962 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/37|Tech News: 2019-37]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W37"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/37|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikidata for up to 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190910T05 10 September at 05:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * When you log in, the software checks your password to see if it follows the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Password policy|Password policy]]. From this week, it will also complain if you are a "privileged user" and your password is too short. If your password is not strong enough, please consider to [[Special:PasswordReset|change your password]] for a [[w:en:Password strength|stronger password]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/operations/mediawiki-config/+/534707] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 10 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 11 September. It will be on all wikis from 12 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190911T15 11 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Soon, the AbuseFilter will recognize new syntax errors. Specifically, it will recognize errors about empty operands. You can see a list of examples in [[phab:T156096]]. Any active filter with such an error will stop working; hence, please take a look at the [[phab:T156096#5464310|list of affected filters]], and fix the ones that you can fix. Note that there is also an ongoing [[:m:Requests_for_comment/Creating_abusefilter-manager_global_group|RFC on meta-wiki]] about the creation of a new abusefilter-manager global group. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/37|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W37"/> 19:43, 9 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19361962 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/37|Tech News: 2019-37]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W37"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/37|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikidata for up to 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190910T05 10 September at 05:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * When you log in, the software checks your password to see if it follows the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Password policy|Password policy]]. From this week, it will also complain if you are a "privileged user" and your password is too short. If your password is not strong enough, please consider to [[Special:PasswordReset|change your password]] for a [[w:en:Password strength|stronger password]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/operations/mediawiki-config/+/534707] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 10 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 11 September. It will be on all wikis from 12 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190911T15 11 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Soon, the AbuseFilter will recognize new syntax errors. Specifically, it will recognize errors about empty operands. You can see a list of examples in [[phab:T156096]]. Any active filter with such an error will stop working; hence, please take a look at the [[phab:T156096#5464310|list of affected filters]], and fix the ones that you can fix. Note that there is also an ongoing [[:m:Requests_for_comment/Creating_abusefilter-manager_global_group|RFC on meta-wiki]] about the creation of a new abusefilter-manager global group. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/37|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W37"/> 19:49, 9 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19361962 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/38|Tech News: 2019-38]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W38"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/38|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Last week's Tech News had delivery problems. Some did not get the newsletter. Some got it more than one time. The developers are working on the problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232379] * There was a problem with the new MediaWiki version last week. The new version was paused. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-September/092535.html] '''Changes later this week''' * You will be able to read but not to edit some mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190917T05 on September 17 at 05:00 (UTC)]. You can [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wikimedia/operations-mediawiki-config/master/dblists/s2.dblist see which wikis]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 September. It will be on all wikis from 19 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190918T15 18 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android invites users to do small tasks. This is to get more readers to edit. If they get reverted too many times it will pause or block the tasks for that user. All normal editing will still work if the community doesn't block the user. The developers want to know if the plan looks OK. You can [[:mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks#Suggested Edits 3.0 - Improved Suggested Edits Homescreen and Feature Pausing|see what it could look like]] and [[:mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks|give feedback]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] When you look at an old version of a page you get a warning that this is not the newest version. This uses the [[:w:en:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] class <code>.mw-revision</code>. It will use the CSS class <code>.warningbox</code> for styling instead. If your wiki uses templates to change how the warning looks they will have to be updated. This will happen later. If this would cause problems you should tell the developers in the next couple of weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232415] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/38|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W38"/> 17:07, 16 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19379999 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/38|Tech News: 2019-38]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W38"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/38|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Last week's Tech News had delivery problems. Some did not get the newsletter. Some got it more than one time. The developers are working on the problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232379] * There was a problem with the new MediaWiki version last week. The new version was paused. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-September/092535.html] '''Changes later this week''' * You will be able to read but not to edit some mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190917T05 on September 17 at 05:00 (UTC)]. You can [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wikimedia/operations-mediawiki-config/master/dblists/s2.dblist see which wikis]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 September. It will be on all wikis from 19 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190918T15 18 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android invites users to do small tasks. This is to get more readers to edit. If they get reverted too many times it will pause or block the tasks for that user. All normal editing will still work if the community doesn't block the user. The developers want to know if the plan looks OK. You can [[:mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks#Suggested Edits 3.0 - Improved Suggested Edits Homescreen and Feature Pausing|see what it could look like]] and [[:mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks|give feedback]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] When you look at an old version of a page you get a warning that this is not the newest version. This uses the [[:w:en:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] class <code>.mw-revision</code>. It will use the CSS class <code>.warningbox</code> for styling instead. If your wiki uses templates to change how the warning looks they will have to be updated. This will happen later. If this would cause problems you should tell the developers in the next couple of weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232415] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/38|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W38"/> 17:08, 16 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19379999 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/38|Tech News: 2019-38]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W38"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/38|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Last week's Tech News had delivery problems. Some did not get the newsletter. Some got it more than one time. The developers are working on the problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232379] * There was a problem with the new MediaWiki version last week. The new version was paused. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-September/092535.html] '''Changes later this week''' * You will be able to read but not to edit some mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190917T05 on September 17 at 05:00 (UTC)]. You can [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wikimedia/operations-mediawiki-config/master/dblists/s2.dblist see which wikis]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 September. It will be on all wikis from 19 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190918T15 18 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android invites users to do small tasks. This is to get more readers to edit. If they get reverted too many times it will pause or block the tasks for that user. All normal editing will still work if the community doesn't block the user. The developers want to know if the plan looks OK. You can [[:mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks#Suggested Edits 3.0 - Improved Suggested Edits Homescreen and Feature Pausing|see what it could look like]] and [[:mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks|give feedback]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] When you look at an old version of a page you get a warning that this is not the newest version. This uses the [[:w:en:Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] class <code>.mw-revision</code>. It will use the CSS class <code>.warningbox</code> for styling instead. If your wiki uses templates to change how the warning looks they will have to be updated. This will happen later. If this would cause problems you should tell the developers in the next couple of weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232415] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/38|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W38"/> 17:14, 16 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19379999 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/39|Tech News: 2019-39]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W39"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/39|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Some edits that used the visual editor were not working. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230272] * Last week's Tech News had delivery problems. Some did not get the newsletter. Some got it more than one time. The developers are working on the problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232379] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 24 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 25 September. It will be on all wikis from 26 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). * You will be able to read but not to edit an important number of mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190924T05 on 24 September at 05:00 (UTC)]. You can [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wikimedia/operations-mediawiki-config/master/dblists/s3.dblist see which wikis]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikimedia Commons for up to 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190926T05 26 September at 05:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190925T15 25 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[w:en:Internet Explorer|Internet Explorer]] 6 and 7 might not [[:mw:Compatibility|be supported]] in the future. This means the browsers might start looking a bit weird. They would not get security support. This is because almost no one uses the browsers anymore. Supporting them makes the wikis less secure for everyone else. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232563] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/39|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W39"/> 22:20, 23 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19401685 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/39|Tech News: 2019-39]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W39"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/39|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Some edits that used the visual editor were not working. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230272] * Last week's Tech News had delivery problems. Some did not get the newsletter. Some got it more than one time. The developers are working on the problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232379] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 24 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 25 September. It will be on all wikis from 26 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). * You will be able to read but not to edit an important number of mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190924T05 on 24 September at 05:00 (UTC)]. You can [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wikimedia/operations-mediawiki-config/master/dblists/s3.dblist see which wikis]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikimedia Commons for up to 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190926T05 26 September at 05:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190925T15 25 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[w:en:Internet Explorer|Internet Explorer]] 6 and 7 might not [[:mw:Compatibility|be supported]] in the future. This means the browsers might start looking a bit weird. They would not get security support. This is because almost no one uses the browsers anymore. Supporting them makes the wikis less secure for everyone else. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232563] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/39|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W39"/> 22:21, 23 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19401685 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/39|Tech News: 2019-39]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W39"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/39|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Some edits that used the visual editor were not working. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230272] * Last week's Tech News had delivery problems. Some did not get the newsletter. Some got it more than one time. The developers are working on the problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232379] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 24 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 25 September. It will be on all wikis from 26 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). * You will be able to read but not to edit an important number of mid-sized wikis for up to 30 minutes [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190924T05 on 24 September at 05:00 (UTC)]. You can [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wikimedia/operations-mediawiki-config/master/dblists/s3.dblist see which wikis]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikimedia Commons for up to 30 minutes on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190926T05 26 September at 05:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230788] '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190925T15 25 September at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[w:en:Internet Explorer|Internet Explorer]] 6 and 7 might not [[:mw:Compatibility|be supported]] in the future. This means the browsers might start looking a bit weird. They would not get security support. This is because almost no one uses the browsers anymore. Supporting them makes the wikis less secure for everyone else. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232563] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/39|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W39"/> 22:27, 23 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19401685 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/40|Tech News: 2019-40]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W40"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/40|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Last week's Tech News had delivery problems. Some did not get the newsletter. Some got it more than one time. The problem where some pages got it three times should now be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232379] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2019-10-01|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2019-10-02|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2019-10-03|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191002T15 {{#time:j xg|2019-10-02|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The Wikimedia Foundation [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] is working on a [[:m:Community Tech/Watchlist Expiry|watchlist expiry feature]]. This means you can put things on your watchlist for a period of time instead of forever. They are looking for [[:m:Community Tech/Watchlist Expiry#Open Questions|feedback on the questions they have]]. * [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] will get the standard [[mw:UX standardization|OOUI look]]. This makes it easier to use on mobile and makes it look like other <code>Special:</code> pages. There is a [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/User:Jdlrobson/compactspecialcontributions.css script] you can use to make the form smaller if you want to. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T117736] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/40|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W40"/> 18:49, 30 septembar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19425400 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/41|Tech News: 2019-41]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W41"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/41|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filter function]] now has a faster [[w:en:Parsing|parser]]. This is to shorten the waiting time when you save an edit. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T156095] '''Problems''' * There is a problem in the visual editor when you copy or delete text with footnotes. It will be fixed soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T234489] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 8 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 9 October. It will be on all wikis from 10 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191009T15 9 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2020|Community Wishlist Survey]] has a new format. It will focus on wikis that typically get less support. It will probably go back to the normal format next year. It is not decided exactly how it will work this year. You can [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2020|leave feedback]]. * The [[:w:en:URL|URL]] of the Wikimedia wiki main pages could be changed. This is because the current URLs cause several problems. For example <code>https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page</code> would be <code>https://www.wikidata.org/</code> instead. You can [[phab:T120085|tell the developers]] if this would cause problems for your wiki. * There is a new [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2019/October|technical community newsletter]]. You can read more about the work of Wikimedia's technical community. [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/Subscribe|Subscribe]] to get the information in the future. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[w:en:Outreachy|Outreachy]] is an internship program for groups who are underrepresented in free and open-source software. There are seven Wikimedia projects about coding, documentation and quality assurance in the next round. Persons who fit the criteria [https://www.outreachy.org/apply/project-selection/#wikimedia can apply]. The last day to apply is 5 November. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/41|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W41"/> 17:34, 7 oktobar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19426372 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/42|Tech News: 2019-42]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W42"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/42|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now use [[:mw: Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions |more advanced editing tools]] on the mobile web. You can turn them on and off in your preferences in the mobile version. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T233612] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 15 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 16 October. It will be on all wikis from 17 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191016T15 16 October at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[w:en:Internet Explorer|Internet Explorer]] 6 and 7 are no longer [[:mw:Compatibility|supported]]. This means the browsers might start looking a bit weird. They will not get security support. You [[:wikitech:HTTPS/Browser Recommendations|can't read]] Wikimedia wikis in Internet Explorer on Windows XP or Windows versions that are older than Windows XP. This is because almost no one uses the browsers anymore. Supporting them made the wikis less secure for everyone else. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T232563] * In the future section headings might have a share link. This is to make it easier to link to the section. You can [[phab:T18691|read more and discuss]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/42|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W42"/> 01:04, 15 oktobar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=19457637 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/43|Tech News: 2019-43]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W43"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/43|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|'''''[[$technews|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[$ambassadors|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[$bot|bot]] • [[$contribute|Contribute]] • [[$translate|Translate]] • [[$tech|Get help]] • [[$talk|Give feedback]] • [[$list|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'']] The [[w:en:Application programming interface|API]] sandbox and help pages now show more clearly when API modules are marked as <code>internal</code>. API modules marked as internal were probably internal before. It was easier to miss. You should look for non-internal alternatives. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T185508] '''Problems''' * There is a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Translate|translation tool]] we use on wikis with more than one language. For a few days it did not create pages for new languages when someone translated a page. The languages did not show in the language bar. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T235027] * The history and diffs can show wrong content. This is because of a cache problem. It will soon be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T235188] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 22 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 23 October. It will be on all wikis from 24 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.34/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Reference Previews]] will be a beta feature on [[phab:T235083|all Wikipedias and some Wikivoyages]]. It shows you a preview of the footnote when you hover over or click on the number. It has been a beta feature on German and Arabic Wikipedia since April. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191023T15 23 October]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/43|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W43"/> 16:18, 21 oktobar 2019 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=19479478 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/44|Tech News: 2019-44]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W44"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/44|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can post proposals for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020|Community Wishlist Survey]]. The survey decides what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on. You can post proposals until 11 November. You can vote on proposals from 20 November to 2 December. This year the wishlist will focus on Wikibooks, Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikisource, Wikiversity, Wikispecies, Wikivoyage and Wikinews. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020#newformat|read more]] about the format for this year. * Mobile users now have a specific design for their Watchlist. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T225127][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T235414] * You can share feedback and ideas on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Desktop Improvements]] project. The goal is to make the interface easier to use for readers and editors without removing any functionality. The Foundation's Readers Web team will work on this over the next two years. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OOUI|OOUI]] now allows using <code>px</code> (pixels) instead of <code>em</code> ([[:w:en:Em (typography)|em]]) for some specific cases. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/design/2019-October/002646.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T220671] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2019-10-29|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2019-10-30|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2019-10-31|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191030T15 {{#time:j xg|2019-10-30|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * There will be no software changes from 19 December to 2 January. The first MediaWiki version next year will come the week of 6 January. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2019-October/092682.html] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Gadgets and user scripts can access variables about the current page in JavaScript. In 2015, this information was moved from global variables named <code dir=ltr>wg*</code> to <code style="white-space:nowrap;">mw.config</code>. The old global variables will be removed later this year. You can [[Phab:T72470|know more about it and tell the developers]] if you want to try this out on your wiki first. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/44|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W44"/> 17:09, 28 oktobar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19499434 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/45|Tech News: 2019-45]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W45"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/45|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * At [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] you could see up to 5000 edits at the same time if you edited the [[:w:en:URL|URL]]. This has been lowered to 500. This is to stop requests which break the sites. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T234450] '''Changes later this week''' * <code>MediaWiki:ipb-default-expiry</code> can set the default length to block a user for your wiki. You will be able to use <code>MediaWiki:ipb-default-expiry-ip</code> to set a different default block length for IP editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219126] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 5 November. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 6 November. It will be on all wikis from 7 November ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191106T15 6 November at 15:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/45|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W45"/> 17:47, 4 novembar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19523120 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/46|Tech News: 2019-46]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W46"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/46|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [https://mediawiki2latex-large.wmflabs.org MediaWiki2LaTeX] can put different pages from a Wikimedia wiki into a [[:w:en:PDF|PDF]]. It can now make a PDF with around 5000 pages. Previously this was 800 pages. '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191113T16 13 November at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * Wikimedia will take part in [[:w:en:Google Code-in|Google Code-in]]. This is for young students who want to help with open source software. You can [[:mw:Google Code-in/2019|read more]]. Experienced technical Wikimedians can mentor students. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/46|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W46"/> 23:02, 11 novembar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19547303 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/47|Tech News: 2019-47]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W47"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/47|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * You will be able to read but not to edit some wikis for up to 30 minutes [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191126T06 on 26 November at 06:00 (UTC)]. You can [[phab:T238046|see which wikis]]. It will probably last much shorter than 30 minutes. This will also affect the <code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CentralAuth|centralauth]]</code> database. This could for example affect changing passwords, logging in to new wikis, changing emails or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CentralAuth/Global rename|global renames]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T238046] '''Changes later this week''' * You can soon vote on proposals for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020|Community Wishlist Survey]]. The survey decides what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on. You can vote on proposals from 20 November to 2 December. This year the wishlist will focus on Wikibooks, Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikisource, Wikiversity, Wikispecies, Wikivoyage and Wikinews. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020#newformat|read more]] about the format for this year. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191120T16 20 November at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/47|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W47"/> 21:16, 18 novembar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19547866 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/48|Tech News: 2019-48]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W48"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/48|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * The mobile beta mode will be disabled to have less maintenance. The developers will focus on the [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|desktop improvements]] project. You can turn on [[mw:Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|advanced mobile contributions mode]] if you want to see the categories. You could also jump back to the top. This can instead be done with a [[w:en:User:Jdlrobson/scripts/backtotop.js|gadget or user script]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T237290] * [[:mw:Parsoid|Parsoid]] is software we use for the visual editor, content translation, Flow and the Android app. This has been rewritten. It will come to the wikis gradually over the next two weeks. It has been tested, but there could be some diffs or previews that don't look right. If you see any you can [[phab:T229015|report them]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T229015] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 26 November. It will be on the other wikis next week ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). This is because of holidays. '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191127T16 27 November at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * You will switch between the article and the talk page in a new way in the mobile view in the future. It will use tabs. This is more like in the desktop view. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230695] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/48|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W48"/> 17:51, 25 novembar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19547866 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/49|Tech News: 2019-49]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W49"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/49|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Mix'n'match|Mix'n'match]] is a tool to connect Wikidata items to information in other databases. It can be used to find subjects that are missing in a Wikipedia. It now has more than 3000 datasets. Before it was closer to 2000. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 3 December. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 4 December. It will be on all wikis from 5 December ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191204T16 4 December at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There will be a new schema for [https://dumps.wikimedia.org/ XML dumps]. Scripts and apps that use them will need to be updated. If they are not updated they will no longer work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T238972] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The <code><nowiki>{{REVISIONID}}</nowiki></code> magic word will no longer work in the content namespaces. This is for performance reasons. When you preview a page it returns <code>""</code> (empty string). When you read a page it returns <code>"-"</code> (dash). In the future this will also affect other namespaces. The next ones are file and category namespaces. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T235957] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/49|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W49"/> 17:57, 2 decembar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19547866 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/50|Tech News: 2019-50]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W50"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/50|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Wikimedia projects use [https://translatewiki.net/ Translatewiki] to translate the wiki interface. You can now use [https://tools.wmflabs.org/watch-translations/ WatchTranslations] to watch projects there. You would get an email if there are missing translations to your language. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T238216] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There is a new dataset you can use. It shows the number of editors per country per month for a number of countries. You can [[:wikitech:Analytics/Data Lake/Edits/Geoeditors/Public|read the documentation]] and [https://dumps.wikimedia.org/other/geoeditors/readme.html download the dataset]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 10 December. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 11 December. It will be on all wikis from 12 December ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191211T16 11 December at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * You can test a new [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Book referencing|reference tool]]. It makes it possible to reference different parts of a source without repeating all information. You can test it on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Cluster|beta cluster]]. You can see [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Draft:Cut_the_Crap#cite_ref-3 an example article]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Topic:Vc9k7gf9kvqxkkva] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/50|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W50"/> 17:35, 9 decembar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19625279 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/51|Tech News: 2019-51]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W51"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/51|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Linter|Linter extension]] helps you find technical errors in articles. It did not show new changes last week. This was because of an [[:w:en:Application programming interface|API]] problem. It is now working again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T240057] * [[Special:Watchlist|Special:Watchlist]] can show the wrong information again. It does not always show which edits are read and which are unread. This is because of a database problem. The developers are working on solving the problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T218511] '''Changes later this week''' * You can get email notifications. You can get them immediately, a summary every day or a summary once every week. If you choose a summary you can soon choose not to get notifications you have already marked as read on the wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T169386] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 December. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 December. It will be on all wikis from 19 December ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Meetings''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can join the technical advice meeting on IRC. During the meeting, volunteer developers can ask for advice. The meeting will be on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20191218T16 18 December at 16:00 (UTC)]. See [[mw:Technical Advice IRC Meeting|how to join]]. '''Future changes''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community health initiative/Partial blocks|partial blocks]] feature is now stable. It will come to most wikis on 6 January. Your wiki can ask to wait. Contact [[User talk:NKohli (WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]] if you don't want it now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T218626] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/51|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W51"/> 01:15, 17 decembar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19625279 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/52|Tech News: 2019-52]] == <section begin="technews-2019-W52"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/52|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * Because of the [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|holidays]] the next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 6 January 2020. '''Recent changes''' * All mobile site users now have new features. Features include: tabs for page/discussion; an expanded user-menu; direct access to history pages. These features were initially part of the "[[mw:special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|advanced mode]]". '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week or next week. '''Future changes''' * You can use <code>setlang</code> in the [[:w:en:URL|URL]] to change the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:UniversalLanguageSelector|user interface language]]. This will no longer happen automatically. When you open the link you will be asked to confirm the language change. This will not happen if [[:w:en:Javascript|Javascript]] is not working in your browser. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T63115] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2019/52|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2019-W52"/> 21:03, 23 decembar 2019 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19625279 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/02|Tech News: 2020-02]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W02"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/02|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * When trying to move a page, if the target title already exists then a warning message is shown. The warning message will now include a link to the target title. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184357] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 7 January. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 8 January. It will be on all wikis from 9 January ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/02|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W02"/> 22:18, 6 januar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19625279 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/03|Tech News: 2020-03]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W03"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/03|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can no longer read Wikimedia wikis if your browser use very old [[:w:en:Transport Layer Security|TLS]]. This is because it is a security problem for everyone. It can lead to [[:w:en:Downgrade attack|downgrade attacks]]. Since 9 December you just see a warning. Soon the browser will not connect to the wikis at all. Most are users on Android systems older than 4.4. You can read the [[:wikitech:HTTPS/Browser Recommendations|browser recommendations]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T238038] * [[Special:LinkSearch|Special:LinkSearch]] has been moved from the "{{int:specialpages-group-redirects}}" section on [[Special:SpecialPages|Special:SpecialPages]] to the "{{int:specialpages-group-pages}}" section. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T242146] '''Changes later this week''' *[[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Wikis can protect pages so that only some users can edit them. The standard protection levels are {{int:protect-level-autoconfirmed}} and {{int:Protect-level-sysop}}. If your wiki use more protection levels the technical name might be renamed for standardisation. This doesn't affect what users see. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230103] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 14 January. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 15 January. It will be on all wikis from 16 January ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[:wikitech:Nova Resource:Catgraph/Deepcat|Deepcat]] and [[:wikitech:Nova Resource:Catgraph|Catgraph]] will stop working. This will happen at the end of January. This is because you can now use the normal search function instead. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-January/092936.html] * You can use <code><nowiki><ref follow="…"></nowiki></code> to merge footnotes that follow each other. It is meant to be used for digitised books on Wikisource. If the order of the footnotes is wrong no error was shown but the bad <nowiki><ref></nowiki> was shown outside the <nowiki><references /></nowiki> list. This will change and you will see an error message instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T240858] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/03|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W03"/> [[Korisnik:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:MediaWiki message delivery|razgovor]]) 19:39, 13 januar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19702767 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/04|Tech News: 2020-04]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W04"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/04|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 21 January. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 22 January. It will be on all wikis from 23 January ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * There is a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Improving tools|new suggestion]] for what to show when someone edits without registering an account. This is to give unregistered editors better privacy and make some anti-vandalism work go faster. You can [[:m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Improving tools|give feedback]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] is a Python [[:w:en:Library (computing)|library]] to automate work on wikis. It will no longer support [[:w:en:Python (programming language)|Python 2]]. Use the <code>python2</code> tag if you need to continue running Python 2 scripts. The Pywikibot team strongly recommends to migrate to Python 3. You can [[:phab:T242120|get help]] to do so. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/pywikibot/2020-January/009976.html] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The weekly MediaWiki branch cut will soon become automated. The timing for this cut may change. You can discuss [[phab:T242446|in Phabricator]] if this affects you. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-January/092939.html] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Technical Community Newsletter/2020/January|read about]] coming technical events and mentoring interns. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/04|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W04"/> 20:40, 20 januar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19732089 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/05|Tech News: 2020-05]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W05"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/05|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Some mobile diffs have problems. A couple of buttons are not shown. Structured data diffs on Commons are confusing. The developers are working on fixing it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T242310][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243235] * Administrators on wikis that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions|Structured Discussions]] can't move discussion pages. This is a bug. The developers are working on fixing it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T231783] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * There is JavaScript code on Special:Undelete for administrators that makes it possible to automatically select multiple checkboxes by holding the "Shift" key and clicking. This code is also loaded by accident on other special pages and on articles. This makes pages slower to load. This will be fixed. If you know of other special pages where this is useful please tell the developers at [[phab:T232688]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/05|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W05"/> 19:52, 27 januar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19732089 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/06|Tech News: 2020-06]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W06"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/06|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 4 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 5 February. It will be on all wikis from 6 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/06|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W06"/> 21:04, 3 februar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19732089 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/07|Tech News: 2020-07]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W07"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/07|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a new version of the [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Mobile app|Wikimedia Commons app]] for Android. It should fix the failed uploads problem. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-February/093042.html] '''Problems''' * There was a problem with the new MediaWiki version last week. It deleted some messages by accident. The new version was late because it was stopped to fix things. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T233866] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Main page|MediaWiki action API]] is used by various tools like bots and gadgets. Some error codes will change. Some parameter values that do not follow the standard will no longer work. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-February/093048.html] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 11 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 12 February. It will be on all wikis from 13 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/07|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W07"/> 20:09, 10 februar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19795492 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/08|Tech News: 2020-08]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W08"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/08|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Pages on Wikidata and Commons now load faster. You can read more about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Performance Team/Page load performance|page load performance]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-February/013827.html][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/ResourceLoader/Developing_with_ResourceLoader] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 18 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 19 February. It will be on all wikis from 20 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/08|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W08"/> 17:16, 17 februar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19795492 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/09|Tech News: 2020-09]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W09"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/09|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 25 February. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 26 February. It will be on all wikis from 27 February ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * There will be a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying|reply button]] after each post on a talk page if you want one. This will soon be a beta feature on the Arabic, French, Dutch and Hungarian Wikipedias. You will have to turn it on if you want to use it. It will come to more wikis later. You can [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Talk:Cats test the reply button]. It was briefly shown earlier than planned by mistake on the four first wikis last week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/09|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W09"/> 21:59, 24 februar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19795492 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/10|Tech News: 2020-10]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W10"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/10|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Readers who were not logged in briefly saw the interface in a language decided by their browser. It should normally be in the language of the wiki. This happened for a short period of time last week. This was because of a bug. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T246071] '''Changes later this week''' * If you forget your password you can ask for a new one to be sent to your email address. You need to know your email address or your username. You will now be able to choose that you need to enter both your email address and your username. This will be a preference. This is to get fewer password reset emails someone else asked for. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Tech/Password_Reset_Update] * When you asked for a new password you could see if the username didn't exist on [[Special:PasswordReset|Special:PasswordReset]]. Now the page will show the username you entered and tell you an email has been sent if the username exists. This is for better security. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Tech/Password_Reset_Update] * On [[Special:WhatLinksHere|Special:WhatLinksHere]] you can see what other pages link to a page. You can see if the link is from a redirect. You can now see which section the redirect links to. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T103281] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 3 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 4 March. It will be on all wikis from 5 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The developers are working on a [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts#Edit conflicts on talk pages|new interface]] to solve edit conflicts on talk pages. You can [[mw:Help talk:Two Column Edit Conflict View|give feedback]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230231] * There is a [[:m:Abuse filter manager/vote|vote]] on the creation of a new user group called [[:m:Abuse filter manager|abuse filter manager]]. The vote runs from March 1 to March 31 on Meta. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] <code>wgMFSpecialCaseMainPage</code> was used for the mobile site. It was deprecated in 2017. It will stop working in April. Wikis should see if they use it. If they do they should fix it. You can [[phab:T246401|read more and ask for help]]. This affects 183 wikis. There is a [[phab:T246401|list]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Mobile_Gateway/Mobile_homepage_formatting#MFSpecialCaseMainPage] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/10|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W10"/> 01:35, 3 mart 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19795492 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/11|Tech News: 2020-11]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W11"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/11|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a new search word called <code>articletopic</code>. You can use it to search for articles on a specific topic. It is available on the Arabic, Czech, English and Vietnamese Wikipedias. It will come to more Wikipedias soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T240559][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/ORES/Articletopic][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Search/articletopic] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 10 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 11 March. It will be on all wikis from 12 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * There is a plan for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/New requirements for user signatures|new requirements for user signatures]]. You can [[mw:Talk:New requirements for user signatures|give feedback]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia Android app]] will do [[:mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks#Push Notifications for editors|push notifications]] if users want them. This could help you see for example when someone wrote on your talk page or your edit was reverted. This will come later this year. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146032] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/11|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W11"/> 18:14, 9 mart 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19795492 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/12|Tech News: 2020-12]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W12"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/12|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There is a new [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Main page|API]] module for changing the content model of existing pages. Use <code>action=changecontentmodel</code> to specify the new model. You can read the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:ChangeContentModel|documentation on mediawiki.org]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T107174] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 17 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 18 March. It will be on all wikis from 19 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * If you edit a page at the same time as someone else you can get an edit conflict. There is [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts#Solution: Two Column Edit Conflict View|a new two-column interface]] to make it easier to solve this. It will soon be active by default on the German, Arabic, and Farsi Wikipedias. It will be on by default on more wikis within the next months. You will be able to opt out of the new interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139601][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T244863] * You can see [[:mw:Talk pages project/Updates#12 March 2020|a proposed design]] for replying to comments in an easier way. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/12|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W12"/> 22:18, 16 mart 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19795492 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/13|Tech News: 2020-13]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W13"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/13|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Some development will be slower than planned. This is because of the [[:w:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|current pandemic]]. You can see [[:wikitech:Deployments/Covid-19|the new deployment guidelines]]. This is to avoid risks when some persons could be unavailable. * There was a problem when adding interwiki links. The tool you use to add interwiki links could suggest the wrong project to link to. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T247712][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T247562] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 24 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 25 March. It will be on all wikis from 26 March ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * There is [[mw:Growth|a project]] to make editing easier for newcomers. The developers are trying to understand what initiatives different Wikipedias have to welcome newcomers. They also want to know which templates are often used for maintenance activities. You can help this project by [[mw:Growth/March 2020 inventory|checking if your wiki's pages are listed on Wikidata]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/13|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W13"/> 18:05, 23 mart 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19795492 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/14|Tech News: 2020-14]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W14"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/14|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The beta version of the [[:mw:Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android can now help users [[:mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks#Suggested Edits 4.0 - Tag Commons images to improve search|add tags]] on Commons. These tags are called [[c:Commons:Depicts|depicts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T239690] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 31 March. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 1 April. It will be on all wikis from 2 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The video player will change to be simpler and more modern. The current beta feature will become the video player for everyone. The old player will be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248418] * There is a project to make templates easier to use. The next few weeks the developers will present ideas on the [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|project page]]. You can watch that page if you are interested in giving feedback. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-March/093240.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/14|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W14"/> 19:24, 30 mart 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19939485 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/15|Tech News: 2020-15]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W15"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/15|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * There was a problem with user pages not being shown properly on desktop. This was because of a bug. It will soon be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248141] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 7 April. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 8 April. It will be on all wikis from 9 April ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * MediaWiki will use a newer version of [[:w:en:Unicode|Unicode]]. Some characters that did not have an upper case equivalent before do now. Titles beginning with one of these characters will be moved. A list of these titles can be seen [[phab:P10817|on Phabricator]]. The titles will be renamed by the user <code>Maintenance script</code>. This will start on 13 April 2020. You can rename them before this if you wish and the new title can be different from the one the script would rename it to. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219279] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/15|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W15"/> 21:01, 6 april 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19961131 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/16|Tech News: 2020-16]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W16"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/16|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now use the <code>[[:mw:Help:CirrusSearch#Articletopic|articletopic]]</code> search word on all Wikipedias. It searches articles by topic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T240559] * You can see wiki tools in the new [https://tools.wmflabs.org/tools-gallery/ Tools Gallery]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Technical_Community_Newsletter/2020/April] * You can see edits from the [[:wikitech:Help:Cloud Services Introduction|Wikimedia Cloud Services]] in a new [https://wmcs-edits.wmflabs.org/#wmcs-edits dashboard]. * When you use filters on a history page you sometimes don't see any edits. There is a text explaining this now. Before it was just empty. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T227578] * There is a new [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Wikimedia Technical Blog]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_technical_blog_editorial_guidelines] '''Problems''' * There was a problem with the Wikidata database last week. Some wikis went down for twenty minutes. Wikidata and other projects showed error messages. Interwiki links were not shown, some tools did not work and other problems. Some of this was fixed quickly. The developers are working on fixing the rest. [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Wikidata:Project_chat&oldid=1153486952#Update_about_the_database_breakage][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20200407-Wikidata%27s_wb_items_per_site_table_dropped][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T249565] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.28|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from April 14. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from April 15. It will be on all wikis from April 16 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * Some graphs have not worked on mobile. This will soon be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T133085] * The article tab on talk pages of redirects links to the target of the redirect. It could link to the redirect page itself instead. You can [[phab:T5324|leave feedback on this]]. * For pages using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|syntax highlighting]], the use of the deprecated <code><nowiki><source></nowiki></code> tag, as well as the use of the deprecated <code>enclose</code> parameter, will add tracking categories. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/16|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W16"/> 17:30, 13 april 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19961131 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/17|Tech News: 2020-17]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W17"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/17|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 4 May 2020. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[m:Small wiki toolkits|small wiki toolkits]] is to help smaller wikis that need technical skills. They can learn and share technical skills. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-April/093296.html] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Over-qualified CSS selectors in Wikimedia skins have been removed. <code>div#content</code> is now <code>.mw-body</code>. <code>div.portal</code> is now <code>.portal</code>. <code>div#footer</code> is now <code>#footer</code>. This is so the skins can use [[:w:en:HTML5|HTML5]] elements. If your gadgets or user styles used them you will have to update them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248137] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * Some things on the wikis might look weird or not work in [[:w:en:Internet Explorer 8|Internet Explorer 8]] in the future. Internet Explorer 8 was replaced in 2011. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248061] * The font in the diffs will change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T250393] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.30|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 28 April next week. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 29 April next week. It will be on all wikis from 30 April next week ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/17|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W17"/> 20:44, 20 april 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=19961131 --> == Technical maintenance planned == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> (Sorry for using English. {{int:please-translate}}.) A maintenance operation will be performed on Thursday 30th April at 05:00 AM UTC. It impacts all wikis and is supposed to last a few minutes. During this time, new translations may fail, and Notifications may not be delivered. For more details about the operation and on all impacted services, please check [[phab:T250733|on Phabricator]]. A banner will be displayed 30 minutes before the operation. Please help making your community aware of this maintenance operation. </div> [[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]], 20:01, 27 april 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=20019118 --> == Reminder: Technical maintenance planed == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Sorry to use English. {{int:please-translate}}. This is a reminder of the message sent on Monday 27th April. A maintenance operation will be performed on Thursday 30th April at 05:00 AM UTC. It impacts all wikis and is supposed to last a few minutes. During this time, new translations may fail, and Notifications may not be delivered. For more details about the operation and on all impacted services, please check [[phab:T250733|on Phabricator]]. A banner will be displayed 30 minutes before the operation. Please help making your community aware of this maintenance operation. </div> [[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] 17:13, 29 april 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&oldid=20024829 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/19|Tech News: 2020-19]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W19"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/19|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * [[phab:T251153|Some wikis]] will be on read-only for a few minutes on 5 May. This will happen around [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200505T05 05:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T251153] * [[phab:T251157|Some wikis]] will be on read-only for a few minutes on 7 May. This will also affect [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CentralAuth|CentralAuth]]. This can for example affect global renames, password changes, changing or confirming your email address and logging in to new wikis. This will happen around [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200507T05 05:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T251157] '''Changes later this week''' * You can get a notification when someone links to a page you created. You can soon turn these notifications off for individual pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T46787] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.31|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 5 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 6 May. It will be on all wikis from 7 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/19|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W19"/> 18:59, 4 maj 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20041690 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/20|Tech News: 2020-20]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W20"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/20|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Everyone can now import photos from [[w:en:Flickr|Flickr]] to Commons with the [[c:Special:UploadWizard|UploadWizard]]. Before this only autopatrollers on Commons could import photos from Flickr. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T90004] '''Problems''' * [[phab:T251502|Commons]] will be on read-only for a few minutes on 12 May. This will happen around [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200512T05 05:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T251502] * [[phab:T251984|Several wikis including Wikidata]] will be on read-only for a few minutes on 19 May. This will happen around [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200519T05 05:00 UTC]. English Wikipedia will be on read-only for a few minutes on 21 May [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200521T05 05:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T251984][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T251985] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.32|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 12 May. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 13 May. It will be on all wikis from 14 May ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] JavaScript scripts and gadgets can no longer check multiple keys at once via <code>mw.config.exists()</code> or <code>mw.user.tokens.exists()</code>. You can use <code>exists()</code> or <code>get()</code> to check one at a time instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T251855] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/20|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W20"/> 22:40, 11 maj 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20078386 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/21|Tech News: 2020-21]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W21"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/21|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * If you forget your password you can ask for a new one to be sent to your email address. You need to know your email address or your username. You can choose that you need to enter both your email address and your username. This is a preference. This is to get fewer password reset emails someone else asked for. This is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Tech/Password_Reset_Update#May_11,_2020][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2020-May/094804.html] '''Problems''' * There is a bug that creates problems for iPhone users with [[:w:en:IOS 13|iOS 13]] and [[w:en:Safari (web browser)|Safari]]. If you use an iPhone to read or edit Wikipedia and see bugs on the mobile site you can [[mw:Skin talk:Minerva Neue|report them]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T252223] * [[phab:T251984|Several wikis including Wikidata]] will be on read-only for a few minutes on 19 May. This will happen around [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200519T05 05:00 UTC]. English Wikipedia will be on read-only for a few minutes on 21 May [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200521T05 05:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T251984][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T251985] '''Changes later this week''' * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android can let users [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks#Suggested Edits 4.0 - Tag Commons images to improve search (to be released May 2020)|add]] [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Depicts|depicts]] on Commons. The beta version used [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Structured data/Computer-aided tagging|computer-aided tagging]]. This was removed to get more specific depicts. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks#Suggested_Edits_4.0_-_Tag_Commons_images_to_improve_search_(to_be_released_May_2020)] * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graphs]] will be [[:w:en:Rendering (computer graphics)|rendered]] in the reader's browser. This will use [[w:en:JavaScript|Javascript]]. Graphs will hopefully work better for everyone who uses Javascript. It will not work for users who don't use Javascript. This will not affect diagrams in image files. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T236892] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some CSS for the skins has been simplified. This affects <code>div#p-personal</code>, <code>div#p-navigation</code>, <code>div#p-interaction</code>, <code>div#p-tb</code>, <code>div#p-lang</code>, <code>div#p-namespaces</code>, <code>div#p-variants</code> and <code>div#footer</code>. They will have to remove <code>div</code>. You will have to update your gadgets, scripts or user styles. This is so we can use [[:w:en:HTML5|HTML5]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T252467] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some CSS for [[mw:Skin:Vector|the Vector skin]] has been changed. This affects <code>#p-variants</code>, <code>#p-namespaces</code>, <code>#p-personal</code>, <code>#p-views</code> and <code>#p-cactions</code>. They can no longer use <code>> ul</code>. You might need to update your gadgets, scripts or user styles. [[phab:T252447|See how]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/21|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W21"/> 19:18, 18 maj 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20097719 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/22|Tech News: 2020-22]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W22"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/22|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * The visual editor will now work in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Modern|Modern skin]]. The changes that needed to happen for this to work could cause problems for some scripts or gadgets. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T177243] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.34|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from May 26. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from May 27. It will be on all wikis from May 28 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/22|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W22"/> 16:17, 25 maj 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20097719 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/23|Tech News: 2020-23]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W23"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/23|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a new beta version of the [[:c:Commons:Mobile app|Wikimedia Commons app]] for Android. It has a new zoom function when you look at images. It can also suggest places when you upload geotagged photos. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-May/093431.html] '''Problems''' * There was a problem with the Commons database on 27 May. Commons could not be edited for eight minutes. Because of this problem the database was moved. This caused another short read-only time on 29 May. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20200528-s4_(commonswiki)_on_read-only_for_8_minutes][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253808][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253825] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector|Vector skin]] had a problem where you couldn't add links to the article in other languages. You couldn't see the section if there were no links to other languages already. It also removed [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|content translation]] links and links to language settings. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T252800] '''Changes later this week''' * You can get a notification when someone links to a page you created. You can turn these notifications off for individual pages. You can soon turn them off also in the notifications you get. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T46787] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.35|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 2 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 3 June. It will be on all wikis from 4 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/23|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W23"/> 00:30, 2 juni 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20097719 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/24|Tech News: 2020-24]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W24"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/24|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Some articles have tables that can be sorted in different ways. For example a list of countries can be sorted alphabetically but you can click on the size column to sort them by size. If you clicked on the column a second time it would sort the countries from the bottom to the top instead. A third click will now take you back to the original sorting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T226697] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Lint_errors/self-closed-tag|Self-closed tags]] now work as in the [[:w:en:HTML5|HTML5]] specifications. This means you should stop using some of them. <code><nowiki><b/></nowiki></code> is an example of a self-closed tag that won't work. <code>area, base, br, col, embed, hr, img, input, keygen, link, meta, param, source, track, wbr</code> can be self-closed. Pages with tags that should not be self-closed have been listed in [[:wikidata:Q25885956|a tracking category]] since 2016. They will be listed in [[Special:LintErrors/self-closed-tag]]. This doesn't affect <code><nowiki><references /></nowiki></code> or <code><nowiki><ref /></nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T134423] * There is a banner called <code>WikidataPageBanner</code>. It is for example used by the Wikivoyages, Wikimedia Russia and the Catalan, Basque, Galician and Turkish Wikipedias. It will now been seen by mobile visitors too. Before this it was only seen on desktop. The wikis should update instructions on <code>MediaWiki:Sitenotice</code> so that editors know to test and style for mobile too. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254534][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254295] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can now edit [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|MassMessage]] descriptions through the [[:w:en:Application programming interface|API]]. This is useful for tools and gadgets. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T226929] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.36|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 9 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 10 June. It will be on all wikis from 11 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * A temporary fix helped wikis make their main pages more mobile friendly. This was in 2012. It has not been recommended since 2017. It will not work after 13 July. Wikis should use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] instead. 118 wikis need to fix this. You can [[phab:T254287|read more and see if your wiki is affected]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254287] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/24|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W24"/> 23:11, 8 juni 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20156263 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/25|Tech News: 2020-25]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W25"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/25|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[m:Toolforge|Toolforge]] hosts several tools created by the Wikimedia community like edit counters or enhanced editors. It is changing the domain from '''tools.wmflabs.org''' to '''toolforge.org'''. The routing scheme is moving from '''tools.wmflabs.org/toolname''' to '''toolname.toolforge.org'''. You can [[:wikitech:News/Toolforge.org|read the details]]. Tools that use OAuth will have to be updated to keep working. You can [[:wikitech:Help:Cloud_ Services Introduction|ask for help]]. '''Problems''' * There is a Wikidata item link in the sidebar on many pages. This disappeared for a couple of days for users who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MonoBook|Monobook]] skin. This was because of a bug. It has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254485] * Editing, logging in and logging out didn't work properly for a short period of time last week. It was soon fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T255179] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.37|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 16 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 17 June. It will be on all wikis from 18 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] is a Python [[:w:en:Library (computing)|library]] to automate work on wikis. It will not support [[:w:en:Python (programming language)|Python 2]] after the new version in July. Support for Python 3.4 and MediaWiki below 1.19 will also be dropped. You should migrate to Python 3. You can [[:phab:T242120|ask for help]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/pywikibot-announce/2020-June/000015.html] * The selectors <code>.menu</code> and <code>.vectorMenu</code> will no longer work in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector|Vector]] skin. This can affect gadgets and user scripts. <code>.menu</code> should be replaced by <code>ul</code>. <code>.vectorMenu</code> should be replaced by <code>.vector-menu</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254797] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/25|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W25"/> 23:36, 15 juni 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20175854 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/26|Tech News: 2020-26]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W26"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/26|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * There are some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|new tools]] to make it easier for newcomers to start editing. They are available on [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/growthexperiments.dblist some wikis]. These wikis had a problem with the visual editor for a short period of time last week. This was because of a bug in the new tools. It was soon fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T255607] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some user scripts and gadgets stopped working because of a change to [[:w:en:CSS|CSS]] selectors. <code>.vectorTabs</code> should be replaced with <code>.vector-menu-tabs</code> to fix this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T255718] '''Changes later this week''' * The developers are working on a [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts#Edit conflicts on talk pages|new interface]] to solve edit conflicts on talk pages. This will be released on 24 June. You can [[mw:mw:Help talk:Paragraph-based Edit Conflict Interface|give feedback]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230231] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.38|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 23 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 24 June. It will be on all wikis from 25 June ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * A temporary fix helped wikis make their main pages more mobile friendly. This was in 2012. It has not been recommended since 2017. It will not work after 13 July. Wikis should use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] instead. 91 wikis still need to fix this. You can [[phab:T254287|read more and see if your wiki is affected]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254287] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/26|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W26"/> 20:48, 22 juni 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20204321 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/27|Tech News: 2020-27]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W27"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/27|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Everyone was logged out. This was because a few users saw the wikis as if they were logged in to someone else's account. The problem should be fixed now. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-June/093543.html] * Some readers didn't see new edits to pages. If the page had been recently changed they saw an older version of the page instead. This only affected readers who were logged out. It lasted for ten days. It has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T256444] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.39|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 30 June. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 1 July. It will be on all wikis from 1 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Modern|Modern]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Monobook|Monobook]] skins use the ID <code>searchGoButton</code> for the go button. This is <code>searchButton</code> for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector|Vector]]. To have the same ID for all skins it will change to <code>searchButton</code> in Monobook and Modern too. This will affect gadgets and user scripts. It will happen on 23 July. They should be updated to use <code>searchButton</code>. You can [[phab:T255953|read more and see a list of affected scripts]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/27|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W27"/> 18:30, 29 juni 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20228118 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/28|Tech News: 2020-28]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W28"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/28|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguageExtension:Score|Score]] extension has been disabled for now. This is because of a security issue. It will work again as soon as the security issue has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T257066] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.40|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 7 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 8 July. It will be on all wikis from 9 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * Abstract Wikipedia is a new Wikimedia project. It will collect language-independent information that can be easily read in different languages. It builds on Wikidata. The name is preliminary. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|read more]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-July/093571.html] * The [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS|iOS Wikipedia app]] developers are thinking about new experimental tools. If you use an iPhone you can help them by [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/2020 survey|answering the survey]]. * Some [[mw:New requirements for user signatures#Outcome|rules for user signatures]] will soon be enforced. [[Special:LintErrors|Lint errors]] and invalid HTML will no longer be allowed in user signatures. Nested substitution will not be allowed. A link to your user page, user talk page or user contributions will be required. You can [https://signatures.toolforge.org/check check if your signature works with the new rules]. This is because the signatures can cause problems for tools or other text on the page. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/28|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W28"/> 22:17, 6 juli 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20251754 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/29|Tech News: 2020-29]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W29"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/29|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Users can [[mw:Extension:Thanks|thank]] others for their edits. [[mw:Extension:CheckUser|Checkusers]] can now see user data related to that action. This can help identify [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Sock puppetry|sock puppets]] who harass others using thanks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T252226] '''Problems''' * Everyone was logged out a couple of weeks ago to fix a security problem. The problem was not entirely fixed. Because of this everyone was logged out once again last week. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-June/093543.html][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2020-July/002327.html] '''Changes later this week''' * Wikis that are not for one specific language can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Translate|translate]] pages. Sometimes parts of translations are outdated or missing. Outdated translations are marked with a <span style="background-color:#fdd">pink background</span>. Missing translations will also be marked in the future. This markup can sometimes break things. It can soon be disabled by using <code><translate nowrap></translate></code> on the source page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T256625] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/wmf.41|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 14 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 15 July. It will be on all wikis from 16 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Wikimedia code review plans to use [[:w:en:GitLab|GitLab]]. It would be hosted on Wikimedia servers. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-July/093577.html][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Technical_Community_Newsletter/2020/July][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Topic:Vpbt50rwxgb2r6qn][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-July/093607.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/29|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W29"/> 18:29, 13 juli 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20278125 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/30|Tech News: 2020-30]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W30"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/30|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * A temporary fix helped wikis make their main pages more mobile friendly. This was in 2012. It has not been recommended since 2017. The mobile main page special casing stopped working 14 July. 60 wikis now have main pages that don't work well on mobile. You can see which ones, how to fix it and how to get help [[phab:T254287|in Phabricator]]. This is the same problem that was reported in Tech News [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/24|2020/24]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/26|2020/26]]. '''Problems''' * There is a problem with the interlanguage links. The interlanguage links are the links that help you find a specific page in a different language. The sorting is broken. The developers are working on a solution. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T257625] * Some users keep getting the notifications for the same event. Some of these are old events. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T257714] * Some users have trouble logging in. This is probably a [[:w:en:HTTP cookie|browser cookie]] problem. The developers are working on understanding the problem. If you have trouble logging in you can see the details [[phab:T258121|on Phabricator]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T258121] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 21 July. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 22 July. It will be on all wikis from 23 July ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * There is a <code>{{int:printableversion}}</code> link. This will disappear. That is because web browsers today can create a printable version or show how it will look in print anyway. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T167956] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/30|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W30"/> 21:13, 20 juli 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20298484 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/31|Tech News: 2020-31]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W31"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/31|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[m:Small wiki toolkits/Starter kit|Starter kit]] is now available for wiki communities. This page lists technical resources, tools, and recommendations. These are essential to operate a wiki project. This is mostly useful for smaller wikis where the community has limited experience with this. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-July/093633.html] * The first features of the [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Desktop Improvements]] project are available for logged-in users on all wikis. In order to use them, uncheck ''{{int:prefs-vector-enable-vector-1-label}}'' in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|local]] or [[Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|global]] preferences in section ''{{int:prefs-skin-prefs}}''. More improvements are planned. [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Feedback is welcome]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] On multiple wikis, a UTCLiveClock gadget is available. For wikis that import the gadget [[:mw:MediaWiki:Gadget-UTCLiveClock.js|directly from mediawiki.org]], end users can now [[mw:MediaWiki_talk:Gadget-UTCLiveClock.js#Time_zones|choose a different timezone to show instead of UTC]]. '''Problems''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The deployment train for MediaWiki has been blocked this week. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-July/093640.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T257969] * Translation Notification Bot was sending the same message multiple times to every translator. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T144780] * Some users were receiving the same notification multiple times. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T257766] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from July 28. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from July 29. It will be on all wikis from JUly 30 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.35/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/31|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W31"/> 15:51, 27 juli 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20298484 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/32|Tech News: 2020-32]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W32"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/32|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * All queries to the [[mw:Wikidata Query Service|Wikidata Query Service]] failed between 17:50 and 17:59 UTC on Thursday 23 July. Some queries failed during a longer period. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20200723-wdqs-outage] * Interlanguage links were ordered incorrectly for the past few weeks. This problem was also mentioned in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/30|Tech News two weeks ago]]. The problem is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T257625] * There is a problem with the [[Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|global preferences]] for the "{{int:prefs-vector-enable-vector-1-label}}" option. Developers are working on fixing it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T258493] * A bug in the Wikibase extension had disabled the "move" and "create" types of protection in the main (Gallery) namespace on Wikimedia Commons. New protections could not be added, and existing protections were not enforced, allowing some page moves and page creations that should not have been possible. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T258323] '''Changes later this week''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VideoJS Player|video player]] will change to be simpler and more modern. This week, the current beta feature will become the video player for everyone on most non-Wikipedia wikis. The old player will be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248418] * Users' <code>global.js</code> and <code>global.css</code> pages will now also be loaded on the mobile site. You can read [[mw:Help:Extension:GlobalCssJs#Per-skin_customization|documentation]] for how to avoid applying styles to the mobile skin. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138727] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MonoBook|MonoBook]] skin, the <code>searchGoButton</code> identifier is now <code>searchButton</code>. This may affect CSS and JS gadgets. Migration instructions can be found in [[phab:T255953|T255953]]. This was previously mentioned in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/27|issue 27]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Bot operators can use Pywikibot to regularly archive discussions. The behavior when the bot uses <code>counter</code> to prevent large archives was changed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T215247] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from August 4. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from August 5. It will be on all wikis from August 6 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/32|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W32"/> 17:42, 3 august 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20298484 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/33|Tech News: 2020-33]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W33"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/33|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileImporter and FileExporter]] became standard features on all Wikis during the first week of August. They help you transfer files from local wikis to Wikimedia Commons with the original file information and history intact. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140462] '''Problems''' * The mobile skin displays a message at the bottom of the page about who edited last. This message showed raw wikitext. This has now been fixed. Some messages in [[mw:Structured Discussions|Structured Discussions]] and [[mw:Content translation|content translation]] may still appear as raw wikitext. Developers are working on it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259565] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from August 11. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from August 12. It will be on all wikis from August 13 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on September 1. This is planned between 13:30 and 15:30 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243314][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T244808] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/33|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W33"/> 18:06, 10 august 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tech_News_target_list_1&oldid=20353586 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/34|Tech News: 2020-34]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W34"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/34|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * If you revert an edit using the undo link your edit is marked with an <code>undo</code> tag. This will now only happen if you don't change anything in the edit window before publishing the undo. This is to keep users from marking edits as undos when they actually do something else. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259014] * The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OOUI|OOUI version]] will not work with [[:w:en:Internet Explorer 8|Internet Explorer 8]]. This means the wikis will look strange and not work well in Internet Explorer 8. This was reported in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/17|Tech/News/2020/17]]. This is because keeping the wikis working with very old browsers creates other problems. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-August/093718.html] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 18 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 19 August. It will be on all wikis from 20 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on September 1. This is planned between 13:30 and 15:30 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis next week. This is a reminder. You can help by [[m:Tech/Server switch 2020|translating the announcement message]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243314][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T244808] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/34|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W34"/> 22:40, 17 august 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20366028 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/35|Tech News: 2020-35]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W35"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/35|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 25 August. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 26 August. It will be on all wikis from 27 August ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/35|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W35"/> 19:58, 24 august 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20389773 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/36|Tech News: 2020-36]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W36"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/36|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * This is a reminder. All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on September 1. This is planned between 14:00 and 15:00 UTC. Please check on the details on [[m:Tech/Server switch 2020|the announcement message]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T243314][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T244808] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/36|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W36"/> 22:07, 31 august 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20411995 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/37|Tech News: 2020-37]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W37"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/37|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * Normally pages can be moved to a title that has no existing page yet or to a page that has only one revision, which is a redirect to the page to be moved. A new user right allows editors to move pages over one-revision pages that redirect to anywhere. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T239277] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 8 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 9 September. It will be on all wikis from 10 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] All MediaWiki [[:w:en:API|API]] modules will now use <code>watchlist</code> instead of <code>watch</code>. This was inconsistent before. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T247915] '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android|Wikipedia Android app]] team might work on patrolling tools in the future. You can let them know what tools would be useful for you or for less experienced patrollers. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Patrolling conversation|page on mediawiki.org]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/OTRS|OTRS]] will be updated to a new version. This will probably take around two days. OTRS agents will not have access to the system during these days. Emails that come in during the update will be delivered when the update is done. The plan is to start around 08:00 UTC on 14 September. This could change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187984] * The Wikipedia Android app will send [[:mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/AppEditorTasks#Push Notifications for editors|push notifications]] if users want them. This could help you see for example when someone wrote on your talk page or your edit was reverted. This will need [[:w:en:Google Play Services|Google Play Services]] to work. It will also be possible to get the app without Google Play Services but push notifications will not work. Google Play Services is also used to make the app work for [[:w:en:Android KitKat|Android 4.4]] users. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android#Updates][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146032] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Wikimedia code review could move to [[:w:en:GitLab|GitLab]]. It would be hosted on Wikimedia servers. You can take part in the [[mw:GitLab consultation|consultation]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Dropdown menus in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector|the Vector skin]] use a <code>.menu</code> class. This will not work in the future. Scripts can use <code>nav ul</code> instead. <code>.vectorTabs</code> and <code>.vectorMenu</code> will also not work. Some scripts need to be updated. You can [[phab:T262092|read more in Phabricator]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/37|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W37"/> 17:59, 7 septembar 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20427670 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/38|Tech News: 2020-38]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W38"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/38|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia apps]] briefly showed pages without [[w:en:CSS|CSS]] last week. This meant they looked wrong. It was quickly fixed but cached pages without CSS were shown for a few hours. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/20200909-mobileapps_config_change][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262437] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 15 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 16 September. It will be on all wikis from 17 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/38|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W38"/> 18:18, 14 septembar 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20446737 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/39|Tech News: 2020-39]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W39"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/39|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a new tag for reverted edits. For example you can see it in the recent changes feed or in the article history. It is added to edits when they have been undone, rollbacked or manually reverted to an older version of the page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254074][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T164307] '''Changes later this week''' * The number of times you can do something in a period of time on wiki is limited. This could be the number of edits per minute or the number of users you email in a day. Some users are not affected by all limits because of their user rights. They could soon see the limit even if it does not affect them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T258888] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 22 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 23 September. It will be on all wikis from 24 September ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/39|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W39"/> 23:26, 21 septembar 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20461072 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/40|Tech News: 2020-40]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W40"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/40|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Admins can now see links to diffs of deleted revisions on [[Special:AbuseLog|Special:AbuseLog]]. This uses the interface of [[Special:Undelete|Special:Undelete]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T261630] * Editors are automatically added to some user groups. For example editors are added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Autoconfirmed users|autoconfirmed users]] when they have edited enough times and long enough. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|Abuse filters]] can hinder users from automatically getting user rights for a period of time. They can also remove rights user have. Wikis can now ask to change how long this period of time is for their wiki [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projectPHIDs=Wikimedia-Site-requests in Phabricator]. It is currently five days. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T231756] '''Problems''' * [[m:Tech/News/2019/34|Last year]] some abuse filters stopped working because of a new change. If they tried to use variables that were unavailable for that action they would fail. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T230256] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 29 September. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 30 September. It will be on all wikis from 1 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * You can't see the language links to other language versions from the talk page or history page. They are also not shown when you edit an article. This could change. It is not decided if for example the history page should link to another history page or to the article. You can take part in the [[phab:T262472|discussion in Phabricator]]. * The link colours could change. This is to make the difference between links and other text more clear. You can [[phab:T213778|read more in Phabricator]]. * In your preferences you can choose to get different notifications on the web or by email. You will see <code>Apps</code> as one of the alternatives later this week. This is because the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps|Android and iOS Wikipedia apps]] will use push notifications for those who want them. You can see the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-echo preferences] on the test wiki. The goal is to have push notifications on Android in October and on iOS in early 2021. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262936] * You can soon put pages on your watchlist for a limited time. This could be useful if you want to watch something for a shorter time but don't want it on your watchlist forever. It now works on [[mw:MediaWiki|mediawiki.org]] and will come to more wikis later. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech/Watchlist Expiry|read more]] and [[m:Community Tech/Watchlist Expiry/Release Schedule|see when it will come to other wikis]]. * You can see what Wikimedians think are the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|best new technical tools this year]]. You can also nominate them. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/40|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W40"/> 23:23, 28 septembar 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20483264 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/41|Tech News: 2020-41]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W41"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/41|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a [https://consultation-stats.toolforge.org/ new tool] where you can see which home wiki users have in discussions on Meta. This can help show which communities are not part of the discussion on wikis where we make decisions that affect many other wikis. * You can now thank users for file uploads or for changing the language of a page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254992] '''Problems''' * There were many errors with the new MediaWiki version last week. The new version was rolled back. Updates that should have happened last week are late. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263177] * Everyone was logged out. This was because a user reported being logged in to someone else's account. The problem should be fixed now. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-October/093922.html] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Many pages have [[:w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] errors. You can [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2020/09/28/diving-into-wikipedias-ocean-of-errors/ read more] and now [[:w:en:User:Jdlrobson/User scripts with client errors|see a list of user scripts with errors]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 6 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 7 October. It will be on all wikis from 8 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Letters immediately after a link are shown as part of the link. For example the entire word in <code><nowiki>[[Child]]ren</nowiki></code> is linked. On Arabic wikis this works at both the start and end of a word. Previously on Arabic wikis numbers and other non-letter Unicode characters were shown as part of the link at the start of a word but not at the end. Now only Latin and Arabic letters will extend links on Arabic wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263266] '''Future changes''' * You will be able to read but not to edit the wikis for up to an hour on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1603807200 27 October around 14:00 (UTC)]. It will probably be shorter than an hour. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T264364] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/41|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W41"/> 18:24, 5 oktobar 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20515061 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/42|Tech News: 2020-42]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W42"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/42|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * Because of the problems with the MediaWiki version two weeks ago last week's updates are also late. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263177][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263178][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-October/093944.html] '''Changes later this week''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Live preview|Live previews]] didn't show the templates used in the preview if you just edited a section. This has now been fixed. You can also test [[w:en:CSS|CSS]] and [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] pages even if you have the live preview enabled. Previously this didn't work well. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T102286][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T186390] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from 13 October. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from 14 October. It will be on all wikis from 15 October ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] A new stable version of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] is coming soon. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/pywikibot/2020-October/010056.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/42|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W42"/> 17:24, 12 oktobar 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20528295 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/43|Tech News: 2020-43]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W43"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/43|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2020-10-20|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2020-10-21|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2020-10-22|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * You will be able to read but not to edit the wikis for up to an hour on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1603807200 {{#time:j xg|2020-10-27|en}} around 14:00 (UTC)]. It will probably be shorter than an hour. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T264364] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] extension, the <code dir=ltr>rmspecials()</code> function will be updated soon so that it does not remove the "space" character. Wikis are advised to wrap all the uses of <code dir=ltr>rmspecials()</code> with <code dir=ltr>rmwhitespace()</code> wherever necessary to keep filters' behavior unchanged. You can use the search function on [[Special:AbuseFilter]] to locate its usage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263024] * Some gadgets and user-scripts use the HTML div with the ID <code dir=ltr style="white-space:nowrap;">#jump-to-nav</code>. This div will be removed soon. Maintainers should replace these uses with either <code dir=ltr>#siteSub</code> or <code dir=ltr style="white-space:nowrap;">#mw-content-text</code>. A list of affected scripts is at the top of [[phab:T265373]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/43|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W43"/> 18:30, 19 oktobar 2020 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20550811 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/44|Tech News: 2020-44]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W44"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/44|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * You will be able to read but not to edit the wikis for up to an hour on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1603807200 October 27 around 14:00 (UTC)]. It will probably be shorter than an hour. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T264364] * Last week, links to "diffs" from mobile watchlists and recentchanges were linking to page-revisions instead of diffs. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265654] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * Since the introduction of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface administrators]] user group in 2018, administrators couldn’t view the deleted history of CSS/JS pages. Now they can. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T202989] * There was a problem with the [[Special:Tags|Change Tags]]. The software would apply the "{{int:Tag-mw-reverted}}" tag to any page actions such as page-protection changes if they came directly after a reverted edit. This has now been fixed for new edits. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265312] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying|Reply tool]] will be offered as an opt-in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Feature|Beta Feature]] on most Wikipedias in November. Another announcement will be made once the date is finalized. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T266303] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/44|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W44"/> 18:38, 26 oktobar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20574890 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/45|Tech News: 2020-45]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W45"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/45|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can no longer read Wikimedia wikis if your browser uses very old [[:w:en:Transport Layer Security|TLS]]. This is because it is a security problem for everyone. It could lead to [[:w:en:Downgrade attack|downgrade attacks]]. Since October 29, 2020, users who use old TLS versions will not be able to connect to Wikimedia projects. A list of [[:wikitech:HTTPS/Browser Recommendations|browser recommendations]] is available. All modern operating systems and browsers are always able to reach Wikimedia projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T258405] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There is a new automatic [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tracking categories|tracking category]] available: [[:{{ns:14}}:{{MediaWiki:nonnumeric-formatnum}}|Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments]]. It collects pages which use the <code><nowiki>{{formatnum}}</nowiki></code> parser function with invalid (non-numeric) input, ''e.g.'' <code><nowiki>{{formatnum:TECHNEWS}}</nowiki></code>. Note that <code><nowiki>{{formatnum:123,456}}</nowiki></code> is also invalid input: as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#formatnum|documentation]], the argument should be <u>unformatted</u> so that it can be reliably and correctly localised. The tracking category will help identify problematic usage and double-formatting. The new tracking category's name can be [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&showMessage=nonnumeric-formatnum&group=core&optional=1&action=translate translated at translatewiki]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T237467] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from November 3. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from November 4. It will be on all wikis from November 5 ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Administrators and stewards will be able to use a special page (Special:CreateLocalAccount) to force local account creation for a global account. This is useful when account creation is blocked for that user (by a block or a filter). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259721] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying|Reply tool]] will be offered as an opt-in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Feature|Beta Feature]] on most Wikipedias on November 4. This change excludes the English, Russian, and German-language Wikipedias, plus a few smaller Wikipedias with special circumstances. You can read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|the help page]] and [[mw:Help:DiscussionTools/Why can't I reply to this comment?|the troubleshooting guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T266303] '''Future changes''' * A discussion has been restarted about using a Unicode minus sign (− U+2212) in the output of <code><nowiki>{{formatnum}}</nowiki></code> when it is given a negative argument. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T10327] * In the future [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|IP addresses of unregistered users will not be shown for everyone]]. They will get an alias instead. There will be a new user right or an opt-in function for more vandal fighters to see the IPs of unregistered users. There would be some criteria for who gets the user right or opt-in. There will also be other new tools to help handle vandalism. This is early in the process and the developers are still collecting information from the communities before they suggest solutions. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/45|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W45"/> 17:08, 2 novembar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20604769 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/46|Tech News: 2020-46]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W46"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/46|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * You can see [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews|reference previews]]. This shows a preview of the footnote when you hover over it. This has been a [[mw:Beta Features|beta feature]]. It will move out of beta and be enabled by default. There will be an option not to use it. The developers are looking for small or medium-sized wikis to be the first ones. You can [[m:User talk:Michael Schönitzer (WMDE)|let them know]] if your wiki is interested. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2020-November/002373.html] * From November 16 the categories will not be sorted in order for a short time. This is because the developers are upgrading to a new version of the [[:w:en:International Components for Unicode|internationalisation library]]. They will use a script to fix the existing categories. This can take a few hours or a few days depending on how big the wiki is. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Technical Operations/ICU announcement|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T264991][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267145] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/46|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W46"/> 16:49, 9 novembar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20634159 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/47|Tech News: 2020-47]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W47"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/47|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Listings on category pages are sorted on each wiki for that language using a [[:w:en:International Components for Unicode|library]]. For a brief period on 16 November, changes to categories will not be sorted correctly for most languages. This is because the developers are upgrading to a new version of the library. They will then use a script to fix the existing categories. This will take a few hours or a few days depending on how big the wiki is. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Technical Operations/ICU announcement|read more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T264991][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267145] '''Changes later this week''' * If you merged two pages in a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespaces|namespace]] where pages can't redirect this used to break the merge history. This will now be fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T93469] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2020-11-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2020-11-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2020-11-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|Community Wishlist Survey]] is now open for proposals. The survey decides what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on. You can post proposals from 16 to 30 November. You can vote on proposals from 8 December to 21 December. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/47|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W47"/> 16:36, 16 novembar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20669023 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/48|Tech News: 2020-48]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W48"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/48|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Timestamps in [[Special:Log|Special:Log]] are now links. They go to Special:Log for only that entry. This is how timestamps work on for example the history page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T207562] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The Wikimedia [[wikitech:Portal:Cloud VPS|Cloud VPS]] hosts technical projects for the Wikimedia movement. Developers need to [[wikitech:News/Cloud VPS 2020 Purge|claim projects]] they use. This is because old and unused projects are removed once a year. Unclaimed projects can be shut down from 1 December. Unclaimed projects can be deleted from 1 January. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-November/094054.html] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/48|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W48"/> 18:18, 23 novembar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20698111 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/49|Tech News: 2020-49]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W49"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/49|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2020-12-01|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2020-12-02|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2020-12-03|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS|iOS Wikipedia app]] will show readers more of the article history. They can see new updates and easier see how the article has changed over time. This is an experiment. It will first be shown only to some iOS app users as a [[:w:en:A/B testing|test]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T241253][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Breaking_Down_the_Wall] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[wikitech:Wiki replicas|Wiki Replicas]] can be used for [[:w:en:SQL|SQL]] queries. You can use [https://quarry.wmflabs.org/ Quarry], [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/PAWS PAWS] or other ways to do this. To make the Wiki Replicas stable there will be two changes. Cross-database <code>JOINS</code> will no longer work. You can also only query a database if you connect to it directly. This will happen in February 2021. If you think this affects you and you need help you can [[phab:T268498|post on Phabricator]] or on [[wikitech:Talk:News/Wiki Replicas 2020 Redesign|Wikitech]]. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Wiki_Replicas_2020_Redesign] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/49|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W49"/> 18:44, 30 novembar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20728523 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/50|Tech News: 2020-50]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W50"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/50|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now put pages on your watchlist for a limited period of time. Some wikis already had this function. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Tech/Watchlist_Expiry][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Watchlist_expiry] '''Changes later this week''' * Information from Wikidata that is used on a wiki page can be shown in recent changes and watchlists on a Wikimedia wiki. To see this you need to turn on showing Wikidata edits in your watchlist in the preferences. Changes to the Wikidata description in the language of a Wikimedia wiki will then be shown in recent changes and watchlists. This will not show edits to languages that are not relevant to your wiki. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikidata/2020-November/014402.html][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191831] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2020-12-08|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2020-12-09|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2020-12-10|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * You can vote on proposals in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|Community Wishlist Survey]] between 8 December and 21 December. The survey decides what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/50|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W50"/> 17:14, 7 decembar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20754641 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/51|Tech News: 2020-51]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W51"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/51|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a [[mw:Wikipedia for KaiOS|Wikipedia app]] for [[:w:en:KaiOS|KaiOS]] phones. It was released in India in September. It can now be downloaded in other countries too. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/12/10/growing-wikipedias-reach-with-an-app-for-kaios-feature-phones/] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2020-12-15|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2020-12-16|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2020-12-17|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/51|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W51"/> 22:33, 14 decembar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20803489 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/52|Tech News: 2020-52]] == <section begin="technews-2020-W52"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/52|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * Because of the [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|holidays]] the next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 11 January 2021. '''Recent changes''' * The <code><nowiki>{{citation needed}}</nowiki></code> template shows when a statement in a Wikipedia article needs a source. If you click on it when you edit with the visual editor there is a popup that explains this. Now it can also show the reason and when it was added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270107] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week or next week. '''Future changes''' * You can [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Geoinformation/Ideas|propose and discuss]] what technical improvements should be done for geographic information. This could be coordinates, maps or other related things. * Some wikis use [[mw:Writing systems/LanguageConverter|LanguageConverter]] to switch between writing systems or variants of a language. This can only be done for the entire page. There will be a <code><nowiki><langconvert></nowiki></code> tag that can convert a piece of text on a page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263082] * Oversighters and stewards can hide entries in [[Special:AbuseLog|Special:AbuseLog]]. They can soon hide multiple entries at once using checkboxes. This works like hiding normal edits. It will happen in early January. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T260904] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2020/52|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2020-W52"/> 21:52, 21 decembar 2020 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20833836 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/02|Tech News: 2021-02]] == <section begin="technews-2021-W02"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/02|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can choose to be reminded when you have not added an edit summary. This can be done in your preferences. This could conflict with the [[:w:en:CAPTCHA|CAPTCHA]]. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T12729] * You can link to specific log entries. You can get these links for example by clicking the timestamps in the log. Until now, such links to private log entries showed no entry even if you had permission to view private log entries. The links now show the entry. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T269761] * Admins can use the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filter tool]] to automatically prevent bad edits. Three changes happened last week: ** The filter editing interface now shows syntax errors while you type. This is similar to JavaScript pages. It also shows a warning for regular expressions that match the empty string. New warnings will be added later. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T187686] ** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:Oversighters|Oversighters]] can now hide multiple filter log entries at once using checkboxes on [[Special:AbuseLog]]. This is how the usual revision deletion works. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T260904] ** When a filter matches too many actions after it has been changed it is "throttled". The most powerful actions are disabled. This is to avoid many editors getting blocked when an administrator made a mistake. The administrator will now get a notification about this "throttle". * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There is a new tool to [https://skins.wmflabs.org/?#/add build new skins]. You can also [https://skins.wmflabs.org/?#/ see] existing [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Skins|skins]]. You can [[mw:User talk:Jdlrobson|give feedback]]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2020-December/094130.html] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Bots using the API no longer watch pages automatically based on account preferences. Setting the <code>watchlist</code> to <code>watch</code> will still work. This is to reduce the size of the watchlist data in the database. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T258108] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto's]] [[:mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#File metadata|file metadata]] now includes length. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T209679] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:w:en:CSS|CSS]] and [[:w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] code pages now have link anchors to [https://patchdemo.wmflabs.org/wikis/40e4795d4448b55a6d8c46ff414bcf78/w/index.php/MediaWiki:En.js#L-125 line numbers]. You can use wikilinks like [[:w:en:MediaWiki:Common.js#L-50]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29531] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] There was a [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki last week. You can read [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.25/Changelog|a detailed log]] of all 763 changes. Most of them are very small and will not affect you. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/02|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2021-W02"/> 16:40, 11 januar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20950047 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/03|Tech News: 2021-03]] == <section begin="technews-2021-W03"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/03|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.27|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|Growth team]] plans to add features to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Newcomer tasks/Experiment analysis, November 2020|get more visitors to edit]] to more Wikipedias. You can help [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&group=ext-growthexperiments&language=&filter=&action=translate translating the interface]. * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikimedia Commons for a short time on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210126T07 {{#time:j xg|2021-01-26|en}} at 07:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271791] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|MassMessage]] posts could be automatically timestamped in the future. This is because MassMessage senders can now send pages using MassMessage. Pages are more difficult to sign. If there are times when a MassMessage post should not be timestamped you can [[phab:T270435|let the developers know]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/03|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2021-W03"/> 17:09, 18 januar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=20974628 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/04|Tech News: 2021-04]] == <section begin="technews-2021-W04"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/04|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * You will be able to read but not to edit Wikimedia Commons for a short time on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210126T07 {{#time:j xg|2021-01-26|en}} at 07:00 (UTC)]. You will not be able to read or edit [[:wikitech:Main Page|Wikitech]] for a short time on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210128T09 {{#time:j xg|2021-01-28|en}} at 09:00 (UTC)]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271791][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T272388] '''Changes later this week''' * [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|Bracket matching]] will be added to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] syntax highlighter on the first wikis. The first wikis are German and Catalan Wikipedia and maybe other Wikimedia wikis. This will happen on 27 January. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270238] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.28|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-01-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/04|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2021-W04"/> 19:29, 25 januar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21007423 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/05|Tech News: 2021-05]] == <section begin="technews-2021-W05"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/05|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * [[:w:en:IPv6|IPv6 addresses]] were written in lowercase letters in diffs. This caused dead links since [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] only accepted uppercase letters for the IPs. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T272225] '''Changes later this week''' * You can soon use Wikidata to link to pages on the multilingual Wikisource. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138332] * Often editors use a "non-breaking space" to make a gap between two items when reading but still show them together. This can be used to avoid a line break. You will now be able to add new ones via the special character tool in the 2010, 2017, and visual editors. The character will be shown in the visual editor as a space with a grey background. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T70429][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T96666] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=| Advanced item]] Wikis use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]] to stop bad edits being made. Filter maintainers can now use syntax like <code>1.2.3.4 - 1.2.3.55</code> as well as the <code>1.2.3.4/27</code> syntax for IP ranges. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T218074] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.29|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva]] is the skin Wikimedia wikis use for mobile traffic. When a page is protected and you can't edit it you can normally read the source wikicode. This doesn't work on Minerva on mobile devices. This is being fixed. Some text might overlap. This is because your community needs to update [[MediaWiki:Protectedpagetext|MediaWiki:Protectedpagetext]] to work on mobile. You can [[phab:T208827|read more]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Recommendations_for_mobile_friendly_articles_on_Wikimedia_wikis#Inline_styles_should_not_use_properties_that_impact_sizing_and_positioning][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Recommendations_for_mobile_friendly_articles_on_Wikimedia_wikis#Avoid_tables_for_anything_except_data] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:wikitech:Portal:Cloud VPS|Cloud VPS]] and [[:wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Toolforge]] will change the IP address they use to contact the wikis. The new IP address will be <code>185.15.56.1</code>. This will happen on February 8. You can [[:wikitech:News/CloudVPS NAT wikis|read more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/05|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2021-W05"/> 23:37, 1 februar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21033195 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/06|Tech News: 2021-06]] == <section begin="technews-2021-W06"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/06|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps|Wikipedia app]] for Android now has watchlists and talk pages in the app. [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.wikipedia] '''Changes later this week''' * You can see edits to chosen pages on [[Special:Watchlist|Special:Watchlist]]. You can add pages to your watchlist on every wiki you like. The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|GlobalWatchlist]] extension will come to Meta on 11 February. There you can see entries on watched pages on different wikis on the same page. The new watchlist will be found on [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Special:GlobalWatchlist]] on Meta. You can choose which wikis to watch and other preferences on [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlistSettings|Special:GlobalWatchlistSettings]] on Meta. You can watch up to five wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T260862] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.30|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * When admins [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Protecting and unprotecting pages|protect]] pages the form will use the [[mw:UX standardization|OOUI look]]. [[Special:Import|Special:Import]] will also get the new look. This will make them easier to use on mobile phones. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T235424][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108792] * Some services will not work for a short period of time from 07:00 UTC on 17 February. There might be problems with new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|short links]], new translations, new notifications, adding new items to your [[mw:Reading/Reading Lists|reading lists]] or recording [[:w:en:Email#Tracking of sent mail|email bounces]]. This is because of database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273758] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[m:Tech/News/2021/05|Last week]] Tech News reported that the IP address [[:wikitech:Portal:Cloud VPS|Cloud VPS]] and [[:wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Toolforge]] use to contact the wikis will change on 8 February. This is delayed. It will happen later instead. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/CloudVPS_NAT_wikis] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/06|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2021-W06"/> 18:40, 8 februar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21082948 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/07|Tech News: 2021-07]] == <section begin="technews-2021-W07"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/07|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * There were problems with recent versions of MediaWiki. Because the updates caused problems the developers rolled back to an earlier version. Some updates and new functions will come later than planned. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2021-February/094255.html][https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2021-February/094271.html] * Some services will not work for a short period of time from 07:00 UTC on 17 February. There might be problems with new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|short links]], new translations, new notifications, adding new items to your [[mw:Reading/Reading Lists|reading lists]] or recording [[:w:en:Email#Tracking of sent mail|email bounces]]. This is because of database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273758] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.31|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/07|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2021-W07"/> 18:54, 15 februar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21105437 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/08|Tech News: 2021-08]] == <div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/08|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The visual editor will now use [[:c:Commons:Structured data/Media search|MediaSearch]] to find images. You can search for images on Commons in the visual editor when you are looking for illustrations. This is to help editors find better images. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259896] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|syntax highlighter]] now works with more languages: [[:w:en:Futhark (programming language)|Futhark]], [[:w:en:Graphviz|Graphviz]]/[[:w:en:DOT (graph description language)|DOT]], CDDL and AMDGPU. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T274741] '''Problems''' * Editing a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:EasyTimeline|timeline]] might have removed all text from it. This was because of a bug and has been fixed. You might need to edit the timeline again for it to show properly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T274822] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.32|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-02-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] There is a [[:m:Wikimedia Rust developers user group|user group]] for developers and users interested in working on Wikimedia wikis with the [[:w:en:Rust (programming language)|Rust programming language]]. You can join or tell others who want to make your wiki better in the future. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div> ---- 01:16, 23 februar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21134058 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/09|Tech News: 2021-09]] == <div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/09|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth team tools]] can now show the name of a newcomer's mentor anywhere [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship/Integrating_mentorship|through a magic word]]. This can be used for welcome messages or userboxes. * A new version of the [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:VideoCutTool|VideoCutTool]] is now available. It enables cropping, trimming, audio disabling, and rotating video content. It is being created as part of the developer outreach programs. '''Problems''' * There was a problem with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Job queue|job queue]]. This meant some functions did not save changes and mass messages were delayed. This did not affect wiki edits. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275437] * Some editors may not be logged in to their accounts automatically in the latest versions of Firefox and Safari. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T226797] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.33|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div> ---- 20:06, 1 mart 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21161722 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/10|Tech News: 2021-10]] == <section begin="technews-2021-W10"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/10|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation|Section translation]] now works on Bengali Wikipedia. It helps mobile editors translate sections of articles. It will come to more wikis later. The first focus is active wikis with a smaller number of articles. You can [https://sx.wmflabs.org/index.php/Main_Page test it] and [[mw:Talk:Content translation/Section translation|leave feedback]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:FlaggedRevs|Flagged revisions]] now give admins the review right. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275293] * When someone links to a Wikipedia article on Twitter this will now show a preview of the article. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T276185] '''Problems''' * Many graphs have [[:w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] errors. Graph editors can check their graphs in their browser's developer console after editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275833] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.34|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The [[mw:Talk pages project/New discussion|New Discussion]] tool will soon be a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|discussion tools]] beta feature for on most Wikipedias. The goal is to make it easier to start new discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275257] '''Future changes''' * There will be a number of changes to make it easier to work with templates. Some will come to the first wikis in March. Other changes will come to the first wikis in June. This is both for those who use templates and those who create or maintain them. You can [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|read more]]. * [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Reference Previews]] will become a default feature on some wikis on 17 March. They will share a setting with [[mw:Page Previews|Page Previews]]. If you prefer the Reference Tooltips or Navigation-Popups gadget you can keep using them. If so Reference Previews won't be shown. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271206][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews] * New JavaScript-based functions will not work in [[:w:en:Internet Explorer 11|Internet Explorer 11]]. This is because Internet Explorer is an old browser that doesn't work with how JavaScript is written today. Everything that works in Internet Explorer 11 today will continue working in Internet Explorer for now. You can [[mw:Compatibility/IE11|read more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/10|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2021-W10"/> 18:50, 8 mart 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21175593 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/11|Tech News: 2021-11]] == <section begin="technews-2021-W11"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/11|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Wikis that are part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|desktop improvements]] project can now use a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Search|search function]]. The desktop improvements and the new search will come to more wikis later. You can also [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements#Deployment plan and timeline|test it early]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Editors who put up banners or change site-wide [[:w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] code should use the [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/000000566/overview?viewPanel=16&orgId=1 client error graph] to see that their changes has not caused problems. You can [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2021/03/08/sailing-steady%e2%80%8a-%e2%80%8ahow-you-can-help-keep-wikimedia-sites-error-free read more]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T276296] '''Problems''' * Due to [[phab:T276968|database issues]] the [https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org Wikimedia Beta Cluster] was read-only for over a day. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.34|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * You can add a [[:w:en:Newline|newline]] or [[:w:en:Carriage return|carriage return]] character to a custom signature if you use a template. There is a proposal to not allow them in the future. This is because they can cause formatting problems. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/New_requirements_for_user_signatures#Additional_proposal_(2021)][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T272322] * You will be able to read but not edit [[phab:T276899|12 wikis]] for a short period of time on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210323T06 {{#time:j xg|2021-03-23|en}} at 06:00 (UTC)]. This could take 30 minutes but will probably be much faster. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] You can use [https://quarry.wmflabs.org/ Quarry] for [[:w:en:SQL|SQL]] queries to the [[wikitech:Wiki replicas|Wiki Replicas]]. Cross-database <code>JOINS</code> will no longer work from 23 March. There will be a new field to specify the database to connect to. If you think this affects you and you need help you can [[phab:T268498|post on Phabricator]] or on [[wikitech:Talk:News/Wiki Replicas 2020 Redesign|Wikitech]]. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/PAWS PAWS] and other ways to do [[:w:en:SQL|SQL]] queries to the Wiki Replicas will be affected later. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Wiki_Replicas_2020_Redesign] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/11|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2021-W11"/> 00:20, 16 mart 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21226057 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/12|Tech News: 2021-12]] == <section begin="technews-2021-W12"/><div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/12|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a [[mw:Wikipedia for KaiOS|Wikipedia app]] for [[:w:en:KaiOS|KaiOS]] phones. They don't have a touch screen so readers navigate with the phone keys. There is now a [https://wikimedia.github.io/wikipedia-kaios/sim.html simulator] so you can see what it looks like. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Replying|reply tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion|new discussion tool]] are now available as the "{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}" [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] in almost all wikis except German Wikipedia. '''Problems''' * You will be able to read but not edit [[phab:T276899|twelve wikis]] for a short period of time on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210323T06 {{#time:j xg|2021-03-23|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} at 06:00 (UTC)]. This can also affect password changes, logging in to new wikis, global renames and changing or confirming emails. This could take 30 minutes but will probably be much faster. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.36|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[:w:en:Syntax highlighting|Syntax highlighting]] colours will change to be easier to read. This will soon come to the [[phab:T276346|first wikis]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Improved_Color_Scheme_of_Syntax_Highlighting] '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|Flagged revisions]] will no longer have multiple tags like "tone" or "depth". It will also only have one tier. This was changed because very few wikis used these features and they make the tool difficult to maintain. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T185664][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T277883] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Gadgets and user scripts can access variables about the current page in JavaScript. In 2015 this was moved from <code dir=ltr>wg*</code> to <code dir=ltr>mw.config</code>. <code dir=ltr>wg*</code> will soon no longer work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T72470] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/12|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div></div> <section end="technews-2021-W12"/> 17:51, 22 mart 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21244806 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/13|Tech News: 2021-13]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/13|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Some very old [[:w:en:Web browser|web browsers]] [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility|don’t work]] well with the Wikimedia wikis. Some old code for browsers that used to be supported is being removed. This could cause issues in those browsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T277803] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:m:IRC/Channels#Raw_feeds|IRC recent changes feeds]] have been moved to a new server. Make sure all tools automatically reconnect to <code>irc.wikimedia.org</code> and not to the name of any specific server. Users should also consider switching to the more modern [[:wikitech:Event Platform/EventStreams|EventStreams]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T224579] '''Problems''' * When you move a page that many editors have on their watchlist the history can be split. It might also not be possible to move it again for a while. This is because of a [[:w:en:Job queue|job queue]] problem. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T278350] * Some translatable pages on Meta could not be edited. This was because of a bug in the translation tool. The new MediaWiki version was delayed because of problems like this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T278429][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T274940] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.37|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-03-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 19:28, 29 mart 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21267131 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/14|Tech News: 2021-14]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/14|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Editors can collapse part of an article so you have to click on it to see it. When you click a link to a section inside collapsed content it will now expand to show the section. The browser will scroll down to the section. Previously such links didn't work unless you manually expanded the content first. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T276741] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|citoid]] [[:w:en:API|API]] will use for example <code>2010-12-XX</code> instead of <code>2010-12</code> for dates with a month but no days. This is because <code>2010-12</code> could be confused with <code>2010-2012</code> instead of <code>December 2010</code>. This is called level 1 instead of level 0 in the [https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/ Extended Date/Time Format]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132308] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/wmf.38|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.36/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[:wikitech:PAWS|PAWS]] can now connect to the new [[:wikitech:Wiki Replicas|Wiki Replicas]]. Cross-database <code>JOINS</code> will no longer work from 28 April. There is [[:wikitech:News/Wiki Replicas 2020 Redesign#How should I connect to databases in PAWS?|a new way to connect]] to the databases. Until 28 April both ways to connect to the databases will work. If you think this affects you and you need help you can post [[phab:T268498|on Phabricator]] or on [[wikitech:Talk:News/Wiki Replicas 2020 Redesign|Wikitech]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 21:38, 5 april 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21287348 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/16|Tech News: 2021-16]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/16|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Email to the Wikimedia wikis are handled by groups of Wikimedia editors. These volunteer response teams now use [https://github.com/znuny/Znuny Znuny] instead of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/OTRS|OTRS]]. The functions and interface remain the same. The volunteer administrators will give more details about the next steps soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T279303][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275294] * If you use [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighting]], you can see line numbers in the 2010 and 2017 wikitext editors when editing templates. This is to make it easier to see line breaks or talk about specific lines. Line numbers will soon come to all namespaces. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T267911][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Line_Numbering][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Line_Numbering] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Because of a technical change there could be problems with gadgets and scripts that have an edit summary area that looks [https://phab.wmfusercontent.org/file/data/llvdqqnb5zpsfzylbqcg/PHID-FILE-25vs4qowibmtysl7cbml/Screen_Shot_2021-04-06_at_2.34.04_PM.png similar to this one]. If they look strange they should use <code>mw.loader.using('mediawiki.action.edit.styles')</code> to go back to how they looked before. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T278898] * The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.1|latest version]] of MediaWiki came to the Wikimedia wikis last week. There was no Tech News issue last week. '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * The user group <code>oversight</code> will be renamed <code>suppress</code>. This is for [[phab:T109327|technical reasons]]. This is the technical name. It doesn't affect what you call the editors with this user right on your wiki. This is planned to happen in two weeks. You can comment [[phab:T112147|in Phabricator]] if you have objections. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 18:47, 19 april 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21356080 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/17|Tech News: 2021-17]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/17|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Templates have parameters that can have specific values. It is possible to suggest values for editors with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TemplateData|TemplateData]]. You can soon see them as a drop-down list in the visual editor. This is to help template users find the right values faster. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273857][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Suggested_values_for_template_parameters][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Suggested_values_for_template_parameters] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-04-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 23:22, 26 april 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21391118 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/18|Tech News: 2021-18]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/18|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Twinkle|Twinkle]] is a gadget on English Wikipedia. It can help with maintenance and patrolling. It can [[m:Grants:Project/Rapid/SD0001/Twinkle localisation/Report|now be used on other wikis]]. You can get Twinkle on your wiki using the [https://github.com/wikimedia-gadgets/twinkle-starter twinkle-starter] GitHub repository. '''Problems''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|content translation tool]] did not work for many articles for a little while. This was because of a bug. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281346] * Some things will not work for about a minute on 5 May. This will happen [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210505T0600 around 06:00 UTC]. This will affect the content translation tool and notifications among other things. This is because of an upgrade to avoid crashes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281212] '''Changes later this week''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] will become a default feature on a number of wikis on 5 May. This is later than planned because of some changes. You can use it without using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|Page Previews]] if you want to. The earlier plan was to have the preference to use both or none. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271206][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[:w:en:CSS|CSS]] classes <code dir=ltr>.error</code>, <code dir=ltr>.warning</code> and <code dir=ltr>.success</code> do not work for mobile readers if they have not been specifically defined on your wiki. From June they will not work for desktop readers. This can affect gadgets and templates. The classes can be defined in [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] or template styles instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280766] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 17:42, 3 maj 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21418010 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/19|Tech News: 2021-19]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/19|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * You can see what participants plan to work on at the online [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon 2021|Wikimedia hackathon]] 22–23 May. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 17:08, 10 maj 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21428676 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/20|Tech News: 2021-20]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/20|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a new toolbar in [[mw:Talk pages project/Replying|the Reply tool]]. It works in the wikitext source mode. You can enable it in [[Special:Preferences#mw-htmlform-discussion|your preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T276608] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/Replying#13_May_2021] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/New_discussion#13_May_2021] * Wikimedia [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo mailing lists] are being moved to [[:w:en:GNU Mailman|Mailman 3]]. This is a newer version. For the [[:w:en:Character encoding|character encoding]] to work it will change from <code>[[:w:en:UTF-8|UTF-8]]</code> to <code>utf8mb3</code>. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IEYQ2HS3LZF2P3DAYMNZYQDGHWPVMTPY/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T282621] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] An [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/14|earlier issue]] of Tech News said that the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|citoid]] [[:w:en:API|API]] would handle dates with a month but no days in a new way. This has been reverted for now. There needs to be more discussion of how it affects different wikis first. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T132308] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] <code>MediaWiki:Pageimages-blacklist</code> will be renamed <code>MediaWiki:Pageimages-denylist</code>. The list can be copied to the new name. It will happen on 19 May for some wikis and 20 May for some wikis. Most wikis don't use it. It lists images that should never be used as thumbnails for articles. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T282626] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 15:47, 17 maj 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21464279 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/21|Tech News: 2021-21]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/21|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The Wikimedia movement has been using [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/IRC|IRC]] on a network called [[:w:en:Freenode|Freenode]]. There have been changes around who is in control of the network. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IRC/Group_Contacts|Wikimedia IRC Group Contacts]] have [[m:Special:Diff/21476411|decided]] to move to the new [[:w:en:Libera Chat|Libera Chat]] network instead. This is not a formal decision for the movement to move all channels but most Wikimedia IRC channels will probably leave Freenode. There is a [[:m:IRC/Migrating_to_Libera_Chat|migration guide]] and ongoing Wikimedia [[m:Wikimedia Forum#Freenode (IRC)|discussions about this]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-05-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 19:04, 24 maj 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21477606 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/22|Tech News: 2021-22]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/22|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * There was an issue on the Vector skin with the text size of categories and notices under the page title. It was fixed last Monday. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T283206] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/22|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 19:04, 31 maj 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21516076 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/23|Tech News: 2021-23]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/23|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-08|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-09|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-10|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The Wikimedia movement uses [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] for technical tasks. This is where we collect technical suggestions, bugs and what developers are working on. The company behind Phabricator will stop working on it. This will not change anything for the Wikimedia movement now. It could lead to changes in the future. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/YAXOD46INJLAODYYIJUVQWOZFIV54VUI/][https://admin.phacility.com/phame/post/view/11/phacility_is_winding_down_operations/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T283980] * Searching on Wikipedia will find more results in some languages. This is mainly true for when those who search do not use the correct [[:w:en:Diacritic|diacritics]] because they are not seen as necessary in that language. For example searching for <code>Bedusz</code> doesn't find <code>Będusz</code> on German Wikipedia. The character <code>ę</code> isn't used in German so many would write <code>e</code> instead. This will work better in the future in some languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219550] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[:w:en:Cross-site request forgery|CSRF token parameters]] in the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Main page|action API]] were changed in 2014. The old parameters from before 2014 will stop working soon. This can affect bots, gadgets and user scripts that still use the old parameters. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IMP43BNCI32C524O5YCUWMQYP4WVBQ2B/][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280806] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 22:01, 7 juni 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21551759 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/24|Tech News: 2021-24]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/24|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Logged-in users on the mobile web can choose to use the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|advanced mobile mode]]. They now see categories in a similar way as users on desktop do. This means that some gadgets that have just been for desktop users could work for users of the mobile site too. If your wiki has such gadgets you could decide to turn them on for the mobile site too. Some gadgets probably need to be fixed to look good on mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284763] * Language links on Wikidata now works for [[:oldwikisource:Main Page|multilingual Wikisource]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275958] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * In the future we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|can't show the IP]] of unregistered editors to everyone. This is because privacy regulations and norms have changed. There is now a rough draft of how [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#Updates|showing the IP to those who need to see it]] could work. * German Wikipedia, English Wikivoyage and 29 smaller wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on 22 June. This is planned between 5:00 and 5:30 UTC. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284530] * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes in the week of 28 June. More information will be published in Tech News later. It will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281515][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281209] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 22:25, 14 juni 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21587625 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/25|Tech News: 2021-25]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/25|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The <code>otrs-member</code> group name is now <code>vrt-permissions</code>. This could affect abuse filters. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280615] '''Problems''' * You will be able to read but not edit German Wikipedia, English Wikivoyage and 29 smaller wikis for a few minutes on 22 June. This is planned between [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210623T0500 5:00 and 5:30 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284530] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-22|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-23|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-24|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 17:47, 21 juni 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21593987 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/26|Tech News: 2021-26]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/26|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|Growth features]] now can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure Growth features directly on their wiki]]. This uses the new special page <code>Special:EditGrowthConfig</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285423] * Wikisources have a new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech/OCR Improvements|OCR tool]]. If you don't want to see the "extract text" button on Wikisource you can add <code>.ext-wikisource-ExtractTextWidget { display: none; }</code> to your [[Special:MyPage/common.css|common.css page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285311] '''Problems''' *You will be able to read but not edit the Wikimedia wikis for a few minutes on 29 June. This is planned at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210629T1400 14:00 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281515][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T281209] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-29|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-06-30|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * <code>Threshold for stub link formatting</code>, <code>thumbnail size</code> and <code>auto-number headings</code> can be set in preferences. They are expensive to maintain and few editors use them. The developers are planning to remove them. Removing them will make pages load faster. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/User:SKim (WMF)/Performance Dependent User Preferences|read more and give feedback]]. * A toolbar will be added to the [[mw:Talk pages project/Replying|Reply tool]]'s wikitext source mode. This will make it easier to link to pages and to ping other users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T276609][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk_pages_project/Replying#Status_updates] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/26|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 18:30, 28 juni 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21653312 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/27|Tech News: 2021-27]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/27|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 19 July. '''Recent changes''' * [[:wikidata:Q4063270|AutoWikiBrowser]] is a tool to make repetitive tasks easier. It now uses [[:w:en:JSON|JSON]]. <code>Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/CheckPage</code> has moved to <code>Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/CheckPageJSON</code> and <code>Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/Config</code>. <code>Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/CheckPage/Version</code> has moved to <code>Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/CheckPage/VersionJSON</code>. The tool will eventually be configured on the wiki so that you don't have to wait until the new version to add templates or regular expression fixes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T241196] '''Problems''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] helps saving online sources on some wikis. It adds them to [[:w:en:Wayback Machine|Wayback Machine]] and links to them there. This is so they don't disappear if the page that was linked to is removed. It currently has a problem with linking to the wrong date when it moves pages from <code>archive.is</code> to <code>web.archive.org</code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T283432] '''Changes later this week''' * The tool to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|find, add and remove templates]] will be updated. This is to make it easier to find and use the right templates. It will come to the first wikis on 7 July. It will come to more wikis later this year. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Removing_a_template_from_a_page_using_the_VisualEditor][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284553] * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * Some Wikimedia wikis use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]] or pending changes. It hides edits from new and unregistered accounts for readers until they have been patrolled. The auto review action in Flagged Revisions will no longer be logged. All old logs of auto-review will be removed. This is because it creates a lot of logs that are not very useful. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285608] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 19:31, 5 juli 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21694636 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/29|Tech News: 2021-29]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/29|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The tool to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|find, add and remove templates]] was updated. This is to make it easier to find and use the right templates. It was supposed to come to the first wikis on 7 July. It was delayed to 12 July instead. It will come to more wikis later this year. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Removing_a_template_from_a_page_using_the_VisualEditor][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284553] * [[Special:UnconnectedPages|Special:UnconnectedPages]] lists pages that are not connected to Wikidata. This helps you find pages that can be connected to Wikidata items. Some pages should not be connected to Wikidata. You can use the magic word <code><nowiki>__EXPECTED_UNCONNECTED_PAGE__</nowiki></code> on pages that should not be listed on the special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T97577] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-20|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-21|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-22|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] How media is structured in the [[:w:en:Parsing|parser's]] HTML output will soon change. This can affect bots, gadgets, user scripts and extensions. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/L2UQJRHTFK5YG3IOZEC7JSLH2ZQNZRVU/ read more]. You can test it on [[:testwiki:Main Page|Testwiki]] or [[:test2wiki:Main Page|Testwiki 2]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The parameters for how you obtain [[mw:API:Tokens|tokens]] in the MediaWiki API were changed in 2014. The old way will no longer work from 1 September. Scripts, bots and tools that use the parameters from before the 2014 change need to be updated. You can [[phab:T280806#7215377|read more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/29|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 17:29, 19 juli 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21755027 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/30|Tech News: 2021-30]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/30|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * A [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki came to the Wikimedia wikis the week before last week. This was not in Tech News because there was no newsletter that week. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-07-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * If you use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MonoBook|Monobook skin]] you can choose to switch off [[:w:en:Responsive web design|responsive design]] on mobile. This will now work for more skins. If <code>{{int:monobook-responsive-label}}</code> is unticked you need to also untick the new [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|preference]] <code>{{int:prefs-skin-responsive}}</code>. Otherwise it will stop working. Interface admins can automate this process on your wiki. You can [[phab:T285991|read more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/30|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 23:09, 26 juli 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21771634 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/31|Tech News: 2021-31]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/31|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] If your wiki uses markup like <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><div class="mw-content-ltr"></nowiki></code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><div class="mw-content-rtl"></nowiki></code></bdi> without the required <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>dir</code></bdi> attribute, then these will no longer work in 2 weeks. There is a short-term fix that can be added to your local wiki's Common.css page, which is explained at [[phab:T287701|T287701]]. From now on, all usages should include the full attributes, for example: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><div class="mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr" lang="en"></nowiki></code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><div class="mw-content-rtl" dir="rtl" lang="he"></nowiki></code></bdi>. This also applies to some other HTML tags, such as <code>span</code> or <code>code</code>. You can find existing examples on your wiki that need to be updated, using the instructions at [[phab:T287701|T287701]]. * Reminder: Wikimedia has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IRC/Migrating to Libera Chat|migrated to the Libera Chat IRC network]], from the old Freenode network. Local documentation should be updated. '''Problems''' * Last week, all wikis had slow access or no access for 30 minutes. There was a problem with generating dynamic lists of articles on the Russian Wikinews, due to the bulk import of 200,000+ new articles over 3 days, which led to database problems. The problematic feature has been disabled on that wiki and developers are discussing if it can be fixed properly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287380][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/2021-07-26_ruwikinews_DynamicPageList] '''Changes later this week''' * When adding links to a page using [[mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] or the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Disambiguator|disambiguation pages]] will now only appear at the bottom of search results. This is because users do not often want to link to disambiguation pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285510] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-03|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-04|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-05|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android|team of the Wikipedia app for Android]] is working on communication in the app. The developers are working on how to talk to other editors and get notifications. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Communication|read more]]. They are looking for users who want to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Communication/UsertestingJuly2021|test the plans]]. Any editor who has an Android phone and is willing to download the app can do this. * The [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] for {{int:discussiontools-preference-label}} will be updated in the coming weeks. You will be able to [[mw:Talk pages project/Notifications|subscribe to individual sections]] on a talk page at more wikis. You can test this now by adding <code>?dtenable=1</code> to the end of the talk page's URL ([https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Meta_talk:Sandbox?dtenable=1 example]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/31|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 22:44, 2 august 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21818289 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/32|Tech News: 2021-32]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/32|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * You can read but not edit 17 wikis for a few minutes on 10 August. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1628571650 05:00 UTC]. This is because of work on the database. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287449] '''Changes later this week''' * The [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2021:Hackathon|Wikimania Hackathon]] will take place remotely on 13 August, starting at 5:00 UTC, for 24 hours. You can participate in many ways. You can still propose projects and sessions. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-10|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-11|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-12|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The old CSS <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><div class="visualClear"></div></nowiki></code></bdi> will not be supported after 12 August. Instead, templates and pages should use <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><div style="clear:both;"></div></nowiki></code></bdi>. Please help to replace any existing uses on your wiki. There are global-search links available at [[phab:T287962|T287962]]. '''Future changes''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is a place for Wikipedia editors to get access to sources. There is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TheWikipediaLibrary|extension]] which has a new function to tell users when they can take part in it. It will use notifications. It will start pinging the first users in September. It will ping more users later. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288070] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] [[w:en:Vue.js|Vue.js]] will be the [[w:en:JavaScript|JavaScript]] framework for MediaWiki in the future. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SOZREBYR36PUNFZXMIUBVAIOQI4N7PDU/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/32|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 18:18, 9 august 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21856726 --> : U bswiki je ''visualClear'' samo tu u ''Tech News''. ✍️ [[Korisnik:Dušan Kreheľ|Dušan Kreheľ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Dušan Kreheľ|razgovor]]) 15:49, 10 august 2021 (CEST) == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/33|Tech News: 2021-33]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/33|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can add language links in the sidebar in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|new Vector skin]] again. You do this by connecting the page to a Wikidata item. The new Vector skin has moved the language links but the new language selector cannot add language links yet. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287206] '''Problems''' * There was a problem on wikis which use the Translate extension. Translations were not updated or were replaced with the English text. The problems have been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288700][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288683][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288719] '''Changes later this week''' * A [[mw:Help:Tags|revision tag]] will soon be added to edits that add links to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Disambiguator|disambiguation pages]]. This is because these links are usually added by accident. The tag will allow editors to easily find the broken links and fix them. If your wiki does not like this feature, it can be [[mw:Help:Tags#Deleting a tag added by the software|hidden]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287549] *Would you like to help improve the information about tools? Would you like to attend or help organize a small virtual meetup for your community to discuss the list of tools? Please get in touch on the [[m:Toolhub/The Quality Signal Sessions|Toolhub Quality Signal Sessions]] talk page. We are also looking for feedback [[m:Talk:Toolhub/The Quality Signal Sessions#Discussion topic for "Quality Signal Sessions: The Tool Maintainers edition"|from tool maintainers]] on some specific questions. * In the past, edits to any page in your user talk space ignored your [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications#mute|mute list]], e.g. sub-pages. Starting this week, this is only true for edits to your talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288112] * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/33|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 21:25, 16 august 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21889213 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/34|Tech News: 2021-34]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/34|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Score|Score]] extension (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><score></nowiki></code></bdi> notation) has been re-enabled on public wikis and upgraded to a newer version. Some musical score functionality may no longer work because the extension is only enabled in "safe mode". The security issue has been fixed and an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Score/2021 security advisory|advisory published]]. '''Problems''' * You will be able to read but not edit [[phab:T289130|some wikis]] for a few minutes on {{#time:j xg|2021-08-25|en}}. This will happen around [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1629871217 06:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance. During this time, operations on the CentralAuth will also not be possible. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/34|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 23:56, 23 august 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21923254 --> == Read-only reminder == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="MassMessage"/> A maintenance operation will be performed on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1629871231 {{#time: l F d H:i e|2021-08-25T06:00|en}}]. It should only last for a few minutes. Also during this time, operations on the CentralAuth will not be possible (GlobalRenames, changing/confirming e-mail addresses, logging into new wikis, password changes). For more details about the operation and on all impacted services, please check [[phab:T289130|on Phabricator]]. A banner will be displayed 30 minutes before the operation. Please help your community to be aware of this maintenance operation. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}<section end="MassMessage"/> </div> 22:33, 24 august 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21927201 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/35|Tech News: 2021-35]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/35|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Some musical score syntax no longer works and may needed to be updated, you can check [[:Category:{{MediaWiki:score-error-category}}]] on your wiki for a list of pages with errors. '''Problems''' * Musical scores were unable to render lyrics in some languages because of missing fonts. This has been fixed now. If your language would prefer a different font, please file a request in Phabricator. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T289554] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The parameters for how you obtain [[mw:API:Tokens|tokens]] in the MediaWiki API were changed in 2014. The old way will no longer work from 1 September. Scripts, bots and tools that use the parameters from before the 2014 change need to be updated. You can [[phab:T280806#7215377|read more]] about this. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-08-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * You will be able to read but not edit [[phab:T289660|Commons]] for a few minutes on {{#time:j xg|2021-09-06|en}}. This will happen around [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1630818058 05:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance. * All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes in the week of 13 September. More information will be published in Tech News later. It will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287539] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/35|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 17:59, 30 august 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21954810 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/36|Tech News: 2021-36]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/36|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The wikis that have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] deployed have been part of A/B testing since deployment, in which some newcomers did not receive the new features. Now, all of the newcomers on 21 of the smallest of those wikis will be receiving the features. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T289786] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] In 2017, the provided jQuery library was upgraded from version 1 to 3, with a compatibility layer. The migration will soon finish, to make the site load faster for everyone. If you maintain a gadget or user script, check if you have any JQMIGRATE errors and fix them, or they will break. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280944][https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/6Z2BVLOBBEC2QP4VV4KOOVQVE52P3HOP/] * Last year, the Portuguese Wikipedia community embarked on an experiment to make log-in compulsory for editing.  The [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Impact report for Login Required Experiment on Portuguese Wikipedia|impact report of this trial]] is ready. Moving forward, the Anti-Harassment Tools team is looking for projects that are willing to experiment with restricting IP editing on their wiki for a short-term experiment. [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/Login Required Experiment|Learn more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/36|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 17:18, 6 septembar 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=21981010 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/37|Tech News: 2021-37]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/37|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * 45 new Wikipedias now have access to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth features]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T289680] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Deployment table|A majority of Wikipedias]] now have access to the Growth features. The Growth team [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/FAQ|has published an FAQ page]] about the features. This translatable FAQ covers the description of the features, how to use them, how to change the configuration, and more. '''Problems''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on 14 September. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1631628002 14:00 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287539] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.37/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Starting this week, Wikipedia in Italian will receive weekly software updates on Wednesdays. It used to receive the updates on Thursdays. Due to this change, bugs will be noticed and fixed sooner. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286664] * You can add language links in the sidebar in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|the new Vector skin]] again. You do this by connecting the page to a Wikidata item. The new Vector skin has moved the language links but the new language selector cannot add language links yet. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287206] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|syntax highlight]] tool marks up code with different colours. It now can highlight 23 new code languages. Additionally, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>golang</code></bdi> can now be used as an alias for the [[d:Q37227|Go programming language]], and a special <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>output</code></bdi> mode has been added to show a program's output. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280117][https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/SyntaxHighlight_GeSHi/+/715277/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/37|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 17:31, 13 septembar 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22009517 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/38|Tech News: 2021-38]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/38|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Growth features are now deployed to almost all Wikipedias. [[phab:T290582|For the majority of small Wikipedias]], the features are only available for experienced users, to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/FAQ#enable|test the features]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/FAQ#config|configure them]]. Features will be available for newcomers starting on 20 September 2021. * MediaWiki had a feature that would highlight local links to short articles in a different style. Each user could pick the size at which "stubs" would be highlighted. This feature was very bad for performance, and following a consultation, has been removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284917] * A technical change was made to the MonoBook skin to allow for easier maintenance and upkeep. This has resulted in some minor changes to HTML that make MonoBook's HTML consistent with other skins. Efforts have been made to minimize the impact on editors, but please ping [[m:User:Jon (WMF)|Jon (WMF)]] on wiki or in [[phab:T290888|phabricator]] if any problems are reported. '''Problems''' * There was a problem with search last week. Many search requests did not work for 2 hours because of an accidental restart of the search servers. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/2021-09-13_cirrussearch_restart] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[s:Special:ApiHelp/query+proofreadinfo|meta=proofreadpage API]] has changed. The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>piprop</nowiki></code></bdi> parameter has been renamed to <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>prpiprop</nowiki></code></bdi>. API users should update their code to avoid unrecognized parameter warnings. Pywikibot users should upgrade to 6.6.0. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290585] '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Replying|Reply tool]] will be deployed to the remaining wikis in the coming weeks. It is currently part of "{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}" in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta features]] at most wikis. You will be able to turn it off in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|Editing Preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262331] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki_1.37/Deprecation_of_legacy_API_token_parameters|previously announced]] change to how you obtain tokens from the API has been delayed to September 21 because of an incompatibility with Pywikibot. Bot operators using Pywikibot can follow [[phab:T291202|T291202]] for progress on a fix, and should plan to upgrade to 6.6.1 when it is released. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/38|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 20:29, 20 septembar 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22043415 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/39|Tech News: 2021-39]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W39"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/39|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[w:en:IOS|iOS 15]] has a new function called [https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212614 Private Relay] (Apple website). This can hide the user's IP when they use [[w:en:Safari (software)|Safari]] browser. This is like using a [[w:en:Virtual private network|VPN]] in that we see another IP address instead. It is opt-in and only for those who pay extra for [[w:en:ICloud|iCloud]]. It will come to Safari users on [[:w:en:OSX|OSX]] later. There is a [[phab:T289795|technical discussion]] about what this means for the Wikimedia wikis. '''Problems''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some gadgets and user-scripts add items to the [[m:Customization:Explaining_skins#Portlets|portlets]] (article tools) part of the skin. A recent change to the HTML may have made those links a different font-size. This can be fixed by adding the CSS class <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>.vector-menu-dropdown-noicon</code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291438] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-09-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Onboarding_new_Wikipedians#New_experience|GettingStarted extension]] was built in 2013, and provides an onboarding process for new account holders in a few versions of Wikipedia. However, the recently developed [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] provide a better onboarding experience. Since the vast majority of Wikipedias now have access to the Growth features, GettingStarted will be deactivated starting on 4 October. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T235752] * A small number of users will not be able to connect to the Wikimedia wikis after 30 September. This is because an old [[:w:en:root certificate|root certificate]] will no longer work. They will also have problems with many other websites. Users who have updated their software in the last five years are unlikely to have problems. Users in Europe, Africa and Asia are less likely to have immediate problems even if their software is too old. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/HTTPS/2021 Let's Encrypt root expiry|read more]]. * You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Notifications|receive notifications]] when someone leaves a comment on user talk page or mentions you in a talk page comment. Clicking the notification link will now bring you to the comment and highlight it. Previously, doing so brought you to the top of the section that contained the comment. You can find [[phab:T282029|more information in T282029.]] '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Replying|Reply tool]] will be deployed to the remaining wikis in the coming weeks. It is currently part of "{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}" in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta features]] at most wikis. You will be able to turn it off in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|Editing Preferences]]. [[phab:T288485|See the list of wikis.]] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262331] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/39|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W39"/> </div> 00:20, 28 septembar 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22077885 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/40|Tech News: 2021-40]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="tech-newsletter-content"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/40|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * A more efficient way of sending changes from Wikidata to Wikimedia wikis that show them has been enabled for the following 10 wikis: mediawiki.org, the Italian, Catalan, Hebrew and Vietnamese Wikipedias, French Wikisource, and English Wikivoygage, Wikibooks, Wiktionary and Wikinews. If you notice anything strange about how changes from Wikidata appear in recent changes or your watchlist on those wikis you can [[phab:T48643|let the developers know]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Some gadgets and bots that use the API to read the AbuseFilter log might break. The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>hidden</code></bdi> property will no longer say an entry is <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>implicit</code></bdi> for unsuppressed log entries about suppressed edits. If your bot needs to know this, do a separate revision query. Additionally, the property will have the value <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>false</code></bdi> for visible entries; previously, it wasn't included in the response. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291718] * A more efficient way of sending changes from Wikidata to Wikimedia wikis that show them will be enabled for ''all production wikis''. If you notice anything strange about how changes from Wikidata appear in recent changes or your watchlist you can [[phab:T48643|let the developers know]]. '''Future changes''' * You can soon get cross-wiki notifications in the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS|iOS Wikipedia app]]. You can also get notifications as push notifications. More notification updates will follow in later versions. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Notifications#September_2021_update] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The JavaScript variables <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>wgExtraSignatureNamespaces</code></bdi>, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>wgLegalTitleChars</code></bdi>, and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>wgIllegalFileChars</code></bdi> will soon be removed from <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Interface/JavaScript#mw.config|mw.config]]</code></bdi>. These are not part of the "stable" variables available for use in wiki JavaScript. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T292011] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The JavaScript variables <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>wgCookiePrefix</code></bdi>, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>wgCookieDomain</code></bdi>, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>wgCookiePath</code></bdi>, and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>wgCookieExpiration</code></bdi> will soon be removed from mw.config. Scripts should instead use <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mw.cookie</code></bdi> from the "<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr">[[mw:ResourceLoader/Core_modules#mediawiki.cookie|mediawiki.cookie]]</bdi>" module. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291760] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/40|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="tech-newsletter-content"/> </div> 18:27, 4 oktobar 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22101208 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/41|Tech News: 2021-41]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W41"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/41|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The [[mw:Manual:Table_of_contents#Auto-numbering|"auto-number headings" preference]] is being removed. You can read [[phab:T284921]] for the reasons and discussion. This change was [[m:Tech/News/2021/26|previously]] announced. [[mw:Snippets/Auto-number_headings|A JavaScript snippet]] is available which can be used to create a Gadget on wikis that still want to support auto-numbering. '''Meetings''' * You can join a meeting about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Desktop Improvements]]. A demonstration version of the [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Sticky Header|newest feature]] will be shown. The event will take place on Tuesday, 12 October at 16:00 UTC. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web/12-10-2021|See how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/41|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W41"/> </div> 17:28, 11 oktobar 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22152137 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/42|Tech News: 2021-42]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W42"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/42|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' *[[m:Toolhub|Toolhub]] is a catalogue to make it easier to find software tools that can be used for working on the Wikimedia projects. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LF4SSR4QRCKV6NPRFGUAQWUFQISVIPTS/ read more]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The developers of the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android|Wikipedia Android app]] are working on [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Communication|communication in the app]]. You can now answer questions in [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Communication/UsertestingOctober2021|survey]] to help the development. * 3–5% of editors may be blocked in the next few months. This is because of a new service in Safari, which is similar to a [[w:en:Proxy server|proxy]] or a [[w:en:VPN|VPN]]. It is called iCloud Private Relay. There is a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|discussion about this]] on Meta. The goal is to learn what iCloud Private Relay could mean for the communities. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] is a new [[w:en:API|API]] for those who use a lot of information from the Wikimedia projects on other sites. It is a way to get big commercial users to pay for the data. There will soon be a copy of the Wikimedia Enterprise dataset. You can [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-ambassadors@lists.wikimedia.org/message/B2AX6PWH5MBKB4L63NFZY3ADBQG7MSBA/ read more]. You can also ask the team questions [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/88994018553 on Zoom] on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=15&min=00&sec=0&day=22&month=10&year=2021 22 October 15:00 UTC]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/42|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W42"/> </div> 22:52, 18 oktobar 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22176877 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/43|Tech News: 2021-43]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W43"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/43|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest_Tool_Award|Coolest Tool Award 2021]] is looking for nominations. You can recommend tools until 27 October. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-10-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' *[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Diff|Diff pages]] will have an improved copy and pasting experience. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Copy paste diffs|The changes]] will allow the text in the diff for before and after to be treated as separate columns and will remove any unwanted syntax. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T192526] * The version of the [[w:en:Liberation fonts|Liberation fonts]] used in SVG files will be upgraded. Only new thumbnails will be affected. Liberation Sans Narrow will not change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253600] '''Meetings''' * You can join a meeting about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]. News about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages|disambiguation]] and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|real-time preview]] wishes will be shown. The event will take place on Wednesday, 27 October at 14:30 UTC. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/Talk to Us|See how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/43|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W43"/> </div> 22:06, 25 oktobar 2021 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22232718 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/44|Tech News: 2021-44]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W44"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/44|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a limit on the amount of emails a user can send each day. This limit is now global instead of per-wiki. This change is to prevent abuse. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T293866] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/44|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W44"/> </div> 21:26, 1 novembar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22269406 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/45|Tech News: 2021-45]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W45"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/45|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Mobile IP editors are now able to receive warning notices indicating they have a talk page message on the mobile website (similar to the orange banners available on desktop). These notices will be displayed on every page outside of the main namespace and every time the user attempts to edit. The notice on desktop now has a slightly different colour. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284642][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T278105] '''Changes later this week''' * [[phab:T294321|Wikidata will be read-only]] for a few minutes on 11 November. This will happen around [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1636610400 06:00 UTC]. This is for database maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T294321] * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''Future changes''' * In the future, unregistered editors will be given an identity that is not their [[:w:en:IP address|IP address]]. This is for legal reasons. A new user right will let editors who need to know the IPs of unregistered accounts to fight vandalism, spam, and harassment, see the IP. You can read the [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#IP Masking Implementation Approaches (FAQ)|suggestions for how that identity could work]] and [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|discuss on the talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/45|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W45"/> </div> 21:34, 8 novembar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22311003 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/46|Tech News: 2021-46]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W46"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/46|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Most [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Maximum_file_size#MAXTHUMB|large file uploads]] errors that had messages like "<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>stashfailed</code></bdi>" or "<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>DBQueryError</code></bdi>" have now been fixed. An [[wikitech:Incident documentation/2021-11-04 large file upload timeouts|incident report]] is available. '''Problems''' * Sometimes, edits made on iOS using the visual editor save groups of numbers as telephone number links, because of a feature in the operating system. This problem is under investigation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116525] * There was a problem with search last week. Many search requests did not work for 2 hours because of a configuration error. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/2021-11-10_cirrussearch_commonsfile_outage] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/46|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W46"/> </div> 23:05, 15 novembar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22338097 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/47|Tech News: 2021-47]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W47"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/47|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. *The template dialog in VisualEditor and in the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|new wikitext mode]] Beta feature will be [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|heavily improved]] on [[phab:T286992|a few wikis]]. Your [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|feedback is welcome]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/47|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W47"/> </div> 21:00, 22 novembar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22366010 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/48|Tech News: 2021-48]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W48"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/48|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-11-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/48|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W48"/> </div> 22:13, 29 novembar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22375666 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/49|Tech News: 2021-49]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W49"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/49|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * MediaWiki 1.38-wmf.11 was scheduled to be deployed on some wikis last week. The deployment was delayed because of unexpected problems. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). * At all Wikipedias, a Mentor Dashboard is now available at <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>Special:MentorDashboard</nowiki></code></bdi>. It allows registered mentors, who take care of newcomers' first steps, to monitor their assigned newcomers' activity. It is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth features]]. You can learn more about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Communities/How_to_configure_the_mentors%27_list|activating the mentor list]] on your wiki and about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Mentor dashboard|the mentor dashboard project]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The predecessor to the current [[mw:API|MediaWiki Action API]] (which was created in 2008), <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=ajax</nowiki></code></bdi>, will be removed this week. Any scripts or bots using it will need to switch to the corresponding API module. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T42786] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] An old ResourceLoader module, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>jquery.jStorage</nowiki></code></bdi>, which was deprecated in 2016, will be removed this week. Any scripts or bots using it will need to switch to <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mediawiki.storage</nowiki></code></bdi> instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T143034] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/49|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W49"/> </div> 22:57, 6 decembar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22413926 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/50|Tech News: 2021-50]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W50"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/50|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There are now default [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespace#Other_namespace_aliases|short aliases]] for the "Project:" namespace on most wikis. E.g. On Wikibooks wikis, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>[[WB:]]</nowiki></code></bdi> will go to the local language default for the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>[[Project:]]</nowiki></code></bdi> namespace. This change is intended to help the smaller communities have easy access to this feature. Additional local aliases can still be requested via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|the usual process]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T293839] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2021-12-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/50|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W50"/> </div> 23:25, 13 decembar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22441074 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/51|Tech News: 2021-51]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2021-W51"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/51|Translations]] are available. '''Tech News''' * Because of the [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|holidays]] the next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 10 January 2022. '''Recent changes''' * Queries made by the DynamicPageList extension (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><DynamicPageList></nowiki></code></bdi>) are now only allowed to run for 10 seconds and error if they take longer. This is in response to multiple outages where long-running queries caused an outage on all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287380#7575719] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week or next week. '''Future changes''' * The developers of the Wikipedia iOS app are looking for testers who edit in multiple languages. You can [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/202112 testing|read more and let them know if you are interested]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The Wikimedia [[wikitech:Portal:Cloud VPS|Cloud VPS]] hosts technical projects for the Wikimedia movement. Developers need to [[wikitech:News/Cloud VPS 2021 Purge|claim projects]] they use. This is because old and unused projects are removed once a year. Unclaimed projects can be shut down from February. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/2B7KYL5VLQNHGQQHMYLW7KTUKXKAYY3T/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/51|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2021-W51"/> </div> 23:04, 20 decembar 2021 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22465395 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/02|Tech News: 2022-02]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W02"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/02|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] A <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>oauth_consumer</code></bdi> variable has been added to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] to enable identifying changes made by specific tools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298281] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Gadgets are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Migration_guide_(users)#Package_Gadgets|now able to directly include JSON pages]]. This means some gadgets can now be configured by administrators without needing the interface administrator permission, such as with the Geonotice gadget. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T198758] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Gadgets [[mw:Extension:Gadgets#Options|can now specify page actions]] on which they are available. For example, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>|actions=edit,history</code></bdi> will load a gadget only while editing and on history pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T63007] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] Gadgets can now be loaded on demand with the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>withgadget</code></bdi> URL parameter. This can be used to replace [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Snippets/Load JS and CSS by URL|an earlier snippet]] that typically looks like <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>withJS</code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>withCSS</code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29766] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] At wikis where [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Communities/How to configure the mentors' list|the Mentorship system is configured]], you can now use the Action API to get a list of a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Mentor_dashboard|mentor's]] mentees. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291966] * The heading on the main page can now be configured using <span class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Mainpage-title-loggedin]]</span> for logged-in users and <span class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Mainpage-title]]</span> for logged-out users. Any CSS that was previously used to hide the heading should be removed. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Small_wiki_toolkits/Starter_kit/Main_page_customization#hide-heading] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298715] * Four special pages (and their API counterparts) now have a maximum database query execution time of 30 seconds. These special pages are: RecentChanges, Watchlist, Contributions, and Log. This change will help with site performance and stability. You can read [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IPJNO75HYAQWIGTHI5LJHTDVLVOC4LJP/ more details about this change] including some possible solutions if this affects your workflows. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T297708] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Sticky Header|sticky header]] has been deployed for 50% of logged-in users on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Frequently asked questions#pilot-wikis|more than 10 wikis]]. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Desktop Improvements]]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Participate|how to take part in the project]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Events''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022|Community Wishlist Survey 2022]] begins. All contributors to the Wikimedia projects can propose for tools and platform improvements. The proposal phase takes place from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-10|en}} 18:00 UTC to {{#time:j xg|2022-01-23|en}} 18:00 UTC. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey/FAQ|Learn more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/02|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W02"/> </div> 02:22, 11 januar 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22562156 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/03|Tech News: 2022-03]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W03"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/03|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * When using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor|WikiEditor]] (also known as the 2010 wikitext editor), people will now see a warning if they link to disambiguation pages. If you click "{{int:Disambiguator-review-link}}" in the warning, it will ask you to correct the link to a more specific term. You can [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages#Jan 12, 2021: Turning on the changes for all Wikis|read more information]] about this completed 2021 Community Wishlist item. * You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#subscribe|automatically subscribe to all of the talk page discussions]] that you start or comment in using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|DiscussionTools]]. You will receive [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications|notifications]] when another editor replies. This is available at most wikis. Go to your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|Preferences]] and turn on "{{int:discussiontools-preference-autotopicsub}}". [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263819] * When asked to create a new page or talk page section, input fields can be [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Creating_pages_with_preloaded_text|"preloaded" with some text]]. This feature is now limited to wikitext pages. This is so users can't be tricked into making malicious edits. There is a discussion about [[phab:T297725|if this feature should be re-enabled]] for some content types. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Events''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022|Community Wishlist Survey 2022]] continues. All contributors to the Wikimedia projects can propose for tools and platform improvements. The proposal phase takes place from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-10|en}} 18:00 UTC to {{#time:j xg|2022-01-23|en}} 18:00 UTC. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey/FAQ|Learn more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/03|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W03"/> </div> 20:53, 17 januar 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22620285 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/04|Tech News: 2022-04]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W04"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/04|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-01-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The following languages can now be used with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight|syntax highlighting]]: BDD, Elpi, LilyPond, Maxima, Rita, Savi, Sed, Sophia, Spice, .SRCINFO. * You can now access your watchlist from outside of the user menu in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|new Vector skin]]. The watchlist link appears next to the notification icons if you are at the top of the page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T289619] '''Events''' * You can see the results of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|Coolest Tool Award 2021]] and learn more about 14 tools which were selected this year. * You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey/Help_us|translate, promote]], or comment on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Proposals|the proposals]] in the Community Wishlist Survey. Voting will begin on {{#time:j xg|2022-01-28|en}}. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/04|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W04"/> </div> 22:36, 24 januar 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22644148 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/05|Tech News: 2022-05]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W05"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/05|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] If a gadget should support the new <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>?withgadget</code></bdi> URL parameter that was [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/02|announced]] 3 weeks ago, then it must now also specify <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>supportsUrlLoad</code></bdi> in the gadget definition ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#supportsUrlLoad|documentation]]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T29766] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-01|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-02|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-03|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * A change that was [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2021/16|announced]] last year was delayed. It is now ready to move ahead: ** The user group <code>oversight</code> will be renamed <code>suppress</code>. This is for [[phab:T109327|technical reasons]]. This is the technical name. It doesn't affect what you call the editors with this user right on your wiki. This is planned to happen in three weeks. You can comment [[phab:T112147|in Phabricator]] if you have objections. As usual, these labels can be translated on translatewiki ([[phab:T112147|direct links are available]]) or by administrators on your wiki. '''Events''' * You can vote on proposals in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022|Community Wishlist Survey]] between 28 January and 11 February. The survey decides what the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech team]] will work on. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/05|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W05"/> </div> 18:40, 31 januar 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22721804 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/06|Tech News: 2022-06]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W06"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/06|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * English Wikipedia recently set up a gadget for dark mode. You can enable it there, or request help from an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface administrator]] to set it up on your wiki ([[w:en:Wikipedia:Dark mode (gadget)|instructions and screenshot]]). * Category counts are sometimes wrong. They will now be completely recounted at the beginning of every month. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T299823] '''Problems''' * A code-change last week to fix a bug with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Live preview|Live Preview]] may have caused problems with some local gadgets and user-scripts. Any code with skin-specific behaviour for <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>vector</code></bdi> should be updated to also check for <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>vector-2022</code></bdi>. [[phab:T300987|A code-snippet, global search, and example are available]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-08|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-09|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-10|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/06|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W06"/> </div> 22:14, 7 februar 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22765948 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/07|Tech News: 2022-07]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W07"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/07|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Purge|Purging]] a category page with fewer than 5,000 members will now recount it completely. This will allow editors to fix incorrect counts when it is wrong. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T85696] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-15|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-16|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-17|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] extension, the <code dir=ltr>rmspecials()</code> function has been updated so that it does not remove the "space" character. Wikis are advised to wrap all the uses of <code dir=ltr>rmspecials()</code> with <code dir=ltr>rmwhitespace()</code> wherever necessary to keep filters' behavior unchanged. You can use the search function on [[Special:AbuseFilter]] to locate its usage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263024] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/07|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W07"/> </div> 20:17, 14 februar 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22821788 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/08|Tech News: 2022-08]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W08"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/08|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[Special:Nuke|Special:Nuke]] will now provide the standard deletion reasons (editable at <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[MediaWiki:Deletereason-dropdown]]</bdi>) to use when mass-deleting pages. This was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Admins and patrollers/Mass-delete to offer drop-down of standard reasons, or templated reasons.|a request in the 2022 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T25020] * At Wikipedias, all new accounts now get the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] by default when creating an account. Communities are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Account_creation|update their help resources]]. Previously, only 80% of new accounts would get the Growth features. A few Wikipedias remain unaffected by this change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301820] * You can now prevent specific images that are used in a page from appearing in other locations, such as within PagePreviews or Search results. This is done with the markup <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>class=notpageimage</nowiki></code></bdi>. For example, <code><nowiki>[[File:Example.png|class=notpageimage]]</nowiki></code>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301588] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There has been a change to the HTML of Special:Contributions, Special:MergeHistory, and History pages, to support the grouping of changes by date in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva_Neue|the mobile skin]]. While unlikely, this may affect gadgets and user scripts. A [[phab:T298638|list of all the HTML changes]] is on Phabricator. '''Events''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Results|Community Wishlist Survey results]] have been published. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/2022 results#leaderboard|ranking of prioritized proposals]] is also available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-22|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-23|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-02-24|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The software to play videos and audio files on pages will change soon on all wikis. The old player will be removed. Some audio players will become wider after this change. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VideoJS_Player|The new player]] has been a beta feature for over four years. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100106][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248418] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Toolforge's underlying operating system is being updated. If you maintain any tools there, there are two options for migrating your tools into the new system. There are [[wikitech:News/Toolforge Stretch deprecation|details, deadlines, and instructions]] on Wikitech. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EPJFISC52T7OOEFH5YYMZNL57O4VGSPR/] * Administrators will soon have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/(Un)delete associated talk page|the option to delete/undelete]] the associated "talk" page when they are deleting a given page. An API endpoint with this option will also be available. This was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Admins and patrollers/(Un)delete associated talk page|a request from the 2021 Wishlist Survey]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W08"/> </div> 20:10, 21 februar 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22847768 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/09|Tech News: 2022-09]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W09"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/09|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * When searching for edits by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tags|change tags]], e.g. in page history or user contributions, there is now a dropdown list of possible tags. This was [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Miscellaneous/Improve plain-text change tag selector|a request in the 2022 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T27909] * Mentors using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Mentor_dashboard|Growth Mentor dashboard]] will now see newcomers assigned to them who have made at least one edit, up to 200 edits. Previously, all newcomers assigned to the mentor were visible on the dashboard, even ones without any edit or ones who made hundred of edits. Mentors can still change these values using the filters on their dashboard. Also, the last choice of filters will now be saved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301268][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T294460] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The user group <code>oversight</code> was renamed <code>suppress</code>. This is for [[phab:T109327|technical reasons]]. You may need to update any local references to the old name, e.g. gadgets, links to Special:Listusers, or uses of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words|NUMBERINGROUP]]. '''Problems''' * The recent change to the HTML of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tracking changes|tracking changes]] pages caused some problems for screenreaders. This is being fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298638] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-01|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-02|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-03|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * Working with templates will become easier. [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Templates|Several improvements]] are planned for March 9 on most wikis and on March 16 on English Wikipedia. The improvements include: Bracket matching, syntax highlighting colors, finding and inserting templates, and related visual editor features. * If you are a template developer or an interface administrator, and you are intentionally overriding or using the default CSS styles of user feedback boxes (the classes: <code dir=ltr>successbox, messagebox, errorbox, warningbox</code>), please note that these classes and associated CSS will soon be removed from MediaWiki core. This is to prevent problems when the same class-names are also used on a wiki. Please let us know by commenting at [[phab:T300314]] if you think you might be affected. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W09"/> </div> 23:58, 28 februar 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22902593 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/10|Tech News: 2022-10]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W10"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/10|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * There was a problem with some interface labels last week. It will be fixed this week. This change was part of ongoing work to simplify the support for skins which do not have active maintainers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301203] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-08|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-09|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-10|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/10|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W10"/> </div> 22:14, 7 mart 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22958074 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/11|Tech News: 2022-11]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W11"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/11|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * In the Wikipedia Android app [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/Communication#Updates|it is now possible]] to change the toolbar at the bottom so the tools you use more often are easier to click on. The app now also has a focused reading mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296753][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T254771] '''Problems''' * There was a problem with the collection of some page-view data from June 2021 to January 2022 on all wikis. This means the statistics are incomplete. To help calculate which projects and regions were most affected, relevant datasets are being retained for 30 extra days. You can [[m:Talk:Data_retention_guidelines#Added_exception_for_page_views_investigation|read more on Meta-wiki]]. * There was a problem with the databases on March 10. All wikis were unreachable for logged-in users for 12 minutes. Logged-out users could read pages but could not edit or access uncached content then. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incident_documentation/2022-03-10_MediaWiki_availability] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-15|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-16|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-17|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.38/Roadmap|calendar]]). * When [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:System_message#Finding_messages_and_documentation|using <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>uselang=qqx</code></bdi> to find localisation messages]], it will now show all possible message keys for navigation tabs such as "{{int:vector-view-history}}". [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T300069] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Access to [[{{#special:RevisionDelete}}]] has been expanded to include users who have <code dir=ltr>deletelogentry</code> and <code dir=ltr>deletedhistory</code> rights through their group memberships. Before, only those with the <code dir=ltr>deleterevision</code> right could access this special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301928] * On the [[{{#special:Undelete}}]] pages for diffs and revisions, there will be a link back to the main Undelete page with the list of revisions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T284114] '''Future changes''' * The Wikimedia Foundation has announced the IP Masking implementation strategy and next steps. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation#feb25|announcement can be read here]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Android FAQ|Wikipedia Android app]] developers are working on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Communication|new functions]] for user talk pages and article talk pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T297617] '''Events''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon 2022|Wikimedia Hackathon 2022]] will take place as a hybrid event on 20-22 May 2022. The Hackathon will be held online and there are grants available to support local in-person meetups around the world. Grants can be requested until 20 March. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/11|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W11"/> </div> 23:06, 14 mart 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=22993074 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/12|Tech News: 2022-12]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W12"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/12|Translations]] are available. '''New code release schedule for this week''' * There will be four MediaWiki releases this week, instead of just one. This is an experiment which should lead to fewer problems and to faster feature updates. The releases will be on all wikis, at different times, on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Release Engineering Team/Trainsperiment week|read more about this project]]. '''Recent changes''' * You can now set how many search results to show by default in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-searchoptions|your Preferences]]. This was the 12th most popular wish in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Results|Community Wishlist Survey 2022]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T215716] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Jupyter notebooks tool [[wikitech:PAWS|PAWS]] has been updated to a new interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295043] '''Future changes''' * Interactive maps via [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] will soon work on wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevisions]] extension. [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Kartographer-Workflows-EN/ Please tell us] which improvements you want to see in Kartographer. You can take this survey in simple English. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/12|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W12"/> </div> 16:59, 21 mart 2022 (CET) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23034693 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/13|Tech News: 2022-13]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/13|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a simple new Wikimedia Commons upload tool available for macOS users, [[c:Commons:Sunflower|Sunflower]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-29|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-30|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-03-31|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of regular database maintenance. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-03-29|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s3.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-03-31|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist targeted wikis]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T301850][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T303798] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W13"/> </div> 21:53, 28 mart 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23073711 --> == [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/14|Tech News: 2022-14]] == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/14|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * For a few days last week, edits that were suggested to newcomers were not tagged in the [[{{#special:recentchanges}}]] feed. This bug has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304747] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-04-07|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s4.dblist targeted wikis]). '''Future changes''' * Starting next week, Tech News' title will be translatable. When the newsletter is distributed, its title may not be <code dir=ltr>Tech News: 2022-14</code> anymore. It may affect some filters that have been set up by some communities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302920] * Over the next few months, the "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]" Growth feature [[phab:T304110|will become available to more Wikipedias]]. Each week, a few wikis will get the feature. You can test this tool at [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth#deploymentstable|a few wikis where "Link recommendation" is already available]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W14"/> </div> 22:59, 4 april 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23097604 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-15</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/15|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * There is a new public status page at <span class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[https://www.wikimediastatus.net/ www.wikimediastatus.net]</span>. This site shows five automated high-level metrics where you can see the overall health and performance of our wikis' technical environment. It also contains manually-written updates for widespread incidents, which are written as quickly as the engineers are able to do so while also fixing the actual problem. The site is separated from our production infrastructure and hosted by an external service, so that it can be accessed even if the wikis are briefly unavailable. You can [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2022/03/31/announcing-www-wikimediastatus-net/ read more about this project]. * On Wiktionary wikis, the software to play videos and audio files on pages has now changed. The old player has been removed. Some audio players will become wider after this change. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VideoJS_Player|The new player]] has been a beta feature for over four years. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100106][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248418] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W15"/> </div> 21:42, 11 april 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23124108 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-16</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/16|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-04-19|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s7.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-04-21|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s8.dblist targeted wikis]). * Administrators will now have [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021/(Un)delete associated talk page|the option to delete/undelete the associated "Talk" page]] when they are deleting a given page. An API endpoint with this option is also available. This concludes the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Admins and patrollers/(Un)delete associated talk page|11th wish of the 2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]. * On [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop_Improvements#test-wikis|selected wikis]], 50% of logged-in users will see the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Table of contents|table of contents]]. When scrolling up and down the page, the table of contents will stay in the same place on the screen. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Desktop Improvements]] project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304169] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Message boxes produced by MediaWiki code will no longer have these CSS classes: <code dir=ltr>successbox</code>, <code dir=ltr>errorbox</code>, <code dir=ltr>warningbox</code>. The styles for those classes and <code dir=ltr>messagebox</code> will be removed from MediaWiki core. This only affects wikis that use these classes in wikitext, or change their appearance within site-wide CSS. Please review any local usage and definitions for these classes you may have. This was previously announced in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/09|28 February issue of Tech News]]. '''Future changes''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] will become compatible with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevisions page stabilization]]. Kartographer maps will also work on pages with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Pending changes|pending changes]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation#Project_descriptions] The Kartographer documentation has been thoroughly updated. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer/Getting_started] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/Maps] [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W16"/> </div> 01:10, 19 april 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23167004 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/17|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * On [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/dblists/group1.dblist many wikis] (group 1), the software to play videos and audio files on pages has now changed. The old player has been removed. Some audio players will become wider after this change. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VideoJS_Player|The new player]] has been a beta feature for over four years. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100106][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248418] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-04-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-04-26|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s2.dblist targeted wikis]). * Some very old browsers and operating systems are no longer supported. Some things on the wikis might look weird or not work in very old browsers like Internet Explorer 9 or 10, Android 4, or Firefox 38 or older. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306486] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W17"/> </div> 00:53, 26 april 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23187115 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/18|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * On [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/dblists/group2.dblist all remaining wikis] (group 2), the software to play videos and audio files on pages has now changed. The old player has been removed. Some audio players will become wider after this change. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VideoJS_Player|The new player]] has been a beta feature for over four years. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100106][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248418] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-03|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-04|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-05|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The developers are working on talk pages in the [[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS|Wikipedia app for iOS]]. You can [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_9GBcHczQGLbQWTY give feedback]. You can take the survey in English, German, Hebrew or Chinese. * [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/VisualEditor_template_dialog_improvements#Status_and_next_steps|Most wikis]] will receive an [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/VisualEditor_template_dialog_improvements|improved template dialog]] in VisualEditor and New Wikitext mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T296759] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306967] * If you use syntax highlighting while editing wikitext, you can soon activate a [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Improved_Color_Scheme_of_Syntax_Highlighting#Color-blind_mode|colorblind-friendly color scheme]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306867] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Several CSS IDs related to MediaWiki interface messages will be removed. Technical editors should please [[phab:T304363|review the list of IDs and links to their existing uses]]. These include <code dir=ltr>#mw-anon-edit-warning</code>, <code dir=ltr>#mw-undelete-revision</code> and 3 others. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W18"/> </div> 21:31, 2 maj 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23232924 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/19|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * You can now see categories in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android|Wikipedia app for Android]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73966] '''Problems''' * Last week, there was a problem with Wikidata's search autocomplete. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T307586] * Last week, all wikis had slow access or no access for 20 minutes, for logged-in users and non-cached pages. This was caused by a problem with a database change. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T307647] '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T305217#7894966] * [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Geoinformation#Current issues|Incompatibility issues]] with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] and the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] will be fixed: Deployment is planned for May 10 on all wikis. Kartographer will then be enabled on the [[phab:T307348|five wikis which have not yet enabled the extension]] on May 24. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector (2022)]] skin will be set as the default on several more wikis, including Arabic and Catalan Wikipedias. Logged-in users will be able to switch back to the old Vector (2010). See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/2022-04 for the largest wikis|latest update]] about Vector (2022). '''Future meetings''' * The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|open meeting with the Web team]] about Vector (2022) will take place on 17 May. The following meetings are currently planned for: 7 June, 21 June, 5 July, 19 July. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W19"/> </div> 17:20, 9 maj 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23256717 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-20</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/20|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * Some wikis can soon use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|add a link]] feature. This will start on Wednesday. The wikis are {{int:project-localized-name-cawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-simplewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-svwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}. This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304542] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2022|Wikimedia Hackathon 2022]] will take place online on May 20–22. It will be in English. There are also local [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2022/Meetups|hackathon meetups]] in Germany, Ghana, Greece, India, Nigeria and the United States. Technically interested Wikimedians can work on software projects and learn new skills. You can also host a session or post a project you want to work on. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.12|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-17|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-18|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-19|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * You can soon edit translatable pages in the visual editor. Translatable pages exist on for examples Meta and Commons. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2022/05/12/mediawiki-1-38-brings-support-for-editing-translatable-pages-with-the-visual-editor/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W20"/> </div> 20:56, 16 maj 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23291515 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-21</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/21|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Administrators using the mobile web interface can now access Special:Block directly from user pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T307341] * The <span class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[https://www.wiktionary.org/ www.wiktionary.org]</span> portal page now uses an automated update system. Other [[m:Project_portals|project portals]] will be updated over the next few months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304629] '''Problems''' * The Growth team maintains a mentorship program for newcomers. Previously, newcomers weren't able to opt out from the program. Starting May 19, 2022, newcomers are able to fully opt out from Growth mentorship, in case they do not wish to have any mentor at all. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287915] * Some editors cannot access the content translation tool if they load it by clicking from the contributions menu. This problem is being worked on. It should still work properly if accessed directly via Special:ContentTranslation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308802] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-24|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-25|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-26|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Gadget and user scripts developers are invited to give feedback on a [[mw:User:Jdlrobson/Extension:Gadget/Policy|proposed technical policy]] aiming to improve support from MediaWiki developers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308686] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W21"/> </div> 02:19, 24 maj 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23317250 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-22</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W22"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/22|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] extension, an <code dir=ltr>ip_in_ranges()</code> function has been introduced to check if an IP is in any of the ranges. Wikis are advised to combine multiple <code dir=ltr>ip_in_range()</code> expressions joined by <code>|</code> into a single expression for better performance. You can use the search function on [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]] to locate its usage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T305017] * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/IP Info feature|IP Info feature]] which helps abuse fighters access information about IPs, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/IP Info feature#May 24, 2022|has been deployed]] to all wikis as a beta feature. This comes after weeks of beta testing on test.wikipedia.org. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-05-31|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-05-31|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s5.dblist targeted wikis]). * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New topic tool|New Topic Tool]] will be deployed for all editors at most wikis soon. You will be able to opt out from within the tool and in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|Preferences]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/New_discussion][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287804] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|Advanced item]] The [[:mw:Special:ApiHelp/query+usercontribs|list=usercontribs API]] will support fetching contributions from an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Range blocks#Non-technical explanation|IP range]] soon. API users can set the <code>uciprange</code> parameter to get contributions from any IP range within [[:mw:Manual:$wgRangeContributionsCIDRLimit|the limit]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T177150] * A new parser function will be introduced: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>{{=}}</nowiki></code></bdi>. It will replace existing templates named "=". It will insert an [[w:en:Equals sign|equal sign]]. This can be used to escape the equal sign in the parameter values of templates. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T91154] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/22|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W22"/> </div> 22:27, 30 maj 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23340178 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-23</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W23"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/23|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] A new <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>str_replace_regexp()</code></bdi> function can be used in [[Special:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]] to replace parts of text using a [[w:en:Regular expression|regular expression]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285468] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W23"/> </div> 04:44, 7 juni 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23366979 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-24</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/24|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * All wikis can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps. Kartographer maps now also work on pages with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Pending changes|pending changes]]. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation#Project_descriptions][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T307348] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-06-14|en}} at 06:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s6.dblist targeted wikis]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T300471] * Starting on Wednesday, a new set of Wikipedias will get "[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]" ({{int:project-localized-name-abwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-acewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-adywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-afwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-akwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-alswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-amwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-anwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-angwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-arcwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-arzwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-astwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-atjwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-avwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-aywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-azbwiki/en}}). This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to more Wikipedias]]. The communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|configure how this feature works locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304548] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New topic tool|New Topic Tool]] will be deployed for all editors at Commons, Wikidata, and some other wikis soon. You will be able to opt out from within the tool and in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|Preferences]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/New_discussion][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287804] '''Future meetings''' * The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|open meeting with the Web team]] about Vector (2022) will take place today (13 June). The following meetings will take place on: 28 June, 12 July, 26 July. '''Future changes''' * By the end of July, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector 2022]] skin should be ready to become the default across all wikis. Discussions on how to adjust it to the communities' needs will begin in the next weeks. It will always be possible to revert to the previous version on an individual basis. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/2022-04 for the largest wikis|Learn more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W24"/> </div> 18:57, 13 juni 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23389956 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-25</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W25"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/25|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android|Wikipedia App for Android]] now has an option for editing the whole page at once, located in the overflow menu (three-dots menu [[File:Ic more vert 36px.svg|15px|link=|alt=]]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T103622] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Some recent database changes may affect queries using the [[m:Research:Quarry|Quarry tool]]. Queries for <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>site_stats</code></bdi> at English Wikipedia, Commons, and Wikidata will need to be updated. [[phab:T306589|Read more]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] A new <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>user_global_editcount</code></bdi> variable can be used in [[Special:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]] to avoid affecting globally active users. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T130439] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * Users of non-responsive skins (e.g. MonoBook or Vector) on mobile devices may notice a slight change in the default zoom level. This is intended to optimize zooming and ensure all interface elements are present on the page (for example the table of contents on Vector 2022). In the unlikely event this causes any problems with how you use the site, we'd love to understand better, please ping <span class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Jon (WMF)|Jon (WMF)]]</span> to any on-wiki conversations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306910] '''Future changes''' * The Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] will be updated throughout July. Discussions will look different. You can see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Prototype|some of the proposed changes]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Parsoid's HTML output will soon stop annotating file links with different <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>typeof</code></bdi> attribute values, and instead use <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mw:File</code></bdi> for all types. Tool authors should adjust any code that expects: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mw:Image</code></bdi>, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mw:Audio</code></bdi>, or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>mw:Video</code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273505] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W25"/> </div> 22:16, 20 juni 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23425855 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-26</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W26"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/26|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] API service now has self-service accounts with free on-demand requests and monthly snapshots ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/ API documentation]). Community access [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise/FAQ#community-access|via database dumps & Wikimedia Cloud Services]] continues. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wiktionary#lua|All Wikimedia wikis can now use Wikidata Lexemes in Lua]] after creating local modules and templates. Discussions are welcome [[d:Wikidata_talk:Lexicographical_data#You_can_now_reuse_Wikidata_Lexemes_on_all_wikis|on the project talk page]]. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-06-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-06-28|en}} at 06:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s7.dblist targeted wikis]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311033] * Some global and cross-wiki services will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-06-30|en}} at 06:00 UTC. This will impact ContentTranslation, Echo, StructuredDiscussions, Growth experiments and a few more services. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T300472] * Users will be able to sort columns within sortable tables in the mobile skin. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T233340] '''Future meetings''' * The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|open meeting with the Web team]] about Vector (2022) will take place tomorrow (28 June). The following meetings will take place on 12 July and 26 July. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/26|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W26"/> </div> 22:01, 27 juni 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23453785 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-27</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W27"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/27|Translations]] are available. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-07-05|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s6.dblist targeted wikis]) and on {{#time:j xg|2022-07-07|en}} at 7:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s4.dblist targeted wikis]). * The Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] will be updated throughout July. Discussions will look different. You can see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Prototype|some of the proposed changes]]. * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=| Advanced item]] This change only affects pages in the main namespace in Wikisource. The Javascript config variable <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>proofreadpage_source_href</code></bdi> will be removed from <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Interface/JavaScript#mw.config|mw.config]]</code></bdi> and be replaced with the variable <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>prpSourceIndexPage</code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309490] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W27"/> </div> 21:30, 4 juli 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23466250 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-28</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W28"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/28|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * In the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector 2022 skin]], the page title is now displayed above the tabs such as Discussion, Read, Edit, View history, or More. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates#Page title/tabs switch|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T303549] * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] It is now possible to easily view most of the configuration settings that apply to just one wiki, and to compare settings between two wikis if those settings are different. For example: [https://noc.wikimedia.org/wiki.php?wiki=jawiktionary Japanese Wiktionary settings], or [https://noc.wikimedia.org/wiki.php?wiki=eswiki&compare=eowiki settings that are different between the Spanish and Esperanto Wikipedias]. Local communities may want to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting_wiki_configuration_changes|discuss and propose changes]] to their local settings. Details about each of the named settings can be found by [[mw:Special:Search|searching MediaWiki.org]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308932] *The Anti-Harassment Tools team [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/IP Info feature#May|recently deployed]] the IP Info Feature as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature at all wikis]]. This feature allows abuse fighters to access information about IP addresses. Please check our update on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation/IP Info feature#April|how to find and use the tool]]. Please share your feedback using a link you will be given within the tool itself. '''Changes later this week''' * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] Some wikis will be in read-only for a few minutes because of a switch of their main database. It will be performed on {{#time:j xg|2022-07-12|en}} at 07:00 UTC ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s3.dblist targeted wikis]). '''Future changes''' * The Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] will be updated throughout July. Discussions will look different. You can see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Prototype|some of the proposed changes]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/28|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W28"/> </div> 21:22, 11 juli 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23502519 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-29</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W29"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/29|Translations]] are available. '''Problems''' * The feature on mobile web for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:NearbyPages|Nearby Pages]] was missing last week. It will be fixed this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312864] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). '''Future changes''' * The [[mw:Technical_decision_making/Forum|Technical Decision Forum]] is seeking [[mw:Technical_decision_making/Community_representation|community representatives]]. You can apply on wiki or by emailing <span class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">TDFSupport@wikimedia.org</span> before 12 August. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/29|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W29"/> </div> 00:58, 19 juli 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23517957 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-30</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W30"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/30|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * The <span class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[https://www.wikibooks.org/ www.wikibooks.org]</span> and <span class="mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr">[https://www.wikiquote.org/ www.wikiquote.org]</span> portal pages now use an automated update system. Other [[m:Project_portals|project portals]] will be updated over the next few months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273179] '''Problems''' * Last week, some wikis were in read-only mode for a few minutes because of an emergency switch of their main database ([https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists/s7.dblist targeted wikis]). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T313383] '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-07-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The external link icon will change slightly in the skins Vector legacy and Vector 2022. The new icon uses simpler shapes to be more recognizable on low-fidelity screens. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T261391] * Administrators will now see buttons on user pages for "{{int:changeblockip}}" and "{{int:unblockip}}" instead of just "{{int:blockip}}" if the user is already blocked. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308570] '''Future meetings''' * The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|open meeting with the Web team]] about Vector (2022) will take place tomorrow (26 July). '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/30|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W30"/> </div> 21:25, 25 juli 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23545370 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Tech News: 2022-31</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="technews-2022-W31"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/31|Translations]] are available. '''Recent changes''' * Improved [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Displaying_a_formula#Phantom|LaTeX capabilities for math rendering]] are now available in the wikis thanks to supporting <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code>Phantom</code></bdi> tags. This completes part of [[m:Community_Wishlist_Survey_2022/Editing/Missing_LaTeX_capabilities_for_math_rendering|the #59 wish]] of the 2022 Community Wishlist Survey. '''Changes later this week''' * [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2022-08-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.39/Roadmap|calendar]]). * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:WikiEditor/Realtime_Preview|Realtime Preview]] will be available as a Beta Feature on wikis in [https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=dblists%2Fgroup0.dblist Group 0]. This feature was built in order to fulfill [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey_2021/Real_Time_Preview_for_Wikitext|one of the Community Wishlist Survey proposals]]. '''Future changes''' * The Beta Feature for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] will be updated throughout August. Discussions will look different. You can see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Prototype|some of the proposed changes]]. '''Future meetings''' * This week, three meetings about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector (2022)]] with live interpretation will take place. On Tuesday, interpretation in Russian will be provided. On Thursday, meetings for Arabic and Spanish speakers will take place. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Updates/Talk to Web|See how to join]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2022/31|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2022-W31"/> </div> 23:20, 1 august 2022 (CEST) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=23615613 --> qs4mrdg2px1g258743ffq2g3j0arrv4 0 263574 3426954 3408402 2022-08-01T20:44:46Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Geokutija|Pokrajina <!-- *** Gornji dio *** --> | ime =Regija Prešov | izvorno_ime =Prešovský kraj | drugo_ime = | kategorija = [[Regije Slovačke|Slovačka regija]] <!-- *** Simboli *** --> | zastava = Presovsky vlajka.svg | simbol = Coat of Arms of Prešov Region.svg <!-- *** Države, regije i.t.d *** --> | država = Slovačka | zastava_države = da <!-- *** Granice, objekti što pripadaju ovaj dio i.t.d *** --> | graniči_sa = [[Poljska]]<br>[[Ukrajina]]<br>[[Košice (regija)|Košice]]<br>[[Banska Bistrica (regija)|Banská Bistrica]]<br>[[Žilina (regija)|Žilina]] | dio = | grad = | znamenitost = | rijeka = <!-- *** Položaj *** --> | glavni_grad = [[Prešov]] <!-- *** Dimenzije *** --> | površina = 8 993 <!-- *** Stanovništvo *** --> | stanovništvo = 789 968 | stanovništvo_datum = | stanovništvo_gustoća = <!-- *** Historija i administracija *** --> | osnovan = | datum = | vlada = | lider = | lider_vrsta = <br>regije: | partija_lidera = <!-- *** Kod *** --> | vremenska_zona = | utc_odstupanje = | vremenska_zona_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | poštanski_broj = | pozivni broj = 421 | kod = | kod_vrsta = <!-- *** Slobodni polji *** --> | prazno = | prazno_vrsta = | prazno1 = | prazno1_vrsta = <!-- *** Karta *** --> | karta = Presov_kraj.png <!-- *** Webb stranice *** --> | web_stranica = www.vucpo.sk <!-- *** Bilješka *** --> | bilješka = }} '''Regija Prešov''' ([[Slovački jezik|slovački]]: ''Prešovský kraj'') je jedna od 8 [[Regije Slovačke|slovačkih administrativnih regija]] čiji je glavni grad [[Prešov]]. Sastoji se od 13 okruga. Pokrajina se prostire na 8.993&nbsp;km² i ima 789.968 stanovnika (2001.). Osnovana je [[1996]]. godine, dok je prema administrativnoj podjeli iz [[1923]]. godine bila podijeljena na dva dijela. Prema teritorijalnoj podjeli iz [[1960]]. godine bila je dio veće regije sa središtem u [[Košice|Košicama]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.po-kraj.sk/sk/fakty/zakladne-informacie/demografia/ |title=Demografia Prešovského samosprávneho kraja - VÚC Prešov |language=sk |publisher=Po-kraj.sk |date= |accessdate=19. 8. 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925025614/http://www.po-kraj.sk/sk/fakty/zakladne-informacie/demografia/ |archivedate=25. 9. 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ova regija je najmnogoljudnija slovačka regija, sa gustinom naseljenosti ispod prosjeka Slovačke. ==Geografija== Ova regija se nalazi u sjeveroistočnom dijelu [[Slovačka|Slovačke]] a zauzima površinu od 8993&nbsp;km². Ima pretežno planinski krajolik sa [[Visoke Tatre|Visokim Tatrama]] i [[Belianske Tatre|Belianskim Tatrama]] koje su dio planinskog masiva [[Tatre (planina)|Tatre]]. Nalaze se skoro u cjelini u ovoj regiji sa 2654 metra visokim vrhom [[Gerlahovský štít]], najvišim u Slovačkoj. Na sjeveru se graniči sa [[Malopoljsko vojvodstvo|Malopoljskim Vojvodstvom]] i [[Potkarpatsko vojvodstvo|Potkarpatskim Vojvodstvom]] u [[Poljska|Poljskoj]], na istoku sa [[Zakarpatska oblast|Zakarpatskom Oblašću]] u [[Ukrajina|Ukrajini]], na jugu sa [[Košice (regija)|Košice Regionom]], na jugozapadu sa [[Banska Bistrica (regija)|Banská Bistrica]] i na zapadu sa [[Žilina (regija)|Žilina Regijom]]. ==Stanovništvo== Gustina naseljenosti regije je 90,8 stanovnika po km², što je ispod slovačkog prosjeka (110 po km²). Najveći gradovi su: [[Prešov]], [[Poprad]], [[Humenné]], [[Bardejov]] i [[Snina]]. Prema popisu iz [[2011]]. godine, u regiji je živjelo 814.527 stanovnika, većinom [[Slovaci|Slovaka]] (90,7%), uz manjine: [[Romi]] (4%), [[Rusini]] (2.7%), [[Ukrajinci]] (<1%) i [[Česi]] (<0,5%).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.sk/webdata/english/census2001/tab/tab3a.htm |title=POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 2001 - Tab. 3a |publisher=Web.archive.org |date=29. 11. 2006 |accessdate=19. 8. 2013 |archive-date=29. 11. 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061129153653/http://www.statistics.sk/webdata/english/census2001/tab/tab3a.htm |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> ==Administrativna podjela== Regija se sastoji od 13 okruga sa ukupno 666 općina, od kojih je 23 grada u kojima živi oko polovina stanovništva regije. == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.vucpo.sk/ Prešovský samosprávny kraj] Službena web stranica regije ==Reference== {{Refspisak}} {{Commonscat|Prešov Region}} {{Regioni u Slovačkoj}} [[Kategorija:Krajevi Slovačke]] [[Kategorija:Prešovski kraj|*]] 1ggtc3nfao6y3mgu162p6l02tbcp7u1 0 263934 3427016 3100037 2022-08-02T08:19:20Z MladenSimeunovic 144751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija osoba | ime = Vojin Simeunović | slika = | veličina_slike = | opis = | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1936|5|8}} | mjesto_rođenja = Gornja Slatina (Šamac), Kraljevina Jugoslavija | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|GGGG|MM|DD|GGGG|MM|DD}}--> | mjesto_smrti = <!-- [[Grad]], [[Država]] --> | nacionalnost = Srbin | druga_imena = | zanimanje = Filozof | godine_aktivnosti = | poznat_po = | značajna_djela = }} '''Vojin Simeunović''' ([[1936|1936.]] - 2019.) [[filozof]]. Vojin Simeunović rođen je u naselju [[Gornja Slatina]] kod [[Šamca]]. Završio je studij [[Filozofija|filozofije]] i [[srpskohrvatski jezik|srpskohrvatskog jezika]] na [[Filozofski fakultet u Sarajevu|Filozofskom fakultetu u Sarajevu]] [[1963]]. Doktorsku disertaciju pod nazivom: Povijest i svijest – prilog marksističkoj kritici metafizike, odbranio je [[1974]]. Jedno vrijeme radio je na [[Fakultet političkih nauka u Sarajevu|Fakultetu političkih nauka u Sarajevu]]. Izabran je [[1974]]. za docenta na [[Odsjek za filozofiju Filozofskog fakulteta u Sarajevu|Odsjeku za filozofiju i sociologiju Filozofskog fakulteta u Sarajevu]]. Godine [[1978]]. za vanrednog, a [[1983]]. za redovnog profesora na predmetima [[Historija filozofije|Istorija filozofije]] i [[Osnove marksizma]]. Filozofski fakultet u Sarajevu napustio je [[1992]]. Glavno područje Simeunovićevog naučnog interesa bila je [[marksistička filozofija]] i njen odnos prema tradiciji i iz te oblasti je objavio više radova ([[Pregled]], [[Dijalog]], [[Praxis]], [[Gledišta]], [[Odjek]]). == Posebna izdanja == * Filozofija i zbilja, Sarajevo 1979. * Između svijesti i čina, Sarajevo 1982. * Filozofska kritika, Sarajevo 1983. == Literatura == * Spomenica 60. godišnjice Filozofskog fakulteta u Sarajevu (1950–2010), Filozofski fakultet, Sarajevo 2010, 73-74. {{DEFAULTSORT:Simeunović, Vojin}} [[Kategorija:Odsjek za filozofiju Filozofskog fakulteta u Sarajevu]] [[Kategorija:Bosanskohercegovački filozofi]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Brčko]] [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1936.]] 81odh5qgmabsiaa4x7q2dhugnr2p20a 0 265305 3426893 3328695 2022-08-01T12:29:58Z Boja02 98016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nogometaš | imenogometaša = Avdija Vršajević | nadimak = Vršo | slika = 20150331 2026 AUT BIH 2166 Avdija Vršajević.jpg | datumrođenja = {{datum rođenja i godine|1986|3|6}} | rodnigrad = [[Tešanj]] | rodnadržava = [[SR Bosna i Hercegovina]], [[SFRJ]] | visina = 182 cm | težina = 73 kg | pozicija = Odbrana<ref>[http://www.transfermarkt.com/en/avdija-vrsajevic/profil/spieler_28481.html Avdija Vršajević, transfermarkt.de info]</ref> | omladinskegodine = | omladinskipogoni = [[NK TOŠK|TOŠK]] | trenutniklub = [[Osmanlıspor]] | brojnadresu = 2 | godine1 = 2003–2004 | klubovi1 = [[NK TOŠK|TOŠK]] | nastupi(golovi)1 = | godine2 = 2004–2005 | klubovi2 = [[FK Željezničar Sarajevo|Željezničar]] | nastupi(golovi)2 = 24 (1) | godine3 = 2005–2007 | klubovi3 = [[NK Čelik|Čelik]] | nastupi(golovi)3 = 18 (3) | godine4 = 2007–2008 | klubovi4 = [[AC Sparta Prag|Sparta P.]] | nastupi(golovi)4 = 0 (0) | godine5 = 2008 | klubovi5 = →[[SK Kladno|Kladno]] | nastupi(golovi)5 = 11 (0) | godine6 = 2008 | klubovi6 = →[[1. FC Tatran Prešov|Tatran]] | nastupi(golovi)6 = 10 (1) | godine7 = 2009–2011 | klubovi7 = [[1. FC Tatran Prešov|Tatran Prešov]] | nastupi(golovi)7 = 60 (3) | godine8 = 2011–2012 | klubovi8 = [[NK Čelik|Čelik]] | nastupi(golovi)8 = 21 (3) | godine9 = 2012–2015 | klubovi9 = [[HNK Hajduk Split|Hajduk]] | nastupi(golovi)9 = 74 (4) | godine10 = 2015– | klubovi10 = [[Osmanlıspor]] | nastupi(golovi)10 = 31 (0) | reprezentacija = da | nacionalnegodine1 = 2006 | nacionalneekipe1 = [[Nogometna reprezentacija Bosne i Hercegovine U-21|BiH U-21]] | nacionalninastupi(golovi)1 = 13 (1) | nacionalnegodine2 = 2012– | nacionalneekipe2 = {{NOG|BIH}} | nacionalninastupi(golovi)2 = 17 (2) | zadnjeuređivanje = 29. mart 2015. }} '''Avdija Vršajević''' (rođen 6. marta 1986.) je [[Bosna i Hercegovina|bosanskohercegovački nogometaš]] i [[Nogometna reprezentacija Bosne i Hercegovine|reprezentativac Bosne i Hercegovine]]. Trenutno nastupa za turski klub [[Osmanlispor]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.transfermarkt.co.uk/avdija-vrsajevic/profil/spieler/28481|title=Avdija Vrsajevic - player profile 16/17 {{!}} Transfermarkt|access-date=17. 8. 2016}}</ref> == Klupska karijera == Karijeru je započeo u [[NK TOŠK|TOŠK-u]] iz Tešnja za koji nastupa do 2004. godine, kada prelazi u sarajevski [[FK Željezničar Sarajevo|Željezničar]]. Nakon [[FK Željezničar Sarajevo|Željezničara]] igra za zenički [[NK Čelik|Čelik]] iz kojeg 2007. godine odlazi u [[AC Sparta Prag|Spartu]] iz [[Prag]]a.<ref name=":0" /> Za [[AC Sparta Prag|Spartu]] nije nastupao u prvenstvenim utakmicama. Iz [[AC Sparta Prag|Sparte]] odlazi na dvije posudbe, prvo, u [[SK Kladno]], a zatim u [[1. FC Tatran Prešov|Tatran Prešov]]. Nakon isteka posudbe napušta [[AC Sparta Prag|Spartu]] i odlazi u [[1. FC Tatran Prešov|Tatran Prešov]]. U [[1. FC Tatran Prešov|Tatranu]] je zaigrao u 60 prvenstvenih utakmica i pritom postigao tri pogotka.<ref name=":0" /> Prije početka sezone 2011./12. vraća se u [[NK Čelik|Čelik]] iz Zenice za koji je nastupio u 21 prvenstvenoj utakmici. U ljeto 2012. godine, priključuje se [[HNK Hajduk Split|Hajduku]] iz Splita. Za [[HNK Hajduk Split|Hajduk]] je debitirao u prvom prvenstvenom kolu protiv Istre, u [[Pula|Puli]] (0:0), dok je prvi pogodak postigao u gradskom derbiju protiv ekipe [[Nk split|Splita]], za pobjedu [[HNK Hajduk Split|Hajduka]] od 0:1<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dalmacijanews.com/Split/View/tabid/87/ID/103018/Split--Hajduk-01-UZIVO-Vrsajevic-zabio-za-vodstvo-bijelih.aspx |title=Vršajević odlučio gradski derbi (FOTO), Dalmacija news, 28 oktobar 2012 |access-date=13. 10. 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202230535/http://www.dalmacijanews.com/Split/View/tabid/87/ID/103018/Split--Hajduk-01-UZIVO-Vrsajevic-zabio-za-vodstvo-bijelih.aspx |archive-date=2. 12. 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> U julu 2015. godine, Vršajević napušta [[HNK Hajduk Split|Hajduk]] i prelazi u turski klub [[Osmanlispor]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://reprezentacija.ba/27296-avdija-vrsajevic-na-oprostaju-iz-splita-hajduk-me-ucinio-reprezentativcem-bih|title=Avdija Vršajević na oproštaju iz Splita: Hajduk me učinio reprezentativcem BiH|access-date=17. 8. 2016}}</ref> == Reprezentacija == U 2006. godini, Vršajević dobiva pozivnicu da nastupi za [[Nogometna reprezentacija Bosne i Hercegovine|U21 reprezentaciju Bosne i Hercegovine]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sportsport.ba/bh_fudbal/avdija-vrsajevic-najcesce-osporavani-bh-reprezentativac/131010|title=Avdija Vršajević: Najčešće osporavani bh. reprezentativac|access-date=17. 8. 2016}}</ref> Za seniorsku [[Nogometna reprezentacija Bosne i Hercegovine|reprezentaciju BiH]] debitirao je 2012. godine u prijateljskoj utakmici protiv [[Slovenija|Slovenije]], koju je BIH dobila rezultatom 3-0.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.scsport.ba/vijesti/kraj-slovenija-bosna-i-hercegovina-03/50066|title=Sport Centar - KRAJ: Slovenija - Bosna i Hercegovina 0:3|last=www.scsport.ba|first=Sport Centar -|access-date=17. 8. 2016}}{{Mrtav link|datum=Oktobar 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> U ljeto 2014. godine, Vršajević dobiva pozivnicu da nastupi za seniorsku reprezentaciju BIH na [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u nogometu 2014.|Svjetskom prvenstvu u Brazilu]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/bosnia-and-herzegovina/10810419/Bosnia-Herzegovina-World-Cup-2014-squad.html|title=Bosnia-Herzegovina World Cup 2014 squad|access-date=17. 8. 2016}}</ref> U trećem kolu grupne faze Svjetskog prvenstva u Brazilu, Vršajević postiže svoj prvi gol za BIH u pobijedi protiv reprezentacije [[Iran]]a rezultatom 3-1.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/football/25285298|title=World Cup: Bosnia-Hercegovina 3-1 Iran|access-date=17. 8. 2016}}</ref> == Statistika == === Reprezentacija === ''Ažurirano: 29. 3. 2017.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.transfermarkt.co.uk/avdija-vrsajevic/nationalmannschaft/spieler/28481|title=Avdija Vrsajevic - National team {{!}} Transfermarkt|access-date=17. 8. 2016}}</ref> '''Nastupi za reprezentaciju''' {| class="wikitable" !Reprezentacija !Godina !Nastupi !Golovi |- | rowspan="6" |[[Nogometna reprezentacija Bosne i Hercegovine|Bosna i Hercegovina]] |2012. | align=center |4 | align=center |0 |- |2013. | align=center |7 | align=center |0 |- |2014. | align=center |4 | align=center |1 |- |2015. | align=center |1 | align=center |0 |- |2016. | align=center |0 | align=center |0 |- |2017. | align=center |1 | align=center |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ukupno !17 !2 |} '''Golovi za reprezentaciju''' {| class="wikitable" ! !Datum !Lokacija !Protivnik !Gol !Rezultat !Takmičenje |- |1. |25. juni 2014. |[[Itaipava Arena Fonte Nova|Arena Fonte Nova]], [[Salvador (Bahia)|Salvador]], [[Brazil]] |{{NOG|IRN}} | align=center |'''3'''–1 | align=center |3–1 |[[Svjetsko prvenstvo u nogometu 2014.|SP 2014.]] |- |2. |25. mart 2017. |[[Stadion Bilino polje|Bilino polje]], [[Zenica]] |{{NOG|GIB}} | align=center |'''3'''–0 | align=center |5–0 |[[Kvalifikacije za Svjetsko prvenstvo u nogometu 2018.|Kvalifikacije za SP 2018.]] |} == Reference == {{refspisak|2}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat|Avdija Vršajević}} * {{službeni website|http://avdijavrsajevic.com}} * {{Soccerway|avdija-vrsajevic/17170}} * [http://www.transfermarkt.co.uk/en/avdija-vrsajevic/profil/spieler_28481.html Avdija Vršajević] na transfermarkt.co.uk {{Navkutije |ime = Sastavi Bosne i Hercegovine |naslov = Sastavi Bosne i Hercegovine |naslovstil = background-color:#070db5; color:#ffd700; border: solid 1px #ffff00; |podaci1 = {{Sastav Bosne i Hercegovine na SP 2014. u nogometu}} }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Vršajević, Avdija}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1986.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Doboj]] [[Kategorija:Bosanskohercegovački nogometaši]] [[Kategorija:Igrači na Svjetskom prvenstvu u nogometu 2014.]] [[Kategorija:Nogometaši Čelika]] [[Kategorija:Nogometaši Željezničara]] [[Kategorija:Nogometaši Hajduka]] [[Kategorija:Nogometaši AC Sparta Prage]] [[Kategorija:Nogometaši SK Kladna]] [[Kategorija:Nogometaši 1. FC Tatran Prešova]] [[Kategorija:Nogometaši Osmanlıspora]] escqy4z1voiyir9bsfff52k41qra9o2 0 265680 3426971 3408408 2022-08-01T21:24:02Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prva liga Jugoslavije u košarci 1987/88.''' je bilo 45. prvenstvo SFRJ u košarci. Titulu je osvojila KK Jugoplastika. == Učesnici prvenstva == {{Lokacijska karta+|Jugoslavija|float=right|width=360|caption=Lokacije klubova Prve lige Jugoslavije 1988/89.|places= {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=44.920556 |long=20.462222|label=[[KK Partizan|Partizan]]<br />[[KK Crvena zvezda|C. zvezda]]<br />[[KK Atlas|IMT]]|position=right}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.926111 |long=18.351667|label=[[KK Bosna|Bosna]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.888056 |long=20.343056|label=[[KK Borac Čačak|Borac]]|position=top}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.508132 |long=16.440194|label=[[KK Split|Jugoplastika]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=45.813029 |long=15.977895|label=[[KK Cibona Zagreb|Cibona]]}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=44.119392 |long=15.232911|label=[[KK Zadar|Zadar]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.73502 |long=15.895204|label=[[KK Šibenik|Šibenka]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.855833 |long=19.841111|label=[[KK Sloboda Užice|Prvi partizan]]|position=bottom}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=46.05 |long=14.5|label=[[KK Union Olimpija|Olimpija]]}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=45.355 |long=19.844722|label=[[KK Vojvodina|Vojvodina]]|position=left}} }} === Tabela === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! ! style="width:180px;"|Tim !Igr. !Pob. !Ner. !Izg. !P+ !P- !P+/- !Bod |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 1. ||[[KK Partizan|Partizan Beograd]] || 22 || 16 || 0 || 6 || 2096 ||1879|| || 38 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 2. ||[[KK Split|Jugoplastika Split]] || 22 || 16 || 0 || 6 || 1940 ||1729|| || 38 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 3. ||[[KK Bosna|Bosna Sarajevo]] || 22 || 15 || 0 || 7 || 1911 ||1776|| || 37 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 4. ||[[KK Crvena zvezda|Crvena zvezda Beograd]] || 22 || 14 || 0 || 8 || 1921 ||1843|| ||36 |- | 5. ||[[KK Zadar|Zadar]] || 22 || 14 || 0 || 8 || 1920 ||1710|| || 36 |- | 6. ||[[KK Union Olimpija|Olimpija Ljubljana]] || 22 || 14 || 0 || 8 || 2059 ||1799|| || 36 |- | 7. ||[[KK Cibona Zagreb|Cibona Zagreb]] || 22 || 12 || 0 || 10 || 1936 ||1919|| ||34 |- | 8. ||[[KK Atlas|IMT Beograd]]|| 22 || 10 || 0 || 12 || 2016 ||2081|| || 32 |- | 9. ||[[KK Vojvodina|Vojvodina Novi Sad]] || 22 || 9 || 0 || 13 || 1902 ||1932|| || 31 |- style="background:#fdd;" | 10. ||[[KK Šibenik|Šibenka]] || 22 || 6 || 0 || 16 || 1906 ||2172|| ||28 |- style="background:#fdd;" | 11. ||[[KK Sloboda Užice|Prvi partizan Užice]]|| 22 || 3 || 0 || 19 || 1707 ||2125|| ||25 |- style="background:#fdd;" | 12. ||[[KK Borac Čačak|Borac Čačak]]|| 22 || 3 || 0 || 19 || 1844 ||2277|| ||25 |} '''''Legenda:''''' {{legenda|#ACE1AF|Plasman u plej-of}} {{legenda|#FF6666|Sljedeće sezone u Drugoj ligi}} === Plej-of === # Partizan - '''Jugoplastika''' 73:74 # '''Jugoplastika''' - Partizan 75:70 # '''Jugoplastika''' - Partizan 2:0 Druga utakmica finala je prekinuta 28 sekundi prije kraja utakmice poslije prekida koji su izazvali navijači Jugoplastike pogodivši Divca novčićem u glavu. Trener Partizana Duško Vujošević je nezadovoljan suđenjem povukao svoju ekipu sa terena. KSJ je kaznio Partizan registriranjem sljedeće utakmice za Jugoplastiku službenim rezultatom 2:0, čime je Jugoplastika stekla treću pobjedu i osvojila prvenstvo. == Sastavi ekipa == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" |- !Ekipa !Igrači !Trener |- | Jugoplastika | [[Zoran Sretenović]], [[Velimir Perasović]], [[Luka Pavićević]], [[Toni Kukoč]], [[Željko Poljak]], [[Žan Tabak]], [[Duško Ivanović]], [[Dino Rađa]] | [[Božidar Maljković]] |- | Partizan | [[Aleksandar Đorđević (košarkaš)|Aleksandar Đorđević]], [[Predrag Danilović]], [[Dejan Parežanin]], [[Jadran Vujačić]], [[Milenko Savović]], [[Miladin Mutavdžić]], [[Vlade Divac]], [[Oliver Popović]], [[Žarko Paspalj]], [[Ivo Nakić]] | [[Duško Vujošević]] |- | Crvena zvezda | [[Zoran Radović]], [[Nebojša Ilić (košarkaš)|Nebojša Ilić]], [[Zoran Jovanović (košarkaš)|Zoran Jovanović]], [[Srđan Dabić]], [[Ivo Petović]], [[Slobodan Janković]], [[Predrag Bogosavljev]], [[Zufer Avdija]], [[Stevan Karadžić]], [[Saša Obradović]], [[Rastko Cvetković]], [[Mirko Pavlović]], [[Aleksandar Gilić]], [[Slobodan Kaličanin]] | [[Zoran Slavnić]] |} == Vanjski linkovi == * {{cite web | url = http://nsl.kosarka.co.yu/History2.aspx | title = Istorijat Državnih prvenstava 1945 - 1991 (archive copy at the Wayback Machine) | publisher = [[Basketball League of Serbia]] | date = 5. 6. 2008 | accessdate = 2. 12. 2010 | archive-date = 2. 7. 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080702123851/http://nsl.kosarka.co.yu/History2.aspx | url-status = bot: unknown }} == Reference == {{reference}} {{Prva liga Jugoslavije u košarci}} [[Kategorija:Prvenstvo Jugoslavije u košarci]] [[Kategorija:1989. u košarci]] [[Kategorija:1988. u košarci]] [[Kategorija:1989. u Jugoslaviji]] [[Kategorija:1988. u Jugoslaviji]] ntvnefovzlw7xwof2vnhp6rgpj2us0f 0 265692 3426970 3408407 2022-08-01T21:24:01Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prva liga Jugoslavije u košarci 1987/88.''' je bilo 44. po redu prvenstvo [[SFRJ]] u košarci. Titulu je osvojila [[Split|splitska]] [[KK Split|Jugoplastika]]. == Učesnici prvenstva == {{Lokacijska karta+|Jugoslavija|float=right|width=360|caption=Lokacije klubova Prve lige Jugoslavije 1987/88.|places= {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=44.920556 |long=20.462222|label=[[KK Partizan|Partizan]]<br />[[KK Crvena zvezda|C. zvezda]]<br />[[KK Atlas|IMT]]|position=right}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.926111 |long=18.351667|label=[[KK Bosna|Bosna]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.888056 |long=20.343056|label=[[KK Borac Čačak|Borac]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.508132 |long=16.440194|label=[[KK Split|Jugoplastika]]|position=right}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=45.813029 |long=15.977895|label=[[KK Cibona|Cibona]]}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=42.438056 |long=19.258056|label=[[KK Budućnost|Budućnost]]}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=44.119392 |long=15.232911|label=[[KK Zadar|Zadar]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.73502 |long=15.895204|label=[[KK Šibenik|Šibenka]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=42.088666 |long=21.4|label=[[KK MZT Skoplje|MZT]]|position=right}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=46.05 |long=14.5|label=[[KK Union Olimpija|Olimpija]]}} }} === Tabela === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! ! style="width:180px;"|Tim !Igr. !Pob. !Ner. !Izg. !P+ !P- !P+/- !Bod |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 1. ||[[KK Split|Jugoplastika]] || 22 || 21 || 0 || 1 || 2025 ||1764|| || 43 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 2. ||[[KK Cibona|Cibona Zagreb]] || 22 || 17 || 0 || 5 || 2235 ||2007|| ||39 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 3. ||[[KK Partizan|Partizan]] || 22 || 15 || 0 || 7 || 2066 ||1973|| ||37 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 4. ||[[KK Union Olimpija|Smelt Olimpija]] || 22 || 14 || 0 || 8 || 2018 ||1943|| ||36 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 5. ||[[KK Zadar|Zadar]] || 22 || 10 || 0 || 12 || 2050 ||1974|| || 32 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 6. ||[[KK Crvena zvezda|Crvena zvezda]] || 22 || 10 || 0 || 12 || 1937 ||1997|| || 32 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 7. ||[[KK Atlas|IMT Beograd]] || 22 || 9 || 0 || 13 || 2042 ||2106|| || 31 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 8. ||[[KK Šibenik|Šibenka]] || 22 || 9 || 0 || 13 || 1976 ||2020|| || 31 |- | 9. ||[[KK Bosna|Bosna]] || 22 || 8 || 0 || 14 || 1992 ||2028|| || 30 |- | 10. ||[[KK Borac Čačak|Borac Čačak]]|| 22 || 7 || 0 || 15 || 1839 ||2002|| || 29 |- style="background:#fdd;" | 11. ||[[KK MZT Skoplje|MZT Skoplje]]|| 22 || 6 || 0 || 16 || 1858 ||2046|| ||28 |- style="background:#fdd;" | 12. ||[[KK Budućnost|Budućnost]] ||22|| 6 ||0||16 ||1915||2093 ||||28 |} '''''Legenda:''''' {{legenda|#ACE1AF|Plasman u plej-of}} {{legenda|#FF6666|Sledeće sezone u Drugoj ligi}} === Plej-of === # '''Jugoplastika''' - Partizan 101:79 # '''Partizan''' - Jugosplastika 86:80 # '''Jugoplastika''' - Partizan 88:67 == Sastavi ekipa == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" |- !Ekipa !Igrači !Trener |- | Jugoplastika | [[Zoran Sretenović]], [[Velimir Perasović]], Alanović, [[Toni Kukoč]], [[Željko Poljak]], [[Žan Tabak]], [[Duško Ivanović]], [[Dino Rađa]], Vučić, Mišković, Stipančev, Koludrović | [[Božidar Maljković]] |} == Vanjski linkovi == * {{cite web | url = http://nsl.kosarka.co.yu/History2.aspx | title = Istorijat Državnih prvenstava 1945 - 1991 (archive copy at the Wayback Machine) | publisher = [[Basketball League of Serbia]] | date = 5. 6. 2008 | accessdate = 2. 12. 2010 | archive-date = 2. 7. 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080702123851/http://nsl.kosarka.co.yu/History2.aspx | url-status = bot: unknown }} == Reference == {{reference}} {{Prva liga Jugoslavije u košarci}} [[Kategorija:Prvenstvo Jugoslavije u košarci]] [[Kategorija:1987. u košarci]] [[Kategorija:1988. u košarci]] [[Kategorija:1987. u Jugoslaviji]] [[Kategorija:1988. u Jugoslaviji]] 9z794dq5qbspnq2bbsdddhdqhq3iscb 0 265705 3426969 3408406 2022-08-01T21:23:59Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prva liga Jugoslavije u košarci 1986/87.''' je bilo 43. prvenstvo SFRJ u košarci. Titulu je osvojila [[KK Cibona|Cibona]]. == Učesnici prvenstva == {{Lokacijska karta+|Jugoslavija|float=right|width=360|caption=Lokacije klubova Prve lige Jugoslavije 1986/87.|places= {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=44.920556 |long=20.462222|label=[[KK Partizan|Partizan]]<br />[[KK Crvena zvezda|C. zvezda]]|position=right}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.926111 |long=18.351667|label=[[KK Bosna|Bosna]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.888056 |long=20.343056|label=[[KK Borac Čačak|Borac]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.508132 |long=16.440194|label=[[KK Split|Jugoplastika]]|position=right}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=45.813029 |long=15.977895|label=[[KK Cibona Zagreb|Cibona]]}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=42.438056 |long=19.258056|label=[[KK Budućnost|Budućnost]]}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=44.119392 |long=15.232911|label=[[KK Zadar|Zadar]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=43.73502 |long=15.895204|label=[[KK Šibenik|Šibenka]]|position=left}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=42.088666 |long=21.4|label=[[KK Rabotnički|Rabotnički]]<br />[[KK MZT Skoplje|MZT]]|position=right}} {{Lokacijska karta~|Jugoslavija|lat=44.638056 |long=18.676111|label=[[KK Sloboda Tuzla|Sloboda]]|position=left}} }} === Tabela === {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! ! style="width:180px;"|Tim !Igr. !Pob. !Ner. !Izg. !P+ !P- !P+/- !Bod |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 1. ||[[KK Cibona Zagreb|Cibona]]||22 ||22 ||0||0 ||2242||1960 ||||44 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 2. ||[[KK Partizan|Partizan]]||22 ||18 ||0||4 ||2105||1950 ||||40 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 3. ||[[KK Split|Jugoplastika]]||22 ||15 ||0||7 ||2040||1816 ||||37 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 4. ||[[KK Crvena zvezda|Crvena zvezda]]||22 ||15 ||0||7 ||1974||1860 ||||37 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 5. ||[[KK Šibenik|Šibenka]]||22 ||12 ||0||10 ||2006||1982 ||||34 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 6. ||[[KK Bosna|Bosna]]||22 ||12 ||0||10 ||1950||1914 ||||34 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 7. ||[[KK Zadar|Zadar]]||22 ||9 ||0||13 ||1897||1979 ||||31 |- style="background:#ACE1AF;" | 8. ||[[KK MZT Skoplje|MZT]]||22 ||7 ||0||15 ||1771||1892 ||||29 |- | 9. ||[[KK Budućnost|Budućnost]]||22 ||7 ||0||15 ||1826||2010 ||||29 |- | 10. ||[[KK Borac Čačak|Borac Čačak]]||22 ||7 ||0||15 ||1839||1968 ||||29 |- style="background:#fdd;" | 11. ||[[KK Sloboda Tuzla|Sloboda Tuzla]]||22 ||5 ||0||17 ||1816||1957 ||||27 |- style="background:#fdd;" | 12. ||[[KK Rabotnički|Rabotnički]]||22 ||3 ||0||19 ||1758||2036 ||||25 |} '''''Legenda:''''' {{legenda|#ACE1AF|Plasman u plej-of}} {{legenda|#FF6666|Sljedeće sezone u Drugoj ligi}} === Plej-of === # '''Partizan''' - Crvena zvezda 78:73 # '''Partizan''' - Crvena zvezda 89:88 == Sastavi ekipa == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" |- !Ekipa !Igrači !Trener |- | Partizan | [[Aleksandar Đorđević (košarkaš)|Aleksandar Đorđević]], [[Vladimir Dragutinović]], [[Želimir Obradović]], [[Dejan Lakićević]], [[Savo Stefanović]], [[Goran Grbović]], [[Milenko Savović]], [[Vlade Divac]], [[Ivo Nakić]], [[Žarko Paspalj]], [[Slaviša Koprivica]], [[Oliver Popović]], [[Obrad Ignjatović]] | [[Duško Vujošević]] |- | Crvena zvezda | [[Nebojša Ilić (košarkaš)|Nebojša Ilić]], [[Slobodan Nikolić]], [[Branislav Prelević]], [[Slobodan Janković]], [[Mirko Milićević]], [[Zoran Radović]], [[Ivo Petović]], [[Rajko Žižić]], [[Aleksandar Trifunović (košarkaš)|Aleksandar Trifunović]], [[Zufer Avdija]] | [[Vlade Đurović]] |- | Cibona | [[Aleksandar Petrović (košarkaš)|Aleksandar Petrović]], [[Zoran Čutura]], [[Dražen Petrović]], [[Sven Ušić]], [[Danko Cvjetičanin]] | [[Mirko Novosel]] |- | Bosna | [[Borislav Vučević|Boro Vučević]], P. Radan, [[Dževad Alihodžić]], F. Alibegović, [[Mario Primorac]], [[Samir Avdić]], R. Dobraš, [[Sabahudin Bilalović]], [[Zdravko Radulović]], M. Mitrović | [[Mirza Delibašić]] |} == Vanjski linkovi == * {{cite web | url = http://nsl.kosarka.co.yu/History2.aspx | title = Istorijat Državnih prvenstava 1945 - 1991 (archive copy at the Wayback Machine) | publisher = [[Basketball League of Serbia]] | date = 5. 6. 2008 | accessdate = 2. 12. 2010 | archive-date = 2. 7. 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080702123851/http://nsl.kosarka.co.yu/History2.aspx | url-status = bot: unknown }} {{Prva liga Jugoslavije u košarci}} [[Kategorija:Prvenstvo Jugoslavije u košarci]] [[Kategorija:1986. u košarci]] [[Kategorija:1987. u košarci]] [[Kategorija:1986. u Jugoslaviji]] [[Kategorija:1987. u Jugoslaviji]] 9xkwyy4fl87wgncmrsonl8hw98uodut 0 268321 3427049 3413260 2022-08-02T11:34:58Z 188.127.126.11 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija sportski rivali | naslov = Sarajevski derbi | ostala imena = FK Sarajevo – FK Željezničar | slika = | grad ili regija = [[Sarajevo]], [[Bosna i Hercegovina]] | uključene ekipe = <small>'''[[FK Sarajevo]]'''</small><br /><small>'''[[FK Željezničar Sarajevo|FK Željezničar]]'''</small> | ukupno = '''Ukupno:''' 146<br> *[[FK Željezničar Sarajevo|FK Željezničar]] (46) *[[FK Sarajevo]] (44) *Neriješeno (56) | najviše pobjeda = | nogometaš sa naviše nastupa = Slobodan Janjuš (21 utakmica) | najbolji strijelac = Dželaludin Muharemović (8 golova) | prvisusret = Željezničar 1–6 Sarajevo<br> <small>10. oktobar 1954.</small><br><small>(Prva liga SFRJ 1953/54.)</small> | posljednjautakmica = Sarajevo 1–1 Željeznučar <br> <small> 11. maj 2022. </small><br><small>([[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2021/2022.|Premijer liga BiH 2021/22.]])</small> | sljedećisusret = | najvećapobjeda = Željezničar 9–1 Torpedo (Sarajevo)<br> <small>29.decembar 1946.</small> }} '''Sarajevski derbi''' je naziv za [[nogomet]]ne utakmice između dva [[Sarajevo|sarajevska]] kluba: [[FK Sarajevo]] i [[FK Željezničar Sarajevo|FK Željezničar]]. Prvu zvaničnu utakmicu u nekom od takmičenja Sarajevo i Željezničar su odigrali 10. oktobra 1954. u prvoj ligi Jugoslavije. Derbi Sarajevo - Željezničar se smatra najvećim gradskim i ligaškim derbijem u Bosni i Hercegovini. U prvoj ligi Jugoslavije po broju šampionskih titula FK Sarajevo je uspješnije sa dvije titule, dok je Željezničar osvojio jednu titulu. Ipak, u međusobnim utakmicama Željezničar je uspješniji ostvarivši jednu pobjedu više u odnosu na FK Sarajevo. U [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine|Premijer ligi Bosne i Hercegovine]], oba tima imaju podjednak broj pobjeda u pogledu međusobnih utakmica, dok je Željezničar uspješniji po broju šampionskih titula. U ostalim takmičenjema Kupa i Superkupa, FK Sarajevo je [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu|kup Bosne i Hercegovine]] osvojilo sedam puta, Željezničar šest puta. [[Superkup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu|Superkup Bosne i Hercegovine]] Željezničar je osvojio tri puta, a FK Sarajevo jedanput. ==Navijači== ===Horde zla=== [[Datoteka:Horde Zla (logo).png|desno|mini|190px|Logo navijačke grupe "Horde zla"]] {{Glavni|Horde zla}} Navijači kluba FK Sarajevo poznati su pod nazivom ''Horde Zla''. Ova navijačka grupa osnovana je 1987. godine, nakon utakmice protiv FK Crvene Zvezde, kada su navijači sa istoka prefarbali zmiju poskoka u bordo bijelu boju i ubacili ga među zvezdine navijače - Delije. 8 osoba je privedeno zbog ovog događaja, te je istima bio zabranjen ulaz na istočnu tribinu. Ova grupa i još nekoliko drugih navijača oformili su novu grupu pod nazivom "Horde Zla". U prošlosti navijači kluba su sebe nazivali ''Pitari''. Naziv "Horde zla" se temelji na istoimenom [[Zagor]]ovom [[strip]]u.<ref>[http://fksinfo.com/fk-sarajevo/navijaci ''Navijači, fksinfo.com'']; pristupljeno: 16. 5. 2015.</ref> ===Manijaci=== {{Glavni|Manijaci}} Navijači kluba FK Željezničar poznati su pod nazivom ''Manijaci''. U drugoj polovini 1980-tih godina dolazi do veće organizacije najvatrenijih navijača FK Željezničar, i oni tada daju sebi ime "The Maniacs". Osim ove grupe stvaraju se i "Blue Tigers" i "Joint Union", te još nekoliko manjih grupa ali svi oni sacinjavaju matičnu grupaciju "Manijaka". Počinje izrada navijačkih vezenih šalova sa imenom grupe (šal "Joint Union" je uživao veliko poštovanje i na tribinama širom tadašnje Jugoslavije), nabavka pirotehničkih sredstava – bakljada, na utakmici protiv FK Crvene Zvezde u jesen 1990.godine je bila dotada najveća u BiH, a putuje se organizovano i na gostovanja sa klubom.<ref>[http://www.themaniacs.org/tm/manijaci/historija-manijaka ''Historija Manijaka, themaniacs.org''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422060043/http://www.themaniacs.org/tm/manijaci/historija-manijaka |date=22. 4. 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 16. 5. 2015.</ref> ==Statistika== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" width=100% |- |colspan=8 width=100% align=center |Statistika utakmica FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar u prvim nogometnim ligama [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije|SFRJ]] i [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine|Bosne i Hercegovine]] |- |} {{Prikaz utakmica nogometnih ekipa |ekipa1 = [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] |ekipa2 = [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] |Zastava ekipe 1 = [[Datoteka:FK_Sarajevo.svg|175px]] |Zastava ekipe 2 = [[Datoteka:FK Željezničar Sarajevo.png|175px]] |Broj utakmica = 126 |Broj pobjeda ekipe 1 = 36 |Broj neriješenih rezultata = 52 |Broj pobjeda ekipe 2 = 38 |Broj datih golova ekipe 1 = 144 |Broj datih golova ekipe 2 = 143 }} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size: 80%" width=100% |- !colspan=15 width=100% align=center |Statistika svih zvaničnih utakmica FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar |- ! width=7.6% rowspan="2" | ! width=7.6% rowspan="2" | Utakmice ! width=15.2% colspan="2" | Pobjede ! width=7.6% rowspan="2" | Neriješeno ! width=15.2% colspan="2" | Golovi ! width=1.2% rowspan="9" | ! width=15.2% colspan="2" | Domaće pobjede ! width=15.2% colspan="2" | Domaće neriješene utakmice ! width=15.2% colspan="2" | Gostujuće pobjede |- ! width=7.6% style="background-color:#800000"| <span style="color:white;">Sarajevo ! width=7.6% style="background-color:#0000ff"| <span style="color:white;">Željezničar ! width=7.6% style="background-color:#800000"| <span style="color:white;">Sarajevo ! width=7.6% style="background-color:#0000ff"| <span style="color:white;">Željezničar ! width=7.6% style="background-color:#800000"| <span style="color:white;">Sarajevo ! width=7.6% style="background-color:#0000ff"| <span style="color:white;">Željezničar ! width=7.6% style="background-color:#800000"| <span style="color:white;">Sarajevo ! width=7.6% style="background-color:#0000ff"| <span style="color:white;">Željezničar ! width=7.6% style="background-color:#800000"| <span style="color:white;">Sarajevo ! width=7.6% style="background-color:#0000ff"| <span style="color:white;">Željezničar |- ! [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije|Prva liga SFRJ]] || 63 || 19 || 21 || 22 || 83 || 85 || 11 || 12 || 11 || 12 || 8 || 9 |- ! [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine|Premijer liga BiH]] || 63 || 17 || 17 || 29 || 61 || 57 || 10 || 11 || 16 || 12 || 7 || 6 |- ! [[Kup Jugoslavije u nogometu|Kup SFRJ]] || 2 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 5 || 6 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 |- ! Republ. kup BiH || 3 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 6 || 6 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 |- ! [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu|Kup BiH]] || 14 || 6 || 4 || 4 || 21 || 19 || 6 || 3 || 2 || 2 || 0 || 1 |- ! [[Superkup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu|Superkup]] || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 4 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- ! Ukupno || '''146''' || '''44''' || '''46''' || '''56''' || '''175''' || '''179''' || '''29''' || '''28''' || '''31''' || '''26''' || '''15'''|| '''17''' |- |colspan=15 width=100% align=right |''<small>Ažurirano: 10. maj 2022.</small><ref>[http://www.footballderbies.com/results/index.php?id=95 ''Derbi Sarajevo - Željezničar, footballderbies.com'']: pristupljeno: 10. 5. 2022.</ref>'' |- |} ===Titule=== {| class="wikitable sortable" width=45% style="width:auto; margin:auto;" |- !width=15%|[[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] !width=15%|Takmičenje !width=15%|[[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] |- |- style="text-align:center;" | 2 || [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije|Prva liga SFRJ]] || 1 |- style="text-align:center;" | 5 || [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine|Premijer liga BiH]] || 6 |- style="text-align:center;" | 7 || [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu|Kup BiH]] || 6 |- style="text-align:center;" | 1 || [[Superkup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu|Superkup]] || 3 |- style="text-align:center;" | '''15''' || || '''16''' |} ==Utakmice== {| style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; width: 22em;" |- |width=20px bgcolor=ffcccc| || Pobjeda [[FK Sarajevo]] |- |width=10px bgcolor=b9e8ff | || Pobjeda [[FK Željezničar Sarajevo|FK Željezničar]] |- |width=10px bgcolor=ccffcc | || Neriješen rezultat |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" width=70% |- |colspan=8 width=70% align=center |Spisak utakmica FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar u [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije|prvoj ligi Jugoslavije]] |- !width=2%|# !width=18%|Datum !width=10%|Sezona !width=10%|Lokacija !width=10%|Domaćin !width=5%|Rezultat !width=10%|Gost !width=5%|{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}} |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 1. |align=left | 10. oktobar 1954. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1954/55.|1954/55]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;6 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 2. |align=left | 17. april 1955. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1954/55.|1954/55]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;3 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 3. |align=left | 11. septembar 1955. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1955/56.|1955/56]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 4. |align=left | 18. mart 1956. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1955/56.|1955/56]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 5. |align=left | 23. novembar 1958. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1958/59.|1958/59]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 6. |align=left | 21. juni 1959. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1958/59.|1958/59]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 4&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 7. |align=left | 2. decembar 1962. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1962/63.|1962/63]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 8. |align=left | 2. juni 1963. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1962/63.|1962/63]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;3 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 9. |align=left | 1. septembar 1963. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1963/64.|1963/64]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 4&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 10. |align=left | 15. mart 1964. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1963/64.|1963/64]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 11. |align=left | 16. august 1964. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1964/65.|1964/65]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 3&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 12. |align=left | 7. mart 1965. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1964/65.|1964/65]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 13. |align=left | 12. septembar 1965. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1965/66.|1965/66]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 14. |align=left | 27. mart 1966. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1965/66.|1965/66]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 15. |align=left | 28. august 1966. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1966/67.|1966/67]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 16. |align=left | 12. mart 1967. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1966/67.|1966/67]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 17. |align=left | 10. decembar 1967. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1967/68.|1967/68]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 18. |align=left | 30. juni 1968. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1967/68.|1967/68]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 19. |align=left | 1. decembar 1968. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1968/69.|1968/69]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 20. |align=left | 29. juni 1969. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1968/69.|1968/69]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 21. |align=left | 7. septembar 1969. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1969/70.|1969/70]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 22. |align=left | 21. mart 1970. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1969/70.|1969/70]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 23. |align=left | 15. novembar 1970. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1970/71.|1970/71]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 24. |align=left | 6. juni 1971. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1970/71.|1970/71]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 25. |align=left | 3. oktobar 1971. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1971/72.|1971/72]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 26. |align=left | 3. maj 1972. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1971/72.|1971/72]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 27. |align=left | 26. novembar 1972. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1972/73.|1972/73]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 28. |align=left | 3. juni 1973. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1972/73.|1972/73]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;4 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 29. |align=left | 23. septembar 1973. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1973/74.|1973/74]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 30. |align=left | 31. mart 1974. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1973/74.|1973/74]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 31. |align=left | 22. septembar 1974. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1974/75.|1974/75]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 32. |align=left | 20. april 1975. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1974/75.|1974/75]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 33. |align=left | 8. oktobar 1975. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1975/76.|1975/76]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 34. |align=left | 9. maj 1976. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1975/76.|1975/76]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 35. |align=left | 12. septembar 1976. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1976/77.|1976/77]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 5&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 36. |align=left | 3. april 1977. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1976/77.|1976/77]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 3&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 37. |align=left | 13. august 1978. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1978/79.|1978/79]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 38. |align=left | 4. mart 1979. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1978/79.|1978/79]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 4&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 39. |align=left | 21. oktobar 1979. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1979/80.|1979/80]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 40. |align=left | 8. juni 1980. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1979/80.|1979/80]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;3 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 41. |align=left | 13. septembar 1980. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1980/81.|1980/81]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 42. |align=left | 29. mart 1981. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1980/81.|1980/81]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 43. |align=left | 23. august 1981. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1981/82.|1981/82]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 4&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 44. |align=left | 10. mart 1982. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1981/82.|1981/82]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 45. |align=left | 7. novembar 1982. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1982/83.|1982/83]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 46. |align=left | 5. juni 1983. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1982/83.|1982/83]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 47. |align=left | 4. septembar 1983. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1983/84.|1983/84]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 48. |align=left | 18. mart 1984. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1983/84.|1983/84]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 5&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 49. |align=left | 9. septembar 1984. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1984/85.|1984/85]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 50. |align=left | 17. mart 1985. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1984/85.|1984/85]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 51. |align=left | 2. novembar 1985. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1985/86.|1985/86]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 52. |align=left | 29. maj 1986. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1985/86.|1985/86]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 3&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 53. |align=left | 7. septembar 1986. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1986/87.|1986/87]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 4&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 54. |align=left | 22. mart 1987. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1986/87.|1986/87]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 55. |align=left | 9. august 1987. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1987/88.|1987/88]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 56. |align=left | 13. mart 1988. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1987/88.|1987/88]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 57. |align=left | 30. oktobar 1988. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1988/89.|1988/89]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 58. |align=left | 14. maj 1989. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1988/89.|1988/89]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 59. |align=left | 30. juli 1989. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1989/90.|1989/90]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;3 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 60. |align=left | 10. decembar 1989. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1989/90.|1989/90]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 61. |align=left | 5. august 1990. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1990/91.|1990/91]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 62. |align=left | 17. februar 1991. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1990/91.|1990/91]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 63. |align=left | 9. oktobar 1991. | [[Prva nogometna liga Jugoslavije 1991/92.|1991/92]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" width=70% |- |colspan=8 width=70% align=center |Spisak utakmica FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar u [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine|Premijer ligi]] [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosne i Hercegovine]] |- !width=2%|# !width=18%|Datum !width=10%|Sezona !width=10%|Lokacija !width=10%|Domaćin !width=5%|Rezultat !width=10%|Gost !width=5%|{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}} |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 1. |align=left | 14. septembar 1994. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1994/1995.|1994]]. | [[Stadion Bilino Polje|Bilino Polje]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1994-1995/150/utakmica/11748/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-1 (Sezona 1994/95), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104925/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1994-1995/150/utakmica/11748/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 2. |align=left | 15. novembar 1995. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1995/96.|1995/96]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 5&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1995-1996/51/utakmica/7247/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 5-0 (Sezona 1995/96), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104927/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1995-1996/51/utakmica/7247/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 3. |align=left | 2. maj 1996. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1995/96.|1995/96]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1995-1996/51/utakmica/7367/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-1 (Sezona 1995/96), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104928/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1995-1996/51/utakmica/7367/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 4. |align=left | 22. septembar 1996. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1996/97.|1996/97]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1996-1997/50/utakmica/7007/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-1 (Sezona 1996/97), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104930/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1996-1997/50/utakmica/7007/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 5. |align=left | 17. april 1997. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1996/97.|1996/97]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1996-1997/50/utakmica/7127/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 1-0 (Sezona 1996/97), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104932/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1996-1997/50/utakmica/7127/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 6. |align=left | 26. oktobar 1997. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1997/98.|1997/98]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1997-1998/49/utakmica/6800/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-2 (Sezona 1997/98), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122012906/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1997-1998/49/utakmica/6800/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=22 Januar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 7. |align=left | 3. maj 1998. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1997/98.|1997/98]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1997-1998/49/utakmica/6920/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 1-1 (Sezona 1997/98), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122002238/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1997-1998/49/utakmica/6920/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=22 Januar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 8. |align=left | 5. juni 1998. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1997/98.|1997/98]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1997-1998/49 ''Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1997/98, sportsport.ba'']; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 9. |align=left | 8. august 1998. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1998/99.|1998/99]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 3&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1998-1999/46/utakmica/6494/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 3-1 (Sezona 1998/99), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104940/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1998-1999/46/utakmica/6494/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 10. |align=left | 27. februar 1999. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1998/99.|1998/99]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1998-1999/46/utakmica/6614/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-2 (Sezona 1998/99), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104941/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1998-1999/46/utakmica/6614/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 11. |align=left | 9. oktobar 1999. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1999/00.|1999/00]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1999-2000/45/utakmica/6320/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 2-0 (Sezona 1999/00), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104943/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1999-2000/45/utakmica/6320/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 12. |align=left | 15. april 2000. | [[Prva nogometna liga Bosne i Hercegovine 1999/00.|1999/00]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 4&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1999-2000/45/utakmica/6440/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 4-1 (Sezona 1999/00), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104945/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-1999-2000/45/utakmica/6440/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 13. |align=left | 23. septembar 2000. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2000/01.|2000/01]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2000-2001/44/utakmica/5899/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-0 (Sezona 2000/01), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104946/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2000-2001/44/utakmica/5899/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 14. |align=left | 11. april 2001. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2000/01.|2000/01]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;3 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2000-2001/44/utakmica/6130/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 0-3 (Sezona 2000/01), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104948/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2000-2001/44/utakmica/6130/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 15. |align=left | 27. oktobar 2001. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2001/02.|2001/02]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2001-2002/43/utakmica/5641/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 2-2 (Sezona 2001/02), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104950/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2001-2002/43/utakmica/5641/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 16. |align=left | 4. maj 2002. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2001/02.|2001/02]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2001-2002/43/utakmica/5761/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-0 (Sezona 2001/02), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104952/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2001-2002/43/utakmica/5761/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 17. |align=left | 22. septembar 2002. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2002/03.|2002/03]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2002-2003/42/utakmica/5230/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-1 (Sezona 2002/03), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104953/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2002-2003/42/utakmica/5230/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 18. |align=left | 5. april 2003. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2002/03.|2002/03]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2002-2003/42/utakmica/5420/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 1-1 (Sezona 2002/03), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104956/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2002-2003/42/utakmica/5420/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 19. |align=left | 4. oktobar 2003. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2003/04.|2003/04]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2003-2004/41/utakmica/4993/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 1-1 (Sezona 2003/04), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104957/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2003-2004/41/utakmica/4993/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 20. |align=left | 24. april 2004. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2003/04.|2003/04]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2003-2004/41/utakmica/5113/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 2-1 (Sezona 2003/04), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104959/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2003-2004/41/utakmica/5113/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 21. |align=left | 30. oktobar 2004. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2004/05.|2004/05]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2004-2005/40/utakmica/4756/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 0-1 (Sezona 2004/05), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105001/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2004-2005/40/utakmica/4756/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 22. |align=left | 30. april 2005. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2004/05.|2004/05]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2004-2005/40/utakmica/4876/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-1 (Sezona 2004/05), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105004/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2004-2005/40/utakmica/4876/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 23. |align=left | 15. oktobar 2005. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2005/06.|2005/06]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2005-2006/39/utakmica/4505/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 0-0 (Sezona 2005/06), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105005/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2005-2006/39/utakmica/4505/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 24. |align=left | 5. april 2006. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2005/06.|2005/06]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2005-2006/39/utakmica/4625/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 0-1 (Sezona 2005/06), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105007/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2005-2006/39/utakmica/4625/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 25. |align=left | 30. septembar 2006. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2006/07.|2006/07]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2006-2007/36/utakmica/4018/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 0-1 (Sezona 2006/07), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105009/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2006-2007/36/utakmica/4018/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 26. |align=left | 14. april 2007. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2006/07.|2006/07]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2006-2007/36/utakmica/4138/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 2-1 (Sezona 2006/07), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105010/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2006-2007/36/utakmica/4138/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 27. |align=left | 6. oktobar 2007. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2007/08.|2007/08]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2007-2008/35/utakmica/3781/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 0-0 (Sezona 2007/08), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105012/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2007-2008/35/utakmica/3781/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 28. |align=left | 19. april 2008. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2007/08.|2007/08]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2007-2008/35/utakmica/3901/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 0-0 (Sezona 2007/08), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105015/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2007-2008/35/utakmica/3901/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 29. |align=left | 8. novembar 2008. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2008/09.|2008/09]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2008-2009/34/utakmica/3567/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 0-0 (Sezona 2008/09), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105017/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2008-2009/34/utakmica/3567/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 30. |align=left | 9. maj 2009. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2008/09.|2008/09]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2008-2009/34/utakmica/3687/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 2-0 (Sezona 2008/09), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105018/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2008-2009/34/utakmica/3687/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 31. |align=left | 7. novembar 2009. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2009/10.|2009/10]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2009-2010/1/utakmica/421/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-2 (Sezona 2009/10), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105022/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2009-2010/1/utakmica/421/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 32. |align=left | 15. maj 2010. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2009/10.|2009/10]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2009-2010/1/utakmica/2536/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 0-0 (Sezona 2009/10), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105020/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2009-2010/1/utakmica/2536/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 33. |align=left | 24. oktobar 2010. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2010/11.|2010/11]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2010-2011/185/utakmica/17048/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 0-0 (Sezona 2010/11), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105023/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2010-2011/185/utakmica/17048/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 34. |align=left | 7. maj 2011. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2010/11.|2010/11]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2010-2011/185/utakmica/17168/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 0-0 (Sezona 2010/11), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105025/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2010-2011/185/utakmica/17168/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 35. |align=left | 5. novembar 2011. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2011/12.|2011/12]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2011-2012/324/utakmica/32475/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-0 (Sezona 2011/12), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105027/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2011-2012/324/utakmica/32475/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 36. |align=left | 12. maj 2012. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2011/12.|2011/12]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2011-2012/324/utakmica/32595/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 2-2 (Sezona 2011/12), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105028/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2011-2012/324/utakmica/32595/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 37. |align=left | 3. novembar 2012. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2012/13.|2012/13]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2012-2013/487/utakmica/44913/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 1-0 (Sezona 2012/13), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105030/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2012-2013/487/utakmica/44913/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 38. |align=left | 8. maj 2013. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2012/13.|2012/13]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2012-2013/487/utakmica/45033/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 0-0 (Sezona 2012/13), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105031/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2012-2013/487/utakmica/45033/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 39. |align=left | 30. oktobar 2013. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2013/14.|2013/14]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2013-2014/637/utakmica/58767/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar ''FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar 0-0 (Sezona 2013/14), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105033/http://www.sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2013-2014/637/utakmica/58767/FK-Sarajevo-FK-Zeljeznicar |date=24 Septembar 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 40. |align=left | 4. maj 2014. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2013/14.|2013/14]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref name="Premijer liga BiH: Zrinjski novi šampion države, remi Željezničara i Sarajeva, klix.ba">[http://www.klix.ba/sport/nogomet/premijer-liga-bih-zrinjski-novi-sampion-drzave-remi-zeljeznicara-i-sarajeva/140504070 ''Premijer liga BiH: Zrinjski novi šampion države, remi Željezničara i Sarajeva, klix.ba'']; pristupljeno: 5. 5. 2014.</ref><ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2013-2014/637/utakmica/58884/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-1 (Sezona 2013/14), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808122344/http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2013-2014/637/utakmica/58884/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=8. 8. 2014 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 41. |align=left | 2. novembar 2014. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2014/15.|2014/15]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref name="Bordo tim slavio na Grbavici nakon pet godina, neredi navijača obilježili meč, klix.ba">[http://www.klix.ba/sport/nogomet/bordo-tim-slavio-na-grbavici-nakon-pet-godina-neredi-navijaca-obiljezili-mec/141102050 ''Bordo tim slavio na Grbavici nakon pet godina, neredi navijača obilježili meč, klix.ba'']; pristupljeno: 2. 11. 2014.</ref><ref>[http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2014-2015/777/utakmica/71004/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo ''FK Željezničar - FK Sarajevo 1-2 (Sezona 2014/15), sportsport.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419033119/http://sportsport.ba/tabela/Premijer-liga-BiH-2014-2015/777/utakmica/71004/FK-Zeljeznicar-FK-Sarajevo |date=19. 4. 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 42. |align=left | 16. maj 2015. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2014/15.|2014/15]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://www.oslobodjenje.ba/sport/nogomet/remi-bez-golova-u-derbiju-na-kosevu ''Remi bez golova u derbiju na Koševu: Sarajevo i Željezničar podijelili bodove, oslobodjenje.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518011654/http://www.oslobodjenje.ba/sport/nogomet/remi-bez-golova-u-derbiju-na-kosevu |date=18. 5. 2015 }}; pristupljeno: 16. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 43. |align=left | 4. oktobar 2015. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2015/16.|2015/16]]. |[[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nfsbih.ba/bih/utakmica.php?idUtakmice=178200&sub_menu=bh_tel |title= Izvještaj utakmice Željezničar - Sarajevo 1:0 (4. oktobar 2015) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=4. 10. 2015}}</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 44. |align=left | 24. april 2016. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2015/16.|2015/16]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nfsbih.ba/bih/utakmica.php?idUtakmice=178320&sub_menu=bh_tel |title= Izvještaj utakmice Sarajevo - Željezničar 0:1 (24. april 2016) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=29. 4. 2016}}</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 45. |align=left | 23. juli 2016. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2016/17.|2016/17]]. |[[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nfsbih.ba/bih/utakmica.php?idUtakmice=3927359&sub_menu=bh_tel |title= Izvještaj utakmice Željezničar - Sarajevo 1:1 (23. juli 2016) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=30. 8. 2016}}</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 46. |align=left | 16. oktobar 2016. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2016/17.|2016/17]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nfsbih.ba/bih/utakmica.php?idUtakmice=3927425&sub_menu=bh_tel |title= Izvještaj utakmice Sarajevo - Željezničar 0:0 (16. oktobar 2016) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=15. 4. 2017}}</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 47. |align=left | 15. april 2017. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2016/17.|2016/17]]. |[[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/4601480-fk-zeljeznicar-fk-sarajevo/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Željezničar - Sarajevo 0:0 (15. april 2017) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=16. 4. 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424093040/http://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/4601480-fk-zeljeznicar-fk-sarajevo/ |archive-date=24. 4. 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 48. |align=left | 20. maj 2017. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2016/17.|2016/17]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 49. |align=left | 19. august 2017. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2017/18.|2017/18]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 50. |align=left | 27. novembar 2017. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2017/18.|2017/18]]. |[[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 51. |align=left | 15. april 2018. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2017/18.|2017/18]]. |[[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/4601480-fk-zeljeznicar-fk-sarajevo/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Željezničar - Sarajevo 0:0 (15. april 2017) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=16. 4. 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424093040/http://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/4601480-fk-zeljeznicar-fk-sarajevo/ |archive-date=24. 4. 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |-style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 52. |align=left | 19. maj 2018. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2017/2018.|2017/18]]. |[[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |-style="background:#ccffcc;" | 53. |align=left | 15. august 2018. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2018/2019.|2018/19]]. |[[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/6353099-fk-zeljeznicar-fk-sarajevo/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Željezničar - Sarajevo 2:2 (15. august 2018) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=7. 4. 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407000439/https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/6353099-fk-zeljeznicar-fk-sarajevo/ |archive-date=7. 4. 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 54. |align=left | 3. novembar 2018. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2018/2019.|2018/19]]. |[[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/6353165-fk-sarajevo-fk-zeljeznicar/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Sarajevo - Željezničar 2:1 (3. novembar 2018) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=7. 4. 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407074049/https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/6353165-fk-sarajevo-fk-zeljeznicar/ |archive-date=7. 4. 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 55. |align=left | 6. april 2019. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2018/2019.|2018/19]]. |[[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;3 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/7252669-fk-zeljeznicar-fk-sarajevo/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Željezničar - Sarajevo 0:3 (6. april 2019) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=7. 4. 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407074051/https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/7252669-fk-zeljeznicar-fk-sarajevo/ |archive-date=7. 4. 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 56. |align=left | 31. august 2019. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2019/2020.|2019/20]]. |[[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 5&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/takmicenja/futsal/premijer-liga-bih?view=match&id=7857762:zeljeznicar-sarajevo |title=Izvještaj utakmice Željezničar - Sarajevo 5:2 (31. august 2019) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=31. 8. 2019 }}{{Mrtav link}}</ref> |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 57. |align=left | 30. novembar 2019. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2019/2020.|2019/20]]. |[[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;3 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/7857828-fk-sarajevo-fk-zeljeznicar/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Sarajevo - Željezničar 1:3 (30. novembar 2019) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=30. 11. 2019 }}{{Mrtav link}}</ref> |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 58. |align=left | 4. novembar 2020. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2020/2021.|2020/21]]. |[[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/takmicenja/nogomet-muskarci/m-tel-premijer-liga-bih/raspored-kola-m-tel-premijer-lige-bih?view=match&id=9332394:fk-sarajevo-fk-zeljeznicar |title=Izvještaj utakmice Sarajevo - Željezničar 1:1 (4. novembar 2020) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=4. 11. 2020 }}</ref> |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 59. |align=left | 1. mart 2021. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2020/2021.|2020/21]]. |[[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/9332660-fk-zeljeznicar-fk-sarajevo/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Željezničar - Sarajevo 0:0 (1. mart 2021) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=1. 3. 2021 }}</ref> |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 60. |align=left | 1. maj 2021. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2020/2021.|2020/21]]. |[[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 3&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/18402752-fk-sarajevo-fk-zeljeznicar/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Sarajevo - Željezničar 3:1 (1. maj 2021) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=1. 5. 2021 }}</ref> |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 61. |align=left | 22. septembar 2021. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2021/2022.|2021/22]]. |[[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/20874160-fk-sarajevo-fk-zeljeznicar/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Sarajevo - Željezničar 2:0 (22. septembar 2021) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=22. 9. 2021 }}</ref> |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 62. |align=left | 5. mart 2022. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2021/2022.|2021/22]]. |[[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/20874226-fk-zeljeznicar-fk-sarajevo/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Željezničar - Sarajevo 2:0 (5. mart 2022) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=5. 3. 2022 }}</ref> |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 63. |align=left | 10. maj 2022. | [[Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine 2021/2022.|2021/22]]. |[[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nfsbih.ba/stats/match/24421974-fk-sarajevo-fk-zeljeznicar/ |title=Izvještaj utakmice Sarajevo - Željezničar 1:1 (10.maj 2022) |work=nfsbih.ba |access-date=10. 5. 2022 }}</ref> |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" width=70% |- |colspan=8 width=70% align=center |Spisak utakmica FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar u [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu|kupu]] [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosne i Hercegovine]] |- !width=7%|# !width=15%|Datum !width=9%|Sezona !width=9%|Lokacija !width=10%|Domaćin !width=5%|Rezultat !width=10%|Gost !width=5%|{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}} |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 1/8 finala |align=left | 22. oktobar 1994. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 1994/1995.|1994/95]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 4&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | Finale |align=left | 31. maj 1997. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 1996/1997.|1996/97]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://www.rsssf.com/tablesb/bih97.html ''Bosnia-Hercegovina 1996/97, rsssf.com'']; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 1. polufinale |align=left | 5. maj 1999. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 1998/1999.|1998/99]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://www.rsssf.com/tablesb/bih99.html ''Bosnia-Hercegovina 1998/99, rsssf.com'']; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 2. polufinale |align=left | 12. maj 1999. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 1998/1999.|1998/99]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;0 <br /><small>(1&ndash;3 pen.)</small> |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | Finale |align=left | 15. juni 2001. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 2000/2001.|2000/01]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;3 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | Finale |align=left | 29. maj 2002. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 2001/2002.|2001/02]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 2&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://www.rsssf.com/tablesb/bih02.html ''Bosnia-Hercegovina 2001/02, rsssf.com'']; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 1. čevrtfinale |align=left | 9. novembar 2005. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 2005/2006.|2005/06]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref>[http://www.rsssf.com/tablesb/bih06.html ''Bosnia-Hercegovina 2005/06, rsssf.com'']; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 2. čevrtfinale |align=left | 16. novembar 2005. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 2005/2006.|2005/06]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 3&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 1. čevrtfinale |align=left | 8. novembar 2006. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 2006/2007.|2006/07]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://www.rsssf.com/tablesb/bihcup07.html ''Bosnia-Hercegovina Cup 2006/07, rsssf.com'']; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 2. čevrtfinale |align=left | 22. novembar 2006. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 2006/2007.|2006/07]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 3&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 1. čevrtfinale |align=left | 12. mart 2008. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 2007/2008.|2007/08]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 3&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref>[http://www.rsssf.com/tablesb/bihcup08.html ''Bosnia-Hercegovina Cup 2007/08, rsssf.com'']; pristupljeno: 15. 5. 2015.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 2. čevrtfinale |align=left | 19. mart 2008. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 2007/2008.|2007/08]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 4&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 1. čevrtfinale |align=left | 12. mart 2014. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 2013/2014.|2013/14]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;1 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | <ref name="Odluka pada na Koševu: Željo i Sarajevo odigrali bez pobjednika, avaz.ba">[http://www.avaz.ba/sport/fudbal/odluka-pada-na-kosevu-zeljo-i-sarajevo-odigrali-bez-pobjednika ''Odluka pada na Koševu: Željo i Sarajevo odigrali bez pobjednika, avaz.ba''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314152642/http://www.avaz.ba/sport/fudbal/odluka-pada-na-kosevu-zeljo-i-sarajevo-odigrali-bez-pobjednika |date=14. 3. 2014 }}; pristupljeno: 12. mart 2014.</ref> |- |- style="background:#ccffcc;" | 2. čevrtfinale |align=left | 26. mart 2014. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 2013/2014.|2013/14]]. | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 0&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | <ref name="Gol na Grbavici dovoljan Sarajevu za veliko slavlje, avaz.ba">[http://www.avaz.ba/sport/fudbal/gol-na-grbavici-dovoljan-sarajevu-za-veliko-slavlje ''Gol na Grbavici dovoljan Sarajevu za veliko slavlje, avaz.ba'']{{Mrtav link}}; pristupljeno: 26. mart 2014.</ref><ref name="Sarajevski derbi bez golova, Bordo tim u polufinalu Kupa BiH, klix.ba">[http://www.klix.ba/sport/nogomet/sarajevski-derbi-bez-golova-b-u-polufinalu-kupa-bih/140326125 ''Sarajevski derbi bez golova, Bordo tim u polufinalu Kupa BiH, klix.ba'']; pristupljeno: 26. mart 2014.</ref> |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" width=70% |- |colspan=8 width=70% align=center |Spisak utakmica FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar u [[Kup Jugoslavije u nogometu|kupu]] [[Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija|Jugoslavije]] |- !width=8%|# !width=14%|Datum !width=9%|Sezona !width=9%|Lokacija !width=10%|Domaćin !width=5%|Rezultat !width=10%|Gost !width=5%|{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}} |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 2. kolo |align=left | 12. august 1954. | [[Kup Jugoslavije u nogometu 1954.|1954]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 2&ndash;5 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 1/16 finala |align=left | 30. august 1978. | [[Kup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 1978/1979.|1978/79]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 4&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" width=70% |- |colspan=8 width=70% align=center |Spisak utakmica FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar u Republičkom kupu Bosne i Hercegovine |- !width=2%|# !width=18%|Datum !width=10%|Sezona !width=10%|Lokacija !width=10%|Domaćin !width=5%|Rezultat !width=10%|Gost !width=5%|{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}} |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | 1/4 finale |align=left | 3. novembar 1963. | 1963/1964 | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 3&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | 1/4 finale |align=left | 20. novembar 1968. | 1968/1969 | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | 1&ndash;3 |align=left | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | |- |- style="background:#ffcccc;" | Polufinale |align=left | 1969. | 1969/1970 | [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|Koševo]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 1&ndash;2 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" width=70% |- |colspan=8 width=70% align=center |Spisak utakmica FK Sarajevo - FK Željezničar u [[Superkup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu|superkupu]] [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosne i Hercegovine]] |- !width=2%|# !width=18%|Datum !width=10%|Sezona !width=10%|Lokacija !width=10%|Domaćin !width=5%|Rezultat !width=10%|Gost !width=5%|{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}} |- |- style="background:#b9e8ff;" | |align=left | 25. novembar 1998. | [[Superkup Bosne i Hercegovine u nogometu 1998.|1998]]. | [[Stadion Grbavica|Grbavica]] |align=right | [[FK Željezničar|Željezničar]] | 4&ndash;0 |align=left | [[FK Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | |- |} ==Rekordi== ''U rekordima su uključeni rezultati igranih u prvoj ligi Jugoslavije i Bosne i Hercegovine.'' ---- :'''Najveće pobjede (5+ golovi):''' {| class="wikitable" |- ! Razlika ! Rezultat ! Datum ! Takmičenje |- style="text-align:center;" | +5 | Željezničar 1-6 '''Sarajevo''' | 10. oktobar 1954. | Prva liga SFRJ |- |- style="text-align:center;" | +5 | '''Sarajevo''' 5-0 Željezničar | 12. septembar 1976. | Prva liga SFRJ |- |- style="text-align:center;" | +5 | '''Sarajevo''' 5-0 Željezničar | 2. septembar 1995. | Prva liga BiH |- |} :'''Najduži period pobjeda:''' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |- !Utakmica !Kub !Period |- |'''3'''||Željezničar||14. maj 1989. – 10. decembar 1989. |- |'''3'''||Sarajevo||5. april 2006. – 14. april 2007. |} :'''Najduži period neriješenih utakmica:''' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |- !Utakmica !Period |- |'''4'''||5. august 1990. – 31. maj 1995. |} :'''Najduži period bez neriješene utakmice:''' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |- !Utakmica !Period |- |'''7'''||5. juni 1998. – 11. april 2001. |} :'''Najduži neporaženi period:''' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |- !Utakmica !Klub !Period |- |'''11''' (6 pobjeda)||Sarajevo||2. juni 1963. – 30. juni 1968. |- |'''11''' (5 pobjeda)||Željezničar||23. septembar 2000. – 15. oktobar 2005. |- |'''10''' (3 pobjede)||Sarajevo||5. august 1990. – 4. april 1998. |- |'''8''' (3 pobjede)||Sarajevo||30. april 2005. – 8. novembar 2008. |- |'''7''' (3 pobjede)||Željezničar||14. maj 1989. – 31. maj 1995. |- |'''7''' (2 pobjede)||Sarajevo||12. maj 2012. – 16. maj 2015. |} :'''Najduži period bez primljenog gola:''' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |- !Utakmica !Klub !Period |- |'''4'''||Željezničar||6. oktobar 2007. – 9. maj 2009. |- |'''4'''||Željezničar||15. maj 2010. – 5. novembar 2011. |- |'''3'''||Sarajevo||27. mart 1966. – 12. mart 1967. |- |'''3'''||Sarajevo||15. oktobar 2005. – 30. septembar 2006. |- |'''3'''||Sarajevo||6. oktobar 2007. – 8. novembar 2008. |- |'''3'''||Sarajevo||15. maj 2010. – 7. maj 2011. |- |'''3'''||Sarajevo||3. novembar 2012. – 30. oktobar 2013. |} :'''Najduži period postizanja gola na utakmicama:''' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |- !Utakmica !Klub !Period |- |'''17'''||Željezničar||1. oktobar 1997. – 30. april 2005. |- |'''8'''||Sarajevo|| 13 august 1978. – 10. mart 1982. |- |'''8'''||Željezničar||4. mart 1979. – 7. novembar 1982. |} ===Pozicije FK Sarajevo i FK Željezničar u prvoj ligi Jugoslavije=== [[Datoteka:Pozicije FK Sarajevo i FK Željezničar u prvoj nogometnoj ligi Jugoslavije.svg|lijevo|Pozicije FK Sarajevo i FK Željezničar u prvoj ligi Jugoslavije (1947-1992)]]{{-}} ===Pozicije FK Sarajevo i FK Željezničar u prvoj ligi Bosne i Hercegovine=== [[Datoteka:Pozicije FK Sarajevo i FK Željezničar u prvoj nogometnoj ligi Bosne i Hercegovine.svg|lijevo|Pozicije FK Sarajevo i FK Željezničar u prvoj ligi Bosne i Hercegovine]]{{-}} ==Reference== {{Refspisak|2|height=200}} ==Vanjski linkovi== *[https://www.fcsarajevo.ba/ ''Zvanični sajt FK Sarajeva''] *[https://fkzeljeznicar.ba/ ''Zvanični sajt FK Željezničara''] {{FK Sarajevo}} {{Nogometna rivalstva}} {{Nogomet u BiH}} {{Premijer liga Bosne i Hercegovine}} {{Sarajevo}} [[Kategorija:Nogomet u Bosni i Hercegovini]] [[Kategorija:FK Sarajevo]] [[Kategorija:FK Željezničar Sarajevo]] [[Kategorija:Nogometna rivalstva]] [[Kategorija:Sport u Sarajevu]] [[Kategorija:Bosanskohercegovački nogometni derbiji]] 6gymxnis9lymgqi735q4eoubmh1j21e 0 268434 3426957 3382533 2022-08-01T20:55:58Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Očistiti jednostavne linkove}} {{Infokutija privreda | zemlja u genitivu = Brazila | slika = | širina-slike = | opis_slike = Itaim Bibi Finansijski distrikt, São Paulo, Brazil | valuta = [[Brazilski real]] (BRL, R$) | godina = kalendarska godina | organizacije = [[Unija Južnoameričkih nacija|Unasul]], [[Svjetska trgovinska organizacija|WTO]], [[Mercosur]], [[G-20]] i ostali | rang = [[Lista zemalja po BDP-u (nominalni)|sedmi]] | bdp = $2,503 biliona (2013.) (nominalni) <br> | rast = 0,9% (2012) | per capita = $12.789 (2013.) (nominalni)<br /> | sektori = [[poljoprivreda]]: 5,5%, [[industrija]]: 27,5%, [[usluge]]: 67% (2011.) | inflacija = 5,45% (oktobar 2012.) | siromaštvo = 8,5% (2011) | radna-snaga = 107,1 miliona (2012-) | prema-zanimanju = poljoprivreda: 20%, industrija: 14% i usluge: 66% (2003) | nezaposlenost = 4,6% (decembar 2012-) | industrija = [[tekstil]], [[obuća]], [[hemikalije]], [[cement]], [[drvo]], [[željezna ruda]], [[čelik]], [[avioni]], [[motorna vozila]] i [[dijelovi]], [[mašine]] i oprema | izvoz = $256 milijardi (2012) | izvozna dobra = [[transportna oprema]], [[željezna ruda]], [[soja]], [[obuća]], [[kahva]], automobili | izvozni partneri = {{ZID|Kina}} 17,0% <br> {{ZID|Sjedinjene Američke Države}} 10,8% <br> {{ZID|Argentina}} 7,5% (2012) | uvoz = $238,8 milijardi (2012) | uvozna dobra = mašine, [[električna]] i [[transportna]] oprema, [[hemikalije]], [[gorivo]], [[automobilski dijelovi]], [[elektronika]] | uvozni partneri = {{ZID|Sjedinjene Američke Države}} 15,1% <br> {{ZID|Kina}} 14,5% <br> {{ZID|Argentina}} 7,5% <br> {{ZID|Njemačka}} 6,7% <br> {{ZID|Južna Koreja}} 4,5% (2011) | dug = '''bruto vanjski dug''': $397,5 milijardi (2011.)<br>'''javni dug''': 54,9% od BDP-a (2012.) | prihodi = $911,4 milijardi (procjena 2012.) | rashodi = $846,6 milijardi (procjena 2012.) | pomoć = | cianame = br }} '''Privreda Brazila''' je šesta u svijetu po nominalnom [[BDP]]-u. [[Brazil]] ima umjereno slobodno tržište i sa orijentacijom na unutrašnju ekonomiju. Njihova privreda je najveća po veličini u zemljama [[Latinska Amerika|Latinske Amerike]], a druga po veličini u zapadnoj hemisferi.<ref>[http://blogs.forbes.com/kerenblankfeld/2010/12/13/is-brazils-economy-getting-too-hot/ Is Brazil’s Economy Getting Too Hot?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101216032640/http://blogs.forbes.com/kerenblankfeld/2010/12/13/is-brazils-economy-getting-too-hot/ |date=16. 12. 2010 }} Forbes, pristupljeno dana 24.10.2011</ref> Brazil je jedna od najbrže rastućih svjetskih privreda u svijetu, s prosječnom godišnjom stopom rasta BDP-a od preko 5 posto. BDP je procijenjen na 2,223 triliona američkih dolara. Za brazilsku privredu se predviđa da postane jedna od pet najvećih ekonomija svijeta u desetljećima koja dolaze.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090611224820/http://www.chicagobooth.edu/alumni/clubs/pakistan/docs/next11dream-march%20%2707-goldmansachs.pdf Global Economics Paper No: 153] Goldman Sachs. pristupljeno 24.10.2011</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2011/jan/07/gdp-projections-china-us-uk-brazil#zoomed-picture | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Larry | last=Elliott | title=GDP projections from PwC: how China, India and Brazil will overtake the West by 2050 | date=6. 1. 2011}}</ref> [[Nacionalna razvojna banka]] BNDES također igra važnu ulogu u ekonomskom razvitku zemlje. Ova nezavisna institucija posebno ulaže u velike domaće firme i pokušava da djeluje u skladu sa zaštitom okoline i društvenim standardom. Ipak postoje rasprave o ulozi banke i investicijske strategije.<ref>Fernando J. Cardim de Carvalho (januar 2013). "[http://www.dandc.eu/en/article/brazils-state-owned-development-bank-bndes-probably-more-powerful-many-countrys-federal Relative insulation]". D+C Development and Cooperation/ dandc.eu</ref> Brazil je član različitih ekonomskih organizacija, kao što su [[Mercosur]], [[Unasul]], [[G8+5]], [[G20]], [[WTO]]-a, i [[Cairns Grupa|Cairns Grupe]]. Trgovinski partneri Brazila broje se u stotinama, sa 60 posto [[izvoz]]a, uglavnom gotovih proizvoda ili poluproizvoda.<ref name="vlada">"[http://www.brasil.gov.br/ingles/about_brazil/ About Brazil] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20070615145847/http://www.brasil.gov.br/ingles/about_brazil/ |date=15. 6. 2007 }}", vlada Brazila, pristupljeno 24.10.2011</ref> Glavni brazilski trgovinski partneri u [[2008]]. bili su: Mercosul i Latinska America (25,9 posto trgovine), [[Evropska unija]] (23,4 posto), [[Azija]] (18,9 posto), SAD (14,0 posto), i ostali (17,8 posto).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090620113314/http://www.desenvolvimento.gov.br/arquivos/dwnl_1236176881.pdf Trgovinski bilans Brazila], 2008, Ministério do Desenvolvimento, pristupljeno 24.10.2011, {{Simboli jezika|pt|portugalski}}</ref> Prema [[Svjetski ekonomski forum|Svjetskom ekonomskom forumu]], Brazil je bio vrhunska zemlja sa uzlaznom evolucijom konkurentnosti u [[2009]], tako dobivajući osmu poziciju među ostalim zemljama, prestizući [[Rusija|Rusiju]] po prvi put, i djelomično zatvarajući jaz konkurentnosti sa [[Indija|Indijom]] i [[Kina|Kinom]] koje se nalaze među BRIC ekonomijama. Značajni koraci koji su bili poduzeti 1990-ih prema fiskalnoj održivosti, kao i mjere poduzete kako bi se liberalizirala i otvorila privreda, znatno su povećali osnove konkurentnosti zemlje, pružajući bolje okruženje za razvoj privatnog sektora.<ref name="globalcop">[http://www.weforum.org/pdf/GCR09/Report/Part/Chapter%201.1_The%20Global%20Competitiveness%20Index%202009-2010.pdf Global Competitiveness Report]{{Mrtav link|datum=Oktobar 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }} 2009-2010 World Economic Forum.</ref> Kao vlasnik sofisticiranog tehnološkog sektora, Brazil razvija projekte koji se kreću od gradnje [[podmornica]] do [[avion]]a, a također su uključeni u istraživanje [[svemir]]a: zemlja posjeduje centar za lansiranje [[satelit]]a i bio je jedina zemlja u južnoj hemisferi koja je integrirala tim odgovoran za izgradnju [[Međunarodna svemirska stanica|Međunarodne svemirske stanice]] (ISS).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.earthkam.ucsd.edu/public/iss/Countries.shtml |title=Countries Participating in the ISS |access-date=14. 4. 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090919170436/http://www.earthkam.ucsd.edu/public/iss/Countries.shtml |archive-date=19. 9. 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Brazil je također pionir u mnogim područjima, uključujući i proizvodnju [[etanol]]a. Brazil, zajedno sa [[Meksiko]]m, bio je na čelu fenomena multinacionalnih firmi Latinske Amerike po kojem su se, zahvaljujući superiornoj tehnologiji i organizaciji, lokalne firme uspješno pretvorile u globalne. Ove multinacionalne kompanije su napravile taj prijelaz zahvaljujući najviše masivnim ulaganjem u inostranstvu, u regiji i izvan nje, a tako ostvarili veći dio svojih prihoda u inostranstvu.<ref name="globalcop" /> Brazil je također pionir u području istraživanja podmorskih bušotina nafte iz kojih je izvađeno 73 posto njihovih rezervi. Prema vladinim [[statistika]]ma, Brazil je prvi kapitalistička zemlja koja je u unutrašnjosti svoje nacionalne teritorije okupila deset najvećih firmi za proizvodnju [[automobil]]a.<ref name="vlada" /> Godišnji Brazilski investicioni samit održava se u [[São Paulo|Sao Paulu]], te je najveće okupljanje međunarodnih investicijskih stručnjaka koji pokrivaju mogućnosti u alternativnim vozilima, infrastrukturi i naprednoj strategiji trgovanja. Tokom mandata predsjednika [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva|Luiza Inacija Lula da Silve]] brazilska vlada je preduzela mjere da se smanji siromaštvo i poveća ekonomski rast sa širim društvenim reformama čime je život ljudi općenito poboljšan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wlu.edu/documents/shepherd/academics/cap_09_Brown.pdf |title=Arhivirana kopija |access-date=14. 4. 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100604015240/http://www.wlu.edu/documents/shepherd/academics/cap_09_Brown.pdf |archive-date=4. 6. 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ids-uva.nl/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/10_Amann.pdf |title=Arhivirana kopija |access-date=14. 4. 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709065019/http://www.ids-uva.nl/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/10_Amann.pdf |archive-date=9. 7. 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2012/09/brazil-restoring-economic-growth-through-economic-freedom</ref><ref>http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/d/luiz_inacio_lula_da_silva/index.html</ref> S još uvijek visokim nivoom nejednakosti dohotka u društvenoj raspodjeli bogatstva, iako je smanjen u posljednjih nekoliko godina, brazilska privreda postala je jedna od glavnih privreda svijeta. BM & F Bovespa, indeks brazilske [[Berza|berze]] dostigao je 60.959 bodova 26. decembra [[2012]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bmfbovespa.com.br/en-us/home.aspx?idioma=en-us |title=Bovespa |access-date=14. 4. 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100424220014/http://www.bmfbovespa.com.br/en-us/home.aspx?idioma=en-us |archive-date=24. 4. 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Prema [[Forbes]]u 2011, Brazil je osmi u svijetu po broju broju [[milijarder]]a, broj koji je mnogo veći od onoga što se može naći u drugim latinoameričkim zemljama, pa čak i ispred [[Japan]]a.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.forbes.com/2010/03/10/worlds-richest-people-slim-gates-buffett-billionaires-2010_land.html | work=Forbes | first=Luisa | last=Kroll | title=The World's Billionaires | date=10. 3. 2010}}</ref> Do kraja 2011, brazilska ekonomija postala šesta svjetska ekonomija po veličini.<ref>Prema CEBR; vidi [http://www.forbes.com/sites/andersonantunes/2011/12/26/brazil-overtakes-britain-to-become-worlds-sixth-largest-economy forbes.com]</ref> == Historija == Kad su [[portugal]]ski istraživači stigli u [[15. vijek]]u, bilo je ukupno 2,5 miliona domorodaca koji su živjeli u indijanskim plemenima, čiji je život bio skoro nepromijenjen još od [[Kameno doba|kamenog doba]]. Od portugalske kolonizacije Brazila (1500-1822) pa sve do kasnih 1930ih, tržišni elementi brazilske ekonomije oslanjali su se na proizvodnju osnovnih proizvoda za izvoz. U okviru portugalskog carstva, Brazil je bio kolonija podvrgnuta carskoj merkantilnoj politici, koja je imala tri glavne ekonomske proizvodne cikluse velikih razmjera - [[šećer]], [[zlato]] i, od početka [[19. vijek]]a, [[kahva]]. Sve do kraja 19. vijeka privreda Brazila je bila jako zavisna od rada afričkih [[rob]]ova (ukupan broj njih oko 3 miliona). U tom periodu Brazil je također bio kolonija s najvećim brojem evropskih doseljenika (većina njih su bili etnički Portugalci, ali i Holanđani, Azorci, Madeirani, Španci, Englezi, Francuzi, Nijemci, Flamanci, Danci, škotske izbjeglice i sefardski [[židov]]i). Od tada pa sve do [[1930]]., Brazil doživljava period snažnog privrednog i demografskog rasta što je pratilo masovno useljavanje iz Evrope (uglavnom iz Portugala, Italije, Azora, Španije, Njemačke, Poljske, Ukrajine, Švicarske, Madeire, Austrije i Rusije. Ali, također iz Holandije, Francuske, Finske, Islanda i skandinavskih zemalja, te Litvanije, Belgije, Bugarske, Mađarske, Grčke, Latvije, Engleske, Irske, Škotske, Hrvatske, Češke, Malte, Makedonije i [[Luksemburg]]a), [[Bliski Istok]] (uglavnom iz [[Liban]]a, Sirije i Armenije), [[Japan]], vrlo malo iz Sjedinjenih Američkih Država, te neki [[afrikaner]]i iz Južne Afrike) do [[1930]]. U Novom svijetu, Sjedinjene Američke Države, [[Argentina]], Brazil, Kanada, [[Australija]], [[Urugvaj]], [[Novi Zeland]], [[Čile]], [[Meksiko]], [[Kuba]], [[Venezuela]], [[Paragvaj]], [[Peru]], [[Portoriko]] bili su zemlje koje su primile najviše imigranata. U brazilskom slučaju, statistike pokazuju da je 4,5 miliona ljudi emigriralo u zemlju između [[1882]]. i [[1934]]. Trenutno, s populacijom od preko 190 miliona i bogatim prirodnim resursima, Brazil je jedno od deset najvećih tržišta u svijetu, proizvodeći desetine miliona tona [[čelik]]a, 26 miliona tona cementa, 3,5 miliona [[televizor]]a, a 3 miliona [[frižider]]a. Osim toga, oko 70 miliona kubnih metara [[nafta|nafte]] godišnje se prerađuje u goriva, maziva, [[propan]], kao i stotine ostalih vrsta petrohemikalija. Nadalje, Brazil ima najmanje 161.500&nbsp;km [[asfalt]]iranih cesta i više od 93 [[gigavat]]a instaliranih elektroenergetskih kapaciteta. Njihov stvarni BDP po stanovniku nadmašio je [[2008.]] 10.500 američkih dolara, zahvaljujući snažnom i neprestanom jačanju reala po prvi put u ovom desetljeću. Industrijski sektor doprinosi sa tri petine ukupnoj ekonomiji latinoameričke industrijske proizvodnje.<ref name="vlada" /> Tvrdi se da je naučni i tehnološki razvoj zemlje atraktivan za direktna strana ulaganja, što je iznosilo u prosjeku 30 milijardi američkih dolara godišnje, u poređenju sa samo 2 milijarde američkih dolara godišnje tokom posljednjeg desetljeća,<ref name="vlada" /> čime se pokazuje znatan rast. Poljoprivredni sektor, lokalno nazivan ''agronegócio'' (agrobiznis), također je bio izuzetno dinamičan: tokom dva desetljeća ovaj sektor je držao Brazil među najproduktivnijim zemljama u područjima koja se odnose na ruralni sektor<ref name="vlada" /> Poljoprivredni sektor i sektor rudarstva također su doprinijeli trgovinskom [[suficit]]u što je omogućilo visoku vrijednost valute (skok) i otplatu vanjskog duga. Zbog krize u zapadnim privredama [[2010]]. Brazil je pokušavao zaustaviti rast reala.<ref>[http://www.soundsandcolours.com/articles/brazil/brazils-currency-wars-a-real-problem/ Brazil's Currency Wars - A "Real" Problem] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728223809/http://www.soundsandcolours.com/articles/brazil/brazils-currency-wars-a-real-problem/ |date=28. 7. 2014 }} Sounds and Colours</ref> Prema podacima Azijske razvojne banke i Mreže za pravično oporezivanje pokazuje neoporezovanu "ekonomiju u sjeni" sa ukupnim iznosom od 39% BDP-a Brazila.<ref>http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-04-05/the-secret-strength-of-pakistans-economy</ref> == Komponente == Uslužni sektor je najveća komponenta BDP-a sa 67,0 posto, a slijedi sektor industrije sa 27,5 posto. Poljoprivreda predstavlja 5,5 posto BDP-a (2011). Brazilska radna snaga koja je procijenjena da broji 100,77 miliona od čega je 10 posto zaposleno u poljoprivredi, 19 posto u sektoru industrije, a 71 posto je u sektoru usluga. == Poljoprivreda i proizvodnja hrane == [[Datoteka:Brazil Export Treemap.jpg|thumb|left|Grafički prikaz izvoza]] {| style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em;" |- !align="center" bgcolor="lightblue" colspan="3"|Poljoprivredna proizvodnja |- |- | colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | [[Datoteka:Agriculture in Brazil.PNG|200px]] |- | colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | ''Kombajn na plantaži'' |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"| Glavni proizvodi | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| [[Kahva]], [[soja]], žitarice, [[riža]], [[kukuruz]], [[šećerna trska]], [[kakao]], [[limun]], govedina |- !align="left" valign="top"|Poljoprivredni rast |valign="top"| 9,2% (2008) |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"| Radna snaga | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| 15% od ukupne radne snage |- !align="left" valign="top"|BDP sektora |valign="top"| 3,5% od ukupnog BDP-a |- | align="center" bgcolor="lightblue" colspan="2"| |} Poljoprivredna proizvodnja postavlja agrobiznis na važnu poziciju u okviru brazilskog trgovinskog bilansa, usprkos trgovinskih barijera i politikom subvencioniranja razvijenih zemalja.<ref name="agicultura">[http://www.brasil.gov.br/ingles/about_brazil/brasil_topics/ Agriculture] Vlada Brazila</ref> U periodu od pedeset pet godina (1950-2005), stanovništvo Brazila poraslo je sa 51 miliona na oko 187 miliona stanovnika,<ref>[http://www.ibge.gov.br/english/disseminacao/online/popclock/popclock.php Popclock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070430010335/http://www.ibge.gov.br/english/disseminacao/online/popclock/popclock.php |date=30. 4. 2007 }} IBGE</ref> što je porast za više od 2 posto godišnje. Kako bi podmirili potražnju, bilo je potrebno da se aktivnosti oko uzgoja stoke i usjeva podignu na veću razinu. Od tada, originalna zelena revolucija je započela, što je omogućilo stvaranje i širenje složenog sektora agrobiznisa.<ref name="agicultura"/> Ipak, sve je to na štetu okoliša, uključujući i [[Amazon]]. Važnost posvećena ruralnom proizvođaču manifestuje se planiranjem poljoprivrede i stočarstva kao i preko drugih specifičnih programa usmjerenih prema porodičnoj poljoprivredi (Pronaf), koji garantiraju finansiranje opreme i uzgoj te ohrabruju korištenje novih tehnologija, što im je omogućilo korištenje označenog poljoprivrednog zemljišta. S obzirom na porodičnu poljoprivredu, više od 800 hiljada seoskih stanovnika pomognuti su sa kreditima, istraživačkim i proširenim programima. Posebna kreditna linija za žene i mlade poljoprivrednike je inovacija vrijedna spomena, što daje podstrek poduzetničkom duhu.<ref name="agicultura" /> Sa programom zemljišne reforme, s druge strane, cilj je osigurati prikladan život i radne uslove za više od milion porodica koje žive u područjima dodijeljenim od strane države, inicijative koja je kreirala dva miliona radnih mjesta. Kroz partnerstvo, javnu politiku i međunarodno partnerstvo, Vlada radi garantira infrastrukturu za naselja, slijedeći primjere škola i zdravstvenih ustanova. Ideja je da pristup zemljištu predstavlja samo prvi korak u sprovodenju reforme programa kvalitetnog zemljišta.<ref name="agicultura" /> Više od 600.000&nbsp;km² zemljišta podijeljeno je u oko pet hiljada područja seoskih imanja; poljoprivredno područje trenutno ima tri granice: centralno - zapadna regija (savane), sjeverna regija (područje tranzicije) i dijelovi na sjeveroistoku regije (polupustinje). Najuzgajanija žitarica, od ukupne proizvodnje sa više od 110 miliona tona za jednu godinu, je soja, na koju se odnosi 50 miliona tona.<ref name="agicultura" /> U sektoru stočarstva uzgoja goveda, "zeleni vol", koji odrasta na pašnjacima, koji se hrani sijenom i mineralnim solima, osvojio je tržišta u Aziji, Evropi i Americi, posebno u periodu "bolesti ludih krava". Brazil ima najveća stada goveda na svijetu, sa 198 miliona grla,<ref>[http://www.brasil.gov.br/ingles/about_brazil/indicators/ Indicators] Vlada Brazila</ref> što omogućuje izvoz koji nadmašuje 1 milijardu američkih dolara godišnje.<ref name="agicultura" /> A pionir i lider u proizvodnji vlakana drvene celuloze, Brazil je također postigao pozitivne rezultate u sektoru ambalaže, u kojem je peti najveći proizvođač na svijetu. Na stranim tržištima, doprinosi sa 25 posto globalnog izvoza sirove trske i rafiniranog šećera; svjetski je lider u izvozu soje i snabdjeva planetu sa 80 posto soka od narandže, a od 2003. ima najveće prodajne rezultate vezane za govedinu i piletinu, među svim zemljama koje se bave izvozom u ovom sektoru.<ref name="agicultura" /> == Industrija == {| style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em;" |- !align="center" bgcolor="lightblue" colspan="3"|Industrijska proizvodnja |- |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | [[Datoteka:Air.france.erj145.750pix.jpg|200px]] |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | ''Avion Embraer RJ 145 proizvod firme [[Embraer]]'' |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"| Glavne industrije | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| Automobilska industrija, petrohemikalije, mašinstvo, elektronska industrija, cement i građevinarstvo, avio-industrija, tekstil, prehrambena industrija, rudarstvo, trajna potrošna dobra, turizam |- !align="left" valign="top"|Industrijski rast |valign="top"| 8,8% (2008. procj.) |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"|Radna snaga | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| 21% od ukupne radne snage |- !align="left" valign="top"|BDP sektora |valign="top"| 29,7% od ukupnog BDP-a. |- | align="center" bgcolor="lightblue" colspan="2"| |} Brazil ima drugi najveći industrijski sektor na američkom kontinentu. Sa doprinosom od 28,5 posto BDP-a, brazilska raznolika industrija je u rasponu od automobila, čelika i petrohemikalija, računara, aviona i trajnih potrošačkih dobara. Uz povećanu ekonomsku stabilnost koju omogućuje Plano Real, brazilske i multinacionalne firme jako mnogo ulažu u novu opremu i tehnologiju, od kojih je veliki dio kupljen od firmi iz SAD-a. Brazil također ima raznoliku i sofisticiranu industriju usluga. Tokom ranih 1990ih godina, bankarski sektor sačinjavao je čak 16 posto BDP-a. Iako prolazi kroz veliku reorganizaciju, industrija finansijskih usluga u Brazilu pruža lokalnom biznisu široki spektar proizvoda i privlači brojne nove učesnike, uključujući i finansijske firme iz SAD-a. 8. maja 2008, berza u São Paulu (Bovespa) i brazilski ''Mercantile and Futures Exchange'' baziran u São Paulu (BM & F) udružuju se, stvarajući BM & FBOVESPA, jednu od najvećih berzi u svijetu. Također, sektor nekoć monopolističkog reosiguranja otvara se prema drugim kompanijama.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Governo quebra monopólio de resseguros, mas descarta privatização|url=http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/dinheiro/ult91u113719.shtml|access-date=1. 11. 2017|language=pt|date=15. 1. 2007}}</ref> Zaključno sa 31. decembrom 2007. bilo je, kako se procjenjuje 21.304.000 broadband linija u Brazilu. Preko 75 posto broadband linija su putem DSL-a i 10 posto preko kablovskog modema. Pronađeni mineralni resursi su ogromni. Velike rezerve [[željezo|željeza]] i [[mangan]]a su važni izvori industrijskih sirovina i zarade na izvozu. Depoziti [[nikl]]a, [[kalaj]]a, [[hrom]]a, [[uranij]]a, [[boksit]]a, [[berilij]]a, [[bakar|bakra]], [[olovo|olova]], [[volfram]]a, [[cink]]a, [[zlato|zlata]] i drugih [[mineral]]a se eksploatiraju. Visokokvalitetni [[ugalj]] potreban u industriji čelika je deficitaran. == Najveće kompanije == == Energija == Brazilska vlada je poduzela ambiciozan program za smanjenje ovisnosti o uvozu nafte. Uvoz je ranije sačinjavao više od 70 % potreba nafte u zemlji, ali u periodu 2006-2007. Brazil je postao nezavisan od nafte. Brazil je jedan od vodećih svjetskih proizvođača struje iz hidroelektrana, s trenutnim kapacitetom od oko 260.000 megavata. Postojeće hidroelektrane osiguravaju 90 posto električne energije cijeloj naciji. Dvije velike hidroelektrane, 19.900 megavata Itaipu brana na rijeci Paraná (najveća brana na svijetu ) i Tucurui brana u Parái u sjevernom Brazilu, su u funkciji. Brazilski prvi komercijalni nuklearni reaktor, Angra I, koja se nalazi u blizini Rio de Janeira, je u funkciji već više od 10 godina. Angra II je završena 2002. i također je puštena u rad. Angra III je svoje otvaranje zakazao za 2018.<ref name="Eletronuclear">[http://www.eletronuclear.gov.br/Not%C3%ADcias/NoticiaDetalhes.aspx?NoticiaID=1446 "Eletronuclear - Obras civis de Angra 3 voltarão ao ritmo normal"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916193245/http://www.eletronuclear.gov.br/Not%C3%ADcias/NoticiaDetalhes.aspx?NoticiaID=1446 |date=16. 9. 2014 }}, {{Simboli jezika|pt|portugalski}}</ref> Tri reaktora bi trebala imati kombinovani kapacitet od 9.000 megavata kada budu završena. Vlada također planira izgraditi više 19 nuklearnih elektrana do 2020. == Ekonomski rast == {| style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em;" |- !align="center" bgcolor="lightblue" colspan="2"|Statistika |- !align="center" bgcolor="lightblue" colspan="2"|Inflacija (IPCA) |- !align="left" valign="top"|2002. |valign="top"| 12,53% |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"|2003. | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| 9.30% |- !align="left" valign="top"|2004. |valign="top"|7,60% |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"|2005. | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| 5,69% |- !align="left" valign="top"|2006. |valign="top"| 3,14% |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"|2007. | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| 4,46% |- !align="left" valign="top"|2008. |valign="top"| 5,91% |- !align="center" valign="top" colspan="2"|<small>izvor:<ref>[http://www.ipeadata.gov.br/ Inflation] Ipea</ref></small> |- !align="center" bgcolor="lightblue" colspan="2"|Formiranje bruto fiksnog kapitala (% BDP-a) |- !align="left" valign="top"|2001. |valign="top"| 19,47% |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"|2002. | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| 18,32% |- !align="left" valign="top"|2003. |valign="top"|17,78% |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"|2004. | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| 19.58% |- !align="left" valign="top"|2005. |valign="top"| 19,99% |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="center" valign="top" colspan="2"|<small>Izvor:<ref>[http://www.ipib.com.br/pibbrasil/valor.asp Gross Fixed Capital Formation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830040408/http://www.ipib.com.br/pibbrasil/valor.asp |date=30. 8. 2009 }} iPib</ref></small> |- !align="center" bgcolor="lightblue" colspan="2"|Prosječna stopa rasta BDP-a 1950-2008. |- !align="left" valign="top"|1950-59. |valign="top"| 7,1% |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"|1960-69. | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| 6,1% |- !align="left" valign="top"|1970-79. |valign="top"| 8,9% |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"|1980-89. | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| 3,0% |- !align="left" valign="top"|1990-99. |valign="top"| 1,7% |- ! style="background:#f0f0f0;" align="left" valign="top"|2000-08. | style="background:#f0f0f0;" valign="top"| 3,7% |- !align="center" valign="top" colspan="2"|<small>izvor:<ref>[http://www.ipeadata.gov.br/ Average Exchange Rate] Ipea</ref></small> |- |} === Održivi rast === Nakon dolaska portugalskih istraživača 1500, tek je 1808. Brazil dobio dozvolu od portugalskih kolonijalnih vlasti da osnuje svoje prve tvornice i proizvodnju. U 21. stoljeću, Brazil je dostigao status osme najveće ekonomije na svijetu. Prvobitno, izvozna lista se sastojala od osnovnih sirovina i robe, kao što su šećer, guma i zlato. Danas, 84 posto izvoza sastoji se od gotovih i polugotovih proizvoda. Period velike ekonomske transformacije i rasta desio se između 1875. i 1975. godine. U posljednjih deset godina, domaća proizvodnja je povećana za 32,3 posto i agrobiznisa (poljoprivreda i stočarstvo), koji je porastao za 47 posto ili 3,6 posto godišnje; najdinamičniji je sektor, čak i nakon međunarodnih kriza koje su zahtijevale stalno prilagođavanje brazilskoj ekonomiji. Brazilska vlada je pokrenula program za ubrzanje ekonomskog razvoja pod nazivom ''Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento'', sa ciljem da se podstakne rast. Brazil je 79. na listi po transparentnosti prema Transparency International za 2016. godinu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Corruption perceptions index 2016 |url=https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2016|language=en|access-date=1. 11. 2017}}</ref> === Kontrola i reforme === Među mjerama koje su nedavno usvojene kako bi se uravnotežila ekonomija, Brazil sprovodi reforme socijalne sigurnosti (državne i privatne penzije) i poreznog sistema. Ove promjene su sa sobom donijele I dodatne reforme: zakon o fiskalnoj odgovornosti koji kontrolira javnu potrošnju od strane izvršne vlasti na federalnom, državnom i općinskom nivou. Istovremeno, investiralo se u efikasnost uprave i uslovi su stvoreni za podsticanje izvoza, industrije i trgovine, čime se otvaraju "prozori mogućnosti" za lokalne i međunarodne investitore i proizvođače. Sa uvođenjem ovih promjena, Brazil je smanjio svoju ranjivost: ne uvozi gorivo za svoju potrošnju; prepolovljen je domaći dug kroz certifikate koji imaju tečajnu vrijednost; izvoz raste, u prosjeku, za 20 % godišnje. Tečaj ne utiče na industrijski sektor ili inflaciju (4 % godišnje), I imun je na mogućnost krize likvidnosti. Kao rezultat toga, zemlja je nakon 12 godina, ostvarila pozitivan saldo na računima koji mjere izvoz/uvoz, plus kamate, usluge i inostrana plaćanja. Stoga, poznati ekonomisti kažu da zemlja neće biti duboko pogođena eventualnim svjetskim ekonomskim krizama.{{izvor}} === Dosljedna politika === Podrška za proizvodni sektor je pojednostavljena na svim nivoima; aktivni i nezavisni, parlament i pravosuđe vrše procjenu pravila i propisa. Među glavnim mjerema za stimulisanje privrede su smanjenje poreza do 30 posto na industrijske proizvode (IPI), i investicije u visini od 8 milijardi dolara u autoprevozničke firme, čime se poboljšava distribucija logistike. Zakonom za industriju, tehnologiju i vanjsku trgovinu, ulaže se 19,5 milijardi američkih dolara u softver i poluvodiče, farmaceutske i medicinske proizvode, i sektorima kapitalnih dobara.{{izvor}} === Udruživanja i kupovine === Između 1993. i 2010, najavljeno je 7.012 udruživanja i kupovina ukupne vrijednosti 707 milijardi dolara uz učešće brazilskih firmi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://imaa-institute.org/mergers-and-acquisitions-statistics/#MergersAcquisitions_Brazil|title=Mergers and Acquisitions: Brazil|publisher=Institute of Mergers, Acquisitions and Alliances|language=en}}</ref> Godine 2010. desio se novi rekord u transakcijama u vrijednosti od 115 milijardi dolara. Najveća transakcija uz učešće brazilskih kompanija je bila tender ponuda za Cia Vale do Rio Doce u vrijednosti od 18,9 milijardi američkih dolara. === Poduzetništvo === Prema istraživanju Global Entrepreneurship Monitora u 2011. Brazil je imao 27 miliona odraslih osoba u dobi između 18 i 64 koji su ili pokretali ili posjedovali firme. To znači da više od jednog od ukupno četiri odraslih su bili poduzetnici. U odnosu na ostale 54 zemlje iz studije, Brazil se isticao kao treći od ukupnog broja. Još jedna zanimljiva činjenica koju je pronašla IPEA, vladina agencija, je da je 37 miliona radnih mjesta u Brazilu bilo otvoreno u firmama koje broje do 10 zaposlenih.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://web.grupomaquina.com/maquinaNet/techEngine?sid=MaquinaNet&command=noticiaClippingSite&action=visualizar&idNoticia=2368106366895|title=A spirit for entreprise|access-date=26. 4. 2014|publisher=Financial Times Online|language=en|archive-date=26. 4. 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426232504/http://web.grupomaquina.com/maquinaNet/techEngine?sid=MaquinaNet&command=noticiaClippingSite&action=visualizar&idNoticia=2368106366895|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Istraživanja Global Entrepreneurship Monitora iz 2013. otkrila su da 50,4 % od brazilskih početničkih poduzetnika su muškarci, 33,8 % su u starosnoj grupi 35-44, 36,9 % su završili srednje škole i 47,9 % zarade 3-6 puta veću platu od brazilske najminimalnije plate. 49,6 % od početnih poduzetnika su brazilske žene, samo 7 % ih je u dobi od 55-64 godina. == Nominalni BDP == Ovo je spisak zemalja sa procjenom budućeg nominalnog BDP-a na osnovu podataka iz [[PwC]].<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2011/jan/07/gdp-projections-china-us-uk-brazil "GDP projections from PwC: how China, India and Brazil will overtake the West by 2050"] – PwC forecasts of GDP (PPP), januar 2011.</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" |- ! style="width:2em;" | Pozicija !! Država/Regija !! 2012 BDP (milioni US$) |- |1||{{ZID|Sjedinjene Američke Države}}||{{nts|14991300}} |- |2||{{ZID|Kina}}||{{nts|7203784}} |- |3||{{ZID|Japan}}||{{nts|5870357}} |- |4||{{ZID|Njemačka}}||{{nts|3604061}} |- |5||{{ZID|Francuska}}||{{nts|2775518}} |- |'''6'''||'''{{ZID|Brazil}}'''||'''{{nts|2476651}}''' |- |7||{{ZID|Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo}}||{{nts|2429184}} |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" |- ! style="width:2em;" | Pozicija !! Država/Regija !! 2020 BDP (milioni US$) |- |1||{{ZID|Sjedinjene Američke Države}}||{{nts|22600276}} |- |2||{{ZID|Kina}}||{{nts|16776346}} |- |3||{{ZID|Japan}}||{{nts|6252713}} |- |4||{{ZID|Njemačka}}||{{nts|4183233}} |- |'''5'''||'''{{ZID|Brazil}}'''||'''{{nts|3674184}}''' |- |6||{{ZID|Rusija}}||{{nts|3432225}} |- |7||{{ZID|Indija}}||{{nts|3413443}} |- |} {{-}} == Prihodi == [[Datoteka:Brazilian Supreme Federal Tribunal.jpg|thumb|desno|Prosječni prihod ministara Vrhovnog federalnog suda iznosio je R$ 300.000]] Minimalna zarada za 2013. godinu iznosila je 8.814,00 BRL ili 678,00 BRL mjesečno plus dodatna 13 plaća u drugoj polovini decembra.<ref>[http://economia.uol.com.br/noticias/redacao/2013/01/01/novo-salario-minimo-de-r-678-entra-em-vigor-hoje.htm 2013 Minimum Wage - Brazil], UOL, {{Simboli jezika|pt|portugalski}}</ref> BDP po glavi stanovnika u 2011. je iznosio 12.906 američkih dolara.<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2006&ey=2009&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=223&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr1.x=61&pr1.y=8 Međunarodni monetarni fond]</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; margin-right:60px" !colspan=2|Karijera<ref>[http://veja.abril.com.br/111109/popup_remuneracao.html Median Incomes in Brazil by Career in 2007 (FGV)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091110120653/http://veja.abril.com.br/111109/popup_remuneracao.html |date=10. 11. 2009 }} Veja, pristupljeno dana 24.10.2011 {{Simboli jezika|pt|portugalski}}.</ref> !Ukupni Prosjek (BRL) !Najniži Prosjek (BRL) !Najviši Prosjek (BRL) |- |- |rowspan=1|[[Sudija]]||[[Pravo]]||170.000||150.500||310.500 |- |rowspan=1|Tužilac||Pravo||150.000||140.000||270.000 |- |rowspan=1|Generalni direktor||Administracija||90.000||60.000||1.450.000 |- |rowspan=1|Doktor||Medicina||85.000||40.000||1.550.000 |- |rowspan=1|Pravosudni analitičar||Pravo||80.000||70.000||90.000 |- |rowspan=1|šef policije||Pravo||60.000||50.000||85.000 |- |rowspan=1|Elektro-inženjer||Inženjerstvo||51.000||33.600||360.000 |- |rowspan=1|Građevinski inženjer||Inženjerstvo||50.400||22.800||360.000 |- |rowspan=1|Ostali inženjeri||Inženjerstvo||45.000||24.000||130.000 |- |rowspan=1|Privredni istraživač||Privreda||44.000||24.000||180.000 |- |rowspan=1|Mašinski inženjer||Inženjerstvo||42.600||26.200||105.000 |- |rowspan=1|šef departmana||Administracija||41.964||20.076||420.000 |- |rowspan=1|Poreznik||Vlada||41.520||26.400||240.000 |- |rowspan=1|Profesori||Visoko obrazovanje||40.440||20.000||300.000 |- |rowspan=1|[[Agronom]]||Poljoprivreda||40.000||27.600||96.000 |- |rowspan=1|Hemijski inženjer||Inženjerstvo||40.000||31.200||420.000 |- |rowspan=1|Analitičar sistema||Računarstvo||38.400||30.000||180.000 |- |rowspan=1|[[Zubar]]||Stomatologija||37.800||29.400||720.000 |- |rowspan=1|[[Arhitekt]]||Arhitektura||37.320||13.800||600.000 |- |rowspan=1|[[Advokat]]||Pravo||36.120||20.040||3.000.000 |- |rowspan=1|Računovođa||Računovodstvo||35.880||17.400||216.000 |- |rowspan=1|Administrator||Administracija||35.400||25.080||1.800.000 |- |rowspan=1|[[Novinar]]||Novinarstvo||32.880||18.000||2.400.000 |- |} == Reference == {{refspisak|2}} {{Privreda Južne Amerike po zemljama}} [[Kategorija:Privreda Brazila]] binve7vcn0i846982dm2n99ps4k34v9 4 270098 3426940 3425305 2022-08-01T18:42:40Z wikitext text/x-wiki 3426941 3426940 2022-08-01T18:46:47Z AnToni 2325 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Čaršija|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starija pitanja možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Tehnika break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> Ovdje možete postaviti sva Vaša tehnička pitanja. Ovo mogu, naprimjer, biti problemi oko šablona, modula, ili uopćeno oko wiki sintakse. Ispod dodajte novi odlomak. Kad se problem riješi, onda ga označite šablonom {{tl|Urađeno}} ili {{tl|ok}}. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Postavi novo pitanje|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Tehnika&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #6C71C4; border: #6C71C4; color:white;}} </div> }} __TOC__ == Template:End date == Da i neko zna da li je kod nas preveden [[:en:Template:End date|ovaj šablon]]? Šablon [[:en:Template:Start date|Start date]] je preveden kao [[Šablon:Početni datum|Početni datum]]! Generalno je problem kad se šablon prebaci i prevede, da se ne kategorizira ili ne napravi dokumentacija, pa je kasnije gotovo nemoguće pravilno koristiti, ali i naći potrebne šablone.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 18:33, 26 novembar 2020 (CET) : htio sam ga ja prevesti https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korisnik:Palapa/%C5%A0ablon:End_date [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 13:33, 3 maj 2021 (CEST) == Omogućivanje proširenja Kartographer == {{Phabricator-kutija|T279635|riješeno}} [[:mw:Extension:Kartographer|Ovo proširenje]] omogućuje ugrađivanje interaktivnih karti koje bismo mogli upotrijebiti npr. u infokutijama o parkovima, muzejima, školama, zgradama i slično. Trenutno ga nemamo aktiviranog [[:phab:T229726#5419327|zbog jednog buga povezanog s FlaggedRevsima]], no budući da rijetko ko mijenja koordinate stavki, ne bi trebalo uticati na rad proširenja. Ispod se možete izjasniti. – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 23:33, 8 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 23:33, 8 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 23:36, 8 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} --[[Korisnik:FriedrickMILBarbarossa|FriedrickMILBarbarossa]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:FriedrickMILBarbarossa|razgovor]]) 00:00, 9 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 07:31, 9 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 09:33, 9 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 09:48, 9 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} - [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 13:24, 3 maj 2021 (CEST) == Tamna tema == Odsad je dostupan dodatak koji omogućuje prikazivanje elemenata na sajtu u crnoj boji ili nekoj tamnoj nijansi. Može se aktivirati u [[Posebno:Postavke#mw-prefsection-gadgets|Dodacima]] pod "Interfejs" (treća stavka). – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 08:58, 26 april 2021 (CEST) : Dark mode! To smo čekali. 😎 -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 22:48, 29 april 2021 (CEST) == IK "Sportska nagrada" == [[:en:Template:Infobox sports award|Evo je]]. Imamo za "nagradu", ali ne znam može li obuhvatiti i sportske. A imamo članaka o sportskim nagradama. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 20:07, 23 maj 2021 (CEST) :{{Urađeno}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 23:32, 28 juni 2021 (CEST) == IK "Stonoteniser" == Izgleda da će nam i [[:en:Template:Infobox table tennis player|ova]] trebati. :-) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:42, 26 juni 2021 (CEST) :{{Urađeno}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 23:32, 28 juni 2021 (CEST) ==Okvir infoslika== Gdje je nestala kutija za Infosliku? [[Korisnik:21775198.138-dopisnik|21775198.138-dopisnik]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:21775198.138-dopisnik|razgovor]]) 11:35, 18 august 2021 (CEST) == Prebacivanje modula == Trebalo bi paziti prilikom prebacivanja modula kao: [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Modul%3AFootnotes&type=revision&diff=3376486&oldid=3150039 ovdje - Modul:Footnotes], jer to dovodi do grešaka u postojećim člancima (vidi: [https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito#Napomene ovdje]) Generalno bi trebalo izbjegavati kompletno kopiranje bez koordinacije i provjere od nekog ko može provjeriti kod! Može li neko ({{ping|Edinwiki}}, {{ping|Srđan}}...) provjeriti greške i popraviti?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:30, 30 novembar 2021 (CET) : ja ću probati ispraviti, sorry [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 10:41, 30 novembar 2021 (CET) : Nemojte ove module koji su u širokoj upotrebi tek tako kopirati s enwiki bez ikakvog testiranja. Ako treba nešto ažurirati javite ovdje pa ćemo istestirati da izbjegnemo slučajeve da se u šablonima i člancima pojavljuju greške. – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 14:57, 15 decembar 2021 (CET) ::Izvinjavam se [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 17:18, 15 decembar 2021 (CET) == Šablon:Pgnviewer == Ovaj šablon prikazuje šahovsku partiju kao: [[:ru:Матч_за_звание_чемпиона_мира_по_шахматам_2021#Партия_1:_Непомнящий_—_Карлсен,_½–½|ovdje]]! Ja sam ga prekopirao i probao na [[Korisnik:AnToni/test|probnoj stranici]] ali nema prikaza kao na ruskoj Wiki. Zna li neko u čemu je problem? Možda je problem u [[Šablon:Pgnviewer/Onegame|ovom šablonu]]?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 19:07, 3 decembar 2021 (CET) :{{ping|AnToni}} Bok! Kako bi predložak ispravno radio potrebno je učitati skriptu koja pruža interaktivnu komponentu. Dodaj sljedeći kod u [[Korisnik:AnToni/common.js]]: <code>mw.loader.load('//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:קיפודנחש/pgnwrapper.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript');</code>. Ako želiš da predložak radi za sve korisnike, administratori sučelja ovog projekta trebali bi gornju skriptu uvesti u [[MediaWiki:Common.js]] ili napraviti [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition|dodatak]] koji pokreće ovaj kod i postaviti da je zadano uključen (parametrom <code>|default=true</code>). [[Korisnik:Ivi104|Ivi104]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Ivi104|razgovor]]) 12:52, 4 januar 2022 (CET) :: Postavio sam to kao predodređeni dodatak. Trebalo bi sad raditi. – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 17:23, 4 januar 2022 (CET) :::Radi! Prva liga! Hvala {{ping|Ivi104}} i {{ping|Srđan}}! Posebna dobrošlica za perfektan start {{ping|Ivi104}}: Dugujem paketić Mozartkuglica!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 17:29, 4 januar 2022 (CET) == IK ulica == Čini mi se da [[:en:Template:Infobox street|je]] nemamo. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:24, 12 maj 2022 (CEST) :{{Urađeno}} [[Šablon:Infokutija ulica]] --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 14:26, 12 maj 2022 (CEST) == Šablon "Riječni protok" == Pogledati na [[:en:Template:River discharge|EN]] (mada su i oni uzeli s [[:fr:Modèle:Relevé hydrologique|FR]]). [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 21:58, 15 juli 2022 (CEST) rfa3eahhqlk2es40jvlu7ini6hbrtih 3427028 3426941 2022-08-02T10:37:01Z ClearDoer 144752 wikitext text/x-wiki 3427037 3427028 2022-08-02T10:40:17Z Base 49245 Vraćene izmjene korisnika [[Special:Contributions/ClearDoer|ClearDoer]] ([[User talk:ClearDoer|razgovor]]) na posljednju izmjenu korisnika [[User:AnToni|AnToni]] wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Čaršija|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starija pitanja možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Tehnika break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> Ovdje možete postaviti sva Vaša tehnička pitanja. Ovo mogu, naprimjer, biti problemi oko šablona, modula, ili uopćeno oko wiki sintakse. Ispod dodajte novi odlomak. Kad se problem riješi, onda ga označite šablonom {{tl|Urađeno}} ili {{tl|ok}}. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Postavi novo pitanje|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Tehnika&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #6C71C4; border: #6C71C4; color:white;}} </div> }} __TOC__ == Template:End date == Da i neko zna da li je kod nas preveden [[:en:Template:End date|ovaj šablon]]? Šablon [[:en:Template:Start date|Start date]] je preveden kao [[Šablon:Početni datum|Početni datum]]! Generalno je problem kad se šablon prebaci i prevede, da se ne kategorizira ili ne napravi dokumentacija, pa je kasnije gotovo nemoguće pravilno koristiti, ali i naći potrebne šablone.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 18:33, 26 novembar 2020 (CET) : htio sam ga ja prevesti https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korisnik:Palapa/%C5%A0ablon:End_date [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 13:33, 3 maj 2021 (CEST) == Omogućivanje proširenja Kartographer == {{Phabricator-kutija|T279635|riješeno}} [[:mw:Extension:Kartographer|Ovo proširenje]] omogućuje ugrađivanje interaktivnih karti koje bismo mogli upotrijebiti npr. u infokutijama o parkovima, muzejima, školama, zgradama i slično. Trenutno ga nemamo aktiviranog [[:phab:T229726#5419327|zbog jednog buga povezanog s FlaggedRevsima]], no budući da rijetko ko mijenja koordinate stavki, ne bi trebalo uticati na rad proširenja. Ispod se možete izjasniti. – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 23:33, 8 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 23:33, 8 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 23:36, 8 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} --[[Korisnik:FriedrickMILBarbarossa|FriedrickMILBarbarossa]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:FriedrickMILBarbarossa|razgovor]]) 00:00, 9 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 07:31, 9 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 09:33, 9 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 09:48, 9 april 2021 (CEST) * {{za}} - [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 13:24, 3 maj 2021 (CEST) == Tamna tema == Odsad je dostupan dodatak koji omogućuje prikazivanje elemenata na sajtu u crnoj boji ili nekoj tamnoj nijansi. Može se aktivirati u [[Posebno:Postavke#mw-prefsection-gadgets|Dodacima]] pod "Interfejs" (treća stavka). – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 08:58, 26 april 2021 (CEST) : Dark mode! To smo čekali. 😎 -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 22:48, 29 april 2021 (CEST) == IK "Sportska nagrada" == [[:en:Template:Infobox sports award|Evo je]]. Imamo za "nagradu", ali ne znam može li obuhvatiti i sportske. A imamo članaka o sportskim nagradama. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 20:07, 23 maj 2021 (CEST) :{{Urađeno}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 23:32, 28 juni 2021 (CEST) == IK "Stonoteniser" == Izgleda da će nam i [[:en:Template:Infobox table tennis player|ova]] trebati. :-) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:42, 26 juni 2021 (CEST) :{{Urađeno}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 23:32, 28 juni 2021 (CEST) ==Okvir infoslika== Gdje je nestala kutija za Infosliku? [[Korisnik:21775198.138-dopisnik|21775198.138-dopisnik]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:21775198.138-dopisnik|razgovor]]) 11:35, 18 august 2021 (CEST) == Prebacivanje modula == Trebalo bi paziti prilikom prebacivanja modula kao: [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Modul%3AFootnotes&type=revision&diff=3376486&oldid=3150039 ovdje - Modul:Footnotes], jer to dovodi do grešaka u postojećim člancima (vidi: [https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito#Napomene ovdje]) Generalno bi trebalo izbjegavati kompletno kopiranje bez koordinacije i provjere od nekog ko može provjeriti kod! Može li neko ({{ping|Edinwiki}}, {{ping|Srđan}}...) provjeriti greške i popraviti?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:30, 30 novembar 2021 (CET) : ja ću probati ispraviti, sorry [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 10:41, 30 novembar 2021 (CET) : Nemojte ove module koji su u širokoj upotrebi tek tako kopirati s enwiki bez ikakvog testiranja. Ako treba nešto ažurirati javite ovdje pa ćemo istestirati da izbjegnemo slučajeve da se u šablonima i člancima pojavljuju greške. – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 14:57, 15 decembar 2021 (CET) ::Izvinjavam se [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 17:18, 15 decembar 2021 (CET) == Šablon:Pgnviewer == Ovaj šablon prikazuje šahovsku partiju kao: [[:ru:Матч_за_звание_чемпиона_мира_по_шахматам_2021#Партия_1:_Непомнящий_—_Карлсен,_½–½|ovdje]]! Ja sam ga prekopirao i probao na [[Korisnik:AnToni/test|probnoj stranici]] ali nema prikaza kao na ruskoj Wiki. Zna li neko u čemu je problem? Možda je problem u [[Šablon:Pgnviewer/Onegame|ovom šablonu]]?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 19:07, 3 decembar 2021 (CET) :{{ping|AnToni}} Bok! Kako bi predložak ispravno radio potrebno je učitati skriptu koja pruža interaktivnu komponentu. Dodaj sljedeći kod u [[Korisnik:AnToni/common.js]]: <code>mw.loader.load('//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:קיפודנחש/pgnwrapper.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript');</code>. Ako želiš da predložak radi za sve korisnike, administratori sučelja ovog projekta trebali bi gornju skriptu uvesti u [[MediaWiki:Common.js]] ili napraviti [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition|dodatak]] koji pokreće ovaj kod i postaviti da je zadano uključen (parametrom <code>|default=true</code>). [[Korisnik:Ivi104|Ivi104]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Ivi104|razgovor]]) 12:52, 4 januar 2022 (CET) :: Postavio sam to kao predodređeni dodatak. Trebalo bi sad raditi. – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 17:23, 4 januar 2022 (CET) :::Radi! Prva liga! Hvala {{ping|Ivi104}} i {{ping|Srđan}}! Posebna dobrošlica za perfektan start {{ping|Ivi104}}: Dugujem paketić Mozartkuglica!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 17:29, 4 januar 2022 (CET) == IK ulica == Čini mi se da [[:en:Template:Infobox street|je]] nemamo. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:24, 12 maj 2022 (CEST) :{{Urađeno}} [[Šablon:Infokutija ulica]] --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 14:26, 12 maj 2022 (CEST) == Šablon "Riječni protok" == Pogledati na [[:en:Template:River discharge|EN]] (mada su i oni uzeli s [[:fr:Modèle:Relevé hydrologique|FR]]). [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 21:58, 15 juli 2022 (CEST) rfa3eahhqlk2es40jvlu7ini6hbrtih 0 351403 3427009 3219026 2022-08-02T05:33:00Z KWiki 9400 [[Kategorija:Filmovi s muzikom Dimitrija Tiomkina]] dodata (uz pomoć [[Wikipedia:HotCat|HotCat]]a) wikitext text/x-wiki {{dobar članak}} {{infokutija film | naziv = Divan život | poster = Its A Wonderful Life Movie Poster.jpg | tekst = Originalni poster filma | režija = [[Frank Capra]] | producent = Frank Capra | scenarist = [[Frances Goodrich]]<br />[[Albert Hackett]]<br />[[Jo Swerling]]<br />Frank Capra na osnovu kratke priče "[[Najveći dar]]" autora [[Philip Van Doren Stern|Philipa Van Doren Sterna]] | narator = | uloge = [[James Stewart]]<br />[[Donna Reed]]<br />[[Lionel Barrymore]]<br />[[Henry Travers]] | muzika = [[Dmitrij Tjomkin]] | kinematografija = [[Joseph Walker]] | žanr = | montaža = [[William Hornbeck]] | studio = [[Liberty Films]] | distributer = [[RKO Radio Pictures]] | datum = 20. decembar 1946. | trajanje = 130 minuta | zemlja = {{ZID|SAD}} | jezik = [[engleski jezik|Engleski]] | budžet = 3,1 milion dolara | zarada = 3,3 miliona dolara | prethodnik = | nasljednik = }} '''''Divan život''''' američka je porodična filmska drama snimljena 1946. u režiji [[Frank Capra|Franka Capre]]. Scenarij su adaptirali [[Frances Goodrich]], [[Albert Hackett]], [[Jo Swerling]] i Frank Capra po kratkoj priči [[Philip Van Doren Stern|Philipa Van Doren Sterna]]. Glavne uloge su tumačili [[James Stewart]], [[Donna Reed]], [[Lionel Barrymore]] i [[Henry Travers]]. Film je imao pet nominacija za [[Oscar]]a, ali nije osvojio nijedan, izgubivši od filma [[William Wyler|Williama Wylera]] ''[[Najbolje godine naših života]]''. Dobitnik je [[Zlatni globus|Zlatnog globusa]] u kategoriji za [[Zlatni globus za najboljeg režisera|najboljeg režisera]].<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0038650/?ref_=nv_sr_1</ref> Jedan je od najpopularnijih i najomiljenijih Caprinih filmova. On je smatrao ovaj film kao svoj najomiljeniji; i Stewart je izjavio da mu je najomiljeniji od svih njegovih igranih filmova. U vrijeme njegovog objavljivanja nije imao uspjeha na blagajnama, a postao je [[božić]]ni filmski klasik tek 1970-ih. To je gorka poslijeratna priča o menadžeru jedne štedionice u malom gradu, koji se bori protiv pohlepnih [[banka]]ra i njegove vlastite sumnje u samog sebe. Priča je u stilu [[Charles Dickens|Dickensovog]] romana ''[[Božićna priča]]'',<ref> http://www.filmsite.org/itsa.html </ref> a radnja se proteže od 1919. do 1946. BBC-jev časopis za tv-program "Radio Times" proveo je anketu o najboljim filmovima koji nikad nisu dobili Oscara. Drugi je bio ''Divan život'', a prvi ''[[Iskupljenje u Shawshanku]]''.<ref name = "imdb>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0038650/?ref_=nv_sr_1</ref> == Radnja == Film počinje nestvarnim prikazom anđela na nebu kako raspravlja o problemu koji se pojavio. Oni primaju molitve od smrtnika, kao što su "Molim te, Bože, nešto nije u redu s tatom". George Bailey (James Stewart) planira se ubiti, a oni trebaju poslati anđela na Zemlju da ga zaustavi u toj namjeri. Oni odabiru Clarencea (Henry Travers), anđela koji još nije zaradio svoja krila, za koga smatraju da odgovara zadatku. Stariji anđeli obećavaju da će Clarence dobiti krila ako uspije. Bailey je bio mladić, koji je živio u malom gradu, ali s velikim snovima. Od rane mladosti želio je otići iz Bedford Fallsa, putovati svijetom i uraditi velike stvari – planiranje gradova i izgradnju ogromnih [[aerodrom]]a, [[neboder]]a i [[most]]ova. Prvi incident koji Clarence vidi jest da je, u dobi od 12 godina, George spasio život svog mlađeg brata Harryja (Todd Karns) u nesreći dok su se igrali po zaleđenom jezeru. George je izgubio sluh u lijevom uhu zbog toga što je pao u ledenu vodu kako bi spasio brata. Ubrzo nakon toga, dok je radio sa skraćenim radnim vremenom kod g. Gowera (H. B. Warner) u njegovoj apoteci, on sprečava grešku s receptom zbog koje bi neko mogao biti smrtno otrovan. Tu se pojavljuju i dvije djevojčice u Georgeovom životu: Mary Hatch (Donna Reed) i Violet Bick (Gloria Grahame), za koje se čini da se bore za njegovu pažnju. Georgeov otac (Samuel S. Hinds), s malobrojnim osobljem uključujući i ujaka Billyja (Thomas Mitchell), rukovode sa malom štedionicom ''Building and Loan'' koja finansira hipoteke za stanovnike Bedford Fallsa. Oni se suočavaju kroz tešku bitku sa zlim, pohlepnim i bogatim Henryjem Potterom (Lionel Barrymore). Potter je u odboru upravnika štedionice ''Building and Loan'', ima mnogo svojih uloženih sredstava, uz gotovo sve ostalo u gradu, naplaćuje ljudima astronomske stanarine na svoje stanove, i želio bi zatvoriti Baileyjevu firmu. George želi da započne avanture nakon što diplomira na koledžu. Dok ima ogromno poštovanje za svog oca i ono što on radi da pomogne ljudima, on definitivno ne želi ići stopama svoga oca u i da radi u štedionici. Ali razne okolnosti ometaju njegove planove. George prihvata posao u štedionici na nekoliko godina nakon završetka srednje škole, uz očekivanje da će Harry preuzeti posao nakon što diplomira, tako da George može ići na evropsku turneju, a zatim ode na koledž. Ali njegov otac je doživio fatalni [[moždani udar]], i George mora da preuzme B & L na nekoliko mjeseci, i odustane od evropske turneje. Zatim Potter pokušava da likvidira B & L, ali jedini način da ga zaustavi je da George preuzme firmu na sebe. Zbog toga on odustaje od škole, i daje svoj novac za koledž Harryju. Plan u tom trenutku je bio da, nakon što Harry diplomira, on će preuzeti B & L, a George će kasnije ići na koledž. Ali Harry se vraća s koledža sa namjerom da oženi Ruth Dakin, i Ruthin otac mu je ponudio posao u državi New York. Dakle, George nema drugog izbora nego da ostane sa B & L. George ženi Mary Hatch nakon dugotrajnog ubjeđivanja - on greškom misli da je Mary zaljubljena u njegovog životnog rivala Sama Wainwrighta (Frank Albertson). Oni se pripremaju da odu na medeni mjesec sa 2,000 dolara ušteđevine. Ali započinje [[banka]]rska kriza. Potter je preuzeo banku koja garantuje B & L kredite, i poništava ih. Mušterije su u panici i iskušenju da odu do Potterove banke. Jedini način da George spasi situaciju je da podmiri potrebe mušterija od svog novca za medeni mjesec. Njihovi prijatelji Ernie (Frank Faylen) taksista i Bert (Ward Bond) policajac organiziraju za njih da imaju skromni medeni mjesec u njihovoj kući. Oni izvana na kiši pjevaju serenadu mladencima. B & L i dalje pruža pristupačne stanarine za ljude u Bedford Fallsu, gradeći čitav niz naselja nazvanih "Bailey Park". Tu se nalazi i porodična kuća gospodina Martinija (William Edmunds), lokalnog gostioničara. Sam Wainwright i njegova supruga dolaze da ponude da George i Mary provedu godišnji odmor s njima na Floridi, ali oni nemaju vremena čak ni za to. Potter je uznemiren time što Georgeov "B & L" preuzima mušterije od njegovog poslovanja sa stanovima i pokušava podmititi Georgea da radi za njega umjesto toga, nudeći mu ogromnu plaću i raskošna putovanja. Shvatajući njegovu zamku, George odbija sve što mu Potter nudi i tako ostaje sa suprugom i četvero djece u Bedford Fallsu, nikad i ne pomišljajući otići. [[Drugi svjetski rat]] dolazi, a Harry je u vojnoj službi (George je oslobođen obaveze zbog njegovog uha) i herojski spašava cijeli transportni [[brod]] obarajući dva [[avion]]a u toku napada, dobivši kasnije [[Medalja časti|Medalju časti]] na svečanosti u [[Washington]]u. Ujutro pred [[Božić]], dan kad će Bedford Falls imati veliko slavlje u Harryjevu čast, bankarski kontrolor stiže za obavi rutinsku reviziju. Istog dana ujak Billy ide u banku da položi uobičajeni depozit od 8.000 dolara u gotovini. Potter se slučajno zadesio tamo i Billy ponosno ističe novine s vijestima o Harryju. On slučajno ostavlja kovertu s novcem u novinama i Potter prisvaja novac sebi. Billy onda shvata da je izgubio novac. Potter, sada u drugoj sobi, vidi sve ovo i sakriva novac. Billy se vraća nazad do štedionice "B & L", gdje George, velikodušan kao i uvijek, daje Violet jedan dio vlastitog novca za njeno putovanje u New York kako bi počela novi život. Kad je Billy rekao Georgeu o gubitku, nastaje svađa. George i Billy pretražuju sva mjesta gdje bi se eventualno novac mogao zagubiti. George viče Billyju da to znači da idu pod [[stečaj]], da će nastati skandal i da bi neko mogao otići u zatvor te da on (George) nije taj koji će ići u zatvor. George odlazi kući veoma loše raspoložen, gdje se njegova porodica te večeri pripremala za Božićne svetkovine. George je izuzetno ogorčen i agresivan, i verbalno zlostavlja sviju. Cijela porodica je uznemirena njegovim ponašanjem. On saznaje da je njihova najmlađa kći Zuzu (Karolyn Grimes) u krevetu prehlađena. Navodno je uhvatila prehladu dok se vraćala kući iz škole, i nije zakopčala kaput kako ne bi oštetila ružu koju je dobila na poklon. George ide na sprat da je vidi i dok uzima ružu, neke latice otpadaju. George ih stavlja u džep. Učiteljica gospođa Welch telefonira i pita za njeno zdravlje. George je optužuje zbog njene nepažnje. Kada se gospodin Welch javlja na liniji, George mu prijeti i vrijeđa ga. Zatim George počinje da baca stvari po kući. Djeca plaču a on izlijeće iz kuće. Mary telefonira ujka Billyja da sazna šta nije u redu. Dok se vijesti o nesreći šire, George odlazi u posjetu kod gospodina Pottera da moli za kredit u iznosu od 8,000 dolara. Potter je nemilosrdan i sarkastičan. On smatra da je George varao na knjigama, kockao se s firminim novcem, ili možda trošio na žene, ističući da je poznato da je davao novac Violeti Bick. Potter traži od njega osiguranje. Sve što George ima je petnaest hiljada dolara vrijednu policu životnog osiguranja, ali sa samo pet stotina dolara [[kapital]]a. Potter mu kaže: "Ti vrijediš više mrtav nego živ." George odlazi u birtiju gospodina Martinija i počinje da pije, a zatim se moli Bogu. Njegovi prijatelji vide to i pokušavaju mu pomoći. Gospodin Martini glasno naziva njegovo ime, tako da ga je čuo gospodin Welch koji je sjedio u blizini. On udara Georgea, ostavljajući mu krvave usne. George odlazi, iako ga njegovi prijatelji pozivaju da ostane i opusti se. George se odvozi sa svojim autom prema mostu. Zbog snježne oluje, on slučajno udara u drvo. Vlasnik kuće izlazi i galami na njega što je oštetio stablo. George nastavlja da hoda prema mostu gdje planira da se ubije. Baš u trenutku kad je George trebao da skoči u ledenu rijeku i utopi se, Clarence stiže na Zemlju. On zna da će ga George spasiti ako Clarence skoči u rijeku. On to čini, i George skače i spašava ga kao što je i predvidio. Oni idu do naplatne stanice gdje suše svoju odjeću. Clarence objašnjava da je on anđeo druge klase poslat da spasi Georgea da ne počini [[samoubistvo]]. Na Georgeovo zaprepašćenje, Clarence zna cijelu priču o njegovom životu. George je u nevjerici i cinično napominje da ga ne čudi da je dobio samo drugorazrednog anđela i to bez krila. On se odupire Clarenceovom ubjeđivanju, smatrajući da on mora da je pio pokvareni [[alkohol]]. On na kraju kaže: "Volio bih da se nikada nisam ni rodio." Clarence formuliše svoj plan i, nakon komunikacije sa višim anđelima, kaže: "Ispunjena ti je želja. Nikad nisi bio rođen." Sve se odjednom mijenja. U alternativnom svijetu nema snijega. George primjećuje da on može čuti na lijevo uho, i usna mu više ne krvari. Clarence ističe da će mnoge stvari sada biti drugačije. Oni hodaju nazad prema gradu, i prolaze pored stabla koje je George udario sa svojim automobilom. Auto više ne postoji kao i oštećenja na drvetu. Vlasnik kuće izlazi i George ga pita za automobil i oštećenje stabla ali čovjek ne zna ništa o tome. Oni se kreću dalje prema gradu. Martinijeva konoba je postala zapuštena krčma, a gospodina Martinija nema nigdje. Ona je sada u Nickovom vlasništvu, koji je tu radio u stvarnom životu. George i Clarence ostaju u baru. Nicku se ne sviđa Clarenceov govor i držanje. George prepoznaje Nicka ali Nick ne prepoznaje njega. Kada je zazvonila kasa, Clarence ističe da, kad god se to dogodi, to znači da je jedan od anđela zaradio svoja krila. Stariji gospodin Gower dolazi a Nick mu kaže da ide. George govori sa gospodinom Gowerom, ali on ga ne prepoznaje. Nick kaže da je gospodin Gower proveo 20 godina u zatvoru zbog trovanja nekog djeteta. Nick izbacuje Georgea i Clarencea iz kafane, a zatim podrugljivo otvara kasu, rekavši da je zvono njegove kase dalo nekome anđeoska krila. Ispred konobe, George je ozbiljno uznemiren s onim što se događa. Clarence objašnjava Georgeu još jednom da on više ne postoji. George provjerava svoje džepove da nađe novčanik, ili neki identifikacioni dokument, ili policu životnog osiguranja. Clarence ističe da to više ne postoji. Clarence kaže: "George, dobio si priliku da vidiš kako bi svijet izgledao bez tebe." Nastavljajući da negira ono što se dešava, on nastavlja hodati prema centru bez Clarencea. Bedford Falls je postao Pottersville, i to je sumorno, okrutno i odvratno mjesto puno barova i loših noćnih klubova. Kino dvorana, i B & L, su davno prestali postojati. Policija je posvuda, i imaju pune ruke posla. George vidi kako policija hapsi Violet i odvode je iz bordela. On zaustavlja Erniejev taksi i traži da ga vozi kući. Ernie nema pojma ko je on i gdje živi i da je adresa koju mu je dao napuštena kuća. On daje znak Bertu policajcu da ga prati dok vozi Georgea do kuće. Kad je George pretraživao kuću kako bi pronašao svoju porodicu, Clarence se pojavljuje. Bert pokušava da ih uhapsi, ali Clarence nestaje, omogućavajući Georgeu da pobjegne. Zatim George ide do kuće njegove majke, ali ni ona ga ne prepoznaje. On spominje ujka Billyja, a ona mu kaže da je on već mnogo godina u duševnoj bolnici i da B & L više ne postoji. Još uvijek u nevjerici, George odlazi sa Clarenceom do Martinijeve kuće u Bailey Parku ali takvo mjesto ne postoji - to je sama pustoš sa grobljem. Clarence mu pokazuje grob Harryja Baileyja. Clarence kaže: "Tvoj brat Harry Bailey je probio led i utopio se kad mu je bilo devet godina." Zatim George traži da vidi Mary. Clarence kaže da se ona nikada nije udala, i radi u biblioteci. George ide tamo ali ona ga ne prepoznaje. On pokušava da je zagrli, ali ona vrišti i policija interveniše. George udara Berta i bježi. Bert puca za njim ali maši. [[File:Guardian angel clarence.jpg|thumbnail|George sa svojim anđelom čuvarom Clarenceom ([[Henry Travers]])]] Konačno svjestan onoga šta se događa, George odlazi do mosta gdje je planirao da se ubije, i moli Clarencea da ga ponovo vrati u život. Alternativni svijet se završava. Ponovo pada snijeg. Bert stiže sa svojim policijskim autom, i kaže Georgeu da ga je tražio, s obzirom da je vidio njegovo auto s kojim je udario u stablo. Bert ga upozorava da njegova usna krvari. Ali Georgeu je drago ovo čuti, pošto je to dokaz da ga je Bert prepoznao. George sav uzbuđen odlazi u grad, koji je još uvijek Bedford Falls. On ide kući, znajući da će vjerovatno biti uhapšen. Zvaničnici su tu, i spremni su da ga uhapse ali tu su njegova djeca i ponovo se sastaju puni radosti. Mary se vraća kući, zajedno s mnogo ljudi na čelu sa ujka Billyjem. Kada se pročulo da George ima finansijskih problema, stanovnici grada su bili toliko velikodušni da su skupili koliko god su mogli donacija. Desetine ljudi je došlo, sa košarom punom novca, nakita i drugih dragocjenosti. Telegram stiže od Sama Wainwrighta iz Evrope, rekavši mu da je kontaktirao gospodina Gowera, i da će obezbijediti do 25,000 dolara za pokrivanje duga B & L. Harry je stigao iz New Yorka, i nazdravlja: "Za mog velikog brata Georgea, najbogatijeg čovjeka u gradu." U posljednjoj sceni, zvono na božićnom drvcetu je zazvonilo a Zuzu kaže: "Vidi tata, učitelj kaže, svaki put kad zvono zazvoni, neki od anđela dobije krila." George kaže gledajući ka nebu: "U pravu si, čestitam ti Clarence.” <ref> [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0038650/synopsis?ref_=tt_stry_pl Radnja filma na imdb.com] </ref> == Uloge == {| {{prettytable}} | bgcolor="#add8e6" width="200"| '''Ime glumca/glumice''' | bgcolor="#add8e6" width="300"| '''Uloga u filmu''' |- |[[James Stewart]]|| George Bailey |- |[[Donna Reed]]|| Mary Hatch Bailey |- |[[Henry Travers]]|| Clarence Odbody |- |[[Lionel Barrymore]]|| g. Henry F. Potter |- |[[Thomas Mitchell]]|| ujak Billy Bailey |- |[[Beulah Bondi]]|| Ma Bailey |- |[[Frank Faylen]]|| taksista Ernie Bishop |- |[[Ward Bond]]|| policajac Bert |- |[[Gloria Grahame]]|| Violet Bick |- |[[H. B. Warner]]|| g. Gower |- |[[Todd Karns]]|| Harry Bailey |- |} == Nagrade == === [[Zlatni globus]] === * Frank Capra - [[Zlatni globus za najboljeg režisera]] == Zanimljivosti == * Za scenu u kojoj je Donna Reed trebala da baci kamen u prozor kuće Granville, Frank Capra je unajmio strelca koji je trebao to da odradi za nju. Ali na čuđenje sviju, Donna Reed je razbila prozor i pogodila pravi cilj bez pomoći unajmljenog strelca. Reed je igrala bejzbol u srednjoj školi i imala je sigurnu ruku. * Pod dvorane koji se otvara da otkrije bazen je bio stvaran i pripadao je srednjoj školi ''Beverly Hills'' u [[Los Angeles]]u. * James Stewart je bio nervozan zbog scene poljupca kod [[telefon]]a jer je to bio njegov prvi poljubac na filmu od njegovog povratka u Hollywood nakon rata. Pod Frank Caprinim budnim okom, Stewart je snimio scenu u samo jednom pokušaju bez priprema, i to je tako dobro ispalo da je scena sa zagrljajem izbačena jer je bila previše strastvena da bi prošla cenzuru. * Scena na mostu gdje Clarence spašava Georgea je snimana na dan kada je temperatura bila 32 stepena [[celzijus]]a. To je bio razlog zašto se James Stewart vidno znojio u nekoliko scena. * Dok je snimao scenu u kojoj se George moli u baru, James Stewart je rekao da je bio tako obuzet da je počeo stvarno da jeca. Kasnije, Frank Capra je prepravio snimak tako da je izgledao mnogo bliže nego što je zapravo snimljen jer je želio uhvatiti taj izraz na Stewartovom licu. * Setovi za Bedford Falls su bili izgrađeni za dva mjeseca i bili su jedni od najdužih koji su se ikada napravili za jedan američki film. Oni su pokrivali četiri [[hektar]]a na ranču Encino u vlasništvu [[RKO]]-a. To uključivalo 75 trgovina i zgrada, glavnu ulicu, zonu fabrike i veliko stambeno područje. Ulica ''The Main Street'' je bila duga 300 metara, tri cijela gradska bloka. * Fotografija Jamesa Stewarta u dobi od šest mjeseci koju su donirali njegovi roditelji je bila kao ukras u kući Baileyja. * Stewart je izjavio da je George Bailey njegov omiljeni lik. Uloga je prvobitno razrađivana u drugom studiju za [[Cary Grant|Caryja Granta]]. Kad je Capra naslijedio projekt, on je to sve prilagodio za Stewarta. * Frank Capra je snimio niz sekvenci koje su kasnije bile izrezane, a jedini ostaci su rijetke fotografije koje su bile pronađene. Velik broj alternativnih završetaka bio je uzet u obzir, s Caprinim prvim scenarijem gdje George pada na koljena i izgovara [[Očenaš]], kao i početna scena s građanima Bedford Fallsa na molitvi. Osjećajući da previše vjerskih tonova ne bi imalo emocionalni utjecaj na porodicu i prijatelje koji dolaze da izbave Georgea, zatvarujće scene su bile prepravljene. * Lionel Barrymore uvjerio je Stewarta da preuzme ulogu Georgea uprkos njegovom osjećaju da nije bio spreman za to, tako brzo nakon Drugog svjetskog rata. * Ovo je bio prvi i zadnji put da je Frank Capra producirao, finansirao, režirao i bio koscenarist za jedan od njegovih filmova. * Capra je bio procijenio da će film snimiti u roku 90 dana; bio je u pravu i cijela ekipa filma je priredila slavlje kad je snimanje završeno. * Ovaj film je bio jedan od pet filmova u kojima je Beulah Bondi glumila James Stewartovu majku, ostali su bili: ''[[Gospodin Smith ide u Washington (1939)|Gospodin Smith ide u Washington]]'', ''Of Human Hearts (1938)'' i ''Živahna Lady (1938)'', i još jednoj u TV-seriji, ''The Jimmy Stewart Show (1971)''. * U sceni u kojoj George Bailey trči kroz ulice i želi svima Sretan Božić, vidi se snimak kina Marque koji oglašava film ''Zvona Svete Marije (1945)''. Henry Travers, koji igra Clarencea, glumio je u tom filmu prethodne godine. * I James Stewart i Donna Reed dolaze iz malih gradova; Stewart iz Indiane, Pennsylvania, a Reed iz Denisona, [[Iowa]]. Ona je dokazala svoje seoske korijene osvojivši opkladu sa Lionelom Barrymoreom kada je izazvao da pomuze kravu na snimanju. * [[Vincent Price]] imao je ponudu za ulogu g. Pottera. * [[Ginger Rogers]] imala je ponudu za ulogu Mary, ali ju je odbila. * 1947, analitičar [[FBI]] podnosi, bez komentara, dodatak na memorandum o "[[komunist]]ičkoj infiltraciji filmske produkcije," gdje je naveo da je "očigledno" da je pokušaj filma da diskreditira bankare "uobičajeni trik koji koriste komunisti." * Glumac i producent Sheldon Leonard izjavio je u jednom intervjuu da je jedini razlog zašto je pristao da igra Nicka barmena u ovom filmu je da bi imao novca da kupi karte za utakmice bejzbola. * Nakon rata Frank Capra je osnovao Liberty Films sa Georgeom Stevensom i [[William Wyler|Williamom Wylerom]] da bi napravio ozbiljnije i intimnije filmove. Ovaj i ''State of the Union (1948)'' bili su jedini filmovi u produkciji Liberty Filmsa. * Ime Bedford Falls je kombinacija imena gradova kao što su [[Bedford Hills]], New York, i [[Seneca Falls]], gradić na pola puta između [[Rochester]]a i [[Syracuse]]. Grad [[Elmira]], koji spominju inspektori banke, je pravi grad u državi New York, nedaleko od stvarnog Seneca Fallsa. <ref name = "imdb> http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0038650/?ref_=nv_sr_1 </ref> == Kritike == Internetski preglednik [[Rotten Tomatoes]] izvještava da je 94% kritičara dalo filmu rejting "Certified Fresh", na osnovu 66 recenzija sa prosječnom ocjenom 8.8/10 uz komentar: "praznični klasik koji definira sve ostale praznične klasike, ovo je jedan od nekolicine filmova koji vrijede da se prikazuju svake godine." <ref> [http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1010792-its_a_wonderful_life/ Kritike na Rotten Tomatoes]</ref> == Reference == {{refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat|It's A Wonderful Life (film)}} * {{imdb title|id=0038650|title=Divan život}} {{AFI-jevih 10 top 10}} [[Kategorija:Filmovi iz 1946.]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi na engleskom jeziku]] [[Kategorija:Američki filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Američki crno-bijeli filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Američki dramski filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Američki filmovi fantazije]] [[Kategorija:Američki božićni filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Američki romantični dramski filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u režiji Franka Capre]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi zasnovani na romanu]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Zlatni globus za najboljeg redatelja]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi s radnjom u New York Cityju]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi snimljeni u Kaliforniji]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi RKO Picturesa]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi Liberty Filmsa]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u Nacionalnom filmskom registru Sjedinjenih Američkih Država]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi s muzikom Dimitrija Tiomkina]] hlq18rys0amv79blcl8py1zoxozkhb6 0 352954 3426992 3238291 2022-08-01T23:58:39Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Kevin Magnussen | slika = Kevin Magnussen, 2019 Formula One Tests Barcelona (cropped).jpg | opis_slike = Magnussen 2019. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1992|10|05}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Roskilde]], [[Danska]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|DAN}} [[Danci|Danac]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022. = [[Haas F1|Haas]]-[[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] | broj_auta_2022. = '''<span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#FFFFFF; background-color:#787878;">20</span>''' | trke = 133 (132 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = | podiji = 1 | bodovi = 180 | prve_startne_pozicije = | najbrži_krug = 2 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|VN Australije 2014.]] | prva_pobjeda = | posljednja_pobjeda = | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 20. (1 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Kevin Magnussen''' ([[Roskilde]], [[5. oktobar]] [[1992]]) [[Danska|danski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Haas F1|Haas]]-[[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]]. Kevin je prvi sin bivšeg vozač [[Formula 1|Formule 1]] [[Jan Magnussen]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !rowspan=6| 2008. |align=left| Formula Ford Danska |align=left rowspan=4| Fukamuni Racing | 15 | 11 | 6 | 10 | 12 | 267 |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Formula Ford<br/>Duratec Benelux | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 ! 19. |- |align=left| Formula Ford Festival | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 7. |- |align=left| Formula Ford NEZ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 27 ! 4. |- |align=left| ADAC Formel Masters |align=left| Van Amersfoort Racing | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 30 ! 12. |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 Portugal<br/>Zima Serija |align=left| Motopark Academy | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 12 ! 10. |- !rowspan=3| 2009. |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 NEC |align=left rowspan=2| Motopark Academy | 14 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 12 | 278 |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 50 ! 7. |- |align=left| Renault Clio Cup Danska |align=left| ? | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 18 ! 12. |- !rowspan=2| 2010. |align=left| Njemački Formula 3 Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=2| Motopark Academy | 18 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 96 |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 ! 12. |- !rowspan=3| 2011. |align=left| Britanski Formula 3 Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=3| Carlin | 29 | 7 | 6 | 9 | 9 | 237 |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 19. |- ! 2012. |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| Carlin | 17 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 106 ! 7. |- ! 2013. |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| DAMS | 17 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 13 | 274 |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- ! 2014. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren Mercedes]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 55 ! 11. |- ! 2015. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren Honda]] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! 22. |- ! 2016. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|Renault Sport Formula One Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 ! 16. |- ! 2017 |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 ! 14. |- ! 2018. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 56 ! 9. |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Haas F1|Rich Energy Haas F1 Team]]<br/>[[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 20 ! 16. |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2014–2015. || [[McLaren]] |- | 2016. || [[Renault F1|Renault]] |- | 2017–2020. || [[Haas F1|Haas]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-29]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] PU106A Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|AUS]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2014.|MAL]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2014.|BHR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2014.|KIN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2014.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2014.|MON]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|KAN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2014.|AUT]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2014.|VB]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2014.|NJE]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2014.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2014.|BEL]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2014.|ITA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2014.|SIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2014.|JAP]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2014.|RUS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2014.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2014.|BRA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2014.|ABU]]<br /><small>11.</small> | | ! 55 ! 11. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren Honda]] ! [[McLaren MP4-30]] ! [[Honda Racing F1|Honda]] RA615H 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|AUS]]<br /><small>NP</small> | [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2015.|MAL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2015.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2015.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2015.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2015.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2015.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2015.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2015.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2015.|MAĐ]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2015.|BEL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Italije 2015.|ITA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2015.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Japana 2015.|JAP]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2015.|RUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2015.|SAD]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2015.|MEK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2015.|BRA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2015.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | ! 0 ! 22. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport Formula One Team]] ! [[Renault R.S.16]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport]] R.E.16 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> ! 7 ! 16. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] ! [[Haas VF-17]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] 062 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>13.</small> | ! 19 ! 14. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] ! [[Haas VF-18]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] 062 EVO 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]''<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#000000" style="color:#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">SAD</span>]]<br /><small>DSK</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>10.</small> ! 56 ! 9. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Haas F1|Rich Energy Haas F1 Team]]<br/>[[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] ! [[Haas VF-19]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] 064 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]''<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>14.</small> ! 20 ! 16. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] ! [[Haas VF-20]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] 065 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | | | ! 1* ! 19.* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku == Vanjski linkovi == *{{Commonscat-inline}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130316013856/http://www.kevinmagnussen.com/home.aspx Službena web stranica] * [http://www.statsf1.com/en/kevin-magnussen.aspx statsf1.com Kevin Magnussen – statistika] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{McLaren}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Magnussen, Kevin}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1992.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Roskilde]] [[Kategorija:Danski vozači Formule 1]] 7a0emzyvqanxn07hjwj7a7gk2mlhlaz 3426994 3426992 2022-08-02T00:04:22Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Kevin Magnussen | slika = Kevin Magnussen, 2019 Formula One Tests Barcelona (cropped).jpg | opis_slike = Magnussen 2019. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1992|10|05}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Roskilde]], [[Danska]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|DAN}} [[Danci|Danac]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Haas F1|Haas]]-[[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] | broj_bolida = '''<span style="padding:1px 4px; color:#FFFFFF; background-color:#787878;">20</span>''' | trke = 133 (132 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = | podiji = 1 | bodovi = 180 | prve_startne_pozicije = | najbrži_krug = 2 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|VN Australije 2014.]] | prva_pobjeda = | posljednja_pobjeda = | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 20. (1 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Kevin Magnussen''' ([[Roskilde]], [[5. oktobar]] [[1992]]) [[Danska|danski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Haas F1|Haas]]-[[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]]. Kevin je prvi sin bivšeg vozač [[Formula 1|Formule 1]] [[Jan Magnussen]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !rowspan=6| 2008. |align=left| Formula Ford Danska |align=left rowspan=4| Fukamuni Racing | 15 | 11 | 6 | 10 | 12 | 267 |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Formula Ford<br/>Duratec Benelux | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 ! 19. |- |align=left| Formula Ford Festival | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 7. |- |align=left| Formula Ford NEZ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 27 ! 4. |- |align=left| ADAC Formel Masters |align=left| Van Amersfoort Racing | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 30 ! 12. |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 Portugal<br/>Zima Serija |align=left| Motopark Academy | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 12 ! 10. |- !rowspan=3| 2009. |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 NEC |align=left rowspan=2| Motopark Academy | 14 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 12 | 278 |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 50 ! 7. |- |align=left| Renault Clio Cup Danska |align=left| ? | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 18 ! 12. |- !rowspan=2| 2010. |align=left| Njemački Formula 3 Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=2| Motopark Academy | 18 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 96 |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 8 ! 12. |- !rowspan=3| 2011. |align=left| Britanski Formula 3 Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=3| Carlin | 29 | 7 | 6 | 9 | 9 | 237 |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 19. |- ! 2012. |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| Carlin | 17 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 106 ! 7. |- ! 2013. |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| DAMS | 17 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 13 | 274 |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- ! 2014. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren Mercedes]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 55 ! 11. |- ! 2015. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren Honda]] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! 22. |- ! 2016. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|Renault Sport Formula One Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 ! 16. |- ! 2017 |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 ! 14. |- ! 2018. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 56 ! 9. |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Haas F1|Rich Energy Haas F1 Team]]<br/>[[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 20 ! 16. |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2014–2015. || [[McLaren]] |- | 2016. || [[Renault F1|Renault]] |- | 2017–2020. || [[Haas F1|Haas]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren Mercedes]] ! [[McLaren MP4-29]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] PU106A Hybrid 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|AUS]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2014.|MAL]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2014.|BHR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2014.|KIN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2014.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2014.|MON]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|KAN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2014.|AUT]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2014.|VB]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2014.|NJE]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2014.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2014.|BEL]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2014.|ITA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2014.|SIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2014.|JAP]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2014.|RUS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2014.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2014.|BRA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2014.|ABU]]<br /><small>11.</small> | | ! 55 ! 11. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren Honda]] ! [[McLaren MP4-30]] ! [[Honda Racing F1|Honda]] RA615H 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|AUS]]<br /><small>NP</small> | [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2015.|MAL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2015.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2015.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2015.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2015.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2015.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2015.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2015.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2015.|MAĐ]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2015.|BEL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Italije 2015.|ITA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2015.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Japana 2015.|JAP]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2015.|RUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2015.|SAD]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2015.|MEK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2015.|BRA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2015.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | ! 0 ! 22. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport Formula One Team]] ! [[Renault R.S.16]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport]] R.E.16 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> ! 7 ! 16. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] ! [[Haas VF-17]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] 062 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>13.</small> | ! 19 ! 14. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] ! [[Haas VF-18]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] 062 EVO 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]''<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#000000" style="color:#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|<span style="color:#FFFFFF">SAD</span>]]<br /><small>DSK</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>10.</small> ! 56 ! 9. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Haas F1|Rich Energy Haas F1 Team]]<br/>[[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] ! [[Haas VF-19]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] 064 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]''<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>14.</small> ! 20 ! 16. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] ! [[Haas VF-20]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] 065 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | | | ! 1* ! 19.* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku == Vanjski linkovi == *{{Commonscat-inline}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130316013856/http://www.kevinmagnussen.com/home.aspx Službena web stranica] * [http://www.statsf1.com/en/kevin-magnussen.aspx statsf1.com Kevin Magnussen – statistika] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{McLaren}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Magnussen, Kevin}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1992.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Roskilde]] [[Kategorija:Danski vozači Formule 1]] mkfv5umdr9gwnarc8eqo3kbfvq6h51m 0 353678 3426973 3385251 2022-08-01T21:27:49Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 3 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prvenstvo [[Rusija|Rusije]] u [[šah]]u''' kroz [[historija|historiju]] je imalo više oblika. == [[Rusko carstvo|Carska Rusija]] == 1874. godine [[Emanuel Šifers]] porazio je [[Andrej Čardin|Andreja Čardina]] u meču održanom u [[Sankt Peterburg]]u ostvarivši 5 pobjeda i 4 poraza. Šifers je smatran prvim prvakom Rusije sve dok ga njegov učenik, [[Mihail Čigorin]], nije porazio u meču 1879, također u St. Peterburgu. Čigorin je dobio sa 7 pobjeda, 4 poraza i 2 [[remi (šah)|remija]]. 1899. format prvenstva promijenjen je u turnir po [[Bergerov sistem|Bergerovom sistemu]], poznat kao Sveruski turnir majstora. Njegovi pobjednici bili su: :{| class="sortable wikitable" ! # !! Godina !! Grad !! Pobjednik |- | 1. || 1899. || [[Moskva]] || [[Mihail Čigorin]] |- | 2. || 1900/1901. || [[Moskva]] || [[Mihail Čigorin]] |- | 3. ||1903. || [[Kijev]] || [[Mihail Čigorin]] |- | 4. || 1905/1906. || [[Sankt Peterburg]] || [[Henryk Salwe]] |- | 5. || 1907/1908. || [[Łódź]] || [[Akiba Rubinstein]] |- | 6. || 1909. || [[Vilnius|Vilna]] || [[Akiba Rubinstein]] |- | 7. || 1912. || [[Vilnius|Vilna]] || [[Akiba Rubinstein]] |- | 8. || 1913/1914. || [[Sankt Peterburg]] || [[Aleksandar Aljehin|Aljehin]] i [[Aron Nimzowitsch|Nimzowitsch]] |} == Sovjetska Rusija == Nakon formiranja [[Sovjetski savez|Sovjetskog saveza]] ustanovljeno je i [[Prvenstvo SSSR-a u šahu]] kao nacionalno prvenstvo. Međutim, prvenstvo Rusije nastavilo je postojati kao prvenstvo [[Ruska sovjetska federativna socijalistička republika|RSFSR-a]]. Prva 2 sovjetska prvenstva priznata su i kao prvenstva RSFSR-a; moderno numeriranje ruskih prvenstava počinje s ova dva turnira. [[Grad]]ovi [[Moskva]] i [[Lenjingrad]] održavali su vlastita prvenstva i njihovi igrači nisu mogli nastupati na prvenstvu RSFSR-a. Ipak, neki jesu učestvovali kao vanjski takmičari: npr., Tajmanov je završio s istim brojem bodova kao Tarasov na prvenstvu 1960, ali titula je dodijeljena samo Tarasovu jer je Tajmanov bio iz Lenjingrada. [[Rašid Nežmedinov]] držao je rekord od 5 titula na prvenstvu Rusije. :{| class="sortable wikitable" ! # !! Godina !! Grad !! Pobjednik |- | 1. || 1920. || [[Moskva]] ||[[Aleksandar Aljehin]] |- | 2. || 1923. || [[Petrograd]] || [[Petar Romanovski]] |- | 3. || 1928. || [[Moskva]] || [[Petar Izmailov]] |- | 4. || 1934. || [[Moskva]] || [[Sergej Bjelavenec]] |- | 5. || 1935. || [[Njižni Novgorod|Gorki]] || [[Aleksandar Toluš]] |- | 6. || 1946. || [[Jekaterinburg|Sverdlovsk]] || [[Isak Boleslavski]] |- | 7. || 1947. || [[Samara|Kujbišev]] || [[Nikolaj Novotelnov]] |- | 8. || 1948. || [[Saratov]] || [[Nikolaj Aratovski]], [[Georgij Iljivicki]] |- | 9. || 1949. || [[Jaroslavlj]] || [[Petar Dubinjin]], [[Georgij Iljivicki]] |- | 10. || 1950. || [[Njižni Novgorod|Gorki]] || [[Rašid Nežmedinov]] |- | 11. || 1951. || [[Jaroslavlj]] || [[Rašid Nežmedinov]] |- | 12. || 1952. || [[Tula]] || [[Lav Aronjin]], [[Nikolaj Krogijus]] |- | 13. || 1953. || [[Saratov]] || [[Rašid Nežmedinov]] |- | 14. || 1954. || [[Rostov na Donu]] || [[Leonid Šamkovič]] |- | 15. || 1955. || [[Lenjingrad]] || [[Anatolij Lutikov]] |- | 16. || 1956. || [[Kislovodsk]] || [[Leonid Šamkovič]] |- | 17. || 1957. || [[Krasnodar]] || [[Rašid Nežmedinov]] |- | 18. || 1958. || [[Soči]] || [[Rašid Nežmedinov]] |- | 19. || 1959. || [[Voronjež]] || [[Anatolij Lutikov]] |- | 20. || 1960. || [[Perm (grad)|Perm]] || [[Vitalij Tarasov]], ''[[Mark Tajmanov]] (van konkurencije)'' |- | 21. || 1961. || [[Omsk]] || [[Lav Polugajevski]] |- | 22. || 1963. || [[Čeljabinsk]] || [[Anatolij Lejn]] |- | 23. || 1964. || [[Kazanj]] || [[Nikolaj Krogijus]] |- | 24. || 1966. || [[Saratov]] || [[Igor Zaharov (šahist)|Igor Zaharov]], [[Anatolij Lejn]], [[Vladimir Sergijevski]] |- | 25. || 1968. || [[Grozni]] || [[Aleksandar Zajcev (šahist)|Aleksandar Zajcev]] |- | 26. || 1970. || [[Samara|Kujbišev]] || [[Anatolij Karpov]] |- | 27. || 1971. || [[Penza]] || [[Oleg Dementijev]], [[Valerij Zilberštejn]] |- | 28. || 1972. || [[Rostov na Donu]] || [[Vitalij Ceškovski]] |- | 29. || 1973. || [[Omsk]] || [[Valerij Korjenski]], [[Jurij Rusakov]], [[Vitalij Ceškovski]] |- | 30. || 1974. || [[Tula]] || [[Nuhim Raškovski]] |- | 31. || 1976. || [[Novosibirsk]] || [[Nuhim Rashkovski]] |- | 32. || 1977. || [[Volgograd]] || [[Valerij Žuravljov]], [[Lav Psahis]] |- | 33. || 1979. || [[Jekaterinburg|Sverdlovsk]] || [[Aleksandar Pančenko]] |- | 34. || 1980. || [[Kazanj]] || [[Aleksandar Petrušin]] |- | 35. || 1981. || [[Vladimir (grad)|Vladimir]] || [[Pavel Zarubin]] |- | 36. || 1982. || [[Stavropolj]] || [[Anatolij Vajser]] |- | 37. || 1984. || [[Brjansk]] || [[Genadij Tunjik]] |- | 38. || 1985. || [[Jekaterinburg|Sverdlovsk]] || [[Aleksandar Petrušin]] |- | 39. || 1986. || [[Smolensk]] || [[Venjamin Štirjenkov]] |- | 40. || 1987. || [[Kursk]] || [[Andrej Haritonov]] |- | 41. || 1988. || [[Voronjež]] || [[Ratmir Holmov]], [[Vadim Ruban]] |- | 42. || 1989. || [[Njižni Novgorod|Gorki]] || [[Aleksej Vižmanavin]] |- | 43. || 1990. || [[Samara|Kujbišev]] || [[Andrej Harlov]], [[Vladimir Kramnik]], [[Ruslan Ščerbakov]], [[Maksim Sorokin]] |- | 44. || 1991. || [[Smolensk]] || [[Sergej Rubljevski]] |} == Nakon raspada SSSR-a == Nakon [[Raspad SSSR-a|raspada SSSR-a]] prvenstvo Rusije ponovo je ustanovljeno kao nacionalno prvenstvo i igračima iz Moskve i St. Peterburga dozvoljeno je da nastupaju. Prije 2004. prvenstvo je bilo organizirano kao turnir po [[Švicarski sistem|švicarskom sistemu]] izuzev 1997. i 1999, kad je korišten nokaut-format. 2004. turnir je vraćen na Bergerov sistem; najjači igrači u državi imali su direktnu kvalifikaciju za finale (zvano ''superfinale'') koje je održano u Moskvi dok su ostali igrači plasman morali izboriti kroz kvalifikacijske turnire. :{| class="sortable wikitable" ! # !! Godina !! Grad !! Pobjednik !! Referenca |- | 45. || 1992. || [[Orjol]] || [[Aleksej Gavrilov (šahist)|Aleksej Gavrilov]] || [http://al20102007.narod.ru/ch_urs/1992/ch_rus92.html] |- | 46. || 1993. || [[Tjumen]] || [[Aleksej Bezgodov]] || [http://al20102007.narod.ru/ch_urs/1993/ch_rus93.html] |- | 47. || 1994. || [[Elista]] || [[Pjotr Svidler]] || [http://al20102007.narod.ru/ch_urs/1994/ch_rus94.html] |- | 48. || 1995. || [[Elista]] || [[Pjotr Svidler]] || |- | 49. || 1996. || [[Elista]] || [[Aleksandar Halifman]] || |- | 50. || 1997. || [[Elista]] || [[Pjotr Svidler]] || [https://web.archive.org/web/20131228131534/http://www.pressa.spb.ru/newspapers/nevrem/arts/nevrem-1506-art-22.html] |- | 51. || 1998. || [[Sankt Peterburg]] || [[Aleksandar Morozevič]] || [http://www.ruschess.com/Archive/1998/RUS/main.html] |- | 52. || 1999. || [[Moskva]] || [[Konstantin Sakajev]] || |- | 53. || 2000. || [[Samara]] || [[Sergej Volkov (šahist)|Sergej Volkov]] || [http://www.ruschess.com/Archive/2000/Russian/table.html] |- | 54. || 2001. || [[Elista]] || [[Aleksandar Motiljov]] (dodatni kriterij u odnosu na [[Aleksandar Lastin|Aleksandra Lastina]]) || [http://www.chesscenter.com/twic/twic340.html#13] |- | 55. || 2002. || [[Krasnodar]] || [[Aleksandar Lastin]] || [http://www.chesscenter.com/twic/twic410.html#7] |- | 56. || 2003. || [[Krasnojarsk]] || [[Pjotr Svidler]] (dodatni kriterij u odnosu na [[Aleksandar Morozevič|Morozeviča]]) || [http://www.chesscenter.com/twic/twic462.html#2] |- | 57. || 2004. || [[Moskva]] || [[Gari Kasparov]] || [http://www.chesscenter.com/twic/twic525.html#2] |- | 58. || 2005. || [[Moskva]] || [[Sergej Rubljevski]] || [http://www.chesscenter.com/twic/twic582.html#2] |- | 59. || 2006. || [[Moskva]] || [[Jevgenij Aleksejev (šahist)|Jevgenij Aleksejev]] (nakon razigravanja protiv [[Dmitrij Jakovenko|Dmitrija Jakovenka]]) || [http://www.chesscenter.com/twic/twic632.html#2] |- | 60. || 2007. || [[Moskva]] || [[Aleksandar Morozevič]] || [http://www.chesscenter.com/twic/twic686.html#2] |- | 61. || 2008. || [[Moskva]] || [[Pjotr Svidler]] (nakon razigravanja protiv [[Jevgenij Aleksejev (šahist)|J. Aleksejeva]] i [[Dmitrij Jakovenko|Jakovenka]]) || [http://www.chesscenter.com/twic/twic730.html#4] |- | 62. || 2009. || [[Moskva]] || [[Aleksandar Griščuk]] || [http://www.chess.co.uk/twic/chessnews/events/russian-championships-information-2009] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821115657/http://www.chess.co.uk/twic/chessnews/events/russian-championships-information-2009 |date=21. 8. 2011 }} |- | 63. || 2010. || [[Moskva]] || [[Jan Nepomnjašči]] (nakon razigravanja protiv [[Sergej Karjakin|Sergeja Karjakina]]) || [https://web.archive.org/web/20101224203717/http://www.chessvibes.com/reports/first-russian-title-for-nepomniachtchi/] |- | 64. || 2011. || [[Moskva]] || [[Pjotr Svidler]] || [http://www.chess.co.uk/twic/chessnews/events/russian-championships-super-final-2011] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020133544/http://www.chess.co.uk/twic/chessnews/events/russian-championships-super-final-2011 |date=20. 10. 2011 }} |- | 65. || 2012. || [[Moskva]] || [[Dmitrij Andrejkin]] (nakon brzopoteznog razigravanja protiv [[Sergej Karjakin|Karjakina]], [[Dmitrij Jakovenko|Jakovenka]], [[Vladimir Potkin|Potkina]], [[Jevgenij Aleksejev (šahist)|J. Aleksejeva]] i [[Pjotr Svidler|Svidlera]]) || [http://www.chess.co.uk/twic/chessnews/events/65th-russian-chess-championships-2012] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20130420015539/http://www.chess.co.uk/twic/chessnews/events/65th-russian-chess-championships-2012 |date=20. 4. 2013 }} |- | 66. || 2013. || [[Njižni Novgorod]] || [[Pjotr Svidler]] (nakon razigravanja protiv [[Jan Nepomnjašči|Nepomnjaščija]]) || [http://www.theweekinchess.com/chessnews/events/66th-russian-championship-super-final-2013] |- | 67. || 2014. || [[Kazanj]] || [[Igor Lisi]] || [http://www.chessdom.com/lysyj-and-gunina-become-2014-russian-champions/] |- | 68. || 2015. || [[Čita (Rusija)|Čita]] || [[Jevgenij Tomaševski]] || [http://www.chessdom.com/tomashevsky-and-goriachkina-are-russias-chess-champions-photos/] |- | 69. || 2016. || [[Novosibirsk]] || [[Aleksandar Rjazancev]] || |- | 70. || 2017. || [[Sankt Peterburg]] || [[Pjotr Svidler]] {{small|(8)}} (nakon razigravanja protiv [[Nikita Vitjugov|Nikite Vitjugova]]) || |- | 71. || 2018. || [[Satka]] || [[Dmitrij Andrejkin]] {{small|(2)}} (nakon razigravanja protiv [[Dmitrij Jakovenko|Dmitrija Jakovenka]]) || |} == Žene == :{| class="sortable wikitable" ! # !! Godina !! Grad !! Pobjednica |- | 1. || 1992. || ? || [[Svjetlana Prudnjikova]] |- | 2. || 1993. || ? || [[Ljudmila Zajceva]] |- | 3. || 1994. || [[Elista]] || [[Jekaterina Kovaljevska]] |- | 4. || 1995. || [[Elista]] || [[Julia Demina]] |- | 5. || 1996. || [[Elista]] || [[Ljudmila Zajceva]] |- | 6. || 1997. || [[Elista]] || [[Alisa Galijamova]] |- | 7. || 1998. || [[Elista]] || [[Svjetlana Prudnjikova]] |- | 8. || 1999. || [[Moskva]] || [[Julija Demina]] |- | 9. || 2000. || [[Elista]] || [[Jekaterina Kovaljevska]] |- | 10. || 2001. || [[Elista]] || [[Olga Zimina]] |- | 11. || 2002. || [[Elista]] || [[Tatjana Kosinceva]] |- | 12. || 2003. || [[Elista]] || [[Irina Slavina Turova]] |- | 13. || 2004. || [[Kazanj]] || [[Tatjana Kosinceva]] |- | 14. || 2005. || [[Samara]] || [[Aleksandra Kostenjuk]] |- | 15. || 2006. || [[Gorodec]] || [[Jekaterina Korbut]] |- | 16. || 2007. || [[Moskva]] || [[Tatjana Kosinceva]] |- | 17. || 2008. || [[Moskva]] || [[Nadežda Kosinceva]] |- | 18. || 2009. || [[Moskva]] || [[Alisa Galijamova]] |- | 19. || 2010. || [[Moskva]] || [[Alisa Galijamova]] |- | 20. || 2011. || [[Moskva]] || [[Valentina Gunjina]] |- | 21. || 2012. || [[Moskva]] || [[Natalija Pogonjina]] |- | 22. || 2013. || [[Njižni Novgorod]] || [[Valentina Gunjina]] |- | 23. || 2014. || [[Kazanj]] || [[Valentina Gunjina]] |- | 24. || 2015. || [[Čita (Rusija)|Čita]] || [[Aleksandra Gorjačkina]] |- | 25. || 2016. || [[Novosibirsk]] || [[Aleksandra Kostenjuk]] |- | 26. || 2017. || [[Sankt Peterburg]] || [[Aleksandra Gorjačkina]] |- | 27. || 2018. || [[Satka]] || [[Natalija Pogonjina]] |} == Reference == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091020001301/http://geocities.com/al2055Km/index.html RUSBASE (5. dio) 1919-1937,1991-1994] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091021073406/http://geocities.com/al2055perv/index.html RUSBASE (4. dio) 1938-1960] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091027071522/http://www.geocities.com/al2055mag/index.html RUSBASE (3. dio), 1961-1969,1985-1990] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091021134601/http://geocities.com/al2055urs/index.html RUSBASE (2. dio) 1970-1984] * Bill Wall, [https://web.archive.org/web/20091028082847/http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Lab/7378/russia.htm Šahovska historija Rusije] * [http://www.chesscenter.com/twic/twic.html The Week in Chess] * [http://chessmetrics.com/cm/ Chessmetrics] * [http://www.chessbase.com/newsdetail.asp?newsid=4350 Detalji o izdanju iz 2007.] {{Nacionalna šahovska prvenstva}} [[Kategorija:Šah u Rusiji|Prvenstvo]] [[Kategorija:Šahovska muška nacionalna prvenstva|Rusko]] [[Kategorija:Šahovska ženska nacionalna prvenstva|Rusko]] [[Kategorija:Sportska takmičenja u Rusiji|Šahovsko prvenstvo]] sxjdibqeo7fsy2389zkthmogsep6lv9 0 353686 3426974 3383733 2022-08-01T21:28:00Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 3 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki Ovo je spisak svih pobjednika '''Prvenstva [[SSSR]]-a u [[šah]]u'''. To je bilo najjače nacionalno šahovsko prvenstvo ikad, sa 8 [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u šahu|svjetskih prvaka]] i 4 finalista svjetskih prvenstava među svojim pobjednicima. Sovjetsko prvenstvo igralo se po [[Bergerov sistem|Bergerovom sistemu]] izuzev 35. i 58. izdanja, kad se igralo po [[Švicarski sistem|švicarskom sistemu]]. :{|class="wikitable" |- ! Br. !! Datum !! Mjesto !! Pobjednik !! Rezultat!! Napomene |- |1. ||4–24. 10. 1920. || [[Moskva]] | [[Aleksandar Aljehin]] || 12/15 (+9 −0 =6) |Poznat kao Sveruska šahovska olimpijada u to vrijeme, ovaj turnir <br> kasnije je priznat kao 1. prvenstvo SSSR-a. |- |2. ||8–24. 7. 1923. || [[Petrograd]] | [[Petar Romanovski]] ||10/12 (+9 −1 =2) | |- |3. ||23. 8–15. 9. 1924. || [[Moskva]] |[[Efim Bogoljubov]] || 15/17 (+13 −0 =4) | |- |4. ||11. 8–6. 9. 1925. ||[[Lenjingrad]] | [[Efim Bogoljubov]] ||14/19 (+11 −2 =6) | |- |5. ||26. 9–25. 10. 1927. || |[[Moskva]] |[[Fjodor Bogatirčuk]] <br> [[Petar Romanovski]] |14½/20 (+10 −1 =9) <br> 14½/20 (+12 −3 =5) | |- |6. || 2–20. 9. 1929. || [[Odesa]] |[[Boris Verlinski]] || 5½/8 (+4 −1 =3), <br> 4/5 (+4 −1 =0) <br> i 3½/4 (+3 −0 =1) |Turnir je održan u 3 faze. |- |7. || 10.10–11. 11. 1931. || [[Moskva]] |[[Mihail Botvinik]] || 13½/17 (+12 −2 =3) | |- |8. || 16. 8–9. 9. 1933. || [[Lenjingrad]] | [[Mihail Botvinik]] || 14/19 (+11 −2 =6) | |- |9. || 7. 12. 1934–2. 1. 1935. || [[Lenjingrad]] |[[Grigorij Levenfiš]] <br> [[Ilja Rabinovič]] |12/19 (+8 −3 =8) <br> 12/19 (+9 −4 =6) | |- |10. || 12. 4–14. 5. 1937. || [[Tbilisi]] | [[Grigorij Levenfiš]] || 12½/19 (+9 −3 =7) | |- |11. || 15. 4–16. 5. 1939. || [[Lenjingrad]] | [[Mihail Botvinik]] || 12½/17 (+8 −0 =9) | |- |12. || 5. 9–3. 10. 1940. || [[Moskva]] |[[Andor Lilienthal]] <br> [[Igor Bondarevski]] |13½/19 (+8 −0 =11) <br> 13½/19 (+10 −2 =7) |[[Mihail Botvinik]] pobijedio je na Apsolutnom prvenstvu, <br>23. 3–29. 4. 1941, Lenjingrad/Moskva, 13½/20 (+9 −2 =9) |- |13. || 21. 5–17. 6. 1944. || [[Moskva]] | [[Mihail Botvinnik]] || 12½/16 (+11 −2 =3) | |- |14. || 1. 6–3. 7. 1945. || |[[Moskva]] | [[Mihail Botvinik]] ||15/17 (+13 −0 =4) | |- |15. ||2. 2–8. 3. 1947. || [[Lenjingrad]] |[[Paul Keres]] || 14/19 (+10 −1 =8) | |- |16. ||10. 11–13. 12. 1948. || [[Moskva]] |[[David Bronštejn]] <br> [[Aleksandar Kotov]] |12/18 (+7 −1 =10) <br> 12/18 (+10 −4 =4) | |- |17. || 16. 10–20. 11. 1949. || [[Moskva]] |[[Vasilij Smislov]] <br> [[David Bronštejn]] |13/19 (+9 −2 =8) <br> 13/19 (+8 −1 =10) | |- |18. || 10. 11–12. 12. 1950. || [[Moskva]] |[[Paul Keres]] || 11½/17 (+8 −2 =7) | |- |19. || 11. 11–14. 12. 1951. || [[Moskva]] |[[Paul Keres]] ||12/17 (+9 −2 =6) | |- |20. || 29. 11–29. 12. 1952. || [[Moskva]] |[[Mihail Botvinik]] ||13½/19 (+9 −1 =9) |Botvinik je u razigravanju porazio [[Mark Tajmanov|Tajmanova]] +2 −1 =3.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chesscollection?cid=1014789 |title=USSR Championship 1952 |publisher=Chessgames.com |date=5. 2. 1953 |accessdate=26. 5. 2012}}</ref> |- |21. || 7. 1–7. 2. 1954. || [[Kijev]] |[[Jurij Averbah]] || 14½/19 (+10 −0 =9) | |- |22. || 11. 2–15. 3. 1955. || [[Moskva]] |[[Efim Geler]] || 12/19 (+10 −5 =4) |Geler je u razigravanju porazio [[Vasilij Smislov|Smislova]] +1 =6. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chesscollection?cid=1016547 |title=USSR Championship 1955 |publisher=Chessgames.com |date= |accessdate=26. 5. 2012}}</ref> |- |23. || 10. 1–15. 2. 1956. || [[Lenjingrad]] |[[Mark Tajmanov]] || 11½/17 (+8 −2 =7) |Tajmanov je u razigravanju porazio [[Boris Spaski|Spaskog]] i [[Jurij Averbah|Averbaha]]. |- |24. || 20. 1–22. 2. 1957. || [[Moskva]] |[[Mihail Talj]] ||14/21 (+9 −2 =10) | |- |25. || 12. 1–14. 2. 1958. || [[Riga]] |[[Mihail Talj]] ||12½/18 (+10 −3 =5) | |- |26. || 9. 1–11. 2. 1959. || [[Tbilisi]] |[[Tigran Petrosjan]] ||13½/19 (+8 −0 =11) | |- |27. || 26. 1–26. 2. 1960. || [[Lenjingrad]] |[[Viktor Korčnoj]] ||14/19 (+12 −3 =4) | |- |28. || 11. 1–11. 2. 1961. ||[[Moskva]] |[[Tigran Petrosjan]] ||13½/19 (+9 −1 =9) | |- |29. ||16. 11–12. 12. 1961. ||[[Baku]] |[[Boris Spaski]] ||14½/20 (+10 −1 =9) | |- |30. || 21. 11–20. 12. 1962. ||[[Erevan]] |[[Viktor Korčnoj]] || 14/19 (+10 −1 =8) | |- |31. || 23. 11–27. 12. 1963. || [[Lenjingrad]] |[[Leonid Štejn]] || 12/19 (+6 −1 =12) |Štejn je u razigravanju porazio [[Boris Spaski|Spaskog]] i [[Ratmir Holmov|Holmova]]. |- |32. ||25. 12. 1964–27. 1. 1965. || [[Kijev]] |[[Viktor Korčnoj]] ||15/19 (+11 −0 =8) | |- |33. || 21. 11–24. 12. 1965. || [[Tallinn]] |[[Leonid Štejn]] ||14/19 (+10 −1 =8) | |- |34. ||28. 12. 1966–2. 2. 1967. || [[Tbilisi]] |[[Leonid Štejn]] ||13/20 (+8 −2 =10) | |- |35. ||7–26. 12. 1967. ||[[Harkiv]] |[[Lav Polugajevski]] <br> [[Mihail Talj]] ||10/13 <br> 10/13 |Turnir se igrao po švicarskom sistemu; učestvovalo je 126 igrača. |- |36. ||30. 12. 1968–1. 2. 1969. ||[[Alma-Ata]] | [[Lav Polugajevski]] <br> [[Aleksandar Zajcev (šahist)|Aleksandar Zajcev]] |12½/19 (+7 −1 =11) <br> 12½/19 (+6 =13) |Polugajevski je u razigravanju porazio Zajceva +2 −1 =3.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chesscollection?cid=1014897 |title=USSR Championship 1968/69 |publisher=Chessgames.com |date= |accessdate=26. 5. 2012}}</ref> |- |37. || 6. 9–12. 10. 1969. ||[[Moskva]] |[[Tigran Petrosjan]] ||14/22 (+6 −0 =16) |Petrosjan je porazio Polugajevskog u razigravanju održanom u februaru 1970 +2 =3.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chesscollection?cid=1016637 |title=USSR Championship 1969 |publisher=Chessgames.com |date=12. 10. 1969 |accessdate=26. 5. 2012}}</ref> |- |38. || 25. 11.–28. 12. 1970. || [[Riga]] |[[Viktor Korčnoj]] ||16/21 (+12 −1 =8) | |- |39. ||15 Sep–17&nbsp;Oct 1971. || [[Lenjingrad]] |[[Vladimir Savon]] || 15/21 (+9 −0 =12) | |- |40. || 16. 11–19. 12. 1972. || [[Baku]] | [[Mihail Talj]] || 15/21 (+9 −0 =12) | |- |41. || 1–27. 10. 1973. || [[Moskva]] | [[Boris Spaski]] ||11½/17 (+7 −1 =9) | |- |42. || 30. 11–23. 12. 1974. || [[Lenjingrad]] |[[Aleksandar Bjeljavski]] <br> [[Mihail Talj]] ||9½/15 (+6 −2 =7) <br> 9½/15 (+6 −2 =7) | |- |43. || 28. 11–22. 12. 1975. || [[Erevan]] | [[Tigran Petrosjan]] || 10/15 (+6 −1 =8) | |- |44. |26. 11–24. 12. 1976. || [[Moskva]] |[[Anatolij Karpov]] || 12/17 (+8 −1 =8) | |- |45. || 28. 11–22. 12. 1977. || [[Lenjingrad]] |[[Boris Gulko]] <br> [[Josif Dorfman]] || 9½/15 (+4 −0 =11) <br> 9½/15 (+4 −0 =11) |Razigravanje, održano 1978, bilo je neriješeno: +1 −1 =4.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chesscollection?cid=1016615 |title=USSR Championship 1977 |publisher=Chessgames.com |date=22. 12. 1977 |accessdate=26. 5. 2012}}</ref> |- |46. || 1–28. 12. 1978. || [[Tbilisi]] |[[Mihail Talj]] <br> [[Vitalij Ceškovski]] |11/17 (+5 −0 =12) <br> 11/17 (+6 −1 =10) | |- |47. || 29. 11–27. 12. 1979. || [[Minsk]] | [[Efim Geler]] || 11½/17 (+6 −0 =11) | |- |48. || 25. 12. 1980–21. 1. 1981. || [[Vilnius]] |[[Lav Psahis]] <br> [[Aleksandar Bjeljavski]] | 10½/17 (+8 −4 =5) <br> 10½/17 (+6 −2 =9) | |- |49. || 27. 11–22. 12. 1981. || [[Frunze]] |[[Gari Kasparov]] <br> [[Lav Psahis]] |12½/17 (+10 −2 =5) <br> 12½/17 (+9 −1 =7) | |- |50. || 2–28. 4. 1983. || [[Moskva]] | [[Anatolij Karpov]] || 9½/15 (+5 −1 =9) | |- |51. || 2–28. 4. 1984. || [[Lavov]] |[[Andrej Sokolov]] || 12½/17 (+8 −0 =9) | |- |52. || 22. 1–19. 2. 1985. || [[Riga]] |[[Viktor Gavrikov]] <br> [[Mihail Gurevič (šahist)|Mihail Gurevič]] <br> [[Aleksandar Černjin]] |11/19 (+4 −1 =14) <br> 11/19 (+6 −3 =10) <br> 11/19 (+5 −2 =12) | |- |53. || 4–28. 2. 1986. || [[Kijev]] | [[Vitalij Ceškovski]] || 11/17 (+6 −1 =10) | |- |54. || 4–29. 3. 1987. || [[Minsk]] | [[Aleksandar Bjeljavski]] || 11/17 (+7 −2 =8) |Bjeljavski je u razigravanju porazio [[Valerij Salov|Salova]] +2 =2.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chesscollection?cid=1016747 |title=USSR Championship 1987 |publisher=Chessgames.com |date= |accessdate=26. 5. 2012}}</ref> |- |55. || 25. 7–19. 8. 1988. || [[Moskva]] | [[Anatolij Karpov]] <br> [[Gari Kasparov]] |11½/17 (+6 −0 =11) <br> 11½/17 (+6 −0 =11) | |- |56. || 22. 9.–16. 10. 1989. || [[Odesa]] |[[Rafael Vaganijan]] || 9/15 (+5 −2 =8) | |- |57. || 18. 10–3. 11. 1990. || [[Lenjingrad]] |[[Aleksandar Bjeljavski]] <br> [[Leonid Judasin]] <br> [[Jevgenij Barejev]] <br> [[Aleksej Vižmanavin]] |8½/13 (+5 −1 =7) <br> 8½/13 (+4 −0 =9) <br> 8½/13 (+6 −2 =5) <br> 8½/13 (+5 −1 =7) | |- |58. || 1–13. 11. 1991. || [[Moskva]] |[[Artašes Minasijan]] || 8½/11 (+7 −1 =3) |Minasijan je ovaj turnir po švicarskom sistemu osvojio <br> na osnovu dodatnog kriterija u odnosu na [[Elmar Mageramov|Mageramova]]. |} Najviše pobjeda: *6 titula: [[Mihail Botvinik]], [[Mihail Talj]] *4 titule: [[Tigran Petrosjan]], [[Viktor Korčnoj]], [[Aleksandar Bjeljavski]] *3 titule: [[Paul Keres]], [[Leonid Štejn]], [[Lav Polugajevski]], [[Anatolij Karpov]] == Također pogledajte == * [[Prvenstvo SSSR-a u šahu za žene]] * [[Prvenstvo Rusije u šahu]] == Reference == {{reflist}} *{{cite book|last=Soltis|first=Andrew|author-link=Andrew Soltis|title=Soviet Chess 1917-1991|year=1999|publisher=McFarland & Company|isbn=0-7864-0676-3}} *[http://members.aol.com/graemecree/chesschamps/ussr/index.htm The Soviet Chess Championship (1920-1991)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080128115927/http://members.aol.com/graemecree/chesschamps/ussr/index.htm |date=28. 1. 2008 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20091020001301/http://geocities.com/al2055Km/index.html RUSBASE (5. dio) 1919-1937,1991-1994] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021073406/http://geocities.com/al2055perv/index.html RUSBASE (4. dio) 1938-1960] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20091027071522/http://www.geocities.com/al2055mag/index.html RUSBASE (3. dio), 1961-1969,1985-1990] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021134601/http://geocities.com/al2055urs/index.html RUSBASE (2. dio) 1970-1984] {{Nacionalna šahovska prvenstva}} [[Kategorija:Šahovska muška nacionalna prvenstva|SSSR]] [[Kategorija:Šah u Sovjetskom Savezu|Prvenstvo]] [[Kategorija:Sportska takmičenja u Sovjetskom Savezu]] h4e70q3315qa7ujyxgv5j5ak49ruo85 0 363381 3426885 3348002 2022-08-01T12:01:21Z Future-Trunks 107009 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija biciklistička utrka | ime = Clásica de San Sebastián | slika = <!-- **** Detalji utrke **** --> | vrijeme_održavanja = August | regija = [[Baskija (autonomna zajednica)|Baskija]] | lokalni_naziv = Donostia-Donostia Klasikoa ([[baskijski jezik|baskijski]]) | nadimak = | disciplina = [[Cestovni biciklizam|Cesta]] | takmičenje = [[UCI Svjetska turneja]] | vrsta_utrke = Jednodnevna | organizator = | direktor_utrke = <!-- **** Historija **** --> | prvo_izdanje = [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1981.|1981.]] | dosad_održano = 41 (do [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2022.|2022]]) | prvi_pobjednik = {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | najviše_pobjeda = {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] (3) | posljednji_pobjednik = {{ZD|BEL}} [[Remco Evenepoel]] | web = {{URL|www.klasikoa.eus/}} }} '''Clásica de San Sebastián''' ili '''Donostia-Donostia Klasikoa''' [[biciklizam|biciklistička]] je utrka koja se svakog ljeta održava u [[San Sebastián]]u u [[Španija|Španiji]]. To je tradicionalno brdska utrka, a osvajali su je neki od najpoznatijih biciklista. Poznata je po spektakularnom pogledu na [[obala|obalu]], valovitom terenu i krivudavoj ruti, što snažno favorizira agresivnu vožnju. Dužina utrke iznosi 220–225&nbsp;km, a trenutna ruta uključuje teški uspon na [[Jaizkibel]]u, koji je blizu 200. kilometra. To je obično odlučujuća dionica. Clásica de San Sebastián bila je dio [[Svjetski kup u cestovnom biciklizmu|Svjetskog kupa]] (koji je postojao od 1989. do 2004), a nakon toga je postala dio njegovog nasljednika, [[UCI ProTour]]a, te zatim [[UCI Svjetska turneja|UCI Svjetske turneje]] (od 2011). == Pobjednici == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size|95%" |- style="background|#ccccff;" | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Godina''' | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Pobjednik''' | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Drugi''' | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Treći''' |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1981.|1981.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|VB}} [[Graham Jones (biciklist)|Graham Jones]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Faustino Rupérez]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1982.|1982.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Jesús Rodríguez Magro]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pedro Delgado]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1983.|1983.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Claude Criquielion]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Antonio Coll]] | {{ZD|SRNJ}} [[Reimund Dietzen]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1984.|1984.]] | {{ZD|ŠVI}} [[Niki Rüttimann]] | {{ZD|SRNJ}} [[Reimund Dietzen]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Celestino Prieto]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1985.|1985.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Adrie van der Poel]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Iñaki Gastón]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Juan Fernández Martín]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1986.|1986.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Iñaki Gastón]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Juan Fernández Martín]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1987.|1987.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Ángel Arroyo]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Federico Echave]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1988.|1988.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Gert-Jan Theunisse]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Enrique Aja]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Steven Rooks]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1989.|1989.]] | {{ZD|AUT}} [[Gerhard Zadrobilek]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Francisco Antequera]] | {{ZD|ŠVI}} [[Tony Rominger]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1990.|1990.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Miguel Indurain]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Laurent Jalabert]] | {{ZD|IRS}} [[Sean Kelly (biciklist)|Sean Kelly]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1991.|1991.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Gianni Bugno]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pedro Delgado]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Maurizio Fondriest]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1992.|1992.]] | {{ZD|MEX}} [[Raúl Alcalá]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Claudio Chiappucci]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Eddy Bouwmans]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1993.|1993.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Claudio Chiappucci]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Gianni Faresin]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Alberto Volpi]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1994.|1994.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Armand de Las Cuevas]] | {{ZD|SAD}} [[Lance Armstrong]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Della Santa]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1995.|1995.]] | {{ZD|SAD}} [[Lance Armstrong]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Della Santa]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Johan Museeuw]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1996.|1996.]] | {{ZD|NJE}} [[Udo Bölts]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Cattai]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Massimo Podenzana]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1997.|1997.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] | {{ZD|RUS}} [[Aleksandar Gončenkov]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Colagè]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1998.|1998.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Francesco Casagrande]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Axel Merckx]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Leonardo Piepoli]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1999.|1999.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Francesco Casagrande]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Rik Verbrugghe]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Giuliano Figueras]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2000.|2000.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Erik Dekker]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Andreï Tchmil]] | {{ZD|LAT}} [[Romāns Vainšteins]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2001.|2001.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Laurent Jalabert]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Francesco Casagrande]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2002.|2002.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Laurent Jalabert]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Igor Astarloa]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Gabriele Missaglia]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2003.|2003.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Paolo Bettini]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Ivan Basso]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Danilo Di Luca]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2004.|2004.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Miguel Ángel Martín Perdiguero]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Paolo Bettini]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2005.|2005.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Constantino Zaballa]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Joaquim Rodríguez]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Eddy Mazzoleni]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2006.|2006.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Xavier Florencio]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Garzelli]] | {{ZD|KAZ}} [[Andrej Kašečkin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2007.|2007.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Leonardo Bertagnolli]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Juan Manuel Gárate]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2008.|2008.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] | {{ZD|RUS}} [[Aleksandar Kolobnjev]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2009.|2009.]] | {{ZD|ČEŠ}} [[Roman Kreuziger]]{{Napomena|[[Carlos Barredo|Carlosu Barredu]], koji je 2009. pobijedio, a 2011. bio drugi, [[UCI]] je u julu 2014. poništio rezultate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cyclingnews.com/news/menchov-case-an-example-of-the-ucis-new-way-of-communicating-on-doping-violations |publisher=cyclingnews.com| title= Menchov case an example of the UCI's "new way of communicating" on doping violations|date=13. 7. 2014 |access-date = 15. 7. 2014}}</ref>}} | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Mickaël Delage]] | {{ZD|SLK}} [[Peter Velits]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2010.|2010.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Luis León Sánchez]] | {{ZD|KAZ}} [[Aleksandar Vinokurov]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Carlos Sastre]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2011.|2011.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Philippe Gilbert (biciklist)|Philippe Gilbert]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Greg Van Avermaet]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Joaquim Rodríguez]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2012.|2012.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Luis León Sánchez]] | {{ZD|AUS}} [[Simon Gerrans]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Gianni Meersman]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2013.|2013.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Tony Gallopin]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] | {{ZD|ČEŠ}} [[Roman Kreuziger]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2014.|2014.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Joaquim Rodríguez]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2015.|2015.]] | {{ZD|VB}} [[Adam Yates (biciklist)|Adam Yates]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Philippe Gilbert]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2016.|2016.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Tony Gallopin]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2017.|2017.]] | {{ZD|POLJ}} [[Michał Kwiatkowski (biciklist)|Michał Kwiatkowski]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Tony Gallopin]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2018.|2018.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Julian Alaphilippe]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Anthony Roux]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2019.|2019.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Remco Evenepoel]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Greg Van Avermaet]] | {{ZD|ŠVI}} [[Marc Hirschi]] |- |2020. |colspan=3 align=center|''otkazana zbog [[Pandemija COVID-a 19|pandemije COVID-a 19]]''<ref>{{cite web |url= https://cyclingpro.net/spaziociclismo/continental/coronavirus-calendario-stravolto-lelenco-delle-corse-cancellate/|title= Coronavirus, calendario stravolto: l’elenco delle corse cancellate}} {{it simbol}}</ref> |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2021.|2021.]] | {{ZD|SAD}} [[Neilson Powless]] | {{ZD|SLO}} [[Matej Mohorič]] | {{ZD|DAN}} [[Mikkel Frølich Honoré]] |} {{Napomene}} == Višestruki pobjednici == ''Kurzivom su označeni aktivni biciklisti.'' {| class="wikitable" ! Pobjede || Vozač || Godine |- | <center> 3 || {{flagathlete|[[Marino Lejarreta]]|ŠPA}} || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1981.|1981]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1982.|1982]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1987.|1987.]] |- | rowspan= 4 | <center> 2 || {{flagathlete|[[Francesco Casagrande]]|ITA}} || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1998.|1998]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1999.|1999.]] |- |{{flagathlete|[[Laurent Jalabert]]|FRA}} || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2001.|2001]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2002.|2002.]] |- |''{{flagathlete|[[Luis León Sanchez]]|ŠPA}}'' || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2010.|2010]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2012.|2012.]] |- ||''{{flagathlete|[[Alejandro Valverde]]|ŠPA}}'' || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2008.|2008]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2014.|2014.]] |} == Pobjede po državama == {| class="wikitable" ! Pobjede|| Država |- | <center> 13|| {{ZID|Španija}} |- | <center> 7|| {{ZID|Italija}} |- | <center> 5|| {{ZID|Francuska}} |- | <center> 4|| {{ZID|Nizozemska}} |- | <center> 3|| {{ZID|Belgija}} |- | <center> 2|| {{ZID|SAD}} |- | <center> 1|| {{ZID|Austrija}}, {{ZID|Meksiko}}, {{ZID|Njemačka}},<br/>{{ZID|Poljska}}, {{ZID|Švicarska}}, {{ZID|Velika Britanija}} |} == Ženska utrka == Godine 2019. dodana je [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2019.|ženska utrka]],<ref>{{cite web |url= https://women.klasikoa.eus/ |website= Donostiako Klasikoa |access-date= 31. 7. 2019 |title= Clásica San Sebastián Feminina |archive-date= 27. 7. 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190727172752/https://women.klasikoa.eus/ |url-status= dead}}</ref> koja je bila duga 127&nbsp;km, a pratila je rutu sličnu ruti muške utrke, uključujući uspon na Jaizkibelu. == Reference == {{refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.cyclingarchives.com/wedstrijdfiche.php?wedstrijdid=106 Rezultati i ruta] na ''Cycling Archivesu'' {{Clasica de San Sebastian}} {{UCI Svjetska turneja}} [[Kategorija:Clásica de San Sebastián]] [[Kategorija:Biciklističke utrke u Španiji]] 4v3ax0ogka7pigyqwxsffuvu2ntxc32 3426887 3426885 2022-08-01T12:02:34Z Future-Trunks 107009 /* Pobjednici */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija biciklistička utrka | ime = Clásica de San Sebastián | slika = <!-- **** Detalji utrke **** --> | vrijeme_održavanja = August | regija = [[Baskija (autonomna zajednica)|Baskija]] | lokalni_naziv = Donostia-Donostia Klasikoa ([[baskijski jezik|baskijski]]) | nadimak = | disciplina = [[Cestovni biciklizam|Cesta]] | takmičenje = [[UCI Svjetska turneja]] | vrsta_utrke = Jednodnevna | organizator = | direktor_utrke = <!-- **** Historija **** --> | prvo_izdanje = [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1981.|1981.]] | dosad_održano = 41 (do [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2022.|2022]]) | prvi_pobjednik = {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | najviše_pobjeda = {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] (3) | posljednji_pobjednik = {{ZD|BEL}} [[Remco Evenepoel]] | web = {{URL|www.klasikoa.eus/}} }} '''Clásica de San Sebastián''' ili '''Donostia-Donostia Klasikoa''' [[biciklizam|biciklistička]] je utrka koja se svakog ljeta održava u [[San Sebastián]]u u [[Španija|Španiji]]. To je tradicionalno brdska utrka, a osvajali su je neki od najpoznatijih biciklista. Poznata je po spektakularnom pogledu na [[obala|obalu]], valovitom terenu i krivudavoj ruti, što snažno favorizira agresivnu vožnju. Dužina utrke iznosi 220–225&nbsp;km, a trenutna ruta uključuje teški uspon na [[Jaizkibel]]u, koji je blizu 200. kilometra. To je obično odlučujuća dionica. Clásica de San Sebastián bila je dio [[Svjetski kup u cestovnom biciklizmu|Svjetskog kupa]] (koji je postojao od 1989. do 2004), a nakon toga je postala dio njegovog nasljednika, [[UCI ProTour]]a, te zatim [[UCI Svjetska turneja|UCI Svjetske turneje]] (od 2011). == Pobjednici == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size|95%" |- style="background|#ccccff;" | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Godina''' | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Pobjednik''' | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Drugi''' | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Treći''' |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1981.|1981.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|VB}} [[Graham Jones (biciklist)|Graham Jones]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Faustino Rupérez]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1982.|1982.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Jesús Rodríguez Magro]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pedro Delgado]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1983.|1983.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Claude Criquielion]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Antonio Coll]] | {{ZD|SRNJ}} [[Reimund Dietzen]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1984.|1984.]] | {{ZD|ŠVI}} [[Niki Rüttimann]] | {{ZD|SRNJ}} [[Reimund Dietzen]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Celestino Prieto]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1985.|1985.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Adrie van der Poel]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Iñaki Gastón]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Juan Fernández Martín]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1986.|1986.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Iñaki Gastón]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Juan Fernández Martín]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1987.|1987.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Ángel Arroyo]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Federico Echave]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1988.|1988.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Gert-Jan Theunisse]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Enrique Aja]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Steven Rooks]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1989.|1989.]] | {{ZD|AUT}} [[Gerhard Zadrobilek]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Francisco Antequera]] | {{ZD|ŠVI}} [[Tony Rominger]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1990.|1990.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Miguel Indurain]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Laurent Jalabert]] | {{ZD|IRS}} [[Sean Kelly (biciklist)|Sean Kelly]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1991.|1991.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Gianni Bugno]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pedro Delgado]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Maurizio Fondriest]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1992.|1992.]] | {{ZD|MEX}} [[Raúl Alcalá]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Claudio Chiappucci]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Eddy Bouwmans]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1993.|1993.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Claudio Chiappucci]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Gianni Faresin]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Alberto Volpi]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1994.|1994.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Armand de Las Cuevas]] | {{ZD|SAD}} [[Lance Armstrong]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Della Santa]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1995.|1995.]] | {{ZD|SAD}} [[Lance Armstrong]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Della Santa]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Johan Museeuw]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1996.|1996.]] | {{ZD|NJE}} [[Udo Bölts]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Cattai]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Massimo Podenzana]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1997.|1997.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] | {{ZD|RUS}} [[Aleksandar Gončenkov]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Colagè]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1998.|1998.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Francesco Casagrande]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Axel Merckx]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Leonardo Piepoli]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1999.|1999.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Francesco Casagrande]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Rik Verbrugghe]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Giuliano Figueras]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2000.|2000.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Erik Dekker]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Andreï Tchmil]] | {{ZD|LAT}} [[Romāns Vainšteins]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2001.|2001.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Laurent Jalabert]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Francesco Casagrande]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2002.|2002.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Laurent Jalabert]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Igor Astarloa]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Gabriele Missaglia]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2003.|2003.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Paolo Bettini]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Ivan Basso]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Danilo Di Luca]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2004.|2004.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Miguel Ángel Martín Perdiguero]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Paolo Bettini]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2005.|2005.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Constantino Zaballa]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Joaquim Rodríguez]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Eddy Mazzoleni]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2006.|2006.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Xavier Florencio]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Garzelli]] | {{ZD|KAZ}} [[Andrej Kašečkin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2007.|2007.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Leonardo Bertagnolli]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Juan Manuel Gárate]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2008.|2008.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] | {{ZD|RUS}} [[Aleksandar Kolobnjev]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2009.|2009.]] | {{ZD|ČEŠ}} [[Roman Kreuziger]]{{Napomena|[[Carlos Barredo|Carlosu Barredu]], koji je 2009. pobijedio, a 2011. bio drugi, [[UCI]] je u julu 2014. poništio rezultate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cyclingnews.com/news/menchov-case-an-example-of-the-ucis-new-way-of-communicating-on-doping-violations |publisher=cyclingnews.com| title= Menchov case an example of the UCI's "new way of communicating" on doping violations|date=13. 7. 2014 |access-date = 15. 7. 2014}}</ref>}} | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Mickaël Delage]] | {{ZD|SLK}} [[Peter Velits]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2010.|2010.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Luis León Sánchez]] | {{ZD|KAZ}} [[Aleksandar Vinokurov]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Carlos Sastre]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2011.|2011.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Philippe Gilbert (biciklist)|Philippe Gilbert]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Greg Van Avermaet]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Joaquim Rodríguez]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2012.|2012.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Luis León Sánchez]] | {{ZD|AUS}} [[Simon Gerrans]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Gianni Meersman]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2013.|2013.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Tony Gallopin]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] | {{ZD|ČEŠ}} [[Roman Kreuziger]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2014.|2014.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Joaquim Rodríguez]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2015.|2015.]] | {{ZD|VB}} [[Adam Yates (biciklist)|Adam Yates]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Philippe Gilbert]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2016.|2016.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Tony Gallopin]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2017.|2017.]] | {{ZD|POLJ}} [[Michał Kwiatkowski (biciklist)|Michał Kwiatkowski]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Tony Gallopin]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2018.|2018.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Julian Alaphilippe]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Anthony Roux]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2019.|2019.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Remco Evenepoel]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Greg Van Avermaet]] | {{ZD|ŠVI}} [[Marc Hirschi]] |- |2020. |colspan=3 align=center|''otkazana zbog [[Pandemija COVID-a 19|pandemije COVID-a 19]]''<ref>{{cite web |url= https://cyclingpro.net/spaziociclismo/continental/coronavirus-calendario-stravolto-lelenco-delle-corse-cancellate/|title= Coronavirus, calendario stravolto: l’elenco delle corse cancellate}} {{it simbol}}</ref> |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2021.|2021.]] | {{ZD|SAD}} [[Neilson Powless]] | {{ZD|SLO}} [[Matej Mohorič]] | {{ZD|DAN}} [[Mikkel Frølich Honoré]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2022.|2022.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Remco Evenepoel]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Pavel Sivakov]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Tiesj Benoot]] |} {{Napomene}} == Višestruki pobjednici == ''Kurzivom su označeni aktivni biciklisti.'' {| class="wikitable" ! Pobjede || Vozač || Godine |- | <center> 3 || {{flagathlete|[[Marino Lejarreta]]|ŠPA}} || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1981.|1981]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1982.|1982]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1987.|1987.]] |- | rowspan= 4 | <center> 2 || {{flagathlete|[[Francesco Casagrande]]|ITA}} || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1998.|1998]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1999.|1999.]] |- |{{flagathlete|[[Laurent Jalabert]]|FRA}} || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2001.|2001]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2002.|2002.]] |- |''{{flagathlete|[[Luis León Sanchez]]|ŠPA}}'' || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2010.|2010]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2012.|2012.]] |- ||''{{flagathlete|[[Alejandro Valverde]]|ŠPA}}'' || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2008.|2008]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2014.|2014.]] |} == Pobjede po državama == {| class="wikitable" ! Pobjede|| Država |- | <center> 13|| {{ZID|Španija}} |- | <center> 7|| {{ZID|Italija}} |- | <center> 5|| {{ZID|Francuska}} |- | <center> 4|| {{ZID|Nizozemska}} |- | <center> 3|| {{ZID|Belgija}} |- | <center> 2|| {{ZID|SAD}} |- | <center> 1|| {{ZID|Austrija}}, {{ZID|Meksiko}}, {{ZID|Njemačka}},<br/>{{ZID|Poljska}}, {{ZID|Švicarska}}, {{ZID|Velika Britanija}} |} == Ženska utrka == Godine 2019. dodana je [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2019.|ženska utrka]],<ref>{{cite web |url= https://women.klasikoa.eus/ |website= Donostiako Klasikoa |access-date= 31. 7. 2019 |title= Clásica San Sebastián Feminina |archive-date= 27. 7. 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190727172752/https://women.klasikoa.eus/ |url-status= dead}}</ref> koja je bila duga 127&nbsp;km, a pratila je rutu sličnu ruti muške utrke, uključujući uspon na Jaizkibelu. == Reference == {{refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.cyclingarchives.com/wedstrijdfiche.php?wedstrijdid=106 Rezultati i ruta] na ''Cycling Archivesu'' {{Clasica de San Sebastian}} {{UCI Svjetska turneja}} [[Kategorija:Clásica de San Sebastián]] [[Kategorija:Biciklističke utrke u Španiji]] jb5thnd2syvxsg3k8rnrc0lfzi0hb87 3426901 3426887 2022-08-01T12:59:50Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija biciklistička utrka | ime = Clásica de San Sebastián | slika = <!-- **** Detalji utrke **** --> | vrijeme_održavanja = August | regija = [[Baskija (autonomna zajednica)|Baskija]] | lokalni_naziv = Donostia-Donostia Klasikoa ([[baskijski jezik|baskijski]]) | nadimak = | disciplina = [[Cestovni biciklizam|Cesta]] | takmičenje = [[UCI Svjetska turneja]] | vrsta_utrke = Jednodnevna | organizator = | direktor_utrke = <!-- **** Historija **** --> | prvo_izdanje = [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1981.|1981.]] | dosad_održano = 41 (do [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2022.|2022]]) | prvi_pobjednik = {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | najviše_pobjeda = {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] (3) | posljednji_pobjednik = {{ZD|BEL}} [[Remco Evenepoel]] | web = {{URL|www.klasikoa.eus/}} }} '''Clásica de San Sebastián''' ili '''Donostia-Donostia Klasikoa''' [[biciklizam|biciklistička]] je utrka koja se svakog ljeta održava u [[San Sebastián]]u u [[Španija|Španiji]]. To je tradicionalno brdska utrka, a osvajali su je neki od najpoznatijih biciklista. Poznata je po spektakularnom pogledu na [[obala|obalu]], valovitom terenu i krivudavoj ruti, što snažno favorizira agresivnu vožnju. Dužina utrke iznosi 220–225&nbsp;km, a trenutna ruta uključuje teški uspon na [[Jaizkibel]]u, koji je blizu 200. kilometra. To je obično odlučujuća dionica. Clásica de San Sebastián bila je dio [[Svjetski kup u cestovnom biciklizmu|Svjetskog kupa]] (koji je postojao od 1989. do 2004), a nakon toga je postala dio njegovog nasljednika, [[UCI ProTour]]a, te zatim [[UCI Svjetska turneja|UCI Svjetske turneje]] (od 2011). == Pobjednici == {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size|95%" |- style="background|#ccccff;" | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Godina''' | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Pobjednik''' | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Drugi''' | bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align=center| '''Treći''' |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1981.|1981.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|VB}} [[Graham Jones (biciklist)|Graham Jones]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Faustino Rupérez]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1982.|1982.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Jesús Rodríguez Magro]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pedro Delgado]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1983.|1983.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Claude Criquielion]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Antonio Coll]] | {{ZD|SRNJ}} [[Reimund Dietzen]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1984.|1984.]] | {{ZD|ŠVI}} [[Niki Rüttimann]] | {{ZD|SRNJ}} [[Reimund Dietzen]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Celestino Prieto]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1985.|1985.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Adrie van der Poel]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Iñaki Gastón]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Juan Fernández Martín]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1986.|1986.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Iñaki Gastón]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Juan Fernández Martín]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1987.|1987.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Marino Lejarreta]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Ángel Arroyo]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Federico Echave]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1988.|1988.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Gert-Jan Theunisse]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Enrique Aja]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Steven Rooks]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1989.|1989.]] | {{ZD|AUT}} [[Gerhard Zadrobilek]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Francisco Antequera]] | {{ZD|ŠVI}} [[Tony Rominger]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1990.|1990.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Miguel Indurain]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Laurent Jalabert]] | {{ZD|IRS}} [[Sean Kelly (biciklist)|Sean Kelly]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1991.|1991.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Gianni Bugno]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pedro Delgado]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Maurizio Fondriest]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1992.|1992.]] | {{ZD|MEX}} [[Raúl Alcalá]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Claudio Chiappucci]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Eddy Bouwmans]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1993.|1993.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Claudio Chiappucci]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Gianni Faresin]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Alberto Volpi]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1994.|1994.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Armand de Las Cuevas]] | {{ZD|SAD}} [[Lance Armstrong]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Della Santa]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1995.|1995.]] | {{ZD|SAD}} [[Lance Armstrong]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Della Santa]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Johan Museeuw]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1996.|1996.]] | {{ZD|NJE}} [[Udo Bölts]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Cattai]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Massimo Podenzana]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1997.|1997.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] | {{ZD|RUS}} [[Aleksandar Gončenkov]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Colagè]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1998.|1998.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Francesco Casagrande]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Axel Merckx]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Leonardo Piepoli]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1999.|1999.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Francesco Casagrande]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Rik Verbrugghe]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Giuliano Figueras]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2000.|2000.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Erik Dekker]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Andreï Tchmil]] | {{ZD|LAT}} [[Romāns Vainšteins]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2001.|2001.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Laurent Jalabert]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Francesco Casagrande]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2002.|2002.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Laurent Jalabert]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Igor Astarloa]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Gabriele Missaglia]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2003.|2003.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Paolo Bettini]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Ivan Basso]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Danilo Di Luca]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2004.|2004.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Miguel Ángel Martín Perdiguero]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Paolo Bettini]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2005.|2005.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Constantino Zaballa]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Joaquim Rodríguez]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Eddy Mazzoleni]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2006.|2006.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Xavier Florencio]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Stefano Garzelli]] | {{ZD|KAZ}} [[Andrej Kašečkin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2007.|2007.]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Leonardo Bertagnolli]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Juan Manuel Gárate]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2008.|2008.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] | {{ZD|RUS}} [[Aleksandar Kolobnjev]] | {{ZD|ITA}} [[Davide Rebellin]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2009.|2009.]] | {{ZD|ČEŠ}} [[Roman Kreuziger]]{{Napomena|[[Carlos Barredo|Carlosu Barredu]], koji je 2009. pobijedio, a 2011. bio drugi, [[UCI]] je u julu 2014. poništio rezultate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cyclingnews.com/news/menchov-case-an-example-of-the-ucis-new-way-of-communicating-on-doping-violations |publisher=cyclingnews.com| title= Menchov case an example of the UCI's "new way of communicating" on doping violations|date=13. 7. 2014 |access-date = 15. 7. 2014}}</ref>}} | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Mickaël Delage]] | {{ZD|SLK}} [[Peter Velits]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2010.|2010.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Luis León Sánchez]] | {{ZD|KAZ}} [[Aleksandar Vinokurov]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Carlos Sastre]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2011.|2011.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Philippe Gilbert (biciklist)|Philippe Gilbert]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Greg Van Avermaet]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Joaquim Rodríguez]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2012.|2012.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Luis León Sánchez]] | {{ZD|AUS}} [[Simon Gerrans]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Gianni Meersman]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2013.|2013.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Tony Gallopin]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] | {{ZD|ČEŠ}} [[Roman Kreuziger]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2014.|2014.]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Joaquim Rodríguez]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2015.|2015.]] | {{ZD|VB}} [[Adam Yates (biciklist)|Adam Yates]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Philippe Gilbert]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2016.|2016.]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Tony Gallopin]] | {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Alejandro Valverde]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2017.|2017.]] | {{ZD|POLJ}} [[Michał Kwiatkowski (biciklist)|Michał Kwiatkowski]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Tony Gallopin]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2018.|2018.]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Julian Alaphilippe]] | {{ZD|NIZ}} [[Bauke Mollema]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Anthony Roux]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2019.|2019.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Remco Evenepoel]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Greg Van Avermaet]] | {{ZD|ŠVI}} [[Marc Hirschi]] |- |2020. |colspan=3 align=center|''otkazana zbog [[Pandemija COVID-a 19|pandemije COVID-a 19]]''<ref>{{cite web |url= https://cyclingpro.net/spaziociclismo/continental/coronavirus-calendario-stravolto-lelenco-delle-corse-cancellate/|title= Coronavirus, calendario stravolto: l’elenco delle corse cancellate}} {{it simbol}}</ref> |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2021.|2021.]] | {{ZD|SAD}} [[Neilson Powless]] | {{ZD|SLO}} [[Matej Mohorič]] | {{ZD|DAN}} [[Mikkel Frølich Honoré]] |- | [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2022.|2022.]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Remco Evenepoel]] | {{ZD|FRA}} [[Pavel Sivakov]] | {{ZD|BEL}} [[Tiesj Benoot]] |} {{Napomene}} == Višestruki pobjednici == ''Kurzivom su označeni aktivni biciklisti.'' {| class="wikitable" ! Pobjede || Vozač || Godine |- | <center> 3 || {{flagathlete|[[Marino Lejarreta]]|ŠPA}} || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1981.|1981]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1982.|1982]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1987.|1987.]] |- | rowspan= 5 | <center> 2 || {{flagathlete|[[Francesco Casagrande]]|ITA}} || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1998.|1998]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 1999.|1999.]] |- ||''{{flagathlete|[[Remco Evenepoel]]|BEL}}'' || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2019.|2019]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2022.|2022.]] |- |{{flagathlete|[[Laurent Jalabert]]|FRA}} || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2001.|2001]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2002.|2002.]] |- |''{{flagathlete|[[Luis León Sanchez]]|ŠPA}}'' || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2010.|2010]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2012.|2012.]] |- ||''{{flagathlete|[[Alejandro Valverde]]|ŠPA}}'' || [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2008.|2008]], [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2014.|2014.]] |} == Pobjede po državama == {| class="wikitable" ! Pobjede|| Država |- | <center> 13|| {{ZID|Španija}} |- | <center> 7|| {{ZID|Italija}} |- | <center> 5|| {{ZID|Francuska}} |- | <center> 4|| {{ZID|Nizozemska}}, {{ZID|Belgija}} |- | <center> 2|| {{ZID|SAD}} |- | <center> 1|| {{ZID|Austrija}}, {{ZID|Meksiko}}, {{ZID|Njemačka}},<br/>{{ZID|Poljska}}, {{ZID|Švicarska}}, {{ZID|Velika Britanija}} |} == Ženska utrka == Godine 2019. dodana je [[Clásica de San Sebastián 2019.|ženska utrka]],<ref>{{cite web |url= https://women.klasikoa.eus/ |website= Donostiako Klasikoa |access-date= 31. 7. 2019 |title= Clásica San Sebastián Feminina |archive-date= 27. 7. 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190727172752/https://women.klasikoa.eus/ |url-status= dead}}</ref> koja je bila duga 127&nbsp;km, a pratila je rutu sličnu ruti muške utrke, uključujući uspon na Jaizkibelu. == Reference == {{refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.cyclingarchives.com/wedstrijdfiche.php?wedstrijdid=106 Rezultati i ruta] na ''Cycling Archivesu'' {{Clasica de San Sebastian}} {{UCI Svjetska turneja}} [[Kategorija:Clásica de San Sebastián]] [[Kategorija:Biciklističke utrke u Španiji]] k8f82lt5ti60o7vhhgmn2swpkng2s6p 0 363531 3426908 3392561 2022-08-01T13:18:45Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Politika Republike Srpske}} '''Predsjednik Vlade Republike Srpske''' je imenovana osoba koja stoji na čelu [[Vlada Republike Srpske|Vlade Republike Srpske]]. Ona rukovodi radom Vlade i predsjedava njenim sjednicama, predstavlja Republiku Srpsku u zemlji i inozemstvu. Predsjednik [[Vlada Republike Srpske|Vlade Republike Srpske]] je od 2018. godine [[Radovan Višković]]. == Način izbora == Budućeg predsjednika Vlade Republike Srpske po [[Ustav Republike Srpske|Ustavu Republike Srpske]] predlaže [[predsjednik Republike Srpske]] nakon konsultacija sa svim zastupničkim grupama u [[Narodna skupština Republike Srpske|Narodnoj skupštini]]. Predsjednika Vlade Republike Srpske zatim bira skupštinska većina [[Narodna skupština Republike Srpske|Narodne skupštine Republike Srpske]]. Prije izbora na to mjesto, [[Narodna skupština Republike Srpske|Narodnoj skupštini Republike Srpske]] izlaže ekspoze u kome navodi realne ciljeve Vlade Republike Srpske. == Spisak predsjednika Vlade == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left; font-size: 90%; width:75%;" |- ! Red ! colspan = 3 width = "100px"|Predsjednik vlade !! Godina rođenja !! Početak !! Kraj !! Stranka !! Napomena |- | 1. | Width = "100px"|[[Datoteka:No image.png|80px]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|tamno|BS}};"| | Width = "160px"|[[Branko Đerić]] | 1948- | 22. aprila 1992. | 20. januara 1993. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|link|BS}} | [[Vlada Branka Đerića]] |- | 2. | [[Datoteka:No image.png|100px]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Vladimir Lukić]] | 1933- | 20. januara 1993. | 18. augusta 1994. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|link|BS}} | [[Vlada Vladimira Lukića]] |- | 3. | [[Datoteka:Dusan Kozic Crop.jpg|100px]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Dušan Kozić]] | 1958- | 18. augusta 1994. | 16. oktobra 1995. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|link|BS}} | [[Vlada Dušana Kozića]] |- | 4. | [[Datoteka:Rajko Kasagic crop.jpg|100px|Rajko Kasagić]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Rajko Kasagić]] | 1942- | 16. oktobra 1995. | 18. maja 1996. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|link|BS}} | [[Vlada Rajka Kasagića]] |- | 5. | [[Datoteka:No image.png|100px]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Gojko Kličković]] | 1955- | 18. maja 1996. | 31. januara 1998. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|link|BS}} | [[Prva vlada Gojka Kličkovića|Prva vlada]] i [[Druga vlada Gojka Kličkovića]] |- | 6. | [[Datoteka:Milorad Dodik mod cropped.jpg|100px|Milorad Dodik]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Milorad Dodik]] | 1959- | 31. januara 1998. | 16. januar 2001. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|link|BS}} | [[Prva vlada Milorada Dodika]] <br /> <small> prvi mandat </small> |- | 7. | [[Datoteka:EPP Malta Congress 2017 ; 29 March (33565806452) (cropped).jpg|100px|Mladen Ivanić]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|PDP|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Mladen Ivanić]] | 1958- | 16. januar 2001. | 17. januara 2003. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|PDP|link|BS}} | [[Vlada Mladena Ivanića]] |- | 8. | [[Datoteka:No image.png|100px]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|PDP|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Dragan Mikerević]] | 1955- | 17. januara 2003. | 17. februara 2005 | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|PDP|link|BS}} | [[Vlada Dragana Mikerevića]] |- | 9. | [[Datoteka:No image.png|100px]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Pero Bukejlović]] | 1946- | 17. februara 2005 | 28. februara 2006 | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SDS|link|BS}} | [[Vlada Pere Bukejlovića]] |- | 10. | [[Datoteka:Milorad Dodik na konvenciji u Beogradu (cropped).jpg|100px|Milorad Dodik]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Milorad Dodik]] | 1959- | 28.. februara 2006. | 15. novembar 2010. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|link|BS}} | [[Druga vlada Milorada Dodika|Druga vlada]] i [[Treća vlada Milorada Dodika]] <br /> <small> drugi mandat </small> |- | | [[Datoteka:Антон Касиповић.jpg|100px|Anton Kasipović]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Anton Kasipović]] | 1956- | 15. novembar 2010. | 29. decembar 2010. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|link|BS}} | <Small> vršitelj dužnosti </small> |- | 11. | [[Datoteka:Aleksandar Džombić crop.jpg|100px|Aleksandar Džombić]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Aleksandar Džombić]] | 1968- | 29. decembar 2010. | 12. marta 2013. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|link|BS}} | [[Vlada Aleksandra Džombića]] |- | 12. | [[Datoteka:Željka Cvijanović (cropped).jpg|100px|Željka Cvijanović]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Željka Cvijanović]] | 1967- | 12. marta 2013. | 19. novembra 2018. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|link|BS}} | [[Vlada Željke Cvijanović I]] <br> [[Vlada Željke Cvijanović II]] |- | | [[Datoteka:Srebrenka Golić (cropped).jpg|100px|Srebrenka Golić]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Srebrenka Golić]] | 1958- | 19. novembar 2018. | 18. decembar 2018. | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|link|BS}} | <Small> vršitelj dužnosti </small> |- | 13. | [[Datoteka:Radovan Višković (cropped).jpg|100px]] | style="background:#{{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|tamno|BS}};"| | [[Radovan Višković]] | 1964- | 18. decembar 2018. | | {{Izborni dijagram/Partija|SNSD|link|BS}} | [[Vlada Radovana Viškovića]] |- |} == Također pogledajte == * [[Vlada Republike Srpske]] * [[Predsjednik Republike Srpske]] == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.vladars.net Službena stranica Vlade Republike Srpske]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121173853/http://www.vladars.net/sr-SP-Cyrl/Pages/Default.aspx |date=21. 1. 2013 }} * [http://www.vladars.net/sr-SP-Cyrl/Vlada/Premijer/Pages/Splash.aspx Vlada Republike Srpske: Predsjednik Vlade Republike Srpske] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228160446/http://vladars.net/sr-SP-Cyrl/Vlada/Premijer/Pages/Splash.aspx |date=28. 12. 2017 }} * [http://www.rtrs.tv/vijesti/vijest.php?id=33452 Radio televizija Republike Srpske: Republika Srpska dobila novu Vladu 29. decembar 2010.] {{Predsjednici vlada Republike Srpske}}{{Ministarstva Vlade Republike Srpske}} [[Kategorija:Institucije Republike Srpske]] [[Kategorija:Vlada Republike Srpske]] k2yfmjn6zh66gv8uc0nyou4f8h2r8gb 4 373629 3426938 3425303 2022-08-01T18:42:14Z wikitext text/x-wiki 3426943 3426938 2022-08-01T18:53:20Z AnToni 2325 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Čaršija|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starija pitanja možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Pravopis break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> '''Dobro došli na odjeljak Čaršije za pravopisna pitanja!''' Ovdje možete postaviti sva pitanja koja se tiču [[Pravopis bosanskog jezika|pravopisa]] [[Bosanski jezik|bosanskog jezika]]. Osim pitanja, moguće je otvoriti dikusiju o pravilnom pisanju ili usvajanju nekih izraza kao standardnih, čime se olakšava vođenje internih linkova. Za orijentaciju može poslužiti stranica [[Wikipedia:Pravilno-nepravilno u bosanskom jeziku|Pravilno/nepravilno]]. Postavljena pitanja i problemi bit će riješeni u najkraćem roku od strane za to kompetentnog tima. Kad se problem riješi, onda ga označite šablonom {{tl|Urađeno}} ili {{tl|ok}}. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Postavi novo pitanje|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Pravopis&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #169086; border: #169086; color:white;}} </div> }} __TOC__ == "Asparagus officinalis" == [[Datoteka:Asparagus-Bundle.jpg|thumb|desno|80px]] Kao dežurni ''kuhar'' na wikiju, svečano otvaram ovu sekciju Čaršije. Kao prvo treba mi '''ispravan''' naziv za ovu biljku: ''šparoga'' ili ''špargla''. --<font style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#df0578 0.1em 0.1em 1.5em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^razgovor]]</font> 12:05, 23 decembar 2014 (CET) : Možda čak oboje. :) Nema u pravopisu. Ali ja biram šparogu (samo kao riječ, ne i kao jelo :)). Eto, moj [[Jamie Oliver|Jamie]] – uključi ringlu. :P -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:44, 23 decembar 2014 (CET) :: Super stvar, podržavam. Samo mislim da postoji već nešto slično negdje na wikiju, pa bi se odatle možda trebalo napraviti preusmjerenje.<br /> :::Izgleda da su oba imena u upotrebi. Ja mogu napraviti kompletan prilog o Asparagusu. Moja supruga ga sprema nekoliko puta mjesečno :). :::''[[Asparagus officinalis]] (Linnéé) – Convallariaceae Drugi nazivi: [[špargla]], vilina metla, pitoma [[šparoga]], betricia. To je trajna'' :::''zeljasta biljka visine i do 120 centimetara. Ima kratak, vodoravan, drvenast i jako razvijen korijen.....itd... Neke druge vrste'' :::''šparoga kao što su sparožina (Asparagus acutifolius L.), morska špargla (Asparagus maritimus, L) također se upotrebljavaju za jelo'' :::''i u primorju se smatraju za ukusnije i zdravilje od kultivisane šparoge....''Iz knige Ljekovito bilje i jetra, Dr. Enesa Hasanagića, Svjetlost, Sarajevo, 1984. str.149) --[[Korisnik:Novinar|BigV]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Novinar|razgovor]]) 04:35, 21 januar 2015 (CET) :: Za Tonija također +1 za navigaciju na različite sekcije Čaršije. Treba još malo bolje urediti to, ali neka stoji za sada pa ću ja čim stignem. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<font style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></font>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<font color="green"><b>r</b></font>]])} 21:37, 23 decembar 2014 (CET) == Najčešće greške u jeziku == Za ove koji se malo muče s jezikom evo [http://www.ciklopea.com/hr/blog/konzalting/101-najcesca-pogreska-u-hrvatskom-jeziku/269/# nečega korisnog]. Na hrvatskom je, ali 96,48% stvari :-) važi i kod nas. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 17:15, 17 april 2015 (CEST) == O pravopisu == Zar stvarno svaki put trebam ponavljati neke stvari? Dakle, pravopis je dostupan, neki su ga možda i skinuli, ali osim skidanja '''treba i zaviriti''' u njega prije izmjena na svoju ruku; ne znam ni ja sve napamet. Ne slažem se ni ja sa svim rješenjima i zaista je potrebna revizija koja bi dala neko dugoročnije rješenje, ali to nije na nama i dotad važi ovako kako sad piše (mislim, ako se već želimo držati službenog, važećeg pravopisa bosanskog jezika; ako ne želimo, onda ništa). Šta je tu je. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:26, 4 maj 2015 (CEST) :Ok šefe, kako ti kažeš. --<font style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#df0578 0.1em 0.1em 1.5em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</font> 16:48, 4 maj 2015 (CEST) == Srpski vs. srbijanski == Trebalo bi se pripaziti na promjene kategorija sa pridjevom ''srpski'' u ''srbijanski''! Pridjev srbijanski označava osobinu nečega što ima sjedište u Srbiji, dok pridjev srpski govori o pripadnosti srpskom narodu! Mislim da je jasno bez navođenja primjera!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC;"><span style="color:red;">ra</span><span style="color:green;">zg</span><span style="color:gold;">ov</span><span style="color:black;">or</span></span>'']])} 16:43, 11 maj 2015 (CEST) == Brazilsko grožđe == [[Datoteka:Jabuticaba fruto.jpg|mini|150px|desno]] Privremeno sam stavio kao [[žabutikaba]]. Slušao sam portugalski izgovor, možda je čak i džabutikaba, s tim da ono '''t''' ide na naše '''ć''', ali bih ostavio kao t. U našim vrlim medijima (koji samo jedni od drugih prepisuju) sreo sam i jabutikabu (jučer Avazov portal kao i blic.rs). Na kraju krajeva, ima i univerzalna varijanta da ostavimo na latinskom. --سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 09:31, 8 juni 2015 (CEST) :Ne znam koliko je primjenjivo pravilo o transkripciji sa portugalskog na srpski jezik u slučaju bosanskog, ali ako je primenjivo J se prenosi kao Ž, a C kao K (osim u slučajevima kada je C ispred E i I i tada se prenosi kao C). Dakle '''J'''abuti'''c'''aba je '''Ž'''abuti'''k'''aba. --[[Korisnik:НиколаБ|NikolaB]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:НиколаБ|razgovor]]) 11:11, 8 juni 2015 (CEST) :: Znam, Nikola, da je u pitanju vlastita imenica, ne bih ni pitao jer na bosanskom ide u izvornom obliku (dakle jabuticaba). Međutim, ovo je samo naziv tog voća, a ako ne postoji nigdje kod nas ime za tu biljku onda je ne moramo ni izmišljati. To što kažeš za srpski naziv je sigurno tačan, jer sam slušao i izgovor portugalskog naziva.--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 11:14, 8 juni 2015 (CEST) ::: U redu je ovako (fonetski); nemamo našu riječ, pa je prilagođavamo našem jeziku jer se radi o voću, a ne o ljudskom biću. A ovo što spominješ za ć: brazilski portugalski palatalizira D i T ispred I i E u izgovoru (pisanje se ne mijenja), za razliku od izvornog portugalskog. To je samo jedna od razlika. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:18, 8 juni 2015 (CEST) :::: Eto kraj tebe ću još i portugalski naučiti, [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]]. Hvala obojici. --سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 12:24, 8 juni 2015 (CEST) == UN == @[[Korisnik:AnToni|Toni]] i [[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]]: Radeći sad ovaj članak o [[Konferencija Ujedinjenih naroda o međunarodnoj organizaciji|konferenciji]], prošlo mi je kroz glavu da je možda ispravnije "Ujedinjene nacije" nego "Ujedinjeni narodi" jer "narod" i "nacija" nisu isto: "nacija" podrazumijeva (ako se ne varam; pišem iz glave) narod koji ima državnost, a "narod" je narod općenito, imao on državnost ili ne. Da li da sad preimenujemo sve dotične članke? -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:07, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) : Ako se usaglasimo, možemo promijeniti. Ali prvo da definišemo kako i šta, pa tek onda mijenjam, odnosno preusmjeravam!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<span style="font-size:small; font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; color:red;">'''''R'''''</span>]])} 16:09, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) :: Zato sam prvo i pitao šta ćemo. A lahko je za definiranje: ako se usaglasimo, onda se "...narodi" mijenja u "...nacije" u svim nazivima članaka i kategorija (pritom obratiti pažnju na rod pridjeva jer "narodi" i "nacije" nisu istog roda). A onda se (eventualno) botom nekad mogu izvršiti korekcije u tekstovima tih članaka. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:19, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) :::Pa ako uzmemo Kurde i sl. narode bez države, ispalo bi da su oni članovi UN-a, a nisu (kao takvi). Opet nacije, ako je to preciznije (a pogledamo li druge wiki) ispada da su svi osim nas, hr. i sh. stavili nacije (de, sr i druge). Vjerovatno da je to jedna (općeprihvaćena) greška.--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 16:22, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) :Svakako bi trebala ići ''nacija''. Gledao sam malo definicije, i "narod" je definitivno opširniji pojam, te može označavati i narode unutar nacije (kao npr. domorodački narodi Kanade [http://i.imgur.com/ZPuqoiz.png u definiciji 2 s lijeve strane], a naravno da oni neće imati predstavnika u UN-u). Ionako svi ostali službeni nazivi koriste "nacija" (fr. [[:fr:Organisation des Nations unies|Organisation des ''Nations'' unies]], ru. [[:ru:Организация Объединённых Наций|Организация Объединённых ''Наций'']], šp. [[:es:Naciones Unidas|''Naciones'' Unidas]]) pa zašto ne bismo i mi? --<span style="background-color:#3E50B4;">&nbsp;[[User:Srdjan m|<span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Srđan</span>]]&nbsp;[[User_talk:Srdjan m|<span style="color:#FFFFFF;">💬</span>]]&nbsp;</span> 16:35, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) :: Znači, izgleda da smo se usaglasili. Dolje narodi, živjele nacije! :-) Upravo zbog te općeprihvaćene greške treba ostaviti preusmjerenje mada inače ne bi trebalo (iz očitih razloga; Kurdi su baš dobar primjer, a ima ih još ko zna koliko). P. S: Ima još jedno genijalno rješenje: jednostavno svuda pisati "UN" i nema greške. :-) -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:37, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) :::Evo da i ja potvrdim ;) Nacija for the win. (Cera suzdrži se neadekvatnih komentara) --<font face="Consolas" size="3">[[Korisnik:Munja-x64|<font style="color:#9E109E; text-shadow:0 0 1em">Munja</font>]]&nbsp;[[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Munja-x64|<font style="color:#D2691E; text-shadow:0 0 1em">(x64)</font>]]</font> 16:38, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) == Naziv elektrana == Šta je pravilno kod blokova elektrana : Blok 1 Fukushima ili Fukushima blok 1?--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 12:15, 29 august 2015 (CEST) : Blok 1 NE (= nuklearne elektrane) Fukushima. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 17:26, 29 august 2015 (CEST) ::Hvala :-)--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 14:04, 30 august 2015 (CEST) == Devize, devize == Kako izražavamo vrijednosti valuta: originalni naziv ili [[ISO 4217]]? Trenutno radim na [[češka kruna|češkoj kruni]] originalna skraćenica je Kč a prema ISO 4217 CZK.--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 20:43, 5 septembar 2015 (CEST) : valjda isto kao i kod naše marke: KM i BAM --[[Posebno:Doprinos/5.102.179.116|5.102.179.116]] 21:20, 5 septembar 2015 (CEST) ::Jednako kao što se koristi KM za marke, tako i Čk za češke krune (kao i $ za dolare, a ne USD!). Oznaka BAM se u bosanskom jeziku rijetko koristi. Također, pogledao sam članak i treba pisati "august", a ne "avgust"! --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 22:52, 5 septembar 2015 (CEST) == Autarkija ili autarkičnost? == Šta je pravilnije ili ima li neki drugi pojam za izraz ''ekonomske neovisnosti od inostranstva''?--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 19:25, 10 juni 2016 (CEST) :Autar'''h'''ija.--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 19:38, 10 juni 2016 (CEST) :: Potvrđeno by struka. :-) -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 19:40, 10 juni 2016 (CEST) Cijeli Darkwood se zahvaljuje. :-) --[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 21:44, 10 juni 2016 (CEST) == Zvjezdana populacija == Šta je pravilnije: "Zvijezde prve populacije" ili "Prva zvjezdana populacija"? -- [[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 22:25, 13 januar 2017 (CET) : Nije moj teren, ali gledajući okolo, vidim da može i "Zvijezde populacije I" (populacije su ipak imenovane tako da je broj na drugom mjestu). :-) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:57, 13 januar 2017 (CET) ::Hvala ti. Evo upravo se dokopah knjige "Galaksije i kosmologija" {{ISBN|978-2-7298-4083-9}} od Françoise Combes. Na str. 21 i 150 se spominje "zvjezdana populacija" a inače samo skraćeno populacija I i populacija II.--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 21:26, 28 februar 2017 (CET) ==Elektrane== Molim za prijedloge (by struka :-) and others), odnosno je li ovo u redu?: * ključajući reaktor * reaktor pod pritiskom (PWR) * gasno-parna elektrana --[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 21:21, 28 februar 2017 (CET) == Prijevod == *Kako bi mogli prevesti Gamma-Ray-Outburst? **Izbijanje gama zračenja? **Eksplozija gama zračenja? Molim za prijedloge. -- [[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 22:02, 26 maj 2017 (CEST) : [[:hr:Bljesak gama-zračenja|Proberi]]. :-) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:44, 26 maj 2017 (CEST) Hvala ti.--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 20:07, 29 maj 2017 (CEST) == Umjetnost == {{FlowMention|KWiki}}, rezbarija ''u drvetu'' ili ''u drvu'', koja je razlika, i btw. jesi li u šeheru ;)? (odg. na ovo posljednje može na Viber). --- <font style="white-space:nowrap">[[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃CH₂OCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]]</font> 08:19, 4 juli 2017 (CEST) : Koliko se ja u drvo razumijem pravilna su oba izraza. No, ''u drvu'' je više zapadna varijanta, koji su birvaktile neki moji profesori pretendirali na fakultetu, čisto iz razloga tehološke terminologije. Čak je postojala teza da se na fakultetima u bivšoj nam zemlji svugdje koristi taj izraz, da bi se razgraničili drvo kao poluproizvod i drvo kao stablo. No to je bila teza jedne grupe profesora, koji su htjeli uvesti i nove izraze za dasku, šprosnu, fosnu i sl. Nije zaživila... al neka nam naš cijenjeni kolega odluči.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<span style="font-size:small; font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; color:red;">'''''R'''''</span>]])} 11:58, 4 juli 2017 (CEST) :: A) Stablo: "N jd. drvo – G jd. drveta"; b) građa, materijal, ogrjev: "N jd. drvo – G jd. drva". A u Šeheru sam opet od ponedjeljka, aBd, i to malo duže (s tim da će mi vikendi vjerovatno biti slobodni). – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:40, 13 juli 2017 (CEST) == Stilske upute == Kao "glavni i odgovorni" za jezik, stil i pravopis, ovdje ću ubacivati neke opće stilske napomene kako mi bude dolazilo pod ruku (sad mi je nešto naletjelo prilikom jedne izmjene). [Znam da ima posebna pomoćna stranica, ali svako će prije potražiti ovdje, ako ko i bude tražio. :-) Lahko je kasnije prebaciti ili povezati na neki način ako bude trebalo]. Važe za sve članke, a i korisnike; '''izuzetak od svih stavki jesu, naravno, citati izrečeni ili napisani na bilo kojem od četiri regionalna standarda''' (BS, HR, SR, CG). Redoslijed stavki ne igra ulogu. Napomena: Nije smak svijeta ako se negdje nešto ne ispoštuje, ali ovako je jednostavno bolje i preciznije. * '''Uvijek''' izbjegavati (i popravljati gdje već ima, kako ko naiđe dok radi) konstrukciju "pasiv + ''od strane''...", osim gdje baš ne može nego tako; taj dio treba preformulirati u aktiv, vodeći računa o tome da se ništa ne oduzme od misli ili značenja. * Umjesto "poslanici" (u skupštini) upotrebljavati "zastupnici" (niko njih ne šalje, oni zastupaju one koji su glasali za njih, ili bi barem trebali zastupati). * Brojeve od jedan do deset pisati slovima (uključujući i deset). Za nulu (do daljnjeg) ostavljam slobodu izbora jer svakako nije broj. :-) * Umjesto "radi se o..." pisati / mijenjati u "riječ je o...". * Prijedlog "oko" vrlo se često pogrešno upotrebljava. Kad označava približnu vrijednost / brojku, umjesto njega upotrebljavati "približno" ili "blizu" (naravno, to ne važi za godine u stoljeću jer je to zapravo "lokacija" u vremenu, a "oko" ima primarno mjesno značenje). Dalje, nisu razgovori / sporovi / rasprave / polemike / diskusije i tome slično ''oko nečega'' nego '''o nečemu''' ili '''u vezi s nečim'''. * Prilog "skoro" u praksi se jednako često pogrešno upotrebljava tamo gdje bi trebalo napisati "gotovo"; "skoro" ima '''vremensko''' značenje i u tom ga smislu treba i upotrebljavati. **<u>Primjer A:</u> ''Skoro smo stigli.'' = maloprije, nedavno; ''Gotovo smo stigli.'' = Nismo stigli, ali blizu smo, samo što nismo. (Kao što se vidi, razlika je osjetna.) **<u>Primjer B:</u> "Kina ima <s>skoro</s> milijardu i po stanovnika." -> "Kina ima gotovo milijardu i po stanovnika." * Enklitike se vrlo često stavljaju na pogrešna mjesta u rečenici, naročito u prvoj rečenici članka. U vezi s time pogledati [[Wikipedia:Pravilno-nepravilno u bosanskom jeziku#Enklitike|ovo objašnjenje]]. (Nastavit će se, aBd.) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 10:12, 11 oktobar 2017 (CEST) :U stručnim tekstovima je u njemačkom obavezan pasiv. Treba li pasiv uvijek izbjegavati?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:47, 11 oktobar 2017 (CEST) :: Nije samo u njemačkom – čest je i u ostalim "zapadnoevropskim" jezicima, da se tako izrazim. A treba ga izbjegavati kad god je to moguće jer nije karakterističan za prirodni jezički izraz u našem jeziku. (Naravno, ovo ne važi za književnost.) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 10:57, 11 oktobar 2017 (CEST) :Kad već ispravljamo stilske stvari, mislim da ne bi bilo loše da usput izjednačavamo stil uvoda. Primijetio sam, uglavnom kod [[Keith O'Brien|članaka]] prebačenih s hr i sh.wikija, da je uvod većinom u formatu :* "'''Ime Prezime''' / '''Neka stvar''' (nešto u zagradi)''',''' ''nešto-nešto u stilu rječničkog unosa''" umjesto :* "'''Ime Prezime''' / '''Neka stvar''' (nešto u zagradi) bio/-la je/jest ''cijela rečenica''". : Pretpostavljam da je ovo sa zarezom rađeno u štampanim enciklopedijama da se uštedi prostor i da se ne mora ažurirati unos kad neko umre (što je, naravno, doslovno nemoguće bez novog izdanja), a budući da smo u digitali, ne vidim potrebu za tim. Isto tako bi trebalo premještati/stvarati članke s ispravnom crtom (–) umjesto crtice (-) kad se misli na raspon datuma i [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u atletici 2017 - bacanje kugle (muškarci)|kod]] [[Navier–Stokesove jednačine|drugih]] [[Nogometne utakmice Makedonija - Holandija|upotreba]]<!-- Mislim da u potonjem primjeru treba primaknuta crta, tj. Makedonija–Holandija, ali nek' KWiki provjeri. ;-) -->, s tim da se obavezno napravi preusmjerenje s običnom crticom (kao što se radi [[Stadion Santiago Bernabéu|s člancima]] [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|koji]] [[Stadion Juventus|imaju]] [[Spisak epizoda Dr. Housea|navodnike]] ili [[Jose Mourinho|"strana"]] [[Rafael Benitez|slova]] [[Luis Suarez|u naslovu]]) da ih je lako<!-- Ne ispravljati. --> naći pretragom i upotrebljavati pri pisanju drugih tekstova. Imamo preusmjerenja, majku mu, nije ih sramota upotrebljavati. ;-) – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 11:46, 11 oktobar 2017 (CEST) :*P. S: Crtice se ne moraju odmah ispravljati u tekstovima, ali moraju u šablonima (da se plavi link podeblja i pocrni u odgovarajućim člancima). Znači, kad premjestite neki članak, obavezno provjeriti upotrebljava li se prethodni naziv (s -) u šablonima pomoću "{{int:whatlinkshere}}", odnosno [[Special:WhatLinksHere]] (izabrati imenski prostor "Šablon" u padajućem meniju). – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 12:07, 28 oktobar 2017 (CEST) : Sad mi je baš palo na pamet da bi sve ovo što si napisao valjalo nekako uklopiti u [[Wikipedia:Stilski priručnik|interni stilski priručnik]], pa vidi kad budeš imao vremena i volje :-). – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 14:45, 19 april 2018 (CEST) == Miljenij == Trenutno imamo dvije varijante: milenijum i milenij. Koju varijantu da slijedimo?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 20:14, 28 decembar 2017 (CET) :''milenij''. Isto kao i hem.elementi: itrij, (ne itrijum), plutonij (ne plutonijum) itd.--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 20:18, 28 decembar 2017 (CET) == Prevod == Kako pravilno prevesti: Category:1945 '''establishments'''; Kod nas je ta kategorija vezana sa osnivanjem! Meni više liči na ustanovu, instituciju...Predlog?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 20:24, 28 decembar 2017 (CET) :Već imamo kategorije: ''organizacije osnovane ...'' i sl. Ako ćemo povući paralele sa osobama (umrli 19xx, rođeni 19xx), onda bi ovo bilo ''osnovani(e) 19xx'' ili ''osnivanja 19xx''.--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 20:38, 28 decembar 2017 (CET) == Važno! Novi pravopis == [[Datoteka:Pravopis1.jpg|mini|Promocija Pravopisa]] Nije mi još stigao novi pravopis ("u putu je"), ali znam da je promijenjeno pisanje naziva bivših država i sada se pišu kao i ove postojeće (Osmanlijsko Carstvo, Sovjetski Savez,...). Što znači da će biti posla s premještanjima, da ne spominjem tekstove u člancima. (Traže se botovi, živi ili polumrtvi. :-) ) Ima logike jer država je ipak država; ako je i bivša. Ali: #Zašto_si_ikako_i_mijenjao_ako_ćeš_za_neko_vrijeme_to_vratiti? (tag: Senahid H.) Dalje, "uslov" i "bezbjednost" vraćeni su kao dubleti. O ostalome ću kad ga dobijem na / u ruke. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 14:28, 19 april 2018 (CEST) :Mislim da je nekima (prepoznat će se) "srce k'o planina" kad si spomenuo premještanje. Jedva dočekali.--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 14:44, 19 april 2018 (CEST) :: Kao što rekoh, za države mi je logično; zapravo mi je nelogično što je uopće mijenjano 1996. jer su tako države "spuštene" na nivo pokrajina. A što to nekome pravi gomilu posla... ko te pita za to... Dubleti su, s druge strane, odraz realnog stanja u upotrebnom jeziku, a i njegovog bogatstva, na kraju krajeva; ne vidim smisla u forsiranju nečega kao što su to radili u Hrvatskoj, pa im dosta toga nije zaživjelo. Jezik je živa materija. I ne – ne držim ničiju stranu, pokušavam realno sagledati sve. Meni su veći problem, npr., pisanje imena iz bjeloruskog, ukrajinskog, gruzijskog, armenskog, arapskog, laoskog i njemu susjednih ili pisanje hemijskih spojeva nego ovo dvoje iznad. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 14:58, 19 april 2018 (CEST) ::: Kod nas se kaže za ovakvo nešto: Na servus! -- [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 14:56, 19 april 2018 (CEST) ::::Ja se javljam da sa onim programom promijem kategorije i sve ostalo što bude moglo!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:46, 20 april 2018 (CEST) : {{Spomeni|KWiki}}: Da nije već negdje dostupan digitalni primjerak da možemo pregledati izmjene i sukladno tome uskladiti bez da te zvrckamo ili ćemo morati čekati da izađe mobilna aplikacija ({{plainlinks|url=http://pravopis.ba/#mobilnaaplikacija kako je najavljeno na sajtu}})? ;-) – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 21:02, 22 april 2018 (CEST) :: Ne znam ništa o digitalnim primjercima mimo najavljene aplikacije. Ako šta saznam, znat ćete i vi. :-) A pravopis je, inače, u suštini povratak na onaj srpsko-hrvatski iz 1960, s minimalnim razlikama (koliko je dosad došlo do mene; vidjeh danas okačene slike nekih stranica kod radnog kolege). Čak dozvoljava, npr., i "delikvent" (bez N prije K) (''sic!'' - i latinsko i englesko). – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:21, 22 april 2018 (CEST) ::: Hmm... valjda će uskoro ta mobilna aplikacija. Trebalo bi i [[Wikipedia:Pravilno-nepravilno u bosanskom jeziku|ovo]] ažurirati (možda čak sada da stavimo šablon za starost ili nekakvu napomenu da stranica još nije usklađena s novim ''Pravopisom'' jer pretpostavljam da će ljudi tražiti tako nešto na Googleu pa da ne dobiju pogrešne informacije?). – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 23:49, 22 april 2018 (CEST) :::: Čekam da mi dođe knjiga u ruke, da ne bih napamet ažurirao. :-) ;-) Uglavnom, sažetak novih pravila bio bi "free for all", manje-više; bit će teže naći šta je nepravilno. :-) To, s jedne strane, praktične, jest olakšica (pogotovo za nas lektore), ali s ove naučno-stručne... ne znam baš koliku težinu ima. No, svježe je sve još. A slobodno dotad stavi tu obavijest kako si zamislio. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 00:00, 23 april 2018 (CEST) ::::: {{Spomeni|KWiki}} A ima li [[kahva|kahve]]? Mislim...u tom novom (nazovi) pravopisu?--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 08:11, 23 april 2018 (CEST) ::::::Čuo sam da nema! Sad u Bosni svi piju Nes. Uvodi se Kaffee...da te konobar ne mora pitat kakvu ćeš--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:10, 23 april 2018 (CEST) ::::::: Ne samo da ima ''kahve'' nego i ''kafe'' i ''kave''; neće je ljudi moći popiti koliko je ima. :-) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 10:26, 23 april 2018 (CEST) {{izvuci}} Novost: Neki su možda i vidjeli na portalima, ali za one koji nisu: prije tri dana BZK "Preporod" i Institut za jezik Univerziteta u Sarajevu [https://www.unsa.ba/novosti/bzk-preporod-i-institut-za-jezik-pripremaju-pravopis-bosanskog-jezika objavili su] da počinju s projektom izrade (još jednog) pravopisa, koji bi trebao izaći dogodine. Za razliku od prethodnih, na ovom će se (konačno) raditi pod zvaničnom kapom institucija i valjda bi trebao biti ''onaj glavni'' kad bude objavljen. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:33, 20 juni 2020 (CEST) === Veliko slovo u imenima bivših država === Trebali bismo napraviti spisak šta sve treba uraditi: * Sovjetski Savez - ili ići ma SSSR ili Savez Sovjetskih Socijalističkih Republika? * Austro-ugarska? Ostaje lil se mijenja? * Rusko Carstvo * NDH * Njemačko Carstvo --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 20:32, 22 april 2018 (CEST) : Napravit ću ja kad mi stigne pravopis, a dotad neka stoji sve (šefica mi je rekla samo za Osmanlijsko Carstvo i Sovjetski Savez, a vidim da se već radilo mimo toga – socijalističke republike i autonomne pokrajine; nisam siguran za njih, a možda je dobro urađeno; vidjet ćemo svakako). – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 17:03, 23 april 2018 (CEST) Ako šta ja mogu pomoći sa botom, znate gdje me možete naći. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 21:26, 23 april 2018 (CEST) == Evropa ili Europa == Šta je pravilno? Pozdrav --[[Korisnik:Aždaja|Aždaja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Aždaja|razgovor]]) 18:31, 20 april 2018 (CEST) :Evropa je kontinent, Europa je lik iz mitologije (ne znam bez Googla čije (rimske ili grčke)).:)--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 18:40, 20 april 2018 (CEST) ::Hvala lijepo :) --[[Korisnik:Aždaja|Aždaja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Aždaja|razgovor]]) 19:10, 20 april 2018 (CEST) == Ženska prezimena == Prakticira li se, kao u većini slavenskih jezika, da se, ako se u rečenici koristi samo prezime neke žene, ono koristi kao pridjev? Logično je, mada nisam primijetio da se koristi. Npr., Myriam Bédard, a ako se koristi samo prezime, da se piše Bédard'''ova'''?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 21:00, 2 juni 2018 (CEST) : To je stilska karakteristika u srpskom (ono što je u češkom, slovačkom i istočnoslavenskim jezicima nije stvar stila nego obavezno; takvi su im jezici). Za bosanski to "popridjevljavanje" nije karakteristično. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 22:26, 2 juni 2018 (CEST) :: Kod Slovenaca se isto može ćuti...!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 22:39, 2 juni 2018 (CEST) == Novi pravopis – mobilna aplikacija == Izašla je aplikacija za iOS i Android, pa preuzmite :) [https://www.facebook.com/Pravopis.ba/photos/a.187026878757410.1073741827.186494992143932/221521461974618/?type=3&theater (link)] --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 12:53, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) :Možemo li dobiti link bez FB (za sve normalne insane koji nemaju ili su obrisali FB).--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 13:02, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) :: Nije potreban Facebook Account da bi se pristupilo datoj stranici. A ne mora ni to, ukuca se Pravopis.ba na Google Play ili na App Storeu i to je to. 😉 —[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 13:24, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) ::: Ma znam tako sam i doš'o do njega. Al' čisto za nas fejsbukomrsce.--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 13:26, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) {{FlowMention|KWiki}}, jedno pitanje, šta ako se neko ne slaže sa pravopisnim rješenjima koje dotični Halilović daje u ovom izdanju Pravopisa? Ima li kakva instanca za pritužbe? Šta stvarno ako čovjek na stotinu mjesta piše totalne nebuloze koje nemaju veze s mozgom? --- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 13:17, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) : Ne sekiraj se: najavljeno je da će izaći još dva pravopisa (drugih autora) – jedan najesen, a drugi valjda dogodine. Bit će ih "i Hasi i Husi". – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 13:37, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) :: E dobro je onda. Valjda će se naći neko normalan i pametan napisati da se glagol ''vjerovati'' piše sa ''v'' a ne sa ''j'', jer je to Senahidu izgleda nepoznanica (pa lik stavlja znak jednakosti između vjerovatno i vjero''j''atno).--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 13:40, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) :: Al' šta onda? Moći ćeš izabrati po kojem ćeš pisati ili...? – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 16:48, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) ::: Sad-zasad ja lično nemam pojma šta će biti. Pratim i pratit ću razvoj situacije. Kad budem raspolagao nečim konkretnim i dugoročnim, i vi ćete. Zato dosad nisam ništa ni radio na onim pomoćnim stranicama – želim neko dugoročno rješenje (a uz najavljene nove pravopise još ga ne može biti). Možda će opet trebati izvjesna doza čekanja i strpljenja, no šta je tu je. Što se tiče ovog novog Halilovićevog, postoje dvije struje, kao i u svemu: jedni ga podupiru (uglavnom zagovornici Deklaracije o zajedničkom jeziku), a drugi ga osporavaju (uglavnom probošnjački /što ne znači automatski da nisu i probosanski/ orijentisani lingvisti). Ja sam u procjepu: kao nekome ko živi od lektorisanja, olakšava mi posao jer je sad praktično sve ispravno (kad su u pitanju dubleti / tripleti) ;-); kao nekome ko je studirao bosanski ovo je vraćanje na 1960. i Maticin pravopis srpskohrvatskog (s tom razlikom da je sad u bosanskom ispravno čak i "kava", npr., što nikad nije bilo niti će biti, jer se to upotrebljava isključivo u hrvatskom, i uz još neke riječi koje je uključio / ubacio / izmislio, kako koju već, a za koje su male šanse da su ikad bile ili da će biti u široj upotrebi). Ako pitanje pravopisa predstavlja praktičan problem za svakodnevni rad ovdje, neka zajednica glasanjem odluči hoćemo li, dok ne bude dugoročnog rješenja, ostati na verziji iz 1996. ili preći na ovu "taze iz magaze". Pokušavam biti neutralan koliko mogu, ali ne znam koliko mogu to biti. :-) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 01:18, 15 juni 2018 (CEST) :::: Pravopis iz 2018. možda ima nekih ludih izraza (vjerojatno, bombonijera, kava, ...) Ima i dosta dubleta (lako, meko, vazduhoplovstvo...). Ipak predlažem da ne idemo unazad zbog preimenovanja država (svako prvo slovo početno je super, Armenija je već normalan naziv itd.), nego da uzmemo ono što valja iz Pravopisa, kao što smo radili i ranije (npr. Jerusalim nismo koristili, niti Mesopotamiju, niti hromozom čini mi se, a stoje u Pravopisu iz 1996.), da ne koristimo jasno nepravilne izraze. Iako nismo koristili navedene termine, svi su znali zašto. Dodato je varoš kao muški rod (Yahadziji bi se svidjelo). "Uredu" je ostavljeno, a "u pravu" je promijenjeno. Sve u svemu, nije toliko loše kako se priča. --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 02:06, 15 juni 2018 (CEST) :::: Lično nemam nekakvih problema s Halilovićevim novim pravopisom. Jest da je ubacio te neke dublete koji bi se mogli okarakterizirati kao "pretežno hrvatski" (poput ovog "vjerojatno" i "kava"), ali ima dosta korisnih dubleta i generalno drugih stvari koje imaju smisla. Nisam za unazadovanje na ovaj iz '96, ali nisam baš ni za selektivnu primjenu po principu "e, ovo mi se sviđa, to može; ovo ne, to ne može" (nisu ni meni bila naročito dobra neka rješenja iz '96, poput "h" u "lahko" ili "mehko" ili "hromo''s''om" kojeg je Munja spomenuo, ali opet sam tako pisao jer nema smisla tražiti da se ne primjenjuje u potpunosti jer se meni nešto lično ne sviđa). Isto tako ne vjerujem da možemo odlučivati o načinu pisanja većinski, odnosno nekim glasanjem. To bi se svelo na prosto lične preferencije, a ne nešto konrektno (jer je doslovno nemoguće objektivno odlučiti koji bi bio "bolji" od tih predstojećih). Uglavnom, ako bude tih više, mislim da rješenje s en.wiki nije loše prema kojem prvobitni autor odlučuje kojim će pisati, a na SZR se stavi [[:en:Template:British English Oxford spelling|odgovarajući šablon za pravopis koji se koristi]]. Ja ću se dotada (a i vjerovatno nakon što izađu ti drugi) koristiti ovim iz 2018. – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 10:30, 15 juni 2018 (CEST) ::::: Mislim da uvođenje sinonima nije nikakav problem, štaviše, to je obogaćivanje jezika. Ni u kom se slučaju ne smijemo voditi logikom da se to nekome sviđa ili ne. Kako nismo svi filolozi, odnosno jezikoslovci, osim našeg KWikija, prepustio bih to stručnjacima da odlučuju šta je pravilno, a šta ne, piscima da obogaćuju rječnik, a mi da ga koristimo koliko možemo pravilno i po pravilima. Jezik je živa materija i mijenja se. Postoji i u drugim jezicima ista problematika, pa se od toga ne stvara problem. U njemačkom jeziku grupa književnika izbjegava novi pravopis (npr. Elfriede Jelinek), pa od toga niko ne pravi problem. Zbog kompleksnosti materije izbjegavao bi diskusije šta je tačno, a šta ne, kao i forsiranje neke varijante iz ličnih principa. I ja ne pišem onako kako govorim i kako sam naučio, nego se prilagođavam pravilima. A to da me neko ispravlja na stranicama za razgovor je druga tema, ako mi kad izleti neka varijacija koja se ne koristi često u bosanskom jeziku. Zato pustimo čovjeka da radi svoj posao i nadajmo se da radi onako kako najbolje zna! – [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 11:15, 15 juni 2018 (CEST) :::::: H u "lahko" i "mehko" etimološko je (usp. slovensko ''lahko'', da ne idem do praslavenskog korijena); međutim, H je 1996. ubacivano u mnoge riječi gdje mu nema mjesta (ja se, npr., i dan-danas užasavam "hudovice", kojoj je korijen isti kao engleskom "widow" ili njemačkom "Witwe" /prvo je bilo ''vdova'' od tog korijena, pa se V vokaliziralo daljnjim razvojem jezika/, ili "halata"). Nadam se da je ovaj novi to popravio (kolega me zamolio da mu ga posudim bukvalno čim sam ga dobio u ruke; još je kod njega, tako da ga još nisam ni pogledao). Dubleti generalno nisu loša stvar nego bogatstvo jezika, pogotovo u primjerima kad je neku riječ neophodno ponoviti više puta u istoj rečenici ili pasusu, no ipak su u praksi neki zastupljeniji od drugih (što, opet, dovodi u priču regionalne razlike). A slažem se s prijedlogom i rješenjem s EN Wiki. Sloboda izbora postoji (pogotovo sada), pa neka se i primjenjuje. A za ovo glasanje: prije svega što tu piše stoji jedno "Ako", što je ključna riječ. :) Inače, problem s novim pravopisom leži u činjenici da ga je Halilović radio praktično na svoju ruku, s uskim krugom njegovih saradnika na fakultetu, isključivši sve druge relevantne bh. lingviste (nije ponudio saradnju nikome mimo tog svog kruga; da jest, sigurno bi mu neko od njih ukazao na neke promašaje), a pravopis bi se trebao raditi na institucionalnom nivou ili, eventualno, ovako kao sada, ali da dobije odobrenje i podršku od institucija relevantnih za pravopis i jezik općenito, kao što je to slučaj u većini država. No, sad imamo što imamo, a život ide dalje. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 17:04, 15 juni 2018 (CEST) ::::::: Nema ni "hudovice", a ni "halata" u pravopisnom rječniku (tako barem veli mobilna aplikacija). ;-) – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 01:04, 16 juni 2018 (CEST) :::::::: Neće biti nikakvih glasanja, kao što neko spominje, ali će biti opet "preglasavanja" u smislu koju varijantu/inačicu (grrrrrrr) ćemo koristiti za naslove članaka. Naprimjer, ovo je idealna šansa ovima "personama" što premiještaju i što uživaju u premiještanju članaka da sad pokrenu veliku/ogromnu/golemu (grrr) kampanju za premještanje "iz pravilnog u pravilno", poput hljeba/kruha, mislim da je red da ove godine bude '''[[kruh]]''' iz prostog razloga jer je hljeb bio već dugo godina. A mogli bi razmisliti i na vraćanje stoljeća umjesto vijekova, npr. [[20. stoljeće]] je bilo baš cool po novom pravopisu.--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 12:21, 18 juni 2018 (CEST) ::::::::: Ne bi trebalo biti ni preglašavanja jer pravopis faktički onemogućava uniformnost pružanjem ovoliko dubleta (meni je lično žao zbog toga jer volim kad su stvari jednolične, ali s druge strane, možda je ovako i bolje, jer nećemo namećati subjektivno određenu "bolju" formu /osim u kategorijama, jer ''tehnički'' nije izdovljivo imati dvojne nazive, a da se članci ispravno kategoriziraju/). Dakle, autor bira koje će varijante koristiti u članku koji piše (to se odnosi i na naziv članka) i niko ih ne smije mijenjati / premještati bez valjanog razloga. Inače, jedini valjani razlog koji meni pada na pamet jest proširivanje malog članka u veći; u tom slučaju ima smisla da "novi" autor izabere šta želi. Naravno, jasno je da se sinonimi moraju navesti u uvodu te da se moraju napraviti preusmjerenja. Znači, niko ti ne smije mijenjati "dušik" u "azot", "kalaj" u "kositar" ili "vijek" u "stoljeće" itd. u postojećim člancima, ali vrijedi i obrnuto za buduće članke. Isto tako možeš proći kroz članke koje si pisao i izmijeniti određene oblike u slučaju da si neke želio koristiti, a prethodni ih pravopis nije dozvoljavao.<br />Što se nedavnih premještanja tiče, Munja i Šemso premjestili su "Ermeniju" na "Armeniju" jer prvog oblika više nema (nema ni "Jermenije"), a isto sam uradio s "Teksasom". Nisam 100% siguran, ali pored tih primjera i onog pisanja bivših država, mislim da nema puno stvari koje se ''moraju'' mijenjati. :-) – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 13:42, 18 juni 2018 (CEST) ::::::::::Naravno, isti smo što se tiče ''uniformnosti'', upravo zbog toga me i ljuti mnogo toga iz novog prijedloga Pravopisa, ali pošto nisam od te struke, ne mogu se ''sukobljavati'' sa [[Korisnik:KWiki|Pravopiscem]], kako on odluči to je tako. :) --- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 14:20, 18 juni 2018 (CEST) == Container category == Treba mi korektan prijevod za "Container category". Radi se o kategoriji [[:en:Category:Container categories]] i šablonu [[:en:Template:Container category]]. Zna li neko kako bi ovo najbolje bilo prevesti? Kontekst: radi se o kategorijama koje sadrže samo potkategorije. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 23:04, 26 august 2018 (CEST) : Doslovni prijevod (kontejner) mi je rogobatan. Możda glavne ili sadržajne kategorije?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 06:37, 27 august 2018 (CEST) ::Sr.wiki ih naziva roditeljske?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 06:51, 27 august 2018 (CEST) ::: 👍 I ja sam mislio na "''Sadržajne kategorije''", ali nisam bio siguran za prijevod. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 10:25, 27 august 2018 (CEST) == Naslov filma prijedlog == Molim prijedloge za prevod naslova filma ''Alien'' (1979): novija obrada navodi ''Osmi putnik'', ali ja pamtim da se nekad zvao ''Monstrum'', ''Nostromo'' i sl. -- [[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 20:09, 23 januar 2019 (CET) : ''Osmi putnik'' – već se ustalilo na našim tržištima. U razgovoru se naslov često ni ne prevodi. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:56, 23 januar 2019 (CET) ::Dobro, hvala puno. U člancima o glumcima i režiserima bilo bi i bolje da ostane originalni naziv (zbog lakše pretrage) a naslov članka o samom filmu bi se mogao prevesti.--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 13:54, 3 februar 2019 (CET) == Crtice kod imena == Nisam siguran da li trebam ili ne trebam dodavati crtice npr. John von Neuman-ova -ov -ovo... itd. Može li mi neko pomoći ko zna oficijelno šta je pravilno? [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 10:02, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) : Mislim da ne treba. To su padežni nastavci i oni se pisu bez crte.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:22, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) :: Isto tako, nisam siguran šta sa imena. Naprimjer, John'''u''' Neumannu ili John Neumannu. [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 10:24, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) ::: Oba se imena mjenjaju u padežu, mada mislim da ako je duplo ime (Ana-Marija) da se mijenja samo drugo ime, jer se takva forma smatra kao jedno ime.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:34, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) :::: @AnToni: Vidi se da neko prati na časovima. :-D @Mhare, ako crtice ne pišemo kod naših imena, zašto bismo ih pisali kod stranih? Ime je ime. ;-) Analogno tome: Ako nikad ne bi rekao "(Dodao je loptu) Safet Sušiću" (a ne bi), zašto bi rekao "...John Neumannu"? ;-) Izuzetak su, naravno, kineska, korejska, mjanmarska i njima slična imena. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 11:34, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) :::::Viđao sam ponekad negdje tako napisano, a nisam bio siguran da li je pravilno. Nažalost, na dosta sam članaka dodavao crtice. Ali, evo, korigujem se. [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 12:21, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) ::::::A šta npr. sa ovim JavaScript-om ili JavaScriptom? [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 13:53, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) ::::::: Ista stvar. Nastavci se odvajaju crticom jedino od akronima: NATO-a, UNESCO-ov itd. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 15:51, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) == Nazivi pjesama velikim početnim slovom == Često se može u člancima o muzičkim albumima, naći na naslove pjesama gdje svaka riječ počinje velikim slovom. Mislim da na bs to nije pravilno!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 22:55, 27 januar 2021 (CET) :Slažem se. Kolega [[Korisnik:Hattab|Hattab]] koji je prije skoro 10 godina i uradio stranice o albumima legendarnog Vatrenog poljupca, je samo prekopirao nazive pjesama sa interneta bez ispravljanja ove pravopisne greške. Hvala AnToni što si ukazao na ovu sitnicu, koja je meni u brzini promakla da je ispravim. Nevezano za ovo, reci mi jesi li pronašao piše li se O(o)pus kod simfonija malim ili velikim slovom? Ja sam gledao na internetu i našoj wikipediji u vezi ovoga i nisam ništa našao, pa sam zbog toga stavio veliko slovo kako je urađeno na en wiki. Evo slučajno sam ugledao [[Simfonija br. 5 (Beethoven)|ovu]] stranicu koju je započeo kolega Palapa. On je stavio opus u nazivu ove simfonije malim slovom. Ako je to pravilno, e onda ċu ja ispraviti sve Mozartove simfonije, kao i druge stranice u kojima se ovakva pravopisna greška pojavljuje. [[Korisnik:Nerko65|Nerko65]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Nerko65|razgovor]]) 23:40, 27 januar 2021 (CET) ::Popravit ću i ja gdje naletim...a za opus: siguran sam da se skraćeno piše početnim slovom. Dakle "Peta simfonija, op. 48." Nije glavna imenica, nije vlastito ili kakvo drugo ime, te tim slijedom (bez da na njemačkom razmišljam) piše se u rečenici, ili nazivu muzičkog djela malim slovom.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 23:51, 27 januar 2021 (CET) Dogovoreno.[[Korisnik:Nerko65|Nerko65]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Nerko65|razgovor]]) 00:15, 28 januar 2021 (CET) == Bjelančevina/protein == {{spomeni|KWiki}}, {{spomeni|Srđan}}, {{spomeni|AnToni}}, {{spomeni|Mhare}}, i ostali urednici, napravio sam danas [[Šablon:Infokutija gen]] (koji uključuje [[Modul:Infokutija gen]]) koji nema parametara već na osnovu naslova popunjava infokutiju sa podacima sa Wikidate (primjer [[Mioglobin]]). Šablon se pored gena koristi i za proteine/bjelančevine, te bi bilo dobro da ujednačimo glavni naziv koji ćemo koristiti (pošto su oba ispravna po pravopisu). Trenutno stranje je takvo da glavni člank nosi naziv [[Bjelančevine]], postoje obe kategorije i [[:Kategorija:Proteini]] i [[:Kategorija:Bjelančevine]], te u svim ostalim člancima vezanim za temu (kompleksi, strukture, grupe, itd) koristi se termin Protein. Iz navedenog razloga i jednostavnosti implementacije šablona koji vuče izraze sa Wikipodataka, gdje također imamo istu situaciju sa nazivima (sve je protein/sko osim naziva glavnog članka/stavke) mislim da bi za glavni naziv trebali uzeti Protein. Volio bih da čujem i vaša mišljenja i da dođemo do konsenzusa. --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 22:19, 25 maj 2021 (CEST) : Obje su u upotrebi i u knjigama i u govoru, tako da treba uzeti ono što je praktičnije ovdje. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 01:15, 26 maj 2021 (CEST) :: E, ali šta uzeti za glavno? :-) Prvenstveno da izbjegnemo te duple kategorije i šarene nazive. Lično mi je svejedno, samo da nešto izaberemo. – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 17:35, 6 juni 2021 (CEST) ::: Tehnički je lakše ''Kategoriju:Proteini'' (manja je) prebaciti u ''Kategoriju:Bjelančevine''. Bitno je da nemamo duple kategorije i da se stvore glavne i podkategorije. I da se ubuduće pazi da se ne stvaraju duple!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 17:45, 6 juni 2021 (CEST) :::: Jeste možda malo tehnički lakše prebaciti tu konkretnu kategoriju (jer nema podkategorija), ali kao što sam gore naveo pored te kategorije naziv protein se puno više koristi (u tržilici – protein: 1.863 rezultata i u desetine naslova članaka; bjelančevina: 730 rezultat i u naslovu 2 članka). Ja sam za to da koristimo protein u naslovima kategorija i članaka (zbog ujednačenosti i kod nas na wiki, a i sa nazivima na Wikipodacima gdje se koristi protein/ski), a naravno u člancima da se i dalje mogu koristiti oba izraza kao što to pravopis dozvoljava.--[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 19:54, 6 juni 2021 (CEST) ::::: Bitno je da nađemo brzo i jednostavno rješenje - a nemam ništa protiv tehničkog Šemsinog prijedloga. Za pravopis imamo Kwikija.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 20:28, 6 juni 2021 (CEST) == Pravopisni prijedlozi za AWB == Bok svima! Otvorio sam stranicu pravopisnih prijedloga za [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] na [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos|ovoj podstranici]]. Vodio sam se popisom dostupnim na [[Wikipedia:Pravilno-nepravilno u bosanskom jeziku]]. Molim provjerite ima li pogrešaka ili nedostataka i ispravite po potrebi. Ako imate prijedlog ali ne znate kako ispraviti, slobodno ostavite komentar na ovu temu. [[Korisnik:Ivi104|Ivi104]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Ivi104|razgovor]]) 21:37, 4 januar 2022 (CET) :Dobra ideja, međutim spisak nije baš najbolji uzorak, te će trebati malo popraviti prije no se AWB aktivira. [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 21:49, 4 januar 2022 (CET) ::Nadalje treba paziti na strana imena geografskih pojmova. Ukoliko se bude npr. mijenjalo Steiermark u imenima datoteka u Štajerska će prouzrokovati greške u prikazivanju grafika i datoteka koje u svojim imenima sadrže njemački naziv Steiermark. [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 22:15, 4 januar 2022 (CET) :::{{ping|AnToni}} Puno hvala na ispravcima! Ako se dobro sjećam, AWB sam pazi da ne mijenja pravopis u imenima datoteka, šablona, interwikija i sličnoga. Još ću vidjeti mogu li uvesti riječi iz MS Word autocorrecta i dodati ih u AWB. Stay tuned! [[File:Face-grin.svg|20px]] [[Korisnik:Ivi104|Ivi104]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Ivi104|razgovor]]) 22:55, 4 januar 2022 (CET) ::::Ja sam nekada radio s AWB-om, te mislim da ima opcija da ne mijenja imena datoteka, ali tomu je već godina, pa nisam u formi. U svakom slučaju, dopunit ćemo spisak, pa popraviti greške. [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 22:58, 4 januar 2022 (CET) omr6gdmscws4eauu85568jij1q8m7pk 3427035 3426943 2022-08-02T10:38:03Z ClearDoer 144752 wikitext text/x-wiki 3427042 3427035 2022-08-02T10:40:28Z Base 49245 Vraćene izmjene korisnika [[Special:Contributions/ClearDoer|ClearDoer]] ([[User talk:ClearDoer|razgovor]]) na posljednju izmjenu korisnika [[User:AnToni|AnToni]] wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Čaršija|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starija pitanja možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Pravopis break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> '''Dobro došli na odjeljak Čaršije za pravopisna pitanja!''' Ovdje možete postaviti sva pitanja koja se tiču [[Pravopis bosanskog jezika|pravopisa]] [[Bosanski jezik|bosanskog jezika]]. Osim pitanja, moguće je otvoriti dikusiju o pravilnom pisanju ili usvajanju nekih izraza kao standardnih, čime se olakšava vođenje internih linkova. Za orijentaciju može poslužiti stranica [[Wikipedia:Pravilno-nepravilno u bosanskom jeziku|Pravilno/nepravilno]]. Postavljena pitanja i problemi bit će riješeni u najkraćem roku od strane za to kompetentnog tima. Kad se problem riješi, onda ga označite šablonom {{tl|Urađeno}} ili {{tl|ok}}. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Postavi novo pitanje|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Pravopis&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #169086; border: #169086; color:white;}} </div> }} __TOC__ == "Asparagus officinalis" == [[Datoteka:Asparagus-Bundle.jpg|thumb|desno|80px]] Kao dežurni ''kuhar'' na wikiju, svečano otvaram ovu sekciju Čaršije. Kao prvo treba mi '''ispravan''' naziv za ovu biljku: ''šparoga'' ili ''špargla''. --<font style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#df0578 0.1em 0.1em 1.5em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^razgovor]]</font> 12:05, 23 decembar 2014 (CET) : Možda čak oboje. :) Nema u pravopisu. Ali ja biram šparogu (samo kao riječ, ne i kao jelo :)). Eto, moj [[Jamie Oliver|Jamie]] – uključi ringlu. :P -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:44, 23 decembar 2014 (CET) :: Super stvar, podržavam. Samo mislim da postoji već nešto slično negdje na wikiju, pa bi se odatle možda trebalo napraviti preusmjerenje.<br /> :::Izgleda da su oba imena u upotrebi. Ja mogu napraviti kompletan prilog o Asparagusu. Moja supruga ga sprema nekoliko puta mjesečno :). :::''[[Asparagus officinalis]] (Linnéé) – Convallariaceae Drugi nazivi: [[špargla]], vilina metla, pitoma [[šparoga]], betricia. To je trajna'' :::''zeljasta biljka visine i do 120 centimetara. Ima kratak, vodoravan, drvenast i jako razvijen korijen.....itd... Neke druge vrste'' :::''šparoga kao što su sparožina (Asparagus acutifolius L.), morska špargla (Asparagus maritimus, L) također se upotrebljavaju za jelo'' :::''i u primorju se smatraju za ukusnije i zdravilje od kultivisane šparoge....''Iz knige Ljekovito bilje i jetra, Dr. Enesa Hasanagića, Svjetlost, Sarajevo, 1984. str.149) --[[Korisnik:Novinar|BigV]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Novinar|razgovor]]) 04:35, 21 januar 2015 (CET) :: Za Tonija također +1 za navigaciju na različite sekcije Čaršije. Treba još malo bolje urediti to, ali neka stoji za sada pa ću ja čim stignem. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<font style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></font>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<font color="green"><b>r</b></font>]])} 21:37, 23 decembar 2014 (CET) == Najčešće greške u jeziku == Za ove koji se malo muče s jezikom evo [http://www.ciklopea.com/hr/blog/konzalting/101-najcesca-pogreska-u-hrvatskom-jeziku/269/# nečega korisnog]. Na hrvatskom je, ali 96,48% stvari :-) važi i kod nas. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 17:15, 17 april 2015 (CEST) == O pravopisu == Zar stvarno svaki put trebam ponavljati neke stvari? Dakle, pravopis je dostupan, neki su ga možda i skinuli, ali osim skidanja '''treba i zaviriti''' u njega prije izmjena na svoju ruku; ne znam ni ja sve napamet. Ne slažem se ni ja sa svim rješenjima i zaista je potrebna revizija koja bi dala neko dugoročnije rješenje, ali to nije na nama i dotad važi ovako kako sad piše (mislim, ako se već želimo držati službenog, važećeg pravopisa bosanskog jezika; ako ne želimo, onda ništa). Šta je tu je. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:26, 4 maj 2015 (CEST) :Ok šefe, kako ti kažeš. --<font style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#df0578 0.1em 0.1em 1.5em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</font> 16:48, 4 maj 2015 (CEST) == Srpski vs. srbijanski == Trebalo bi se pripaziti na promjene kategorija sa pridjevom ''srpski'' u ''srbijanski''! Pridjev srbijanski označava osobinu nečega što ima sjedište u Srbiji, dok pridjev srpski govori o pripadnosti srpskom narodu! Mislim da je jasno bez navođenja primjera!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC;"><span style="color:red;">ra</span><span style="color:green;">zg</span><span style="color:gold;">ov</span><span style="color:black;">or</span></span>'']])} 16:43, 11 maj 2015 (CEST) == Brazilsko grožđe == [[Datoteka:Jabuticaba fruto.jpg|mini|150px|desno]] Privremeno sam stavio kao [[žabutikaba]]. Slušao sam portugalski izgovor, možda je čak i džabutikaba, s tim da ono '''t''' ide na naše '''ć''', ali bih ostavio kao t. U našim vrlim medijima (koji samo jedni od drugih prepisuju) sreo sam i jabutikabu (jučer Avazov portal kao i blic.rs). Na kraju krajeva, ima i univerzalna varijanta da ostavimo na latinskom. --سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 09:31, 8 juni 2015 (CEST) :Ne znam koliko je primjenjivo pravilo o transkripciji sa portugalskog na srpski jezik u slučaju bosanskog, ali ako je primenjivo J se prenosi kao Ž, a C kao K (osim u slučajevima kada je C ispred E i I i tada se prenosi kao C). Dakle '''J'''abuti'''c'''aba je '''Ž'''abuti'''k'''aba. --[[Korisnik:НиколаБ|NikolaB]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:НиколаБ|razgovor]]) 11:11, 8 juni 2015 (CEST) :: Znam, Nikola, da je u pitanju vlastita imenica, ne bih ni pitao jer na bosanskom ide u izvornom obliku (dakle jabuticaba). Međutim, ovo je samo naziv tog voća, a ako ne postoji nigdje kod nas ime za tu biljku onda je ne moramo ni izmišljati. To što kažeš za srpski naziv je sigurno tačan, jer sam slušao i izgovor portugalskog naziva.--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 11:14, 8 juni 2015 (CEST) ::: U redu je ovako (fonetski); nemamo našu riječ, pa je prilagođavamo našem jeziku jer se radi o voću, a ne o ljudskom biću. A ovo što spominješ za ć: brazilski portugalski palatalizira D i T ispred I i E u izgovoru (pisanje se ne mijenja), za razliku od izvornog portugalskog. To je samo jedna od razlika. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:18, 8 juni 2015 (CEST) :::: Eto kraj tebe ću još i portugalski naučiti, [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]]. Hvala obojici. --سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 12:24, 8 juni 2015 (CEST) == UN == @[[Korisnik:AnToni|Toni]] i [[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]]: Radeći sad ovaj članak o [[Konferencija Ujedinjenih naroda o međunarodnoj organizaciji|konferenciji]], prošlo mi je kroz glavu da je možda ispravnije "Ujedinjene nacije" nego "Ujedinjeni narodi" jer "narod" i "nacija" nisu isto: "nacija" podrazumijeva (ako se ne varam; pišem iz glave) narod koji ima državnost, a "narod" je narod općenito, imao on državnost ili ne. Da li da sad preimenujemo sve dotične članke? -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:07, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) : Ako se usaglasimo, možemo promijeniti. Ali prvo da definišemo kako i šta, pa tek onda mijenjam, odnosno preusmjeravam!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<span style="font-size:small; font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; color:red;">'''''R'''''</span>]])} 16:09, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) :: Zato sam prvo i pitao šta ćemo. A lahko je za definiranje: ako se usaglasimo, onda se "...narodi" mijenja u "...nacije" u svim nazivima članaka i kategorija (pritom obratiti pažnju na rod pridjeva jer "narodi" i "nacije" nisu istog roda). A onda se (eventualno) botom nekad mogu izvršiti korekcije u tekstovima tih članaka. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:19, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) :::Pa ako uzmemo Kurde i sl. narode bez države, ispalo bi da su oni članovi UN-a, a nisu (kao takvi). Opet nacije, ako je to preciznije (a pogledamo li druge wiki) ispada da su svi osim nas, hr. i sh. stavili nacije (de, sr i druge). Vjerovatno da je to jedna (općeprihvaćena) greška.--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 16:22, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) :Svakako bi trebala ići ''nacija''. Gledao sam malo definicije, i "narod" je definitivno opširniji pojam, te može označavati i narode unutar nacije (kao npr. domorodački narodi Kanade [http://i.imgur.com/ZPuqoiz.png u definiciji 2 s lijeve strane], a naravno da oni neće imati predstavnika u UN-u). Ionako svi ostali službeni nazivi koriste "nacija" (fr. [[:fr:Organisation des Nations unies|Organisation des ''Nations'' unies]], ru. [[:ru:Организация Объединённых Наций|Организация Объединённых ''Наций'']], šp. [[:es:Naciones Unidas|''Naciones'' Unidas]]) pa zašto ne bismo i mi? --<span style="background-color:#3E50B4;">&nbsp;[[User:Srdjan m|<span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Srđan</span>]]&nbsp;[[User_talk:Srdjan m|<span style="color:#FFFFFF;">💬</span>]]&nbsp;</span> 16:35, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) :: Znači, izgleda da smo se usaglasili. Dolje narodi, živjele nacije! :-) Upravo zbog te općeprihvaćene greške treba ostaviti preusmjerenje mada inače ne bi trebalo (iz očitih razloga; Kurdi su baš dobar primjer, a ima ih još ko zna koliko). P. S: Ima još jedno genijalno rješenje: jednostavno svuda pisati "UN" i nema greške. :-) -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:37, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) :::Evo da i ja potvrdim ;) Nacija for the win. (Cera suzdrži se neadekvatnih komentara) --<font face="Consolas" size="3">[[Korisnik:Munja-x64|<font style="color:#9E109E; text-shadow:0 0 1em">Munja</font>]]&nbsp;[[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Munja-x64|<font style="color:#D2691E; text-shadow:0 0 1em">(x64)</font>]]</font> 16:38, 27 juni 2015 (CEST) == Naziv elektrana == Šta je pravilno kod blokova elektrana : Blok 1 Fukushima ili Fukushima blok 1?--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 12:15, 29 august 2015 (CEST) : Blok 1 NE (= nuklearne elektrane) Fukushima. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 17:26, 29 august 2015 (CEST) ::Hvala :-)--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 14:04, 30 august 2015 (CEST) == Devize, devize == Kako izražavamo vrijednosti valuta: originalni naziv ili [[ISO 4217]]? Trenutno radim na [[češka kruna|češkoj kruni]] originalna skraćenica je Kč a prema ISO 4217 CZK.--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 20:43, 5 septembar 2015 (CEST) : valjda isto kao i kod naše marke: KM i BAM --[[Posebno:Doprinos/5.102.179.116|5.102.179.116]] 21:20, 5 septembar 2015 (CEST) ::Jednako kao što se koristi KM za marke, tako i Čk za češke krune (kao i $ za dolare, a ne USD!). Oznaka BAM se u bosanskom jeziku rijetko koristi. Također, pogledao sam članak i treba pisati "august", a ne "avgust"! --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 22:52, 5 septembar 2015 (CEST) == Autarkija ili autarkičnost? == Šta je pravilnije ili ima li neki drugi pojam za izraz ''ekonomske neovisnosti od inostranstva''?--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 19:25, 10 juni 2016 (CEST) :Autar'''h'''ija.--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 19:38, 10 juni 2016 (CEST) :: Potvrđeno by struka. :-) -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 19:40, 10 juni 2016 (CEST) Cijeli Darkwood se zahvaljuje. :-) --[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 21:44, 10 juni 2016 (CEST) == Zvjezdana populacija == Šta je pravilnije: "Zvijezde prve populacije" ili "Prva zvjezdana populacija"? -- [[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 22:25, 13 januar 2017 (CET) : Nije moj teren, ali gledajući okolo, vidim da može i "Zvijezde populacije I" (populacije su ipak imenovane tako da je broj na drugom mjestu). :-) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:57, 13 januar 2017 (CET) ::Hvala ti. Evo upravo se dokopah knjige "Galaksije i kosmologija" {{ISBN|978-2-7298-4083-9}} od Françoise Combes. Na str. 21 i 150 se spominje "zvjezdana populacija" a inače samo skraćeno populacija I i populacija II.--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 21:26, 28 februar 2017 (CET) ==Elektrane== Molim za prijedloge (by struka :-) and others), odnosno je li ovo u redu?: * ključajući reaktor * reaktor pod pritiskom (PWR) * gasno-parna elektrana --[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 21:21, 28 februar 2017 (CET) == Prijevod == *Kako bi mogli prevesti Gamma-Ray-Outburst? **Izbijanje gama zračenja? **Eksplozija gama zračenja? Molim za prijedloge. -- [[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 22:02, 26 maj 2017 (CEST) : [[:hr:Bljesak gama-zračenja|Proberi]]. :-) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:44, 26 maj 2017 (CEST) Hvala ti.--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 20:07, 29 maj 2017 (CEST) == Umjetnost == {{FlowMention|KWiki}}, rezbarija ''u drvetu'' ili ''u drvu'', koja je razlika, i btw. jesi li u šeheru ;)? (odg. na ovo posljednje može na Viber). --- <font style="white-space:nowrap">[[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃CH₂OCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]]</font> 08:19, 4 juli 2017 (CEST) : Koliko se ja u drvo razumijem pravilna su oba izraza. No, ''u drvu'' je više zapadna varijanta, koji su birvaktile neki moji profesori pretendirali na fakultetu, čisto iz razloga tehološke terminologije. Čak je postojala teza da se na fakultetima u bivšoj nam zemlji svugdje koristi taj izraz, da bi se razgraničili drvo kao poluproizvod i drvo kao stablo. No to je bila teza jedne grupe profesora, koji su htjeli uvesti i nove izraze za dasku, šprosnu, fosnu i sl. Nije zaživila... al neka nam naš cijenjeni kolega odluči.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<span style="font-size:small; font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; color:red;">'''''R'''''</span>]])} 11:58, 4 juli 2017 (CEST) :: A) Stablo: "N jd. drvo – G jd. drveta"; b) građa, materijal, ogrjev: "N jd. drvo – G jd. drva". A u Šeheru sam opet od ponedjeljka, aBd, i to malo duže (s tim da će mi vikendi vjerovatno biti slobodni). – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:40, 13 juli 2017 (CEST) == Stilske upute == Kao "glavni i odgovorni" za jezik, stil i pravopis, ovdje ću ubacivati neke opće stilske napomene kako mi bude dolazilo pod ruku (sad mi je nešto naletjelo prilikom jedne izmjene). [Znam da ima posebna pomoćna stranica, ali svako će prije potražiti ovdje, ako ko i bude tražio. :-) Lahko je kasnije prebaciti ili povezati na neki način ako bude trebalo]. Važe za sve članke, a i korisnike; '''izuzetak od svih stavki jesu, naravno, citati izrečeni ili napisani na bilo kojem od četiri regionalna standarda''' (BS, HR, SR, CG). Redoslijed stavki ne igra ulogu. Napomena: Nije smak svijeta ako se negdje nešto ne ispoštuje, ali ovako je jednostavno bolje i preciznije. * '''Uvijek''' izbjegavati (i popravljati gdje već ima, kako ko naiđe dok radi) konstrukciju "pasiv + ''od strane''...", osim gdje baš ne može nego tako; taj dio treba preformulirati u aktiv, vodeći računa o tome da se ništa ne oduzme od misli ili značenja. * Umjesto "poslanici" (u skupštini) upotrebljavati "zastupnici" (niko njih ne šalje, oni zastupaju one koji su glasali za njih, ili bi barem trebali zastupati). * Brojeve od jedan do deset pisati slovima (uključujući i deset). Za nulu (do daljnjeg) ostavljam slobodu izbora jer svakako nije broj. :-) * Umjesto "radi se o..." pisati / mijenjati u "riječ je o...". * Prijedlog "oko" vrlo se često pogrešno upotrebljava. Kad označava približnu vrijednost / brojku, umjesto njega upotrebljavati "približno" ili "blizu" (naravno, to ne važi za godine u stoljeću jer je to zapravo "lokacija" u vremenu, a "oko" ima primarno mjesno značenje). Dalje, nisu razgovori / sporovi / rasprave / polemike / diskusije i tome slično ''oko nečega'' nego '''o nečemu''' ili '''u vezi s nečim'''. * Prilog "skoro" u praksi se jednako često pogrešno upotrebljava tamo gdje bi trebalo napisati "gotovo"; "skoro" ima '''vremensko''' značenje i u tom ga smislu treba i upotrebljavati. **<u>Primjer A:</u> ''Skoro smo stigli.'' = maloprije, nedavno; ''Gotovo smo stigli.'' = Nismo stigli, ali blizu smo, samo što nismo. (Kao što se vidi, razlika je osjetna.) **<u>Primjer B:</u> "Kina ima <s>skoro</s> milijardu i po stanovnika." -> "Kina ima gotovo milijardu i po stanovnika." * Enklitike se vrlo često stavljaju na pogrešna mjesta u rečenici, naročito u prvoj rečenici članka. U vezi s time pogledati [[Wikipedia:Pravilno-nepravilno u bosanskom jeziku#Enklitike|ovo objašnjenje]]. (Nastavit će se, aBd.) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 10:12, 11 oktobar 2017 (CEST) :U stručnim tekstovima je u njemačkom obavezan pasiv. Treba li pasiv uvijek izbjegavati?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:47, 11 oktobar 2017 (CEST) :: Nije samo u njemačkom – čest je i u ostalim "zapadnoevropskim" jezicima, da se tako izrazim. A treba ga izbjegavati kad god je to moguće jer nije karakterističan za prirodni jezički izraz u našem jeziku. (Naravno, ovo ne važi za književnost.) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 10:57, 11 oktobar 2017 (CEST) :Kad već ispravljamo stilske stvari, mislim da ne bi bilo loše da usput izjednačavamo stil uvoda. Primijetio sam, uglavnom kod [[Keith O'Brien|članaka]] prebačenih s hr i sh.wikija, da je uvod većinom u formatu :* "'''Ime Prezime''' / '''Neka stvar''' (nešto u zagradi)''',''' ''nešto-nešto u stilu rječničkog unosa''" umjesto :* "'''Ime Prezime''' / '''Neka stvar''' (nešto u zagradi) bio/-la je/jest ''cijela rečenica''". : Pretpostavljam da je ovo sa zarezom rađeno u štampanim enciklopedijama da se uštedi prostor i da se ne mora ažurirati unos kad neko umre (što je, naravno, doslovno nemoguće bez novog izdanja), a budući da smo u digitali, ne vidim potrebu za tim. Isto tako bi trebalo premještati/stvarati članke s ispravnom crtom (–) umjesto crtice (-) kad se misli na raspon datuma i [[Svjetsko prvenstvo u atletici 2017 - bacanje kugle (muškarci)|kod]] [[Navier–Stokesove jednačine|drugih]] [[Nogometne utakmice Makedonija - Holandija|upotreba]]<!-- Mislim da u potonjem primjeru treba primaknuta crta, tj. Makedonija–Holandija, ali nek' KWiki provjeri. ;-) -->, s tim da se obavezno napravi preusmjerenje s običnom crticom (kao što se radi [[Stadion Santiago Bernabéu|s člancima]] [[Stadion Asim Ferhatović Hase|koji]] [[Stadion Juventus|imaju]] [[Spisak epizoda Dr. Housea|navodnike]] ili [[Jose Mourinho|"strana"]] [[Rafael Benitez|slova]] [[Luis Suarez|u naslovu]]) da ih je lako<!-- Ne ispravljati. --> naći pretragom i upotrebljavati pri pisanju drugih tekstova. Imamo preusmjerenja, majku mu, nije ih sramota upotrebljavati. ;-) – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 11:46, 11 oktobar 2017 (CEST) :*P. S: Crtice se ne moraju odmah ispravljati u tekstovima, ali moraju u šablonima (da se plavi link podeblja i pocrni u odgovarajućim člancima). Znači, kad premjestite neki članak, obavezno provjeriti upotrebljava li se prethodni naziv (s -) u šablonima pomoću "{{int:whatlinkshere}}", odnosno [[Special:WhatLinksHere]] (izabrati imenski prostor "Šablon" u padajućem meniju). – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 12:07, 28 oktobar 2017 (CEST) : Sad mi je baš palo na pamet da bi sve ovo što si napisao valjalo nekako uklopiti u [[Wikipedia:Stilski priručnik|interni stilski priručnik]], pa vidi kad budeš imao vremena i volje :-). – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 14:45, 19 april 2018 (CEST) == Miljenij == Trenutno imamo dvije varijante: milenijum i milenij. Koju varijantu da slijedimo?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 20:14, 28 decembar 2017 (CET) :''milenij''. Isto kao i hem.elementi: itrij, (ne itrijum), plutonij (ne plutonijum) itd.--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 20:18, 28 decembar 2017 (CET) == Prevod == Kako pravilno prevesti: Category:1945 '''establishments'''; Kod nas je ta kategorija vezana sa osnivanjem! Meni više liči na ustanovu, instituciju...Predlog?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 20:24, 28 decembar 2017 (CET) :Već imamo kategorije: ''organizacije osnovane ...'' i sl. Ako ćemo povući paralele sa osobama (umrli 19xx, rođeni 19xx), onda bi ovo bilo ''osnovani(e) 19xx'' ili ''osnivanja 19xx''.--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 20:38, 28 decembar 2017 (CET) == Važno! Novi pravopis == [[Datoteka:Pravopis1.jpg|mini|Promocija Pravopisa]] Nije mi još stigao novi pravopis ("u putu je"), ali znam da je promijenjeno pisanje naziva bivših država i sada se pišu kao i ove postojeće (Osmanlijsko Carstvo, Sovjetski Savez,...). Što znači da će biti posla s premještanjima, da ne spominjem tekstove u člancima. (Traže se botovi, živi ili polumrtvi. :-) ) Ima logike jer država je ipak država; ako je i bivša. Ali: #Zašto_si_ikako_i_mijenjao_ako_ćeš_za_neko_vrijeme_to_vratiti? (tag: Senahid H.) Dalje, "uslov" i "bezbjednost" vraćeni su kao dubleti. O ostalome ću kad ga dobijem na / u ruke. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 14:28, 19 april 2018 (CEST) :Mislim da je nekima (prepoznat će se) "srce k'o planina" kad si spomenuo premještanje. Jedva dočekali.--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 14:44, 19 april 2018 (CEST) :: Kao što rekoh, za države mi je logično; zapravo mi je nelogično što je uopće mijenjano 1996. jer su tako države "spuštene" na nivo pokrajina. A što to nekome pravi gomilu posla... ko te pita za to... Dubleti su, s druge strane, odraz realnog stanja u upotrebnom jeziku, a i njegovog bogatstva, na kraju krajeva; ne vidim smisla u forsiranju nečega kao što su to radili u Hrvatskoj, pa im dosta toga nije zaživjelo. Jezik je živa materija. I ne – ne držim ničiju stranu, pokušavam realno sagledati sve. Meni su veći problem, npr., pisanje imena iz bjeloruskog, ukrajinskog, gruzijskog, armenskog, arapskog, laoskog i njemu susjednih ili pisanje hemijskih spojeva nego ovo dvoje iznad. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 14:58, 19 april 2018 (CEST) ::: Kod nas se kaže za ovakvo nešto: Na servus! -- [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 14:56, 19 april 2018 (CEST) ::::Ja se javljam da sa onim programom promijem kategorije i sve ostalo što bude moglo!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:46, 20 april 2018 (CEST) : {{Spomeni|KWiki}}: Da nije već negdje dostupan digitalni primjerak da možemo pregledati izmjene i sukladno tome uskladiti bez da te zvrckamo ili ćemo morati čekati da izađe mobilna aplikacija ({{plainlinks|url=http://pravopis.ba/#mobilnaaplikacija kako je najavljeno na sajtu}})? ;-) – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 21:02, 22 april 2018 (CEST) :: Ne znam ništa o digitalnim primjercima mimo najavljene aplikacije. Ako šta saznam, znat ćete i vi. :-) A pravopis je, inače, u suštini povratak na onaj srpsko-hrvatski iz 1960, s minimalnim razlikama (koliko je dosad došlo do mene; vidjeh danas okačene slike nekih stranica kod radnog kolege). Čak dozvoljava, npr., i "delikvent" (bez N prije K) (''sic!'' - i latinsko i englesko). – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:21, 22 april 2018 (CEST) ::: Hmm... valjda će uskoro ta mobilna aplikacija. Trebalo bi i [[Wikipedia:Pravilno-nepravilno u bosanskom jeziku|ovo]] ažurirati (možda čak sada da stavimo šablon za starost ili nekakvu napomenu da stranica još nije usklađena s novim ''Pravopisom'' jer pretpostavljam da će ljudi tražiti tako nešto na Googleu pa da ne dobiju pogrešne informacije?). – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 23:49, 22 april 2018 (CEST) :::: Čekam da mi dođe knjiga u ruke, da ne bih napamet ažurirao. :-) ;-) Uglavnom, sažetak novih pravila bio bi "free for all", manje-više; bit će teže naći šta je nepravilno. :-) To, s jedne strane, praktične, jest olakšica (pogotovo za nas lektore), ali s ove naučno-stručne... ne znam baš koliku težinu ima. No, svježe je sve još. A slobodno dotad stavi tu obavijest kako si zamislio. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 00:00, 23 april 2018 (CEST) ::::: {{Spomeni|KWiki}} A ima li [[kahva|kahve]]? Mislim...u tom novom (nazovi) pravopisu?--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 08:11, 23 april 2018 (CEST) ::::::Čuo sam da nema! Sad u Bosni svi piju Nes. Uvodi se Kaffee...da te konobar ne mora pitat kakvu ćeš--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:10, 23 april 2018 (CEST) ::::::: Ne samo da ima ''kahve'' nego i ''kafe'' i ''kave''; neće je ljudi moći popiti koliko je ima. :-) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 10:26, 23 april 2018 (CEST) {{izvuci}} Novost: Neki su možda i vidjeli na portalima, ali za one koji nisu: prije tri dana BZK "Preporod" i Institut za jezik Univerziteta u Sarajevu [https://www.unsa.ba/novosti/bzk-preporod-i-institut-za-jezik-pripremaju-pravopis-bosanskog-jezika objavili su] da počinju s projektom izrade (još jednog) pravopisa, koji bi trebao izaći dogodine. Za razliku od prethodnih, na ovom će se (konačno) raditi pod zvaničnom kapom institucija i valjda bi trebao biti ''onaj glavni'' kad bude objavljen. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:33, 20 juni 2020 (CEST) === Veliko slovo u imenima bivših država === Trebali bismo napraviti spisak šta sve treba uraditi: * Sovjetski Savez - ili ići ma SSSR ili Savez Sovjetskih Socijalističkih Republika? * Austro-ugarska? Ostaje lil se mijenja? * Rusko Carstvo * NDH * Njemačko Carstvo --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 20:32, 22 april 2018 (CEST) : Napravit ću ja kad mi stigne pravopis, a dotad neka stoji sve (šefica mi je rekla samo za Osmanlijsko Carstvo i Sovjetski Savez, a vidim da se već radilo mimo toga – socijalističke republike i autonomne pokrajine; nisam siguran za njih, a možda je dobro urađeno; vidjet ćemo svakako). – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 17:03, 23 april 2018 (CEST) Ako šta ja mogu pomoći sa botom, znate gdje me možete naći. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 21:26, 23 april 2018 (CEST) == Evropa ili Europa == Šta je pravilno? Pozdrav --[[Korisnik:Aždaja|Aždaja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Aždaja|razgovor]]) 18:31, 20 april 2018 (CEST) :Evropa je kontinent, Europa je lik iz mitologije (ne znam bez Googla čije (rimske ili grčke)).:)--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 18:40, 20 april 2018 (CEST) ::Hvala lijepo :) --[[Korisnik:Aždaja|Aždaja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Aždaja|razgovor]]) 19:10, 20 april 2018 (CEST) == Ženska prezimena == Prakticira li se, kao u većini slavenskih jezika, da se, ako se u rečenici koristi samo prezime neke žene, ono koristi kao pridjev? Logično je, mada nisam primijetio da se koristi. Npr., Myriam Bédard, a ako se koristi samo prezime, da se piše Bédard'''ova'''?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 21:00, 2 juni 2018 (CEST) : To je stilska karakteristika u srpskom (ono što je u češkom, slovačkom i istočnoslavenskim jezicima nije stvar stila nego obavezno; takvi su im jezici). Za bosanski to "popridjevljavanje" nije karakteristično. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 22:26, 2 juni 2018 (CEST) :: Kod Slovenaca se isto može ćuti...!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 22:39, 2 juni 2018 (CEST) == Novi pravopis – mobilna aplikacija == Izašla je aplikacija za iOS i Android, pa preuzmite :) [https://www.facebook.com/Pravopis.ba/photos/a.187026878757410.1073741827.186494992143932/221521461974618/?type=3&theater (link)] --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 12:53, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) :Možemo li dobiti link bez FB (za sve normalne insane koji nemaju ili su obrisali FB).--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 13:02, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) :: Nije potreban Facebook Account da bi se pristupilo datoj stranici. A ne mora ni to, ukuca se Pravopis.ba na Google Play ili na App Storeu i to je to. 😉 —[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 13:24, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) ::: Ma znam tako sam i doš'o do njega. Al' čisto za nas fejsbukomrsce.--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 13:26, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) {{FlowMention|KWiki}}, jedno pitanje, šta ako se neko ne slaže sa pravopisnim rješenjima koje dotični Halilović daje u ovom izdanju Pravopisa? Ima li kakva instanca za pritužbe? Šta stvarno ako čovjek na stotinu mjesta piše totalne nebuloze koje nemaju veze s mozgom? --- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 13:17, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) : Ne sekiraj se: najavljeno je da će izaći još dva pravopisa (drugih autora) – jedan najesen, a drugi valjda dogodine. Bit će ih "i Hasi i Husi". – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 13:37, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) :: E dobro je onda. Valjda će se naći neko normalan i pametan napisati da se glagol ''vjerovati'' piše sa ''v'' a ne sa ''j'', jer je to Senahidu izgleda nepoznanica (pa lik stavlja znak jednakosti između vjerovatno i vjero''j''atno).--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 13:40, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) :: Al' šta onda? Moći ćeš izabrati po kojem ćeš pisati ili...? – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 16:48, 14 juni 2018 (CEST) ::: Sad-zasad ja lično nemam pojma šta će biti. Pratim i pratit ću razvoj situacije. Kad budem raspolagao nečim konkretnim i dugoročnim, i vi ćete. Zato dosad nisam ništa ni radio na onim pomoćnim stranicama – želim neko dugoročno rješenje (a uz najavljene nove pravopise još ga ne može biti). Možda će opet trebati izvjesna doza čekanja i strpljenja, no šta je tu je. Što se tiče ovog novog Halilovićevog, postoje dvije struje, kao i u svemu: jedni ga podupiru (uglavnom zagovornici Deklaracije o zajedničkom jeziku), a drugi ga osporavaju (uglavnom probošnjački /što ne znači automatski da nisu i probosanski/ orijentisani lingvisti). Ja sam u procjepu: kao nekome ko živi od lektorisanja, olakšava mi posao jer je sad praktično sve ispravno (kad su u pitanju dubleti / tripleti) ;-); kao nekome ko je studirao bosanski ovo je vraćanje na 1960. i Maticin pravopis srpskohrvatskog (s tom razlikom da je sad u bosanskom ispravno čak i "kava", npr., što nikad nije bilo niti će biti, jer se to upotrebljava isključivo u hrvatskom, i uz još neke riječi koje je uključio / ubacio / izmislio, kako koju već, a za koje su male šanse da su ikad bile ili da će biti u široj upotrebi). Ako pitanje pravopisa predstavlja praktičan problem za svakodnevni rad ovdje, neka zajednica glasanjem odluči hoćemo li, dok ne bude dugoročnog rješenja, ostati na verziji iz 1996. ili preći na ovu "taze iz magaze". Pokušavam biti neutralan koliko mogu, ali ne znam koliko mogu to biti. :-) – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 01:18, 15 juni 2018 (CEST) :::: Pravopis iz 2018. možda ima nekih ludih izraza (vjerojatno, bombonijera, kava, ...) Ima i dosta dubleta (lako, meko, vazduhoplovstvo...). Ipak predlažem da ne idemo unazad zbog preimenovanja država (svako prvo slovo početno je super, Armenija je već normalan naziv itd.), nego da uzmemo ono što valja iz Pravopisa, kao što smo radili i ranije (npr. Jerusalim nismo koristili, niti Mesopotamiju, niti hromozom čini mi se, a stoje u Pravopisu iz 1996.), da ne koristimo jasno nepravilne izraze. Iako nismo koristili navedene termine, svi su znali zašto. Dodato je varoš kao muški rod (Yahadziji bi se svidjelo). "Uredu" je ostavljeno, a "u pravu" je promijenjeno. Sve u svemu, nije toliko loše kako se priča. --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 02:06, 15 juni 2018 (CEST) :::: Lično nemam nekakvih problema s Halilovićevim novim pravopisom. Jest da je ubacio te neke dublete koji bi se mogli okarakterizirati kao "pretežno hrvatski" (poput ovog "vjerojatno" i "kava"), ali ima dosta korisnih dubleta i generalno drugih stvari koje imaju smisla. Nisam za unazadovanje na ovaj iz '96, ali nisam baš ni za selektivnu primjenu po principu "e, ovo mi se sviđa, to može; ovo ne, to ne može" (nisu ni meni bila naročito dobra neka rješenja iz '96, poput "h" u "lahko" ili "mehko" ili "hromo''s''om" kojeg je Munja spomenuo, ali opet sam tako pisao jer nema smisla tražiti da se ne primjenjuje u potpunosti jer se meni nešto lično ne sviđa). Isto tako ne vjerujem da možemo odlučivati o načinu pisanja većinski, odnosno nekim glasanjem. To bi se svelo na prosto lične preferencije, a ne nešto konrektno (jer je doslovno nemoguće objektivno odlučiti koji bi bio "bolji" od tih predstojećih). Uglavnom, ako bude tih više, mislim da rješenje s en.wiki nije loše prema kojem prvobitni autor odlučuje kojim će pisati, a na SZR se stavi [[:en:Template:British English Oxford spelling|odgovarajući šablon za pravopis koji se koristi]]. Ja ću se dotada (a i vjerovatno nakon što izađu ti drugi) koristiti ovim iz 2018. – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 10:30, 15 juni 2018 (CEST) ::::: Mislim da uvođenje sinonima nije nikakav problem, štaviše, to je obogaćivanje jezika. Ni u kom se slučaju ne smijemo voditi logikom da se to nekome sviđa ili ne. Kako nismo svi filolozi, odnosno jezikoslovci, osim našeg KWikija, prepustio bih to stručnjacima da odlučuju šta je pravilno, a šta ne, piscima da obogaćuju rječnik, a mi da ga koristimo koliko možemo pravilno i po pravilima. Jezik je živa materija i mijenja se. Postoji i u drugim jezicima ista problematika, pa se od toga ne stvara problem. U njemačkom jeziku grupa književnika izbjegava novi pravopis (npr. Elfriede Jelinek), pa od toga niko ne pravi problem. Zbog kompleksnosti materije izbjegavao bi diskusije šta je tačno, a šta ne, kao i forsiranje neke varijante iz ličnih principa. I ja ne pišem onako kako govorim i kako sam naučio, nego se prilagođavam pravilima. A to da me neko ispravlja na stranicama za razgovor je druga tema, ako mi kad izleti neka varijacija koja se ne koristi često u bosanskom jeziku. Zato pustimo čovjeka da radi svoj posao i nadajmo se da radi onako kako najbolje zna! – [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 11:15, 15 juni 2018 (CEST) :::::: H u "lahko" i "mehko" etimološko je (usp. slovensko ''lahko'', da ne idem do praslavenskog korijena); međutim, H je 1996. ubacivano u mnoge riječi gdje mu nema mjesta (ja se, npr., i dan-danas užasavam "hudovice", kojoj je korijen isti kao engleskom "widow" ili njemačkom "Witwe" /prvo je bilo ''vdova'' od tog korijena, pa se V vokaliziralo daljnjim razvojem jezika/, ili "halata"). Nadam se da je ovaj novi to popravio (kolega me zamolio da mu ga posudim bukvalno čim sam ga dobio u ruke; još je kod njega, tako da ga još nisam ni pogledao). Dubleti generalno nisu loša stvar nego bogatstvo jezika, pogotovo u primjerima kad je neku riječ neophodno ponoviti više puta u istoj rečenici ili pasusu, no ipak su u praksi neki zastupljeniji od drugih (što, opet, dovodi u priču regionalne razlike). A slažem se s prijedlogom i rješenjem s EN Wiki. Sloboda izbora postoji (pogotovo sada), pa neka se i primjenjuje. A za ovo glasanje: prije svega što tu piše stoji jedno "Ako", što je ključna riječ. :) Inače, problem s novim pravopisom leži u činjenici da ga je Halilović radio praktično na svoju ruku, s uskim krugom njegovih saradnika na fakultetu, isključivši sve druge relevantne bh. lingviste (nije ponudio saradnju nikome mimo tog svog kruga; da jest, sigurno bi mu neko od njih ukazao na neke promašaje), a pravopis bi se trebao raditi na institucionalnom nivou ili, eventualno, ovako kao sada, ali da dobije odobrenje i podršku od institucija relevantnih za pravopis i jezik općenito, kao što je to slučaj u većini država. No, sad imamo što imamo, a život ide dalje. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 17:04, 15 juni 2018 (CEST) ::::::: Nema ni "hudovice", a ni "halata" u pravopisnom rječniku (tako barem veli mobilna aplikacija). ;-) – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 01:04, 16 juni 2018 (CEST) :::::::: Neće biti nikakvih glasanja, kao što neko spominje, ali će biti opet "preglasavanja" u smislu koju varijantu/inačicu (grrrrrrr) ćemo koristiti za naslove članaka. Naprimjer, ovo je idealna šansa ovima "personama" što premiještaju i što uživaju u premiještanju članaka da sad pokrenu veliku/ogromnu/golemu (grrr) kampanju za premještanje "iz pravilnog u pravilno", poput hljeba/kruha, mislim da je red da ove godine bude '''[[kruh]]''' iz prostog razloga jer je hljeb bio već dugo godina. A mogli bi razmisliti i na vraćanje stoljeća umjesto vijekova, npr. [[20. stoljeće]] je bilo baš cool po novom pravopisu.--- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 12:21, 18 juni 2018 (CEST) ::::::::: Ne bi trebalo biti ni preglašavanja jer pravopis faktički onemogućava uniformnost pružanjem ovoliko dubleta (meni je lično žao zbog toga jer volim kad su stvari jednolične, ali s druge strane, možda je ovako i bolje, jer nećemo namećati subjektivno određenu "bolju" formu /osim u kategorijama, jer ''tehnički'' nije izdovljivo imati dvojne nazive, a da se članci ispravno kategoriziraju/). Dakle, autor bira koje će varijante koristiti u članku koji piše (to se odnosi i na naziv članka) i niko ih ne smije mijenjati / premještati bez valjanog razloga. Inače, jedini valjani razlog koji meni pada na pamet jest proširivanje malog članka u veći; u tom slučaju ima smisla da "novi" autor izabere šta želi. Naravno, jasno je da se sinonimi moraju navesti u uvodu te da se moraju napraviti preusmjerenja. Znači, niko ti ne smije mijenjati "dušik" u "azot", "kalaj" u "kositar" ili "vijek" u "stoljeće" itd. u postojećim člancima, ali vrijedi i obrnuto za buduće članke. Isto tako možeš proći kroz članke koje si pisao i izmijeniti određene oblike u slučaju da si neke želio koristiti, a prethodni ih pravopis nije dozvoljavao.<br />Što se nedavnih premještanja tiče, Munja i Šemso premjestili su "Ermeniju" na "Armeniju" jer prvog oblika više nema (nema ni "Jermenije"), a isto sam uradio s "Teksasom". Nisam 100% siguran, ali pored tih primjera i onog pisanja bivših država, mislim da nema puno stvari koje se ''moraju'' mijenjati. :-) – [[Korisnik:Srdjan m|Srdjan m]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srdjan m|razgovor]]) 13:42, 18 juni 2018 (CEST) ::::::::::Naravno, isti smo što se tiče ''uniformnosti'', upravo zbog toga me i ljuti mnogo toga iz novog prijedloga Pravopisa, ali pošto nisam od te struke, ne mogu se ''sukobljavati'' sa [[Korisnik:KWiki|Pravopiscem]], kako on odluči to je tako. :) --- [[Korisnik:C3r4|CH₃OHCl₃Ra]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^{dodaj H₂O}]] 14:20, 18 juni 2018 (CEST) == Container category == Treba mi korektan prijevod za "Container category". Radi se o kategoriji [[:en:Category:Container categories]] i šablonu [[:en:Template:Container category]]. Zna li neko kako bi ovo najbolje bilo prevesti? Kontekst: radi se o kategorijama koje sadrže samo potkategorije. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 23:04, 26 august 2018 (CEST) : Doslovni prijevod (kontejner) mi je rogobatan. Możda glavne ili sadržajne kategorije?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 06:37, 27 august 2018 (CEST) ::Sr.wiki ih naziva roditeljske?--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 06:51, 27 august 2018 (CEST) ::: 👍 I ja sam mislio na "''Sadržajne kategorije''", ali nisam bio siguran za prijevod. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 10:25, 27 august 2018 (CEST) == Naslov filma prijedlog == Molim prijedloge za prevod naslova filma ''Alien'' (1979): novija obrada navodi ''Osmi putnik'', ali ja pamtim da se nekad zvao ''Monstrum'', ''Nostromo'' i sl. -- [[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 20:09, 23 januar 2019 (CET) : ''Osmi putnik'' – već se ustalilo na našim tržištima. U razgovoru se naslov često ni ne prevodi. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:56, 23 januar 2019 (CET) ::Dobro, hvala puno. U člancima o glumcima i režiserima bilo bi i bolje da ostane originalni naziv (zbog lakše pretrage) a naslov članka o samom filmu bi se mogao prevesti.--[[Korisnik:Zagor Te Nej 2013|Zagor Te Nej 2013]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Zagor Te Nej 2013|razgovor]]) 13:54, 3 februar 2019 (CET) == Crtice kod imena == Nisam siguran da li trebam ili ne trebam dodavati crtice npr. John von Neuman-ova -ov -ovo... itd. Može li mi neko pomoći ko zna oficijelno šta je pravilno? [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 10:02, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) : Mislim da ne treba. To su padežni nastavci i oni se pisu bez crte.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:22, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) :: Isto tako, nisam siguran šta sa imena. Naprimjer, John'''u''' Neumannu ili John Neumannu. [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 10:24, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) ::: Oba se imena mjenjaju u padežu, mada mislim da ako je duplo ime (Ana-Marija) da se mijenja samo drugo ime, jer se takva forma smatra kao jedno ime.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 10:34, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) :::: @AnToni: Vidi se da neko prati na časovima. :-D @Mhare, ako crtice ne pišemo kod naših imena, zašto bismo ih pisali kod stranih? Ime je ime. ;-) Analogno tome: Ako nikad ne bi rekao "(Dodao je loptu) Safet Sušiću" (a ne bi), zašto bi rekao "...John Neumannu"? ;-) Izuzetak su, naravno, kineska, korejska, mjanmarska i njima slična imena. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 11:34, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) :::::Viđao sam ponekad negdje tako napisano, a nisam bio siguran da li je pravilno. Nažalost, na dosta sam članaka dodavao crtice. Ali, evo, korigujem se. [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 12:21, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) ::::::A šta npr. sa ovim JavaScript-om ili JavaScriptom? [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 13:53, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) ::::::: Ista stvar. Nastavci se odvajaju crticom jedino od akronima: NATO-a, UNESCO-ov itd. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 15:51, 19 novembar 2019 (CET) == Nazivi pjesama velikim početnim slovom == Često se može u člancima o muzičkim albumima, naći na naslove pjesama gdje svaka riječ počinje velikim slovom. Mislim da na bs to nije pravilno!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 22:55, 27 januar 2021 (CET) :Slažem se. Kolega [[Korisnik:Hattab|Hattab]] koji je prije skoro 10 godina i uradio stranice o albumima legendarnog Vatrenog poljupca, je samo prekopirao nazive pjesama sa interneta bez ispravljanja ove pravopisne greške. Hvala AnToni što si ukazao na ovu sitnicu, koja je meni u brzini promakla da je ispravim. Nevezano za ovo, reci mi jesi li pronašao piše li se O(o)pus kod simfonija malim ili velikim slovom? Ja sam gledao na internetu i našoj wikipediji u vezi ovoga i nisam ništa našao, pa sam zbog toga stavio veliko slovo kako je urađeno na en wiki. Evo slučajno sam ugledao [[Simfonija br. 5 (Beethoven)|ovu]] stranicu koju je započeo kolega Palapa. On je stavio opus u nazivu ove simfonije malim slovom. Ako je to pravilno, e onda ċu ja ispraviti sve Mozartove simfonije, kao i druge stranice u kojima se ovakva pravopisna greška pojavljuje. [[Korisnik:Nerko65|Nerko65]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Nerko65|razgovor]]) 23:40, 27 januar 2021 (CET) ::Popravit ću i ja gdje naletim...a za opus: siguran sam da se skraćeno piše početnim slovom. Dakle "Peta simfonija, op. 48." Nije glavna imenica, nije vlastito ili kakvo drugo ime, te tim slijedom (bez da na njemačkom razmišljam) piše se u rečenici, ili nazivu muzičkog djela malim slovom.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 23:51, 27 januar 2021 (CET) Dogovoreno.[[Korisnik:Nerko65|Nerko65]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Nerko65|razgovor]]) 00:15, 28 januar 2021 (CET) == Bjelančevina/protein == {{spomeni|KWiki}}, {{spomeni|Srđan}}, {{spomeni|AnToni}}, {{spomeni|Mhare}}, i ostali urednici, napravio sam danas [[Šablon:Infokutija gen]] (koji uključuje [[Modul:Infokutija gen]]) koji nema parametara već na osnovu naslova popunjava infokutiju sa podacima sa Wikidate (primjer [[Mioglobin]]). Šablon se pored gena koristi i za proteine/bjelančevine, te bi bilo dobro da ujednačimo glavni naziv koji ćemo koristiti (pošto su oba ispravna po pravopisu). Trenutno stranje je takvo da glavni člank nosi naziv [[Bjelančevine]], postoje obe kategorije i [[:Kategorija:Proteini]] i [[:Kategorija:Bjelančevine]], te u svim ostalim člancima vezanim za temu (kompleksi, strukture, grupe, itd) koristi se termin Protein. Iz navedenog razloga i jednostavnosti implementacije šablona koji vuče izraze sa Wikipodataka, gdje također imamo istu situaciju sa nazivima (sve je protein/sko osim naziva glavnog članka/stavke) mislim da bi za glavni naziv trebali uzeti Protein. Volio bih da čujem i vaša mišljenja i da dođemo do konsenzusa. --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 22:19, 25 maj 2021 (CEST) : Obje su u upotrebi i u knjigama i u govoru, tako da treba uzeti ono što je praktičnije ovdje. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 01:15, 26 maj 2021 (CEST) :: E, ali šta uzeti za glavno? :-) Prvenstveno da izbjegnemo te duple kategorije i šarene nazive. Lično mi je svejedno, samo da nešto izaberemo. – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 17:35, 6 juni 2021 (CEST) ::: Tehnički je lakše ''Kategoriju:Proteini'' (manja je) prebaciti u ''Kategoriju:Bjelančevine''. Bitno je da nemamo duple kategorije i da se stvore glavne i podkategorije. I da se ubuduće pazi da se ne stvaraju duple!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 17:45, 6 juni 2021 (CEST) :::: Jeste možda malo tehnički lakše prebaciti tu konkretnu kategoriju (jer nema podkategorija), ali kao što sam gore naveo pored te kategorije naziv protein se puno više koristi (u tržilici – protein: 1.863 rezultata i u desetine naslova članaka; bjelančevina: 730 rezultat i u naslovu 2 članka). Ja sam za to da koristimo protein u naslovima kategorija i članaka (zbog ujednačenosti i kod nas na wiki, a i sa nazivima na Wikipodacima gdje se koristi protein/ski), a naravno u člancima da se i dalje mogu koristiti oba izraza kao što to pravopis dozvoljava.--[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 19:54, 6 juni 2021 (CEST) ::::: Bitno je da nađemo brzo i jednostavno rješenje - a nemam ništa protiv tehničkog Šemsinog prijedloga. Za pravopis imamo Kwikija.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 20:28, 6 juni 2021 (CEST) == Pravopisni prijedlozi za AWB == Bok svima! Otvorio sam stranicu pravopisnih prijedloga za [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] na [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos|ovoj podstranici]]. Vodio sam se popisom dostupnim na [[Wikipedia:Pravilno-nepravilno u bosanskom jeziku]]. Molim provjerite ima li pogrešaka ili nedostataka i ispravite po potrebi. Ako imate prijedlog ali ne znate kako ispraviti, slobodno ostavite komentar na ovu temu. [[Korisnik:Ivi104|Ivi104]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Ivi104|razgovor]]) 21:37, 4 januar 2022 (CET) :Dobra ideja, međutim spisak nije baš najbolji uzorak, te će trebati malo popraviti prije no se AWB aktivira. [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 21:49, 4 januar 2022 (CET) ::Nadalje treba paziti na strana imena geografskih pojmova. Ukoliko se bude npr. mijenjalo Steiermark u imenima datoteka u Štajerska će prouzrokovati greške u prikazivanju grafika i datoteka koje u svojim imenima sadrže njemački naziv Steiermark. [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 22:15, 4 januar 2022 (CET) :::{{ping|AnToni}} Puno hvala na ispravcima! Ako se dobro sjećam, AWB sam pazi da ne mijenja pravopis u imenima datoteka, šablona, interwikija i sličnoga. Još ću vidjeti mogu li uvesti riječi iz MS Word autocorrecta i dodati ih u AWB. Stay tuned! [[File:Face-grin.svg|20px]] [[Korisnik:Ivi104|Ivi104]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Ivi104|razgovor]]) 22:55, 4 januar 2022 (CET) ::::Ja sam nekada radio s AWB-om, te mislim da ima opcija da ne mijenja imena datoteka, ali tomu je već godina, pa nisam u formi. U svakom slučaju, dopunit ćemo spisak, pa popraviti greške. [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 22:58, 4 januar 2022 (CET) omr6gdmscws4eauu85568jij1q8m7pk 4 373758 3426939 3425304 2022-08-01T18:42:25Z wikitext text/x-wiki 3426942 3426939 2022-08-01T18:51:36Z AnToni 2325 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Čaršija|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starija pitanja možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Kategorizacija break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> '''Dobro došli na odjeljak Čaršije za kategorizaciju!''' Ovdje možete postaviti sva pitanja i prijedloge za kategorizaciju članaka ili podkategorija. Kategorizacija članaka i podkategorija je veoma važna oblast Wikipediji, jer pravilnom i obimnom kategorizacijom, omogućava se lakše pronalaženje članaka, njihovo proširivanje, te usporedba sa člancima na drugim jezičkim projektima. Potrebne kategorije možete naći [[Posebno:Tražene_kategorije|ovdje]], članke bez kategorije [[Posebno:StraniceBezKategorije|ovdje]], slike bez kategorije [[Posebno:SlikeBezKategorije|ovdje]], kategorije za kategoriziranje [[Posebno:KategorijeBezKategorije|ovdje]]. Nakon postavljanje kategorije, obavezno je povezivanje sa drugim jezičkim projektima. Postavljanjem članka, podkategorije ili datoteke, će neko od iskusnijih korisnika kategorizirati i potvrditi unošenjem šablona {{tl|Urađeno}} ili {{tl|ok}}. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Postavi novo pitanje|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Kategorizacija&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #0077CA; border: #0077CA; color:white;}} </div> }} __TOC__ == u ili na? == Da li ove kategorije: Godine, decenije, vijekovi...da vodimo sa '''na''' ili '''u''' televiziji? --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<span style="font-size:small; font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; color:red;">'''''R'''''</span>]])} 17:26, 9 oktobar 2015 (CEST) :Mogu oba, zavisno od konteksta. :-) U ovom slučaju ide "u" (misli se na televiziju kao oblast ljudskog djelovanja). Drugo je, npr, kad daju nešto na njoj (ili gostuju). :) Tu se misli na televiziju kao instituciju. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 17:35, 9 oktobar 2015 (CEST) == Povezivanje bosanske, srpske i hrvatske Wikipedije == Poštovani, želim napisati članak na bosanskoj, hrvatskoj i srpskoj Wikipediji. Počela sam pisati na bosanskoj, i, ukoliko bude odobren, željela bih ga napisati i na preostale dvije (uz izmjenu norme). Da li trebam ''izvornu'' (bosansku) Wikipediju, odnosno članak na nj, navesti kao izvor? Na koji ih način mogu uvezati? Unaprijed zahvalna. [[Korisnik:Tetrapackmliyeka|Tetrapackmliyeka]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Tetrapackmliyeka|razgovor]]) 20:59, 26 septembar 2016 (CEST) {{FlowMention|Tetrapackmliyeka}}, na svakoj Wikipediji pravila su slična. Na pomenutim wikipedijama, može se također napisati članak (naravno uz poštivanje jezika te Wikipedije), ''izvornu'' Wikipediju ne treba spominjati kao ''izvor'' ili ''referencu'', a članci se uvezuju preko projekta/stranice Wikidata (ali o tom, potom, nije toliko važno za početak, to može i neko od nas ''starih'' urednika).--سلام - <font style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</font> 08:01, 27 septembar 2016 (CEST) == Kategorija: Biografija, država == Mislim da bi ova grupa kategorija: ''Kategorija: Biografija, država'', trebala biti samo za kategorije, a ne za pojedine članke. Tako bi se u '''Kategoriji: Biografije, Bosna i Hercegovina''', trebale naći samo kategorije: ''BH-sportisti'', ''BH-književnici''...a ne pojedinačni članci! Inače će, zbog glomaznosti kategorija, postati nepregledna i bez smisla. Blo bi dobro izjasniti se o ovome, te eventualno izbrisati kategoriju iz pojedinačnih članaka.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<span style="font-size:small; font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; color:red;">'''''R'''''</span>]])} 09:43, 1 maj 2017 (CEST) : Može, ali će ovo ići kontra onog da se osoba kategorizira prema državi rođenja, već će se kategorizirati prema državi gdje je djelovala, što i treba da bude. --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 17:02, 1 maj 2017 (CEST) :: Ma, jasno. Ostaje kategorija sa mjestom rođenja, a ostale kategorije se definišu po polju djelovanja i oblasti, pa bilo to država ili neka historijska cjelina.- [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<span style="font-size:small; font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; color:red;">'''''R'''''</span>]])} 18:47, 1 maj 2017 (CEST) 7z1lypkubxpxwgypgpteggow71yfjum 3427033 3426942 2022-08-02T10:37:46Z ClearDoer 144752 wikitext text/x-wiki 3427040 3427033 2022-08-02T10:40:24Z Base 49245 Vraćene izmjene korisnika [[Special:Contributions/ClearDoer|ClearDoer]] ([[User talk:ClearDoer|razgovor]]) na posljednju izmjenu korisnika [[User:AnToni|AnToni]] wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Čaršija|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starija pitanja možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Kategorizacija break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> '''Dobro došli na odjeljak Čaršije za kategorizaciju!''' Ovdje možete postaviti sva pitanja i prijedloge za kategorizaciju članaka ili podkategorija. Kategorizacija članaka i podkategorija je veoma važna oblast Wikipediji, jer pravilnom i obimnom kategorizacijom, omogućava se lakše pronalaženje članaka, njihovo proširivanje, te usporedba sa člancima na drugim jezičkim projektima. Potrebne kategorije možete naći [[Posebno:Tražene_kategorije|ovdje]], članke bez kategorije [[Posebno:StraniceBezKategorije|ovdje]], slike bez kategorije [[Posebno:SlikeBezKategorije|ovdje]], kategorije za kategoriziranje [[Posebno:KategorijeBezKategorije|ovdje]]. Nakon postavljanje kategorije, obavezno je povezivanje sa drugim jezičkim projektima. Postavljanjem članka, podkategorije ili datoteke, će neko od iskusnijih korisnika kategorizirati i potvrditi unošenjem šablona {{tl|Urađeno}} ili {{tl|ok}}. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Postavi novo pitanje|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Kategorizacija&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #0077CA; border: #0077CA; color:white;}} </div> }} __TOC__ == u ili na? == Da li ove kategorije: Godine, decenije, vijekovi...da vodimo sa '''na''' ili '''u''' televiziji? --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<span style="font-size:small; font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; color:red;">'''''R'''''</span>]])} 17:26, 9 oktobar 2015 (CEST) :Mogu oba, zavisno od konteksta. :-) U ovom slučaju ide "u" (misli se na televiziju kao oblast ljudskog djelovanja). Drugo je, npr, kad daju nešto na njoj (ili gostuju). :) Tu se misli na televiziju kao instituciju. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 17:35, 9 oktobar 2015 (CEST) == Povezivanje bosanske, srpske i hrvatske Wikipedije == Poštovani, želim napisati članak na bosanskoj, hrvatskoj i srpskoj Wikipediji. Počela sam pisati na bosanskoj, i, ukoliko bude odobren, željela bih ga napisati i na preostale dvije (uz izmjenu norme). Da li trebam ''izvornu'' (bosansku) Wikipediju, odnosno članak na nj, navesti kao izvor? Na koji ih način mogu uvezati? Unaprijed zahvalna. [[Korisnik:Tetrapackmliyeka|Tetrapackmliyeka]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Tetrapackmliyeka|razgovor]]) 20:59, 26 septembar 2016 (CEST) {{FlowMention|Tetrapackmliyeka}}, na svakoj Wikipediji pravila su slična. Na pomenutim wikipedijama, može se također napisati članak (naravno uz poštivanje jezika te Wikipedije), ''izvornu'' Wikipediju ne treba spominjati kao ''izvor'' ili ''referencu'', a članci se uvezuju preko projekta/stranice Wikidata (ali o tom, potom, nije toliko važno za početak, to može i neko od nas ''starih'' urednika).--سلام - <font style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor s korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</font> 08:01, 27 septembar 2016 (CEST) == Kategorija: Biografija, država == Mislim da bi ova grupa kategorija: ''Kategorija: Biografija, država'', trebala biti samo za kategorije, a ne za pojedine članke. Tako bi se u '''Kategoriji: Biografije, Bosna i Hercegovina''', trebale naći samo kategorije: ''BH-sportisti'', ''BH-književnici''...a ne pojedinačni članci! Inače će, zbog glomaznosti kategorija, postati nepregledna i bez smisla. Blo bi dobro izjasniti se o ovome, te eventualno izbrisati kategoriju iz pojedinačnih članaka.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<span style="font-size:small; font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; color:red;">'''''R'''''</span>]])} 09:43, 1 maj 2017 (CEST) : Može, ali će ovo ići kontra onog da se osoba kategorizira prema državi rođenja, već će se kategorizirati prema državi gdje je djelovala, što i treba da bude. --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 17:02, 1 maj 2017 (CEST) :: Ma, jasno. Ostaje kategorija sa mjestom rođenja, a ostale kategorije se definišu po polju djelovanja i oblasti, pa bilo to država ili neka historijska cjelina.- [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<span style="font-size:small; font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; color:red;">'''''R'''''</span>]])} 18:47, 1 maj 2017 (CEST) 7z1lypkubxpxwgypgpteggow71yfjum 0 378027 3426896 3409443 2022-08-01T12:38:46Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija muzički pravac | ime = Pop rock | izvorno_ime = | etimologija = | boja_teksta = white | boja_pozadine = crimson | slika = | veličina_slike = | alt_slike = | tekst = | stilsko_porijeklo = [[Pop muzika|pop]], [[rock]] | kulturno_porijeklo = 1960-ih u [[Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo|UK]]-u i [[SAD]]-u | instrumenti = [[električna gitara]], [[bas-gitara]], [[bubnjevi]], [[Pjevanje|vokali]], [[klavijatura]], [[sintisajzer]] | izvedeni_oblici = | podžanrovi = [[beat]], [[Britanska invazija]], [[bubblegum]], [[glam metal]], [[glam rock]], [[indie pop]], [[jangle pop]], [[pop punk]], [[power pop]], [[soft rock]], [[sophisti-pop]], [[sunshine pop]], [[surf muzika]] | spisak_podžanrova = | fuzijski_žanrovi = [[barok pop]], [[dream pop]], [[emo pop]], [[noise pop]] | regionalne_scene = | mjesni_pokreti = | ostale_teme = [[Popularna kultura|pop kultura]] | fusnote = }} '''Pop rock''' je mješoviti [[Muzika|muzički]] žanr [[Pop muzika|pop]] muzike s laganim stihovima i (tipično) [[rock]] pjesmama sviranim na [[Gitara|gitari]]. Postoje različite definicije termina: sve od sporije i blaže vrste rock muzike pa do podžanra pop muzike. == Karakteristike == Veliki broj [[Pop muzika|pop]] i [[Rock muzika|rock]] muzike veoma su slični po [[zvuk]]u, instrumentaciji, pa čak i stihovima. Termini "pop-rock" i "power pop" koriste se za opisivanje komercijalno uspješne [[Muzika|muzike]] koja koristi elemente iz, ili u obliku rock muzike.<ref>R. Shuker, ''Popular Music: the Key Concepts'' (Abingdon: Routledge, 2nd edn., 2005), {{ISBN|0-415-34770-X}}, strana 207.</ref> Pop-rock se opisuje kao "optimistična varijacija rock muzike čiji su predstavnici [[Elton John]], [[Paul McCartney]], [[The Everly Brothers]], [[Rod Stewart]], [[Chicago (bend)|Chicago]] i [[Peter Frampton]]."<ref>L. Starr and C. Waterman, [http://www.webcitation.org/5wZross lynch] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123161625/http://www.webcitation.org/5wZross |date=23. 11. 2018 }}</ref> == Terminologija == Termin "pop muzika" koristio se od ranog dvadesetog vijeka i odnosio se uopćeno na popularnu muziku (jer je ''pop'' skraćenica od [[Engleski jezik|engleske]] riječi ''popular''), ali od sredine 1950-ih, počeo se koristiti kao poseban žanr namijenjen mladima koji se često karakterizirao kao mekša alternativa za [[rock and roll]].<ref name="Firth2001">S. Frith, "Pop music" in S. Frith, W. Stray and J. Street, eds, ''The Cambridge Companion to Pop and Rock'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), {{ISBN|0-521-55660-0}}, pp. 93–108.</ref><ref name=AllMusicPR>{{Citation | last = | title = Early Pop/Rock | journal = Allmusic | url = {{Allmusic|class=explore|id=style/d283|pure_url=yes}} | archiveurl =http://www.webcitation.org/5wZ37tFIB| archivedate =11. 2. 2011}}.</ref> Od otprilike 1967. (posljedicom "Britanske invazije") termin se koristio u suprotnosti rocka kako bi opisao vrstu koja je bila komercijalnija, kratkotrajnija i pristupljenija.<ref name="Warner2003">T. Warner, ''Pop Music: Technology and Creativity: Trevor Horn and the Digital Revolution'' (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003), {{ISBN|0-7546-3132-X}}, p. 3.</ref> Za razliku od [[Pop muzika|popa]], smatralo se da se [[rock muzika|rock]] više fokusira na produžene radove (naročito [[album]]e) i da je često bio povezan s naročitim podžanrovima, isticao umjetničke vrijednosti i "autentičnost", naglasio nastupe uživo i instrumental ili [[Pjevanje|glasovnu moć]] pjevača. Često se smatralo da obuhvata progresivni razvoj umjesto da jednostavno prikazuje postojeće trendove.<ref name=Firth2001/><ref name=AllMusicPR/><ref name=Warner2003/><ref>R. Shuker, ''Understanding Popular Music'' (Abingdon: Routledge, 2nd edn., 2001), {{ISBN|0-415-23509-X}}, pp. 8–10.</ref> Termin ''power pop'' prvi put je ustanovio [[Pete Townshend]], član grupe [[The Who]], 1966. Nije se puno koristio sve dok ga 1970-ih nisu počele koristiti grupe poput [[Badfinger]]a, koji su se pokazali jednim od komercijalno najuspješnijih grupa tog razdoblja.<ref>J. M. Borack, ''Shake Some Action: the Ultimate Power Pop Guide'' (Shake Some Action&nbsp;– PowerPop, 2007), {{ISBN|0-9797714-0-4}}, strana 18.</ref> == Reference == {{refspisak|2}} [[Kategorija:Žanrovi pop-muzike]] [[Kategorija:Žanrovi rock muzike]] cwf4bmfiq4tf2mtek3o429u6e9dv47e 0 380682 3426966 3424581 2022-08-01T21:15:52Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Carlos Sainz Jr. | slika = Formel12021-SchlossGabelhofen(15) (cropped).jpg | opis_slike = Carlos Sainz Jr. u 2021. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1994|09|01}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Madrid]], [[Španija]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Španija|Španac]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] | broj_auta_2020. = 55 | trke = 154 (153 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = 1 | podiji = 12 | bodovi = 692.5 | prve_startne_pozicije = 1 | najbrži_krug = 3 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|VN Australije 2015.]] | prva_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2022.| VN Velike Britanije 2022.]] | posljednja_pobjeda = VN Velike Britanije 2022. | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 5. (164.5 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Carlos Sainz Vázquez de Castro''' ([[Madrid]], 1. septembar 1994) [[Španija|španski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]], za tim [[Scuderia Ferrari]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !rowspan=6| 2010. |align=left| Formula BMW Evropa | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| EuroInternational | 16 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 227 ! 4. |- |align=left| Formula BMW Pacifik | 9 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 5 | - ! NK |- | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 |align=left| Epsilon Euskadi |rowspan=2| 4 |rowspan=2| 0 |rowspan=2| 0 |rowspan=2| 0 |rowspan=2| 1 |rowspan=2| - !rowspan=2| NK |- |align=left| Tech 1 Racing |- |align=left| European F3 Open |align=left| De Villota Motorsport | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | - ! NK |- |align=left| Formula Renault UK<br/>Zimska Serija |align=left| Koiranen Bros. Motorsport | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 ! 18. |- !rowspan=4| 2011. |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| Koiranen Motorsport | 14 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 200 |style="background:#dfdfdf;"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0<br/>Sjeverne Evrope Kup | 20 | 10 | 8 | 12 | 17 | 489 |style="background:#ffffbf;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| Signature | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - ! NK |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - ! 17. |- !rowspan=5| 2012. |align=left| Velika Britanija Formula 3 | style="text-align:left;" rowspan="5"| Carlin | 26 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 224 ! 6. |- |align=left| Formula 3 Euro Serija | 24 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 112 ! 9. |- |align=left| FIA European Formula 3 | 20 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 161 ! 5. |- |align=left| Masters Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - ! 4. |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - ! 7. |- !rowspan=2| 2013. |align=left| GP3 Serija |align=left| MW Arden | 16 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 66 ! 10. |- |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| Zeta Corse | 9 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 22 ! 19. |- ! 2014. |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| DAMS | 17 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 227 |style="background:#ffffbf;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2015. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] | 19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 ! 15. |- ! 2016. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 ! 12. |- !rowspan="2"| 2017. |rowspan="2" align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |rowspan="2"| 54 !rowspan="2"| 9. |- |align=left| [[Renault F1|Renault Sport Formula One Team]] | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! 2018. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|Renault Sport Formula One Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 ! 10. |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 96 ! 6. |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2015–2017. || [[Scuderia Toro Rosso|Toro Rosso]] |- | 2017–2018. || [[Renault F1|Renault]] |- | 2019–2020. || [[McLaren]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''boldu''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''italicu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|2015.]] ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR10]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport]] Energy F1-2015 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2015.|AUS]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2015.|MAL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2015.|KIN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2015.|BHR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2015.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2015.|MON]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2015.|KAN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2015.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2015.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2015.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2015.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2015.|ITA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2015.|SIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2015.|JAP]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2015.|RUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2015.|SAD]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2015.|MEK]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2015.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2015.|ABU]]<br /><small>11.</small> | | ! 18 ! 15. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR11]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] 059/4 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> ! 46 ! 12. |- |rowspan="2"| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR12]] ! Toro Rosso 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | | | | | !rowspan="2"| 54 !rowspan="2"| 9. |- ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport Formula One Team]] ! [[Renault R.S.17]] ! Renault Sport R.E.17 1.6 V6 t | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>11.</small> | |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport Formula One Team]] ! [[Renault R.S.18]] ! Renault Sport R.E.18 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>6.</small> ! 53 ! 10. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren F1 Team]] ! [[McLaren MCL34]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault]] E-Tech 19 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>10.</small> ! 96 ! 6. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren F1 Team]] ! [[McLaren MCL35]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault]] E-Tech 20 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]''<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>NP</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>7.</small> | [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | | | ! 65* ! 8.* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat|Carlos Sainz, Jr.}} * [http://www.carlossainz.es/ Službena web stranica] * [http://www.statsf1.com/en/carlos-sainz.aspx statistika Carlos Sainz Jr.] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{McLaren}} {{Scuderia Toro Rosso}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sainz, Carlos}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1994.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Madrid]] [[Kategorija:Španski vozači Formule 1]] 85t6bndas641rgxc5djl5bj7t09atje 0 381582 3427015 3227493 2022-08-02T08:16:09Z 2A02:586:813D:2A86:49B4:C2F3:CC79:1704 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija nogometna liga | logo = | piksela = | država = {{ZID|Grčka}} | konfederacija = [[UEFA]] | osnovana = 1927. | ekipe = 14 | ispadanje = [[Druga nogometna liga Grčke|Druga liga]] | nivo = 1 | domaći_kup = [[Kup Grčke u nogometu|Nacionalni kup]]<br>[[Superkup Grčke u nogometu|Superkup]] | konfederalni_kup = [[UEFA Liga prvaka|Liga prvaka]]<br />[[UEFA Evropska liga|Evropska liga]] | šampioni = [[Olympiacos FC|Olympiacos]] = [[Superliga Grčke 2021/2022.|2021/22.]] | najuspješniji_klub = [[Olympiacos FC|Olympiacos]] (47x) | tv = | internet_stranica = [http://www.superleaguegreece.net/el superleaguegreece.net] | trenutno = [[Superliga Grčke 2022/2023.|Superliga 2022/23.]] }} '''Superliga Grčke''' ([[grčki]]: ''Σούπερ Λίγκα Ελλάδα'') je profesionalna [[grčka]] nogometna liga, te predstavlja najviši rang u grčkom nogometu. Osnovana je 1927. godine. Sezona traje od [[august]]a do [[maj]]a. Trenutni prvak Grčke je [[Olympiacos FC|Olympiacos]]. Sa 47 osvojene titule [[Olympiacos FC|Olympiacos]] je najuspješniji tim lige. ==Format takmičenja== U ligi se takmiči 14 klubova. Igraju se po dvije utakmice, svako sa svakim (26 kola). Pobjednik lige naredne sezone igra u grupnoj fazi [[UEFA Liga prvaka|Lige prvaka]], dok ekipe od drugog do petog mjesta igraju play-off. Pobjednik play-offa naredne sezone igra u trećem kolu kvalifikacija za Ligu prvaka, drugoplasirani ostvaruje nastup u play-off za [[UEFA Evropska liga|Evropsku ligu]], dok ekipe koje završe na trećem i četvrtom mjestu igraju drugo, odnosno treće kolo kvalifikacija za Evropsku ligu. Četiri posljednjeplasirane ekipe ispadaju u niži rang. ==Klubovi u sezoni 2022/2023.== {| valign=top |- |valign=top| * [[AEK Atina FC|AEK]] * [[Aris Thessaloniki FC|Aris]] * [[Asteras Tripoli FC|Asteras]] * [[Atromitos FC|Atromitos]] * [[PAS Lamia 1964|Lamia]] * [[Levadiakos FC|Levadiakos]] * [[Ionikos]] |valign=top| * [[OFI Kreta FC|OFI Kreta]] * [[Olympiacos FC|Olympiacos]] * [[Panathinaikos FC|Panathinaikos]] * [[Panetolikos FC|Panetolikos]] * [[PAOK FC|PAOK]] * [[PAS Giannina FC|PAS Giannina]] * [[Volos]] |} ==Prvaci== {| class="wikitable" |- ! style="width:110px" |Klub ! style="width:50px" |Titule ! style="width:20px" |Posljednja titula |- |[[Olympiacos FC|Olympiacos]] | style="text-align:center" | 47 | 2021/22. |- |[[Panathinaikos FC|Panathinaikos]] | style="text-align:center" | 20 |2009/10 |- |[[AEK Atina FC|AEK Atina]] | style="text-align:center" | 12 |2017/18. |- |[[Aris Thessaloniki FC|Aris]] | style="text-align:center" | 3 |1945/46. |- | [[PAOK FC|PAOK]] | style="text-align:center" | 3 |2018/19. |- | [[Athlitiki Enosi Larissa FC|AEL]] | style="text-align:center" | 1 |1987/88. |} == Reference == {{reference}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.superleaguegreece.net/el Službena stranica] {{Sezone Superlige Grčke}} {{Evropske prve nogometne lige}} [[Kategorija:Osnivanja u 1927.]] [[Kategorija:Nogometna takmičenja u Grčkoj]] [[Kategorija:Prve nogometne lige u Evropi|Grčka]] [[Kategorija:Prva nogometna liga Grčke]] [[Kategorija:Prve lige Grčke]] d0l3zvtfexco07hdqloyfdlr9vsali9 4 384380 3426936 3425301 2022-08-01T18:41:49Z wikitext text/x-wiki 3426945 3426936 2022-08-01T18:55:20Z AnToni 2325 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Čaršija|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starija pitanja možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Ideje break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> '''Ovdje ste na odjeljku Čaršije za predlaganje ideja.''' Ispod možete predložiti nove ideje za projekt. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Predloži ideju|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Ideje&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #A97700; border: #A97700; color:white;}} </div> }} __TOC__ == Korpus == http://corpus.byu.edu/wiki/ wikipedia kao korpus --[[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 12:37, 25 april 2015 (CEST) == Foto-konkurs u Republici Srpskoj == Zdravo svima! Vikimedijanci iz Republike Srpske rade na organizaciji foto-konkursa ovog leta. Tema konkursa biće prirodna i kulturna dobra Republike Srpske. Trenutno razrađujemo detaljan plan i uskoro će sve informacije biti dostupne. Ukoliko ste zainteresovni da pomognete u organizaciji i promociji, ili oko tehničkih poslova (šablona i sl.) na Vikipediji i/ili Komonsu, biće nam drago da sarađujemo. Pišite nam na korisničkoj stranici ili na wmsrpske@googlegroups.com. --[[Korisnik:Bojana Wiki PG|Bojana Wiki PG]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Bojana Wiki PG|razgovor]]) 22:27, 29 maj 2015 (CEST) :Hvala na pozivu! Rado! Obratite mi se na mojoj korisničnoj stranici.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC;"><span style="color:red;">ra</span><span style="color:green;">zg</span><span style="color:gold;">ov</span><span style="color:black;">or</span></span>'']])} 23:25, 29 maj 2015 (CEST) == add-ons za firefox == na stotine skripti za dodavanje search engina u firefox za pretraživanje svega http://mycroftproject.com/ --[[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 02:12, 20 februar 2016 (CET) == Dan džamija == Pošto je danas Dan džamija u Bosni i Hercegovini, predlažem urednicima da danas daju malo više doprinosa člancima o džamijama. --[[Posebno:Doprinos/109.175.98.15|109.175.98.15]] 13:22, 7 maj 2021 (CEST) : U svakome slučaju i bez obzira na Dan Džamija članci o njima treba da se dopunjuju. Na primjer, mnoge nemaju slike, pa eto dobre ideje za svakog korisnika koji su geografski blizu onima kojim fali slika da obiđu iste i uslikaju najbolje što mogu, postave na commons, i obogate Wikipediju na bosanskome a bogme i druge. --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 15:39, 7 maj 2021 (CEST) :: Tako je Harise, svaka čast, vi postupate kao pravi urednik. Odličan prijedlog. --[[Posebno:Doprinos/109.175.98.15|109.175.98.15]] 16:50, 7 maj 2021 (CEST) ::: Od trenutno aktivnih urednika ne znam nijednog da ne postupa kao pravi urednik :-) Samo naprijed, ja sam prije neki mjesec dao [[c:File:Tabhanska mosque in Visoko, Bosnia.jpg|mali doprinos]]. Dobro bi bilo da imamo slike svih džamija koji su nacionalni spomenici, za početak. --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 17:15, 7 maj 2021 (CEST) ::: Evo također i [[c:File:Liskovačka džamija u Gradišci.jpg|dobar primjer]] kolege Srđana koji je neki dan postavio slike bitnih džamija u Gradišci :-) --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 17:42, 7 maj 2021 (CEST) j2etmv7ek13zagr5xkhlr14qmcu5zkl 3427031 3426945 2022-08-02T10:37:37Z ClearDoer 144752 wikitext text/x-wiki 3427038 3427031 2022-08-02T10:40:18Z Base 49245 Vraćene izmjene korisnika [[Special:Contributions/ClearDoer|ClearDoer]] ([[User talk:ClearDoer|razgovor]]) na posljednju izmjenu korisnika [[User:AnToni|AnToni]] wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Čaršija|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starija pitanja možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Ideje break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> '''Ovdje ste na odjeljku Čaršije za predlaganje ideja.''' Ispod možete predložiti nove ideje za projekt. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Predloži ideju|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Ideje&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #A97700; border: #A97700; color:white;}} </div> }} __TOC__ == Korpus == http://corpus.byu.edu/wiki/ wikipedia kao korpus --[[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 12:37, 25 april 2015 (CEST) == Foto-konkurs u Republici Srpskoj == Zdravo svima! Vikimedijanci iz Republike Srpske rade na organizaciji foto-konkursa ovog leta. Tema konkursa biće prirodna i kulturna dobra Republike Srpske. Trenutno razrađujemo detaljan plan i uskoro će sve informacije biti dostupne. Ukoliko ste zainteresovni da pomognete u organizaciji i promociji, ili oko tehničkih poslova (šablona i sl.) na Vikipediji i/ili Komonsu, biće nam drago da sarađujemo. Pišite nam na korisničkoj stranici ili na wmsrpske@googlegroups.com. --[[Korisnik:Bojana Wiki PG|Bojana Wiki PG]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Bojana Wiki PG|razgovor]]) 22:27, 29 maj 2015 (CEST) :Hvala na pozivu! Rado! Obratite mi se na mojoj korisničnoj stranici.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC; font-size:small;"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|''<span style="font-family:Bradley Hand ITC;"><span style="color:red;">ra</span><span style="color:green;">zg</span><span style="color:gold;">ov</span><span style="color:black;">or</span></span>'']])} 23:25, 29 maj 2015 (CEST) == add-ons za firefox == na stotine skripti za dodavanje search engina u firefox za pretraživanje svega http://mycroftproject.com/ --[[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 02:12, 20 februar 2016 (CET) == Dan džamija == Pošto je danas Dan džamija u Bosni i Hercegovini, predlažem urednicima da danas daju malo više doprinosa člancima o džamijama. --[[Posebno:Doprinos/109.175.98.15|109.175.98.15]] 13:22, 7 maj 2021 (CEST) : U svakome slučaju i bez obzira na Dan Džamija članci o njima treba da se dopunjuju. Na primjer, mnoge nemaju slike, pa eto dobre ideje za svakog korisnika koji su geografski blizu onima kojim fali slika da obiđu iste i uslikaju najbolje što mogu, postave na commons, i obogate Wikipediju na bosanskome a bogme i druge. --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 15:39, 7 maj 2021 (CEST) :: Tako je Harise, svaka čast, vi postupate kao pravi urednik. Odličan prijedlog. --[[Posebno:Doprinos/109.175.98.15|109.175.98.15]] 16:50, 7 maj 2021 (CEST) ::: Od trenutno aktivnih urednika ne znam nijednog da ne postupa kao pravi urednik :-) Samo naprijed, ja sam prije neki mjesec dao [[c:File:Tabhanska mosque in Visoko, Bosnia.jpg|mali doprinos]]. Dobro bi bilo da imamo slike svih džamija koji su nacionalni spomenici, za početak. --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 17:15, 7 maj 2021 (CEST) ::: Evo također i [[c:File:Liskovačka džamija u Gradišci.jpg|dobar primjer]] kolege Srđana koji je neki dan postavio slike bitnih džamija u Gradišci :-) --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 17:42, 7 maj 2021 (CEST) j2etmv7ek13zagr5xkhlr14qmcu5zkl 0 384951 3426906 3382523 2022-08-01T13:12:38Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Broken Hill Skull (Replica01).jpg|thumb|200px|''[[Homo rhodesiensis]]'': [[Lobanja]] iz Broken Hilla, [[fosil]]izirana prije oko 130.000 (determinacijom [[aminokiselina|aminokiselinskog]] grananja ) ili prije oko 800.000 do 600.000 (na osnovu istovremenosti s vrstom ''Homo erectus'')]] '''Pradavni ljudi''' ili '''arhajski ljudi''' – zajednička je oznaka za jedan broj varijanti roda [[Homo (rod)|Homo]], koje su grupirane u ovu široku kategoriju, u kontrastu s modernim ljudskim oblicima (''Homo sapiens''). Egzistirali su u periodu koji počinje prije oko 500.000 godina. Ova kategorija nema [[biosistematika|biosistematsko]]-[[taksonomija|taksonomsko]] značenje, a obično uključuje oblike ''[[Homo heilderbergensis]]'', ''[[Homo rhodesiensis]]'', ''[[Homo neanderthalensis]]'', a može i ''[[Homo antecessor]]''. Prema nekim ranijim teorijama, moderni ljudi su evoluirali iz arhajskih, a prema drugima, potiču od ''[[Homo erectus]]''. Varijante arhajskih ljudi se ponekad uključuju i pod dvoimeni naziv "''[[Homo sapiens]]''", jer njihova veličina mozga je vrlo slična onoj modernih ljudi. Prosječna zapremina [[mozak|mozga]] im je bila oko 1200–1400&nbsp;cm³, što se preklapa sa ovom kod modernih ljudi. Arhajski se razlikuju od [[anatomski moderni čovjek|anatomski moderni ljudi]] po debljim kostima lobanje, istaknutpm [[oko|nadočnim i tjemenim]] grebenima, te nedostatku istaknute [[brada (anatomija)|brade]].<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=rR9XPnaqvCMC&printsec=frontcover#PPA62,M1.</ref><ref>Dawkins R. (2005): The ancestor's tale. Mariner, Boston, {{ISBN|0-618-61916}} X.</ref><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=c4BZ7vu0WRsC&pg=RA1-PA783&lpg=RA1-PA783&dq=punctuated+equilibrium+archaic+homo+sapiens&source=bl&ots=bTy2NIi8Bm&sig=QeRgYZ1HskygoiRcKv62-HRUo0A&hl=en&ei=2KULSofuFZy6tAOf_ZD4Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3#PRA1-PA783,M1 Companion encyclopedia of archaeology</ref> Anatomski moderni ljudi su se pojavili prije oko 200.000 godina, a prema teoriji [[Katastrofa vulkana Toba|katastrofe vulkana Toba]], prije 70.000 godina. Nakon te procjene, kategorija arhajskih ljudi je postepeno marginalizirana. Za nerecentne varijante roda ''Homo'' se procjenjuje da nisu preživjele granicu od prije 30.000 godina, a možda i do nedavnih oko 10.000 godina. Koje su od njih, ako ih ima, uključene pod pojmom "arhajski ljudi", stvar je definicije koja varira među autorima. Ipak, prema nedavnim [[genetika|genetičkim studijama]], moderni ljudi su možda evoluirali iz ''"najmanje dvije grupe"'' drevnih ljudi: [[neandertalac|neandertalci]] i [[Denisova]].<ref>Mitchell A. (2012): DNA turning human story into a tell-all. New York Times, January 30, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/31/science/gains-in-dna-are-speeding-research-into-human-origins.html.</ref> Druge studije su stvorile sumnju podatkom o izvoru zajedničkih [[genetički marker|genetičkih markera]] arhajskih i modernih ljudi, ukazujući na porijeklo predačkih osobina od prije 500.000 do 800.000 godina.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/9474109/Neanderthals-did-not-interbreed-with-humans-scientists-find.html |title=Arhivirana kopija |access-date=1. 5. 2015 |archive-date=19. 4. 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419013144/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/9474109/Neanderthals-did-not-interbreed-with-humans-scientists-find.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/feb/04/neanderthals-modern-humans-research</ref><ref>http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378111913007567</ref> Novi dokazi ukazuju na još jednu grupu mogućih izumrlih predaka današnjih ljudi, od prije 11.500 godina, u skupini oblika čovkeka iz pećine ''Crveni jelen'' [[Kina]]. Međutim, ''Chris Stringer'', iz ''Natural History Museum, London'', predložio je da ovi ljudi mogu biti rezultat parenja između [[Denisovski čovjek|Denisovskih hominina]] i moderni ljudi, dok drugi naučnici ostaju još skeptični, što ukazuje da su jedinstvene odlike ovog nalaza u okviru očekivane varijacije ljudskih [[populacija]].<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-17370170, Human fossils hint at new species March 14, 20 [[BBC]].</ref><ref>http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn21586-chinese-human-fossils-unlike-any-known-species.html, 2012-03-14, New Scientist.</ref> ==Terminologija i definicija== [[Datoteka:Sapiens neanderthal comparison.jpg|thumb|right|460px|[[Anatomija|Poređenje anatomije]] lobanjâ: [[anatomski moderni čovjek]] (lijevo) i ''[[Homo neanderthalensis]]'' (desno).]] Kategoriji arhaičnih ljudi nedostaje jedinstveno dogovorena definicija. Prema jednoj definiciji, '' Homo sapiens '' je jedinstvena vrsta koja se sastoji od nekoliko podvrsta koje uključuju arhajske i moderne ljude. U okviru ove definicije, moderni ljudi se nazivaju '' Homo sapiens sapiens '', a arhajski su također određeni sa ozbnakom ''Homo sapiens". Na primjer, neandertalci su ''[[neandertalac|Homo sapiens neanderthalensis]]'', a ''Homo heilderbergensis'' je '' ''Homo sapiens heilderbergensis''. Ostali taksonomi radije ne uzimaju u obzir arhajske i moderne ljudi kao jednu vrstu, ali kao nekoliko različitih vrsta. U ovom slučaju koristi se standardna taksonomija, odnosno '' [[Homo rhodesiensis]]'' ili ''[[Homo neanderthalensis ]]''. Granice podjele koje izdvajaju moderni ljudi od arhajskih, a njih od ''[[Homo erectus]]'' su nejasne. Najraniji poznati fosili anatomski modernih ljudi poput onih iz nalazišta ''Omo'', starih oko 195.000 godina, ''[[Homo sapiens idaltu]]'', od pre 160.000 godina i lokaliteta [[Qafzeh]] od prije 90.000 godina su prepoznatljivo savremeni ljudi. Međutim, ovi rani moderni ljudi ispoljavaju mješavinu i nekih pradavnih osobina, kao što su umjereni, ali ne istaknuti, [[oko|nadočni]] grebeni (''torii supraorbitales''). ==Povećavanje zapremine mozga== Pojava arhajskog čovjeka se ponekad uzima kao primjer [[isprekidana ravnoteža|isprekidane evolucijske ravnoteže]].<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=67NUz_HVJfQC&printsec=frontcover#PPA62,M1 Alone in the Universe]</ref> To se događa kada vrsta prolazi kroz značajnu biološku evoluciju u relativno kratkom periodu. Nakon toga, vrsta dugo doživljava vrlo malo promjena do narednog prekida (etape). Veličina mozga arhajskih ljudi znatno je porasla, sa 900³ ''H. erectus'' do 1300&nbsp;cm³. Vrhunac veličine ljudskog mozga je dostignut u toku arhajse epohe, a zatim je počela da opada.<ref>http://phys.org/news187877156.html</ref> ==Porijeklo jezika== Robin Dunbar tvrdi da arhajski ljudi bili prvi koji koriste jezik. Na osnovu analiza odnosa između veličine mozga i veličine hominidne grupe, zaključio je da su arhajski ljudi, sudeći po veličini mozga mozga, živjeli u grupama od preko 120 indivcidua. Također tvrdi da nije bilo moguće za [[hominidi|hominide]] da žive u tako velikim grupama bez upotrebe jezika, u suprotnom nebi bilo grupne kohezije i grupa bi se raspala. Poređenja radi, [[čimpanze]] žive u manjim grupama do 50 jedinki.<ref>http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/OldArchive/bbs.dunbar.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090626092650/http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/OldArchive/bbs.dunbar.html |date=26 Juni 2009 }} Co-evolution of neocortex size and language in humans.</ref><ref>Dunbar R. (1993): Grooming, gossip, and the evolution of language, Harvard University Press, {{ISBN|978-0-674-36336-6}} http://books.google.com/?id=nN5DFNT-6ToC&printsec=frontcover#PPA112,M1.</ref> ==Fosili== * [[Atapuerca Mountains]], ''Sima de los Huesos'' * [[Saldanha]] čovjek * [[Altamira]] čovjek * [[Kabwe]] lobanja * [[Steinheim]] lobanja ==Reference== {{reference}} ==Također pogledajte== *[[Evolucija čovjeka]] *[[Hominizacija]] * ''[[Homo erectus]]'' * ''[[Homo sapiens idaltu]]'' ==Vanjski linkovi== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090816123716/http://www.anthropology.hawaii.edu/People/Faculty/Pietrusewsky/anth310/labs/Lab05.pdf EARLY AND LATE “ARCHAIC“HOMO SAPIENS AND “ANATOMICALLY MODERN” HOMO SAPIENS] * [http://www.actionbioscience.org/evolution/johanson.html Origins of Modern Humans: Multiregional or Out of Africa?]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101114081543/http://www.actionbioscience.org/evolution/johanson.html |date=14. 11. 2010 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090709125530/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/biology/humanevolution/sapiens.html Homo sapiens, Museum of Natural History] [[Kategorija:Bioantropologija]] [[Kategorija:Paleoantropologija]] [[Kategorija:Ljudi]] [[Kategorija:Čovjek]] gn3wywjlh7dknb35f7nqahsd4atx20u 0 395315 3427025 3297986 2022-08-02T10:33:19Z 93.140.160.33 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Geokutija naselje u BiH <!-- *** Gornji dio *** --> | ime = Gornji Čevljanovići | vrsta = (naselje) <!-- *** Ime **** --> | službeni_naziv = | slogan = | nadimak = <!-- *** Slika *** --> | slika = Gornji Cevljanovici, Korida.jpg | opis_slike = Gornji Čevljanovići, korida | veličina_slike = <!-- *** Simboli *** --> | zastava = | grb = <!-- *** Države, regije i.t.d *** --> | entitet = [[Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine]] | kanton = [[Kanton Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | općina = [[Ilijaš]] <!-- *** Položaj *** --> | nadmorska_visina = | širina_stepeni = 44.0403 | dužina_stepeni = 18.5103 | najveća tačka = | najveća tačka metara = <!-- *** Površina *** --> | površina_grada = | površina_općine = <!-- *** Stanovništvo *** --> | stanovništvo grad = 76 | stanovništvo procjena = | stanovništvo godina = 2013 | stanovništvo procjena godina = | gustoća = <!-- *** Kod *** --> | poštanski broj = | pozivni broj = (+387) 33 | matični broj = 143286<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaFBiH.pdf |title=Sistematski spisak općina i naselja |work=fzs.ba |accessdate=24. 9. 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509001936/http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaFBiH.pdf |archivedate=9. 5. 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | matični broj općine = 10863 <!-- *** Karta *** --> | karta_lokacija = Bosna i Hercegovina | opis_karte = Gornji Čevljanovići u Bosni i Hercegovini <!-- *** Web stranice *** --> | web stranice = <!-- *** Bilješka *** --> | bilješka = }} '''Gornji Čevljanovići''' su naseljeno mjesto u općini [[Ilijaš]], [[Bosna i Hercegovina]]. Nalaze se na nadmorskoj visini od skoro 1000 metara, na planini udaljenoj pola sata vožnje od [[Sarajevo|Sarajeva]] prema [[Tuzla|Tuzli]]. Od 1947. na Čevljanovićima se se tradicionalne svake godine održava borba bikova, narodna fešta kojoj prisustvuje nekoliko desetina hiljada ljudi. [[Bosanska korida]], koja se organizuje na nekoliko mjesta u Bosni i Hercegovini, je mnogo manje brutalna od [[Španija|španske]], na kojoj se bikovi mrcvare dok ne iskrvare i budu probodeni mačem. Na Čevljanovićima se sukobljavaju dva bika, a gubitnik kraj borbe označava svojim bijegom te krvi nema.<ref>[https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/ludnica-na-koridi-u-cevljanovicima-20120721 Ludnica na koridi u Čevljanovićima - www.tportal.hr - 21.07.2012]</ref> == Stanovništvo == {{Stanovništvo BiH | naslov_tabele = Sastav stanovništva | ime_naseljenog_mjesta = Gornji Čevljanovići | vrsta_naseljenog_mjesta = naselje | maticni_broj = 143286 | admin_godina = 2013 | g2013_izvor = <ref name="popis2013">{{cite web |title=Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u Bosni i Hercegovini 2013 – Etnička/nacionalna pripadnost, vjeroispovijest, maternji jezik |url=https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |website=popis.gov.ba |publisher=Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine |access-date=7. 4. 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210407103505/https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |archive-date=7. 4. 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref> | g1991_izvor = | g1981_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web| url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1981/pdf/G19814001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1981. |work=stat.gov.rs |accessdate= 24. 9. 2015}}</ref> | g1971_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web| url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1971/pdf/G19714001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1971. |work=stat.gov.rs |accessdate= 24. 9. 2015}}</ref> | g2013_ukupno = 76 | g2013_bosnjaci = 76 | g1991_ukupno = 134 | g1991_muslimani = 128 | g1991_srbi = 5 | g1991_jugosloveni = 1 | g1981_ukupno = 140 | g1981_muslimani = 125 | g1981_srbi = 15 | g1971_ukupno = 142 | g1971_muslimani = 122 | g1971_srbi = 18 }} == Reference == {{reference}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.ilijas.ba/ Zvanični sajt općine Ilijaš] {{Općina Ilijaš}} blk9m8ep241m1fpeagdfxb6lw2g8vhk 3427027 3427025 2022-08-02T10:35:59Z 93.140.160.33 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Geokutija naselje u BiH <!-- *** Gornji dio *** --> | ime = Gornji Čevljanovići | vrsta = (naselje) <!-- *** Ime **** --> | službeni_naziv = | slogan = | nadimak = <!-- *** Slika *** --> | slika = Gornji Cevljanovici, Korida.jpg | opis_slike = Gornji Čevljanovići, korida | veličina_slike = <!-- *** Simboli *** --> | zastava = | grb = <!-- *** Države, regije i.t.d *** --> | entitet = [[Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine]] | kanton = [[Kanton Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | općina = [[Ilijaš]] <!-- *** Položaj *** --> | nadmorska_visina = | širina_stepeni = 44.0403 | dužina_stepeni = 18.5103 | najveća tačka = | najveća tačka metara = <!-- *** Površina *** --> | površina_grada = | površina_općine = <!-- *** Stanovništvo *** --> | stanovništvo grad = 76 | stanovništvo procjena = | stanovništvo godina = 2013 | stanovništvo procjena godina = | gustoća = <!-- *** Kod *** --> | poštanski broj = | pozivni broj = (+387) 33 | matični broj = 143286<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaFBiH.pdf |title=Sistematski spisak općina i naselja |work=fzs.ba |accessdate=24. 9. 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509001936/http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaFBiH.pdf |archivedate=9. 5. 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | matični broj općine = 10863 <!-- *** Karta *** --> | karta_lokacija = Bosna i Hercegovina | opis_karte = Gornji Čevljanovići u Bosni i Hercegovini <!-- *** Web stranice *** --> | web stranice = <!-- *** Bilješka *** --> | bilješka = }} '''Gornji Čevljanovići''' su naseljeno mjesto u općini [[Ilijaš]], [[Bosna i Hercegovina]]. Nalaze se na nadmorskoj visini od skoro 1000 metara, na planini udaljenoj pola sata vožnje od [[Sarajevo|Sarajeva]] prema [[Tuzla|Tuzli]]. Od 1947. na Čevljanovićima se se tradicionalne svake godine održava borba bikova, narodna fešta kojoj prisustvuje nekoliko desetina hiljada ljudi. [[Bosanska korida]], koja se organizuje na nekoliko mjesta u Bosni i Hercegovini, je mnogo manje brutalna od [[Španija|španske]], na kojoj se bikovi mrcvare dok ne iskrvare i budu probodeni mačem. Na Čevljanovićima se sukobljavaju dva bika, a gubitnik kraj borbe označava svojim bijegom te krvi nema.<ref>[https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/ludnica-na-koridi-u-cevljanovicima-20120721 Ludnica na koridi u Čevljanovićima - www.tportal.hr - 21.07.2012.]</ref> == Stanovništvo == {{Stanovništvo BiH | naslov_tabele = Sastav stanovništva | ime_naseljenog_mjesta = Gornji Čevljanovići | vrsta_naseljenog_mjesta = naselje | maticni_broj = 143286 | admin_godina = 2013 | g2013_izvor = <ref name="popis2013">{{cite web |title=Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u Bosni i Hercegovini 2013 – Etnička/nacionalna pripadnost, vjeroispovijest, maternji jezik |url=https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |website=popis.gov.ba |publisher=Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine |access-date=7. 4. 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210407103505/https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |archive-date=7. 4. 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref> | g1991_izvor = | g1981_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web| url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1981/pdf/G19814001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1981. |work=stat.gov.rs |accessdate= 24. 9. 2015}}</ref> | g1971_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web| url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1971/pdf/G19714001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1971. |work=stat.gov.rs |accessdate= 24. 9. 2015}}</ref> | g2013_ukupno = 76 | g2013_bosnjaci = 76 | g1991_ukupno = 134 | g1991_muslimani = 128 | g1991_srbi = 5 | g1991_jugosloveni = 1 | g1981_ukupno = 140 | g1981_muslimani = 125 | g1981_srbi = 15 | g1971_ukupno = 142 | g1971_muslimani = 122 | g1971_srbi = 18 }} == Reference == {{reference}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.ilijas.ba/ Zvanični sajt općine Ilijaš] {{Općina Ilijaš}} jbm4230p5c0o3z95j19ukwrkoyp53d5 3427030 3427027 2022-08-02T10:37:30Z 93.140.160.33 dodana riječ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Geokutija naselje u BiH <!-- *** Gornji dio *** --> | ime = Gornji Čevljanovići | vrsta = (naselje) <!-- *** Ime **** --> | službeni_naziv = | slogan = | nadimak = <!-- *** Slika *** --> | slika = Gornji Cevljanovici, Korida.jpg | opis_slike = Gornji Čevljanovići, korida | veličina_slike = <!-- *** Simboli *** --> | zastava = | grb = <!-- *** Države, regije i.t.d *** --> | entitet = [[Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine]] | kanton = [[Kanton Sarajevo|Sarajevo]] | općina = [[Ilijaš]] <!-- *** Položaj *** --> | nadmorska_visina = | širina_stepeni = 44.0403 | dužina_stepeni = 18.5103 | najveća tačka = | najveća tačka metara = <!-- *** Površina *** --> | površina_grada = | površina_općine = <!-- *** Stanovništvo *** --> | stanovništvo grad = 76 | stanovništvo procjena = | stanovništvo godina = 2013 | stanovništvo procjena godina = | gustoća = <!-- *** Kod *** --> | poštanski broj = | pozivni broj = (+387) 33 | matični broj = 143286<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaFBiH.pdf |title=Sistematski spisak općina i naselja |work=fzs.ba |accessdate=24. 9. 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509001936/http://www.fzs.ba/Dem/Popis/nas_mjestaFBiH.pdf |archivedate=9. 5. 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | matični broj općine = 10863 <!-- *** Karta *** --> | karta_lokacija = Bosna i Hercegovina | opis_karte = Gornji Čevljanovići u Bosni i Hercegovini <!-- *** Web stranice *** --> | web stranice = <!-- *** Bilješka *** --> | bilješka = }} '''Gornji Čevljanovići''' su naseljeno mjesto u općini [[Ilijaš]], [[Bosna i Hercegovina]]. Nalaze se na nadmorskoj visini od skoro 1000 metara, na planini udaljenoj pola sata vožnje od [[Sarajevo|Sarajeva]] prema [[Tuzla|Tuzli]]. Od 1947. na Čevljanovićima se se tradicionalne svake godine održava borba bikova, narodna fešta kojoj prisustvuje nekoliko desetina hiljada ljudi. [[Bosanska korida]], koja se organizuje na nekoliko mjesta u Bosni i Hercegovini, je mnogo manje brutalna od [[Španija|španske]], na kojoj se bikovi mrcvare dok ne iskrvare i budu probodeni mačem. Na Čevljanovićima se sukobljavaju dva bika, a gubitnik kraj borbe označava svojim bijegom te krvi nema.<ref>[https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/ludnica-na-koridi-u-cevljanovicima-20120721 Ludnica na koridi u Čevljanovićima - www.tportal.hr - 21.07.2012.]</ref> == Stanovništvo == {{Stanovništvo BiH | naslov_tabele = Sastav stanovništva | ime_naseljenog_mjesta = Gornji Čevljanovići | vrsta_naseljenog_mjesta = naselje | maticni_broj = 143286 | admin_godina = 2013 | g2013_izvor = <ref name="popis2013">{{cite web |title=Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u Bosni i Hercegovini 2013 – Etnička/nacionalna pripadnost, vjeroispovijest, maternji jezik |url=https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |website=popis.gov.ba |publisher=Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine |access-date=7. 4. 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210407103505/https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/knjige.php?id=2 |archive-date=7. 4. 2021 |url-status=live }}</ref> | g1991_izvor = | g1981_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web| url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1981/pdf/G19814001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1981. |work=stat.gov.rs |accessdate= 24. 9. 2015}}</ref> | g1971_izvor = <ref>{{Cite web| url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G1971/pdf/G19714001.pdf |title=Nacionalni sastav stanovništva SFR Jugoslavije 1971. |work=stat.gov.rs |accessdate= 24. 9. 2015}}</ref> | g2013_ukupno = 76 | g2013_bosnjaci = 76 | g1991_ukupno = 134 | g1991_muslimani = 128 | g1991_srbi = 5 | g1991_jugosloveni = 1 | g1981_ukupno = 140 | g1981_muslimani = 125 | g1981_srbi = 15 | g1971_ukupno = 142 | g1971_muslimani = 122 | g1971_srbi = 18 }} == Reference == {{reference}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [http://www.ilijas.ba/ Zvanični sajt općine Ilijaš] {{Općina Ilijaš}} icgi1qb9vgefmgkx4g2ws6z767u4x0a 4 399273 3426934 3425300 2022-08-01T18:41:23Z sloviani idi na huj [Deutschland Erwache] wikitext text/x-wiki {{Čaršija|1= Ovdje ste na odjeljku Čaršije za botove. Možete postaviti sve zahtjeve vezano za poslove koje zahtjevaju masovne izmjene. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> </div> }} == Format datuma == :''pitanje je bilo postavljeno na mojoj stranici za razgovor''--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 08:50, 18 januar 2016 (CET) Znaš li ima li puno članaka koji koriste format datuma D.M.GGGG (bez razmaka)? – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 17:37, 17 januar 2016 (CET) ::::Nema, više ima YYYY-MM-DD i engl.varijanti. Bez razmaka sam ja koristio ranije (možda 50tak članaka maksimalno 100)--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 17:43, 17 januar 2016 (CET) Da dodam da postoji kategorija koja hvata greške u datumima, pa možete tamo pogledati. Ovo se za veći dio najbrže može podesiti botom, ali prije svega je ja mislim bitnije da se odluči koje varijante datuma podržavati. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<font style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></font>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<font color="green"><b>r</b></font>]])} 21:18, 17 januar 2016 (CET) :Ma ne brini, ide to nama polahko. Samo što sam se "naljutio" na Srdjana što u toj kategoriji ima samo ''moji'' članci (koje sam uglavnom pisao), ali to nema veze s tim, imat ćeš posla kad dođeš oko toga, ne žuri, stići ćeš.--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 21:21, 17 januar 2016 (CET) :Slažem se s Edinom. Trebali bismo se dogovoriti koje ćemo podržavati (osim naravno ISO-a koji mora biti jedan od njih) da možemo (kažem "mi", a realno mislim na kolegu s en.wikija) novu verziju koja je trenutno na/u igralištu namjestiti na odgovarajuće formate. —[[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 23:56, 17 januar 2016 (CET) :Jedine 2 varijante koje mi padaju na pamet su: D-M-YYYY i D-MMMM-YYYY (gdje je MMMM tekstualni naziv mjeseca, a D datum bez vodeće nule dakle ne 02. već 2.). Osim ako ne misliš na pravilne tačke onda bi bilo D. M. YYYY. odnosno D. MMMM YYYY. Sve ostalo bilo bi ''engleziranje'' datuma (fazoni YYYY-MM-DD i slično)--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 09:59, 18 januar 2016 (CET) ::Može li neko razjasniti dolje koji su od ovih formata za raspon datuma dopušteni? Imajte na umu da na kraju ne ide tačka jer šablon automatski stavlja tačku na kraju. Za format datuma sam poprilično siguran da sam oporavio šta je dozvoljeno, a šta nije. '''Addendum''': šta kad je u rasponu crtica (hypen-minus) umjesto crte (en-dash), odnosno '''-''' umjesto '''–''' ? '''Addendum 2''': Ako je u rasponu skraćen mjesec i mjesec koji nema skraćenu varijantu, odnosno "maj", može li se miješati s kratkim datumom? Tj. je li u redu "17. jan. 2016 – 5. maj 2016" ili mora biti "17. januar 2016 – 5. maj 2016" (ostali kratki datumi bi trebali biti dozvoljeni tipa "17. jan. 2016 – 22. feb. 2016"). – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 20:56, 19 januar 2016 (CET) ::Ne vidim razlog zašto varijanta 17. jan. 2016 - 5. maj ne bi bila dopuštena. Maj ionako nije skraćeni naziv, januar jeste. Jedino ne bi bile tačke ako bi bila varijanta 17. jan - 5. maj--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 21:06, 19 januar 2016 (CET) ::{| class="wikitable" style="float:left;" !Format datuma !Status |- |4. 7. 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4.7.2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |04. 07. 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |04.07.2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |04. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |2016-07-04 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |2016-7-4 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |} {| class="wikitable" !Raspon datuma !Status |- |4. – 16. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4.–16. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4 – 16. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4–16. juli 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4./5. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4/5. juli 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli – 11. august 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli 2016. – 11. august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli 2016 – 11. august 2017 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015–2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015 – 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015.–2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015. – 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto – zima 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015/16 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015./16 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015/2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015./2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli–august 2015 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli – august 2015 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016.–august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016. – august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016–august 2017 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016 – august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli/august 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906–1944 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906 – 1944 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906. – 1944 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906.–1944 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906 – 44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906–44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906.–44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906. – 44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |} {{Spomeni|KWiki}} Vrijedi li ovo što si označio kad se koristi crtica, tj. spojnica (-)? – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 21:53, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :: Što nisam označio ne ide u razmatranje i obrnuto. :-) S tim da ću nekad još provjeriti za 1 ili 2 od ovih odobrenih oblika. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 22:35, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :::{{Spomeni|KWiki}} – Možeš li razjasniti ovo: ako je u rasponu "maj", može li se miješati s kratkim datumom ili mora biti dugi? Tj. je li u redu "17. jan. 2016 – 5. maj 2016" ili mora biti "17. januar 2016 – 5. maj 2016"? Za ostale datume znam da se ne trebaju miješati. –[[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 12:48, 20 januar 2016 (CET) :::: Ja bih se tu vodio veličinom tabele, tj. širinom kolona, tj. praktičnošću. Ako je tabela veća i ima više kolona, pa trebaju uže, onda bih tu koristio "jan.", a u protivnom dajem prednost punom obliku (za ovaj konkretni format). -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 14:51, 20 januar 2016 (CET) Moj glas ide za format '''D-MMMM-YYYY''', dakle:<br> 19. januar 2016(.) --[[Korisnik:Golden Bosnian Lily|<b><span style="color:gold;">Golden</span> <span style="color:green;">Bosnian</span> <span style="color:blue;">Lily</span></b>]] <small>([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Golden Bosnian Lily|r]])</small> 21:46, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :Samo da kažem da ovo zapravo nije glasanje o tome koji ćemo format ''isključivo'' koristiti, već samo koji će biti dozvoljeni da se unesu u šablone za referenciranje, a taj koji si naveo jeste jedan od njih. Korisnici mogu koristiti koji god hoće od navedenih uz uslov da je format jednobrazan u cijelom članku :) – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 21:53, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :::KWiki, molit ću lijepo, šta je to loše u 3. varijanti? Ispravna je iz tehničko-gramatičkog-semantičko-fonološkog aspekta. (da ne kažem hemijskog :P) --سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 22:30, 19 januar 2016 (CET) ::::Pretpostavljam {{FlowMention|Srdjan_m}} da su svugdje u rasponu navedene obične crtice (minus) umjesto one dugačke? --سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 12:58, 20 januar 2016 (CET) :::::Zbog praktičnosti svakako bi trebala biti u modulu. (neće ovo biti gotovo baš uskoro, možda tek za jedno sedmicu ili dvije tako da imamo vremena da skontamo kako gdje šta ide, ali svakako treba omogućiti unošenje normalne crtice zbog praktičnosti, samo trebam znati razlikuju li se pravila za tačke kad se ona koristi; ako se razlikuju, da napravim još jednu tabelu kao ovu gore pa da KWiki označi koja su pravila za običnu, pa da proslijedim tehničaru). –[[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 13:12, 20 januar 2016 (CET) {{izvuci|::::::}} Kod ''unosa'' je što se mene tiče najvažnija praktičnost i konzistentnost. ''Prikaz'' je sasvim nešto drugo i tu je najbolje da KWiki odredi šta je korektno. Bilo bi u svakom slučaju dobro podržati nekoliko mogućnosti za unos pa da korisnici sami odrede šta koristiti. Postoji samo problem da se vrijednosti kopiraju, i kopirali su se u prošlosti, s en.wikija. Ovo se može botom ispraviti (u slučajevima gdje je potrebno), ali bi najbolje bilo ovo razlikovati sa bs/en varijantima šablona, što bi bilo konzistentno sa parametrima i vrijednostima što se navode. Primjer: <code><nowiki>{{cite web|date=1 january 2016}}</nowiki></code> i nešto kao <code><nowiki>{{citiraj stranicu|datum=1 januar 2016}}</nowiki></code>. Ovo dozvoljava lokalnu varijantu, a i prenošenje s en.wikija, gdje je jedno i drugo jasno razdvojeno. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<font style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></font>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<font color="green"><b>r</b></font>]])} 21:54, 20 januar 2016 (CET) == Posao za bota == Šablone suverenih država (NE teritorija) bi trebalo zamijeniti botom pošto se radi o velikom broju izmjena a mislim da nema smisla da takvi šabloni i dalje postoje. Primjer: * Šablon '''<code><nowiki>{{Indija}}</nowiki></code>''' treba zamijeniti sa '''<code><nowiki>{{ZID|Indija}}</nowiki></code>''' te nakon zamjene šablon '''<code><nowiki>{{Indija}}</nowiki></code>''' obrisati. * Svi šabloni se nalaze u kategoriji '''[[:Kategorija:Šabloni ikona zastave|Šabloni ikona zastave]]'''. --[[Korisnik:Golden Bosnian Lily|<b><span style="color:black;">Golden</span> <span style="color:green;">Bosnian</span> <span style="color:blue;">Lily</span></b>]] <small>([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Golden Bosnian Lily|r]])</small> 09:10, 18 novembar 2017 (CET) : Šta mislite da preimenujemo također {{tl|ZID}} u {{tl|Zastava}}, što je po en.wiki primjeru? -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 12:49, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) : Imamo ZD - zastava države (samo zastava bez naziva države) kao i ZID - zastava sa državom. Zastava bi sama bila zbunjujuća. --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 13:07, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) Zamijenio sam skoro sve. Međutim ima još dosta stvari što nisu ok: * Neki u sebi imaju direktan link prema datoteci. {{ok}} * Neki koriste {{tl|flagcountry}}. {{ok}} * Našao sam isto da se koriste alternativni šabloni kao {{tl|ZD-A}}. Ovo ću obrisati sve i zamijeniti sa {{tl|ZID}} jer je trenutno podivljalo sa svim ovim različitim šablonima. * [[:Kategorija:Šabloni ikona zastave/praćenje]] * Ima 5k+ zastava na en.wikiju, a mi samo imamo 308. Sve što fali treba prebaciti. Ovdje bi trebao jedino još prijevod, pa ko hoće da pomogne neka se javi. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 23:19, 26 oktobar 2019 (CEST) : Prijevod čega? Koliko? – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:42, 26 oktobar 2019 (CEST) :: [[:en:Category:All country data templates]]. Ali mislim da se može djelimično automatizirati. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 23:48, 26 oktobar 2019 (CEST) == Promjena imena kategorije == Kako se u kategoriji [[:Kategorija:Osnivanja po godinama]], nalaze kategorije po formuli ''yyyy. osnivanja'', a kao što je [[User:KWiki|KWiki]] [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:1994._osnivanja&action=history ovdje predložio] da ih promjenimo u '''Osnivanja u yyyy.''' Kako sam ja dodavao tačke i pravio druge manje promjene i preusmjeravanja sa [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]], bilo bi dobro osmisliti kako to uraditi! Moralo bi se sa varijablom YYYY i petljom koja mjenja godine i postavlja isti tekst, te automatski preusmjerava staru kategoriju na novu. U člancima se može ta nova kategorija ubaciti šablonima, a tu su i međulinkovi sa drugim projektima. Ukratko: da bi ja to napravio, moram se malo pozabaviti AWB-om, a ako neko ima neki plan - nek javi!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 18:37, 29 decembar 2017 (CET) : Dakle, te prve "wikigeneracije" baš nisu vodile računa o našem jeziku kad su se pravile kategorije (ne mislim na neke sitnije propuste preko kojih se može preći – tu ima stvari koje su baš van strukture našeg jezika /samo kopirani nazivi s EN wiki, bez ikakvog prilagođavanja/) i, evo, to se dovuklo do nas danas. Znam da je ogroman i botovski posao ispraviti sve to i izvinjavam se što sam "natjerao" da se to pokrene s mrtve tačke, ali nekad neko nešto mora početi raditi ako želimo da bude kako treba (ako ne želimo, onda nikome ništa :-)). Ja ću biti u priličnim obavezama iduće tri–četiri sedmice (posao) i, nažalost, neću za to vrijeme moći mnogo pomoći mimo odgovora na eventualna pitanja i onih najsitnijih, brzinskih stvari. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 20:31, 29 decembar 2017 (CET) :: {{Spomeni|AnToni}}, {{Spomeni|KWiki}}. Evo vako. Ako vas dvojica meni napravite plan sa spiskom promjena koje se trebaju izvršiti (tipa: (1) Kategorije preimenovati "1924. osnivanja‎" -> "Osnivanja‎ 1924.", (2) Stare kategorije obrisati, itd.), onda cu ja uzeti vremena i botom ovo odraditi sve. Imamo li deal? ;) -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 12:45, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) ::: ''Zdil''. :-) Samo, postepeno, naravno; ima toga. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:47, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) == Genetika == Da li bi neko mogao botom ili AWB-om malo raščistiti ove kategorije: * Kategorija:Genetika čovjeka * Kategorija:Geni * Kategorija:Proteini Radi se o člancima koji pripadaju u ''Kategorija:Geni na hromosomu X'', a kategorisani su i u ove više kategorije, koje već ''Kategoriju:Geni na hromosomu X'' imaju kao potkategoriju.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 12:08, 4 april 2021 (CEST) :{{Urađeno}} --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 13:06, 4 april 2021 (CEST) [[User:Sadko|Sadko]] dobijanjem birokratskih prava postaješ najveći pušač kurčeva. — [[Korisnik:СТАЉИНИСТА|СТАЉИНИСТА]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:СТАЉИНИСТА|razgovor]]) 23:13, 18 juli 2022 (CEST) 4q1vb5xtlll0873ontye3k3fn7giu86 3427026 3426934 2022-08-02T10:35:48Z 95.40.240.166 Poništi izmjenu 3426934 od skrivenog korisnika [[w:en:WP:LTA/GRP]] wikitext text/x-wiki {{Čaršija|1= Ovdje ste na odjeljku Čaršije za botove. Možete postaviti sve zahtjeve vezano za poslove koje zahtjevaju masovne izmjene. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> </div> }} == Format datuma == :''pitanje je bilo postavljeno na mojoj stranici za razgovor''--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 08:50, 18 januar 2016 (CET) Znaš li ima li puno članaka koji koriste format datuma D.M.GGGG (bez razmaka)? – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 17:37, 17 januar 2016 (CET) ::::Nema, više ima YYYY-MM-DD i engl.varijanti. Bez razmaka sam ja koristio ranije (možda 50tak članaka maksimalno 100)--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 17:43, 17 januar 2016 (CET) Da dodam da postoji kategorija koja hvata greške u datumima, pa možete tamo pogledati. Ovo se za veći dio najbrže može podesiti botom, ali prije svega je ja mislim bitnije da se odluči koje varijante datuma podržavati. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<font style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></font>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<font color="green"><b>r</b></font>]])} 21:18, 17 januar 2016 (CET) :Ma ne brini, ide to nama polahko. Samo što sam se "naljutio" na Srdjana što u toj kategoriji ima samo ''moji'' članci (koje sam uglavnom pisao), ali to nema veze s tim, imat ćeš posla kad dođeš oko toga, ne žuri, stići ćeš.--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 21:21, 17 januar 2016 (CET) :Slažem se s Edinom. Trebali bismo se dogovoriti koje ćemo podržavati (osim naravno ISO-a koji mora biti jedan od njih) da možemo (kažem "mi", a realno mislim na kolegu s en.wikija) novu verziju koja je trenutno na/u igralištu namjestiti na odgovarajuće formate. —[[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 23:56, 17 januar 2016 (CET) :Jedine 2 varijante koje mi padaju na pamet su: D-M-YYYY i D-MMMM-YYYY (gdje je MMMM tekstualni naziv mjeseca, a D datum bez vodeće nule dakle ne 02. već 2.). Osim ako ne misliš na pravilne tačke onda bi bilo D. M. YYYY. odnosno D. MMMM YYYY. Sve ostalo bilo bi ''engleziranje'' datuma (fazoni YYYY-MM-DD i slično)--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 09:59, 18 januar 2016 (CET) ::Može li neko razjasniti dolje koji su od ovih formata za raspon datuma dopušteni? Imajte na umu da na kraju ne ide tačka jer šablon automatski stavlja tačku na kraju. Za format datuma sam poprilično siguran da sam oporavio šta je dozvoljeno, a šta nije. '''Addendum''': šta kad je u rasponu crtica (hypen-minus) umjesto crte (en-dash), odnosno '''-''' umjesto '''–''' ? '''Addendum 2''': Ako je u rasponu skraćen mjesec i mjesec koji nema skraćenu varijantu, odnosno "maj", može li se miješati s kratkim datumom? Tj. je li u redu "17. jan. 2016 – 5. maj 2016" ili mora biti "17. januar 2016 – 5. maj 2016" (ostali kratki datumi bi trebali biti dozvoljeni tipa "17. jan. 2016 – 22. feb. 2016"). – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 20:56, 19 januar 2016 (CET) ::Ne vidim razlog zašto varijanta 17. jan. 2016 - 5. maj ne bi bila dopuštena. Maj ionako nije skraćeni naziv, januar jeste. Jedino ne bi bile tačke ako bi bila varijanta 17. jan - 5. maj--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 21:06, 19 januar 2016 (CET) ::{| class="wikitable" style="float:left;" !Format datuma !Status |- |4. 7. 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4.7.2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |04. 07. 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |04.07.2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |04. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |2016-07-04 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |2016-7-4 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |} {| class="wikitable" !Raspon datuma !Status |- |4. – 16. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4.–16. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4 – 16. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4–16. juli 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4./5. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4/5. juli 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli – 11. august 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli 2016. – 11. august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli 2016 – 11. august 2017 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015–2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015 – 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015.–2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015. – 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto – zima 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015/16 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015./16 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015/2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015./2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli–august 2015 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli – august 2015 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016.–august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016. – august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016–august 2017 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016 – august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli/august 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906–1944 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906 – 1944 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906. – 1944 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906.–1944 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906 – 44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906–44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906.–44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906. – 44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |} {{Spomeni|KWiki}} Vrijedi li ovo što si označio kad se koristi crtica, tj. spojnica (-)? – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 21:53, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :: Što nisam označio ne ide u razmatranje i obrnuto. :-) S tim da ću nekad još provjeriti za 1 ili 2 od ovih odobrenih oblika. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 22:35, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :::{{Spomeni|KWiki}} – Možeš li razjasniti ovo: ako je u rasponu "maj", može li se miješati s kratkim datumom ili mora biti dugi? Tj. je li u redu "17. jan. 2016 – 5. maj 2016" ili mora biti "17. januar 2016 – 5. maj 2016"? Za ostale datume znam da se ne trebaju miješati. –[[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 12:48, 20 januar 2016 (CET) :::: Ja bih se tu vodio veličinom tabele, tj. širinom kolona, tj. praktičnošću. Ako je tabela veća i ima više kolona, pa trebaju uže, onda bih tu koristio "jan.", a u protivnom dajem prednost punom obliku (za ovaj konkretni format). -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 14:51, 20 januar 2016 (CET) Moj glas ide za format '''D-MMMM-YYYY''', dakle:<br> 19. januar 2016(.) --[[Korisnik:Golden Bosnian Lily|<b><span style="color:gold;">Golden</span> <span style="color:green;">Bosnian</span> <span style="color:blue;">Lily</span></b>]] <small>([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Golden Bosnian Lily|r]])</small> 21:46, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :Samo da kažem da ovo zapravo nije glasanje o tome koji ćemo format ''isključivo'' koristiti, već samo koji će biti dozvoljeni da se unesu u šablone za referenciranje, a taj koji si naveo jeste jedan od njih. Korisnici mogu koristiti koji god hoće od navedenih uz uslov da je format jednobrazan u cijelom članku :) – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 21:53, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :::KWiki, molit ću lijepo, šta je to loše u 3. varijanti? Ispravna je iz tehničko-gramatičkog-semantičko-fonološkog aspekta. (da ne kažem hemijskog :P) --سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 22:30, 19 januar 2016 (CET) ::::Pretpostavljam {{FlowMention|Srdjan_m}} da su svugdje u rasponu navedene obične crtice (minus) umjesto one dugačke? --سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 12:58, 20 januar 2016 (CET) :::::Zbog praktičnosti svakako bi trebala biti u modulu. (neće ovo biti gotovo baš uskoro, možda tek za jedno sedmicu ili dvije tako da imamo vremena da skontamo kako gdje šta ide, ali svakako treba omogućiti unošenje normalne crtice zbog praktičnosti, samo trebam znati razlikuju li se pravila za tačke kad se ona koristi; ako se razlikuju, da napravim još jednu tabelu kao ovu gore pa da KWiki označi koja su pravila za običnu, pa da proslijedim tehničaru). –[[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 13:12, 20 januar 2016 (CET) {{izvuci|::::::}} Kod ''unosa'' je što se mene tiče najvažnija praktičnost i konzistentnost. ''Prikaz'' je sasvim nešto drugo i tu je najbolje da KWiki odredi šta je korektno. Bilo bi u svakom slučaju dobro podržati nekoliko mogućnosti za unos pa da korisnici sami odrede šta koristiti. Postoji samo problem da se vrijednosti kopiraju, i kopirali su se u prošlosti, s en.wikija. Ovo se može botom ispraviti (u slučajevima gdje je potrebno), ali bi najbolje bilo ovo razlikovati sa bs/en varijantima šablona, što bi bilo konzistentno sa parametrima i vrijednostima što se navode. Primjer: <code><nowiki>{{cite web|date=1 january 2016}}</nowiki></code> i nešto kao <code><nowiki>{{citiraj stranicu|datum=1 januar 2016}}</nowiki></code>. Ovo dozvoljava lokalnu varijantu, a i prenošenje s en.wikija, gdje je jedno i drugo jasno razdvojeno. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<font style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></font>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<font color="green"><b>r</b></font>]])} 21:54, 20 januar 2016 (CET) == Posao za bota == Šablone suverenih država (NE teritorija) bi trebalo zamijeniti botom pošto se radi o velikom broju izmjena a mislim da nema smisla da takvi šabloni i dalje postoje. Primjer: * Šablon '''<code><nowiki>{{Indija}}</nowiki></code>''' treba zamijeniti sa '''<code><nowiki>{{ZID|Indija}}</nowiki></code>''' te nakon zamjene šablon '''<code><nowiki>{{Indija}}</nowiki></code>''' obrisati. * Svi šabloni se nalaze u kategoriji '''[[:Kategorija:Šabloni ikona zastave|Šabloni ikona zastave]]'''. --[[Korisnik:Golden Bosnian Lily|<b><span style="color:black;">Golden</span> <span style="color:green;">Bosnian</span> <span style="color:blue;">Lily</span></b>]] <small>([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Golden Bosnian Lily|r]])</small> 09:10, 18 novembar 2017 (CET) : Šta mislite da preimenujemo također {{tl|ZID}} u {{tl|Zastava}}, što je po en.wiki primjeru? -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 12:49, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) : Imamo ZD - zastava države (samo zastava bez naziva države) kao i ZID - zastava sa državom. Zastava bi sama bila zbunjujuća. --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 13:07, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) Zamijenio sam skoro sve. Međutim ima još dosta stvari što nisu ok: * Neki u sebi imaju direktan link prema datoteci. {{ok}} * Neki koriste {{tl|flagcountry}}. {{ok}} * Našao sam isto da se koriste alternativni šabloni kao {{tl|ZD-A}}. Ovo ću obrisati sve i zamijeniti sa {{tl|ZID}} jer je trenutno podivljalo sa svim ovim različitim šablonima. * [[:Kategorija:Šabloni ikona zastave/praćenje]] * Ima 5k+ zastava na en.wikiju, a mi samo imamo 308. Sve što fali treba prebaciti. Ovdje bi trebao jedino još prijevod, pa ko hoće da pomogne neka se javi. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 23:19, 26 oktobar 2019 (CEST) : Prijevod čega? Koliko? – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:42, 26 oktobar 2019 (CEST) :: [[:en:Category:All country data templates]]. Ali mislim da se može djelimično automatizirati. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 23:48, 26 oktobar 2019 (CEST) == Promjena imena kategorije == Kako se u kategoriji [[:Kategorija:Osnivanja po godinama]], nalaze kategorije po formuli ''yyyy. osnivanja'', a kao što je [[User:KWiki|KWiki]] [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:1994._osnivanja&action=history ovdje predložio] da ih promjenimo u '''Osnivanja u yyyy.''' Kako sam ja dodavao tačke i pravio druge manje promjene i preusmjeravanja sa [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]], bilo bi dobro osmisliti kako to uraditi! Moralo bi se sa varijablom YYYY i petljom koja mjenja godine i postavlja isti tekst, te automatski preusmjerava staru kategoriju na novu. U člancima se može ta nova kategorija ubaciti šablonima, a tu su i međulinkovi sa drugim projektima. Ukratko: da bi ja to napravio, moram se malo pozabaviti AWB-om, a ako neko ima neki plan - nek javi!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 18:37, 29 decembar 2017 (CET) : Dakle, te prve "wikigeneracije" baš nisu vodile računa o našem jeziku kad su se pravile kategorije (ne mislim na neke sitnije propuste preko kojih se može preći – tu ima stvari koje su baš van strukture našeg jezika /samo kopirani nazivi s EN wiki, bez ikakvog prilagođavanja/) i, evo, to se dovuklo do nas danas. Znam da je ogroman i botovski posao ispraviti sve to i izvinjavam se što sam "natjerao" da se to pokrene s mrtve tačke, ali nekad neko nešto mora početi raditi ako želimo da bude kako treba (ako ne želimo, onda nikome ništa :-)). Ja ću biti u priličnim obavezama iduće tri–četiri sedmice (posao) i, nažalost, neću za to vrijeme moći mnogo pomoći mimo odgovora na eventualna pitanja i onih najsitnijih, brzinskih stvari. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 20:31, 29 decembar 2017 (CET) :: {{Spomeni|AnToni}}, {{Spomeni|KWiki}}. Evo vako. Ako vas dvojica meni napravite plan sa spiskom promjena koje se trebaju izvršiti (tipa: (1) Kategorije preimenovati "1924. osnivanja‎" -> "Osnivanja‎ 1924.", (2) Stare kategorije obrisati, itd.), onda cu ja uzeti vremena i botom ovo odraditi sve. Imamo li deal? ;) -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 12:45, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) ::: ''Zdil''. :-) Samo, postepeno, naravno; ima toga. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:47, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) == Genetika == Da li bi neko mogao botom ili AWB-om malo raščistiti ove kategorije: * Kategorija:Genetika čovjeka * Kategorija:Geni * Kategorija:Proteini Radi se o člancima koji pripadaju u ''Kategorija:Geni na hromosomu X'', a kategorisani su i u ove više kategorije, koje već ''Kategoriju:Geni na hromosomu X'' imaju kao potkategoriju.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 12:08, 4 april 2021 (CEST) :{{Urađeno}} --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 13:06, 4 april 2021 (CEST) n1y73g33k4a2mzq4ho9esw7p1tf0tn9 3427029 3427026 2022-08-02T10:37:26Z ClearDoer 144752 wikitext text/x-wiki 3427039 3427029 2022-08-02T10:40:21Z Base 49245 Vraćene izmjene korisnika [[Special:Contributions/ClearDoer|ClearDoer]] ([[User talk:ClearDoer|razgovor]]) na posljednju izmjenu korisnika [[User:95.40.240.166|95.40.240.166]] wikitext text/x-wiki {{Čaršija|1= Ovdje ste na odjeljku Čaršije za botove. Možete postaviti sve zahtjeve vezano za poslove koje zahtjevaju masovne izmjene. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> </div> }} == Format datuma == :''pitanje je bilo postavljeno na mojoj stranici za razgovor''--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 08:50, 18 januar 2016 (CET) Znaš li ima li puno članaka koji koriste format datuma D.M.GGGG (bez razmaka)? – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 17:37, 17 januar 2016 (CET) ::::Nema, više ima YYYY-MM-DD i engl.varijanti. Bez razmaka sam ja koristio ranije (možda 50tak članaka maksimalno 100)--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 17:43, 17 januar 2016 (CET) Da dodam da postoji kategorija koja hvata greške u datumima, pa možete tamo pogledati. Ovo se za veći dio najbrže može podesiti botom, ali prije svega je ja mislim bitnije da se odluči koje varijante datuma podržavati. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<font style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></font>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<font color="green"><b>r</b></font>]])} 21:18, 17 januar 2016 (CET) :Ma ne brini, ide to nama polahko. Samo što sam se "naljutio" na Srdjana što u toj kategoriji ima samo ''moji'' članci (koje sam uglavnom pisao), ali to nema veze s tim, imat ćeš posla kad dođeš oko toga, ne žuri, stići ćeš.--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 21:21, 17 januar 2016 (CET) :Slažem se s Edinom. Trebali bismo se dogovoriti koje ćemo podržavati (osim naravno ISO-a koji mora biti jedan od njih) da možemo (kažem "mi", a realno mislim na kolegu s en.wikija) novu verziju koja je trenutno na/u igralištu namjestiti na odgovarajuće formate. —[[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 23:56, 17 januar 2016 (CET) :Jedine 2 varijante koje mi padaju na pamet su: D-M-YYYY i D-MMMM-YYYY (gdje je MMMM tekstualni naziv mjeseca, a D datum bez vodeće nule dakle ne 02. već 2.). Osim ako ne misliš na pravilne tačke onda bi bilo D. M. YYYY. odnosno D. MMMM YYYY. Sve ostalo bilo bi ''engleziranje'' datuma (fazoni YYYY-MM-DD i slično)--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 09:59, 18 januar 2016 (CET) ::Može li neko razjasniti dolje koji su od ovih formata za raspon datuma dopušteni? Imajte na umu da na kraju ne ide tačka jer šablon automatski stavlja tačku na kraju. Za format datuma sam poprilično siguran da sam oporavio šta je dozvoljeno, a šta nije. '''Addendum''': šta kad je u rasponu crtica (hypen-minus) umjesto crte (en-dash), odnosno '''-''' umjesto '''–''' ? '''Addendum 2''': Ako je u rasponu skraćen mjesec i mjesec koji nema skraćenu varijantu, odnosno "maj", može li se miješati s kratkim datumom? Tj. je li u redu "17. jan. 2016 – 5. maj 2016" ili mora biti "17. januar 2016 – 5. maj 2016" (ostali kratki datumi bi trebali biti dozvoljeni tipa "17. jan. 2016 – 22. feb. 2016"). – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 20:56, 19 januar 2016 (CET) ::Ne vidim razlog zašto varijanta 17. jan. 2016 - 5. maj ne bi bila dopuštena. Maj ionako nije skraćeni naziv, januar jeste. Jedino ne bi bile tačke ako bi bila varijanta 17. jan - 5. maj--سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 21:06, 19 januar 2016 (CET) ::{| class="wikitable" style="float:left;" !Format datuma !Status |- |4. 7. 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4.7.2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |04. 07. 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |04.07.2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |04. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |2016-07-04 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |2016-7-4 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |} {| class="wikitable" !Raspon datuma !Status |- |4. – 16. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4.–16. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4 – 16. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4–16. juli 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4./5. juli 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4/5. juli 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli – 11. august 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli 2016. – 11. august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |4. juli 2016 – 11. august 2017 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015–2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015 – 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015.–2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015. – 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto – zima 2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015/16 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015./16 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015/2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |ljeto 2015./2016 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli–august 2015 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli – august 2015 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016.–august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016. – august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016–august 2017 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli 2016 – august 2017 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |juli/august 2016 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906–1944 |style="background:#90ff90; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes" | [[Datoteka:Green check.svg|13px|alt=Dozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906 – 1944 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906. – 1944 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906.–1944 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906 – 44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906–44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906.–44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |- |1906. – 44 |style="background:#FFD2D2; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-no" | [[Datoteka:Dark Red x.svg|13px|alt=Nedozvoljeno|link=]] |} {{Spomeni|KWiki}} Vrijedi li ovo što si označio kad se koristi crtica, tj. spojnica (-)? – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 21:53, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :: Što nisam označio ne ide u razmatranje i obrnuto. :-) S tim da ću nekad još provjeriti za 1 ili 2 od ovih odobrenih oblika. -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 22:35, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :::{{Spomeni|KWiki}} – Možeš li razjasniti ovo: ako je u rasponu "maj", može li se miješati s kratkim datumom ili mora biti dugi? Tj. je li u redu "17. jan. 2016 – 5. maj 2016" ili mora biti "17. januar 2016 – 5. maj 2016"? Za ostale datume znam da se ne trebaju miješati. –[[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 12:48, 20 januar 2016 (CET) :::: Ja bih se tu vodio veličinom tabele, tj. širinom kolona, tj. praktičnošću. Ako je tabela veća i ima više kolona, pa trebaju uže, onda bih tu koristio "jan.", a u protivnom dajem prednost punom obliku (za ovaj konkretni format). -- [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 14:51, 20 januar 2016 (CET) Moj glas ide za format '''D-MMMM-YYYY''', dakle:<br> 19. januar 2016(.) --[[Korisnik:Golden Bosnian Lily|<b><span style="color:gold;">Golden</span> <span style="color:green;">Bosnian</span> <span style="color:blue;">Lily</span></b>]] <small>([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Golden Bosnian Lily|r]])</small> 21:46, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :Samo da kažem da ovo zapravo nije glasanje o tome koji ćemo format ''isključivo'' koristiti, već samo koji će biti dozvoljeni da se unesu u šablone za referenciranje, a taj koji si naveo jeste jedan od njih. Korisnici mogu koristiti koji god hoće od navedenih uz uslov da je format jednobrazan u cijelom članku :) – [[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 21:53, 19 januar 2016 (CET) :::KWiki, molit ću lijepo, šta je to loše u 3. varijanti? Ispravna je iz tehničko-gramatičkog-semantičko-fonološkog aspekta. (da ne kažem hemijskog :P) --سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 22:30, 19 januar 2016 (CET) ::::Pretpostavljam {{FlowMention|Srdjan_m}} da su svugdje u rasponu navedene obične crtice (minus) umjesto one dugačke? --سلام - <span style="white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#05df78 0.1em 0.1em 1.0em,#01796F -0.1em -0.1em 1.5em;">[[Korisnik:C3r4|C3r4]][[Razgovor sa korisnikom:C3r4|^r2d2]]</span> 12:58, 20 januar 2016 (CET) :::::Zbog praktičnosti svakako bi trebala biti u modulu. (neće ovo biti gotovo baš uskoro, možda tek za jedno sedmicu ili dvije tako da imamo vremena da skontamo kako gdje šta ide, ali svakako treba omogućiti unošenje normalne crtice zbog praktičnosti, samo trebam znati razlikuju li se pravila za tačke kad se ona koristi; ako se razlikuju, da napravim još jednu tabelu kao ovu gore pa da KWiki označi koja su pravila za običnu, pa da proslijedim tehničaru). –[[User:Srdjan m|'''<font style="color:#0E4376">Srđan M.</font>''']] [[User talk:Srdjan m|'''<span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps; color:#096F46">❲razgovor❳</span>''']] 13:12, 20 januar 2016 (CET) {{izvuci|::::::}} Kod ''unosa'' je što se mene tiče najvažnija praktičnost i konzistentnost. ''Prikaz'' je sasvim nešto drugo i tu je najbolje da KWiki odredi šta je korektno. Bilo bi u svakom slučaju dobro podržati nekoliko mogućnosti za unos pa da korisnici sami odrede šta koristiti. Postoji samo problem da se vrijednosti kopiraju, i kopirali su se u prošlosti, s en.wikija. Ovo se može botom ispraviti (u slučajevima gdje je potrebno), ali bi najbolje bilo ovo razlikovati sa bs/en varijantima šablona, što bi bilo konzistentno sa parametrima i vrijednostima što se navode. Primjer: <code><nowiki>{{cite web|date=1 january 2016}}</nowiki></code> i nešto kao <code><nowiki>{{citiraj stranicu|datum=1 januar 2016}}</nowiki></code>. Ovo dozvoljava lokalnu varijantu, a i prenošenje s en.wikija, gdje je jedno i drugo jasno razdvojeno. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<font style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></font>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<font color="green"><b>r</b></font>]])} 21:54, 20 januar 2016 (CET) == Posao za bota == Šablone suverenih država (NE teritorija) bi trebalo zamijeniti botom pošto se radi o velikom broju izmjena a mislim da nema smisla da takvi šabloni i dalje postoje. Primjer: * Šablon '''<code><nowiki>{{Indija}}</nowiki></code>''' treba zamijeniti sa '''<code><nowiki>{{ZID|Indija}}</nowiki></code>''' te nakon zamjene šablon '''<code><nowiki>{{Indija}}</nowiki></code>''' obrisati. * Svi šabloni se nalaze u kategoriji '''[[:Kategorija:Šabloni ikona zastave|Šabloni ikona zastave]]'''. --[[Korisnik:Golden Bosnian Lily|<b><span style="color:black;">Golden</span> <span style="color:green;">Bosnian</span> <span style="color:blue;">Lily</span></b>]] <small>([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Golden Bosnian Lily|r]])</small> 09:10, 18 novembar 2017 (CET) : Šta mislite da preimenujemo također {{tl|ZID}} u {{tl|Zastava}}, što je po en.wiki primjeru? -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 12:49, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) : Imamo ZD - zastava države (samo zastava bez naziva države) kao i ZID - zastava sa državom. Zastava bi sama bila zbunjujuća. --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 13:07, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) Zamijenio sam skoro sve. Međutim ima još dosta stvari što nisu ok: * Neki u sebi imaju direktan link prema datoteci. {{ok}} * Neki koriste {{tl|flagcountry}}. {{ok}} * Našao sam isto da se koriste alternativni šabloni kao {{tl|ZD-A}}. Ovo ću obrisati sve i zamijeniti sa {{tl|ZID}} jer je trenutno podivljalo sa svim ovim različitim šablonima. * [[:Kategorija:Šabloni ikona zastave/praćenje]] * Ima 5k+ zastava na en.wikiju, a mi samo imamo 308. Sve što fali treba prebaciti. Ovdje bi trebao jedino još prijevod, pa ko hoće da pomogne neka se javi. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 23:19, 26 oktobar 2019 (CEST) : Prijevod čega? Koliko? – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 23:42, 26 oktobar 2019 (CEST) :: [[:en:Category:All country data templates]]. Ali mislim da se može djelimično automatizirati. -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 23:48, 26 oktobar 2019 (CEST) == Promjena imena kategorije == Kako se u kategoriji [[:Kategorija:Osnivanja po godinama]], nalaze kategorije po formuli ''yyyy. osnivanja'', a kao što je [[User:KWiki|KWiki]] [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:1994._osnivanja&action=history ovdje predložio] da ih promjenimo u '''Osnivanja u yyyy.''' Kako sam ja dodavao tačke i pravio druge manje promjene i preusmjeravanja sa [[Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]], bilo bi dobro osmisliti kako to uraditi! Moralo bi se sa varijablom YYYY i petljom koja mjenja godine i postavlja isti tekst, te automatski preusmjerava staru kategoriju na novu. U člancima se može ta nova kategorija ubaciti šablonima, a tu su i međulinkovi sa drugim projektima. Ukratko: da bi ja to napravio, moram se malo pozabaviti AWB-om, a ako neko ima neki plan - nek javi!--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 18:37, 29 decembar 2017 (CET) : Dakle, te prve "wikigeneracije" baš nisu vodile računa o našem jeziku kad su se pravile kategorije (ne mislim na neke sitnije propuste preko kojih se može preći – tu ima stvari koje su baš van strukture našeg jezika /samo kopirani nazivi s EN wiki, bez ikakvog prilagođavanja/) i, evo, to se dovuklo do nas danas. Znam da je ogroman i botovski posao ispraviti sve to i izvinjavam se što sam "natjerao" da se to pokrene s mrtve tačke, ali nekad neko nešto mora početi raditi ako želimo da bude kako treba (ako ne želimo, onda nikome ništa :-)). Ja ću biti u priličnim obavezama iduće tri–četiri sedmice (posao) i, nažalost, neću za to vrijeme moći mnogo pomoći mimo odgovora na eventualna pitanja i onih najsitnijih, brzinskih stvari. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 20:31, 29 decembar 2017 (CET) :: {{Spomeni|AnToni}}, {{Spomeni|KWiki}}. Evo vako. Ako vas dvojica meni napravite plan sa spiskom promjena koje se trebaju izvršiti (tipa: (1) Kategorije preimenovati "1924. osnivanja‎" -> "Osnivanja‎ 1924.", (2) Stare kategorije obrisati, itd.), onda cu ja uzeti vremena i botom ovo odraditi sve. Imamo li deal? ;) -- [[Korisnik:Edinwiki|<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><b>Edin</b></span>]]^{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:Edinwiki|<span style="color:green"><b>r</b></span>]])} 12:45, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) ::: ''Zdil''. :-) Samo, postepeno, naravno; ima toga. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 12:47, 20 oktobar 2019 (CEST) == Genetika == Da li bi neko mogao botom ili AWB-om malo raščistiti ove kategorije: * Kategorija:Genetika čovjeka * Kategorija:Geni * Kategorija:Proteini Radi se o člancima koji pripadaju u ''Kategorija:Geni na hromosomu X'', a kategorisani su i u ove više kategorije, koje već ''Kategoriju:Geni na hromosomu X'' imaju kao potkategoriju.--[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 12:08, 4 april 2021 (CEST) :{{Urađeno}} --[[Korisnik:Munja|Munja]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Munja|razgovor]]) 13:06, 4 april 2021 (CEST) n1y73g33k4a2mzq4ho9esw7p1tf0tn9 0 420656 3426884 3342610 2022-08-01T11:59:11Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 2 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija politički vođa |ime = Phil Scott |slika = Phil Scott.jpg |redoslijed = 82. guverner [[Vermont]]a |vrijeme_na_vlasti = 5. januar 2017 - |prethodnik = [[Peter Shumlin]] |nasljednik = |redoslijed2 = 80. zamjenik guvernera [[Vermont]]a |vrijeme_na_vlasti2 = 6. januar 2011 - 5. januar 2017. |prethodnik2 = [[Brian Dubie]] |nasljednik2 = [[David Zuckerman (političar)|David Zuckerman]] |datum_rođenja = {{datum rođenja i godine|1958|8|4}} |mjesto_rođenja = [[Barre (Vermont)]], {{ZID|Sjedinjene Američke Države}} |datum_smrti = |puno_ime = Philip Brian Scott |nacionalnost = Amerikanac |politička_stranka = [[Republikanska stranka (SAD)|Republikanska stranka]] |supruga = Diana McTeague Scott |djeca = |obrazovanje = Univerzitet Vermonta |vjera = |potpis = |web_stranica = }} '''Phillip "Phil" Scott''' (rođen 4. augusta 1958, Barre, [[Vermont]], SAD) jeste američki političar i trenutni, 82. po redu [[guverner]] [[Savezne države Sjedinjenih Američkih Država|savezne države]] [[Vermont]]. Scott je član [[Republikanska stranka (SAD)|Republikanske stranke]]. Na izborima za guvernera Vermonta održanim 8. novembra 2016. pobijedio je s osvojenih 52,05% glasova.<ref name="vtelectionresults"/> Trenutno je (stanje: novembar 2016.) na mjestu zamjenika guvernera Vermonta, gdje se nalazi od 2011. Prije toga, bio je i senator u [[Senat]]u države Vermont, kao predstavnik senatskog distrikta okruga Washington od 2001. do 2011. godine. Također je i suvlasnik ''DuBois Contruction'', male građevinske firme sa sjedištem u gradu [[Middlesex (Vermont)|Middlesex]].<ref name="early"/> ==Biografija== Scott je rođen u gradu [[Barre (Vermont)|Barre]], 4. augusta 1958. godine. Maturirao je u školi Spaulding u rodnom gradu 1976. a četiri godine kasnije diplomirao na Univerzitetu Vermonta gdje je studirao industrijsko obrazovanje. ===Poslovna karijera=== Scott je počeo raditi kao sezonski građevinski radi u firmi ''DuBois Construction'' u gradu [[Middlesex (Vermont)|Middlesex]] nakon što je maturirao u srednjoj školi. Postao je suvlasnik ove firme 1986. On je također i bivši predsjednik Udruženja građevinskih izvođača radova u Vermontu.<ref name="agcvt"/> ===Politika=== Kao Republikanac, Scott je izabran u Senat države Vermont 2000. godine, predstavljajući senatski distrikt okruga [[Okrug Washington (Vermont)|Washington]]. Na tu poziciju biran je četiri puta te je služio mandat od 2001. do 2011. godine. Tokom senatorske karijere, bio je potpredsjednik senatorske komisije za saobraćaj i predsjednik senatorske komisije za institucije. Ranije je bio i član senatorske komisije za prirodne resurse i energiju.<ref name="sj010105"/> Kao predsjednik senatorske komisije za institucije, Scott je izmijenio raniju praksu o vođenju državnog [[budžet]]a za kapitalne konstrukcije tako što je postavio realnu granicu za troškove, čime je osigurao da su troškovi alocirani na dugoročne investicije u infrastrukturu, kreirajući time pošten proces za distribuciju budžetskih sredstava.<ref name="budget2"/> Tokom svog rada u Senatu Vermonta, Scott je bio član i nekoliko posebnih komisija, uključujući Vijeće za nominiranje sudija, zakonodavnu savjetodavnu komisiju za Predstavnički dom Vermonta, zajedničku komisiju za nadzor nad krivično osuđenim osobama, komisiju zakonodavnog vijeća i drugih.<ref name="single2010217"/> Dana 2. novembra 2010. Scott je izabran na mjesto 79. po redu zamjenika guvernera Vermonta, a zakletu je položio 6. januara 2011. godine. Ponovno je izabran na istu poziciju i 2012. godine, kada je pobijedio Cassandru Gekas, a treći mandat je osvojio 2014. kada je pobijedio Deana Correna. Kao zamjenik guvernera, Scott je bio predsjedavajući Senata države Vermont kada je senat zasijedao. Osim toga, slučio je i kao član komisije komisija, tročlanog radnog tijela koje određuje i postavlja članove, predsjednike i potpredsjednike senatskih komisija. U slučaju neodlučenog glasanja u Senatu Vermonta, Scott je imao ovlaštenje dati odlučujući glas. Osim toga, po ustavu Vermonta, kao zamjenik guvernera vršio je guvernerske funkcije kada je guverner izvan savezne države.<ref name="about2"/> Njegova kancelarija se drži politike "otvorenih vrata", pa čak i doslovno.<ref name="leader2"/> == Reference == {{refspisak|2|refs= <ref name="vtelectionresults">{{Cite web|url=https://vtelectionresults.sec.state.vt.us/Index.html#/state|title=Vermont Election Results|access-date=14. 11. 2016|archive-date=11. 8. 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811143454/https://vtelectionresults.sec.state.vt.us/Index.html#/state|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="early">{{Cite web|url=http://www.philscott.org/meet-phil/|title=About Phil Scott – Early Years, Personal History & More|website=Phil Scott For Governor|language=en-US|access-date=14. 11. 2016}}</ref> <ref name="agcvt">[http://www.agcvt.org/page/8/ Associated General Contractors of Vermont] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119093949/http://www.agcvt.org/page/8/ |date=19. 11. 2015 }}, pristupljeno 14. 11. 2016.</ref> <ref name="sj010105">{{Cite web|url=http://www.leg.state.vt.us/DOCS/2002/JOURNAL/SJ010105.HTM|title=JOURNAL OF THE VERMONT SENATE|website=www.leg.state.vt.us|access-date=14. 11. 2016}}</ref> <ref name="budget2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.philscott.org/leadership-that-works/responsible-budgeting/|title=Responsible Budgeting – Phil Scott For Governor|website=Phil Scott For Governor|language=en|access-date=14. 11. 2016}}</ref> <ref name="single2010217">{{Cite web|url=http://legislature.vermont.gov/people/single/2010/217|title=Senator Phil Scott|website=legislature.vermont.gov|access-date=14. 11. 2016}}</ref> <ref name="about2">{{Cite web|url=http://ltgov.vermont.gov/about|title=About Vermont Lieutenant Governor Phil Scott {{!}} Lieutenant Governor|website=ltgov.vermont.gov|access-date=14. 11. 2016|archive-date=24. 10. 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024160238/http://ltgov.vermont.gov/about|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> <ref name="leader2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.philscott.org/leadership-that-works/open-door-policy/|title=Open Door Policy – Phil Scott For Governor|website=Phil Scott For Governor|language=en|access-date=14. 11. 2016|archive-date=10. 6. 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610225352/http://www.philscott.org/leadership-that-works/open-door-policy/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> }} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat}} *[http://philscott.org/ Web-sajt izborne kampanje] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090530043035/http://vermont-elections.org/2009-2010BioBook/s-wash.htm Profil] na vermont-elections.org {{Savezni guverneri u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Scott, Phil}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1958.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Barre (Vermont)]] [[Kategorija:Savezni guverneri u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama]] 43xwl8fx0r9l9tmtsp0jv72g55le5hx 0 423838 3426987 3424582 2022-08-01T23:35:32Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Esteban Ocon | slika = Esteban Ocon 2017 Malaysia 1.jpg | opis_slike = Esteban Ocon u 2017. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1996|09|17}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Évreux]], [[Francuska]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|FRA}} [[Francuzi|Francuz]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = <!--| timovi = [[Manor Motorsport|Manor]], [[Force India]], [[Racing Point]]--> | tim_2022 = [[Alpine F1|Alpine]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]] | broj_bolida = 31 | trke = 102 (102 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = 1 | podiji = 2 | bodovi = 330 | prve_startne_pozicije = | najbrži_krug = | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|VN Belgije 2016.]] | prva_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2021.|VN Mađarske 2021.]] | posljednja_pobjeda = VN Mađarske 2021. | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 11. (74 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Esteban Ocon''' ([[Évreux]], 17. septembar 1996) [[Francuska|francuski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Alpine F1|Alpine]]-[[Renault F1|Renault]]. U sezoni 2015. takmičio se u GP3 Seriji i osvojio naslov. Debitirao je u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] na [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|Velikoj nagradi Belgije 2016.]] u timu [[Manor Motorsport|Manor Racing]], zamijenivši [[Rio Haryanto|Rio Haryantoa]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !rowspan=2| 2012. |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 |rowspan=2 align=left| Koiranen Motorsport | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 31 ! 14. |- |align=left| Alpe Formula Renault 2.0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 69 ! 7. |- !rowspan=3| 2013. |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 |rowspan=2 align=left| ART Junior Team | 14 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 159 |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| NEC Formula Renault 2.0 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 122 ! 12. |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa |align=left| Prema Powerteam | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - ! 10. |- !rowspan=3| 2014. |align=left| FIA Evropski Formula 3 |align=left| Prema Powerteam | 33 | 9 | 15 | 7 | 21 | 478 |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| Comtec Racing | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ! 23. |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Lotus F1 Team]] |colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- !rowspan=2| 2015. |align=left| GP3 Serija |align=left| ART Grand Prix | 18 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 14 | 253 |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] |colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- !rowspan="4" | 2016. |rowspan=3 align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team]] |colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- |align=left| [[Renault F1|Renault Sport Formula One Team]] |colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- |align=left| [[Manor Motorsport|Manor Racing MRT]] | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! 23. |- |align=left| Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters |align=left| Mercedes-Benz DTM Team ART | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 ! 26. |- ! 2017. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 87 ! 8. |- !rowspan="2" | 2018. |rowspan=2 align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |rowspan=2 | 49 !rowspan=2 | 12. |- |align=left| [[Racing Point|Racing Point Force India F1 Team]] | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2014. || [[Lotus F1 Team|Lotus]] |- | rowspan=2 | 2016. || [[Renault F1|Renault]] |- | [[Manor Motorsport|Manor]] |- | 2017–2018. || [[Force India]] |- | 2018. || [[Racing Point]] |- | 2020. || [[Renault F1|Renault]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2014.|2014.]] ! [[Lotus F1 Team]] ! [[Lotus E22]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport]] Energy F1-2014 1.6 V6 t | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2014.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2014.|MAL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2014.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2014.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2014.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2014.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2014.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2014.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2014.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2014.|NJE]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2014.|MAĐ]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2014.|BEL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Italije 2014.|ITA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2014.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Japana 2014.|JAP]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2014.|RUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2014.|SAD]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2014.|BRA]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2014.|ABU]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | | ! – ! – |- bgcolor=white | colspan="27" | |- |- | rowspan=2 | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport Formula One Team]] ! [[Renault R.S.16]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport]] R.E.16 1.6 V6 t | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | | | | | | | | | ! rowspan=2 | 0 ! rowspan=2 | 23. |- ! [[Manor Motorsport|Manor Racing MRT]] ! [[Manor MRT05]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-Benz]] PU106C Hybrid 1.6 V6 t | | | | | | | | | | | | |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small>21.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]<br /><small>21.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]<br /><small>13.</small> |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! [[Force India VJM10]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M08 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>8.</small> | ! 87 ! 8. |- | rowspan=2 | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! rowspan=2 | [[Force India VJM11]] ! rowspan=2 | [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M09 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>13.</small> | | | | | | | | | ! rowspan=2 | 49 ! rowspan=2 | 12. |- ! [[Racing Point|Racing Point Force India F1 Team]] | | | | | | | | | | | | |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#000000" style="color: #FFFFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|<span style="color:white;">SAD</span>]]<br /><small>DSK</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |- | colspan="27" | |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault DP World F1 Team]] ! [[Renault R.S.20]] ! Renault E-Tech 20 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | | | ! 40* ! 12.* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku == Vanjski linkovi == *{{Commonscat-inline}} *[http://www.statsf1.com/en/esteban-ocon.aspx Esteban Ocon – statistika] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ocon, Esteban}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1996.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Évreux]] [[Kategorija:Francuski vozači Formule 1]] joehbehjnbvw7nle2mljwnj4r4ogp4r 0 423859 3426997 3424583 2022-08-02T00:12:36Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Lance Stroll | slika = Lance Stroll 2017 Malaysia 2.jpg | opis_slike = Lance Stroll u 2017. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1998|10|29}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Montréal]], [[Kanada]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|KAN}} [[Kanada|Kanađanin]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Aston Martin F1|Aston Martin]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]] | broj_bolida = 18 | trke = 114 (113 početak) | prvenstva = 0 | pobjede = 0 | podiji = 3 | bodovi = 180 | prve_startne_pozicije = 1 | najbrži_krug = 0 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|VN Australije 2017.]] | prva_pobjeda = | posljednja_pobjeda = | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 13. (34 bod) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Lance Stroll''' ([[Montréal]], [[29. oktobar]] [[1998]]) [[Kanada|kanadski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Aston Martin F1|Aston Martin]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]]. Natjecao se na Evropskom prvenstvu Formula 3 2015. i 2016. godine, osvojivši naslov u sezoni 2016. U [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017. sezoni]] je debitirao u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] s [[Williams F1|Williamsom]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !rowspan=2| 2014. |align=left| Florida Zima Serija |align=left| – | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 !colspan=2 | – |- |align=left| Italijanski F4 Prvenstvo |align=left| Prema Powerteam | 18 | 7 | 5 | 11 | 13 | 331 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! rowspan=4| 2015. |align=left| FIA Formula 3 Evropsko Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=2| Prema Powerteam | 32 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 231 ! 5. |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 8. |- |align=left| Toyota Racing Serija |align=left| M2 Competition | 16 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 906 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Ferrari]] |colspan=7| Razvojem vozač |- !rowspan=3| 2016. |align=left| FIA Formula 3 Evropsko Prvenstvo |align=left| Prema Powerteam | 30 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 20 | 507 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| WeatherTech SportsCar Prvenstvo |align=left| Ford Chip Ganassi Racing | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27 ! 27. |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Williams F1|Williams Martini Racing]] |colspan=7| Razvojem vozač |- ! 2017. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Williams F1|Williams Martini Racing]] | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 40 ! 12. |- !rowspan=2| 2018. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Williams F1|Williams Martini Racing]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 ! 18. |- |align=left| WeatherTech SportsCar Prvenstvo |align=left| Jackie Chan DCR JOTA | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 ! 55. |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Racing Point|SportPesa Racing Point F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 ! 15. |} {{-}} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2017–2018. || [[Williams F1|Williams]] |- | 2019–2020. || [[Racing Point]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Williams F1|Williams Martini Racing]] ! [[Williams FW40]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M08 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>18.</small> | ! 40 ! 12. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Williams F1|Williams Martini Racing]] ! [[Williams FW41]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M09 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>13.</small> ! 6 ! 18. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Racing Point|SportPesa Racing Point F1 Team]] ! [[Racing Point RP19]] ! [[BWT AG|BWT]] [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] F1 M10 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> ! 21 ! 15. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Racing Point|BWT Racing Point F1 Team]] ! [[Racing Point RP20]] ! [[BWT AG|BWT]] [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] F1 M11 EQ Performance 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]'''<br /><small>9.</small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | | | ! 59* ! 11.* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku == Vanjski linkovi == *{{Commonscat-inline}} *[http://www.statsf1.com/en/lance-stroll.aspx Lance Stroll – statistika] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stroll, Lance}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1998.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Montréal]] [[Kategorija:Kanadski vozači Formule 1]] cyrbo3aeac7b40f6ko7k0mub2imi4x9 0 430345 3426909 3346437 2022-08-01T13:23:11Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 3 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija sezona nogometne lige | takmičenje = [[Premijer liga Engleske|Premijer liga]] | sezona = 2017/18. | slika = | pobjednici = [[Manchester City FC|Manchester City]] | ispao = [[Swansea City AFC|Swansea City]]<br/>[[Stoke City FC|Stoke City]]<br/>[[West Bromwich Albion FC|West Bromwich]] | kontinentalni_kup1 = | kontinentalni_kup1 kvalifikovani = | kontinentalni_kup2 = | kontinentalni_kup2 kvalifikovani = | najbolji_strijelac = [[Mohamed Salah]] (32) | najveća_domaća_pobjeda = | najveća_gostujuća_pobjeda = | najviše_golova = | utakmice = 380 | ukupno_golova = 1018 | najduže_pobjede = | najduže_porazi = | najduže_neporažen = | prethodna_sezona = [[Premier League 2016/2017.|2016/17]] | sljedeća_sezona = [[Premier League 2018/2019.|2018/19]] }} '''Premijer liga Engleske 2017/2018.''' je bila 26. sezona [[Premijer liga Engleske|Premijer lige]]. Sezona je počela 12. augusta 2017. godine, a trajala je do 13. maja 2018. godine. Titulu prvaka je branio [[Chelsea FC|Chelsea]]. [[Manchester City FC|Manchester City]] je osvojio svoju treću titulu [[Premijer liga Engleske|Premijer lige Engleske]], a petu titulu Engleske. [[Swansea City AFC|Swansea City]], [[Stoke City FC|Stoke City]] i [[West Bromwich Albion FC|West Bromwich Albion]] su ispali u [[Football League Championship|Championship]]. == Klubovi == Ukupno 20 ekipa učestvuje u Premier ligi Engleske 2017/18, uključujući 17 ekipa iz prethodne sezone [[Premier League 2016/2017.|2016/17]], te tri ekipe iz [[Football League Championship 2016/2017.|Championshipa]]. {| | {| class="wikitable" border="1" width="100%" ! align="center" |Poz. ! width="260" |'''[[Premier League 2016/2017.]]''' |- style="background: #FF8888;" |<center>'''18.''' </center> |'''[[Hull City AFC|Hull City]]''' |- style="background: #FF8888;" |<center>'''19.''' </center> |'''[[Middlesbrough FC|Middlesbrough]]''' |- style="background: #FF8888;" |<center>'''20.''' </center> |'''[[Sunderland AFC|Sunderland]]''' |} {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" width="100%" | width="20px" bgcolor="FF8888" | |<small>Ispali iz [[Premier League 2016/2017.|Premijer lige]]</small> |} | valign="top" | {| class="wikitable" border="1" width="100%" ! align="center" |Poz. ! width="260" |'''[[Football League Championship 2016/2017.|Championship 2016/17]]''' |- style="background: #00FF7F;" |<center>'''1.''' </center> |'''[[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]]''' |- style="background: #00FF7F;" |<center>'''2.''' </center> |'''[[Brighton & Hove Albion FC|Brighton & Hove Albion]]''' |- style="background: #00FFAA;" |<center>'''3.'''</center> |'''[[Reading FC|Reading]]''' |- style="background: #00FFAA;" |<center>'''4.'''</center> |'''[[Sheffield Wednesday FC|Sheffield Wednesday]]''' |- style="background: #00FFAA;" |<center>'''5.'''</center> |'''[[Huddersfield Town FC|Huddersfield Town]]''' |- style="background: #00FFAA;" |<center>'''6¸.'''</center> |'''[[Fulham FC|Fulham]]''' |} {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" width="100%" | width="20px" bgcolor="00FF7F" | |<small>Plasirali se u ''Premijer ligu''</small> |- | width="20px" bgcolor="00FFAA" | |<small>Igrali baraž za ulazak u ''Premijer ligu''</small> |} |} === Baraž za ulazak u Premijer ligu 2017/18. === {{4TeamBracket-FL|RD1=Polufinale|RD2=Finale|RD1-seed1=3.|RD1-team1='''[[Reading FC|Reading]]'''|RD1-score1-1=1|RD1-score1-2=1|RD1-score1-A='''2'''|RD1-seed2=6.|RD1-team2=[[Fulham FC|Fulham]]|RD1-score2-1=1|RD1-score2-2=0|RD1-score2-A=1|RD1-seed3=4.|RD1-team3=[[Sheffield Wednesday FC|Sheffield Wednesday]]|RD1-score3-1=0|RD1-score3-2=1|RD1-score3-A=1 (3)|RD1-seed4=5.|RD1-team4='''[[Huddersfield Town FC|Huddersfield Town]]'''|RD1-score4-1=0|RD1-score4-2=1|RD1-score4-A='''1 (4)'''|RD2-seed1=3.|RD2-team1=[[Reading FC|Reading]]|RD2-score1=0 (3)|RD2-seed2=5.|RD2-team2='''[[Huddersfield Town FC|Huddersfield Town]]'''|RD2-score2='''0 (4)'''}} == Ekipe i njihove lokacije == === Stadioni i njihovi kapaciteti === {| class="wikitable" !Klub !Lokacija !Stadion !Kapacitet |- |[[AFC Bournemouth]] |[[Bournemouth]] |[[Dean Court]] |11,464 |- |[[Arsenal FC|Arsenal]] |[[London]] <small>([[Holloway (London)|Holloway]])</small> |[[Stadion Emirates|Emirates]] |60,432 |- |[[Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.|Brighton & Hove Albion]] |[[Brighton]] |[[Stadion Falmer|Falmer]] |30,750 |- |[[Burnley FC|Burnley]] |[[Burnley]] |[[Turf Moor]] |22,546 |- |[[Chelsea FC|Chelsea]] |London <small>([[Fulham]])</small> |[[Stamford Bridge (stadion)|Stamford Bridge]] |41,623 |- |[[Crystal Palace FC|Crystal Palace]] |London <small>([[South Norwood]])</small> |[[Selhurst Park]] |26,309 |- |[[Everton FC|Everton]] |[[Liverpool]] |[[Goodison Park]] |40,569 |- |[[Huddersfield Town FC|Huddersfield Town]] |[[Huddersfield]] |[[John Smith's (stadion)|John Smith's]] |24,500 |- |[[Leicester City FC|Leicester City]] |[[Leicester]] |[[Stadion King Power|King Power]] |32,500 |- |[[Liverpool FC|Liverpool]] |Liverpool |[[Anfield]] |54,074 |- |[[Manchester City FC|Manchester City]] |[[Manchester]] |[[Gradski stadion u Manchesteru|Etihad]] |55,097 |- |[[Manchester United FC|Manchester United]] |Manchester |[[Old Trafford]] |76,100 |- |[[Newcastle United FC|Newcastle United]] |[[Newcastle na Tyneu]] |[[St James' Park]] |52,354 |- |[[Southampton FC|Southampton]] |[[Southampton]] |[[Stadion St Mary's|St Mary's]] |32,689 |- |[[Stoke City FC|Stoke City]] |[[Stoke-on-Trent]] |[[Stadion bet365|Bet365]] |28,383 |- |[[Swansea City AFC|Swansea City]] |[[Swansea]] |[[Stadion Liberty|Liberty]] |20,972 |- |[[Tottenham Hotspur FC|Tottenham Hotspur]] |London <small>([[Tottenham]])</small> |[[Stadion Wembley|Wembley]] |90,000 |- |[[Watford FC|Watford]] |[[Watford]] |[[Vicarage Road]] |21,977 |- |[[West Bromwich Albion FC|West Bromwich Albion]] |[[West Bromwich]] |[[The Hawthorns]] |26,500 |- |[[West Ham United FC|West Ham United]] |London <small>([[Upton Park (London)|Upton Park]])</small> |[[Olimpijski stadion (London)|Olimpijski stadion]] |57,000 |} === Osoblje i dresovi === {| class="wikitable" !Ekipa !Menadžer !Kapiten !Proizvođač dresova !Sponzor na dresu |- |AFC Bournemouth |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Eddie Howe]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Simon Francis (nogometaš)|Simon Francis]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.afcb.co.uk/news/article/2016-17/simon-francis-named-as-afc-bournemouth-club-captain-for-201617-season.-3190098.aspx|title=Simon Francis named as AFC Bournemouth club captain for 2016/17 season.|last=afcb.co.uk|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Umbro]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.afcb.co.uk/news/article/2016-17/nextchapter-afc-bournemouth-and-umbro-3693790.aspx|title=#NextChapter: AFC Bournemouth and Umbro|last=afcb.co.uk|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21|archive-date=27. 8. 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827040354/https://www.afcb.co.uk/news/article/2016-17/nextchapter-afc-bournemouth-and-umbro-3693790.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> |[[Mansion.com|Mansion Group]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.afcb.co.uk/news/article/afc-bournemouth-unveil-mansion-group-as-premier-league-shirt-sponsor-2511504.aspx|title=AFC Bournemouth unveil Mansion Group as Premier League shirt sponsor|last=afcb.co.uk|website=www.afcb.co.uk|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817032324/http://www.afcb.co.uk//news/article/afc-bournemouth-unveil-mansion-group-as-premier-league-shirt-sponsor-2511504.aspx|archivedate=17. 8. 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Arsenal |{{ZD|FRA}} [[Arsène Wenger]] |{{ZD|NJE}} [[Per Mertesacker]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/20160811/-our-new-captain-was-the-natural-choice-|title=‘Our new captain was the natural choice’|last=Group|first=Arsenal Media|website=www.arsenal.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Puma AG|Puma]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arsenal.com/news/news-archive/puma-and-arsenal-announce-partnership|title=PUMA and Arsenal announce partnership|last=Group|first=Arsenal Media|website=www.arsenal.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Emirates (aviokompanija)|Emirates]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20464096|title=Arsenal football club in £150m Emirates deal|date=2012-11-23|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |- |Brighton & Hove Albion |{{ZD|IRS}} [[Chris Hughton]] |{{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Bruno (nogometaš)|Bruno]] |[[Nike, Inc.|Nike]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seagulls.co.uk/news/article/brighton-and-hove-albion-announce-new-kit-partnership-with-nike-1432659.aspx/|title=New Kit Partnership with Nike|website=www.seagulls.co.uk|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606234056/http://www.seagulls.co.uk/news/article/brighton-and-hove-albion-announce-new-kit-partnership-with-nike-1432659.aspx/|archivedate=6. 6. 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> |[[American Express]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seagulls.co.uk/news/article/brighton-and-hove-albion-announce-new-kit-partnership-with-nike-1432659.aspx/|title=New Kit Partnership with Nike|website=www.seagulls.co.uk|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606234056/http://www.seagulls.co.uk/news/article/brighton-and-hove-albion-announce-new-kit-partnership-with-nike-1432659.aspx/|archivedate=6. 6. 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Burnley |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Sean Dyche]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Tom Heaton]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/team/player-profile/?playerid=269125&tcmuri=891581|title=Burnley FC Player Profiles|last=Profiles|first=Player|website=www.burnleyfootballclub.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201143923/http://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/team/player-profile/?playerid=269125&tcmuri=891581|archivedate=1. 12. 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> |Puma<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/business/4864368.Burnley_sign_new_Puma_kit_deal/|title=Burnley sign new Puma kit deal|website=Lancashire Telegraph|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Dafabet]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/news/article/clarets-announce-dafabet-partnership-3143857.aspx|title=Clarets Announce Dafabet Partnership|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21|archive-date=14. 8. 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814182101/http://www.burnleyfootballclub.com/news/article/clarets-announce-dafabet-partnership-3143857.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Chelsea |{{ZD|ITA}} [[Antonio Conte]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Gary Cahill]] |Nike<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chelseafc.com/news/latest-news/2016/10/chelsea-and-nike-announce-long-term-partnership.html|title=Chelsea and Nike announce long-term partnership|website=www.chelseafc.com|language=en-gb|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Yokohama Rubber|Yokohama]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/feb/26/chelsea-shirt-deal-yokohama-rubber|title=Chelsea seal £200m shirt sponsorship deal with Yokohama Rubber|last=Gibson|first=Owen|date=2015-02-26|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |- |Crystal Palace |TBC |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Jason Puncheon]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.express.co.uk/sport/football/791689/Crystal-Palace-News-Sam-Allardyce-Jason-Puncheon-Wilfred-Zaha|title=Crystal Palace chief: Why Sam Allardyce made Jason Puncheon our captain|last=Banks|first=Tony|date=2017-04-14|newspaper=Express.co.uk|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Macron (sportska oprema)|Macron]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cpfc.co.uk/news/article/cpfc-and-macron-sign-new-kit-deal-1324598.aspx|title=CPFC And Macron Sign New Kit Deal|website=www.cpfc.co.uk|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21|archive-date=6. 6. 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606220310/http://www.cpfc.co.uk/news/article/cpfc-and-macron-sign-new-kit-deal-1324598.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> |TBC |- |Everton |{{ZD|HOL}} [[Ronald Koeman]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Phil Jagielka]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.evertonfc.com/players/p/pj/phil-jagielka|title=Phil Jagielka {{!}} Everton Football Club|website=www.evertonfc.com|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |Umbro<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-2551678/Everton-agree-five-year-deal-Umbro-supply-club-kits-start-season.html|title=Everton agree new deal with Umbro to supply kits from next season|newspaper=Mail Online|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[SportPesa]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/everton-confirm-sportpesa-new-shirt-13037774|title=Everton confirm SportPesa as new shirt sponsor|last=Kirkbride|first=Phil|date=2017-05-15|newspaper=liverpoolecho|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |- |Huddersfield Town |{{ZD|USA}} [[David Wagner (nogomet)|David Wagner]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Mark Hudson (nogometaš, rođen 1982)|Mark Hudson]] |Puma |PURE Legal (domaći)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.htafc.com/news/article/huddersfield-town-pure-legal-limited-sponsorship-home-shirt-2519176.aspx?|title=PURE Legal Limited announced as Huddersfield Town's new home shirt sponsor|last=Threlfall-Sykes|first=David|website=www.htafc.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-30}}</ref>, RadianB (gostujući), Cavonia (treći) |- |Leicester City |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Craig Shakespeare]] |{{ZD|JAM}} [[Wes Morgan]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.leicestermercury.co.uk/Leicester-City-captain-Wes-Morgan-fit-ready/story-27543927-detail/story.html|title=Leicester City captain Wes Morgan 'fit and ready' for Premier League season after hectic summer {{!}} Leicester Mercury|date=2015-08-10|accessdate=2017-05-21|archive-date=10. 8. 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150810011950/http://www.leicestermercury.co.uk/Leicester-City-captain-Wes-Morgan-fit-ready/story-27543927-detail/story.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> |Puma<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.footballshirtculture.com/Sponsorship/leicester-city-announce-puma-kit-deal.html|title=Leicester City announce Puma Kit Deal {{!}} Sponsorship {{!}} Football shirt blog|last=fsc|website=www.footballshirtculture.com|language=en-gb|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[King Power]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lcfc.com/news/article/180714-201415-puma-home-kit-on-sale-today-1768694.aspx|title=2014/15 PUMA Home Kit Now On Sale!|last=City|first=Leicester|website=www.lcfc.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |- |Liverpool |{{ZD|NJE}} [[Jürgen Klopp]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Jordan Henderson]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.liverpoolfc.com/news/first-team/188441-henderson-appointed-liverpool-captain|title=Henderson appointed Liverpool captain|newspaper=Liverpool FC|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[New Balance]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-2940817/Liverpool-set-financial-boost-announcing-New-Balance-kit-supplier-deal-worth-25million-year.html|title=Liverpool announce biggest kit supplier deal in the club's history|newspaper=Mail Online|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Standard Chartered]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-2370071/Liverpool-extend-sponsorship-Standard-Charter.html|title=Liverpool stick with shirt sponsor Standard Charter after penning two-year extension|newspaper=Mail Online|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |- |Manchester City |{{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pep Guardiola]] |{{ZD|BEL}} [[Vincent Kompany]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-3216017/Manchester-City-captain-Vincent-Kompany-finally-concedes-goal-taking-100-tricky-kids-BX-Brussels-event.html|title=Manchester City captain Vincent Kompany finally concedes a goal|newspaper=Mail Online|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |Nike<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-city/9247044/Manchester-Citys-six-year-kit-deal-with-Nike-could-earn-the-Premier-League-leaders-up-to-12million-a-year.html|title=Manchester City's six-year kit deal with Nike could earn the Premier League leaders up to £12million a year|newspaper=Telegraph.co.uk|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Etihad Airways]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/jul/08/manchester-city-deal-etihad-airways|title=Manchester City bank record £400m sponsorship deal with Etihad Airways|last=Taylor|first=Daniel|date=2011-07-08|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref>, [[Nexen Tire]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mancity.com/news/club-news/2017/03/17/manchester-city-and-nexen-tire-announce-first-premier-league-shirt-sleeve-partnership/1489758525960|title=Man City and Nexen Tire announce Premier League first partnership|website=MCFC|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170509110955/https://www.mancity.com/news/club-news/2017/03/17/manchester-city-and-nexen-tire-announce-first-premier-league-shirt-sleeve-partnership/1489758525960|archivedate=9. 5. 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Manchester United |{{ZD|POR}} [[José Mourinho]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Wayne Rooney]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manutd.com/en/Players-And-Staff/First-Team/Wayne-Rooney.aspx|title=Wayne Rooney - Official Manchester United Website|website=www.manutd.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Adidas]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/business-28282444|title=Manchester United and Adidas in £750m deal over 10 years|last=Wilson|first=Bill|date=2014-07-14|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Chevrolet]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/10637024/Manchester-Uniteds-53m-shirt-deal-with-Chevrolet-unaffected-despite-likely-absence-of-Champions-League.html|title=Manchester United's £53m shirt deal with Chevrolet unaffected despite likely absence of Champions League|newspaper=Telegraph.co.uk|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |- |Newcastle United |{{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Rafael Benítez]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Jamaal Lascelles]] |Puma |[[Fun88]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nufc.co.uk/news/latest-news/fun88-becomes-newcastle-united-shirt-sponsor|title=FUN88 becomes Newcastle United shirt sponsor|website=Newcastle United Football Club|language=EN|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |- |Southampton |TBA |{{ZD|Sjeverna Irska}} [[Steven Davis]] |[[Under Armour]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2016-04-14/saints-announce-multi-year-partnership-with-under-armour|title=Saints announce multi-year partnership with Under Armour|newspaper=Southampton FC|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Virgin Media]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://southamptonfc.com/news/2016-06-08/virgin-media-become-southamptons-main-club-sponsor|title=Virgin Media become Southampton's main club sponsor|newspaper=Southampton FC|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |- |Stoke City |{{ZD|WAL}} [[Mark Hughes]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Ryan Shawcross]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-3187070/Stoke-City-captain-Ryan-Shawcross-two-months-surgery-recurring-injury.html|title=Stoke captain Shawcross out for at least two months|newspaper=Mail Online|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |Macron<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.stokecityfc.com/news/article/potters-strike-macron-deal-3092569.aspx|title=Potters Strike Macron Deal|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[bet365]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/stoke-city-bet365-shirts-stoke-city/story-16022167-detail/story.html|title=Stoke City: bet365 put their shirts on Stoke City|date=2012-05-08|newspaper=Stoke Sentinel|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21|archive-date=14. 3. 2014|archive-url=https://archive.is/20140314194725/http://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/Stoke-City-bet365-shirts-Stoke-City/story-16022167-detail/story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>, [[Top Eleven Football Manager|Top Eleven]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.stokecityfc.com/news/article/2016-17/top-eleven-in-ground-breaking-deal-with-stoke-city-3716829.aspx|title=Top Eleven In Ground Breaking Deal With Stoke City|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522184513/http://www.stokecityfc.com/news/article/2016-17/top-eleven-in-ground-breaking-deal-with-stoke-city-3716829.aspx|archive-date=22. 5. 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Swansea City |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Paul Clement (nogometni trener)|Paul Clement]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Leon Britton]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/leon-britton-set-replace-ashley-11736398|title=Swansea City reveal their likely new captain|last=Wathan|first=Chris|date=2016-08-11|newspaper=walesonline|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Joma]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.swanseacity.net/news/article/swans-sign-joma-for-new-campaign-3092687.aspx|title=Swans sign Joma for new campaign|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505193617/http://www.swanseacity.net/news/article/swans-sign-joma-for-new-campaign-3092687.aspx|archive-date=5. 5. 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> |BetEast<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.swanseacity.net/news/article/swansea-city-new-sponsors-record-deal-beteast-3133591.aspx|title=Swans unveil new shirt sponsors BETEAST|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605182528/http://www.swanseacity.net/news/article/swansea-city-new-sponsors-record-deal-beteast-3133591.aspx|archive-date=5. 6. 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Tottenham Hotspur |{{ZD|ARG}} [[Mauricio Pochettino]] |{{ZD|FRA}} [[Hugo Lloris]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://metro.co.uk/2015/06/23/harry-kane-set-to-be-named-tottenham-vice-captain-5261452/|title=Tottenham 'set to name Kane as vice-captain'|last=Metro.co.uk|first=Tom Olver for|date=2015-06-23|website=Metro|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |Nike |[[AIA Group|AIA]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tottenhamhotspur.com/news/aia-to-become-tottenham-hotspurand39s-new-principal-partner-130214/|title=AIA to become Tottenham Hotspur's new principal partner 13 February 2014 - News - tottenhamhotspur.com|website=www.tottenhamhotspur.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |- |Watford |{{ZD|POR}} [[Marco Silva]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Troy Deeney]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2015/aug/06/premier-league-preview-watford|title=Premier League 2015-16 preview No18: Watford|last=Burnton|first=Simon|date=2015-08-06|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |[[Adidas]] |138.com<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.watfordfc.com/news/article/130607-138.com-press-release-857851.aspx|title=138.COM: Watfords New Principal Partner|date=2013-06-11|accessdate=2017-05-21|archive-date=11. 6. 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611010349/http://www.watfordfc.com/news/article/130607-138.com-press-release-857851.aspx|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> |- |West Bromwich Albion |{{ZD|WAL}} [[Tony Pulis]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Chris Brunt]] |Adidas |UK-K8.com<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/albion-announce-uk-k8.com-as-new-shirt-sponsor-3095675.aspx|title=Albion announce UK-K8.COM as new shirt sponsor|language=en|access-date=2017-05-21|archive-date=14. 8. 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814071036/http://www.wba.co.uk/news/article/albion-announce-uk-k8.com-as-new-shirt-sponsor-3095675.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |West Ham United |{{ZD|HRV}} [[Slaven Bilić]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Mark Noble]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/video/2015/aug/27/slaven-bilic-thanks-kevin-nolan-west-ham-captain-leaves-club-video|title=Slaven Bilic thanks Kevin Nolan as West Ham captain leaves club – video|last=Other|first=Source:|date=2015-08-27|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> |Umbro<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/April/30-April/West-Ham-re-united-with-Umbro|title=West Ham re-united with Umbro {{!}} West Ham United|date=2015-05-02|accessdate=2017-05-21|archive-date=2. 5. 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502171731/http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/April/30-April/West-Ham-re-united-with-Umbro|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> |[[Betway]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2015/february/06-february/hammers-announce-betway-sponsorship|title=Hammers announce Betway sponsorship {{!}} West Ham United|website=www.whufc.com|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-21}}</ref> |} === Smjene trenera === {| class="wikitable" !Ekipa !Odlazeći trener !Način !Datum odlaska !Pozicija na tabeli !Dolazeći trener !Datum dolaska |- |[[Crystal Palace FC|Crystal Palace]] |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Sam Allardyce]] |Penzionisanje |23. maj 2017<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/40021059|title=Sam Allardyce: Crystal Palace manager resigns after five months in charge|date=2017-05-23|newspaper=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-05-30}}</ref> | rowspan="3" |Predsezona | | |- |[[Watford FC|Watford]] |{{ZD|ITA}} [[Walter Mazzarri]] |Sporazumni raskid ugovora |21. maj 2017<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.watfordfc.com/club/statement-walter-mazzarri|title=Statement {{!}} Walter Mazzarri|website=WatfordFC|language=en|accessdate=2017-05-30}}</ref> |{{ZD|POR}} [[Marco Silva]] |27. maj 2017<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40066015|title=Marco Silva: Watford appoint former Hull boss as new head coach|date=2017-05-27|newspaper=BBC Sport|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-05-30}}</ref> |- |[[Southampton FC|Southampton]] |{{ZD|FRA}} [[Claude Puel]] |Otkaz |14. juni 2017<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jun/14/claude-puel-sacked-as-southampton-manager|title=Claude Puel sacked as Southampton manager after one season in charge|last=sport|first=Guardian|date=2017-06-14|last2=agencies|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2017-06-17}}</ref> | | |} == Tabela == {{Tabela Premier League 2017/2018.}} == Rezultati == {{Fb r header |nt=20 |Arsenal |Bournemouth |Brighton & Hove Albion |Burnley |Chelsea |Crystal Palace |Everton |Huddersfield Town |Leicester City |Liverpool |Manchester City |Manchester United |Newcastle United |Southampton |Stoke City |Swansea City |Tottenham Hotspur |Watford |West Bromwich Albion |West Ham United}} {{fb r team |t=Arsenal}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Bournemouth}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Brighton & Hove Albion}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Burnley}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Chelsea}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Crystal Palace}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Everton}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Huddersfield Town}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Leicester City}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Liverpool}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Manchester City}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Manchester United}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Newcastle United}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Southampton}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Stoke City}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Swansea City}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Tottenham Hotspur}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=Watford}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=West Bromwich Albion}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |r=null}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} {{fb r team |t=West Ham United}} <!-- Arsenal--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Bournemouth--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Brighton & Hove Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Burnley--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Chelsea--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Crystal Palace--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Everton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Huddersfield Town--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Leicester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Liverpool--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Manchester United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Newcastle United--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Southampton--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Stoke City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Swansea City--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Tottenham Hotspur--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- Watford--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Bromwich Albion--> {{fb r |gf=|ga=}} <!-- West Ham United--> {{fb r |r=null}} {{Fb r footer|s=[https://www.premierleague.com/results PremierLeague.com]}} ==Statistika== === Broj golova === {| Cellpadding="0" CellSpacing="1" style="font-size:100%; border:1px solid #a0a0a0; padding:1px; text-align:center;" |- valign="bottom" | {{Postignuti golovi|15.5|31|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|11.0|22|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|10.0|20|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|14.0|28|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|10.5|21|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|14.5|29|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|11.0|22|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|14.0|28|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|17.5|35|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|11.5|23|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|12.0|24|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|16.0|32|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|11.0|22|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|16.0|32|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|13.5|27|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|13.5|27|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|10.5|21|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|13.5|27|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|15.5|31|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|17.5|35|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|9.0|18|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|14.5|29|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|15.5|31|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|12.5|25|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|12.0|24|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|17.5|35|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|13.5|27|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|14.5|29|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|12.0|24|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|14.5|29|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|13.0|26|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|14.5|29|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|14.5|29|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|14.5|29|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|11.5|23|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|11.0|22|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|9.5|19|#00FF7F}} | {{Postignuti golovi|15.5|31|#00FF7F}} |- align=center style="font-size:80%;" |{{0}}1||{{0}}2||{{0}}3||{{0}}4||{{0}}5||{{0}}6||{{0}}7||{{0}}8||{{0}}9||10||11||12||13||14||15||16||17||18||19||20||21||22||23||24 ||25 ||26 ||27 ||28 ||29 ||30 ||31 ||32 ||33 ||34 ||35 ||36 ||37 ||38 |- | colspan="36" | {|align="center" |valign="top" | {| Cellpadding="0" CellSpacing="0" style="font-size:80%;border:1px solid #AAAAAA;text-align:center;" width="250" |-bgcolor="#00FF7F" | [[Premijer liga Engleske]] |} |} |} ===Najbolji strijelci=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- !# !Igrač !Klub !Golovi |- |1 |align="left"|{{flagicon|EGI}} [[Mohamed Salah]] |align="left"|Liverpool |32 |- |2 |align="left"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Harry Kane]] |align="left"|Tottenham Hotspur |30 |- |3 |align="left"|{{flagicon|ARG}} [[Sergio Agüero]] |align="left"|Manchester City |21 |- |4 |align="left"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Jamie Vardy]] |align="left"|Leicester City |20 |- |5 |align="left"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Raheem Sterling]] |align="left"|Manchester City |18 |- |6 |align="left"|{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Romelu Lukaku]] |align="left"|Manchester United |16 |- |7 |align="left"|{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Roberto Firmino]] |align="left"|Liverpool |15 |- |8 |align="left"|{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Alexandre Lacazette]] |align="left"|Arsenal |14 |- |9 |align="left"|{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Gabriel Jesus]] |align="left"|Manchester City |13 |- |rowspan="4"|10 |align="left"|{{flagicon|BEL}} [[Eden Hazard]] |align="left"|Chelsea |rowspan="4"|12 |- |align="left"|{{flagicon|ALŽ}} [[Riyad Mahrez]] |align="left"|Leicester City |- |align="left"|{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Glenn Murray]] |align="left"|Brighton & Hove Albion |- |align="left"|{{flagicon|KOR}} [[Son Heung-min]] |align="left"|Tottenham Hotspur |} ==Nagrade== {| class="wikitable" !Mjesec!!Menadžer!!Klub!!Igrač!!Klub |- |August |{{ZD|SAD}} [[David Wagner (nogometaš)|David Wagner]] |Huddersfield Town |{{ZD|SEN}} [[Sadio Mané]] |Liverpool |- |Septembar |{{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pep Guardiola]] |Manchester City |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Harry Kane]] |Tottenham |- |Oktobar |{{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pep Guardiola]] |Manchester City |{{ZD|NJE}} [[Leroy Sané]] |Manchester City |- |Novembar |{{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pep Guardiola]] |Manchester City |{{ZD|EGI}} [[Mohamed Salah]] |Liverpool |- |Decembar |{{ZD|ŠPA}} [[Pep Guardiola]] |Manchester City |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Harry Kane]] |Tottenham |- |Januar |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Eddie Howe]] |Bournemouth |{{ZD|ARG}} [[Sergio Agüero]] |Manchester City |- |Februar |{{ZD|IRS}} [[Chris Hughton]] |Brighton & Hove Albion |{{ZD|EGI}} [[Mohamed Salah]] |Liverpool |- |Mart |{{ZD|ENG}} [[Sean Dyche]] |Burnley |{{ZD|EGI}} [[Mohamed Salah]] |Liverpool |- |April |{{ZD|JAM}} [[Darren Moore]] |West Bromwich Albion |{{ZD|OBS}} [[Wilfried Zaha]] |Crystal Palace |} == Reference == {{refspisak|2}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [https://www.premierleague.com/ Zvanična stranica Premijer lige] {{Premijer liga Engleske}} {{Prve evropske nogometne lige 2017/18.}} [[Kategorija:2017. u nogometu]] [[Kategorija:2018. u nogometu]] [[Kategorija:Sezone Premijer lige Engleske|2017/18]] [[Kategorija:2017. u Engleskoj]] [[Kategorija:2018. u Engleskoj]] [[Kategorija:Nacionalna nogometna prvenstva 2017-18]] fh1wtib0u2aar8slbhnulhdin2u9bwh 0 435565 3426910 3408395 2022-08-01T13:28:43Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Preobraženja''''' je zbirka [[Antun Branko Šimić|Antuna Branka Šimića]] izdata 1920. godine u [[Zagreb]]u. Šimić je ''Preobraženja'' izdao kada mu je bilo 22 godine, a pjesme u njoj su predstavljali osvježenje u vrijeme kada je tek izašla. == Odlike zbirke == Jedna od glavnih odlika pjesama u Šimićevoj zbirci bila je pojava [[Slobodni stih|slobodnog stiha]], koji do tog trenutka nije bio prisutan u hrvatskom pjesništvu. ''Preobraženja'' također predstavlja odmak od tradicije. Kao i mnogi drugi ekspresionistički pjesnici, tako i Šimić slobodnom formom i okrenutosti prema unutrašnjem negira tradiciju. Izraz mu je opisan kao škrt i racionalan koji odbacuje deskripciju.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.simicevisusreti.info/a-b-simic/a-b-simic-preobrazenje.html|title=A.B.Šimić - preobraženje - Šimićevi susreti|last=User|first=Super|website=www.simicevisusreti.info|language=hr-hr|access-date=22. 10. 2017}}</ref> == Pjesme ''Preobraženja'' == * Pjesnici * Moja preobraženja * Mladić * Molitva na putu * Žene, mladići, ljeto * Zavodnik * Zavedena * Bolesnik * Mjesečar * Mučenik * Mati * Hercegovina * Samoća na vodi * Podne i bolesnik * Gorenje * Povratak * Povratak * Prenuće * Ljubomora * Prva noć samoće * Zima * Teški zrak * Zapuštena * Bog mučitelj * Jedanput * Izgubljene žene * Hercegovina * Pjesma iznad zemlje * April * Ljetna pjesma * Uzvišeno veče * Molitva za preobraženje * Pobjednici na livadi * Cvijet u kavani * Vampir * Sudbine u ponoć * Radosna noć u gradu * Rastanak sa sobom * Put * Otkupljenje * Opomena * Budući<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lektirabih.com.ba/108/803/803absp.htm|title=Sadržaj zbirke 'Preobraženja'|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=|archive-date=23. 8. 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823235254/http://www.lektirabih.com.ba/108/803/803absp.htm|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> == Izvori == [[Kategorija:Hrvatska književnost]] [[Kategorija:Knjige 1920.]] griletgifd26rl5kmews7dc2cbo0xsk 10 436297 3426911 3424810 2022-08-01T13:33:31Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navkutija | ime = WTA brojevi 1 - parovi | naslov = WTA brojevi 1 – parovi | osnovastil = background-color:#465945; color:white; | tijeloklasa = hlist | podaci1 = * {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Martina Navratilova]] {{small|(1984/1990 – 237 s)}} * {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Pam Shriver]] {{small|(1985/1986 – 48 s)}} * {{ZD|ČEŠ|veličina=18px}} [[Helena Suková]] {{small|(1990/1993 – 68 s)}} * {{ZD|ČEŠ|veličina=18px}} [[Jana Novotná]] {{small|(1990/1999 – 67 s)}} * {{ZD|PUE|veličina=18px}} [[Gigi Fernández]] {{small|(1991/1995 – 80 s)}} * {{ZD|BJE|1995|veličina=18px}} [[Nataša Zvereva]] {{small|(1991/1999 – 124 s)}} * {{ZD|LAT|veličina=18px}} [[Larisa Neiland]] {{small|(1992 – 4 s)}} * {{ZD|ŠPA|veličina=18px}} [[Arantxa Sánchez Vicario]] {{small|(1992/1997 – 111 s)}} * {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Lindsay Davenport]] {{small|(1997/2000 – 32 s)}} * {{ZD|ŠVI|veličina=18px}} [[Martina Hingis]] {{small|(1998/2018 – 90 s)}} * {{ZD|RUS|veličina=18px}} [[Ana Kurnjikova]] {{small|(1999/2000 – 10 s)}} * {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Corina Morariu]] {{small|(2000 – 7 s)}} * {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Lisa Raymond]] {{small|(2000/2012 – 137 s)}} * {{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[Rennae Stubbs]] {{small|(2000 – 3 s)}} * {{ZD|FRA|veličina=18px}} [[Julie Halard-Decugis]] {{small|(2000 – 14 s)}} * {{ZD|JAP|veličina=18px}} [[Ai Sugiyama]] {{small|(2000/2003 – 45 s)}} * {{ZD|ARG|veličina=18px}} [[Paola Suárez]] {{small|(2002/2004 – 87 s)}} * {{ZD|BEL|veličina=18px}} [[Kim Clijsters]] {{small|(2003 – 4 s)}} * {{ZD|ŠPA|veličina=18px}} [[Virginia Ruano Pascual]] {{small|(2003/2005 – 65 s)}} * {{ZD|ZIM|veličina=18px}} [[Cara Black]] {{small|(2005/2010 – 163 s)}} * {{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[Samantha Stosur]] {{small|(2006/2007 – 61 s)}} * {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Liezel Huber]] {{small|(2007/2012 – 199 s)}} * {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Serena Williams]] {{small|(2010 – 8 s)}} * {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Venus Williams]] {{small|(2010 – 8 s)}} * {{ZD|ARG|veličina=18px}} [[Gisela Dulko]] {{small|(2010/2011 – 24 s)}} * {{ZD|ITA|veličina=18px}} [[Flavia Pennetta]] {{small|(2011 – 18 s)}} * {{ZD|ČEŠ|veličina=18px}} [[Květa Peschke]] {{small|(2011 – 10 s)}} * {{ZD|SLO|veličina=18px}} [[Katarina Srebotnik]] {{small|(2011 – 10 s)}} * {{ZD|ITA|veličina=18px}} [[Sara Errani]] {{small|(2012/2015 – 87 s)}} * {{ZD|ITA|veličina=18px}} [[Roberta Vinci]] {{small|(2012/2015 – 110 s)}} * {{ZD|KIN|veličina=18px}} [[Peng Shuai]] {{small|(2014 – 20 s)}} * {{ZD|KI TAI|veličina=18px}} [[Hsieh Su-wei]] {{small|(2014/2021 – 47 s)}} * {{ZD|IND|veličina=18px}} [[Sania Mirza]] {{small|(2015/2017 – 91 s)}} * {{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] {{small|(2017 – 32 s)}} * {{ZD|ČEŠ|veličina=18px}} [[Lucie Šafářová]] {{small|(2017 – 6 s)}} * {{ZD|KI TAI|veličina=18px}} [[Latisha Chan]] {{small|(2017/2018 – 34 s)}} * {{ZD|RUS|veličina=18px}} [[Jekaterina Makarova]] {{small|(2018 – 5 s)}} * {{ZD|RUS|veličina=18px}} [[Jelena Vesnina]] {{small|(2018 – 5 s)}} * {{ZD|MAĐ|veličina=18px}} [[Tímea Babos]] {{small|(2018 – 13 s)}} * {{ZD|ČEŠ|veličina=18px}} [[Barbora Krejčíková]] {{small|(2018/2021 – 19 s)}} * {{ZD|ČEŠ|veličina=18px}} [[Kateřina Siniaková]] {{small|(2018/2022 – 62 s)}} * {{ZD|FRA|veličina=18px}} [[Kristina Mladenović]] {{small|(2019/2021 – 12 s)}} * {{ZD|ČEŠ|veličina=18px}} [[Barbora Strýcová]] {{small|(2019/2020 – 27 s)}} * {{ZD|BJE|veličina=18px}} [[Arina Sabaljenka]] {{small|(2021 – 6 s)}} * {{ZD|BEL|veličina=18px}} '''[[Elise Mertens]] {{small|(2021/2022 – 21 s)'''}} | ispod = * WTA-lista parova vodi se od 4. 9. 1984 * (Prvi put na br. 1/Posljednji put na br. 1 – broj sedmica na br. 1 /s/) * Trenutni br. 1 podebljan(i) (do 1. 8. 2022)<noinclude><ref>https://www.wtatennis.com/rankings/doubles</ref></noinclude> }}<noinclude> [[Kategorija:Teniski šabloni]] </noinclude> jhzknhj8eemk1fw5bt89athxqly4fwk 10 436321 3426913 3424809 2022-08-01T13:35:25Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Navkutija | ime = ATP brojevi 1 - parovi | naslov = ATP brojevi 1 – parovi | osnovastil = background-color:#465945; color:white; | tijeloklasa = hlist | podaci1 = * {{nowrap|{{ZD|JAR|1928|veličina=18px}} [[Bob Hewitt]] {{small|(1976 – 6 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|MEX|veličina=18px}} [[Raúl Ramírez]] {{small|(1976/1977 – 62 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|JAR|1928|veličina=18px}} [[Frew McMillan]] {{small|(1977/1979 – 85 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|HOL|veličina=18px}} [[Tom Okker]] {{small|(1979 – 11 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[John McEnroe]] {{small|(1979/1989 – 269 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Stan Smith]] {{small|(1981 – 8 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[Paul McNamee]] {{small|(1981 – 3 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Peter Fleming (teniser)|Peter Fleming]] {{small|(1982/1984 – 17 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|ČSSR|veličina=18px}} [[Tomáš Šmíd]] {{small|(1984/1985 – 34 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|ŠVE|veličina=18px}} [[Anders Järryd]] {{small|(1985/1992 – 107 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Robert Seguso]] {{small|(1985/1988 – 62 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Ken Flach]] {{small|(1985/1986 – 5 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|ŠVE|veličina=18px}} [[Stefan Edberg]] {{small|(1986/1987 – 15 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|FRA|veličina=18px}} [[Yannick Noah]] {{small|(1986/1987 – 19 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|JUG|veličina=18px}} [[Slobodan Živojinović]] {{small|(1986 – 7 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|EKV|veličina=18px}} [[Andrés Gómez]] {{small|(1986 – 13 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|ŠPA|veličina=18px}} [[Emilio Sánchez]] {{small|(1989 – 6 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Jim Grabb]] {{small|(1989/1993 – 13 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Jim Pugh]] {{small|(1989/1990 – 26 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|JAR|1928|veličina=18px}} [[Danie Visser]] {{small|(1990 – 27 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Rick Leach]] {{small|(1990 – 9 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|JAR|1928|veličina=18px}} [[Pieter Aldrich]] {{small|(1990 – 19 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[David Pate]] {{small|(1991 – 25 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[John Fitzgerald (teniser)|John Fitzgerald]] {{small|(1991/1992 – 40 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[Todd Woodbridge]] {{small|(1992/2001 – 204 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Kelly Jones (teniser)|Kelly Jones]] {{small|(1992 – 1 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|AUS|veličina=18px}} [[Mark Woodforde]] {{small|(1992/2000 – 83 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Richey Reneberg]] {{small|(1993 – 5 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Patrick Galbraith]] {{small|(1993/1994 – 4 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Jonathan Stark (teniser)|Jonathan Stark]] {{small|(1994 – 6 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|KAN|veličina=18px}} [[Grant Connell]] {{small|(1993/1994 – 17 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|HOL|veličina=18px}} [[Paul Haarhuis]] {{small|(1994/1999 – 71 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|ZIM|veličina=18px}} [[Byron Black]] {{small|(1994 – 8 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|HOL|veličina=18px}} [[Jacco Eltingh]] {{small|(1995/1998 – 63 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|IND|veličina=18px}} [[Mahesh Bhupathi]] {{small|(1999 – 4 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|IND|veličina=18px}} [[Leander Paes]] {{small|(1999/2000 – 39 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Jared Palmer]] {{small|(2000/2002 – 39 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Alex O'Brien]] {{small|(2000 – 5 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|ŠVE|veličina=18px}} [[Jonas Björkman]] {{small|(2000/2005 – 74 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Donald Johnson]] {{small|(2002 – 20 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|BAH|veličina=18px}} [[Mark Knowles]] {{small|(2002/2005 – 65 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|KAN|veličina=18px}} [[Daniel Nestor]] {{small|(2002/2012 – 108 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|BJE|veličina=18px}} [[Maks Mirni]] {{small|(2003/2012 – 57 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Bob Bryan]] {{small|(2003/2015 – 439 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SAD|veličina=18px}} [[Mike Bryan]] {{small|(2003/2019 – 506 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|SRB|veličina=18px}} [[Nenad Zimonjić]] {{small|(2008/2010 – 40 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|BRA|veličina=18px}} [[Marcelo Melo]] {{small|(2015/2018 – 56 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|VB|veličina=18px}} [[Jamie Murray]] {{small|(2016 – 9 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|FRA|veličina=18px}} [[Nicolas Mahut]] {{small|(2016/2017 – 39 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|FIN|veličina=18px}} [[Henri Kontinen]] {{small|(2017 – 26 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|POLJ|veličina=18px}} [[Łukasz Kubot]] {{small|(2018 – 19 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|HRV|veličina=18px}} [[Mate Pavić]] {{small|(2018/2022 – 56 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|KOL|veličina=18px}} [[Juan Sebastián Cabal]] {{small|(2019/2020 – 29 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|KOL|veličina=18px}} [[Robert Farah (teniser)|Robert Farah]] {{small|(2019/2021 – 68 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|HRV|veličina=18px}} [[Nikola Mektić]] {{small|(2021 – 3 s)}}}} * {{nowrap|{{ZD|VB|veličina=18px}} '''[[Joe Salisbury]] {{small|(2022 – 18 s)}}'''}} | ispod = * ATP-lista parova vodi se od 1. 3. 1976 * (Prvi put na br. 1/Posljednji put na br. 1 – broj sedmica na br. 1 /s/) * Trenutni br. 1 podebljan (do 1. 8. 2022)<noinclude><ref>https://www.atptour.com/en/rankings/doubles</ref></noinclude> }}<noinclude> [[Kategorija:Teniski šabloni|ATP brojevi 1 - parovi]] </noinclude> gk6vcw8qaz8uzmkqbp16tvc339dysjs 0 436827 3426988 3424584 2022-08-01T23:42:14Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Pierre Gasly | slika = Pierre Gasly 2017 Malaysia.jpg | opis_slike = Gasly 2017. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1996|02|07}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Rouen]], [[Francuska]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|FRA}} [[Francuzi|Francuz]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Scuderia AlphaTauri|AlphaTauri]]-[[Red Bull Powertrains|Red Bull]] | broj_bolida = 10 | trke = 99 (99 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = 1 | podiji = 3 | bodovi = 325 | prve_startne_pozicije = | najbrži_krug = 3 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|VN Malezije 2017.]] | prva_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|VN Italije 2020.]] | posljednja_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|VN Italije 2020.]] | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 9. (110 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Pierre Gasly''' ([[Rouen]], 7. juli 1996) [[Francuska|francuski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Scuderia AlphaTauri|AlphaTauri]]-[[Red Bull Powertrains|Red Bull]]. Takmičio se u GP2 seriji od 2014. godine, osvojivši naslov u sezoni 2016. U [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017. sezoni]] je debitirao u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] s [[Scuderia Toro Rosso|Scuderijom Toro Rosso]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- ! 2011. |align=left| Francuska Formula 4 |align=left| Autosport Academy | 14 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 104 |style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- !rowspan=2| 2012. |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 |rowspan=2 align=left| R-ace GP | 14 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 32 ! 10. |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 NEC | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 78 ! 23. |- !rowspan=3| 2013. |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 |rowspan=3 align=left| Tech 1 Racing | 14 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 195 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Alpe Formula Renault 2.0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 72 ! 6. |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 (Pau Trophy) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 7. |- !rowspan=2| 2014. |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| Arden Motorsport | 17 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 8 | 192 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| Caterham Racing | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! 29. |- !rowspan=2| 2015. |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| DAMS | 21 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 110 ! 8. |- |align="left"| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2015.|Formula 1]] |align="left"| [[Red Bull Racing|Infiniti Red Bull Racing]] |colspan="7"| Vozač za testiranje |- !rowspan=2| 2016. |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| Prema Racing | 22 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 219 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align="left"| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] |align="left"| [[Red Bull Racing]] |colspan="7"| Vozač za testiranje |- ! 2016–17. |align=left| Formula E |align=left| Renault e.dams | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 ! 16. |- |- !rowspan="3"| 2017. |rowspan="2" align="left"| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |align="left"| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! 21. |- |align="left"| [[Red Bull Racing]] |colspan="7"| Vozač za testiranje |- |align=left| Super Formula |align=left| Team Mugen | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 33 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- ! 2018. |align="left"| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align="left"| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso|Red Bull Toro Rosso Honda]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 ! 15. |- ! rowspan=2 | 2019. | align="left" rowspan=2 | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |align="left"| [[Red Bull Racing|Aston Martin Red Bull Racing]] | 12 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | rowspan=2 | 95 ! rowspan=2 | 7. |- |align="left"| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso|Red Bull Toro Rosso Honda]] | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2017–2019. || [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] |- | 2019. || [[Red Bull Racing]] |- | 2020. || [[Scuderia AlphaTauri|AlphaTauri]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR12]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport]] R.E.17 1.6 V6 t | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small>13.</small> | [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>16.</small> | ! 0 ! 21. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso|Red Bull Toro Rosso Honda]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR13]] ! [[Honda Racing F1|Honda]] RA618H 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> ! 29 ! 15. |- | rowspan=2 | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing|Aston Martin Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB15]] ! rowspan=2 | [[Honda Racing F1|Honda]] RA619H 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]''<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]''<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>6.</small> | | | | | | | | | ! rowspan=2 | 95 ! rowspan=2 | 7. |- ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso|Red Bull Toro Rosso Honda]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR14]] | | | | | | | | | | | | |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>18.</small> |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Scuderia AlphaTauri|Scuderia AlphaTauri Honda]] ! [[AlphaTauri AT01]] ! [[Honda Racing F1|Honda]] RA620H 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>Odu</small> | [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | | | ! 63* ! 10.* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku == Vanjski linkovi == *{{Commonscat-inline}} *[http://www.statsf1.com/en/pierre-gasly.aspx Pierre Gasly – statistika] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gasly, Pierre}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1996.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Rouen]] [[Kategorija:Francuski vozači Formule 1]] 50kowzsilz5zyot1lkjbw61rbix64g6 0 444918 3426962 3424585 2022-08-01T21:08:55Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Charles Leclerc | slika = Charles-Leclerc.jpg | opis_slike = Leclerc 2020. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1997|10|16}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Monte Carlo]], [[Monako]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|MNK}} [[Monako|Monegaški]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] | broj_bolida = 16 | trke = 94 (93 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = 5 | podiji = 18 | bodovi = 738 | prve_startne_pozicije = 16 | najbrži_krug = 7 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|VN Australije 2018.]] | prva_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|VN Belgije 2019.]] | posljednja_pobjeda = [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2022.|VN Austrije 2022.]] | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 7. (159 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Charles Leclerc''' ([[Monte Carlo]], [[Monako]], 16. oktobar 1997) je [[Monako|monegaški]] [[automobilizam|automobilistički vozač]], koji se trenutno natječe u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Scuderia Ferrari]] ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !rowspan=2| 2014. |align=left| Alpe Formula Renault 2.0 |align=left rowspan=2| Fortec Motorsports | 14 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 199 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | – |- !rowspan=2| 2015. |align=left| FIA Formula 3 Evropsko Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=2| Van Amersfoort Racing | 33 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 13 | 363,5 | 4. |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- !rowspan=3| 2016. |align=left rowspan=2| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Ferrari]] |rowspan=2 colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- |align=left| [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] |- |align=left| GP3 Serija |align=left| ART Grand Prix | 18 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 202 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- !rowspan=3| 2017. |rowspan=2 align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Ferrari]] |rowspan=2 colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- |align=left| [[Sauber|Sauber F1 Team]] |- |align=left| FIA Formula 2 Prvenstvo |align=left| Prema Racing | 22 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 10 | 282 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2018. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Sauber|Alfa Romeo Sauber F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 ! 13. |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |rowspan=3 align=left| [[Scuderia Ferrari]] | 21 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 10 | 264 ! 4. |- ! 2020. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|Formula 1]] | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 98 ! 8. |- ! 2021. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|Formula 1]] | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 40 ! 6.* |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2016. || [[Haas F1|Haas]] |- | 2017–2018. || [[Sauber]] |- | 2019–2020. || [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''boldu''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''italicu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2016.|2016.]] ! [[Haas F1|Haas F1 Team]] ! [[Haas VF-16]] ! Ferrari 059/5 1.6 V6 t | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2016.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2016.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2016.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2016.|RUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2016.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2016.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2016.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Evrope 2016.|EVR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2016.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2016.|VB]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2016.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2016.|NJE]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2016.|BEL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Italije 2016.|ITA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2016.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2016.|MAL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Japana 2016.|JAP]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2016.|SAD]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2016.|MEK]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2016.|BRA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2016.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> ! – ! – |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Sauber|Sauber F1 Team]] ! [[Sauber C36]] ! Ferrari 059/5 1.6 V6 t | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | ! – ! – |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Sauber|Alfa Romeo Sauber F1 Team]] ! [[Sauber C37]] ! Ferrari 062 EVO 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small>7.</small> ! 39 ! 13. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari|Scuderia Ferrari Mission Winnow]]<br/>[[Scuderia Ferrari]] ! [[Ferrari SF90]] ! Ferrari 064 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]'''''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]''<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#FFFFBF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]'''<br /><small>1.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''[[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]'''<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| '''[[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]'''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| '''''[[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]'''''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]''<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>3.</small> ! 264 ! 4. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Scuderia Ferrari]] ! [[Ferrari SF1000]] ! Ferrari 065 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>2.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small>13.</small> | | | | ! 98 ! 8. |} <!-- ''*'' Sezona u toku --> == Vanjski linkovi == {{Commonscat|Charles Leclerc (racing driver)}} * [http://www.statsf1.com/en/charles-leclerc.aspx statistika Charles Leclerc] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{Scuderia Ferrari}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Leclerc, Charles}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1997.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Monte Carlo]] [[Kategorija:Monegaški vozači Formule 1]] d9g550hvm5k2dv7bw6yccxcrd4gta91 0 451060 3427011 3273460 2022-08-02T07:14:05Z EmiliaITČA 139615 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija album | Ime = Mentalna higijena | Tip izdanja = Album | Artist = [[Atomsko sklonište]] | Cover = | Background = studio | Izdat = 1982. | Produciran = JAM studio, London | Žanr = [[Hard rock]] | Dužina = | Kuća = [[RTV Ljubljana]] | Producent(i) = John Etchells | Kritike = | Prošli album = [[Extrauterina (Atomsko sklonište)|Extrauterina]]<br />(1981) | Ovaj album = ''''Mentalna higijena''''<br />(1982) | Sljedeći album = [[Space Generation (Atomsko sklonisšte|Space Generation]]<br />(1983) }} '''Mentalna higijena''' je peti studijski album [[Pula|pulske]] [[hard rock]] grupe [[Atomsko sklonište]]. == O albumu == Album je snimljen u samo dva dana u vrhunskoj produkciji Johna Etchellsa u londonskom JAM studiju. Tekstove i muziku u cjelosti je napisao [[Bruno Langer]], a ploča će postati njihov najprodavaniji i najpopularniji album. Sa njim će osvojiti sam vrh jugoslavenske rock scene, osvojanjem naslova najbolje grupe godine. Mentalna higijena je istovremeno i komercijalna i kvalitetna. Izdala ju je diskografska kuća RTV Ljubljana 1982.godine. Vrhunska muzika i novi, svježi i primjetno drugačiji tekstovi doveli su ovu grupu na vrhunac popularnosti. Mentalna higijena (sa ilustracijama na omotu) donijeće im i najveću hit pjesmu za mnogobrojne top liste. "Treba imat dušu", je pjesma koja je puna tri mjeseca bila broj 1 na jugoslavenskim top listama. Pored nje, tu su još i: "Na palubi jada", "Johnny", "Žuti kišobran", "Kraljica cigana", "Rahela" i "Iza zida". Najbrža pjesma na albumu je "Pun mjesec". Album zatvara "Mutna rijeka", čiji je tekst nastao po istinitom događaju. U toj pjesmi, solo dionicu je odsvirao poznati saksofonista [[Mell Collins]] (jedno vrijeme zvanični član grupe [[King Crimson]]). Sve ove pjesme zajedno donijeće albumu veliki uspjeh, ogroman tiraž, (ploča se za manje od mjesec dana prodala u preko 150.000 primjeraka i na kraju dostigla platinasti tiraž) a grupi dobru podlogu za još jednu uspješnu turneju po čitavoj državi. Na turneji po [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosni i Hercegovini]], Atomsko sklonište je sviralo po dva koncerta za jedno veče. == Članovi grupe == * Sergio Blažić - pjevanje * Bruno Langer - bas, tekstovi i pjevanje * Dragan Gužvan - gitara * Zdravko Širola - bubnjevi, klavijature == Popis pjesama == # Treba imat' dušu # Na palubi jada # Rahela # Johnny # Žuti kišobran # Kraljica Cigana # Pun mjesec # Iza zida # Mutna rijeka == Literatura == * EX YU ROCK enciklopedija 1960-2006, Janjatović Petar; {{ISBN|978-86-905317-1-4}} {{Atomsko sklonište}} [[Kategorija:Albumi iz 1982.]] [[Kategorija:Albumi Atomskog skloništa]] gedpe28j3b91o09qezur4rpxsv2qbps 3427012 3427011 2022-08-02T07:14:49Z EmiliaITČA 139615 /* O albumu */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija album | Ime = Mentalna higijena | Tip izdanja = Album | Artist = [[Atomsko sklonište]] | Cover = | Background = studio | Izdat = 1982. | Produciran = JAM studio, London | Žanr = [[Hard rock]] | Dužina = | Kuća = [[RTV Ljubljana]] | Producent(i) = John Etchells | Kritike = | Prošli album = [[Extrauterina (Atomsko sklonište)|Extrauterina]]<br />(1981) | Ovaj album = ''''Mentalna higijena''''<br />(1982) | Sljedeći album = [[Space Generation (Atomsko sklonisšte|Space Generation]]<br />(1983) }} '''Mentalna higijena''' je peti studijski album [[Pula|pulske]] [[hard rock]] grupe [[Atomsko sklonište]]. == O albumu == Album je snimljen u samo dva dana u vrhunskoj produkciji Johna Etchellsa u [[London|londonskom]] JAM studiju. Tekstove i muziku u cjelosti je napisao [[Bruno Langer]], a ploča će postati njihov najprodavaniji i najpopularniji album. Sa njim će osvojiti sam vrh jugoslavenske rock scene, osvojanjem naslova najbolje grupe godine. Mentalna higijena je istovremeno i komercijalna i kvalitetna. Izdala ju je diskografska kuća RTV Ljubljana 1982. godine. Vrhunska muzika i novi, svježi i primjetno drugačiji tekstovi doveli su ovu grupu na vrhunac popularnosti. Mentalna higijena (sa ilustracijama na omotu) donijeće im i najveću hit pjesmu za mnogobrojne top liste. "Treba imat dušu", je pjesma koja je puna tri mjeseca bila broj 1 na jugoslavenskim top listama. Pored nje, tu su još i: "Na palubi jada", "Johnny", "Žuti kišobran", "Kraljica cigana", "Rahela" i "Iza zida". Najbrža pjesma na albumu je "Pun mjesec". Album zatvara "Mutna rijeka", čiji je tekst nastao po istinitom događaju. U toj pjesmi, solo dionicu je odsvirao poznati saksofonista [[Mell Collins]] (jedno vrijeme zvanični član grupe [[King Crimson]]). Sve ove pjesme zajedno donijeće albumu veliki uspjeh, ogroman tiraž, (ploča se za manje od mjesec dana prodala u preko 150.000 primjeraka i na kraju dostigla platinasti tiraž) a grupi dobru podlogu za još jednu uspješnu turneju po čitavoj državi. Na turneji po [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosni i Hercegovini]], Atomsko sklonište je sviralo po dva koncerta za jedno veče. == Članovi grupe == * Sergio Blažić - pjevanje * Bruno Langer - bas, tekstovi i pjevanje * Dragan Gužvan - gitara * Zdravko Širola - bubnjevi, klavijature == Popis pjesama == # Treba imat' dušu # Na palubi jada # Rahela # Johnny # Žuti kišobran # Kraljica Cigana # Pun mjesec # Iza zida # Mutna rijeka == Literatura == * EX YU ROCK enciklopedija 1960-2006, Janjatović Petar; {{ISBN|978-86-905317-1-4}} {{Atomsko sklonište}} [[Kategorija:Albumi iz 1982.]] [[Kategorija:Albumi Atomskog skloništa]] q2vhszguf58i1fat1unex58r2qmmthn 0 451236 3426956 3408403 2022-08-01T20:52:58Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:CroppedStalin1943.jpg|mini|desno|250px|[[Josif Staljin]], [[Sovjetski Savez|sovjetski]] vođa koji je naredio deportacije od 1930-ih do 1952. ]] [[Datoteka:Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina 07.jpg|mini|desno|250px|[[Rumuni|Rumunske]] izbjeglice nakon [[Sovjetska aneksija Besarabije i Sjeverne Bukovine|sovjetske okupacije Besarabije i sjeverne Bukovine 1940]].]] '''Prisilno raseljavanje u Sovjetskom Savezu''', poznato jednostavno i kao '''Sovjetske deportacije''' odnosi se na razdoblje tokom vladavine [[Josif Staljin|Josifa Staljina]], od 1930-ih do 1952, kada je [[SSSR]] vršio praksu prisilnog raseljavanja i razmjene stanovništva koji se mogu razvrstati u sljedeće kategorije: [[deportacija|deportacije]] "anti-sovjetskih" grupa, "neprijatelja radnika"; [[Etničko čišćenje|etničko čišćenje cijelih naroda i narodnosti]], kako ne bi činili homogenu cjelinu u svojoj republici te tako ni prijetnju stabilnosti SSSR-a; transfer radne snage te organizirane migracije, povremeno čak i kolonizacije, u suprotne smjerove, kako bi se "izmiješale" razne republike i time pojačao njihov "[[sovjetizacija|sovjetski]]" karakter. [[NKVD]]-ove procedure prilikom deportacija su uglavnom bile standardne: naoružani agenti opkolili bi rano ujutro ili usred noći neko selo, dali porodici 15-20 minuta da se pakira, ukrcali ih na kamione odakle bi bili ih odvezli do obližnje željezničke stanice gdje su ukrcani u vagone za stoku odakle su poslani u centralnu Aziju ili [[Sibir]], ovisno o svakoj grupi. U većini slučajeva, njihova odredišta su bila udaljena, nenastanjena mjesta ili [[gulag]]. To uključuje i deportacije u SSSR nesovjetskih građana iz inostranstva, kao i teritorije pod sovjetskom [[Okupacija|okupacijom]]. Preko 20 većih grupa je zahvaćeno deportacijama, od kojih je osam nacija potpuno uklonjeno i iskorijenjeno iz njihovih drevnih domova. Od tih osam, jedna nacija je bila katolička ([[Nijemci]] na Volgi), jedna budistička ([[Kalmici]]) a ostalih šest su bili [[musliman]]i ([[Čečeni]], [[Inguši]], [[Karačajci]], [[Balkari]], [[krimski Tatari]] i [[mešketski Turci]]).<ref name="UNHCR1996">{{cite web |title=UNHCR publication for CIS Conference (Displacement in the CIS) - Punished peoples: the mass deportations of the 1940s |url=http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/search?page=search&docid=3b5555124&query=crimean%20tatars |publisher=Refugees Magazine |date=1. 5. 1996}}</ref> U tim posebnim naseljima, deportirani su stavljeni pod strogi nadzor vlasti te im je bilo zabranjeno napustiti te lokacije.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 7–8}} Uvjeti u žurno sklopljenim nastambama za deportirane su bili uglavnom nepovoljni, te se prvih godina pojavio značajan mortalitet zbog hladnoće, gladi ili iscrpljenosti u radnim kolonijama. Prema nekim procjenama, sovjetske prisilne migracije su raselile oko 6 miliona ljudi.<ref>[[#Polian|Polian (2004)]], str. 4</ref> [[Popis smrtnosti po ratovima i katastrofama|Broj poginulih zbog posljedica deportacija]] je predmet procjena zbog toga što su same sovjetske vlasti držale tek krnje evidencije o smrtnosti među deportiranim grupama: brojke sveukupno sežu od najmanje 800.000,<ref name="Dowling930">[[#Dowling|Dowling (2014)]], str. 930</ref> preko 1.000.000, dok visoke procjene idu i do 1.500.000 poginulih.{{Sfn|Geyer|Fitzpatrick|2009|loc=str. 176}} Deportirani ljudi su dobili dozvolu za povratak nakon što je 1956. [[Nikita Hruščov]] održao tajni govor u kojem je osudio Staljinove zločine, ali mnogi nisu preživjeli te godine [[egzil]]a u Sibiru.<ref name="Salmon_b2">[[#HidenSalmon1994|Hiden & Salmon (1994)]]. str. 129.</ref> [[Povolški Nijemci]] i [[krimski Tatari]] dobili su dozvolu za povratak tek od 1989. u doba [[Mihail Gorbačov|Mihaila Gorbačova]], dok je [[Raspad SSSR|raspadom SSSR-a]] nezavisna [[Gruzija]] 1990-ih odbila dati dozvolu mešketskim Turcima za masovni povratak u njenu regiju, čime je taj narod osuđen na trajni egzil u [[Kazahstan]]u i [[Uzbekistan]]u. Posljedice ovih deportacija osjećaju se i danas, te doprinose međuetničkim napetostima i uzrokuju teritorijalne sporove. Moderni akademičari smatraju da su ove operacije etničkog čišćenja bile oblik [[Asimilacija|asimilacije]] i [[etnocid]]a prema raznim manjim narodima u bivšem SSSR-u. 1990-ih i 2000-ih je nekoliko bivših agenata [[NKVD]]-a osuđeno za [[zločin protiv čovječnosti]] zbog ovih deportacija u [[Latvija|Latviji]] i [[Estonija|Estoniji]]. [[Ruska Federacija]], nasljednica SSSR-a, nikada nije priznala deportacije kao zločin protiv čovječnosti niti je ijednoj porodici žrtava platila odštetu. Države [[Istočna Evropa|istočne Europe]] i bivšeg [[Sovjetski blok|sovjetskog bloka]], osobito u [[Poljska|Poljskoj]], [[Baltičke države|baltičkim državama]]a i [[Moldavija|Moldaviji]], redovito obilježavaju sjećanje na žrtve deportacija te im odaju počast raznim komemoracijama. == Raseljavanje društvenih slojeva == {{Glavni|Dekulakizacija}} [[Datoteka:Karte Entkulakisierung.png|mini|desno|250px|Smjer raseljevanja kulaka po SSSR-u 1930-ih]] [[Kulaci]], bogati seljaci različitih narodnosti, bili su najbrojnija društvena grupa koja je prisilno raseljena od sovjetskih vlasti. U 1930-ima, skoro milion kulaka raseljeno je diljem SSSR-a, uglavnom u radne kolonije i logore.<ref name="bugai190"/> Državni arhivi [[Ruska federacija|Ruske Federacije]] navode da je 631.000 seljaka deportirano 1930. Taj se broj kasnije još i povećao.<ref name="Bugai190">[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 190</ref> Gotovo 40% od ukupnog broja deprotiranih bili su djeca mlađa od 16 godina. Stoga su se morala naučiti da snose odgovornost za sopstveni opstanak.{{sfn|Kaznelson|2008|loc=str. 1163–1177}} [[Jagoda, Genrih|Genrih Jagoda]] je informirao [[Josif Staljin|Josifa Staljina]] da je 32.905 osoba naseljeno u [[Lenjingrad]]u i [[Murmanska oblast|Murmanskoj oblasti]] do kraja 1931.<ref name="Bugai190"/> Prema tajnoj direktivi SSSR-a datiranoj 20. aprila 1933, kulaci su deportirani u radne logore. 973.693 kulaka je deportirano do januara 1935. Među njima je bilo Rusa, Nijemaca, Bjelorusa, Ukrajinaca i drugih naroda. Čak 632.860 kulaka u egzilu je pobjeglo iz lokacija u kojima su naseljeni između 1932. i 1937, dok je 36.700 vraćeno natrag u iste.<ref name="Bugai190"/> Uvjeti kulaka u egzilu bili su teški, a 25% njihove plaće oduzeto im je da pokrije troškove za njihove usluge. Lišeni su ljudskih prava, iako su im 25. januara 1935. njihova prava vraćena.<ref name="Bugai190"/> U pismu datiranom 23. aprila 1930, I. A. Serkin, sekretar [[Komunistička partija Sovjetskog Saveza|KPSS]]-a, je pisao nadređenom S. A. Bergavinovu sljedeće: "Na početku, kada se prvi put spomenulo pitanje preseljavanja, mnogi od nas nisu to razradili do kraja i nisu ni mogli zamisliti kako će to biti kompleksno." Dodao je da, iako je zamišljeno da glavno zanimanje doseljenih kulaka u posebne nastambe bude poljoprivreda, niko nije proveo studije o uslovima tla, niti da su neke površine na kartama bile nenaseljivve u praksi, potpuno nedostupne, ili se nalazile usred močvare. Uz to, ta je zabačena zemlja zahtijevala ogroman trud kako bi pripremili čak i elementarne uslove za [[Agrikultura|agrikulturu]]. Stoga je upozorio da u prvoj godini dobar dio doseljenika neće moći uzgojiti nikakvu hranu za sebe.<ref>[[#Viola|Viola (2001)]], str. 730–750</ref> Najgori primjer takvog nemarnog planiranja bio je slučaj iz 1933, kada je oko 6.000 osoba iz evropskog dijela SSSR-a deportirano i ostavljeno na riječnom ostrvu gdje se spajaju rijeke [[Ob]] i Nazino u zapadnom Sibiru, gdje su jednostavno ostavljeni da se sami snalaze. Pošto nisu imali nikakvu adekvatnu hranu niti pribor da se brinu za sebe, oko 2.000 ih je preminulo, velik dio je pobjegao u sibirske [[Tajga|tajge]], a javili su se i slučajevi [[Kanibalizam|kanibalizma]] i nekrofagije zbog pojave masovne [[glad]]i na otoku (→[[Afera Nazino]]).{{sfn|Werth|Gross|Rendall|2010|loc=str. 770–772}}{{sfn|Barenberg|2008}} Posebne odredbe za kulake iz zapadne [[Bjeloruska Sovjetska Socijalistička Republika|Bjelorusije]] su i dalje izdane sve do proljeća 1952. Tako je do 22. aprila 1952. određeno da se 6.000 ljudi premjesti u [[Irkutska oblast|Irkutsku oblast]] i [[Kazahstan]]. To je vjerojatno bila posljednja Staljinova deportacija.<ref>[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 103</ref> Dana 23. decembra 1938. djeca kulaka dobila su pasoše te pravo da se presele gdje god žele. Novo sovjetsko vodstvo je 13. augusta 1954. usvojilo zakon kojim ukida posebne restrikcije deportiranih kulaka.<ref name="Bugai190"/> == Raseljavanje etničkih grupa == === Uvod u prisilna raseljavanja === Zbog toga što je obuhvatio razne teritorije po [[Azija|Aziji]], [[SSSR]] je bio etnički izazito miješovita i neujednačena država. Prema popisu stanovništva iz 1926, [[Rusi]] su činili tek 54% stanovništva te države. U 1930-im i 1940-im, uslijedilo je razdoblje izazite [[Rusifikacija|rusifikacije]] u školama.<ref>[[#Glazer|Glazer & Moynihan (1975)]], str. 460</ref> Tokom i nakon [[Drugi svjetski rat|Drugog svjetskog rata]], razni narodi kolektivno su optuživani za kolaboraciju sa nacistima i nevjernost prema sovjetskom sistemu. [[Deportacija|Deportacije]] su bile glavni instrument Staljinova suzbijanja pobune stanovništva osvojenih teritorija.<ref>[[#Statiev|Statiev (2005)]], str. 977–1003</ref> Ironično, svojedobno je i sam Staljin — između 1902. i 1917. — sedam puta osuđen od carskog režima zbog političkih razloga te deportiran u udaljeni [[Sibir]].<ref name="Schwartz">[[#Schwartz|Schwartz (2013)]], str. 522</ref> [[Datoteka:Rumsiskes jurta.jpg|mini|desno|250px|Tipičan izgled "posbenih nastambi" u kojima su živjeli deportirani u Sibiru; rekonstrukcija u muzeju [[Rumšiškės]], Litvanija]] Deportirane grupe smještene su u "[[posebne nastambe (SSSR)|posebne nastambe]]" (''spetsposelki'') u udaljenim i nedostupnim regijama kao oblik represivnih mjera protiv "problematičnih grupa" koje su se protivile sovjetskoj politici. Ova je praksa započeta još 1920-ih, ali je masovnost doživjela tek od 1930-ih, te trajala sve do 1950-ih.{{sfn|Klimkova|2007|loc=str. 105–139}} Stanovnici tih posebnih nastambi trpjeli su značajna ograničenja njihovih građanskih prava, kao što su restrikcije slobode kretanja jer su bili pod stalnim nadzorom [[NKVD]]-a. Također je predviđao [[prisilni rad]] najtežih fizičkih poslova kao i odsutnost bilo kakvog jasnog vremenskog roka u odsluživanju ovog egzila. U oktobru 1940, registrirane su 1.645 posebne nastambe, u kojima je živjelo 959.472 osoba, a taj je broj do 1953. porastao na 2.753.356 osoba.{{sfn|Klimkova|2007|loc=str. 105–139}} [[Kazaška SSR]] je postala glavni pokusni teren na kojem su sovjetske vlasti masovno odlagale razne narode. To je išlo toliko daleko da su sami [[Kazasi]] postali manjina u sopstvenoj republici, te se u 1980-ima tamo našlo čak 50-ak različitih etničkih grupa.{{sfn|Iglicka|1998|loc=str. 995–1014}} Djelomično uklanjanje "problematičnih" i "nevjernih" naroda bila je česta Staljinova tehnika: njegov cilj je bio usitniti jedan narod tako da ga izmiješa sa drugim narodima, i to na više udaljenih lokacija, čime jedna nacija više ne bi mogla biti jedinstvena i snažna jer je bila raspršena. Bio je to oblik [[Asimilacija|asimilacije]] u kojoj su deportirani neruski narodi tretirani kao inferiorni građani bez perspektive za društveno napredovanje.{{sfn|Iglicka|1998|loc=str. 995–1014}} Glavne su mete bili [[Poljaci]] (1939–1941, te opet 1944–1945), [[Rumuni]] (1944–1953), [[Nijemci]] na Volgi (prognani su uglavnom tokom i nakon Drugog svjetskog rata), [[Finci]] (1929–1931. te 1935–1939), [[Krimski Tatari]], Krimski Grci, [[Balkari]], [[Čečeni]], [[Inguši]] i drugi. Sveukupno je preko dvadesetak naroda bilo pogođeno tim planom,<ref name="UNHCR1996"/> što je uveliko promijenilo etničku strukturu države. Od toga, čak je osam nacija potpuno uklonjeno deportacijama iz njihovih vijekovnih ognjišta.{{sfn|Kreindlera|1986|loc=str. 387–405}} Razlozi deportacija u udaljene krajeve centralne Azije i Sibira ležali su u tome što je SSSR htio imati osobe za [[prisilni rad]] u zabačenim područjima u koje niko nije htio dobrovoljno otići. Drugi je razlog i Staljinov strah od opasnosti od "[[peta kolona|petokolonaša]]" uz granična područja. Međutim, u nekim slučajevima deportacije manjih naroda nisu slijedile nikakvu logiku. Pretpostavlja se da su jednostavno bili žrtve Staljinove konstantne paranoje.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 7–8}} === [[Poljaci]] === {{glavni|Sovjetska invazija Poljske|Poljska operacija NKVD-a (1937–1938)}} Već je u sklopu Staljinove kampanje protiv kulaka 10.000 [[Poljaci|Poljaka]] deportirano iz [[Ukrajinska Sovjetska Socijalistička Republika|Ukrajinske SSR]] prema unutrašnjosti SSSR-a između 1930. i 1933. U strahu za zapadne sovjetske granice, deportirano je 1935. godine dodatnih 40.000 sovjetskih Poljaka prema istoku. Dodatno izgnanstvo Poljaka odigralo se 1936. sa tog područja, čime je sveukupno raseljeno 120.000 Poljaka u sedam godina.<ref name="Piotrowski2"/> U periodu 1937–1938. deportirano je novih 20.000 Poljaka iz [[Bjeloruska SSR|Bjeloruske SSR]]. U istom razdoblju je 143.810 Poljaka optuženo za raznorazne "antisovjetske aktivnosti", te ih stoga neki smatraju prvim primjerom jedne nacionalne grupe koja je proganjana u SSSR-u samo na temelju svoje etničke pripadnosti. Poljaci su činili desetinu svih žrtava "[[Velika čistka|velike čistke]]".<ref name="Piotrowski2"/> [[Datoteka:Sybiracy (deportacje 1940-1941).jpg|mini|desno|250px|Deportirane poljske porodice ukrcavaju se na vozove za [[Sibir]].]] Nakon što su u septembru 1939. [[Treći Reich]] i Sovjetski Savez podijelili [[Poljska|Poljsku]] između sebe, Staljin je izdao naredbu kojom je iz sovjetskog dijela bivše Poljske velik broj ljudi deportiran u radne logore, od čega su 63.1 % bili [[Poljaci]] a 7.4 % Židovi.<ref>[[#Piotrowski|Piotrowski (2007.)]], str 14</ref> Porodice političkih i ratnih zarobljenika kažnjeni su deportacijom u Kazahstan na 10 godina, a izbjeglice u sjeverne predjele u posebne nastambe gdje su morali sjeći drva. Drugi val deportacija započeo je 13. aprila 1940, a u njemu su bile porodice poljskih oficira koji su smaknuti, policajaca, vlasnika tvornica, kao i članova antisovjetskih pobunjeničkih organizacija, zatim profesori, ali i obični seljaci.<ref name="Dundovich79"/> Ova je operacija provedena po noći, između 2:00 i 6:00 ujutro, iako je to bilo teško sakriti pošto je na ulicama uobičajno prije bilo pripremljeno na hiljade kolica i vagona. Prema izvještajima, dvoje ili troje kola poslana su u svaku kuću, uz nekoliko vojnika, koji su pokucali na vrata nečijeg doma, pregledali pasoše, te potom odveli osobe koje su označene da moraju otići u egzil. Pojedini vojnici su pomagali ljudima da utovare svoje stvari. Osobama je dozvoljeno uzeti 100&nbsp;kg po osobi, odnosno 300&nbsp;kg po porodici.<ref name="Dundovich79">[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 79</ref> Deportacija poljskih izbjeglica, koji su pobjegli na istok od ''[[Wehrmacht]]a'', odigrala se 29. jula 1940. Velika većina njih, oko 85%, bili su Jevreji. Nekom ironijom, ova deportacija je zapravo spasila živote tih Jevreja pošto su [[Operacija Barbarossa|nacisti izvršili invaziju ostatka Poljske 1941]].<ref name="Dundovich80">[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 80</ref> Sovjetske deportacije su nastavljene tokom cijele 1941, te ih je tek prekinula nacistička invazija SSSR-a, koja je dovela do evakuacije ili bijega između 8,5 i 9,5 miliona osoba prema istoku.<ref name="Schwartz"/> Nakon toga, SSSR je uspostavio zvanične odnose sa poljskom vladom u egzilu u [[London]]u, te su mnogi Poljaci amnestirani 12. augusta 1941, pušteni iz radnih kolonija te dobili pravo naseliti se gdje god žele, izuzev zabranjenih zona i klasificiranih gradova.<ref name="Dundovich81">[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 81</ref> Prigodom 70. godišnjice sovjetske invazije, poljski [[Institut za nacionalno sjećanje]] objavio je da je broj deportiranih poljskih građana u SSSR ipak bio niži od prethodnih procjena, te da je iznosio oko 320.000<ref name="expatica">{{cite web|title=Polish experts lower nation's WWII death toll|date=30. 8. 2009|url=http://www.expatica.com/de/news/german-news/Polish-experts-lower-nation_s-WWII-death-toll--_55843.html|publisher=Expatica.com|access-date=14. 1. 2019|archive-date=6. 4. 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406115752/http://www.expatica.com/de/news/german-news/Polish-experts-lower-nation_s-WWII-death-toll--_55843.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> – među njima je 139.000 poslano u [[Sibir]], 66.000 u suhe stepe [[Kazahstan]]a a 78.000 u daleki istok i sjeverne regije.{{sfn|Lebedeva|2007|loc=str. 28–45}} Prema popisu stanovništva iz 1989, Poljaci su bili deseta najbrojnija narodna grupa u Kazahstanu. Nakon [[raspad SSSR-a|pada SSSR-a]], značajan broj Kazahstanaca poljskog porijekla je 1990-ih u nekoliko valova emigrirao u Poljsku.{{sfn|Iglicka|1998|loc=str. 995–1014}} Poljska i Sovjetski Savez razmijenili su stanovništvo – Poljaci istočno od sovjetsko-poljske granice su otišli u Poljsku, dok su Ukrajinci zapadno od granice otišli u Ukrajinsku SSR. Skladno time, pomicanjem poljske granice prema zapadu nakon 1945, velik broj Poljaka na istoku tako se silom prilika trajno našao izvan svoje domovine. Između 1944. i 1946. [[Poljski transfer stanovništva (1944–46)|odigrao se transfer]] 1.517.982 Poljaka iz SSSR-a u poslijeratnu, zapadniju Poljsku.{{sfn|Ther|1996|loc=str. 779–805}} === Daleki istok: [[Korejci]], [[Japanci]] === [[Datoteka:Karafuto_map.png|mini|desno|250px|Karta južnog Sahalina]] {{Glavni|Deportacija Korejaca u Sovjetskom Savezu|Invazija južnog Sahalina}} Korejci su se, osim na [[Korejsko poluostrvo|korejskom poluostrvu]], u 19. vijeku naselili i na području ruskog Dalekog istoka. Prilikom rusko-japanskih napetosti zbog [[Mandžurija|Mandžurije]] 1937, sovjetske vlasti su raselile oko 170.000 Korejaca u Kazahstan, jer su se bojale da bi Korejci mogli postati "japanski špijuni". Danas u Kazahstanu živi oko 100.000 Korejaca, većinom oko naselja [[Uzun Agach]], koji su se stopili sa kazahstanskom kulturom, ali i dalje održavaju veze sa [[Južna Koreja|Južnom Korejom]].<ref>{{cite web |publisher=UNHCR |url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/topic,463af2212,488edfb96e38,49749cfbc,0,,,KAZ.html |title=World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples – Kazakhstan : Koreans |access-date=22. 11. 2012 |year=2008 }}{{Mrtav link}}</ref> U tim posebnim nastambama, Korejcima je bilo zabranjeno kretati se, služiti u armiji ili postići visoko obrazovanje. Nisu bili među narodima spomenutima u Hruščovom govoru 1956.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 26}} Nakon što je Crvena armija osvojila južni [[Sahalin]] 1945, u idućih nekoliko godina sveukupno se oko 400.000 Japanaca evakuiralo, protjeralo ili dobrovoljno odselilo s tog ostrva, kako bi se osigurao njegov "sovjetski" predznak.<ref name="sahalin">[[#McColl & Robbers|McColl & Robbers (2005.)]], str. 803</ref> SSSR je anektirao i [[Kurilska ostrva]], gdje su također deložirani domorodci. Već je 86.700 Japanaca evakuirano sa Sahalina na obližnji [[Hokaido]] uoči sovjetske objave rata [[Japan]]u. Nakon rata, SSSR je deportirao najmanje 278.000 Japanaca sa Sahalina, sve do kraja tog procesa jula 1949. Ipak, nekoliko Japanaca i 43.000 Korejaca je i dalje ostalo na tom ostrvu. Iako su svi ti građani legalno tamo živjeli, sovjetske vlasti su to nazvale "repatrijacijom" Japanaca u Japan.<ref name="Itoh"/> === [[Finci]] === {{Glavni|Zimski rat|Deportacija ingrijskih Finaca}} SSSR je 1939. izvršio invaziju [[Finska|Finske]]. Zimski rat je završio primirjem i sporazumom kojim Finska zadržava svoju nezavisnost, ali mora predati dio istočnog i južnog teritorija SSSR-u. Do kraja drugog svjetskog rata, iz SSSR-a je protjerano ukupno 420.000 [[Finci|Finaca]],<ref name="Vijeće Europe"/> iz osvojenih finskih teritorija, poglavito [[Ingrija|Ingrije]], ali i iz drugih dijelova SSSR-a uz novu finsku granicu. Sovjetski dio [[Karelija|Karelije]] bila je meta staljinističkog terora zbog nekoliko razloga, primarno jer se nalazila uz Finsku koja je stekla nezavisnost of Ruskog Carstva 1917, te zbog toga jer se tamo nalazio značajan broj Finaca i [[Karelijanci|Karelijanaca]]. Ljudski gubici u Kareliji bili su jedni od najtežih u cijeloj državi gledano naprema odnosu broja stanovnika te nacije u tom području.{{sfn|Kostiainen|1996|loc=str. 331–342}} Prije [[Oktobarska revolucija|oktobarske revolucije]] 1917, oko 130.000 osoba finskog porijekla živjelo je na ruskom teritoriju uz obalu [[Finski zaliv|finskog zaliva]], od rijeke [[Narva (rijeka)|Narve]] na zapadu pa sve do rijeke [[Neva|Neve]] na istoku, te u regiji sjeverno od [[Sankt Peterburg|St. Peterburga]]. Ta brojka je ostala konstantna u 1920-ima i 1930-ima, ali je tokom i nakon drugog svjetskog rata evidentiran ogroman pad finskog stanovništva u toj regiji, gdje ih je zabilježeno svega 24.000 tokom sovjetskog popisa stanovništva iz 1970-ih. Uzrok tome su deportacije Finaca 1930-ih i 1940-ih.{{sfn|Matley|1979|loc=str. str. 1–16}} === Baltik: [[Estonci]], [[Latvijci]], [[Litvanci]] === {{Glavni|Sovjetska aneksija baltičkih država|Sovjetske deportacije iz Estonije|Sovjetske deportacije iz Litvanije|Junska deportacija}} [[Datoteka:Kardo rinktine 02.jpg|lijevo|mini|250px|Litvanski partizani, Šumska braća, su još godinama nakon 1945. pružali otpor sovjetskim snagama]] Sovjetski Savez je 16. juna 1940. predao ultimatum [[Litvanija|Litvaniji]], a 16. juna i [[Latvija|Latviji]] i [[Estonija|Estoniji]] te potom zauzeo te baltičke države 1940,<ref>[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 83</ref> samo da bi ih 1941. zauzeo Treći Reich, te potom ponovno SSSR 1944. godine. Staljin je tokom tog razdoblja pokrenuo ''[[sovjetizacija|sovjetizaciju]]'' Baltika uz pomoć široko rasprostanjene [[industrializacija|industrijalizacije]] kojom se doseljavalo rusko stanovništvo u to područje.<ref name="Salmon_b1">[[#HidenSalmon1994|Hiden & Salmon (1994)]]. str. 126.</ref> Započete su masovne deportacije kako bi se eliminirao bilo kakav otpor [[kolektivizacija|kolektivizaciji]] ili potpora [[antisovjetizam|antisovjetskim]] partizanima koji su se i dalje borili protiv Sovjeta.<ref name="Salmon_b2"/> Baltički partizani, [[Šumska braća]], godinama su vršili otpor protiv Sovjeta.<ref>[[#Petersen|Petersen (2001)]], str. 206</ref> Prvi talas deportacija započeo je 1941. a glavna meta bili su zemljoposjednici, vlasnici tvornica, trgovci i drugi. Odvezeni su zajedno sa porodicama. Do jula 1941. tako je deportirano 25.586 osoba sa Baltika (12.682 iz Litvanije, 9.236 iz Latvije te 3.668 iz Estonije).<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 165</ref> Deportacije od 1944. do 1952. bile su još veće od onih 1941.<ref name="Salmon_b2"/> "Proširene" su kako bi obuhvatile nove grupe ljudi: one koji su sarađivali sa nacistima; ko god je (makar i prisilno) otišao raditi u Njemačku tokom rata; svi članovi tajnih anti-nacističkih organizacija; baltički vojnici koji su se borili u nacionalističkim trupama u savezništvu sa nacistima. Dio baltičkih državljana dao je potporu nacističkim antisemitskim ideologijama.<ref>[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 36</ref> Jedan dio razloga nacističke kolaboracije ležao je u tome što je Treći Reich tvrdio da će štititi građane od Sovjeta. Samo u martu 1949, deportirano je 90.000 baltičkih državljana.<ref name="heinrihs">[[#Strods|Strods (2002)]], str. 1–36</ref>{{sfn|Erratum|2002|loc=str. 241}} Najdrastičniji primjer bila je Litvnija koja je deportacijama izgubila 37.000 državljana poslanih u Sibir za samo 48 sati.<ref>[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 37</ref> Ukupno 42.000 osoba je te godine prisilno raseljeno iz Latvije, uglavnom farmera koji su se bunili protiv kolektivizacije. Cijele porodice su raseljene u [[Amur]], [[Irkutsk]], [[Omsk]], [[Tomsk]] i [[Novosibirsk]] doživotno.<ref name="Vijeće Europe"/> Neke osobe odvedene su i do 9.000&nbsp;km daleko od svoje domovine. To je činilo 2 % ukupnog stanovništva te republike. Od toga je bilo 10.990 djece mlađe od 16 godina. Žene i djeca su činili 73 % deportiranih.<ref name="Vijeće Europe">[[#Vijeće Europe|Vijeće Europe (2006)]], str. 157–158</ref> [[Datoteka:Iš Lietuvos į Dalstrojų.png|desno|mini|250px|Litvanci su predstavljali jedan od naroda koji su bili najdalje deportirani od svoje domovine: i do 9.000 km od zapada prema krajnjem istoku Sovjetskog Saveza, u radne logore]] Iste godine, 22.326 ljudi je prisilno raseljeno iz Estonije, što je predstavljalo 2,5 % stanovništva te republike, a 29.923 iz Litve u Sibir. Prema službenim podacima, najmanje 120.000 ljudi je deportirano iz Litvanije.<ref name="Vijeće Europe"/> Dana 5. septembra 1951, odredba Vijeća ministara SSSR-a N 3309-1568 odredila je deportaciju kulaka i njihovih porodica iz Litvanije zbog "neprijateljskih činova protiv kolhoza". Tako je 1. januara 1952. bilo 16.833 registriranih seljaka u posebnim nastambama koji su raseljeni iz Litvanije 1951. godine. Do jula, broj je porastao na 18.027 osoba.<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 166</ref> Sveukupno je od 1940. do 1953. iz baltičkih država prisilno raseljeno 203.590 osoba: 118.599 iz Litvanije, 52.541 iz Latvije te 32.540 iz Estonije. Oko 84% [[Litvanci|Litvanaca]] je naseljeno u regiji [[Irkutska oblast|Irkutska]] i [[Krasnojarski kraj|Krasnojarska]], 87% [[Latvijci|Latvijaca]] u regijama [[Omska oblast|Omska]] i [[Tomska oblast|Tomska]], a 80% Estonaca u regijama [[Novosibirska oblast|Novosibirska]] i Krasnojarska.<ref name="Dundovich">[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 100</ref> Između 1945. i 1948. zabilježeno je 1.722 bijega doseljenika deportiranih iz Litvanije. Do 1. januara 1949, uhićeno je 1.070 od njih — nekima se sudilo, dok su drugi vraćeni u posebne nastambe.<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 170</ref> Latvija je do kraja rata izgubila trećinu stanovništva: oko 110.000 ljudi poslano je u sovjetske logore ili ubijeno. 130.000 osoba je pobjeglo na Zapad. Staljin je također provodio izmjenu etničkog stanovništva kako bi suspregnuo nacionalizam u državama: 1940. godine Latvijci su činili 75 % stanovništva Latvije, no zbog kolonizacije Rusa, Latvijci su 1989. činili jedva 52 % udjela stanovništva.<ref>[[#OESS|OESS (2001)]], str. 31</ref> Nove stambene zgrade bile su slabe kvalitete a ruski imigranti su dobivali povlastice radi doseljavanja.<ref name="Salmon_b5">[[#HidenSalmon1994|Hiden & Salmon (1994)]]. str. 132.</ref> Estonci su prije rata činili 88 % stanovništva svoje domovine, ali su već 1970. spali na samo 60 %. Ipak, broj Litvanaca spao je za "samo" 4 %.<ref name="Salmon_b5"/> Rusi doseljenici su uglavnom preuzeli političke, administrativne i vodilačke pozicije na tom području.<ref name="Salmon_b10">[[#HidenSalmon1994|Hiden & Salmon (1994)]]. str. 139.</ref> === Besarabija i Sjeverna Bukovina: [[Rumuni]], [[Moldavci]], [[Jehovini svjedoci]] === [[Datoteka:Soviet_occupation_of_Bessarabia_and_Northern_Bukovina_11.jpg|mini|desno|250px|Rumunske [[izbjeglice]] nakon sovjetskog zauzimanja Besarabije i Bukovine]] [[Datoteka:Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina 12.jpg|mini|desno|250px|Rumunska porodica, izbjeglice iz Besarabije]] {{Glavni|Sovjetske deportacije iz Besarabije i Sjeverne Bukovine|Operacija Sjever}} [[Rumuni]] i drugi narodi su sistematski raseljavani iz Besarabije, koja je također [[Sovjetska aneksija Besarabije i Sjeverne Bukovine|pala pod sovjetsku vlast 1940.]] Aprila 1941. registrirano je 5.515 porodica (12.275 osoba) iz baltičkih država i [[Moldavija|Moldavije]] koji su naseljeni u 14 naselja po [[Novosibirska oblast|Novosibirskoj oblasti]], što služi kao dokaz prvog vala deportacija iz Moldavije. Bili su to ljudi osumnjičeni da odbijaju sovjetsku vlast ili iskazuju "protu-revolucionarne elemente".<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 151</ref> Do septembra 1941, registrirano je 22.643 osoba deportiranih iz Moldavije u [[Kazahstan]] i Sibir.<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 153</ref> U Moldaviji je 1944. godine 811 osoba odbijalo vojnu službu u Crvenoj armiji, dok je broj dezertera porastao na 4.398.<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 154</ref> U decembru 1944, izvršena je operacija u kojoj je provedena obavezna [[repatrijacija]] 60.000 "besarabijskih izbjeglica" – osoba koji su pobjegli iz svojih domova u Besarabiji prije napredovanja Crvene armije – u Rumuniju. Pošto je SSSR sada smatrao Besarabiju i Sjevernu Bukovinu sastavnim dijelom svojeg teritorija, ovo je gledao kao na čin repatrijacije.<ref>[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 89</ref> Marta 1945, izvršeno je premještanje raznih nacija iz Moldavije, među njima Rumuna, Židova i Cigana. V.V. Černjišov je izjavio da je 17.054 rumunskih građana i 12.852 Židova živjelo u [[Ukrajina|Ukrajini]] koji su imali i sovjetski i rumunski pasoš. Svi su oni preseljeni. Dodatnih 12.435 osoba je 1946. raseljeno iz Moldavije. Prema regulativi vijeća ministara SSSR-a iz 29. januara 1949, biti će raseljeni "članovi porodica bandita i nacionalista".<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 156</ref> Oko 36.000 osoba je 1949. iz Moldavije deportirano u Sibir, zbog optužbi za navodnu saradnju sa nacističkim snagama u drugom svjetskom ratu.<ref name="UNHCR1996"/> Godine 1951, izvršena je i deportacija [[Jehovini svjedoci|Jehovinih svjedoka]] iz Moldavije. Do sredine 1952, 3.325 osoba je deportirano iz Moldavije u Kazahstan.<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 160</ref> === Povolški Nijemci === {{Glavni|Progon Nijemaca nakon Drugog svjetskog rata}} {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 100%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:25em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" | style="text-align: left;" | Ko smo mi ruski Nijemci? Jesmo li vječne lutalice? Ne znam ni za jednu porodicu ruskih Nijemaca čiji su otac i sin rođeni u istom mjestu. Uzmite moj slučaj: moj pra-pradjed je rođen u istočnoj [[Pruska|Pruskoj]], moj pradjed u okolini [[Varšava|Varšave]], moj otac u Žitomiru ([[Ukrajina]]), a ja sam rođen u [[Kazahstan]]u. Moja su djeca rođena u [[Uzbekistan]]u a ja sad živim u [[Moskva|Moskvi]]. Gdje će se roditi moja unučad? Ima li mjesta na kugli zemaljskoj gdje će ovo vječno traganje ruskih Nijemaca napokon prestati?{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 11}} |- | style="text-align: left;" | — anonimni ruski Nijemac, Moskva, juli 1991. |} Autohtoni [[Povolški Nijemci]], naseljeni oko regije sjevernog [[Kavkaz]]a i [[Volga|Volge]] od 18. vijeka,{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 11}} na poziv [[Katarina Velika|Katarine Velike]] koja je i sama bila njemačkog porijekla,{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 12}} također su raseljeni prema Dalekom istoku počevši od augusta 1941, kako ne bi bili u mogućnosti sarađivati sa nacistima koji su vršili invaziju Sovjetskog Saveza.{{sfn|Gelb|1995|loc=str. 389–412}} Po nekima, ovo je bio najveći val deportacija, koji je zasjenio čak i ostale deportacije. Naredba za raseljavanje autohtonih Nijemaca na [[Volga|Volgi]] izdata je 26. augusta 1941. te je pozvala na "preseljenje svih Nijemaca iz [[Autonomna Sovjetska Socijalistička Republika Povolških Nijemaca|Autonomne Republike Povolških Nijemaca]] i iz [[Saratovska oblast|Saratova]] i [[Staljingrad]]a koji broje 479.841 pojedinca... Bez izuzetaka, i žitelja gradova i sela".<ref name="Mukhina42">[[#Mukhina|Mukhina (2007)]], str. 42</ref> Pojavile su se komplikacije oko osoba u miješanom braku. Naredba je navodila da se sve porodice u kojima je glava kuće (suprug) Nijemac moraju ukloniti, uključujući sve članove porodice.<ref name="Mukhina42"/> To je pak dovelo do raznih molbi nenjemačkih žena da ih vlasti "oslobode stigme da su prokleti Nijemci". Razni njemački muškarci pokrenuli su i zahtjeve da im vlasti promijene narodnost na temelju braka sa ruskom ženom, što je u rijetkim slučajevima odobreno.<ref name="Mukhina43">[[#Mukhina|Mukhina (2007)]], str. 43</ref> [[Datoteka:Volga German.png|250px|mini|desno|[[Autonomna Sovjetska Socijalistička Republika Povolških Nemaca]]]] Za razliku od toga, njemačke žene sa ruskim muževima bile su pošteđene deportacija. Mnoge ruske žene udate za Nijemca kasnije su se žalile kako je to bilo nepravedno jer su one morale otići živjeti u egzilu.<ref name="Mukhina43"/> Ukupno 1.094 njemačkih žena i djece dobilo je dozvolu ostati u svojim domovima jer su im muževi i očevi bili Rusi, dok je 116.917 njemačkih žena i 178.694 njemačke djece deportirano iz regije Volga.<ref name="Mukhina43"/> Kao i kod većine sovjetskih uredbi, i službene regulacije za deportacije zvučale su puno humanije "na papiru" nego u stvarnosti: osobe koje će biti deportirane trebale su dobiti dozvolu da skupe svoje stvari (do 200&nbsp;kg po osobi) i predaju svoj novac rodbini prije odlaska. Odmah su dobili obavijest od službenika da ponesu dovoljno hrane za mjesec dana jer neće biti dovoljno namirnica za njih u prvom mjesecu deportacije. Službenik koji je pratio deportirane očekivao je da dobije šest rublja dnevno za svaku osobu koju nahrani na putu do odredišta.<ref name="Mukhina43"/> U vozuu je trebalo biti po sedam do osam vagona sa ličnim stvarima deportiranih te barem jedan vagon sa doktorima tokom puta. U stvarnosti je međutim često bilo potpuno drugačije od tih odredbi: većina deportiranih imalo je tek par minuta da skupi svoje stvari, službenici im nisu dali da nose više imovine od onoga što mogu nositi u rukama te je mnogim Nijemcima naređeno da ostave ostatak stvari na željezničkoj stanici. Isto tako, pošto im nisu dali dovoljno vremena unaprijed, razni Nijemci nisu mogli brzo nabaviti dovoljno hrane za mjesec, te im je tako brzo ponestalo zaliha usred putovanja u vagonima. Isto tako, porodice su razdvojene jer su žene poslane u drugim smjerovima od svojih muževa.<ref name="Mukhina44">[[#Mukhina|Mukhina (2007)]], str. 44</ref> Uprkos ovome, između 33.516 i 64.600 njemačkih muškaraca služilo je u Crvenoj armiji tokom rata.<ref>[[#Mukhina|Mukhina (2007)]], str. 48</ref> Neki su sovjetski Nijemci deportirani i nakon završetka ratnih sukoba, poput onih koji su se našli zarobljeni tokom [[Opsada Lenjingrada|opsade Lenjingrada]], samo da bi bili deportirani nakon završetka opsade u januaru 1944.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 11}} [[Autonomna Sovjetska Socijalistička Republika Povolških Nijemaca]] je ukinuta. Sveukupan broj deportiranih povolških Nijemaca je negdje između 749.614<ref name="pohl5"/>–843.000<ref name="UNHCR1996"/> Kada bi se dodali i ostali sovjetski Nijemci koji su zahvaćeni prisilnim preseljenjem, dobila bi se brojka od 1,2 miliona izgnanih.<ref name="Mukhina54">[[#Mukhina|Mukhina (2007)]], str. 54</ref> Nakon rata, pojedini Nijemci koji su već ranije pobjegli iz SSSR-a prevareni su da se vrate u tu državu "kako bi se ponovno ujedinili sa svojom porodicom". Međutim, oni koji su poslušali često su poslani u radne logore gdje su ostali narednih dvadeset do dvadeset i pet godina.<ref>[[#Mukhina|Mukhina (2007)]], str. 49</ref> Dana 29. augusta 1964, izdan je dekret koji je poništio prethodne sovjetske odredbe prema sovjetskim Nijemcima te objavio da su optužbe protiv njih bile "manjkave". Ipak, nije predviđao njihov povratak u svoje domove te je dekret objavljen jedino u zvaničnom biltenu Vrhovnog sovjeta, bez ikakvog daljnjeg publiciteta.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 14}} Tek su se nakon 1980-ih mogli vratiti natrag u svoje krajeve, ali je većina tada već napustila državu i odselila se u Njemačku. Do 1995, oko 1.376.000 ruskih Nijemaca odselilo se u [[Njemačka|Njemačku]].<ref name="UNHCR1996"/> Također, nakon što je Crvena armija osvojila [[Kalinjingrad]], Rusi su tamo sistematski [[Rusifikacija|doseljavani]] kako bi se osigurala čvrsta i stabilna sovjetska vlast. === Kalmici === {{Glavni|Deportacija Kalmika 1943.}} [[Datoteka:Kalmykia03.png|mini|desno|250px|Karta [[Kalmikija|Kalmikije]]]] [[Kalmici]] su jedina autothona [[Mongoli|mongolska]] nacija i pripadnici [[tibetanski budizam|tibetanskog budizma]] u Evropi. Početkom 17. vijeka, emigrirali su iz zapadne [[Mongolija|Mongolije]] prema obalama [[Kaspijsko jezero|kaspijskog jezera]].<ref>[[#Richardson|Richardson (2010)]], str. 441</ref> Dana 28. decembra 1943, u 6:00 ujutro, po tri oficira NKVD-a istodobno su ulazila u svaku kuću Kalmika i pročitali izjavu Vrhovnog Sovjeta, prema kojoj se svi Kalmici moraju premjestiti u Sibir jer su "izdajnici", dok se [[Kalmička Autonomna Sovjetska Socijalistička Republika]] ukida. Ovu operaciju je izvršio general [[Ivan Serov]], zamjenik [[Lavrentij Berija|Lavrentija Berije]].<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 57</ref> Kalmici su optuženi da su se pridružili nacističkim jedinicama kako bi se borili protiv Crvene armije i predavali stoku iz kolhoza njemačkoj strani. Ideju o deportaciji cijelokupne nacije Kalmika iznio je Berija, koji je nekoliko puta Staljinu govorio o "nepouzdanosti" te nacije. Kada su se tog jutra probudili, Kalmici su vidjeli da su im domovi okruženi mitraljezima, te da imaju 12 sati da pokupe sve svoje stvari.<ref name="Bugai58">[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 58–59</ref> Svaki stanovnik smatran je uhićenim, te ukrcan u kamione – bez obzira radilo se o bebama, ženama ili starcima. Kamioni su ih potom odveli do obližnje željezničke stanice. Tamo su ukrcani u vagone i odvezeni na hiljadu kilometara dugačak put prema istoku ([[Altaj]], Krasnojarski kraj, [[Omsk]], [[Novosibirsk]])<ref name="Bugai58"/> Upute za raseljavanje bile su sljedeće: #kalmičke žene, udane sa osobe druge nacionalnosti izuzete su od deportacije, #ruske žene, udane za Kalmike podložne su deportaciji, #odsutni članovi porodice (poslovno putovanje, izlet, itd.) moraju se registrirati te su podložni deportaciji kada se pronađu.<ref name="Bugai60">[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 60–61</ref> Određeno je da jedan operativac NKVD-a i dva vojnika NKVD-a moraju istovremeno premjestiti tri porodice. Prema uputama, svakoj porodici bilo je dozvoljeno ponijeti hrane i poljoprivrednog alata, do 100&nbsp;kg po članu porodice, ali ne više od 500&nbsp;kg po jednoj porodici. Ponesena imovina 3-4 porodice išla je na jednom kamionu, kao i žene sa djecom. Svaka kolona morala je prevoziti najmanje 2.000 osoba.<ref name="Bugai60"/> Sveukupno je 10.000 vojnika poslano u Kalmikiju da deportira oko 93.000 Kalmika.<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 63</ref> Prema podacima jedne od četiri regije gdje su Kalmici premješteni — [[Altajski kraj]] — 290 od 478 osoba preminulo je tokom putovanja od [[tuberkoloza|tuberkoloze]], upale i [[distrofija|distrofije]].<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 64</ref> Prema procjenama, i do 1/3 cjelokupne nacije Kalmika preminulo je tokom prisilnog raseljavanja te zime.<ref>[[#Chetyrova|Chetyrova (2011)]], str. 17</ref> === Krimski Tatari, Grci, Armenci, Bugari === {{Glavni|Deportacija Krimskih Tatara|Grčka operacija NKVD-a}} {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 100%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:25em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" | style="text-align: left;" | U 3:00 ujutro, dok su djeca još spavala, pojavili su se vojnici i zahtijevali da se okupimo i odemo od doma za pet minuta. Nije nam dozvoljeno ponijeti nikakvu hranu sa sobom. Tako su neugodno postupali sa nama da smo mislili da će nas strijeljati vani. Nakon što smo udaljeni iz sela, držali su nas 24 sata bez hrane. Bili smo gladni ali nam nije dozvoljeno da odemo negdje nešto pojesti. Djeca su stalno plakala. Moj se suprug borio na fronti, a ja sam imala troje djece.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 33}} |- | style="text-align: left;" | — anonimna Krimskotatarska žena, deportirana 1944. |} [[Krimski Tatari]] su imali svoj [[krimski kanat]], sve dok Krim nije aneksiralo [[Rusko Carstvo]] 1783. Tatari su bili izrazito neskloni carskom vladavinom, te su svojom voljom napuštali Krim u nekoliko valova iseljavanja. Kao posljedica toga, Tatari su postali manjina te je njihov udio u stanovništvu tog poluostrva smanjen na samo 34,1% do 1897. godine. Istodobno, Moskva je to područje naseljavala Rusima, Ukrajincima i drugim slavenskim narodima. Ova naseljavanja su nastavljena i tokom sovjetske vladavine.<ref>[[#Vardys|Vardys (1971)]], str. 101</ref> Tokom nacističke okupacije Krima, dio Tatara je vidio priliku da nakon 160 godina opet stekne nezavisnost od ruske vladavine. Oko 10 % krimskih Tatara služilo je u nacističkim četama. Tatarsko vijeće je čak organiziralo masovne pokolje Rusa na Krimu, u kojem je na desetke hiljada pripadnika tog naroda preminulo. Zbog toga je nakon rata Tatarima nametnuta kolektivna krivnja te su masovno deportirani u [[Uzbekistan]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-19815852| author=Robin Banerji |title=Crimea's Tatars: A fragile revival |publisher=BBC World Service |access-date=16. 1. 2019}}</ref> Uprkos tome, zanemareno je da se 25.033 krimskih Tatara borilo zajedno sa Crvenom armijom.<ref name="buckley209"/> Procjenjuje se da je najmanje 183.155 krimskih Tatara deportirano iz Krima.<ref name="pohl5"/> Dana 4. jula 1944. NKVD je objavio da je raseljavanje dovršeno.<ref>[[#Pohl|Pohl (1999)]], str. 115</ref> Međutim, nakon toga je NKVD saznao da je jedna jedinica zaboravila očistiti [[plićak Arabat]], te da je nekoliko krimskih Tatara i dalje tamo ostalo. Pošto je Staljin već obaviješten da je svaki krimski Tatar već uklonjen sa Krima, NKVD je žurno otišao u Arabat i pokupio seljake. Međutim, umjesto da organizira dodatni prijevoz vozom, NKVD ih je žurno ukrcao u teretni čamac, isplovio ga u [[Azovsko more]] — i 20. jula potopio sa stotinama krimskotatarskih civila.{{sfn|Forczyk|2014|loc=str. 114}} Zvanično tako više nije bilo nijednog krimskog Tatara na Krimu. Deportacije su nesrazmjerno obuhvatile svaku osobu krimskotatarskog porijekla, bez obzira bili oni djeca, žene, starci, pa čak i pripadnici komunističke partije ili Crvene armije. Tog ljeta, sa Krima je uklonjeno i 9.620 krimskih [[Armenci|Armenaca]], 12.420 [[Bugari|Bugara]] i 15.040 [[Pontski Grci|Grka]]. Svi su kolektivno proglašeni izdajicama i desetljećima bili "građani drugog reda" u SSSR-u.{{sfn|Sandole|Byrne|Sandole-Staroste|Senehi|2008|loc=str. 94}} U međuratnom razdoblju, pontski Grci su doživjeli mali kulturni preporod i čak tražili autonomiju u SSSR-u. Međutim, od 1930-ih postali su žrtve staljinizma i rusifikacije, te je i do 50.000 pripadnika tog naroda preminulo. Grci su također deportirani u centralnu Aziju. Kasnije, samo ih se dio vratio do obala Crnog mora.<ref>[[#Agtzidis|Agtzidis (1991)]], str. 372–381</ref> [[Sovjetska propaganda]] je pokušavala zataškati ovo raseljavanje, te tvrdila da su se krimski Tatari "odlučili odseliti dobrovoljno u centralnu Aziju".<ref>[[#Williams|Williams (2001)]], str. 401</ref> Smrtnost krimskih Tatara u tim godinama egzila je predmet rasprava: procjene navode da je mortalitet zahvatio između 20% i 40% te nacije. Počevši od 1989, oko 260.000 Tatara vratilo se u Krim, gdje su 2004. činili 12 % stanovništva.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3724881.stm |author=BBC News |title=Crimean Tatars recall mass exile |publisher=bbc.co.uk |date=18. 5. 2004 |access-date=16. 1. 2019}}</ref> Ovaj događaj neki karakteriziraju kao "[[etnocid]]", odnosno namjerno brisanje identiteta i kulture neke nacije.<ref>[[#Williams2002|Williams (2002)]], str. 357-373</ref> Tatari ovaj događaj zovu '''Sürgünlik'''. Dana 12. novembra 2015. parlament [[Ukrajina|Ukrajine]] usvojio je rezoluciju kojom je ovaj događaj priznao kao genocid te 18. maja proglasio "danom sjećanja na žrtve genocida krimskih Tatara".<ref>{{cite web |title=Ukraine's Parliament Recognizes 1944 'Genocide' Of Crimean Tatars |date=21. 1. 2016 |url=http://www.rferl.org/content/ukraine-tatar-deportation-parliament-genocide/27360343.html |publisher=[[Radio Slobodna Evropa]]}}</ref> === Kavkaz: Čečeni, Inguši, Balkari, mešketski Turci, Karačajci === {{Glavni|Operacija Čečevica}} {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 100%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:25em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" | style="text-align: left;" | Sve su nas skupili i ugurali u obližnju farmu, i tamo smo proveli noć. Nisu nam dopustili provesti našu zadnju noć u našem domu. A naše krave su nas zvale. Natjerali su nas da ih ostavimo. Bilo je kao da su plakale, kao da je to bio njihov način kako su govorili zbogom.<ref name="deportation">{{cite web | title =Remembering Stalin's deporations | author=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3509933.stm| publisher =bbc.co.uk |date=23. 2. 2004| access-date=17. 1. 2019 |language=engleski}}</ref> |- | style="text-align: left;" | — Žulpa, koja je sa 10 godina deportirana iz [[Šatoj]]a, [[Čečenija|Čečenije]] 1944. |} [[Čečeni]] su dugo vremena bili poznati po svojoj buntovnosti protiv vladavine ruskog cara, a kasnije i sovjetskog režima, što je 1940. kulminiralo [[Ustanak Hasana Israilova|ustankom Hasana Israilova]]. Iako se 17.037 Čečena borilo sa Crvenom armijom protiv [[Sile Osovine|Sila Osovine]],<ref name="buckley209">[[#Buckley|Buckley, Ruble & Hofmann (2008)]], str. 209</ref> cjelokupna nacija optužena je za suradnju sa nacistima te [[Operacija Čečevica|raseljeni iz svoje domovine februara 1944.]] [[Čečeno-Ingušetija|Čečensko-inguška autonomna republika]] je ukinuta.<ref name="Brauer">[[#Brauer|Brauer (2002)]], str. 387</ref> Vojska je cijele porodice ukrcavala u kamione. Potom su putovali 19 ili 20 dana po zimi, u prepunom vozu, bez grijanja, a samo bi povremeno dobivali hranu.<ref name="Brauer"/> U većini slučajeva, ljudi nisu ni znali da će biti raseljeni, niti gdje će biti tačno odvedeni, te nisu stoga ni imali vremena pripremiti ili prilagoditi se novoj sredini.<ref name="deportation"/> NKVD-ove procedure bile su standardne: naoružani agenti opkolili bi selo, dali porodici 15-20 minuta da se pakira, ukrcali ih na kamione odakle bi bili odvezeni do obližnje željezničke stanice gdje su ukrcani u vagone za stoku odatle su odvezeni negdje u centralnu Aziju. Sveukupno je između oktobra 1943. i marta 1944. tako deložirano oko 700.000 osoba sa [[Kavkaz]]a.<ref>[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 30</ref> Ipak, pojedini sovjetski zapovjednici su poštivali čečenske vojnike te su čak slali lažne izvještaje vlastima kako bi ih spasili od deportacija.<ref name="deportation"/> Postoje navodi da je jedan vod NKVD-a zaključio da je preteško doći kamionima do jednog zabačenog čečenskog sela na planini kako bi ih deportirali, te je stoga naredio da se 700 seljaka jednostavno živo zapali u štali. Ruski izvori žestoko osporavaju ovaj događaj (→[[Masakr u Hajbahu]]).<ref name="deportation"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Russia bans ‘historically false’ WWII movie |date=28. 5. 2014 |url=http://www.chinadailyasia.com/news/2014-05/28/content_15137352.html |publisher=China Daily Asia}}</ref> Deportacija Čečena i [[Inguši|Inguša]] je završena za samo par dana. Započela je 23. februara 1944, a Berija je već 29. februara poslao Staljinu telegram u kojem ga obavještava da je već 478.489 osoba deložirano i ukrcano u 180 vozova, uključujući 91.250 Ignuša.<ref>[[#Tishkov|Tishkov (2004)]], str. 25</ref> [[Datoteka:Operation_Lentil_(Caucasus).svg|mini|desno|250px|Karta pravaca raseljavanja naroda sa sjevernog Kavkaza po SSSR-u]] Čečeni su odvezeni u [[Akmolinska oblast|Akmolinsku oblast]], gdje su činili jednu od najvećih deportiranih grupa. Ljudi u egzilu 1946. godine činili su gotovo četvrtinu cjelokupne mjesne populacije: 136.625 od 508.000. Većinom su poslani u poljoprivredne radne logore.<ref>[[#Pohl2002|Pohl (2002)]], str. 401</ref> Prilikom dolaska do destinacija, osobe su raspoređene da rade po kolektivnim i državnim farmama. NKVD-ovi zapovjednici imali su izravnu kontrolu nad stotinama hiljada ljudi koji nisu imali nikakva prava. Svi radno sposobni morali su raditi za kupone za hranu, te im je bilo zabranjeno hodati više od tri kilometara od njihovog prebivališta. Ko god bi prekršio pravila, bio bi osuđen na 20 godina robije. Glad i epidemije bolesti doveli su do velikih muka za Čečene.<ref>[[#Tishkov|Tishkov (2004)]], str. 27</ref> Odredba Moskve iz 26. novembra 1948. osudila je Čečene i druge narode Kavkaza na trajni egzil.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 23}} Doseljenici nisu imali niti elementarni stambeni smještaj, niti po zimi niti po ljeti. Mnogi Čečeni pobunili su se protiv vlasti, te je tako samo u [[Krasnojarski kraj|Krasnojarsku]] njih 4.000 poslano u kažnjeničke logore. Oktobra 1954. pokrenuli su pobunu u mjestu 521, te su neki uspjeli pobjeći iz tog logora.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 23}} Čečenski gerilci, koji su se skrivali po nepreglednim planinama Kavkaza, tako su ovom deportacijom odsiječeni od svoje narodne baze koja ih je snabdijevala, te su tako svladani od sovjetskih vlasti.<ref>[[#Burds|Burds (2007)]], str. 267–314</ref> Broj ukupno raseljenih Čečena procjenjuje se na 387.229.<ref name="pohl5"/> Ukupno je 11.711 porodica Karačajaca i 89.901 porodica Čečena i Inguša stiglo u [[Kazahstan]], od čega je 14.460 porodica razdvojeno usred deportacija.<ref>[[#Buckley|Buckley, Ruble & Hofmann (2008)]], str. 208</ref> Živjeli su u egzilu 13 godina, sve do procesa "[[destaljinizacija|destaljinizacije]]" i obnove čečensko-inguške autonomne republike 9. januara 1957.<ref name="Brauer"/> Većina Čečena odlučila se vratiti svojoj domovini na sjevernom Kavkazu, ali je dio ostao u Kazahstanu, gdje ih je 2000. bilo oko 100.000.<ref name="Brauer"/> Čak i oni Čečeni koji su se vratili u Kavkaz, pronašli su druge narode u svojim domovima, zbog čega su morali dijeliti svoje kuće sa došljacima. Dok je trajao [[prvi čečenski rat]], čečenska delegacija je stalno podsjećivala rusku o masovnim deportacijama Čečena tokom pregovora u [[Vladikavkaz]]u 1994.<ref>[[#Tishkov|Tishkov (2004)]], str. 26</ref> Sa sjevernog Kavkaza 1944. godine raseljeni su i drugi narodi: [[mešketski Turci]], [[Balkari]]{{sfn|Pohl|1997|loc=str. 81–85}} i [[Karačajci]].{{sfn|Grannesa|1991|loc=55–68}} Inguši su se istaknuli od ostalih deportiranih naroda po tome što su pokrenuli pobunu na proljeće 1945. u [[Borovoe]], Kazahstanu, koja je krvavo ugušena od sovjetskih vlasti.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 47}} Čak i nakon rehabilitacije, Inguši su 16. januara 1973. pokrenuli demonstraciju u [[Grozni|Groznom]], jer njihova zemlja koja je pripojena [[Sjeverna Osetija|Sjevernoj Osetiji]] nije vraćena njihovoj republici.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 48}} Oko 115.000 mešketskih Turaka deportirano je iz [[Gruzijska SSR|Gruzijske SSR]] 15. novembra 1944. zbog sumnji da imaju veze sa "agentima Turske".{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 51}} Bili su zadnji narod koji je deportiran tokom drugog svjetskog rata od sovjetskih vlasti, iako nisu nikada ni optuženi za kolaboraciju sa nacistima.{{sfn|Wimbush|Wixman|1975|loc=str. 320–340}} Mešketski Turci vuku porijeklo od muslimana [[Gruzija|Gruzije]] koji su 1829. odbili preseliti se u [[Osmansko Carstvo]] nakon što je [[sporazum u Jedrenama]] taj teritorij dodijelio Ruskom Carstvu. No ti muslimani su možda sami Gruzijci koji su prešli na islam nakon dva vijeka osmanske vladavine tim područjem. Sovjetske vlasti su ih klasificirale kao "Turke", pa od 1930-ih kao "[[Azerbajdžanci|Azerbajdžance]]" samo da bi opet postali "Turci" tokom deportacije, jer se Staljin bojao da bi mogli postati "[[peta kolona]]" uz sovjetsku granicu.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 52–53}} NKVD-u je alocirano 34 miliona [[rublja]] radi provođenje ove operacije protiv mešketskih Turaka.<ref>[[#Marie|Marie (1995)]], str. 111</ref> Uz njih, raseljeno je i 8.694 [[Kurdi|Kurda]].<ref>[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 86</ref> === Azerbajdžanci === Sovjetska vlada je duže vremena negativno gledala na islamske [[Azerbajdžanci|Azerbajdžance]] koji su živjeli u [[Armenska SSR|Armenskoj SSR]]. Zbog blizine uz granicu sa Turskom, Staljin ih je smatrao potencijalnim "petokolonašima". Već je marta 1944. izgnano 608 kurdskih i azerbajdžanskih porodica koje su živjele u [[Tbilisi]]ju, u Staljinovoj rodnoj državi [[Gruzijska Sovjetska Socijalistička Republika|Gruziji]], a koji su raseljeni unutar te SSR, u regije Tsalka, Borčalu i Kazajaz (ukupno 3.240 osoba).<ref name="Dundovich85"/> Dana 10. marta 1948. Vijeće ministara SSSR-a usvojilo je puno dalekosežniju rezoluciju nazvanu "Planirane mjere za preseljenje radnika kolektivnih farmi i drugih Azerbajdžanaca iz Armenske SSR u [[Kursko-araksinska nizija|Kursko-araksinsku niziju]]." Prema ovom planu, "dobrovoljno" je raseljeno 100.000 Azerbjadžanaca iz Armenske SSR u [[Azerbajdžanska SSR|Azerbajdžansku SSR]], dok su njihovu zemlju i domove dobili Armenski doseljenici. Ova prisilna emigracija odigrala se u tri faze: 10.000 raseljenih 1948, novih 40.000 osoba 1949, te konačno 50.000 do 1950. godine.<ref name="Saparov">[[#Saparov|Saparov (2003)]], str. 179–198</ref> === Basmači === Manje deportacije nastavljene su i u 1950-ima. Tako je marta 1951. deportirano 2.795 Basmača zajedno sa njihovim porodicama iz Tadžikistana u [[Kokšetau]] u Kazahstan.<ref name="Dundovich102"/> == Kraj raseljavanja, rehabilitacija i povratak nekih naroda == [[Datoteka:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-B0628-0015-035,_Nikita_S._Chruschtschow.jpg|150px|mini|desno|[[Nikita Hruščov]]]] [[Datoteka:RIAN_archive_359290_Mikhail_Gorbachev.jpg|150px|mini|desno|Sovjetski vođe [[Nikita Hruščov]] i [[Mihail Gorbačov]] (na slici) su u 1950-ima i 1980-ima preokrenuli većinu sovjetskih deportacija]] {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 100%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:25em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" | style="text-align: left;" | ...Nijedan čovjek zdravog razuma ne može shvatiti kako je moguće smatrati cijele narode odgovorne za neprijateljske aktivnosti pojedinaca, uključujući žene, djecu, starije, komuniste i [[komsomol]]iste, i koristiti takvu masovnu represiju protiv njih.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 23}} |- | style="text-align: left;" | — Nikita Hruščov, 25. 2. 1956. |} Nakon Staljinove smrti, novi sovjetski vođa [[Nikita Hruščov]] je 1956. održao tajni govor kojim je osudio razne Staljinove zločine, uključujući i masovna raseljavanja cijelih naroda s njihovih ognjišta kao vrstu kršenja [[Lenjin]]ovih načela, čak šaljivo dodavši da su Ukrajinci izbjegli takvu sudbinu "samo zato što ih je bilo previše pa nije bilo dovoljno mjesta gdje bi ih se moglo deportirati".<ref>[[#Čubarov|Čubarov (2001.)]], str. 136</ref> Osporio je stari izgovor prema kojem su ti narodi deportirani iz straha od kolaboracije sa nacistima, pošto se većina deportacija odigrala tek nakon što je SSSR već ionako počeo dobivati u drugom svjetskom ratu.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 65}} Njegova je vlada preokrenula većinu deportacija, te su se razni narodi počeli vraćati svojim domovima. Međutim, povratnici su naišli na razne prepreke jer sovjetske vlasti nisu organizirali ili regulirali povratničke migracije. Tako je od 1956. naredne četiri godine zabilježeno masovno doseljavanje oko 500.000 Čečena u okrugu Groznog, čime se tamošnje stanovništvo udovstručilo. Pošto su se već drugi narodi doselili tamo, zabilježeni su neredi protiv čečenskih povratnika koji su čak uključivali slogane protiv Hruščova.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 24}} Ipak, tri naroda (Krimski Tatari, sovjetski Nijemci, mešketski Turci) i dalje su imali izričitu zabranu vratiti se svojim domovima. To je dovelo do aktivizma koje su sovjetske vlasti suzbijale: 1967. je tako krimskotatarski disident Femi Aliev ubijen od sovjetske policije u Kirgistanu, što je potaknulo demonstracije njegovog naroda.{{sfn|De Boer|Driessen|Verhaar|1982|loc=str. 14}} Tek nakon 1989, kada je novi sovjetski vođa [[Mihail Gorbačov]] pokrenuo dalekosežne društvene promjene SSSR-a, krimski Tatari i sovjetski Nijemci su dobili dozvolu vratiti se masovno svojim ognjištima. Krimskotatarski aktivisti su 1987. organizirali prosvjed u središtu Moskve, u blizini Kremlja.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 37}} To je nagnalo Gorbačova da osnuje komisiju o stanju krimskih Tatara. Iako je prvi zaključak komisije, koju je vodio tvrdolinijaš [[Andrej Gromiko]], bio da "nema temelja za obnovu autonomije i povratka krimskih Tatara na Krim", Gorbačov je naredio drugu komisiju koja je preporučila obnovu autonomije tog naroda.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 38}} Mešketski Turci, pak, nisu dobili dozvolu vratiti se nakon 1956. godine. Pokušali su se vratiti svojevoljno u Gruzijsku SSR iz Uzbečke SSR, samo da bi ih vlasti ponovno deportirale. Vrhovno sovjet izdao je odredbu 1968. kojom je mešketske Turke nazvao "građanima SSSR-a koji su nekada živjeli u Gruzijskoj SSR...", što je shvaćeno kao trajni egzil.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 53}} Izmijenjena etnička struktura sa značajnim brojem Rusa došljaka postala je problem nakon [[Raspad SSSR|raspada SSSR-a]], pogotovo u Gruziji, baltičkim državama i [[Čečenija|Čečeniji]]. Nezavisna Gruzija je u 1990-ima odbila dati dozvolu mešketskim Turcima na masovni povratak u regiju uz Tursku. Time su Mešketski Turci osuđeni na trajni egzil u Kazahstanu i Uzbekistanu.{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 54}} [[Datoteka:Freedom square illuminated in memory of March deportations (Tallinn, Estonia) (18108703995).jpg|mini|lijevo|225px|Svijeće u [[Talin]]u, Estonija, povodom sjećanja na godišnjicu žrtava deportacija]] Litvanija je u 1990-ima izglasala ''Zakon o odšteti'' sa posebnim člankom br. 3 koji se trebao brinuti o žrtvama sovjetskih deportacija i njihovih potomaka. Predviđao je "pomoć osobama koje su deportirane iz okupiranih baltičkih država i njihovim potomcima da se vrate u svoje zemlje u skladu sa posebnim programima repatrijacije i odštete". Članak je predviđao stvaranje fonda za povratak deportiranih osoba, te pozvao Rusku Federaciju da alocira sredstva u fond radi tog cilja. Fond je osnovan 8. novembra 2000. Latvija je procijenila da je šteta nastala od sovjetske okupacije oko 800 milijardi $. Ruska Federacija nije htjela sudjelovati u ovom zakonu.{{sfn|Ziemele|2003|loc=str. 160, 162}} Deklaracija br. 193. [[Vijeće Europe|Vijeća Europe]] januara 1996. postala je prvi i zasad jedini dokument u kojem se Ruska Federacija obvezala na barem nekakav oblik odštete deportiranim osobama. Ipak, ova je deklaracija ostala mrtvo slovo na papiru i Moskva do danas nije razvila nikakve instrumente pomoći deportiranim osobama.{{sfn|Pettai|Pettai|2014|loc=str. 290}} Iako je 21. aprila 2014. Ruska Federacija objavila odredbu "O mjerama rehabilitacije Armenaca, Bugara, Krimskih Tatara i Nijemaca i državne potpore za njihovu obnovu i razvoj",{{sfn|Visoki povjerenik za ljudska prava UN-a|26. 8. 2014|loc=str. 15}} u praksi je od 2014. ta država postupala sa krimskim Tatarima sa puno manje brige, te ju je 2016. [[Visoki povjerenik za ljudska prava UN-a]] upozorio na "zastrašivanje, zlostavljanje i uhićenja" krimskotatarskih aktivista, često pod sumnjivim optužbama.<ref>{{cite web |author=[[Visoki povjerenik za ljudska prava UN-a]] |title=Press briefing notes on Crimean Tatars |url=http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=19970&LangID=E |first2=Rupert |last2=Colville |year=17 5. 2016|ref=harv}}</ref> Posljedice ovih deportacija osjećaju se i danas, te doprinose međuetničkim napetostima i uzrokuju teritorijalne sporove.{{sfn|Tolz|1993|loc=str. 161–179}} Estonija svakog 25. marta organizira komemoracije povodom godišnjice sovjetskih deportacija iz te države marta 1949, kako bi odala počast žrtvama.<ref>{{cite web |title=Estonia to mark 66th anniversary of largest Soviet deportation |date=24. 3. 2015 |url=http://news.postimees.ee/3133171/estonia-to-mark-66th-anniversary-of-largest-soviet-deportation |publisher=postimees.ee}}</ref> Litvanija također obilježava godišnjicu deložacije svojih građana 14. juna.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lithuania marks Mourning and Hope Day commemorating Soviet mass deportations |url=http://www.15min.lt/en/article/in-lithuania/lithuania-marks-mourning-and-hope-day-commemorating-soviet-mass-deportations-525-226278 |year=14 6. 2012 |publisher=15min.lt}}</ref> Moldavija je 2013. podigla "spomenik žrtvama staljinističke represije" u [[Kišinjev]]u. Isto tako, Moldavija je osnovala "Udrugu bivših deportiranih i političkih zarobljenika" (''Asociaţia foştilor deportaţi şi deţinuţi politici''). Preko 9.000 članova udruge 2014. dobilo je po 700 [[Moldavski lej|leja]] kao oblik odštete povodom 65-te godišnjice deportacija koje se se odigrale 6. jula 1949.<ref>{{cite web |title=Deportees and political detainees to get by 700 lei |url=http://trm.md/en/social/700-de-lei-pentru-deportati-si-detinuti-politici/ |publisher=Teleradio Moldova |date=26. 6. 2014 }}{{Mrtav link}}</ref> U julu 2012, 1.800 pripadnika Kalmika zatražilo je odštetu od vlade [[Kremlj]]a jer su njihove porodice bile žrtve deportacije prije 60 godina.<ref>{{cite web |author=Jennifer Rankin| url=http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/kalmyk-victims-of-stalins-deportations-seek-compensation/462525.html| title=Kalmyk Victims of Stalin's Deportations Seek Compensation| date=24. srpnja 2012| publisher=Moscow Times| access-date=23. 11. 2012}}</ref> == Suđenja == Nekoliko osobama je suđeno zbog deportacija tokom sovjetskog razdoblja u [[Latvija|Latviji]] i Estoniji. Naznačajnije suđenje u Latviji bilo je 87-godišnjem [[Alfons Noviks|Alfonsu Noviksu]], šefu NVKD-ova latvijskog odjela od 1940. do 1953, zbog optužbe za [[genocid]] jer je deportirao 60.000 osoba. Iako je tvrdio da je "samo slijedio naredbe", 1995. je osuđen na [[doživotni zatvor]].{{sfn|Stan|2009|loc=str. 236–237}} Bivši NKVD-ov agent,84-godišnji Mihail Farbtukh, koji je skupljao "informacije o potencijalnim neprijateljima države" koji su kasnije bili deportirani, osuđen je na 7 godina zatvora.{{sfn|Stan|2009|loc=str. 236–237}} [[Nikolaj Tes]], 80-godišnjak, osuđen je 2001. za [[Zločin protiv čovječnosti|zločine protiv čovječnosti]] zbog potpisivanja naredbe za deportaciju 138 osoba u dobi od 5 mjeseci do 80 godina. Pošto je imao rusko državljanstvo, [[Ruska Federacija]] je kritizirala Latviju zbog pokretanja sudskog postupka protiv "bespomoćnog ratnog veterana" koji se "ne može držati odgovornim za djela koja se nisu smatrala ilegalnima pod sovjetskim zakonom".{{sfn|Stan|2009|loc=str. 236–237}} U Estoniji, prva presuda za sovjetske deportacije odigrala se 1999. kada su dva oficira NKVD-a, 78-godišnji Johannes Klaassepp i 80-godišnji Vasilij Beskov, svaki osuđeni na po 8 godina zatvora zbog deportacija prvo 23, a zatim još 210 osoba 1949. godine. I 79-godišnji NKVD-ov agent Mihail Neverovski je osuđen na četiri godine 1999, a 81-godišnji Jurij Karpov na osam godina.{{sfn|Stan|2009|loc=str. 236–237}} Optužen je bio i [[Arnold Meri]], i to za genocid, jer je naredio deportaciju 251 estonskog civila u sibirske logore.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7410644.stm |publisher=BBC News |title=Estonia tries Soviet war figure | date=20. 5. 2008}}</ref> Ipak, preminuo je 2009. u 89. godini, prije presude.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7978111.stm|publisher=BBC News |title=Estonian war figure laid to rest | date=2. 4. 2009}}</ref> == Filmovi == Nekoliko filmova pozabavilo se temom sovjetskih deportacija. Prvi snimljeni film o deportacijama Estonaca 1949. bio je [[art film]] ''[[Äratus]]'' koji je 1989. režirao [[Jüri Sillart]]. Litvanski režiser [[Audrius Juzėnas]] režirao je film ''[[The Excursionist]]'' iz 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lithuanian film about Soviet deportations wins prestigious Russian award |date=2. 4. 2014 |url=http://www.lithuaniatribune.com/66165/lithuanian-film-about-soviet-deportations-wins-prestigious-russian-award-201466165/ |publisher=lithuaniatribune.com |access-date=17. 1. 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160730044624/http://lithuaniatribune.com/66165/lithuanian-film-about-soviet-deportations-wins-prestigious-russian-award-201466165/ |archive-date=30. 7. 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Estonski filmaš [[Martti Helde]] režirao je 2014. film ''[[Risttuules]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=In the Crosswind: a frozen portrait of Soviet horror |author= Laurence Boyce |date=3. 10. 2014 |url=http://cineuropa.org/nw.aspx?t=newsdetail&l=en&did=264237 | publisher=cineeuropa.org}}</ref> Poljski filmaš Jagna Wright režirao je 2000. dokumentarac ''A Forgotten Odyssey - The Untold Story of 1,700,000 Poles Deported to Siberia in 1940''. Poljski režiser [[Janusz Zaorski]] režirao je 2013. cjelovečernji film ''[[Syberiada Polska]]'' o deportiranim Poljacima u Sibiru.<ref>{{cite web |title=Poland's first feature film on families deported to Siberia|publisher=The Siberian Times |date=2. 3. 2013 |url=http://siberiantimes.com/home/sent-to-siberia/polands-first-feature-film-on-families-deported-to-siberia/}}</ref> Latvijski filmaš [[Viestur Kairiss]] režirao je 2015. film ''[[The Chronicles of Melanie]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Remembering 1941: how the Baltic states are confronting their deportation trauma on film |date=27. 5. 2015 |url=http://calvertjournal.com/articles/show/4159/deportation-films-soviet-baltic-states |publisher=The Calvert Journal}}</ref> Hussein Erkenov, [[Karačajci|karačajski]] filmaš, režirao je 2013. film ''[[Prikazano Zabyt]]'' o deportacijama Čečenaca 1944.<ref>{{cite web |title=Controversy Emerges Insides Russia Over Chechen Film Depicting 1944 Deportations |url=http://www.jamestown.org/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=42531&no_cache=1#.VsxuaX3NzIU |date=20. 6. 2014 |publisher=jamestown.org |author=Mairbek Vatchagaev}}</ref> == Broj deportiranih i umrlih == [[Datoteka:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-146-1542-10A,_Russland-Mitte,_Zivilisten_vor_G%C3%BCterwagen.jpg|mini|desno|250px|Ukrcavanje civila u sovjetske vagone 1942.]] J. Otto Pohl procjenjuje da je Staljinov režim deportirao 3.266.340 ljudi iz njihovih domova u posebna naselja širom SSSR-a od 1941. do 1948, a da je između 1941. i 1950. preminulo više od 377.554 ljudi u egzilu.<ref>[[#Pohl|Pohl (1999)]], str. 2</ref> Elena Dundovich, Francesca Gori i Emanuela Guercetti navode da je sveukupno ne manje od 6.015.000 osoba deportirano ili prisilno raseljeno od 1920. do 1952. u SSSR-u. Najviše je bilo u periodu od 1930–1931. (2,05 miliona žrtava deportacije) i 1941–1942. (1,2 miliona žrtava deportacije).<ref name="Dundovich76">[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 76</ref> Cjelokupni [[mortalitet]] predmet je rasprava. Već je i sam transport u zapečaćenim vagonima za stoku doveo do prekomjernih smrti među deportiranim nacijama: tako je u prijevozu umrlo najmanje 7.889 Krimskih Tatara (5% tog naroda), 3.494 Balkira (8% tog naroda) i 1.220 Kalmika (1,3% tog naroda).{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 7–8}} Narednih godina, preminulo je na stotine hiljada dodatnih osoba zbog toga što ti zabačeni krajevi nisu mogli nahraniti tako velik priljev ljudi, dok su hladnoća, manjak medicinske njege i surovi pustinjski ili zimski uslovi centralne Azije i Sibira odnijeli dodatan broj života. Djelomična dokumentacija NKVD-ovih arhiva ukazuje na razmjere smrtnosti. Dana 1. jula 1948, NKVD je tako zabilježio da je broj preminulih Karačajaca, Čečena, Inguša i Balkara 144.704, ili 23,7% njihove populacije.<ref name="buckley207">[[#Buckley|Buckley, Ruble & Hofmann (2008)]], str. 207</ref> Do 1949, među krimskim Tatarima, Grcima, [[Armenci]]ma i [[Bugari]]ma, zabilježeno je 44.887 smrti, ili 19,6% ukupne populacije; 16.594 Kalmika, ili 17,4% ukupne populacije; 14.895 smrti među Kurdima i mešketskim Turcima ili 14,6% ukupne populacije.<ref name="buckley207"/> Procjenjuje se da je oko 40.000 Korejaca umrlo uslijed deportacija 1937.{{sfn|Travis|2010|loc=str. 334}} Prema NKVD-ovoj arhivi, zabilježeno je uz to i 10.557 mrtvih od 140.000 deportiranih osoba iz istočne Poljske 1940. ili tokom napornog puta ili odmah tokom dolaska na odredište, odnosno preko 7% u toj grupi.<ref>[[#Ther|Ther (2014)]], str. 117</ref> Historičar [[Timothy Snyder]] u svojoj statistici navodi da je stopa smrtnosti deportiranih Poljaka u SSSR-u periodu 1939–1941 bila 3% prilikom fizičkog transporta, te 6% u prvoj godini egzila.<ref>[[#Snyder|Snyder (2007)]], str. 177</ref> Kenneth Christie i Robert Cribb procjenjuju da je 55.000 ljudi umrlo uslijed deportacija iz [[Baltičke države|baltičkih država]].{{sfn|Christie|Cribb|2003}} Demograf D.M. Ediev je procijenio da je bilo 228.800 prekomjernih smrti među povolškim Nijemcima od 1942. do 1952. — odnosno 19,2% ukupnog broja doseljenika.<ref name="buckley207"/> Hannibal Travis smatra da je i do 300.000 povolških Nijemaca preminulo.{{sfn|Travis|2010|loc=str. 334}} Tome treba pridodati i nepoznat broj preminulih deportiranih kulaka. Mortalitet među deportiranim baltičkim doseljenicima posebnih nastambi bio je pet puta veći od broja rođenih 1945—1950. Tako je 1951. rođeno 918 osoba među tom grupom, dok je 3.871 umrlo.<ref>[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996)]], str. 168</ref> Sveukupno, prema Edievinim procjenama, od 2.303.760 raseljenih osoba, umrlo je 450.000, odnosno jedan od petero što znači da je bila velika stopa smrtnosti. NKVD je 1945. zabilježio 89.659 smrti od 2.230.500 deportiranih te godine, odnosno 4% ukupne populacije. Usporedbe radi, čak niti na vrhuncu drugog svjetskog rata, smrtnost u SSSR-u nije prešla brojku od 2,4% godišnje.<ref name="buckley207"/> Ukupan broj poginulih zbog posljedica deportacija je stoga i dalje predmet procjena: brojke sveukupno sežu od najmanje '''800.000''',<ref name="Dowling930"/> preko 1.000.000, dok visoke procjene idu i do '''1.500.000 poginulih'''.{{Sfn|Geyer|Fitzpatrick|2009|loc=str. 176}} {| class="wikitable" |- bgcolor="#cccccc" ! Nacionalnost/grupa ! Period raseljavanja ! Broj prisilno<br>raseljenih ! Odredište raseljenih ! Povratak domovima |- | [[Kulaci]] || [[1930]]–1952. || 973.693<ref name="bugai190">[[#Bugai|Bugai (1996.)]], str. 190</ref> || [[Ural]], sjeverna [[Rusija]], sjeverni Kavkaz || 1954. |- | [[Poljaci]] || 1930–[[1936]]. || 120.000<ref name="Piotrowski2">[[#Piotrowski|Piotrowski (2004.)]], str. 2</ref> || [[Ural]], sjeverna [[Rusija]], Sibir || nepoznato |- | [[Korejci]] || 21. 8. – 25. 10. [[1937]]. || 171.781<ref name="pohl5"/> || [[Kazahstan]], [[Uzbekistan]] || 1954. |- | [[Azerbejdžanci]], [[Perzijanci]], [[Kurdi]], [[Asirijci]] ||19. 1. 1938.|| 6.000<ref>[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 77</ref> || južni Kazahstan || 1954. |- | [[Poljaci]], [[Jevreji]] || 1940–[[1941]]. || 320.000<ref name="expatica"/>–380.000<ref name="UNHCR1996"/> || sjeverni Sibir|| 1946. |- | [[Finci]] || [[1940]]–1945. || 420.000<ref name="Vijeće Europe"/> || Finska, Kazahstan || nikada |- | [[Estonci]], [[Latvijci]], [[Litvanci]] || 1941. i 1944—1949. || 203.590<ref name="Dundovich"/>–209.000<ref name="Vijeće Europe"/> || Kazahstan, Sibir || 1956. |- | [[Povolški Nijemci]], [[sovjetski Nijemci]] || 3. 9. – 15. 10. 1941. i 1945. || 846.340<ref name="Buckley204"/>–1.209.430<ref>[[#Pohl|Pohl (1999)]], str. 42</ref> || Kazahstan, [[Sibir]] || 1980-e |- | [[Karačajci]] || 6. 11. [[1943]]. || 69.267<ref name="pohl5"/> || Kazahstan, [[Kirgistan]] || 1956. |- | [[Kalmici]] || 28. 12. – 29. 12. 1943. || 93.139<ref name="pohl5"/> || Sibir, Kazahstan || 1956. |- | [[Poljaci]] || januar 1944. || 50.000<ref name="Piotrowski2"/> || Sjeverna [[Rusija]], Sibir || nepoznato |- | [[Čečeni]] || 23. 2. – 29. 2. 1944. || 387.229<ref name="Buckley204"/> || Kazahstan, Kirgistan || 1956. |- | [[Inguši]] || 23. 2. – 29. 2. 1944. || 91.250<ref name="Buckley204"/>–134.000<ref name="UNHCR1996"/> || Kazahstan, Kirgistan || 1956. |- | [[Balkari]] || 8. 3. – 9. 3. [[1944]]. || 37.713<ref name="Buckley204">[[#Buckley|Buckley, Ruble & Hofmann (2008)]], str. 204</ref>–40.900{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 7–8}} || Kazahstan, Kirgistan || 1956. |- | [[Azerbejdžanci]], [[Kurdi]] || mart 1944. || 3.240<ref name="Dundovich85">[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 85</ref> || [[Gruzija]] || 1954. |- | [[Krimski Tatari]] || 18. 5. – 20. 5. 1944. || 183.155<ref name="pohl5"/>–191.044{{sfn|Garrard|Healicon|1993|loc=str. 167}} || Uzbekistan, Kazahstan, Kirgistan || 1989. |- | Krimski [[Grci]] || 27. 6. – 28. 6. 1944. || 15.040{{sfn|Sandole|Byrne|Sandole-Staroste|Senehi|2008|loc=str. 94}} || Uzbekistan, Kazahstan, Kirgistan || 1956. |- | Krimski [[Armenci]] || 27. 6. – 28. 6. 1944. || 9.620{{sfn|Sandole|Byrne|Sandole-Staroste|Senehi|2008|loc=str. 94}} || Uzbekistan, Kazahstan, Kirgistan || 1956. |- | Krimski [[Bugari]] || 27. 6. – 28. 6. 1944. || 12.420{{sfn|Sandole|Byrne|Sandole-Staroste|Senehi|2008|loc=str. 94}} || Uzbekistan, Kazahstan, Kirgistan || 1956 |- | [[Mešketski Turci]], [[Kurdi]] i [[Hemšili]] || 15. 11. – 26. 11. 1944. || 94.955<ref name="pohl5">[[#Pohl|Pohl (1999)]], str. 5</ref>–115.000{{sfn|Human Rights Watch|1991|loc=str. 51}} || [[Uzbekistan]], Kazahstan, Kirgistan || nikada |- | Poljaci || 1944–1946. || 1.517.982{{sfn|Ther|1996|loc=str. 779–805}}|| [[Poljska]]|| – |- | [[Japanci]] (na [[Sahalin]]u) || 1947–1949. || 278.000<ref name="Itoh">[[#Itoh|Itoh (2010)]], str. 43</ref> || [[Japan]] || nikada |- | [[Azerbejdžanci]] || 1948–1951. || 100.000<ref name="Saparov"/> || [[Azerbajdžan]] || 1954. |- | [[Moldavci]] || 1949. || 36.000<ref name="UNHCR1996"/> || Istočni Sibir || 1956. |- | Crnomorski [[Grci]] || 1949. || 36.000<ref name="UNHCR1996"/> || Kazahstan || 1956. |- | Basmači [[Tadžikistan]]a || 1951. || 2.795<ref name="Dundovich102">[[#Dundovich|Dundovich, Gori & Guercetti (2003)]], str. 102</ref> || Kazahstan || 1956. |- | '''Ukupno''' || '''1930–1952.''' || '''6.079.209–6.581.580'''|| || |- |} == Također pogledajte == *[[Čerkesko muhadžirstvo]] *[[Ubihi]] == Reference == {{refspisak|3}} == Literatura == === Knjige === {{Refbegin|2}} * {{cite book|ref=Buckley|title=Migration, Homeland, and Belonging in Eurasia|first1=Cynthia J.|last1= Buckley |first2= Blair A. |last2=Ruble |first3= Erin Trouth|last3= Hofmann|publisher=Woodrow Wilson Center Press|year=2008 |oclc=474260740 |isbn=0801890756}} * {{cite book |last=Bugai|first=Nikolaj Feodorovič |title= The Deportation of Peoples in: The Soviet Union| year=1996 |publisher=Nova Publishers |location=Commack, New York |isbn=9781560723714|oclc=493654789| ref=Bugai}} * {{cite book|last1=Christie|last2=Cribb|year=2003|title=Historical Injustice and Democratic Transition in Eastern Asia and Northern Europe: Ghosts at the Table of Democracy|first1=Kenneth |first2=Robert |publisher=Routledge |isbn=1135789681, 9781135789688|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=gghukpfrRdAC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Historical+Injustice+and+Democratic+Transition+in+Eastern+Asia+and+Northern&hl=hr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiEg572rLnNAhVHiRoKHYDLAHUQ6AEIHjAA#v=onepage&q=55%2C000&f=false|ref=harv}} * {{cite book| ref=Čubarov| last=Čubarov| first=Aleksandar| title=Russia's Bitter Path to Modernity: A History of the Soviet and Post-Soviet Eras| year=2001| isbn=9780826413505| publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group| url=https://archive.org/details/russiasbitterpat0000chub}} * {{cite book|last1=De Boer|title=Biographical Dictionary of Dissidents in the Soviet Union: 1956 - 1975|first1=S. P.|first2=Evert J. |last2=Driessen|first3= Hendrik L.|last3= Verhaar|publisher=BRILL|year=1982|isbn=9024725380|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=1IQzecjGQX0C&pg=PA14&dq=femi+aliev&hl=hr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjc6IucqsjNAhWD1xoKHQjqBsAQ6AEIGTAA#v=onepage&q=femi%20aliev&f=false|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|ref=Dowling|title=Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond |first=Timothy C. |last=Dowling|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2014|isbn=1598849484, 9781598849486|oclc=897907100}} * {{cite book|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=X2FGqiDKFysC&pg=PA100&dq=estonia+lithuania+letonia+000+deported&hl=hr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiasMqpzLPJAhVE1iwKHU2_AvgQ6AEIXDAJ#v=onepage&q=estonia%20lithuania%20letonia%20000%20deported&f=false|ref=Dundovich|title=Reflections on the Gulag: With a Documentary Index on the Italian Victims of Repression in the USSR, Opseg 37|first1=Elena|last1=Dundovich|first2= Francesca |last2=Gori|first3= Emanuela |last3=Guercetti|publisher=Feltrinelli Editore|year=2003|oclc=849009068|isbn=880799058X, 9788807990588}} *{{cite book|last=Forczyk|year=2014|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=0M7vCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT313&dq=crimean+tatars+arabat&hl=hr&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=crimean%20tatars%20arabat&f=false|title=Where the Iron Crosses Grow: The Crimea 1941–44|first=Robert |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=1782009760, 9781782009764|oclc=937640692|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|last1=Garrard|last2=Healicon|year=1993|title=World War 2 and the Soviet People: Selected Papers from the Fourth World Congress for Soviet and East European Studies|first1=John|first2= Alison|publisher=[[Springer]]|isbn=134922796X, 9781349227969|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=6kivCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA167&dq=crimea+228,392&hl=hr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi888nohfDMAhWFA5oKHQk6BlUQ6AEIIzAA#v=onepage&q=crimea%20228%2C392&f=false|oclc=30408834 |ref=harv}} * {{cite book|title=Beyond Totalitarianism: Stalinism and Nazism Compared|first1=Michael|last1=Geyer|first2=Sheila|last2=Fitzpatrick|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2009|isbn=9780521897969|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|ref=Glazer| title=Ethnicity: Theory and Experience, Izd. 109 |first1=Nathan |last1=Glazer|first2=Daniel Patrick|last2= Moynihan |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]]|year=1975|isbn=0674268563, 978067426856}} * {{cite book |last1=Hiden |first1=Johan |last2=Salmon |first2=Patrick |title=The Baltic Nations and Europe |edition=Revidirano |year=1994 |origyear=1991 |publisher=Longman |location=Harlow, Engleska |isbn=0-582-25650-X |oclc=894611646 |ref=HidenSalmon1994 |url=https://archive.org/details/balticnationseur00hide }} * {{cite book|ref=Itoh|last=Itoh|url= https://books.google.hr/books?id=hbjHAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&dq=soviet+japanese+repatriate+sakhalin&hl=hr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi13rr7vsrNAhWCnRoKHV01ABAQ6AEIVjAH#v=onepage&q=soviet%20japanese%20repatriate%20sakhalin&f=false|title=Japanese War Orphans in Manchuria: Forgotten Victims of World War II|first=M. |publisher=[[Springer]]|year=2010|isbn=0230106366, 9780230106369}} * {{cite book|ref=Marie|last=Marie|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=9TuW0Le6mGEC&pg=PA111&dq=d%C3%A9portation+sovi%C3%A9tique+000&hl=hr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiE-4nA38PNAhWDcBoKHVDJA0gQ6AEIGTAA#v=onepage&q=d%C3%A9portation%20sovi%C3%A9tique%20000&f=false| title=Les peuples déportés d'Union soviétique - Opseg 81 |first=Jean-Jacques |publisher=Editions Complexe|year=1995|isbn=2870275986, 9782870275986| oclc=797102205|language=fr}} * {{cite book|ref=McColl & Robbers| last1=McColl |last2=Robbers|first1=R.W.| first2=Gerhard| year=2005| title=Encyclopedia of World Geography, Opseg 1 - Facts on File library of world geography| publisher=Infobase Publishing| isbn=9780816072293|oclc= 58431770 }} * {{cite book| ref=Mukhina| title=The Germans of the Soviet Union|first=Irina |last=Mukhina|publisher=Routledge|year=2007|isbn=1134134029, 9781134134021|oclc=942154307}} * {{cite book |ref=Petersen| title=Resistance and rebellion: lessons from Eastern Europe |last=Petersen |first=Roger Dale |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2001|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=0-521-77000-9 |oclc= 56340371 }} * {{cite book|last1=Pettai|last2=Pettai|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=WD-iBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA290&dq=soviet+deportation+russia+compensation&hl=hr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHzLXItsXNAhWC6xoKHVd0DdcQ6AEIMTAC#v=onepage&q=soviet%20deportation%20russia%20compensation&f=false| title=Transitional and Retrospective Justice in the Baltic States|first1=Eva-Clarita |first2=Vello |publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2014|isbn=1107049490, 9781107049499|oclc=897881698 |ref=harv}} * {{cite book |last=Piotrowski |first=Tadeusz | ref= Piotrowski | title= The Polish Deportees of World War II: Recollections of Removal to the Soviet Union and Dispersal Throughout the World | year=2004 |publisher=[[McFarland]] |location=Sjeverna Karolina|isbn= 9780786432585 |oclc=54542904 }} * {{cite book |last=Piotrowski |first=Tadeusz | ref= Piotrowski | title= Poland's Holocaust: Ethnic Strife, Collaboration With Occupying Forces and Genocide in the Second Republic, 1918-1947 | year=2007 |publisher=[[McFarland]] |location=Sjeverna Karolina|isbn= 9780786429134 |oclc=37195289}} * {{cite book |last=Pohl |first=J. Otto |title= Ethnic Cleansing in the Ussr, 1937-1949| year=1999 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |location=Westport |isbn=9780313309212||oclc=185706053|url=https://books.google.hr/books?hl=hr&id=b9VoAAAAMAAJ&dq=otto+pohl+Ethnic+Cleansing+in+the+Ussr+387%2C229&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=91%2C250+germans| ref=Pohl}} * {{cite book|last=Polian|first=Pavel|authorlink=Pavel Polian| ref=Polian| title=Against Their Will: The History and Geography of Forced Migrations in the USSR| location=Budimpešta| year=2004| publisher=[[Central European University Press]]| isbn=9789639241688}} * {{cite book|last1=Sandole|last2=Byrne|last3=Sandole-Staroste|last4=Senehi|title=Handbook of Conflict Analysis and Resolution|first1=Dennis J.D.|first2=Sean |first3=Ingrid |first4=Jessica |publisher=[[Routledge]]|year=2008|oclc=907001072|isbn=113407963X, 9781134079636|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=sWAEmN5u9U4C&pg=PA94&dq=crimea+228,392&hl=hr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi888nohfDMAhWFA5oKHQk6BlUQ6AEIODAD#v=onepage&q=crimea%20228%2C392&f=false |ref=harv}} * {{cite book|ref=Schwartz| url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=EcvpBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA522&dq=sowjetische+deportationen+000+tote&hl=hr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6g8G_p8PNAhVCMBoKHaOQCdIQ6AEIGTAA#v=onepage&q=sowjetische%20deportationen%20000%20tote&f=false| title=Ethnische "Säuberungen" in der Moderne: Globale Wechselwirkungen nationalistischer und rassistischer Gewaltpolitik im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert |first=Michael |last=Schwartz|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|year=2013|isbn=3486721429, 9783486721423|oclc=837499520| language=de}} * {{cite book| ref=Snyder|last=Snyder|authorlink=Timothy Snyder|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=ibioxgONKIIC&pg=PA177&dq=timothy+snyder+poles+6+percent+soviet+deportation&hl=hr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiXoZ_-6MPNAhVMVxoKHSG6CG8Q6AEIGTAA#v=onepage&q=timothy%20snyder%20poles%206%20percent%20soviet%20deportation&f=false| title=Sketches from a Secret War: A Polish Artist's Mission to Liberate Soviet Ukraine|first=Timothy |publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|year=2007|isbn=0300125992, 9780300125993|oclc= 154689054 }} * {{cite book|last=Stan|title=Transitional Justice in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union: Reckoning with the Communist Past|first= Lavinia |publisher=[[Routledge]]|year=2009|isbn=1135970998, 9781135970994|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|last=Ther|ref=Ther|title=The Dark Side of Nation-States: Ethnic Cleansing in Modern Europe - Opseg 19 |first= Philipp|publisher=Berghahn Books|year=2014 |isbn=1782383034, 9781782383031 |oclc=855043014}} *{{cite book|last=Tishkov|ref=Tishkov|title=Chechnya: Life in a War-Torn Society - Opseg 6|first=Valery |publisher=[[University of California Press]]|year=2004|isbn=0520930207, 9780520930209}} * {{cite book|last=Travis|year=2010|url=https://books.google.hr/books?hl=hr&id=kd8lAQAAMAAJ&dq=crimean+tatars+estimates+dead&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=40-80%2C000|title=Genocide in the Middle East: The Ottoman Empire, Iraq, and Sudan|first=Hannibal |publisher=Carolina Academic Press|isbn=1594604363, 9781594604362|oclc=897959409|ref=harv}} *{{cite book|title=The Crimean Tatars: The Diaspora Experience and the Forging of a Nation - Opseg 2 |first=Brian Glyn |ref=Williams|last=Williams| publisher=BRILL|year=2001 |oclc=46835306 |isbn=9004121226 }} * {{cite book|last=Ziemele|year=2003|title=Baltic Yearbook of International Law|first=Ineta |publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers|isbn=9004137467 |oclc= 614462004 |ref=harv}} {{refend}} === Naučni časopisi === {{refbegin|2}} * {{cite journal|ref=Agtzidis|last=Agtzidis|first=Vlasis|title=The Persecution of Pontic Greeks in the Soviet Union|journal=Journal of Refugee Studies |year=1991|volume= 4 |issue=4|doi= 10.1093/jrs/4.4.372}} *{{cite journal|last=Brauer|journal=[[Journal of Genocide Research]]|volume= 4|issue= 3|year=2002|title=Chechens and the survival of their cultural identity in exile| doi=10.1080/14623520220151970|first=Birgit }} *{{cite journal|ref=Burds|title=The Soviet War against `Fifth Columnists': The Case of Chechnya, 1942—4| first=Jeffrey| last=Burd|doi= 10.1177/0022009407075545|volume=42|issue=2|year=2007|journal=Journal of Contemporary History |jstor=30036445}} *{{cite journal|ref=Chetyrova|title=The Idea of Labor Among Deported Kalmyks: Kalmyk Resilience Through Celebration in the Gulag|first=Lyubov B. |last=Chetyrova|journal=Mongolian Studies|volume=33| issue=1|year=2011|doi=|jstor=43194557}} *{{cite journal|last=Gelb|year=1995|first=Michael|journal=[[The Russian Review]]|volume=54|issue=3|title=An Early Soviet Ethnic Deportation: The Far-Eastern Koreans|jstor=131438|doi=10.2307/131438|ref=harv}} *{{cite journal|last=Grannesa|journal=Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs|volume= 12|issue= 1|year=1991|title=The Soviet deportation in 1943 of the Karachays: a Turkic Muslim people of North Caucasus|doi=10.1080/02666959108716187|first=Alf |ref=harv}} * {{cite journal|last=Iglicka|first=Krystyna|title=Are They Fellow Countrymen or Not? The Migration of Ethnic Poles from Kazakhstan to Poland|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-migration-review_winter-1998_32_4/page/995|journal=International Migration Review|volume=32|number=4|year=1998|pages=995–1014|jstor=2547669|ref=harv}} * {{cite journal|last=Kaznelson|year=2008|journal=[[Europe-Asia Studies]]|volume= 59|issue= 7 |title=Remembering the Soviet State: Kulak children and dekulakisation| doi=10.1080/09668130701607136|first=Michael|jstor=20451433 |ref=harv}} *{{cite journal|last=Klimkova|first=Oxana|title=Special Settlements in Soviet Russia in the 1930s-50s|journal=Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History|volume=8|issue= 1|year=2007 |doi= 10.1353/kri.2007.0009|ref=harv}} *{{cite journal|last=Kostiainen|first=Auvo|year=1996|title=Genocide in soviet Karelia: Stalin's terror and the Finns of soviet Karelia|journal= Scandinavian Journal of History|volume=21|issue=4|doi=10.1080/03468759608579334| ref=harv}} *{{cite journal|last=Kreindlera| journal=[[Soviet Studies]]|volume= 38|issue= 3|year=1986|title=The soviet deported nationalities: A summary and an update|doi=10.1080/09668138608411648|first=Isabelle|jstor=151700 |ref=harv}} *{{cite journal|last=Lebedeva|year=2007|first=N.S.| doi=10.1080/13523270008415428|title=The deportation of the polish population to the USSR, 1939–41| publisher=Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics|volume=16|issue=1, 2| ref=harv}} *{{cite journal|last=Matley|title=The Dispersal of the Ingrian Finns|first= Ian M. |journal=[[Slavic Review]]|year=1979| volume=38|issue=1 |doi=10.2307/2497223 |jstor=2497223|ref=harv}} *{{cite journal|last=Pohl|first=Otto J.| title=Uprooted from the Caucasus|journal=Quadrant|volume= 41| issue= 7-8 |year=1997|url=https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=042864076098870;res=IELLCC|issn=0033-5002|ref=harv }} *{{cite journal|ref=Pohl2002|journal=Journal of Genocide Research|volume=4|issue= 3|year=2002|title="It cannot be that our graves will be here": The survival of Chechen and Ingush deportees in Kazakhstan, 1944-1957|doi=10.1080/14623520220151989|first=Michaela|last= Pohl}} *{{cite journal|ref=Richardson|journal=Journal of Genocide Research|volume= 4|issue= 3|year=2010|title=Stalinist terror and the Kalmyks' national revival: A cultural and historical perspective|doi=10.1080/14623520220152005|author=Richardson, Curtis}} * {{cite journal|ref=Statiev|journal=[[Journal of Strategic Studies]]|volume= 28|issue= 6|year=2005|title=Motivations and Goals of Soviet Deportations in the Western Borderlands|doi=10.1080/01402390500441123|first=Alexander |last=Statiev}} * {{cite journal |ref=Strods |author=Strods, Heinrihs |authorlink= |coauthors=Kott, Matthew |year=2002 |title=The File on Operation 'Priboi': A Re-Assessment of the Mass Deportations of 1949 |journal=[[Journal of Baltic Studies]] |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages= |url=|doi=10.1080/01629770100000191| jstor=43212456 }} * {{cite journal| last=Ther|year=1996| first=Philipp| title=The Integration of Expellees in Germany and Poland after World War II: A Historical Reassessment| journal=[[Slavic Review]]| volume=55|doi= 10.2307/2501238|jstor=2501238| ref=harv}} * {{cite journal|last=Tolz|year=1993|first=Vera|title=New Information about the Deportation of Ethnic Groups in the USSR during World War 2|doi=10.1007/978-1-349-22796-9_9|publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]]|ref=harv}} * {{cite journal|last=Vardys|title=The Case of the Crimean Tartars|first=V. Stanley |ref=Vardys|journal=[[The Russian Review]]|volume=30|issue= 2|year=1971|doi=10.2307/127890|jstor=127890}} * {{cite journal|ref=Viola|last=Viola|title=The Other Archipelago: Kulak Deportations to the North in 1930|first=Lynne |journal=[[Slavic Review]]|volume= 60|issue=4| year=2001|doi=10.2307/2697493|jstor=2697493}} * {{cite journal|title=Cannibal Island: Death in a Siberian Gulag. Human Rights and Crimes Against Humanity |first1=Nicolas |last1=Werth|first2= Jan T.|authorlink2=Jan T. Gross|last2= Gross|first3= Steven|last3= Rendall|journal=[[The Slavonic and East European Review]]|volume= 88|issue= 4 |year=2010|jstor=41061936|ref=harv}} * {{cite journal|last=Williams|ref=Williams2002|first=Brian Glyn|authorlink=Brian Glyn Williams|journal=Journal of Genocide Research|volume= 4|issue= 3|year=2002|title=Hidden ethnocide in the Soviet Muslim borderlands: The ethnic cleansing of the Crimean Tatars|doi=10.1080/14623520220151952}} * {{cite journal|last1=Wimbush|last2=Wixman|first1=S. Enders|first2=Ronald|title=The Meskhetian Turks: A New Voice in Soviet Central Asia|journal=Canadian Slavonic Papers / Revue Canadienne des Slavistes| volume= 17|issue=2/3 |year=1975|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]|jstor=40866873|ref=harv}} {{refend}} === Ostali izvori === {{refbegin|2}} * {{cite journal|last=Barenberg|first=Alan|year=2008|url=https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-1638264931/cannibal-island-death-in-a-siberian-gulag|title=Cannibal Island: Death in a Siberian Gulag|journal=Canadian Slavonic Papers|volume=50|ref=harv}} * {{cite book|ref=Saparov|title=The alteration of place names and construction of national identity in Soviet Armenia|first=Arseny |last=Saparov|url=http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_REVUE=CMR&ID_NUMPUBLIE=CMR_441&ID_ARTICLE=CMR_441_0179|year=2003|volume=44|publisher=Cahiers du monde russe|issn=1252-6576}} * {{cite web|last=Human Rights Watch| year=1991| url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/pdfs/u/ussr/ussr.919/usssr919full.pdf| title=''"Punished Peoples" of the Soviet Union: The Continuing Legacy of Stalin's Deportation''s|ref=harv}} *{{smallcaps|[[Vijeće Europe]]}} (2006) {{cite book | ref=Vijeće Europe|publisher=|location=Strasbourg| url= http://books.google.hr/books?id=sE67dG7WJWUC&pg=PA157&dq=soviet+deported+000+baltic&hl=hr&sa=X&ei=Y7ufUPiDI5CZhQe8n4DQCA&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false |year= |title=Parliamentary Assembly, Working Papers: Ordinary Session|isbn=9789287160270}} *{{smallcaps|[[Organizacija za ekonomsku suradnju i razvoj]]}} (2001) {{cite book | ref=OESS|url=http://books.google.hr/books?id=I7mRqtLWcsAC&dq=soviet+deported+000+baltic&hl=hr&source=gbs_navlinks_s| title=Reviews of National Policies for Education Reviews of National Policies for Education: Latvia 2001| location=Pariz| publisher= | isbn=9789264192478 }} * {{cite web|last=Visoki povjerenik za ljudska prava UN-a|year=26 8. 2014|title=''Report of the Special Rapporteur on minority issues, Rita Izsák - Addendum - Mission to Ukraine''|url=http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/IEMinorities/A.HRC.28_MissionUkraine.pdf|ref=harv}} {{Refend}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{commonscat|Deportations to Siberia}} {{Refbegin}} * {{smallcaps|Silvija i Peters Vecrumba}} (2006) {{cite web|url=http://latvians.com/index.php?en/CFBH/TheseNamesAccuse/AThNA-00-OurFamilies.ssi |title=Deportacije Latvijaca u Sovjetskom Savezu |language=engleski |access-date=14. 1. 2019}} * {{smallcaps|Silvija i Peters Vecrumba}} {{cite web|url=http://latvians.com/index.php?en/CFBH/TheseNamesAccuse/AThNA-08-Appendix-1.ssi |title=These Names Accuse, Latvian National Foundation, second edition, 1982 |language=engleski |access-date=14. 1. 2019}} * {{smallcaps|Rein Taagepera}} (1980) {{cite journal |title=Soviet collectivization of Estonian agriculture: The deportation phase |page=379-397 |journal=Soviet Studies|year= |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09668138008411308?journalCode=ceas19 |doi=10.1080/09668138008411308 |volume=32 |issue=3}} * {{smallcaps|[[Kongresna biblioteka]]}} (22. 7. 2010) {{cite web|url=http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/depo.html |title=Revelations from the Russian Archives: DEPORTATIONS |language=engleski |access-date=14. 1. 2019}} *{{smallcaps|Asya Pereltsvaig}} (2013) {{cite web|url=http://www.languagesoftheworld.info/russia-ukraine-and-the-caucasus/stalins-ethnic-deportations-gerrymandered-ethnic-map.html |title=Stalin’s Ethnic Deportations—and the Gerrymandered Ethnic Map |language=engleski |access-date=14. 1. 2019}} {{refend}} {{Sovjetski ratni zločini}} {{Genocid}} [[Kategorija:1930-e]] [[Kategorija:1940-e]] [[Kategorija:1950-e]] [[Kategorija:Etničko čišćenje]] [[Kategorija:Kulturološka asimilacija]] [[Kategorija:Historija Sovjetskog Saveza]] [[Kategorija:Historija Rusije]] [[Kategorija:Historija Poljske]] [[Kategorija:Historija Estonije]] [[Kategorija:Historija Latvije]] [[Kategorija:Historija Litvanije]] [[Kategorija:Historija Ukrajine]] [[Kategorija:Historija Kazahstana]] [[Kategorija:Historija Rumunije]] [[Kategorija:Staljinizam]] [[Kategorija:Sovjetski ratni zločini]] [[Kategorija:Deportacije]] [[Kategorija:Progoni]] [[Kategorija:Nijemci]] c01740m5li92lwoluwhe79ipvfnhh8g 0 451429 3426976 3408420 2022-08-01T21:37:03Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 2 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Queer Sarajevo Festival''' je bio prvi javni [[queer]] festival u Bosni i Hercegovini organizovan od strane Udruženja Q, u septembru 2008. godine u Sarajevu.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CPRT-111SPRT62930/pdf/CPRT-111SPRT62930.pdf|title=Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2008 Vol.1|last=|first=|publisher=Government Printing Office|year=2010|isbn=9780160875151|location=|pages=1252|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kajinić|first=Sanja|date=Spring 2010|title=“Battle for Sarajevo” as “Metropolis”: Closure of the First Queer Sarajevo Festival|url=https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/aeer/article/download/654/747|journal=Anthropology of East Europe Review|type=PDF|volume=28(1)|pages=62, 63|via=Scholar works}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-bosnia-violence-gays-top1/young-men-attack-gay-festival-in-bosnia-idUKTRE48N8PY20080924|title=Young men attack gay festival in Bosnia|last=Editorial|first=Reuters|date=24. 9. 2008|work=U.K. Reuters|access-date=12. 3. 2018|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|language=en-GB}}</ref> Festival je zapamćen kao prvo javno istupanje LGBTIQ osoba u BiH, te je postao centar interesovanja bosanskohercegovačke, regionalne i međunarodne javnosti, institucija i medija nakon eskalacije nasilja nad učesnicima i učesnicama Festivala na dan otvorenja.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":10" /><ref name=":9" /> Festival je prekinut dva dana nakon otvorenja zbog snažnih kontra-reakcija javnosti, političkih predstavnika vlasti i jer su organizatori/ke, novinari/ke i posjetitelji/ke bili/e verbalno i fizički napadnuti/e od strane protivnika održavanja festivala, tj. vjerskih ekstremista (vehabija) i nacionalista.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == Historija == Udruženje Q je prva organizacija u BiH koja se bavila zaštitom i promocijom ljudskih prava queer osoba u BiH.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4368077.stm|title=Gay war film stirs Bosnian anger|last=Hawton|first=Nick|date=21. 3. 2005|work=BBC|access-date=11. 3. 2018|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":12" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://critcom.councilforeuropeanstudies.org/living-with-prajd-lgbtq-activism-in-bosnia-and-herzegovina/|title=Living with Prajd: LGBTQ Activism in Bosnia and Herzegovina {{!}} CritCom|last=Cooper|first=Alex|date=|website=Council of European studies|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190224064112/http://critcom.councilforeuropeanstudies.org/living-with-prajd-lgbtq-activism-in-bosnia-and-herzegovina/|archive-date=24. 2. 2019|dead-url=|access-date=11. 3. 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> U skladu sa strateškim planom Udruženja Q, Udruženje Q i [[Sarajevski Otvoreni Centar|Sarajevski otvoreni centar]] su u septembru 2007. godine započeli sa planiranjem organizovanja Queer Sarajevo Festivala, prvog festivala posvećenog LGBTIQA zajednici u Bosni i Hercegovini. Organizacija [[Sarajevski Otvoreni Centar|Sarajevski otvoreni centar]] je nakon nekoliko mjeseci izašla iz organizacionog odbora, a Udruženje Q je nastavilo sa pripremama za održavanje Festivala.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|url=http://soc.ba/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Citanka-lezbejskih-i-gej-ljudskih-prava_FINAL.pdf|title=Čitanka lezbejskih i gej ljudskih prava|last=|first=|date=|publisher=Sarajevski otvoreni centar|year=2011|isbn=9789958995934|editor-last=Gavrić|editor-first=Saša|location=Sarajevo|pages=113, 114|language=bs|editor-last2=Huremović|editor-first2=Lejla|editor-last3=Savić|editor-first3=Marija}}</ref> Queer Sarajevo Festival je bio o djeljenju priča lezbejki, gej, transrodnih, intersex i queer osoba u Bosni i Hercegovini, te svakodnevnih životnih priča o ljubavi, prijateljstvu, borbi za jednakost, diskriminaciji, slobodi, ponosu i pobjedi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.courrierdesbalkans.fr/queer-sarajevo-festival|title=Queer Sarajevo Festival - Le Courrier des Balkans|website=www.courrierdesbalkans.fr|language=fr|access-date=3. 1. 2018}}</ref> Cilj Queer Sarajevo Festivala je bio preispitati [[Heteronormativity|heteronormativne]] i [[Patriarchy|patrijarhalne]] vrijednosti, posebno one koje se tiču pitanja identiteta i seksualnosti, viđenih u kontekstu roda, spola i seksualne orijentacije. Ideja za održavanjem ovakvog jednog festivala u [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosni i Hercegovini]] javila se zbog potrebe da se poveća i učini vidljivom [[queer]] kultura, teorija i pokret kao i da ovaj festival postane tradicionalna manifestacija vidljivosti LGBTIQ zajednice u Bosni i Hercegovini. Drugi razlog organizovanja festivala je bila uspostava održive saradnje Queer Sarajevo Festivala sa zvaničnim kulturnim institucijama u Bosni i Hercegovini i organizacijama kao i otvaranje prostora za javne diskusije o statusu queer populacije u Bosni i Hercegovini, LGBTIQ kulturi, identitetima i ljudskim pravima putem aktivnosti koje su se odvijale prije, a i u toku same realizacije festivala.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.queer.ba/qsf.htm|title=Wayback Machine|date=11. 3. 2008|access-date=3. 1. 2018|archive-date=11. 3. 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080311031107/http://www.queer.ba/qsf.htm|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Festival je bio najavljen za 24. septembar 2008. godine na Akademiji likovnih umjetnosti u Sarajevu, te je trebao trajati pet dana. Program su činile izložbe, performansi, dokumentarni filmovi i okrugli stolovi učesnika i učesnica iz Bosne i Hercegovine, regije i šire.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/1202098.html|title=Queer Sarajevo Festival ipak će biti održan|last=Arnautović|first=Marija|date=|website=Radio Slobodna Evropa|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=3. 1. 2018}}</ref> == Reakcije == === Prijetnje prije održavanja Festivala === Queer Sarajevo Festival je bio prvi javni LGBTIQA događaj koji je dobio pažnju medija, političkih lidera i javnosti u Bosni i Hercegovini. Organizatori/ice QSF-a su se našle na udaru mržnje još u vrijeme preliminarnih aktivnosti u vezi sa Festivalom.<ref name=":4" /> Organizatori/ke i njihovi simpatizeri, uključujući i novinare su sedmicama prije otvaranja festivala dobivali prijetnje smrću. Na internet forumima vodila se oštra diskusija između onih koji su za i protiv. Medijske kuće koje su pokrovitelji festivala su primale prijetnje.<ref name=":0" /> Plakati sa homofobnim sadržajima su bili distribuirani i ljepljeni na nekoliko lokacija u Sarajevu.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2008/09/eight-injured-sarajevo-queer-festival-attacked-20080926/|title=Eight injured as Sarajevo Queer Festival attacked|last=|first=|date=26. 9. 2008|website=Amnesty International|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=3. 1. 2018}}</ref> U Opštini Novi grad je bio polijepljen veliki broj postera koji je pozivao direktno na nasilje. Posteri su glasili: ''Smrt pederima'', ''Ne dozvolimo Queer festival odnosno Gay paradu u BiH'', te je kasnije ista taktika korištena i u drugim opštinama.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=http://diskriminacija.ba/qsf-2008-kolaps-sistema|title=Queer Sarajevo Festival 2008: atmosfera linča|last=Nurkić|first=Edina|date=13. 1. 2012|work=Diskriminacija|access-date=8. 3. 2018|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|language=bs-BA}}</ref> Protest protiv održavanja Festivala je bio najavljen na Trgu Alije Izetbegovića u Sarajevu, 24.9.2008. godine.<ref name=":3" /> Organizatorice Festivala su takođe primile prijeteće pismo koje je potpisala Unija ratnih veterana Sarajeva.<ref name=":3" /> Amnesty International je već 18. septembra 2008. godine pozvao vlasti BiH da omoguće zaštitu organizatoricama Festivala i održavanje Festivala.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/press-releases/2008/09/bosnia-and-herzegovina-e2809csarajevo-queer-festivale2809d-must-be-protected-20080/|title=Bosnia and Herzegovina: “Sarajevo Queer Festival” must be protected|last=|first=|date=18. 9. 2008|website=Amnesty International|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=8. 3. 2018}}</ref> Sve prijetnje su bile dokumentovane od strane Udruženja Q i predane nadležnim organima uz apel procesuiranja istih.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sluzbenilist.ba/page/akt/CyLkEZNKGVg=|title=Službeni List - Pregled Dokumenta|last=|first=|date=|website=Službeni list Bosne i Hercegovine|language=bs|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=8. 3. 2018}}</ref> === Medijsko praćenje Festivala === Održavanje Sarajevo Queer Festivala u vrijeme [[Ramadan|Ramazana]] je iskorišteno kao povod za razne interpretacije. Rečeno je da je takav festival napad na religiju, konkretno na Islam iako je bilo jasno da festival nema apsolutno nikakvih religijskih niti anti-religijskih referenci i da je puka slučajnost bila to da su se datumi održavanja festivala podudarili sa mjesecom posta Ramazanom.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ba/books?id=1VMMBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA123&dq=Queer+Sarajevo+Festival+2008&hl=bs&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjZv5zQn7zYAhVpJJoKHaNcBlsQ6AEISDAG#v=onepage&q=Queer%20Sarajevo%20Festival%202008&f=false|title=Religion in Times of Crisis|last=Ganiel|first=Gladys|last2=Winkel|first2=Heidemarie|last3=Monnot|first3=Christophe|date=4. 7. 2014|publisher=BRILL|year=2014|isbn=9789004277793|location=|pages=123|language=en}}</ref> Najistaknutiji printani mediji koji su predvodili huškačku kampanju mjesec dana prije samog Festivala su bili [[Dnevni avaz|Dnevni Avaz]] i SAFF.<ref name=":13">{{Cite book|url=http://hrc.unsa.ba/hrr2008/PDFS/ljudskapravaubih2008.pdf|title=Ljudska prava u Bosni i Hercegovini 2008: pravo, praksa i međunarodni standardi ljudskih prava sa ispitivanjem javnog mnijenja|last=Živanović|first=Miroslav|date=2009|publisher=Centar za ljudska prava Univerziteta u Sarajevu|year=2009|isbn=9789958541025|location=|pages=395-399|language=bs-ba|access-date=27. 1. 2019|archive-date=18. 11. 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118200636/http://hrc.unsa.ba/hrr2008/PDFS/ljudskapravaubih2008.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na naslovnoj strani najčitanijih dnevnih novina u Bosni i Hercegovini [[Dnevni avaz|Dnevni Avaz]] 28. augusta 2008. izašao je naslov "Ko Bošnjacima podvaljuje gay okupljanje u Ramazanu?" Neki od ostalih naslova koji su izlazili u raznim glasilima poput [[Dnevni avaz|Dnevnog Avaza]] i [http://saff.ba/ SAFF] jesu: ''Gejevi u Sarajevu i u noći Lejletu-l-kadr!'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://media.ba/mcsonline/files/shared/Gejevi_u_Sarajevu_i_u_noci_Lejletu-l-kadr__0.pdf|title=Press clipping: Gejevi u Sarajevu i u noci Lejletu-l-kadr|last=|first=|date=|website=Media|type=PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412063301/http://media.ba/mcsonline/files/shared/Gejevi_u_Sarajevu_i_u_noci_Lejletu-l-kadr__0.pdf|archive-date=12. 4. 2018|dead-url=|access-date=|url-status=dead}}</ref>, ''Opasno poigravanje sa vjerskim osjećajima Bošnjaka, Festival homoseksulaca u časnom Ramazanu''.<ref name=":13" /> Pored printanih medija, na [[YouTube]] platformi se pojavio video koji prikazuje scene odsijecanja glave jednoj od organizatorica Svetlani Đurković što je predstavljalo direktnu prijetnju organizatorima i organizatorkama Sarajevo Queer Festivala.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://rm.coe.int/168047f2a6|title=Combating Discrimination on Grounds of Sexual Orientation Or Gender Identity: Council of Europe Standards|last=|first=|date=|publisher=Council of Europe|year=2001|isbn=9789287169891|location=|pages=62|language=en|format=PDF}}</ref> Na online mrežama su korisnici pozivali na linč, kamenovanje i paljenje benzinom organizatorica i pobornika Festivala.<ref name=":4" /> Održavanje Sarajevo Queer Festivala u mjesecu Ramazanu bio je samo paravan za nacionalističke i ekstremističke grupe da izađu na ulicu i pokažu koliki je stepen mržnje i diskriminacije nad LGBTIQ populacijom u Bosni i Hercegovini.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dw.com/hr/homoseksualci-napadnuti-u-alahovo-ime/a-3669493|title=Homoseksualci napadnuti "u Alahovo ime" {{!}} TEME {{!}} DW {{!}} 25.09.2008|last=(www.dw.com)|first=Deutsche Welle|website=DW.COM|language=hr|access-date=3. 1. 2018}}</ref> === Reakcije političara i religijskih lidera na održavanje Festivala === Među onima koji su javno propagirali mržnju protiv LGBTIQA osoba bilei su i vladajuće strukture u BiH.<ref name=":5" /> Pojedini političari i vjerski službenici u Bosni i Hercegovini su takođe svojim izjavama u javnosti doprinosili širenju mržnje i diskriminacije LGBTIQ osoba u BiH.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailyxtra.com/sarajevo-queer-arts-fest-besieged-37699|title=Sarajevo queer arts fest besieged|date=22. 9. 2008|work=Xtra|access-date=3. 1. 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> Tadašnji Poslanik u državnom parlamentu [[Bakir Izetbegović]] je izjavio povodom održavanja Festivala: „Nimalo nisam obradovan time. Jedno podsjećanje na Sodomu i Gomoru u danu 27. noći, jedne plemenite noći koju muslimani očekuju, nimalo nisam obradovan time.“<ref name=":0" /> Izjava tadašnjeg mostarskog muftije Seid ef. Smajkića je da "slobodu ne treba koristiti za promociju tog smeća sa zapada”.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ba/books?id=v_TjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA175&dq=Queer+Sarajevo+Festival+2008&hl=bs&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjW8PrUsbzYAhVGD5oKHcCuA6Q4ChDoAQgtMAE#v=onepage&q=Queer%20Sarajevo%20Festival%20&f=false|title=Religious and Sexual Nationalisms in Central and Eastern Europe: Gods, Gays and Governments|last=|first=|date=19. 6. 2015|publisher=BRILL|year=|isbn=9004297790|location=|pages=168|language=en}}</ref> Izjava Opštinskog odbora Stranke za BiH Novo Sarajevo povodom Festivala je bila: "Queer festivalom narušen je ramazanski ambijent, posebno u njegovoj posljednjoj i najznačajnijoj trećini kada svaki čovjek, poštujući tradiciju i značaj svetog mjeseca, neće ispoljiti stvarnu reakciju."<ref name=":11">{{Cite web|url=https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/1291872.html|title=Priča o Queer Festivalu je priča o kršenju ljudskih prava|website=Radio Slobodna Evropa|language=sh|access-date=8. 3. 2018}}</ref> == Napadi na učesnike Festivala == Festival je otvoren 24. septembra 2008. godine u Galeriji [[Akademija likovnih umjetnosti u Sarajevu|Akademije likovnih umjetnosti Sarajevu]] gdje je prisustvovalo oko 250 učesnika i učesnica.<ref name=":9" /> Pored prisutnih nadležnih policijskih snaga, organizatorice Festivala su angažovale i privatnu zaštitarsku agenciju.<ref name=":8" /> Na dan otvorenja grupa od oko 70 huligana okupila se sa druge strane rijeke [[Miljacka|Miljacke]] preko puta Akademije i počela je vrijeđati posjetioce festivala. Uzvikivali su “Allahu Akbar”, "Sredićemo vas!", "Ubij pedere!".<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":3" /> Policijski službenici nisu spriječili huligane da se približe posjetiteljima i organizatorima.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ba/books?id=UrfHDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT30&dq=Queer+Sarajevo+Festival+2008&hl=bs&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjZv5zQn7zYAhVpJJoKHaNcBlsQ6AEITzAH#v=onepage&q=Queer%20Sarajevo%20Festival%202008&f=false|title=Homofobia en los Balcanes|last=Andreu|first=Miguel Rodríguez|date=2014|publisher=Editorial UOC|isbn=9788490645659|language=en}}</ref> Napadači su bacali kamenje na zgradu Akademije, da bi pojedine posjetitelje, po napuštanju izložbe, pratili po Sarajevu i fizički napali.<ref name=":10">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7635197.stm|title=Clashes at Bosnia's gay festival|last=|first=|date=25. 9. 2008|work=BBC|access-date=3. 1. 2018|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ba/books?id=tcmJa4ai6OUC&q=Queer+Sarajevo+Festival+2008&dq=Queer+Sarajevo+Festival+2008&hl=bs&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjW8PrUsbzYAhVGD5oKHcCuA6Q4ChDoAQhHMAU|title=Combating Discrimination on Grounds of Sexual Orientation Or Gender Identity: Council of Europe Standards|last=Europe|first=Council of|date=2011|publisher=Council of Europe|isbn=9789287169891|language=en}}</ref> Te večeri je povrijeđeno najmanje osam osoba: R.K., H.Ć., T.B., A.S., te policajac Boban Vujičinović, novinari Peđa Kojović, Emir Imamović i strani državljanin Andrejs Viskochis.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dasbiber.at/content/queer-festival-sarajevo-2008-homosexuelle-als-zielscheibe-von-islamisten-und-nationalisten|title=Queer Festival Sarajevo 2008: Homosexuelle als Zielscheibe von Islamisten und Nationalisten {{!}} dasbiber|website=www.dasbiber.at|language=de|access-date=3. 1. 2018}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ba/books?id=AdncMOtCFZoC&pg=PA157&dq=Queer+Sarajevo+Festival+2008&hl=bs&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjW8PrUsbzYAhVGD5oKHcCuA6Q4ChDoAQg6MAM#v=onepage&q=Queer%20Sarajevo%20Festival%202008&f=false|title=Gendering Post-socialist Transition: Studies of Changing Gender Perspectives|last=Daskalova|first=Krasimira|last2=Tomić|first2=Caroline Hornstein|last3=Kaser|first3=Karl|last4=Radunović|first4=Filip|date=2012|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|isbn=9783643902290|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> Sarajevo Queer Festival je nakon napada nastavio sa aktivnostima, ali bez javnih okupljanja i promocija, te na izmjenjenoj lokaciji. Organizatori festivala su i nakon napada bili pod stalnim prijetnjama i opasnošću.<ref name=":6" /> [[Dnevni avaz|Dnevni Avaz]] je 25. septembra 2008. objavio imena svih povrijeđenih osoba.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ba/books?id=4FKBDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA201&dq=Queer+Sarajevo+Festival+2008&hl=bs&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjZv5zQn7zYAhVpJJoKHaNcBlsQ6AEIMDAC#v=onepage&q=Queer%20Sarajevo%20Festival%20&f=false|title=The EU Enlargement and Gay Politics: The Impact of Eastern Enlargement on Rights, Activism and Prejudice|last=Slootmaeckers|first=Koen|last2=Touquet|first2=Heleen|last3=Vermeersch|first3=Peter|date=23. 6. 2016|publisher=Springer|year=|isbn=9781137480934|location=|pages=184|language=en}}</ref> Poslije su to učinili [[Oslobođenje]] i [[Nezavisne novine]]. Isti dan na [[YouTube]] se pojavio video u kojem su išle slike odsijecanja glave jednoj od organizatorki Sarajevo Queer Festivala.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2008/10/sarajevo-queer-festival-organizers-still-under-threat-20081001/|title=Sarajevo Queer Festival organizers still under threat|last=|first=|date=1. 10. 2008|website=Amnesty International|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=3. 1. 2018}}</ref> Organizatori/ke su nakon treće večeri održavanja festivala prekinuli sve daljnje aktivnosti.<ref name=":9">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bosnia-gays/bosnias-first-gay-festival-to-close-after-attacks-idUSTRE48O68D20080925|title=Bosnia's first gay festival to close after attacks|last=Zuvela|first=Maja|date=|work=Reuters|access-date=3. 1. 2018|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ba/books?id=qB2RbFRdMuAC&pg=PA449&dq=Queer+Sarajevo+Festival+2008&hl=bs&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjDpo-Hr7zYAhVKCpoKHdnUDlM4ChDoAQgkMAA#v=onepage&q=Queer%20Sarajevo%20Festival%202008&f=false|title=Eventful Cities|last=Richards|first=Greg|last2=Palmer|first2=Robert|date=31. 5. 2012|publisher=Routledge|year=|isbn=1136440151|location=England|pages=449|language=en}}</ref> [[Council of Europe|Vijeće Evrope]],<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ba/books?id=UxTWFzUlCgUC&pg=PA33&dq=Queer+Sarajevo+Festival+2008&hl=bs&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjb28KosLzYAhWiNJoKHZq3CroQ6AEIVzAI#v=onepage&q=Queer%20Sarajevo%20Festival%202008&f=false|title=Parliamentary Assembly - Working Papers - 2008 Ordinary Session (Fourth Part), 29 September-3 October 2008 -|last=Europe|first=Council of|date=1. 1. 2009|publisher=Council of Europe|isbn=9789287165701|language=en}}</ref> [[Amnesty International]]<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6" />, ambasade Francuske, SAD-a su izdali saopštenja povodom dešavanja na otvaranju Sarajevo Queer Festivala u kojem su osudili napade na LGBTIQ osobe, učesnike i učesnice, organizatore/ke i novinare/ke. Predsjedništvo BiH se nije oglasilo o prijetnjama upućenim LGBT populaciji povodom organiziranja Queer Sarajevo Festivala. Međutim, Damir Arnaut, savjetnik za ustavnopravna pitanja bošnjačkog člana Predsjedništva i predsjedavajućeg Harisa Silajdžića, deklarativno je podržao Udruženje Q i izjavio da "Homofobičnim izjavama političari krše Ustav," te se tako svrstao među rijetke predstavnike vlasti koji su osudili napad.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bhdani.ba/portal/clanak/588/arhiva/homofobicnim-izjavama-politicari-krse-ustav-|title=Homofobičnim izjavama političari krše Ustav|last=|first=|date=19. 9. 2008|work=BH Dani|access-date=8. 3. 2018|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|issue=588}}</ref> === Pravni epilog === U periodu od 4. septembra do 3. oktobra 2008., Udruženje Q je proslijedilo 19 prijava policiji PU Centar i Novo Sarajevo.<ref name=":3" /> Prema Službenom listu BiH, ukupno tri optužnice su bile podignute od strane Tužilaštva. Jednom optuženom je sud izrekao kaznu zatvora u trajanju od jedne godine i istovremeno odredio da se ona neće izvršavati ukoliko u roku od dvije godine ne počini novo krivično djelo. Drugi optuženi je oslobođen, a treći optuženi je dobio uvjetnu osudu - kaznu zatvora od pet mjeseci s rokom provjere od jedne godine.<ref name=":8" /> Nasilje nad učesnicima prvog Sarajevo Queer Festivala bilo je povod da Udruženje Q uputi apelaciju Ustavnom sudu BiH zbog propusta nadležnih organa da osiguraju adekvatne mjere za zaštitu njihovih prava zagarantovanih Ustavom BiH i Evropskom konvencijom za zaštitu ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda, ali i zbog neefikasne istrage, odnosno identifikacije i sankcionisanja počinilaca.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.analitika.ba/bs/publikacije/predmet-queer-festival-sloboda-okupljanja-i-zabrana-diskriminacije|title=Predmet Queer Festival: Sloboda okupljanja i zabrana diskriminacije {{!}} Analitika|website=www.analitika.ba|language=bs|access-date=8. 3. 2018}}</ref> Prema Službenom Listu Bosne i Hercegovine, protiv četiri policijska službenika je 17. novembra 2008. godine pokrenut disciplinski postupak zbog osnovane sumnje o težoj povredi službene dužnosti, a odlukom Disciplinske komisije su proglašeni odgovornim i izrečene su im sankcije, te je Policijski odbor uvažio njihove žalbe i oslobodio ih odgovornosti.<ref name=":8" /> Prema Službenom listu, Ustavni sud BiH je 25. septembra 2014. godine, na 88. plenarnoj sjednici, djelomično usvojio apelaciju Udruženja Q za promociju i zaštitu kulture, identiteta i ljudskih prava queer lica, šest godina nakon što je apelacija podnesena:<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://vijesti.ba/clanak/255092/vlade-fbih-i-ks-a-moraju-isplatiti-novac-lgbt-udruzenju|title=Vlade FBiH i KS-a moraju isplatiti novac LGBT Udruženju|last=|first=|date=|work=Vijesti|access-date=8. 3. 2018|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}</ref> ''Ustavni sud zaključuje da postoji povreda prava na slobodu okupljanja iz člana II/3.i) Ustava Bosne i Hercegovine i člana 11. Evropske konvencije kada su javne vlasti, u skladu s pozitivnom obavezom koja proizlazi iz ovog člana, propustile preduzeti neophodne mjere radi osiguranja mirnog okupljanja organizovanog u skladu sa zakonom, zbog čega je došlo do nasilja između suprotstavljenih strana, te kada su propustile osigurati jasan pravni okvir kako bi preventivno djelovale u njegovom sprečavanju i odvraćanju od činjenja istih ili sličnih djela.'' Vijeće za štampu u Bosni i Hercegovini je 11.09.2008. godine zaprimilo žalbu Udruženja Q na članake objavljene u “Dnevnom avazu”. ''Žalbena komisija'' Vijeća za štampu u Bosni i Hercegovini jednoglasno je zaključila da je list “Dnevni avaz” prekršio pet članova Kodeksa za štampu 1 – ''Opšte odredbe'', 3 – ''Huškanje'', 4 – ''Diskriminacija'', 4a – ''Ravnopravnost polova i poštivanje osobenosti'' i 15 – ''Interes javnosti''. ''Žalbena komisija'' Vijeća za štampu u BiH je apelirala na uredništvo “Dnevnog avaza” i ostalih novinskih izdanja u BiH da vode računa o demokratskoj vrijednosti tolerancije i suživota na ovim prostorima, te doprinesu podizanju praga tolerancije i međusobnog razumijevanja, poštujući profesionalne odredbe Kodeksa za štampu BiH.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vzs.ba/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=79:udruenje-q-qdnevni-avazq-&catid=24:odluke&Itemid=25|title=Udruženje Q - dnevni list 'Dnevni avaz', 08.10.2008.|last=|first=|date=|website=Vijeće za štampu u Bosni i Hercegovini|language=bs|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=11. 3. 2018}}</ref> == Film Queer Sarajevo Festival 2008 == Udruženje Q je produciralo kratki dokumentarni film o dešavanjima sa Queer Sarajevo Festivala iz 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bhfilm.ba/en/film/439|title=Association of filmmakers in Bosnia and Herzegovina / Association of filmmakers in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina|website=bhfilm.ba|language=en-GB|access-date=8. 3. 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Udruzenje Q|title=Queer Sarajevo Festival 2008 - Documentary (ENG language)|date=28. 4. 2014|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PiDVdiuX2Yc&t=15s|access-date=3. 1. 2018}}</ref> Film Queer Sarajevo Festival 2008 je produciran 2009. godine, te je prikazivan na filmskim festivalima u Berlinu na filmskom festivalu [[Berlin International Film Festival|Berlinale]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/2009/02_programm_2009/02_Filmdatenblatt_2009_20097561.php#tab=filmStills|title=SARAJEVO QUEER FESTIVAL 2008|last=|first=|date=2009|website=Berlinale|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>, San Francisku, Pekingu i šire.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.frauenfilmfestival.eu/index.php?id=468|title=Queer Sarajevo Festival|website=www.frauenfilmfestival.eu|language=de|access-date=3. 1. 2018|archive-date=6. 3. 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043609/https://www.frauenfilmfestival.eu/index.php?id=468|url-status=dead}}</ref> Film je bio nominovan za međunarodnu Teddy nagradu za filmove o LGBT temama.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.teddyaward.tv/en/archive?a-z=1&select=Q&id_film=152|title=Teddy Award - The official queer award at the Berlin International Film Festival|last=Award|first=Teddy|website=www.teddyaward.tv|access-date=8. 3. 2018}}</ref> == Queer Sarajevo festival 2009 == Udruženje Q je 2009. organizovalo drugi Queer Sarajevo Festival - festival kao i svaki drugi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.queer.ba/bs/qsf09|title=O festivalu {{!}} Udruzenje Q|date=24. 5. 2011|access-date=3. 1. 2018|archive-date=24. 5. 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524212406/http://www.queer.ba/bs/qsf09|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kulturnicenterq.org/?event=dogodek-in-zur-v-podporo-bosanskemu-festivalu-queer-sarajevoslovenian-lgbtiq-support-for-queer-sarajevo-festival|title=Dogodek in žur v podporo bosanskemu festivalu Queer Sarajevo! {{!}} Kulturni center Q|website=www.kulturnicenterq.org|language=sl-SI|access-date=3. 1. 2018}}</ref> Ovaj festival je bio nešto drukčijeg koncepta i prezentovan virtualno od 24. do 28 septembra na način da je postavljeno 100 jumbo plakata po cijeloj Bosni i Hercegovini, online video spot, petodnevna medijska prisutnost i poruke na TV-u, radiju i novinama. Kao rezultat QSF-a 2008, u proljeće 2009. je promovisan ''QSF in a box'', koji je sadržavao 5 DVD-a sa sadržajem prvog festivala.<ref name=":12" /> == Vanjski linkovi == * [https://vimeo.com/101658982 Queer Sarajevo Festival dokumentarni film] == Reference == {{refspisak}} [[Kategorija:Sarajevski festivali]] [[Kategorija:Festival LGBT]] [[Kategorija:Queer]] m8s333xlj4y94rlka7sd249dvtmypy0 0 452295 3426968 3424586 2022-08-01T21:22:43Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Lando Norris | slika = Lando Norris Formula 1 Driver (49379469418) (cropped) (cropped).jpg | opis_slike = Norris 2020. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1999|11|13}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Bristol]], [[UK]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|UK}} [[Englezi|Britanac]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[McLaren]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]] | broj_bolida = 4 | trke = 73 (73 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = | podiji = 6 | bodovi = 382 | prve_startne_pozicije = 1 | najbrži_krug = 4 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|VN Australije 2019.]] | prva_pobjeda = | posljednja_pobjeda = | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 6. (160 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2021. }} '''Lando Norris''' ([[Bristol]], 13. novembar 1999) [[Belgija|belgijsko]]-[[Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo|britanski]] je [[automobilizam|vozač]] [[Formula 1|Formule 1]], koji se takmiči za tim [[McLaren]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- ! 2014. | align=left | Ginetta Junior Prvenstvo | align=left | HHC Motorsport | 20 | 4 | 8 | 2 | 11 | 432 |style="background:#ffdf9f;"| '''3.''' |- !rowspan=4| 2015. | align=left | MSA Formula Prvenstvo | align=left | Carlin | 30 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 15 | 413 |style="background:#ffffbf;"| '''1.''' |- | align=left | ADAC Formula 4 Prvenstvo |rowspan=2 align=left | Mücke Motorsport | 8 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 131 | 8. |- | align=left | Italijanski Formula 4 Prvenstvo | 9 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 51 | 11. |- | align=left | BRDC Formula 4 Jesen trofej | align=left | HHC Motorsport | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 128 | 5. |- !rowspan=6| 2016. |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 |align=left rowspan=2| Josef Kaufmann Racing | 15 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 12 | 253 |style="background:#FFFFBF;| '''1.''' |- | align=left | Formula Renault 2.0 NEC | 15 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 11 | 316 | style="background:#FFFFBF;| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Toyota Racing Serija |align=left| M2 Competition | 15 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 11 | 924 |style="background:#FFFFBF;| '''1.''' |- |align=left| BRDC Britanski Formula 3 Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=3| Carlin | 11 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 8 | 247 | 8. |- |align=left| FIA Formula 3 Evropsko Prvenstvo | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | 11. |- ! rowspan="4" | 2017. |align=left| FIA Formula 3 Evropsko Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=2| Carlin | 30 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 20 | 441 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| FIA Formula 2 Prvenstvo |align=left| Campos Racing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25. |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren Honda]] | colspan="7" | Vozač za testiranje |- !rowspan=3| 2018. |align=left| FIA Formula 2 Prvenstvo |align=left| Carlin | 24 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 219 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| WeatherTech SportsCar Prvenstvo |align=left| United Autosports | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 58. |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren F1 Team]] |colspan=7| Vozač za testiranje |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[McLaren|McLaren F1 Team]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 49 | 11. |} <!--* Sezona u toku.--> == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2018–2020. || [[McLaren]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren F1 Team]] ! [[McLaren MCL33]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault Sport]] R.E.18 1.6 V6 t | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> ! – ! − |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren F1 Team]] ! [[McLaren MCL34]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault]] E-Tech 19 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>8.</small> ! 49 ! 11. |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[McLaren|McLaren F1 Team]] ! [[McLaren MCL35]] ! [[Renault F1|Renault]] E-Tech 20 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| ''[[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]''<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]''<br /><small>8.</small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | | | ! 74* ! 8.* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku == Vanjski linkovi == * {{Commonscat-inline}} * [http://www.statsf1.com/en/lando-norris.aspx Lando Norris – statistika] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{McLaren}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Norris, Lando}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1999.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Bristol]] [[Kategorija:Britanski vozači Formule 1]] bfzfr5ddhw61wd2zv9c9aqkuuqptozy 0 452635 3426955 3424587 2022-08-01T20:49:02Z Amaar63 144256 statistike wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = George Russell | slika = George Russell, Silverstone 2021 (51350033659) (cropped).jpg | opis_slike = Russell 2021. | ime_rođenja = George William Russell | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1998|02|15}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[King's Lynn]], [[UK]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|UK}} [[Englezi|Britanac]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] | broj_bolida = 63 | trke = 75 (73 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = | podiji = 6 | bodovi = 177 | prve_startne_pozicije = 1 | najbrži_krug = 1 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|VN Australije 2019.]] | prva_pobjeda = | posljednja_pobjeda = | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 15. (16 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''George William Russell''' ([[King's Lynn]], 15. februar 1998) [[Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo|britanski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]]. U sezoni 2017. takmičio se u GP3 Seriji i osvojio naslov. Također se takmičio i u prvenstvu Formule 2 2018. godine i osvojio naslov. U [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|sezoni 2019.]] debitovao je u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] s [[Williams F1|Williamsom]], a svoj debitantski nastup za [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] imao je na [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|Velikoj nagradi Sakhira 2020.]] Russell je svoj prvi F1 podijum ostvario sa Williamsom na Velikoj nagradi Belgije 2021. U 2022. godini Russell je napustio Williams, te počeo da se natječe za tim Mercedes-a. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !rowspan=4| 2014. |align=left| BRDC Formula 4 Prvenstvo |align=left| Lanan Racing | 24 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 483 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 Alpi |align=left rowspan=2| Koiranen GP | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 123 ! 4. |- |align=left rowspan=2| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |rowspan=2| – !rowspan=2| – |- |align=left| Tech 1 Racing | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |- !rowspan=2| 2015. |align=left| FIA Formula 3 Evropsko Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=2| Carlin | 33 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 203 ! 6. |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | – |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- !rowspan=2| 2016. |align=left| FIA Formula 3 Evropsko Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=2| HitechGP | 30 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 10 | 264 |style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – ! 7. |- ! rowspan="2" | 2017. |align=left| GP3 Serija |align=left| ART Grand Prix | 15 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 220 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] | colspan="7"| Vozač za testiranje |- ! 2018. |align=left| FIA Formula 2 Prvenstvo |align=left| ART Grand Prix | 24 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 11 | 287 |style="background:#FFFFBF;"| '''1.''' |- ! 2019. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Williams F1|ROKiT Williams Racing]] | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! 20. |- !rowspan=2| 2020. |rowspan=2 align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Williams F1|Williams Racing]] | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |rowspan=2| 3 !rowspan=2| 18. |- |align=left| [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One Team]] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |- ! 2021. |align=left| Formula 1 |align=left| [[Williams F1|Williams Racing]] | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 16 ! 15. |- ! 2022. |align=left| Formula 1 |align=left| [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One Team]] | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 128* ! 5.* |} <nowiki>*</nowiki> Sezona još traje. {{-}} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2019–2020. || [[Williams F1|Williams]] |- | 2020. || [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] |- | 2020-2021. || [[Williams F1|Williams]] |- | 2022. || [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! 22. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2017.|2017.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! [[Force India VJM10]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M08 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2017.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2017.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2017.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2017.|RUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2017.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2017.|MON]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2017.|KAN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2017.|AZE]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2017.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2017.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2017.|MAĐ]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2017.|BEL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Italije 2017.|ITA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2017.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Malezije 2017.|MAL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Japana 2017.|JAP]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2017.|SAD]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2017.|MEK]]<br /><small></small> | |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2017.|BRA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2017.|ABU]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | ! – ! – |- bgcolor=white | colspan="27" | |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Williams F1|ROKiT Williams Racing]] ! [[Williams FW42]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M10 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>17.</small> | ! 0 ! 20. |- |rowspan=2| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Williams F1|Williams Racing]] ! [[Williams FW43]] !rowspan=2| [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M11 EQ Performance 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small>12.</small> | |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small>15.</small> | | | | | !rowspan=2| 3 !rowspan=2| 18. |- ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One Team]] ! [[Mercedes-AMG F1 W11 EQ Performance|Mercedes F1 W11 EQ Performance]] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| ''[[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]''<br /><small>9.</small> | | | | | |- | 2021. ! [[Williams F1|Williams Racing]] ! [[Williams FW42B]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M12 E Performance 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2021.|BHR]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2021.|EMI]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2021.|POR]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2021.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2021.|MON]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2021.|AZE]]<br /><small>17.††</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2021.|FRA]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2021.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2021.|AUT]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2021.|VB]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2021.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2021.|BEL]]<br /><small>2.†</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Holandije 2021.|HOL]]<br /><small>17.††</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2021.|ITA]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2021.|RUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2021.|TUR]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2021.|SAD]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2021.|MEK]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2021.|BRA]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Katra 2021.|KAT]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Saudijske Arabije 2021.|SAU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2021.|ABU]]<br /><small>Odu</small> ! 16 ! 15. |} <!-- ''*'' Sezona u toku -->† Pola boda za utrke koje su prekinute prije prelaska 75% dužine utrke.<br />†† Vozaci su završili najmanje 90% utrke == Vanjski linkovi == * {{Commonscat-inline|George Russell}} * [http://www.statsf1.com/en/george-russell.aspx George Russell – statistika] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Russell, George}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1998.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, King's Lynn]] [[Kategorija:Britanski vozači Formule 1]] kufru9s86m223j5ehk524m1y968xkle 0 452638 3426991 3424588 2022-08-01T23:54:10Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Alexander Albon | slika = 2019 Formula One tests Barcelona, Albon (47200030682).jpg | opis_slike = Alexander Albon u 2019. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1996|03|23}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[London]], [[UK]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|TAJ}} [[Tajland|Tajlanđani]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Williams F1|Williams]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]] | broj_bolida = 23 | trke = 51 (51 početak) | prvenstva = | pobjede = | podiji = 2 | bodovi = 200 | prve_startne_pozicije = | najbrži_krug = | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|VN Australije 2019.]] | prva_pobjeda = | posljednja_pobjeda = | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 7. (105 boda) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Alexander Albon''' ([[London]], 23. mart 1996) [[tajland]]sko-[[Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo|britanski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Williams F1|Williams]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !rowspan=2| 2012. |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 |rowspan=2 align=left| EPIC Racing | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 ! 38. |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 Alpi | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 ! 17. |- !rowspan=2| 2013. |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 |rowspan=2 align=left| KTR | 14 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 22 ! 16. |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 NEC | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 61 ! 22. |- !rowspan=2| 2014. |align=left| Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 |rowspan=2 align=left| KTR | 14 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 117 |style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- |align=left| Formula Renault 2.0 NEC | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 80 ! 17. |- !rowspan=2| 2015. |align=left| FIA Formula 3 Evropsko Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=2| Signature | 33 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 187 ! 7. |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 13. |- !rowspan=2| 2016. |align=left| GP3 Serija |align=left| ART Grand Prix | 18 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 177 |style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 |align=left| Hitech GP | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – ! 5. |- ! 2017. |align=left| FIA Formula 2 Prvenstvo |align=left| ART Grand Prix | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 86 ! 10. |- ! 2018. |align=left| FIA Formula 2 Prvenstvo |align=left| DAMS | 24 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 8 | 212 |style="background:#FFDF9F;"| '''3.''' |- !rowspan=2|2019 |rowspan=2 align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Scuderia Toro Rosso|Red Bull Toro Rosso Honda]] | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |rowspan=2| 92 !rowspan=2| 8. |- |align=left| [[Red Bull Racing|Aston Martin Red Bull Racing]] | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |- ! 2020. |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Red Bull Racing|Aston Martin Red Bull Racing]] | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 105 ! 7. |} {{-}} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2019. || [[Scuderia Toro Rosso]] |- | 2019–2020. || [[Red Bull Racing]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]]) (Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju početnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | rowspan=2 | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Scuderia Toro Rosso|Red Bull Toro Rosso Honda]] ! [[Toro Rosso STR14]] ! rowspan=2 | [[Honda Racing F1|Honda]] RA619H 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small>9.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>10.</small> | | | | | | | | | ! rowspan=2 | 92 ! rowspan=2 | 8. |- ! [[Red Bull Racing|Aston Martin Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB15]] | | | | | | | | | | | | |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small>6.</small> |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Red Bull Racing|Aston Martin Red Bull Racing]] ! [[Red Bull RB16]] ! [[Honda Racing F1|Honda]] RA620H 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>13.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>4.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>5.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>8.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>10.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>12.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small>7.</small> |bgcolor="#FFDF9F"| [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small>3.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small>6.</small> |bgcolor="#DFFFDF"| [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small>4.</small> | | | | ! 105 ! 7. |} <!-- <small> '''Napomene''' :''*'' Sezona u toku </small> --> == Vanjski linkovi == * {{Commonscat-inline}} * [http://www.statsf1.com/en/alexander-albon.aspx Alexander Albon – statistika] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{Red Bull Racing}} {{Scuderia Toro Rosso}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Albon, Alexander}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1996.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, London]] [[Kategorija:Tajlandski vozači Formule 1]] td93wof4trp04hd6y2o4cov92okprku 0 454133 3426886 3417128 2022-08-01T12:02:17Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija TV-epizoda | naslov = Pilot | serija = [[Teorija velikog praska (serija)|Teorija velikog praska]] | slika = <!-- Samo naziv datoteke. Prefiks "Datoteka:" i veličina u pikselima nisu potrebni. --> | veličina_slike = <!-- Sirov broj. Sufiks "px" nije potreban. --> | alt = | opis_slike = | sezona = 1. | br_serijala = | epizoda = 1. | režiser = [[James Burrows]] | scenarist = [[Chuck Lorre]] <br/> [[Bill Prady]] | priča = | TV-scenarij = | narator = | voditelj = | producent = | muzika = | kinematografija = | montaža = | produkcijski_kod = 276023 | premijera = 24. 9. 2007. | trajanje = | nagrade = | gostujuće_uloge = {{plainlist| *[[Vernée Watson]] kao Althea *[[Brian Patrick Wade]] kao Kurt }} | spisak_sezona = | prethodna_epizoda = | sljedeća_epizoda = [[The Big Bran Hypothesis]] | spisak_epizoda = [[Spisak epizoda "Teorije velikog praska"|Spisak epizoda ''Teorije velikog praska'']] }} '''"Pilot"''' je prva epizoda [[SAD|američkog]] [[sitkom]]a ''[[Teorija velikog praska (serija)|Teorija velikog praska]]''. Premijerno je prikazana 24. septembra 2007. na [[CBS]]-u. [[Scenarij]] su napisali [[Chuck Lorre]] i [[Bill Prady]], a režiju potpisuje [[James Burrows]], koji je režirao epizode brojnih serija (''[[Prijatelji (serija)|Prijatelji]]'', ''[[Will i Grace]]'', ''[[Frasier (serija)|Frasier]]'', ''[[Treći kamenčić od Sunca]]'', ''[[Dharma i Greg]]'' itd.). Međutim, nakon "Pilota" nije ostao angažiran na seriji; režisersku palicu preuzeo je i do kraja zadržao [[Mark Cendrowski]]. == Radnja == [[Leonard Hofstadter]] i [[Sheldon Cooper]] dva su mlada inteligentna [[fizičar]]a koja zajedno imaju [[kvocijent inteligencije]] 360 i tvrde da imaju "blistave umove" koji razumiju kako [[svemir]] funkcionira. Međutim, nespretni su i neobični u međuljudskim odnosima, naročito kad je riječ o ženama. Nakon neuspješne posjete banci sperme za osobe s visokim kvocijentom inteligencije vraćaju se u stan i susreću [[Penny (Teorija velikog praska)|Penny]], djevojku koja se želi okušati u glumi, a koja se useljava u susjedni stan. Leonard odmah postane očaran njome, s nadom u romantičnu vezu, što Sheldon ocjenjuje gotovo nimalo vjerovatnim. Sheldon je prilično zadovoljan time da večeri provodi igrajući [[Boggle]] (igru s riječima) na [[Klingonski jezik|klingonskom jeziku]] sa svojim također društveno disfunkcionalnim prijateljima [[Howard Wolowitz|Howardom Wolowitzem]], koji želi postati osvajač ženskih srca, i [[Rajesh Koothrappali|Rajeshom Koothrappalijem]], koji pati od [[Selektivni mutizam|selektivnog mutizma]], naročito kad je prisutna Penny. Međutim, Leonard u Penny vidi cio novi univerzum mogućnosti. Toliko je očaran njome da, nakon što joj je dozvolio da se istušira u njegovom i Sheldonovom stanu jer je u njenom tuš pokvaren, pristaje pokušati vratiti njen televizor od njenog bivšeg momka Kurta, koji je dosta viši od Leonarda. Međutim, Kurt skine pantalone i Leonardu i Sheldonu, koji je pošao kao "pomoć", i oni ne uspijevaju vratiti televizor. Osjećajući se loše zbog njih, Penny im ponudi da ih počasti večerom. Sheldon shvata da će Leonard nastaviti s pokušajima da osvoji Penny kad ovaj rekne "Naša djeca bit će i pametna i lijepa", na što Sheldon doda: "Da ne kažem: imaginarna." == Neprikazana pilot-epizoda == Prije ove pilot-epizode snimljena je još jedna, u kojoj nije bilo Penny, Howarda i Raja. U njoj su umjesto njih bili likovi Katie ([[Amanda Walsh]]) i Gilda ([[Iris Bahr]]). Katie je, poput Penny, osoba s "uličnom školom" i suprotnost "knjiškim moljcima" Leonardu i Sheldonu, međutim, zlobnija je od Penny. Tvrdila je da spavala s očuhom prije nego što joj se majka udala za njega. Osim toga, u originalnoj pilot-epizodi Sheldon je seksualniji i pohotniji. Zapravo, za njega se eksplicitno kaže da je spavao s Gildom, njegovom i Leonardovom prijateljicom, na okupljanju ljubitelja ''[[Zvjezdane staze|Zvjezdanih staza]]''. CBS nije prihvatio tu pilot-epizodu, ali se čelnim ljudima serija dovoljno svidjela da zatraže od Lorrea i Pradyja da produciraju drugu.<ref name="Cronin">{{cite web|url=http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2013/11/20/tv-legends-revealed-big-bang-theorys-sheldon-originally-had-a-sex-drive/|author=Brian Cronin|title=TV Legends Revealed: Big Bang Theory's Sheldon Originally Had a Sex Drive|date=20. 11. 2013|accessdate=22. 6. 2019|publisher=Spinoff Online|archive-date=22. 11. 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131122043734/http://spinoff.comicbookresources.com/2013/11/20/tv-legends-revealed-big-bang-theorys-sheldon-originally-had-a-sex-drive/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Prijem == Jim Chamberlin iz [[IGN]]-a pohvalio je epizodu, nazvavši je "sjajnim startom za jednu seriju" i rekavši da je scenarij "jedan od najboljih koji smo vidjeli u dužem periodu kad je riječ o standardnim sitkomima".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tv.ign.com/articles/823/823779p1.html|title=The Big Bang Theory: ''Pilot'' Review|work=IGN|date=28. 9. 2007|accessdate=22. 6. 2019|archive-date=21. 2. 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221050700/http://tv.ign.com/articles/823/823779p1.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Matthew Gilbert iz ''[[The Boston Globe]]a'', međutim, dao je negativnu kritiku, rekavši da je serija "jedan od onih sitkoma sa [[Snimljeni smijeh|snimljenim smijehom]] koji ima tačno jednu komičnu rutinu i koristi je do kraja".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/ae/tv/articles/2007/09/24/big_bang_collapses_under_weight_of_nerd_jokes/|title='Big Bang' collapses under weight of nerd jokes|work= The Boston Globe|date=24. 9. 2007 |accessdate=22. 6. 2019 |author=Matthew Gilbert}}</ref> Scott Tobias iz [[The A.V. Club]]a također je bio vrlo negativan prema epizodi, rekavši: "Zaista loše televizijske serije imaju tendenciju da povlađuju zlobi: potvrđujući superiornost Joea i Jane Average [tj. prosječnog odraslog muškog i ženskog lika], izruguju se i upadljivo glupome... i hiperinteligentnome, koji se osuđuju zbog arogantnog, neoprostivog grijeha... ovaj... toga što mnogo znaju. Novi CBS-ov sitkom ''Teorija velikog praska'' širok je primjer za ovaj princip – ''zaista'' širok, poput bazena [[Amazon]]a. Teško je vjerovati da neko uopće i snima ovakav 'prahistorijski' sitkom s tri kamere; tek usputno spominjanje riječi 'blog' sugerira da se radnja događa u našem vremenu."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tv.avclub.com/the-big-bang-theory-the-big-bang-theory-1798203099|title=The Big Bang Theory: The Big Bang Theory|author=Scott Tobias|website=TV Club|accessdate=22. 6. 2019}}</ref> == Reference == {{reference}} == Vanjski linkovi == * {{imdb title|id=tt0775431|title="Pilot"}} * [http://www.tv.com/shows/the-big-bang-theory/pilot-939386/ "Pilot"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622175300/http://www.tv.com/shows/the-big-bang-theory/pilot-939386/ |date=22. 6. 2019 }} na ''[[TV.com]]'' {{Teorija velikog praska}} [[Kategorija:Epizode "Teorije velikog praska"|Pilot]] dl2jkgb56qp8m5z845e3r8i5k5jmklv 0 454570 3426963 3405492 2022-08-01T21:10:58Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Frühling blühender Kirschenbaum.jpg|mini|desno|250px|Proljetni krajolik]] [[slika:Oberhausen_-_Gasometer_-_Der_schöne_Schein_-_Primavera_(Botticelli)_04_ies.jpg|thumb|250px|Najčuveniji umjetnički simbol proljeća: ''Primavera'' ([[Sandro Botticelli]])]] '''Proljeće''' je jedno od četiri [[godišnja doba]]. Na [[Sjeverna polutka|sjevernoj polulopti]] traje od 21. [[mart]]a, [[april]], [[maj]] i dio ( do 21.) [[juni|juna]]. Na [[Južna polutka|južnoj Zemljinoj polulopti]] uključuje dio [[septembar|septembra]], cijeli [[oktobar]] i [[novembar]], te dio [[decembar|decembra]] (do 21.). Na prvi dan proljeća [[dan]] i [[noć]] traju jednako ([[Ravnodnevnica|proljetna ravnodnevica]]). Na južnoj Zemljinoj hemisferi, proljeće općenito počinje 1. septembra, a završava 30. novembra. Krajem proljeća nastaje [[ljeto]], a krajem [[Zima|zime]] proljeće.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Spring |title=Spring|work=Glossary of Meteorology|access-date=5 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Met Office: Spring|url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/learning/seasons/spring|access-date=5 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Deguara |first1=Brittney |title=When does winter officially start in New Zealand? |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/113038178/when-does-winter-officially-start-in-new-zealand |work=Stuff |date=27 May 2019 |access-date=4 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=WW Forecast Team |title=POLL: Do you want the dates of our seasons changed? |url=https://www.weatherwatch.co.nz/content/poll-do-you-want-dates-our-seasons-changed |website=Weather Watch |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222729/https://www.weatherwatch.co.nz/content/poll-do-you-want-dates-our-seasons-changed |archive-date=3. 3. 2016 |date=1 March 2012 |access-date=21. 3. 2021 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> [[slika:Colorful_spring_garden.jpg|thumb|left|280px|Šarolike boje baštenskoh cvijeća]] == Proljetna razdoblja == Postoje tri proljetna razdoblja: '''pretproljeće''' počinje u vrijeme pojavljivanja biljaka proljetnica, često zvanih "vjesnici proljeća", '''rano proljeće''' razdoblje pojavljivanja cvjetova i listića na drveću, a u '''pravo proljeće''' lista većina listopadnog drveća. Najpoznatiji vijesnici proljeća su [[ljubičica]], [[šumarica]], [[šafran]], [[visibaba]] i [[jagorčevina]]. ==Također pogledajte== * [[Godišnja doba]] ==Reference== {{reflist}} == Vanjski linkovi == *[http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=50626 LZMK / Hrvatska enciklopedija: proljeće] *[http://proleksis.lzmk.hr/42749/ LZMK / Proleksis enciklopedija: proljeće] [[Kategorija:Meteorologija]] [[Kategorija:Astronomija]] [[Kategorija:Klima]] oj8c5814ck6a21b7lgq0g8vai3i59eb 0 454922 3426907 3010419 2022-08-01T13:13:04Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Geokutija|Pokrajina <!-- *** Gornji dio *** --> | ime =Okrug Prahova | izvorno_ime =''Județul Prahova'' | drugo_ime = | kategorija = [[Okruzi Rumunije|okrug]] <!-- *** Simboli *** --> | zastava = | simbol =Stema_Prahova.svg <!-- *** Države, regije i.t.d *** --> | država = Rumunija | zastava_države = da <!-- *** Granice, objekti što pripadaju ovaj dio i.t.d *** --> | graniči_sa = [[Buzău (okrug)|Buzău]]<br>[[Vâlcea (okrug)|Vâlcea]]<br>[[Ilfov (okrug)|Ilfov]]<br>[[Dâmbovița (okrug)|Dâmbovița]]<br>[[Brașov (okrug)|Brașov]]<br> | dio = | grad = | znamenitost = | rijeka = <!-- *** Položaj *** --> | glavni_grad = [[Ploiești]] <!-- *** Dimenzije *** --> | površina = 4,716 <!-- *** Stanovništvo *** --> | stanovništvo = 762,886<ref name="PopisuRumuniji>{{cite web |title=Popis stanovništva u Rumuniji (2011) |url=http://www.alba.insse.ro/cmsalba/files/DATE%20PROVIZORII%20RPL%202011_alba_comunicat%20presa.pdf |website=web.archive.org (arhivirano s www.alba.insse.ro) |publisher=Okružna komisija za popis |accessdate=20. 8. 2019 |archive-date=18. 4. 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130418082153/http://www.alba.insse.ro/cmsalba/files/DATE%20PROVIZORII%20RPL%202011_alba_comunicat%20presa.pdf |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> | stanovništvo_datum = | stanovništvo_gustoća = 161 <!-- *** Historija i administracija *** --> | osnovan = | datum = | vlada = | lider = | partija_lidera = <!-- *** Kod *** --> | vremenska_zona = [[Istočnoevropsko vrijeme|EET]]| utc_odstupanje =+2 | vremenska_zona_DST = [[Istočnoevropsko ljetno vrijeme|EEST]] ([[UTC+03:00|UTC+3]])| utc_offset_DST = | poštanski_broj = | pozivni broj = (+40) 244 ili (+40) 344 | kod = RO-PH| kod_vrsta = [[ISO 3166]] <!-- *** Slobodni polji *** --> | prazno = | prazno_vrsta = | prazno1 = | prazno1_vrsta = <!-- *** Karta *** --> | karta = Prahova_in_Romania.svg <!-- *** Webb stranice *** --> | web_stranica = [http://www.cjph.ro/ www.cjph.ro/] <!-- *** Bilješka *** --> | bilješka = }} '''Prahova''' ({{jez-ro|Județul Prahova}}) je jedan od 41 [[Okruzi Rumunije|okruga Rumunije]]. Nalazi se u južnocentralnom dijelu države, unutar historijske regije [[Muntenija|Muntenije]]. Prostire se na površini od 4.716 km² i jedan je od manjih okruga. Prema podacima od 31.10.2011. godine u njemu je živjelo 762.886 stanovnika i treći je najnaseljeniji okrug u državi, poslije [[Bukurešt]]a i [[Iași (okrug)|Iași]]jua. [[Glavni grad|Glavni]] i najveći grad je [[Ploiești]]. Graniči sa sljedećim okruzima: [[Buzău (okrug)|Buzău]] na istoku, [[Vâlcea (okrug)|Vâlcea]] i [[Ilfov (okrug)|Ilfov]] na jugu, [[Dâmbovița (okrug)|Dâmbovița]] na zapadu i [[Brașov (okrug)|Brașov]] na sjeveru. == Geografija == Reljef Okruga je raznolik i sastoji se od približno jednakih dijelova ravničarskih predjela, planina i brda. Na sjevernom dijelu se prostiru planine i to južni obronci Istočnih Karpata i planina Bučegi koja formira istočni dio Južnih Karpata. Ove dvije planinske grupe razdvaja dolina rijeke [[Prahova (rijeka)|Prahova]]. Južnom stranom Okruga prostire se nizija koja predstavlja sjeverozapadni dio [[Vlaška nizija|Vlaške nizije]]. Glavna rijeka je istoimena rijeka Prahova. To je planinska rijeka koja do svog ušća u rijeku [[Ialomița (rijeka)|Ialomițu]] sakupljajući mnoge druge rijeke kao što su: Doftanu, Teleajen i dr. == Demografija == Prema popisu stanovništva Rumunije zaključno sa 31. 10. 2011. u Okrugu je živjelo 762.886 stanovnika što je prosječna gustina od 161 stanovnika po km² odnosno skoro duplo veća gustoća naseljenosti u odnosu na nacionalni prosjek. Etnički sastav stanovništva bio je sljedeći: * [[Rumuni]] - 97,74% * [[Romi]] i ostali == Reference == {{reference}} == Vanjski linkovi == *[http://www.cjph.ro/ Službena stranica Vijeća okruga] {{Okruzi Rumunije}} [[Kategorija:Okruzi Rumunije|Prahova]] [[Kategorija:Prahova (okrug)]] obdpp16gpocwkjmh8hslofdjafe7dt3 10 458709 3426950 3422491 2022-08-01T19:33:59Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#switch:{{LOCALMONTH}}-{{LOCALYEAR}} |01-2020=Aphex Twin |02-2020=''Elementarno'' |03-2020=Jerry Cantrell |04-2020=Furnir |05-2020=Ćirilo i Metodije |06-2020=Evropa |07-2020=Ahemenidsko Carstvo |08-2020=Snježna sova |09-2020=Bizantijska umjetnost |10-2020=Egipat |11-2020=Mars |12-2020=Bioluminiscencija |01-2021=Računar |02-2021=Mat lovcem i skakačem |03-2021=Miroslav Blažević |04-2021=''Snježno kraljevstvo'' |05-2021=''Helicobacter pylori'' |06-2021=''Spužva Bob Skockani'' |07-2021=Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine Justinijanove i Heraklijeve dinastije |08-2021=Angola |09-2021=''Terminator'' (1984) |10-2021=Josip Broz Tito |11-2021=''Dookie'' |12-2021=Zvornik |01-2022=Slavko Avsenik |02-2022=Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen |03-2022=''Sonic Adventure'' |04-2022=''Zemlja nomada'' (film) |05-2022=Košarka na Olimpijskim igrama |06-2022=''Nimrod'' (album) |07-2022=Silovanja u ratu u Bosni i Hercegovini |08-2022=Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog‎‎ }} nef0ts7uwf5xd0hgyvcxlyrlqidjhh4 0 461279 3426999 3425747 2022-08-02T01:13:43Z Stephan1000000 115208 broj_epizoda wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija TV-emisija | ime = Better Call Saul | slika = Better Call Saul - Logo 2.svg | veličina_slike = | slika_alt = | opis_slike = | originalni_naslov = Better Call Saul | ime2 = | žanr = {{Plainlist| * [[Kriminalistički film|krimi]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ew.com/article/2015/01/21/better-call-saul |title=Better Call Saul |work=Entertainment Weekly |first=Jeff |last=Jensen |date=28. 1. 2015 |access-date=11. 3. 2020| language = en}}}</ref> * [[Pravosudna drama]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gq.com/story/better-call-saul-is-finally-becoming-breaking-bad |title=Better Call Saul Is Finally Becoming Breaking Bad |work=GQ |first=Scott |last=Meslow |date=10. 4. 2017 |access-date=11. 3. 2020| language = en}}</ref> * [[Crni humor|crna komedija]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2015/tv/reviews/tv-review-better-call-saul-1201409820/ |title=TV Review: 'Better Call Saul' |work=Variety |first=Brian |last=Lowry |date=21. 1. 2015 |access-date=11. 3. 2020| language = en}}</ref> * [[tragedija]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tvguide.com/news/better-call-saul-evolution-season-4-vince-gilligan-breaking-bad/ |title=Better Call Saul Has Evolved Into One of TV's Greatest Tragedies |work=TV Guide |first=Kaitlin |last=Thomas |date=2. 8. 2018 |access-date=11. 3. 2020| language = en}}</ref> }} | format = | autor = | bazirano_na = | razvoj = | pisac = | scenarij = {{Plainlist| * [[Vince Gilligan]] * [[Peter Gould (pisac)|Peter Gould]]}} | priča = | režiser = {{Plainlist| * [[Vince Gilligan]] * [[Peter Gould (pisac)|Peter Gould]]}} | stvaralački_režiseri = | predstavlja = | glumci = {{Plainlist| * [[Bob Odenkirk]] * [[Jonathan Banks]] * [[Rhea Seehorn]] * [[Patrick Fabian]] * [[Michael Mando]] * [[Michael McKean]] * [[Giancarlo Esposito]] * [[Tony Dalton]]}} | suci = | glasovi = | voditelj = | pripovjedač = | kompozitor_muzičke_teme = [[Little Barrie]] | uvodna_tema = | završna_tema = | kompozitori = [[Dave Porter (kompozitor)|Dave Porter]] | država = [[SAD]] | jezik = Engleski, španski, njemački | broj_sezona = 6 | broj_serijala = | broj_epizoda = 61 | spisak_epizoda = | producenti = {{Plainlist| * [[Bob Odenkirk]] * [[Nina Jack]] * [[Diane Mercer]] * [[Robin Sweet]] * [[Gordon Smith (scenarist)|Gordon Smith]] * [[Jonathan Glatzer]]}} | izvršni_producenti = {{Plainlist| * [[Vince Gilligan]] * [[Peter Gould]] * [[Mark Johnson (producent)|Mark Johnson]] * [[Melissa Bernstein]] * [[Thomas Schnauz]] * [[Gennifer Hutchison]]}} | montaža = | lokacija = [[Albuquerque]], [[New Mexico]] | kinematografija = {{Plainlist| * [[High Bridge Productions]] * [[Crystal Diner Productions]] * [[Gran Via Productions]] * [[Sony Pictures Television]]}} | kamerman = | trajanje = 41–60 minuta | produkcijska_kompanija = | distributer = Sony Pictures Television | budžet = | kanal = | format_slike = {{Plainlist| * [[1080i]] ([[16:9]] [[HDTV]]) * [[4K resolution|4K]] ([[Ultra-high-definition television|Ultra HD]])}} | format_tona = [[Dolby Digital|5.1]] | prvo_prikazano_u = SAD | prvo_emitiranje = 8. februar 2015. | zadnje_emitiranje = | u_BiH = | prethodno = ''[[Breaking Bad]]'' | sljedeće = | povezano = ''[[Talking Saul]]'' | web_stranica = | naslov_web_stranice = http://www.amc.com/shows/better-call-saul | web_stranica_produkcije = | naslov_web_stranica_produkcije = | imdb = 3032476 }} '''Better Call Saul''' je [[SAD|američka]] dramska kriminalistička televizijska serija, televizijske stanice [[AMC (televizija)|AMC]], sa elementima crnog humora u produkciji [[Vince Gilligan|Vinca Gilligana]] i [[Peter Gould|Petera Goulda]]. Serija je [[spin-off]] američke kriminalističke TV-serije [[Breaking Bad]] snimane od 2008-2013. Serija, o advokatu Jamesu McGillu, koji kasnije uzima ime ''Saul Goodman'', po ideji Petera Goulds za drugu sezonu serije Breaking Bad, prikazuje kao [[prequel]] uspon Jamesa McGilla šest godina prije nego što je upoznao [[Walter White|Waltera White]], glavnog junaka serije Breaking Bad.<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.ign.com/articles/2013/09/11/breaking-bad-spinoff-better-call-saul-confirmed | title =Breaking Bad Spinoff Series Better Call Saul Confirmed| last = | first = | date =11. 9. 2013 | website =www.ign.com | publisher = | access-date = 11. 3. 2020| language = en}}</ref> Prikazivanje serije je započelo 8. februara 2015. na američkoj televiziji AMC, a od iste godine dostupna je na [[Netflix]]u. Pored mnogobrojnih nominacija za TV-nagrade, serija je dobila nagrade: [[Peabody Award]], 23 [[Primetime Emmy Awards]], sedam [[Writers Guild of America Awards]], pet [[Critics' Choice Television Awards]],  [[Screen Actors Guild Award]] i dva [[Zlatni globus|Zlatna globusa]]. == Radnja == === 1. sezona === Radnja serije odvija se u 2002. godini. James Morgan "Jimmy" McGill ([[Bob Odenkirk]]) je neuspješni, slabo plaćeni advokat u [[Albuquerque]]ju, koji kao branitelj na sudu preživljava sa malim honorarima, a slučajeve dodijeljene od strane državnog tužilaštva, obrađuje ispod etičkih advokatskih normi. Osim toga brine se za svoga starijeg brata Charlesa "Chucka" McGilla ([[Michael McKean]]), bivšeg uspješnog advokata, koji nakon psihičkog sloma samodijagnosticira senzibiltet na električnu struju i magnetno zračenje. Chuck živi u svojoj kući, potpuno zamračenoj bez struje, a Jimmy mu donosi hranu, novine i led kojim hladi namirnice. Chuck je vodio sopstvenu uspješnu advokaturu po nazivom "Hamlin, Hamlin, McGill (HHM)", koju je usljed bolesti ostavio partneru Howardu Hamlinu ([[Patrick Fabian]]). Jimmy vodi privatni mali rat protiv Howarda Hamlina, ali uglavnom gubi. No, u svemu ga podržava stara prijateljica, takođe advokat u HHM-u Kimberley "Kim" Wexler ([[Rhea Seehorn]]). Retrospektivno se u toku sezone, otkriva da je Jimmy, inače porijeklom iz okoline [[Chicago|Chicaga]], ranije se održavao u životu sitnim prevarama kao ''Slippin' Jimmy''. Završivši u zatvoru u [[Cicero (Illinois)|Ciceru]] u [[Illinois]]u, zbog više optužbi, te zbog slučaja "Chicago Sunroof" biva registrovan kao seksualni prijestupnik, Chuck mu nudi da će mu biti branitelj, ali pod uslovom da se vrati normalnom životu. Jimmy izlazi iz zatvora i Chuck ga zapošljava kao ispomoć u svojoj advokaturi, za pomoć pri kopiranju dokumenata i raznošenju pošte. Istovremeno upisuje studij na dalijinu, na Univerzitetu u [[Američka Samoa|Američkoj Samoi]], te dobija advokatsku licencu. Chuck ga i dalje ne zapošljava kao advokata, pod izgovorom da je njegov partner Howard protiv. Jimmy postaje samostalni advokat, a svoje slučajeve i većinu svojih problema usljed nedostatka novca, rješava metodama koje graniče sa legalnošću, te dolaze i u konflikt sa zakonom. Istovremeno se prati i priča o Michaelu "Miku" Ehrmantrautu ([[Jonathan Banks]]), koji radi na naplati parkinga ispred suda u [[Albuquerque]]ju. Isprva se on i Jimmy ne slažu, uglavnom jer Jimmy pokušava da ne plati parking, ali se vremenom bolje upoznaju, kada Mike zamoli Jimmyja da mu pomogne na sudu, jer je optužen kao bivši policajac za ubojstvo dvojice korumpiranih policajaca, ubica njegovog sina, također policajca. Nakon ubistva sina, Mike se brine o svojoj snahi Stacey Ehrmantraut ([[Kerry Condon]]) i maloj unuki Kaylle. U staračkom domu Sandpiper Crossing, Jimmy otkriva prevaru i otuđivanje novaca od štićenika doma, koji su uglavnom njegovi klijenti kojima sastavlja testamente. Našavši u smeću uništene izrezane račune iz arhive, istražuje zajedno sa Chuckom, i otkriva pronevjeru novca. Dolazeći u sukob sa odvjetničkom kancelarijom Schweikart & Cokel, Chuck se kratko vraća u svoju advokaturu, pomađe Jimmyju, a Jimmy se i dalje nada da će započeti karijeru u HHM-u, ali zbog protivljenja Howarda Hamlina, Jimmy razočaran odlazi u posjetu kod prijatelja iz mladosti Marca Pasternaka ([[Mel Rodriguez]]) u Cicero. Iz prisjećanja na prošle dane, zajedno ponavljaju svoje male prevare, a u jednoj prevari Marco umire od srčanog infarkta i Jimmy se vraća u Albuquerqui. Kasnije saznaje da je zapravo Chuck uvijek bio protiv njegovog zapošljavanja, jer je smatrao da je nemoralno da Jimmy zbog svoje kriminalne prošlosti zastupa klijente njegove advokature. === 2. sezona === {{Sekcija}} === 3. sezona === {{Sekcija}} === 4. sezona === {{Sekcija}} === 5. sezona === {{Sekcija}} == Likovi == {{Glavni|Spisak likova u "Better Call Saul"}} {{Sekcija}} {{multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical | width = 125 | image1 = Bob Odenkirk by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg | caption1 = [[Bob Odenkirk]] ([[Saul Goodman|Jimmy McGill / Saul Goodman]]) | image2 = Jonathan Banks 2012 2.jpg | caption2 = [[Jonathan Banks]] ([[Mike Ehrmantraut]]) | image3 = Rhea Seehorn by Gage Skidmore.jpg | caption3 = [[Rhea Seehorn]] ([[Kim Wexler]]) | image4 = Patrick Fabian by Gage Skidmore.jpg | caption4 = [[Patrick Fabian]] ([[Howard Hamlin]]) | image5 = Michael Mando by Gage Skidmore.jpg | caption5 = [[Michael Mando]] ([[Nacho Varga]]) | image6 = MichaelMcKeanApr09cropped.jpg | caption6 = [[Michael McKean]] ([[Chuck McGill]]) | image7 = Giancarlo Esposito by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg | caption7 = [[Giancarlo Esposito]] ([[Gus Fring]]) | image8 = Tony Dalton (cropped).jpg | caption8 = [[Tony Dalton]] ([[Lalo Salamanca]]) }} == Epizode == {{Sekcija}} == Produkcija == {{Sekcija}} == Kritike == {{Sekcija}} == Nagrade == {{Sekcija}} == Napomene == {{napspisak}} == Reference == {{refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == * {{Official website|http://www.amc.com/shows/better-call-saul}} * {{IMDb title|3032476}} [[Kategorija:Better Call Saul]] [[Kategorija:Američke dramske serije iz 2010-ih]] [[Kategorija:Američke TV-serije sa početkom prikazivanja 2015.]] [[Kategorija:Američke kriminalističke serije iz 2010-ih]] [[Kategorija:Američke kriminalističke serije iz 2020-ih]] [[Kategorija:Američke dramske serije iz 2020-ih]] [[Kategorija:TV-emisije na engleskom jeziku]] [[Kategorija:Američke pravosudne serije iz 2010-ih]] [[Kategorija:Američke pravosudne serije iz 2020-ih]] [[Kategorija:Američke prequel TV-serije]] [[Kategorija:Breaking Bad]] [[Kategorija:Serije mreže AMC]] [[Kategorija:Američke crnohumorne serije iz 2010-ih]] [[Kategorija:Američke crnohumorne serije iz 2020-ih]] [[Kategorija:Američke TV-serije iz 2010-ih]] [[Kategorija:Američke TV-serije iz 2020-ih]] euo4ktovvi85aeuyeayzeu6rqd08g9v 4 466067 3426937 3425302 2022-08-01T18:42:01Z wikitext text/x-wiki 3426944 3426937 2022-08-01T18:54:22Z wikitext text/x-wiki 3426946 3426944 2022-08-01T18:56:19Z AnToni 2325 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Čaršija|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starija pitanja možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Pravopis break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> '''Dobro došli na odjeljak Čaršije za pomoć novim korisnicima!''' Ovdje možete postaviti sva pitanja koja se tiču osnova Wikipedija i njenog uređivanja. Postavljena pitanja i problemi bit će odgovoreni u što kraćem roku. Kad se problem riješi, onda ga označite šablonom {{tl|Urađeno}} ili {{tl|ok}}. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Postavi novo pitanje|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Pomoć&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #169086; border: #169086; color:white;}} </div> }} __TOC__ == Pomoć oko teksta == Zdravo, Da li mi neko može pomoći i pogledati jedan članak? Hoću da se uverim da je po kriterijumima Vikipedije pre no što ga postavim. Bila bih zahvalna na pomoći! Hvala unapred, Anđela : Zdravo! Budite slobodni postaviti tekst, ovo je slobodna enciklopedija, a iskusnije kolege će Vas uputiti za dalje. --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 10:03, 18 novembar 2020 (CET) : {{ping|Andjela.bonapart}}, evo i da spomenem kako bi vidjeli poruku :) --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 10:04, 18 novembar 2020 (CET) Hvala mnogo na odgovoru! Tekst sam postavila već jednom, ali rekli su mi da je promotivan. :( Mnogo bi mi značilo ako biste mogli da ga preletite (odista nije dugačak) i samo me uputite na deo koji je reklaman. I ja ću Vas spomenuti :) : {{ping|Mhare}} Oprosite što opet pišem! Da li ste videli moju prethodnu objavu? : {{ping|Mhare}} Hvala! :: Je li članak bio pisan s namjerom da bude reklama za Meridian? Koliko je Meridian Sport relevantan za opću enciklopediju? Pročitajte smjernicu [[Wikipedia:Relevantnost]] pa mi iskreno odgovorite. --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 23:11, 19 novembar 2020 (CET) @AnToni: zasto si izbrisao clanak o Narcisu Vucini, koji sam pravila mjesecima??? Vrati ga odmah na moje igraliste, molim! == Napisao sam clanak, ali ne znam ga objaviti == Dobar dan, Nisam vrlo iskusan korisnik racunala. Napisao sam opsiran clanak za Wikipediju, ali pretesko mi je ga urediti i objaviti. Da li ima neko, ko bi mi mogao s tim pomoci? Hvala unaprijed. --[[Korisnik:Haszcz|Haszcz]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Haszcz|razgovor]]) 17:04, 21 decembar 2020 (CET) :{{ping|Haszcz}} Pozdrav, pošto Vam je to prvo članak preporučio bih da ga prvo napravite na stranici Vašeg igrališta (samo kliknite ovaj crveni link i tu kopirajte Vaš tekst, [[Korisnik:Haszcz/Igralište]]) i neko od iskusnijih urednika će se potruditi da Vam pomogne. Također, jedna veoma bitna napomena, nakon svakog Vašeg komentara dodajte i Vaš potpis tako što ćete jednostavno kopirati sljedeći tekst na kraj Vašeg komentara <code><nowiki>--~~~~</nowiki></code>. --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 18:17, 21 decembar 2020 (CET) :{{ping|Semso98}} Hvala lijepa, tako cu i uraditi! --[[Korisnik:Haszcz|Haszcz]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 13:32, 22 decembar 2020 (CET) :: Također, imate i ovu lijepu uputu: [[Wikipedia:Vaš prvi članak]] --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 21:07, 22 decembar 2020 (CET) @AnToni: zasto si izbrisao clanak o Narcisu Vucini, koji sam pravila mjesecima??? Vrati ga odmah na moje igraliste, molim! == Izmjena podataka u clanku == Zdravo, da li je moguce ispraviti greske na ovom clanku https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljiljana_Masal Zamolila me sestra Ljiljane Masal da se neke stvari isprave koje su pogresne u clanku. Konkretno mjesto rodjenja je Vareš Majdan, a ne Majdan kod Vareša i po nacionalnosti je bila srpkinja, a ne hrvatica. Uredio sam to i poslao zahtjev, ali nista se nije promijenilo. Koliko se obicno ceka ta izmjena? Da li je moguce postaviti sliku na clanak? @AnToni: zasto si izbrisao clanak o Narcisu Vucini, koji sam pravila mjesecima??? Vrati ga odmah na moje igraliste, molim! == @AnToni: zasto si izbrisao clanak o Narcisu Vucini, koji sam pravila mjesecima??? Vrati ga odmah na moje igraliste, molim! == @AnToni: zasto si izbrisao clanak o Narcisu Vucini, koji sam pravila mjesecima??? Vrati ga odmah na moje igraliste, molim! :{{spomeni|Haszcz}}, ja sam prebacio članak na Vaše igralište: [[Korisnik:Haszcz/Narcis Vučina]] (imenski prostor Wikipedia se ne koristi za igrališta korisnika niti za nacrte članaka, već za stranice o pravilima i smjernicama, te drugim stvarima vezanim za rad na Wikipediji). Dovršite ga prema pravilima i smjernicama Wikipedije i prebacit ćemo ga u glavni imenski prostor. --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 21:18, 25 maj 2021 (CEST) == Boje partija == [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Izborni_dijagram/Partija/Doku/SI&stable=0&redirect=no Ovdje] ([https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Izborni_dijagram/Partija/Doku/SI&oldid=3415049 oldid]) je prikaz s greškom, ispis koda tabele; ako se ispatrolira i, osim [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon%3AIzborni_dijagram%2FPartija%2FDoku%2FSI&type=revision&diff=3415049&oldid=3049143 toga], [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon%3AIzborni_dijagram%2FPartija%2FSI&type=revision&diff=3415048&oldid=2677434 ovo], ispis je OK. Izmjene su na dvije stranice i validne su (ili nevalidne) zajedno, obje... --[[Posebno:Doprinosi/5.43.80.185|5.43.80.185]] 19:20, 17 maj 2022 (CEST) 8c98r3lx9ezm8k07hhhtkbuxwv313up 3427034 3426946 2022-08-02T10:37:54Z ClearDoer 144752 wikitext text/x-wiki 3427041 3427034 2022-08-02T10:40:26Z Base 49245 Vraćene izmjene korisnika [[Special:Contributions/ClearDoer|ClearDoer]] ([[User talk:ClearDoer|razgovor]]) na posljednju izmjenu korisnika [[User:AnToni|AnToni]] wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Čaršija|1= <div style="border-spacing: 3px; background-color: #f8f9fa; color: black; margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em; padding: 0.2em; float: right; clear: right; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; border:0;"> <div style="padding:10px;">Čaršija se automatski [[Pomoć:Arhiviranje stranica za razgovor|arhivira]]. Starija pitanja možete naći [[/Arhive|ovdje]].</div> <inputbox> bgcolor=transparent type=fulltext prefix=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Pravopis break=yes width=30 searchbuttonlabel=Traži break=no </inputbox> </div> '''Dobro došli na odjeljak Čaršije za pomoć novim korisnicima!''' Ovdje možete postaviti sva pitanja koja se tiču osnova Wikipedija i njenog uređivanja. Postavljena pitanja i problemi bit će odgovoreni u što kraćem roku. Kad se problem riješi, onda ga označite šablonom {{tl|Urađeno}} ili {{tl|ok}}. <div class="hlist left" style="margin-top:30px;"> * {{Dugme|Postavi novo pitanje|url=//bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Čaršija/Pomoć&action=edit&section=new|class=mw-ui-constructive|style=background: #169086; border: #169086; color:white;}} </div> }} __TOC__ == Pomoć oko teksta == Zdravo, Da li mi neko može pomoći i pogledati jedan članak? Hoću da se uverim da je po kriterijumima Vikipedije pre no što ga postavim. Bila bih zahvalna na pomoći! Hvala unapred, Anđela : Zdravo! Budite slobodni postaviti tekst, ovo je slobodna enciklopedija, a iskusnije kolege će Vas uputiti za dalje. --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 10:03, 18 novembar 2020 (CET) : {{ping|Andjela.bonapart}}, evo i da spomenem kako bi vidjeli poruku :) --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 10:04, 18 novembar 2020 (CET) Hvala mnogo na odgovoru! Tekst sam postavila već jednom, ali rekli su mi da je promotivan. :( Mnogo bi mi značilo ako biste mogli da ga preletite (odista nije dugačak) i samo me uputite na deo koji je reklaman. I ja ću Vas spomenuti :) : {{ping|Mhare}} Oprosite što opet pišem! Da li ste videli moju prethodnu objavu? : {{ping|Mhare}} Hvala! :: Je li članak bio pisan s namjerom da bude reklama za Meridian? Koliko je Meridian Sport relevantan za opću enciklopediju? Pročitajte smjernicu [[Wikipedia:Relevantnost]] pa mi iskreno odgovorite. --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 23:11, 19 novembar 2020 (CET) @AnToni: zasto si izbrisao clanak o Narcisu Vucini, koji sam pravila mjesecima??? Vrati ga odmah na moje igraliste, molim! == Napisao sam clanak, ali ne znam ga objaviti == Dobar dan, Nisam vrlo iskusan korisnik racunala. Napisao sam opsiran clanak za Wikipediju, ali pretesko mi je ga urediti i objaviti. Da li ima neko, ko bi mi mogao s tim pomoci? Hvala unaprijed. --[[Korisnik:Haszcz|Haszcz]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Haszcz|razgovor]]) 17:04, 21 decembar 2020 (CET) :{{ping|Haszcz}} Pozdrav, pošto Vam je to prvo članak preporučio bih da ga prvo napravite na stranici Vašeg igrališta (samo kliknite ovaj crveni link i tu kopirajte Vaš tekst, [[Korisnik:Haszcz/Igralište]]) i neko od iskusnijih urednika će se potruditi da Vam pomogne. Također, jedna veoma bitna napomena, nakon svakog Vašeg komentara dodajte i Vaš potpis tako što ćete jednostavno kopirati sljedeći tekst na kraj Vašeg komentara <code><nowiki>--~~~~</nowiki></code>. --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 18:17, 21 decembar 2020 (CET) :{{ping|Semso98}} Hvala lijepa, tako cu i uraditi! --[[Korisnik:Haszcz|Haszcz]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 13:32, 22 decembar 2020 (CET) :: Također, imate i ovu lijepu uputu: [[Wikipedia:Vaš prvi članak]] --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 21:07, 22 decembar 2020 (CET) @AnToni: zasto si izbrisao clanak o Narcisu Vucini, koji sam pravila mjesecima??? Vrati ga odmah na moje igraliste, molim! == Izmjena podataka u clanku == Zdravo, da li je moguce ispraviti greske na ovom clanku https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljiljana_Masal Zamolila me sestra Ljiljane Masal da se neke stvari isprave koje su pogresne u clanku. Konkretno mjesto rodjenja je Vareš Majdan, a ne Majdan kod Vareša i po nacionalnosti je bila srpkinja, a ne hrvatica. Uredio sam to i poslao zahtjev, ali nista se nije promijenilo. Koliko se obicno ceka ta izmjena? Da li je moguce postaviti sliku na clanak? @AnToni: zasto si izbrisao clanak o Narcisu Vucini, koji sam pravila mjesecima??? Vrati ga odmah na moje igraliste, molim! == @AnToni: zasto si izbrisao clanak o Narcisu Vucini, koji sam pravila mjesecima??? Vrati ga odmah na moje igraliste, molim! == @AnToni: zasto si izbrisao clanak o Narcisu Vucini, koji sam pravila mjesecima??? Vrati ga odmah na moje igraliste, molim! :{{spomeni|Haszcz}}, ja sam prebacio članak na Vaše igralište: [[Korisnik:Haszcz/Narcis Vučina]] (imenski prostor Wikipedia se ne koristi za igrališta korisnika niti za nacrte članaka, već za stranice o pravilima i smjernicama, te drugim stvarima vezanim za rad na Wikipediji). Dovršite ga prema pravilima i smjernicama Wikipedije i prebacit ćemo ga u glavni imenski prostor. --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 21:18, 25 maj 2021 (CEST) == Boje partija == [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Izborni_dijagram/Partija/Doku/SI&stable=0&redirect=no Ovdje] ([https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Izborni_dijagram/Partija/Doku/SI&oldid=3415049 oldid]) je prikaz s greškom, ispis koda tabele; ako se ispatrolira i, osim [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon%3AIzborni_dijagram%2FPartija%2FDoku%2FSI&type=revision&diff=3415049&oldid=3049143 toga], [https://bs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon%3AIzborni_dijagram%2FPartija%2FSI&type=revision&diff=3415048&oldid=2677434 ovo], ispis je OK. Izmjene su na dvije stranice i validne su (ili nevalidne) zajedno, obje... --[[Posebno:Doprinosi/5.43.80.185|5.43.80.185]] 19:20, 17 maj 2022 (CEST) 8c98r3lx9ezm8k07hhhtkbuxwv313up 0 469452 3426998 3424589 2022-08-02T00:18:25Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Nicholas Latifi | slika = FIA F1 Austria 2022 Nicholas Latifi (cropped).jpg | opis_slike = Latifi u 2022. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1995|06|29}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Montréal]], [[Kanada]] | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|KAN}} [[Kanada|Kanađanin]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | tim_2022 = [[Williams F1|Williams]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]] | broj_bolida = 6 | trke = 52 (52 početak) | prvenstva = 0 | pobjede = 0 | podiji = 0 | bodovi = 7 | prve_startne_pozicije = 0 | najbrži_krug = 0 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|VN Austrije 2020.]] | prva_pobjeda = | posljednja_pobjeda = | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = [[Formula 1 – sezona 2021.|2021.]] | posljednja_pozicija = 17. ( 7 bod) | aktualizirano = 01. 08. 2022. }} '''Nicholas Daniel Latifi''' ([[Montréal]], 26. juni 1995) [[Kanada|kanadski]] je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Williams F1|Williams]]-[[Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains|Mercedes]]. ==Sažetak karijere== {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" ! Godina ! Kategorija ! Tim ! Utrke ! Pobjede ! {{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} ! {{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} ! Podiji ! Bodovi ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !rowspan=2| 2012. |align=left| Italijanski Formula 3 Prvenstvo |align=left| BVM | 24 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 117 | 7. |- |align=left| Continental Tire Sports Car Challenge |align=left| Rehagen Racing | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 84. |- !rowspan=4| 2013. |align=left| FIA Formula 3 Evropsko Prvenstvo |align=left rowspan=3| Carlin | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | 15. |- |align=left| Britanski Formula 3 Prvenstvo | 11 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 97 | 5. |- |align=left| Masters of Formula 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7. |- |align=left| Toyota Racing Serija |align=left| Giles Motorsport | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 503 | 9. |- !rowspan=6| 2014. |align=left| FIA Formula 3 Evropsko Prvenstvo |align=left| Prema Powerteam | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 128 | 10. |- |align=left| Florida Zimska Serija |align=left| Ferrari Driver Academy | 12 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 7 | – | – |- |align=left| Porsche Carrera Cup VB |align=left| Redline Racing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 23. |- |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| Tech 1 Racing | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 20. |- |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| Hilmer Motorsport | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 32. |- |align=left| Velika nagrada Makaa |align=left| Prema Powerteam | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | 5. |- !rowspan=3| 2015. |align=left| Formula Renault 3.5 Serija |align=left| Arden Motorsport | 17 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 55 | 11. |- |align=left| Porsche Carrera Cup VB |align=left| Samsung SUHD TV Racing | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 11. |- |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| MP Motorsport | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27. |- ! 2016. |align=left| GP2 Serija |align=left| DAMS | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 16. |- ! 2017. |align=left| FIA Formula 2 Prvenstvo |align=left| DAMS | 21 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 178 | 5. |- ! 2018. |align=left| FIA Formula 2 Prvenstvo |align=left| DAMS | 24 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 91 | 9. |- ! 2019. |align=left| FIA Formula 2 Prvenstvo |align=left| DAMS | 22 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 214 |bgcolor="#DFDFDF"| '''2.''' |} == Karijera u Formuli 1 == {| class="wikitable" !Godina !Tim |- | 2018. || [[Force India]] |- | 2018. || [[Racing Point]] |- | 2019–2020. || [[Williams F1|Williams]] |} === Potpuni spisak rezultata u Formuli 1 === ([[Šablon:F1 driver results legend|Legenda]])(Utrke u '''podebljanim slovima''' označavaju najbolju startnu poziciju) (Utrke u ''kurzivu'' označuju najbrži krug utrke) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Godina ! Tim ! Šasija ! Motor ! 1. ! 2. ! 3. ! 4. ! 5. ! 6. ! 7. ! 8. ! 9. ! 10. ! 11. ! 12. ! 13. ! 14. ! 15. ! 16. ! 17. ! 18. ! 19. ! 20. ! 21. ! {{Tooltip|Bod.|Bodovi}} ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- | rowspan=2 | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2018.|2018.]] ! [[Force India|Sahara Force India F1 Team]] ! rowspan=2 | [[Force India VJM11]] ! rowspan=2 | [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M09 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2018.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2018.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2018.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2018.|AZE]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2018.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2018.|MON]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2018.|KAN]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2018.|FRA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2018.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2018.|VB]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2018.|NJE]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2018.|MAĐ]]<br /><small></small> | | | | | | | | | ! rowspan=2 | – ! rowspan=2 | – |- ! [[Racing Point|Racing Point Force India F1 Team]] | | | | | | | | | | | | | [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2018.|BEL]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Italije 2018.|ITA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2018.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2018.|RUS]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Japana 2018.|JAP]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2018.|SAD]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2018.|MEK]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2018.|BRA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2018.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2019.|2019.]] ! [[Williams F1|ROKiT Williams Racing]] ! [[Williams FW42]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M10 EQ Power+ 1.6 V6 t | [[Velika nagrada Australije 2019.|AUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2019.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Kine 2019.|KIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Azerbejdžana 2019.|AZE]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Španije 2019.|ŠPA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Monaka 2019.|MON]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Kanade 2019.|KAN]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Francuske 2019.|FRA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2019.|AUT]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2019.|VB]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Njemačke 2019.|NJE]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2019.|MAĐ]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2019.|BEL]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Italije 2019.|ITA]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Singapura 2019.|SIN]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2019.|RUS]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Japana 2019.|JAP]]<br /><small></small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Meksika 2019.|MEK]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada SAD-a 2019.|SAD]]<br /><small>VZT</small> |bgcolor="#E0FFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Brazila 2019.|BRA]]<br /><small>VZT</small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2019.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> ! – ! – |- | [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|2020.]] ! [[Williams F1|Williams Racing]] ! [[Williams FW43]] ! [[Mercedes GP|Mercedes-AMG]] F1 M11 EQ Performance 1.6 V6 t |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Austrije 2020.|AUT]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Štajerske 2020.|ŠTA]]<br /><small>17.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2020.|MAĐ]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Velike Britanije 2020.|VB]]<br /><small>15.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada 70. godišnjice|70.]]<br /><small>19.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Španije 2020.|ŠPA]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Belgije 2020.|BEL]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Italije 2020.|ITA]]<br /><small>11.</small> |bgcolor="#EFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Toskane 2020.|TOS]]<br /><small>Odu</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Rusije 2020.|RUS]]<br /><small>16.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Eifela 2020.|EIF]]<br /><small>14.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Portugala 2020.|POR]]<br /><small>18.</small> |bgcolor="#CFCFFF"| [[Velika nagrada Emilia-Romagne 2020.|EMI]]<br /><small>11.</small> | [[Velika nagrada Turske 2020.|TUR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2020.|BHR]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Sakhira 2020.|SAK]]<br /><small></small> | [[Velika nagrada Abu Dhabija 2020.|ABU]]<br /><small></small> | | | | ! 0* ! 20.* |} ''*'' Sezona u toku == Vanjski linkovi == * {{Commonscat-inline|Nicholas Latifi}} * [http://www.statsf1.com/en/nicholas-latifi.aspx Nicholas Latifi – statistika] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Latifi, Nicholas}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1995.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Montréal]] [[Kategorija:Kanadski vozači Formule 1]] mzb5e4uiyt5g3b3jkc8nc62jweon0eo 0 473864 3426926 3409720 2022-08-01T18:14:45Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bizantijska umjetnost tokom egzila (1204–1261) i vladavine dinastije Paleolog''' bilo je razdoblje [[Bizantijska umjetnost|bizantijske umjetnosti]] povezano s postojanjem [[Nikejsko Carstvo|Nikejskog Carstva]], te drugih država nasljednica [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]] i s vladavinom posljednjeg cara [[Konstantin XI|Konstantina XI]] iz dinastije Paleolog u obnovljenom Bizantijskom Carstvu između 1204. i 1453. Vladavina Paleologa bila je obilježena obnovom propadajućeg carstva i svijesti o državnoj i nacionalnoj kulturi.<ref name="AOBW">''Art of the Byzantine World'', Christa Schug-Wille, Harry N. Abrams, INC. Publishers, New York City, Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 75-92912, Germany, 1969., str. 200-252</ref> Figurativne umjetnosti, posebno religiozne slikarstvo, doživjelo je posljednje zlatno razdoblje u vrijeme Paleologa. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavile približavanje kraja bizantijske države, grčke radionice u kojima su radili mozaičari, slikari i vajari i dalje su bile vrlo zauzete i narudžbe nisu nedostajale. Uglavnom su dolazile od članova važnih plemićkih porodica iz Konstantinopolja i provincija, kao i od slavenskih, bugarskih i srpskih vladara koji su slijedili primjer bizantijskih careva. Većina umjetničkih djela urađenih za vrijeme vladavine Paleologa mogu se pronaċi u glavnom gradu carstva, Mistrasu, na sjeveru Grčke, u Srbiji i Bugarskoj.<ref name="AOBE">{{cite web|url=https://monoskop.org/images/9/99/Grabar_Andre_The_art_of_the_Byzantine_Empire_1967.pdf|title=The Art of the Byzantine Empire|work=monoskop.org|access-date=24. 3. 2021}}</ref> Zbog veoma uspješnog razvoja [[Filozofija|filozofije]], [[Nauka|nauke]] i umjetnosti, ovaj period historičari umjetnosti ponekad nazivaju i paleološkom renesansom ili trećim zlatnim dobom bizantijske umjetnosti.<ref name="AOBW"/> == Historijski okvir == [[Datoteka:Michael VIII Palaiologos (head).jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Car Mihael VIII Paleolog, utemeljitelj posljednje vladarske dinastije Bizantijskog Carstva.]] Vijekovi neprekidne rimske političke tradicije i [[Helenizam|helenističke]] civilizacije pretrpjeli su krizu 1204. nakon napada venecijanskih i francuskih vitezova na Konstantantinopolj u okviru [[Četvrti krstaški rat|Četvrtog krstaškog rata]]. Kao rezultat, Bizantijsko Carstvo privremeno je prestalo postojati, a njegov glavni grad, [[Konstantinopolj]] postao je sjedištem katoličkog [[Latinsko Carstvo|Latinskog Carstva]]. Tokom krstaške opsade veliki dio grada izgorio je, a naknadnom pljačkom krstaša dodatno je opustošen u to vrijeme najbogatiji evropski grad.<ref name="GOB">''The Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era'', Helen C. Evans, William D. Wixom, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, drugo izdanje, 1997, str. 12–19; {{ISBN|0-87099-777-7}}</ref> Opljačkani su svi oni umjetnički predmeti od izuzetne vrijednosti koji su bili gomilani u riznicama palača i crkava. Oltar u [[Aja Sofija|Haja Sofiji]] koji je bio ukrašen [[emajl]]ima i dragim kamenjem razbijen je na komade nad kojima su se vojnici borili, a [[ambon]] (povišeno mjesto u crkvi namijenjeno čitanju biblijskih tekstova u liturgiji) i ikonostas lišeni su zlatnih i srebrnih ukrasa. Plaćenici su u crkvu uvodili mazge koje bi natovarili opljačkanim dragocjenim predmetima. Čak i slike [[Isus Hrist|Isusa Hrista]] i svetaca nisu bile imune i koristile su se kao stepenice. Osvajači se na tome nisu zaustavili, a carske grobnice u [[Crkva svetih apostola u Carigradu|Crkvi svetih apostola]] (grč. Agioi Apostoloi) bile su opljačkane zbog svog bogatstva. Ukradena su i drevna remek djela iz cijelog grčkog svijeta koja su ukrašavala Konstantinopolj. [[Bronza]]ni kipovi bacani su u peć, gdje su pretopljeni i od kojih su pravljeni teški novčići. Mnogo toga se izgubilo, a i sami Bizantinci izgubili su modele kojima su mnogo puta bili nadahnuti i čije postojanje je tako doprinijelo održavanju kulta ljepote.<ref name="BA">Bayet, Charles. Byzatine Art. New York : Parkstone Press International, 2009. ISBN 978-1-84484-620-7. str. 157 – 164.</ref> Uništavanje tokom napada na grad, te naknadno zanemarivanje naročito gradske sekularne arhitekture ostavilo nam je nepotpuno razumijevanje bizantijske umjetnosti. Broj gradskog stanovništva znatno se smanjio, što je utjecalo i na broj naučnika, umjetnika i zanatlija. Konstantinopolj je izgubio ulogu glavnog kreativnog središta u [[Istočna Evropa|istočnoj Evropi]] i [[Mediteran]]u, a Bizantijsko Carstvo nikad više neċe u potpunosti povratiti nekadašnju slavu i prosperitet. Osim nekoliko boljih [[Freska|freski]] i [[minijatura]] nastalih prije nego što su ga Bizantinci predvođeni [[Mihael VIII Paleolog|Mihaelom VIII Paleologom]] ponovo zauzeli 1261, nije proizvedeno mnogo inovativne umjetnosti.<ref name="GOB"/> Tokom perioda latinske vladavine, intervencija grčkih pravoslavnih umjetnika u Konstantinopolju nije mnogo uočljiva na jedinom sačuvanom fragmentu freske (scena iz života svetog [[Franjo Asiški|Franje Asiškog]] otkrivena u Kalenderhane džamiji). Saradnja između grčkih i latinskih umjetnika može se naći i u drugim djelima poput [[Slonovača|slonovače]] proizvedene u rimskoj [[Palestina (pokrajina)|Palestini]] za princezu Melissande. Odjeċa i draperije na ovoj skulpturi ukazuje na miješanje latinskog i grčkog umjetniċkog stila. Glavno središte bizantijske umjetnosti postalo je Nikejsko Carstvo u [[Mala Azija|Maloj Aziji]], u kojoj je dinastija Laskaris došla na vlast. Velika masa grčkih učenjaka i zanatlija stigla je do Nikeje i nastavila da razvija bizantijsku umjetnost i nauku pod pokroviteljstvom careva u emigraciji. Tokom latinske vladavine, Bizantijsko Carstvo je posljednji put iskusilo veliki utjecaj anadolskog [[Helenizam|helenizma]] u svom stvaralaštvu, jer je u narednom vijeku carstvo potpuno izgubilo Anadoliju.<ref name="BA"/> U manjoj mjeri, bizantijska umjetnost preživjela je i na teritorijama manjih novonastalih država - [[Epirska Despotovina|Epira]] i Trapezunta, gdje su lokalni autonomni vladari vjerovatno zapošljavali domaće zanatlije. U Srbiji, Bugarskoj ili drugim zemljama u okruženju mogu se pronaći radovi matičnih škola koje se prilično razlikuju od ranijih bizantijskih djela, ali neki od njihovih elemenata svjedoče o snažnom utjecaju primjera iz [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|komnenskog perioda]]. Međutim, za historiju umjetnosti pojam "nacionalnosti" umjetnika manje je važan od namjere umjetnika da grade crkvu "à la maniera greca" (u grčkom maniru). [[Datoteka:LatinEmpire2.png|thumb|400px|lijevo|Podjela Bizantijskog Carstva 1204, neposredno nakon [[Četvrti krstaški rat|Četvrtog krstaškog rata]]]] Period krize u izgnanstvu i naknadno ponovno osvajanje glavnog grada i latinskih teritorija pod komandom vladara iz dinastije Paleolog donijeli su nova iskustva u bizantijsku umjetnost. Preuzeti su pogledi na umjetnost od privremenih osvajača, kao i drugih naroda bizantijskog kulturnog kruga. Nakon povratka glavnog grada pod vlast nove dinastije Paleolog, bizantijski umjetnici razvili su novo zanimanje za krajolik i pastoralnu scenu i tradicionalni mozaik. Donijeta su nova iskustva u bizantinsku umjetnost preuzeta iz zapadne, ali i iz umjetnosti susjednih pravoslavnih zemalja. Međutim, Bizantijsko Carstvo, a s njim i paleološka umjetnost, i dalje je karakterizirala znatna decentralizacija. U umjetničkoj aktivnosti njene posljedice mogu se vidjeti u raspoloženju arhitektonskih spomenika na tom području, od brojnih hramova u Srbiji (npr. [[manastir Sopoċani]]), preko Makedonije i Soluna do umjetnosti u Epiru (današnja [[Albanija]] i [[Grčka]]) i [[Mistras]]u na [[Peloponez]]u. U duhovnom okruženju razvija se i preovladava molitvena tradicija [[Istihaza|istihaze]]. Zajedno s tim izgrađuje se i niz stilski raznovrsnih manastira na visokim stijenama, poznatih pod nazivom [[Meteora]]. Glavno središte srednjovjekovnih kaluđera i isposnika na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]] se širi, u kojem je svaki veći pravoslavni narod postepeno gradio svoj manastir. Uloga svetogorskih manastira povećala se još više tokom perioda istihaze.No, pored ovih tradicionalnih tema pojavljuje se i nova tema: ljudska figura, koja se na sarkofazima nije vidjela od ranobizantskog razdoblja. Predstave ljudi, njihovi portreti pokojnika i svetaca, Krista i Bogorodice, ponovno se pojavljuju u to vrijeme u nizu vrsta skulptura, posebno onih povezanih s grobnicom. Istaknutost ljudskog lika u vizantijskoj skulpturi izmenila je 13. i 15. vijeka ukazuju na trajno interesovanje bizantijskih skulptora za drevne oblike i stilove, inspirisane grčko-rimskim skulpturama sačuvanim na bizantskim teritorijima.''Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261 - 1557)'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, prvo izdanje, 2004, str. 5–15, 17–92, 95–103; {{ISBN|1-58839-113-2}}</ref> U manastirima na Svetoj gori čuvaju se bogate zbirke dobro očuvanih bizantijskih i srednjovjekovnih artefakata, rijetkih knjiga, drevnih dokumenata i umjetnina od ogromne historijske vrijednosti.<ref name="ARS">{{Cite web|url=https://arsartisticadventureofmankind.wordpress.com/2015/06/08/the-byzantine-monasteries-of-mount-athos-in-greece-and-the-byzantine-art-in-the-balkan-peninsula/|title=The Byzantine monasteries of Mount Athos in Greece and the Byzantine art in the Balkan Peninsula|work=arsartisticadventureofmankind.wordpress.com|access-date=10. 8. 2021}}</ref> Bizantijska umjetnost nastavila se širiti prema [[Rusija|Rusiji]], [[Venecija|Veneciji]] i na [[Balkan]]u, ali nije imala utjecaja na muslimanske [[Turci|Turke]]. Uprkos uspješnoj obnovi, zlatno doba Bizantijskog Carstva bilo je prošlost. Prijetnja novim krstaškim ratom, borbama s Osmanlijama i neprestanim građanskim ratovima 1320. - 1350. oslabila je carstvo i dovela do gubitka brojnih teritorija, a ostao je samo [[Peloponez|Peloponesko poluostrvo]], uski pojas oko glavnog grada i neka ostrva na Egejskom moru. U posljednjim godinama postojanja Bizantijskog Carstva u zemlji se počeo manifestirati svojevrsni dualizam moći - glavni centar moći u Carigradu, koji je nestao 1453, i drugi centar moći u Mistrasu - [[Morejska Despotovina]]. Moreja na Peloponezu također je postala važno umjetničko središte, koje je nastavilo sa svojom umjetnikom aktivnošću i nakon propasti Bizantije.<ref name="BFP">''Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261–1557)'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, prvo izdanje, 2004, str. 5–15, 17–92, 95–250; {{ISBN|1-58839-113-2}}</ref> Italijanske zemlje, posebno [[Mletačka Republika]] i njihovo ostrvo [[Kreta]], postale su važno izgnanstvo za bizantijske umjetnike, gdje je bizantijska umjetnička tradicija trajala dugo nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja posljednje bizantijske države nasljednice. [[Kretska škola]] je postepeno uvodila zapadne elemente u svoj umjetnički stil i izvozila je veliki broj [[ikona]] na zapad. Njeni najpoznatiji svjetski umjetnici bili su [[El Greco]] i [[Mihael Damaskenos]]. Najveći preporod doživljavaju [[Mozaik|mozaici]] i [[Freska|freske]], koje se očituju dinamičnošću i narativnošću, a slike stvaraju zamršene tapiserije. Boje i veličina detalja također se mijenjaju i smanjuju. Najvažniji mozaici urađeni za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog sačuvani su u [[Manastir Hora|manastiru Hora]] i u [[Manastir Pammakaristos|manastiru Pammakaristos]] u [[Istanbul]]u. Iako se čini da su mozaici i freske [[Crkva svetih apostola|Crkve svetih apostola]] u [[Solun]]u djelo umjetnika iz Konstantinopolja koje je unajmio patrijarh Nefon 1312–1315, u gotovo svim slučajevima talentovani lokalni slikari radili su u Srbiji. Tokom razdoblja vladavine Paleologa anonimnost umjetničkih djela djelimično nestaje, jer su neki umjetnici svoja djela potpisivali od kraja 12. vijeka. Poznata su nam imena poput [[Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa|Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape]], koji su radili na ukrašavanju nekoliko crkava za srpskog kralja [[Uroš II Milutin|Uroša II. Milutina]] (1282 - 1321) i koji su naslikali veliki dio ikona koje su danas u [[Crkva svetog Klimenta|crkvi svetog Klimenta]] u [[Ohrid]]u. Iz ovog perioda sačuvan je i veliki broj drvenih panel-ikona čiji kvalitet izrade varira u zavisnosti od radionice gdje su izrađene, a radionice u Konstantinopolju održavale su relativno pristojan nivo kvaliteta izrade. Karakterizirali su ih manje strog pristup, novo uvažavanje čisto dekorativnih svojstava slike pri čemu je velika pažnja bila usmjerena prema detaljima, a sve ovo je općenito postalo poznato kao paleološki manirizam. Preovladavaju svijetle tople boje i shematski [[Zlato|zlatni]] slojevi naneseni potezima slikarske četkice. Kvalitet ikona varira u zavisnosti od proizvodne radionice, a radionice u Konstantinopolju održavaju relativno pristojan nivo. U hramovima su veliki mozaik ili ikonične slike bili okačeni ili na stubove pregrade ([[ikonostas]], [[templon]]) ili na ulazu u [[Brod (arhitektura)|brod]], kao što je to bio slučaj u crkvi Hora u Konstantinopolju, gdje su približno 1326. mozaici koji prikazuju sv. Petra i Pavla vode pogled vjernika u svetište. Međutim, gotovo svi ukrasi ovog tipa uništeni su tokom vremena. U [[Iluminacija|iluminaciji]] knjiga djela ne dosežu nivo iz prethodnih razdoblja i kvalitetnija djela su prilično rijetka, ali portreti na knjigama su novost. Zahvaljujući njima sačuvano je nekoliko carskih portreta. Kao i mnoge [[Minijatura|minijature]] iz tog vremena, naslikane su na odvojenim listovima ugrađenim u rukopise i stoga nisu djelo pisara. Umjetnici su koristili različite tehnike, pa su stoga neka heterogena djela možda potekla od jednog autora, uprkos anahronoj, ali uvriježenoj ideji specijalizacije. Slikari su zimi vjerovatno izrađivali ikone i rukopise, a ljeti [[Freska|freske]]. U 14. vijeku ne može se primijetiti veliki porast broja knjiga koje su opisivali laici i ilustrirali umjetnici koji nisu mogli biti ni sveštenici ni monasi. U umjetnosti izrade malih predmeta uočljiv je pad kvaliteta u odnosu na ranija razdoblja. Gubitak istočnih teritorija značio je nedostatak skupljih materijala, posebno [[Slonovača|slonovače]] i plemenitih metala. Proizvodnja je uglavnom bila usmjerena na drvo, a [[keramika]] se također više koristila. Težina radova također se smanjuje, a [[filigran]] postaje popularan. Više pažnje posvećeno je zaštiti ikona, a izrađuju se metalni okviri i keramičke pločice za ikone. Umjetnost izrade tkanina i vezova doživjela je znatan razvoj.<ref name="AOBE"/><ref name="BFP"/> == Izrada mozaika == [[Datoteka:Deesis mosaic Hagia Sophia.jpg|thumb|300px|desno|[[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaik]], smješten u zatvorenom carskom dijelu gornjih galerija u Haja Sofiji, predstavlja jedan od najboljih primjera paleološke renesanse.]] Pljačka Konstantinopolja koju su izveli krstaši 1204. dovela je do pada upotrebe mozaičke umjetnosti tokom sljedećih pola vijeka. Nakon bizantijskog oslobađanja grada 1261, Aja Sofija je obnovljena, a bizantijski umjetnici uradili su monumentalni [[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|deisis mozaik]] koji je urađen u svrhu obilježavanja oslobađanja od latinske okupacije. Na ovom mozaiku prikazan je Hristos uz kojeg su Bogorodica i sveti Ivan Krstitelj približno dva i po puta veći od prirodne veličine. Veličina ove tri figure odražava njihovu važnost u bizantijskoj kulturi. Tema u deisis mozaiku u kojem Bogorodica i sveti Jovan Krstitelj imaju ulogu posrednika kod Hrista u ime čovječanstva česta je u umjetnosti u raznim medijima od srednjobizantijskog razdoblja, pa nadalje, gdje se često upotrebljavala [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicija]] slična ovoj iz Haja Sofije. Također, ilustrirano je šire stremljenje ka [[Naturalizam|naturalizmu]] (oponašanje vidljivog svijeta) u kasnoj bizantijskoj umjetnosti. Smatra se jednim od najfinijih i najpoznatijih mozaika u Aja Sofiji zbog mehkoće njegovih karakteristika, intenzivnih emotivnih izraza humanosti i tonova, te spretnosti umjetnika prilikom njegove izade. Umjetnički stil blizak je stilu italijanskih slikara s kraja 13. i početka 14. vijeka, poput [[Duccio|Duccia]], i predstavlja najavu promjena u ranom [[Italijansko renesansno slikarstvo|italijanskom renesansnom slikarstvu]], a ujedno je jedan od najboljih primjera paleološke renesanse.<ref name="BFP"/><ref>{{Cite web|url= https://smarthistory.org/deesis-christ-with-the-virgin-mary-and-john-the-baptist-hagia-sophia-istanbul/|title= Late Byzantine naturalism: Hagia Sophia’s Deësis mosaic|website= smarthistory.org|access-date= 26. 3. 2021}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Istanbul - Chiesa Pammacaristos (Fetiye camii) - Cupola - Foto G. Dall'Orto 26-5-2006.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Pogled na središnju kupolu pareklesiona sa Hristom Pantokratorom okruženog prorocima iz [[Stari zavjet|Starog zavjeta]], manastir Bogorodica Pammakaristos]] Bizantijski humanizam doživio je novi procvat za vrijeme vladavine cara [[Andronik II Paleolog|Andronika II]] (1282. - 1328.) i njegova dva savjetnika [[Nikifor Humna|Nikiforom Humnom]] i [[Teodor Metohit|Teodorom Metohitom]], humanizam [[platon]]skog nadahnuća koji je u Bizantijsko Carstvo unio sekularni ton koji je postao novi i kojim je umjetnicima data nova svrha i smjer.<ref name="AOBW"/> Do kraja 13. vijeka prepoznatljiv oblik aristokratskog pokroviteljstva u Konstantinopolju bio je dodavanje novih građevina na već postojećim manastirima. Dva najambicioznija projekta iz tog vremena su [[paraklesion]] (pogrebna kapela), dodata [[Manastir Bogorodica Pammakaristos|manastiru Bogorodice Pammakaristos]] (danas Fetiye džamija) i obnova [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]] (danas džamija Kariye muzesi). U periodu između 1305 - 10 udovica bivšeg generala Michaela Glabasa Tarchaneiotesa, dala je da se pored manastira Bogorodice Pammakaristos izgradi mauzolej u obliku minijaturne crkve u obliku grčkog krsta posvećene Hristu. Mozaici su pažljivo planirani da funkcionišu kao ikone u čast preminulih. Izvođenje mozaika otkriva obrazac rada koji je tipičan nakon 1261. Hristos u kupoli uobičajena je slika Pantokratora, a umjetnik koji je to uradio vjerovatno je mnogo puta predstavljao Hrista u ovom obliku. Za razliku od Hrista u apsidi, koji je dio deisis grupe i žarište posredničkog ciklusa, bio je posebno tretiran i mnogo duguje novom modelu Hrista u [[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|deisis mozaiku iz Aja Sofije]]. Međusobna povezanost ova dva cilja, tradicionalnog i eksperimentalnog, dinamika je umjetničkog stvaralaštva uočljivijeg nakon 1261. u odnosu na raniji period.<ref name="RC">''Byzantine Art'', Robin Cormack, Oxford University Press, objavljena 2000., {{ISBN|0-19-284211-0}}, str. 120, 207-215</ref> [[datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople (6).JPG|thumb|250px|desno|Mozaik na kojem je prikazan [[Teodor Metohit]] (lijevo), glavni donator obnove i unutrašnje dekoracije manastira Hora]] Najvažniji sačuvani mozaici iz vremena kasne bizantijske umjetnosti danas se mogu naċi u nekadašnjem manastiru Hora u Istanbulu. Svi mozaici u kupoli i polukružnoj [[Luneta|luneti]] na narteksu relativno su dobro očuvani, a između 1948. i 1958. obnovljeni su pod vodstvom direktora Američkog bizantijskog instituta Paula Adkinsa Underwooda. Ciklus biblijskih scena u bogatom, ukrasnom obrascu, sa svim vrstama fantastičnih životinjskih oblika, pokazuje izraženu sklonost klasičnim i ranohrišćanskim oblicima. U odabiru tema, primjetan je povratak bizantijskoj tradiciji nakon [[Bizantijski ikonoklazam|ikonoklazma]], ali s više pažnje posvećene ljudskom aspektu, podsjećajuċi na kasnije mozaike u [[Bazilika svetog Marka|bazilici svetog Marka]].<ref name="AOBW"/> Najvažniji narativni ciklusi smješteni su u sjevernom krilu unutrašnjeg ulaznog trijema (narteksa), u kojima je životna priča Bogorodice prikazana na osamnaest prekrasnih mozaičkih panela. Stručnjaci smatraju da je ovaj cjelovit prikaz Bogorodice (od njenog začeća od strane majke Ane, pa sve do smrti) vrlo rijedak u hrišćanskoj umjetnosti. Isto tako, u sjevernom krilu vanjskog narteksa prikazane su važne faze iz života svete porodice, rođenje i krštenje Isusa Hrista i druge scene iz njegovog života.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.mybeautifulistanbul.com/2020/10/20/the-beautiful-mosaics-and-frescoes-of-the-chora/|title= The Beautiful Mosaics and Frescoes of the Chora|work= mybeautifulistanbul.com|access-date= 16. 5. 2021}}</ref> Mozaička i fresko dekoracija u manastiru Hora urađena je pod pokroviteljstvom Teodora Metohita (slika desno), koji se pojavljuje u mozaiku smještenom iznad zapadnih vrata od unutrašnjeg narteksa do svetilišta, predstavljajući Hristu, koji je na prijestolju, maketu manastira Hora. Odjeven je u bogatu svilenu nošnju i veliki šešir dvorskog službenika.<ref name="ABE">''Art of the Byzantine Era'', David Talbot Rice, "Frederick A. Praeger Inc.", New York City 1963, Kongresna biblioteka SAD-a pod brojem 63-16444, str. 223–264.</ref> Iako su u crkvi Hora napravljeni neki od najvažnijih pomaka i inovacija iz vremena kasne bizantijske umjetnosti, bizantolozi svrstavaju neke od mozaičkih i fresko ciklusa u ovom sakralnom objektu kao "konzervativne", a najbolji primjer je mozaik Uspenja svete Marije. Međutim, uočljivo je da je umjetnik morao tražiti modele i ponekad je morao ispunjavati slobodne zidne prostore konvencionalnim motivima. Prepoznatljiva osobina pri dizajniranju ovih scena je upotreba [[Perspektiva (likovna umjetnost)|perspektive]] za stvaranje slikovitog prostora u kojem se priča odvija, ali bizantijski pronalasci u raščišćavanjima razlikuju se od kasnijih [[Renesansa|renesansnih]] konstrukcija prema jednoj tački nestajanja (osnova kasnijeg fresko ciklusa u paraklezijumu ove crkve). Umjesto toga, linije građevina u pozadini mozaika ukrštaju se na figurama u prvom planu i ističu radnju i priču. U ukrašavanju se također poklanja pažnja upotrebom bogatih i raznolikih ukrasa i obruba. Mozaici i zidne slike u crkvi Hora uvode nove ideje i dizajne u bizantijsku monumentalnu umjetnost, od kojih su neke proizašle iz poznavanja međunarodnih ideja tog doba.<ref name="RC"/> Postoji još određeni broj sačuvanih mozaika iz nekadašnjih konstantinopoljskih manastira koji su nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja grada preinačeni u džamije. Latinsko kraljevstvo Solun, koje su osnovali krstaši, trajalo je samo od 1204. do 1224, a čini se da su gradske crkve u Solunu pretrpjele mnogo manje štete i zanemarivanja u odnosu na konstantinopoljske. Crkva iz 14. vijeka, izvorno posvećena Bogorodici, koja se danas naziva [[Crkva svetih apostola (Solun)|Crkvi svetih apostola]], ukrašena je u svojim središnjim dijelovima mozaicima, a zidnim slikama u manje važnim područjima. Prisustvo monograma patrijarha [[Nifont I Carigradski|Nifonta I Carigradskog]] daje godinu 1329. kao precizan datum izgradnje i njene unutrašnje dekoracije. Od unutrašnje dekoracije najviše se ističe izvanredni mozaički prikaz Preobraženja Hristovog (pogledati galeriju).<ref>''Early Christian and Byzantine art'', John Lowden, Phaidon Press Limited, London, prvo izdanje, 1997. str. 402; {{ISBN|0 7148 3168 9}}</ref> Bitni su i mnogobrojni minijaturni mozaici iz Mistrasa na Peloponezu,<ref name="BAEA">''Byzantine art, a European art. Zappeion Exhibition Hall, Athens, 1964, Greece Council of Europe, str. 213–215.</ref> koji su preneseni u mali arheološki muzej grada na Áyios Níkonosu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.roughguides.com/greece/the-peloponnese/sparti-sparta-and-around/|title=Spárti (Sparta) and around|work=roughguides.com|access-date=3. 8. 2021}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Mozaička galerija"> Datoteka:Άγιοι Απόστολοι Θεσσαλονίκης. Η Μεταμόρφωση του Χριστού. Ψηφιδωτή παράσταση των ετών 1310-1314.jpg|Preobraženje Hristovog, Crkva svetih apostola u Solunu Datoteka:HSX Mary genealogy.jpg|Bogorodica sa djetetom u sredini mozaika, okružena starozavjetnim predacima, manastir Hora Datoteka:Chora Christ south coupole.jpg|Hrist Pantokrator okružen starozavjetnim predacima, Manastir Hora Datoteka:HSX Koimetesis.jpg|Uspenje svete Marije (Koimesis, manastir Hora Datoteka: Istanbul - Chiesa Pammacaristos (Fetiye camii) - San Gregorio armeniaco - Foto G. Dall'Orto 26-5-2006.jpg|Sveti Gregorije Armenac, manastir Bogorodice Pammakaristos u Istanbulu Datoteka:Istanbul Kariye museum Naos Jesus Christ june 2019 2372.jpg|Isus Hrist, manastir Hora Datoteka:Istanbul Kariye museum Naos Theodokos june 2019 2375.jpg|Bogorodica i dijete, manastir Hora Datoteka:StPeter-mosaic-from-Chora-church-in-Istanbul.jpg|Mozaik na kojem je prikazan sveti Petar kako drži ključeve raja, manstir Hora Datoteka:Paul in Chora.jpg|Mozaik svetog Pavla, manastir Hora </gallery> == Slikarstvo == Usljed nastavljanja gubitka teritorija i slabljenja carstva, posljednji period bizantijske umjetnosti prepoznatljiv je po preovladavajuċoj zastupljenosti zidnog slikarstva, koje je bilo jeftinije u odnosu na izradu mozaika i luksuznih predmeta od dragih metala i [[slonovača|slonovače]]. Tokom posljednjeg razdoblja bizantijske umjetnosti, slikarstvo se nastavilo i ubrzano je davalo sve veći zamah novim stilovima što otkriva određenu težnju za obnovom. Jedan od najprepoznatljivijih stilova na zidnim slikama je onaj koji se obično naziva "makedonski". Ovaj stil je izvanredan po svojoj tendenciji da prikaže ljudsku dramu i da je naglasi svim sredstvima koja ima na raspolaganju: uznemireni pokreti, dinamični stavovi, živahne geste, kontrasti u boji, uvećani prostori. Ljudske figure, često izvanredni [[portret]]i dobijaju težinu i volumen, pri čemu su široke draperije prožete posebnim izražajem, [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicija]] postaje šira i postiže epsku veličinu. Čini se da ova tendencija ka revolucionarnijem izrazu svijeta nije trajala više od dvije ili tri decenije počevši od kraja 13. pa sve do početka 14. vijeka. Ovom pokretu pripadali su umjetnici poput [[Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa|Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape]] i [[Manuel Panselin]] iz Soluna, koje mnogi historičari umjetnosti smatraju najvažnijim pripadnicima Solunske slikarske škole.<ref name="BAEA"/> Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa radili su freske visokog kvaliteta u manastirima u [[Ohrid]]u, Skoplju (crkva Bogorodice Peribleptos, crkva svetog Nikite i crkva svetog Georgija u Staro Nagoričane, 40 km sjeverozapadno od Skoplja), kao i crkvi Bogorodice Ljeviške u [[Prizren]]u, dok je Manuel Pselos slikao freske na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]].<ref>Early Christian and Byzantine Art, John Lowden, prvo izdanje od strane Phaidon Press Limited, London, 1997; {{ISBN|0-7148-3168-9}}, str. 404-407</ref> Bizantijski umjetnici za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog razvili su novo zanimanje za pejzaž i pastoralnu scenu, postepeno otvarajući put detaljnim narativnim freskama. O tome najbolje svjedoči velika grupa umjetničkih djela pronađenih u manastirima u Mistrasu na Peloponezu. Najveći dio ovog razdoblja protekao je u znaku zidnog slikarstva, koje se očituje dinamičnošću i narativnošću, gdje slike stvaraju složene tapiserije. Boje i veličina detalja također se mijenjaju i smanjuju. Pažnja se posvećuje arhitektonskim detaljima građevina i prirodi koji su u pozadini slike, pri čemu se napušta hijerarhijska frontalna krutost. Figuralna umjetnost, a posebno religiozno slikarstvo, doživjeli su dugotrajni posljednji prosperitetni period. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavljivale predstojeći kraj Bizantijskog Carstva, rad grčkih mozaičara, slikara i vajara i dalje je bio veoma tražen, uglavnom od članova važnih plemićkih porodica iz Konstantinopolja i provincija, kao i od bugarskih i srpskih knezova koji su slijedili umjetničke primjere Bizantinaca. Nekoliko drugih dovoljno prosperitetnih središta bili su u stanju održavati lokalnu tradiciju u arhitekturi i ukrašavanju sakralnih objekata tokom dužeg perioda. Većina umjetničkih djela iz paleološkog razdoblja bila je u drugom najvažnijem gradu carstva u to vrijeme – Mistrasu. Korak unazad bila je umjetnost hesihizma iz druge polovine 14. vijeka, u čijim je djelima izostala elegancija iz prethodnog vremena.<ref name="BAEA"/> === Freske === [[Datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople 2007 013.jpg|thumb|350px|desno|Freska Hristovog uskrsnuća iz manastira Hora predstavlja jedan od napoznatijih primjera fresko slikarstva iz vremena paleološke renesanse]] Najbolji primjeri "makedonskog" stila fresko slikarstva tokom paleološke renesanse čuvaju se u paraklezijumu crkve Hora u Istanbulu, čije freske predstavljaju dokaz o zidnom slikarstvu u glavnom gradu Bizantijskog Carstva s početka 14. vijeka. Slikarski stil koji je tu bio razvijen ima svu živost i epsku raskoš iz vremena prve bizantijske slikarske škole bez naglaska na dramskom elementu, kao i svu gracioznost Hora mozaika i fresaka. Posebno je u crkvi Hora uočljivo da je ikonografski i vjerski program bio mnogo širi u odnosu na raniji period i odgovarao je opštim ukrasnim kretanjima u slikarstvu. Očigledna je i tendencija da se kroz mozaike i freske crkva pretvori u ilustriranu knjigu koja će vjernike podučavati o svemu što ima veze s njihovom vjerom. Pritom se naglašava liturgija, ali dekoracija u cjelini ide mnogo dalje. Najbolji dokaz za sve veċ navedeno su sačuvani opširni fresko ciklusi u pareklezijumu crkve Hora u kojima se uspostavljaju evokativne veze između [[Stari zavjet|Starog]] i [[Novi zavjet|Novog zavjeta]]. Istovremeno, oni otkrivaju blisku vezu između fresko programa i same svrhe pogrebne kapele. Vrhunac fresko ciklusa je ostvaren u izvanrednim prikazima Sudnjeg dana (pogledati galeriju) i [[Isusovo uskrsnuċe (freska iz manastira Hora)|Isusovog uskrsnuċa]] (slika desno). Posebno je važna freska Hristovog uskrsnuċa (grčki: Anastasis), koja je za razliku od ranijih krutih i statičnih prikaza na istu temu veoma dinamična. U njoj, Hrist pobjeđuje [[Sotona|sotonu]] i ruši vrata [[Pakao|pakla]], te snažnim pokretom hvata za ruke Adama i Evu izvlačeċi ih iz njihovih grobova. Na taj način spašava njihove duše iz pakla, gdje su bili zbog činjenice da su ličnosti iz [[Knjiga postanka|Knjige postanka]] te su živjeli u vrijeme prije dolaska Hrista. Tjelesni pokreti psihološki su intenzivni, a izražajnost držanja likova u ovoj fresci prevladavaju. Dramatična radnja je predstavljena izvanrednim osjećajem fizičkog pokreta i sile. Tri središnje figure dramatično se kreću po vertikalnoj osi i tjelesnim položajima uz dodavanje geometrijskih oblika, stvaraju osjećaj dijagonale i horizontalnog kretanja. Odjeća i draperije služe za sugeriranje stavova, pokreta i djelovanja tijela. Precizno ocrtavanje zamjenjuje nazubljenu apstrakciju draperije koja je bila prepoznatljiva u [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|bizantijskoj umjetnosti za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen]].<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p291911/pdf/4.-The-Fresco-of-the-Anastasis-in-the-Chora-Church.pdf|title= ''The Fresco of the Anastasis in the Chora Church''|work= press-files.anu.edu.au|access-date= 22. 7. 2021}}</ref> Između 1290-ih i 1420-ih grad Mistras na jugu [[Grčka|Grčke]] bio je takmac Konstantinopolju na kulturnom polju. Bio je posljednje veliko bizantijsko središte izučavanja koje je privlačilo intelektualce i umjetnike na čijem je čelu bio filozof [[Gemistus Pletho]]. Istovremeno, bio je i glavno administrativno središte na [[Peloponez]]u kada je izgrađen i ukrašen veliki broj crkava i manastira. Među njima su najvažniji crkva svetog Toedora, [[manastir Pantanassa]] i [[manastir Peribleptos]] u kojima su sačuvani neki od vrijednih primjera fresko slikarstva iz tog perioda (pogledati galeriju).<ref name="BA"/> Opširni fresko ciklusi koji pokrivaju unutrašnjost manastira Peribleptos nastali su između 1350. i 1375. Ova djela povezana su s kretskom i makedonskom umjetničkom školom.<ref>Hamilton, J. Arnott (1956). Byzantine Architecture and Decoration. London: Jarrold and Sons. str. 194–195.</ref> Prema riječima historičarke umjetnosti Annie Labatt: {{Citat|"prostor i pokreti tretirani su sa zapadnjačkim osjećajem na ovim freskama".}}<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/fwbz/hd_fwbz.htm|title=Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|last=Labatt|first=Annie|date=2000|website=Metropolitan Museum of Art|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|access-date=10. 3. 2016}}</ref> Još važnije od bilo kojeg grčkog kopnenog umjetničkog središta iz ovog perioda bilo je ostrvo [[Kreta]], gdje je sačuvano više od 600 crkava ukrašenih vrijednim freskama. Iako male veličinom, ogromna veċina crkava na Kreti ukrašene su u 14. i 15. vijeku, što potvrđuje procvat slikarstva. Uz pomoć natpisa moguće je, naprimjer, pratiti dugu karijeru slikara po imenu [[Joannis Pagomenos]]. Bio je jedan je od najvažnijih slikara na ostrvu jer je stvorio okvir za poznatu [[Kretska škola|Kretsku školu]] fresko slikarstva, čiji je rad dokumentiran u osam sačuvanih crkava na zapadu Krete. Budući da je njegova slikarska karijera trajala između 1313. i 1347, slikao je vjerovatno još mnogo drugih freski u crkvama na ostrvu. Tokom ovog dugog razdoblja prosperiteta i umjetničkih aktivnosti Kreta nije bila dio Bizantijskog Carstva.<ref name="BAEA"/> Jedno od veoma važnih područja fresko slikarstva za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog jest i područje današnje [[Sjeverna Makedonija|Sjeverne Makedonije]]. Freske u crkvi Bogorodice Peribleptos u Skoplju predstavljaju neka od prvih djela najprestižnijih srednjovjekovnih bizantijskih slikara Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape. Njihova dramatična izražajnost bila je osnova novog trenda u bizantijskoj umjetnosti iz ove epohe, poznatije kao "renesansa Paleologa", koja je bila posljednje poglavlje bizantijske umjetnosti. Na zidovima ove crkve, izvanrednom vitalnošću, snagom i očiglednim emocijama, naslikali su prizore iz života Bogorodice i Isusa Hrista. Ovdje je umjetnost Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape iz temelja promijenila vizuelnu koncepciju bizantijskog svijeta, uvodeći nove ideale za građane i skromne religiozne ljude tadašnjeg Bizantijskog Carstva. Naslikali su deset ciklusa fresaka u oltaru, naosu i narteksu (priprati), koje priedstavljaju jedan od najbogatijih ciklusa fresaka u cijelom bizantijskom svijetu, posvećen životu Bogorodice (pogledati galeriju). Također, ova crkva ima najveći broj sačuvanih potpisa ove dvojice umjetnika skrivenih u freskama.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://experience-macedonia.com/the-holy-mother-of-god-peribleptos/|title= The Holy Mother of God – Peribleptos in Ohrid|work=experiece-macedonia.com|access-date=29. 7. 2021}}</ref> Bitno je napomenuti i stari grad [[Ber]] na sjevery Grčke sa crkvom Isusovog uskrsnuća, u kojoj su neke od veoma kvalitetnih fresaka iz 1315, koje su djelo tada najpoznatijeg solunskog slikara [[Georgios Kaliergis|Georgisa Kaliergisa]], a po kvalitetu mogu se uporediti sa freskama u crkvi Hora kao i freskama u najstarijim solunskim crkvama (pogledati galeriju).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/31058516/Painters_in_the_Late_Byzantine_World_1204-1453_Monumental_Painting_in_Byzantium_and_Beyond_New_Perspectives._Byzantine_Studies_Colloquium_Dumbarton_Oaks_Washington_DC_November_4_2016_full_text_without_footnotes|title=''Painters in the Late Byzantine World (1204-1453), Monumental Painting in Byzantium and Beyond: New Perspectives. Byzantine Studies Colloquium''|work=academia.edu|access-date=12. 8. 2021}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Fresko galerija"> Datoteka: Izgonuvanjeto na trgovcite od hramot Sv. Nikita Banjani.jpg|Isus rastjeruje lihvare iz jevrejskog hrama u Jerusalemu, fresku su uradili Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa, Crkva svetog Nikite u selu Banjani kod Skoplja. Datoteka:Ljeviska002.jpg|Razgovor apostola, freska u crkvi Bogorodica Ljeviška u Prizrenu. Datoteka:Meister der Peribleptos-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|Scena Hristovog rođenja, freska u manastiru Peribleptos u Mistri na Peloponezu. Datoteka: Church of Saint George in Staro Nagorichino, Communion of the Apostles in the apse.jpg|Pričest apostola, freska u crkvi svetog Georgija, Staro Nagoričane kod Skoplja. Datoteka:Jacob's ladder and Jacob wrestling an angel.jpg|Scena hrvanja sa anđelom i sveti Jakov koji leži na podu u donjem lijevom uglu, dok su pored njega stepenice koje vode ka raju. Freska u crkvi Hora. Datoteka:Deesis of the Judgement day mosaic at Chora.jpg|Fresko prikaz Sudnjeg dana, manastir Hora, Istanbul Datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople 2007 010.jpg|Pogled na fresko cikluse u paraklezijumu manastira Hora Datoteka:Istanbul Chora Church 01.jpg|Freska u kupoli na kojoj je u središnjem medaljonu prikazana Bogorodica, dok su okolo prikazani njeni preci, manastir Hora. Datoteka: Meister der Pantanassa-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|Freska u manastiru Pantanassa na Peloponezu sa prikazom scene buđenja Lazara. Datoteka: Олтар-Богородица Перивлепта.jpg|Životopis Bogorodice, fresko prikaz u crkvi Bogorodice Peribletos u Skoplju. Datoteka: AngelNikita.jpg|Zidna freska sa prikazom anđela u crkvi svetog Nikite u selu Gornjane kod Skoplja. Datoteka: Christ Church in Veria Resurrection Fresco on the Southern Wall by Georgios Kalliergis, 1315.gif|Fresko prikaz Isusa Hrista, južni zid crkve Isusovog uskrsnuća u gradu Ber na sjeveru Grčke. </gallery> === Ikone === [[Datoteka: Богородица лешочка- август 2015 (5).JPG|thumb|450px|Ikonostas u crkvi Uspenja svete Bogorodice [[Lešočki manastir]], Sjeverna Makedonija.]] Među osobinama koje najočiglednije razlikuju kasnobizantijsku umjetnost je i količina ikona naslikanih na panelima. Ni iz jednog ranijeg razdoblja bizantijske umjetnosti paneli nisu sačuvani u tako velikom broju kao i njihovim velikim dimenzijama. Ikone su oduvijek postojale u monumentalnim dimenzijama, ali u zidnim slikama sa freskama, mozaicima ili vitražima, a ne kao slike na panelima. Također, isto slikovno izlaganje cvjetalo je kod ličnih i ikona malih razmjera.<ref name="BFP"/> Naslikane ikone na drvenim panelima bile su jeftinije od mozaika ili predmeta od slonovače, pa su zato postajale sve brojnije i važnije nego što su bile u ranijim vremenima. Od približno 1300. godine, pa nadalje postale su jedan od najvažnijih oblika umjetničkog izražavanja.<ref name="ABE"/> Zbog činjenice da se kasnobizantijska crkvena dekoracija sastojala uglavnom od zidnog slikarstva i ikona, zbog toga su potonje sve više bile u središtu pažnje i pokroviteljstva. Ovo je i glavni razlog što je veliki broj ikona iz tog vremena sačuvan do danas, a upravo je ovo medij u kojem je uočljiv utjecaj zapadne umjetnosti. Ono što je u 12. vijeku u [[Manastir svetog Neofita|manastiru svetog Neofita]] na [[Kipar|Kipru]], kada je [[Teodor Apseudes]] potpisao i datirao svoju sliku, bilo izuzetak, postalo je redovna pojava u kasnobizantijskom periodu. Još jedan umjetnik, [[Angelos Akotantos]], koji je radio na Kritu u prvoj polovini 15. vijeka potpisao je brojne ikone. Nezavisno je dokumentovan kroz njegovu sačuvanu oporuku u notarskim arhivama na Kreti napisanu 1436. Bio je plodni slikar, a njegove ikone pokazuju sposobnost da zadovolje potražnju za tradicionalnim slikama ili slikama u kojima su primjetni izrazito zapadnjački detalji ili konvencije. Ova dva već navedena bizantijska umjetnika bila su vrlo utjecajna, počevši od rada najvažnijeg ruskog ikonopisca [[Andrej Rubljov|Andreja Rubljova]] i njegovih sljedbenika, koji su bili pod direktnim utjecajem stvaralaštva [[Teofan Grk|Teofana Grka]], te karakteru kretskog ikonopistva, koje je na kraju doveolo do umjetnika poput [[El Greco|El Greca]], koji duguju Angelosu Akotantosu.<ref name="RC"/> Karakter svetog prostora u pravoslavnim crkvama promijenio se još više tokom 14. vijeka. U okviru [[templon]]a koji je između [[naos]]a i svetišta već od 8. vijeka počele su se držati ikone, često oslikane i postavljene u pregrade sa scenama iz 12 glavnih hrišćanskih svetkovina. Sljedeća faza bila je transformacija templonske strukture u neprozirni visoki [[ikonostas]] koji je držao nekoliko redova ikona, čije veličine su prilagođavane templonskoj strukturi.<ref name="RC"/> Na ikonostasu su korištene ikone dvije različite veličine - veće u donjoj polovini pregrade sa slikama Hrista, Bogorodice s Djetetom, arhanđela ili sveca zaštitnika crkve. Gornji red ikona na templonu je veličine približno pola metra ili malo više, Ulazna vrata u svetiste slikana su sa scenom [[Blagovijest]]i ili sa svecima (grčki: dodekaorton). raspoređene u standardiziranim nizovima: obično prikaz velikog [[Deisis]]a u kojem pored Hrista stoje Bogorodica i Ivan Krstitelj, scene iz 12 glavnih hrišćanskih svetkovina, te ciklus glavnih scena [[Bogojavljenje|Bogojavljenja]] iz života Hrista i Bogorodice. Ikone ove veličine također su bile pohranjene u znatnom broju na prolazima i zidovima svetišta crkava i stavljene su za štovanje na stalku za ikone (proskynetarion). Na ikonama iz ovog perioda uočljiva je osjetljiva međuigra između likova i okolnog prostora u [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicijama]] s jednim likom, gdje slikovni oblik istovremeno daje utisak siluete u odnosu na zlatnu podlogu i modeliran je kao da je obavijen trodimenzionalno u svojoj svjetlosti. U scenama prikazanim na kasnobizantijskim ikonama likovi se ne pojavljuju uz tlo, već unutar prostornog okruženja, čija se postavka dramatično proširuje u paleološkoj umjetnosti, ostavljajući likove male u svojim strmim prostorima. Koliko god ti prostori bili veliki, oni daju utisak napetosti i rječito su vezani za ljudske geste koje ih iscrtavaju. Takva prostorna rječitost odlično je odgovarala slikama pustinjskog asketizma. Pustinjski prizori su duboko ukorijenjeni u bizantijskoj iluminaciji knjiga, ali od kasnog 13. vijeka, pa nadalje počeli su se koristiti i u ikonoslikarstvu.<ref name="BFP"/> ==== "Ohridske ikone" ==== [[Datoteka:Ohrid annunciation icon.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Navještenje Bogorodice, dimenzije 93 x 68 cm, urađena u Konstantinopolju, rani 14. vijek, tempera i zlato na drvetu, sa posrebrenom i emajliranom oblogom, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu.]] Za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog slikanje panela i ukrasnih ploča dobilo je tako snažan poticaj da se primjeri mogu naći svugdje gdje je utjecaj Bizantije dosegao. Ova nova potražnja za prenosivim ikonama rezultat je uvođenja ikonostasa u crkve. U Ohridu i Svetoj gori identifikovan je znatan broj uvezenih ikona. Ohridske ikone predstavljaju važne primjere u razvoju kasnobizantijskog ikonopisa, a odigrale su i važnu ulogu u kasnijem razvoju srpskog ikonopisa. U Ohridu postoje dvije važne ikone koje potječu s početka 14. vijeka, a koje predstavljaju znamenitosti u kasnobizantijskoj historiji umjetnosti. Na njima su prikazi Hrista i Bogorodice kao spasitelje duša. Ohridski nadbiskup Grgur II prebacio je ove ikone u katedralu u Ohridu.<ref name="AOBW"/> Ova dvostrana ikona lijep je primjer savremenih umjetničkih tendencija u bizantijskoj prijestolnici tokom kasnobizantijskog perioda. Na prednjoj strani ikone pojavljuje se polovina figure Bogorodice. Njeno svečano, savršeno očuvano lice izražava blagu strogost. Na rukama drži malog Hrista čija je glava prekrivena blijedocrvenkastim pramenovima. Biste arhanđela [[Mihael (arhanđel)|Mihaela]] i [[Gabriel]]a prikazane su u uglovima na vrhu ikone. Cijela pozadina i okvir prekriveni su složeno ukrašenom srebrnom oblogom, koja je sama po sebi remek-djelo. Zajedno s geometrijskim i cvjetnim ornamentima, poput stiliziranih rozeta, ikona je ukrašena reljefno dotjeranim likovima. Slika Bogorodice okružena je okvirom s grbom u sredini s bistom Hrista Pantokratora, okruženom simetrično raspoređenim poprsjima. Bogorodica nosi naziv Psychosostria, koja predstavlja varijaciju Bogorodice Hodegetrije (ona koja ukazuje na pravi put). Na poleđini je ikona sa prizorom [[Blagovijest]]i i smatra se jednim od najboljih ostvarenja bizantijskog ikonopisa paleološke renesanse (slika desno). Likovi arhanđela Gabriela i Bogorodice prikazani su vješto, a postavljeni su kao kipovi na postoljima u definiranom prostoru nasuprot oštroj arhitektonskoj pozadini.<ref name="BFP"/> Proporcije su prekrasno razrađene između veličanstvenih arhitektonskih obilježja u pozadini i figura ispred njih, a tu je i kontrapuntalni sklad između anđela koji se brzo približava, te spokojne i nepomične Bogorodice. Igra kontrasta postignuta je postavljanjem svijetle odjeće arhanđela naspram Bogorodičine gotovo u potpunosti tamne odjeće. Vizije su obavijene mehkom sjenom, koje jedva da najavljuju misteriju ispod zamišljenog zlatnog rajskog neba. Sve već navedeno, uz igru svjetla i sjene i blistavih boja različitih objekata učinila je ovu scenu dragocjenim izvorom nadahnuća za kasnije slikare unutar bizantijske sfere utjecaja.<ref name="AOBW"/> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija ikona"> Datoteka:Christ Psychosostis, Early XIV Century, St Mary Perivleptos Church, Ohrid Icon Gallery.jpg|Ikona Hrista, [[tempera]], platno na drvetu, u srebrnoj podlozi, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu, rani 14. vijek. Datoteka:Climent of Ohrid.jpg|Ikona svetog Klimenta, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu, 14. vijek. Datoteka:Harrowing of hell (Constantinople, 14th c.).jpg|Ikona Hristovog Uskrsnuća iz 14. vijeka, dimenzije 47,2 x 62 cm, nepoznati slikar iz Konstantinopolja. Datoteka:Ikonenkalender 1973-11.png|Apostol Matej, ikona iz 14. vijeka. Datoteka:Saints of Sinai.jpg|Sveti očevi, ikona iz manastira svete Katarine na Sinaju. Datoteka:Back side of a double-sided icon depicting the Crucifixion (14th cent.) at the Byzantine and Christian Museum on 12 April 2019.jpg|Hristovo Raspeće, pozadina dvostrane ikone iz 14. vijeka, Bizantijski i hrišćanski muzej u Atini. Datoteka:Saint Mary with Christ Icon from Annunciation Church in Thessaloniki, circa 1300.jpg|Bogorodica i Dijete, ikona iz 1300, crkva svetog Bogojavljenja u Solunu. Datoteka:Crucifixion, II Half of XIII Century, St Mary Perivleptos Church, Ohrid Icon Gallery.jpg|Hristovo Raspeće, ikona iz druge polovine 13. vijeka, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu. </gallery> === Iluminacija === [[Datoteka: Chrysobull of Alexius III of Trebizond.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Iluminirana Zlatna bula cara [[Aleksij III od Trapezunta|Aleksija III od Trapezunta]].]] Osvojivši Konstantinopolj 1261, Bizantinci su u grad vratili tradiciju proizvodnje ukrasnih rukopisa koja je bila ozbiljno narušena tokom latinske okupacije. Tokom vladavine dinastije Paleolog došlo je do početka izrade rukopisnih knjiga koje su parirale najboljim djelima iz prethodnih vijekova, a koje spadaju u najsjajnije izvedene primjere zanata rukopisne iluminacije dotad. Ovo umjetničko dostignuće potpuno zamagljuje hronično teško novčano stanje onih koji su naručili te radove. Uočljiva je i pojava napuštanja tradicionalne anonimnosti bizantijskih umjetnika usljed sve većeg broja potpisanih iluminiranih knjiga. Radovi se sve više izrađuju od papira, a proizvodnja [[pergament]]a prestaje. Od 14. vijeka pa nadalje znatno raste broj knjiga koje prepisuju laici i ilustruju umjetnici u odnosu na ranije, kada su to uglavnom radili sveštenici i monasi. Čak i u ovom posljednjem periodu bizantijske umjetnosti najvažnije mecene bili su članovi carske porodice, koji su, osim iluminiranih rukopisa, davali da se izrade i carski dokumenti ([[Zlatna bula|zlatne bule]]). Jedna od njih je Zlatna bula cara [[Andronik II Paleolog|Andronika II Paleologa]] iz 1301. godine (čuva se u Bizantijskom muzeju u [[Atina|Atini]]), dok je druga naručena od cara Aleksija III od Trapezunta i njegove supruge [[Teodora Kantakuzena|Teodore Kantakuzene]] 1374. godine (slika desno). Početkom vladavine dinastije Paleolog, carica Teodora, supruga cara Mihaela VIII Paleologa odigrala je važnu ulogu u naručivanju veċeg broja knjiga najvišeg kvaliteta. Iako samo jedna knjiga ima paleologinske monograme, čini se da ima prateći tom u Djelima apostolskim i Poslanici. Također, evanđelje i psaltir (koji se danas čuvaju u Nacionalnoj biblioteci u Parizu) očito su proizvodi istih majstora. Ovi radovi pokazuju karakterističan arhaizirajući rukopis, nastao iz takozvanog "Perlschrifta" iz druge polovine 11. vijeka. Ova vrsta iluminacije prepoznatljiva je po izvanredno jasnoj i elegantnoj ruci, koja se u to vrijeme koristila prilično često i veoma je različita od pomalo nevještih kurzivnih ruku nekih prepisivača klasičnih autora. Iluminacije u ovim knjigama su također elegantne i arhaične, odražavajući pažljivo proučavanje minijatura iz 10. i 11. vijeka. Carica Teodora je zaposlila iste iluminatore prilikom izrade tipikona grobne dinastičke crkve koju je restaurirala u manastiru Lips u Konstantinopolju, ali u ovom slučaju pisari su bili iz carske kancelarije. Carica Ana, udovica cara Andronika III naručila je izradu psaltira iz manastira Iveron, koji je uradio pisar Hariton 1346. u manastiru Hodegon. Pisari iz istog manastira uradili su visokokvalitetne knjige po narudžbi cara Ivana VI kao poklon manastiru Vatopedi na Svetoj gori, od kojih je sačuvano 26. Kopiji spisa prvog [[Atina|atinskog]] nadbiskupa iz 1. vijeka, [[Dionisije Aeropagit|Dionisija Aeropagita]], koju je izradio carski bilježnik Mihail Klostomalles 1380-ih, dodana su poglavlja za cara [[Manuel II Paleolog|Manuela II Paleologa]], a koju je njegov legat Manuel Chrysoloras poklonio opatiji Saint Denis kraj [[Pariz]]a 1408. Da bi bio dostojan carski poklon, rukopisu su dodana poglavlja sa autorovim portretom sveca i slikom carske porodice. Rukopis je važan po portretima cara Manuela II. Ostale vrste pokroviteljstva ukazuju na obrazac veoma promjenljivih troškova prilikom iluminacije rukopisa, na koji ukazuje kvalitet materijala i njegove izrade. Ponekad su donatori predstavljeni prema tradicionalnoj formuli. Jedan primjer za to je ogroman tom [[Hipokratov korpus|Hipokratovog korpusa]], zbirka od približno 60 starogrčkih spisa o [[Medicina|medicini]], koje je napisao [[Hipokrat]]. Ima uvodne dvije stranice u kojima se prilikom otvaranja otkriva portret pokrovitelja Aleksija Apokauka, službenika cara Ivana V, koji predstavlja djelo Hipokratu, koji je prikazan na stranici okrenutoj prema njemu. Obje slike pomalo sliče tradicionalnim portretima evangelista. Zanimljivost je u tome da je tekst u knjizi pisan na italijanskom [[papir]]u sa vodenim žigom, dok je slika na dvostrukoj stranici naslikana na [[pergament]]u. Iako je većina iluminiranih rukopisa iz ovog perioda urađena u Konstantinopolju, ipak je dobar dio njih urađen u Solunu, Atini i Mistri na Peloponezu. Većina iluminiranih knjiga za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog proizvedena je vjerovatno naprečac (ad hoc) od strane pojedinaca, u saradnji ili samostalno, eventualno monaha, sveštenika ili laika. Umjetnici koji su slikali slike za umetanje u takve knjige povremeno su bili i pisari, a radili su kao ikonopisci, te sezonski, kao i slikari, kao što je u pisanim izvorima naveden primjer [[Teofan Grk|Teofana Grka]], [[mural]] i ikonopisac aktivan u to vrijeme u Rusiji. Čest rezultat tradicije rada na visoko uglačanim površinama od veluma bilo je djelomično ljuštenje slika. Ovo propadanje je počelo već u bizantijsko doba. Zbog toga su pripadnici carske dinastije Paleolog s vremena na vrijeme naručivali restauriranje starih knjiga, kao naprimjer, prvih osam knjiga [[Biblija|Biblije]] ("Octateuch"), koje se danas čuvaju u [[Vatikanska biblioteka|Vatikanskoj biblioteci]]. Nakon 1261. bizantijski iluminatori usredsredili su se na evanđelje prema zahtjevima mecena koji su naručivali puni tekst knjiga evanđelja, obilježena i indeksirana za liturgijska čitanja. Nekoliko iluminiranih knjiga evanđelja koje imaju opsežne narativne cikluse privuklo je veliku pažnju historičara umjetnosti. Razlog tome je mogućnost da su tokom posljednjih nekoliko decenija 13. vijeka [[Firenca|firentinski]] i [[Siena|sienski]] umjetnici konsultovati knjige poput ovih za njihovu ikonografiju bizantijskog evanđelja i glatko izvedenog stila draperije i slikanja dijelova golog tijela. Osim evanđelja, rađene su nove verzije već postojećih rukopisa. Ova kombinacija koegzistiranja tradicije i inovacije određena je pravoslavnim stavom o religioznim slikama: upotreba slika je bila opravdana autoritetom tradicije koja potječe iz apostolskih vremena, ali je novotarija sama po sebi (grčki: "kainotomija") osuđena kao heretička. Ovo se odnosi i na većinu bizantijske umjetnosti koja je rađena prema vrlo zahtjevnim parametrima.<ref name="BFP"/> Paleološki iluminatori, poput monumentalnih slikara, stvarali su dramatična i emocionalna djela koja nude stepen naturalizma nepoznat u ranijoj bizantijskoj umjetnosti. Time su postavili temelje za kasnije slikarstvo u Grčkoj, na Balkanu i u Rusiji.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/illuminatedmanuscripts|title= ''Byzantine Art and Architecture''|work= libguides.ku.edu.tr|access-date= 4. 1. 2022}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija iluminacije"> Datoteka::John VI Kantakouzenos.jpg|Ivan VI Kantakuzen na saboru u Carigradu 1351. Datoteka:Crossing_of_the_Red_Sea_by_the_Jews,_Byzantine_illuminated_manuscript.jpg|Prelazak Jevreja preko Crvenog mora, bizantijski rukopis iz 13. vijeka, Nacionalna biblioteka Rusije Datoteka:Denis l'Aréopagite - Louvre MR416.jpg|Portret Dionizija Areopagita iz iluminirane knjige, početak 15. vijeka Datoteka:Manuel II Paleologus.jpg|Manuel II. Paleolog, bizantijski car od 1391. do smrti 1425. Datoteka:MichaelOfTverRGB173Fol17v.jpg|Iluminacija iz hronike Georgija Hamartola, 13 - 14. vijek, [[Nacionalna biblioteka Rusije]] Datoteka:Bodleian_Library_MS._Gr._th._f._1_3v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 1v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 4v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 54v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 2v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Alexander poisoned Hellenic Institute codex 5.JPG|Priča o Aleksandru Velikom, bizantijska iluminacija iz 14. vijeka, (''Kodeks Helenskog instituta 5. tom str. 193'') Datoteka:Jews Byzantine Greek Alexander Manuscript (cropped).JPG|Priča o Aleksandru Velikom, bizantijska iluminacija iz 14. vijeka, (''Kodeks Helenskog instituta 5. tom str. 193'') Datoteka:Manuel II Helena sons.JPG|Car Manuel II i carica Helena sa sinovima, iluminacija iz knjige, [[tempera]] na [[pergament]]u </gallery> == Skulptura == [[Datoteka:0129 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Gothic arcosolium - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 2009.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Dijelovi [[arkosolijum]]a (niše iznad grobnica u kojima je sahranjena važna ličnost). Oni su bili izloženi u zidovima katakombi. [36]urađeni u [[Gotika|gotskom]] stilu tokom latinske vladavine u 13. vijeku, Bizantijski muzej u Atini.]] U kasnobizantijskom razdoblju, kao i u ranijim godinama carstva, središnja briga vjernika bilo je sjećanje na mrtve. Iako su tradicije obilježavanja sjeċanja na mrtve bile stare, njihov utjecaj na crkvenu umjetnost dramatično se povećao u posljednjim vijekovima postojanja carstva. Sve više su unutrašnjost crkvi, a često i njihov vanjski dio, bile predmet izgradnje grobnih spomenika. Usljed sve te ekonomske situacije uzrokovane gubitkom teritorija koje su zauzele krstaška i turska vojska kao i smanjenje broja bogatih donatora u katedralama i manastirima u gradovima i izvan gradova, došlo je do problema sa ispunjavanjem njihovih fiskalnih obaveza sa sve manjim prihodima. Zbog toga su donatori morali uložiti novac, kao i imovinu u zamjenu za pravo na takve obrede kao što je sahrana u crkvi ili izgradnja ukrasne grobnice. Oblik većine kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga znatno odstupa od tradicionalne, monolitne vrste kovčega s čvrstim kamenim tijelom i odvojenim poklopcem. Najčešća vrsta sarkofaga od 13. do 15. vijeka sastoji se od zasebnih kamenih ploča, od kojih su neke uzete sa ranijih spomenika i isklesane, a neke tek izvađene. Ikonografija kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga pokriva širok raspon motiva. Dekorativni elementi isklesani na zidovima i poklopcima kovčega, zajedno s pogrebnim natpisima, obuhvataju krstove, cvjetne i geometrijske oblike, poput isprepletenih medaljona, vinove loze i drveća. Tu su takoder i prikazi životinja, među kojima su mitski grifoni, lavovi i ptice (zajedno sa jednoglavim i dvoglavim orlovima), prikazani u scenama borbi ili kako stoje u profilu. Pored ovih tradicionalnih tema pojavljuje se i nova tema: ljudska figura, koja se na sarkofazima nije vidjela od ranobizantijskog razdoblja. Predstave ljudi, njihovi portreti pokojnika i svetaca, te Hrista i Bogorodice, ponovno se pojavljuju tokom tog razdoblja u nizu vrsta skulptura, posebno onih povezanih s grobnicom. Istaknutost ljudskog lika u bizantijskoj skulpturi između 13. i 15. vijeka ukazuju na trajno interesovanje bizantijskih skulptora za drevne oblike i stilove, nadahnute grčko-rimskim skulpturama sačuvanim na bizantijskim teritorijama. [[Datoteka:San Marco Venezia portale nord con Nativitá.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|[[Zabat]] na sjevernoj kapiji sa scenom [[Rođenje Isusa|Rođenja Isusa]], bazilika svetog Marka u Veneciji.]] Poznati njemački historičar umjetnosti [[Hans Belting]] sugerirao je da su bizantijski vajari koji su nakon 1261. i ponovnog osvajanja Konstantinopolja učestvovali u obnovi i restauraciji mnogih ranijih crkava i spomenika u tom gradu, crpili inspiraciju iz klasicističkih, figuralnih skulptura iz prvog zlatnog doba Bizantije. Najbolji primjer je izrezbareno postolje napravljeno približno 390. za cara [[Teodozije I Veliki|Teodozija I]] da ukrasi [[Teodozijev obelisk|obelisk]] faraona [[Tutmose III|Tutmosija III]] dovezen iz Egipta u Carigrad, gdje je još izložen na mjestu nekadašnjeg hipodroma. Treći utjecaj došao je iz [[Romanika|romaničke]] i [[Gotika|gotske]] skulptorske tradicije, novi stilovi koji su se razvili na latinskom Zapadu, a koje su donijeli krstaši na područja oko istočnog Mediterana tokom 11, 12. i 13. vijeka. Stoga se može reći da su uporište u dugogodišnjoj umjetničkoj tradiciji carstva, i kontakt s umjetničkim razvojem [[Zapadna Evropa|zapadne Evrope]] doprinijeli oživljavanju figuralnih slika u kasnobizantijskoj skulpturi, posebno kod pogrebnih spomenika. Važni primjeri kasnobizantijske figuralne skulpture sarkofaga sačuvani su u Carigradu, [[Ber]]i i [[Arta|arti]] u Grčkoj. Većinom su to horizontalne ploče koje su činile prednji dio sarkofaga. Na čeonom sarkofagu iz Carigrada predstavljena su dva anđela koji drže središnjji vijenac koji okružuje božićnu dekoraciju, a donji dio dekoracije je osnova ukrasno rezbarenim krstovima i svicima. Anđeli su uobičajena tema u kasnom bizantijskoj skulpturi. Ovo rezbarenje s izuzetnim uspjehom oponaša [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompoziciju]] i stil rezbarenja sarkofaga iz 4. vijeka, potvrđujući da su ranobizantijski modeli mogli poslužiti kao važni izvori kasnobizantijskim kiparima. Pripovijedani prizori povezani s Hristovom smrću i spasenjem bili su daljnji izvor nadahnuća za rezbare kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga. Ulomci koji su sačuvani u Beri izvorno su sačinjavali piramidalni poklopac sarkofaga sa prikazom scene Hristovog Uskrsnuca (Anastasis). Fragmentarni [[Reljef (skulptura)|reljefi]] pronađeni u [[Studijski manastir|Studijskom manastiru]] prikazuju Bogorodičino jadikovanje nad mrtvim tijelom Hristovim dok leži prije sahrane, što je tema nadahnuta [[Evanđelje|evanđeljima]]. Ova kao i druge teme iz evanđelja obilježene na sarkofazima, često su prikazivane na freskama i mozaicima koje okružuju kasnobizantske grobnice, tako da zidne slike ojačavaju i preslikavaju slike koje ukrašavaju sarkofage. [[Datoteka: 2098 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Latin marble arch, 13th cent. - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 20.jpg|thumb|250px|desno| Mramorni luk iz 13. vijeka sa figurama i natpisima na grčkom jeziku urađenim tokom latinske okupacije.]] Portret pokojnika bila je još jedna tema koja se koristila prilikom ukrašavanja sarkofaga. Fragmentarna ploča iz [[Manastir Lips (Carigrad)|manastira Lips]] u Carigradu čuva ostatke pogrebnog portreta Marije Paleologine. Jedino je sačuvan lik Marije vidljiv od struka prema dolje, gdje ona nosi monaški plašt preko dugačke tunike. Uvjerljiva rekonstrukcija cijele ploče koju je uradio Titos Papamastorakes ima središnji natpis s lijeva od Marije Paleologine. Sastavljena u pjesničkom metru i fino izrezbarena paleološkim pismom, na sarkofagu je molitveni natpis. Takvi su natpisi, koji svjedoče o svjetovnim i duhovnim dostignućima pokojnika, i moleći se u njegovo ili njeno ime, bili važan dio ukrasnog programa i često su se pojavljivali na sarkofazima ili skulpturama koje uokviruju grobnicu. U [[Arta, (Grčka)|Arti]], nekadašnjem sjedištu [[Epirska Despotovina|Epirske Despotovine]], jedini je sačuvani sarkofag iz kasnobizantijskog razdoblja s portretima bizantijske vladarske porodice, despotice Teodore supruge despota [[Mihael II Komnen Duka|Mihaela II Komnena Duke]] i dječaka Nikefora, vjerovatno njenog sina. Oboje su odjeveni u tradicionalnu carsku odjeću, s krunama urađenim u bizantijskom stilu, dugim [[tunika]]ma, [[kaftan]]ima i [[loros]]ima ukrašenim draguljima, pri čemu oboje drže carska žezla. Pored njih su, s obje strane, portretne biste anđela, koji također nose carska žezla. Dok je isklesani sarkofag mogao biti izložen neovisno o ravnom zidu crkve, u najsloženijim kasnobizantijskim grobnicama služio je kao središte mnogo većeg ukrasnog programa. U takvim pogrebnim cjelinama kiparski reljefi uokviruju trodimenzionalni prostor zaobljene niše (arkosolij), koji sadrži sarkofag. Arkosoliji se mogu pronaći u crkvama na cijelom području kasnobizantijske utjecajne sfere. Skulptura je bila najvažniji pojedinačni element koji je izdvajao arkosolijum iz njegovog okruženja, te osiguravao organizirani vizuelni fokus unutar arhitektonski složene i bogato oslikane kasnobizantijske crkve. Nasuprot glatkom zidu crkve prekrivenom šarenom freskom ili mozaikom, trodimenzionalne reljefne skulpture pružile su važnu vizuelnu pauzu. [[Datoteka:Kariye Muzesi (2681430083).jpg|thumb|350px|lijevo|Bogato izrezbareni [[Luk (arhitektura)|luk]] iznad jedne od pogrebnih niša u manastiru Hora.]] Dvije najupečatljivije rezbarene fasade kasnobizantijskog razdoblja još uokviruju grobne niše iz ranog 14. vijeka koje su dizajnirane u južnoj pogrebnoj kapeli [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]]. Jedan od ovih lijepo i gusto izrezbarenih mramornih ukrasa na sjevernom zidu ukrašava nišnu grobnicu [[Teodor Metohit|Teodora Metohita]], dok arkosolij na suprotnom zidu odaje počast visokom carskom dostojanstveniku Mihaelu Tornikesu, političkom savezniku Metohita. Tornikesova grobnica je jedini arkosolij na kojem je sačuvan izvorni pogrebni epigram, koji je historičar umjetnosti [[Ihor Ševčenko]] pripisao poznatom bizantijskom dvorskom pjesniku [[Manuel Fil|Manuelu Filu]] (1275–1335). Fasadni dizajn dvije niše je sličan. U svakoj od njih je središnji portret Hrista, koji blagosilja desnom rukom i sa svitkom u lijevoj ruci, a okružen je bistama [[Mihael (arhanđeo)|arhanđela Mihaela]] i [[Gabriel]]a u trouglastim prostorima ([[spandrel]]ima), koji su između vrha [[Luk (arhitektura)|luka]] i pravougaonog okvira. Bujne vinove loze koje izviru iz [[Rog izobilja|simbola izobilja]] okružuju ove figure. Kao i u mnogim takvim grobovima, Hristov lik često se koristi na izvajanoj fasadi, na sarkofagu i naslikan je na stražnjem zidu niše, naglašavajući različite aspekte Hrista, a posebno njegovu ulogu sudije i spasitelja čovječanstva. Ove dvije fasade grobnica također su karakteristične po tragovima polihromiranih [[Pigment (materijal)|pigmenata]] koje čuvaju. Na temelju njih i mnogih drugih kasnobizantijskih umjetničkih djela, može se zaključiti da je bojenje, pa čak i pozlata mramornih rezbarija bila raširena praksa u to vrijeme. Ova praksa objedinjavanja upotrebe boje i pozlate uočljiva je i u srednjem bizantijskom periodu. Stilske karakteristike kasnobizantijske skulpture, reljefne skulpture, kreću se u rasponu od vrlo plitkih do izuzetno visokih. Razne vrste apstrakcija i naturalizma koegzistiraju, iako ukupne [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicije]] životinjskih, cvjetnih, biljnih i geometrijskih motiva odlikuju veća zamršenost i osjećaj uzorka u cjelokupnoj kompoziciji, dok detalji u skulpturama mogu prilično težiti ka naturalizmu. Reljefi koji predstavljaju ljudski lik obično nalikuju paralelnim slikama u monumentalnom i minijaturnom slikarstvu. U poređenju sa srednjobizantijskim skulpturama postoji i snažan impuls ka naturalističkom, trodimenzionalnom prikazivanju ljudskog tijela. Konstantinopoljska figuralna skulptura iz 13. i 14. vijeka teži elementima apstrakcije: izdužena lica, okrugle, pune obrve naglašenih očiju i teški kapci. Tako se zajednički umjetnički ukus često pojavljuje u skulpturalnoj i slikarskoj umjetnosti u Konstantinopolju kao i mnogim područjima kasnobizantijske sfere utjecaja. U vremenu između oslobođenja Konstantinopolja od latinske okupacije 1261. do njegovog ponovnog pada u ruke [[Osmanlijsko Carstvo|Osmanlija]] 1453. izrada netradicionalnih oblika skulpture počela je oživljavati. Tokom paleološke renesanse, umjetnost izrade umjetničkih djela od [[Slonovača|slonovače]] koja je bila tipična za [[Makedonska umjetnost (bizantijska)|makedonsko]] i [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|komnensko doba]] doživjela je veliki pad zbog nedovoljnog uvoza bjelokosti iz [[Afrika|Afrike]] i [[Azija|Azije]]. Nastavljeno je sa izradom malih gravura na nakitu - privjesci, relikvijari ([[Enkolpija|enkolpije]]) i kameje, koje su bile ukrašene raznim motivima, najčešće hrišćanskim simbolima (anđeli, sveci, krstovi).<ref name="BFP"/> == Primijenjena umjetnost == === Okviri za ikone urađeni od plemenitih metala === [[Datoteka: Panagia Paramythia Icon from Vatopedi Monastery 14th Century.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Ikona Bogorodice Paramythia sa okvirom ukrašenim srebrom i zlatnim medaljonima, 14. vijek, manastir Vatopedi, Sveta gora.]] Bizantijski običaj da se ikona slikana na kanvasu ili jedan njen dio prekrije ukrasom od plemenitog metala, oplemenjenog [[emajl]]om, biserima ili dragim kamenjem, doživio je veliki procvat pod dinastijom Paleologa počevsi od 13. vijeka. Ova vrsta umjetnosti širila se izvan sve manjih granica bizantijske države na cijeli pravoslavni svijet. Sudeći prema sačuvanim primjercima, ikone sa zlatnim i srebrnim ukrasnim okvirima svjedočanstvo su bizantijske pobožnosti, koja je nadahnula vješte zlatare, a pritom je preusmjerila važan dio raspoloživog bogatstva carstva. U vrijeme sve većih ekonomskih poteškoća i opadanja carstva, klima nije bila pogodna za izradu luksuznih predmeta. Međutim, zlatni i srebrni ukrasni okviri za ikone pružaju bizantijskoj umjetnosti neka od njenih zadnjih remek-djela. Interesovanje za ikone ukrašene plemenitim metalima postojao je širom carstva, kao i na [[Balkan]]u, što je dovelo do velikog broja ovako izradenih ikona. U tom razvoju ulogu je vjerovatno odigrao ukus za reljefnu skulpturu, karakterističnu za kasnobizantijsku renesansu, kao i vjerovatno korištenje finih metalnih listova ili tankih [[filgran]]a koji su bili relativno jeftiniji. Interes za plemenite metale postojao je širom [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]], kao i na Balkanu. Izuzetni primjeri mogu se vidjeti u manastirima na Svetoj gori, ohridskim ikonama koje su sada ponovo objedinjene u Muzeju umjetnosti Makedonije u Skoplju i ikonama sačuvanim u [[Bugarska|Bugarskoj]], posebno u [[Manastir Rožen|manastirima Rožen]] i [[Manastir Bačkovo|Bačkovo]]. Sudeći prema materijalu u arhivima manastira na Svetoj gori, ukrasi za ikone od plemenitih metala bili su među omiljenim oblicima doniranja tokom 14. vijeka. Posljednja oporuka bizantijskog dvorskog zvaničnika ([[skouterios]]a) Teodora Sarantenosa iz 1325. u Beri, u kojoj je naveden podatak o poklonjenim ikonama sa ukrasima od plemenitih metala manastiru Vatoped. Slično tome, arhivski zapisi o prijenosu ikona u [[Velika Lavra|Veliku Lavru]] 1375. iz crkve Bogorodice Gavaliotise u [[Edesa (Grčka)|Edesi]] u [[Epir]]u, koju je između 1360. i 1367. osnovao despot Toma Preljubović, pokazuju da su sve ikone osim jedne, on, njegova supruga i drugi pojedinci koji su poklanjali crkvi imali ukrasne oplate od plemenitih metala. Konvenciju dodavanja oplate od plemenitih metala na ikone nije prekinulo ekonomsko opadanje carstva ni turska balkanska osvajanja, nego je čak doživjela procvat krajem 16. vijeka. Ponuditi ikone sa ukrasnom oplatom od plemenitih metala je prije svega jednako izvođenju čina pobožnosti, a ta tradicija se još održava. Sačuvan je veliki broj ovakvih ikona u manastirima na Svetoj gori, [[Meteora|Meteori]], te crkvama u mnogim dijelovima Balkana i Grčke. Čak su i predmeti namijenjeni privatnoj pobožnosti bili ukrašeni zlatom i srebrom, dragim kamenjem, biserima, kao u slučaju dvije male ikone Bogorodice Chalkoprateia,koje se danas čuvaju u riznici [[Bazilika svetog Marka|bazilike svetog Marka]] u [[Venecija|Veneciji]]. Upotreba plemenitih metala materijalizuje kratku molitvu, jer proizilazi iz pojedinačnih ili kolektivnih molitvenih natpisa koje mnoge ukrasne oplate na ikonama sadrže. Nije neobično pronaći slike mecena u molitvenoj pozi na dnu okvira ikone. Na gornjem dijelu okvira često su prikazi scene [[Deisis]]a (izraz univerzalne molitve) ili simbol predstojećeg [[Sudnji dan (islam)|Sudnjeg dana]] (grčki: hetoimasija), uz koje se vezuje promjenjiv broj svetaca prikazanih na okviru ikone. [[Datoteka: Holy Face - Genoa.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Ikona Svetog Lica ([[mandilion]]) iz Edesse, tempera na panelu sa posrebrenom ukrasnom oplatom, druga polovina 14. vijeka, crkva svetog Bartolomeja Armenca u Genovi, Italija.]] Ponekad su Veliki praznici predstavljeni na malim ukrasnim pločama oko središnje slike, i sa porukom spasenja kroz božansko posredovanje. Na nekim ikonama uočljivo je kombiniranje tema na istom okviru. Ova ikonografija nije bila nova, a scena Deisisa se već pojavljivala na okviru ikone svetog Ivana Bogoslova na ostrvu [[Patmos]]. Na ukrasnim oplatama oko lika Bogorodice povremeno su scene iz njenog života. Cvjetni motivi urađeni su u ''[[repoussé]]'' tehnici u emajlu ili finom filigranu, koji daje živost kod uljepšavanja pozadine i okvira ikone ili je njihov jedini ukras. Ovi ukrasi podsjećaju na raskoš rajskih vrtova opisanih u [[Poezija|poeziji]] bizantijskog pjesnika iz 14. vijeka Manuela Philesa u kojoj se opisuju ikone sa ukrasima od plemenitih metala, dragulja i drugih ukrasnih materijala. Ovakva dekoracija nastala je iz duge tradicije u bizantijskoj umjetnosti, a jedan od dobrih primjera iz ovog perioda je okvir na naslikanoj ikoni Svetog Lica u crkvi svetog Bartolomeja Armenca u [[Genova|Genovi]] (slika lijevo). Ova naslikana ikona Svetog Lica ([[mandilion]]) iz Edesse okružena je sa deset malih ploča koje oslikavaju historiju relikvije i vjerniku daju osjećaj njene autentičnosti. Tačan datum izrade određen je za veoma mali broj ukrasnih okvira za ikone, a istovremeno ih je veoma teško klasificirati. Interes za ukrasne okvire od plemenitih metala nakon 1204. također je vidljiv na grčkoj teritoriji pod latinskom okupacijom, na ostrvima kao što su Kipar, Krit i Rodos, gdje se bizantijsko naslijeđe susrelo s drugim utjecajima. Na Kipru su ikone sa okvirima od plemenitih metala radene jos od 12. vijeka. Pritom su stvarani niskoreljefni radovi uz upotrebu [[gesso]] (mješavina bijele boje koja se sastoji od veziva pomiješanog s kredom, gipsom, pigmentom ili bilo kojom njihovom kombinacijom) imitacija pozadine i oreola na ikonama koje su nastale tamo. Na nekim ikonama iz 14. vijeka sa područja Jadrana i sjeverne Grčke korišten je isti niskoreljefni gesso ukras. Ova tehnika ukrašavanja ikona koja je pronađena u 13. vijeku, a njena upotreba seže čak do [[Sveta zemlja|Svete zemlje]] i planine [[Sinaj]]. U to vrijeme gesso tehnika ukrašavanja ikona koristila se i u italijanskim djelima, što ukazuje na recipročne razmjene između italijanske i bizantijske umjetnosti u ovim područjima od 13. vijeka pa nadalje. Širenje umjetnosti ukrašavanja ikona sa okvirima od plemenitih metala zahvatilo je cijeli pravoslavni svijet, među kojima i područja [[Kavkaz]]a i [[Rusija|Rusije]]. Ova vrsta bizantijske umjetnosti bila je zastupljena i na Zapadu, gdje će u 17. vijeku doći do ponovnog oživljavanja interesa za bizantijske ikone tokom katoličke [[Protivreformacija|protivreformacije]] i potrage za najautentičnijim religijskim slikama te interesom za istočnu hrišćansku tradiciju.<ref name="BFP"/> === Liturgijski pribor === Zahtjevi [[Bogoslužje|liturgije]] nisu se znatno promijenili u kasnobizantijskom periodu, pa su sveti predmeti zadržali osnovne oblike koje zahtijeva liturgijska praksa, simbolički i ideološki sadržaj božanske [[Euharistija|euharistije]]. Za razliku od srednjeg bizantijskog perioda, primjeri dragocjenog crkvenog [[Srebro|srebrnog]] pribora iz kasnog razdoblja ograničeni su količinski. Nedostatak srebrnih i [[Zlato|zlatnih]] predmeta, vjerskih i svjetovnih, može se pripisati nedostatku sirovina u to vrijeme, drugi razlozi su: srebro nije kovano u kasnobizantijskom carstvu, stalne ekonomske i političke krize, posljedica građanskih ratova, smanjenja carstva i osmanlijska osvajanja. Carske kovanice mogu se smatrati pravim ogledalom tog vremena: obezvrijeđene, bez umjetničkih vrijednosti i izrađene od [[legura]] sa niskim sadržajem plemenitih metala. Zbog ovog nedostatka plemenitih metala mnogi dragocjeni predmeti su istopljeni i reciklirani kako bi se zadovoljili zahtjevi države za novcem. U historijskim izvorima navodi se da su [[Aristokratija|aristokrati]] iz kasnobizantijskog društva nagomilali svoje bogatstvo u vidu zlatnih i srebrnih predmeta te su obdarili monaške i crkvene fondacije skupocjenim liturgijskim posudama. Najpoznatiji mecena bio je [[Ivan VI Kantakuzen]], koji je posjedovao velike kolicine zlata i srebre. Gubitak najvećeg broja kasnobizantijskih liturgijskih pomagala, djelomično je nadoknađen slikanim prikazima liturgijskih obreda u svetištu i na [[kupola]]ma crkava, koje su u ovom razdoblju obilovale liturgijskim temama. Kasnobizantijski liturgijski predmeti uglavnom su u manastirskim riznicama, a sačuvani primjeri spadaju u dvije glavne kategorije: one koji zadržavaju i razvijaju srednjobizantijske oblike i one sa očiglednim zapadnjačkim izgledom. Iz druge grupe izdvaja se jedina grupa sačuvanog liturgijskog posuđa ([[Latinski jezik|latinski]]: [[vasa sacra]]) sa [[kalež]]ima despota Moreje [[Manuel Kantakuzen|Manuela Kantakuzena]], te srpskog despota [[Janjina (Grčka)|Janjine]] [[Toma Preljubović|Tome Preljubovića]]. Ovi dragocjeni liturgijski predmeti čuvaju se danas u manastirima [[Vatopedi]] i [[Manastir Velika Lavra|Velika Lavra]] na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]]. U manastiru Vatopedi danas se čuva i ispisani asterisk na čijem je vrhu golub. Zajedno s asteriskom iz [[Sionsko blago|Sionskog blaga]], koji potječe iz 6. vijeka, jedini su sačuvani primjeri iz bizantijskih vremena. Prisustvo umjetničkih predmeta urađenih u zapadnom stilu u kasnobizantijskom društvu posvjedočeno je i u pisanim izvorima i zidnim slikama. Tipični gotički oblici pojavljuju se u slikarstvu prije sredine 14. vijeka na predmetima poput kadionica s malim gotičkim tornjevima i nožnih ovalnih posuda s ukrasnim krugovima u dnu. Inventar iz 1396. u katedrali [[Aja Sofija]] u Konstantinopolju registruje četiri para svijećnjaka (kandelabra), od kojih je jedan venecijanski, izrađen od srebrne pozlate. Zapadni oblici na izrađenim predmetima i gotička praksa pričvršćivanja na glavnu osnovu zasebnog diska (poznatog kao pinta) koji je često bio [[emajl]]iran i ukrašen prikazima stvarnih i fantastičnih životinja. Direktno prisvajanje i usvajanje italijanskih umjetničkih oblika bilo je za očekivati ​​samo u drugoj polovini 14. vijeka, u periodu kada je i u drugim oblastima (poput privrede) Bizant služio kao zaleđe za italijansko tržište i kao potrošač zapadnih, a posebno venecijanskih proizvoda. Venecija je u to vrijeme pretekla Carigrad u izvozu prestižnih luksuznih predmeta kao i u umjetničkim inovacijama. Dominacija italijanskih modela bio je proces u kojem je važnu ulogu igrala mreža italijanskih kolonija i trgovaca. Liturgijski predmeti su uvezeni za upotrebu u latinskim crkvama, a izrađivali su se i u srebrnarskim radionicama venecijanskih kolonija, poput onih koje su postojale u Konstantinopolju, a posvjedočene su u Skutarima (današnji [[Üsküdar]] u [[Istanbul]]u), Raguzi ([[Dubrovačka Republika]]), i Candii ([[Heraklion]]), rodnom gradu kretskih zlatara koji su zabilježeni u dubrovačkoj arhivi iz 1360-ih. Ti bogoslužbeni predmeti nisu samo primjeri luksuznih trgovačkih proizvoda koji su kružili područjem istočnog Mediterana, nego su i indikativni primjeri ukusa i orijentacije vladajuće klase u bizantijskom društvu. To je imalo za posljedicu prevazilaženje konvencionalnih granica historijskih epoha, kao u slučaju nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja, pri čemu je kod crkvenog srebra uočljivo prisvajanje zapadnih stilova izrade i paralelno pridržavanje bizantijske ili bizantinirane ikonografije. Drugi sačuvani primjeri kasnobizantijskih liturgijskih predmeta su korice [[Evanđelje|evanđelja]], procesijski krstovi, ripidije ili flabele, naprave za rasvjetu i [[Kadionica|kadionice]]. Jak zapadni utjecaj prilikom izrade ovhm predmeta, ili izostaje ili je asimiliran u bizantijsku tradiciju, što je vidljivo u njihovoj ikonografiji i obliku. Posrebrene korice lekcionara evanđelja spadaju u posebnu kategoriju medu liturgijskim predmetima. Posrebrene korice evanđelja izrađuju se iz jednog komada metala ili se sastoje od metalnih okvira različitih oblika čija je terminologija poznata iz srednjobizantijskih manastirskih inventara. Okviri su bili prikovani za kožni ili platneni povez, kao u slučaju crvenog i zlatnog tkanog tekstila na evanđelju koje je [[Marija Paleologina Kantakuzena|Marija Komnen Paleologina]] predstavila Bogorodici iz [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]] opisanog u pjesmi pripisanoj bizantijskom pjesniku [[Manuel Files|Manuelu Filesu]]. Gamata ili gamatia (ugaoni dijelovi u obliku grčkog slova gama) bili su omiljeni oblik ukrašavanja za četvorougaone površine, dok su mali kružni pričvršćivaći (boulai i amigdalije) imali praktičnu upotrebu u zaštiti kožnih poveza budući da su knjige bile odlagane vodoravno na policama. Ikonografija korica knjige usko je povezana s ikonografijom ilustracija na početku teksta iz knjige, slijedeći tradiciju započetu u [[Kasna antika|kasnoj antici]]. Medutim, kasnobizantijske ukrasne korice urađene iz jednog dijela upečatljivo podsjećaju na prijenosne ikone, na čijim se srebrnim oblogama medaljoni s poprsjima svetaca i/ili plakete sa scenama iz [[Dvanaest velikih praznika]] (''dodekaortona''), raspoređenih u hijerarhijskom redu vezanom za ikonografiju svetišta i crkvenih prostora koja ih okružuju. Pomak ka modelu preuzetom od zidnog slikarstva pratio je opadanje rukopisnih minijatura od 12. vijeka nadalje i rast važnosti slikarstva u formuliranju liturgijskih tema, koje su se sa sve većim naglaskom upotrebljavale za ukrašavanje crkava. Tipični srednjobizantijski procesijski krstovi s metalnom jezgrom i trapezoidnim krakovima koji se završavaju prepoznatljivom ornamentacijom sačuvani su u [[Gruzija|Gruziji]], [[Anadolija|Maloj Aziji]] i egejskim ostrvima sve do 17. vijeka. Potonji su grubo pečatirani i jasno predstavljaju kraj jedne umjetničke tradicije. Najraniji poznati procesijski krstovi u italijanskom stilu potječu iz 15. i 16. vijeka i imaju krakove koji se završavaju sa tri ili četiri režnja i drvenim umjesto metalnim jezgrom. U kasnobizantijskom zidnom slikarstvu preovlađuju krstovi [[Golgota|golgotskog]] tipa sa dva ili tri vodoravna kraka. Gornji krak predstavlja produžetak titulusa (natpisa pribijenog iznad Hristove glave), dok je u ovom kasnijem periodu treći krak sve više ispod, postavljen ravno ili ukošen, što vuče korijene iz oslonca za noge. Ovakva vrsta krstova može se vidjeti u manastirima Vatoped, Protaton i Dionizije na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]] kao i Lefkara na [[Kipar|Kipru]]. Medutim, nisu se koristili za vjerske procesije nego su postavljani na oltar i proskinetarion, stalak ugrađen u hram. [[Ripidija|Ripidije]] su liturgijske lepeze sa simboličnim prikazima četvorolikih [[heruvim]]a koji lete oko Božijeg prijestolja, a mogu se vidjeti na zidnom slikarstvu iz ovog kasnog bizantijskog perioda. Drugi liturgijski pribor neophodan za bogosluženje u bizantijskim crkvama bile su kadionice i naprave za rasvjetu, koje su sačuvane iz kasnobizantijskog perioda u obliku predmeta urađenih od [[legura]] [[Bakar|bakra]]. Najčešće vrste su livene katzije (uspravne kadionice) sa drškom ukrašenom ponavljajućim prikazima stilizovanih lisnatih motiva, te pticama ili životinjama. Poznati su na osnovu nekoliko primjera, jednog otkopanog iz grobnice u Mistri i drugi na [[Kosovo|Kosovu]], kao i drugi koji se danas čuvaju u muzejima i manastirskim riznicama. Tehnika livenja metala i ukrasni prikazi životinja i ptica povezuju ove katzije sa bizantijskim sredstvima za rasvjetu kao što su lusteri, te kandilo u [[Manastir Visoki Dečani|manastiru Visoki Dečani]] i polikandela (viseći držač za uljanice) u Muzeju Metsovo u sjevernoj Grčkoj.<ref name="BFP"/> === Liturgijski i sekularni tekstil === [[Datoteka:Altar Cloth or Podea MET DP121990.jpg|thumb|300px|desno|Oltarsko platno urađeno od vezene svile, kasni 14. vijek, [[Metropolitan (muzej)|Metropolitan muzej]].]] Konstantinopolj, koji je bio na raskršću puteva između [[Bliski istok|Bliskog istoka]], [[Azija|Azije]] i [[Evropa|Evrope]], bio je središte jedne od najopsežnijih trgovačkih mreža na svijetu, upravo zahvaljujući tako povoljnom geostrateškom položaju. Bizantinci iz Konstantinopolja postali su izuzetno bogati i oblačili su se tako da pokažu svoj status i uspjeh. Posjetioci su često komentarisali odjeću rađenu od najfinije svile, koju je nosilo stanovništvo ovog grada. Tekstilna umjetnost bila je jedan od najcjenjenijih zanata u Bizantijskom Carstvu, a smatrana je visokom umjetnošću, baš kao i slikarstvo, skulptura i arhitektura. Mnogi sačuvani primjerci bizantijskog tekstila slijedili su standarde koje je postavila bizantijska crkva (koja će kasnije postati Grčka pravoslavna crkva) za kontrolu nad drugim vrstama umjetnosti. Većim dijelom sačuvani primjerci tekstila odnose se na one koje je Crkva koristila za posebne prilike, u odnosu na manji broj primjeraka koji su korišteni u svakodnevne svrhe. <ref name="ABAT">{{Cite web|url= https://nazmiyalantiquerugs.com/blog/antique-byzantine-art-textiles/|title= ''Antique Byzantine Art: Textiles''|work= nazmiyalantiquerugs.com|access-date= 20. 1. 2022}}</ref> Bizantijski tekstil uglavnom je bio izrađivan od [[lan]]a, [[Vuna|vune]] i [[Svila|svile]], dok se [[pamuk]] rjeđe spominje u pisanim izvorima. Proizvodio se u državnim tkaonicama, privatnim radionicama i individualnim domaćinstvima, u zavisnosti od vrste, kvaliteta i upotrebe. [[Aleksandrija]] (i [[Egipat]] općenito) i [[Sirija]] bili su posebno istaknuti po proizvodnji tekstila prije nego što su pali pod vlast [[Arapi|Arapa]] u 7. vijeku. Poznato je da su Solun, Korint, Teba i Atina imali važne radionice za tkanje tekstila (posebno svile) između 10. i 12. vijeka. U pisanim izvorima zabilježen je veliki izbor tekstila, gdje se pored najcjenjenije svile i purpurno obojenog sukna, spominju domaća vunena, gruba i fina lanena sukna. Obične tunike i ogrtači izrađivali su se od obične lanene, vunene ili pamučne tkanine, dok je svila, često pletena zlatnim nitima, bila nošnja careva, carskog doma i dvorskih službenika. Zavjese za krevete i prozore, te tepihe izvedeni u različitim materijalima i tehnikama bili su redovna komponenta domaće i službene arhitekture, kako svjetovne tako i vjerske. Dobar primjer su zavjese koje su ispunjavale prostore između [[stub]]ova u mozaicima u bazilici [[Teodorik Veliki|Teodorika Velikog]] u [[Sant' Apollinare Nuovo]] u italijanskom gradu [[Ravenna|Ravenni]]. Važnost tekstila u arhitektonskom kontekstu otkriva se u beskonačnom otvaranju i zatvaranju zavjesa oko cara i carske palate kako je zabilježeno u knjizi [[De ceremoniis]] o ceremonijalnom protokolu na dvoru bizantijskih careva u Konstantinopolju. Zavjese su imale više čisto dekorativnu ulogu, a često su bile izvedene u tehnici tapiserija, posebno pogodnih za portretiranje figuralnih subjekata, kako svjetovnih tako i religioznih. Svilena tapiserija koja prikazuje trijumfalnog cara u Bambergu rijedak je kasniji primjerak ovih tkanja (početak 11. vijeka).<ref name="BT">{{Cite web|url= https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/byzantinetextile|title= ''Byzantine Textile''|work= libguides.ku.tr|access-date= 13. 1. 2022}}</ref> Ćilimi koji su krasili palate i domove ljudi služili su za pokazivanje statusa i bogatstva. Važna je i izrada bizantijskih tepiha, koji pokazuju slične dizajne i boje kao i islamski ćilimi tog vremena. Na osnovu izučavanja slikovnih prikaza bizantolozi su uočili da je bizantijski umjetnički tekstil bio rađen u jarkim živim bojama, sa sklonošću prema [[Crvena|crvenoj]] i [[Plava|plavoj]] koje su bile preovladavajuće (baš kao i danas), a također su korištene svijetle [[Narančasta|narančaste]] i ljubičaste boje. Ovi primjerci pokazuju visoko razvijenu kontrolu procesa i postupaka bojenja. U to vrijeme, sve ove briljantne boje bile su stvarane samo pomoću biljnih boja. Na ivičnom dizajnu bizantijskih prostirki obično su bili prikazi cvjetova, biljnih motiva, vinove loze i lišća. U središnjem dijelu ovih tepiha često su predstavljani ljudi i događaji. Ponekad su ovi ćilimi bivali okačeni na zidove i korišteni kao tapiserije za dekoraciju i izolaciju. Ova veoma kvalitetna djela bizantijske umjetnosti pokazuju stručno znanje i umijeće tkalaca, koji su često spajali vunene, pamučne, svilene i zlatne niti u jedan komad. Korijene islamskog i perzijskog dizajna mogu se pronaći u obrubama i šarama bizantijskih tepiha.<ref name="ABAT"/> Izrada bizantijskog tekstila ne prestaje čak ni tokom latinske okupacije Konstantinopolja između 1204 - 61, samo što su radionice za njihovu izradu jednostavno premještene u [[Nikeja|Nikeju]] i druge gradove pod kontrolom carstva, gdje je nastavljeno sa njihovom proizvodnjom.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.austriaca.at/0xc1aa5576_0x00178c52.pdf|title= ''Textiles and Dress in Byzantium''|work= austriaka.at|access-date= 14. 1. 2022}}</ref> U bizantijskoj kulturi, pravila pravilnog odijevanja bila su vrlo važna u svim oblicima društvenih aktivnosti, među kojima su najvažnije bile carske ceremonije i crkveni rituali. Odjeća se uvelike koristila za pokazivanje hijerarhijskih odnosa moći i simboličkih asocijacija na božansko i sveto, što je uveliko potvrđeno tekstualnim i vizualnim izvorima. Upotreba bizantijskog tekstila bila je posebno važna za ukrašavanje gradova prilikom carskih posjeta. Na ovaj način, carska moć i kontrola davali su posebno obilježje gradu prilikom carske posjete zbog svoje materijalne prirode, specifičnog vremenskog prikaza i posebne ikonografije, pri čemu su ovi tekstili posredovali u konceptima centralnim za carsku [[Ideologija|ideologiju]]. Ova dinamična sposobnost bizantijskog tekstila da djeluje kao posrednik između različitih društvenih aktera u složenim političkim kontekstima također je evidentna u onome što profesorica sa [[Univerzitet u Cambridgeu|Univerziteta u Cambridgeu]] Ana Maria Muthesius naziva "svilenom diplomatijom". Kao dragocjeni diplomatski darovi, [[bizantijska svila]] imala je jasnu i učinkovitu posredničku ulogu upravo zato što je kao tekstil bila prenosiva i prilagodljiva, utjelovljavala je bizantijske društvene i kulturne vrijednosti kroz svoj dragocjeni materijal, kvalitet, ikonografiju i prestiž. Time je bizantijska svila djelovala kao kulturni i politički ambasador, djelujući kao višestruki i dinamični pokretač kontakta i razmjene. Važan primjer živog prisustva tkanina u bizantijskoj kulturi i bogatog bizantijskog iskustva s tekstilom i kroz tekstil jest istaknuta upotreba šatora. Šatori su se uglavnom koristili u vojnim pohodima, lovačkim ekspedicijama i svečanim prilikama, a bili su vrlo cijenjeni zbog sigurnosti, mobilnosti i širokih mogućnosti za pokazivanje visokog statusa njihovog vlasnika. Šatori su bili prostori za kontakte i diplomatske sastanke, a sami su nuđeni i kao diplomatski pokloni. Strani posjetioci i državnici hvalili su njihovu višestruku upotrebu i kvalitet materijala, čineći bizantijske tkanine moćnim kulturnim posrednicima.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.doaks.org/resources/textiles/essays/evangelatou|title= ''Textile Mediation in Late Byzantine Visual Culture: Unveiling Layers of Meaning through the Fabrics of the Chora Monastery''|work= doaks.org|access-date= 7. 1. 2022}}</ref> Trgovina bizantijskim tekstilom odvijala se ne samo sa evropskim vladarima, nego su trgovina i diplomatski pokloni bili veoma rašireni i sa islamskim vladarima. Ovi luksuzni predmeti bili su jedna od važnih tačaka u razmjeni darova između bizantijskih i islamskih dvorova, koji istovremeno artikulišu dinamiku moći između davaoca i primaoca kroz simbole odražavajući obostrano priznate simbole kraljevske vlasti. Postoje dvije važne vrste ukrasa koji nam govore o tome kako je hijerarhija između islamskog i bizantijskog dvora uspostavljana kroz društveno značenje, a to su: sedlo antičkog kralja [[Aleksandar Veliki|Aleksandra Velikog]] i prsluk ukrašen pečatom [[Stari zavjet|starozavjetnog]] [[Solomon|kralja Solomona]]. Ove ličnosti su prihvatljive i kao simbol uspješne vladavine. Zbog takve istovjetnosti, bizantolozi [[Robin Cormack]] i [[Alice Walker]] smatraju da su diplomatske razmjene poklona između ove dvije različite vjerske i političke sile tog doba pokazatelj njihovog prijateljstva. Istovremeno, ova vrsta umjetnosti djeluje kao zajednički simbolički jezik u diplomatskim odnosima, pri čemu se tekstilni proizvodi mogu tumačiti kao predstavljanje prepoznatljive simboličke i ekonomske moći vladara. Nisu samo figuralni motivi korišteni kao obrazac pri izradi bizantijske svile koja je bila poslata na poklon islamskim dvorovima. Prikazi bizantijskih careva u lovu i njihove jahačke pratnje predstavljaju sliku snage i hrabrosti vladara, dok cvijeće i drveće predstavljaju slike rajskih vrtova, miroljubivi lavovi i orlovi carsku moć, a paunovi i slonovi egzotične figure. Slike novijih vladara također su korištene kao ukras poput motiva starih dobrih kraljeva. Naprimjer, poklon koji je kralj [[Roman I Lakapin]] poslao [[Abasidi|abasidskom]] halifi [[Al-Radi]]ju bio je ukrašen predstavom jahaćeg kralja sa zastavom u ruci, kao i ogrtač grimizne boje na kojem je prikaz figure jahaćeg kralja. Ovim svilenim tkaninama ne samo da se propagira moć bizantijskih careva, već i namjera o uspostavljanju mirnog političkog i vojnog saveza sa abasidskim halifama. Druga važna tačka za tekstilni poklon jest njihova boja.<ref name="BT"/> Prema tekstu iz 11. vijeka pod nazivom [[Knjiga poklona i rariteta|Knjige poklona i rariteta]] (arapski: Kitāb al-Hadāyā wa al-Tuḥaf)<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/673076.Book_of_Gifts_and_Rarities_Kit_b_Al_Had_y_Wa_Al_Tu_af_|title= ''Book of Gifts and Rarities (Kitāb Al-Hadāyā Wa Al-Tuḥaf): Selections Compiled in the Fifteenth Century from an Eleventh-Century Manuscript on Gifts and Treasures''|work= goodreads.com|access-date= 17. 1. 2022}}</ref>, napisano je da su mnogi ogrtači [[Ljubičasta|ljubičaste]] i [[Crvena|crveno]] ljubičaste boje bili poslani abasidskom halifi Al-Radiju. S druge strane, crvene i ljubičaste boje tekstila bile su regulisane u Bizantijskom Carstvu. Posebno se to odnosi na ljubičastu, koju je još [[Julije Cezar|Gaj Julije Cezar]] ustanovio kao carsku boju za tekstil i imala je drugačiji status na carskom dvoru od ostalih. Veoma malo zna o umjetnicima i radionicama u kojima je proizveden tekstil iz kasnog bizantijskog perioda.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.academia.edu/29360se 626/Byzantine_Textile_As_A_Communication_Way_In_Diplomacy|title= ''Byzantine Textile: As A Communication Way In Diplomacy''|work= academia.edu|access-date= 14. 1. 2022}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Gold-thread embroidered Aer, a liturgical cloth used to cover the vessels of the Eucharist - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Zlatnim nitima izvezeno liturgijsko platno ([[aer]]) urađeno krajem 13. vijeka, kojim se pokrivalo euharistijsko posuđe, visina 52 cm, širina 65 cm, [[Benaki muzej]], [[Atina]].]] Posebnu kategoriju čine tekstili koji su bili razvijani u službi crkvenog obreda, gdje su vremenom različiti oltarni pokrovi i druge liturgijske tkanine kao što su [[aer]], [[antimins]], [[eiliton]] i [[endit]] dobijali prepoznatljive oblike i posebnu dekoraciju. Velovi za [[kalež]]e i [[paten]]e (grčki: poterokalymma, diskokalymma) poznati su kao "mali aer". Veliki veo koji ih je oboje pokrivao zove se "veliki aer". Bizantijski teolozi su ritual prinošenja hljeba i vina na oltarski stol i prekrivanje aerom tumačili kao simbol Hristovog sahranjivanja. U skladu sa praksom da liturgijski tekstil daje slikoviti oblik skrivenoj simbolici liturgije, počelo se sa vezenjem velova velikog aera na kojima su prikazi mrtvog Hrista. Najraniji sačuvani primjeri potječu još iz približno 1300. godine i konvencionalno su poznati po grčkom nazivu "epitaphoi" (doslovno, "na grobu") zbog njihovog prikaza svetog tijela postavljenog za sahranu. Upotreba vezenog platna prilikom rituala rekonstrukcije Hristove pogrebne povorke prvi put je potvrđena u knjizi liturgijskih uputstava koja potječe iz 1346, a u njoj se navodi da sveštenik nosi knjigu [[Evanđelje|evanđelja]] (drevni simbol Hristove prisutnosti) na desnom ramenu, umotanu u aer, koji služi i kao veo za pričesni pribor. Kao što su velovi za euharistijsko posuđe činili vidljivim njihov unutrašnji smisao, tako je i liturgijska odjeća bizantijskog sveštenstva otkrivala teološku važnost njihove službe. Prema pisanom izvoru solunskog arhiepiskopa Simeona iz 15. vijeka: {{Citat|upravo zato što je episkop Hristov lik, pripremajući se za službu, on se oblači u svete odežde, koje sve imaju simboliku i duhovno tumačenje".}} [[Datoteka:Large sakkos of photius.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Prednji dio velikog sakosa moskovskog mitropolita Fotija urađen od satena vezenog zlatnim i srebrnim nitima i svilom sa biserima između 1414-17, [[Palata oružja]] u Kremlju, Moskva]] Tumačiti odeždu sveštenstva kao sredstvo kojim visoko sveštenstvo predstavlja Hrista ima dug pedigre u Bizantiji. U isto vrijeme oblici odijela koji su bili uspostavljeni mnogo prije [[Bizantijski ikonoklazam|ikonoborstva]] doživjeli su brz razvoj i razradu. Rezultat je bio da je nova odjeća bila ograničena na najviše činove sveštenstva. Najbolji primjer je liturgijska odjeća ukrašena vezenom mustrom na kojima su prikazani krstovi (polistaurion). Najspektakularniji od ovih kasnih dodataka biskupskoj garderobi bio je [[sakos]], euharistijska [[tunika]] sa širokim kratkim rukavima i prepoznatljivom ukrasnom mustrom. Ukras za dva sakosa moskovskog mitropolita [[Fotije (mitropolit moskovski)|Fotija]] (slika desno) urađenih u Konstantinopolju, a potom poslatih u Moskvu kao poklon, upečatljivi su po ponavljanju ikonografskih tema koje su već bile zastupljene na zidovima i ikonostasima tipičnih kasnobizantijskih crkava. Ovo ponavljanje slika pomaže da se arhiepiskop poveže sa svetim likovima prikazanim na njegovoj odeždi. Sakos je svojom dizajnom sastavljenim od tekstilnih kockica i krutim, izvezenim ukrasom preobrazio izgled arhiepiskopa u spljoštenu, svešteničku figuru, koja podsjeća na svete biskupe s crkvenih freski i ikona. Do kasnog 14. vijeka bogatstvo i gustina likova na odjeći visokog sveštenstva bili su posebno vidljivi kada su biskupi svečano obučeni stajali usred [[naos]]a, gdje se izbliza moglo vidjeti njihovo raskošno ruho. U najsvečanijim trenucima liturgije zavjesa ikonostasa bi se povukla u stranu, kako bi se otkrio episkop koji je stajao u vratima. Uokviren slikama na ikonostasu, slike na njegovoj odeždi privlačile bi pažnju okupljenih vjernika da gledaju na njega kao na živi produžetak svetilišta i njegovih ikona. Boljem razumijevanju izgleda i uloge liturgijskog tekstila tokom paleološkog perioda bizantolozima pomažu i freske, kao naprimjer, one u crkvi Peribleptos u Mistri na Peloponezu. Na njima je prikazana procesija Velikog ulaza koju izvode anđeli obučeni kao sveštenici i kao đakoni. Kao slavljenik ove "nebeske liturgije" (naziv koji ovoj ikonografiji obično daju historičari umjetnosti), Hristos stoji na oslikanom oltaru u ulozi i kostimu patrijarha, dok anđeli sveštenici idu prema njemu noseći zastrte kaleže, a anđeli đakoni nose prekrivene patene balansirane na njihovim glavama. Ovo neobično držanje anđela đakona precizno odražava pravce liturgijskih uputstava onovremenih knjiga (odnosno "dijatakseisa"). Tako je nebeska liturgija predstavljena kao bliska zrcalna slika zemaljskih obreda koji se vrše u prostoru crkve.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.academia.edu/13892000/Orthodox_Liturgical_Textiles_and_Clerical_Self-Referentiality|title= ''Orthodox Liturgical Textiles and Clerical Self-Referentiality''|work= academia.edu|access-date= 20. 1. 2022}}</ref> Simbolička povezanost liturgijskih obreda sa Hristovim životom zabilježenim u evanđeljima utjecala je na ukrašavanje tekstila, a ovaj simbolizam je vidljiv i na prikazima scena iz evandelja na odjeći visokog bizantijskog sveštenstva.<ref name="BT"/> Tekstilna umjetnost pomogla je da se definira bogatstvo i moć Bizantijskog Carstva, a istovremeno je obogatila cjelokupnu bizantijsku umjetnost.<ref name="ABAT"/> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija liturgijskog i sekularnog bizantijskog tekstila"> Datoteka:Kaisariani Monastery 03.jpg|Freske iz manastira Kaisariani u Atini, sa prikazanim sveštenicima u odorama tokom vjerske službe (donji dio slike) Datoteka:Antimension1.jpg|Antimins iz Rumunije, [[Oradea|Oradea-Mare]], 1890. Datoteka:Antimins iz 1692. godine, [[Manastir Rača|manastir Rača]] Datoteka:Dues4Sept21 2009.jpg| Sveštenik stoji za oltarom tokom liturgijskog rituala. Aer je položen preko kaleža i patena (diskosa) Datoteka:Silver-thread embroidered antimensium bearing the representation of the Lament - Google Art Project.jpg|Srebrnim koncem izvezen antimins sa prikazom oplakivanja Hrista, sredina 16. vijeka, visina 40 cm, širina 53 cm, Benaki muzej u Atini Datoteka:Сербский Антиминс.jpg|Srbijanski antimins iz 16. vijeka Datoteka:Gavriele0269.jpg|Religijska zastava ([[Horugva]]) s ikonom sveca, crkva svetog Gabriela u [[Nazaret]]u </gallery> == Reference == {{refspisak}} {{Bizantijska umjetnost}} [[Kategorija:Bizantijska umjetnost]] [[Kategorija:Grčka kultura]] [[Kategorija:Historija umjetnosti]] [[Kategorija:13. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] [[Kategorija:14. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] [[Kategorija:15. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] 9nug4rvqh6z55ax6dt236phoelc6vng 3426927 3426926 2022-08-01T18:15:51Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bizantijska umjetnost tokom egzila (1204–1261) i vladavine dinastije Paleolog''' bilo je razdoblje [[Bizantijska umjetnost|bizantijske umjetnosti]] povezano s postojanjem [[Nikejsko Carstvo|Nikejskog Carstva]], te drugih država nasljednica [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]] i s vladavinom posljednjeg cara [[Konstantin XI|Konstantina XI]] iz dinastije Paleolog u obnovljenom Bizantijskom Carstvu između 1204. i 1453. Vladavina Paleologa bila je obilježena obnovom propadajućeg carstva i svijesti o državnoj i nacionalnoj kulturi.<ref name="AOBW">''Art of the Byzantine World'', Christa Schug-Wille, Harry N. Abrams, INC. Publishers, New York City, Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 75-92912, Germany, 1969., str. 200-252</ref> Figurativne umjetnosti, posebno religiozne slikarstvo, doživjelo je posljednje zlatno razdoblje u vrijeme Paleologa. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavile približavanje kraja bizantijske države, grčke radionice u kojima su radili mozaičari, slikari i kipari i dalje su bile vrlo zauzete i narudžbe nisu nedostajale. Uglavnom su dolazile od članova važnih plemićkih porodica iz Konstantinopolja i provincija, kao i od slavenskih, bugarskih i srpskih vladara koji su slijedili primjer bizantijskih careva. Većina umjetničkih djela urađenih za vrijeme vladavine Paleologa mogu se pronaċi u glavnom gradu carstva, Mistrasu, na sjeveru Grčke, u Srbiji i Bugarskoj.<ref name="AOBE">{{cite web|url=https://monoskop.org/images/9/99/Grabar_Andre_The_art_of_the_Byzantine_Empire_1967.pdf|title=The Art of the Byzantine Empire|work=monoskop.org|access-date=24. 3. 2021}}</ref> Zbog veoma uspješnog razvoja [[Filozofija|filozofije]], [[Nauka|nauke]] i umjetnosti, ovaj period historičari umjetnosti ponekad nazivaju i paleološkom renesansom ili trećim zlatnim dobom bizantijske umjetnosti.<ref name="AOBW"/> == Historijski okvir == [[Datoteka:Michael VIII Palaiologos (head).jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Car Mihael VIII Paleolog, utemeljitelj posljednje vladarske dinastije Bizantijskog Carstva.]] Vijekovi neprekidne rimske političke tradicije i [[Helenizam|helenističke]] civilizacije pretrpjeli su krizu 1204. nakon napada venecijanskih i francuskih vitezova na Konstantantinopolj u okviru [[Četvrti krstaški rat|Četvrtog krstaškog rata]]. Kao rezultat, Bizantijsko Carstvo privremeno je prestalo postojati, a njegov glavni grad, [[Konstantinopolj]] postao je sjedištem katoličkog [[Latinsko Carstvo|Latinskog Carstva]]. Tokom krstaške opsade veliki dio grada izgorio je, a naknadnom pljačkom krstaša dodatno je opustošen u to vrijeme najbogatiji evropski grad.<ref name="GOB">''The Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era'', Helen C. Evans, William D. Wixom, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, drugo izdanje, 1997, str. 12–19; {{ISBN|0-87099-777-7}}</ref> Opljačkani su svi oni umjetnički predmeti od izuzetne vrijednosti koji su bili gomilani u riznicama palača i crkava. Oltar u [[Aja Sofija|Haja Sofiji]] koji je bio ukrašen [[emajl]]ima i dragim kamenjem razbijen je na komade nad kojima su se vojnici borili, a [[ambon]] (povišeno mjesto u crkvi namijenjeno čitanju biblijskih tekstova u liturgiji) i ikonostas lišeni su zlatnih i srebrnih ukrasa. Plaćenici su u crkvu uvodili mazge koje bi natovarili opljačkanim dragocjenim predmetima. Čak i slike [[Isus Hrist|Isusa Hrista]] i svetaca nisu bile imune i koristile su se kao stepenice. Osvajači se na tome nisu zaustavili, a carske grobnice u [[Crkva svetih apostola u Carigradu|Crkvi svetih apostola]] (grč. Agioi Apostoloi) bile su opljačkane zbog svog bogatstva. Ukradena su i drevna remek djela iz cijelog grčkog svijeta koja su ukrašavala Konstantinopolj. [[Bronza]]ni kipovi bacani su u peć, gdje su pretopljeni i od kojih su pravljeni teški novčići. Mnogo toga se izgubilo, a i sami Bizantinci izgubili su modele kojima su mnogo puta bili nadahnuti i čije postojanje je tako doprinijelo održavanju kulta ljepote.<ref name="BA">Bayet, Charles. Byzatine Art. New York : Parkstone Press International, 2009. ISBN 978-1-84484-620-7. str. 157 – 164.</ref> Uništavanje tokom napada na grad, te naknadno zanemarivanje naročito gradske sekularne arhitekture ostavilo nam je nepotpuno razumijevanje bizantijske umjetnosti. Broj gradskog stanovništva znatno se smanjio, što je utjecalo i na broj naučnika, umjetnika i zanatlija. Konstantinopolj je izgubio ulogu glavnog kreativnog središta u [[Istočna Evropa|istočnoj Evropi]] i [[Mediteran]]u, a Bizantijsko Carstvo nikad više neċe u potpunosti povratiti nekadašnju slavu i prosperitet. Osim nekoliko boljih [[Freska|freski]] i [[minijatura]] nastalih prije nego što su ga Bizantinci predvođeni [[Mihael VIII Paleolog|Mihaelom VIII Paleologom]] ponovo zauzeli 1261, nije proizvedeno mnogo inovativne umjetnosti.<ref name="GOB"/> Tokom perioda latinske vladavine, intervencija grčkih pravoslavnih umjetnika u Konstantinopolju nije mnogo uočljiva na jedinom sačuvanom fragmentu freske (scena iz života svetog [[Franjo Asiški|Franje Asiškog]] otkrivena u Kalenderhane džamiji). Saradnja između grčkih i latinskih umjetnika može se naći i u drugim djelima poput [[Slonovača|slonovače]] proizvedene u rimskoj [[Palestina (pokrajina)|Palestini]] za princezu Melissande. Odjeċa i draperije na ovoj skulpturi ukazuje na miješanje latinskog i grčkog umjetniċkog stila. Glavno središte bizantijske umjetnosti postalo je Nikejsko Carstvo u [[Mala Azija|Maloj Aziji]], u kojoj je dinastija Laskaris došla na vlast. Velika masa grčkih učenjaka i zanatlija stigla je do Nikeje i nastavila da razvija bizantijsku umjetnost i nauku pod pokroviteljstvom careva u emigraciji. Tokom latinske vladavine, Bizantijsko Carstvo je posljednji put iskusilo veliki utjecaj anadolskog [[Helenizam|helenizma]] u svom stvaralaštvu, jer je u narednom vijeku carstvo potpuno izgubilo Anadoliju.<ref name="BA"/> U manjoj mjeri, bizantijska umjetnost preživjela je i na teritorijama manjih novonastalih država - [[Epirska Despotovina|Epira]] i Trapezunta, gdje su lokalni autonomni vladari vjerovatno zapošljavali domaće zanatlije. U Srbiji, Bugarskoj ili drugim zemljama u okruženju mogu se pronaći radovi matičnih škola koje se prilično razlikuju od ranijih bizantijskih djela, ali neki od njihovih elemenata svjedoče o snažnom utjecaju primjera iz [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|komnenskog perioda]]. Međutim, za historiju umjetnosti pojam "nacionalnosti" umjetnika manje je važan od namjere umjetnika da grade crkvu "à la maniera greca" (u grčkom maniru). [[Datoteka:LatinEmpire2.png|thumb|400px|lijevo|Podjela Bizantijskog Carstva 1204, neposredno nakon [[Četvrti krstaški rat|Četvrtog krstaškog rata]]]] Period krize u izgnanstvu i naknadno ponovno osvajanje glavnog grada i latinskih teritorija pod komandom vladara iz dinastije Paleolog donijeli su nova iskustva u bizantijsku umjetnost. Preuzeti su pogledi na umjetnost od privremenih osvajača, kao i drugih naroda bizantijskog kulturnog kruga. Nakon povratka glavnog grada pod vlast nove dinastije Paleolog, bizantijski umjetnici razvili su novo zanimanje za krajolik i pastoralnu scenu i tradicionalni mozaik. Donijeta su nova iskustva u bizantinsku umjetnost preuzeta iz zapadne, ali i iz umjetnosti susjednih pravoslavnih zemalja. Međutim, Bizantijsko Carstvo, a s njim i paleološka umjetnost, i dalje je karakterizirala znatna decentralizacija. U umjetničkoj aktivnosti njene posljedice mogu se vidjeti u raspoloženju arhitektonskih spomenika na tom području, od brojnih hramova u Srbiji (npr. [[manastir Sopoċani]]), preko Makedonije i Soluna do umjetnosti u Epiru (današnja [[Albanija]] i [[Grčka]]) i [[Mistras]]u na [[Peloponez]]u. U duhovnom okruženju razvija se i preovladava molitvena tradicija [[Istihaza|istihaze]]. Zajedno s tim izgrađuje se i niz stilski raznovrsnih manastira na visokim stijenama, poznatih pod nazivom [[Meteora]]. Glavno središte srednjovjekovnih kaluđera i isposnika na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]] se širi, u kojem je svaki veći pravoslavni narod postepeno gradio svoj manastir. Uloga svetogorskih manastira povećala se još više tokom perioda istihaze.No, pored ovih tradicionalnih tema pojavljuje se i nova tema: ljudska figura, koja se na sarkofazima nije vidjela od ranobizantskog razdoblja. Predstave ljudi, njihovi portreti pokojnika i svetaca, Krista i Bogorodice, ponovno se pojavljuju u to vrijeme u nizu vrsta skulptura, posebno onih povezanih s grobnicom. Istaknutost ljudskog lika u vizantijskoj skulpturi izmenila je 13. i 15. vijeka ukazuju na trajno interesovanje bizantijskih skulptora za drevne oblike i stilove, inspirisane grčko-rimskim skulpturama sačuvanim na bizantskim teritorijima.''Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261 - 1557)'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, prvo izdanje, 2004, str. 5–15, 17–92, 95–103; {{ISBN|1-58839-113-2}}</ref> U manastirima na Svetoj gori čuvaju se bogate zbirke dobro očuvanih bizantijskih i srednjovjekovnih artefakata, rijetkih knjiga, drevnih dokumenata i umjetnina od ogromne historijske vrijednosti.<ref name="ARS">{{Cite web|url=https://arsartisticadventureofmankind.wordpress.com/2015/06/08/the-byzantine-monasteries-of-mount-athos-in-greece-and-the-byzantine-art-in-the-balkan-peninsula/|title=The Byzantine monasteries of Mount Athos in Greece and the Byzantine art in the Balkan Peninsula|work=arsartisticadventureofmankind.wordpress.com|access-date=10. 8. 2021}}</ref> Bizantijska umjetnost nastavila se širiti prema [[Rusija|Rusiji]], [[Venecija|Veneciji]] i na [[Balkan]]u, ali nije imala utjecaja na muslimanske [[Turci|Turke]]. Uprkos uspješnoj obnovi, zlatno doba Bizantijskog Carstva bilo je prošlost. Prijetnja novim krstaškim ratom, borbama s Osmanlijama i neprestanim građanskim ratovima 1320. - 1350. oslabila je carstvo i dovela do gubitka brojnih teritorija, a ostao je samo [[Peloponez|Peloponesko poluostrvo]], uski pojas oko glavnog grada i neka ostrva na Egejskom moru. U posljednjim godinama postojanja Bizantijskog Carstva u zemlji se počeo manifestirati svojevrsni dualizam moći - glavni centar moći u Carigradu, koji je nestao 1453, i drugi centar moći u Mistrasu - [[Morejska Despotovina]]. Moreja na Peloponezu također je postala važno umjetničko središte, koje je nastavilo sa svojom umjetnikom aktivnošću i nakon propasti Bizantije.<ref name="BFP">''Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261–1557)'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, prvo izdanje, 2004, str. 5–15, 17–92, 95–250; {{ISBN|1-58839-113-2}}</ref> Italijanske zemlje, posebno [[Mletačka Republika]] i njihovo ostrvo [[Kreta]], postale su važno izgnanstvo za bizantijske umjetnike, gdje je bizantijska umjetnička tradicija trajala dugo nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja posljednje bizantijske države nasljednice. [[Kretska škola]] je postepeno uvodila zapadne elemente u svoj umjetnički stil i izvozila je veliki broj [[ikona]] na zapad. Njeni najpoznatiji svjetski umjetnici bili su [[El Greco]] i [[Mihael Damaskenos]]. Najveći preporod doživljavaju [[Mozaik|mozaici]] i [[Freska|freske]], koje se očituju dinamičnošću i narativnošću, a slike stvaraju zamršene tapiserije. Boje i veličina detalja također se mijenjaju i smanjuju. Najvažniji mozaici urađeni za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog sačuvani su u [[Manastir Hora|manastiru Hora]] i u [[Manastir Pammakaristos|manastiru Pammakaristos]] u [[Istanbul]]u. Iako se čini da su mozaici i freske [[Crkva svetih apostola|Crkve svetih apostola]] u [[Solun]]u djelo umjetnika iz Konstantinopolja koje je unajmio patrijarh Nefon 1312–1315, u gotovo svim slučajevima talentovani lokalni slikari radili su u Srbiji. Tokom razdoblja vladavine Paleologa anonimnost umjetničkih djela djelimično nestaje, jer su neki umjetnici svoja djela potpisivali od kraja 12. vijeka. Poznata su nam imena poput [[Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa|Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape]], koji su radili na ukrašavanju nekoliko crkava za srpskog kralja [[Uroš II Milutin|Uroša II. Milutina]] (1282 - 1321) i koji su naslikali veliki dio ikona koje su danas u [[Crkva svetog Klimenta|crkvi svetog Klimenta]] u [[Ohrid]]u. Iz ovog perioda sačuvan je i veliki broj drvenih panel-ikona čiji kvalitet izrade varira u zavisnosti od radionice gdje su izrađene, a radionice u Konstantinopolju održavale su relativno pristojan nivo kvaliteta izrade. Karakterizirali su ih manje strog pristup, novo uvažavanje čisto dekorativnih svojstava slike pri čemu je velika pažnja bila usmjerena prema detaljima, a sve ovo je općenito postalo poznato kao paleološki manirizam. Preovladavaju svijetle tople boje i shematski [[Zlato|zlatni]] slojevi naneseni potezima slikarske četkice. Kvalitet ikona varira u zavisnosti od proizvodne radionice, a radionice u Konstantinopolju održavaju relativno pristojan nivo. U hramovima su veliki mozaik ili ikonične slike bili okačeni ili na stubove pregrade ([[ikonostas]], [[templon]]) ili na ulazu u [[Brod (arhitektura)|brod]], kao što je to bio slučaj u crkvi Hora u Konstantinopolju, gdje su približno 1326. mozaici koji prikazuju sv. Petra i Pavla vode pogled vjernika u svetište. Međutim, gotovo svi ukrasi ovog tipa uništeni su tokom vremena. U [[Iluminacija|iluminaciji]] knjiga djela ne dosežu nivo iz prethodnih razdoblja i kvalitetnija djela su prilično rijetka, ali portreti na knjigama su novost. Zahvaljujući njima sačuvano je nekoliko carskih portreta. Kao i mnoge [[Minijatura|minijature]] iz tog vremena, naslikane su na odvojenim listovima ugrađenim u rukopise i stoga nisu djelo pisara. Umjetnici su koristili različite tehnike, pa su stoga neka heterogena djela možda potekla od jednog autora, uprkos anahronoj, ali uvriježenoj ideji specijalizacije. Slikari su zimi vjerovatno izrađivali ikone i rukopise, a ljeti [[Freska|freske]]. U 14. vijeku ne može se primijetiti veliki porast broja knjiga koje su opisivali laici i ilustrirali umjetnici koji nisu mogli biti ni sveštenici ni monasi. U umjetnosti izrade malih predmeta uočljiv je pad kvaliteta u odnosu na ranija razdoblja. Gubitak istočnih teritorija značio je nedostatak skupljih materijala, posebno [[Slonovača|slonovače]] i plemenitih metala. Proizvodnja je uglavnom bila usmjerena na drvo, a [[keramika]] se također više koristila. Težina radova također se smanjuje, a [[filigran]] postaje popularan. Više pažnje posvećeno je zaštiti ikona, a izrađuju se metalni okviri i keramičke pločice za ikone. Umjetnost izrade tkanina i vezova doživjela je znatan razvoj.<ref name="AOBE"/><ref name="BFP"/> == Izrada mozaika == [[Datoteka:Deesis mosaic Hagia Sophia.jpg|thumb|300px|desno|[[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaik]], smješten u zatvorenom carskom dijelu gornjih galerija u Haja Sofiji, predstavlja jedan od najboljih primjera paleološke renesanse.]] Pljačka Konstantinopolja koju su izveli krstaši 1204. dovela je do pada upotrebe mozaičke umjetnosti tokom sljedećih pola vijeka. Nakon bizantijskog oslobađanja grada 1261, Aja Sofija je obnovljena, a bizantijski umjetnici uradili su monumentalni [[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|deisis mozaik]] koji je urađen u svrhu obilježavanja oslobađanja od latinske okupacije. Na ovom mozaiku prikazan je Hristos uz kojeg su Bogorodica i sveti Ivan Krstitelj približno dva i po puta veći od prirodne veličine. Veličina ove tri figure odražava njihovu važnost u bizantijskoj kulturi. Tema u deisis mozaiku u kojem Bogorodica i sveti Jovan Krstitelj imaju ulogu posrednika kod Hrista u ime čovječanstva česta je u umjetnosti u raznim medijima od srednjobizantijskog razdoblja, pa nadalje, gdje se često upotrebljavala [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicija]] slična ovoj iz Haja Sofije. Također, ilustrirano je šire stremljenje ka [[Naturalizam|naturalizmu]] (oponašanje vidljivog svijeta) u kasnoj bizantijskoj umjetnosti. Smatra se jednim od najfinijih i najpoznatijih mozaika u Aja Sofiji zbog mehkoće njegovih karakteristika, intenzivnih emotivnih izraza humanosti i tonova, te spretnosti umjetnika prilikom njegove izade. Umjetnički stil blizak je stilu italijanskih slikara s kraja 13. i početka 14. vijeka, poput [[Duccio|Duccia]], i predstavlja najavu promjena u ranom [[Italijansko renesansno slikarstvo|italijanskom renesansnom slikarstvu]], a ujedno je jedan od najboljih primjera paleološke renesanse.<ref name="BFP"/><ref>{{Cite web|url= https://smarthistory.org/deesis-christ-with-the-virgin-mary-and-john-the-baptist-hagia-sophia-istanbul/|title= Late Byzantine naturalism: Hagia Sophia’s Deësis mosaic|website= smarthistory.org|access-date= 26. 3. 2021}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Istanbul - Chiesa Pammacaristos (Fetiye camii) - Cupola - Foto G. Dall'Orto 26-5-2006.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Pogled na središnju kupolu pareklesiona sa Hristom Pantokratorom okruženog prorocima iz [[Stari zavjet|Starog zavjeta]], manastir Bogorodica Pammakaristos]] Bizantijski humanizam doživio je novi procvat za vrijeme vladavine cara [[Andronik II Paleolog|Andronika II]] (1282. - 1328.) i njegova dva savjetnika [[Nikifor Humna|Nikiforom Humnom]] i [[Teodor Metohit|Teodorom Metohitom]], humanizam [[platon]]skog nadahnuća koji je u Bizantijsko Carstvo unio sekularni ton koji je postao novi i kojim je umjetnicima data nova svrha i smjer.<ref name="AOBW"/> Do kraja 13. vijeka prepoznatljiv oblik aristokratskog pokroviteljstva u Konstantinopolju bio je dodavanje novih građevina na već postojećim manastirima. Dva najambicioznija projekta iz tog vremena su [[paraklesion]] (pogrebna kapela), dodata [[Manastir Bogorodica Pammakaristos|manastiru Bogorodice Pammakaristos]] (danas Fetiye džamija) i obnova [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]] (danas džamija Kariye muzesi). U periodu između 1305 - 10 udovica bivšeg generala Michaela Glabasa Tarchaneiotesa, dala je da se pored manastira Bogorodice Pammakaristos izgradi mauzolej u obliku minijaturne crkve u obliku grčkog krsta posvećene Hristu. Mozaici su pažljivo planirani da funkcionišu kao ikone u čast preminulih. Izvođenje mozaika otkriva obrazac rada koji je tipičan nakon 1261. Hristos u kupoli uobičajena je slika Pantokratora, a umjetnik koji je to uradio vjerovatno je mnogo puta predstavljao Hrista u ovom obliku. Za razliku od Hrista u apsidi, koji je dio deisis grupe i žarište posredničkog ciklusa, bio je posebno tretiran i mnogo duguje novom modelu Hrista u [[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|deisis mozaiku iz Aja Sofije]]. Međusobna povezanost ova dva cilja, tradicionalnog i eksperimentalnog, dinamika je umjetničkog stvaralaštva uočljivijeg nakon 1261. u odnosu na raniji period.<ref name="RC">''Byzantine Art'', Robin Cormack, Oxford University Press, objavljena 2000., {{ISBN|0-19-284211-0}}, str. 120, 207-215</ref> [[datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople (6).JPG|thumb|250px|desno|Mozaik na kojem je prikazan [[Teodor Metohit]] (lijevo), glavni donator obnove i unutrašnje dekoracije manastira Hora]] Najvažniji sačuvani mozaici iz vremena kasne bizantijske umjetnosti danas se mogu naċi u nekadašnjem manastiru Hora u Istanbulu. Svi mozaici u kupoli i polukružnoj [[Luneta|luneti]] na narteksu relativno su dobro očuvani, a između 1948. i 1958. obnovljeni su pod vodstvom direktora Američkog bizantijskog instituta Paula Adkinsa Underwooda. Ciklus biblijskih scena u bogatom, ukrasnom obrascu, sa svim vrstama fantastičnih životinjskih oblika, pokazuje izraženu sklonost klasičnim i ranohrišćanskim oblicima. U odabiru tema, primjetan je povratak bizantijskoj tradiciji nakon [[Bizantijski ikonoklazam|ikonoklazma]], ali s više pažnje posvećene ljudskom aspektu, podsjećajuċi na kasnije mozaike u [[Bazilika svetog Marka|bazilici svetog Marka]].<ref name="AOBW"/> Najvažniji narativni ciklusi smješteni su u sjevernom krilu unutrašnjeg ulaznog trijema (narteksa), u kojima je životna priča Bogorodice prikazana na osamnaest prekrasnih mozaičkih panela. Stručnjaci smatraju da je ovaj cjelovit prikaz Bogorodice (od njenog začeća od strane majke Ane, pa sve do smrti) vrlo rijedak u hrišćanskoj umjetnosti. Isto tako, u sjevernom krilu vanjskog narteksa prikazane su važne faze iz života svete porodice, rođenje i krštenje Isusa Hrista i druge scene iz njegovog života.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.mybeautifulistanbul.com/2020/10/20/the-beautiful-mosaics-and-frescoes-of-the-chora/|title= The Beautiful Mosaics and Frescoes of the Chora|work= mybeautifulistanbul.com|access-date= 16. 5. 2021}}</ref> Mozaička i fresko dekoracija u manastiru Hora urađena je pod pokroviteljstvom Teodora Metohita (slika desno), koji se pojavljuje u mozaiku smještenom iznad zapadnih vrata od unutrašnjeg narteksa do svetilišta, predstavljajući Hristu, koji je na prijestolju, maketu manastira Hora. Odjeven je u bogatu svilenu nošnju i veliki šešir dvorskog službenika.<ref name="ABE">''Art of the Byzantine Era'', David Talbot Rice, "Frederick A. Praeger Inc.", New York City 1963, Kongresna biblioteka SAD-a pod brojem 63-16444, str. 223–264.</ref> Iako su u crkvi Hora napravljeni neki od najvažnijih pomaka i inovacija iz vremena kasne bizantijske umjetnosti, bizantolozi svrstavaju neke od mozaičkih i fresko ciklusa u ovom sakralnom objektu kao "konzervativne", a najbolji primjer je mozaik Uspenja svete Marije. Međutim, uočljivo je da je umjetnik morao tražiti modele i ponekad je morao ispunjavati slobodne zidne prostore konvencionalnim motivima. Prepoznatljiva osobina pri dizajniranju ovih scena je upotreba [[Perspektiva (likovna umjetnost)|perspektive]] za stvaranje slikovitog prostora u kojem se priča odvija, ali bizantijski pronalasci u raščišćavanjima razlikuju se od kasnijih [[Renesansa|renesansnih]] konstrukcija prema jednoj tački nestajanja (osnova kasnijeg fresko ciklusa u paraklezijumu ove crkve). Umjesto toga, linije građevina u pozadini mozaika ukrštaju se na figurama u prvom planu i ističu radnju i priču. U ukrašavanju se također poklanja pažnja upotrebom bogatih i raznolikih ukrasa i obruba. Mozaici i zidne slike u crkvi Hora uvode nove ideje i dizajne u bizantijsku monumentalnu umjetnost, od kojih su neke proizašle iz poznavanja međunarodnih ideja tog doba.<ref name="RC"/> Postoji još određeni broj sačuvanih mozaika iz nekadašnjih konstantinopoljskih manastira koji su nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja grada preinačeni u džamije. Latinsko kraljevstvo Solun, koje su osnovali krstaši, trajalo je samo od 1204. do 1224, a čini se da su gradske crkve u Solunu pretrpjele mnogo manje štete i zanemarivanja u odnosu na konstantinopoljske. Crkva iz 14. vijeka, izvorno posvećena Bogorodici, koja se danas naziva [[Crkva svetih apostola (Solun)|Crkvi svetih apostola]], ukrašena je u svojim središnjim dijelovima mozaicima, a zidnim slikama u manje važnim područjima. Prisustvo monograma patrijarha [[Nifont I Carigradski|Nifonta I Carigradskog]] daje godinu 1329. kao precizan datum izgradnje i njene unutrašnje dekoracije. Od unutrašnje dekoracije najviše se ističe izvanredni mozaički prikaz Preobraženja Hristovog (pogledati galeriju).<ref>''Early Christian and Byzantine art'', John Lowden, Phaidon Press Limited, London, prvo izdanje, 1997. str. 402; {{ISBN|0 7148 3168 9}}</ref> Bitni su i mnogobrojni minijaturni mozaici iz Mistrasa na Peloponezu,<ref name="BAEA">''Byzantine art, a European art. Zappeion Exhibition Hall, Athens, 1964, Greece Council of Europe, str. 213–215.</ref> koji su preneseni u mali arheološki muzej grada na Áyios Níkonosu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.roughguides.com/greece/the-peloponnese/sparti-sparta-and-around/|title=Spárti (Sparta) and around|work=roughguides.com|access-date=3. 8. 2021}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Mozaička galerija"> Datoteka:Άγιοι Απόστολοι Θεσσαλονίκης. Η Μεταμόρφωση του Χριστού. Ψηφιδωτή παράσταση των ετών 1310-1314.jpg|Preobraženje Hristovog, Crkva svetih apostola u Solunu Datoteka:HSX Mary genealogy.jpg|Bogorodica sa djetetom u sredini mozaika, okružena starozavjetnim predacima, manastir Hora Datoteka:Chora Christ south coupole.jpg|Hrist Pantokrator okružen starozavjetnim predacima, Manastir Hora Datoteka:HSX Koimetesis.jpg|Uspenje svete Marije (Koimesis, manastir Hora Datoteka: Istanbul - Chiesa Pammacaristos (Fetiye camii) - San Gregorio armeniaco - Foto G. Dall'Orto 26-5-2006.jpg|Sveti Gregorije Armenac, manastir Bogorodice Pammakaristos u Istanbulu Datoteka:Istanbul Kariye museum Naos Jesus Christ june 2019 2372.jpg|Isus Hrist, manastir Hora Datoteka:Istanbul Kariye museum Naos Theodokos june 2019 2375.jpg|Bogorodica i dijete, manastir Hora Datoteka:StPeter-mosaic-from-Chora-church-in-Istanbul.jpg|Mozaik na kojem je prikazan sveti Petar kako drži ključeve raja, manstir Hora Datoteka:Paul in Chora.jpg|Mozaik svetog Pavla, manastir Hora </gallery> == Slikarstvo == Usljed nastavljanja gubitka teritorija i slabljenja carstva, posljednji period bizantijske umjetnosti prepoznatljiv je po preovladavajuċoj zastupljenosti zidnog slikarstva, koje je bilo jeftinije u odnosu na izradu mozaika i luksuznih predmeta od dragih metala i [[slonovača|slonovače]]. Tokom posljednjeg razdoblja bizantijske umjetnosti, slikarstvo se nastavilo i ubrzano je davalo sve veći zamah novim stilovima što otkriva određenu težnju za obnovom. Jedan od najprepoznatljivijih stilova na zidnim slikama je onaj koji se obično naziva "makedonski". Ovaj stil je izvanredan po svojoj tendenciji da prikaže ljudsku dramu i da je naglasi svim sredstvima koja ima na raspolaganju: uznemireni pokreti, dinamični stavovi, živahne geste, kontrasti u boji, uvećani prostori. Ljudske figure, često izvanredni [[portret]]i dobijaju težinu i volumen, pri čemu su široke draperije prožete posebnim izražajem, [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicija]] postaje šira i postiže epsku veličinu. Čini se da ova tendencija ka revolucionarnijem izrazu svijeta nije trajala više od dvije ili tri decenije počevši od kraja 13. pa sve do početka 14. vijeka. Ovom pokretu pripadali su umjetnici poput [[Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa|Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape]] i [[Manuel Panselin]] iz Soluna, koje mnogi historičari umjetnosti smatraju najvažnijim pripadnicima Solunske slikarske škole.<ref name="BAEA"/> Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa radili su freske visokog kvaliteta u manastirima u [[Ohrid]]u, Skoplju (crkva Bogorodice Peribleptos, crkva svetog Nikite i crkva svetog Georgija u Staro Nagoričane, 40 km sjeverozapadno od Skoplja), kao i crkvi Bogorodice Ljeviške u [[Prizren]]u, dok je Manuel Pselos slikao freske na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]].<ref>Early Christian and Byzantine Art, John Lowden, prvo izdanje od strane Phaidon Press Limited, London, 1997; {{ISBN|0-7148-3168-9}}, str. 404-407</ref> Bizantijski umjetnici za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog razvili su novo zanimanje za pejzaž i pastoralnu scenu, postepeno otvarajući put detaljnim narativnim freskama. O tome najbolje svjedoči velika grupa umjetničkih djela pronađenih u manastirima u Mistrasu na Peloponezu. Najveći dio ovog razdoblja protekao je u znaku zidnog slikarstva, koje se očituje dinamičnošću i narativnošću, gdje slike stvaraju složene tapiserije. Boje i veličina detalja također se mijenjaju i smanjuju. Pažnja se posvećuje arhitektonskim detaljima građevina i prirodi koji su u pozadini slike, pri čemu se napušta hijerarhijska frontalna krutost. Figuralna umjetnost, a posebno religiozno slikarstvo, doživjeli su dugotrajni posljednji prosperitetni period. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavljivale predstojeći kraj Bizantijskog Carstva, rad grčkih mozaičara, slikara i vajara i dalje je bio veoma tražen, uglavnom od članova važnih plemićkih porodica iz Konstantinopolja i provincija, kao i od bugarskih i srpskih knezova koji su slijedili umjetničke primjere Bizantinaca. Nekoliko drugih dovoljno prosperitetnih središta bili su u stanju održavati lokalnu tradiciju u arhitekturi i ukrašavanju sakralnih objekata tokom dužeg perioda. Većina umjetničkih djela iz paleološkog razdoblja bila je u drugom najvažnijem gradu carstva u to vrijeme – Mistrasu. Korak unazad bila je umjetnost hesihizma iz druge polovine 14. vijeka, u čijim je djelima izostala elegancija iz prethodnog vremena.<ref name="BAEA"/> === Freske === [[Datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople 2007 013.jpg|thumb|350px|desno|Freska Hristovog uskrsnuća iz manastira Hora predstavlja jedan od napoznatijih primjera fresko slikarstva iz vremena paleološke renesanse]] Najbolji primjeri "makedonskog" stila fresko slikarstva tokom paleološke renesanse čuvaju se u paraklezijumu crkve Hora u Istanbulu, čije freske predstavljaju dokaz o zidnom slikarstvu u glavnom gradu Bizantijskog Carstva s početka 14. vijeka. Slikarski stil koji je tu bio razvijen ima svu živost i epsku raskoš iz vremena prve bizantijske slikarske škole bez naglaska na dramskom elementu, kao i svu gracioznost Hora mozaika i fresaka. Posebno je u crkvi Hora uočljivo da je ikonografski i vjerski program bio mnogo širi u odnosu na raniji period i odgovarao je opštim ukrasnim kretanjima u slikarstvu. Očigledna je i tendencija da se kroz mozaike i freske crkva pretvori u ilustriranu knjigu koja će vjernike podučavati o svemu što ima veze s njihovom vjerom. Pritom se naglašava liturgija, ali dekoracija u cjelini ide mnogo dalje. Najbolji dokaz za sve veċ navedeno su sačuvani opširni fresko ciklusi u pareklezijumu crkve Hora u kojima se uspostavljaju evokativne veze između [[Stari zavjet|Starog]] i [[Novi zavjet|Novog zavjeta]]. Istovremeno, oni otkrivaju blisku vezu između fresko programa i same svrhe pogrebne kapele. Vrhunac fresko ciklusa je ostvaren u izvanrednim prikazima Sudnjeg dana (pogledati galeriju) i [[Isusovo uskrsnuċe (freska iz manastira Hora)|Isusovog uskrsnuċa]] (slika desno). Posebno je važna freska Hristovog uskrsnuċa (grčki: Anastasis), koja je za razliku od ranijih krutih i statičnih prikaza na istu temu veoma dinamična. U njoj, Hrist pobjeđuje [[Sotona|sotonu]] i ruši vrata [[Pakao|pakla]], te snažnim pokretom hvata za ruke Adama i Evu izvlačeċi ih iz njihovih grobova. Na taj način spašava njihove duše iz pakla, gdje su bili zbog činjenice da su ličnosti iz [[Knjiga postanka|Knjige postanka]] te su živjeli u vrijeme prije dolaska Hrista. Tjelesni pokreti psihološki su intenzivni, a izražajnost držanja likova u ovoj fresci prevladavaju. Dramatična radnja je predstavljena izvanrednim osjećajem fizičkog pokreta i sile. Tri središnje figure dramatično se kreću po vertikalnoj osi i tjelesnim položajima uz dodavanje geometrijskih oblika, stvaraju osjećaj dijagonale i horizontalnog kretanja. Odjeća i draperije služe za sugeriranje stavova, pokreta i djelovanja tijela. Precizno ocrtavanje zamjenjuje nazubljenu apstrakciju draperije koja je bila prepoznatljiva u [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|bizantijskoj umjetnosti za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen]].<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p291911/pdf/4.-The-Fresco-of-the-Anastasis-in-the-Chora-Church.pdf|title= ''The Fresco of the Anastasis in the Chora Church''|work= press-files.anu.edu.au|access-date= 22. 7. 2021}}</ref> Između 1290-ih i 1420-ih grad Mistras na jugu [[Grčka|Grčke]] bio je takmac Konstantinopolju na kulturnom polju. Bio je posljednje veliko bizantijsko središte izučavanja koje je privlačilo intelektualce i umjetnike na čijem je čelu bio filozof [[Gemistus Pletho]]. Istovremeno, bio je i glavno administrativno središte na [[Peloponez]]u kada je izgrađen i ukrašen veliki broj crkava i manastira. Među njima su najvažniji crkva svetog Toedora, [[manastir Pantanassa]] i [[manastir Peribleptos]] u kojima su sačuvani neki od vrijednih primjera fresko slikarstva iz tog perioda (pogledati galeriju).<ref name="BA"/> Opširni fresko ciklusi koji pokrivaju unutrašnjost manastira Peribleptos nastali su između 1350. i 1375. Ova djela povezana su s kretskom i makedonskom umjetničkom školom.<ref>Hamilton, J. Arnott (1956). Byzantine Architecture and Decoration. London: Jarrold and Sons. str. 194–195.</ref> Prema riječima historičarke umjetnosti Annie Labatt: {{Citat|"prostor i pokreti tretirani su sa zapadnjačkim osjećajem na ovim freskama".}}<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/fwbz/hd_fwbz.htm|title=Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|last=Labatt|first=Annie|date=2000|website=Metropolitan Museum of Art|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|access-date=10. 3. 2016}}</ref> Još važnije od bilo kojeg grčkog kopnenog umjetničkog središta iz ovog perioda bilo je ostrvo [[Kreta]], gdje je sačuvano više od 600 crkava ukrašenih vrijednim freskama. Iako male veličinom, ogromna veċina crkava na Kreti ukrašene su u 14. i 15. vijeku, što potvrđuje procvat slikarstva. Uz pomoć natpisa moguće je, naprimjer, pratiti dugu karijeru slikara po imenu [[Joannis Pagomenos]]. Bio je jedan je od najvažnijih slikara na ostrvu jer je stvorio okvir za poznatu [[Kretska škola|Kretsku školu]] fresko slikarstva, čiji je rad dokumentiran u osam sačuvanih crkava na zapadu Krete. Budući da je njegova slikarska karijera trajala između 1313. i 1347, slikao je vjerovatno još mnogo drugih freski u crkvama na ostrvu. Tokom ovog dugog razdoblja prosperiteta i umjetničkih aktivnosti Kreta nije bila dio Bizantijskog Carstva.<ref name="BAEA"/> Jedno od veoma važnih područja fresko slikarstva za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog jest i područje današnje [[Sjeverna Makedonija|Sjeverne Makedonije]]. Freske u crkvi Bogorodice Peribleptos u Skoplju predstavljaju neka od prvih djela najprestižnijih srednjovjekovnih bizantijskih slikara Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape. Njihova dramatična izražajnost bila je osnova novog trenda u bizantijskoj umjetnosti iz ove epohe, poznatije kao "renesansa Paleologa", koja je bila posljednje poglavlje bizantijske umjetnosti. Na zidovima ove crkve, izvanrednom vitalnošću, snagom i očiglednim emocijama, naslikali su prizore iz života Bogorodice i Isusa Hrista. Ovdje je umjetnost Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape iz temelja promijenila vizuelnu koncepciju bizantijskog svijeta, uvodeći nove ideale za građane i skromne religiozne ljude tadašnjeg Bizantijskog Carstva. Naslikali su deset ciklusa fresaka u oltaru, naosu i narteksu (priprati), koje priedstavljaju jedan od najbogatijih ciklusa fresaka u cijelom bizantijskom svijetu, posvećen životu Bogorodice (pogledati galeriju). Također, ova crkva ima najveći broj sačuvanih potpisa ove dvojice umjetnika skrivenih u freskama.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://experience-macedonia.com/the-holy-mother-of-god-peribleptos/|title= The Holy Mother of God – Peribleptos in Ohrid|work=experiece-macedonia.com|access-date=29. 7. 2021}}</ref> Bitno je napomenuti i stari grad [[Ber]] na sjevery Grčke sa crkvom Isusovog uskrsnuća, u kojoj su neke od veoma kvalitetnih fresaka iz 1315, koje su djelo tada najpoznatijeg solunskog slikara [[Georgios Kaliergis|Georgisa Kaliergisa]], a po kvalitetu mogu se uporediti sa freskama u crkvi Hora kao i freskama u najstarijim solunskim crkvama (pogledati galeriju).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/31058516/Painters_in_the_Late_Byzantine_World_1204-1453_Monumental_Painting_in_Byzantium_and_Beyond_New_Perspectives._Byzantine_Studies_Colloquium_Dumbarton_Oaks_Washington_DC_November_4_2016_full_text_without_footnotes|title=''Painters in the Late Byzantine World (1204-1453), Monumental Painting in Byzantium and Beyond: New Perspectives. Byzantine Studies Colloquium''|work=academia.edu|access-date=12. 8. 2021}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Fresko galerija"> Datoteka: Izgonuvanjeto na trgovcite od hramot Sv. Nikita Banjani.jpg|Isus rastjeruje lihvare iz jevrejskog hrama u Jerusalemu, fresku su uradili Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa, Crkva svetog Nikite u selu Banjani kod Skoplja. Datoteka:Ljeviska002.jpg|Razgovor apostola, freska u crkvi Bogorodica Ljeviška u Prizrenu. Datoteka:Meister der Peribleptos-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|Scena Hristovog rođenja, freska u manastiru Peribleptos u Mistri na Peloponezu. Datoteka: Church of Saint George in Staro Nagorichino, Communion of the Apostles in the apse.jpg|Pričest apostola, freska u crkvi svetog Georgija, Staro Nagoričane kod Skoplja. Datoteka:Jacob's ladder and Jacob wrestling an angel.jpg|Scena hrvanja sa anđelom i sveti Jakov koji leži na podu u donjem lijevom uglu, dok su pored njega stepenice koje vode ka raju. Freska u crkvi Hora. Datoteka:Deesis of the Judgement day mosaic at Chora.jpg|Fresko prikaz Sudnjeg dana, manastir Hora, Istanbul Datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople 2007 010.jpg|Pogled na fresko cikluse u paraklezijumu manastira Hora Datoteka:Istanbul Chora Church 01.jpg|Freska u kupoli na kojoj je u središnjem medaljonu prikazana Bogorodica, dok su okolo prikazani njeni preci, manastir Hora. Datoteka: Meister der Pantanassa-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|Freska u manastiru Pantanassa na Peloponezu sa prikazom scene buđenja Lazara. Datoteka: Олтар-Богородица Перивлепта.jpg|Životopis Bogorodice, fresko prikaz u crkvi Bogorodice Peribletos u Skoplju. Datoteka: AngelNikita.jpg|Zidna freska sa prikazom anđela u crkvi svetog Nikite u selu Gornjane kod Skoplja. Datoteka: Christ Church in Veria Resurrection Fresco on the Southern Wall by Georgios Kalliergis, 1315.gif|Fresko prikaz Isusa Hrista, južni zid crkve Isusovog uskrsnuća u gradu Ber na sjeveru Grčke. </gallery> === Ikone === [[Datoteka: Богородица лешочка- август 2015 (5).JPG|thumb|450px|Ikonostas u crkvi Uspenja svete Bogorodice [[Lešočki manastir]], Sjeverna Makedonija.]] Među osobinama koje najočiglednije razlikuju kasnobizantijsku umjetnost je i količina ikona naslikanih na panelima. Ni iz jednog ranijeg razdoblja bizantijske umjetnosti paneli nisu sačuvani u tako velikom broju kao i njihovim velikim dimenzijama. Ikone su oduvijek postojale u monumentalnim dimenzijama, ali u zidnim slikama sa freskama, mozaicima ili vitražima, a ne kao slike na panelima. Također, isto slikovno izlaganje cvjetalo je kod ličnih i ikona malih razmjera.<ref name="BFP"/> Naslikane ikone na drvenim panelima bile su jeftinije od mozaika ili predmeta od slonovače, pa su zato postajale sve brojnije i važnije nego što su bile u ranijim vremenima. Od približno 1300. godine, pa nadalje postale su jedan od najvažnijih oblika umjetničkog izražavanja.<ref name="ABE"/> Zbog činjenice da se kasnobizantijska crkvena dekoracija sastojala uglavnom od zidnog slikarstva i ikona, zbog toga su potonje sve više bile u središtu pažnje i pokroviteljstva. Ovo je i glavni razlog što je veliki broj ikona iz tog vremena sačuvan do danas, a upravo je ovo medij u kojem je uočljiv utjecaj zapadne umjetnosti. Ono što je u 12. vijeku u [[Manastir svetog Neofita|manastiru svetog Neofita]] na [[Kipar|Kipru]], kada je [[Teodor Apseudes]] potpisao i datirao svoju sliku, bilo izuzetak, postalo je redovna pojava u kasnobizantijskom periodu. Još jedan umjetnik, [[Angelos Akotantos]], koji je radio na Kritu u prvoj polovini 15. vijeka potpisao je brojne ikone. Nezavisno je dokumentovan kroz njegovu sačuvanu oporuku u notarskim arhivama na Kreti napisanu 1436. Bio je plodni slikar, a njegove ikone pokazuju sposobnost da zadovolje potražnju za tradicionalnim slikama ili slikama u kojima su primjetni izrazito zapadnjački detalji ili konvencije. Ova dva već navedena bizantijska umjetnika bila su vrlo utjecajna, počevši od rada najvažnijeg ruskog ikonopisca [[Andrej Rubljov|Andreja Rubljova]] i njegovih sljedbenika, koji su bili pod direktnim utjecajem stvaralaštva [[Teofan Grk|Teofana Grka]], te karakteru kretskog ikonopistva, koje je na kraju doveolo do umjetnika poput [[El Greco|El Greca]], koji duguju Angelosu Akotantosu.<ref name="RC"/> Karakter svetog prostora u pravoslavnim crkvama promijenio se još više tokom 14. vijeka. U okviru [[templon]]a koji je između [[naos]]a i svetišta već od 8. vijeka počele su se držati ikone, često oslikane i postavljene u pregrade sa scenama iz 12 glavnih hrišćanskih svetkovina. Sljedeća faza bila je transformacija templonske strukture u neprozirni visoki [[ikonostas]] koji je držao nekoliko redova ikona, čije veličine su prilagođavane templonskoj strukturi.<ref name="RC"/> Na ikonostasu su korištene ikone dvije različite veličine - veće u donjoj polovini pregrade sa slikama Hrista, Bogorodice s Djetetom, arhanđela ili sveca zaštitnika crkve. Gornji red ikona na templonu je veličine približno pola metra ili malo više, Ulazna vrata u svetiste slikana su sa scenom [[Blagovijest]]i ili sa svecima (grčki: dodekaorton). raspoređene u standardiziranim nizovima: obično prikaz velikog [[Deisis]]a u kojem pored Hrista stoje Bogorodica i Ivan Krstitelj, scene iz 12 glavnih hrišćanskih svetkovina, te ciklus glavnih scena [[Bogojavljenje|Bogojavljenja]] iz života Hrista i Bogorodice. Ikone ove veličine također su bile pohranjene u znatnom broju na prolazima i zidovima svetišta crkava i stavljene su za štovanje na stalku za ikone (proskynetarion). Na ikonama iz ovog perioda uočljiva je osjetljiva međuigra između likova i okolnog prostora u [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicijama]] s jednim likom, gdje slikovni oblik istovremeno daje utisak siluete u odnosu na zlatnu podlogu i modeliran je kao da je obavijen trodimenzionalno u svojoj svjetlosti. U scenama prikazanim na kasnobizantijskim ikonama likovi se ne pojavljuju uz tlo, već unutar prostornog okruženja, čija se postavka dramatično proširuje u paleološkoj umjetnosti, ostavljajući likove male u svojim strmim prostorima. Koliko god ti prostori bili veliki, oni daju utisak napetosti i rječito su vezani za ljudske geste koje ih iscrtavaju. Takva prostorna rječitost odlično je odgovarala slikama pustinjskog asketizma. Pustinjski prizori su duboko ukorijenjeni u bizantijskoj iluminaciji knjiga, ali od kasnog 13. vijeka, pa nadalje počeli su se koristiti i u ikonoslikarstvu.<ref name="BFP"/> ==== "Ohridske ikone" ==== [[Datoteka:Ohrid annunciation icon.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Navještenje Bogorodice, dimenzije 93 x 68 cm, urađena u Konstantinopolju, rani 14. vijek, tempera i zlato na drvetu, sa posrebrenom i emajliranom oblogom, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu.]] Za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog slikanje panela i ukrasnih ploča dobilo je tako snažan poticaj da se primjeri mogu naći svugdje gdje je utjecaj Bizantije dosegao. Ova nova potražnja za prenosivim ikonama rezultat je uvođenja ikonostasa u crkve. U Ohridu i Svetoj gori identifikovan je znatan broj uvezenih ikona. Ohridske ikone predstavljaju važne primjere u razvoju kasnobizantijskog ikonopisa, a odigrale su i važnu ulogu u kasnijem razvoju srpskog ikonopisa. U Ohridu postoje dvije važne ikone koje potječu s početka 14. vijeka, a koje predstavljaju znamenitosti u kasnobizantijskoj historiji umjetnosti. Na njima su prikazi Hrista i Bogorodice kao spasitelje duša. Ohridski nadbiskup Grgur II prebacio je ove ikone u katedralu u Ohridu.<ref name="AOBW"/> Ova dvostrana ikona lijep je primjer savremenih umjetničkih tendencija u bizantijskoj prijestolnici tokom kasnobizantijskog perioda. Na prednjoj strani ikone pojavljuje se polovina figure Bogorodice. Njeno svečano, savršeno očuvano lice izražava blagu strogost. Na rukama drži malog Hrista čija je glava prekrivena blijedocrvenkastim pramenovima. Biste arhanđela [[Mihael (arhanđel)|Mihaela]] i [[Gabriel]]a prikazane su u uglovima na vrhu ikone. Cijela pozadina i okvir prekriveni su složeno ukrašenom srebrnom oblogom, koja je sama po sebi remek-djelo. Zajedno s geometrijskim i cvjetnim ornamentima, poput stiliziranih rozeta, ikona je ukrašena reljefno dotjeranim likovima. Slika Bogorodice okružena je okvirom s grbom u sredini s bistom Hrista Pantokratora, okruženom simetrično raspoređenim poprsjima. Bogorodica nosi naziv Psychosostria, koja predstavlja varijaciju Bogorodice Hodegetrije (ona koja ukazuje na pravi put). Na poleđini je ikona sa prizorom [[Blagovijest]]i i smatra se jednim od najboljih ostvarenja bizantijskog ikonopisa paleološke renesanse (slika desno). Likovi arhanđela Gabriela i Bogorodice prikazani su vješto, a postavljeni su kao kipovi na postoljima u definiranom prostoru nasuprot oštroj arhitektonskoj pozadini.<ref name="BFP"/> Proporcije su prekrasno razrađene između veličanstvenih arhitektonskih obilježja u pozadini i figura ispred njih, a tu je i kontrapuntalni sklad između anđela koji se brzo približava, te spokojne i nepomične Bogorodice. Igra kontrasta postignuta je postavljanjem svijetle odjeće arhanđela naspram Bogorodičine gotovo u potpunosti tamne odjeće. Vizije su obavijene mehkom sjenom, koje jedva da najavljuju misteriju ispod zamišljenog zlatnog rajskog neba. Sve već navedeno, uz igru svjetla i sjene i blistavih boja različitih objekata učinila je ovu scenu dragocjenim izvorom nadahnuća za kasnije slikare unutar bizantijske sfere utjecaja.<ref name="AOBW"/> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija ikona"> Datoteka:Christ Psychosostis, Early XIV Century, St Mary Perivleptos Church, Ohrid Icon Gallery.jpg|Ikona Hrista, [[tempera]], platno na drvetu, u srebrnoj podlozi, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu, rani 14. vijek. Datoteka:Climent of Ohrid.jpg|Ikona svetog Klimenta, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu, 14. vijek. Datoteka:Harrowing of hell (Constantinople, 14th c.).jpg|Ikona Hristovog Uskrsnuća iz 14. vijeka, dimenzije 47,2 x 62 cm, nepoznati slikar iz Konstantinopolja. Datoteka:Ikonenkalender 1973-11.png|Apostol Matej, ikona iz 14. vijeka. Datoteka:Saints of Sinai.jpg|Sveti očevi, ikona iz manastira svete Katarine na Sinaju. Datoteka:Back side of a double-sided icon depicting the Crucifixion (14th cent.) at the Byzantine and Christian Museum on 12 April 2019.jpg|Hristovo Raspeće, pozadina dvostrane ikone iz 14. vijeka, Bizantijski i hrišćanski muzej u Atini. Datoteka:Saint Mary with Christ Icon from Annunciation Church in Thessaloniki, circa 1300.jpg|Bogorodica i Dijete, ikona iz 1300, crkva svetog Bogojavljenja u Solunu. Datoteka:Crucifixion, II Half of XIII Century, St Mary Perivleptos Church, Ohrid Icon Gallery.jpg|Hristovo Raspeće, ikona iz druge polovine 13. vijeka, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu. </gallery> === Iluminacija === [[Datoteka: Chrysobull of Alexius III of Trebizond.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Iluminirana Zlatna bula cara [[Aleksij III od Trapezunta|Aleksija III od Trapezunta]].]] Osvojivši Konstantinopolj 1261, Bizantinci su u grad vratili tradiciju proizvodnje ukrasnih rukopisa koja je bila ozbiljno narušena tokom latinske okupacije. Tokom vladavine dinastije Paleolog došlo je do početka izrade rukopisnih knjiga koje su parirale najboljim djelima iz prethodnih vijekova, a koje spadaju u najsjajnije izvedene primjere zanata rukopisne iluminacije dotad. Ovo umjetničko dostignuće potpuno zamagljuje hronično teško novčano stanje onih koji su naručili te radove. Uočljiva je i pojava napuštanja tradicionalne anonimnosti bizantijskih umjetnika usljed sve većeg broja potpisanih iluminiranih knjiga. Radovi se sve više izrađuju od papira, a proizvodnja [[pergament]]a prestaje. Od 14. vijeka pa nadalje znatno raste broj knjiga koje prepisuju laici i ilustruju umjetnici u odnosu na ranije, kada su to uglavnom radili sveštenici i monasi. Čak i u ovom posljednjem periodu bizantijske umjetnosti najvažnije mecene bili su članovi carske porodice, koji su, osim iluminiranih rukopisa, davali da se izrade i carski dokumenti ([[Zlatna bula|zlatne bule]]). Jedna od njih je Zlatna bula cara [[Andronik II Paleolog|Andronika II Paleologa]] iz 1301. godine (čuva se u Bizantijskom muzeju u [[Atina|Atini]]), dok je druga naručena od cara Aleksija III od Trapezunta i njegove supruge [[Teodora Kantakuzena|Teodore Kantakuzene]] 1374. godine (slika desno). Početkom vladavine dinastije Paleolog, carica Teodora, supruga cara Mihaela VIII Paleologa odigrala je važnu ulogu u naručivanju veċeg broja knjiga najvišeg kvaliteta. Iako samo jedna knjiga ima paleologinske monograme, čini se da ima prateći tom u Djelima apostolskim i Poslanici. Također, evanđelje i psaltir (koji se danas čuvaju u Nacionalnoj biblioteci u Parizu) očito su proizvodi istih majstora. Ovi radovi pokazuju karakterističan arhaizirajući rukopis, nastao iz takozvanog "Perlschrifta" iz druge polovine 11. vijeka. Ova vrsta iluminacije prepoznatljiva je po izvanredno jasnoj i elegantnoj ruci, koja se u to vrijeme koristila prilično često i veoma je različita od pomalo nevještih kurzivnih ruku nekih prepisivača klasičnih autora. Iluminacije u ovim knjigama su također elegantne i arhaične, odražavajući pažljivo proučavanje minijatura iz 10. i 11. vijeka. Carica Teodora je zaposlila iste iluminatore prilikom izrade tipikona grobne dinastičke crkve koju je restaurirala u manastiru Lips u Konstantinopolju, ali u ovom slučaju pisari su bili iz carske kancelarije. Carica Ana, udovica cara Andronika III naručila je izradu psaltira iz manastira Iveron, koji je uradio pisar Hariton 1346. u manastiru Hodegon. Pisari iz istog manastira uradili su visokokvalitetne knjige po narudžbi cara Ivana VI kao poklon manastiru Vatopedi na Svetoj gori, od kojih je sačuvano 26. Kopiji spisa prvog [[Atina|atinskog]] nadbiskupa iz 1. vijeka, [[Dionisije Aeropagit|Dionisija Aeropagita]], koju je izradio carski bilježnik Mihail Klostomalles 1380-ih, dodana su poglavlja za cara [[Manuel II Paleolog|Manuela II Paleologa]], a koju je njegov legat Manuel Chrysoloras poklonio opatiji Saint Denis kraj [[Pariz]]a 1408. Da bi bio dostojan carski poklon, rukopisu su dodana poglavlja sa autorovim portretom sveca i slikom carske porodice. Rukopis je važan po portretima cara Manuela II. Ostale vrste pokroviteljstva ukazuju na obrazac veoma promjenljivih troškova prilikom iluminacije rukopisa, na koji ukazuje kvalitet materijala i njegove izrade. Ponekad su donatori predstavljeni prema tradicionalnoj formuli. Jedan primjer za to je ogroman tom [[Hipokratov korpus|Hipokratovog korpusa]], zbirka od približno 60 starogrčkih spisa o [[Medicina|medicini]], koje je napisao [[Hipokrat]]. Ima uvodne dvije stranice u kojima se prilikom otvaranja otkriva portret pokrovitelja Aleksija Apokauka, službenika cara Ivana V, koji predstavlja djelo Hipokratu, koji je prikazan na stranici okrenutoj prema njemu. Obje slike pomalo sliče tradicionalnim portretima evangelista. Zanimljivost je u tome da je tekst u knjizi pisan na italijanskom [[papir]]u sa vodenim žigom, dok je slika na dvostrukoj stranici naslikana na [[pergament]]u. Iako je većina iluminiranih rukopisa iz ovog perioda urađena u Konstantinopolju, ipak je dobar dio njih urađen u Solunu, Atini i Mistri na Peloponezu. Većina iluminiranih knjiga za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog proizvedena je vjerovatno naprečac (ad hoc) od strane pojedinaca, u saradnji ili samostalno, eventualno monaha, sveštenika ili laika. Umjetnici koji su slikali slike za umetanje u takve knjige povremeno su bili i pisari, a radili su kao ikonopisci, te sezonski, kao i slikari, kao što je u pisanim izvorima naveden primjer [[Teofan Grk|Teofana Grka]], [[mural]] i ikonopisac aktivan u to vrijeme u Rusiji. Čest rezultat tradicije rada na visoko uglačanim površinama od veluma bilo je djelomično ljuštenje slika. Ovo propadanje je počelo već u bizantijsko doba. Zbog toga su pripadnici carske dinastije Paleolog s vremena na vrijeme naručivali restauriranje starih knjiga, kao naprimjer, prvih osam knjiga [[Biblija|Biblije]] ("Octateuch"), koje se danas čuvaju u [[Vatikanska biblioteka|Vatikanskoj biblioteci]]. Nakon 1261. bizantijski iluminatori usredsredili su se na evanđelje prema zahtjevima mecena koji su naručivali puni tekst knjiga evanđelja, obilježena i indeksirana za liturgijska čitanja. Nekoliko iluminiranih knjiga evanđelja koje imaju opsežne narativne cikluse privuklo je veliku pažnju historičara umjetnosti. Razlog tome je mogućnost da su tokom posljednjih nekoliko decenija 13. vijeka [[Firenca|firentinski]] i [[Siena|sienski]] umjetnici konsultovati knjige poput ovih za njihovu ikonografiju bizantijskog evanđelja i glatko izvedenog stila draperije i slikanja dijelova golog tijela. Osim evanđelja, rađene su nove verzije već postojećih rukopisa. Ova kombinacija koegzistiranja tradicije i inovacije određena je pravoslavnim stavom o religioznim slikama: upotreba slika je bila opravdana autoritetom tradicije koja potječe iz apostolskih vremena, ali je novotarija sama po sebi (grčki: "kainotomija") osuđena kao heretička. Ovo se odnosi i na većinu bizantijske umjetnosti koja je rađena prema vrlo zahtjevnim parametrima.<ref name="BFP"/> Paleološki iluminatori, poput monumentalnih slikara, stvarali su dramatična i emocionalna djela koja nude stepen naturalizma nepoznat u ranijoj bizantijskoj umjetnosti. Time su postavili temelje za kasnije slikarstvo u Grčkoj, na Balkanu i u Rusiji.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/illuminatedmanuscripts|title= ''Byzantine Art and Architecture''|work= libguides.ku.edu.tr|access-date= 4. 1. 2022}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija iluminacije"> Datoteka::John VI Kantakouzenos.jpg|Ivan VI Kantakuzen na saboru u Carigradu 1351. Datoteka:Crossing_of_the_Red_Sea_by_the_Jews,_Byzantine_illuminated_manuscript.jpg|Prelazak Jevreja preko Crvenog mora, bizantijski rukopis iz 13. vijeka, Nacionalna biblioteka Rusije Datoteka:Denis l'Aréopagite - Louvre MR416.jpg|Portret Dionizija Areopagita iz iluminirane knjige, početak 15. vijeka Datoteka:Manuel II Paleologus.jpg|Manuel II. Paleolog, bizantijski car od 1391. do smrti 1425. Datoteka:MichaelOfTverRGB173Fol17v.jpg|Iluminacija iz hronike Georgija Hamartola, 13 - 14. vijek, [[Nacionalna biblioteka Rusije]] Datoteka:Bodleian_Library_MS._Gr._th._f._1_3v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 1v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 4v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 54v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 2v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Alexander poisoned Hellenic Institute codex 5.JPG|Priča o Aleksandru Velikom, bizantijska iluminacija iz 14. vijeka, (''Kodeks Helenskog instituta 5. tom str. 193'') Datoteka:Jews Byzantine Greek Alexander Manuscript (cropped).JPG|Priča o Aleksandru Velikom, bizantijska iluminacija iz 14. vijeka, (''Kodeks Helenskog instituta 5. tom str. 193'') Datoteka:Manuel II Helena sons.JPG|Car Manuel II i carica Helena sa sinovima, iluminacija iz knjige, [[tempera]] na [[pergament]]u </gallery> == Skulptura == [[Datoteka:0129 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Gothic arcosolium - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 2009.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Dijelovi [[arkosolijum]]a (niše iznad grobnica u kojima je sahranjena važna ličnost). Oni su bili izloženi u zidovima katakombi. [36]urađeni u [[Gotika|gotskom]] stilu tokom latinske vladavine u 13. vijeku, Bizantijski muzej u Atini.]] U kasnobizantijskom razdoblju, kao i u ranijim godinama carstva, središnja briga vjernika bilo je sjećanje na mrtve. Iako su tradicije obilježavanja sjeċanja na mrtve bile stare, njihov utjecaj na crkvenu umjetnost dramatično se povećao u posljednjim vijekovima postojanja carstva. Sve više su unutrašnjost crkvi, a često i njihov vanjski dio, bile predmet izgradnje grobnih spomenika. Usljed sve te ekonomske situacije uzrokovane gubitkom teritorija koje su zauzele krstaška i turska vojska kao i smanjenje broja bogatih donatora u katedralama i manastirima u gradovima i izvan gradova, došlo je do problema sa ispunjavanjem njihovih fiskalnih obaveza sa sve manjim prihodima. Zbog toga su donatori morali uložiti novac, kao i imovinu u zamjenu za pravo na takve obrede kao što je sahrana u crkvi ili izgradnja ukrasne grobnice. Oblik većine kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga znatno odstupa od tradicionalne, monolitne vrste kovčega s čvrstim kamenim tijelom i odvojenim poklopcem. Najčešća vrsta sarkofaga od 13. do 15. vijeka sastoji se od zasebnih kamenih ploča, od kojih su neke uzete sa ranijih spomenika i isklesane, a neke tek izvađene. Ikonografija kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga pokriva širok raspon motiva. Dekorativni elementi isklesani na zidovima i poklopcima kovčega, zajedno s pogrebnim natpisima, obuhvataju krstove, cvjetne i geometrijske oblike, poput isprepletenih medaljona, vinove loze i drveća. Tu su takoder i prikazi životinja, među kojima su mitski grifoni, lavovi i ptice (zajedno sa jednoglavim i dvoglavim orlovima), prikazani u scenama borbi ili kako stoje u profilu. Pored ovih tradicionalnih tema pojavljuje se i nova tema: ljudska figura, koja se na sarkofazima nije vidjela od ranobizantijskog razdoblja. Predstave ljudi, njihovi portreti pokojnika i svetaca, te Hrista i Bogorodice, ponovno se pojavljuju tokom tog razdoblja u nizu vrsta skulptura, posebno onih povezanih s grobnicom. Istaknutost ljudskog lika u bizantijskoj skulpturi između 13. i 15. vijeka ukazuju na trajno interesovanje bizantijskih skulptora za drevne oblike i stilove, nadahnute grčko-rimskim skulpturama sačuvanim na bizantijskim teritorijama. [[Datoteka:San Marco Venezia portale nord con Nativitá.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|[[Zabat]] na sjevernoj kapiji sa scenom [[Rođenje Isusa|Rođenja Isusa]], bazilika svetog Marka u Veneciji.]] Poznati njemački historičar umjetnosti [[Hans Belting]] sugerirao je da su bizantijski vajari koji su nakon 1261. i ponovnog osvajanja Konstantinopolja učestvovali u obnovi i restauraciji mnogih ranijih crkava i spomenika u tom gradu, crpili inspiraciju iz klasicističkih, figuralnih skulptura iz prvog zlatnog doba Bizantije. Najbolji primjer je izrezbareno postolje napravljeno približno 390. za cara [[Teodozije I Veliki|Teodozija I]] da ukrasi [[Teodozijev obelisk|obelisk]] faraona [[Tutmose III|Tutmosija III]] dovezen iz Egipta u Carigrad, gdje je još izložen na mjestu nekadašnjeg hipodroma. Treći utjecaj došao je iz [[Romanika|romaničke]] i [[Gotika|gotske]] skulptorske tradicije, novi stilovi koji su se razvili na latinskom Zapadu, a koje su donijeli krstaši na područja oko istočnog Mediterana tokom 11, 12. i 13. vijeka. Stoga se može reći da su uporište u dugogodišnjoj umjetničkoj tradiciji carstva, i kontakt s umjetničkim razvojem [[Zapadna Evropa|zapadne Evrope]] doprinijeli oživljavanju figuralnih slika u kasnobizantijskoj skulpturi, posebno kod pogrebnih spomenika. Važni primjeri kasnobizantijske figuralne skulpture sarkofaga sačuvani su u Carigradu, [[Ber]]i i [[Arta|arti]] u Grčkoj. Većinom su to horizontalne ploče koje su činile prednji dio sarkofaga. Na čeonom sarkofagu iz Carigrada predstavljena su dva anđela koji drže središnjji vijenac koji okružuje božićnu dekoraciju, a donji dio dekoracije je osnova ukrasno rezbarenim krstovima i svicima. Anđeli su uobičajena tema u kasnom bizantijskoj skulpturi. Ovo rezbarenje s izuzetnim uspjehom oponaša [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompoziciju]] i stil rezbarenja sarkofaga iz 4. vijeka, potvrđujući da su ranobizantijski modeli mogli poslužiti kao važni izvori kasnobizantijskim kiparima. Pripovijedani prizori povezani s Hristovom smrću i spasenjem bili su daljnji izvor nadahnuća za rezbare kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga. Ulomci koji su sačuvani u Beri izvorno su sačinjavali piramidalni poklopac sarkofaga sa prikazom scene Hristovog Uskrsnuca (Anastasis). Fragmentarni [[Reljef (skulptura)|reljefi]] pronađeni u [[Studijski manastir|Studijskom manastiru]] prikazuju Bogorodičino jadikovanje nad mrtvim tijelom Hristovim dok leži prije sahrane, što je tema nadahnuta [[Evanđelje|evanđeljima]]. Ova kao i druge teme iz evanđelja obilježene na sarkofazima, često su prikazivane na freskama i mozaicima koje okružuju kasnobizantske grobnice, tako da zidne slike ojačavaju i preslikavaju slike koje ukrašavaju sarkofage. [[Datoteka: 2098 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Latin marble arch, 13th cent. - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 20.jpg|thumb|250px|desno| Mramorni luk iz 13. vijeka sa figurama i natpisima na grčkom jeziku urađenim tokom latinske okupacije.]] Portret pokojnika bila je još jedna tema koja se koristila prilikom ukrašavanja sarkofaga. Fragmentarna ploča iz [[Manastir Lips (Carigrad)|manastira Lips]] u Carigradu čuva ostatke pogrebnog portreta Marije Paleologine. Jedino je sačuvan lik Marije vidljiv od struka prema dolje, gdje ona nosi monaški plašt preko dugačke tunike. Uvjerljiva rekonstrukcija cijele ploče koju je uradio Titos Papamastorakes ima središnji natpis s lijeva od Marije Paleologine. Sastavljena u pjesničkom metru i fino izrezbarena paleološkim pismom, na sarkofagu je molitveni natpis. Takvi su natpisi, koji svjedoče o svjetovnim i duhovnim dostignućima pokojnika, i moleći se u njegovo ili njeno ime, bili važan dio ukrasnog programa i često su se pojavljivali na sarkofazima ili skulpturama koje uokviruju grobnicu. U [[Arta, (Grčka)|Arti]], nekadašnjem sjedištu [[Epirska Despotovina|Epirske Despotovine]], jedini je sačuvani sarkofag iz kasnobizantijskog razdoblja s portretima bizantijske vladarske porodice, despotice Teodore supruge despota [[Mihael II Komnen Duka|Mihaela II Komnena Duke]] i dječaka Nikefora, vjerovatno njenog sina. Oboje su odjeveni u tradicionalnu carsku odjeću, s krunama urađenim u bizantijskom stilu, dugim [[tunika]]ma, [[kaftan]]ima i [[loros]]ima ukrašenim draguljima, pri čemu oboje drže carska žezla. Pored njih su, s obje strane, portretne biste anđela, koji također nose carska žezla. Dok je isklesani sarkofag mogao biti izložen neovisno o ravnom zidu crkve, u najsloženijim kasnobizantijskim grobnicama služio je kao središte mnogo većeg ukrasnog programa. U takvim pogrebnim cjelinama kiparski reljefi uokviruju trodimenzionalni prostor zaobljene niše (arkosolij), koji sadrži sarkofag. Arkosoliji se mogu pronaći u crkvama na cijelom području kasnobizantijske utjecajne sfere. Skulptura je bila najvažniji pojedinačni element koji je izdvajao arkosolijum iz njegovog okruženja, te osiguravao organizirani vizuelni fokus unutar arhitektonski složene i bogato oslikane kasnobizantijske crkve. Nasuprot glatkom zidu crkve prekrivenom šarenom freskom ili mozaikom, trodimenzionalne reljefne skulpture pružile su važnu vizuelnu pauzu. [[Datoteka:Kariye Muzesi (2681430083).jpg|thumb|350px|lijevo|Bogato izrezbareni [[Luk (arhitektura)|luk]] iznad jedne od pogrebnih niša u manastiru Hora.]] Dvije najupečatljivije rezbarene fasade kasnobizantijskog razdoblja još uokviruju grobne niše iz ranog 14. vijeka koje su dizajnirane u južnoj pogrebnoj kapeli [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]]. Jedan od ovih lijepo i gusto izrezbarenih mramornih ukrasa na sjevernom zidu ukrašava nišnu grobnicu [[Teodor Metohit|Teodora Metohita]], dok arkosolij na suprotnom zidu odaje počast visokom carskom dostojanstveniku Mihaelu Tornikesu, političkom savezniku Metohita. Tornikesova grobnica je jedini arkosolij na kojem je sačuvan izvorni pogrebni epigram, koji je historičar umjetnosti [[Ihor Ševčenko]] pripisao poznatom bizantijskom dvorskom pjesniku [[Manuel Fil|Manuelu Filu]] (1275–1335). Fasadni dizajn dvije niše je sličan. U svakoj od njih je središnji portret Hrista, koji blagosilja desnom rukom i sa svitkom u lijevoj ruci, a okružen je bistama [[Mihael (arhanđeo)|arhanđela Mihaela]] i [[Gabriel]]a u trouglastim prostorima ([[spandrel]]ima), koji su između vrha [[Luk (arhitektura)|luka]] i pravougaonog okvira. Bujne vinove loze koje izviru iz [[Rog izobilja|simbola izobilja]] okružuju ove figure. Kao i u mnogim takvim grobovima, Hristov lik često se koristi na izvajanoj fasadi, na sarkofagu i naslikan je na stražnjem zidu niše, naglašavajući različite aspekte Hrista, a posebno njegovu ulogu sudije i spasitelja čovječanstva. Ove dvije fasade grobnica također su karakteristične po tragovima polihromiranih [[Pigment (materijal)|pigmenata]] koje čuvaju. Na temelju njih i mnogih drugih kasnobizantijskih umjetničkih djela, može se zaključiti da je bojenje, pa čak i pozlata mramornih rezbarija bila raširena praksa u to vrijeme. Ova praksa objedinjavanja upotrebe boje i pozlate uočljiva je i u srednjem bizantijskom periodu. Stilske karakteristike kasnobizantijske skulpture, reljefne skulpture, kreću se u rasponu od vrlo plitkih do izuzetno visokih. Razne vrste apstrakcija i naturalizma koegzistiraju, iako ukupne [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicije]] životinjskih, cvjetnih, biljnih i geometrijskih motiva odlikuju veća zamršenost i osjećaj uzorka u cjelokupnoj kompoziciji, dok detalji u skulpturama mogu prilično težiti ka naturalizmu. Reljefi koji predstavljaju ljudski lik obično nalikuju paralelnim slikama u monumentalnom i minijaturnom slikarstvu. U poređenju sa srednjobizantijskim skulpturama postoji i snažan impuls ka naturalističkom, trodimenzionalnom prikazivanju ljudskog tijela. Konstantinopoljska figuralna skulptura iz 13. i 14. vijeka teži elementima apstrakcije: izdužena lica, okrugle, pune obrve naglašenih očiju i teški kapci. Tako se zajednički umjetnički ukus često pojavljuje u skulpturalnoj i slikarskoj umjetnosti u Konstantinopolju kao i mnogim područjima kasnobizantijske sfere utjecaja. U vremenu između oslobođenja Konstantinopolja od latinske okupacije 1261. do njegovog ponovnog pada u ruke [[Osmanlijsko Carstvo|Osmanlija]] 1453. izrada netradicionalnih oblika skulpture počela je oživljavati. Tokom paleološke renesanse, umjetnost izrade umjetničkih djela od [[Slonovača|slonovače]] koja je bila tipična za [[Makedonska umjetnost (bizantijska)|makedonsko]] i [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|komnensko doba]] doživjela je veliki pad zbog nedovoljnog uvoza bjelokosti iz [[Afrika|Afrike]] i [[Azija|Azije]]. Nastavljeno je sa izradom malih gravura na nakitu - privjesci, relikvijari ([[Enkolpija|enkolpije]]) i kameje, koje su bile ukrašene raznim motivima, najčešće hrišćanskim simbolima (anđeli, sveci, krstovi).<ref name="BFP"/> == Primijenjena umjetnost == === Okviri za ikone urađeni od plemenitih metala === [[Datoteka: Panagia Paramythia Icon from Vatopedi Monastery 14th Century.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Ikona Bogorodice Paramythia sa okvirom ukrašenim srebrom i zlatnim medaljonima, 14. vijek, manastir Vatopedi, Sveta gora.]] Bizantijski običaj da se ikona slikana na kanvasu ili jedan njen dio prekrije ukrasom od plemenitog metala, oplemenjenog [[emajl]]om, biserima ili dragim kamenjem, doživio je veliki procvat pod dinastijom Paleologa počevsi od 13. vijeka. Ova vrsta umjetnosti širila se izvan sve manjih granica bizantijske države na cijeli pravoslavni svijet. Sudeći prema sačuvanim primjercima, ikone sa zlatnim i srebrnim ukrasnim okvirima svjedočanstvo su bizantijske pobožnosti, koja je nadahnula vješte zlatare, a pritom je preusmjerila važan dio raspoloživog bogatstva carstva. U vrijeme sve većih ekonomskih poteškoća i opadanja carstva, klima nije bila pogodna za izradu luksuznih predmeta. Međutim, zlatni i srebrni ukrasni okviri za ikone pružaju bizantijskoj umjetnosti neka od njenih zadnjih remek-djela. Interesovanje za ikone ukrašene plemenitim metalima postojao je širom carstva, kao i na [[Balkan]]u, što je dovelo do velikog broja ovako izradenih ikona. U tom razvoju ulogu je vjerovatno odigrao ukus za reljefnu skulpturu, karakterističnu za kasnobizantijsku renesansu, kao i vjerovatno korištenje finih metalnih listova ili tankih [[filgran]]a koji su bili relativno jeftiniji. Interes za plemenite metale postojao je širom [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]], kao i na Balkanu. Izuzetni primjeri mogu se vidjeti u manastirima na Svetoj gori, ohridskim ikonama koje su sada ponovo objedinjene u Muzeju umjetnosti Makedonije u Skoplju i ikonama sačuvanim u [[Bugarska|Bugarskoj]], posebno u [[Manastir Rožen|manastirima Rožen]] i [[Manastir Bačkovo|Bačkovo]]. Sudeći prema materijalu u arhivima manastira na Svetoj gori, ukrasi za ikone od plemenitih metala bili su među omiljenim oblicima doniranja tokom 14. vijeka. Posljednja oporuka bizantijskog dvorskog zvaničnika ([[skouterios]]a) Teodora Sarantenosa iz 1325. u Beri, u kojoj je naveden podatak o poklonjenim ikonama sa ukrasima od plemenitih metala manastiru Vatoped. Slično tome, arhivski zapisi o prijenosu ikona u [[Velika Lavra|Veliku Lavru]] 1375. iz crkve Bogorodice Gavaliotise u [[Edesa (Grčka)|Edesi]] u [[Epir]]u, koju je između 1360. i 1367. osnovao despot Toma Preljubović, pokazuju da su sve ikone osim jedne, on, njegova supruga i drugi pojedinci koji su poklanjali crkvi imali ukrasne oplate od plemenitih metala. Konvenciju dodavanja oplate od plemenitih metala na ikone nije prekinulo ekonomsko opadanje carstva ni turska balkanska osvajanja, nego je čak doživjela procvat krajem 16. vijeka. Ponuditi ikone sa ukrasnom oplatom od plemenitih metala je prije svega jednako izvođenju čina pobožnosti, a ta tradicija se još održava. Sačuvan je veliki broj ovakvih ikona u manastirima na Svetoj gori, [[Meteora|Meteori]], te crkvama u mnogim dijelovima Balkana i Grčke. Čak su i predmeti namijenjeni privatnoj pobožnosti bili ukrašeni zlatom i srebrom, dragim kamenjem, biserima, kao u slučaju dvije male ikone Bogorodice Chalkoprateia,koje se danas čuvaju u riznici [[Bazilika svetog Marka|bazilike svetog Marka]] u [[Venecija|Veneciji]]. Upotreba plemenitih metala materijalizuje kratku molitvu, jer proizilazi iz pojedinačnih ili kolektivnih molitvenih natpisa koje mnoge ukrasne oplate na ikonama sadrže. Nije neobično pronaći slike mecena u molitvenoj pozi na dnu okvira ikone. Na gornjem dijelu okvira često su prikazi scene [[Deisis]]a (izraz univerzalne molitve) ili simbol predstojećeg [[Sudnji dan (islam)|Sudnjeg dana]] (grčki: hetoimasija), uz koje se vezuje promjenjiv broj svetaca prikazanih na okviru ikone. [[Datoteka: Holy Face - Genoa.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Ikona Svetog Lica ([[mandilion]]) iz Edesse, tempera na panelu sa posrebrenom ukrasnom oplatom, druga polovina 14. vijeka, crkva svetog Bartolomeja Armenca u Genovi, Italija.]] Ponekad su Veliki praznici predstavljeni na malim ukrasnim pločama oko središnje slike, i sa porukom spasenja kroz božansko posredovanje. Na nekim ikonama uočljivo je kombiniranje tema na istom okviru. Ova ikonografija nije bila nova, a scena Deisisa se već pojavljivala na okviru ikone svetog Ivana Bogoslova na ostrvu [[Patmos]]. Na ukrasnim oplatama oko lika Bogorodice povremeno su scene iz njenog života. Cvjetni motivi urađeni su u ''[[repoussé]]'' tehnici u emajlu ili finom filigranu, koji daje živost kod uljepšavanja pozadine i okvira ikone ili je njihov jedini ukras. Ovi ukrasi podsjećaju na raskoš rajskih vrtova opisanih u [[Poezija|poeziji]] bizantijskog pjesnika iz 14. vijeka Manuela Philesa u kojoj se opisuju ikone sa ukrasima od plemenitih metala, dragulja i drugih ukrasnih materijala. Ovakva dekoracija nastala je iz duge tradicije u bizantijskoj umjetnosti, a jedan od dobrih primjera iz ovog perioda je okvir na naslikanoj ikoni Svetog Lica u crkvi svetog Bartolomeja Armenca u [[Genova|Genovi]] (slika lijevo). Ova naslikana ikona Svetog Lica ([[mandilion]]) iz Edesse okružena je sa deset malih ploča koje oslikavaju historiju relikvije i vjerniku daju osjećaj njene autentičnosti. Tačan datum izrade određen je za veoma mali broj ukrasnih okvira za ikone, a istovremeno ih je veoma teško klasificirati. Interes za ukrasne okvire od plemenitih metala nakon 1204. također je vidljiv na grčkoj teritoriji pod latinskom okupacijom, na ostrvima kao što su Kipar, Krit i Rodos, gdje se bizantijsko naslijeđe susrelo s drugim utjecajima. Na Kipru su ikone sa okvirima od plemenitih metala radene jos od 12. vijeka. Pritom su stvarani niskoreljefni radovi uz upotrebu [[gesso]] (mješavina bijele boje koja se sastoji od veziva pomiješanog s kredom, gipsom, pigmentom ili bilo kojom njihovom kombinacijom) imitacija pozadine i oreola na ikonama koje su nastale tamo. Na nekim ikonama iz 14. vijeka sa područja Jadrana i sjeverne Grčke korišten je isti niskoreljefni gesso ukras. Ova tehnika ukrašavanja ikona koja je pronađena u 13. vijeku, a njena upotreba seže čak do [[Sveta zemlja|Svete zemlje]] i planine [[Sinaj]]. U to vrijeme gesso tehnika ukrašavanja ikona koristila se i u italijanskim djelima, što ukazuje na recipročne razmjene između italijanske i bizantijske umjetnosti u ovim područjima od 13. vijeka pa nadalje. Širenje umjetnosti ukrašavanja ikona sa okvirima od plemenitih metala zahvatilo je cijeli pravoslavni svijet, među kojima i područja [[Kavkaz]]a i [[Rusija|Rusije]]. Ova vrsta bizantijske umjetnosti bila je zastupljena i na Zapadu, gdje će u 17. vijeku doći do ponovnog oživljavanja interesa za bizantijske ikone tokom katoličke [[Protivreformacija|protivreformacije]] i potrage za najautentičnijim religijskim slikama te interesom za istočnu hrišćansku tradiciju.<ref name="BFP"/> === Liturgijski pribor === Zahtjevi [[Bogoslužje|liturgije]] nisu se znatno promijenili u kasnobizantijskom periodu, pa su sveti predmeti zadržali osnovne oblike koje zahtijeva liturgijska praksa, simbolički i ideološki sadržaj božanske [[Euharistija|euharistije]]. Za razliku od srednjeg bizantijskog perioda, primjeri dragocjenog crkvenog [[Srebro|srebrnog]] pribora iz kasnog razdoblja ograničeni su količinski. Nedostatak srebrnih i [[Zlato|zlatnih]] predmeta, vjerskih i svjetovnih, može se pripisati nedostatku sirovina u to vrijeme, drugi razlozi su: srebro nije kovano u kasnobizantijskom carstvu, stalne ekonomske i političke krize, posljedica građanskih ratova, smanjenja carstva i osmanlijska osvajanja. Carske kovanice mogu se smatrati pravim ogledalom tog vremena: obezvrijeđene, bez umjetničkih vrijednosti i izrađene od [[legura]] sa niskim sadržajem plemenitih metala. Zbog ovog nedostatka plemenitih metala mnogi dragocjeni predmeti su istopljeni i reciklirani kako bi se zadovoljili zahtjevi države za novcem. U historijskim izvorima navodi se da su [[Aristokratija|aristokrati]] iz kasnobizantijskog društva nagomilali svoje bogatstvo u vidu zlatnih i srebrnih predmeta te su obdarili monaške i crkvene fondacije skupocjenim liturgijskim posudama. Najpoznatiji mecena bio je [[Ivan VI Kantakuzen]], koji je posjedovao velike kolicine zlata i srebre. Gubitak najvećeg broja kasnobizantijskih liturgijskih pomagala, djelomično je nadoknađen slikanim prikazima liturgijskih obreda u svetištu i na [[kupola]]ma crkava, koje su u ovom razdoblju obilovale liturgijskim temama. Kasnobizantijski liturgijski predmeti uglavnom su u manastirskim riznicama, a sačuvani primjeri spadaju u dvije glavne kategorije: one koji zadržavaju i razvijaju srednjobizantijske oblike i one sa očiglednim zapadnjačkim izgledom. Iz druge grupe izdvaja se jedina grupa sačuvanog liturgijskog posuđa ([[Latinski jezik|latinski]]: [[vasa sacra]]) sa [[kalež]]ima despota Moreje [[Manuel Kantakuzen|Manuela Kantakuzena]], te srpskog despota [[Janjina (Grčka)|Janjine]] [[Toma Preljubović|Tome Preljubovića]]. Ovi dragocjeni liturgijski predmeti čuvaju se danas u manastirima [[Vatopedi]] i [[Manastir Velika Lavra|Velika Lavra]] na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]]. U manastiru Vatopedi danas se čuva i ispisani asterisk na čijem je vrhu golub. Zajedno s asteriskom iz [[Sionsko blago|Sionskog blaga]], koji potječe iz 6. vijeka, jedini su sačuvani primjeri iz bizantijskih vremena. Prisustvo umjetničkih predmeta urađenih u zapadnom stilu u kasnobizantijskom društvu posvjedočeno je i u pisanim izvorima i zidnim slikama. Tipični gotički oblici pojavljuju se u slikarstvu prije sredine 14. vijeka na predmetima poput kadionica s malim gotičkim tornjevima i nožnih ovalnih posuda s ukrasnim krugovima u dnu. Inventar iz 1396. u katedrali [[Aja Sofija]] u Konstantinopolju registruje četiri para svijećnjaka (kandelabra), od kojih je jedan venecijanski, izrađen od srebrne pozlate. Zapadni oblici na izrađenim predmetima i gotička praksa pričvršćivanja na glavnu osnovu zasebnog diska (poznatog kao pinta) koji je često bio [[emajl]]iran i ukrašen prikazima stvarnih i fantastičnih životinja. Direktno prisvajanje i usvajanje italijanskih umjetničkih oblika bilo je za očekivati ​​samo u drugoj polovini 14. vijeka, u periodu kada je i u drugim oblastima (poput privrede) Bizant služio kao zaleđe za italijansko tržište i kao potrošač zapadnih, a posebno venecijanskih proizvoda. Venecija je u to vrijeme pretekla Carigrad u izvozu prestižnih luksuznih predmeta kao i u umjetničkim inovacijama. Dominacija italijanskih modela bio je proces u kojem je važnu ulogu igrala mreža italijanskih kolonija i trgovaca. Liturgijski predmeti su uvezeni za upotrebu u latinskim crkvama, a izrađivali su se i u srebrnarskim radionicama venecijanskih kolonija, poput onih koje su postojale u Konstantinopolju, a posvjedočene su u Skutarima (današnji [[Üsküdar]] u [[Istanbul]]u), Raguzi ([[Dubrovačka Republika]]), i Candii ([[Heraklion]]), rodnom gradu kretskih zlatara koji su zabilježeni u dubrovačkoj arhivi iz 1360-ih. Ti bogoslužbeni predmeti nisu samo primjeri luksuznih trgovačkih proizvoda koji su kružili područjem istočnog Mediterana, nego su i indikativni primjeri ukusa i orijentacije vladajuće klase u bizantijskom društvu. To je imalo za posljedicu prevazilaženje konvencionalnih granica historijskih epoha, kao u slučaju nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja, pri čemu je kod crkvenog srebra uočljivo prisvajanje zapadnih stilova izrade i paralelno pridržavanje bizantijske ili bizantinirane ikonografije. Drugi sačuvani primjeri kasnobizantijskih liturgijskih predmeta su korice [[Evanđelje|evanđelja]], procesijski krstovi, ripidije ili flabele, naprave za rasvjetu i [[Kadionica|kadionice]]. Jak zapadni utjecaj prilikom izrade ovhm predmeta, ili izostaje ili je asimiliran u bizantijsku tradiciju, što je vidljivo u njihovoj ikonografiji i obliku. Posrebrene korice lekcionara evanđelja spadaju u posebnu kategoriju medu liturgijskim predmetima. Posrebrene korice evanđelja izrađuju se iz jednog komada metala ili se sastoje od metalnih okvira različitih oblika čija je terminologija poznata iz srednjobizantijskih manastirskih inventara. Okviri su bili prikovani za kožni ili platneni povez, kao u slučaju crvenog i zlatnog tkanog tekstila na evanđelju koje je [[Marija Paleologina Kantakuzena|Marija Komnen Paleologina]] predstavila Bogorodici iz [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]] opisanog u pjesmi pripisanoj bizantijskom pjesniku [[Manuel Files|Manuelu Filesu]]. Gamata ili gamatia (ugaoni dijelovi u obliku grčkog slova gama) bili su omiljeni oblik ukrašavanja za četvorougaone površine, dok su mali kružni pričvršćivaći (boulai i amigdalije) imali praktičnu upotrebu u zaštiti kožnih poveza budući da su knjige bile odlagane vodoravno na policama. Ikonografija korica knjige usko je povezana s ikonografijom ilustracija na početku teksta iz knjige, slijedeći tradiciju započetu u [[Kasna antika|kasnoj antici]]. Medutim, kasnobizantijske ukrasne korice urađene iz jednog dijela upečatljivo podsjećaju na prijenosne ikone, na čijim se srebrnim oblogama medaljoni s poprsjima svetaca i/ili plakete sa scenama iz [[Dvanaest velikih praznika]] (''dodekaortona''), raspoređenih u hijerarhijskom redu vezanom za ikonografiju svetišta i crkvenih prostora koja ih okružuju. Pomak ka modelu preuzetom od zidnog slikarstva pratio je opadanje rukopisnih minijatura od 12. vijeka nadalje i rast važnosti slikarstva u formuliranju liturgijskih tema, koje su se sa sve većim naglaskom upotrebljavale za ukrašavanje crkava. Tipični srednjobizantijski procesijski krstovi s metalnom jezgrom i trapezoidnim krakovima koji se završavaju prepoznatljivom ornamentacijom sačuvani su u [[Gruzija|Gruziji]], [[Anadolija|Maloj Aziji]] i egejskim ostrvima sve do 17. vijeka. Potonji su grubo pečatirani i jasno predstavljaju kraj jedne umjetničke tradicije. Najraniji poznati procesijski krstovi u italijanskom stilu potječu iz 15. i 16. vijeka i imaju krakove koji se završavaju sa tri ili četiri režnja i drvenim umjesto metalnim jezgrom. U kasnobizantijskom zidnom slikarstvu preovlađuju krstovi [[Golgota|golgotskog]] tipa sa dva ili tri vodoravna kraka. Gornji krak predstavlja produžetak titulusa (natpisa pribijenog iznad Hristove glave), dok je u ovom kasnijem periodu treći krak sve više ispod, postavljen ravno ili ukošen, što vuče korijene iz oslonca za noge. Ovakva vrsta krstova može se vidjeti u manastirima Vatoped, Protaton i Dionizije na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]] kao i Lefkara na [[Kipar|Kipru]]. Medutim, nisu se koristili za vjerske procesije nego su postavljani na oltar i proskinetarion, stalak ugrađen u hram. [[Ripidija|Ripidije]] su liturgijske lepeze sa simboličnim prikazima četvorolikih [[heruvim]]a koji lete oko Božijeg prijestolja, a mogu se vidjeti na zidnom slikarstvu iz ovog kasnog bizantijskog perioda. Drugi liturgijski pribor neophodan za bogosluženje u bizantijskim crkvama bile su kadionice i naprave za rasvjetu, koje su sačuvane iz kasnobizantijskog perioda u obliku predmeta urađenih od [[legura]] [[Bakar|bakra]]. Najčešće vrste su livene katzije (uspravne kadionice) sa drškom ukrašenom ponavljajućim prikazima stilizovanih lisnatih motiva, te pticama ili životinjama. Poznati su na osnovu nekoliko primjera, jednog otkopanog iz grobnice u Mistri i drugi na [[Kosovo|Kosovu]], kao i drugi koji se danas čuvaju u muzejima i manastirskim riznicama. Tehnika livenja metala i ukrasni prikazi životinja i ptica povezuju ove katzije sa bizantijskim sredstvima za rasvjetu kao što su lusteri, te kandilo u [[Manastir Visoki Dečani|manastiru Visoki Dečani]] i polikandela (viseći držač za uljanice) u Muzeju Metsovo u sjevernoj Grčkoj.<ref name="BFP"/> === Liturgijski i sekularni tekstil === [[Datoteka:Altar Cloth or Podea MET DP121990.jpg|thumb|300px|desno|Oltarsko platno urađeno od vezene svile, kasni 14. vijek, [[Metropolitan (muzej)|Metropolitan muzej]].]] Konstantinopolj, koji je bio na raskršću puteva između [[Bliski istok|Bliskog istoka]], [[Azija|Azije]] i [[Evropa|Evrope]], bio je središte jedne od najopsežnijih trgovačkih mreža na svijetu, upravo zahvaljujući tako povoljnom geostrateškom položaju. Bizantinci iz Konstantinopolja postali su izuzetno bogati i oblačili su se tako da pokažu svoj status i uspjeh. Posjetioci su često komentarisali odjeću rađenu od najfinije svile, koju je nosilo stanovništvo ovog grada. Tekstilna umjetnost bila je jedan od najcjenjenijih zanata u Bizantijskom Carstvu, a smatrana je visokom umjetnošću, baš kao i slikarstvo, skulptura i arhitektura. Mnogi sačuvani primjerci bizantijskog tekstila slijedili su standarde koje je postavila bizantijska crkva (koja će kasnije postati Grčka pravoslavna crkva) za kontrolu nad drugim vrstama umjetnosti. Većim dijelom sačuvani primjerci tekstila odnose se na one koje je Crkva koristila za posebne prilike, u odnosu na manji broj primjeraka koji su korišteni u svakodnevne svrhe. <ref name="ABAT">{{Cite web|url= https://nazmiyalantiquerugs.com/blog/antique-byzantine-art-textiles/|title= ''Antique Byzantine Art: Textiles''|work= nazmiyalantiquerugs.com|access-date= 20. 1. 2022}}</ref> Bizantijski tekstil uglavnom je bio izrađivan od [[lan]]a, [[Vuna|vune]] i [[Svila|svile]], dok se [[pamuk]] rjeđe spominje u pisanim izvorima. Proizvodio se u državnim tkaonicama, privatnim radionicama i individualnim domaćinstvima, u zavisnosti od vrste, kvaliteta i upotrebe. [[Aleksandrija]] (i [[Egipat]] općenito) i [[Sirija]] bili su posebno istaknuti po proizvodnji tekstila prije nego što su pali pod vlast [[Arapi|Arapa]] u 7. vijeku. Poznato je da su Solun, Korint, Teba i Atina imali važne radionice za tkanje tekstila (posebno svile) između 10. i 12. vijeka. U pisanim izvorima zabilježen je veliki izbor tekstila, gdje se pored najcjenjenije svile i purpurno obojenog sukna, spominju domaća vunena, gruba i fina lanena sukna. Obične tunike i ogrtači izrađivali su se od obične lanene, vunene ili pamučne tkanine, dok je svila, često pletena zlatnim nitima, bila nošnja careva, carskog doma i dvorskih službenika. Zavjese za krevete i prozore, te tepihe izvedeni u različitim materijalima i tehnikama bili su redovna komponenta domaće i službene arhitekture, kako svjetovne tako i vjerske. Dobar primjer su zavjese koje su ispunjavale prostore između [[stub]]ova u mozaicima u bazilici [[Teodorik Veliki|Teodorika Velikog]] u [[Sant' Apollinare Nuovo]] u italijanskom gradu [[Ravenna|Ravenni]]. Važnost tekstila u arhitektonskom kontekstu otkriva se u beskonačnom otvaranju i zatvaranju zavjesa oko cara i carske palate kako je zabilježeno u knjizi [[De ceremoniis]] o ceremonijalnom protokolu na dvoru bizantijskih careva u Konstantinopolju. Zavjese su imale više čisto dekorativnu ulogu, a često su bile izvedene u tehnici tapiserija, posebno pogodnih za portretiranje figuralnih subjekata, kako svjetovnih tako i religioznih. Svilena tapiserija koja prikazuje trijumfalnog cara u Bambergu rijedak je kasniji primjerak ovih tkanja (početak 11. vijeka).<ref name="BT">{{Cite web|url= https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/byzantinetextile|title= ''Byzantine Textile''|work= libguides.ku.tr|access-date= 13. 1. 2022}}</ref> Ćilimi koji su krasili palate i domove ljudi služili su za pokazivanje statusa i bogatstva. Važna je i izrada bizantijskih tepiha, koji pokazuju slične dizajne i boje kao i islamski ćilimi tog vremena. Na osnovu izučavanja slikovnih prikaza bizantolozi su uočili da je bizantijski umjetnički tekstil bio rađen u jarkim živim bojama, sa sklonošću prema [[Crvena|crvenoj]] i [[Plava|plavoj]] koje su bile preovladavajuće (baš kao i danas), a također su korištene svijetle [[Narančasta|narančaste]] i ljubičaste boje. Ovi primjerci pokazuju visoko razvijenu kontrolu procesa i postupaka bojenja. U to vrijeme, sve ove briljantne boje bile su stvarane samo pomoću biljnih boja. Na ivičnom dizajnu bizantijskih prostirki obično su bili prikazi cvjetova, biljnih motiva, vinove loze i lišća. U središnjem dijelu ovih tepiha često su predstavljani ljudi i događaji. Ponekad su ovi ćilimi bivali okačeni na zidove i korišteni kao tapiserije za dekoraciju i izolaciju. Ova veoma kvalitetna djela bizantijske umjetnosti pokazuju stručno znanje i umijeće tkalaca, koji su često spajali vunene, pamučne, svilene i zlatne niti u jedan komad. Korijene islamskog i perzijskog dizajna mogu se pronaći u obrubama i šarama bizantijskih tepiha.<ref name="ABAT"/> Izrada bizantijskog tekstila ne prestaje čak ni tokom latinske okupacije Konstantinopolja između 1204 - 61, samo što su radionice za njihovu izradu jednostavno premještene u [[Nikeja|Nikeju]] i druge gradove pod kontrolom carstva, gdje je nastavljeno sa njihovom proizvodnjom.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.austriaca.at/0xc1aa5576_0x00178c52.pdf|title= ''Textiles and Dress in Byzantium''|work= austriaka.at|access-date= 14. 1. 2022}}</ref> U bizantijskoj kulturi, pravila pravilnog odijevanja bila su vrlo važna u svim oblicima društvenih aktivnosti, među kojima su najvažnije bile carske ceremonije i crkveni rituali. Odjeća se uvelike koristila za pokazivanje hijerarhijskih odnosa moći i simboličkih asocijacija na božansko i sveto, što je uveliko potvrđeno tekstualnim i vizualnim izvorima. Upotreba bizantijskog tekstila bila je posebno važna za ukrašavanje gradova prilikom carskih posjeta. Na ovaj način, carska moć i kontrola davali su posebno obilježje gradu prilikom carske posjete zbog svoje materijalne prirode, specifičnog vremenskog prikaza i posebne ikonografije, pri čemu su ovi tekstili posredovali u konceptima centralnim za carsku [[Ideologija|ideologiju]]. Ova dinamična sposobnost bizantijskog tekstila da djeluje kao posrednik između različitih društvenih aktera u složenim političkim kontekstima također je evidentna u onome što profesorica sa [[Univerzitet u Cambridgeu|Univerziteta u Cambridgeu]] Ana Maria Muthesius naziva "svilenom diplomatijom". Kao dragocjeni diplomatski darovi, [[bizantijska svila]] imala je jasnu i učinkovitu posredničku ulogu upravo zato što je kao tekstil bila prenosiva i prilagodljiva, utjelovljavala je bizantijske društvene i kulturne vrijednosti kroz svoj dragocjeni materijal, kvalitet, ikonografiju i prestiž. Time je bizantijska svila djelovala kao kulturni i politički ambasador, djelujući kao višestruki i dinamični pokretač kontakta i razmjene. Važan primjer živog prisustva tkanina u bizantijskoj kulturi i bogatog bizantijskog iskustva s tekstilom i kroz tekstil jest istaknuta upotreba šatora. Šatori su se uglavnom koristili u vojnim pohodima, lovačkim ekspedicijama i svečanim prilikama, a bili su vrlo cijenjeni zbog sigurnosti, mobilnosti i širokih mogućnosti za pokazivanje visokog statusa njihovog vlasnika. Šatori su bili prostori za kontakte i diplomatske sastanke, a sami su nuđeni i kao diplomatski pokloni. Strani posjetioci i državnici hvalili su njihovu višestruku upotrebu i kvalitet materijala, čineći bizantijske tkanine moćnim kulturnim posrednicima.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.doaks.org/resources/textiles/essays/evangelatou|title= ''Textile Mediation in Late Byzantine Visual Culture: Unveiling Layers of Meaning through the Fabrics of the Chora Monastery''|work= doaks.org|access-date= 7. 1. 2022}}</ref> Trgovina bizantijskim tekstilom odvijala se ne samo sa evropskim vladarima, nego su trgovina i diplomatski pokloni bili veoma rašireni i sa islamskim vladarima. Ovi luksuzni predmeti bili su jedna od važnih tačaka u razmjeni darova između bizantijskih i islamskih dvorova, koji istovremeno artikulišu dinamiku moći između davaoca i primaoca kroz simbole odražavajući obostrano priznate simbole kraljevske vlasti. Postoje dvije važne vrste ukrasa koji nam govore o tome kako je hijerarhija između islamskog i bizantijskog dvora uspostavljana kroz društveno značenje, a to su: sedlo antičkog kralja [[Aleksandar Veliki|Aleksandra Velikog]] i prsluk ukrašen pečatom [[Stari zavjet|starozavjetnog]] [[Solomon|kralja Solomona]]. Ove ličnosti su prihvatljive i kao simbol uspješne vladavine. Zbog takve istovjetnosti, bizantolozi [[Robin Cormack]] i [[Alice Walker]] smatraju da su diplomatske razmjene poklona između ove dvije različite vjerske i političke sile tog doba pokazatelj njihovog prijateljstva. Istovremeno, ova vrsta umjetnosti djeluje kao zajednički simbolički jezik u diplomatskim odnosima, pri čemu se tekstilni proizvodi mogu tumačiti kao predstavljanje prepoznatljive simboličke i ekonomske moći vladara. Nisu samo figuralni motivi korišteni kao obrazac pri izradi bizantijske svile koja je bila poslata na poklon islamskim dvorovima. Prikazi bizantijskih careva u lovu i njihove jahačke pratnje predstavljaju sliku snage i hrabrosti vladara, dok cvijeće i drveće predstavljaju slike rajskih vrtova, miroljubivi lavovi i orlovi carsku moć, a paunovi i slonovi egzotične figure. Slike novijih vladara također su korištene kao ukras poput motiva starih dobrih kraljeva. Naprimjer, poklon koji je kralj [[Roman I Lakapin]] poslao [[Abasidi|abasidskom]] halifi [[Al-Radi]]ju bio je ukrašen predstavom jahaćeg kralja sa zastavom u ruci, kao i ogrtač grimizne boje na kojem je prikaz figure jahaćeg kralja. Ovim svilenim tkaninama ne samo da se propagira moć bizantijskih careva, već i namjera o uspostavljanju mirnog političkog i vojnog saveza sa abasidskim halifama. Druga važna tačka za tekstilni poklon jest njihova boja.<ref name="BT"/> Prema tekstu iz 11. vijeka pod nazivom [[Knjiga poklona i rariteta|Knjige poklona i rariteta]] (arapski: Kitāb al-Hadāyā wa al-Tuḥaf)<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/673076.Book_of_Gifts_and_Rarities_Kit_b_Al_Had_y_Wa_Al_Tu_af_|title= ''Book of Gifts and Rarities (Kitāb Al-Hadāyā Wa Al-Tuḥaf): Selections Compiled in the Fifteenth Century from an Eleventh-Century Manuscript on Gifts and Treasures''|work= goodreads.com|access-date= 17. 1. 2022}}</ref>, napisano je da su mnogi ogrtači [[Ljubičasta|ljubičaste]] i [[Crvena|crveno]] ljubičaste boje bili poslani abasidskom halifi Al-Radiju. S druge strane, crvene i ljubičaste boje tekstila bile su regulisane u Bizantijskom Carstvu. Posebno se to odnosi na ljubičastu, koju je još [[Julije Cezar|Gaj Julije Cezar]] ustanovio kao carsku boju za tekstil i imala je drugačiji status na carskom dvoru od ostalih. Veoma malo zna o umjetnicima i radionicama u kojima je proizveden tekstil iz kasnog bizantijskog perioda.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.academia.edu/29360se 626/Byzantine_Textile_As_A_Communication_Way_In_Diplomacy|title= ''Byzantine Textile: As A Communication Way In Diplomacy''|work= academia.edu|access-date= 14. 1. 2022}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Gold-thread embroidered Aer, a liturgical cloth used to cover the vessels of the Eucharist - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Zlatnim nitima izvezeno liturgijsko platno ([[aer]]) urađeno krajem 13. vijeka, kojim se pokrivalo euharistijsko posuđe, visina 52 cm, širina 65 cm, [[Benaki muzej]], [[Atina]].]] Posebnu kategoriju čine tekstili koji su bili razvijani u službi crkvenog obreda, gdje su vremenom različiti oltarni pokrovi i druge liturgijske tkanine kao što su [[aer]], [[antimins]], [[eiliton]] i [[endit]] dobijali prepoznatljive oblike i posebnu dekoraciju. Velovi za [[kalež]]e i [[paten]]e (grčki: poterokalymma, diskokalymma) poznati su kao "mali aer". Veliki veo koji ih je oboje pokrivao zove se "veliki aer". Bizantijski teolozi su ritual prinošenja hljeba i vina na oltarski stol i prekrivanje aerom tumačili kao simbol Hristovog sahranjivanja. U skladu sa praksom da liturgijski tekstil daje slikoviti oblik skrivenoj simbolici liturgije, počelo se sa vezenjem velova velikog aera na kojima su prikazi mrtvog Hrista. Najraniji sačuvani primjeri potječu još iz približno 1300. godine i konvencionalno su poznati po grčkom nazivu "epitaphoi" (doslovno, "na grobu") zbog njihovog prikaza svetog tijela postavljenog za sahranu. Upotreba vezenog platna prilikom rituala rekonstrukcije Hristove pogrebne povorke prvi put je potvrđena u knjizi liturgijskih uputstava koja potječe iz 1346, a u njoj se navodi da sveštenik nosi knjigu [[Evanđelje|evanđelja]] (drevni simbol Hristove prisutnosti) na desnom ramenu, umotanu u aer, koji služi i kao veo za pričesni pribor. Kao što su velovi za euharistijsko posuđe činili vidljivim njihov unutrašnji smisao, tako je i liturgijska odjeća bizantijskog sveštenstva otkrivala teološku važnost njihove službe. Prema pisanom izvoru solunskog arhiepiskopa Simeona iz 15. vijeka: {{Citat|upravo zato što je episkop Hristov lik, pripremajući se za službu, on se oblači u svete odežde, koje sve imaju simboliku i duhovno tumačenje".}} [[Datoteka:Large sakkos of photius.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Prednji dio velikog sakosa moskovskog mitropolita Fotija urađen od satena vezenog zlatnim i srebrnim nitima i svilom sa biserima između 1414-17, [[Palata oružja]] u Kremlju, Moskva]] Tumačiti odeždu sveštenstva kao sredstvo kojim visoko sveštenstvo predstavlja Hrista ima dug pedigre u Bizantiji. U isto vrijeme oblici odijela koji su bili uspostavljeni mnogo prije [[Bizantijski ikonoklazam|ikonoborstva]] doživjeli su brz razvoj i razradu. Rezultat je bio da je nova odjeća bila ograničena na najviše činove sveštenstva. Najbolji primjer je liturgijska odjeća ukrašena vezenom mustrom na kojima su prikazani krstovi (polistaurion). Najspektakularniji od ovih kasnih dodataka biskupskoj garderobi bio je [[sakos]], euharistijska [[tunika]] sa širokim kratkim rukavima i prepoznatljivom ukrasnom mustrom. Ukras za dva sakosa moskovskog mitropolita [[Fotije (mitropolit moskovski)|Fotija]] (slika desno) urađenih u Konstantinopolju, a potom poslatih u Moskvu kao poklon, upečatljivi su po ponavljanju ikonografskih tema koje su već bile zastupljene na zidovima i ikonostasima tipičnih kasnobizantijskih crkava. Ovo ponavljanje slika pomaže da se arhiepiskop poveže sa svetim likovima prikazanim na njegovoj odeždi. Sakos je svojom dizajnom sastavljenim od tekstilnih kockica i krutim, izvezenim ukrasom preobrazio izgled arhiepiskopa u spljoštenu, svešteničku figuru, koja podsjeća na svete biskupe s crkvenih freski i ikona. Do kasnog 14. vijeka bogatstvo i gustina likova na odjeći visokog sveštenstva bili su posebno vidljivi kada su biskupi svečano obučeni stajali usred [[naos]]a, gdje se izbliza moglo vidjeti njihovo raskošno ruho. U najsvečanijim trenucima liturgije zavjesa ikonostasa bi se povukla u stranu, kako bi se otkrio episkop koji je stajao u vratima. Uokviren slikama na ikonostasu, slike na njegovoj odeždi privlačile bi pažnju okupljenih vjernika da gledaju na njega kao na živi produžetak svetilišta i njegovih ikona. Boljem razumijevanju izgleda i uloge liturgijskog tekstila tokom paleološkog perioda bizantolozima pomažu i freske, kao naprimjer, one u crkvi Peribleptos u Mistri na Peloponezu. Na njima je prikazana procesija Velikog ulaza koju izvode anđeli obučeni kao sveštenici i kao đakoni. Kao slavljenik ove "nebeske liturgije" (naziv koji ovoj ikonografiji obično daju historičari umjetnosti), Hristos stoji na oslikanom oltaru u ulozi i kostimu patrijarha, dok anđeli sveštenici idu prema njemu noseći zastrte kaleže, a anđeli đakoni nose prekrivene patene balansirane na njihovim glavama. Ovo neobično držanje anđela đakona precizno odražava pravce liturgijskih uputstava onovremenih knjiga (odnosno "dijatakseisa"). Tako je nebeska liturgija predstavljena kao bliska zrcalna slika zemaljskih obreda koji se vrše u prostoru crkve.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.academia.edu/13892000/Orthodox_Liturgical_Textiles_and_Clerical_Self-Referentiality|title= ''Orthodox Liturgical Textiles and Clerical Self-Referentiality''|work= academia.edu|access-date= 20. 1. 2022}}</ref> Simbolička povezanost liturgijskih obreda sa Hristovim životom zabilježenim u evanđeljima utjecala je na ukrašavanje tekstila, a ovaj simbolizam je vidljiv i na prikazima scena iz evandelja na odjeći visokog bizantijskog sveštenstva.<ref name="BT"/> Tekstilna umjetnost pomogla je da se definira bogatstvo i moć Bizantijskog Carstva, a istovremeno je obogatila cjelokupnu bizantijsku umjetnost.<ref name="ABAT"/> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija liturgijskog i sekularnog bizantijskog tekstila"> Datoteka:Kaisariani Monastery 03.jpg|Freske iz manastira Kaisariani u Atini, sa prikazanim sveštenicima u odorama tokom vjerske službe (donji dio slike) Datoteka:Antimension1.jpg|Antimins iz Rumunije, [[Oradea|Oradea-Mare]], 1890. Datoteka:Antimins iz 1692. godine, [[Manastir Rača|manastir Rača]] Datoteka:Dues4Sept21 2009.jpg| Sveštenik stoji za oltarom tokom liturgijskog rituala. Aer je položen preko kaleža i patena (diskosa) Datoteka:Silver-thread embroidered antimensium bearing the representation of the Lament - Google Art Project.jpg|Srebrnim koncem izvezen antimins sa prikazom oplakivanja Hrista, sredina 16. vijeka, visina 40 cm, širina 53 cm, Benaki muzej u Atini Datoteka:Сербский Антиминс.jpg|Srbijanski antimins iz 16. vijeka Datoteka:Gavriele0269.jpg|Religijska zastava ([[Horugva]]) s ikonom sveca, crkva svetog Gabriela u [[Nazaret]]u </gallery> == Reference == {{refspisak}} {{Bizantijska umjetnost}} [[Kategorija:Bizantijska umjetnost]] [[Kategorija:Grčka kultura]] [[Kategorija:Historija umjetnosti]] [[Kategorija:13. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] [[Kategorija:14. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] [[Kategorija:15. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] ddwz0ytuye6lyru7mrzkzp4pq9yzz5p 3426935 3426927 2022-08-01T18:41:44Z AnToni 2325 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bizantijska umjetnost tokom egzila (1204–1261) i vladavine dinastije Paleolog''' bilo je razdoblje [[Bizantijska umjetnost|bizantijske umjetnosti]] povezano s postojanjem [[Nikejsko Carstvo|Nikejskog Carstva]], te drugih država nasljednica [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]] i s vladavinom posljednjeg cara [[Konstantin XI|Konstantina XI]] iz dinastije [[Paleolog (dinastija)|Paleolog]] u obnovljenom Bizantijskom Carstvu između 1204. i 1453. Vladavina Paleologa bila je obilježena obnovom propadajućeg carstva i svijesti o državnoj i nacionalnoj kulturi.<ref name="AOBW">''Art of the Byzantine World'', Christa Schug-Wille, Harry N. Abrams, INC. Publishers, New York City, Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 75-92912, Germany, 1969., str. 200-252</ref> Figurativne umjetnosti, posebno religiozne slikarstvo, doživjelo je posljednje zlatno razdoblje u vrijeme Paleologa. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavile približavanje kraja bizantijske države, grčke radionice u kojima su radili mozaičari, slikari i kipari i dalje su bile vrlo zauzete i narudžbe nisu nedostajale. Uglavnom su dolazile od članova važnih plemićkih porodica iz Konstantinopolja i provincija, kao i od slavenskih, bugarskih i srpskih vladara koji su slijedili primjer bizantijskih careva. Većina umjetničkih djela urađenih za vrijeme vladavine Paleologa mogu se pronaċi u glavnom gradu carstva, [[Mistras]]u, na sjeveru Grčke, u Srbiji i Bugarskoj.<ref name="AOBE">{{cite web|url=https://monoskop.org/images/9/99/Grabar_Andre_The_art_of_the_Byzantine_Empire_1967.pdf|title=The Art of the Byzantine Empire|work=monoskop.org|access-date=24. 3. 2021}}</ref> Zbog veoma uspješnog razvoja [[Filozofija|filozofije]], [[Nauka|nauke]] i umjetnosti, ovaj period historičari umjetnosti ponekad nazivaju i paleološkom renesansom ili trećim zlatnim dobom bizantijske umjetnosti.<ref name="AOBW"/> == Historijski okvir == [[Datoteka:Michael VIII Palaiologos (head).jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Car [[Mihael VIII Paleolog]], utemeljitelj posljednje vladarske dinastije Bizantijskog Carstva.]] Vijekovi neprekidne rimske političke tradicije i [[Helenizam|helenističke]] civilizacije pretrpjeli su krizu 1204. nakon napada venecijanskih i francuskih vitezova na Konstantantinopolj u okviru [[Četvrti krstaški rat|Četvrtog krstaškog rata]]. Kao rezultat, Bizantijsko Carstvo privremeno je prestalo postojati, a njegov glavni grad, [[Konstantinopolj]] postao je sjedištem katoličkog [[Latinsko Carstvo|Latinskog Carstva]]. Tokom krstaške opsade veliki dio grada izgorio je, a naknadnom pljačkom krstaša dodatno je opustošen u to vrijeme najbogatiji evropski grad.<ref name="GOB">''The Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era'', Helen C. Evans, William D. Wixom, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, drugo izdanje, 1997, str. 12–19; {{ISBN|0-87099-777-7}}</ref> Opljačkani su svi oni umjetnički predmeti od izuzetne vrijednosti koji su bili gomilani u riznicama palača i crkava. Oltar u [[Aja Sofija|Haja Sofiji]] koji je bio ukrašen [[emajl]]ima i dragim kamenjem razbijen je na komade nad kojima su se vojnici borili, a [[ambon]] (povišeno mjesto u crkvi namijenjeno čitanju biblijskih tekstova u liturgiji) i ikonostas lišeni su zlatnih i srebrnih ukrasa. Plaćenici su u crkvu uvodili mazge koje bi natovarili opljačkanim dragocjenim predmetima. Čak i slike [[Isus Hrist|Isusa Hrista]] i svetaca nisu bile imune i koristile su se kao stepenice. Osvajači se na tome nisu zaustavili, a carske grobnice u [[Crkva svetih apostola u Carigradu|Crkvi svetih apostola]] (grč. Agioi Apostoloi) bile su opljačkane zbog svog bogatstva. Ukradena su i drevna remek djela iz cijelog grčkog svijeta koja su ukrašavala Konstantinopolj. [[Bronza]]ni kipovi bacani su u peć, gdje su pretopljeni i od kojih su pravljeni teški novčići. Mnogo toga se izgubilo, a i sami Bizantinci izgubili su modele kojima su mnogo puta bili nadahnuti i čije postojanje je tako doprinijelo održavanju kulta ljepote.<ref name="BA">Bayet, Charles. Byzatine Art. New York : Parkstone Press International, 2009. ISBN 978-1-84484-620-7. str. 157 – 164.</ref> Uništavanje tokom napada na grad, te naknadno zanemarivanje naročito gradske sekularne arhitekture ostavilo je nepotpuno razumijevanje bizantijske umjetnosti. Broj gradskog stanovništva znatno se smanjio, što je utjecalo i na broj naučnika, umjetnika i zanatlija. Konstantinopolj je izgubio ulogu glavnog kreativnog središta u [[Istočna Evropa|istočnoj Evropi]] i [[Mediteran]]u, a Bizantijsko Carstvo nikad više neċe u potpunosti povratiti nekadašnju slavu i prosperitet. Osim nekoliko boljih [[Freska|freski]] i [[minijatura]] nastalih prije nego što su ga Bizantinci predvođeni [[Mihael VIII Paleolog|Mihaelom VIII Paleologom]] ponovo zauzeli 1261, nije proizvedeno mnogo inovativne umjetnosti.<ref name="GOB"/> Tokom perioda latinske vladavine, intervencija grčkih pravoslavnih umjetnika u Konstantinopolju nije mnogo uočljiva na jedinom sačuvanom fragmentu freske (scena iz života svetog [[Franjo Asiški|Franje Asiškog]] otkrivena u Kalenderhane džamiji). Saradnja između grčkih i latinskih umjetnika može se naći i u drugim djelima poput [[Slonovača|slonovače]] proizvedene u rimskoj [[Palestina (pokrajina)|Palestini]] za princezu Melissande. Odjeċa i draperije na ovoj skulpturi ukazuje na miješanje latinskog i grčkog umjetniċkog stila. Glavno središte bizantijske umjetnosti postalo je Nikejsko Carstvo u [[Mala Azija|Maloj Aziji]], u kojoj je dinastija Laskaris došla na vlast. Velika masa grčkih učenjaka i zanatlija stigla je do Nikeje i nastavila da razvija bizantijsku umjetnost i nauku pod pokroviteljstvom careva u emigraciji. Tokom latinske vladavine, Bizantijsko Carstvo je posljednji put iskusilo veliki utjecaj anadolskog [[Helenizam|helenizma]] u svom stvaralaštvu, jer je u narednom vijeku carstvo potpuno izgubilo Anadoliju.<ref name="BA"/> U manjoj mjeri, bizantijska umjetnost preživjela je i na teritorijama manjih novonastalih država - [[Epirska Despotovina|Epira]] i [[Trapezunt]]a, gdje su lokalni autonomni vladari vjerovatno zapošljavali domaće zanatlije. U Srbiji, Bugarskoj ili drugim zemljama u okruženju mogu se pronaći radovi matičnih škola koje se prilično razlikuju od ranijih bizantijskih djela, ali neki od njihovih elemenata svjedoče o snažnom utjecaju primjera iz [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|komnenskog perioda]]. Međutim, za historiju umjetnosti pojam "nacionalnosti" umjetnika manje je važan od namjere umjetnika da grade crkvu "à la maniera greca" (u grčkom maniru). [[Datoteka:LatinEmpire2.png|thumb|400px|lijevo|Podjela Bizantijskog Carstva 1204, neposredno nakon [[Četvrti krstaški rat|Četvrtog krstaškog rata]]]] Period krize u izgnanstvu i naknadno ponovno osvajanje glavnog grada i latinskih teritorija pod komandom vladara iz dinastije Paleolog donijeli su nova iskustva u bizantijsku umjetnost. Preuzeti su pogledi na umjetnost od privremenih osvajača, kao i drugih naroda bizantijskog kulturnog kruga. Nakon povratka glavnog grada pod vlast nove dinastije Paleolog, bizantijski umjetnici razvili su novo zanimanje za krajolik i pastoralnu scenu i tradicionalni mozaik. Donijeta su nova iskustva u bizantinsku umjetnost preuzeta iz zapadne, ali i iz umjetnosti susjednih pravoslavnih zemalja. Međutim, Bizantijsko Carstvo, a s njim i paleološka umjetnost, i dalje je karakterizirala znatna decentralizacija. U umjetničkoj aktivnosti njene posljedice mogu se vidjeti u raspoloženju arhitektonskih spomenika na tom području, od brojnih hramova u Srbiji (npr. [[manastir Sopoċani]]), preko Makedonije i Soluna do umjetnosti u Epiru (današnja [[Albanija]] i [[Grčka]]) i [[Mistras]]u na [[Peloponez]]u. U duhovnom okruženju razvija se i preovladava molitvena tradicija [[Istihaza|istihaze]]. Zajedno s tim izgrađuje se i niz stilski raznovrsnih manastira na visokim stijenama, poznatih pod nazivom [[Meteora]]. Glavno središte srednjovjekovnih kaluđera i isposnika na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]] se širi, u kojem je svaki veći pravoslavni narod postepeno gradio svoj manastir. Uloga svetogorskih manastira povećala se još više tokom perioda istihaze.No, pored ovih tradicionalnih tema pojavljuje se i nova tema: ljudska figura, koja se na sarkofazima nije vidjela od ranobizantskog razdoblja. Predstave ljudi, njihovi portreti pokojnika i svetaca, Krista i Bogorodice, ponovno se pojavljuju u to vrijeme u nizu vrsta skulptura, posebno onih povezanih s grobnicom. Istaknutost ljudskog lika u vizantijskoj skulpturi izmenila je 13. i 15. vijeka ukazuju na trajno interesovanje bizantijskih skulptora za drevne oblike i stilove, inspirisane grčko-rimskim skulpturama sačuvanim na bizantskim teritorijima.''Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261 - 1557)'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, prvo izdanje, 2004, str. 5–15, 17–92, 95–103; {{ISBN|1-58839-113-2}}</ref> U manastirima na Svetoj gori čuvaju se bogate zbirke dobro očuvanih bizantijskih i srednjovjekovnih artefakata, rijetkih knjiga, drevnih dokumenata i umjetnina od ogromne historijske vrijednosti.<ref name="ARS">{{Cite web|url=https://arsartisticadventureofmankind.wordpress.com/2015/06/08/the-byzantine-monasteries-of-mount-athos-in-greece-and-the-byzantine-art-in-the-balkan-peninsula/|title=The Byzantine monasteries of Mount Athos in Greece and the Byzantine art in the Balkan Peninsula|work=arsartisticadventureofmankind.wordpress.com|access-date=10. 8. 2021}}</ref> Bizantijska umjetnost nastavila se širiti prema [[Rusija|Rusiji]], [[Venecija|Veneciji]] i na [[Balkan]]u, ali nije imala utjecaja na muslimanske [[Turci|Turke]]. Uprkos uspješnoj obnovi, zlatno doba Bizantijskog Carstva bilo je prošlost. Prijetnja novim krstaškim ratom, borbama s Osmanlijama i neprestanim građanskim ratovima 1320. - 1350. oslabila je carstvo i dovela do gubitka brojnih teritorija, a ostao je samo [[Peloponez|Peloponesko poluostrvo]], uski pojas oko glavnog grada i neka ostrva na Egejskom moru. U posljednjim godinama postojanja Bizantijskog Carstva u zemlji se počeo manifestirati svojevrsni dualizam moći - glavni centar moći u Carigradu, koji je nestao 1453, i drugi centar moći u Mistrasu - [[Morejska Despotovina]]. Moreja na Peloponezu također je postala važno umjetničko središte, koje je nastavilo sa svojom umjetnikom aktivnošću i nakon propasti Bizantije.<ref name="BFP">''Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261–1557)'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, prvo izdanje, 2004, str. 5–15, 17–92, 95–250; {{ISBN|1-58839-113-2}}</ref> Italijanske zemlje, posebno [[Mletačka Republika]] i njihovo ostrvo [[Kreta]], postale su važno izgnanstvo za bizantijske umjetnike, gdje je bizantijska umjetnička tradicija trajala dugo nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja posljednje bizantijske države nasljednice. [[Kretska škola]] je postepeno uvodila zapadne elemente u svoj umjetnički stil i izvozila je veliki broj [[ikona]] na zapad. Njeni najpoznatiji svjetski umjetnici bili su [[El Greco]] i [[Mihael Damaskenos]]. Najveći preporod doživljavaju [[Mozaik|mozaici]] i [[Freska|freske]], koje se očituju dinamičnošću i narativnošću, a slike stvaraju zamršene tapiserije. Boje i veličina detalja također se mijenjaju i smanjuju. Najvažniji mozaici urađeni za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog sačuvani su u [[Manastir Hora|manastiru Hora]] i u [[Manastir Pammakaristos|manastiru Pammakaristos]] u [[Istanbul]]u. Iako se čini da su mozaici i freske [[Crkva svetih apostola|Crkve svetih apostola]] u [[Solun]]u djelo umjetnika iz Konstantinopolja koje je unajmio patrijarh Nefon 1312–1315, u gotovo svim slučajevima talentovani lokalni slikari radili su u Srbiji. Tokom razdoblja vladavine Paleologa anonimnost umjetničkih djela djelimično nestaje, jer su neki umjetnici svoja djela potpisivali od kraja 12. vijeka. Poznata su imena poput [[Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa|Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape]], koji su radili na ukrašavanju nekoliko crkava za srpskog kralja [[Uroš II Milutin|Uroša II. Milutina]] (1282 - 1321) i koji su naslikali veliki dio ikona koje su danas u [[Crkva svetog Klimenta|crkvi svetog Klimenta]] u [[Ohrid]]u. Iz ovog perioda sačuvan je i veliki broj drvenih panel-ikona čiji kvalitet izrade varira u zavisnosti od radionice gdje su izrađene, a radionice u Konstantinopolju održavale su relativno pristojan nivo kvaliteta izrade. Karakterizirali su ih manje strog pristup, novo uvažavanje čisto dekorativnih svojstava slike pri čemu je velika pažnja bila usmjerena prema detaljima, a sve ovo je općenito postalo poznato kao paleološki [[manirizam]]. Preovladavaju svijetle tople boje i shematski [[Zlato|zlatni]] slojevi naneseni potezima slikarske četkice. Kvalitet ikona varira u zavisnosti od proizvodne radionice, a radionice u Konstantinopolju održavaju relativno pristojan nivo. U hramovima su veliki mozaik ili ikonične slike bili okačeni ili na stubove pregrade ([[ikonostas]], [[templon]]) ili na ulazu u [[Brod (arhitektura)|brod]], kao što je to bio slučaj u crkvi Hora u Konstantinopolju, gdje su približno 1326. mozaici koji prikazuju sv. Petra i Pavla vode pogled vjernika u svetište. Međutim, gotovo svi ukrasi ovog tipa uništeni su tokom vremena. U [[Iluminacija|iluminaciji]] knjiga djela ne dosežu nivo iz prethodnih razdoblja i kvalitetnija djela su prilično rijetka, ali portreti na knjigama su novost. Zahvaljujući njima sačuvano je nekoliko carskih portreta. Kao i mnoge [[Minijatura|minijature]] iz tog vremena, naslikane su na odvojenim listovima ugrađenim u rukopise i stoga nisu djelo pisara. Umjetnici su koristili različite tehnike, pa su stoga neka heterogena djela možda potekla od jednog autora, uprkos anahronoj, ali uvriježenoj ideji specijalizacije. Slikari su zimi vjerovatno izrađivali ikone i rukopise, a ljeti [[Freska|freske]]. U 14. vijeku ne može se primijetiti veliki porast broja knjiga koje su opisivali laici i ilustrirali umjetnici koji nisu mogli biti ni sveštenici ni monasi. U umjetnosti izrade malih predmeta uočljiv je pad kvaliteta u odnosu na ranija razdoblja. Gubitak istočnih teritorija značio je nedostatak skupljih materijala, posebno [[Slonovača|slonovače]] i plemenitih metala. Proizvodnja je uglavnom bila usmjerena na drvo, a [[keramika]] se također više koristila. Težina radova također se smanjuje, a [[filigran]] postaje popularan. Više pažnje posvećeno je zaštiti ikona, a izrađuju se metalni okviri i keramičke pločice za ikone. Umjetnost izrade tkanina i vezova doživjela je znatan razvoj.<ref name="AOBE"/><ref name="BFP"/> == Izrada mozaika == [[Datoteka:Deesis mosaic Hagia Sophia.jpg|thumb|300px|desno|[[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaik]], smješten u zatvorenom carskom dijelu gornjih galerija u Haja Sofiji, predstavlja jedan od najboljih primjera paleološke renesanse.]] Pljačka Konstantinopolja koju su izveli krstaši 1204. dovela je do pada upotrebe mozaičke umjetnosti tokom sljedećih pola vijeka. Nakon bizantijskog oslobađanja grada 1261, Aja Sofija je obnovljena, a bizantijski umjetnici uradili su monumentalni [[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaik]] koji je urađen u svrhu obilježavanja oslobađanja od latinske okupacije. Na ovom mozaiku prikazan je Hristos uz kojeg su Bogorodica i sveti Ivan Krstitelj približno dva i po puta veći od prirodne veličine. Veličina ove tri figure odražava njihovu važnost u bizantijskoj kulturi. Tema u deisis mozaiku u kojem [[Bogorodica]] i [[sveti Ivan Krstitelj]] imaju ulogu posrednika kod Hrista u ime čovječanstva česta je u umjetnosti u raznim medijima od srednjobizantijskog razdoblja, pa nadalje, gdje se često upotrebljavala [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicija]] slična ovoj iz Haja Sofije. Također, ilustrirano je šire stremljenje ka [[Naturalizam|naturalizmu]] (oponašanje vidljivog svijeta) u kasnoj bizantijskoj umjetnosti. Smatra se jednim od najfinijih i najpoznatijih mozaika u Aja Sofiji zbog mehkoće njegovih karakteristika, intenzivnih emotivnih izraza humanosti i tonova, te spretnosti umjetnika prilikom njegove izade. Umjetnički stil blizak je stilu italijanskih slikara s kraja 13. i početka 14. vijeka, poput [[Duccio|Duccia]], i predstavlja najavu promjena u ranom [[Italijansko renesansno slikarstvo|italijanskom renesansnom slikarstvu]], a ujedno je jedan od najboljih primjera paleološke renesanse.<ref name="BFP"/><ref>{{Cite web|url= https://smarthistory.org/deesis-christ-with-the-virgin-mary-and-john-the-baptist-hagia-sophia-istanbul/|title= Late Byzantine naturalism: Hagia Sophia’s Deësis mosaic|website= smarthistory.org|access-date= 26. 3. 2021}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Istanbul - Chiesa Pammacaristos (Fetiye camii) - Cupola - Foto G. Dall'Orto 26-5-2006.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Pogled na središnju kupolu pareklesiona sa Hristom Pantokratorom okruženog prorocima iz [[Stari zavjet|Starog zavjeta]], [[manastir Bogorodica Pammakaristos]] Bizantijski humanizam doživio je novi procvat za vrijeme vladavine cara [[Andronik II Paleolog|Andronika II]] (1282. - 1328.) i njegova dva savjetnika [[Nikifor Humna|Nikiforom Humnom]] i [[Teodor Metohit|Teodorom Metohitom]], humanizam [[platon]]skog nadahnuća koji je u Bizantijsko Carstvo unio sekularni ton koji je postao novi i kojim je umjetnicima data nova svrha i smjer.<ref name="AOBW"/> Do kraja 13. vijeka prepoznatljiv oblik aristokratskog pokroviteljstva u Konstantinopolju bio je dodavanje novih građevina na već postojećim manastirima. Dva najambicioznija projekta iz tog vremena su [[paraklesion]] (pogrebna kapela), dodata [[Manastir Bogorodica Pammakaristos|manastiru Bogorodice Pammakaristos]] (danas Fetiye džamija) i obnova [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]] (danas džamija Kariye muzesi). U periodu između 1305 - 10 udovica bivšeg generala Michaela Glabasa Tarchaneiotesa, dala je da se pored manastira Bogorodice Pammakaristos izgradi mauzolej u obliku minijaturne crkve u obliku grčkog krsta posvećene Hristu. Mozaici su pažljivo planirani da funkcionišu kao ikone u čast preminulih. Izvođenje mozaika otkriva obrazac rada koji je tipičan nakon 1261. Hristos u kupoli uobičajena je slika Pantokratora, a umjetnik koji je to uradio vjerovatno je mnogo puta predstavljao Hrista u ovom obliku. Za razliku od Hrista u apsidi, koji je dio deisis grupe i žarište posredničkog ciklusa, bio je posebno tretiran i mnogo duguje novom modelu Hrista u [[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaiku iz Aja Sofije]]. Međusobna povezanost ova dva cilja, tradicionalnog i eksperimentalnog, dinamika je umjetničkog stvaralaštva uočljivijeg nakon 1261. u odnosu na raniji period.<ref name="RC">''Byzantine Art'', Robin Cormack, Oxford University Press, objavljena 2000., {{ISBN|0-19-284211-0}}, str. 120, 207-215</ref> [[datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople (6).JPG|thumb|250px|desno|Mozaik na kojem je prikazan [[Teodor Metohit]] (lijevo), glavni donator obnove i unutrašnje dekoracije manastira Hora]] Najvažniji sačuvani mozaici iz vremena kasne bizantijske umjetnosti danas se mogu naċi u nekadašnjem manastiru Hora u Istanbulu. Svi mozaici u kupoli i polukružnoj [[Luneta|luneti]] na narteksu relativno su dobro očuvani, a između 1948. i 1958. obnovljeni su pod vodstvom direktora Američkog bizantijskog instituta Paula Adkinsa Underwooda. Ciklus biblijskih scena u bogatom, ukrasnom obrascu, sa svim vrstama fantastičnih životinjskih oblika, pokazuje izraženu sklonost klasičnim i ranohrišćanskim oblicima. U odabiru tema, primjetan je povratak bizantijskoj tradiciji nakon [[Bizantijski ikonoklazam|ikonoklazma]], ali s više pažnje posvećene ljudskom aspektu, podsjećajuċi na kasnije mozaike u [[Bazilika svetog Marka|bazilici svetog Marka]].<ref name="AOBW"/> Najvažniji narativni ciklusi smješteni su u sjevernom krilu unutrašnjeg ulaznog trijema (narteksa), u kojima je životna priča Bogorodice prikazana na osamnaest prekrasnih mozaičkih panela. Stručnjaci smatraju da je ovaj cjelovit prikaz Bogorodice (od njenog začeća od strane majke Ane, pa sve do smrti) vrlo rijedak u hrišćanskoj umjetnosti. Isto tako, u sjevernom krilu vanjskog narteksa prikazane su važne faze iz života svete porodice, rođenje i krštenje Isusa Hrista i druge scene iz njegovog života.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.mybeautifulistanbul.com/2020/10/20/the-beautiful-mosaics-and-frescoes-of-the-chora/|title= The Beautiful Mosaics and Frescoes of the Chora|work= mybeautifulistanbul.com|access-date= 16. 5. 2021}}</ref> Mozaička i fresko dekoracija u manastiru Hora urađena je pod pokroviteljstvom Teodora Metohita (slika desno), koji se pojavljuje u mozaiku smještenom iznad zapadnih vrata od unutrašnjeg narteksa do svetilišta, predstavljajući Hristu, koji je na prijestolju, maketu manastira Hora. Odjeven je u bogatu svilenu nošnju i veliki šešir dvorskog službenika.<ref name="ABE">''Art of the Byzantine Era'', David Talbot Rice, "Frederick A. Praeger Inc.", New York City 1963, Kongresna biblioteka SAD-a pod brojem 63-16444, str. 223–264.</ref> Iako su u crkvi Hora napravljeni neki od najvažnijih pomaka i inovacija iz vremena kasne bizantijske umjetnosti, bizantolozi svrstavaju neke od mozaičkih i fresko ciklusa u ovom sakralnom objektu kao "konzervativne", a najbolji primjer je mozaik Uspenja svete Marije. Međutim, uočljivo je da je umjetnik morao tražiti modele i ponekad je morao ispunjavati slobodne zidne prostore konvencionalnim motivima. Prepoznatljiva osobina pri dizajniranju ovih scena je upotreba [[Perspektiva (likovna umjetnost)|perspektive]] za stvaranje slikovitog prostora u kojem se priča odvija, ali bizantijski pronalasci u raščišćavanjima razlikuju se od kasnijih [[Renesansa|renesansnih]] konstrukcija prema jednoj tački nestajanja (osnova kasnijeg fresko ciklusa u paraklezijumu ove crkve). Umjesto toga, linije građevina u pozadini mozaika ukrštaju se na figurama u prvom planu i ističu radnju i priču. U ukrašavanju se također poklanja pažnja upotrebom bogatih i raznolikih ukrasa i obruba. Mozaici i zidne slike u crkvi Hora uvode nove ideje i dizajne u bizantijsku monumentalnu umjetnost, od kojih su neke proizašle iz poznavanja međunarodnih ideja tog doba.<ref name="RC"/> Postoji još određeni broj sačuvanih mozaika iz nekadašnjih konstantinopoljskih manastira koji su nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja grada preinačeni u džamije. Latinsko kraljevstvo Solun, koje su osnovali krstaši, trajalo je samo od 1204. do 1224, a čini se da su gradske crkve u Solunu pretrpjele mnogo manje štete i zanemarivanja u odnosu na konstantinopoljske. Crkva iz 14. vijeka, izvorno posvećena Bogorodici, koja se danas naziva [[Crkva svetih apostola (Solun)|Crkvi svetih apostola]], ukrašena je u svojim središnjim dijelovima mozaicima, a zidnim slikama u manje važnim područjima. Prisustvo monograma patrijarha [[Nifont I Carigradski|Nifonta I Carigradskog]] daje godinu 1329. kao precizan datum izgradnje i njene unutrašnje dekoracije. Od unutrašnje dekoracije najviše se ističe izvanredni mozaički prikaz Preobraženja Hristovog (pogledati galeriju).<ref>''Early Christian and Byzantine art'', John Lowden, Phaidon Press Limited, London, prvo izdanje, 1997. str. 402; {{ISBN|0 7148 3168 9}}</ref> Bitni su i mnogobrojni minijaturni mozaici iz Mistrasa na Peloponezu,<ref name="BAEA">''Byzantine art, a European art. Zappeion Exhibition Hall, Athens, 1964, Greece Council of Europe, str. 213–215.</ref> koji su preneseni u mali arheološki muzej grada na Áyios Níkonosu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.roughguides.com/greece/the-peloponnese/sparti-sparta-and-around/|title=Spárti (Sparta) and around|work=roughguides.com|access-date=3. 8. 2021}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Mozaička galerija"> Datoteka:Άγιοι Απόστολοι Θεσσαλονίκης. Η Μεταμόρφωση του Χριστού. Ψηφιδωτή παράσταση των ετών 1310-1314.jpg|Preobraženje Hristovog, Crkva svetih apostola u Solunu Datoteka:HSX Mary genealogy.jpg|Bogorodica sa djetetom u sredini mozaika, okružena starozavjetnim predacima, manastir Hora Datoteka:Chora Christ south coupole.jpg|Hrist Pantokrator okružen starozavjetnim predacima, Manastir Hora Datoteka:HSX Koimetesis.jpg|Uspenje svete Marije (Koimesis, manastir Hora Datoteka: Istanbul - Chiesa Pammacaristos (Fetiye camii) - San Gregorio armeniaco - Foto G. Dall'Orto 26-5-2006.jpg|Sveti Gregorije Armenac, manastir Bogorodice Pammakaristos u Istanbulu Datoteka:Istanbul Kariye museum Naos Jesus Christ june 2019 2372.jpg|Isus Hrist, manastir Hora Datoteka:Istanbul Kariye museum Naos Theodokos june 2019 2375.jpg|Bogorodica i dijete, manastir Hora Datoteka:StPeter-mosaic-from-Chora-church-in-Istanbul.jpg|Mozaik na kojem je prikazan sveti Petar kako drži ključeve raja, manstir Hora Datoteka:Paul in Chora.jpg|Mozaik svetog Pavla, manastir Hora </gallery> == Slikarstvo == Usljed nastavljanja gubitka teritorija i slabljenja carstva, posljednji period bizantijske umjetnosti prepoznatljiv je po preovladavajuċoj zastupljenosti zidnog slikarstva, koje je bilo jeftinije u odnosu na izradu mozaika i luksuznih predmeta od dragih metala i [[slonovača|slonovače]]. Tokom posljednjeg razdoblja bizantijske umjetnosti, slikarstvo se nastavilo i ubrzano je davalo sve veći zamah novim stilovima što otkriva određenu težnju za obnovom. Jedan od najprepoznatljivijih stilova na zidnim slikama je onaj koji se obično naziva "makedonski". Ovaj stil je izvanredan po svojoj tendenciji da prikaže ljudsku dramu i da je naglasi svim sredstvima koja ima na raspolaganju: uznemireni pokreti, dinamični stavovi, živahne geste, kontrasti u boji, uvećani prostori. Ljudske figure, često izvanredni [[portret]]i dobijaju težinu i volumen, pri čemu su široke draperije prožete posebnim izražajem, [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicija]] postaje šira i postiže epsku veličinu. Čini se da ova tendencija ka revolucionarnijem izrazu svijeta nije trajala više od dvije ili tri decenije počevši od kraja 13. pa sve do početka 14. vijeka. Ovom pokretu pripadali su umjetnici poput [[Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa|Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape]] i [[Manuel Panselin]] iz Soluna, koje mnogi historičari umjetnosti smatraju najvažnijim pripadnicima Solunske slikarske škole.<ref name="BAEA"/> Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa radili su freske visokog kvaliteta u manastirima u [[Ohrid]]u, Skoplju (crkva Bogorodice Peribleptos, crkva svetog Nikite i crkva svetog Georgija u Staro Nagoričane, 40 km sjeverozapadno od Skoplja), kao i crkvi Bogorodice Ljeviške u [[Prizren]]u, dok je Manuel Pselos slikao freske na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]].<ref>Early Christian and Byzantine Art, John Lowden, prvo izdanje od strane Phaidon Press Limited, London, 1997; {{ISBN|0-7148-3168-9}}, str. 404-407</ref> Bizantijski umjetnici za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog razvili su novo zanimanje za pejzaž i pastoralnu scenu, postepeno otvarajući put detaljnim narativnim freskama. O tome najbolje svjedoči velika grupa umjetničkih djela pronađenih u manastirima u Mistrasu na Peloponezu. Najveći dio ovog razdoblja protekao je u znaku zidnog slikarstva, koje se očituje dinamičnošću i narativnošću, gdje slike stvaraju složene tapiserije. Boje i veličina detalja također se mijenjaju i smanjuju. Pažnja se posvećuje arhitektonskim detaljima građevina i prirodi koji su u pozadini slike, pri čemu se napušta hijerarhijska frontalna krutost. Figuralna umjetnost, a posebno religiozno slikarstvo, doživjeli su dugotrajni posljednji prosperitetni period. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavljivale predstojeći kraj Bizantijskog Carstva, rad grčkih mozaičara, slikara i vajara i dalje je bio veoma tražen, uglavnom od članova važnih plemićkih porodica iz Konstantinopolja i provincija, kao i od bugarskih i srpskih knezova koji su slijedili umjetničke primjere Bizantinaca. Nekoliko drugih dovoljno prosperitetnih središta bili su u stanju održavati lokalnu tradiciju u arhitekturi i ukrašavanju sakralnih objekata tokom dužeg perioda. Većina umjetničkih djela iz paleološkog razdoblja bila je u drugom najvažnijem gradu carstva u to vrijeme – Mistrasu. Korak unazad bila je umjetnost hesihizma iz druge polovine 14. vijeka, u čijim je djelima izostala elegancija iz prethodnog vremena.<ref name="BAEA"/> === Freske === [[Datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople 2007 013.jpg|thumb|350px|desno|Freska Hristovog uskrsnuća iz manastira Hora predstavlja jedan od napoznatijih primjera fresko slikarstva iz vremena paleološke renesanse]] Najbolji primjeri "makedonskog" stila fresko slikarstva tokom paleološke renesanse čuvaju se u paraklezijumu crkve Hora u Istanbulu, čije freske predstavljaju dokaz o zidnom slikarstvu u glavnom gradu Bizantijskog Carstva s početka 14. vijeka. Slikarski stil koji je tu bio razvijen ima svu živost i epsku raskoš iz vremena prve bizantijske slikarske škole bez naglaska na dramskom elementu, kao i svu gracioznost Hora mozaika i fresaka. Posebno je u crkvi Hora uočljivo da je ikonografski i vjerski program bio mnogo širi u odnosu na raniji period i odgovarao je opštim ukrasnim kretanjima u slikarstvu. Očigledna je i tendencija da se kroz mozaike i freske crkva pretvori u ilustriranu knjigu koja će vjernike podučavati o svemu što ima veze s njihovom vjerom. Pritom se naglašava liturgija, ali dekoracija u cjelini ide mnogo dalje. Najbolji dokaz za sve veċ navedeno su sačuvani opširni fresko ciklusi u pareklezijumu crkve Hora u kojima se uspostavljaju evokativne veze između [[Stari zavjet|Starog]] i [[Novi zavjet|Novog zavjeta]]. Istovremeno, oni otkrivaju blisku vezu između fresko programa i same svrhe pogrebne kapele. Vrhunac fresko ciklusa je ostvaren u izvanrednim prikazima Sudnjeg dana (pogledati galeriju) i [[Isusovo uskrsnuċe (freska iz manastira Hora)|Isusovog uskrsnuċa]] (slika desno). Posebno je važna freska Hristovog uskrsnuċa (grčki: Anastasis), koja je za razliku od ranijih krutih i statičnih prikaza na istu temu veoma dinamična. U njoj, Hrist pobjeđuje [[Sotona|sotonu]] i ruši vrata [[Pakao|pakla]], te snažnim pokretom hvata za ruke Adama i Evu izvlačeċi ih iz njihovih grobova. Na taj način spašava njihove duše iz pakla, gdje su bili zbog činjenice da su ličnosti iz [[Knjiga postanka|Knjige postanka]] te su živjeli u vrijeme prije dolaska Hrista. Tjelesni pokreti psihološki su intenzivni, a izražajnost držanja likova u ovoj fresci prevladavaju. Dramatična radnja je predstavljena izvanrednim osjećajem fizičkog pokreta i sile. Tri središnje figure dramatično se kreću po vertikalnoj osi i tjelesnim položajima uz dodavanje geometrijskih oblika, stvaraju osjećaj dijagonale i horizontalnog kretanja. Odjeća i draperije služe za sugeriranje stavova, pokreta i djelovanja tijela. Precizno ocrtavanje zamjenjuje nazubljenu apstrakciju draperije koja je bila prepoznatljiva u [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|bizantijskoj umjetnosti za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen]].<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p291911/pdf/4.-The-Fresco-of-the-Anastasis-in-the-Chora-Church.pdf|title= ''The Fresco of the Anastasis in the Chora Church''|work= press-files.anu.edu.au|access-date= 22. 7. 2021}}</ref> Između 1290-ih i 1420-ih grad Mistras na jugu [[Grčka|Grčke]] bio je takmac Konstantinopolju na kulturnom polju. Bio je posljednje veliko bizantijsko središte izučavanja koje je privlačilo intelektualce i umjetnike na čijem je čelu bio filozof [[Gemistus Pletho]]. Istovremeno, bio je i glavno administrativno središte na [[Peloponez]]u kada je izgrađen i ukrašen veliki broj crkava i manastira. Među njima su najvažniji crkva svetog Toedora, [[manastir Pantanassa]] i [[manastir Peribleptos]] u kojima su sačuvani neki od vrijednih primjera fresko slikarstva iz tog perioda (pogledati galeriju).<ref name="BA"/> Opširni fresko ciklusi koji pokrivaju unutrašnjost manastira Peribleptos nastali su između 1350. i 1375. Ova djela povezana su s kretskom i makedonskom umjetničkom školom.<ref>Hamilton, J. Arnott (1956). Byzantine Architecture and Decoration. London: Jarrold and Sons. str. 194–195.</ref> Prema riječima historičarke umjetnosti Annie Labatt: {{Citat|"prostor i pokreti tretirani su sa zapadnjačkim osjećajem na ovim freskama".}}<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/fwbz/hd_fwbz.htm|title=Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|last=Labatt|first=Annie|date=2000|website=Metropolitan Museum of Art|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|access-date=10. 3. 2016}}</ref> Još važnije od bilo kojeg grčkog kopnenog umjetničkog središta iz ovog perioda bilo je ostrvo [[Kreta]], gdje je sačuvano više od 600 crkava ukrašenih vrijednim freskama. Iako male veličinom, ogromna veċina crkava na Kreti ukrašene su u 14. i 15. vijeku, što potvrđuje procvat slikarstva. Uz pomoć natpisa moguće je, naprimjer, pratiti dugu karijeru slikara po imenu [[Joannis Pagomenos]]. Bio je jedan je od najvažnijih slikara na ostrvu jer je stvorio okvir za poznatu [[Kretska škola|Kretsku školu]] fresko slikarstva, čiji je rad dokumentiran u osam sačuvanih crkava na zapadu Krete. Budući da je njegova slikarska karijera trajala između 1313. i 1347, slikao je vjerovatno još mnogo drugih freski u crkvama na ostrvu. Tokom ovog dugog razdoblja prosperiteta i umjetničkih aktivnosti Kreta nije bila dio Bizantijskog Carstva.<ref name="BAEA"/> Jedno od veoma važnih područja fresko slikarstva za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog jest i područje današnje [[Sjeverna Makedonija|Sjeverne Makedonije]]. Freske u crkvi Bogorodice Peribleptos u Skoplju predstavljaju neka od prvih djela najprestižnijih srednjovjekovnih bizantijskih slikara Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape. Njihova dramatična izražajnost bila je osnova novog trenda u bizantijskoj umjetnosti iz ove epohe, poznatije kao "renesansa Paleologa", koja je bila posljednje poglavlje bizantijske umjetnosti. Na zidovima ove crkve, izvanrednom vitalnošću, snagom i očiglednim emocijama, naslikali su prizore iz života Bogorodice i Isusa Hrista. Ovdje je umjetnost Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape iz temelja promijenila vizuelnu koncepciju bizantijskog svijeta, uvodeći nove ideale za građane i skromne religiozne ljude tadašnjeg Bizantijskog Carstva. Naslikali su deset ciklusa fresaka u oltaru, naosu i narteksu (priprati), koje priedstavljaju jedan od najbogatijih ciklusa fresaka u cijelom bizantijskom svijetu, posvećen životu Bogorodice (pogledati galeriju). Također, ova crkva ima najveći broj sačuvanih potpisa ove dvojice umjetnika skrivenih u freskama.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://experience-macedonia.com/the-holy-mother-of-god-peribleptos/|title= The Holy Mother of God – Peribleptos in Ohrid|work=experiece-macedonia.com|access-date=29. 7. 2021}}</ref> Bitno je napomenuti i stari grad [[Ber]] na sjevery Grčke sa crkvom Isusovog uskrsnuća, u kojoj su neke od veoma kvalitetnih fresaka iz 1315, koje su djelo tada najpoznatijeg solunskog slikara [[Georgios Kaliergis|Georgisa Kaliergisa]], a po kvalitetu mogu se uporediti sa freskama u crkvi Hora kao i freskama u najstarijim solunskim crkvama (pogledati galeriju).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/31058516/Painters_in_the_Late_Byzantine_World_1204-1453_Monumental_Painting_in_Byzantium_and_Beyond_New_Perspectives._Byzantine_Studies_Colloquium_Dumbarton_Oaks_Washington_DC_November_4_2016_full_text_without_footnotes|title=''Painters in the Late Byzantine World (1204-1453), Monumental Painting in Byzantium and Beyond: New Perspectives. Byzantine Studies Colloquium''|work=academia.edu|access-date=12. 8. 2021}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Fresko galerija"> Datoteka: Izgonuvanjeto na trgovcite od hramot Sv. Nikita Banjani.jpg|Isus rastjeruje lihvare iz jevrejskog hrama u Jerusalemu, fresku su uradili Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa, Crkva svetog Nikite u selu Banjani kod Skoplja. Datoteka:Ljeviska002.jpg|Razgovor apostola, freska u crkvi Bogorodica Ljeviška u Prizrenu. Datoteka:Meister der Peribleptos-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|Scena Hristovog rođenja, freska u manastiru Peribleptos u Mistri na Peloponezu. Datoteka: Church of Saint George in Staro Nagorichino, Communion of the Apostles in the apse.jpg|Pričest apostola, freska u crkvi svetog Georgija, Staro Nagoričane kod Skoplja. Datoteka:Jacob's ladder and Jacob wrestling an angel.jpg|Scena hrvanja sa anđelom i sveti Jakov koji leži na podu u donjem lijevom uglu, dok su pored njega stepenice koje vode ka raju. Freska u crkvi Hora. Datoteka:Deesis of the Judgement day mosaic at Chora.jpg|Fresko prikaz Sudnjeg dana, manastir Hora, Istanbul Datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople 2007 010.jpg|Pogled na fresko cikluse u paraklezijumu manastira Hora Datoteka:Istanbul Chora Church 01.jpg|Freska u kupoli na kojoj je u središnjem medaljonu prikazana Bogorodica, dok su okolo prikazani njeni preci, manastir Hora. Datoteka: Meister der Pantanassa-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|Freska u manastiru Pantanassa na Peloponezu sa prikazom scene buđenja Lazara. Datoteka: Олтар-Богородица Перивлепта.jpg|Životopis Bogorodice, fresko prikaz u crkvi Bogorodice Peribletos u Skoplju. Datoteka: AngelNikita.jpg|Zidna freska sa prikazom anđela u crkvi svetog Nikite u selu Gornjane kod Skoplja. Datoteka: Christ Church in Veria Resurrection Fresco on the Southern Wall by Georgios Kalliergis, 1315.gif|Fresko prikaz Isusa Hrista, južni zid crkve Isusovog uskrsnuća u gradu Ber na sjeveru Grčke. </gallery> === Ikone === [[Datoteka: Богородица лешочка- август 2015 (5).JPG|thumb|450px|Ikonostas u crkvi Uspenja svete Bogorodice [[Lešočki manastir]], Sjeverna Makedonija.]] Među osobinama koje najočiglednije razlikuju kasnobizantijsku umjetnost je i količina ikona naslikanih na panelima. Ni iz jednog ranijeg razdoblja bizantijske umjetnosti paneli nisu sačuvani u tako velikom broju kao i njihovim velikim dimenzijama. Ikone su oduvijek postojale u monumentalnim dimenzijama, ali u zidnim slikama sa freskama, mozaicima ili vitražima, a ne kao slike na panelima. Također, isto slikovno izlaganje cvjetalo je kod ličnih i ikona malih razmjera.<ref name="BFP"/> Naslikane ikone na drvenim panelima bile su jeftinije od mozaika ili predmeta od slonovače, pa su zato postajale sve brojnije i važnije nego što su bile u ranijim vremenima. Od približno 1300. godine, pa nadalje postale su jedan od najvažnijih oblika umjetničkog izražavanja.<ref name="ABE"/> Zbog činjenice da se kasnobizantijska crkvena dekoracija sastojala uglavnom od zidnog slikarstva i ikona, zbog toga su potonje sve više bile u središtu pažnje i pokroviteljstva. Ovo je i glavni razlog što je veliki broj ikona iz tog vremena sačuvan do danas, a upravo je ovo medij u kojem je uočljiv utjecaj zapadne umjetnosti. Ono što je u 12. vijeku u [[Manastir svetog Neofita|manastiru svetog Neofita]] na [[Kipar|Kipru]], kada je [[Teodor Apseudes]] potpisao i datirao svoju sliku, bilo izuzetak, postalo je redovna pojava u kasnobizantijskom periodu. Još jedan umjetnik, [[Angelos Akotantos]], koji je radio na Kritu u prvoj polovini 15. vijeka potpisao je brojne ikone. Nezavisno je dokumentovan kroz njegovu sačuvanu oporuku u notarskim arhivama na Kreti napisanu 1436. Bio je plodni slikar, a njegove ikone pokazuju sposobnost da zadovolje potražnju za tradicionalnim slikama ili slikama u kojima su primjetni izrazito zapadnjački detalji ili konvencije. Ova dva već navedena bizantijska umjetnika bila su vrlo utjecajna, počevši od rada najvažnijeg ruskog ikonopisca [[Andrej Rubljov|Andreja Rubljova]] i njegovih sljedbenika, koji su bili pod direktnim utjecajem stvaralaštva [[Teofan Grk|Teofana Grka]], te karakteru kretskog ikonopistva, koje je na kraju doveolo do umjetnika poput [[El Greco|El Greca]], koji duguju Angelosu Akotantosu.<ref name="RC"/> Karakter svetog prostora u pravoslavnim crkvama promijenio se još više tokom 14. vijeka. U okviru [[templon]]a koji je između [[naos]]a i svetišta već od 8. vijeka počele su se držati ikone, često oslikane i postavljene u pregrade sa scenama iz 12 glavnih hrišćanskih svetkovina. Sljedeća faza bila je transformacija templonske strukture u neprozirni visoki [[ikonostas]] koji je držao nekoliko redova ikona, čije veličine su prilagođavane templonskoj strukturi.<ref name="RC"/> Na ikonostasu su korištene ikone dvije različite veličine - veće u donjoj polovini pregrade sa slikama Hrista, Bogorodice s Djetetom, arhanđela ili sveca zaštitnika crkve. Gornji red ikona na templonu je veličine približno pola metra ili malo više, Ulazna vrata u svetiste slikana su sa scenom [[Blagovijest]]i ili sa svecima (grčki: dodekaorton). raspoređene u standardiziranim nizovima: obično prikaz velikog [[Deisis]]a u kojem pored Hrista stoje Bogorodica i Ivan Krstitelj, scene iz 12 glavnih hrišćanskih svetkovina, te ciklus glavnih scena [[Bogojavljenje|Bogojavljenja]] iz života Hrista i Bogorodice. Ikone ove veličine također su bile pohranjene u znatnom broju na prolazima i zidovima svetišta crkava i stavljene su za štovanje na stalku za ikone (proskynetarion). Na ikonama iz ovog perioda uočljiva je osjetljiva međuigra između likova i okolnog prostora u [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicijama]] s jednim likom, gdje slikovni oblik istovremeno daje utisak siluete u odnosu na zlatnu podlogu i modeliran je kao da je obavijen trodimenzionalno u svojoj svjetlosti. U scenama prikazanim na kasnobizantijskim ikonama likovi se ne pojavljuju uz tlo, već unutar prostornog okruženja, čija se postavka dramatično proširuje u paleološkoj umjetnosti, ostavljajući likove male u svojim strmim prostorima. Koliko god ti prostori bili veliki, oni daju utisak napetosti i rječito su vezani za ljudske geste koje ih iscrtavaju. Takva prostorna rječitost odlično je odgovarala slikama pustinjskog asketizma. Pustinjski prizori su duboko ukorijenjeni u bizantijskoj iluminaciji knjiga, ali od kasnog 13. vijeka, pa nadalje počeli su se koristiti i u ikonoslikarstvu.<ref name="BFP"/> ==== "Ohridske ikone" ==== [[Datoteka:Ohrid annunciation icon.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Navještenje Bogorodice, dimenzije 93 x 68 cm, urađena u Konstantinopolju, rani 14. vijek, tempera i zlato na drvetu, sa posrebrenom i emajliranom oblogom, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu.]] Za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog slikanje panela i ukrasnih ploča dobilo je tako snažan poticaj da se primjeri mogu naći svugdje gdje je utjecaj Bizantije dosegao. Ova nova potražnja za prenosivim ikonama rezultat je uvođenja ikonostasa u crkve. U Ohridu i Svetoj gori identifikovan je znatan broj uvezenih ikona. Ohridske ikone predstavljaju važne primjere u razvoju kasnobizantijskog ikonopisa, a odigrale su i važnu ulogu u kasnijem razvoju srpskog ikonopisa. U Ohridu postoje dvije važne ikone koje potječu s početka 14. vijeka, a koje predstavljaju znamenitosti u kasnobizantijskoj historiji umjetnosti. Na njima su prikazi Hrista i Bogorodice kao spasitelje duša. Ohridski nadbiskup Grgur II prebacio je ove ikone u katedralu u Ohridu.<ref name="AOBW"/> Ova dvostrana ikona lijep je primjer savremenih umjetničkih tendencija u bizantijskoj prijestolnici tokom kasnobizantijskog perioda. Na prednjoj strani ikone pojavljuje se polovina figure Bogorodice. Njeno svečano, savršeno očuvano lice izražava blagu strogost. Na rukama drži malog Hrista čija je glava prekrivena blijedocrvenkastim pramenovima. Biste arhanđela [[Mihael (arhanđel)|Mihaela]] i [[Gabriel]]a prikazane su u uglovima na vrhu ikone. Cijela pozadina i okvir prekriveni su složeno ukrašenom srebrnom oblogom, koja je sama po sebi remek-djelo. Zajedno s geometrijskim i cvjetnim ornamentima, poput stiliziranih rozeta, ikona je ukrašena reljefno dotjeranim likovima. Slika Bogorodice okružena je okvirom s grbom u sredini s bistom Hrista Pantokratora, okruženom simetrično raspoređenim poprsjima. Bogorodica nosi naziv Psychosostria, koja predstavlja varijaciju Bogorodice Hodegetrije (ona koja ukazuje na pravi put). Na poleđini je ikona sa prizorom [[Blagovijest]]i i smatra se jednim od najboljih ostvarenja bizantijskog ikonopisa paleološke renesanse (slika desno). Likovi arhanđela Gabriela i Bogorodice prikazani su vješto, a postavljeni su kao kipovi na postoljima u definiranom prostoru nasuprot oštroj arhitektonskoj pozadini.<ref name="BFP"/> Proporcije su prekrasno razrađene između veličanstvenih arhitektonskih obilježja u pozadini i figura ispred njih, a tu je i kontrapuntalni sklad između anđela koji se brzo približava, te spokojne i nepomične Bogorodice. Igra kontrasta postignuta je postavljanjem svijetle odjeće arhanđela naspram Bogorodičine gotovo u potpunosti tamne odjeće. Vizije su obavijene mehkom sjenom, koje jedva da najavljuju misteriju ispod zamišljenog zlatnog rajskog neba. Sve već navedeno, uz igru svjetla i sjene i blistavih boja različitih objekata učinila je ovu scenu dragocjenim izvorom nadahnuća za kasnije slikare unutar bizantijske sfere utjecaja.<ref name="AOBW"/> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija ikona"> Datoteka:Christ Psychosostis, Early XIV Century, St Mary Perivleptos Church, Ohrid Icon Gallery.jpg|Ikona Hrista, [[tempera]], platno na drvetu, u srebrnoj podlozi, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu, rani 14. vijek. Datoteka:Climent of Ohrid.jpg|Ikona svetog Klimenta, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu, 14. vijek. Datoteka:Harrowing of hell (Constantinople, 14th c.).jpg|Ikona Hristovog Uskrsnuća iz 14. vijeka, dimenzije 47,2 x 62 cm, nepoznati slikar iz Konstantinopolja. Datoteka:Ikonenkalender 1973-11.png|Apostol Matej, ikona iz 14. vijeka. Datoteka:Saints of Sinai.jpg|Sveti očevi, ikona iz manastira svete Katarine na Sinaju. Datoteka:Back side of a double-sided icon depicting the Crucifixion (14th cent.) at the Byzantine and Christian Museum on 12 April 2019.jpg|Hristovo Raspeće, pozadina dvostrane ikone iz 14. vijeka, Bizantijski i hrišćanski muzej u Atini. Datoteka:Saint Mary with Christ Icon from Annunciation Church in Thessaloniki, circa 1300.jpg|Bogorodica i Dijete, ikona iz 1300, crkva svetog Bogojavljenja u Solunu. Datoteka:Crucifixion, II Half of XIII Century, St Mary Perivleptos Church, Ohrid Icon Gallery.jpg|Hristovo Raspeće, ikona iz druge polovine 13. vijeka, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu. </gallery> === Iluminacija === [[Datoteka: Chrysobull of Alexius III of Trebizond.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Iluminirana Zlatna bula cara [[Aleksij III od Trapezunta|Aleksija III od Trapezunta]].]] Osvojivši Konstantinopolj 1261, Bizantinci su u grad vratili tradiciju proizvodnje ukrasnih rukopisa koja je bila ozbiljno narušena tokom latinske okupacije. Tokom vladavine dinastije Paleolog došlo je do početka izrade rukopisnih knjiga koje su parirale najboljim djelima iz prethodnih vijekova, a koje spadaju u najsjajnije izvedene primjere zanata rukopisne iluminacije dotad. Ovo umjetničko dostignuće potpuno zamagljuje hronično teško novčano stanje onih koji su naručili te radove. Uočljiva je i pojava napuštanja tradicionalne anonimnosti bizantijskih umjetnika usljed sve većeg broja potpisanih iluminiranih knjiga. Radovi se sve više izrađuju od papira, a proizvodnja [[pergament]]a prestaje. Od 14. vijeka pa nadalje znatno raste broj knjiga koje prepisuju laici i ilustruju umjetnici u odnosu na ranije, kada su to uglavnom radili sveštenici i monasi. Čak i u ovom posljednjem periodu bizantijske umjetnosti najvažnije mecene bili su članovi carske porodice, koji su, osim iluminiranih rukopisa, davali da se izrade i carski dokumenti ([[Zlatna bula|zlatne bule]]). Jedna od njih je Zlatna bula cara [[Andronik II Paleolog|Andronika II Paleologa]] iz 1301. godine (čuva se u Bizantijskom muzeju u [[Atina|Atini]]), dok je druga naručena od cara Aleksija III od Trapezunta i njegove supruge [[Teodora Kantakuzena|Teodore Kantakuzene]] 1374. godine (slika desno). Početkom vladavine dinastije Paleolog, carica Teodora, supruga cara Mihaela VIII Paleologa odigrala je važnu ulogu u naručivanju veċeg broja knjiga najvišeg kvaliteta. Iako samo jedna knjiga ima paleologinske monograme, čini se da ima prateći tom u Djelima apostolskim i Poslanici. Također, evanđelje i psaltir (koji se danas čuvaju u Nacionalnoj biblioteci u Parizu) očito su proizvodi istih majstora. Ovi radovi pokazuju karakterističan arhaizirajući rukopis, nastao iz takozvanog "Perlschrifta" iz druge polovine 11. vijeka. Ova vrsta iluminacije prepoznatljiva je po izvanredno jasnoj i elegantnoj ruci, koja se u to vrijeme koristila prilično često i veoma je različita od pomalo nevještih kurzivnih ruku nekih prepisivača klasičnih autora. Iluminacije u ovim knjigama su također elegantne i arhaične, odražavajući pažljivo proučavanje minijatura iz 10. i 11. vijeka. Carica Teodora je zaposlila iste iluminatore prilikom izrade tipikona grobne dinastičke crkve koju je restaurirala u manastiru Lips u Konstantinopolju, ali u ovom slučaju pisari su bili iz carske kancelarije. Carica Ana, udovica cara Andronika III naručila je izradu psaltira iz manastira Iveron, koji je uradio pisar Hariton 1346. u manastiru Hodegon. Pisari iz istog manastira uradili su visokokvalitetne knjige po narudžbi cara Ivana VI kao poklon manastiru Vatopedi na Svetoj gori, od kojih je sačuvano 26. Kopiji spisa prvog [[Atina|atinskog]] nadbiskupa iz 1. vijeka, [[Dionisije Aeropagit|Dionisija Aeropagita]], koju je izradio carski bilježnik Mihail Klostomalles 1380-ih, dodana su poglavlja za cara [[Manuel II Paleolog|Manuela II Paleologa]], a koju je njegov legat Manuel Chrysoloras poklonio opatiji Saint Denis kraj [[Pariz]]a 1408. Da bi bio dostojan carski poklon, rukopisu su dodana poglavlja sa autorovim portretom sveca i slikom carske porodice. Rukopis je važan po portretima cara Manuela II. Ostale vrste pokroviteljstva ukazuju na obrazac veoma promjenljivih troškova prilikom iluminacije rukopisa, na koji ukazuje kvalitet materijala i njegove izrade. Ponekad su donatori predstavljeni prema tradicionalnoj formuli. Jedan primjer za to je ogroman tom [[Hipokratov korpus|Hipokratovog korpusa]], zbirka od približno 60 starogrčkih spisa o [[Medicina|medicini]], koje je napisao [[Hipokrat]]. Ima uvodne dvije stranice u kojima se prilikom otvaranja otkriva portret pokrovitelja Aleksija Apokauka, službenika cara Ivana V, koji predstavlja djelo Hipokratu, koji je prikazan na stranici okrenutoj prema njemu. Obje slike pomalo sliče tradicionalnim portretima evangelista. Zanimljivost je u tome da je tekst u knjizi pisan na italijanskom [[papir]]u sa vodenim žigom, dok je slika na dvostrukoj stranici naslikana na [[pergament]]u. Iako je većina iluminiranih rukopisa iz ovog perioda urađena u Konstantinopolju, ipak je dobar dio njih urađen u Solunu, Atini i Mistri na Peloponezu. Većina iluminiranih knjiga za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog proizvedena je vjerovatno naprečac (ad hoc) od strane pojedinaca, u saradnji ili samostalno, eventualno monaha, sveštenika ili laika. Umjetnici koji su slikali slike za umetanje u takve knjige povremeno su bili i pisari, a radili su kao ikonopisci, te sezonski, kao i slikari, kao što je u pisanim izvorima naveden primjer [[Teofan Grk|Teofana Grka]], [[mural]] i ikonopisac aktivan u to vrijeme u Rusiji. Čest rezultat tradicije rada na visoko uglačanim površinama od veluma bilo je djelomično ljuštenje slika. Ovo propadanje je počelo već u bizantijsko doba. Zbog toga su pripadnici carske dinastije Paleolog s vremena na vrijeme naručivali restauriranje starih knjiga, kao naprimjer, prvih osam knjiga [[Biblija|Biblije]] ("Octateuch"), koje se danas čuvaju u [[Vatikanska biblioteka|Vatikanskoj biblioteci]]. Nakon 1261. bizantijski iluminatori usredsredili su se na evanđelje prema zahtjevima mecena koji su naručivali puni tekst knjiga evanđelja, obilježena i indeksirana za liturgijska čitanja. Nekoliko iluminiranih knjiga evanđelja koje imaju opsežne narativne cikluse privuklo je veliku pažnju historičara umjetnosti. Razlog tome je mogućnost da su tokom posljednjih nekoliko decenija 13. vijeka [[Firenca|firentinski]] i [[Siena|sienski]] umjetnici konsultovati knjige poput ovih za njihovu ikonografiju bizantijskog evanđelja i glatko izvedenog stila draperije i slikanja dijelova golog tijela. Osim evanđelja, rađene su nove verzije već postojećih rukopisa. Ova kombinacija koegzistiranja tradicije i inovacije određena je pravoslavnim stavom o religioznim slikama: upotreba slika je bila opravdana autoritetom tradicije koja potječe iz apostolskih vremena, ali je novotarija sama po sebi (grčki: "kainotomija") osuđena kao heretička. Ovo se odnosi i na većinu bizantijske umjetnosti koja je rađena prema vrlo zahtjevnim parametrima.<ref name="BFP"/> Paleološki iluminatori, poput monumentalnih slikara, stvarali su dramatična i emocionalna djela koja nude stepen naturalizma nepoznat u ranijoj bizantijskoj umjetnosti. Time su postavili temelje za kasnije slikarstvo u Grčkoj, na Balkanu i u Rusiji.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/illuminatedmanuscripts|title= ''Byzantine Art and Architecture''|work= libguides.ku.edu.tr|access-date= 4. 1. 2022}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija iluminacije"> Datoteka::John VI Kantakouzenos.jpg|Ivan VI Kantakuzen na saboru u Carigradu 1351. Datoteka:Crossing_of_the_Red_Sea_by_the_Jews,_Byzantine_illuminated_manuscript.jpg|Prelazak Jevreja preko Crvenog mora, bizantijski rukopis iz 13. vijeka, Nacionalna biblioteka Rusije Datoteka:Denis l'Aréopagite - Louvre MR416.jpg|Portret Dionizija Areopagita iz iluminirane knjige, početak 15. vijeka Datoteka:Manuel II Paleologus.jpg|Manuel II. Paleolog, bizantijski car od 1391. do smrti 1425. Datoteka:MichaelOfTverRGB173Fol17v.jpg|Iluminacija iz hronike Georgija Hamartola, 13 - 14. vijek, [[Nacionalna biblioteka Rusije]] Datoteka:Bodleian_Library_MS._Gr._th._f._1_3v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 1v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 4v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 54v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 2v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Alexander poisoned Hellenic Institute codex 5.JPG|Priča o Aleksandru Velikom, bizantijska iluminacija iz 14. vijeka, (''Kodeks Helenskog instituta 5. tom str. 193'') Datoteka:Jews Byzantine Greek Alexander Manuscript (cropped).JPG|Priča o Aleksandru Velikom, bizantijska iluminacija iz 14. vijeka, (''Kodeks Helenskog instituta 5. tom str. 193'') Datoteka:Manuel II Helena sons.JPG|Car Manuel II i carica Helena sa sinovima, iluminacija iz knjige, [[tempera]] na [[pergament]]u </gallery> == Skulptura == [[Datoteka:0129 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Gothic arcosolium - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 2009.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Dijelovi [[arkosolijum]]a (niše iznad grobnica u kojima je sahranjena važna ličnost). Oni su bili izloženi u zidovima katakombi. [36]urađeni u [[Gotika|gotskom]] stilu tokom latinske vladavine u 13. vijeku, Bizantijski muzej u Atini.]] U kasnobizantijskom razdoblju, kao i u ranijim godinama carstva, središnja briga vjernika bilo je sjećanje na mrtve. Iako su tradicije obilježavanja sjeċanja na mrtve bile stare, njihov utjecaj na crkvenu umjetnost dramatično se povećao u posljednjim vijekovima postojanja carstva. Sve više su unutrašnjost crkvi, a često i njihov vanjski dio, bile predmet izgradnje grobnih spomenika. Usljed sve te ekonomske situacije uzrokovane gubitkom teritorija koje su zauzele krstaška i turska vojska kao i smanjenje broja bogatih donatora u katedralama i manastirima u gradovima i izvan gradova, došlo je do problema sa ispunjavanjem njihovih fiskalnih obaveza sa sve manjim prihodima. Zbog toga su donatori morali uložiti novac, kao i imovinu u zamjenu za pravo na takve obrede kao što je sahrana u crkvi ili izgradnja ukrasne grobnice. Oblik većine kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga znatno odstupa od tradicionalne, monolitne vrste kovčega s čvrstim kamenim tijelom i odvojenim poklopcem. Najčešća vrsta sarkofaga od 13. do 15. vijeka sastoji se od zasebnih kamenih ploča, od kojih su neke uzete sa ranijih spomenika i isklesane, a neke tek izvađene. Ikonografija kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga pokriva širok raspon motiva. Dekorativni elementi isklesani na zidovima i poklopcima kovčega, zajedno s pogrebnim natpisima, obuhvataju krstove, cvjetne i geometrijske oblike, poput isprepletenih medaljona, vinove loze i drveća. Tu su takoder i prikazi životinja, među kojima su mitski grifoni, lavovi i ptice (zajedno sa jednoglavim i dvoglavim orlovima), prikazani u scenama borbi ili kako stoje u profilu. Pored ovih tradicionalnih tema pojavljuje se i nova tema: ljudska figura, koja se na sarkofazima nije vidjela od ranobizantijskog razdoblja. Predstave ljudi, njihovi portreti pokojnika i svetaca, te Hrista i Bogorodice, ponovno se pojavljuju tokom tog razdoblja u nizu vrsta skulptura, posebno onih povezanih s grobnicom. Istaknutost ljudskog lika u bizantijskoj skulpturi između 13. i 15. vijeka ukazuju na trajno interesovanje bizantijskih skulptora za drevne oblike i stilove, nadahnute grčko-rimskim skulpturama sačuvanim na bizantijskim teritorijama. [[Datoteka:San Marco Venezia portale nord con Nativitá.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|[[Zabat]] na sjevernoj kapiji sa scenom [[Rođenje Isusa|Rođenja Isusa]], bazilika svetog Marka u Veneciji.]] Poznati njemački historičar umjetnosti [[Hans Belting]] sugerirao je da su bizantijski vajari koji su nakon 1261. i ponovnog osvajanja Konstantinopolja učestvovali u obnovi i restauraciji mnogih ranijih crkava i spomenika u tom gradu, crpili inspiraciju iz klasicističkih, figuralnih skulptura iz prvog zlatnog doba Bizantije. Najbolji primjer je izrezbareno postolje napravljeno približno 390. za cara [[Teodozije I Veliki|Teodozija I]] da ukrasi [[Teodozijev obelisk|obelisk]] faraona [[Tutmose III|Tutmosija III]] dovezen iz Egipta u Carigrad, gdje je još izložen na mjestu nekadašnjeg hipodroma. Treći utjecaj došao je iz [[Romanika|romaničke]] i [[Gotika|gotske]] skulptorske tradicije, novi stilovi koji su se razvili na latinskom Zapadu, a koje su donijeli krstaši na područja oko istočnog Mediterana tokom 11, 12. i 13. vijeka. Stoga se može reći da su uporište u dugogodišnjoj umjetničkoj tradiciji carstva, i kontakt s umjetničkim razvojem [[Zapadna Evropa|zapadne Evrope]] doprinijeli oživljavanju figuralnih slika u kasnobizantijskoj skulpturi, posebno kod pogrebnih spomenika. Važni primjeri kasnobizantijske figuralne skulpture sarkofaga sačuvani su u Carigradu, [[Ber]]i i [[Arta|arti]] u Grčkoj. Većinom su to horizontalne ploče koje su činile prednji dio sarkofaga. Na čeonom sarkofagu iz Carigrada predstavljena su dva anđela koji drže središnjji vijenac koji okružuje božićnu dekoraciju, a donji dio dekoracije je osnova ukrasno rezbarenim krstovima i svicima. Anđeli su uobičajena tema u kasnom bizantijskoj skulpturi. Ovo rezbarenje s izuzetnim uspjehom oponaša [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompoziciju]] i stil rezbarenja sarkofaga iz 4. vijeka, potvrđujući da su ranobizantijski modeli mogli poslužiti kao važni izvori kasnobizantijskim kiparima. Pripovijedani prizori povezani s Hristovom smrću i spasenjem bili su daljnji izvor nadahnuća za rezbare kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga. Ulomci koji su sačuvani u Beri izvorno su sačinjavali piramidalni poklopac sarkofaga sa prikazom scene Hristovog Uskrsnuca (Anastasis). Fragmentarni [[Reljef (skulptura)|reljefi]] pronađeni u [[Studijski manastir|Studijskom manastiru]] prikazuju Bogorodičino jadikovanje nad mrtvim tijelom Hristovim dok leži prije sahrane, što je tema nadahnuta [[Evanđelje|evanđeljima]]. Ova kao i druge teme iz evanđelja obilježene na sarkofazima, često su prikazivane na freskama i mozaicima koje okružuju kasnobizantske grobnice, tako da zidne slike ojačavaju i preslikavaju slike koje ukrašavaju sarkofage. [[Datoteka: 2098 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Latin marble arch, 13th cent. - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 20.jpg|thumb|250px|desno| Mramorni luk iz 13. vijeka sa figurama i natpisima na grčkom jeziku urađenim tokom latinske okupacije.]] Portret pokojnika bila je još jedna tema koja se koristila prilikom ukrašavanja sarkofaga. Fragmentarna ploča iz [[Manastir Lips (Carigrad)|manastira Lips]] u Carigradu čuva ostatke pogrebnog portreta Marije Paleologine. Jedino je sačuvan lik Marije vidljiv od struka prema dolje, gdje ona nosi monaški plašt preko dugačke tunike. Uvjerljiva rekonstrukcija cijele ploče koju je uradio Titos Papamastorakes ima središnji natpis s lijeva od Marije Paleologine. Sastavljena u pjesničkom metru i fino izrezbarena paleološkim pismom, na sarkofagu je molitveni natpis. Takvi su natpisi, koji svjedoče o svjetovnim i duhovnim dostignućima pokojnika, i moleći se u njegovo ili njeno ime, bili važan dio ukrasnog programa i često su se pojavljivali na sarkofazima ili skulpturama koje uokviruju grobnicu. U [[Arta, (Grčka)|Arti]], nekadašnjem sjedištu [[Epirska Despotovina|Epirske Despotovine]], jedini je sačuvani sarkofag iz kasnobizantijskog razdoblja s portretima bizantijske vladarske porodice, despotice Teodore supruge despota [[Mihael II Komnen Duka|Mihaela II Komnena Duke]] i dječaka Nikefora, vjerovatno njenog sina. Oboje su odjeveni u tradicionalnu carsku odjeću, s krunama urađenim u bizantijskom stilu, dugim [[tunika]]ma, [[kaftan]]ima i [[loros]]ima ukrašenim draguljima, pri čemu oboje drže carska žezla. Pored njih su, s obje strane, portretne biste anđela, koji također nose carska žezla. Dok je isklesani sarkofag mogao biti izložen neovisno o ravnom zidu crkve, u najsloženijim kasnobizantijskim grobnicama služio je kao središte mnogo većeg ukrasnog programa. U takvim pogrebnim cjelinama kiparski reljefi uokviruju trodimenzionalni prostor zaobljene niše (arkosolij), koji sadrži sarkofag. Arkosoliji se mogu pronaći u crkvama na cijelom području kasnobizantijske utjecajne sfere. Skulptura je bila najvažniji pojedinačni element koji je izdvajao arkosolijum iz njegovog okruženja, te osiguravao organizirani vizuelni fokus unutar arhitektonski složene i bogato oslikane kasnobizantijske crkve. Nasuprot glatkom zidu crkve prekrivenom šarenom freskom ili mozaikom, trodimenzionalne reljefne skulpture pružile su važnu vizuelnu pauzu. [[Datoteka:Kariye Muzesi (2681430083).jpg|thumb|350px|lijevo|Bogato izrezbareni [[Luk (arhitektura)|luk]] iznad jedne od pogrebnih niša u manastiru Hora.]] Dvije najupečatljivije rezbarene fasade kasnobizantijskog razdoblja još uokviruju grobne niše iz ranog 14. vijeka koje su dizajnirane u južnoj pogrebnoj kapeli [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]]. Jedan od ovih lijepo i gusto izrezbarenih mramornih ukrasa na sjevernom zidu ukrašava nišnu grobnicu [[Teodor Metohit|Teodora Metohita]], dok arkosolij na suprotnom zidu odaje počast visokom carskom dostojanstveniku Mihaelu Tornikesu, političkom savezniku Metohita. Tornikesova grobnica je jedini arkosolij na kojem je sačuvan izvorni pogrebni epigram, koji je historičar umjetnosti [[Ihor Ševčenko]] pripisao poznatom bizantijskom dvorskom pjesniku [[Manuel Fil|Manuelu Filu]] (1275–1335). Fasadni dizajn dvije niše je sličan. U svakoj od njih je središnji portret Hrista, koji blagosilja desnom rukom i sa svitkom u lijevoj ruci, a okružen je bistama [[Mihael (arhanđeo)|arhanđela Mihaela]] i [[Gabriel]]a u trouglastim prostorima ([[spandrel]]ima), koji su između vrha [[Luk (arhitektura)|luka]] i pravougaonog okvira. Bujne vinove loze koje izviru iz [[Rog izobilja|simbola izobilja]] okružuju ove figure. Kao i u mnogim takvim grobovima, Hristov lik često se koristi na izvajanoj fasadi, na sarkofagu i naslikan je na stražnjem zidu niše, naglašavajući različite aspekte Hrista, a posebno njegovu ulogu sudije i spasitelja čovječanstva. Ove dvije fasade grobnica također su karakteristične po tragovima polihromiranih [[Pigment (materijal)|pigmenata]] koje čuvaju. Na temelju njih i mnogih drugih kasnobizantijskih umjetničkih djela, može se zaključiti da je bojenje, pa čak i pozlata mramornih rezbarija bila raširena praksa u to vrijeme. Ova praksa objedinjavanja upotrebe boje i pozlate uočljiva je i u srednjem bizantijskom periodu. Stilske karakteristike kasnobizantijske skulpture, reljefne skulpture, kreću se u rasponu od vrlo plitkih do izuzetno visokih. Razne vrste apstrakcija i naturalizma koegzistiraju, iako ukupne [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicije]] životinjskih, cvjetnih, biljnih i geometrijskih motiva odlikuju veća zamršenost i osjećaj uzorka u cjelokupnoj kompoziciji, dok detalji u skulpturama mogu prilično težiti ka naturalizmu. Reljefi koji predstavljaju ljudski lik obično nalikuju paralelnim slikama u monumentalnom i minijaturnom slikarstvu. U poređenju sa srednjobizantijskim skulpturama postoji i snažan impuls ka naturalističkom, trodimenzionalnom prikazivanju ljudskog tijela. Konstantinopoljska figuralna skulptura iz 13. i 14. vijeka teži elementima apstrakcije: izdužena lica, okrugle, pune obrve naglašenih očiju i teški kapci. Tako se zajednički umjetnički ukus često pojavljuje u skulpturalnoj i slikarskoj umjetnosti u Konstantinopolju kao i mnogim područjima kasnobizantijske sfere utjecaja. U vremenu između oslobođenja Konstantinopolja od latinske okupacije 1261. do njegovog ponovnog pada u ruke [[Osmanlijsko Carstvo|Osmanlija]] 1453. izrada netradicionalnih oblika skulpture počela je oživljavati. Tokom paleološke renesanse, umjetnost izrade umjetničkih djela od [[Slonovača|slonovače]] koja je bila tipična za [[Makedonska umjetnost (bizantijska)|makedonsko]] i [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|komnensko doba]] doživjela je veliki pad zbog nedovoljnog uvoza bjelokosti iz [[Afrika|Afrike]] i [[Azija|Azije]]. Nastavljeno je sa izradom malih gravura na nakitu - privjesci, relikvijari ([[Enkolpija|enkolpije]]) i kameje, koje su bile ukrašene raznim motivima, najčešće hrišćanskim simbolima (anđeli, sveci, krstovi).<ref name="BFP"/> == Primijenjena umjetnost == === Okviri za ikone urađeni od plemenitih metala === [[Datoteka: Panagia Paramythia Icon from Vatopedi Monastery 14th Century.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Ikona Bogorodice Paramythia sa okvirom ukrašenim srebrom i zlatnim medaljonima, 14. vijek, manastir Vatopedi, Sveta gora.]] Bizantijski običaj da se ikona slikana na kanvasu ili jedan njen dio prekrije ukrasom od plemenitog metala, oplemenjenog [[emajl]]om, biserima ili dragim kamenjem, doživio je veliki procvat pod dinastijom Paleologa počevsi od 13. vijeka. Ova vrsta umjetnosti širila se izvan sve manjih granica bizantijske države na cijeli pravoslavni svijet. Sudeći prema sačuvanim primjercima, ikone sa zlatnim i srebrnim ukrasnim okvirima svjedočanstvo su bizantijske pobožnosti, koja je nadahnula vješte zlatare, a pritom je preusmjerila važan dio raspoloživog bogatstva carstva. U vrijeme sve većih ekonomskih poteškoća i opadanja carstva, klima nije bila pogodna za izradu luksuznih predmeta. Međutim, zlatni i srebrni ukrasni okviri za ikone pružaju bizantijskoj umjetnosti neka od njenih zadnjih remek-djela. Interesovanje za ikone ukrašene plemenitim metalima postojao je širom carstva, kao i na [[Balkan]]u, što je dovelo do velikog broja ovako izradenih ikona. U tom razvoju ulogu je vjerovatno odigrao ukus za reljefnu skulpturu, karakterističnu za kasnobizantijsku renesansu, kao i vjerovatno korištenje finih metalnih listova ili tankih [[filgran]]a koji su bili relativno jeftiniji. Interes za plemenite metale postojao je širom [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]], kao i na Balkanu. Izuzetni primjeri mogu se vidjeti u manastirima na Svetoj gori, ohridskim ikonama koje su sada ponovo objedinjene u Muzeju umjetnosti Makedonije u Skoplju i ikonama sačuvanim u [[Bugarska|Bugarskoj]], posebno u [[Manastir Rožen|manastirima Rožen]] i [[Manastir Bačkovo|Bačkovo]]. Sudeći prema materijalu u arhivima manastira na Svetoj gori, ukrasi za ikone od plemenitih metala bili su među omiljenim oblicima doniranja tokom 14. vijeka. Posljednja oporuka bizantijskog dvorskog zvaničnika ([[skouterios]]a) Teodora Sarantenosa iz 1325. u Beri, u kojoj je naveden podatak o poklonjenim ikonama sa ukrasima od plemenitih metala manastiru Vatoped. Slično tome, arhivski zapisi o prijenosu ikona u [[Velika Lavra|Veliku Lavru]] 1375. iz crkve Bogorodice Gavaliotise u [[Edesa (Grčka)|Edesi]] u [[Epir]]u, koju je između 1360. i 1367. osnovao despot Toma Preljubović, pokazuju da su sve ikone osim jedne, on, njegova supruga i drugi pojedinci koji su poklanjali crkvi imali ukrasne oplate od plemenitih metala. Konvenciju dodavanja oplate od plemenitih metala na ikone nije prekinulo ekonomsko opadanje carstva ni turska balkanska osvajanja, nego je čak doživjela procvat krajem 16. vijeka. Ponuditi ikone sa ukrasnom oplatom od plemenitih metala je prije svega jednako izvođenju čina pobožnosti, a ta tradicija se još održava. Sačuvan je veliki broj ovakvih ikona u manastirima na Svetoj gori, [[Meteora|Meteori]], te crkvama u mnogim dijelovima Balkana i Grčke. Čak su i predmeti namijenjeni privatnoj pobožnosti bili ukrašeni zlatom i srebrom, dragim kamenjem, biserima, kao u slučaju dvije male ikone Bogorodice Chalkoprateia,koje se danas čuvaju u riznici [[Bazilika svetog Marka|bazilike svetog Marka]] u [[Venecija|Veneciji]]. Upotreba plemenitih metala materijalizuje kratku molitvu, jer proizilazi iz pojedinačnih ili kolektivnih molitvenih natpisa koje mnoge ukrasne oplate na ikonama sadrže. Nije neobično pronaći slike mecena u molitvenoj pozi na dnu okvira ikone. Na gornjem dijelu okvira često su prikazi scene [[Deisis]]a (izraz univerzalne molitve) ili simbol predstojećeg [[Sudnji dan (islam)|Sudnjeg dana]] (grčki: hetoimasija), uz koje se vezuje promjenjiv broj svetaca prikazanih na okviru ikone. [[Datoteka: Holy Face - Genoa.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Ikona Svetog Lica ([[mandilion]]) iz Edesse, tempera na panelu sa posrebrenom ukrasnom oplatom, druga polovina 14. vijeka, crkva svetog Bartolomeja Armenca u Genovi, Italija.]] Ponekad su Veliki praznici predstavljeni na malim ukrasnim pločama oko središnje slike, i sa porukom spasenja kroz božansko posredovanje. Na nekim ikonama uočljivo je kombiniranje tema na istom okviru. Ova ikonografija nije bila nova, a scena Deisisa se već pojavljivala na okviru ikone svetog Ivana Bogoslova na ostrvu [[Patmos]]. Na ukrasnim oplatama oko lika Bogorodice povremeno su scene iz njenog života. Cvjetni motivi urađeni su u ''[[repoussé]]'' tehnici u emajlu ili finom filigranu, koji daje živost kod uljepšavanja pozadine i okvira ikone ili je njihov jedini ukras. Ovi ukrasi podsjećaju na raskoš rajskih vrtova opisanih u [[Poezija|poeziji]] bizantijskog pjesnika iz 14. vijeka Manuela Philesa u kojoj se opisuju ikone sa ukrasima od plemenitih metala, dragulja i drugih ukrasnih materijala. Ovakva dekoracija nastala je iz duge tradicije u bizantijskoj umjetnosti, a jedan od dobrih primjera iz ovog perioda je okvir na naslikanoj ikoni Svetog Lica u crkvi svetog Bartolomeja Armenca u [[Genova|Genovi]] (slika lijevo). Ova naslikana ikona Svetog Lica ([[mandilion]]) iz Edesse okružena je sa deset malih ploča koje oslikavaju historiju relikvije i vjerniku daju osjećaj njene autentičnosti. Tačan datum izrade određen je za veoma mali broj ukrasnih okvira za ikone, a istovremeno ih je veoma teško klasificirati. Interes za ukrasne okvire od plemenitih metala nakon 1204. također je vidljiv na grčkoj teritoriji pod latinskom okupacijom, na ostrvima kao što su Kipar, Krit i Rodos, gdje se bizantijsko naslijeđe susrelo s drugim utjecajima. Na Kipru su ikone sa okvirima od plemenitih metala radene jos od 12. vijeka. Pritom su stvarani niskoreljefni radovi uz upotrebu [[gesso]] (mješavina bijele boje koja se sastoji od veziva pomiješanog s kredom, gipsom, pigmentom ili bilo kojom njihovom kombinacijom) imitacija pozadine i oreola na ikonama koje su nastale tamo. Na nekim ikonama iz 14. vijeka sa područja Jadrana i sjeverne Grčke korišten je isti niskoreljefni gesso ukras. Ova tehnika ukrašavanja ikona koja je pronađena u 13. vijeku, a njena upotreba seže čak do [[Sveta zemlja|Svete zemlje]] i planine [[Sinaj]]. U to vrijeme gesso tehnika ukrašavanja ikona koristila se i u italijanskim djelima, što ukazuje na recipročne razmjene između italijanske i bizantijske umjetnosti u ovim područjima od 13. vijeka pa nadalje. Širenje umjetnosti ukrašavanja ikona sa okvirima od plemenitih metala zahvatilo je cijeli pravoslavni svijet, među kojima i područja [[Kavkaz]]a i [[Rusija|Rusije]]. Ova vrsta bizantijske umjetnosti bila je zastupljena i na Zapadu, gdje će u 17. vijeku doći do ponovnog oživljavanja interesa za bizantijske ikone tokom katoličke [[Protivreformacija|protivreformacije]] i potrage za najautentičnijim religijskim slikama te interesom za istočnu hrišćansku tradiciju.<ref name="BFP"/> === Liturgijski pribor === Zahtjevi [[Bogoslužje|liturgije]] nisu se znatno promijenili u kasnobizantijskom periodu, pa su sveti predmeti zadržali osnovne oblike koje zahtijeva liturgijska praksa, simbolički i ideološki sadržaj božanske [[Euharistija|euharistije]]. Za razliku od srednjeg bizantijskog perioda, primjeri dragocjenog crkvenog [[Srebro|srebrnog]] pribora iz kasnog razdoblja ograničeni su količinski. Nedostatak srebrnih i [[Zlato|zlatnih]] predmeta, vjerskih i svjetovnih, može se pripisati nedostatku sirovina u to vrijeme, drugi razlozi su: srebro nije kovano u kasnobizantijskom carstvu, stalne ekonomske i političke krize, posljedica građanskih ratova, smanjenja carstva i osmanlijska osvajanja. Carske kovanice mogu se smatrati pravim ogledalom tog vremena: obezvrijeđene, bez umjetničkih vrijednosti i izrađene od [[legura]] sa niskim sadržajem plemenitih metala. Zbog ovog nedostatka plemenitih metala mnogi dragocjeni predmeti su istopljeni i reciklirani kako bi se zadovoljili zahtjevi države za novcem. U historijskim izvorima navodi se da su [[Aristokratija|aristokrati]] iz kasnobizantijskog društva nagomilali svoje bogatstvo u vidu zlatnih i srebrnih predmeta te su obdarili monaške i crkvene fondacije skupocjenim liturgijskim posudama. Najpoznatiji mecena bio je [[Ivan VI Kantakuzen]], koji je posjedovao velike kolicine zlata i srebre. Gubitak najvećeg broja kasnobizantijskih liturgijskih pomagala, djelomično je nadoknađen slikanim prikazima liturgijskih obreda u svetištu i na [[kupola]]ma crkava, koje su u ovom razdoblju obilovale liturgijskim temama. Kasnobizantijski liturgijski predmeti uglavnom su u manastirskim riznicama, a sačuvani primjeri spadaju u dvije glavne kategorije: one koji zadržavaju i razvijaju srednjobizantijske oblike i one sa očiglednim zapadnjačkim izgledom. Iz druge grupe izdvaja se jedina grupa sačuvanog liturgijskog posuđa ([[Latinski jezik|latinski]]: [[vasa sacra]]) sa [[kalež]]ima despota Moreje [[Manuel Kantakuzen|Manuela Kantakuzena]], te srpskog despota [[Janjina (Grčka)|Janjine]] [[Toma Preljubović|Tome Preljubovića]]. Ovi dragocjeni liturgijski predmeti čuvaju se danas u manastirima [[Vatopedi]] i [[Manastir Velika Lavra|Velika Lavra]] na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]]. U manastiru Vatopedi danas se čuva i ispisani asterisk na čijem je vrhu golub. Zajedno s asteriskom iz [[Sionsko blago|Sionskog blaga]], koji potječe iz 6. vijeka, jedini su sačuvani primjeri iz bizantijskih vremena. Prisustvo umjetničkih predmeta urađenih u zapadnom stilu u kasnobizantijskom društvu posvjedočeno je i u pisanim izvorima i zidnim slikama. Tipični gotički oblici pojavljuju se u slikarstvu prije sredine 14. vijeka na predmetima poput kadionica s malim gotičkim tornjevima i nožnih ovalnih posuda s ukrasnim krugovima u dnu. Inventar iz 1396. u katedrali [[Aja Sofija]] u Konstantinopolju registruje četiri para svijećnjaka (kandelabra), od kojih je jedan venecijanski, izrađen od srebrne pozlate. Zapadni oblici na izrađenim predmetima i gotička praksa pričvršćivanja na glavnu osnovu zasebnog diska (poznatog kao pinta) koji je često bio [[emajl]]iran i ukrašen prikazima stvarnih i fantastičnih životinja. Direktno prisvajanje i usvajanje italijanskih umjetničkih oblika bilo je za očekivati ​​samo u drugoj polovini 14. vijeka, u periodu kada je i u drugim oblastima (poput privrede) Bizant služio kao zaleđe za italijansko tržište i kao potrošač zapadnih, a posebno venecijanskih proizvoda. Venecija je u to vrijeme pretekla Carigrad u izvozu prestižnih luksuznih predmeta kao i u umjetničkim inovacijama. Dominacija italijanskih modela bio je proces u kojem je važnu ulogu igrala mreža italijanskih kolonija i trgovaca. Liturgijski predmeti su uvezeni za upotrebu u latinskim crkvama, a izrađivali su se i u srebrnarskim radionicama venecijanskih kolonija, poput onih koje su postojale u Konstantinopolju, a posvjedočene su u Skutarima (današnji [[Üsküdar]] u [[Istanbul]]u), Raguzi ([[Dubrovačka Republika]]), i Candii ([[Heraklion]]), rodnom gradu kretskih zlatara koji su zabilježeni u dubrovačkoj arhivi iz 1360-ih. Ti bogoslužbeni predmeti nisu samo primjeri luksuznih trgovačkih proizvoda koji su kružili područjem istočnog Mediterana, nego su i indikativni primjeri ukusa i orijentacije vladajuće klase u bizantijskom društvu. To je imalo za posljedicu prevazilaženje konvencionalnih granica historijskih epoha, kao u slučaju nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja, pri čemu je kod crkvenog srebra uočljivo prisvajanje zapadnih stilova izrade i paralelno pridržavanje bizantijske ili bizantinirane ikonografije. Drugi sačuvani primjeri kasnobizantijskih liturgijskih predmeta su korice [[Evanđelje|evanđelja]], procesijski krstovi, ripidije ili flabele, naprave za rasvjetu i [[Kadionica|kadionice]]. Jak zapadni utjecaj prilikom izrade ovhm predmeta, ili izostaje ili je asimiliran u bizantijsku tradiciju, što je vidljivo u njihovoj ikonografiji i obliku. Posrebrene korice lekcionara evanđelja spadaju u posebnu kategoriju medu liturgijskim predmetima. Posrebrene korice evanđelja izrađuju se iz jednog komada metala ili se sastoje od metalnih okvira različitih oblika čija je terminologija poznata iz srednjobizantijskih manastirskih inventara. Okviri su bili prikovani za kožni ili platneni povez, kao u slučaju crvenog i zlatnog tkanog tekstila na evanđelju koje je [[Marija Paleologina Kantakuzena|Marija Komnen Paleologina]] predstavila Bogorodici iz [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]] opisanog u pjesmi pripisanoj bizantijskom pjesniku [[Manuel Files|Manuelu Filesu]]. Gamata ili gamatia (ugaoni dijelovi u obliku grčkog slova gama) bili su omiljeni oblik ukrašavanja za četvorougaone površine, dok su mali kružni pričvršćivaći (boulai i amigdalije) imali praktičnu upotrebu u zaštiti kožnih poveza budući da su knjige bile odlagane vodoravno na policama. Ikonografija korica knjige usko je povezana s ikonografijom ilustracija na početku teksta iz knjige, slijedeći tradiciju započetu u [[Kasna antika|kasnoj antici]]. Medutim, kasnobizantijske ukrasne korice urađene iz jednog dijela upečatljivo podsjećaju na prijenosne ikone, na čijim se srebrnim oblogama medaljoni s poprsjima svetaca i/ili plakete sa scenama iz [[Dvanaest velikih praznika]] (''dodekaortona''), raspoređenih u hijerarhijskom redu vezanom za ikonografiju svetišta i crkvenih prostora koja ih okružuju. Pomak ka modelu preuzetom od zidnog slikarstva pratio je opadanje rukopisnih minijatura od 12. vijeka nadalje i rast važnosti slikarstva u formuliranju liturgijskih tema, koje su se sa sve većim naglaskom upotrebljavale za ukrašavanje crkava. Tipični srednjobizantijski procesijski krstovi s metalnom jezgrom i trapezoidnim krakovima koji se završavaju prepoznatljivom ornamentacijom sačuvani su u [[Gruzija|Gruziji]], [[Anadolija|Maloj Aziji]] i egejskim ostrvima sve do 17. vijeka. Potonji su grubo pečatirani i jasno predstavljaju kraj jedne umjetničke tradicije. Najraniji poznati procesijski krstovi u italijanskom stilu potječu iz 15. i 16. vijeka i imaju krakove koji se završavaju sa tri ili četiri režnja i drvenim umjesto metalnim jezgrom. U kasnobizantijskom zidnom slikarstvu preovlađuju krstovi [[Golgota|golgotskog]] tipa sa dva ili tri vodoravna kraka. Gornji krak predstavlja produžetak titulusa (natpisa pribijenog iznad Hristove glave), dok je u ovom kasnijem periodu treći krak sve više ispod, postavljen ravno ili ukošen, što vuče korijene iz oslonca za noge. Ovakva vrsta krstova može se vidjeti u manastirima Vatoped, Protaton i Dionizije na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]] kao i Lefkara na [[Kipar|Kipru]]. Medutim, nisu se koristili za vjerske procesije nego su postavljani na oltar i proskinetarion, stalak ugrađen u hram. [[Ripidija|Ripidije]] su liturgijske lepeze sa simboličnim prikazima četvorolikih [[heruvim]]a koji lete oko Božijeg prijestolja, a mogu se vidjeti na zidnom slikarstvu iz ovog kasnog bizantijskog perioda. Drugi liturgijski pribor neophodan za bogosluženje u bizantijskim crkvama bile su kadionice i naprave za rasvjetu, koje su sačuvane iz kasnobizantijskog perioda u obliku predmeta urađenih od [[legura]] [[Bakar|bakra]]. Najčešće vrste su livene katzije (uspravne kadionice) sa drškom ukrašenom ponavljajućim prikazima stilizovanih lisnatih motiva, te pticama ili životinjama. Poznati su na osnovu nekoliko primjera, jednog otkopanog iz grobnice u Mistri i drugi na [[Kosovo|Kosovu]], kao i drugi koji se danas čuvaju u muzejima i manastirskim riznicama. Tehnika livenja metala i ukrasni prikazi životinja i ptica povezuju ove katzije sa bizantijskim sredstvima za rasvjetu kao što su lusteri, te kandilo u [[Manastir Visoki Dečani|manastiru Visoki Dečani]] i polikandela (viseći držač za uljanice) u Muzeju Metsovo u sjevernoj Grčkoj.<ref name="BFP"/> === Liturgijski i sekularni tekstil === [[Datoteka:Altar Cloth or Podea MET DP121990.jpg|thumb|300px|desno|Oltarsko platno urađeno od vezene svile, kasni 14. vijek, [[Metropolitan (muzej)|Metropolitan muzej]].]] Konstantinopolj, koji je bio na raskršću puteva između [[Bliski istok|Bliskog istoka]], [[Azija|Azije]] i [[Evropa|Evrope]], bio je središte jedne od najopsežnijih trgovačkih mreža na svijetu, upravo zahvaljujući tako povoljnom geostrateškom položaju. Bizantinci iz Konstantinopolja postali su izuzetno bogati i oblačili su se tako da pokažu svoj status i uspjeh. Posjetioci su često komentarisali odjeću rađenu od najfinije svile, koju je nosilo stanovništvo ovog grada. Tekstilna umjetnost bila je jedan od najcjenjenijih zanata u Bizantijskom Carstvu, a smatrana je visokom umjetnošću, baš kao i slikarstvo, skulptura i arhitektura. Mnogi sačuvani primjerci bizantijskog tekstila slijedili su standarde koje je postavila bizantijska crkva (koja će kasnije postati Grčka pravoslavna crkva) za kontrolu nad drugim vrstama umjetnosti. Većim dijelom sačuvani primjerci tekstila odnose se na one koje je Crkva koristila za posebne prilike, u odnosu na manji broj primjeraka koji su korišteni u svakodnevne svrhe. <ref name="ABAT">{{Cite web|url= https://nazmiyalantiquerugs.com/blog/antique-byzantine-art-textiles/|title= ''Antique Byzantine Art: Textiles''|work= nazmiyalantiquerugs.com|access-date= 20. 1. 2022}}</ref> Bizantijski tekstil uglavnom je bio izrađivan od [[lan]]a, [[Vuna|vune]] i [[Svila|svile]], dok se [[pamuk]] rjeđe spominje u pisanim izvorima. Proizvodio se u državnim tkaonicama, privatnim radionicama i individualnim domaćinstvima, u zavisnosti od vrste, kvaliteta i upotrebe. [[Aleksandrija]] (i [[Egipat]] općenito) i [[Sirija]] bili su posebno istaknuti po proizvodnji tekstila prije nego što su pali pod vlast [[Arapi|Arapa]] u 7. vijeku. Poznato je da su Solun, Korint, Teba i Atina imali važne radionice za tkanje tekstila (posebno svile) između 10. i 12. vijeka. U pisanim izvorima zabilježen je veliki izbor tekstila, gdje se pored najcjenjenije svile i purpurno obojenog sukna, spominju domaća vunena, gruba i fina lanena sukna. Obične tunike i ogrtači izrađivali su se od obične lanene, vunene ili pamučne tkanine, dok je svila, često pletena zlatnim nitima, bila nošnja careva, carskog doma i dvorskih službenika. Zavjese za krevete i prozore, te tepihe izvedeni u različitim materijalima i tehnikama bili su redovna komponenta domaće i službene arhitekture, kako svjetovne tako i vjerske. Dobar primjer su zavjese koje su ispunjavale prostore između [[stub]]ova u mozaicima u bazilici [[Teodorik Veliki|Teodorika Velikog]] u [[Sant' Apollinare Nuovo]] u italijanskom gradu [[Ravenna|Ravenni]]. Važnost tekstila u arhitektonskom kontekstu otkriva se u beskonačnom otvaranju i zatvaranju zavjesa oko cara i carske palate kako je zabilježeno u knjizi [[De ceremoniis]] o ceremonijalnom protokolu na dvoru bizantijskih careva u Konstantinopolju. Zavjese su imale više čisto dekorativnu ulogu, a često su bile izvedene u tehnici tapiserija, posebno pogodnih za portretiranje figuralnih subjekata, kako svjetovnih tako i religioznih. Svilena tapiserija koja prikazuje trijumfalnog cara u Bambergu rijedak je kasniji primjerak ovih tkanja (početak 11. vijeka).<ref name="BT">{{Cite web|url= https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/byzantinetextile|title= ''Byzantine Textile''|work= libguides.ku.tr|access-date= 13. 1. 2022}}</ref> Ćilimi koji su krasili palate i domove ljudi služili su za pokazivanje statusa i bogatstva. Važna je i izrada bizantijskih tepiha, koji pokazuju slične dizajne i boje kao i islamski ćilimi tog vremena. Na osnovu izučavanja slikovnih prikaza bizantolozi su uočili da je bizantijski umjetnički tekstil bio rađen u jarkim živim bojama, sa sklonošću prema [[Crvena|crvenoj]] i [[Plava|plavoj]] koje su bile preovladavajuće (baš kao i danas), a također su korištene svijetle [[Narančasta|narančaste]] i ljubičaste boje. Ovi primjerci pokazuju visoko razvijenu kontrolu procesa i postupaka bojenja. U to vrijeme, sve ove briljantne boje bile su stvarane samo pomoću biljnih boja. Na ivičnom dizajnu bizantijskih prostirki obično su bili prikazi cvjetova, biljnih motiva, vinove loze i lišća. U središnjem dijelu ovih tepiha često su predstavljani ljudi i događaji. Ponekad su ovi ćilimi bivali okačeni na zidove i korišteni kao tapiserije za dekoraciju i izolaciju. Ova veoma kvalitetna djela bizantijske umjetnosti pokazuju stručno znanje i umijeće tkalaca, koji su često spajali vunene, pamučne, svilene i zlatne niti u jedan komad. Korijene islamskog i perzijskog dizajna mogu se pronaći u obrubama i šarama bizantijskih tepiha.<ref name="ABAT"/> Izrada bizantijskog tekstila ne prestaje čak ni tokom latinske okupacije Konstantinopolja između 1204 - 61, samo što su radionice za njihovu izradu jednostavno premještene u [[Nikeja|Nikeju]] i druge gradove pod kontrolom carstva, gdje je nastavljeno sa njihovom proizvodnjom.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.austriaca.at/0xc1aa5576_0x00178c52.pdf|title= ''Textiles and Dress in Byzantium''|work= austriaka.at|access-date= 14. 1. 2022}}</ref> U bizantijskoj kulturi, pravila pravilnog odijevanja bila su vrlo važna u svim oblicima društvenih aktivnosti, među kojima su najvažnije bile carske ceremonije i crkveni rituali. Odjeća se uvelike koristila za pokazivanje hijerarhijskih odnosa moći i simboličkih asocijacija na božansko i sveto, što je uveliko potvrđeno tekstualnim i vizualnim izvorima. Upotreba bizantijskog tekstila bila je posebno važna za ukrašavanje gradova prilikom carskih posjeta. Na ovaj način, carska moć i kontrola davali su posebno obilježje gradu prilikom carske posjete zbog svoje materijalne prirode, specifičnog vremenskog prikaza i posebne ikonografije, pri čemu su ovi tekstili posredovali u konceptima centralnim za carsku [[Ideologija|ideologiju]]. Ova dinamična sposobnost bizantijskog tekstila da djeluje kao posrednik između različitih društvenih aktera u složenim političkim kontekstima također je evidentna u onome što profesorica sa [[Univerzitet u Cambridgeu|Univerziteta u Cambridgeu]] Ana Maria Muthesius naziva "svilenom diplomatijom". Kao dragocjeni diplomatski darovi, [[bizantijska svila]] imala je jasnu i učinkovitu posredničku ulogu upravo zato što je kao tekstil bila prenosiva i prilagodljiva, utjelovljavala je bizantijske društvene i kulturne vrijednosti kroz svoj dragocjeni materijal, kvalitet, ikonografiju i prestiž. Time je bizantijska svila djelovala kao kulturni i politički ambasador, djelujući kao višestruki i dinamični pokretač kontakta i razmjene. Važan primjer živog prisustva tkanina u bizantijskoj kulturi i bogatog bizantijskog iskustva s tekstilom i kroz tekstil jest istaknuta upotreba šatora. Šatori su se uglavnom koristili u vojnim pohodima, lovačkim ekspedicijama i svečanim prilikama, a bili su vrlo cijenjeni zbog sigurnosti, mobilnosti i širokih mogućnosti za pokazivanje visokog statusa njihovog vlasnika. Šatori su bili prostori za kontakte i diplomatske sastanke, a sami su nuđeni i kao diplomatski pokloni. Strani posjetioci i državnici hvalili su njihovu višestruku upotrebu i kvalitet materijala, čineći bizantijske tkanine moćnim kulturnim posrednicima.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.doaks.org/resources/textiles/essays/evangelatou|title= ''Textile Mediation in Late Byzantine Visual Culture: Unveiling Layers of Meaning through the Fabrics of the Chora Monastery''|work= doaks.org|access-date= 7. 1. 2022}}</ref> Trgovina bizantijskim tekstilom odvijala se ne samo sa evropskim vladarima, nego su trgovina i diplomatski pokloni bili veoma rašireni i sa islamskim vladarima. Ovi luksuzni predmeti bili su jedna od važnih tačaka u razmjeni darova između bizantijskih i islamskih dvorova, koji istovremeno artikulišu dinamiku moći između davaoca i primaoca kroz simbole odražavajući obostrano priznate simbole kraljevske vlasti. Postoje dvije važne vrste ukrasa koji nam govore o tome kako je hijerarhija između islamskog i bizantijskog dvora uspostavljana kroz društveno značenje, a to su: sedlo antičkog kralja [[Aleksandar Veliki|Aleksandra Velikog]] i prsluk ukrašen pečatom [[Stari zavjet|starozavjetnog]] [[Solomon|kralja Solomona]]. Ove ličnosti su prihvatljive i kao simbol uspješne vladavine. Zbog takve istovjetnosti, bizantolozi [[Robin Cormack]] i [[Alice Walker]] smatraju da su diplomatske razmjene poklona između ove dvije različite vjerske i političke sile tog doba pokazatelj njihovog prijateljstva. Istovremeno, ova vrsta umjetnosti djeluje kao zajednički simbolički jezik u diplomatskim odnosima, pri čemu se tekstilni proizvodi mogu tumačiti kao predstavljanje prepoznatljive simboličke i ekonomske moći vladara. Nisu samo figuralni motivi korišteni kao obrazac pri izradi bizantijske svile koja je bila poslata na poklon islamskim dvorovima. Prikazi bizantijskih careva u lovu i njihove jahačke pratnje predstavljaju sliku snage i hrabrosti vladara, dok cvijeće i drveće predstavljaju slike rajskih vrtova, miroljubivi lavovi i orlovi carsku moć, a paunovi i slonovi egzotične figure. Slike novijih vladara također su korištene kao ukras poput motiva starih dobrih kraljeva. Naprimjer, poklon koji je kralj [[Roman I Lakapin]] poslao [[Abasidi|abasidskom]] halifi [[Al-Radi]]ju bio je ukrašen predstavom jahaćeg kralja sa zastavom u ruci, kao i ogrtač grimizne boje na kojem je prikaz figure jahaćeg kralja. Ovim svilenim tkaninama ne samo da se propagira moć bizantijskih careva, već i namjera o uspostavljanju mirnog političkog i vojnog saveza sa abasidskim halifama. Druga važna tačka za tekstilni poklon jest njihova boja.<ref name="BT"/> Prema tekstu iz 11. vijeka pod nazivom [[Knjiga poklona i rariteta|Knjige poklona i rariteta]] (arapski: Kitāb al-Hadāyā wa al-Tuḥaf)<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/673076.Book_of_Gifts_and_Rarities_Kit_b_Al_Had_y_Wa_Al_Tu_af_|title= ''Book of Gifts and Rarities (Kitāb Al-Hadāyā Wa Al-Tuḥaf): Selections Compiled in the Fifteenth Century from an Eleventh-Century Manuscript on Gifts and Treasures''|work= goodreads.com|access-date= 17. 1. 2022}}</ref>, napisano je da su mnogi ogrtači [[Ljubičasta|ljubičaste]] i [[Crvena|crveno]] ljubičaste boje bili poslani abasidskom halifi Al-Radiju. S druge strane, crvene i ljubičaste boje tekstila bile su regulisane u Bizantijskom Carstvu. Posebno se to odnosi na ljubičastu, koju je još [[Julije Cezar|Gaj Julije Cezar]] ustanovio kao carsku boju za tekstil i imala je drugačiji status na carskom dvoru od ostalih. Veoma malo zna o umjetnicima i radionicama u kojima je proizveden tekstil iz kasnog bizantijskog perioda.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.academia.edu/29360se 626/Byzantine_Textile_As_A_Communication_Way_In_Diplomacy|title= ''Byzantine Textile: As A Communication Way In Diplomacy''|work= academia.edu|access-date= 14. 1. 2022}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Gold-thread embroidered Aer, a liturgical cloth used to cover the vessels of the Eucharist - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Zlatnim nitima izvezeno liturgijsko platno ([[aer]]) urađeno krajem 13. vijeka, kojim se pokrivalo euharistijsko posuđe, visina 52 cm, širina 65 cm, [[Benaki muzej]], [[Atina]].]] Posebnu kategoriju čine tekstili koji su bili razvijani u službi crkvenog obreda, gdje su vremenom različiti oltarni pokrovi i druge liturgijske tkanine kao što su [[aer]], [[antimins]], [[eiliton]] i [[endit]] dobijali prepoznatljive oblike i posebnu dekoraciju. Velovi za [[kalež]]e i [[paten]]e (grčki: poterokalymma, diskokalymma) poznati su kao "mali aer". Veliki veo koji ih je oboje pokrivao zove se "veliki aer". Bizantijski teolozi su ritual prinošenja hljeba i vina na oltarski stol i prekrivanje aerom tumačili kao simbol Hristovog sahranjivanja. U skladu sa praksom da liturgijski tekstil daje slikoviti oblik skrivenoj simbolici liturgije, počelo se sa vezenjem velova velikog aera na kojima su prikazi mrtvog Hrista. Najraniji sačuvani primjeri potječu još iz približno 1300. godine i konvencionalno su poznati po grčkom nazivu "epitaphoi" (doslovno, "na grobu") zbog njihovog prikaza svetog tijela postavljenog za sahranu. Upotreba vezenog platna prilikom rituala rekonstrukcije Hristove pogrebne povorke prvi put je potvrđena u knjizi liturgijskih uputstava koja potječe iz 1346, a u njoj se navodi da sveštenik nosi knjigu [[Evanđelje|evanđelja]] (drevni simbol Hristove prisutnosti) na desnom ramenu, umotanu u aer, koji služi i kao veo za pričesni pribor. Kao što su velovi za euharistijsko posuđe činili vidljivim njihov unutrašnji smisao, tako je i liturgijska odjeća bizantijskog sveštenstva otkrivala teološku važnost njihove službe. Prema pisanom izvoru solunskog arhiepiskopa Simeona iz 15. vijeka: {{Citat|upravo zato što je episkop Hristov lik, pripremajući se za službu, on se oblači u svete odežde, koje sve imaju simboliku i duhovno tumačenje".}} [[Datoteka:Large sakkos of photius.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Prednji dio velikog sakosa moskovskog mitropolita Fotija urađen od satena vezenog zlatnim i srebrnim nitima i svilom sa biserima između 1414-17, [[Palata oružja]] u Kremlju, Moskva]] Tumačiti odeždu sveštenstva kao sredstvo kojim visoko sveštenstvo predstavlja Hrista ima dug pedigre u Bizantiji. U isto vrijeme oblici odijela koji su bili uspostavljeni mnogo prije [[Bizantijski ikonoklazam|ikonoborstva]] doživjeli su brz razvoj i razradu. Rezultat je bio da je nova odjeća bila ograničena na najviše činove sveštenstva. Najbolji primjer je liturgijska odjeća ukrašena vezenom mustrom na kojima su prikazani krstovi (polistaurion). Najspektakularniji od ovih kasnih dodataka biskupskoj garderobi bio je [[sakos]], euharistijska [[tunika]] sa širokim kratkim rukavima i prepoznatljivom ukrasnom mustrom. Ukras za dva sakosa moskovskog mitropolita [[Fotije (mitropolit moskovski)|Fotija]] (slika desno) urađenih u Konstantinopolju, a potom poslatih u Moskvu kao poklon, upečatljivi su po ponavljanju ikonografskih tema koje su već bile zastupljene na zidovima i ikonostasima tipičnih kasnobizantijskih crkava. Ovo ponavljanje slika pomaže da se arhiepiskop poveže sa svetim likovima prikazanim na njegovoj odeždi. Sakos je svojom dizajnom sastavljenim od tekstilnih kockica i krutim, izvezenim ukrasom preobrazio izgled arhiepiskopa u spljoštenu, svešteničku figuru, koja podsjeća na svete biskupe s crkvenih freski i ikona. Do kasnog 14. vijeka bogatstvo i gustina likova na odjeći visokog sveštenstva bili su posebno vidljivi kada su biskupi svečano obučeni stajali usred [[naos]]a, gdje se izbliza moglo vidjeti njihovo raskošno ruho. U najsvečanijim trenucima liturgije zavjesa ikonostasa bi se povukla u stranu, kako bi se otkrio episkop koji je stajao u vratima. Uokviren slikama na ikonostasu, slike na njegovoj odeždi privlačile bi pažnju okupljenih vjernika da gledaju na njega kao na živi produžetak svetilišta i njegovih ikona. Boljem razumijevanju izgleda i uloge liturgijskog tekstila tokom paleološkog perioda bizantolozima pomažu i freske, kao naprimjer, one u crkvi Peribleptos u Mistri na Peloponezu. Na njima je prikazana procesija Velikog ulaza koju izvode anđeli obučeni kao sveštenici i kao đakoni. Kao slavljenik ove "nebeske liturgije" (naziv koji ovoj ikonografiji obično daju historičari umjetnosti), Hristos stoji na oslikanom oltaru u ulozi i kostimu patrijarha, dok anđeli sveštenici idu prema njemu noseći zastrte kaleže, a anđeli đakoni nose prekrivene patene balansirane na njihovim glavama. Ovo neobično držanje anđela đakona precizno odražava pravce liturgijskih uputstava onovremenih knjiga (odnosno "dijatakseisa"). Tako je nebeska liturgija predstavljena kao bliska zrcalna slika zemaljskih obreda koji se vrše u prostoru crkve.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.academia.edu/13892000/Orthodox_Liturgical_Textiles_and_Clerical_Self-Referentiality|title= ''Orthodox Liturgical Textiles and Clerical Self-Referentiality''|work= academia.edu|access-date= 20. 1. 2022}}</ref> Simbolička povezanost liturgijskih obreda sa Hristovim životom zabilježenim u evanđeljima utjecala je na ukrašavanje tekstila, a ovaj simbolizam je vidljiv i na prikazima scena iz evandelja na odjeći visokog bizantijskog sveštenstva.<ref name="BT"/> Tekstilna umjetnost pomogla je da se definira bogatstvo i moć Bizantijskog Carstva, a istovremeno je obogatila cjelokupnu bizantijsku umjetnost.<ref name="ABAT"/> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija liturgijskog i sekularnog bizantijskog tekstila"> Datoteka:Kaisariani Monastery 03.jpg|Freske iz manastira Kaisariani u Atini, sa prikazanim sveštenicima u odorama tokom vjerske službe (donji dio slike) Datoteka:Antimension1.jpg|Antimins iz Rumunije, [[Oradea|Oradea-Mare]], 1890. Datoteka:Antimins iz 1692. godine, [[Manastir Rača|manastir Rača]] Datoteka:Dues4Sept21 2009.jpg| Sveštenik stoji za oltarom tokom liturgijskog rituala. Aer je položen preko kaleža i patena (diskosa) Datoteka:Silver-thread embroidered antimensium bearing the representation of the Lament - Google Art Project.jpg|Srebrnim koncem izvezen antimins sa prikazom oplakivanja Hrista, sredina 16. vijeka, visina 40 cm, širina 53 cm, Benaki muzej u Atini Datoteka:Сербский Антиминс.jpg|Srbijanski antimins iz 16. vijeka Datoteka:Gavriele0269.jpg|Religijska zastava ([[Horugva]]) s ikonom sveca, crkva svetog Gabriela u [[Nazaret]]u </gallery> == Reference == {{refspisak}} {{Bizantijska umjetnost}} [[Kategorija:Bizantijska umjetnost]] [[Kategorija:Grčka kultura]] [[Kategorija:Historija umjetnosti]] [[Kategorija:13. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] [[Kategorija:14. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] [[Kategorija:15. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] lq2vjbd0d9qpsd91kqdy3uqafeh2efp 3426951 3426935 2022-08-01T19:47:03Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bizantijska umjetnost tokom egzila (1204–1261) i vladavine dinastije Paleolog''' bilo je razdoblje [[Bizantijska umjetnost|bizantijske umjetnosti]] povezano s postojanjem [[Nikejsko Carstvo|Nikejskog Carstva]], te drugih država nasljednica [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]] i s vladavinom posljednjeg cara [[Konstantin XI|Konstantina XI]] iz dinastije [[Paleolog (dinastija)|Paleolog]] u obnovljenom Bizantijskom Carstvu između 1204. i 1453. Vladavina Paleologa bila je obilježena obnovom propadajućeg carstva i svijesti o državnoj i nacionalnoj kulturi.<ref name="AOBW">''Art of the Byzantine World'', Christa Schug-Wille, Harry N. Abrams, INC. Publishers, New York City, Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 75-92912, Germany, 1969., str. 200-252</ref> Figurativne umjetnosti, posebno religiozne slikarstvo, doživjelo je posljednje zlatno razdoblje u vrijeme Paleologa. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavile približavanje kraja bizantijske države, grčke radionice u kojima su radili mozaičari, slikari i kipari i dalje su bile vrlo zauzete i narudžbe nisu nedostajale. Uglavnom su dolazile od članova važnih plemićkih porodica iz Konstantinopolja i provincija, kao i od slavenskih, bugarskih i srpskih vladara koji su slijedili primjer bizantijskih careva. Većina umjetničkih djela urađenih za vrijeme vladavine Paleologa mogu se pronaċi u glavnom gradu carstva, [[Mistras]]u, na sjeveru Grčke, u Srbiji i Bugarskoj.<ref name="AOBE">{{cite web|url=https://monoskop.org/images/9/99/Grabar_Andre_The_art_of_the_Byzantine_Empire_1967.pdf|title=The Art of the Byzantine Empire|work=monoskop.org|access-date=24. 3. 2021}}</ref> Zbog veoma uspješnog razvoja [[Filozofija|filozofije]], [[Nauka|nauke]] i umjetnosti, ovaj period historičari umjetnosti ponekad nazivaju i paleološkom renesansom ili trećim zlatnim dobom bizantijske umjetnosti.<ref name="AOBW"/> == Historijski okvir == [[Datoteka:Michael VIII Palaiologos (head).jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Car [[Mihael VIII Paleolog]], utemeljitelj posljednje vladarske dinastije Bizantijskog Carstva.]] Vijekovi neprekidne rimske političke tradicije i [[Helenizam|helenističke]] civilizacije pretrpjeli su krizu 1204. nakon napada venecijanskih i francuskih vitezova na Konstantantinopolj u okviru [[Četvrti krstaški rat|Četvrtog krstaškog rata]]. Kao rezultat, Bizantijsko Carstvo privremeno je prestalo postojati, a njegov glavni grad, [[Konstantinopolj]] postao je sjedištem katoličkog [[Latinsko Carstvo|Latinskog Carstva]]. Tokom krstaške opsade veliki dio grada izgorio je, a naknadnom pljačkom krstaša dodatno je opustošen u to vrijeme najbogatiji evropski grad.<ref name="GOB">''The Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era'', Helen C. Evans, William D. Wixom, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, drugo izdanje, 1997, str. 12–19; {{ISBN|0-87099-777-7}}</ref> Opljačkani su svi oni umjetnički predmeti od izuzetne vrijednosti koji su bili gomilani u riznicama palača i crkava. Oltar u [[Aja Sofija|Aja Sofiji]] koji je bio ukrašen [[emajl]]ima i dragim kamenjem razbijen je na komade nad kojima su se vojnici borili, a [[ambon]] (povišeno mjesto u crkvi namijenjeno čitanju biblijskih tekstova u liturgiji) i ikonostas lišeni su zlatnih i srebrnih ukrasa. Plaćenici su u crkvu uvodili mazge koje bi natovarili opljačkanim dragocjenim predmetima. Čak i slike [[Isus Hrist|Isusa Hrista]] i svetaca nisu bile imune i koristile su se kao stepenice. Osvajači se na tome nisu zaustavili, a carske grobnice u [[Crkva svetih apostola u Carigradu|Crkvi svetih apostola]] (grč. Agioi Apostoloi) bile su opljačkane zbog svog bogatstva. Ukradena su i drevna remek djela iz cijelog grčkog svijeta koja su ukrašavala Konstantinopolj. [[Bronza]]ni kipovi bacani su u peć, gdje su pretopljeni i od kojih su pravljeni teški novčići. Mnogo toga se izgubilo, a i sami Bizantinci izgubili su modele kojima su mnogo puta bili nadahnuti i čije postojanje je tako doprinijelo održavanju kulta ljepote.<ref name="BA">Bayet, Charles. Byzatine Art. New York : Parkstone Press International, 2009. ISBN 978-1-84484-620-7. str. 157 – 164.</ref> Uništavanje tokom napada na grad, te naknadno zanemarivanje naročito gradske sekularne arhitekture ostavilo je nepotpuno razumijevanje bizantijske umjetnosti. Broj gradskog stanovništva znatno se smanjio, što je utjecalo i na broj naučnika, umjetnika i zanatlija. Konstantinopolj je izgubio ulogu glavnog kreativnog središta u [[Istočna Evropa|istočnoj Evropi]] i [[Mediteran]]u, a Bizantijsko Carstvo nikad više neċe u potpunosti povratiti nekadašnju slavu i prosperitet. Osim nekoliko boljih [[Freska|freski]] i [[minijatura]] nastalih prije nego što su ga Bizantinci predvođeni [[Mihael VIII Paleolog|Mihaelom VIII Paleologom]] ponovo zauzeli 1261, nije proizvedeno mnogo inovativne umjetnosti.<ref name="GOB"/> Tokom perioda latinske vladavine, intervencija grčkih pravoslavnih umjetnika u Konstantinopolju nije mnogo uočljiva na jedinom sačuvanom fragmentu freske (scena iz života svetog [[Franjo Asiški|Franje Asiškog]] otkrivena u Kalenderhane džamiji). Saradnja između grčkih i latinskih umjetnika može se naći i u drugim djelima poput [[Slonovača|slonovače]] proizvedene u rimskoj [[Palestina (pokrajina)|Palestini]] za princezu Melissande. Odjeċa i draperije na ovoj skulpturi ukazuje na miješanje latinskog i grčkog umjetniċkog stila. Glavno središte bizantijske umjetnosti postalo je Nikejsko Carstvo u [[Mala Azija|Maloj Aziji]], u kojoj je dinastija Laskaris došla na vlast. Velika masa grčkih učenjaka i zanatlija stigla je do Nikeje i nastavila da razvija bizantijsku umjetnost i nauku pod pokroviteljstvom careva u emigraciji. Tokom latinske vladavine, Bizantijsko Carstvo je posljednji put iskusilo veliki utjecaj anadolskog [[Helenizam|helenizma]] u svom stvaralaštvu, jer je u narednom vijeku carstvo potpuno izgubilo Anadoliju.<ref name="BA"/> U manjoj mjeri, bizantijska umjetnost preživjela je i na teritorijama manjih novonastalih država - [[Epirska Despotovina|Epira]] i [[Trapezunt]]a, gdje su lokalni autonomni vladari vjerovatno zapošljavali domaće zanatlije. U Srbiji, Bugarskoj ili drugim zemljama u okruženju mogu se pronaći radovi matičnih škola koje se prilično razlikuju od ranijih bizantijskih djela, ali neki od njihovih elemenata svjedoče o snažnom utjecaju primjera iz [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|komnenskog perioda]]. Međutim, za historiju umjetnosti pojam "nacionalnosti" umjetnika manje je važan od namjere umjetnika da grade crkvu "à la maniera greca" (u grčkom maniru). [[Datoteka:LatinEmpire2.png|thumb|400px|lijevo|Podjela Bizantijskog Carstva 1204, neposredno nakon [[Četvrti krstaški rat|Četvrtog krstaškog rata]]]] Period krize u izgnanstvu i naknadno ponovno osvajanje glavnog grada i latinskih teritorija pod komandom vladara iz dinastije Paleolog donijeli su nova iskustva u bizantijsku umjetnost. Preuzeti su pogledi na umjetnost od privremenih osvajača, kao i drugih naroda bizantijskog kulturnog kruga. Nakon povratka glavnog grada pod vlast nove dinastije Paleolog, bizantijski umjetnici razvili su novo zanimanje za krajolik i pastoralnu scenu i tradicionalni mozaik. Donijeta su nova iskustva u bizantinsku umjetnost preuzeta iz zapadne, ali i iz umjetnosti susjednih pravoslavnih zemalja. Međutim, Bizantijsko Carstvo, a s njim i paleološka umjetnost, i dalje je karakterizirala znatna decentralizacija. U umjetničkoj aktivnosti njene posljedice mogu se vidjeti u raspoloženju arhitektonskih spomenika na tom području, od brojnih hramova u Srbiji (npr. [[manastir Sopoċani]]), preko Makedonije i Soluna do umjetnosti u Epiru (današnja [[Albanija]] i [[Grčka]]) i [[Mistras]]u na [[Peloponez]]u. U duhovnom okruženju razvija se i preovladava molitvena tradicija [[Istihaza|istihaze]]. Zajedno s tim izgrađuje se i niz stilski raznovrsnih manastira na visokim stijenama, poznatih pod nazivom [[Meteora]]. Glavno središte srednjovjekovnih kaluđera i isposnika na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]] se širi, u kojem je svaki veći pravoslavni narod postepeno gradio svoj manastir. Uloga svetogorskih manastira povećala se još više tokom perioda istihaze.No, pored ovih tradicionalnih tema pojavljuje se i nova tema: ljudska figura, koja se na sarkofazima nije vidjela od ranobizantskog razdoblja. Predstave ljudi, njihovi portreti pokojnika i svetaca, Krista i Bogorodice, ponovno se pojavljuju u to vrijeme u nizu vrsta skulptura, posebno onih povezanih s grobnicom. Istaknutost ljudskog lika u vizantijskoj skulpturi izmenila je 13. i 15. vijeka ukazuju na trajno interesovanje bizantijskih skulptora za drevne oblike i stilove, inspirisane grčko-rimskim skulpturama sačuvanim na bizantskim teritorijima.''Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261 - 1557)'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, prvo izdanje, 2004, str. 5–15, 17–92, 95–103; {{ISBN|1-58839-113-2}}</ref> U manastirima na Svetoj gori čuvaju se bogate zbirke dobro očuvanih bizantijskih i srednjovjekovnih artefakata, rijetkih knjiga, drevnih dokumenata i umjetnina od ogromne historijske vrijednosti.<ref name="ARS">{{Cite web|url=https://arsartisticadventureofmankind.wordpress.com/2015/06/08/the-byzantine-monasteries-of-mount-athos-in-greece-and-the-byzantine-art-in-the-balkan-peninsula/|title=The Byzantine monasteries of Mount Athos in Greece and the Byzantine art in the Balkan Peninsula|work=arsartisticadventureofmankind.wordpress.com|access-date=10. 8. 2021}}</ref> Bizantijska umjetnost nastavila se širiti prema [[Rusija|Rusiji]], [[Venecija|Veneciji]] i na [[Balkan]]u, ali nije imala utjecaja na muslimanske [[Turci|Turke]]. Uprkos uspješnoj obnovi, zlatno doba Bizantijskog Carstva bilo je prošlost. Prijetnja novim krstaškim ratom, borbama s Osmanlijama i neprestanim građanskim ratovima 1320. - 1350. oslabila je carstvo i dovela do gubitka brojnih teritorija, a ostao je samo [[Peloponez|Peloponesko poluostrvo]], uski pojas oko glavnog grada i neka ostrva na Egejskom moru. U posljednjim godinama postojanja Bizantijskog Carstva u zemlji se počeo manifestirati svojevrsni dualizam moći - glavni centar moći u Carigradu, koji je nestao 1453, i drugi centar moći u Mistrasu - [[Morejska Despotovina]]. Moreja na Peloponezu također je postala važno umjetničko središte, koje je nastavilo sa svojom umjetnikom aktivnošću i nakon propasti Bizantije.<ref name="BFP">''Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261–1557)'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, prvo izdanje, 2004, str. 5–15, 17–92, 95–250; {{ISBN|1-58839-113-2}}</ref> Italijanske zemlje, posebno [[Mletačka Republika]] i njihovo ostrvo [[Kreta]], postale su važno izgnanstvo za bizantijske umjetnike, gdje je bizantijska umjetnička tradicija trajala dugo nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja posljednje bizantijske države nasljednice. [[Kretska škola]] je postepeno uvodila zapadne elemente u svoj umjetnički stil i izvozila je veliki broj [[ikona]] na zapad. Njeni najpoznatiji svjetski umjetnici bili su [[El Greco]] i [[Mihael Damaskenos]]. Najveći preporod doživljavaju [[Mozaik|mozaici]] i [[Freska|freske]], koje se očituju dinamičnošću i narativnošću, a slike stvaraju zamršene tapiserije. Boje i veličina detalja također se mijenjaju i smanjuju. Najvažniji mozaici urađeni za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog sačuvani su u [[Manastir Hora|manastiru Hora]] i u [[Manastir Pammakaristos|manastiru Pammakaristos]] u [[Istanbul]]u. Iako se čini da su mozaici i freske [[Crkva svetih apostola|Crkve svetih apostola]] u [[Solun]]u djelo umjetnika iz Konstantinopolja koje je unajmio patrijarh Nefon 1312–1315, u gotovo svim slučajevima talentovani lokalni slikari radili su u Srbiji. Tokom razdoblja vladavine Paleologa anonimnost umjetničkih djela djelimično nestaje, jer su neki umjetnici svoja djela potpisivali od kraja 12. vijeka. Poznata su imena poput [[Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa|Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape]], koji su radili na ukrašavanju nekoliko crkava za srpskog kralja [[Uroš II Milutin|Uroša II. Milutina]] (1282 - 1321) i koji su naslikali veliki dio ikona koje su danas u [[Crkva svetog Klimenta|crkvi svetog Klimenta]] u [[Ohrid]]u. Iz ovog perioda sačuvan je i veliki broj drvenih panel-ikona čiji kvalitet izrade varira u zavisnosti od radionice gdje su izrađene, a radionice u Konstantinopolju održavale su relativno pristojan nivo kvaliteta izrade. Karakterizirali su ih manje strog pristup, novo uvažavanje čisto dekorativnih svojstava slike pri čemu je velika pažnja bila usmjerena prema detaljima, a sve ovo je općenito postalo poznato kao paleološki [[manirizam]]. Preovladavaju svijetle tople boje i shematski [[Zlato|zlatni]] slojevi naneseni potezima slikarske četkice. Kvalitet ikona varira u zavisnosti od proizvodne radionice, a radionice u Konstantinopolju održavaju relativno pristojan nivo. U hramovima su veliki mozaik ili ikonične slike bili okačeni ili na stubove pregrade ([[ikonostas]], [[templon]]) ili na ulazu u [[Brod (arhitektura)|brod]], kao što je to bio slučaj u crkvi Hora u Konstantinopolju, gdje su približno 1326. mozaici koji prikazuju sv. Petra i Pavla vode pogled vjernika u svetište. Međutim, gotovo svi ukrasi ovog tipa uništeni su tokom vremena. U [[Iluminacija|iluminaciji]] knjiga djela ne dosežu nivo iz prethodnih razdoblja i kvalitetnija djela su prilično rijetka, ali portreti na knjigama su novost. Zahvaljujući njima sačuvano je nekoliko carskih portreta. Kao i mnoge [[Minijatura|minijature]] iz tog vremena, naslikane su na odvojenim listovima ugrađenim u rukopise i stoga nisu djelo pisara. Umjetnici su koristili različite tehnike, pa su stoga neka heterogena djela možda potekla od jednog autora, uprkos anahronoj, ali uvriježenoj ideji specijalizacije. Slikari su zimi vjerovatno izrađivali ikone i rukopise, a ljeti [[Freska|freske]]. U 14. vijeku ne može se primijetiti veliki porast broja knjiga koje su opisivali laici i ilustrirali umjetnici koji nisu mogli biti ni sveštenici ni monasi. U umjetnosti izrade malih predmeta uočljiv je pad kvaliteta u odnosu na ranija razdoblja. Gubitak istočnih teritorija značio je nedostatak skupljih materijala, posebno [[Slonovača|slonovače]] i plemenitih metala. Proizvodnja je uglavnom bila usmjerena na drvo, a [[keramika]] se također više koristila. Težina radova također se smanjuje, a [[filigran]] postaje popularan. Više pažnje posvećeno je zaštiti ikona, a izrađuju se metalni okviri i keramičke pločice za ikone. Umjetnost izrade tkanina i vezova doživjela je znatan razvoj.<ref name="AOBE"/><ref name="BFP"/> == Izrada mozaika == [[Datoteka:Deesis mosaic Hagia Sophia.jpg|thumb|300px|desno|[[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaik]], smješten u zatvorenom carskom dijelu gornjih galerija u Aja Sofiji, predstavlja jedan od najboljih primjera paleološke renesanse.]] Pljačka Konstantinopolja koju su izveli krstaši 1204. dovela je do pada upotrebe mozaičke umjetnosti tokom sljedećih pola vijeka. Nakon bizantijskog oslobađanja grada 1261, Aja Sofija je obnovljena, a bizantijski umjetnici uradili su monumentalni [[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaik]] koji je urađen u svrhu obilježavanja oslobađanja od latinske okupacije. Na ovom mozaiku prikazan je Hristos uz kojeg su Bogorodica i sveti Ivan Krstitelj približno dva i po puta veći od prirodne veličine. Veličina ove tri figure odražava njihovu važnost u bizantijskoj kulturi. Tema u deisis mozaiku u kojem [[Bogorodica]] i [[sveti Ivan Krstitelj]] imaju ulogu posrednika kod Hrista u ime čovječanstva česta je u umjetnosti u raznim medijima od srednjobizantijskog razdoblja, pa nadalje, gdje se često upotrebljavala [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicija]] slična ovoj iz Aja Sofije. Također, ilustrirano je šire stremljenje ka [[Naturalizam|naturalizmu]] (oponašanje vidljivog svijeta) u kasnoj bizantijskoj umjetnosti. Smatra se jednim od najfinijih i najpoznatijih mozaika u Aja Sofiji zbog mehkoće njegovih karakteristika, intenzivnih emotivnih izraza humanosti i tonova, te spretnosti umjetnika prilikom njegove izade. Umjetnički stil blizak je stilu italijanskih slikara s kraja 13. i početka 14. vijeka, poput [[Duccio|Duccia]], i predstavlja najavu promjena u ranom [[Italijansko renesansno slikarstvo|italijanskom renesansnom slikarstvu]], a ujedno je jedan od najboljih primjera paleološke renesanse.<ref name="BFP"/><ref>{{Cite web|url= https://smarthistory.org/deesis-christ-with-the-virgin-mary-and-john-the-baptist-hagia-sophia-istanbul/|title= Late Byzantine naturalism: Hagia Sophia’s Deësis mosaic|website= smarthistory.org|access-date= 26. 3. 2021}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Istanbul - Chiesa Pammacaristos (Fetiye camii) - Cupola - Foto G. Dall'Orto 26-5-2006.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Pogled na središnju kupolu pareklesiona sa Hristom Pantokratorom okruženog prorocima iz [[Stari zavjet|Starog zavjeta]], [[manastir Bogorodica Pammakaristos]] Bizantijski humanizam doživio je novi procvat za vrijeme vladavine cara [[Andronik II Paleolog|Andronika II]] (1282. - 1328.) i njegova dva savjetnika [[Nikifor Humna|Nikiforom Humnom]] i [[Teodor Metohit|Teodorom Metohitom]], humanizam [[platon]]skog nadahnuća koji je u Bizantijsko Carstvo unio sekularni ton koji je postao novi i kojim je umjetnicima data nova svrha i smjer.<ref name="AOBW"/> Do kraja 13. vijeka prepoznatljiv oblik aristokratskog pokroviteljstva u Konstantinopolju bio je dodavanje novih građevina na već postojećim manastirima. Dva najambicioznija projekta iz tog vremena su [[paraklesion]] (pogrebna kapela), dodata [[Manastir Bogorodica Pammakaristos|manastiru Bogorodice Pammakaristos]] (danas Fetiye džamija) i obnova [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]] (danas džamija Kariye muzesi). U periodu između 1305 - 10 udovica bivšeg generala Michaela Glabasa Tarchaneiotesa, dala je da se pored manastira Bogorodice Pammakaristos izgradi mauzolej u obliku minijaturne crkve u obliku grčkog krsta posvećene Hristu. Mozaici su pažljivo planirani da funkcionišu kao ikone u čast preminulih. Izvođenje mozaika otkriva obrazac rada koji je tipičan nakon 1261. Hristos u kupoli uobičajena je slika Pantokratora, a umjetnik koji je to uradio vjerovatno je mnogo puta predstavljao Hrista u ovom obliku. Za razliku od Hrista u apsidi, koji je dio deisis grupe i žarište posredničkog ciklusa, bio je posebno tretiran i mnogo duguje novom modelu Hrista u [[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaiku iz Aja Sofije]]. Međusobna povezanost ova dva cilja, tradicionalnog i eksperimentalnog, dinamika je umjetničkog stvaralaštva uočljivijeg nakon 1261. u odnosu na raniji period.<ref name="RC">''Byzantine Art'', Robin Cormack, Oxford University Press, objavljena 2000., {{ISBN|0-19-284211-0}}, str. 120, 207-215</ref> [[datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople (6).JPG|thumb|250px|desno|Mozaik na kojem je prikazan [[Teodor Metohit]] (lijevo), glavni donator obnove i unutrašnje dekoracije manastira Hora]] Najvažniji sačuvani mozaici iz vremena kasne bizantijske umjetnosti danas se mogu naċi u nekadašnjem manastiru Hora u Istanbulu. Svi mozaici u kupoli i polukružnoj [[Luneta|luneti]] na narteksu relativno su dobro očuvani, a između 1948. i 1958. obnovljeni su pod vodstvom direktora Američkog bizantijskog instituta Paula Adkinsa Underwooda. Ciklus biblijskih scena u bogatom, ukrasnom obrascu, sa svim vrstama fantastičnih životinjskih oblika, pokazuje izraženu sklonost klasičnim i ranohrišćanskim oblicima. U odabiru tema, primjetan je povratak bizantijskoj tradiciji nakon [[Bizantijski ikonoklazam|ikonoklazma]], ali s više pažnje posvećene ljudskom aspektu, podsjećajuċi na kasnije mozaike u [[Bazilika svetog Marka|bazilici svetog Marka]].<ref name="AOBW"/> Najvažniji narativni ciklusi smješteni su u sjevernom krilu unutrašnjeg ulaznog trijema (narteksa), u kojima je životna priča Bogorodice prikazana na osamnaest prekrasnih mozaičkih panela. Stručnjaci smatraju da je ovaj cjelovit prikaz Bogorodice (od njenog začeća od strane majke Ane, pa sve do smrti) vrlo rijedak u hrišćanskoj umjetnosti. Isto tako, u sjevernom krilu vanjskog narteksa prikazane su važne faze iz života svete porodice, rođenje i krštenje Isusa Hrista i druge scene iz njegovog života.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.mybeautifulistanbul.com/2020/10/20/the-beautiful-mosaics-and-frescoes-of-the-chora/|title= The Beautiful Mosaics and Frescoes of the Chora|work= mybeautifulistanbul.com|access-date= 16. 5. 2021}}</ref> Mozaička i fresko dekoracija u manastiru Hora urađena je pod pokroviteljstvom Teodora Metohita (slika desno), koji se pojavljuje u mozaiku smještenom iznad zapadnih vrata od unutrašnjeg narteksa do svetilišta, predstavljajući Hristu, koji je na prijestolju, maketu manastira Hora. Odjeven je u bogatu svilenu nošnju i veliki šešir dvorskog službenika.<ref name="ABE">''Art of the Byzantine Era'', David Talbot Rice, "Frederick A. Praeger Inc.", New York City 1963, Kongresna biblioteka SAD-a pod brojem 63-16444, str. 223–264.</ref> Iako su u crkvi Hora napravljeni neki od najvažnijih pomaka i inovacija iz vremena kasne bizantijske umjetnosti, bizantolozi svrstavaju neke od mozaičkih i fresko ciklusa u ovom sakralnom objektu kao "konzervativne", a najbolji primjer je mozaik Uspenja svete Marije. Međutim, uočljivo je da je umjetnik morao tražiti modele i ponekad je morao ispunjavati slobodne zidne prostore konvencionalnim motivima. Prepoznatljiva osobina pri dizajniranju ovih scena je upotreba [[Perspektiva (likovna umjetnost)|perspektive]] za stvaranje slikovitog prostora u kojem se priča odvija, ali bizantijski pronalasci u raščišćavanjima razlikuju se od kasnijih [[Renesansa|renesansnih]] konstrukcija prema jednoj tački nestajanja (osnova kasnijeg fresko ciklusa u paraklezijumu ove crkve). Umjesto toga, linije građevina u pozadini mozaika ukrštaju se na figurama u prvom planu i ističu radnju i priču. U ukrašavanju se također poklanja pažnja upotrebom bogatih i raznolikih ukrasa i obruba. Mozaici i zidne slike u crkvi Hora uvode nove ideje i dizajne u bizantijsku monumentalnu umjetnost, od kojih su neke proizašle iz poznavanja međunarodnih ideja tog doba.<ref name="RC"/> Postoji još određeni broj sačuvanih mozaika iz nekadašnjih konstantinopoljskih manastira koji su nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja grada preinačeni u džamije. Latinsko kraljevstvo Solun, koje su osnovali krstaši, trajalo je samo od 1204. do 1224, a čini se da su gradske crkve u Solunu pretrpjele mnogo manje štete i zanemarivanja u odnosu na konstantinopoljske. Crkva iz 14. vijeka, izvorno posvećena Bogorodici, koja se danas naziva [[Crkva svetih apostola (Solun)|Crkvi svetih apostola]], ukrašena je u svojim središnjim dijelovima mozaicima, a zidnim slikama u manje važnim područjima. Prisustvo monograma patrijarha [[Nifont I Carigradski|Nifonta I Carigradskog]] daje godinu 1329. kao precizan datum izgradnje i njene unutrašnje dekoracije. Od unutrašnje dekoracije najviše se ističe izvanredni mozaički prikaz Preobraženja Hristovog (pogledati galeriju).<ref>''Early Christian and Byzantine art'', John Lowden, Phaidon Press Limited, London, prvo izdanje, 1997. str. 402; {{ISBN|0 7148 3168 9}}</ref> Bitni su i mnogobrojni minijaturni mozaici iz Mistrasa na Peloponezu,<ref name="BAEA">''Byzantine art, a European art. Zappeion Exhibition Hall, Athens, 1964, Greece Council of Europe, str. 213–215.</ref> koji su preneseni u mali arheološki muzej grada na Áyios Níkonosu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.roughguides.com/greece/the-peloponnese/sparti-sparta-and-around/|title=Spárti (Sparta) and around|work=roughguides.com|access-date=3. 8. 2021}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Mozaička galerija"> Datoteka:Άγιοι Απόστολοι Θεσσαλονίκης. Η Μεταμόρφωση του Χριστού. Ψηφιδωτή παράσταση των ετών 1310-1314.jpg|Preobraženje Hristovog, Crkva svetih apostola u Solunu Datoteka:HSX Mary genealogy.jpg|Bogorodica sa djetetom u sredini mozaika, okružena starozavjetnim predacima, manastir Hora Datoteka:Chora Christ south coupole.jpg|Hrist Pantokrator okružen starozavjetnim predacima, Manastir Hora Datoteka:HSX Koimetesis.jpg|Uspenje svete Marije (Koimesis, manastir Hora Datoteka: Istanbul - Chiesa Pammacaristos (Fetiye camii) - San Gregorio armeniaco - Foto G. Dall'Orto 26-5-2006.jpg|Sveti Gregorije Armenac, manastir Bogorodice Pammakaristos u Istanbulu Datoteka:Istanbul Kariye museum Naos Jesus Christ june 2019 2372.jpg|Isus Hrist, manastir Hora Datoteka:Istanbul Kariye museum Naos Theodokos june 2019 2375.jpg|Bogorodica i dijete, manastir Hora Datoteka:StPeter-mosaic-from-Chora-church-in-Istanbul.jpg|Mozaik na kojem je prikazan sveti Petar kako drži ključeve raja, manstir Hora Datoteka:Paul in Chora.jpg|Mozaik svetog Pavla, manastir Hora </gallery> == Slikarstvo == Usljed nastavljanja gubitka teritorija i slabljenja carstva, posljednji period bizantijske umjetnosti prepoznatljiv je po preovladavajuċoj zastupljenosti zidnog slikarstva, koje je bilo jeftinije u odnosu na izradu mozaika i luksuznih predmeta od dragih metala i [[slonovača|slonovače]]. Tokom posljednjeg razdoblja bizantijske umjetnosti, slikarstvo se nastavilo i ubrzano je davalo sve veći zamah novim stilovima što otkriva određenu težnju za obnovom. Jedan od najprepoznatljivijih stilova na zidnim slikama je onaj koji se obično naziva "makedonski". Ovaj stil je izvanredan po svojoj tendenciji da prikaže ljudsku dramu i da je naglasi svim sredstvima koja ima na raspolaganju: uznemireni pokreti, dinamični stavovi, živahne geste, kontrasti u boji, uvećani prostori. Ljudske figure, često izvanredni [[portret]]i dobijaju težinu i volumen, pri čemu su široke draperije prožete posebnim izražajem, [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicija]] postaje šira i postiže epsku veličinu. Čini se da ova tendencija ka revolucionarnijem izrazu svijeta nije trajala više od dvije ili tri decenije počevši od kraja 13. pa sve do početka 14. vijeka. Ovom pokretu pripadali su umjetnici poput [[Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa|Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape]] i [[Manuel Panselin]] iz Soluna, koje mnogi historičari umjetnosti smatraju najvažnijim pripadnicima Solunske slikarske škole.<ref name="BAEA"/> Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa radili su freske visokog kvaliteta u manastirima u [[Ohrid]]u, Skoplju (crkva Bogorodice Peribleptos, crkva svetog Nikite i crkva svetog Georgija u Staro Nagoričane, 40 km sjeverozapadno od Skoplja), kao i crkvi Bogorodice Ljeviške u [[Prizren]]u, dok je Manuel Pselos slikao freske na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]].<ref>Early Christian and Byzantine Art, John Lowden, prvo izdanje od strane Phaidon Press Limited, London, 1997; {{ISBN|0-7148-3168-9}}, str. 404-407</ref> Bizantijski umjetnici za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog razvili su novo zanimanje za pejzaž i pastoralnu scenu, postepeno otvarajući put detaljnim narativnim freskama. O tome najbolje svjedoči velika grupa umjetničkih djela pronađenih u manastirima u Mistrasu na Peloponezu. Najveći dio ovog razdoblja protekao je u znaku zidnog slikarstva, koje se očituje dinamičnošću i narativnošću, gdje slike stvaraju složene tapiserije. Boje i veličina detalja također se mijenjaju i smanjuju. Pažnja se posvećuje arhitektonskim detaljima građevina i prirodi koji su u pozadini slike, pri čemu se napušta hijerarhijska frontalna krutost. Figuralna umjetnost, a posebno religiozno slikarstvo, doživjeli su dugotrajni posljednji prosperitetni period. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavljivale predstojeći kraj Bizantijskog Carstva, rad grčkih mozaičara, slikara i vajara i dalje je bio veoma tražen, uglavnom od članova važnih plemićkih porodica iz Konstantinopolja i provincija, kao i od bugarskih i srpskih knezova koji su slijedili umjetničke primjere Bizantinaca. Nekoliko drugih dovoljno prosperitetnih središta bili su u stanju održavati lokalnu tradiciju u arhitekturi i ukrašavanju sakralnih objekata tokom dužeg perioda. Većina umjetničkih djela iz paleološkog razdoblja bila je u drugom najvažnijem gradu carstva u to vrijeme – Mistrasu. Korak unazad bila je umjetnost hesihizma iz druge polovine 14. vijeka, u čijim je djelima izostala elegancija iz prethodnog vremena.<ref name="BAEA"/> === Freske === [[Datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople 2007 013.jpg|thumb|350px|desno|Freska Hristovog uskrsnuća iz manastira Hora predstavlja jedan od napoznatijih primjera fresko slikarstva iz vremena paleološke renesanse]] Najbolji primjeri "makedonskog" stila fresko slikarstva tokom paleološke renesanse čuvaju se u paraklezijumu crkve Hora u Istanbulu, čije freske predstavljaju dokaz o zidnom slikarstvu u glavnom gradu Bizantijskog Carstva s početka 14. vijeka. Slikarski stil koji je tu bio razvijen ima svu živost i epsku raskoš iz vremena prve bizantijske slikarske škole bez naglaska na dramskom elementu, kao i svu gracioznost Hora mozaika i fresaka. Posebno je u crkvi Hora uočljivo da je ikonografski i vjerski program bio mnogo širi u odnosu na raniji period i odgovarao je opštim ukrasnim kretanjima u slikarstvu. Očigledna je i tendencija da se kroz mozaike i freske crkva pretvori u ilustriranu knjigu koja će vjernike podučavati o svemu što ima veze s njihovom vjerom. Pritom se naglašava liturgija, ali dekoracija u cjelini ide mnogo dalje. Najbolji dokaz za sve veċ navedeno su sačuvani opširni fresko ciklusi u pareklezijumu crkve Hora u kojima se uspostavljaju evokativne veze između [[Stari zavjet|Starog]] i [[Novi zavjet|Novog zavjeta]]. Istovremeno, oni otkrivaju blisku vezu između fresko programa i same svrhe pogrebne kapele. Vrhunac fresko ciklusa je ostvaren u izvanrednim prikazima Sudnjeg dana (pogledati galeriju) i [[Isusovo uskrsnuċe (freska iz manastira Hora)|Isusovog uskrsnuċa]] (slika desno). Posebno je važna freska Hristovog uskrsnuċa (grčki: Anastasis), koja je za razliku od ranijih krutih i statičnih prikaza na istu temu veoma dinamična. U njoj, Hrist pobjeđuje [[Sotona|sotonu]] i ruši vrata [[Pakao|pakla]], te snažnim pokretom hvata za ruke Adama i Evu izvlačeċi ih iz njihovih grobova. Na taj način spašava njihove duše iz pakla, gdje su bili zbog činjenice da su ličnosti iz [[Knjiga postanka|Knjige postanka]] te su živjeli u vrijeme prije dolaska Hrista. Tjelesni pokreti psihološki su intenzivni, a izražajnost držanja likova u ovoj fresci prevladavaju. Dramatična radnja je predstavljena izvanrednim osjećajem fizičkog pokreta i sile. Tri središnje figure dramatično se kreću po vertikalnoj osi i tjelesnim položajima uz dodavanje geometrijskih oblika, stvaraju osjećaj dijagonale i horizontalnog kretanja. Odjeća i draperije služe za sugeriranje stavova, pokreta i djelovanja tijela. Precizno ocrtavanje zamjenjuje nazubljenu apstrakciju draperije koja je bila prepoznatljiva u [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|bizantijskoj umjetnosti za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen]].<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p291911/pdf/4.-The-Fresco-of-the-Anastasis-in-the-Chora-Church.pdf|title= ''The Fresco of the Anastasis in the Chora Church''|work= press-files.anu.edu.au|access-date= 22. 7. 2021}}</ref> Između 1290-ih i 1420-ih grad Mistras na jugu [[Grčka|Grčke]] bio je takmac Konstantinopolju na kulturnom polju. Bio je posljednje veliko bizantijsko središte izučavanja koje je privlačilo intelektualce i umjetnike na čijem je čelu bio filozof [[Gemistus Pletho]]. Istovremeno, bio je i glavno administrativno središte na [[Peloponez]]u kada je izgrađen i ukrašen veliki broj crkava i manastira. Među njima su najvažniji crkva svetog Toedora, [[manastir Pantanassa]] i [[manastir Peribleptos]] u kojima su sačuvani neki od vrijednih primjera fresko slikarstva iz tog perioda (pogledati galeriju).<ref name="BA"/> Opširni fresko ciklusi koji pokrivaju unutrašnjost manastira Peribleptos nastali su između 1350. i 1375. Ova djela povezana su s kretskom i makedonskom umjetničkom školom.<ref>Hamilton, J. Arnott (1956). Byzantine Architecture and Decoration. London: Jarrold and Sons. str. 194–195.</ref> Prema riječima historičarke umjetnosti Annie Labatt: {{Citat|"prostor i pokreti tretirani su sa zapadnjačkim osjećajem na ovim freskama".}}<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/fwbz/hd_fwbz.htm|title=Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|last=Labatt|first=Annie|date=2000|website=Metropolitan Museum of Art|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|access-date=10. 3. 2016}}</ref> Još važnije od bilo kojeg grčkog kopnenog umjetničkog središta iz ovog perioda bilo je ostrvo [[Kreta]], gdje je sačuvano više od 600 crkava ukrašenih vrijednim freskama. Iako male veličinom, ogromna veċina crkava na Kreti ukrašene su u 14. i 15. vijeku, što potvrđuje procvat slikarstva. Uz pomoć natpisa moguće je, naprimjer, pratiti dugu karijeru slikara po imenu [[Joannis Pagomenos]]. Bio je jedan je od najvažnijih slikara na ostrvu jer je stvorio okvir za poznatu [[Kretska škola|Kretsku školu]] fresko slikarstva, čiji je rad dokumentiran u osam sačuvanih crkava na zapadu Krete. Budući da je njegova slikarska karijera trajala između 1313. i 1347, slikao je vjerovatno još mnogo drugih freski u crkvama na ostrvu. Tokom ovog dugog razdoblja prosperiteta i umjetničkih aktivnosti Kreta nije bila dio Bizantijskog Carstva.<ref name="BAEA"/> Jedno od veoma važnih područja fresko slikarstva za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog jest i područje današnje [[Sjeverna Makedonija|Sjeverne Makedonije]]. Freske u crkvi Bogorodice Peribleptos u Skoplju predstavljaju neka od prvih djela najprestižnijih srednjovjekovnih bizantijskih slikara Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape. Njihova dramatična izražajnost bila je osnova novog trenda u bizantijskoj umjetnosti iz ove epohe, poznatije kao "renesansa Paleologa", koja je bila posljednje poglavlje bizantijske umjetnosti. Na zidovima ove crkve, izvanrednom vitalnošću, snagom i očiglednim emocijama, naslikali su prizore iz života Bogorodice i Isusa Hrista. Ovdje je umjetnost Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape iz temelja promijenila vizuelnu koncepciju bizantijskog svijeta, uvodeći nove ideale za građane i skromne religiozne ljude tadašnjeg Bizantijskog Carstva. Naslikali su deset ciklusa fresaka u oltaru, naosu i narteksu (priprati), koje priedstavljaju jedan od najbogatijih ciklusa fresaka u cijelom bizantijskom svijetu, posvećen životu Bogorodice (pogledati galeriju). Također, ova crkva ima najveći broj sačuvanih potpisa ove dvojice umjetnika skrivenih u freskama.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://experience-macedonia.com/the-holy-mother-of-god-peribleptos/|title= The Holy Mother of God – Peribleptos in Ohrid|work=experiece-macedonia.com|access-date=29. 7. 2021}}</ref> Bitno je napomenuti i stari grad [[Ber]] na sjevery Grčke sa crkvom Isusovog uskrsnuća, u kojoj su neke od veoma kvalitetnih fresaka iz 1315, koje su djelo tada najpoznatijeg solunskog slikara [[Georgios Kaliergis|Georgisa Kaliergisa]], a po kvalitetu mogu se uporediti sa freskama u crkvi Hora kao i freskama u najstarijim solunskim crkvama (pogledati galeriju).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/31058516/Painters_in_the_Late_Byzantine_World_1204-1453_Monumental_Painting_in_Byzantium_and_Beyond_New_Perspectives._Byzantine_Studies_Colloquium_Dumbarton_Oaks_Washington_DC_November_4_2016_full_text_without_footnotes|title=''Painters in the Late Byzantine World (1204-1453), Monumental Painting in Byzantium and Beyond: New Perspectives. Byzantine Studies Colloquium''|work=academia.edu|access-date=12. 8. 2021}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Fresko galerija"> Datoteka: Izgonuvanjeto na trgovcite od hramot Sv. Nikita Banjani.jpg|Isus rastjeruje lihvare iz jevrejskog hrama u Jerusalemu, fresku su uradili Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa, Crkva svetog Nikite u selu Banjani kod Skoplja. Datoteka:Ljeviska002.jpg|Razgovor apostola, freska u crkvi Bogorodica Ljeviška u Prizrenu. Datoteka:Meister der Peribleptos-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|Scena Hristovog rođenja, freska u manastiru Peribleptos u Mistri na Peloponezu. Datoteka: Church of Saint George in Staro Nagorichino, Communion of the Apostles in the apse.jpg|Pričest apostola, freska u crkvi svetog Georgija, Staro Nagoričane kod Skoplja. Datoteka:Jacob's ladder and Jacob wrestling an angel.jpg|Scena hrvanja s anđelom i sveti Jakov koji leži na podu u donjem lijevom uglu, dok su pored njega stepenice koje vode ka raju. Freska u crkvi Hora. Datoteka:Deesis of the Judgement day mosaic at Chora.jpg|Fresko prikaz Sudnjeg dana, manastir Hora, Istanbul Datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople 2007 010.jpg|Pogled na fresko cikluse u paraklezijumu manastira Hora Datoteka:Istanbul Chora Church 01.jpg|Freska u kupoli na kojoj je u središnjem medaljonu prikazana Bogorodica, dok su okolo prikazani njeni preci, manastir Hora. Datoteka: Meister der Pantanassa-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|Freska u manastiru Pantanassa na Peloponezu sa prikazom scene buđenja Lazara. Datoteka: Олтар-Богородица Перивлепта.jpg|Životopis Bogorodice, fresko prikaz u crkvi Bogorodice Peribletos u Skoplju. Datoteka: AngelNikita.jpg|Zidna freska sa prikazom anđela u crkvi svetog Nikite u selu Gornjane kod Skoplja. Datoteka: Christ Church in Veria Resurrection Fresco on the Southern Wall by Georgios Kalliergis, 1315.gif|Fresko prikaz Isusa Hrista, južni zid crkve Isusovog uskrsnuća u gradu Ber na sjeveru Grčke. </gallery> === Ikone === [[Datoteka: Богородица лешочка- август 2015 (5).JPG|thumb|450px|Ikonostas u crkvi Uspenja svete Bogorodice [[Lešočki manastir]], Sjeverna Makedonija.]] Među osobinama koje najočiglednije razlikuju kasnobizantijsku umjetnost je i količina ikona naslikanih na panelima. Ni iz jednog ranijeg razdoblja bizantijske umjetnosti paneli nisu sačuvani u tako velikom broju kao i njihovim velikim dimenzijama. Ikone su oduvijek postojale u monumentalnim dimenzijama, ali u zidnim slikama sa freskama, mozaicima ili vitražima, a ne kao slike na panelima. Također, isto slikovno izlaganje cvjetalo je kod ličnih i ikona malih razmjera.<ref name="BFP"/> Naslikane ikone na drvenim panelima bile su jeftinije od mozaika ili predmeta od slonovače, pa su zato postajale sve brojnije i važnije nego što su bile u ranijim vremenima. Od približno 1300. godine postale su jedan od najvažnijih oblika umjetničkog izražavanja.<ref name="ABE"/> Zbog činjenice da se kasnobizantijska crkvena dekoracija sastojala uglavnom od zidnog slikarstva i ikona, potonje su sve više bile u centru pažnje i pokroviteljstva. Ovo je i glavni razlog što je veliki broj ikona iz tog vremena sačuvan do danas, a upravo je ovo medij u kojem je uočljiv utjecaj zapadne umjetnosti. Ono što je u 12. vijeku u [[Manastir svetog Neofita|manastiru svetog Neofita]] na [[Kipar|Kipru]], kada je [[Teodor Apseudes]] potpisao i datirao svoju sliku, bilo izuzetak, postalo je redovna pojava u kasnobizantijskom periodu. Još jedan umjetnik, [[Angelos Akotantos]], koji je radio na Kreti u prvoj polovini 15. vijeka potpisao je brojne ikone. Nezavisno je dokumentovan kroz njegovu sačuvanu oporuku u notarskim arhivama na Kreti napisanu 1436. Bio je plodni slikar, a njegove ikone pokazuju sposobnost da zadovolje potražnju za tradicionalnim slikama ili slikama u kojima su primjetni izrazito zapadnjački detalji ili konvencije. Ova dva već navedena bizantijska umjetnika bila su vrlo utjecajna, počevši od rada najvažnijeg ruskog ikonopisca [[Andrej Rubljov|Andreja Rubljova]] i njegovih sljedbenika, koji su bili pod direktnim utjecajem stvaralaštva [[Teofan Grk|Teofana Grka]], te karakteru kretskog ikonopistva, koje je na kraju doveolo do umjetnika poput [[El Greco|El Greca]], koji duguju Angelosu Akotantosu.<ref name="RC"/> Karakter svetog prostora u pravoslavnim crkvama promijenio se još više tokom 14. vijeka. U okviru [[templon]]a koji je između [[naos]]a i svetišta već od 8. vijeka počele su se držati ikone, često oslikane i postavljene u pregrade sa scenama iz 12 glavnih hrišćanskih svetkovina. Sljedeća faza bila je transformacija templonske strukture u neprozirni visoki [[ikonostas]] koji je držao nekoliko redova ikona, čije veličine su prilagođavane templonskoj strukturi.<ref name="RC"/> Na ikonostasu su korištene ikone dvije različite veličine - veće u donjoj polovini pregrade sa slikama Hrista, Bogorodice s Djetetom, arhanđela ili sveca zaštitnika crkve. Gornji red ikona na templonu je veličine približno pola metra ili malo više, Ulazna vrata u svetiste slikana su sa scenom [[Blagovijest]]i ili sa svecima (grčki: dodekaorton). raspoređene u standardiziranim nizovima: obično prikaz velikog [[Deisis]]a u kojem pored Hrista stoje Bogorodica i Ivan Krstitelj, scene iz 12 glavnih hrišćanskih svetkovina, te ciklus glavnih scena [[Bogojavljenje|Bogojavljenja]] iz života Hrista i Bogorodice. Ikone ove veličine također su bile pohranjene u znatnom broju na prolazima i zidovima svetišta crkava i stavljene su za štovanje na stalku za ikone (proskynetarion). Na ikonama iz ovog perioda uočljiva je osjetljiva međuigra između likova i okolnog prostora u [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicijama]] s jednim likom, gdje slikovni oblik istovremeno daje utisak siluete u odnosu na zlatnu podlogu i modeliran je kao da je obavijen trodimenzionalno u svojoj svjetlosti. U scenama prikazanim na kasnobizantijskim ikonama likovi se ne pojavljuju uz tlo, već unutar prostornog okruženja, čija se postavka dramatično proširuje u paleološkoj umjetnosti, ostavljajući likove male u svojim strmim prostorima. Koliko god ti prostori bili veliki, oni daju utisak napetosti i rječito su vezani za ljudske geste koje ih iscrtavaju. Takva prostorna rječitost odlično je odgovarala slikama pustinjskog asketizma. Pustinjski prizori su duboko ukorijenjeni u bizantijskoj iluminaciji knjiga, ali od kasnog 13. vijeka počeli su se koristiti i u ikonoslikarstvu.<ref name="BFP"/> ==== "Ohridske ikone" ==== [[Datoteka:Ohrid annunciation icon.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Navještenje Bogorodice, dimenzije 93 x 68 cm, urađena u Konstantinopolju, rani 14. vijek, tempera i zlato na drvetu, sa posrebrenom i emajliranom oblogom, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu.]] Za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog slikanje panela i ukrasnih ploča dobilo je tako snažan poticaj da se primjeri mogu naći svugdje gdje je utjecaj Bizantije dosegao. Ova nova potražnja za prenosivim ikonama rezultat je uvođenja ikonostasa u crkve. U Ohridu i Svetoj gori identifikovan je znatan broj uvezenih ikona. Ohridske ikone predstavljaju važne primjere u razvoju kasnobizantijskog ikonopisa, a odigrale su i važnu ulogu u kasnijem razvoju srpskog ikonopisa. U Ohridu postoje dvije važne ikone koje potječu s početka 14. vijeka, a koje predstavljaju znamenitosti u kasnobizantijskoj historiji umjetnosti. Na njima su prikazi Hrista i Bogorodice kao spasitelje duša. Ohridski nadbiskup Grgur II prebacio je ove ikone u katedralu u Ohridu.<ref name="AOBW"/> Ova dvostrana ikona lijep je primjer savremenih umjetničkih tendencija u bizantijskoj prijestolnici tokom kasnobizantijskog perioda. Na prednjoj strani ikone pojavljuje se polovina figure Bogorodice. Njeno svečano, savršeno očuvano lice izražava blagu strogost. Na rukama drži malog Hrista čija je glava prekrivena blijedocrvenkastim pramenovima. Biste arhanđela [[Mihael (arhanđel)|Mihaela]] i [[Gabriel]]a prikazane su u uglovima na vrhu ikone. Cijela pozadina i okvir prekriveni su složeno ukrašenom srebrnom oblogom, koja je sama po sebi remek-djelo. Zajedno s geometrijskim i cvjetnim ornamentima, poput stiliziranih rozeta, ikona je ukrašena reljefno dotjeranim likovima. Slika Bogorodice okružena je okvirom s grbom u sredini s bistom Hrista Pantokratora, okruženom simetrično raspoređenim poprsjima. Bogorodica nosi naziv Psychosostria, koja predstavlja varijaciju Bogorodice Hodegetrije (ona koja ukazuje na pravi put). Na poleđini je ikona sa prizorom [[Blagovijest]]i i smatra se jednim od najboljih ostvarenja bizantijskog ikonopisa paleološke renesanse (slika desno). Likovi arhanđela Gabriela i Bogorodice prikazani su vješto, a postavljeni su kao kipovi na postoljima u definiranom prostoru nasuprot oštroj arhitektonskoj pozadini.<ref name="BFP"/> Proporcije su prekrasno razrađene između veličanstvenih arhitektonskih obilježja u pozadini i figura ispred njih, a tu je i kontrapuntalni sklad između anđela koji se brzo približava, te spokojne i nepomične Bogorodice. Igra kontrasta postignuta je postavljanjem svijetle odjeće arhanđela naspram Bogorodičine gotovo u potpunosti tamne odjeće. Vizije su obavijene mehkom sjenom, koje jedva da najavljuju misteriju ispod zamišljenog zlatnog rajskog neba. Sve već navedeno, uz igru svjetla i sjene i blistavih boja različitih objekata učinila je ovu scenu dragocjenim izvorom nadahnuća za kasnije slikare unutar bizantijske sfere utjecaja.<ref name="AOBW"/> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija ikona"> Datoteka:Christ Psychosostis, Early XIV Century, St Mary Perivleptos Church, Ohrid Icon Gallery.jpg|Ikona Hrista, [[tempera]], platno na drvetu, u srebrnoj podlozi, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu, rani 14. vijek. Datoteka:Climent of Ohrid.jpg|Ikona svetog Klimenta, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu, 14. vijek. Datoteka:Harrowing of hell (Constantinople, 14th c.).jpg|Ikona Hristovog Uskrsnuća iz 14. vijeka, dimenzije 47,2 x 62 cm, nepoznati slikar iz Konstantinopolja. Datoteka:Ikonenkalender 1973-11.png|Apostol Matej, ikona iz 14. vijeka. Datoteka:Saints of Sinai.jpg|Sveti očevi, ikona iz manastira svete Katarine na Sinaju. Datoteka:Back side of a double-sided icon depicting the Crucifixion (14th cent.) at the Byzantine and Christian Museum on 12 April 2019.jpg|Hristovo Raspeće, pozadina dvostrane ikone iz 14. vijeka, Bizantijski i hrišćanski muzej u Atini. Datoteka:Saint Mary with Christ Icon from Annunciation Church in Thessaloniki, circa 1300.jpg|Bogorodica i Dijete, ikona iz 1300, crkva svetog Bogojavljenja u Solunu. Datoteka:Crucifixion, II Half of XIII Century, St Mary Perivleptos Church, Ohrid Icon Gallery.jpg|Hristovo Raspeće, ikona iz druge polovine 13. vijeka, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu. </gallery> === Iluminacija === [[Datoteka: Chrysobull of Alexius III of Trebizond.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Iluminirana Zlatna bula cara [[Aleksij III od Trapezunta|Aleksija III od Trapezunta]].]] Osvojivši Konstantinopolj 1261, Bizantinci su u grad vratili tradiciju proizvodnje ukrasnih rukopisa koja je bila ozbiljno narušena tokom latinske okupacije. Tokom vladavine dinastije Paleolog došlo je do početka izrade rukopisnih knjiga koje su parirale najboljim djelima iz prethodnih vijekova, a koje spadaju u najsjajnije izvedene primjere zanata rukopisne iluminacije dotad. Ovo umjetničko dostignuće potpuno zamagljuje hronično teško novčano stanje onih koji su naručili te radove. Uočljiva je i pojava napuštanja tradicionalne anonimnosti bizantijskih umjetnika usljed sve većeg broja potpisanih iluminiranih knjiga. Radovi se sve više izrađuju od papira, a proizvodnja [[pergament]]a prestaje. Od 14. vijeka znatno raste broj knjiga koje prepisuju laici i ilustriraju umjetnici u odnosu na ranije, kada su to uglavnom radili sveštenici i monasi. Čak i u ovom posljednjem periodu bizantijske umjetnosti najvažnije mecene bili su članovi carske porodice, koji su, osim iluminiranih rukopisa, davali da se izrade i carski dokumenti ([[Zlatna bula|zlatne bule]]). Jedna od njih je Zlatna bula cara [[Andronik II Paleolog|Andronika II Paleologa]] iz 1301. godine (čuva se u Bizantijskom muzeju u [[Atina|Atini]]), dok je druga naručena od cara Aleksija III od Trapezunta i njegove supruge [[Teodora Kantakuzena|Teodore Kantakuzene]] 1374. godine (slika desno). Početkom vladavine dinastije Paleolog, carica Teodora, supruga cara Mihaela VIII Paleologa odigrala je važnu ulogu u naručivanju veċeg broja knjiga najvišeg kvaliteta. Iako samo jedna knjiga ima paleologinske monograme, čini se da ima prateći tom u Djelima apostolskim i Poslanici. Također, evanđelje i psaltir (koji se danas čuvaju u Nacionalnoj biblioteci u Parizu) očito su proizvodi istih majstora. Ovi radovi pokazuju karakterističan arhaizirajući rukopis, nastao iz takozvanog "Perlschrifta" iz druge polovine 11. vijeka. Ova vrsta iluminacije prepoznatljiva je po izvanredno jasnoj i elegantnoj ruci, koja se u to vrijeme koristila prilično često i veoma je različita od pomalo nevještih kurzivnih ruku nekih prepisivača klasičnih autora. Iluminacije u ovim knjigama su također elegantne i arhaične, odražavajući pažljivo proučavanje minijatura iz 10. i 11. vijeka. Carica Teodora je zaposlila iste iluminatore prilikom izrade tipikona grobne dinastičke crkve koju je restaurirala u manastiru Lips u Konstantinopolju, ali u ovom slučaju pisari su bili iz carske kancelarije. Carica Ana, udovica cara Andronika III naručila je izradu psaltira iz manastira Iveron, koji je uradio pisar Hariton 1346. u manastiru Hodegon. Pisari iz istog manastira uradili su visokokvalitetne knjige po narudžbi cara Ivana VI kao poklon manastiru Vatopedi na Svetoj gori, od kojih je sačuvano 26. Kopiji spisa prvog [[Atina|atinskog]] nadbiskupa iz 1. vijeka, [[Dionisije Aeropagit|Dionisija Aeropagita]], koju je izradio carski bilježnik Mihail Klostomalles 1380-ih, dodana su poglavlja za cara [[Manuel II Paleolog|Manuela II Paleologa]], a koju je njegov legat Manuel Chrysoloras poklonio opatiji Saint Denis kraj [[Pariz]]a 1408. Da bi bio dostojan carski poklon, rukopisu su dodana poglavlja s autorovim portretom sveca i slikom carske porodice. Rukopis je važan po portretima cara Manuela II. Ostale vrste pokroviteljstva ukazuju na obrazac veoma promjenljivih troškova prilikom iluminacije rukopisa, na koji ukazuje kvalitet materijala i njegove izrade. Ponekad su donatori predstavljeni prema tradicionalnoj formuli. Jedan primjer za to je ogroman tom [[Hipokratov korpus|Hipokratovog korpusa]], zbirka od približno 60 starogrčkih spisa o [[Medicina|medicini]], koje je napisao [[Hipokrat]]. Ima uvodne dvije stranice u kojima se prilikom otvaranja otkriva portret pokrovitelja Aleksija Apokauka, službenika cara Ivana V, koji predstavlja djelo Hipokratu, koji je prikazan na stranici okrenutoj prema njemu. Obje slike pomalo sliče tradicionalnim portretima evangelista. Zanimljivost je u tome da je tekst u knjizi pisan na italijanskom [[papir]]u sa vodenim žigom, dok je slika na dvostrukoj stranici naslikana na [[pergament]]u. Iako je većina iluminiranih rukopisa iz ovog perioda urađena u Konstantinopolju, ipak je dobar dio njih urađen u Solunu, Atini i Mistri na Peloponezu. Većina iluminiranih knjiga za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog proizvedena je vjerovatno naprečac (ad hoc) od strane pojedinaca, u saradnji ili samostalno, eventualno monaha, sveštenika ili laika. Umjetnici koji su slikali slike za umetanje u takve knjige povremeno su bili i pisari, a radili su kao ikonopisci, te sezonski, kao i slikari, kao što je u pisanim izvorima naveden primjer [[Teofan Grk|Teofana Grka]], [[mural]] i ikonopisac aktivan u to vrijeme u Rusiji. Čest rezultat tradicije rada na visoko uglačanim površinama od veluma bilo je djelomično ljuštenje slika. Ovo propadanje je počelo već u bizantijsko doba. Zbog toga su pripadnici carske dinastije Paleolog s vremena na vrijeme naručivali restauriranje starih knjiga, kao naprimjer, prvih osam knjiga [[Biblija|Biblije]] ("Octateuch"), koje se danas čuvaju u [[Vatikanska biblioteka|Vatikanskoj biblioteci]]. Nakon 1261. bizantijski iluminatori usredsredili su se na evanđelje prema zahtjevima mecena koji su naručivali puni tekst knjiga evanđelja, obilježena i indeksirana za liturgijska čitanja. Nekoliko iluminiranih knjiga evanđelja koje imaju opsežne narativne cikluse privuklo je veliku pažnju historičara umjetnosti. Razlog tome je mogućnost da su tokom posljednjih nekoliko decenija 13. vijeka [[Firenca|firentinski]] i [[Siena|sienski]] umjetnici konsultovati knjige poput ovih za njihovu ikonografiju bizantijskog evanđelja i glatko izvedenog stila draperije i slikanja dijelova golog tijela. Osim evanđelja, rađene su nove verzije već postojećih rukopisa. Ova kombinacija koegzistiranja tradicije i inovacije određena je pravoslavnim stavom o religioznim slikama: upotreba slika je bila opravdana autoritetom tradicije koja potječe iz apostolskih vremena, ali je novotarija sama po sebi (grčki: "kainotomija") osuđena kao heretička. Ovo se odnosi i na većinu bizantijske umjetnosti koja je rađena prema vrlo zahtjevnim parametrima.<ref name="BFP"/> Paleološki iluminatori, poput monumentalnih slikara, stvarali su dramatična i emocionalna djela koja nude stepen naturalizma nepoznat u ranijoj bizantijskoj umjetnosti. Time su postavili temelje za kasnije slikarstvo u Grčkoj, na Balkanu i u Rusiji.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/illuminatedmanuscripts|title= ''Byzantine Art and Architecture''|work= libguides.ku.edu.tr|access-date= 4. 1. 2022}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija iluminacije"> Datoteka::John VI Kantakouzenos.jpg|Ivan VI Kantakuzen na saboru u Carigradu 1351. Datoteka:Crossing_of_the_Red_Sea_by_the_Jews,_Byzantine_illuminated_manuscript.jpg|Prelazak Jevreja preko Crvenog mora, bizantijski rukopis iz 13. vijeka, Nacionalna biblioteka Rusije Datoteka:Denis l'Aréopagite - Louvre MR416.jpg|Portret Dionizija Areopagita iz iluminirane knjige, početak 15. vijeka Datoteka:Manuel II Paleologus.jpg|Manuel II. Paleolog, bizantijski car od 1391. do smrti 1425. Datoteka:MichaelOfTverRGB173Fol17v.jpg|Iluminacija iz hronike Georgija Hamartola, 13 - 14. vijek, [[Nacionalna biblioteka Rusije]] Datoteka:Bodleian_Library_MS._Gr._th._f._1_3v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 1v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 4v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 54v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 2v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Alexander poisoned Hellenic Institute codex 5.JPG|Priča o Aleksandru Velikom, bizantijska iluminacija iz 14. vijeka, (''Kodeks Helenskog instituta 5. tom str. 193'') Datoteka:Jews Byzantine Greek Alexander Manuscript (cropped).JPG|Priča o Aleksandru Velikom, bizantijska iluminacija iz 14. vijeka, (''Kodeks Helenskog instituta 5. tom str. 193'') Datoteka:Manuel II Helena sons.JPG|Car Manuel II i carica Helena sa sinovima, iluminacija iz knjige, [[tempera]] na [[pergament]]u </gallery> == Skulptura == [[Datoteka:0129 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Gothic arcosolium - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 2009.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Dijelovi [[arkosolijum]]a (niše iznad grobnica u kojima je sahranjena važna ličnost). Oni su bili izloženi u zidovima katakombi. [36]urađeni u [[Gotika|gotskom]] stilu tokom latinske vladavine u 13. vijeku, Bizantijski muzej u Atini.]] U kasnobizantijskom razdoblju, kao i u ranijim godinama carstva, središnja briga vjernika bilo je sjećanje na mrtve. Iako su tradicije obilježavanja sjeċanja na mrtve bile stare, njihov utjecaj na crkvenu umjetnost dramatično se povećao u posljednjim vijekovima postojanja carstva. Sve više su unutrašnjost crkvi, a često i njihov vanjski dio, bile predmet izgradnje grobnih spomenika. Usljed sve te ekonomske situacije uzrokovane gubitkom teritorija koje su zauzele krstaška i turska vojska kao i smanjenje broja bogatih donatora u katedralama i manastirima u gradovima i izvan gradova, došlo je do problema s ispunjavanjem njihovih fiskalnih obaveza sa sve manjim prihodima. Zbog toga su donatori morali uložiti novac, kao i imovinu u zamjenu za pravo na takve obrede kao što je sahrana u crkvi ili izgradnja ukrasne grobnice. Oblik većine kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga znatno odstupa od tradicionalne, monolitne vrste kovčega s čvrstim kamenim tijelom i odvojenim poklopcem. Najčešća vrsta sarkofaga od 13. do 15. vijeka sastoji se od zasebnih kamenih ploča, od kojih su neke uzete sa ranijih spomenika i isklesane, a neke tek izvađene. Ikonografija kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga pokriva širok raspon motiva. Dekorativni elementi isklesani na zidovima i poklopcima kovčega, zajedno s pogrebnim natpisima, obuhvataju krstove, cvjetne i geometrijske oblike, poput isprepletenih medaljona, vinove loze i drveća. Tu su takoder i prikazi životinja, među kojima su mitski grifoni, lavovi i ptice (zajedno sa jednoglavim i dvoglavim orlovima), prikazani u scenama borbi ili kako stoje u profilu. Pored ovih tradicionalnih tema pojavljuje se i nova tema: ljudska figura, koja se na sarkofazima nije vidjela od ranobizantijskog razdoblja. Predstave ljudi, njihovi portreti pokojnika i svetaca, te Hrista i Bogorodice, ponovno se pojavljuju tokom tog razdoblja u nizu vrsta skulptura, posebno onih povezanih s grobnicom. Istaknutost ljudskog lika u bizantijskoj skulpturi između 13. i 15. vijeka ukazuju na trajno interesovanje bizantijskih skulptora za drevne oblike i stilove, nadahnute grčko-rimskim skulpturama sačuvanim na bizantijskim teritorijama. [[Datoteka:San Marco Venezia portale nord con Nativitá.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|[[Zabat]] na sjevernoj kapiji sa scenom [[Rođenje Isusa|Rođenja Isusa]], bazilika svetog Marka u Veneciji.]] Poznati njemački historičar umjetnosti [[Hans Belting]] sugerirao je da su bizantijski vajari koji su nakon 1261. i ponovnog osvajanja Konstantinopolja učestvovali u obnovi i restauraciji mnogih ranijih crkava i spomenika u tom gradu, crpili inspiraciju iz klasicističkih, figuralnih skulptura iz prvog zlatnog doba Bizantije. Najbolji primjer je izrezbareno postolje napravljeno približno 390. za cara [[Teodozije I Veliki|Teodozija I]] da ukrasi [[Teodozijev obelisk|obelisk]] faraona [[Tutmose III|Tutmosija III]] dovezen iz Egipta u Carigrad, gdje je još izložen na mjestu nekadašnjeg hipodroma. Treći utjecaj došao je iz [[Romanika|romaničke]] i [[Gotika|gotske]] skulptorske tradicije, novi stilovi koji su se razvili na latinskom Zapadu, a koje su donijeli krstaši na područja oko istočnog Mediterana tokom 11, 12. i 13. vijeka. Stoga se može reći da su uporište u dugogodišnjoj umjetničkoj tradiciji carstva, i kontakt s umjetničkim razvojem [[Zapadna Evropa|zapadne Evrope]] doprinijeli oživljavanju figuralnih slika u kasnobizantijskoj skulpturi, posebno kod pogrebnih spomenika. Važni primjeri kasnobizantijske figuralne skulpture sarkofaga sačuvani su u Carigradu, [[Ber]]i i [[Arta|arti]] u Grčkoj. Većinom su to horizontalne ploče koje su činile prednji dio sarkofaga. Na čeonom sarkofagu iz Carigrada predstavljena su dva anđela koji drže središnjji vijenac koji okružuje božićnu dekoraciju, a donji dio dekoracije je osnova ukrasno rezbarenim krstovima i svicima. Anđeli su uobičajena tema u kasnom bizantijskoj skulpturi. Ovo rezbarenje s izuzetnim uspjehom oponaša [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompoziciju]] i stil rezbarenja sarkofaga iz 4. vijeka, potvrđujući da su ranobizantijski modeli mogli poslužiti kao važni izvori kasnobizantijskim kiparima. Pripovijedani prizori povezani s Hristovom smrću i spasenjem bili su daljnji izvor nadahnuća za rezbare kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga. Ulomci koji su sačuvani u Beri izvorno su sačinjavali piramidalni poklopac sarkofaga sa prikazom scene Hristovog Uskrsnuca (Anastasis). Fragmentarni [[Reljef (skulptura)|reljefi]] pronađeni u [[Studijski manastir|Studijskom manastiru]] prikazuju Bogorodičino jadikovanje nad mrtvim tijelom Hristovim dok leži prije sahrane, što je tema nadahnuta [[Evanđelje|evanđeljima]]. Ova kao i druge teme iz evanđelja obilježene na sarkofazima, često su prikazivane na freskama i mozaicima koje okružuju kasnobizantske grobnice, tako da zidne slike ojačavaju i preslikavaju slike koje ukrašavaju sarkofage. [[Datoteka: 2098 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Latin marble arch, 13th cent. - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 20.jpg|thumb|250px|desno| Mramorni luk iz 13. vijeka sa figurama i natpisima na grčkom jeziku urađenim tokom latinske okupacije.]] Portret pokojnika bila je još jedna tema koja se koristila prilikom ukrašavanja sarkofaga. Fragmentarna ploča iz [[Manastir Lips (Carigrad)|manastira Lips]] u Carigradu čuva ostatke pogrebnog portreta Marije Paleologine. Jedino je sačuvan lik Marije vidljiv od struka prema dolje, gdje ona nosi monaški plašt preko dugačke tunike. Uvjerljiva rekonstrukcija cijele ploče koju je uradio Titos Papamastorakes ima središnji natpis s lijeva od Marije Paleologine. Sastavljena u pjesničkom metru i fino izrezbarena paleološkim pismom, na sarkofagu je molitveni natpis. Takvi su natpisi, koji svjedoče o svjetovnim i duhovnim dostignućima pokojnika, i moleći se u njegovo ili njeno ime, bili važan dio ukrasnog programa i često su se pojavljivali na sarkofazima ili skulpturama koje uokviruju grobnicu. U [[Arta, (Grčka)|Arti]], nekadašnjem sjedištu [[Epirska Despotovina|Epirske Despotovine]], jedini je sačuvani sarkofag iz kasnobizantijskog razdoblja s portretima bizantijske vladarske porodice, despotice Teodore supruge despota [[Mihael II Komnen Duka|Mihaela II Komnena Duke]] i dječaka Nikefora, vjerovatno njenog sina. Oboje su odjeveni u tradicionalnu carsku odjeću, s krunama urađenim u bizantijskom stilu, dugim [[tunika]]ma, [[kaftan]]ima i [[loros]]ima ukrašenim draguljima, pri čemu oboje drže carska žezla. Pored njih su, s obje strane, portretne biste anđela, koji također nose carska žezla. Dok je isklesani sarkofag mogao biti izložen neovisno o ravnom zidu crkve, u najsloženijim kasnobizantijskim grobnicama služio je kao središte mnogo većeg ukrasnog programa. U takvim pogrebnim cjelinama kiparski reljefi uokviruju trodimenzionalni prostor zaobljene niše (arkosolij), koji sadrži sarkofag. Arkosoliji se mogu pronaći u crkvama na cijelom području kasnobizantijske utjecajne sfere. Skulptura je bila najvažniji pojedinačni element koji je izdvajao arkosolijum iz njegovog okruženja, te osiguravao organizirani vizuelni fokus unutar arhitektonski složene i bogato oslikane kasnobizantijske crkve. Nasuprot glatkom zidu crkve prekrivenom šarenom freskom ili mozaikom, trodimenzionalne reljefne skulpture pružile su važnu vizuelnu pauzu. [[Datoteka:Kariye Muzesi (2681430083).jpg|thumb|350px|lijevo|Bogato izrezbareni [[Luk (arhitektura)|luk]] iznad jedne od pogrebnih niša u manastiru Hora.]] Dvije najupečatljivije rezbarene fasade kasnobizantijskog razdoblja još uokviruju grobne niše iz ranog 14. vijeka koje su dizajnirane u južnoj pogrebnoj kapeli [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]]. Jedan od ovih lijepo i gusto izrezbarenih mramornih ukrasa na sjevernom zidu ukrašava nišnu grobnicu [[Teodor Metohit|Teodora Metohita]], dok arkosolij na suprotnom zidu odaje počast visokom carskom dostojanstveniku Mihaelu Tornikesu, političkom savezniku Metohita. Tornikesova grobnica je jedini arkosolij na kojem je sačuvan izvorni pogrebni epigram, koji je historičar umjetnosti [[Ihor Ševčenko]] pripisao poznatom bizantijskom dvorskom pjesniku [[Manuel Fil|Manuelu Filu]] (1275–1335). Fasadni dizajn dvije niše je sličan. U svakoj od njih je središnji portret Hrista, koji blagosilja desnom rukom i sa svitkom u lijevoj ruci, a okružen je bistama [[Mihael (arhanđeo)|arhanđela Mihaela]] i [[Gabriel]]a u trouglastim prostorima ([[spandrel]]ima), koji su između vrha [[Luk (arhitektura)|luka]] i pravougaonog okvira. Bujne vinove loze koje izviru iz [[Rog izobilja|simbola izobilja]] okružuju ove figure. Kao i u mnogim takvim grobovima, Hristov lik često se koristi na izvajanoj fasadi, na sarkofagu i naslikan je na stražnjem zidu niše, naglašavajući različite aspekte Hrista, a posebno njegovu ulogu sudije i spasitelja čovječanstva. Ove dvije fasade grobnica također su karakteristične po tragovima polihromiranih [[Pigment (materijal)|pigmenata]] koje čuvaju. Na temelju njih i mnogih drugih kasnobizantijskih umjetničkih djela, može se zaključiti da je bojenje, pa čak i pozlata mramornih rezbarija bila raširena praksa u to vrijeme. Ova praksa objedinjavanja upotrebe boje i pozlate uočljiva je i u srednjem bizantijskom periodu. Stilske karakteristike kasnobizantijske skulpture, reljefne skulpture, kreću se u rasponu od vrlo plitkih do izuzetno visokih. Razne vrste apstrakcija i naturalizma koegzistiraju, iako ukupne [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicije]] životinjskih, cvjetnih, biljnih i geometrijskih motiva odlikuju veća zamršenost i osjećaj uzorka u cjelokupnoj kompoziciji, dok detalji u skulpturama mogu prilično težiti ka naturalizmu. Reljefi koji predstavljaju ljudski lik obično nalikuju paralelnim slikama u monumentalnom i minijaturnom slikarstvu. U poređenju sa srednjobizantijskim skulpturama postoji i snažan impuls ka naturalističkom, trodimenzionalnom prikazivanju ljudskog tijela. Konstantinopoljska figuralna skulptura iz 13. i 14. vijeka teži elementima apstrakcije: izdužena lica, okrugle, pune obrve naglašenih očiju i teški kapci. Tako se zajednički umjetnički ukus često pojavljuje u skulpturalnoj i slikarskoj umjetnosti u Konstantinopolju kao i mnogim područjima kasnobizantijske sfere utjecaja. U vremenu između oslobođenja Konstantinopolja od latinske okupacije 1261. do njegovog ponovnog pada u ruke [[Osmanlijsko Carstvo|Osmanlija]] 1453. izrada netradicionalnih oblika skulpture počela je oživljavati. Tokom paleološke renesanse, umjetnost izrade umjetničkih djela od [[Slonovača|slonovače]] koja je bila tipična za [[Makedonska umjetnost (bizantijska)|makedonsko]] i [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|komnensko doba]] doživjela je veliki pad zbog nedovoljnog uvoza bjelokosti iz [[Afrika|Afrike]] i [[Azija|Azije]]. Nastavljeno je s izradom malih gravura na nakitu - privjesci, relikvijari ([[Enkolpija|enkolpije]]) i kameje, koje su bile ukrašene raznim motivima, najčešće hrišćanskim simbolima (anđeli, sveci, krstovi).<ref name="BFP"/> == Primijenjena umjetnost == === Okviri za ikone urađeni od plemenitih metala === [[Datoteka: Panagia Paramythia Icon from Vatopedi Monastery 14th Century.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Ikona Bogorodice Paramythia s okvirom ukrašenim srebrom i zlatnim medaljonima, 14. vijek, manastir Vatopedi, Sveta gora.]] Bizantijski običaj da se ikona slikana na kanvasu ili jedan njen dio prekrije ukrasom od plemenitog metala, oplemenjenog [[emajl]]om, biserima ili dragim kamenjem, doživio je veliki procvat pod dinastijom Paleologa počevsi od 13. vijeka. Ova vrsta umjetnosti širila se izvan sve manjih granica bizantijske države na cijeli pravoslavni svijet. Sudeći prema sačuvanim primjercima, ikone sa zlatnim i srebrnim ukrasnim okvirima svjedočanstvo su bizantijske pobožnosti, koja je nadahnula vješte zlatare, a pritom je preusmjerila važan dio raspoloživog bogatstva carstva. U vrijeme sve većih ekonomskih poteškoća i opadanja carstva, klima nije bila pogodna za izradu luksuznih predmeta. Međutim, zlatni i srebrni ukrasni okviri za ikone pružaju bizantijskoj umjetnosti neka od njenih zadnjih remek-djela. Interesovanje za ikone ukrašene plemenitim metalima postojao je širom carstva, kao i na [[Balkan]]u, što je dovelo do velikog broja ovako izradenih ikona. U tom razvoju ulogu je vjerovatno odigrao ukus za reljefnu skulpturu, karakterističnu za kasnobizantijsku renesansu, kao i vjerovatno korištenje finih metalnih listova ili tankih [[filgran]]a koji su bili relativno jeftiniji. Interes za plemenite metale postojao je širom [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]], kao i na Balkanu. Izuzetni primjeri mogu se vidjeti u manastirima na Svetoj gori, ohridskim ikonama koje su sada ponovo objedinjene u Muzeju umjetnosti Makedonije u Skoplju i ikonama sačuvanim u [[Bugarska|Bugarskoj]], posebno u [[Manastir Rožen|manastirima Rožen]] i [[Manastir Bačkovo|Bačkovo]]. Sudeći prema materijalu u arhivima manastira na Svetoj gori, ukrasi za ikone od plemenitih metala bili su među omiljenim oblicima doniranja tokom 14. vijeka. Posljednja oporuka bizantijskog dvorskog zvaničnika ([[skouterios]]a) Teodora Sarantenosa iz 1325. u Beri, u kojoj je naveden podatak o poklonjenim ikonama s ukrasima od plemenitih metala manastiru Vatoped. Slično tome, arhivski zapisi o prijenosu ikona u [[Velika Lavra|Veliku Lavru]] 1375. iz crkve Bogorodice Gavaliotise u [[Edesa (Grčka)|Edesi]] u [[Epir]]u, koju je između 1360. i 1367. osnovao despot Toma Preljubović, pokazuju da su sve ikone osim jedne, on, njegova supruga i drugi pojedinci koji su poklanjali crkvi imali ukrasne oplate od plemenitih metala. Konvenciju dodavanja oplate od plemenitih metala na ikone nije prekinulo ekonomsko opadanje carstva ni turska balkanska osvajanja, nego je čak doživjela procvat krajem 16. vijeka. Ponuditi ikone s ukrasnom oplatom od plemenitih metala je prije svega jednako izvođenju čina pobožnosti, a ta tradicija se još održava. Sačuvan je veliki broj ovakvih ikona u manastirima na Svetoj gori, [[Meteora|Meteori]], te crkvama u mnogim dijelovima Balkana i Grčke. Čak su i predmeti namijenjeni privatnoj pobožnosti bili ukrašeni zlatom i srebrom, dragim kamenjem, biserima, kao u slučaju dvije male ikone Bogorodice Chalkoprateia,koje se danas čuvaju u riznici [[Bazilika svetog Marka|bazilike svetog Marka]] u [[Venecija|Veneciji]]. Upotreba plemenitih metala materijalizuje kratku molitvu, jer proizilazi iz pojedinačnih ili kolektivnih molitvenih natpisa koje mnoge ukrasne oplate na ikonama sadrže. Nije neobično pronaći slike mecena u molitvenoj pozi na dnu okvira ikone. Na gornjem dijelu okvira često su prikazi scene [[Deisis]]a (izraz univerzalne molitve) ili simbol predstojećeg [[Sudnji dan (islam)|Sudnjeg dana]] (grčki: hetoimasija), uz koje se vezuje promjenjiv broj svetaca prikazanih na okviru ikone. [[Datoteka: Holy Face - Genoa.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Ikona Svetog Lica ([[mandilion]]) iz Edesse, tempera na panelu sa posrebrenom ukrasnom oplatom, druga polovina 14. vijeka, crkva svetog Bartolomeja Armenca u Genovi, Italija.]] Ponekad su Veliki praznici predstavljeni na malim ukrasnim pločama oko središnje slike, i sa porukom spasenja kroz božansko posredovanje. Na nekim ikonama uočljivo je kombiniranje tema na istom okviru. Ova ikonografija nije bila nova, a scena Deisisa se već pojavljivala na okviru ikone svetog Ivana Bogoslova na ostrvu [[Patmos]]. Na ukrasnim oplatama oko lika Bogorodice povremeno su scene iz njenog života. Cvjetni motivi urađeni su u ''[[repoussé]]'' tehnici u emajlu ili finom filigranu, koji daje živost kod uljepšavanja pozadine i okvira ikone ili je njihov jedini ukras. Ovi ukrasi podsjećaju na raskoš rajskih vrtova opisanih u [[Poezija|poeziji]] bizantijskog pjesnika iz 14. vijeka Manuela Philesa u kojoj se opisuju ikone s ukrasima od plemenitih metala, dragulja i drugih ukrasnih materijala. Ovakva dekoracija nastala je iz duge tradicije u bizantijskoj umjetnosti, a jedan od dobrih primjera iz ovog perioda je okvir na naslikanoj ikoni Svetog Lica u crkvi svetog Bartolomeja Armenca u [[Genova|Genovi]] (slika lijevo). Ova naslikana ikona Svetog Lica ([[mandilion]]) iz Edesse okružena je sa deset malih ploča koje oslikavaju historiju relikvije i vjerniku daju osjećaj njene autentičnosti. Tačan datum izrade određen je za veoma mali broj ukrasnih okvira za ikone, a istovremeno ih je veoma teško klasificirati. Interes za ukrasne okvire od plemenitih metala nakon 1204. također je vidljiv na grčkoj teritoriji pod latinskom okupacijom, na ostrvima kao što su Kipar, Kreta i Rodos, gdje se bizantijsko naslijeđe susrelo s drugim utjecajima. Na Kipru su ikone s okvirima od plemenitih metala radene jos od 12. vijeka. Pritom su stvarani niskoreljefni radovi uz upotrebu [[gesso]] (mješavina bijele boje koja se sastoji od veziva pomiješanog s kredom, gipsom, pigmentom ili bilo kojom njihovom kombinacijom) imitacija pozadine i oreola na ikonama koje su nastale tamo. Na nekim ikonama iz 14. vijeka sa područja Jadrana i sjeverne Grčke korišten je isti niskoreljefni gesso ukras. Ova tehnika ukrašavanja ikona koja je pronađena u 13. vijeku, a njena upotreba seže čak do [[Sveta zemlja|Svete zemlje]] i planine [[Sinaj]]. U to vrijeme gesso tehnika ukrašavanja ikona koristila se i u italijanskim djelima, što ukazuje na recipročne razmjene između italijanske i bizantijske umjetnosti u ovim područjima od 13. vijeka nadalje. Širenje umjetnosti ukrašavanja ikona s okvirima od plemenitih metala zahvatilo je cijeli pravoslavni svijet, među kojima i područja [[Kavkaz]]a i [[Rusija|Rusije]]. Ova vrsta bizantijske umjetnosti bila je zastupljena i na Zapadu, gdje će u 17. vijeku doći do ponovnog oživljavanja interesa za bizantijske ikone tokom katoličke [[Protivreformacija|protivreformacije]] i potrage za najautentičnijim religijskim slikama te interesom za istočnu hrišćansku tradiciju.<ref name="BFP"/> === Liturgijski pribor === Zahtjevi [[Bogoslužje|liturgije]] nisu se znatno promijenili u kasnobizantijskom periodu, pa su sveti predmeti zadržali osnovne oblike koje zahtijeva liturgijska praksa, simbolički i ideološki sadržaj božanske [[Euharistija|euharistije]]. Za razliku od srednjeg bizantijskog perioda, primjeri dragocjenog crkvenog [[Srebro|srebrnog]] pribora iz kasnog razdoblja ograničeni su količinski. Nedostatak srebrnih i [[Zlato|zlatnih]] predmeta, vjerskih i svjetovnih, može se pripisati nedostatku sirovina u to vrijeme, drugi razlozi su: srebro nije kovano u kasnobizantijskom carstvu, stalne ekonomske i političke krize, posljedica građanskih ratova, smanjenja carstva i osmanlijska osvajanja. Carske kovanice mogu se smatrati pravim ogledalom tog vremena: obezvrijeđene, bez umjetničkih vrijednosti i izrađene od [[legura]] sa niskim sadržajem plemenitih metala. Zbog ovog nedostatka plemenitih metala mnogi dragocjeni predmeti su istopljeni i reciklirani kako bi se zadovoljili zahtjevi države za novcem. U historijskim izvorima navodi se da su [[Aristokratija|aristokrati]] iz kasnobizantijskog društva nagomilali svoje bogatstvo u vidu zlatnih i srebrnih predmeta te su obdarili monaške i crkvene fondacije skupocjenim liturgijskim posudama. Najpoznatiji mecena bio je [[Ivan VI Kantakuzen]], koji je posjedovao velike kolicine zlata i srebre. Gubitak najvećeg broja kasnobizantijskih liturgijskih pomagala, djelomično je nadoknađen slikanim prikazima liturgijskih obreda u svetištu i na [[kupola]]ma crkava, koje su u ovom razdoblju obilovale liturgijskim temama. Kasnobizantijski liturgijski predmeti uglavnom su u manastirskim riznicama, a sačuvani primjeri spadaju u dvije glavne kategorije: one koji zadržavaju i razvijaju srednjobizantijske oblike i one s očiglednim zapadnjačkim izgledom. Iz druge grupe izdvaja se jedina grupa sačuvanog liturgijskog posuđa ([[Latinski jezik|latinski]]: [[vasa sacra]]) sa [[kalež]]ima despota Moreje [[Manuel Kantakuzen|Manuela Kantakuzena]], te srpskog despota [[Janjina (Grčka)|Janjine]] [[Toma Preljubović|Tome Preljubovića]]. Ovi dragocjeni liturgijski predmeti čuvaju se danas u manastirima [[Vatopedi]] i [[Manastir Velika Lavra|Velika Lavra]] na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]]. U manastiru Vatopedi danas se čuva i ispisani asterisk na čijem je vrhu golub. Zajedno s asteriskom iz [[Sionsko blago|Sionskog blaga]], koji potječe iz 6. vijeka, jedini su sačuvani primjeri iz bizantijskih vremena. Prisustvo umjetničkih predmeta urađenih u zapadnom stilu u kasnobizantijskom društvu posvjedočeno je i u pisanim izvorima i zidnim slikama. Tipični gotički oblici pojavljuju se u slikarstvu prije sredine 14. vijeka na predmetima poput kadionica s malim gotičkim tornjevima i nožnih ovalnih posuda s ukrasnim krugovima u dnu. Inventar iz 1396. u katedrali [[Aja Sofija]] u Konstantinopolju registruje četiri para svijećnjaka (kandelabra), od kojih je jedan venecijanski, izrađen od srebrne pozlate. Zapadni oblici na izrađenim predmetima i gotička praksa pričvršćivanja na glavnu osnovu zasebnog diska (poznatog kao pinta) koji je često bio [[emajl]]iran i ukrašen prikazima stvarnih i fantastičnih životinja. Direktno prisvajanje i usvajanje italijanskih umjetničkih oblika bilo je za očekivati ​​samo u drugoj polovini 14. vijeka, u periodu kada je i u drugim oblastima (poput privrede) Bizant služio kao zaleđe za italijansko tržište i kao potrošač zapadnih, a posebno venecijanskih proizvoda. Venecija je u to vrijeme pretekla Carigrad u izvozu prestižnih luksuznih predmeta kao i u umjetničkim inovacijama. Dominacija italijanskih modela bio je proces u kojem je važnu ulogu igrala mreža italijanskih kolonija i trgovaca. Liturgijski predmeti su uvezeni za upotrebu u latinskim crkvama, a izrađivali su se i u srebrnarskim radionicama venecijanskih kolonija, poput onih koje su postojale u Konstantinopolju, a posvjedočene su u Skutarima (današnji [[Üsküdar]] u [[Istanbul]]u), Raguzi ([[Dubrovačka Republika]]), i Candii ([[Heraklion]]), rodnom gradu kretskih zlatara koji su zabilježeni u dubrovačkoj arhivi iz 1360-ih. Ti bogoslužbeni predmeti nisu samo primjeri luksuznih trgovačkih proizvoda koji su kružili područjem istočnog Mediterana, nego su i indikativni primjeri ukusa i orijentacije vladajuće klase u bizantijskom društvu. To je imalo za posljedicu prevazilaženje konvencionalnih granica historijskih epoha, kao u slučaju nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja, pri čemu je kod crkvenog srebra uočljivo prisvajanje zapadnih stilova izrade i paralelno pridržavanje bizantijske ili bizantinirane ikonografije. Drugi sačuvani primjeri kasnobizantijskih liturgijskih predmeta su korice [[Evanđelje|evanđelja]], procesijski krstovi, ripidije ili flabele, naprave za rasvjetu i [[Kadionica|kadionice]]. Jak zapadni utjecaj prilikom izrade ovhm predmeta, ili izostaje ili je asimiliran u bizantijsku tradiciju, što je vidljivo u njihovoj ikonografiji i obliku. Posrebrene korice lekcionara evanđelja spadaju u posebnu kategoriju medu liturgijskim predmetima. Posrebrene korice evanđelja izrađuju se iz jednog komada metala ili se sastoje od metalnih okvira različitih oblika čija je terminologija poznata iz srednjobizantijskih manastirskih inventara. Okviri su bili prikovani za kožni ili platneni povez, kao u slučaju crvenog i zlatnog tkanog tekstila na evanđelju koje je [[Marija Paleologina Kantakuzena|Marija Komnen Paleologina]] predstavila Bogorodici iz [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]] opisanog u pjesmi pripisanoj bizantijskom pjesniku [[Manuel Files|Manuelu Filesu]]. Gamata ili gamatia (ugaoni dijelovi u obliku grčkog slova gama) bili su omiljeni oblik ukrašavanja za četvorougaone površine, dok su mali kružni pričvršćivaći (boulai i amigdalije) imali praktičnu upotrebu u zaštiti kožnih poveza budući da su knjige bile odlagane vodoravno na policama. Ikonografija korica knjige usko je povezana s ikonografijom ilustracija na početku teksta iz knjige, slijedeći tradiciju započetu u [[Kasna antika|kasnoj antici]]. Medutim, kasnobizantijske ukrasne korice urađene iz jednog dijela upečatljivo podsjećaju na prijenosne ikone, na čijim se srebrnim oblogama medaljoni s poprsjima svetaca i/ili plakete sa scenama iz [[Dvanaest velikih praznika]] (''dodekaortona''), raspoređenih u hijerarhijskom redu vezanom za ikonografiju svetišta i crkvenih prostora koja ih okružuju. Pomak ka modelu preuzetom od zidnog slikarstva pratio je opadanje rukopisnih minijatura od 12. vijeka nadalje i rast važnosti slikarstva u formuliranju liturgijskih tema, koje su se sa sve većim naglaskom upotrebljavale za ukrašavanje crkava. Tipični srednjobizantijski procesijski krstovi s metalnom jezgrom i trapezoidnim krakovima koji se završavaju prepoznatljivom ornamentacijom sačuvani su u [[Gruzija|Gruziji]], [[Anadolija|Maloj Aziji]] i egejskim ostrvima sve do 17. vijeka. Potonji su grubo pečatirani i jasno predstavljaju kraj jedne umjetničke tradicije. Najraniji poznati procesijski krstovi u italijanskom stilu potječu iz 15. i 16. vijeka i imaju krakove koji se završavaju sa tri ili četiri režnja i drvenim umjesto metalnim jezgrom. U kasnobizantijskom zidnom slikarstvu preovlađuju krstovi [[Golgota|golgotskog]] tipa sa dva ili tri vodoravna kraka. Gornji krak predstavlja produžetak titulusa (natpisa pribijenog iznad Hristove glave), dok je u ovom kasnijem periodu treći krak sve više ispod, postavljen ravno ili ukošen, što vuče korijene iz oslonca za noge. Ovakva vrsta krstova može se vidjeti u manastirima Vatoped, Protaton i Dionizije na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]] kao i Lefkara na [[Kipar|Kipru]]. Medutim, nisu se koristili za vjerske procesije nego su postavljani na oltar i proskinetarion, stalak ugrađen u hram. [[Ripidija|Ripidije]] su liturgijske lepeze sa simboličnim prikazima četvorolikih [[heruvim]]a koji lete oko Božijeg prijestolja, a mogu se vidjeti na zidnom slikarstvu iz ovog kasnog bizantijskog perioda. Drugi liturgijski pribor neophodan za bogosluženje u bizantijskim crkvama bile su kadionice i naprave za rasvjetu, koje su sačuvane iz kasnobizantijskog perioda u obliku predmeta urađenih od [[legura]] [[Bakar|bakra]]. Najčešće vrste su livene katzije (uspravne kadionice) sa drškom ukrašenom ponavljajućim prikazima stilizovanih lisnatih motiva, te pticama ili životinjama. Poznati su na osnovu nekoliko primjera, jednog otkopanog iz grobnice u Mistri i drugi na [[Kosovo|Kosovu]], kao i drugi koji se danas čuvaju u muzejima i manastirskim riznicama. Tehnika livenja metala i ukrasni prikazi životinja i ptica povezuju ove katzije sa bizantijskim sredstvima za rasvjetu kao što su lusteri, te kandilo u [[Manastir Visoki Dečani|manastiru Visoki Dečani]] i polikandela (viseći držač za uljanice) u Muzeju Metsovo u sjevernoj Grčkoj.<ref name="BFP"/> === Liturgijski i sekularni tekstil === [[Datoteka:Altar Cloth or Podea MET DP121990.jpg|thumb|300px|desno|Oltarsko platno urađeno od vezene svile, kasni 14. vijek, [[Metropolitan (muzej)|Metropolitan muzej]].]] Konstantinopolj, koji je bio na raskršću puteva između [[Bliski istok|Bliskog istoka]], [[Azija|Azije]] i [[Evropa|Evrope]], bio je središte jedne od najopsežnijih trgovačkih mreža na svijetu, upravo zahvaljujući tako povoljnom geostrateškom položaju. Bizantinci iz Konstantinopolja postali su izuzetno bogati i oblačili su se tako da pokažu svoj status i uspjeh. Posjetioci su često komentarisali odjeću rađenu od najfinije svile, koju je nosilo stanovništvo ovog grada. Tekstilna umjetnost bila je jedan od najcjenjenijih zanata u Bizantijskom Carstvu, a smatrana je visokom umjetnošću, baš kao i slikarstvo, skulptura i arhitektura. Mnogi sačuvani primjerci bizantijskog tekstila slijedili su standarde koje je postavila bizantijska crkva (koja će kasnije postati Grčka pravoslavna crkva) za kontrolu nad drugim vrstama umjetnosti. Većim dijelom sačuvani primjerci tekstila odnose se na one koje je Crkva koristila za posebne prilike, u odnosu na manji broj primjeraka koji su korišteni u svakodnevne svrhe. <ref name="ABAT">{{Cite web|url= https://nazmiyalantiquerugs.com/blog/antique-byzantine-art-textiles/|title= ''Antique Byzantine Art: Textiles''|work= nazmiyalantiquerugs.com|access-date= 20. 1. 2022}}</ref> Bizantijski tekstil uglavnom je bio izrađivan od [[lan]]a, [[Vuna|vune]] i [[Svila|svile]], dok se [[pamuk]] rjeđe spominje u pisanim izvorima. Proizvodio se u državnim tkaonicama, privatnim radionicama i individualnim domaćinstvima, u zavisnosti od vrste, kvaliteta i upotrebe. [[Aleksandrija]] (i [[Egipat]] općenito) i [[Sirija]] bili su posebno istaknuti po proizvodnji tekstila prije nego što su pali pod vlast [[Arapi|Arapa]] u 7. vijeku. Poznato je da su Solun, Korint, Teba i Atina imali važne radionice za tkanje tekstila (posebno svile) između 10. i 12. vijeka. U pisanim izvorima zabilježen je veliki izbor tekstila, gdje se pored najcjenjenije svile i purpurno obojenog sukna, spominju domaća vunena, gruba i fina lanena sukna. Obične tunike i ogrtači izrađivali su se od obične lanene, vunene ili pamučne tkanine, dok je svila, često pletena zlatnim nitima, bila nošnja careva, carskog doma i dvorskih službenika. Zavjese za krevete i prozore, te tepihe izvedeni u različitim materijalima i tehnikama bili su redovna komponenta domaće i službene arhitekture, kako svjetovne tako i vjerske. Dobar primjer su zavjese koje su ispunjavale prostore između [[stub]]ova u mozaicima u bazilici [[Teodorik Veliki|Teodorika Velikog]] u [[Sant' Apollinare Nuovo]] u italijanskom gradu [[Ravenna|Ravenni]]. Važnost tekstila u arhitektonskom kontekstu otkriva se u beskonačnom otvaranju i zatvaranju zavjesa oko cara i carske palate kako je zabilježeno u knjizi [[De ceremoniis]] o ceremonijalnom protokolu na dvoru bizantijskih careva u Konstantinopolju. Zavjese su imale više čisto dekorativnu ulogu, a često su bile izvedene u tehnici tapiserija, posebno pogodnih za portretiranje figuralnih subjekata, kako svjetovnih tako i religioznih. Svilena tapiserija koja prikazuje trijumfalnog cara u Bambergu rijedak je kasniji primjerak ovih tkanja (početak 11. vijeka).<ref name="BT">{{Cite web|url= https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/byzantinetextile|title= ''Byzantine Textile''|work= libguides.ku.tr|access-date= 13. 1. 2022}}</ref> Ćilimi koji su krasili palate i domove ljudi služili su za pokazivanje statusa i bogatstva. Važna je i izrada bizantijskih tepiha, koji pokazuju slične dizajne i boje kao i islamski ćilimi tog vremena. Na osnovu izučavanja slikovnih prikaza bizantolozi su uočili da je bizantijski umjetnički tekstil bio rađen u jarkim živim bojama, sa sklonošću prema [[Crvena|crvenoj]] i [[Plava|plavoj]] koje su bile preovladavajuće (baš kao i danas), a također su korištene svijetle [[Narančasta|narančaste]] i ljubičaste boje. Ovi primjerci pokazuju visoko razvijenu kontrolu procesa i postupaka bojenja. U to vrijeme, sve ove briljantne boje bile su stvarane samo pomoću biljnih boja. Na ivičnom dizajnu bizantijskih prostirki obično su bili prikazi cvjetova, biljnih motiva, vinove loze i lišća. U središnjem dijelu ovih tepiha često su predstavljani ljudi i događaji. Ponekad su ovi ćilimi bivali okačeni na zidove i korišteni kao tapiserije za dekoraciju i izolaciju. Ova veoma kvalitetna djela bizantijske umjetnosti pokazuju stručno znanje i umijeće tkalaca, koji su često spajali vunene, pamučne, svilene i zlatne niti u jedan komad. Korijene islamskog i perzijskog dizajna mogu se pronaći u obrubama i šarama bizantijskih tepiha.<ref name="ABAT"/> Izrada bizantijskog tekstila ne prestaje čak ni tokom latinske okupacije Konstantinopolja između 1204 - 61, samo što su radionice za njihovu izradu jednostavno premještene u [[Nikeja|Nikeju]] i druge gradove pod kontrolom carstva, gdje je nastavljeno sa njihovom proizvodnjom.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.austriaca.at/0xc1aa5576_0x00178c52.pdf|title= ''Textiles and Dress in Byzantium''|work= austriaka.at|access-date= 14. 1. 2022}}</ref> U bizantijskoj kulturi, pravila pravilnog odijevanja bila su vrlo važna u svim oblicima društvenih aktivnosti, među kojima su najvažnije bile carske ceremonije i crkveni rituali. Odjeća se uvelike koristila za pokazivanje hijerarhijskih odnosa moći i simboličkih asocijacija na božansko i sveto, što je uveliko potvrđeno tekstualnim i vizualnim izvorima. Upotreba bizantijskog tekstila bila je posebno važna za ukrašavanje gradova prilikom carskih posjeta. Na ovaj način, carska moć i kontrola davali su posebno obilježje gradu prilikom carske posjete zbog svoje materijalne prirode, specifičnog vremenskog prikaza i posebne ikonografije, pri čemu su ovi tekstili posredovali u konceptima centralnim za carsku [[Ideologija|ideologiju]]. Ova dinamična sposobnost bizantijskog tekstila da djeluje kao posrednik između različitih društvenih aktera u složenim političkim kontekstima također je evidentna u onome što profesorica sa [[Univerzitet u Cambridgeu|Univerziteta u Cambridgeu]] Ana Maria Muthesius naziva "svilenom diplomatijom". Kao dragocjeni diplomatski darovi, [[bizantijska svila]] imala je jasnu i učinkovitu posredničku ulogu upravo zato što je kao tekstil bila prenosiva i prilagodljiva, utjelovljavala je bizantijske društvene i kulturne vrijednosti kroz svoj dragocjeni materijal, kvalitet, ikonografiju i prestiž. Time je bizantijska svila djelovala kao kulturni i politički ambasador, djelujući kao višestruki i dinamični pokretač kontakta i razmjene. Važan primjer živog prisustva tkanina u bizantijskoj kulturi i bogatog bizantijskog iskustva s tekstilom i kroz tekstil jest istaknuta upotreba šatora. Šatori su se uglavnom koristili u vojnim pohodima, lovačkim ekspedicijama i svečanim prilikama, a bili su vrlo cijenjeni zbog sigurnosti, mobilnosti i širokih mogućnosti za pokazivanje visokog statusa njihovog vlasnika. Šatori su bili prostori za kontakte i diplomatske sastanke, a sami su nuđeni i kao diplomatski pokloni. Strani posjetioci i državnici hvalili su njihovu višestruku upotrebu i kvalitet materijala, čineći bizantijske tkanine moćnim kulturnim posrednicima.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.doaks.org/resources/textiles/essays/evangelatou|title= ''Textile Mediation in Late Byzantine Visual Culture: Unveiling Layers of Meaning through the Fabrics of the Chora Monastery''|work= doaks.org|access-date= 7. 1. 2022}}</ref> Trgovina bizantijskim tekstilom odvijala se ne samo s evropskim vladarima, nego su trgovina i diplomatski pokloni bili veoma rašireni i s islamskim vladarima. Ovi luksuzni predmeti bili su jedna od važnih tačaka u razmjeni darova između bizantijskih i islamskih dvorova, koji istovremeno artikulišu dinamiku moći između davaoca i primaoca kroz simbole odražavajući obostrano priznate simbole kraljevske vlasti. Postoje dvije važne vrste ukrasa koji nam govore o tome kako je hijerarhija između islamskog i bizantijskog dvora uspostavljana kroz društveno značenje, a to su: sedlo antičkog kralja [[Aleksandar Veliki|Aleksandra Velikog]] i prsluk ukrašen pečatom [[Stari zavjet|starozavjetnog]] [[Solomon|kralja Solomona]]. Ove ličnosti su prihvatljive i kao simbol uspješne vladavine. Zbog takve istovjetnosti, bizantolozi [[Robin Cormack]] i [[Alice Walker]] smatraju da su diplomatske razmjene poklona između ove dvije različite vjerske i političke sile tog doba pokazatelj njihovog prijateljstva. Istovremeno, ova vrsta umjetnosti djeluje kao zajednički simbolički jezik u diplomatskim odnosima, pri čemu se tekstilni proizvodi mogu tumačiti kao predstavljanje prepoznatljive simboličke i ekonomske moći vladara. Nisu samo figuralni motivi korišteni kao obrazac pri izradi bizantijske svile koja je bila poslana na poklon islamskim dvorovima. Prikazi bizantijskih careva u lovu i njihove jahačke pratnje predstavljaju sliku snage i hrabrosti vladara, dok cvijeće i drveće predstavljaju slike rajskih vrtova, miroljubivi lavovi i orlovi carsku moć, a paunovi i slonovi egzotične figure. Slike novijih vladara također su korištene kao ukras poput motiva starih dobrih kraljeva. Naprimjer, poklon koji je kralj [[Roman I Lakapin]] poslao [[Abasidi|abasidskom]] halifi [[Al-Radi]]ju bio je ukrašen predstavom jahaćeg kralja sa zastavom u ruci, kao i ogrtač grimizne boje na kojem je prikaz figure jahaćeg kralja. Ovim svilenim tkaninama ne samo da se propagira moć bizantijskih careva nego i namjera o uspostavljanju mirnog političkog i vojnog saveza s abasidskim halifama. Druga važna tačka za tekstilni poklon jest njihova boja.<ref name="BT"/> Prema tekstu iz 11. vijeka pod nazivom [[Knjiga poklona i rariteta|Knjige poklona i rariteta]] (arapski: Kitāb al-Hadāyā wa al-Tuḥaf)<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/673076.Book_of_Gifts_and_Rarities_Kit_b_Al_Had_y_Wa_Al_Tu_af_|title= ''Book of Gifts and Rarities (Kitāb Al-Hadāyā Wa Al-Tuḥaf): Selections Compiled in the Fifteenth Century from an Eleventh-Century Manuscript on Gifts and Treasures''|work= goodreads.com|access-date= 17. 1. 2022}}</ref>, napisano je da su mnogi ogrtači [[Ljubičasta|ljubičaste]] i [[Crvena|crveno]] ljubičaste boje bili poslani abasidskom halifi Al-Radiju. S druge strane, crvene i ljubičaste boje tekstila bile su regulisane u Bizantijskom Carstvu. Posebno se to odnosi na ljubičastu, koju je još [[Julije Cezar|Gaj Julije Cezar]] ustanovio kao carsku boju za tekstil i imala je drugačiji status na carskom dvoru od ostalih. Veoma se malo zna o umjetnicima i radionicama u kojima je proizveden tekstil iz kasnog bizantijskog perioda.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.academia.edu/29360626/Byzantine_Textile_As_A_Communication_Way_In_Diplomacy|title= ''Byzantine Textile: As A Communication Way In Diplomacy''|work= academia.edu|access-date= 14. 1. 2022}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Gold-thread embroidered Aer, a liturgical cloth used to cover the vessels of the Eucharist - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Zlatnim nitima izvezeno liturgijsko platno ([[aer]]) urađeno krajem 13. vijeka, kojim se pokrivalo euharistijsko posuđe, visina 52 cm, širina 65 cm, [[Benaki muzej]], [[Atina]].]] Posebnu kategoriju čine tekstili koji su bili razvijani u službi crkvenog obreda, gdje su vremenom različiti oltarni pokrovi i druge liturgijske tkanine kao što su [[aer]], [[antimins]], [[eiliton]] i [[endit]] dobijali prepoznatljive oblike i posebnu dekoraciju. Velovi za [[kalež]]e i [[paten]]e (grčki: poterokalymma, diskokalymma) poznati su kao "mali aer". Veliki veo koji ih je oboje pokrivao zove se "veliki aer". Bizantijski teolozi su ritual prinošenja hljeba i vina na oltarski stol i prekrivanje aerom tumačili kao simbol Hristovog sahranjivanja. U skladu sa praksom da liturgijski tekstil daje slikoviti oblik skrivenoj simbolici liturgije, počelo se sa vezenjem velova velikog aera na kojima su prikazi mrtvog Hrista. Najraniji sačuvani primjeri potječu još iz približno 1300. godine i konvencionalno su poznati po grčkom nazivu "epitaphoi" (doslovno, "na grobu") zbog njihovog prikaza svetog tijela postavljenog za sahranu. Upotreba vezenog platna prilikom rituala rekonstrukcije Hristove pogrebne povorke prvi put je potvrđena u knjizi liturgijskih uputstava koja potječe iz 1346, a u njoj se navodi da sveštenik nosi knjigu [[Evanđelje|evanđelja]] (drevni simbol Hristove prisutnosti) na desnom ramenu, umotanu u aer, koji služi i kao veo za pričesni pribor. Kao što su velovi za euharistijsko posuđe činili vidljivim njihov unutrašnji smisao, tako je i liturgijska odjeća bizantijskog sveštenstva otkrivala teološku važnost njihove službe. Prema pisanom izvoru solunskog arhiepiskopa Simeona iz 15. vijeka: {{Citat|upravo zato što je episkop Hristov lik, pripremajući se za službu, on se oblači u svete odežde, koje sve imaju simboliku i duhovno tumačenje".}} [[Datoteka:Large sakkos of photius.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Prednji dio velikog sakosa moskovskog mitropolita Fotija urađen od satena vezenog zlatnim i srebrnim nitima i svilom sa biserima između 1414-17, [[Palata oružja]] u Kremlju, Moskva]] Tumačiti odeždu sveštenstva kao sredstvo kojim visoko sveštenstvo predstavlja Hrista ima dug pedigre u Bizantiji. U isto vrijeme oblici odijela koji su bili uspostavljeni mnogo prije [[Bizantijski ikonoklazam|ikonoborstva]] doživjeli su brz razvoj i razradu. Rezultat je bio da je nova odjeća bila ograničena na najviše činove sveštenstva. Najbolji primjer je liturgijska odjeća ukrašena vezenom mustrom na kojima su prikazani krstovi (polistaurion). Najspektakularniji od ovih kasnih dodataka biskupskoj garderobi bio je [[sakos]], euharistijska [[tunika]] sa širokim kratkim rukavima i prepoznatljivom ukrasnom mustrom. Ukras za dva sakosa moskovskog mitropolita [[Fotije (mitropolit moskovski)|Fotija]] (slika desno) urađenih u Konstantinopolju, a potom poslatih u Moskvu kao poklon, upečatljivi su po ponavljanju ikonografskih tema koje su već bile zastupljene na zidovima i ikonostasima tipičnih kasnobizantijskih crkava. Ovo ponavljanje slika pomaže da se arhiepiskop poveže sa svetim likovima prikazanim na njegovoj odeždi. Sakos je svojom dizajnom sastavljenim od tekstilnih kockica i krutim, izvezenim ukrasom preobrazio izgled arhiepiskopa u spljoštenu, svešteničku figuru, koja podsjeća na svete biskupe s crkvenih freski i ikona. Do kasnog 14. vijeka bogatstvo i gustina likova na odjeći visokog sveštenstva bili su posebno vidljivi kada su biskupi svečano obučeni stajali usred [[naos]]a, gdje se izbliza moglo vidjeti njihovo raskošno ruho. U najsvečanijim trenucima liturgije zavjesa ikonostasa bi se povukla u stranu, kako bi se otkrio episkop koji je stajao u vratima. Uokviren slikama na ikonostasu, slike na njegovoj odeždi privlačile bi pažnju okupljenih vjernika da gledaju na njega kao na živi produžetak svetilišta i njegovih ikona. Boljem razumijevanju izgleda i uloge liturgijskog tekstila tokom paleološkog perioda bizantolozima pomažu i freske, kao naprimjer, one u crkvi Peribleptos u Mistri na Peloponezu. Na njima je prikazana procesija Velikog ulaza koju izvode anđeli obučeni kao sveštenici i kao đakoni. Kao slavljenik ove "nebeske liturgije" (naziv koji ovoj ikonografiji obično daju historičari umjetnosti), Hristos stoji na oslikanom oltaru u ulozi i kostimu patrijarha, dok anđeli sveštenici idu prema njemu noseći zastrte kaleže, a anđeli đakoni nose prekrivene patene balansirane na njihovim glavama. Ovo neobično držanje anđela đakona precizno odražava pravce liturgijskih uputstava onovremenih knjiga (odnosno "dijatakseisa"). Tako je nebeska liturgija predstavljena kao bliska zrcalna slika zemaljskih obreda koji se vrše u prostoru crkve.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.academia.edu/13892000/Orthodox_Liturgical_Textiles_and_Clerical_Self-Referentiality|title= ''Orthodox Liturgical Textiles and Clerical Self-Referentiality''|work= academia.edu|access-date= 20. 1. 2022}}</ref> Simbolička povezanost liturgijskih obreda sa Hristovim životom zabilježenim u evanđeljima utjecala je na ukrašavanje tekstila, a ovaj simbolizam je vidljiv i na prikazima scena iz evandelja na odjeći visokog bizantijskog sveštenstva.<ref name="BT"/> Tekstilna umjetnost pomogla je da se definira bogatstvo i moć Bizantijskog Carstva, a istovremeno je obogatila cjelokupnu bizantijsku umjetnost.<ref name="ABAT"/> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija liturgijskog i sekularnog bizantijskog tekstila"> Datoteka:Kaisariani Monastery 03.jpg|Freske iz manastira Kaisariani u Atini, sa prikazanim sveštenicima u odorama tokom vjerske službe (donji dio slike) Datoteka:Antimension1.jpg|Antimins iz Rumunije, [[Oradea|Oradea-Mare]], 1890. Datoteka:Antimins iz 1692. godine, [[Manastir Rača|manastir Rača]] Datoteka:Dues4Sept21 2009.jpg| Sveštenik stoji za oltarom tokom liturgijskog rituala. Aer je položen preko kaleža i patena (diskosa) Datoteka:Silver-thread embroidered antimensium bearing the representation of the Lament - Google Art Project.jpg|Srebrnim koncem izvezen antimins sa prikazom oplakivanja Hrista, sredina 16. vijeka, visina 40 cm, širina 53 cm, Benaki muzej u Atini Datoteka:Сербский Антиминс.jpg|Srbijanski antimins iz 16. vijeka Datoteka:Gavriele0269.jpg|Religijska zastava ([[Horugva]]) s ikonom sveca, crkva svetog Gabriela u [[Nazaret]]u </gallery> == Reference == {{refspisak}} {{Bizantijska umjetnost}} [[Kategorija:Bizantijska umjetnost]] [[Kategorija:Grčka kultura]] [[Kategorija:Historija umjetnosti]] [[Kategorija:13. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] [[Kategorija:14. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] [[Kategorija:15. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] fs3g8tg44qipi87h4f2yb3x3ptaj4e7 3426952 3426951 2022-08-01T19:48:54Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bizantijska umjetnost tokom egzila (1204–1261) i vladavine dinastije Paleolog''' bilo je razdoblje [[Bizantijska umjetnost|bizantijske umjetnosti]] povezano s postojanjem [[Nikejsko Carstvo|Nikejskog Carstva]], te drugih država nasljednica [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]] i s vladavinom posljednjeg cara [[Konstantin XI|Konstantina XI]] iz dinastije [[Paleolog (dinastija)|Paleolog]] u obnovljenom Bizantijskom Carstvu između 1204. i 1453. Vladavina Paleologa bila je obilježena obnovom propadajućeg carstva i svijesti o državnoj i nacionalnoj kulturi.<ref name="AOBW">''Art of the Byzantine World'', Christa Schug-Wille, Harry N. Abrams, INC. Publishers, New York City, Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 75-92912, Germany, 1969., str. 200-252</ref> Figurativne umjetnosti, posebno religijsko slikarstvo, doživjele su posljednje zlatno razdoblje u vrijeme Paleologa. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavile približavanje kraja bizantijske države, grčke radionice u kojima su radili mozaičari, slikari i kipari i dalje su bile vrlo zauzete i narudžbi nije nedostajalo. Uglavnom su dolazile od članova važnih plemićkih porodica iz Konstantinopolja i provincija, kao i od slavenskih, bugarskih i srpskih vladara koji su slijedili primjer bizantijskih careva. Većina umjetničkih djela urađenih za vrijeme vladavine Paleologa mogu se naċi u glavnom gradu Carstva, [[Mistras]]u, na sjeveru Grčke, u Srbiji i Bugarskoj.<ref name="AOBE">{{cite web|access-date=24. 3. 2021 |title= The Art of the Byzantine Empire |url= https://monoskop.org/images/9/99/Grabar_Andre_The_art_of_the_Byzantine_Empire_1967.pdf |work=monoskop.org}}</ref> Zbog veoma uspješnog razvoja [[Filozofija|filozofije]], [[Nauka|nauke]] i umjetnosti, ovaj period historičari umjetnosti ponekad nazivaju i paleološkom renesansom ili trećim zlatnim dobom bizantijske umjetnosti.<ref name="AOBW"/> == Historijski okvir == [[Datoteka:Michael VIII Palaiologos (head).jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Car [[Mihael VIII Paleolog]], utemeljitelj posljednje vladarske dinastije Bizantijskog Carstva.]] Vijekovi neprekidne rimske političke tradicije i [[Helenizam|helenističke]] civilizacije pretrpjeli su krizu 1204. nakon napada venecijanskih i francuskih vitezova na Konstantantinopolj u okviru [[Četvrti krstaški rat|Četvrtog krstaškog rata]]. Kao rezultat, Bizantijsko Carstvo privremeno je prestalo postojati, a njegov glavni grad, [[Konstantinopolj]] postao je sjedištem katoličkog [[Latinsko Carstvo|Latinskog Carstva]]. Tokom krstaške opsade veliki dio grada izgorio je, a naknadnom pljačkom krstaša dodatno je opustošen u to vrijeme najbogatiji evropski grad.<ref name="GOB">''The Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era'', Helen C. Evans, William D. Wixom, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, drugo izdanje, 1997, str. 12–19; {{ISBN|0-87099-777-7}}</ref> Opljačkani su svi oni umjetnički predmeti od izuzetne vrijednosti koji su bili gomilani u riznicama palača i crkava. Oltar u [[Aja Sofija|Aja Sofiji]] koji je bio ukrašen [[emajl]]ima i dragim kamenjem razbijen je na komade nad kojima su se vojnici borili, a [[ambon]] (povišeno mjesto u crkvi namijenjeno čitanju biblijskih tekstova u liturgiji) i ikonostas lišeni su zlatnih i srebrnih ukrasa. Plaćenici su u crkvu uvodili mazge koje bi natovarili opljačkanim dragocjenim predmetima. Čak i slike [[Isus Hrist|Isusa Hrista]] i svetaca nisu bile imune i koristile su se kao stepenice. Osvajači se na tome nisu zaustavili, a carske grobnice u [[Crkva svetih apostola u Carigradu|Crkvi svetih apostola]] (grč. Agioi Apostoloi) bile su opljačkane zbog svog bogatstva. Ukradena su i drevna remek djela iz cijelog grčkog svijeta koja su ukrašavala Konstantinopolj. [[Bronza]]ni kipovi bacani su u peć, gdje su pretopljeni i od kojih su pravljeni teški novčići. Mnogo toga se izgubilo, a i sami Bizantinci izgubili su modele kojima su mnogo puta bili nadahnuti i čije postojanje je tako doprinijelo održavanju kulta ljepote.<ref name="BA">Bayet, Charles. Byzatine Art. New York : Parkstone Press International, 2009. ISBN 978-1-84484-620-7. str. 157 – 164.</ref> Uništavanje tokom napada na grad, te naknadno zanemarivanje naročito gradske sekularne arhitekture ostavilo je nepotpuno razumijevanje bizantijske umjetnosti. Broj gradskog stanovništva znatno se smanjio, što je utjecalo i na broj naučnika, umjetnika i zanatlija. Konstantinopolj je izgubio ulogu glavnog kreativnog središta u [[Istočna Evropa|istočnoj Evropi]] i [[Mediteran]]u, a Bizantijsko Carstvo nikad više neċe u potpunosti povratiti nekadašnju slavu i prosperitet. Osim nekoliko boljih [[Freska|freski]] i [[minijatura]] nastalih prije nego što su ga Bizantinci predvođeni [[Mihael VIII Paleolog|Mihaelom VIII Paleologom]] ponovo zauzeli 1261, nije proizvedeno mnogo inovativne umjetnosti.<ref name="GOB"/> Tokom perioda latinske vladavine, intervencija grčkih pravoslavnih umjetnika u Konstantinopolju nije mnogo uočljiva na jedinom sačuvanom fragmentu freske (scena iz života svetog [[Franjo Asiški|Franje Asiškog]] otkrivena u Kalenderhane džamiji). Saradnja između grčkih i latinskih umjetnika može se naći i u drugim djelima poput [[Slonovača|slonovače]] proizvedene u rimskoj [[Palestina (pokrajina)|Palestini]] za princezu Melissande. Odjeċa i draperije na ovoj skulpturi ukazuje na miješanje latinskog i grčkog umjetniċkog stila. Glavno središte bizantijske umjetnosti postalo je Nikejsko Carstvo u [[Mala Azija|Maloj Aziji]], u kojoj je dinastija Laskaris došla na vlast. Velika masa grčkih učenjaka i zanatlija stigla je do Nikeje i nastavila da razvija bizantijsku umjetnost i nauku pod pokroviteljstvom careva u emigraciji. Tokom latinske vladavine, Bizantijsko Carstvo je posljednji put iskusilo veliki utjecaj anadolskog [[Helenizam|helenizma]] u svom stvaralaštvu, jer je u narednom vijeku carstvo potpuno izgubilo Anadoliju.<ref name="BA"/> U manjoj mjeri, bizantijska umjetnost preživjela je i na teritorijama manjih novonastalih država - [[Epirska Despotovina|Epira]] i [[Trapezunt]]a, gdje su lokalni autonomni vladari vjerovatno zapošljavali domaće zanatlije. U Srbiji, Bugarskoj ili drugim zemljama u okruženju mogu se pronaći radovi matičnih škola koje se prilično razlikuju od ranijih bizantijskih djela, ali neki od njihovih elemenata svjedoče o snažnom utjecaju primjera iz [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|komnenskog perioda]]. Međutim, za historiju umjetnosti pojam "nacionalnosti" umjetnika manje je važan od namjere umjetnika da grade crkvu "à la maniera greca" (u grčkom maniru). [[Datoteka:LatinEmpire2.png|thumb|400px|lijevo|Podjela Bizantijskog Carstva 1204, neposredno nakon [[Četvrti krstaški rat|Četvrtog krstaškog rata]]]] Period krize u izgnanstvu i naknadno ponovno osvajanje glavnog grada i latinskih teritorija pod komandom vladara iz dinastije Paleolog donijeli su nova iskustva u bizantijsku umjetnost. Preuzeti su pogledi na umjetnost od privremenih osvajača, kao i drugih naroda bizantijskog kulturnog kruga. Nakon povratka glavnog grada pod vlast nove dinastije Paleolog, bizantijski umjetnici razvili su novo zanimanje za krajolik i pastoralnu scenu i tradicionalni mozaik. Donijeta su nova iskustva u bizantinsku umjetnost preuzeta iz zapadne, ali i iz umjetnosti susjednih pravoslavnih zemalja. Međutim, Bizantijsko Carstvo, a s njim i paleološka umjetnost, i dalje je karakterizirala znatna decentralizacija. U umjetničkoj aktivnosti njene posljedice mogu se vidjeti u raspoloženju arhitektonskih spomenika na tom području, od brojnih hramova u Srbiji (npr. [[manastir Sopoċani]]), preko Makedonije i Soluna do umjetnosti u Epiru (današnja [[Albanija]] i [[Grčka]]) i [[Mistras]]u na [[Peloponez]]u. U duhovnom okruženju razvija se i preovladava molitvena tradicija [[Istihaza|istihaze]]. Zajedno s tim izgrađuje se i niz stilski raznovrsnih manastira na visokim stijenama, poznatih pod nazivom [[Meteora]]. Glavno središte srednjovjekovnih kaluđera i isposnika na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]] se širi, u kojem je svaki veći pravoslavni narod postepeno gradio svoj manastir. Uloga svetogorskih manastira povećala se još više tokom perioda istihaze.No, pored ovih tradicionalnih tema pojavljuje se i nova tema: ljudska figura, koja se na sarkofazima nije vidjela od ranobizantskog razdoblja. Predstave ljudi, njihovi portreti pokojnika i svetaca, Krista i Bogorodice, ponovno se pojavljuju u to vrijeme u nizu vrsta skulptura, posebno onih povezanih s grobnicom. Istaknutost ljudskog lika u vizantijskoj skulpturi izmenila je 13. i 15. vijeka ukazuju na trajno interesovanje bizantijskih skulptora za drevne oblike i stilove, inspirisane grčko-rimskim skulpturama sačuvanim na bizantskim teritorijima.''Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261 - 1557)'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, prvo izdanje, 2004, str. 5–15, 17–92, 95–103; {{ISBN|1-58839-113-2}}</ref> U manastirima na Svetoj gori čuvaju se bogate zbirke dobro očuvanih bizantijskih i srednjovjekovnih artefakata, rijetkih knjiga, drevnih dokumenata i umjetnina od ogromne historijske vrijednosti.<ref name="ARS">{{Cite web|url=https://arsartisticadventureofmankind.wordpress.com/2015/06/08/the-byzantine-monasteries-of-mount-athos-in-greece-and-the-byzantine-art-in-the-balkan-peninsula/|title=The Byzantine monasteries of Mount Athos in Greece and the Byzantine art in the Balkan Peninsula|work=arsartisticadventureofmankind.wordpress.com|access-date=10. 8. 2021}}</ref> Bizantijska umjetnost nastavila se širiti prema [[Rusija|Rusiji]], [[Venecija|Veneciji]] i na [[Balkan]]u, ali nije imala utjecaja na muslimanske [[Turci|Turke]]. Uprkos uspješnoj obnovi, zlatno doba Bizantijskog Carstva bilo je prošlost. Prijetnja novim krstaškim ratom, borbama s Osmanlijama i neprestanim građanskim ratovima 1320. - 1350. oslabila je carstvo i dovela do gubitka brojnih teritorija, a ostao je samo [[Peloponez|Peloponesko poluostrvo]], uski pojas oko glavnog grada i neka ostrva na Egejskom moru. U posljednjim godinama postojanja Bizantijskog Carstva u zemlji se počeo manifestirati svojevrsni dualizam moći - glavni centar moći u Carigradu, koji je nestao 1453, i drugi centar moći u Mistrasu - [[Morejska Despotovina]]. Moreja na Peloponezu također je postala važno umjetničko središte, koje je nastavilo sa svojom umjetnikom aktivnošću i nakon propasti Bizantije.<ref name="BFP">''Byzantium: Faith and Power (1261–1557)'', The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, prvo izdanje, 2004, str. 5–15, 17–92, 95–250; {{ISBN|1-58839-113-2}}</ref> Italijanske zemlje, posebno [[Mletačka Republika]] i njihovo ostrvo [[Kreta]], postale su važno izgnanstvo za bizantijske umjetnike, gdje je bizantijska umjetnička tradicija trajala dugo nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja posljednje bizantijske države nasljednice. [[Kretska škola]] je postepeno uvodila zapadne elemente u svoj umjetnički stil i izvozila je veliki broj [[ikona]] na zapad. Njeni najpoznatiji svjetski umjetnici bili su [[El Greco]] i [[Mihael Damaskenos]]. Najveći preporod doživljavaju [[Mozaik|mozaici]] i [[Freska|freske]], koje se očituju dinamičnošću i narativnošću, a slike stvaraju zamršene tapiserije. Boje i veličina detalja također se mijenjaju i smanjuju. Najvažniji mozaici urađeni za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog sačuvani su u [[Manastir Hora|manastiru Hora]] i u [[Manastir Pammakaristos|manastiru Pammakaristos]] u [[Istanbul]]u. Iako se čini da su mozaici i freske [[Crkva svetih apostola|Crkve svetih apostola]] u [[Solun]]u djelo umjetnika iz Konstantinopolja koje je unajmio patrijarh Nefon 1312–1315, u gotovo svim slučajevima talentovani lokalni slikari radili su u Srbiji. Tokom razdoblja vladavine Paleologa anonimnost umjetničkih djela djelimično nestaje, jer su neki umjetnici svoja djela potpisivali od kraja 12. vijeka. Poznata su imena poput [[Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa|Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape]], koji su radili na ukrašavanju nekoliko crkava za srpskog kralja [[Uroš II Milutin|Uroša II. Milutina]] (1282 - 1321) i koji su naslikali veliki dio ikona koje su danas u [[Crkva svetog Klimenta|crkvi svetog Klimenta]] u [[Ohrid]]u. Iz ovog perioda sačuvan je i veliki broj drvenih panel-ikona čiji kvalitet izrade varira u zavisnosti od radionice gdje su izrađene, a radionice u Konstantinopolju održavale su relativno pristojan nivo kvaliteta izrade. Karakterizirali su ih manje strog pristup, novo uvažavanje čisto dekorativnih svojstava slike pri čemu je velika pažnja bila usmjerena prema detaljima, a sve ovo je općenito postalo poznato kao paleološki [[manirizam]]. Preovladavaju svijetle tople boje i shematski [[Zlato|zlatni]] slojevi naneseni potezima slikarske četkice. Kvalitet ikona varira u zavisnosti od proizvodne radionice, a radionice u Konstantinopolju održavaju relativno pristojan nivo. U hramovima su veliki mozaik ili ikonične slike bili okačeni ili na stubove pregrade ([[ikonostas]], [[templon]]) ili na ulazu u [[Brod (arhitektura)|brod]], kao što je to bio slučaj u crkvi Hora u Konstantinopolju, gdje su približno 1326. mozaici koji prikazuju sv. Petra i Pavla vode pogled vjernika u svetište. Međutim, gotovo svi ukrasi ovog tipa uništeni su tokom vremena. U [[Iluminacija|iluminaciji]] knjiga djela ne dosežu nivo iz prethodnih razdoblja i kvalitetnija djela su prilično rijetka, ali portreti na knjigama su novost. Zahvaljujući njima sačuvano je nekoliko carskih portreta. Kao i mnoge [[Minijatura|minijature]] iz tog vremena, naslikane su na odvojenim listovima ugrađenim u rukopise i stoga nisu djelo pisara. Umjetnici su koristili različite tehnike, pa su stoga neka heterogena djela možda potekla od jednog autora, uprkos anahronoj, ali uvriježenoj ideji specijalizacije. Slikari su zimi vjerovatno izrađivali ikone i rukopise, a ljeti [[Freska|freske]]. U 14. vijeku ne može se primijetiti veliki porast broja knjiga koje su opisivali laici i ilustrirali umjetnici koji nisu mogli biti ni sveštenici ni monasi. U umjetnosti izrade malih predmeta uočljiv je pad kvaliteta u odnosu na ranija razdoblja. Gubitak istočnih teritorija značio je nedostatak skupljih materijala, posebno [[Slonovača|slonovače]] i plemenitih metala. Proizvodnja je uglavnom bila usmjerena na drvo, a [[keramika]] se također više koristila. Težina radova također se smanjuje, a [[filigran]] postaje popularan. Više pažnje posvećeno je zaštiti ikona, a izrađuju se metalni okviri i keramičke pločice za ikone. Umjetnost izrade tkanina i vezova doživjela je znatan razvoj.<ref name="AOBE"/><ref name="BFP"/> == Izrada mozaika == [[Datoteka:Deesis mosaic Hagia Sophia.jpg|thumb|300px|desno|[[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaik]], smješten u zatvorenom carskom dijelu gornjih galerija u Aja Sofiji, predstavlja jedan od najboljih primjera paleološke renesanse.]] Pljačka Konstantinopolja koju su izveli krstaši 1204. dovela je do pada upotrebe mozaičke umjetnosti tokom sljedećih pola vijeka. Nakon bizantijskog oslobađanja grada 1261, Aja Sofija je obnovljena, a bizantijski umjetnici uradili su monumentalni [[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaik]] koji je urađen u svrhu obilježavanja oslobađanja od latinske okupacije. Na ovom mozaiku prikazan je Hristos uz kojeg su Bogorodica i sveti Ivan Krstitelj približno dva i po puta veći od prirodne veličine. Veličina ove tri figure odražava njihovu važnost u bizantijskoj kulturi. Tema u deisis mozaiku u kojem [[Bogorodica]] i [[sveti Ivan Krstitelj]] imaju ulogu posrednika kod Hrista u ime čovječanstva česta je u umjetnosti u raznim medijima od srednjobizantijskog razdoblja, pa nadalje, gdje se često upotrebljavala [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicija]] slična ovoj iz Aja Sofije. Također, ilustrirano je šire stremljenje ka [[Naturalizam|naturalizmu]] (oponašanje vidljivog svijeta) u kasnoj bizantijskoj umjetnosti. Smatra se jednim od najfinijih i najpoznatijih mozaika u Aja Sofiji zbog mehkoće njegovih karakteristika, intenzivnih emotivnih izraza humanosti i tonova, te spretnosti umjetnika prilikom njegove izade. Umjetnički stil blizak je stilu italijanskih slikara s kraja 13. i početka 14. vijeka, poput [[Duccio|Duccia]], i predstavlja najavu promjena u ranom [[Italijansko renesansno slikarstvo|italijanskom renesansnom slikarstvu]], a ujedno je jedan od najboljih primjera paleološke renesanse.<ref name="BFP"/><ref>{{Cite web|url= https://smarthistory.org/deesis-christ-with-the-virgin-mary-and-john-the-baptist-hagia-sophia-istanbul/|title= Late Byzantine naturalism: Hagia Sophia’s Deësis mosaic|website= smarthistory.org|access-date= 26. 3. 2021}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Istanbul - Chiesa Pammacaristos (Fetiye camii) - Cupola - Foto G. Dall'Orto 26-5-2006.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Pogled na središnju kupolu pareklesiona sa Hristom Pantokratorom okruženog prorocima iz [[Stari zavjet|Starog zavjeta]], [[manastir Bogorodica Pammakaristos]] Bizantijski humanizam doživio je novi procvat za vrijeme vladavine cara [[Andronik II Paleolog|Andronika II]] (1282. - 1328.) i njegova dva savjetnika [[Nikifor Humna|Nikiforom Humnom]] i [[Teodor Metohit|Teodorom Metohitom]], humanizam [[platon]]skog nadahnuća koji je u Bizantijsko Carstvo unio sekularni ton koji je postao novi i kojim je umjetnicima data nova svrha i smjer.<ref name="AOBW"/> Do kraja 13. vijeka prepoznatljiv oblik aristokratskog pokroviteljstva u Konstantinopolju bio je dodavanje novih građevina na već postojećim manastirima. Dva najambicioznija projekta iz tog vremena su [[paraklesion]] (pogrebna kapela), dodata [[Manastir Bogorodica Pammakaristos|manastiru Bogorodice Pammakaristos]] (danas Fetiye džamija) i obnova [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]] (danas džamija Kariye muzesi). U periodu između 1305 - 10 udovica bivšeg generala Michaela Glabasa Tarchaneiotesa, dala je da se pored manastira Bogorodice Pammakaristos izgradi mauzolej u obliku minijaturne crkve u obliku grčkog krsta posvećene Hristu. Mozaici su pažljivo planirani da funkcionišu kao ikone u čast preminulih. Izvođenje mozaika otkriva obrazac rada koji je tipičan nakon 1261. Hristos u kupoli uobičajena je slika Pantokratora, a umjetnik koji je to uradio vjerovatno je mnogo puta predstavljao Hrista u ovom obliku. Za razliku od Hrista u apsidi, koji je dio deisis grupe i žarište posredničkog ciklusa, bio je posebno tretiran i mnogo duguje novom modelu Hrista u [[Deisis (Aja Sofija)|Deisis mozaiku iz Aja Sofije]]. Međusobna povezanost ova dva cilja, tradicionalnog i eksperimentalnog, dinamika je umjetničkog stvaralaštva uočljivijeg nakon 1261. u odnosu na raniji period.<ref name="RC">''Byzantine Art'', Robin Cormack, Oxford University Press, objavljena 2000., {{ISBN|0-19-284211-0}}, str. 120, 207-215</ref> [[datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople (6).JPG|thumb|250px|desno|Mozaik na kojem je prikazan [[Teodor Metohit]] (lijevo), glavni donator obnove i unutrašnje dekoracije manastira Hora]] Najvažniji sačuvani mozaici iz vremena kasne bizantijske umjetnosti danas se mogu naċi u nekadašnjem manastiru Hora u Istanbulu. Svi mozaici u kupoli i polukružnoj [[Luneta|luneti]] na narteksu relativno su dobro očuvani, a između 1948. i 1958. obnovljeni su pod vodstvom direktora Američkog bizantijskog instituta Paula Adkinsa Underwooda. Ciklus biblijskih scena u bogatom, ukrasnom obrascu, sa svim vrstama fantastičnih životinjskih oblika, pokazuje izraženu sklonost klasičnim i ranohrišćanskim oblicima. U odabiru tema, primjetan je povratak bizantijskoj tradiciji nakon [[Bizantijski ikonoklazam|ikonoklazma]], ali s više pažnje posvećene ljudskom aspektu, podsjećajuċi na kasnije mozaike u [[Bazilika svetog Marka|bazilici svetog Marka]].<ref name="AOBW"/> Najvažniji narativni ciklusi smješteni su u sjevernom krilu unutrašnjeg ulaznog trijema (narteksa), u kojima je životna priča Bogorodice prikazana na osamnaest prekrasnih mozaičkih panela. Stručnjaci smatraju da je ovaj cjelovit prikaz Bogorodice (od njenog začeća od strane majke Ane, pa sve do smrti) vrlo rijedak u hrišćanskoj umjetnosti. Isto tako, u sjevernom krilu vanjskog narteksa prikazane su važne faze iz života svete porodice, rođenje i krštenje Isusa Hrista i druge scene iz njegovog života.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.mybeautifulistanbul.com/2020/10/20/the-beautiful-mosaics-and-frescoes-of-the-chora/|title= The Beautiful Mosaics and Frescoes of the Chora|work= mybeautifulistanbul.com|access-date= 16. 5. 2021}}</ref> Mozaička i fresko dekoracija u manastiru Hora urađena je pod pokroviteljstvom Teodora Metohita (slika desno), koji se pojavljuje u mozaiku smještenom iznad zapadnih vrata od unutrašnjeg narteksa do svetilišta, predstavljajući Hristu, koji je na prijestolju, maketu manastira Hora. Odjeven je u bogatu svilenu nošnju i veliki šešir dvorskog službenika.<ref name="ABE">''Art of the Byzantine Era'', David Talbot Rice, "Frederick A. Praeger Inc.", New York City 1963, Kongresna biblioteka SAD-a pod brojem 63-16444, str. 223–264.</ref> Iako su u crkvi Hora napravljeni neki od najvažnijih pomaka i inovacija iz vremena kasne bizantijske umjetnosti, bizantolozi svrstavaju neke od mozaičkih i fresko ciklusa u ovom sakralnom objektu kao "konzervativne", a najbolji primjer je mozaik Uspenja svete Marije. Međutim, uočljivo je da je umjetnik morao tražiti modele i ponekad je morao ispunjavati slobodne zidne prostore konvencionalnim motivima. Prepoznatljiva osobina pri dizajniranju ovih scena je upotreba [[Perspektiva (likovna umjetnost)|perspektive]] za stvaranje slikovitog prostora u kojem se priča odvija, ali bizantijski pronalasci u raščišćavanjima razlikuju se od kasnijih [[Renesansa|renesansnih]] konstrukcija prema jednoj tački nestajanja (osnova kasnijeg fresko ciklusa u paraklezijumu ove crkve). Umjesto toga, linije građevina u pozadini mozaika ukrštaju se na figurama u prvom planu i ističu radnju i priču. U ukrašavanju se također poklanja pažnja upotrebom bogatih i raznolikih ukrasa i obruba. Mozaici i zidne slike u crkvi Hora uvode nove ideje i dizajne u bizantijsku monumentalnu umjetnost, od kojih su neke proizašle iz poznavanja međunarodnih ideja tog doba.<ref name="RC"/> Postoji još određeni broj sačuvanih mozaika iz nekadašnjih konstantinopoljskih manastira koji su nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja grada preinačeni u džamije. Latinsko kraljevstvo Solun, koje su osnovali krstaši, trajalo je samo od 1204. do 1224, a čini se da su gradske crkve u Solunu pretrpjele mnogo manje štete i zanemarivanja u odnosu na konstantinopoljske. Crkva iz 14. vijeka, izvorno posvećena Bogorodici, koja se danas naziva [[Crkva svetih apostola (Solun)|Crkvi svetih apostola]], ukrašena je u svojim središnjim dijelovima mozaicima, a zidnim slikama u manje važnim područjima. Prisustvo monograma patrijarha [[Nifont I Carigradski|Nifonta I Carigradskog]] daje godinu 1329. kao precizan datum izgradnje i njene unutrašnje dekoracije. Od unutrašnje dekoracije najviše se ističe izvanredni mozaički prikaz Preobraženja Hristovog (pogledati galeriju).<ref>''Early Christian and Byzantine art'', John Lowden, Phaidon Press Limited, London, prvo izdanje, 1997. str. 402; {{ISBN|0 7148 3168 9}}</ref> Bitni su i mnogobrojni minijaturni mozaici iz Mistrasa na Peloponezu,<ref name="BAEA">''Byzantine art, a European art. Zappeion Exhibition Hall, Athens, 1964, Greece Council of Europe, str. 213–215.</ref> koji su preneseni u mali arheološki muzej grada na Áyios Níkonosu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.roughguides.com/greece/the-peloponnese/sparti-sparta-and-around/|title=Spárti (Sparta) and around|work=roughguides.com|access-date=3. 8. 2021}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Mozaička galerija"> Datoteka:Άγιοι Απόστολοι Θεσσαλονίκης. Η Μεταμόρφωση του Χριστού. Ψηφιδωτή παράσταση των ετών 1310-1314.jpg|Preobraženje Hristovog, Crkva svetih apostola u Solunu Datoteka:HSX Mary genealogy.jpg|Bogorodica sa djetetom u sredini mozaika, okružena starozavjetnim predacima, manastir Hora Datoteka:Chora Christ south coupole.jpg|Hrist Pantokrator okružen starozavjetnim predacima, Manastir Hora Datoteka:HSX Koimetesis.jpg|Uspenje svete Marije (Koimesis, manastir Hora Datoteka: Istanbul - Chiesa Pammacaristos (Fetiye camii) - San Gregorio armeniaco - Foto G. Dall'Orto 26-5-2006.jpg|Sveti Gregorije Armenac, manastir Bogorodice Pammakaristos u Istanbulu Datoteka:Istanbul Kariye museum Naos Jesus Christ june 2019 2372.jpg|Isus Hrist, manastir Hora Datoteka:Istanbul Kariye museum Naos Theodokos june 2019 2375.jpg|Bogorodica i dijete, manastir Hora Datoteka:StPeter-mosaic-from-Chora-church-in-Istanbul.jpg|Mozaik na kojem je prikazan sveti Petar kako drži ključeve raja, manstir Hora Datoteka:Paul in Chora.jpg|Mozaik svetog Pavla, manastir Hora </gallery> == Slikarstvo == Usljed nastavljanja gubitka teritorija i slabljenja carstva, posljednji period bizantijske umjetnosti prepoznatljiv je po preovladavajuċoj zastupljenosti zidnog slikarstva, koje je bilo jeftinije u odnosu na izradu mozaika i luksuznih predmeta od dragih metala i [[slonovača|slonovače]]. Tokom posljednjeg razdoblja bizantijske umjetnosti, slikarstvo se nastavilo i ubrzano je davalo sve veći zamah novim stilovima što otkriva određenu težnju za obnovom. Jedan od najprepoznatljivijih stilova na zidnim slikama je onaj koji se obično naziva "makedonski". Ovaj stil je izvanredan po svojoj tendenciji da prikaže ljudsku dramu i da je naglasi svim sredstvima koja ima na raspolaganju: uznemireni pokreti, dinamični stavovi, živahne geste, kontrasti u boji, uvećani prostori. Ljudske figure, često izvanredni [[portret]]i dobijaju težinu i volumen, pri čemu su široke draperije prožete posebnim izražajem, [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicija]] postaje šira i postiže epsku veličinu. Čini se da ova tendencija ka revolucionarnijem izrazu svijeta nije trajala više od dvije ili tri decenije počevši od kraja 13. pa sve do početka 14. vijeka. Ovom pokretu pripadali su umjetnici poput [[Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa|Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape]] i [[Manuel Panselin]] iz Soluna, koje mnogi historičari umjetnosti smatraju najvažnijim pripadnicima Solunske slikarske škole.<ref name="BAEA"/> Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa radili su freske visokog kvaliteta u manastirima u [[Ohrid]]u, Skoplju (crkva Bogorodice Peribleptos, crkva svetog Nikite i crkva svetog Georgija u Staro Nagoričane, 40 km sjeverozapadno od Skoplja), kao i crkvi Bogorodice Ljeviške u [[Prizren]]u, dok je Manuel Pselos slikao freske na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]].<ref>Early Christian and Byzantine Art, John Lowden, prvo izdanje od strane Phaidon Press Limited, London, 1997; {{ISBN|0-7148-3168-9}}, str. 404-407</ref> Bizantijski umjetnici za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog razvili su novo zanimanje za pejzaž i pastoralnu scenu, postepeno otvarajući put detaljnim narativnim freskama. O tome najbolje svjedoči velika grupa umjetničkih djela pronađenih u manastirima u Mistrasu na Peloponezu. Najveći dio ovog razdoblja protekao je u znaku zidnog slikarstva, koje se očituje dinamičnošću i narativnošću, gdje slike stvaraju složene tapiserije. Boje i veličina detalja također se mijenjaju i smanjuju. Pažnja se posvećuje arhitektonskim detaljima građevina i prirodi koji su u pozadini slike, pri čemu se napušta hijerarhijska frontalna krutost. Figuralna umjetnost, a posebno religiozno slikarstvo, doživjeli su dugotrajni posljednji prosperitetni period. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavljivale predstojeći kraj Bizantijskog Carstva, rad grčkih mozaičara, slikara i vajara i dalje je bio veoma tražen, uglavnom od članova važnih plemićkih porodica iz Konstantinopolja i provincija, kao i od bugarskih i srpskih knezova koji su slijedili umjetničke primjere Bizantinaca. Nekoliko drugih dovoljno prosperitetnih središta bili su u stanju održavati lokalnu tradiciju u arhitekturi i ukrašavanju sakralnih objekata tokom dužeg perioda. Većina umjetničkih djela iz paleološkog razdoblja bila je u drugom najvažnijem gradu carstva u to vrijeme – Mistrasu. Korak unazad bila je umjetnost hesihizma iz druge polovine 14. vijeka, u čijim je djelima izostala elegancija iz prethodnog vremena.<ref name="BAEA"/> === Freske === [[Datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople 2007 013.jpg|thumb|350px|desno|Freska Hristovog uskrsnuća iz manastira Hora predstavlja jedan od napoznatijih primjera fresko slikarstva iz vremena paleološke renesanse]] Najbolji primjeri "makedonskog" stila fresko slikarstva tokom paleološke renesanse čuvaju se u paraklezijumu crkve Hora u Istanbulu, čije freske predstavljaju dokaz o zidnom slikarstvu u glavnom gradu Bizantijskog Carstva s početka 14. vijeka. Slikarski stil koji je tu bio razvijen ima svu živost i epsku raskoš iz vremena prve bizantijske slikarske škole bez naglaska na dramskom elementu, kao i svu gracioznost Hora mozaika i fresaka. Posebno je u crkvi Hora uočljivo da je ikonografski i vjerski program bio mnogo širi u odnosu na raniji period i odgovarao je opštim ukrasnim kretanjima u slikarstvu. Očigledna je i tendencija da se kroz mozaike i freske crkva pretvori u ilustriranu knjigu koja će vjernike podučavati o svemu što ima veze s njihovom vjerom. Pritom se naglašava liturgija, ali dekoracija u cjelini ide mnogo dalje. Najbolji dokaz za sve veċ navedeno su sačuvani opširni fresko ciklusi u pareklezijumu crkve Hora u kojima se uspostavljaju evokativne veze između [[Stari zavjet|Starog]] i [[Novi zavjet|Novog zavjeta]]. Istovremeno, oni otkrivaju blisku vezu između fresko programa i same svrhe pogrebne kapele. Vrhunac fresko ciklusa je ostvaren u izvanrednim prikazima Sudnjeg dana (pogledati galeriju) i [[Isusovo uskrsnuċe (freska iz manastira Hora)|Isusovog uskrsnuċa]] (slika desno). Posebno je važna freska Hristovog uskrsnuċa (grčki: Anastasis), koja je za razliku od ranijih krutih i statičnih prikaza na istu temu veoma dinamična. U njoj, Hrist pobjeđuje [[Sotona|sotonu]] i ruši vrata [[Pakao|pakla]], te snažnim pokretom hvata za ruke Adama i Evu izvlačeċi ih iz njihovih grobova. Na taj način spašava njihove duše iz pakla, gdje su bili zbog činjenice da su ličnosti iz [[Knjiga postanka|Knjige postanka]] te su živjeli u vrijeme prije dolaska Hrista. Tjelesni pokreti psihološki su intenzivni, a izražajnost držanja likova u ovoj fresci prevladavaju. Dramatična radnja je predstavljena izvanrednim osjećajem fizičkog pokreta i sile. Tri središnje figure dramatično se kreću po vertikalnoj osi i tjelesnim položajima uz dodavanje geometrijskih oblika, stvaraju osjećaj dijagonale i horizontalnog kretanja. Odjeća i draperije služe za sugeriranje stavova, pokreta i djelovanja tijela. Precizno ocrtavanje zamjenjuje nazubljenu apstrakciju draperije koja je bila prepoznatljiva u [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|bizantijskoj umjetnosti za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen]].<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p291911/pdf/4.-The-Fresco-of-the-Anastasis-in-the-Chora-Church.pdf|title= ''The Fresco of the Anastasis in the Chora Church''|work= press-files.anu.edu.au|access-date= 22. 7. 2021}}</ref> Između 1290-ih i 1420-ih grad Mistras na jugu [[Grčka|Grčke]] bio je takmac Konstantinopolju na kulturnom polju. Bio je posljednje veliko bizantijsko središte izučavanja koje je privlačilo intelektualce i umjetnike na čijem je čelu bio filozof [[Gemistus Pletho]]. Istovremeno, bio je i glavno administrativno središte na [[Peloponez]]u kada je izgrađen i ukrašen veliki broj crkava i manastira. Među njima su najvažniji crkva svetog Toedora, [[manastir Pantanassa]] i [[manastir Peribleptos]] u kojima su sačuvani neki od vrijednih primjera fresko slikarstva iz tog perioda (pogledati galeriju).<ref name="BA"/> Opširni fresko ciklusi koji pokrivaju unutrašnjost manastira Peribleptos nastali su između 1350. i 1375. Ova djela povezana su s kretskom i makedonskom umjetničkom školom.<ref>Hamilton, J. Arnott (1956). Byzantine Architecture and Decoration. London: Jarrold and Sons. str. 194–195.</ref> Prema riječima historičarke umjetnosti Annie Labatt: {{Citat|"prostor i pokreti tretirani su sa zapadnjačkim osjećajem na ovim freskama".}}<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/fwbz/hd_fwbz.htm|title=Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History|last=Labatt|first=Annie|date=2000|website=Metropolitan Museum of Art|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|access-date=10. 3. 2016}}</ref> Još važnije od bilo kojeg grčkog kopnenog umjetničkog središta iz ovog perioda bilo je ostrvo [[Kreta]], gdje je sačuvano više od 600 crkava ukrašenih vrijednim freskama. Iako male veličinom, ogromna veċina crkava na Kreti ukrašene su u 14. i 15. vijeku, što potvrđuje procvat slikarstva. Uz pomoć natpisa moguće je, naprimjer, pratiti dugu karijeru slikara po imenu [[Joannis Pagomenos]]. Bio je jedan je od najvažnijih slikara na ostrvu jer je stvorio okvir za poznatu [[Kretska škola|Kretsku školu]] fresko slikarstva, čiji je rad dokumentiran u osam sačuvanih crkava na zapadu Krete. Budući da je njegova slikarska karijera trajala između 1313. i 1347, slikao je vjerovatno još mnogo drugih freski u crkvama na ostrvu. Tokom ovog dugog razdoblja prosperiteta i umjetničkih aktivnosti Kreta nije bila dio Bizantijskog Carstva.<ref name="BAEA"/> Jedno od veoma važnih područja fresko slikarstva za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog jest i područje današnje [[Sjeverna Makedonija|Sjeverne Makedonije]]. Freske u crkvi Bogorodice Peribleptos u Skoplju predstavljaju neka od prvih djela najprestižnijih srednjovjekovnih bizantijskih slikara Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape. Njihova dramatična izražajnost bila je osnova novog trenda u bizantijskoj umjetnosti iz ove epohe, poznatije kao "renesansa Paleologa", koja je bila posljednje poglavlje bizantijske umjetnosti. Na zidovima ove crkve, izvanrednom vitalnošću, snagom i očiglednim emocijama, naslikali su prizore iz života Bogorodice i Isusa Hrista. Ovdje je umjetnost Eutihija i Mihaela Astrape iz temelja promijenila vizuelnu koncepciju bizantijskog svijeta, uvodeći nove ideale za građane i skromne religiozne ljude tadašnjeg Bizantijskog Carstva. Naslikali su deset ciklusa fresaka u oltaru, naosu i narteksu (priprati), koje priedstavljaju jedan od najbogatijih ciklusa fresaka u cijelom bizantijskom svijetu, posvećen životu Bogorodice (pogledati galeriju). Također, ova crkva ima najveći broj sačuvanih potpisa ove dvojice umjetnika skrivenih u freskama.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://experience-macedonia.com/the-holy-mother-of-god-peribleptos/|title= The Holy Mother of God – Peribleptos in Ohrid|work=experiece-macedonia.com|access-date=29. 7. 2021}}</ref> Bitno je napomenuti i stari grad [[Ber]] na sjevery Grčke sa crkvom Isusovog uskrsnuća, u kojoj su neke od veoma kvalitetnih fresaka iz 1315, koje su djelo tada najpoznatijeg solunskog slikara [[Georgios Kaliergis|Georgisa Kaliergisa]], a po kvalitetu mogu se uporediti sa freskama u crkvi Hora kao i freskama u najstarijim solunskim crkvama (pogledati galeriju).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/31058516/Painters_in_the_Late_Byzantine_World_1204-1453_Monumental_Painting_in_Byzantium_and_Beyond_New_Perspectives._Byzantine_Studies_Colloquium_Dumbarton_Oaks_Washington_DC_November_4_2016_full_text_without_footnotes|title=''Painters in the Late Byzantine World (1204-1453), Monumental Painting in Byzantium and Beyond: New Perspectives. Byzantine Studies Colloquium''|work=academia.edu|access-date=12. 8. 2021}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Fresko galerija"> Datoteka: Izgonuvanjeto na trgovcite od hramot Sv. Nikita Banjani.jpg|Isus rastjeruje lihvare iz jevrejskog hrama u Jerusalemu, fresku su uradili Eutihije i Mihael Astrapa, Crkva svetog Nikite u selu Banjani kod Skoplja. Datoteka:Ljeviska002.jpg|Razgovor apostola, freska u crkvi Bogorodica Ljeviška u Prizrenu. Datoteka:Meister der Peribleptos-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|Scena Hristovog rođenja, freska u manastiru Peribleptos u Mistri na Peloponezu. Datoteka: Church of Saint George in Staro Nagorichino, Communion of the Apostles in the apse.jpg|Pričest apostola, freska u crkvi svetog Georgija, Staro Nagoričane kod Skoplja. Datoteka:Jacob's ladder and Jacob wrestling an angel.jpg|Scena hrvanja s anđelom i sveti Jakov koji leži na podu u donjem lijevom uglu, dok su pored njega stepenice koje vode ka raju. Freska u crkvi Hora. Datoteka:Deesis of the Judgement day mosaic at Chora.jpg|Fresko prikaz Sudnjeg dana, manastir Hora, Istanbul Datoteka:Chora Church Constantinople 2007 010.jpg|Pogled na fresko cikluse u paraklezijumu manastira Hora Datoteka:Istanbul Chora Church 01.jpg|Freska u kupoli na kojoj je u središnjem medaljonu prikazana Bogorodica, dok su okolo prikazani njeni preci, manastir Hora. Datoteka: Meister der Pantanassa-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|Freska u manastiru Pantanassa na Peloponezu sa prikazom scene buđenja Lazara. Datoteka: Олтар-Богородица Перивлепта.jpg|Životopis Bogorodice, fresko prikaz u crkvi Bogorodice Peribletos u Skoplju. Datoteka: AngelNikita.jpg|Zidna freska sa prikazom anđela u crkvi svetog Nikite u selu Gornjane kod Skoplja. Datoteka: Christ Church in Veria Resurrection Fresco on the Southern Wall by Georgios Kalliergis, 1315.gif|Fresko prikaz Isusa Hrista, južni zid crkve Isusovog uskrsnuća u gradu Ber na sjeveru Grčke. </gallery> === Ikone === [[Datoteka: Богородица лешочка- август 2015 (5).JPG|thumb|450px|Ikonostas u crkvi Uspenja svete Bogorodice [[Lešočki manastir]], Sjeverna Makedonija.]] Među osobinama koje najočiglednije razlikuju kasnobizantijsku umjetnost je i količina ikona naslikanih na panelima. Ni iz jednog ranijeg razdoblja bizantijske umjetnosti paneli nisu sačuvani u tako velikom broju kao i njihovim velikim dimenzijama. Ikone su oduvijek postojale u monumentalnim dimenzijama, ali u zidnim slikama sa freskama, mozaicima ili vitražima, a ne kao slike na panelima. Također, isto slikovno izlaganje cvjetalo je kod ličnih i ikona malih razmjera.<ref name="BFP"/> Naslikane ikone na drvenim panelima bile su jeftinije od mozaika ili predmeta od slonovače, pa su zato postajale sve brojnije i važnije nego što su bile u ranijim vremenima. Od približno 1300. godine postale su jedan od najvažnijih oblika umjetničkog izražavanja.<ref name="ABE"/> Zbog činjenice da se kasnobizantijska crkvena dekoracija sastojala uglavnom od zidnog slikarstva i ikona, potonje su sve više bile u centru pažnje i pokroviteljstva. Ovo je i glavni razlog što je veliki broj ikona iz tog vremena sačuvan do danas, a upravo je ovo medij u kojem je uočljiv utjecaj zapadne umjetnosti. Ono što je u 12. vijeku u [[Manastir svetog Neofita|manastiru svetog Neofita]] na [[Kipar|Kipru]], kada je [[Teodor Apseudes]] potpisao i datirao svoju sliku, bilo izuzetak, postalo je redovna pojava u kasnobizantijskom periodu. Još jedan umjetnik, [[Angelos Akotantos]], koji je radio na Kreti u prvoj polovini 15. vijeka potpisao je brojne ikone. Nezavisno je dokumentovan kroz njegovu sačuvanu oporuku u notarskim arhivama na Kreti napisanu 1436. Bio je plodni slikar, a njegove ikone pokazuju sposobnost da zadovolje potražnju za tradicionalnim slikama ili slikama u kojima su primjetni izrazito zapadnjački detalji ili konvencije. Ova dva već navedena bizantijska umjetnika bila su vrlo utjecajna, počevši od rada najvažnijeg ruskog ikonopisca [[Andrej Rubljov|Andreja Rubljova]] i njegovih sljedbenika, koji su bili pod direktnim utjecajem stvaralaštva [[Teofan Grk|Teofana Grka]], te karakteru kretskog ikonopistva, koje je na kraju doveolo do umjetnika poput [[El Greco|El Greca]], koji duguju Angelosu Akotantosu.<ref name="RC"/> Karakter svetog prostora u pravoslavnim crkvama promijenio se još više tokom 14. vijeka. U okviru [[templon]]a koji je između [[naos]]a i svetišta već od 8. vijeka počele su se držati ikone, često oslikane i postavljene u pregrade sa scenama iz 12 glavnih hrišćanskih svetkovina. Sljedeća faza bila je transformacija templonske strukture u neprozirni visoki [[ikonostas]] koji je držao nekoliko redova ikona, čije veličine su prilagođavane templonskoj strukturi.<ref name="RC"/> Na ikonostasu su korištene ikone dvije različite veličine - veće u donjoj polovini pregrade sa slikama Hrista, Bogorodice s Djetetom, arhanđela ili sveca zaštitnika crkve. Gornji red ikona na templonu je veličine približno pola metra ili malo više, Ulazna vrata u svetiste slikana su sa scenom [[Blagovijest]]i ili sa svecima (grčki: dodekaorton). raspoređene u standardiziranim nizovima: obično prikaz velikog [[Deisis]]a u kojem pored Hrista stoje Bogorodica i Ivan Krstitelj, scene iz 12 glavnih hrišćanskih svetkovina, te ciklus glavnih scena [[Bogojavljenje|Bogojavljenja]] iz života Hrista i Bogorodice. Ikone ove veličine također su bile pohranjene u znatnom broju na prolazima i zidovima svetišta crkava i stavljene su za štovanje na stalku za ikone (proskynetarion). Na ikonama iz ovog perioda uočljiva je osjetljiva međuigra između likova i okolnog prostora u [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicijama]] s jednim likom, gdje slikovni oblik istovremeno daje utisak siluete u odnosu na zlatnu podlogu i modeliran je kao da je obavijen trodimenzionalno u svojoj svjetlosti. U scenama prikazanim na kasnobizantijskim ikonama likovi se ne pojavljuju uz tlo, već unutar prostornog okruženja, čija se postavka dramatično proširuje u paleološkoj umjetnosti, ostavljajući likove male u svojim strmim prostorima. Koliko god ti prostori bili veliki, oni daju utisak napetosti i rječito su vezani za ljudske geste koje ih iscrtavaju. Takva prostorna rječitost odlično je odgovarala slikama pustinjskog asketizma. Pustinjski prizori su duboko ukorijenjeni u bizantijskoj iluminaciji knjiga, ali od kasnog 13. vijeka počeli su se koristiti i u ikonoslikarstvu.<ref name="BFP"/> ==== "Ohridske ikone" ==== [[Datoteka:Ohrid annunciation icon.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Navještenje Bogorodice, dimenzije 93 x 68 cm, urađena u Konstantinopolju, rani 14. vijek, tempera i zlato na drvetu, sa posrebrenom i emajliranom oblogom, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu.]] Za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog slikanje panela i ukrasnih ploča dobilo je tako snažan poticaj da se primjeri mogu naći svugdje gdje je utjecaj Bizantije dosegao. Ova nova potražnja za prenosivim ikonama rezultat je uvođenja ikonostasa u crkve. U Ohridu i Svetoj gori identifikovan je znatan broj uvezenih ikona. Ohridske ikone predstavljaju važne primjere u razvoju kasnobizantijskog ikonopisa, a odigrale su i važnu ulogu u kasnijem razvoju srpskog ikonopisa. U Ohridu postoje dvije važne ikone koje potječu s početka 14. vijeka, a koje predstavljaju znamenitosti u kasnobizantijskoj historiji umjetnosti. Na njima su prikazi Hrista i Bogorodice kao spasitelje duša. Ohridski nadbiskup Grgur II prebacio je ove ikone u katedralu u Ohridu.<ref name="AOBW"/> Ova dvostrana ikona lijep je primjer savremenih umjetničkih tendencija u bizantijskoj prijestolnici tokom kasnobizantijskog perioda. Na prednjoj strani ikone pojavljuje se polovina figure Bogorodice. Njeno svečano, savršeno očuvano lice izražava blagu strogost. Na rukama drži malog Hrista čija je glava prekrivena blijedocrvenkastim pramenovima. Biste arhanđela [[Mihael (arhanđel)|Mihaela]] i [[Gabriel]]a prikazane su u uglovima na vrhu ikone. Cijela pozadina i okvir prekriveni su složeno ukrašenom srebrnom oblogom, koja je sama po sebi remek-djelo. Zajedno s geometrijskim i cvjetnim ornamentima, poput stiliziranih rozeta, ikona je ukrašena reljefno dotjeranim likovima. Slika Bogorodice okružena je okvirom s grbom u sredini s bistom Hrista Pantokratora, okruženom simetrično raspoređenim poprsjima. Bogorodica nosi naziv Psychosostria, koja predstavlja varijaciju Bogorodice Hodegetrije (ona koja ukazuje na pravi put). Na poleđini je ikona sa prizorom [[Blagovijest]]i i smatra se jednim od najboljih ostvarenja bizantijskog ikonopisa paleološke renesanse (slika desno). Likovi arhanđela Gabriela i Bogorodice prikazani su vješto, a postavljeni su kao kipovi na postoljima u definiranom prostoru nasuprot oštroj arhitektonskoj pozadini.<ref name="BFP"/> Proporcije su prekrasno razrađene između veličanstvenih arhitektonskih obilježja u pozadini i figura ispred njih, a tu je i kontrapuntalni sklad između anđela koji se brzo približava, te spokojne i nepomične Bogorodice. Igra kontrasta postignuta je postavljanjem svijetle odjeće arhanđela naspram Bogorodičine gotovo u potpunosti tamne odjeće. Vizije su obavijene mehkom sjenom, koje jedva da najavljuju misteriju ispod zamišljenog zlatnog rajskog neba. Sve već navedeno, uz igru svjetla i sjene i blistavih boja različitih objekata učinila je ovu scenu dragocjenim izvorom nadahnuća za kasnije slikare unutar bizantijske sfere utjecaja.<ref name="AOBW"/> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija ikona"> Datoteka:Christ Psychosostis, Early XIV Century, St Mary Perivleptos Church, Ohrid Icon Gallery.jpg|Ikona Hrista, [[tempera]], platno na drvetu, u srebrnoj podlozi, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu, rani 14. vijek. Datoteka:Climent of Ohrid.jpg|Ikona svetog Klimenta, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu, 14. vijek. Datoteka:Harrowing of hell (Constantinople, 14th c.).jpg|Ikona Hristovog Uskrsnuća iz 14. vijeka, dimenzije 47,2 x 62 cm, nepoznati slikar iz Konstantinopolja. Datoteka:Ikonenkalender 1973-11.png|Apostol Matej, ikona iz 14. vijeka. Datoteka:Saints of Sinai.jpg|Sveti očevi, ikona iz manastira svete Katarine na Sinaju. Datoteka:Back side of a double-sided icon depicting the Crucifixion (14th cent.) at the Byzantine and Christian Museum on 12 April 2019.jpg|Hristovo Raspeće, pozadina dvostrane ikone iz 14. vijeka, Bizantijski i hrišćanski muzej u Atini. Datoteka:Saint Mary with Christ Icon from Annunciation Church in Thessaloniki, circa 1300.jpg|Bogorodica i Dijete, ikona iz 1300, crkva svetog Bogojavljenja u Solunu. Datoteka:Crucifixion, II Half of XIII Century, St Mary Perivleptos Church, Ohrid Icon Gallery.jpg|Hristovo Raspeće, ikona iz druge polovine 13. vijeka, crkva svete Bogorodice Peribleptos u Ohridu. </gallery> === Iluminacija === [[Datoteka: Chrysobull of Alexius III of Trebizond.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Iluminirana Zlatna bula cara [[Aleksij III od Trapezunta|Aleksija III od Trapezunta]].]] Osvojivši Konstantinopolj 1261, Bizantinci su u grad vratili tradiciju proizvodnje ukrasnih rukopisa koja je bila ozbiljno narušena tokom latinske okupacije. Tokom vladavine dinastije Paleolog došlo je do početka izrade rukopisnih knjiga koje su parirale najboljim djelima iz prethodnih vijekova, a koje spadaju u najsjajnije izvedene primjere zanata rukopisne iluminacije dotad. Ovo umjetničko dostignuće potpuno zamagljuje hronično teško novčano stanje onih koji su naručili te radove. Uočljiva je i pojava napuštanja tradicionalne anonimnosti bizantijskih umjetnika usljed sve većeg broja potpisanih iluminiranih knjiga. Radovi se sve više izrađuju od papira, a proizvodnja [[pergament]]a prestaje. Od 14. vijeka znatno raste broj knjiga koje prepisuju laici i ilustriraju umjetnici u odnosu na ranije, kada su to uglavnom radili sveštenici i monasi. Čak i u ovom posljednjem periodu bizantijske umjetnosti najvažnije mecene bili su članovi carske porodice, koji su, osim iluminiranih rukopisa, davali da se izrade i carski dokumenti ([[Zlatna bula|zlatne bule]]). Jedna od njih je Zlatna bula cara [[Andronik II Paleolog|Andronika II Paleologa]] iz 1301. godine (čuva se u Bizantijskom muzeju u [[Atina|Atini]]), dok je druga naručena od cara Aleksija III od Trapezunta i njegove supruge [[Teodora Kantakuzena|Teodore Kantakuzene]] 1374. godine (slika desno). Početkom vladavine dinastije Paleolog, carica Teodora, supruga cara Mihaela VIII Paleologa odigrala je važnu ulogu u naručivanju veċeg broja knjiga najvišeg kvaliteta. Iako samo jedna knjiga ima paleologinske monograme, čini se da ima prateći tom u Djelima apostolskim i Poslanici. Također, evanđelje i psaltir (koji se danas čuvaju u Nacionalnoj biblioteci u Parizu) očito su proizvodi istih majstora. Ovi radovi pokazuju karakterističan arhaizirajući rukopis, nastao iz takozvanog "Perlschrifta" iz druge polovine 11. vijeka. Ova vrsta iluminacije prepoznatljiva je po izvanredno jasnoj i elegantnoj ruci, koja se u to vrijeme koristila prilično često i veoma je različita od pomalo nevještih kurzivnih ruku nekih prepisivača klasičnih autora. Iluminacije u ovim knjigama su također elegantne i arhaične, odražavajući pažljivo proučavanje minijatura iz 10. i 11. vijeka. Carica Teodora je zaposlila iste iluminatore prilikom izrade tipikona grobne dinastičke crkve koju je restaurirala u manastiru Lips u Konstantinopolju, ali u ovom slučaju pisari su bili iz carske kancelarije. Carica Ana, udovica cara Andronika III naručila je izradu psaltira iz manastira Iveron, koji je uradio pisar Hariton 1346. u manastiru Hodegon. Pisari iz istog manastira uradili su visokokvalitetne knjige po narudžbi cara Ivana VI kao poklon manastiru Vatopedi na Svetoj gori, od kojih je sačuvano 26. Kopiji spisa prvog [[Atina|atinskog]] nadbiskupa iz 1. vijeka, [[Dionisije Aeropagit|Dionisija Aeropagita]], koju je izradio carski bilježnik Mihail Klostomalles 1380-ih, dodana su poglavlja za cara [[Manuel II Paleolog|Manuela II Paleologa]], a koju je njegov legat Manuel Chrysoloras poklonio opatiji Saint Denis kraj [[Pariz]]a 1408. Da bi bio dostojan carski poklon, rukopisu su dodana poglavlja s autorovim portretom sveca i slikom carske porodice. Rukopis je važan po portretima cara Manuela II. Ostale vrste pokroviteljstva ukazuju na obrazac veoma promjenljivih troškova prilikom iluminacije rukopisa, na koji ukazuje kvalitet materijala i njegove izrade. Ponekad su donatori predstavljeni prema tradicionalnoj formuli. Jedan primjer za to je ogroman tom [[Hipokratov korpus|Hipokratovog korpusa]], zbirka od približno 60 starogrčkih spisa o [[Medicina|medicini]], koje je napisao [[Hipokrat]]. Ima uvodne dvije stranice u kojima se prilikom otvaranja otkriva portret pokrovitelja Aleksija Apokauka, službenika cara Ivana V, koji predstavlja djelo Hipokratu, koji je prikazan na stranici okrenutoj prema njemu. Obje slike pomalo sliče tradicionalnim portretima evangelista. Zanimljivost je u tome da je tekst u knjizi pisan na italijanskom [[papir]]u sa vodenim žigom, dok je slika na dvostrukoj stranici naslikana na [[pergament]]u. Iako je većina iluminiranih rukopisa iz ovog perioda urađena u Konstantinopolju, ipak je dobar dio njih urađen u Solunu, Atini i Mistri na Peloponezu. Većina iluminiranih knjiga za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog proizvedena je vjerovatno naprečac (ad hoc) od strane pojedinaca, u saradnji ili samostalno, eventualno monaha, sveštenika ili laika. Umjetnici koji su slikali slike za umetanje u takve knjige povremeno su bili i pisari, a radili su kao ikonopisci, te sezonski, kao i slikari, kao što je u pisanim izvorima naveden primjer [[Teofan Grk|Teofana Grka]], [[mural]] i ikonopisac aktivan u to vrijeme u Rusiji. Čest rezultat tradicije rada na visoko uglačanim površinama od veluma bilo je djelomično ljuštenje slika. Ovo propadanje je počelo već u bizantijsko doba. Zbog toga su pripadnici carske dinastije Paleolog s vremena na vrijeme naručivali restauriranje starih knjiga, kao naprimjer, prvih osam knjiga [[Biblija|Biblije]] ("Octateuch"), koje se danas čuvaju u [[Vatikanska biblioteka|Vatikanskoj biblioteci]]. Nakon 1261. bizantijski iluminatori usredsredili su se na evanđelje prema zahtjevima mecena koji su naručivali puni tekst knjiga evanđelja, obilježena i indeksirana za liturgijska čitanja. Nekoliko iluminiranih knjiga evanđelja koje imaju opsežne narativne cikluse privuklo je veliku pažnju historičara umjetnosti. Razlog tome je mogućnost da su tokom posljednjih nekoliko decenija 13. vijeka [[Firenca|firentinski]] i [[Siena|sienski]] umjetnici konsultovati knjige poput ovih za njihovu ikonografiju bizantijskog evanđelja i glatko izvedenog stila draperije i slikanja dijelova golog tijela. Osim evanđelja, rađene su nove verzije već postojećih rukopisa. Ova kombinacija koegzistiranja tradicije i inovacije određena je pravoslavnim stavom o religioznim slikama: upotreba slika je bila opravdana autoritetom tradicije koja potječe iz apostolskih vremena, ali je novotarija sama po sebi (grčki: "kainotomija") osuđena kao heretička. Ovo se odnosi i na većinu bizantijske umjetnosti koja je rađena prema vrlo zahtjevnim parametrima.<ref name="BFP"/> Paleološki iluminatori, poput monumentalnih slikara, stvarali su dramatična i emocionalna djela koja nude stepen naturalizma nepoznat u ranijoj bizantijskoj umjetnosti. Time su postavili temelje za kasnije slikarstvo u Grčkoj, na Balkanu i u Rusiji.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/illuminatedmanuscripts|title= ''Byzantine Art and Architecture''|work= libguides.ku.edu.tr|access-date= 4. 1. 2022}}</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija iluminacije"> Datoteka::John VI Kantakouzenos.jpg|Ivan VI Kantakuzen na saboru u Carigradu 1351. Datoteka:Crossing_of_the_Red_Sea_by_the_Jews,_Byzantine_illuminated_manuscript.jpg|Prelazak Jevreja preko Crvenog mora, bizantijski rukopis iz 13. vijeka, Nacionalna biblioteka Rusije Datoteka:Denis l'Aréopagite - Louvre MR416.jpg|Portret Dionizija Areopagita iz iluminirane knjige, početak 15. vijeka Datoteka:Manuel II Paleologus.jpg|Manuel II. Paleolog, bizantijski car od 1391. do smrti 1425. Datoteka:MichaelOfTverRGB173Fol17v.jpg|Iluminacija iz hronike Georgija Hamartola, 13 - 14. vijek, [[Nacionalna biblioteka Rusije]] Datoteka:Bodleian_Library_MS._Gr._th._f._1_3v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 1v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 4v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 54v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Bodleian Library MS. Gr. th. f. 1 2v.jpg|Menológijum despotu Dimitriju Datoteka:Alexander poisoned Hellenic Institute codex 5.JPG|Priča o Aleksandru Velikom, bizantijska iluminacija iz 14. vijeka, (''Kodeks Helenskog instituta 5. tom str. 193'') Datoteka:Jews Byzantine Greek Alexander Manuscript (cropped).JPG|Priča o Aleksandru Velikom, bizantijska iluminacija iz 14. vijeka, (''Kodeks Helenskog instituta 5. tom str. 193'') Datoteka:Manuel II Helena sons.JPG|Car Manuel II i carica Helena sa sinovima, iluminacija iz knjige, [[tempera]] na [[pergament]]u </gallery> == Skulptura == [[Datoteka:0129 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Gothic arcosolium - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 2009.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Dijelovi [[arkosolijum]]a (niše iznad grobnica u kojima je sahranjena važna ličnost). Oni su bili izloženi u zidovima katakombi. [36]urađeni u [[Gotika|gotskom]] stilu tokom latinske vladavine u 13. vijeku, Bizantijski muzej u Atini.]] U kasnobizantijskom razdoblju, kao i u ranijim godinama carstva, središnja briga vjernika bilo je sjećanje na mrtve. Iako su tradicije obilježavanja sjeċanja na mrtve bile stare, njihov utjecaj na crkvenu umjetnost dramatično se povećao u posljednjim vijekovima postojanja carstva. Sve više su unutrašnjost crkvi, a često i njihov vanjski dio, bile predmet izgradnje grobnih spomenika. Usljed sve te ekonomske situacije uzrokovane gubitkom teritorija koje su zauzele krstaška i turska vojska kao i smanjenje broja bogatih donatora u katedralama i manastirima u gradovima i izvan gradova, došlo je do problema s ispunjavanjem njihovih fiskalnih obaveza sa sve manjim prihodima. Zbog toga su donatori morali uložiti novac, kao i imovinu u zamjenu za pravo na takve obrede kao što je sahrana u crkvi ili izgradnja ukrasne grobnice. Oblik većine kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga znatno odstupa od tradicionalne, monolitne vrste kovčega s čvrstim kamenim tijelom i odvojenim poklopcem. Najčešća vrsta sarkofaga od 13. do 15. vijeka sastoji se od zasebnih kamenih ploča, od kojih su neke uzete sa ranijih spomenika i isklesane, a neke tek izvađene. Ikonografija kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga pokriva širok raspon motiva. Dekorativni elementi isklesani na zidovima i poklopcima kovčega, zajedno s pogrebnim natpisima, obuhvataju krstove, cvjetne i geometrijske oblike, poput isprepletenih medaljona, vinove loze i drveća. Tu su takoder i prikazi životinja, među kojima su mitski grifoni, lavovi i ptice (zajedno sa jednoglavim i dvoglavim orlovima), prikazani u scenama borbi ili kako stoje u profilu. Pored ovih tradicionalnih tema pojavljuje se i nova tema: ljudska figura, koja se na sarkofazima nije vidjela od ranobizantijskog razdoblja. Predstave ljudi, njihovi portreti pokojnika i svetaca, te Hrista i Bogorodice, ponovno se pojavljuju tokom tog razdoblja u nizu vrsta skulptura, posebno onih povezanih s grobnicom. Istaknutost ljudskog lika u bizantijskoj skulpturi između 13. i 15. vijeka ukazuju na trajno interesovanje bizantijskih skulptora za drevne oblike i stilove, nadahnute grčko-rimskim skulpturama sačuvanim na bizantijskim teritorijama. [[Datoteka:San Marco Venezia portale nord con Nativitá.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|[[Zabat]] na sjevernoj kapiji sa scenom [[Rođenje Isusa|Rođenja Isusa]], bazilika svetog Marka u Veneciji.]] Poznati njemački historičar umjetnosti [[Hans Belting]] sugerirao je da su bizantijski vajari koji su nakon 1261. i ponovnog osvajanja Konstantinopolja učestvovali u obnovi i restauraciji mnogih ranijih crkava i spomenika u tom gradu, crpili inspiraciju iz klasicističkih, figuralnih skulptura iz prvog zlatnog doba Bizantije. Najbolji primjer je izrezbareno postolje napravljeno približno 390. za cara [[Teodozije I Veliki|Teodozija I]] da ukrasi [[Teodozijev obelisk|obelisk]] faraona [[Tutmose III|Tutmosija III]] dovezen iz Egipta u Carigrad, gdje je još izložen na mjestu nekadašnjeg hipodroma. Treći utjecaj došao je iz [[Romanika|romaničke]] i [[Gotika|gotske]] skulptorske tradicije, novi stilovi koji su se razvili na latinskom Zapadu, a koje su donijeli krstaši na područja oko istočnog Mediterana tokom 11, 12. i 13. vijeka. Stoga se može reći da su uporište u dugogodišnjoj umjetničkoj tradiciji carstva, i kontakt s umjetničkim razvojem [[Zapadna Evropa|zapadne Evrope]] doprinijeli oživljavanju figuralnih slika u kasnobizantijskoj skulpturi, posebno kod pogrebnih spomenika. Važni primjeri kasnobizantijske figuralne skulpture sarkofaga sačuvani su u Carigradu, [[Ber]]i i [[Arta|arti]] u Grčkoj. Većinom su to horizontalne ploče koje su činile prednji dio sarkofaga. Na čeonom sarkofagu iz Carigrada predstavljena su dva anđela koji drže središnjji vijenac koji okružuje božićnu dekoraciju, a donji dio dekoracije je osnova ukrasno rezbarenim krstovima i svicima. Anđeli su uobičajena tema u kasnom bizantijskoj skulpturi. Ovo rezbarenje s izuzetnim uspjehom oponaša [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompoziciju]] i stil rezbarenja sarkofaga iz 4. vijeka, potvrđujući da su ranobizantijski modeli mogli poslužiti kao važni izvori kasnobizantijskim kiparima. Pripovijedani prizori povezani s Hristovom smrću i spasenjem bili su daljnji izvor nadahnuća za rezbare kasnobizantijskih sarkofaga. Ulomci koji su sačuvani u Beri izvorno su sačinjavali piramidalni poklopac sarkofaga sa prikazom scene Hristovog Uskrsnuca (Anastasis). Fragmentarni [[Reljef (skulptura)|reljefi]] pronađeni u [[Studijski manastir|Studijskom manastiru]] prikazuju Bogorodičino jadikovanje nad mrtvim tijelom Hristovim dok leži prije sahrane, što je tema nadahnuta [[Evanđelje|evanđeljima]]. Ova kao i druge teme iz evanđelja obilježene na sarkofazima, često su prikazivane na freskama i mozaicima koje okružuju kasnobizantske grobnice, tako da zidne slike ojačavaju i preslikavaju slike koje ukrašavaju sarkofage. [[Datoteka: 2098 - Byzantine Museum, Athens - Latin marble arch, 13th cent. - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 12 20.jpg|thumb|250px|desno| Mramorni luk iz 13. vijeka sa figurama i natpisima na grčkom jeziku urađenim tokom latinske okupacije.]] Portret pokojnika bila je još jedna tema koja se koristila prilikom ukrašavanja sarkofaga. Fragmentarna ploča iz [[Manastir Lips (Carigrad)|manastira Lips]] u Carigradu čuva ostatke pogrebnog portreta Marije Paleologine. Jedino je sačuvan lik Marije vidljiv od struka prema dolje, gdje ona nosi monaški plašt preko dugačke tunike. Uvjerljiva rekonstrukcija cijele ploče koju je uradio Titos Papamastorakes ima središnji natpis s lijeva od Marije Paleologine. Sastavljena u pjesničkom metru i fino izrezbarena paleološkim pismom, na sarkofagu je molitveni natpis. Takvi su natpisi, koji svjedoče o svjetovnim i duhovnim dostignućima pokojnika, i moleći se u njegovo ili njeno ime, bili važan dio ukrasnog programa i često su se pojavljivali na sarkofazima ili skulpturama koje uokviruju grobnicu. U [[Arta, (Grčka)|Arti]], nekadašnjem sjedištu [[Epirska Despotovina|Epirske Despotovine]], jedini je sačuvani sarkofag iz kasnobizantijskog razdoblja s portretima bizantijske vladarske porodice, despotice Teodore supruge despota [[Mihael II Komnen Duka|Mihaela II Komnena Duke]] i dječaka Nikefora, vjerovatno njenog sina. Oboje su odjeveni u tradicionalnu carsku odjeću, s krunama urađenim u bizantijskom stilu, dugim [[tunika]]ma, [[kaftan]]ima i [[loros]]ima ukrašenim draguljima, pri čemu oboje drže carska žezla. Pored njih su, s obje strane, portretne biste anđela, koji također nose carska žezla. Dok je isklesani sarkofag mogao biti izložen neovisno o ravnom zidu crkve, u najsloženijim kasnobizantijskim grobnicama služio je kao središte mnogo većeg ukrasnog programa. U takvim pogrebnim cjelinama kiparski reljefi uokviruju trodimenzionalni prostor zaobljene niše (arkosolij), koji sadrži sarkofag. Arkosoliji se mogu pronaći u crkvama na cijelom području kasnobizantijske utjecajne sfere. Skulptura je bila najvažniji pojedinačni element koji je izdvajao arkosolijum iz njegovog okruženja, te osiguravao organizirani vizuelni fokus unutar arhitektonski složene i bogato oslikane kasnobizantijske crkve. Nasuprot glatkom zidu crkve prekrivenom šarenom freskom ili mozaikom, trodimenzionalne reljefne skulpture pružile su važnu vizuelnu pauzu. [[Datoteka:Kariye Muzesi (2681430083).jpg|thumb|350px|lijevo|Bogato izrezbareni [[Luk (arhitektura)|luk]] iznad jedne od pogrebnih niša u manastiru Hora.]] Dvije najupečatljivije rezbarene fasade kasnobizantijskog razdoblja još uokviruju grobne niše iz ranog 14. vijeka koje su dizajnirane u južnoj pogrebnoj kapeli [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]]. Jedan od ovih lijepo i gusto izrezbarenih mramornih ukrasa na sjevernom zidu ukrašava nišnu grobnicu [[Teodor Metohit|Teodora Metohita]], dok arkosolij na suprotnom zidu odaje počast visokom carskom dostojanstveniku Mihaelu Tornikesu, političkom savezniku Metohita. Tornikesova grobnica je jedini arkosolij na kojem je sačuvan izvorni pogrebni epigram, koji je historičar umjetnosti [[Ihor Ševčenko]] pripisao poznatom bizantijskom dvorskom pjesniku [[Manuel Fil|Manuelu Filu]] (1275–1335). Fasadni dizajn dvije niše je sličan. U svakoj od njih je središnji portret Hrista, koji blagosilja desnom rukom i sa svitkom u lijevoj ruci, a okružen je bistama [[Mihael (arhanđeo)|arhanđela Mihaela]] i [[Gabriel]]a u trouglastim prostorima ([[spandrel]]ima), koji su između vrha [[Luk (arhitektura)|luka]] i pravougaonog okvira. Bujne vinove loze koje izviru iz [[Rog izobilja|simbola izobilja]] okružuju ove figure. Kao i u mnogim takvim grobovima, Hristov lik često se koristi na izvajanoj fasadi, na sarkofagu i naslikan je na stražnjem zidu niše, naglašavajući različite aspekte Hrista, a posebno njegovu ulogu sudije i spasitelja čovječanstva. Ove dvije fasade grobnica također su karakteristične po tragovima polihromiranih [[Pigment (materijal)|pigmenata]] koje čuvaju. Na temelju njih i mnogih drugih kasnobizantijskih umjetničkih djela, može se zaključiti da je bojenje, pa čak i pozlata mramornih rezbarija bila raširena praksa u to vrijeme. Ova praksa objedinjavanja upotrebe boje i pozlate uočljiva je i u srednjem bizantijskom periodu. Stilske karakteristike kasnobizantijske skulpture, reljefne skulpture, kreću se u rasponu od vrlo plitkih do izuzetno visokih. Razne vrste apstrakcija i naturalizma koegzistiraju, iako ukupne [[Kompozicija (likovna)|kompozicije]] životinjskih, cvjetnih, biljnih i geometrijskih motiva odlikuju veća zamršenost i osjećaj uzorka u cjelokupnoj kompoziciji, dok detalji u skulpturama mogu prilično težiti ka naturalizmu. Reljefi koji predstavljaju ljudski lik obično nalikuju paralelnim slikama u monumentalnom i minijaturnom slikarstvu. U poređenju sa srednjobizantijskim skulpturama postoji i snažan impuls ka naturalističkom, trodimenzionalnom prikazivanju ljudskog tijela. Konstantinopoljska figuralna skulptura iz 13. i 14. vijeka teži elementima apstrakcije: izdužena lica, okrugle, pune obrve naglašenih očiju i teški kapci. Tako se zajednički umjetnički ukus često pojavljuje u skulpturalnoj i slikarskoj umjetnosti u Konstantinopolju kao i mnogim područjima kasnobizantijske sfere utjecaja. U vremenu između oslobođenja Konstantinopolja od latinske okupacije 1261. do njegovog ponovnog pada u ruke [[Osmanlijsko Carstvo|Osmanlija]] 1453. izrada netradicionalnih oblika skulpture počela je oživljavati. Tokom paleološke renesanse, umjetnost izrade umjetničkih djela od [[Slonovača|slonovače]] koja je bila tipična za [[Makedonska umjetnost (bizantijska)|makedonsko]] i [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen|komnensko doba]] doživjela je veliki pad zbog nedovoljnog uvoza bjelokosti iz [[Afrika|Afrike]] i [[Azija|Azije]]. Nastavljeno je s izradom malih gravura na nakitu - privjesci, relikvijari ([[Enkolpija|enkolpije]]) i kameje, koje su bile ukrašene raznim motivima, najčešće hrišćanskim simbolima (anđeli, sveci, krstovi).<ref name="BFP"/> == Primijenjena umjetnost == === Okviri za ikone urađeni od plemenitih metala === [[Datoteka: Panagia Paramythia Icon from Vatopedi Monastery 14th Century.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Ikona Bogorodice Paramythia s okvirom ukrašenim srebrom i zlatnim medaljonima, 14. vijek, manastir Vatopedi, Sveta gora.]] Bizantijski običaj da se ikona slikana na kanvasu ili jedan njen dio prekrije ukrasom od plemenitog metala, oplemenjenog [[emajl]]om, biserima ili dragim kamenjem, doživio je veliki procvat pod dinastijom Paleologa počevsi od 13. vijeka. Ova vrsta umjetnosti širila se izvan sve manjih granica bizantijske države na cijeli pravoslavni svijet. Sudeći prema sačuvanim primjercima, ikone sa zlatnim i srebrnim ukrasnim okvirima svjedočanstvo su bizantijske pobožnosti, koja je nadahnula vješte zlatare, a pritom je preusmjerila važan dio raspoloživog bogatstva carstva. U vrijeme sve većih ekonomskih poteškoća i opadanja carstva, klima nije bila pogodna za izradu luksuznih predmeta. Međutim, zlatni i srebrni ukrasni okviri za ikone pružaju bizantijskoj umjetnosti neka od njenih zadnjih remek-djela. Interesovanje za ikone ukrašene plemenitim metalima postojao je širom carstva, kao i na [[Balkan]]u, što je dovelo do velikog broja ovako izradenih ikona. U tom razvoju ulogu je vjerovatno odigrao ukus za reljefnu skulpturu, karakterističnu za kasnobizantijsku renesansu, kao i vjerovatno korištenje finih metalnih listova ili tankih [[filgran]]a koji su bili relativno jeftiniji. Interes za plemenite metale postojao je širom [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]], kao i na Balkanu. Izuzetni primjeri mogu se vidjeti u manastirima na Svetoj gori, ohridskim ikonama koje su sada ponovo objedinjene u Muzeju umjetnosti Makedonije u Skoplju i ikonama sačuvanim u [[Bugarska|Bugarskoj]], posebno u [[Manastir Rožen|manastirima Rožen]] i [[Manastir Bačkovo|Bačkovo]]. Sudeći prema materijalu u arhivima manastira na Svetoj gori, ukrasi za ikone od plemenitih metala bili su među omiljenim oblicima doniranja tokom 14. vijeka. Posljednja oporuka bizantijskog dvorskog zvaničnika ([[skouterios]]a) Teodora Sarantenosa iz 1325. u Beri, u kojoj je naveden podatak o poklonjenim ikonama s ukrasima od plemenitih metala manastiru Vatoped. Slično tome, arhivski zapisi o prijenosu ikona u [[Velika Lavra|Veliku Lavru]] 1375. iz crkve Bogorodice Gavaliotise u [[Edesa (Grčka)|Edesi]] u [[Epir]]u, koju je između 1360. i 1367. osnovao despot Toma Preljubović, pokazuju da su sve ikone osim jedne, on, njegova supruga i drugi pojedinci koji su poklanjali crkvi imali ukrasne oplate od plemenitih metala. Konvenciju dodavanja oplate od plemenitih metala na ikone nije prekinulo ekonomsko opadanje carstva ni turska balkanska osvajanja, nego je čak doživjela procvat krajem 16. vijeka. Ponuditi ikone s ukrasnom oplatom od plemenitih metala je prije svega jednako izvođenju čina pobožnosti, a ta tradicija se još održava. Sačuvan je veliki broj ovakvih ikona u manastirima na Svetoj gori, [[Meteora|Meteori]], te crkvama u mnogim dijelovima Balkana i Grčke. Čak su i predmeti namijenjeni privatnoj pobožnosti bili ukrašeni zlatom i srebrom, dragim kamenjem, biserima, kao u slučaju dvije male ikone Bogorodice Chalkoprateia,koje se danas čuvaju u riznici [[Bazilika svetog Marka|bazilike svetog Marka]] u [[Venecija|Veneciji]]. Upotreba plemenitih metala materijalizuje kratku molitvu, jer proizilazi iz pojedinačnih ili kolektivnih molitvenih natpisa koje mnoge ukrasne oplate na ikonama sadrže. Nije neobično pronaći slike mecena u molitvenoj pozi na dnu okvira ikone. Na gornjem dijelu okvira često su prikazi scene [[Deisis]]a (izraz univerzalne molitve) ili simbol predstojećeg [[Sudnji dan (islam)|Sudnjeg dana]] (grčki: hetoimasija), uz koje se vezuje promjenjiv broj svetaca prikazanih na okviru ikone. [[Datoteka: Holy Face - Genoa.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Ikona Svetog Lica ([[mandilion]]) iz Edesse, tempera na panelu sa posrebrenom ukrasnom oplatom, druga polovina 14. vijeka, crkva svetog Bartolomeja Armenca u Genovi, Italija.]] Ponekad su Veliki praznici predstavljeni na malim ukrasnim pločama oko središnje slike, i sa porukom spasenja kroz božansko posredovanje. Na nekim ikonama uočljivo je kombiniranje tema na istom okviru. Ova ikonografija nije bila nova, a scena Deisisa se već pojavljivala na okviru ikone svetog Ivana Bogoslova na ostrvu [[Patmos]]. Na ukrasnim oplatama oko lika Bogorodice povremeno su scene iz njenog života. Cvjetni motivi urađeni su u ''[[repoussé]]'' tehnici u emajlu ili finom filigranu, koji daje živost kod uljepšavanja pozadine i okvira ikone ili je njihov jedini ukras. Ovi ukrasi podsjećaju na raskoš rajskih vrtova opisanih u [[Poezija|poeziji]] bizantijskog pjesnika iz 14. vijeka Manuela Philesa u kojoj se opisuju ikone s ukrasima od plemenitih metala, dragulja i drugih ukrasnih materijala. Ovakva dekoracija nastala je iz duge tradicije u bizantijskoj umjetnosti, a jedan od dobrih primjera iz ovog perioda je okvir na naslikanoj ikoni Svetog Lica u crkvi svetog Bartolomeja Armenca u [[Genova|Genovi]] (slika lijevo). Ova naslikana ikona Svetog Lica ([[mandilion]]) iz Edesse okružena je sa deset malih ploča koje oslikavaju historiju relikvije i vjerniku daju osjećaj njene autentičnosti. Tačan datum izrade određen je za veoma mali broj ukrasnih okvira za ikone, a istovremeno ih je veoma teško klasificirati. Interes za ukrasne okvire od plemenitih metala nakon 1204. također je vidljiv na grčkoj teritoriji pod latinskom okupacijom, na ostrvima kao što su Kipar, Kreta i Rodos, gdje se bizantijsko naslijeđe susrelo s drugim utjecajima. Na Kipru su ikone s okvirima od plemenitih metala radene jos od 12. vijeka. Pritom su stvarani niskoreljefni radovi uz upotrebu [[gesso]] (mješavina bijele boje koja se sastoji od veziva pomiješanog s kredom, gipsom, pigmentom ili bilo kojom njihovom kombinacijom) imitacija pozadine i oreola na ikonama koje su nastale tamo. Na nekim ikonama iz 14. vijeka sa područja Jadrana i sjeverne Grčke korišten je isti niskoreljefni gesso ukras. Ova tehnika ukrašavanja ikona koja je pronađena u 13. vijeku, a njena upotreba seže čak do [[Sveta zemlja|Svete zemlje]] i planine [[Sinaj]]. U to vrijeme gesso tehnika ukrašavanja ikona koristila se i u italijanskim djelima, što ukazuje na recipročne razmjene između italijanske i bizantijske umjetnosti u ovim područjima od 13. vijeka nadalje. Širenje umjetnosti ukrašavanja ikona s okvirima od plemenitih metala zahvatilo je cijeli pravoslavni svijet, među kojima i područja [[Kavkaz]]a i [[Rusija|Rusije]]. Ova vrsta bizantijske umjetnosti bila je zastupljena i na Zapadu, gdje će u 17. vijeku doći do ponovnog oživljavanja interesa za bizantijske ikone tokom katoličke [[Protivreformacija|protivreformacije]] i potrage za najautentičnijim religijskim slikama te interesom za istočnu hrišćansku tradiciju.<ref name="BFP"/> === Liturgijski pribor === Zahtjevi [[Bogoslužje|liturgije]] nisu se znatno promijenili u kasnobizantijskom periodu, pa su sveti predmeti zadržali osnovne oblike koje zahtijeva liturgijska praksa, simbolički i ideološki sadržaj božanske [[Euharistija|euharistije]]. Za razliku od srednjeg bizantijskog perioda, primjeri dragocjenog crkvenog [[Srebro|srebrnog]] pribora iz kasnog razdoblja ograničeni su količinski. Nedostatak srebrnih i [[Zlato|zlatnih]] predmeta, vjerskih i svjetovnih, može se pripisati nedostatku sirovina u to vrijeme, drugi razlozi su: srebro nije kovano u kasnobizantijskom carstvu, stalne ekonomske i političke krize, posljedica građanskih ratova, smanjenja carstva i osmanlijska osvajanja. Carske kovanice mogu se smatrati pravim ogledalom tog vremena: obezvrijeđene, bez umjetničkih vrijednosti i izrađene od [[legura]] sa niskim sadržajem plemenitih metala. Zbog ovog nedostatka plemenitih metala mnogi dragocjeni predmeti su istopljeni i reciklirani kako bi se zadovoljili zahtjevi države za novcem. U historijskim izvorima navodi se da su [[Aristokratija|aristokrati]] iz kasnobizantijskog društva nagomilali svoje bogatstvo u vidu zlatnih i srebrnih predmeta te su obdarili monaške i crkvene fondacije skupocjenim liturgijskim posudama. Najpoznatiji mecena bio je [[Ivan VI Kantakuzen]], koji je posjedovao velike kolicine zlata i srebre. Gubitak najvećeg broja kasnobizantijskih liturgijskih pomagala, djelomično je nadoknađen slikanim prikazima liturgijskih obreda u svetištu i na [[kupola]]ma crkava, koje su u ovom razdoblju obilovale liturgijskim temama. Kasnobizantijski liturgijski predmeti uglavnom su u manastirskim riznicama, a sačuvani primjeri spadaju u dvije glavne kategorije: one koji zadržavaju i razvijaju srednjobizantijske oblike i one s očiglednim zapadnjačkim izgledom. Iz druge grupe izdvaja se jedina grupa sačuvanog liturgijskog posuđa ([[Latinski jezik|latinski]]: [[vasa sacra]]) sa [[kalež]]ima despota Moreje [[Manuel Kantakuzen|Manuela Kantakuzena]], te srpskog despota [[Janjina (Grčka)|Janjine]] [[Toma Preljubović|Tome Preljubovića]]. Ovi dragocjeni liturgijski predmeti čuvaju se danas u manastirima [[Vatopedi]] i [[Manastir Velika Lavra|Velika Lavra]] na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]]. U manastiru Vatopedi danas se čuva i ispisani asterisk na čijem je vrhu golub. Zajedno s asteriskom iz [[Sionsko blago|Sionskog blaga]], koji potječe iz 6. vijeka, jedini su sačuvani primjeri iz bizantijskih vremena. Prisustvo umjetničkih predmeta urađenih u zapadnom stilu u kasnobizantijskom društvu posvjedočeno je i u pisanim izvorima i zidnim slikama. Tipični gotički oblici pojavljuju se u slikarstvu prije sredine 14. vijeka na predmetima poput kadionica s malim gotičkim tornjevima i nožnih ovalnih posuda s ukrasnim krugovima u dnu. Inventar iz 1396. u katedrali [[Aja Sofija]] u Konstantinopolju registruje četiri para svijećnjaka (kandelabra), od kojih je jedan venecijanski, izrađen od srebrne pozlate. Zapadni oblici na izrađenim predmetima i gotička praksa pričvršćivanja na glavnu osnovu zasebnog diska (poznatog kao pinta) koji je često bio [[emajl]]iran i ukrašen prikazima stvarnih i fantastičnih životinja. Direktno prisvajanje i usvajanje italijanskih umjetničkih oblika bilo je za očekivati ​​samo u drugoj polovini 14. vijeka, u periodu kada je i u drugim oblastima (poput privrede) Bizant služio kao zaleđe za italijansko tržište i kao potrošač zapadnih, a posebno venecijanskih proizvoda. Venecija je u to vrijeme pretekla Carigrad u izvozu prestižnih luksuznih predmeta kao i u umjetničkim inovacijama. Dominacija italijanskih modela bio je proces u kojem je važnu ulogu igrala mreža italijanskih kolonija i trgovaca. Liturgijski predmeti su uvezeni za upotrebu u latinskim crkvama, a izrađivali su se i u srebrnarskim radionicama venecijanskih kolonija, poput onih koje su postojale u Konstantinopolju, a posvjedočene su u Skutarima (današnji [[Üsküdar]] u [[Istanbul]]u), Raguzi ([[Dubrovačka Republika]]), i Candii ([[Heraklion]]), rodnom gradu kretskih zlatara koji su zabilježeni u dubrovačkoj arhivi iz 1360-ih. Ti bogoslužbeni predmeti nisu samo primjeri luksuznih trgovačkih proizvoda koji su kružili područjem istočnog Mediterana, nego su i indikativni primjeri ukusa i orijentacije vladajuće klase u bizantijskom društvu. To je imalo za posljedicu prevazilaženje konvencionalnih granica historijskih epoha, kao u slučaju nakon osmanlijskog osvajanja, pri čemu je kod crkvenog srebra uočljivo prisvajanje zapadnih stilova izrade i paralelno pridržavanje bizantijske ili bizantinirane ikonografije. Drugi sačuvani primjeri kasnobizantijskih liturgijskih predmeta su korice [[Evanđelje|evanđelja]], procesijski krstovi, ripidije ili flabele, naprave za rasvjetu i [[Kadionica|kadionice]]. Jak zapadni utjecaj prilikom izrade ovhm predmeta, ili izostaje ili je asimiliran u bizantijsku tradiciju, što je vidljivo u njihovoj ikonografiji i obliku. Posrebrene korice lekcionara evanđelja spadaju u posebnu kategoriju medu liturgijskim predmetima. Posrebrene korice evanđelja izrađuju se iz jednog komada metala ili se sastoje od metalnih okvira različitih oblika čija je terminologija poznata iz srednjobizantijskih manastirskih inventara. Okviri su bili prikovani za kožni ili platneni povez, kao u slučaju crvenog i zlatnog tkanog tekstila na evanđelju koje je [[Marija Paleologina Kantakuzena|Marija Komnen Paleologina]] predstavila Bogorodici iz [[Manastir Hora|manastira Hora]] opisanog u pjesmi pripisanoj bizantijskom pjesniku [[Manuel Files|Manuelu Filesu]]. Gamata ili gamatia (ugaoni dijelovi u obliku grčkog slova gama) bili su omiljeni oblik ukrašavanja za četvorougaone površine, dok su mali kružni pričvršćivaći (boulai i amigdalije) imali praktičnu upotrebu u zaštiti kožnih poveza budući da su knjige bile odlagane vodoravno na policama. Ikonografija korica knjige usko je povezana s ikonografijom ilustracija na početku teksta iz knjige, slijedeći tradiciju započetu u [[Kasna antika|kasnoj antici]]. Medutim, kasnobizantijske ukrasne korice urađene iz jednog dijela upečatljivo podsjećaju na prijenosne ikone, na čijim se srebrnim oblogama medaljoni s poprsjima svetaca i/ili plakete sa scenama iz [[Dvanaest velikih praznika]] (''dodekaortona''), raspoređenih u hijerarhijskom redu vezanom za ikonografiju svetišta i crkvenih prostora koja ih okružuju. Pomak ka modelu preuzetom od zidnog slikarstva pratio je opadanje rukopisnih minijatura od 12. vijeka nadalje i rast važnosti slikarstva u formuliranju liturgijskih tema, koje su se sa sve većim naglaskom upotrebljavale za ukrašavanje crkava. Tipični srednjobizantijski procesijski krstovi s metalnom jezgrom i trapezoidnim krakovima koji se završavaju prepoznatljivom ornamentacijom sačuvani su u [[Gruzija|Gruziji]], [[Anadolija|Maloj Aziji]] i egejskim ostrvima sve do 17. vijeka. Potonji su grubo pečatirani i jasno predstavljaju kraj jedne umjetničke tradicije. Najraniji poznati procesijski krstovi u italijanskom stilu potječu iz 15. i 16. vijeka i imaju krakove koji se završavaju sa tri ili četiri režnja i drvenim umjesto metalnim jezgrom. U kasnobizantijskom zidnom slikarstvu preovlađuju krstovi [[Golgota|golgotskog]] tipa sa dva ili tri vodoravna kraka. Gornji krak predstavlja produžetak titulusa (natpisa pribijenog iznad Hristove glave), dok je u ovom kasnijem periodu treći krak sve više ispod, postavljen ravno ili ukošen, što vuče korijene iz oslonca za noge. Ovakva vrsta krstova može se vidjeti u manastirima Vatoped, Protaton i Dionizije na [[Sveta gora|Svetoj gori]] kao i Lefkara na [[Kipar|Kipru]]. Medutim, nisu se koristili za vjerske procesije nego su postavljani na oltar i proskinetarion, stalak ugrađen u hram. [[Ripidija|Ripidije]] su liturgijske lepeze sa simboličnim prikazima četvorolikih [[heruvim]]a koji lete oko Božijeg prijestolja, a mogu se vidjeti na zidnom slikarstvu iz ovog kasnog bizantijskog perioda. Drugi liturgijski pribor neophodan za bogosluženje u bizantijskim crkvama bile su kadionice i naprave za rasvjetu, koje su sačuvane iz kasnobizantijskog perioda u obliku predmeta urađenih od [[legura]] [[Bakar|bakra]]. Najčešće vrste su livene katzije (uspravne kadionice) sa drškom ukrašenom ponavljajućim prikazima stilizovanih lisnatih motiva, te pticama ili životinjama. Poznati su na osnovu nekoliko primjera, jednog otkopanog iz grobnice u Mistri i drugi na [[Kosovo|Kosovu]], kao i drugi koji se danas čuvaju u muzejima i manastirskim riznicama. Tehnika livenja metala i ukrasni prikazi životinja i ptica povezuju ove katzije sa bizantijskim sredstvima za rasvjetu kao što su lusteri, te kandilo u [[Manastir Visoki Dečani|manastiru Visoki Dečani]] i polikandela (viseći držač za uljanice) u Muzeju Metsovo u sjevernoj Grčkoj.<ref name="BFP"/> === Liturgijski i sekularni tekstil === [[Datoteka:Altar Cloth or Podea MET DP121990.jpg|thumb|300px|desno|Oltarsko platno urađeno od vezene svile, kasni 14. vijek, [[Metropolitan (muzej)|Metropolitan muzej]].]] Konstantinopolj, koji je bio na raskršću puteva između [[Bliski istok|Bliskog istoka]], [[Azija|Azije]] i [[Evropa|Evrope]], bio je središte jedne od najopsežnijih trgovačkih mreža na svijetu, upravo zahvaljujući tako povoljnom geostrateškom položaju. Bizantinci iz Konstantinopolja postali su izuzetno bogati i oblačili su se tako da pokažu svoj status i uspjeh. Posjetioci su često komentarisali odjeću rađenu od najfinije svile, koju je nosilo stanovništvo ovog grada. Tekstilna umjetnost bila je jedan od najcjenjenijih zanata u Bizantijskom Carstvu, a smatrana je visokom umjetnošću, baš kao i slikarstvo, skulptura i arhitektura. Mnogi sačuvani primjerci bizantijskog tekstila slijedili su standarde koje je postavila bizantijska crkva (koja će kasnije postati Grčka pravoslavna crkva) za kontrolu nad drugim vrstama umjetnosti. Većim dijelom sačuvani primjerci tekstila odnose se na one koje je Crkva koristila za posebne prilike, u odnosu na manji broj primjeraka koji su korišteni u svakodnevne svrhe. <ref name="ABAT">{{Cite web|url= https://nazmiyalantiquerugs.com/blog/antique-byzantine-art-textiles/|title= ''Antique Byzantine Art: Textiles''|work= nazmiyalantiquerugs.com|access-date= 20. 1. 2022}}</ref> Bizantijski tekstil uglavnom je bio izrađivan od [[lan]]a, [[Vuna|vune]] i [[Svila|svile]], dok se [[pamuk]] rjeđe spominje u pisanim izvorima. Proizvodio se u državnim tkaonicama, privatnim radionicama i individualnim domaćinstvima, u zavisnosti od vrste, kvaliteta i upotrebe. [[Aleksandrija]] (i [[Egipat]] općenito) i [[Sirija]] bili su posebno istaknuti po proizvodnji tekstila prije nego što su pali pod vlast [[Arapi|Arapa]] u 7. vijeku. Poznato je da su Solun, Korint, Teba i Atina imali važne radionice za tkanje tekstila (posebno svile) između 10. i 12. vijeka. U pisanim izvorima zabilježen je veliki izbor tekstila, gdje se pored najcjenjenije svile i purpurno obojenog sukna, spominju domaća vunena, gruba i fina lanena sukna. Obične tunike i ogrtači izrađivali su se od obične lanene, vunene ili pamučne tkanine, dok je svila, često pletena zlatnim nitima, bila nošnja careva, carskog doma i dvorskih službenika. Zavjese za krevete i prozore, te tepihe izvedeni u različitim materijalima i tehnikama bili su redovna komponenta domaće i službene arhitekture, kako svjetovne tako i vjerske. Dobar primjer su zavjese koje su ispunjavale prostore između [[stub]]ova u mozaicima u bazilici [[Teodorik Veliki|Teodorika Velikog]] u [[Sant' Apollinare Nuovo]] u italijanskom gradu [[Ravenna|Ravenni]]. Važnost tekstila u arhitektonskom kontekstu otkriva se u beskonačnom otvaranju i zatvaranju zavjesa oko cara i carske palate kako je zabilježeno u knjizi [[De ceremoniis]] o ceremonijalnom protokolu na dvoru bizantijskih careva u Konstantinopolju. Zavjese su imale više čisto dekorativnu ulogu, a često su bile izvedene u tehnici tapiserija, posebno pogodnih za portretiranje figuralnih subjekata, kako svjetovnih tako i religioznih. Svilena tapiserija koja prikazuje trijumfalnog cara u Bambergu rijedak je kasniji primjerak ovih tkanja (početak 11. vijeka).<ref name="BT">{{Cite web|url= https://libguides.ku.edu.tr/byzantine_art_and_architecture/byzantinetextile|title= ''Byzantine Textile''|work= libguides.ku.tr|access-date= 13. 1. 2022}}</ref> Ćilimi koji su krasili palate i domove ljudi služili su za pokazivanje statusa i bogatstva. Važna je i izrada bizantijskih tepiha, koji pokazuju slične dizajne i boje kao i islamski ćilimi tog vremena. Na osnovu izučavanja slikovnih prikaza bizantolozi su uočili da je bizantijski umjetnički tekstil bio rađen u jarkim živim bojama, sa sklonošću prema [[Crvena|crvenoj]] i [[Plava|plavoj]] koje su bile preovladavajuće (baš kao i danas), a također su korištene svijetle [[Narančasta|narančaste]] i ljubičaste boje. Ovi primjerci pokazuju visoko razvijenu kontrolu procesa i postupaka bojenja. U to vrijeme, sve ove briljantne boje bile su stvarane samo pomoću biljnih boja. Na ivičnom dizajnu bizantijskih prostirki obično su bili prikazi cvjetova, biljnih motiva, vinove loze i lišća. U središnjem dijelu ovih tepiha često su predstavljani ljudi i događaji. Ponekad su ovi ćilimi bivali okačeni na zidove i korišteni kao tapiserije za dekoraciju i izolaciju. Ova veoma kvalitetna djela bizantijske umjetnosti pokazuju stručno znanje i umijeće tkalaca, koji su često spajali vunene, pamučne, svilene i zlatne niti u jedan komad. Korijene islamskog i perzijskog dizajna mogu se pronaći u obrubama i šarama bizantijskih tepiha.<ref name="ABAT"/> Izrada bizantijskog tekstila ne prestaje čak ni tokom latinske okupacije Konstantinopolja između 1204 - 61, samo što su radionice za njihovu izradu jednostavno premještene u [[Nikeja|Nikeju]] i druge gradove pod kontrolom carstva, gdje je nastavljeno sa njihovom proizvodnjom.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.austriaca.at/0xc1aa5576_0x00178c52.pdf|title= ''Textiles and Dress in Byzantium''|work= austriaka.at|access-date= 14. 1. 2022}}</ref> U bizantijskoj kulturi, pravila pravilnog odijevanja bila su vrlo važna u svim oblicima društvenih aktivnosti, među kojima su najvažnije bile carske ceremonije i crkveni rituali. Odjeća se uvelike koristila za pokazivanje hijerarhijskih odnosa moći i simboličkih asocijacija na božansko i sveto, što je uveliko potvrđeno tekstualnim i vizualnim izvorima. Upotreba bizantijskog tekstila bila je posebno važna za ukrašavanje gradova prilikom carskih posjeta. Na ovaj način, carska moć i kontrola davali su posebno obilježje gradu prilikom carske posjete zbog svoje materijalne prirode, specifičnog vremenskog prikaza i posebne ikonografije, pri čemu su ovi tekstili posredovali u konceptima centralnim za carsku [[Ideologija|ideologiju]]. Ova dinamična sposobnost bizantijskog tekstila da djeluje kao posrednik između različitih društvenih aktera u složenim političkim kontekstima također je evidentna u onome što profesorica sa [[Univerzitet u Cambridgeu|Univerziteta u Cambridgeu]] Ana Maria Muthesius naziva "svilenom diplomatijom". Kao dragocjeni diplomatski darovi, [[bizantijska svila]] imala je jasnu i učinkovitu posredničku ulogu upravo zato što je kao tekstil bila prenosiva i prilagodljiva, utjelovljavala je bizantijske društvene i kulturne vrijednosti kroz svoj dragocjeni materijal, kvalitet, ikonografiju i prestiž. Time je bizantijska svila djelovala kao kulturni i politički ambasador, djelujući kao višestruki i dinamični pokretač kontakta i razmjene. Važan primjer živog prisustva tkanina u bizantijskoj kulturi i bogatog bizantijskog iskustva s tekstilom i kroz tekstil jest istaknuta upotreba šatora. Šatori su se uglavnom koristili u vojnim pohodima, lovačkim ekspedicijama i svečanim prilikama, a bili su vrlo cijenjeni zbog sigurnosti, mobilnosti i širokih mogućnosti za pokazivanje visokog statusa njihovog vlasnika. Šatori su bili prostori za kontakte i diplomatske sastanke, a sami su nuđeni i kao diplomatski pokloni. Strani posjetioci i državnici hvalili su njihovu višestruku upotrebu i kvalitet materijala, čineći bizantijske tkanine moćnim kulturnim posrednicima.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.doaks.org/resources/textiles/essays/evangelatou|title= ''Textile Mediation in Late Byzantine Visual Culture: Unveiling Layers of Meaning through the Fabrics of the Chora Monastery''|work= doaks.org|access-date= 7. 1. 2022}}</ref> Trgovina bizantijskim tekstilom odvijala se ne samo s evropskim vladarima, nego su trgovina i diplomatski pokloni bili veoma rašireni i s islamskim vladarima. Ovi luksuzni predmeti bili su jedna od važnih tačaka u razmjeni darova između bizantijskih i islamskih dvorova, koji istovremeno artikulišu dinamiku moći između davaoca i primaoca kroz simbole odražavajući obostrano priznate simbole kraljevske vlasti. Postoje dvije važne vrste ukrasa koji nam govore o tome kako je hijerarhija između islamskog i bizantijskog dvora uspostavljana kroz društveno značenje, a to su: sedlo antičkog kralja [[Aleksandar Veliki|Aleksandra Velikog]] i prsluk ukrašen pečatom [[Stari zavjet|starozavjetnog]] [[Solomon|kralja Solomona]]. Ove ličnosti su prihvatljive i kao simbol uspješne vladavine. Zbog takve istovjetnosti, bizantolozi [[Robin Cormack]] i [[Alice Walker]] smatraju da su diplomatske razmjene poklona između ove dvije različite vjerske i političke sile tog doba pokazatelj njihovog prijateljstva. Istovremeno, ova vrsta umjetnosti djeluje kao zajednički simbolički jezik u diplomatskim odnosima, pri čemu se tekstilni proizvodi mogu tumačiti kao predstavljanje prepoznatljive simboličke i ekonomske moći vladara. Nisu samo figuralni motivi korišteni kao obrazac pri izradi bizantijske svile koja je bila poslana na poklon islamskim dvorovima. Prikazi bizantijskih careva u lovu i njihove jahačke pratnje predstavljaju sliku snage i hrabrosti vladara, dok cvijeće i drveće predstavljaju slike rajskih vrtova, miroljubivi lavovi i orlovi carsku moć, a paunovi i slonovi egzotične figure. Slike novijih vladara također su korištene kao ukras poput motiva starih dobrih kraljeva. Naprimjer, poklon koji je kralj [[Roman I Lakapin]] poslao [[Abasidi|abasidskom]] halifi [[Al-Radi]]ju bio je ukrašen predstavom jahaćeg kralja sa zastavom u ruci, kao i ogrtač grimizne boje na kojem je prikaz figure jahaćeg kralja. Ovim svilenim tkaninama ne samo da se propagira moć bizantijskih careva nego i namjera o uspostavljanju mirnog političkog i vojnog saveza s abasidskim halifama. Druga važna tačka za tekstilni poklon jest njihova boja.<ref name="BT"/> Prema tekstu iz 11. vijeka pod nazivom [[Knjiga poklona i rariteta|Knjige poklona i rariteta]] (arapski: Kitāb al-Hadāyā wa al-Tuḥaf)<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/673076.Book_of_Gifts_and_Rarities_Kit_b_Al_Had_y_Wa_Al_Tu_af_|title= ''Book of Gifts and Rarities (Kitāb Al-Hadāyā Wa Al-Tuḥaf): Selections Compiled in the Fifteenth Century from an Eleventh-Century Manuscript on Gifts and Treasures''|work= goodreads.com|access-date= 17. 1. 2022}}</ref>, napisano je da su mnogi ogrtači [[Ljubičasta|ljubičaste]] i [[Crvena|crveno]] ljubičaste boje bili poslani abasidskom halifi Al-Radiju. S druge strane, crvene i ljubičaste boje tekstila bile su regulisane u Bizantijskom Carstvu. Posebno se to odnosi na ljubičastu, koju je još [[Julije Cezar|Gaj Julije Cezar]] ustanovio kao carsku boju za tekstil i imala je drugačiji status na carskom dvoru od ostalih. Veoma se malo zna o umjetnicima i radionicama u kojima je proizveden tekstil iz kasnog bizantijskog perioda.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.academia.edu/29360626/Byzantine_Textile_As_A_Communication_Way_In_Diplomacy|title= ''Byzantine Textile: As A Communication Way In Diplomacy''|work= academia.edu|access-date= 14. 1. 2022}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Gold-thread embroidered Aer, a liturgical cloth used to cover the vessels of the Eucharist - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|250px|lijevo|Zlatnim nitima izvezeno liturgijsko platno ([[aer]]) urađeno krajem 13. vijeka, kojim se pokrivalo euharistijsko posuđe, visina 52 cm, širina 65 cm, [[Benaki muzej]], [[Atina]].]] Posebnu kategoriju čine tekstili koji su bili razvijani u službi crkvenog obreda, gdje su vremenom različiti oltarni pokrovi i druge liturgijske tkanine kao što su [[aer]], [[antimins]], [[eiliton]] i [[endit]] dobijali prepoznatljive oblike i posebnu dekoraciju. Velovi za [[kalež]]e i [[paten]]e (grčki: poterokalymma, diskokalymma) poznati su kao "mali aer". Veliki veo koji ih je oboje pokrivao zove se "veliki aer". Bizantijski teolozi su ritual prinošenja hljeba i vina na oltarski stol i prekrivanje aerom tumačili kao simbol Hristovog sahranjivanja. U skladu sa praksom da liturgijski tekstil daje slikoviti oblik skrivenoj simbolici liturgije, počelo se sa vezenjem velova velikog aera na kojima su prikazi mrtvog Hrista. Najraniji sačuvani primjeri potječu još iz približno 1300. godine i konvencionalno su poznati po grčkom nazivu "epitaphoi" (doslovno, "na grobu") zbog njihovog prikaza svetog tijela postavljenog za sahranu. Upotreba vezenog platna prilikom rituala rekonstrukcije Hristove pogrebne povorke prvi put je potvrđena u knjizi liturgijskih uputstava koja potječe iz 1346, a u njoj se navodi da sveštenik nosi knjigu [[Evanđelje|evanđelja]] (drevni simbol Hristove prisutnosti) na desnom ramenu, umotanu u aer, koji služi i kao veo za pričesni pribor. Kao što su velovi za euharistijsko posuđe činili vidljivim njihov unutrašnji smisao, tako je i liturgijska odjeća bizantijskog sveštenstva otkrivala teološku važnost njihove službe. Prema pisanom izvoru solunskog arhiepiskopa Simeona iz 15. vijeka: {{Citat|upravo zato što je episkop Hristov lik, pripremajući se za službu, on se oblači u svete odežde, koje sve imaju simboliku i duhovno tumačenje".}} [[Datoteka:Large sakkos of photius.jpg|thumb|250px|desno|Prednji dio velikog sakosa moskovskog mitropolita Fotija urađen od satena vezenog zlatnim i srebrnim nitima i svilom sa biserima između 1414-17, [[Palata oružja]] u Kremlju, Moskva]] Tumačiti odeždu sveštenstva kao sredstvo kojim visoko sveštenstvo predstavlja Hrista ima dug pedigre u Bizantiji. U isto vrijeme oblici odijela koji su bili uspostavljeni mnogo prije [[Bizantijski ikonoklazam|ikonoborstva]] doživjeli su brz razvoj i razradu. Rezultat je bio da je nova odjeća bila ograničena na najviše činove sveštenstva. Najbolji primjer je liturgijska odjeća ukrašena vezenom mustrom na kojima su prikazani krstovi (polistaurion). Najspektakularniji od ovih kasnih dodataka biskupskoj garderobi bio je [[sakos]], euharistijska [[tunika]] sa širokim kratkim rukavima i prepoznatljivom ukrasnom mustrom. Ukras za dva sakosa moskovskog mitropolita [[Fotije (mitropolit moskovski)|Fotija]] (slika desno) urađenih u Konstantinopolju, a potom poslatih u Moskvu kao poklon, upečatljivi su po ponavljanju ikonografskih tema koje su već bile zastupljene na zidovima i ikonostasima tipičnih kasnobizantijskih crkava. Ovo ponavljanje slika pomaže da se arhiepiskop poveže sa svetim likovima prikazanim na njegovoj odeždi. Sakos je svojom dizajnom sastavljenim od tekstilnih kockica i krutim, izvezenim ukrasom preobrazio izgled arhiepiskopa u spljoštenu, svešteničku figuru, koja podsjeća na svete biskupe s crkvenih freski i ikona. Do kasnog 14. vijeka bogatstvo i gustina likova na odjeći visokog sveštenstva bili su posebno vidljivi kada su biskupi svečano obučeni stajali usred [[naos]]a, gdje se izbliza moglo vidjeti njihovo raskošno ruho. U najsvečanijim trenucima liturgije zavjesa ikonostasa bi se povukla u stranu, kako bi se otkrio episkop koji je stajao u vratima. Uokviren slikama na ikonostasu, slike na njegovoj odeždi privlačile bi pažnju okupljenih vjernika da gledaju na njega kao na živi produžetak svetilišta i njegovih ikona. Boljem razumijevanju izgleda i uloge liturgijskog tekstila tokom paleološkog perioda bizantolozima pomažu i freske, kao naprimjer, one u crkvi Peribleptos u Mistri na Peloponezu. Na njima je prikazana procesija Velikog ulaza koju izvode anđeli obučeni kao sveštenici i kao đakoni. Kao slavljenik ove "nebeske liturgije" (naziv koji ovoj ikonografiji obično daju historičari umjetnosti), Hristos stoji na oslikanom oltaru u ulozi i kostimu patrijarha, dok anđeli sveštenici idu prema njemu noseći zastrte kaleže, a anđeli đakoni nose prekrivene patene balansirane na njihovim glavama. Ovo neobično držanje anđela đakona precizno odražava pravce liturgijskih uputstava onovremenih knjiga (odnosno "dijatakseisa"). Tako je nebeska liturgija predstavljena kao bliska zrcalna slika zemaljskih obreda koji se vrše u prostoru crkve.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.academia.edu/13892000/Orthodox_Liturgical_Textiles_and_Clerical_Self-Referentiality|title= ''Orthodox Liturgical Textiles and Clerical Self-Referentiality''|work= academia.edu|access-date= 20. 1. 2022}}</ref> Simbolička povezanost liturgijskih obreda sa Hristovim životom zabilježenim u evanđeljima utjecala je na ukrašavanje tekstila, a ovaj simbolizam je vidljiv i na prikazima scena iz evandelja na odjeći visokog bizantijskog sveštenstva.<ref name="BT"/> Tekstilna umjetnost pomogla je da se definira bogatstvo i moć Bizantijskog Carstva, a istovremeno je obogatila cjelokupnu bizantijsku umjetnost.<ref name="ABAT"/> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150" caption="Galerija liturgijskog i sekularnog bizantijskog tekstila"> Datoteka:Kaisariani Monastery 03.jpg|Freske iz manastira Kaisariani u Atini, sa prikazanim sveštenicima u odorama tokom vjerske službe (donji dio slike) Datoteka:Antimension1.jpg|Antimins iz Rumunije, [[Oradea|Oradea-Mare]], 1890. Datoteka:Antimins iz 1692. godine, [[Manastir Rača|manastir Rača]] Datoteka:Dues4Sept21 2009.jpg| Sveštenik stoji za oltarom tokom liturgijskog rituala. Aer je položen preko kaleža i patena (diskosa) Datoteka:Silver-thread embroidered antimensium bearing the representation of the Lament - Google Art Project.jpg|Srebrnim koncem izvezen antimins sa prikazom oplakivanja Hrista, sredina 16. vijeka, visina 40 cm, širina 53 cm, Benaki muzej u Atini Datoteka:Сербский Антиминс.jpg|Srbijanski antimins iz 16. vijeka Datoteka:Gavriele0269.jpg|Religijska zastava ([[Horugva]]) s ikonom sveca, crkva svetog Gabriela u [[Nazaret]]u </gallery> == Reference == {{refspisak}} {{Bizantijska umjetnost}} [[Kategorija:Bizantijska umjetnost]] [[Kategorija:Grčka kultura]] [[Kategorija:Historija umjetnosti]] [[Kategorija:13. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] [[Kategorija:14. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] [[Kategorija:15. vijek u Bizantijskom Carstvu]] j4xtxaoj36g4z4upi506lxl0hf8vpi3 0 478793 3427013 3419021 2022-08-02T07:41:03Z 46.188.140.237 Ispravak wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija TV-emisija | ime = Dobro jutro, komšija | slika = Dobro jutro, komšija serija.jpg | veličina_slike = | slika_alt = | opis_slike = Plakat serije | originalni_naslov = | ime2 = | žanr = [[komedija]] | format = | autor = | bazirano_na = | razvoj = | pisac = | scenarij = [[Pero Špadić]] | priča = | režiser = [[Mladen Marijanović]] | stvaralački_režiseri = | predstavlja = | glumci = {{plainlist| * [[Aleksandar Stojković]] * [[Ivana Hrvačanin]] * [[Željko Kasap]] * [[Radenka Ševa]] * [[Gordana Milinović]] * [[Dean Batoz]] }} | suci = | glasovi = | voditelj = | pripovjedač = | kompozitor_muzičke_teme = | uvodna_tema = | završna_tema = | kompozitori = | država = [[Bosna i Hercegovina|BIH]] | jezik = [[Bošnjački jezik]] | broj_sezona = 3 | broj_serijala = | broj_epizoda = 52 | spisak_epizoda = | izvršni_producenti = | producenti = | montaža = | lokacija = Grad Prijedor | kinematografija = | kamerman = | trajanje = 45. minuta | produkcijska_kompanija = | distributer = | budžet = | kanal = [[BN Televizija|BN TV]], [[RTV Prijedor]] | format_slike = | format_tona = | prvo_prikazano_u = | prvo_emitiranje = 13. januar 2019. | zadnje_emitiranje = 23. maj 2021. | u_BiH = | prethodno = | sljedeće = | povezano = [[Dobro jutro, komšija (serijal)|Dobro jutro, komšija - Serijal]] | veb-sajt = | naslov_veb-sajta = | veb-sajt_produkcije = | naslov_veb-sajta_produkcije = | imdb = tt9610202 }} '''Dobro jutro, komšija''' jest bosanskohercegovačka komedijska serija. Serija je dobila veliku popularnost u ove tri sezone. Premijera serije je bila 13. januara 2019, a zadnja epizoda, koja je ujedno kraj serije i serijala [[Dobro jutro, komšija (serijal)|Dobro jutro, komšija]] je emitirana 23. maja 2021. godine. == Uloge == Neki od glavnih uloga koje su se često pojavljivale u seriji su: * [[Aleksandar Stojković]] kao Čedo * [[Ivana Hrvačanin]] kao Jelka * [[Željko Kasap]] kao Nediljko * [[Radenka Ševa]] kao Milka * [[Gordana Milinović]] kao Danica * [[Dean Batoz]] kao Mile == Sezone == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |- ! scope="col" style="padding: 0 8px" colspan="2" rowspan="2"| Sezona ! scope="col" style="padding: 0 8px" rowspan="2"| Epizode ! colspan="2"| Datumi emitiranja |- ! style="width:10.25em;" | Premijera sezone ! style="width:10.25em;" | Finale sezone |- ! scope="row" style="background:#d7b57e;width:10px;" | | [[#1. sezona|1.]] | 20 | 13. 1. 2019. | 9. 6. 2019. |- ! scope="row" style="background:#085AFF;width:10px;" | | [[#2. sezona|2.]] | 20 | 12. 1. 2020. | 24. 5. 2020. |- ! scope="row" style="background:#E4D005;width:10px;" | | [[#3. sezona|3.]] | 12 | 7. 3. 2021. | 23. 5. 2021. |} == Epizode == === 1. sezona === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width: 100%; margin-right: 0;" |- ! style="background: #d7b57e; color: black;" width="50"| {{Abbr|Br. ep.|Broj epizode}} u seriji ! style="background: #d7b57e; color: black;" width="60"| Br. ep.<br />u sezoni ! style="background: #d7b57e; color: black;"| Naslov ! style="background: #d7b57e; color: black;" width="105"| Datum {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 1 | BrojEpizode2 = 1 | Naslov = Nova komšinica | Datum = 13. 1. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 2 | BrojEpizode2 = 2 | Naslov = Danica kod doktora | Datum = 20. 1. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 3 | BrojEpizode2 = 3 | Naslov = Posao | Datum = 27. 1. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 4 | BrojEpizode2 = 4 | Naslov = Koka | Datum = 3. 2. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 5 | BrojEpizode2 = 5 | Naslov = Prvi radni dan | Datum = 10. 2. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 6 | BrojEpizode2 = 6 | Naslov = Milica | Datum = 17. 2. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 7 | BrojEpizode2 = 7 | Naslov = Striko | Datum = 24. 2. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 8 | BrojEpizode2 = 8 | Naslov = Medeni | Datum = 3. 3. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 9 | BrojEpizode2 = 9 | Naslov = Kičma | Datum = 10. 3. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 10 | BrojEpizode2 = 10 | Naslov = Krema | Datum = 17. 3. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 11 | BrojEpizode2 = 11 | Naslov = Slava | Datum = 24. 3. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 12 | BrojEpizode2 = 12 | Naslov = Žalost | Datum = 31 .3. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 13 | BrojEpizode2 = 13 | Naslov = Džemperi | Datum = 7. 4. 2019 | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 14 | BrojEpizode2 = 14 | Naslov = Kucni ljubimci | Datum = 21. 4. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 15 | BrojEpizode2 = 15 | Naslov = Strava | Datum = 28. 4. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 16 | BrojEpizode2 = 16 | Naslov = Zub | Datum = 5. 5. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 17 | BrojEpizode2 = 17 | Naslov = Zenidba | Datum = 19. 5. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 18 | BrojEpizode2 = 18 | Naslov = Dijeta | Datum = 26. 5. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 19 | BrojEpizode2 = 19 | Naslov = Auto | Datum = 2. 6. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 20 | BrojEpizode2 = 20 | Naslov = Bajka | Datum = 9. 6. 2019. | BojaLinije = E68471 }} |} === 2. sezona === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width: 100%; margin-right: 0;" |- ! style="background: #085AFF; color: black;" width="50"| {{Abbr|Br. ep.|Broj epizode}} u seriji ! style="background: #085AFF; color: black;" width="60"| Br. ep.<br />u sezoni ! style="background: #085AFF; color: black;"| Naslov ! style="background: #085AFF; color: black;" width="105"| Datum {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 21 | BrojEpizode2 = 1 | Naslov = Miridba | Datum = 12. 1. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 22 | BrojEpizode2 = 2 | Naslov = Njemačka | Datum = 19. 1. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 23 | BrojEpizode2 = 3 | Naslov = Pehista | Datum = 26. 1. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 24 | BrojEpizode2 = 4 | Naslov = Lopov | Datum = 2. 2. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 25 | BrojEpizode2 = 5 | Naslov = Tata | Datum = 9. 2. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 26 | BrojEpizode2 = 6 | Naslov = Usisivač | Datum = 16. 2. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 27 | BrojEpizode2 = 7 | Naslov = Autoput | Datum = 23. 2. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 28 | BrojEpizode2 = 8 | Naslov = Ljubomora | Datum = 1. 3. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 29 | BrojEpizode2 = 9 | Naslov = Čobanin | Datum = 8. 3. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 30 | BrojEpizode2 = 10 | Naslov = Udaja | Datum = 15. 3. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 31 | BrojEpizode2 = 11 | Naslov = Hipnoza | Datum = 22. 3. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 32 | BrojEpizode2 = 12 | Naslov = Hotel | Datum = 29. 3. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 33 | BrojEpizode2 = 13 | Naslov = Kupovina | Datum = 5. 4. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 34 | BrojEpizode2 = 14 | Naslov = Rođendan | Datum = 12. 4. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 35 | BrojEpizode2 = 15 | Naslov = Dan grada | Datum = 19. 4. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 36 | BrojEpizode2 = 16 | Naslov = Bolnica | Datum = 26. 4. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 37 | BrojEpizode2 = 17 | Naslov = Slikarstvo | Datum = 3. 5. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 38 | BrojEpizode2 = 18 | Naslov = Čini | Datum = 10. 5. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 39 | BrojEpizode2 = 19 | Naslov = Torini | Datum = 17. 5. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 40 | BrojEpizode2 = 20 | Naslov = Sahrana | Datum = 24. 5. 2020. | BojaLinije = 085AFF }} |} === 3. sezona === {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width: 100%; margin-right: 0;" |- ! style="background: #E4D005; color: black;" width="50"| {{Abbr|Br. ep.|Broj epizode}} u seriji ! style="background: #E4D005; color: black;" width="60"| Br. ep.<br />u sezoni ! style="background: #E4D005; color: black;"| Naslov ! style="background: #E4D005; color: black;" width="105"| Datum {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 41 | BrojEpizode2 = 1 | Naslov = Dvoboj | Datum = 7. 3. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 42 | BrojEpizode2 = 2 | Naslov = Asfalt | Datum = 14. 3. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 43 | BrojEpizode2 = 3 | Naslov = Dug | Datum = 21. 3. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 44 | BrojEpizode2 = 4 | Naslov = Gosti | Datum = 28. 3. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 45 | BrojEpizode2 = 5 | Naslov = Lutka | Datum = 4. 4. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 46 | BrojEpizode2 = 6 | Naslov = Ribolov | Datum = 11. 4. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 47 | BrojEpizode2 = 7 | Naslov = Srebreni pir | Datum = 18. 4. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 48 | BrojEpizode2 = 8 | Naslov = Proteza | Datum = 25. 4. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 49 | BrojEpizode2 = 9 | Naslov = Konzul | Datum = 2. 5. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 50 | BrojEpizode2 = 10 | Naslov = Duh | Datum = 9. 5. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 51 | BrojEpizode2 = 11 | Naslov = Ljubav | Datum = 16. 5. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} {{Spisak epizoda | BrojEpizode = 52 | BrojEpizode2 = 12 | Naslov = Svadba | Datum = 23. 5. 2021. | BojaLinije = E4D005 }} |} == Produkcija == Početkom septembra 2018. godine, urađena je audicija za ovu seriju, gdje se najviše prijavilo mladih osoba.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kozarski.com/audicija-za-seriju-dobro-jutro-komsija-video/|title=AUDICIJA ZA SERIJU “DOBRO JUTRO, KOMŠIJA” (VIDEO)|date=10. 9. 2018}}</ref> Polovinom septembra 2018. godine, počelo je snimanje serije, a snimanje prvih deset epizoda je završeno krajem novembra 2018. godine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prijedordanas.com/?p=116648|title=ZAVRŠENO SNIMANJE PRVIH 10 EPIZODA SERIJE “DOBRO JUTRO, KOMŠIJA”: GORNJI ORLOVCI SVE ATRAKTIVNIJA LOKACIJA|date=25. 11. 2018}}</ref> Premijera prve sezone je emitirana na [[BN Televizija|BN TV]] 13. januara 2019 godine, a zadnja epizoda prve sezone je emitirana 9. juna 2019. godine.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rtvbn.com/3928241/filmska-prica-iz-produkcije-bntv-|title=Filmska priča iz produkcije BNTV|date=5. 11. 2018}}</ref> Snimanje druge sezone počelo je krajem septembra 2019. godine.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://prnjavorlive.info/pocelo-snimanje-novih-epizoda-popularne-serije-dobro-jutro-komsija/|title=Počelo snimanje novih epizoda popularne serije “Dobro jutro komšija”|date=20. 9. 2019}}</ref> Premijera druge sezone je emitirana na [[BN Televizija|BN TV]] 12. januara 2020 godine, a zadnja epizoda druge sezone je emitirana 24. maja 2020. godine. Snimanje treće sezone koja je ujedno zadnja sezona, i koja označava kraj ovog [[Dobro jutro, komšija (serijal)|serijala]], jest počelo polovinom septembra 2020. godine, a završeno je početkom 2021. godine.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://prijedor24.com/pocelo-snimanje-trece-sezone-serije-dobro-jutro-komsija/|title=POČELO SNIMANJE TREĆE SEZONE SERIJE “DOBRO JUTRO, KOMŠIJA”|date=14. 9. 2020|access-date=12. 6. 2021|archive-date=12. 6. 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210612131009/https://prijedor24.com/pocelo-snimanje-trece-sezone-serije-dobro-jutro-komsija/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Premijera treće sezone je emitirana na [[BN Televizija|BN TV]] 7. marta 2021 godine, a zadnja epizoda druge sezone je emitirana 23. maja 2021. godine. == Vanjski linkovi == * {{imdb title|id=tt9610202|title=Dobro jutro, komšija - Serija}} * {{Facebook|DobroJutroKomsijaSerija/|name=Dobro jutro, komšija}} * {{YouTube|channel=UCM6p-N0eX1YeLdyTIFAYkUw|title=Dobro jutro, komšija}} == Refernce == {{reflist}} [[Kategorija:Bosanskohercegovačke TV-serije]] [[Kategorija:Bosanskohercegovačke TV-serije sa početkom prikazivanja 2019.]] 96zx21664jemrzei93qni7idrpzzg24 4 486753 3426949 3418090 2022-08-01T19:32:19Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Arhiva istaknutih članaka – zaglavlje|god=2022}} == Prihvaćeni == === [[Slavko Avsenik]] === [[Datoteka:Goldenwiki.png|20px]] Prihvaćeno za januar 2022. ''Nominirao [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 19:18, 9 decembar 2021 (CET)'' ==== Za ==== * {{Za}} [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 19:25, 9 decembar 2021 (CET) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 23:52, 9 decembar 2021 (CET) ==== Protiv ==== ==== Komentari ==== === [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Komnen]] === [[Datoteka:Goldenwiki.png|20px]] Prihvaćeno za februar 2022. ''Nominirao [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 19:21, 9 decembar 2021 (CET)'' ==== Za ==== * {{Za}} [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 19:25, 9 decembar 2021 (CET) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 23:52, 9 decembar 2021 (CET) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 11:01, 6 januar 2022 (CET) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 20:43, 23 januar 2022 (CET) ==== Protiv ==== ==== Komentari ==== === ''[[Sonic Adventure]]'' === [[Datoteka:Goldenwiki.png|20px]] Prihvaćeno za mart 2022. ''Nominirao [[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 20:43, 23 januar 2022 (CET)'' ==== Za ==== * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 11:29, 24 januar 2022 (CET) * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 11:38, 24 januar 2022 (CET) * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 12:05, 24 januar 2022 (CET) ==== Protiv ==== ==== Komentari ==== === [[Zemlja nomada (film)]] === [[Datoteka:Goldenwiki.png|20px]] Prihvaćeno za april 2022. ''Nominirao [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 19:18, 9 decembar 2021 (CET)'' ==== Za ==== * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 11:01, 6 januar 2022 (CET) ==== Protiv ==== ==== Komentari ==== * produžiti [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 19:25, 9 decembar 2021 (CET) === [[Košarka na Olimpijskim igrama]] === [[Datoteka:Goldenwiki.png|20px]] Prihvaćeno za maj 2022. ''Nominirao [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 16:46, 20 februar 2022 (CET)'' ==== Za ==== * {{za}} --[[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 19:14, 28 februar 2022 (CET) * {{za}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 16:19, 2 mart 2022 (CET) * {{za}} --[[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 17:48, 2 mart 2022 (CET) * {{za}} --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 12:51, 1 april 2022 (CEST) * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 12:55, 1 april 2022 (CEST) * {{za}} [[Korisnik:AdnanSa|Ado]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:AdnanSa|razgovor]]) 15:20, 1 april 2022 (CEST) ==== Protiv ==== ==== Komentari ==== === [[Nimrod (album)]] === [[Datoteka:Goldenwiki.png|20px]] Prihvaćeno za juni 2022. ''Nominirao [[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 17:45, 28 februar 2022 (CET) ==== Za ==== * {{za}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 16:19, 2 mart 2022 (CET) * {{za}} [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 10:56, 1 april 2022 (CEST) * {{za}} --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 12:51, 1 april 2022 (CEST) * {{za}} – [[Korisnik:Srđan|Srđan]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Srđan|razgovor]]) 12:55, 1 april 2022 (CEST) ==== Protiv ==== ==== Komentari ==== == [[Silovanja u ratu u Bosni i Hercegovini]] == [[Datoteka:Goldenwiki.png|20px]] Prihvaćeno za juli 2022. ''Nominirao [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 03:35, 7 juni 2022 (CEST)'' === Za === * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 10:58, 7 juni 2022 (CEST) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Arnel|Arnel ]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Arnel|razgovor]]) 15:56, 7 juni 2022 (CEST) * {{Za}} [[Korisnik:Nerko65|Nerko65]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Nerko65|razgovor]]) 17:20, 7 juni 2022 (CEST) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Mhare|Haris]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Mhare|razgovor]]) 12:35, 19 juni 2022 (CEST) * {{Za}} [[Korisnik:AdnanSa|AdnanSa]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:AdnanSa|razgovor]]) 10:01, 23 juni 2022 (CEST) === Protiv === === Komentari === * Prijedlog za juli. Znam da je tema teška s ljudskog aspekta, ali Wiki ne bježi od činjenica, kakve god bile. Članak je jezički prilično sređen, a ne manjka ni referenci. – [[Korisnik:KWiki|KWiki]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:KWiki|razgovor]]) 03:35, 7 juni 2022 (CEST) == [[Bizantijska umjetnost za vrijeme vladavine dinastije Paleolog]] == [[Datoteka:Goldenwiki.png|20px]] Prihvaćeno za august 2022. ''Nominirao [[User:AnToni|'''<span style="font-size:0.925em; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';"><span style="color:red;">A</span><span style="color:black;">n</span><span style="color:red;">T</span><span style="color:green;">o</span><span style="color:gold;">n</span><span style="color:black;">i</span></span>''']]_{([[Razgovor sa korisnikom:AnToni|<big><span style="color:red; font-family:'Bradley Hand ITC';">'''''R'''''</span></big>]])} 19:18, 9 decembar 2021 (CET)'' === Za === * [[Korisnik:Palapa|palapabosnia]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Palapa|razgovor]]) 19:25, 9 decembar 2021 (CET) * {{Za}} --[[Korisnik:Semso98|Semso98]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:Semso98|razgovor]]) 23:52, 9 decembar 2021 (CET) * {{Za}} [[Korisnik:AdnanSa|AdnanSa]] ([[Razgovor s korisnikom:AdnanSa|razgovor]]) 10:01, 23 juni 2022 (CEST) === Protiv === === Komentari === == Odbijeni == i7aqst3bsqymtmehm9j9rlmdimwlhe1 0 486964 3427001 3426700 2022-08-02T03:18:48Z JulleTwo 140270 Dodatne gramatičke i logičke izmjene wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija kompanija | grupa = | slogan = | prestala_postojati = | vlasnik = Ajdin Brković<br>Mersad Vejzović | podruž = Monad Plug<br>Monad Lead<br>Monadon<br>Monad Games | divizije = | neto_dobit = | operativni_prihod = | prihod = | usluge = Digitalni Marketing<br> Affiliate Marketing<br>Razvijanje Aplikacija i Softvera<br>E-commerce<br>Copywriting | pod_posluženo = | web = {{URL|monetizead.com}} | holding = | ime = MonetizeAd d.o.o | zaposleni = 243 (2021) | proizvodi = | industrija = IT Industrija | predsjednik = | sjedište = Sarajevo | osnivači = Ajdin Brković<br>Mersad Vejzović | osnivanje = 2017. | vrsta = [[Društvo sa ograničenom odgovornošću]] | slika = Monetizead-logo.png | dodatak = }} '''MonetizeAd''' je [[Bosna i Hercegovina|bosanskohercegovačka]] [[kompanija]] za digitalni [[marketing]], osnovana 2017. godine. Sjedište kompanije nalazi se u [[Sarajevo|Sarajevu]], u [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosni i Hercegovini]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.akta.ba/firma/monetize-ad-doo-sarajevo/311198|title=Monetize Ad d.o.o. Sarajevo - Akta.ba|last=Akta.ba|website=www.akta.ba|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://opencorporates.al/en/nipt/m01825020q|title=Monetize Ad d.o.o. Sarajevo Limited Charm|website=opencorporates.al|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bizreg.pravosudje.ba/pls/apex/f?p=183:13:689126952587672::NO:RP,13:P13_P_POS_ID,P13_XMBS,P13_NAZIV:11545420%2C65-01-0059-18%2C%5CMonetize%20Ad%20d.o.o.%20Sarajevo%5C|title=Registri poslovnih subjekata u Bosni i Hercegovini}}</ref> sa ispostavama u [[Slovenija|Sloveniji]], [[Srbija|Srbiji]], [[Hrvatska|Hrvatskoj]], [[Kosovo|na Kosovu]], [[Sjeverna Makedonija|u Sjevernoj Makedoniji]], [[Mađarska|Mađarskoj]], [[Crna Gora|Crnoj Gori]], [[Albanija|Albaniji]] i [[Turska|Turskoj]]. Kompanija zapošljava 220 zaposlenika.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://avaz.ba/vijesti/biznis/706685/mlada-marketinska-kompanija-monetize-ad-predstavila-brilijantne-rezultate-u-protekloj-godini|title=Mlada marketinška kompanija Monetize Ad predstavila brilijantne rezultate u protekloj godini|date=30. 12. 2021|website=Avaz.ba|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref> i posluje u mnogim državama Jugoistočne Evrope. MonetizeAd se bavi digitalnim marketingom, IT industrijom u globalu.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://visitbih.ba/najuspjesnija-agencija-za-digitalni-marketing-u-bih-i-regionu-monetize-ad-je-jedna-velika-porodica/|title=Najuspješnija agencija za digitalni marketing u BiH i regionu: Monetize Ad je jedna velika porodica {{!}} visitbih.ba|last=Smigalovic|first=Ismar|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bizreg.pravosudje.ba/pls/apex/f?p=183:13:689126952587672::NO:RP,13:P13_P_POS_ID,P13_XMBS,P13_NAZIV:11545420,65-01-0059-18,%5CMonetize%20Ad%20d.o.o.%20Sarajevo%5C|title=Podaci Subjekat|website=bizreg.pravosudje.ba|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biznisinfo.ba/najbolji-poslovi-sedmice-otvorena-radna-mjesta-u-doboju-i-sarajevu/|title=Najbolji poslovi sedmice: Otvorena radna mjesta u Doboju i Sarajevu|date=16. 2. 2021|website=Biznis Info|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-profiles.monetize_ad_doo_sarajevo.860457c9ba56f98b2d5e19340b169f72.html|title=DNB - Moneitze Ad d.o.o Sarajevo}}</ref> == Historija == MonetizeAd korporacija, osnovana je 2017. godine u [[Tuzla|Tuzli]] i na početku je kompanija imala dva zaposlenika. U 2021. godini je dobila prvi "Rising Star" za najbrže rastuću kompaniju u BiH<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://poslovnenovine.ba/2020/09/11/rapidni-porast-naseg-poslovanja-nastavlja-se-i-u-2020-monetize-ad-d-o-o/|title=Rapidni porast našeg poslovanja nastavlja se i u 2020. - Monetize Ad d.o.o.|date=11. 9. 2020|website=Poslovne novine|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref> Nakon uspješnog poslovanja, ulaze u trku na prostoru Jugoistočne [[Evropa|Evrope]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://depo.ba/clanak/225951/vukovi-s-hadziabdinice-predstavili-svoje-zavidne-rezultate-gala-party-u-sarajevskom-hotelu-hills|title='Vukovi s Hadžiabdinice' predstavili svoje zavidne rezultate: Gala party u sarajevskom hotelu Hills...|website=depo.ba|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref> U 2019. godini, kompanija je zabilježila porast prihoda od 98.7% u odnosu na 2018. godinu.<ref name=":2"/><ref name=":1" /> == Projekti == MonetizeAd je, među prvim produktima, kreirao sistem za monetizaciju internet saobraćaja pod nazivom [[MonadPlug]].<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tuzlanski.ba/ekonomija/pozitivan-primjer-u-vremenu-pandemije-koronavirusa-kompanija-monetize-ad-ucetvorostrucila-prihode/|title=Tuzlanski.ba|last=http://tuzlanski.ba|date=22. 9. 2020|website=Tuzlanski.ba|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ucompares.com/monadplug-review/|title=MonadPlug Review (2021) - Best Ad Network For Publishers?|date=1. 11. 2021|website=uCompares.com|language=en|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adswikia.com/monadplug/|title=MonadPlug Review - CPC Advertising Network {{!}} ADSWikia|last=|first=|date=2. 2. 2021|language=en|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref> Nakon [[MonadPlug]]-a, developeri MonetizeAd kompanije počinju raditi na projektu pod imenom MonadLead. MonadLead je CPA Network napravljen da može parirati Afilliate programima i platformama, dok je Monad Games projekat koji je rezultirao stvaranjem tima za razvijanje mobilnih igara sa kojim MonetizeAd planira izaći na svjetsko tržište.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://poslovnenovine.ba/2021/12/17/monetizead-iz-sarajeva-nuzno-kvalitetnije-online-biznis-okruzenje-u-bih/|title=MonetizeAd iz Sarajeva: Nužno kvalitetnije online biznis okruženje u BiH|date=17. 12. 2021|website=Poslovne novine|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref> == Nagrade == Dobitnici su nagrade "Rising Star"<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://ekskluziva.ba/kompanija-monetizead-velikom-novogodisnjom-zabavom-proslavila-uspjesnu-proteklu-godinu-galerija/422189|title=Kompanija MonetizeAd velikom novogodišnjom zabavom proslavila uspješnu proteklu godinu! (Galerija)|date=27. 12. 2021|website=Ekskluziva.ba|access-date=5. 1. 2022}}</ref> za najbrže rastuću kompaniju u [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosni i Hercegovini]] u posljednjih nekoliko godina, te su dobitnici Certifikata bonitetne pouzdanosti kao pouzdan poslovni partner.<ref name=":0"/> == Reference == {{refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == * [https://monetizead.com Zvanični sajt] [[Kategorija:Marketing]] [[Kategorija:Kompanije]] [[Kategorija:Kompanije u Bosni i Hercegovini]] [[Kategorija:Sarajevo]] 5wsgrvvui47sgaajnuria448c8j3wuj 0 488693 3426894 3398887 2022-08-01T12:32:09Z InternetArchiveBot 118070 Rescuing 4 sources and submitting 0 for archiving.) #IABot (v2.0.8.9 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Vlast]] u [[Angola|Angoli]] podijeljena je na [[Sudska vlast|sudsku]], [[Izvršna vlast|izvršnu]] i [[Zakonodavna vlast|zakonodavnu]]. Decenijama je politička moć bila koncentrisana u predsjedništvu Narodnog pokreta za oslobođenje Angole (MPLA). == Historija == Od usvajanja novog ustava 2010. godine, politika Angole odvija se u okviru predsjedničke republike, u kojoj je predsjednik Angole šef države i šef vlade, te višestranačkog sistema. Izvršnu vlast vrši vlada. Zakonodavnu vlast imaju [[predsjednik]], [[vlada]] i [[parlament]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.portalangop.co.ao/motix/en_us/noticias/politica/2010/0/3/Constituent-Assembly-approves-Angolan-Constitution,7c03e88b-4d2c-425f-bacd-caf923937062.html|title=Angola Press - Politics - Constituent Assembly approves Angolan Constitution|date=27. 2. 2012|website=web.archive.org|access-date=20. 2. 2022|archive-date=27. 2. 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227151123/http://www.portalangop.co.ao/motix/en_us/noticias/politica/2010/0/3/Constituent-Assembly-approves-Angolan-Constitution,7c03e88b-4d2c-425f-bacd-caf923937062.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Od 1975. godine, nakon sticanja [[Nezavisnost|nezavisnosti]], zemljom je vladao Narodni pokret za oslobođenje Angole (MPLA). Jednostranački [[Marksizam|marksističko]]-[[Vladimir Lenjin|lenjinistički]] sistem državnog uređenja zamijenjen je višestranačkom [[Demokratija|demokratijom]] na osnovu novog Ustava usvojenog 1992. Iste godine održani su parlamentarni i predsjednički izbori. Apsolutnu većinu na parlamentarnim izborima osvojila je MPLA. Predsjednik države postao je [[José Eduardo dos Santos]], koji je u prvom krugu izbora osvojio više od 49% glasova. [[Jonas Savimbi]], njegov glavni protivnik i lider Nacionalne unije za potpunu nezavisnost Angole (UNITA), osvojio je 40% glasova birača. Očekivalo se da će biti održan drugi krug izbora, ali to se nije desilo. Neposredno nakon izbora, koje je UNITA smatrala kompromitovanim, počeo je građanski rat. Nove demokratske institucije djelovale su u određenoj mjeri, posebice Narodna skupština, uz aktivno sudjelovanje zastupnika Nacionalne unije za potpunu nezavisnost Angole (UNITA-e) i Narodnog oslobodilačkog fronta Angole (FNLA-e), dok je José Eduardo dos Santos nastavio obavljati funkciju predsjednika bez demokratske legitimacije. Međutim, oružane snage MPLA-e (sada službene oružane snage države Angole) i UNITA-e započele su međusobnu borbu, koja je trajala sve dok vođa UNITA-e, Jonas Savimbi, nije ubijen 2002. godine.<ref>Od 1998. do 2002. postojala je Vlada nacionalnog jedinstva i pomirenja koju su činili ministri iz FNLA-e i UNITA-e.</ref> Od 2002. do 2010. godine sistem definisan Ustavom iz 1992. funkcionisao je prilično dobro. Izvršnu vlast činili su predsjednik, premijer i Vijeće ministara. Vijeće ministara koje čine ministri i njihovi zamjenici, redovno se sastajalo kako bi raspravljalo o političkim pitanjima države. Ustavni zakon iz 1992. utvrdio je strukturu vlasti, te prava i dužnosti građana. Pravni sistem temeljio se na portugalskom i [[Običajno pravo|običajnom pravu]], ali je bio slab i fragmentiran. Sudovi su djelovali u samo 12 općina od njih ukupno 140. Vrhovni sud služio je kao apelacioni, Ustavni sud s ovlastima sudske revizije nikada nije konstituiran, uprkos zakonskoj obavezi. U praksi se moć sve više koncentrisala u ruke predsjednika koji je, uz podršku osoblja, u velikoj mjeri kontrolisao parlament, vladu i pravosuđe. [[Građanski rat]], koji je trajao 26 godina, opustošio je institucije Angole. [[Ujedinjene nacije]] procjenjuju da je posljedica rata 1,8 miliona interno raseljenih osoba, dok je ukupno 4 miliona ljudi osjetilo posljedice rata. Dnevni uslovi života u čitavoj zemlji, a posebno u [[Luanda|Luandi]], u kojoj živi 6 miliona stanovnika, odražavaju kolaps administrativne infrastrukture, kao i mnogih socijalnih institucija. Trenutna teška [[Privreda|privredna]] situacija uveliko onemogućava bilo kakav vid državne podrške socijalnim institucijama. Bolnice su bez lijekova i osnovne opreme, škole bez knjiga, a državnim službenicima često nedostaju osnovne potrepštine za svakodnevni rad. == Izvršna vlast == Ustav donesen 2010. godine predsjedniku daje gotovo apsolutnu moć. Izbori za Narodnu skupštinu održavaju se svakih 5 godina. Predsjednik imenuje: * Članove vlade (državne ministre, ministre, državne sekretare i zamjenike ministara) * Sudije Ustavnog suda * Sudije Vrhovnog suda * Sudije Apelacionog suda * Sudije Vrhovnog vojnog suda * Guvernere i vice-guvernere državne banke * Državno i vojno pravobranilaštvo * Guvernere provincija * Članove Republičkog vijeća * Članove Vijeća za državnu sigurnost * Članove Višeg magistarskog vijeća * Glavnog načelnika Oružanih snaga i njegovog zamjenika * Sva ostala zapovjedna mjesta u Oružanim snagama * Glavnog načelnika policije i njegovog zamjenika * Sva ostala zapovjedna mjesta u policiji * Načelnike i direktore obavještajno-sigurnosnih organa Predsjednik takođe ima niz ovlasti, poput definisanja državne politike. Iako nije na njemu da donosi zakone (on ih samo proglašava i uređuje), predsjednik je vođa pobjedničke stranke. Jedino "važno" mjesto koje ne imenuje predsjednik direktno jeste potpredsjednik, koji je obično drugi u pobjedničkoj stranci.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.angolaembassy.org.il/documents/AngolaConstitution05.02.2010.pdf|title=Ustav Angole|website=web.archive.org|access-date=20. 2. 2022|archive-date=28. 3. 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328113805/http://www.angolaembassy.org.il/documents/AngolaConstitution05.02.2010.pdf|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Godine 2017. José Eduardo dos Santos odstupio je s mjesta predsjednika Angole nakon 38 godina vlasti, a naslijedio ga je [[João Lourenço]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/who-is-angolas-new-president-joao-lourenco/a-40218458|title=Who is Angola's new president Joao Lourenco? {{!}} DW {{!}} 26.09.2017|last=Welle (www.dw.com)|first=Deutsche|website=DW.COM|language=en-GB|access-date=20. 2. 2022}}</ref> == Zakonodavna vlast == Narodna skupština (Assembleia Nacional) broji 223 člana koji se biraju svake 4 godine (130 članova po proporcionalnoj zastupljenosti, 90 članova u pokrajinskim distriktima, te 3 člana koji predstavljaju Angolu u inozemstvu). Opći izbori 1997. odgođeni su za 5. septembar 2008. Vladajuća stranka osvojila je tada 82% glasova (191 mjesto u Narodnoj skupštini), a glavna opoziciona stranka samo 10% (16 mjesta). Međutim, opisano je da su izbori bili djelomično slobodni, ali svakako nepošteni.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kas.de/proj/home/pub/8/2/year-2008/dokument_id-15323/index.html|title=Parlamentarni izbori u Angoli 2008. Namibia Office, Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V.|date=28. 4. 2009|website=web.archive.org|language=EN|access-date=20. 2. 2022|archive-date=28. 4. 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090428070220/http://www.kas.de/proj/home/pub/8/2/year-2008/dokument_id-15323/index.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Bijela knjiga o izborima 2008. navodi sve nepravilnosti u vezi izbora te iste godine. == Sudska vlast == Sudije Vrhovnog suda imenuje predsjednik. Ustavni sud ima 11 sudija. Četiri imenuje predsjednik, četiri Narodna skupština, dvoje Visoko sudsko vijeće, a jednog bira narod.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tribunalconstitucional.ao/Conteudos/Artigos/detalhe_artigo.aspx?idc=148&idsc=156&idl=1|title=Tribunal Constitucional de Angola - Tribunal|date=7. 2. 2015|website=web.archive.org|language=pt|access-date=20. 2. 2022|archive-date=7. 2. 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207230823/http://www.tribunalconstitucional.ao/Conteudos/Artigos/detalhe_artigo.aspx?idc=148&idsc=156&idl=1|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> == Administrativna podjela == Angola ima 18 pokrajina: Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, te Zaire. == Politički pritisak grupa i lidera == Front za oslobođenje enklave Cabinda – FLEC (Henrique N'zita Tiago; António Bento Bembe). * FLEC je grupa koja vodi oružanu borbu za nezavisnost pokrajine Cambinda od ostatka Angole. == Reference == [[Kategorija:Politika Angole| ]] [[Kategorija:Angola]] bhkkrj7daxrz23a2r9n83k1qmj4is8h 0 490537 3426915 3426702 2022-08-01T14:08:04Z Grginović Šime 142171 Pošto je admine ne žele pregledat nema ni potrebe za istom. ne uklapa se u historiju Bosne i hercegovine :)) wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 3426925 3426915 2022-08-01T16:50:33Z AnToni 2325 Vraćene izmjene korisnika [[Special:Contributions/Grginović Šime|Grginović Šime]] ([[User talk:Grginović Šime|razgovor]]) na posljednju izmjenu korisnika [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija bivša država | zvanično_ime = Kraljevina Dalmacija | izvorno_ime = Kraljevina Dalmacija | genitiv = Kraljevine Dalmacije | razdoblje = 1815–1918 | država_prije1 = | država_prije_zastava1 = | država_prije2 = | država_prije_zastava2 = Flag of Austria-Hungary 1869-1918.svg | država_prije3 = | država_prije_zastava3 = | država_prije4 = | država_prije_zastava4 = | država_prije5 = | država_prije_zastava5 = | država_poslije1 = | država_poslije_zastava1 = | država_poslije2 = | država_poslije_zastava2 = | država_poslije3 = | država_poslije_zastava3 = | država_poslije4 = | država_poslije_zastava4 = | država_poslije5 = | država_poslije_zastava5 = | zastava = Flag of the Kingdom of Dalmatia.svg | grb = Coat of arms of Dalmatia 1495.svg | uzrečica = | himna = ''[[Carevka]] ([[Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser]])'' | karta = Kingdom of Dalmatia.jpg | glavni_grad = [[Zadar]] | glavni_grad_kordinati = | najveći_grad = | službeni_jezik = [[hrvatski]], [[njemački]], [[talijanski]] | etničke_grupe = | državno_uređenje = [[Monarhija]] | vrsta_vlasti = Namjesnik | godina_prve_vlasti = 1815.-1831. | vladar_prva_vlast = Franjo Tomašić (prvi) | godina_druge_vlasti = 1911.-1918. | vladar_druga_vlast = Mario Attems (zadnji) | godina_treće_vlasti = | vladar_treća_vlast = | nezavisnost = | nezavisnost_priznato = | površina = | po_površini_na_svijetu = | procenat_vode = | stanovnika = | stanovnika_godina = | po_broju_stanovnika_na_svijetu = | gustoća = | po_broju_gustoće_na_svijetu = | valuta = Austro-ugarska kruna | vremenska_zona = UTC+1 | internetski_nastavak = | pozivni_broj = | komentar = }}'''Kraljevina Dalmacija''' bila je to austrijska krunska zemlja u [[Austrijsko Carstvo|Austrijskom Carstvu]] (1815-1867) i [[Austro-Ugarska monarhija|Austro-Ugarskoj Monarhiji]] (1867-1918). Preustrojem Monarhije 1867. ostaje u austrijskom dijelu, odvojen od Hrvatske i Slavonije (tada u mađarskoj polovini). Međutim, [[Dalmacija]] je pravno bila sastavni dio [[Trojedne Kraljevine Hrvatske]], [[Slavonija|Slavonije]] i [[Dalmacija|Dalmacije]], koja ju je stoga nosila u svom nazivu i grbu (Dalmacija je priznata kao sastavni dio Trojedne Kraljevine i član 66. Hrvatsko-ugarske naseljavanje), iako do stvarnog ujedinjenja Dalmacije sa Hrvatskom i Slavonijom nikada nije došlo. Od 1861. godine Kraljevina Dalmacija ima svoju saborsku skupštinu: Dalmatinski sabor sa sjedištem u Zadru. Pokrajinski odbor, koji je birao Sabor (osim predsjednika, i predsjednik Sabora, kojeg su imenovali car i kralj), predstavljao je Vladu Kraljevine Dalmacije u samoupravnim poslovima. Centralnu vlast predstavljao je C. kr. Vlada u [[Zadar|Zadru]] (tal. Imperial Regio Governo della Dalmazia), koja se od 1852. zove C. kr. Namjesništvo (talijanski: Imperial Regia Luogotenenza della Dalmazia) vodi guverner ili guverner kojeg imenuju car i [[Kralj|kral]]<nowiki/>j, kao i u drugim krunskim zemljama austrijskog dijela Austro-Ugarske. Nestao je krajem oktobra 1918. godine, kada je [[Hrvatski sabor]] proglasio neovisnost Hrvatske, Slavonije i Dalmacije s [[Rijeka (grad)|Rijekom]] i priključenje Državi SHS. Gotovo u isto vrijeme velike dijelove Dalmacije okupirala je Kraljevina [[Italija]] na osnovu tajnog Londonskog ugovora sklopljenog sa [[Velika Britanija|Velikom Britanijom]], [[Francuska|Francuskom]] i [[Rusija|Rusijom]]..<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/29748|title=https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/29748|last=https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/29748|first=https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/29748}}</ref> == Historija == === Prva austrijska uprava === Vijest o padu Venecije revoltirana je od strane seljaka i pučana diljem Dalmacije. Osim toga, pojavio se snažan pokret za ujedinjenje sa Hrvatskom. Franjevci i drugi kler održali su skupove, na primjer u Karinu, tražeći ujedinjenje. Pridružili su im se splitski nadbiskup Cipiko, makarski biskup, ali i pravoslavno sveštenstvo. U junu 1797. godine formirali su izaslanstvo za odlazak u Beč da traže od cara ujedinjenje, ali ih je spriječio mirovni ugovor, pa su adresu poslali hrvatskom banu. Kampoformijskim mirom 1797. podijeljena su nekadašnja venecijanska imanja između Francuske i Habsburške Monarhije. Cijela Dalmacija i Istra pripadale su Habsburškoj Monarhiji. Austrijsku vojsku sa oko 4.000 vojnika u posjedu Dalmacije predvodio je podmaršal Matija Rukavina, pristalica ujedinjenja Dalmacije sa Hrvatskom, koji je postavljen i za vojnog namjesnika Dalmacije. Narod i sveštenstvo s oduševljenjem su dočekali dolazak vojske sastavljene uglavnom od Hrvata, koju je predvodio hrvatski podmaršal. Međutim, Beč je Dalmaciju tretirao kao novoosvojenu državu i predao je direktno vladi u Beču. Tako je 1798. C. kr. Vlada u Zadru (tal. Cesareo Regio Governo in Zara) na čelu s guvernerom. Članove vlade i guvernera postavljao je car, a bili su podređeni C. kr. Dvorskoj komisiji za Istru, Dalmaciju i Albaniju u Veneciji (tal. Ces. Reg. Commissione aulica per l'Istria, Dalmazia ed Albania), a od 1802. Odsjeku za Dalmaciju i Boku Dvorske kancelarije u Beču. Sama pokrajina je bila podijeljena na upravno-sudske okruge, odnosno mjesne starješine (tal. superiorità locale), na čijem čelu je bio rektor (tal. rettore) ili sudija-administrator (tal. giudice dirigente). Sjedišta mjesnih starješina bila su u Cresu, Krku, Rabu, Pagu, Zadru, Ninu, Novigradu, Skradinu, Šibeniku, Kninu, Sinju, Trogiru, Splitu, Klisu, Omišu, Braču, Hvaru, Korčuli, Imotskom, Makarskoj, Poljicima i Metkoviću. . Sud je 1802. godine službeno odbio zahtjev za ujedinjenjem. U svojoj kratkoj administraciji, austrijska vlada nije mnogo promijenila sadašnji venecijanski sistem, već je samo provela ograničene reforme u obrazovanju i pravosuđu. U Zadru je 1803. godine otvorena gimnazija. Nakon austrijskog poraza protiv Napoleona, Požunskim mirom 1805. godine Dalmacija je predata Francuzima, koji su je pripojili Napoleonovoj satelitskoj Kraljevini Italiji. === Francuski interregnum === Austrija se 26. decembra 1805. Požunskim mirom morala odreći Istre, Dalmacije i svih jadranskih otoka, pa je u veljači 1806. Francuska preuzela vlast u Dalmaciji. Mlečanin Vincenzo Dandolo postao je generalni providur i civilni upravitelj francuske pokrajine Dalmacije (1806-10), dok je francuski general Auguste Marmont preuzeo sve vojne ovlasti. Novim povećanjem francuskih struja na račun Austrije (mir u Šenbrunu, 14. oktobra 1809.) Dalmacija je uključena u sastav Ilirskih provincija, a Napoleon je 15. aprila 1811. izdao dekret o uređenju Ilirije koju je podelio na 6 civilnih provincija, od kojih je jedna bila Dalmacija i Dubrovnik. === Godine vojne uprave i Druga austrijska uprava === Već 1811. Britanci su od Francuza preuzeli Vis, a 1812. Lastovo, Korčulu, Pelješac, Hvar, Cavtat, dubrovačke otoke i Split. Kotor su držali Rusi. Nakon bitke kod Leipziga i pada Napoleona, Habsburgovci su 1813. odlučili zauzeti ostatak Dalmacije. Akciju je izveo general bojnik barun Franjo Tomašić sa 2.900 vojnika iz Hrvatske. Knin je zauzeo većinu svojih snaga, a nakon kratke opsade Zadar, dok je njegov pomoćnik general Todor Milutinović sa odredom banskih husara osvojio Kotor i Dubrovnik i protjerao Crnogorce.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hrvatski-vojnik.hr/hrvatski-vojnik/1722008/podlistak.asp|title=Hrvatski vojnik - Internet izdanje|date=2013-09-23|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2022-04-22|archive-date=23. 9. 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923191653/http://www.hrvatski-vojnik.hr/hrvatski-vojnik/1722008/podlistak.asp|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Uredbama Bečkog kongresa 1814. i 1815. godine cijela Dalmacija je formalno pripojena Austrijskom carstvu kao krunska zemlja, a Dalmaciji je pripojena Dubrovačka Republika, koja je prestala postojati 1808. godine kada je ukinuta god. francuski. Za namjesnika je postavljen Barun Tomašić, a upravu je preuzela zemaljska vlada na čijem je čelu bio. Kako bi što bolje integrirao prostor od otoka Raba do Budve, bečki dvor je osnovao posebnu teritorijalnu jedinicu: Kraljevinu Dalmaciju. S istom namjerom, papinska bula Locum Beati Petri uspostavila je jedinstvenu zadarsku crkvenu metropolu, kojoj su podređene sve dalmatinske biskupije, uključujući Split i Dubrovnik, nekadašnja nadbiskupijska središta, dok su mnoge dalmatinske biskupije ukinute (Stonsko-korčulanska, Trogirska, Ninska). , Skradin i Rab). ). ), a Makarska biskupija pripojena je Splitu. U periodu od 1816. do 1822. godine osnivaju se svi središnji zemaljski organi u Zadru (na čelu s K.Kr. vladom Dalmacije - talijanskim I.R. Governo della Dalmazia - s guvernerom kao upraviteljem i "predsjednikom" vlade), tj. područnih organa uprave (okruga, okruga i općina), a izvršena je i sudska reorganizacija. Ovi upravni i sudski organi će djelovati do 1852/1854. i 1868. godine, kada je uspostavljena nova upravno-sudska organizacija pokrajinskih organa u Zadru (umjesto Vlade, C.kr. namjesništvo za Dalmaciju - talijanski I.R. Luogotenenza della Dalmazia - na čelu s namjesnikom) i nižih upravnih i sudskih organa. . , sudbene oblasti, općine), takva organizacija, uz manje izmjene, ostat će na snazi ​​do 1918. godine (na temelju februarskog patenta iz 1861. osnovan je Dalmatinski sabor). Austrija je u Dalmaciju dovodila i strane zvaničnike, uglavnom iz sjeverne Italije (tada dio Monarhije) i Austrije. Godine 1832. otvorena je nova cesta (koju je izgradio Josip Kajetan Knežić) preko prijevoja Mali Alan, tek druga veza s kontinentalnom Hrvatskom. Austrijska uprava povećala je broj škola: do 1839. bilo ih je oko 50, a do 1846. oko 150, koje je pohađala trećina školske djece. Međutim, hrvatski je bio gotovo izuzetak u školama na štetu talijanskog.[[Datoteka:Jakob_Alt_-_Piazza_Grande_mit_der_Domkirche_von_Sebenico_-_1841.jpeg|mini|Jakob Alt - Piazza Grande mit der Domkirche von Sebenico - 1841]] ====Hrvatski narodni preporod u Dalmaciji==== Pokreti hrvatskog narodnog preporoda u tzv Banska Hrvatska počela se osjećati i u Dalmaciji. Godine 1835. Božidar Petranović je u Zadru počeo izdavati Srpsko-dalmatinski časopis, a 1844. Ante Kuzmanić pokrenuo je časopis Zora dalmatinska u Zadru i započeo rad na jezičnoj i nacionalnoj svijesti Dalmatinaca, koju je do sada podsticalo samo sveštenstvo. Revolucionaran 1848. godine, u početku je donio stidljivu političku podjelu na marksiste (pristalice obnove Republike Svetog Marka) i monarhiste (pristalice Habsburške monarhije). Kako su bogati talijanski građani i plemstvo zbog izbornih pravila imali potpunu kontrolu nad gradovima i njihovim skupštinama, prijedlog županijskih i gradskih skupština Kraljevine Hrvatske „Braći Dalmatinima iste krvi i jezika“ 1848. za ujedinjenje sa Hrvatskom je glatko odbijena. Međutim, hrvatske nacionalne struje i pokreti su još uvijek bili jaki. Župnici i stanovništvo Dalmatinske zagore reagirali su na autonomaštvo pismom Jelačiću, u kojem su ipak tražili ujedinjenje, jer su protivnici u velikoj manjini. U prosincu 1848. godine Franjo Josip I. imenovao je bana Jelačića za namjesnika Dalmacije. Njegovom imenovanju protivile su se općine Split i Zadar (tada u autonomnim rukama), a preporoditelji u Dalmaciji, posebno u Dubrovniku, dočekali su ga s velikim očekivanjima. Ali oni se uglavnom ne ispunjavaju. Jelačićeva vladavina ostala je uglavnom formalna, a sud je odbio da se ujedini s Hrvatskom. Godine 1851. Jelačić je posjetio Dalmaciju, a u Dobroti (Boka Kotorska) dočekan je s posebnim oduševljenjem. Kako bi se suprotstavili italijanskom državljanstvu, osnivane su javne čitaonice i društva, uglavnom pod "slavenskim" imenom. Mali korak naprijed bila je odluka vlade da se hrvatski kao drugi nacionalni jezik uči u srednjim školama. Unatoč tome, škole s hrvatskim nastavnim jezikom mogle bi se izbrojati na prste jedne ruke. Zato su franjevci u Sinju 1854. godine osnovali prvu hrvatsku gimnaziju u provinciji.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.matica.hr/kolo/306/Kulturni%20%C5%BEivot%20Boke%20i%20preporodna%20gibanja/|title=Matica hrvatska - Kolo 3, 2007. - Kulturni život Boke i preporodna gibanja|website=www.matica.hr|access-date=2022-04-22}}</ref> [[Datoteka:Bust_of_Miho_Klaić_in_Zadar.jpg|mini|Miho klaić]] [[Datoteka:Mihovil_Pavlinovic_(Zadar).JPG|mini|Mihovil Pavlinovic (Zadar)]] ====Sukob narodnjaka i autonomaša==== Godine 1860. car je odlučio obnoviti ustavni i politički život i sazvao prošireni carski savjet. Predstavnici Hrvatske i Slavonije, Vranyczany i Strossmayer, pokrenuli su pitanje ujedinjenja Dalmacije. Predstavnik Dalmacije Frane Borelli priznao je da su Italijani u manjini, ali smatra da još nije došlo vrijeme za taj korak. Tada je u Dalmaciji počelo okupljanje u dvije struje: Narodna stranka pod vodstvom Mihe Klaića i don Mihovila Pavlinovića i autonomaši predvođeni Antoniom Bajamontijem i Luigijem Lapennom. Autonomaši (Tolomaši) su uglavnom bili pripadnici talijanske nacionalne manjine i zagovarali su talijanski identitet Dalmacije, a kasnije su podržavali teoriju o posebnoj dalmatinskoj naciji, italijansko-slavenskoj umjesto hrvatske i srpske. Uz autonomaše bili su namjesnik Lazar Mamula, gradovi Zadar i Split, kojima su se pridružili i mnogi drugi gradovi i općine, te bečki dvor, koji se bojao da će u slučaju ujedinjenja oslabiti Austriju na račun Hrvatske i Ugarske. U narod su se odmah pridružili Stari Grad, Vrboska, Metković, Bol, a posebno Dubrovnik i Kotor. Populisti su se u početku kandidirali pod neutralnim, slovenskim ili narodnim imenom, kako bi bili prihvatljiviji italijanskom biračkom tijelu. Glavna točka njihovog programa bilo je ujedinjenje s Hrvatskom i uvođenje hrvatskog jezika u administraciju i obrazovanje. Povodom sazivanja Hrvatske banske konferencije u Zagrebu 1860. godine pozvani su predstavnici Dalmacije da razgovaraju o ujedinjenju, ali su autonomaši, predvođeni guvernerom Mamulom, osujetili inicijativu. Godine 1861. u Zadru je prvi put sazvan Dalmatinski sabor. Autonomaši su izabrani u parlament velikom većinom, zahvaljujući izbornim pravilima - većinu glasova dobili su zemljoposjednici, službenici i predstavnici bogatih građana (zajedno oko 20% stanovništva Dalmacije). Sabor je odbio ujedinjenje sa Hrvatskom i Slavonijom. Austrijski rat s Pruskom i Italijom rezultirao je i pomorskom bitkom kod Visa 1866., koja je odjeknula u Dalmaciji. Nakon austrougarske nagodbe 1867., koja je učvrstila podjele i svela na najmanju moguću mjeru šanse za ujedinjenje s Hrvatskom, narod se okreće političkoj i kulturnoj borbi za pohrvaćenje Dalmacije, fokusirajući se na škole, želeći uvesti hrvatsko kao jezik nastave. Dakle, njihov cilj je bio da osvoje vlast u opštinama, jer je jezik nastave bio u nadležnosti opština. Već 1862. godine pokrenuli su list na italijanskom jeziku Il Nazionale, kasnije Narodni list, kako bi dobili državljanstvo koje je prvenstveno govorilo italijansko. Don Mihovil Pavlinović je 1869. formirao cjelovit, izrazito hrvatski politički program, Hrvatsku misao. U njemu se zalagao za hrvatsko pravo na samostalnu, cjelovitu i ustavnu hrvatsku državu koja bi obuhvatila sve hrvatske zemlje, pa i Dalmaciju.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://povijest.net/2018/|title=Naslovnica|website=Hrvatski povijesni portal|language=hr|access-date=2022-04-22}}</ref> Kad svi uživamo jednu hrvatsku slobodu, jedno te isto pravo hrvatske države, kad smo svi sinovi jedne hrvatske domovine; svi smo dužni biti ponosni na svoje hrvatsko državljanstvo; svi smo dužni govoriti pred svijetom, rođena braćo majke Hrvatske. Ako grčko-istočna braća u Hrvatskoj ne žele da ih njihov narod naziva Hrvatima, neka priznaju da svi živi znaju da su Hrvati u hrvatskoj zemlji i u hrvatskoj državi; još uvek ne zahtevamo; dovoljno nam je da hrvatski nacionalni-državni integritet ostane ograđen (...) U mjeri u kojoj tražimo neovisnost i integritet za Hrvatsku, mjerimo isto za Srbiju. - don Mihovil Pavlinović, Hrvatska misao, 1869.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.historiografija.hr/hz/1972/HZ_25-26_15_STANCIC.pdf|title=Wayback Machine|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2022-04-22|archive-date=7. 11. 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107030712/http://www.historiografija.hr/hz/1972/HZ_25-26_15_STANCIC.pdf|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Listopada 1869. je godine izbio ustanak u Boki kotorskoj.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.biographien.ac.at/oebl/oebl_S/Schoenfeld_Anton_1827_1898.xml|title=Schönfeld, Anton (Maria Emmerich Wilhelm) Frh. von|last=Dokumentation|first=Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon und biographische|date=2003|website=ISBN 978-3-7001-3213-4|language=de|access-date=2022-04-22}}</ref> Glavnina ustanka bila je u Krivošijama, učestvovali su i stanovnici drugih mjesta: Grblja, Pobora, Majine i Brajića, a imao je podršku susjedne Crne Gore. Ustanak je izbio nakon poraza Austrije od Pruske u bici kod Sadove 1866. Bečki i mađarski parlamenti doneli su zakon o opštoj vojnoj službi, koji predviđa da do tada oslobođeni stanovnici kotorskog i dubrovačkog okruga prestaju oslobađanje od služenja vojnog roka, zatim predaju oružja i sl. Višegodišnje vojno pomorstvo , a oni u brdskom razoružanju uskratili su im mogućnost da čavrljaju po tadašnjoj turskoj Hercegovini i hvataju plijen u sitnoj i krupnoj stoci. U Knezlazu je 11. januara 1870. sklopljen mir pobunjenika sa austrijskim vlastima.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.montenegrina.net/pages/pages1/istorija/petrovici_xviii_vijek/cg_i_bokeljski_ustanak1869_t_grgurevic.html|title=MONTENEGRINA - digitalna biblioteka crnogorske kulture i nasljedja -|website=www.montenegrina.net|access-date=2022-04-22}}</ref> Talijani i populisti počinju da se sve više sukobljavaju, a tenzije rastu. Prilikom posjete italijanskog broda hidrografskoj misiji Monzambano Šibeniku 31. srpnja 1869. godine došlo je do sukoba talijanskih mornara i Hrvata u gradu, koji se pretvorio u vanjskopolitički problem Italije i Austro-Ugarske, poznat kao "Afera Monzambano". Teško je povrijeđeno 14 italijanskih mornara i nekoliko građana. Ubrzo su se narodnjaci sve bolje organizirali i polako osvajali seoske općine Zagore i otoke, pa su pobijedili na izborima za Dalmatinski sabor 1870. godine i postali parlamentarna većina. Godine 1873. osvojen je prvi veći grad Šibenik gdje je 15. veljače izabran prvi hrvatski gradonačelnik Ante Šupuk. Godine 1882., uprkos zastrašivanju i nasilju autonomnih paravojnih jedinica, tzv. bersaljera, Gajo Bulat pobijedio je autonomnog gradonačelnika Splita Antonija Bajamontija. Ubrzo nakon toga, općine Stari Grad i Trogir prešle su u hrvatske ruke, a ubrzo je u autonomnim rukama ostala samo zadarska općina koju narod nije uspio osvojiti sve do sloma Monarhije. 1883. hrvatski je proglašen službenim jezikom Dalmatinskog sabora. Uporedo je rasla i mreža hrvatskih škola - 1866. godine otvorena je hrvatska učiteljska škola u Arbanasima kod Zadra. Godine 1883. već je postojalo oko 300 osnovnih škola na hrvatskom jeziku, dok je hrvatski polako prodirao u srednje škole. Nakon Dubrovačke i Kotorske gimnazije, hrvatski ulazi u splitske gimnazije, a 1898. godine otvara se Hrvatska gimnazija u Zadru.[[Datoteka:Fran_Gundulic2.JPG|mini|Svečano otkrivanje spomenika Ivanu Gunduliću, Dubrovnik, 20. svibnja 1893.]] ====Hrvatsko-srpski razlaz==== Od početka Karadžićevog, Garešaninovog i Subotićevog pisanja o Dalmaciji kao srpskoj zemlji, a posebno od priznavanja Srbije kao nezavisne države 1878. godine, na Berlinskom kongresu sve su veće razlike između Hrvata i Srba u Dalmaciji. Srbi sve više počinju da spominju Dalmaciju kao "srpsku zemlju". Nakon hrvatskog oduševljenja austrougarskom okupacijom BiH, u kojoj su učestvovali brojni vojnici iz Dalmacije, pretrpjeli značajne gubitke, i traženja ujedinjenja BiH sa Hrvatskom i Slavonijom, prekid je bio neminovan. Srbi u Bukovici su 1879. glasali za italijanskog kandidata Autonomaške stranke umjesto Mihovila Klaića, protiveći se Narodnom programu ujedinjenja sa Hrvatskom. Narod je ovaj događaj nazvao izdajom Bukovice. Ubrzo su uspostavljene zasebne hrvatske i srpske stranke, a hrvatske stranke imale su većinu u Dalmatinskom saboru. U novembru 1881. godine antiaustrijski pokreti među Srbima i Crnogorcima u zaleđu Boke Kotorske, u Kraljevini Dalmaciji, pretvorili su se u oružanu pobunu protiv novačenja, što je bila obaveza svih građana Monarhije. Središte bune bilo je u Krivošijama, a vojska na čelu sa potmaršalom Stjepanom Jovanovićem ga je gušila do maja 1882. Godine 1891. Frano Supilo nastupa u Dubrovniku sa časopisom Crvena Hrvatska protiv srpskih pretenzija na Dalmaciju i Dubrovnik i za ujedinjenje sa Hrvatskom. 1893. godine, povodom otkrivanja spomenika Ivanu Gunduliću u Dubrovniku, došlo je do velikih tenzija između Hrvata i Srba. U Dubrovnik su stigli mnogi hrvatski uglednici, političari i umjetnici, a svečanost je, skandiranjem Hrvatska, prerasla u izraz Hrvata južne Dalmacije, suprotno želji Srba i nekolicine Dubrovčana, pristalica srpske ideje, poput srpske Katolik Medo Pucic. Dolaskom tzv Politika novog kursa se okreće hrvatsko-srpskoj saradnji, što je potvrđeno Zadarskom rezolucijom iz 1904. Frano Supilo je 25. februara 1907. preneo reči dr. Lovre Montija o opštoj hrvatsko-srpskoj saradnji: „Sa Srbima možemo mnogo, bez Srba malo, a protiv Srba ništa." Godine 1905. za guvernera je prvi put imenovan Dalmatinac Niko Nardelli. Zbog nezadovoljstva djelovanjem Hrvatske stranke (nastale 1905. ujedinjenjem HNS-a i Stranke prava) u Dubrovniku je 1908. osnovana Samostalna organizacija Hrvatske stranke u Dalmaciji na čelu s Perom Čingrijom, a Dalmat. Stranka prava je obnovljena. Godine 1912. talijanski je konačno iskorijenjen u uredima i sudovima, kojih su se službenici držali. Međutim, u službenoj korespondenciji vlasti, kao i na kartama, na primjer, austrijska uprava koristila je prvo talijanske, a zatim i njemačke nazive mjesta i lokaliteta. Tako se Biograd zvao Zara Vecchia i sl.[[Datoteka:23._landwehr_pukovnija,_Zadar,_vježba.jpg|mini|23. c. i kr. domobranska zadarska pukovnija na vježbalištu]] [[Datoteka:37._dom._puk._za_pale_vojnike.png|mini|37. dom. puk. za pale vojnike medalja]] [[Datoteka:Smserzherzogfriedrich.jpg|mini|Smserzherzogfriedrich]] ====Prvi svjetski rat==== Odmah po izbijanju rata zabranjene su sve organizacije i udruženja za koje je vlast smatrala da se zalažu za Srbiju ili južnoslovensku ideju. Mnogi istaknuti političari bili su proganjani i hapšeni, a neki su emigrirali. Do 1915. godine i iznenadnog prijelaza Italije u Antantu na Jadranu nije bilo ratnih dešavanja, ali su od tada česti pomorski sukobi. Zbog savezničke blokade Otranta trgovina je potpuno stala. Vlasti su rekvirirale mnoge brodove za vojnu upotrebu, a putnička plovidba je bila gotovo potpuno obustavljena. Pomračenja su naređena i na ostrvima iu lukama zbog straha od bombardovanja, a crkvena zvona su uklonjena kako bi se metal koristio u ratne svrhe. Borbe su se vodile i oko Lastova i udaljenijih ostrva, gdje su pojačane posade i postavljeni bataljoni. 1917. godine, Lastovo je bombardovalo francusko ratno zrakoplovstvo. U Dalmaciji se počela osjećati glad i oskudica, dok su u isto vrijeme mađarski zakoni zabranjivali izvoz namirnica u austrijsku polovicu Monarhije (kojoj je pripadala Dalmacija) u slučaju rata. Dalmacija je dobivala pomoć u hrani preko luke Trst, ali je ta pomoć bila nedovoljna, ponekad potpuno neupotrebljiva i često kasnila. Pošiljku za 1917. Dalmatinci su primili u veljači 1918. Franjevci su, zajedno sa zagrebačkim dobrotvorima, organizirali akciju slanja djece po hranu u Slavoniju i Moslavinu, u bogatije krajeve. Rat je uništio dalmatinsku poljoprivredu, a na kraju rata izbile su epidemije tifusa, kolere, velikih boginja i španjolske gripe koje su ubile mnoge ljude. Godine 1915. Hrvati su činili 34% austrougarske mornarice. Osim u mornarici, Dalmatinci su se borili i u kopnenim snagama: popunili su 22.st. i kr. puk, Zadar 23. c. i kr. Domobranska pukovnija, Dubrovnik 37. st. i kr. domobranske pukovnije i elitne postrojbe Dalmatinskih kopnenih strijelaca. Nakon italijanske objave rata, uglavnom su korišteni na talijanskom ratištu zbog očekivanog motiva obrane domovine. Kako je rat odmicao, bilo je slučajeva prebjega iz dalmatinske luke na drugu stranu, a februara 1918. izbila je pobuna mornara u Boki Kotorskoj. Godine 1917. predstavnici Dalmacije u Carskom vijeću, predvođeni Vjekoslavom Spinčićem, Josipom Smodlakom i Ivom Prodanom, donijeli su Majsku deklaraciju, zalažući se za južnoslavensku državu u sastavu Austro-Ugarske. Krajem rata osnovano je Narodno vijeće za Dalmaciju u Zadru i jedinstvena Narodna organizacija za Dalmaciju u Splitu. Ova tijela su ubrzo preuzela vlast od zemaljske vlade i Dalmatinskog sabora. U posljednjim danima Monarhije, general Stjepan Sarkotić, komandant i šef države BiH, uspio je pridobiti mađarskog premijera Wekerlea i cara Karla I da spoje Dalmaciju sa Hrvatskom, ali to se nije dogodilo sve dok se država raspala. Prilikom raspada Austro-Ugarske, 29. oktobra 1918. godine, Hrvatski sabor je donio odluku o prekidu državnopravnih veza s Bečom i Peštom i priključenju Hrvatske, Slavonije i Dalmacije sa Rijekom Državi SHS. U Splitu je 2. novembra osnovana Zemaljska vlada za Dalmaciju, na čelu s Ivom Krsteljem, koja će kao Vlada Pokrajine Dalmacije, u okviru Države SHS i Kraljevine SHS, djelovati do 1921. godine (od 20. siječnja 2014.). 1919. kao Zemaljska vlada za Dalmaciju).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.radio.cz/when-czech-mariners-sailed-seas-8563747|title=When Czech mariners sailed the seas|date=2011-05-10|website=Radio Prague International|language=en|access-date=2022-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Peričić|first=Šime|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=gR_tAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y|title=Gospodarska povijest Dalmacije od 18. do 20. stoljeća|date=1998|publisher=Matica hrvatska|isbn=978-953-6419-15-9|language=hr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Karaman|first=Igor|url=https://books.google.hr/books?id=weVNAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y|title=Hrvatska na pragu modernizacije, 1750-1918|date=2000|publisher=Naklada Ljevak|isbn=978-953-178-155-8|language=hr}}</ref> == Stanovništvo == {| class="wikitable" |+Izvor:<ref name="Peričić1998">{{cite book|author=Šime Peričić|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=gR_tAAAAMAAJ|title=Gospodarska povijest Dalmacije od 18. do 20. stoljeća|publisher=Matica hrvatska|year=1998|page=98}}</ref><ref name="Karaman-151">{{cite book|author=Igor Karaman|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=weVNAAAAMAAJ|title=Hrvatska na pragu modernizacije, 1750-1918|publisher=Naklada Ljevak|year=2000|isbn=978-953-178-155-8|page=151}}</ref> !1857.<ref>Statistische übersichten über die bevölkerung und den viehstand von Österreich nach der zählung vom 31. october 1857, page 49</ref><ref>[[Kraljevina Dalmacija#refmacan|Macan]], 291.</ref> !1850. !1840. !1830. !1825. !1818. !1809.<ref>[http://www.zeno.org/nid/20000788872 Dalmatien], Brockhaus Conversations-Lexikon Bd. 7. Amsterdam 1809, S. 256-257.</ref> |- |415.628 |393.715 |390.381 |338.599 |326.739 |297.912 |329.000 |} Između popisa 1890. i 1900. broj stanovnika narastao je za 1,8%, na 593,784 stanovnika, iako se između 1880. i 1913. iz Dalmacije iselilo oko 100.000 ljudi.<ref>[[Kraljevina Dalmacija#refbilandzic|Bilandžić]], 291.</ref> [[1870.]] Zadar je s 20.840 stanovnika na širem području bio drugi najveći grad na području današnje Hrvatske, veći i od Zagreba, Rijeke i Osijeka.<ref>[[Kraljevina Dalmacija#refstipetic|Stipetić, 153.]]</ref> 1900. najveći gradovi su bili Zadar s 13.016, Split s 18.547, Šibenik s 10.072 i Dubrovnik s 8.437 stanovnika.<ref>Gemeindelexikon der im Reichsrate vertretenen Königreiche und Länder, Bd. 14 Dalmatien</ref> 1900. na 1000 muškaraca dolazile su 964 žene. === Nacionalni sastav === [[Cislajtanija|Austrijski]] popisi u Kraljevini Dalmaciji u pravilu su iskazivali jezičnu (i vjersku) pripadnost umjesto nacionalne. Tako su [[Hrvati]] i [[Srbi]] u većini popisa bili smješteni u istu kategoriju. Budući da su zajedno činili ogromnu većinu - u pravilu iznad 95% - te s obzirom na to da su se Hrvati uglavnom poklapali s kategorijom Dalmatinaca koji su se izjašnjavali kao katolici, a Srbi onih koji su se izjašnjavali kao pravoslavci, moguće je prilično precizno odrediti njihov stvarni brojčani odnos.<ref name="Dalmatia-1910" /> Tako se smatra da je u Dalmaciji 1900. živjelo 475.000 Hrvata (80%) i 95.000 Srba (16%).<ref name="Dalmatia-1910" /> Udio dalmatinskih Srba uglavnom se kretao oko 19.9% u razdoblju 1830–1850.<ref name="Manini2001" /> [[Srbi u Hrvatskoj|Srbi]] su uglavnom živjeli u zaleđu, u okolici [[Knin|Knina]], Benkovca i u [[Bukovica|Bukovici]]. Talijanska manjina živjela je u većim gradovima i na otocima. Tako su u gradovima stanovništvo činili 71% Hrvati, 22% Talijani i 7% Srbi.<ref name="Manini2001" /> Samo je u Kotoru postojala veća urbana zajednica Srba (745), dok ih je u ostalim gradovima uglavnom bilo manje od 400.<ref name="Manini2001" /> Nijemci su uglavnom bili časnici i činovnici doseljeni iz Austrije ili drugih zemalja Monarhije - tako je austrijski skladatelj Franz von Suppè rođen 1819. u Splitu, dok je slavni pomorski časnik Georg von Trapp službovao u Zadru i Visu. {| class="wikitable" ! !1910.<ref name="omm1910.hu">{{Citiranje časopisa|title=Spezialortsrepertorium der österreichischen Länder I-XII, Wien, 1915–1919|url=http://www.omm1910.hu/?%2Fde%2Fdatenbank|journal=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529164005/http://www.omm1910.hu/?%2Fde%2Fdatenbank|archive-date=29. svibnja 2013.|access-date=12. siječnja 2022.|url-status=dead}}</ref> !1900.<ref name="Dalmatia-1910">[http://books.google.hr/books?id=jLfX1q3kJzgC&pg=PA343 Piotr Eberhardt: Ethnic Groups and Population Changes in Twentieth-century Central-Eastern Europe: History, Data, and Analysis, 2003., str. 343.]</ref> !1890. !1880.<ref>{{sr}} Istorija Jugoslavije; I. Božić, S. Ćirković, M. Ekmečić, V. Dedijer, Prosveta, Beograd 1972., str. 289.</ref> !1869. !1857.<ref name="Manini2001">{{cite book|author=Marino Manini|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=C7M4AAAAMAAJ|title=Zbornik radova s Međunarodnog znanstvenog skupa Talijankska uprava na hrvatskom prostoru i egzodus Hrvata 1918-1943|publisher=Hrvatski institut za povijest|year=2001|page=312}}</ref> !1851.<ref>[[:en:File:Ethnographic_map_of_austrian_monarchy_czoernig_1855.jpg|Etnographic map of the Austrian Monarchy from 1855, made by Karl Freiherrn von Czoernig]]</ref> |- |Hrvati | colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;" |96,2% (610.649) | colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;" |95,2% (565.300) | |77,8% (371.565) | colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;" |83,8% (384.180) |318.500 (76,5%) | colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;" |96,2% (378.676) |- |Srbi | |16,5% (78.714) |77.500 (18,5%) |- |Talijani |2,8% (18.028) |2,6% (15.279) | |5,7% (27.305) |12% (55.020) |20.000 (5%) |3,5% (13.701) |- |Nijemci |0,5% (3.081) |0,4% (2.306) | |/ |/ |/ |- |Ostali |0,5% (3.077) |1,8% (10.900) | |/ |/ | |Albanci (944) Židovi (394) |} === Vjerski sastav === [[Datoteka:Makarska_Cathedral_Square_Dalmatia_Austro-Hungary.jpg|desno|250x250piksel|Makarska katedrala]] 1828. na poticaj cara [[Franjo II., car Svetog Rimskog Carstva|Franje II]], a u svrhu bolje integracije Kraljevine, papa [[Lav XII.]] bulom ''Locum Beati Petri'' izvršio je reorganizaciju Katoličke crkve u Dalmaciji, ukidajući ili pripajajući biskupije, poput Trogirske, Makarske, Skradinske i sl.<ref>[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/95497 Državna uprava u Dalmaciji i crkveni preustroj 1828./1830. godine]</ref> Katolička crkva bila je od 1828. organizirana u Zadarsku nadbiskupiju i njoj podređene Splitsko-makarsku, Hvarsku, Šibensku, Dubrovačku i Kotorsku biskupiju. Pravoslavnom crkvom u Dalmaciji upravljao je episkop u Zadru. 1820-ih godina javila se namjera vlasti i dijela pravoslavnog svećenstva za unijom s Katoličkom crkvom, što je velika većina pravoslavnih vjernika odlučno odbacila, pa čak i nasiljem prema unijatima.<ref>[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/60819 Ivan Pederin: Odnos bečkoga dvora prema crkvenoj uniji u Dalmaciji dvadesetih godina 19. stoljeća]</ref> [[Grkokatolici u Dalmaciji|Grkokatolici]] su se zadržali u svega nekoliko sela u Dalmatinskoj zagori. 1857. među pravoslavnim vjernicima bio je jedan svećenik na 400 vjernika, a kod katolika na 330.<ref name="Manini2001" /> Katolički svećenici su u prosjeku bili obrazovaniji od pravoslavnih.<ref name="Manini2001" /> {| class="wikitable" ! !1910.<ref name="omm1910.hu" /> !1900.<ref>[http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/FHSS/id/32528 Gemeindelexikon der im Reichsrate vertretenen Königreiche und Länder, Bd. 14 Dalmatien] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313042436/http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/FHSS/id/32528|date=13 ožujka 2012}}</ref> !1890. !1880. !1869. |- |[[rimokatolici]] |83,5% (539.057) |83,7% (496.966) | | | |- |[[pravoslavni]] |16,3% (105,332) |16,2% (96.279) | | | |- |ostali |0,2% (1,257) |0,1% (539) | | | |} == Upravna podjela == [[Datoteka:Spalato_from_the_east_Dalmatia_Austro-Hungary.jpg|desno|250x250piksel|Split na prijelazu stoljeća]] Područje Kraljevine Dalmacije bilo je više puta podijeljeno na manje jedinice: od 1822. do 1868. postojala su 4 okruga ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''capitanati circolari'') sa sjedištima u Zadru, Splitu, Dubrovniku i Kotoru; svaki okrug je bio podijeljen na nekoliko kotara (tzv. preture, [[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''preture''): 4 političke preture ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''preture politiche'') u sjedištima okruga i 23 političko-sudske preture s upravnim i sudskim ovlastima ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''preture politico-giudiziarie''); općine ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''comuni'') su bile jedinice lokalne uprave koje su u sjedištima okruga i pretura imale općinsko vijeće ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''consiglio comunale''), načelnika ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''podestà'') i prisjednike ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''assessori''); dok su ostale imale samo načelnika - sindaka ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''sindaco'') i zamjenika ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''vicesindaco''). Sve općinske vijećnike, načelnike i prisjednike imenovala je vlada u Zadru ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''Imperial Regio Governo della Dalmazia'', od 1852. ''Imperial Regia Luogotenenza della Dalmazia'') ili (za važnije općine) središnja vlada u Beču. 1868. ova podjela je ukinuta (u skladu s "Prosinačkim zakonima" za austrijske zemlje Austro-Ugarske sudstvo je u svim stupnjevima odijeljeno od uprave) te se područje Kraljevine Dalmacije dijelilo na 12 kotara ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''distretti politici'' ili ''capitanati distrettuali'') koji su obuhvaćali nekoliko sudskih kotareva ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''distretti giudiziari''), a ovi općine ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''comuni''). Od 1864. općine su samoupravne jedinice lokalne uprave - "političke općine" ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''comuni politici'') s općinskim vijećem ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''consiglio comunale'') kojeg su birali glasači s aktivnim izbornim pravom, te načelnikom ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''podestà'') i prisjednicima ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''assessori'') koje su birala općinska vijeća. Selima je na čelu bio glavar ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''capovilla'') s pomoćnikom ([[Talijanski jezik|tal.]] ''aggiunto'') imenovanim od strane općinskih vijeća. 1890. bilo je 81 općina s 841 naseljem.<ref name="Meyers19052">[http://www.zeno.org/Meyers-1905/A/Dalmat%C4%ADen Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Band 4. Leipzig 1906, S. 428-430, s.v. ''Dalmatien'']</ref> Konačna upravna podjela bila je na 13 kotara (''distretti politici'' ili ''capitanati distrettuali''); jedno vrijeme bilo je 14 kotara (uz dolje navedene, i [[Brački kotar|Brač]]).<ref name="Bralić-732">Ante Bralić: [http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/29748 Zadarski fin-de siècle – Političke i društvene prilike u Zadru i Dalmaciji], ''[[Časopis za suvremenu povijest]]'', br. 3./2007., str. 732.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+Kotari <small>(podaci iz 1900.)</small><ref name="Meyers19052" /> !Kotari !km² !stanovnika |- |[[Benkovački kotar]] |1581 |38.481 |- |[[Kotorski kotar]] |674 |37.096 |- |[[Korčulanski kotar]] |590 |27.352 |- |[[Imotski kotar]] |646 |36.737 |- |[[Kninski kotar]] |1408 |51.608 |- |[[Hvarski kotar]] |413 |28.005 |- |[[Makarski kotar]] |538 |25.588 |- |[[Metkovski kotar]] |384 |14.160 |- |[[Dubrovački kotar]] |778 |40.939 |- |[[Šibenski kotar]] |962 |51.293 |- |[[Sinjski kotar]] |1336 |52.516 |- |[[Splitski kotar]] |1889 |114.687 |- |[[Zadarski kotar]] |1636 |75.322 |} == Gospodarstvo == [[Datoteka:Zara_Erbe_Square_Dalmatia_Austro-Hungary.jpg|lijevo|250x250piksel|Zadarska tržnica na prijelazu stoljeća]] Iako je 1870. imala veći BDP po stanovniku od Hrvatske i Slavonije,<ref>[[Kraljevina Dalmacija#refstipetic|Stipetić, 53.]]</ref> ubrzo ju je i ona pristigla, tako da je Dalmacija do austro-ugarskog zasposjedanja Bosne i Hercegovine 1878. bila najnerazvijenija i najsiromašnija zemlja Austro-Ugarske. Zemaljska uprava Dalmacije imala je svake godine velik deficit, koji je nadoplaćivala vlada u Beču. 1890. čak 86,12% stanovništva živjelo je od poljoprivrede, a tek 4,39% od industrije, rudarstva ili obrta.<ref>[[Kraljevina Dalmacija#refbilandzic|Bilandžić]], 21.</ref> U godinama prije Prvog svjetskog rata, Dalmacija je godišnje proizvodila žitarica dovoljno tek za dva do tri mjeseca prehrane vlastitog stanovništva. Gospodarstvo se temeljilo na maslinama, vinovoj lozi, ribarstvu i trgovini s Italijom i Bosnom i Hercegovinom. Nakon epidemija bolesti vinove loze, pepelnice (''lug'') 1850-ih i filoksere (žilogriza) 1868. koje su gotovo uništile nasade vinove loze u Francuskoj i ostatku Europe, procvao je izvoz dalmatinskih vina. Cijena vina je skočila s 4-5 forinta po barilu na čak 20., što je rezultiralo kratkotrajnim razdobljem gospodarskog blagostanja. Krčili su se maslinici da bi se zasadili vinogradi. No, pojava [[Peronospora|peronospore]] 1886. ostavila je teške posljedice za dalmatinsku poljoprivredu, ovisnu o vinu, tako da se dogodio veliki val iseljavanja. Još jedan značajan udarac dalmatinskom gospodarstvu bio je trgovinski ugovor Austro-Ugarske s [[Kraljevina Italija|Italijom]] [[1892.]] Tzv. ''vinskom klauzulom'' tog ugovora Italiji su odobrene velike povlastice za izvoz vina iz sjeverne Italije u Monarhiju, a sva kontrola izvoza prepuštena je Italiji. 1900. Dalmacija je proizvodila 1,155.800 hektolitara vina. Iste godine u Dalmaciji je zabilježeno 1.958 ribarskih brodova, a 1911. 33.460 hektara pod maslinama. Obrt i industrija u Dalmaciji rasli su izuzetno sporo. Manje manufakture, poput solana u Pagu, Rabu, Ninu i Stonu (696 vagona 1900.), proizvodnje nadaleko poznatog likera maraskina u Zadru ili uljara i mlinova, zapošljavale su većinu obrtnika. Industrija se svodila na konzerviranje ribe, brodogradnju te manje pogone za proizvodnju sapuna i cigle. Uoči Prvog svjetskog rata u Dalmaciji su radile 32 tvornice za preradu ribe, od čega čak 9 na otoku [[Vis|Visu]]. Prva tvornica [[Cement|cementa]] otvorena je u Splitu 1865., a između 1908. i 1912. otvorene su još tri u [[Kaštela|Kaštelima]] i [[Solin|Solinu]] zbog kvalitete i dostupnosti sirovine (lapora).<ref>{{Citiranje časopisa|title=cemex, povijest|url=http://www.cemex.hr/cx/cx_re_po.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140917192634/http://www.cemex.hr/cx/cx_re_po.asp|archive-date=17. rujna 2014.|access-date=24. lipnja 2013.}}</ref> Rudnici [[Ugljen|ugljena]] u [[Siverić|Siveriću]] eksploatirani su još od 1834., no pravi zamah rudarstva dogodio se 1873., kada ga kupuje društvo ''Monte Promina'' iz [[Torino|Torina]]. 1895. Šibenik je postao drugi grad u svijetu s električnom rasvjetom, jer je sagrađena HE Jaruga na rijeci Krki.<ref>[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/74558‎ M. Blažević, Šibensko gospodarstvo od sredine 19. stoljeća do 1921. Rad. Zavoda povij. znan. HAZU Zadru, sv. 51/2009., str. 161–201.]{{Neaktivna poveznica|bot=InternetArchiveBot}}</ref> 1912. proradila je i HE Kraljevac na Cetini. Iz tog razdoblja važna gospodarska društva u Kraljevini Dalmaciji su: Prva pučka dalmatinska banka (1871.), Pelješko pomorsko društvo u Orebiću (1865.), Dubrovačko pomorsko društvo (1869.), Zemljišno-vjeresijski zavod Kraljevine Dalmacije (po uzoru na Istarski hipotekarni zavod, vidi i Zakon o ustanovljenju zemljišnika u Kraljevini Dalmaciji).<ref name="Perić">Ivo Perić: [http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/86653 Ustrojstvo i poslovanje dalmatinskog zemljišno-vjeresijskog zavoda (1898—1924)], RADOVI Zavoda za hrvatsku povijest Filozofskog fakulteta, str. 46., 47., 50., 51.</ref> Izaslanik bečkog Ministarstva trgovine Leopold Stockhammer ustvrdio je nakon boravka u Dalmaciji 1875. u izvješću da su u Dalmaciji evidentni »pomanjkanje kapitala« i »pomanjkanje kreditnih ustanova«.<ref name="Perić" /> === Promet === [[Datoteka:Liniennetz_Dalmatia.jpg|desno|200x200piksel|Prikaz linija austrijskog brodarskog društva "Dalmacija" [[1900.]] Društvo je promoviralo i dalmatinski turizam.]] Glavna veza Dalmacije s ostatkom svijeta, ali i [[Austro-Ugarska|Austro-Ugarske]], bio je [[Trst]]. I roba i putnici u Dalmaciju su pristizali uglavnom preko Trsta, a nešto rjeđe preko [[Rijeka|Rijeke]]. Dalmacija je tradicionalno imala živu trgovinu s [[Bosna i Hercegovina u Austro-Ugarskoj|Bosnom i Hercegovinom]], pogotovo nakon [[1878.]] i uključenja BiH u Austro-Ugarsku. Preko dalmatinskih luka izvozili su se domaći proizvodi kao i roba iz BiH. Ali, izvoz iz BiH i uvoz roba u BiH (nakon zaposjedanja 1878.) nije išao prometnim pravcima koji je odgovarao hrvatskim krajevima. Išao je prometnim smjerovima koji su povezivali BiH s trgovinskim centrima u Mađarskoj i Austriji, čime je dokrajčena višestoljetna karavanska trgovina na relacijama Bosna—Šibenik, Bosna—Split i Hercegovina—Dubrovnik.<ref name="Perić" /> Međutim, planirani željeznički spojevi s BiH nisu ostvareni do raspada države, a ceste su bile izuzetno loše. Unatoč velikom potencijalu, [[Cislajtanija|Austrija]] je malo marila za dalmatinske luke, jer je razvijala [[Trst]] kao svoju glavnu luku. 1860-ih i 1870-ih zbog konjukture prekooceanske trgovine dolazi do procvata [[Jedrenjak|jedrenjaštva]], posebno na otocima, u Boki i u Dubrovniku.<ref name="Macan, 292">[[Kraljevina Dalmacija#refmacan|Macan]], 292.</ref> No, brodari su ubrzo propali, jer nisu bili spremni za natjecanje s parobrodarskom konkurencijom, a nisu imali dovoljno kapitala niti su bili poduprti od strane države. Najveće parobrodarske kompanije bile su "Dalmacija" i "Dubrovačka parobrodarska plovidba".<ref name="Macan, 292" /> Dužobalna plovidba ostala je značajna poveznica dalmatinskih luka i otoka. Trgovačka mornarica brojila je 1900. 7.832 broda nosivosti 42.109 tona s posadom od 19.330 ljudi. Iste godine u lukama su zabilježena 50.366 teretna broda sa 7,320,341 tona. Propašću jedrenjaka, propadalo je domaće pomorstvo, nekad važan izvor domaćeg kapitala, i brodogradnja.<ref name="Perić" /> Cestovni pravci iz sjeverne Hrvatske prema Dalmaciji bili su izuzetno loši. Glavni pravac u početku je bio na [[Senj]], pa potom uzduž obale do [[Novigrad (Zadarska županija)|Novigrada]] i Zadra. U listopadu 1832. bojnik Josip Kajetan Knežić, vojni graditelj u Dalmaciji i Hrvatskom primorju, sagradio je cestu preko [[Velebit|Velebita]] s prijevojem preko Malog Alana, kojim je značajno skraćen put, a Dalmacija konačno dobila moderniju vezu sa sjeverom. Na poticaj uprave rudnika Siverić, željeznička [[pruga]] ("dalmatinska željeznica" koja je imala povezati Split i Šibenik s unutrašnjošću Monarhije preko Bosne ili Like<ref name="Perić" />) Split – Siverić i [[Siverić]] – [[Perković]] – [[Šibenik]] službeno je otvorena [[1877.]] godine. Dionica Siverić – Knin otvorena je 1888. Danas napuštena uskotračna željeznička pruga Split – Sinj, popularna ''Sinjska rera'', puštena je u pogon 1903. 1901. otvorena je i željeznička pruga Gabela – Zelenika‎, uskotračna željeznica iz BiH preko Dubrovnika do Boke kotorske. No, luke u Dalmaciji nisu dobile željeznički spoj s BiH i Hrvatskom sve do 1925. i dovršetka gradnje Ličke pruge. Namjesnici su bili: * Thomas Brady (1797. – 1798.), 1804. – 1806. za Boku kotorsku * Franjo Tomašić (1815. – 1831.) * Wenzeslaus Lilienberg Water (1831. – 1841.) * Ivan August Turszky (1841. – 1848.) * Franz Ludwig von Welden (1848.) * Josip Jelačić (1848. – 1859.) * Lazar Mamula (1859. – 1865.) * Franjo Filipović (1865. – 1868.) * Johann Wagner (1868. – 1869.) * Gottfried Auersperg (1869.) * Julius Fluk von Leidenkron (1869. – 1870.) * Gabrijel Rodić (1870. – 1881.) * Stjepan Jovanović (1882. – 1885.) * Ludovik Cornaro (1885. – 1886.) * Dragutin Blažeković (1886. – 1890.) * Emil David von Rhonfeld (1890. – 1902.) * Erasmus Handel (1902. – 1905.) * Niko Nardelli (1905. – 1911.) * Mario Attems (1911. – 1918.) == Vidi još == * [[Trojedna kraljevina Hrvatska, Slavonija i Dalmacija|Trojedna Kraljevina Hrvatska, Slavonija i Dalmacija]] * [[Povijest Dalmacije]] * Talijanska okupacija Dalmacije 1918. – 1921. == Reference == <references /> == Literatura == * [https://books.google.de/books/about/Hrvatska_moderna_povijest.html?id=-WZsQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y&hl=hr Bilandžić, Dušan. 1999]. * [https://books.google.de/books/about/Povijest_hrvatskoga_naroda.html?id=zE6CQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y Macan, Trpimir. 1992.] * [[:hr:Međunarodni_standardni_knjižni_broj|Stipetić, Vladimir. 2012.]] * Franko Mirošević: Prilozi za povijest Dalmacije u 1918. godini == Vanjske poveznice == * [https://deutsche-schutzgebiete.de/wordpress/projekte/oesterreich-ungarn/oesterreich/dalmatien/ Dalmacija u Austro-Ugarskoj monarhiji] * [http://zeljko-heimer-fame.from.hr/hrvat/hr-ship1.html#hr~ams Zastave dalmatinskih brodarskih kompanija do 1918.] * [http://povijest.net/2018/ Hrvatski narodni preporod u Dalmaciji i Istri, Hrvoje Petrić, povijest.net] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OwTZX-YbBtg& "Šibenska luka", videozapis Šibenika 1904., Frank Mottershow] [[Kategorija:Kraljevina Dalmacija]] [[Kategorija:Države i teritorije osnovane 1815.]] [[Kategorija:Historija Dalmacije]] [[Kategorija:Krunske zemlje u Austrijskom Carstvu (1867–1918)]] [[Kategorija:Države i teritorije prestale sa postojanjem 1915.]] fhij83uv8ljdvf3k6sc5jwgsmy9ptvu 0 490558 3427000 3410676 2022-08-02T03:11:35Z JulleTwo 140270 Dodat pasus reference wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija softver | naslov = MonadPlug | autor = MonetizeAd | status = Aktivna | veb-sajt = www.monadplug.com | operativni_sistem = Windows | žanr = Monetization Platform | jezici = Engleski }} '''MonadPlug''' je sistem za dodatnu monetizaciju internet saobraćaja razvijen pod krovom agencije za digitalni marketing [[MonetizeAd]] iz [[Sarajevo|Sarajeva]]. Putem MonadPlug-a korisnici ostvaruju mogućnost da dodatno profitiraju od svog internet saobraćaja putem Web Push obavještenja, izvornih reklama i velikog broja inovativnih metoda<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://avaz.ba/vijesti/biznis/706685/mlada-marketinska-kompanija-monetize-ad-predstavila-brilijantne-rezultate-u-protekloj-godini|title=Mlada marketinška kompanija Monetize Ad predstavila brilijantne rezultate u protekloj godini|date=2021-12-30|website=Avaz.ba|language=hr|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tuzlanski.ba/ekonomija/pozitivan-primjer-u-vremenu-pandemije-koronavirusa-kompanija-monetize-ad-ucetvorostrucila-prihode/|title=Tuzlanski.ba|last=http://tuzlanski.ba|date=2020-09-22|website=Tuzlanski.ba|language=bs-BA|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monadplug.com/|title=Zvanična web stranica}}</ref> == Kreacija == MonadPlug je kreiran 2015. godine sa namjerno prilagođenim pristupom za proširenje brenda, monetizacijom prometa, povećanjem prometa, pozitivnim iskustvima klijenata i još mnogo drugih beneficija. U svom repertoaru, MonadPlug nudi nekoliko preoblikovanih prilika za monetizaciju i softverima, ekstenzijama za preglednik i mobilnim aplikacijama. Također, oglasni servisi i oglašivači imaju priliku da putem MonadPlug platforme plasiraju svoj materijal u eter<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://avaz.ba/vijesti/biznis/706685/mlada-marketinska-kompanija-monetize-ad-predstavila-brilijantne-rezultate-u-protekloj-godini|title=Mlada marketinška kompanija Monetize Ad predstavila brilijantne rezultate u protekloj godini|date=2021-12-30|website=Avaz.ba|language=hr|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ucompares.com/monadplug-review/|title=MonadPlug Review (2022) - Best Ad Network For Publishers?|date=2022-01-20|website=uCompares.com|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-22}}</ref> == Metode monetizacije == Unutar MonadPlug sistema, osim monetizacije web stranica putem Push notifikacija, Native oglasa, Widgeta ili Quick Linkova. korisnici mogu monetizovati svoje mobilne aplikacije ili igrice, te čak i ekstenzije za preglednike. Servisi za isplatu koje MonadPlug nudi su Paypal, Payoneer, te mogućnost direktnog transfera.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adswikia.com/monadplug/|title=MonadPlug Review - CPC Advertising Network {{!}} ADSWikia|last=says|first=MonadPlug Scam|date=2021-02-02|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ucompares.com/monadplug-review/|title=MonadPlug Review (2022) - Best Ad Network For Publishers?|date=2022-01-20|website=uCompares.com|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref> == Reference == he24a7zgfcj4fehze1s5oz56qpxfdaf 3427002 3427000 2022-08-02T03:20:37Z JulleTwo 140270 Dodane kategorije wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija softver | naslov = MonadPlug | autor = MonetizeAd | status = Aktivna | veb-sajt = www.monadplug.com | operativni_sistem = Windows | žanr = Monetization Platform | jezici = Engleski }} '''MonadPlug''' je sistem za dodatnu monetizaciju internet saobraćaja razvijen pod krovom agencije za digitalni marketing [[MonetizeAd]] iz [[Sarajevo|Sarajeva]]. Putem MonadPlug-a korisnici ostvaruju mogućnost da dodatno profitiraju od svog internet saobraćaja putem Web Push obavještenja, izvornih reklama i velikog broja inovativnih metoda<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://avaz.ba/vijesti/biznis/706685/mlada-marketinska-kompanija-monetize-ad-predstavila-brilijantne-rezultate-u-protekloj-godini|title=Mlada marketinška kompanija Monetize Ad predstavila brilijantne rezultate u protekloj godini|date=2021-12-30|website=Avaz.ba|language=hr|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tuzlanski.ba/ekonomija/pozitivan-primjer-u-vremenu-pandemije-koronavirusa-kompanija-monetize-ad-ucetvorostrucila-prihode/|title=Tuzlanski.ba|last=http://tuzlanski.ba|date=2020-09-22|website=Tuzlanski.ba|language=bs-BA|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monadplug.com/|title=Zvanična web stranica}}</ref> == Kreacija == MonadPlug je kreiran 2015. godine sa namjerno prilagođenim pristupom za proširenje brenda, monetizacijom prometa, povećanjem prometa, pozitivnim iskustvima klijenata i još mnogo drugih beneficija. U svom repertoaru, MonadPlug nudi nekoliko preoblikovanih prilika za monetizaciju i softverima, ekstenzijama za preglednik i mobilnim aplikacijama. Također, oglasni servisi i oglašivači imaju priliku da putem MonadPlug platforme plasiraju svoj materijal u eter<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://avaz.ba/vijesti/biznis/706685/mlada-marketinska-kompanija-monetize-ad-predstavila-brilijantne-rezultate-u-protekloj-godini|title=Mlada marketinška kompanija Monetize Ad predstavila brilijantne rezultate u protekloj godini|date=2021-12-30|website=Avaz.ba|language=hr|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ucompares.com/monadplug-review/|title=MonadPlug Review (2022) - Best Ad Network For Publishers?|date=2022-01-20|website=uCompares.com|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-22}}</ref> == Metode monetizacije == Unutar MonadPlug sistema, osim monetizacije web stranica putem Push notifikacija, Native oglasa, Widgeta ili Quick Linkova. korisnici mogu monetizovati svoje mobilne aplikacije ili igrice, te čak i ekstenzije za preglednike. Servisi za isplatu koje MonadPlug nudi su Paypal, Payoneer, te mogućnost direktnog transfera.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adswikia.com/monadplug/|title=MonadPlug Review - CPC Advertising Network {{!}} ADSWikia|last=says|first=MonadPlug Scam|date=2021-02-02|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ucompares.com/monadplug-review/|title=MonadPlug Review (2022) - Best Ad Network For Publishers?|date=2022-01-20|website=uCompares.com|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref> == Reference == <references /> [[Kategorija:Sistemi za monetizaciju saobraćaja]] [[Kategorija:Softveri]] lgf2phl4ac1pl0ypmu7qzmakswqz8ln 3427003 3427002 2022-08-02T03:24:08Z JulleTwo 140270 Dodati sitni redirektovi wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija softver | naslov = MonadPlug | autor = MonetizeAd | status = Aktivna | veb-sajt = www.monadplug.com | operativni_sistem = Windows | žanr = Monetization Platform | jezici = Engleski }} '''MonadPlug''' je sistem za dodatnu monetizaciju internet saobraćaja razvijen pod krovom agencije za digitalni marketing [[MonetizeAd]] iz [[Sarajevo|Sarajeva]]. Putem MonadPlug-a korisnici ostvaruju mogućnost da dodatno profitiraju od svog [[internet]] saobraćaja putem web push obavještenja, izvornih reklama i velikog broja inovativnih metoda<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://avaz.ba/vijesti/biznis/706685/mlada-marketinska-kompanija-monetize-ad-predstavila-brilijantne-rezultate-u-protekloj-godini|title=Mlada marketinška kompanija Monetize Ad predstavila brilijantne rezultate u protekloj godini|date=2021-12-30|website=Avaz.ba|language=hr|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tuzlanski.ba/ekonomija/pozitivan-primjer-u-vremenu-pandemije-koronavirusa-kompanija-monetize-ad-ucetvorostrucila-prihode/|title=Tuzlanski.ba|last=http://tuzlanski.ba|date=2020-09-22|website=Tuzlanski.ba|language=bs-BA|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monadplug.com/|title=Zvanična web stranica}}</ref> == Kreacija == MonadPlug je kreiran 2015. godine sa namjerno prilagođenim pristupom za proširenje brenda, monetizacijom prometa, povećanjem prometa, pozitivnim iskustvima klijenata i još mnogo drugih beneficija. U svom repertoaru, MonadPlug nudi nekoliko preoblikovanih prilika za monetizaciju i softverima, ekstenzijama za preglednik i mobilnim aplikacijama. Također, oglasni servisi i oglašivači imaju priliku da putem MonadPlug platforme plasiraju svoj materijal u eter<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://avaz.ba/vijesti/biznis/706685/mlada-marketinska-kompanija-monetize-ad-predstavila-brilijantne-rezultate-u-protekloj-godini|title=Mlada marketinška kompanija Monetize Ad predstavila brilijantne rezultate u protekloj godini|date=2021-12-30|website=Avaz.ba|language=hr|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ucompares.com/monadplug-review/|title=MonadPlug Review (2022) - Best Ad Network For Publishers?|date=2022-01-20|website=uCompares.com|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-22}}</ref> == Metode monetizacije == Unutar MonadPlug sistema, osim monetizacije web stranica putem push notifikacija, native oglasa, widgeta ili quick linkova, korisnici mogu monetizovati svoje mobilne aplikacije ili igrice, te čak i ekstenzije za preglednike. Servisi za isplatu koje MonadPlug nudi su Paypal, Payoneer, te mogućnost direktnog transfera.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adswikia.com/monadplug/|title=MonadPlug Review - CPC Advertising Network {{!}} ADSWikia|last=says|first=MonadPlug Scam|date=2021-02-02|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ucompares.com/monadplug-review/|title=MonadPlug Review (2022) - Best Ad Network For Publishers?|date=2022-01-20|website=uCompares.com|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-23}}</ref> == Reference == <references /> [[Kategorija:Sistemi za monetizaciju saobraćaja]] [[Kategorija:Softveri]] 8hq2vjo7phgf92ymsd8k03dj3vhijrh 0 490763 3426933 3416380 2022-08-01T18:29:30Z 89.146.167.231 Excel wikitext text/x-wiki '''Finansijska matematika''' je primjenjena matematika čiji je predmet proučavanja složeni interes i njegova primjena uglavnom u ekonomiji, bankarstvu, osiguranju i drugim srodnim oblastima. Metode proučavanja su uglavnom matematičke, kao što su: analiza i sinteza; indukcija i dedukcija; implikacija i ekvivalencija; komparacija, modeliranje, eskontovanje i diskontovanje vremenskih tokova kapitala. Veličine uvedene u finansijsku matematiku su uglavnom povezane matematičkim relacijama i formulama. Izračunavanja, tabelarna i grafička predstavljanja u primjerima za današnje potrebe, izrađeni su primjenom Excela, u formi modela koji uključuju neograničeni broj kalkulacija sa iznosima ulaznih veličina. Iznose pomoćnih i izlaznih veličina Excel izvršava automatski. Kalkulacije služe za vježbu pri učenju gradiva, provjeravanje regularnosti modela i usavršavanje modela. Upotreba [[Microsoft Excel|Excel]]-a u izradi primjera i zadataka za vježbu izbacila je iz upotrebe finansijske, logaritamske i druge tablice kao zastario radni materijal. Izvršena je inovacija, aktuelizacija i racionalizacija dosadašnjeg računa srednjeg i zajedničkog roka odgođenih plaćanja primjenom konformne kamatne stope. Uvedene su formule za izračune interkalarnih kamata složenih i prostih kapitalizacija. Dokazano je da interkalarne kamate nisu kamate odgođene otplate zajmova. Dokazana je neregularnost dosadašnje formule kontinuiranog ukamaćivanja. '''Literatura''' * Alastair Day, Mastering Financial Mathematics in Microsoft Excel 2013 * Simon Benninga, Tal Mofkadi, Principles of Finance with Excel 3rd Edition * Klaus Renger, Finanzmathematik mit Excel * Delić Akif, Mešanović Salih, Privredna matematika I, „Off-set" Tuzla 2006. godine * Mešanović Salih, Delić Akif, Privredna matematika II, „Off-set" Tuzla 2006. godine * Mešanović Salih, Delić Akif, Finansijska matematika, „Off-set" Tuzla 2006. godine * Sead Rešić, Salih Mešanović, Uvod u finansijsku matematiku, „ Papir-Karton" Tuzla 2017. godine * Sead Rešić, Salih Mešanović, Husnija Bibuljica, Uvod u finansijsku matematiku - drugo dopunjeno izdanje, „ Papir-Karton" Tuzla 2018. godine ch7jjx72kmfxkmk7rahhdw9bphibdkx 0 492322 3426990 3424960 2022-08-01T23:50:47Z Amaar63 144256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infokutija vozač F1 | ime = Zhou Guanyu | slika = ZhouGuanyu-Shy.jpg | opis_slike = Zhou 2022. | datum_rođenja = {{Datum rođenja i godine|1999|05|30}} | mjesto_rođenja = [[Šangaj]], Kina | datum_smrti = <!-- {{Datum smrti i godine|sGGGG|sMM|sDD|rGGGG|rMM|rDD}} --> | mjesto_smrti = | nacionalnost = {{ZD|KIN}} [[Kinez]] | početak_karijere = | kraj_karijere = | timovi = | tim_2022 = [[Sauber Motorsport|Alfa Romeo Racing]] | broj_bolida = 24 | trke = 13 (13 početak) | prvenstva = 0 | pobjede = 0 | podiji = 0 | bodovi = 5 | prve_startne_pozicije = 0 | najbrži_krug = 0 | prva_trka = [[Velika nagrada Bahreina 2022.|VN Bahreina 2022.]] | prva_pobjeda = | posljednja_pobjeda = | posljednja_trka = [[Velika nagrada Mađarske 2022.|VN Mađarske 2022.]] | posljednja_sezona = | posljednja_pozicija = | aktualizirano = 01.08.2022 }} [[Datoteka:Guanyu Zhou ADAC Formel 4 2015 Spa.jpg|alt=|thumb|Zhou na gridu ADAC F4 utrke]]'''Zhou Guanyu''' (rođen 30. maja 1999) kineski je [[automobilizam|automobilski vozač]], koji se trenutno takmiči u [[Formula 1|Formuli 1]] za tim [[Sauber Motorsport|Alfa Romeo]]. On je prvi kineski vozač koji se natječe u Formuli 1. Natjecao se u [[Formula 2|FIA prvenstvu Formule 2]] za [[UNI-Virtuosi Racing]] od 2019. do 2021, a najbolji plasman u Formuli 2 je ostvario u njegovoj zadnjoj sezoni, kada je završio na trećem mjestu u šampionstvu. Bivši član [[Alpine Academy|Akademije Alpina]], služio je kao testni vozač za [[Renault F1|Renault F1 Team]] i [[Alpine F1|Alpine F1 Team]] 2020. i 2021. godine.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.chinese-youngster-guanyu-zhou-joins-renault-as-development-driver.2ICXOWBW0NZLtaYQTOzIKX.html|title=Chinese youngster Guanyu Zhou joins Renault as Development Driver|website=Formula 1|date=January 22, 2019|access-date=February 16, 2022}}</ref><ref name="Zhou_Renault_test_driver">{{Cite press release |url=https://media.group.renault.com/global/en-gb/renault/media/pressreleases/21239440/renault-f1-team-lance-officiellement-sa-saison-2020-1|title=Renault F1 Team officially launches its 2020 campaign |publisher=Renault |access-date=13 February 2020 |date=12 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |url=https://en.media.renaultgroup.com/news/alpine-f1-team-launches-2021-campaign-7ee2-989c5.html|title=Alpine F1 Team launches 2021 campaign|publisher=Renault |access-date=26 December 2021 |date=2 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/doohan-caldwell-added-to-alpine-f1-academy-line-up-for-2022/8161194/|title=Doohan, Caldwell added to Alpine F1 Academy line-up for 2022|website=Motorsport.com |access-date=15 February 2022 |date=14 February 2022}}</ref> Prije toga bio je član [[Ferrari Driver Academy|Ferrarijeve vozačke akademije]] od 2014. do 2018., a 2018. radio je kao razvojni vozač [[Formula E|Formule E]] tima [[DS Techeetah]]. == Karijera == === Karting === Zhou se krenuo trkati u [[karting|kartingu]] kad je imao osam godina u Kini, te se preselio u [[Sheffield]] 2012. radi boljih prilika u trkanju. Već sljedeće godine sa timom Strawberry Racing, osvojio je dvije titule prvaka u kategorijama Super 1 National Rotax Max Junior Championship i Rotax Max Euro Challenge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.driverdb.com/championships/standings/super-1-national-rotax-max-junior/2013/|title=Super 1 National Rotax Max Junior 2013 standings|website=www.driverdb.com|access-date=2021-05-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.driverdb.com/championships/standings/rotax-max-euro-challenge---junior/2013/|title=Rotax Max Euro Challenge - Junior 2013 standings|website=www.driverdb.com|access-date=2021-05-24}}</ref> U svojoj zadnjoj godini kartinga, Zhou je imao svoj prvi i zadnji nastup u [[Karting World Championship|Karting World Championshipu]], vozeći za tim Ricky Flynn Motorsport pored [[Lando Norris|Landa Norrisa]] i [[Jehan Daruvala|Jehan Daruvale]]. === Formula 4 === Zhou se pridružio timu Prema Powerteam za [[2015 Italian F4 Championship|Talijansko F4 Prvenstvo 2015]]. Nakon pobjeđivanja sve tri trke u 2. rundi na stazi u Monza i konstantno završavajući na podijumu, Zhou je završio sezonu kao viceprvak i najbolji početnik. Također se natjecao u rundama njemačkog ADAC F4 prvenstva, postigavši dva podijuma na stazama Spielberg i Spa. === Europska Formula 3 === ==== 2016 ==== Zhou se pridružio timu [[Motorpark Academy|Motorpark]] za FIA Europsko F3 Prvenstvo 2016. Nakon uspješnih uvodnih rundi sezone na stazama Paul Ricard i Hungaroringu završavajući na 2 podijum pozicije, Zhou je naišao na probleme u drugoj polovini sezone, te je završio svoju prvu F3 sezonu na 13. mjestu. ==== 2017 ==== Zhou je ostao drugu F3 sezonu, tako što se priključio timu Prema, isto tako je poboljšao svoje rezultate završavajući na 8. mjestu u šampionatu sa 5 podijuma. Najvažniji trenutci njegove sezone uključivali su vodstvo u trci na stazi Spa i zadržavanje [[Lando Norris|Landa Norrisa]] iza sebe u predzadnjem krugu. ==== 2018 ==== Nakon spekulacija o mogućem prelasku u F2, Zhou je ostao u timu Prema treću sezonu u F3. Nakon prve pobjede u karijeri na stazi Pau, podijuma u Hungaroringu i tri uzastopna podijuma u Zandvoortu, Zhou se našao na 2. mjestu u šampionstvu, samo bod iza svog timskog kolege Marcusa Armstronga. Uprkos jakim rezultatima u kvalifikacijama na stazama Spa i Silverstone, Zhou je pretrpio 4 uzastopna odustajanja uz niz sudara sa svojim timskim kolegama. Zhou je pobjedio svoju drugu F3 trku na stazi Hockenheim, završavajući 8. u šampionatu, sa 3 pol pozicije i 2 pobjede. === Formula 2 === ==== 2019 ==== [[Datoteka:FIA_F2_Austria_2019_Nr._7_Zhou.jpg|alt=|thumb|Zhou u Formuli 2 na stazi Spielberg]]U Decembru 2018, Zhou se priključio timu [[UNI-Virtuosi Racing]] pored [[Luca Ghiotto]] za FIA šampionat Formule 2 2019. Zhou je postigao svoj prvi podijum u F2 u Barceloni nakon dobrog rezultata u kvalifikacijama. Na stazi Silverstone, Zhou je postigao svoju prvu pol poziciju u F2, postajući prvi kineski vozač kojem je to uspjelo. Kasnije je Zhou također osvojio treće mjesto u sprint trci na stazi Paul Ricard. U Abu Dhabiju je takođe završio na trećem mjestu sa najbržim krugom u prvoj trci. Završio je 7. u šampionatu, a potom je dobio nagradu [[Anthoine Hubert]] kao najbolji početnik u toj sezoni. ==== 2020 ==== Zhou je ostao u timu UNI-Virtuosi za F2 sezonu 2020, pored člana [[Ferrari Driver Academy|Ferrari Driver Akademije]] [[Callum Illot|Calluma Illota]]. Zhou je uzeo svoju drugu pol poziciju u Formuli 2 na uvodnoj trci na stazi Red Bull Ringu. Međutim njegov bolid je imao problema sa elektronikom dok je vodio trku, te je pao na 17. mjesto u toj trci. Kasnije u toku godine, Zhou je pobjedio svoju prvu trku u F2 u Sochiju. Tokom sezone, Zhou je završio na šestom mjestu u prvenstvu sa 6 podijuma. ==== 2021 ==== Zhou je ušao u svoju treću F2 sezonu ostajući sa timom UNI-Virtuosi pored [[Felipe Drugovich|Felipe Drugovicha]]. Osvojio je pol poziciju u prvoj rundi u Bahreinu i pretvorio pol poziciju u pobjedu. Kineski vozač odnio je još jednu pobjedu u prvoj sprint trci u Monaku ispred svog timskog kolege Drugovicha. Međutim, nakon još jednog podijuma u Bakuu, Zhou je naišao na prve probleme u F2, završavajući četiri trke van bodova, što je omogućilo [[Oscar Piastri|Oscaru Piastriu]] da preuzme vodstvo u šampionatu. Zhou je uspio prekinuti svoju lošu sreću i probleme, tako što je odnio svoju treću pobjedu u sezoni u Britaniji. U sljedećoj rundi u Monzi, Zhou je uspio da završi dva puta na podijumu. Na nesreću kineskog vozača, zaustavio je njegov bolid nakon okretanja u Sochiu, nakon toga uspio je da završi trku samo na šestom mjestu. Sezonu je završio kao treći u prvenstvu, sa 4 pobjede, 1 pol pozicijom i 9 podijuma. === F3 Azijsko prvenstvo === Tokom zimske pauze prije početka sezone Formule 2 2021, Zhou je učestvovao u azijskom prvenstvu 2021 F3 vozeći za tim Abu Dhabi Racing by Prema. Osvojio je prvenstvo nakon što je postigao 4 pobjede, 5 pol pozicija i 11 podijuma u sezoni. === Formula 1 === Sredinom 2014, pridružio se [[Ferrari Driver Academy|Ferrari Driver Akademiji]] dok se još bavio kartingom. Ostao je u Ferrari Driver Akademiji do kraja 2018. Godine 2019. pridružio se [[Alpine Academy|Renault Sport Akademiji]] i služio kao razvojni vozač za [[Renault F1|Renault F1 Team]]. U 2020. godini Zhou je promovisan u test vozača za [[Renault F1|Renault F1 Team]]. Zhou je učestvovao u Virtualnoj Grand Prix seriji za Renault, FIA je pokrenula Esports seriju umjesto F1 Grand Prixa koji je odgođen ili otkazan zbog pandemije koronavirusa. On je, zajedno s Piastrijem i Lundgaardom, testirao [[Renault R.S.18]] na stazi u Bahreinu 2020. godine. ==== Alfa Romeo (2022-) ==== Zhou je potpisao ugovor sa [[Sauber Motorsport|Alfa Romeo]] timom za sezonu Formule 1 2022, u kojoj će biti partner sa [[Valtteri Bottas|Valterri Bottasom]], samim time postajući prvi kineski vozač Formule 1.<ref name="Zhou_first_Chinese_F1_full_time">{{Cite web |date=16 November 2021 |title=Alfa Romeo announce Guanyu Zhou as Valtteri Bottas's team mate for 2022 |url=https://www.formula1.com/en/latest/article.breaking-alfa-romeo-announce-guanyu-zhou-as-valtteri-bottass-team-mate-for.3FGtpRMOhG1qZ4Qinr8ky6.html |url-status=live |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=Formula 1 |language=en}}</ref> Zhou je odabrao broj 24 kao svoj trkački broj u čast svom sportskom heroju [[Kobe Bryant|Kobe Bryantu]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 December 2021|title=Zhou's '24' F1 race number inspired by Kobe Bryant|url=https://www.motorsportweek.com/2021/12/10/zhous-24-f1-race-number-inspired-by-kobe-bryant/|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-04|website=Motorsport Week}}</ref> Na svom debiju u Bahreinu, Zhou se kvalifikovao kao 15.,<ref>{{Cite web|date=19 March 2022|title=Bahrain GP: Leclerc beats Verstappen to first pole of F1 2022|url=https://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/bahrain-gp-leclerc-beats-verstappen-to-first-pole-of-f1-2022/9138252/|url-status=live|access-date=2022-03-20|website=Motorsport.com}}</ref> ali se oporavio od lošeg starta u trci i završio na 10. mjestu i postigao bod.<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 March 2022|title=Bahrain GP: Leclerc leads Ferrari 1-2; Red Bull implodes|url=https://www.motorsport.com/f1/news/bahrain-gp-leclerc-leads-ferrari-1-2-as-verstappen-retires/9167870/|url-status=live|access-date=2022-03-20|website=Motorsport.com}}</ref> Na Velikoj nagradi Britanije 2022, Zhou je bio uključen u nesreću u kojoj se njegov automobil prevrnuo naopačke, proklizao preko staze i šljunka i odbio se preko barijere. Nakon što je Zhoua izvukao iz automobila medicinski tim, odvezen je u medicinski centar. Zhou je prokomentarisao da mu je [[oreol]] spasio život tokom nesreće. == Sažetak karting karijere == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" !Godina !Sezona !Tim ! {{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !2010. | align="left" |Kartmasters British Grand Prix — Rotax Mini Max | align="left" | !14. |- !2011. | align="left" |Trent Valley Kart Club — Mini Max | align="left" | !10. |- ! rowspan="5" |2012. | align="left" |Kartmasters British Grand Prix&nbsp;— Rotax Junior | align="left" |Strawberry Racing !6. |- | align="left" |[[Super 1 National Kart Championships|Super 1 National Championship]]&nbsp;— Rotax Mini Max | align="left" | !4. |- | align="left" |Rotax Max Euro Challenge&nbsp;— Junior | align="left" |Strawberry Racing !8. |- | align="left" |Rotax International Open&nbsp;— Junior | !6. |- | align="left" |[[Rotax Max Challenge|Rotax Max Challenge Grand Finals]]&nbsp;— Junior | align="left" |RPM Racing Team !8. |- ! rowspan="5" |2013. | align="left" |Rotax Max Wintercup&nbsp;— Rotax Max Junior | rowspan="5" align="left" |Strawberry Racing | style="background:#DFDFDF;" |'''2.''' |- | align="left" |[[Super 1 National Kart Championships|Super 1 National Championship]]&nbsp;— Rotax Max Junior | style="background:#FFFFBF;" |'''1.''' |- | align="left" |Rotax Max Euro Challenge&nbsp;— Junior | style="background:#FFFFBF;" |'''1.''' |- | align="left" |Rotax International Open&nbsp;— Junior | style="background:#FFDF9F;" |'''3.''' |- | align="left" |[[Rotax Max Challenge|Rotax Max Challenge Grand Finals]]&nbsp;— Junior | style="background:#FFDF9F;" |'''3.''' |- ! rowspan="8" |2014. | align="left" |Rotax Max Wintercup&nbsp;— Rotax Max Senior | rowspan="4" align="left" |Strawberry Racing | style="background:#DFDFDF;" |'''2.''' |- | align="left" |South Garda Winter Cup&nbsp;— [[KF2|KF]] !12. |- | align="left" |[[WSK Champions Cup]]&nbsp;— [[KF2|KF]] !32. |- | align="left" |[[WSK Super Master Series]]&nbsp;— [[KF2|KF]] !27. |- | align="left" |[[CIK-FIA Karting European Championship|CIK-FIA European Championship]] — [[KF2|KF]] | align="left" |Ricky Flynn Motorsport !44. |- | align="left" |Rotax Max Euro Challenge&nbsp;— Senior | align="left" |Strawberry Racing | style="background:#DFDFDF;" |'''2.''' |- | align="left" |[[Karting World Championship|CIK-FIA World Championship]] — [[KF2|KF]] | align="left" |Ricky Flynn Motorsport !NK |- | align="left" |[[Rotax Max Challenge|Rotax Max Challenge Grand Finals]]&nbsp;— Senior | align="left" |Strawberry Racing !16. |} == Sažetak karijere == {| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align:center" !Godina !Kategorija !Tim !Utrke !Pobjede !{{Tooltip|Pol poz.|Pol pozicije}} !{{Tooltip|N. krug|Najbrži krug}} !Podiji !Bodovi !{{Tooltip|Poz.|Pozicija}} |- !2014. |align=left| [[2014 Italian F4 Championship|Italian F4 Winter Trophy]] |align=left| [[Prema Powerteam]] | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | NK ! NK |- !rowspan=2| 2015. |align=left| [[2015 Italian F4 Championship season|Italian F4 Championship]] |rowspan=2 align=left| [[Prema Powerteam]] | 21 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 9 | 223 | style="background:#DFDFDF;"| '''2.''' |- |align=left| [[2015 ADAC Formula 4 season|ADAC Formula 4 Championship]] | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 45 !15. |- !rowspan=4| 2016. |align=left| [[2016 FIA Formula 3 European Championship|FIA Formula 3 European Championship]] |align=left rowspan=3| [[Motopark Academy|Motopark]] | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 101 !13. |- |align=left| [[2016 Masters of Formula 3|Masters of Formula 3]] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | NK !16. |- |align=left| [[2016 Macau Grand Prix|Macau Grand Prix]] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NK !15. |- |align=left| [[2016 Toyota Racing Series|Toyota Racing Series]] |align=left| [[M2 Competition (team)|M2 Competition]] | 15 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 685 !6. |- !rowspan=2| 2017. |align=left| [[2017 FIA Formula 3 European Championship|FIA Formula 3 European Championship]] |align=left rowspan=2| [[Prema Powerteam]] | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 149 !8. |- |align=left| [[2017 Macau Grand Prix|Macau Grand Prix]] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NK !8. |- ! 2017–18. |align=left| [[2017–18 Formula E Championship|Formula E]] |align=left| [[Techeetah]] | colspan="7" |Razvojni vozač |- !rowspan=2| 2018. |align=left| [[2018 FIA Formula 3 European Championship|FIA Formula 3 European Championship]] |align=left| [[Prema Powerteam|Prema Theodore Racing]] | 30 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 203 !8. |- |align=left| [[2018 Macau Grand Prix|Macau Grand Prix]] |align=left| [[Prema Powerteam|SJM Theodore Racing by Prema]] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NK !11. |- ! 2019 |align=left| [[2019 FIA Formula 2 Championship|FIA Formula 2 Championship]] |align=left| [[Virtuosi Racing|UNI-Virtuosi Racing]] | 22 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 140 !7. |- !rowspan=2| 2020. |align=left| [[2020 FIA Formula 2 Championship|FIA Formula 2 Championship]] |align=left| [[Virtuosi Racing|UNI-Virtuosi Racing]] | 24 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 151.5 !6. |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 – sezona 2020.|Formula 1.]] |align=left| [[Renault F1|Renault DP World F1 Team]] | colspan="7" |Vozač za testiranje |- ! rowspan="3" | 2021. |align=left| [[2021 FIA Formula 2 Championship|FIA Formula 2 Championship]] |align=left| [[Virtuosi Racing|UNI-Virtuosi Racing]] | 22 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 183 | style="background:#FFDF9F;" |'''3.''' |- |align=left| [[2021 F3 Asian Championship|F3 Asian Championship]] |align=left| [[Prema Powerteam|Abu Dhabi Racing by Prema]] | 15 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 11 | 257 | style="background:#FFFFBF;" | '''1.''' |- |align=left| [[Formula 1 - sezona 2021.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Alpine F1|Alpine F1 Team]] |colspan="7"|Vozač za testiranje |- ! 2022. |align=left|[[Formula 1 - sezona 2022.|Formula 1]] |align=left| [[Sauber|Alfa Romeo F1 Team Orlen]] | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5* !17.* |} <nowiki>*</nowiki> Sezona još traje. == References == {{Reflist}} ==Vanjski linkovi== {{Commonscat}} *[http://https://www.statsf1.com/en/guanyu-zhou.aspx statisika Zhou Guanyu] {{Vozači i ekipe Formule 1}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Guanyu, Zhou}} [[Kategorija:Rođeni 1999.]] [[Kategorija:Biografije, Šangaj]] [[Kategorija:Kineski vozači Formule 1]] ewgl2ozezx0ct4jj7y3gt5oeijgcpw0 0 492496 3426902 3426806 2022-08-01T13:01:35Z KWiki 9400 Izmijenjeno odredište preusmjerenja sa [[Galilej]] na [[Galileo Galilei]] wikitext text/x-wiki #PREUSMJERI [[Galileo Galilei]] bnuk5yrti5nzx3i48pzy2j0mc7g6tnv 2 492497 3426890 2022-08-01T12:26:08Z Amel Pruzljanin 144726 Nova stranica: '''Biografija''' Amel Pruzljanin je rodjen u Novom Pazaru. wikitext text/x-wiki '''Biografija''' Amel Pruzljanin je rodjen u Novom Pazaru. ey1ytg8r1tt8a0zxngo29tyb4c9u3l1 0 492498 3426916 2022-08-01T14:41:06Z Mrjazz123 115638 Napravljeno prevođenjem stranice "[[:sr:Special:Redirect/revision/24463239|Манихејство]]" wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Manicheans.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Manicheans.jpg/200px-Manicheans.jpg|mini|295x295piksel| Ilustracija iz manihejskog rukopisa (8/9 vijek)]] '''Manihejstvo''' je učenje Manija (216-277), perzijskog filozofa i vjerskog reformatora, koji je nastojao da uključi učenja triju "oca pravednosti" - Zaratustre, [[Buda|Bude]] i Hrista - u jedinstven filozofski sistem <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref> . === Počeci manihejstva === Mani, osnivač manihejstva, rođen je 14. aprila 216. godine u Haldeji u Seleuciji - Ktesifonu. Prema predanju, njegovom ocu Pateku je jedan glas tri dana uzastopno nalagao da ne jede meso, da ne pije vino i da izbjegava žene. Uznemiren, Patek je prišao jednoj baptističkoj gnostičkoj sekti, Elkasaitima. Dijete se rodi kao bogalj (zapravo je bilo hromo). Kada je dječak napunio četiri godine, otac ga je uzeo da ga odgaja elkasaitskoj zajednici. Više od dvadeset godina Mani je rastao i formirao se u jednoj veoma revnosnom judeo-kršćanskom okruženju. Prema tome, udio kršćanskih elemenata u manihejskoj sintezi ne treba potcjenjivati. Pa ipak, Manijevo vjersko zvanje stoji u suprotnosti s teologijom, [[Eshatologija|eshatologijom]] i obredima kršćana. Doživeo je dva otkrivenja, jedno kada je imao 12, a drugo sa 24 godine, koja su mu pomogla da shvati kakva je njegova misija i osnažila ga da raskine sa sektom Elkasaita. Sam Mani nam je prenio sadržaj tih otkrivenja, objava. U prvom otkrivenju anđeo mu je prenio poruku "Kralja Raja svjetlosti" <ref>{{Cite book|last=Elijade|first=Mirča|title=Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)|publisher=|year=1991|isbn=|location=Beograd|pages=227}}</ref> (vrhovnog i dobrog Boga manihejstva), gdje je od njega zahtijevano da napusti zajednicu svog oca. U drugom otkrivenju, stigla mu je poruka da je vrijeme da preduzme akciju: "Sada je vrijeme da se javno pokažeš i da svoje učenje glasno objaviš." <ref>Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;227.</ref> Između 240. i 243. Mani je pošao na svoj prvi apostolski put u Indiju na poziv cara Shapura I, pa se Mani nastanio u Belaputu (Gundeshahpur), glavnom gradu Sasanida. Prorok je ostavio snažan utisak na Šapura i dozvolio mu je da propovijeda po cijelom carstvu zajedno sa svojim misionarima. Na ovaj način nova religija je zvanično priznata i pobožno sačuvan datum: 21. mart 242. godine (ili, prema drugom izveštaju, 9. april 243. godine). Aprila 272. godine Šapur I umire, a na presto dolazi njegov sin Hermizd, novi vladar je obnovio Manijinu zaštitnu povelju i dozvolio mu da ode u Haldeju. Međutim, nakon manje od godinu dana, Hermizd umire, a prijestolje pripada njegovom bratu Bahramu, koji je pozvao Manija da se pojavi pred njim. Čim je stigao, bio je izložen optužbama vrhovnog maga Kartera, koji je smatrao da učenje Manija odvraća vjernike od zvanične religije. Kada je Mani objavio božanski karakter svoje misije, Bahram je prasnuo: "A zašto bi to otkrivenje bilo dato tebi, a ne Nama, gospodarima zemlje?" <ref name="#1">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;228.</ref> Na ovo je Mani mogao samo da odgovori: "Takva je volja od Boga." <ref name="#1" /> Nakon toga je osuđen, okovan i bačen u tamnicu. Imao je tri lanca na rukama, tri na nogama koji su ga sprečavali da napravi i najmanji pokret, zbog čega je mnogo patio. Manijeva patnja, za koju su Manihejci koristili kršćanski izraz "raspeće", trajala je 26 dana. Međutim, proroku je dozvoljeno da primi svoje suvjernike, a u predanju su sačuvane brojne poučne epizode u nešto izmijenjenom obliku. Mani je umro 26. februara 277. godine. godine, u svojoj šezdesetoj godini. Njegovo tijelo je isječeno na komade, a glava izložena na gradskim kapijama. Odmah nakon prorokove smrti, Bahran je naredio nemilosrdno suzbijanje pokreta, iako se činilo da će manihejska crkva konačno prestati postojati, nastavila je da napreduje tokom stoljeća, šireći se na Iberijsko poluostrvo na zapadu i Kinu na istoku. == Manihejska gnoza == Manihejstvo je prvenstveno gnoza i, kao takav, predstavlja dio gnostičke struje. Za razliku od drugih osnivača sekti, Mani je pokušao stvoriti univerzalnu, pristupačnu [[Religija|religiju]], ne ograničavajući se na ezoterična učenja nametnuta isključivo posvećenicima. Prepoznao je vrijednosti nekih ranijih religija, ali je smatrao da one nisu potpune. S druge strane, on je izjavio da njegova Crkva uključuje ono što je osnovno u svim svetim knjigama i u svoj mudrosti: „Kao što se rijeka spaja s drugom rijekom da bi formirala jedan moćni tok, tako su u mojim Knjigama stare knjige sakupljene, u njima sakupila se velika Mudrost, kakve nije bilo među ljudima koji su do sada živjeli. " <ref name="#2">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;229.</ref> Mani pridaje veliki značaj Isusu i usvaja njegovu ideju o parakletu, teoriju o tranmigraciji duša posuđuje iz Indije, ali u najvećoj mjeri preuzima centralne iranske ideje, posebno ideju o dualizam Svetlost-tama, kao i eshatološki mit. Sinkretizam je bio karakterističan sindrom tog doba. U Manijevom slučaju, on je bio i taktička potreba. Želio je da se njegova Crkva širi s kraja na kraj [[Perzija|Perzijskog carstva]]. Stoga je bio primoran da koristi vjerski jezik koji je bio dostupan i istočnim i zapadnim područjima. I pored svega, uprkos naizgled heterogenim elementima, manihejstvo ima unutrašnje jedinstvo moćne i, iznad svega, originalne kreacije. Pošto je to bila univerzalna religija, poput [[Budizam|budizma]] i [[Kršćanstvo|kršćanstva]], manihejstvo je moralo biti, kao i te dvije Crkve, misionarska religija. Prema Maniju, propovjednik je dužan da "neprestano luta svijetom, propovijedajući učenja i vodeći ljude ka Istini". <ref name="#2" /> Za manihejstvo se može reći da je "religija knjige". <ref name="#2" /> Kako bi izbjegao nesuglasice i hereze koje su potresle [[zoroastrizam]], budizam i kršćanstvo, sam Mani je redigirao sedam rasprava koje čine kanon. Izuzev prve, Šabuhragan, koju je napisao na srednjopersijskom jeziku, ostale su pisane na sirijskom i istočnoaramejskom jeziku. Veoma malo je sačuvano iz tog ogromnog opusa i to samo u obliku prijevoda, no brojnost i raznolikost jezika na kojima su ti fragmenti stigli do nas ukazuju na to da je manihejsko učenje imalo uspjeha kao nijedno prije njega. Kao u svim gnosama, a isto tako je i u sankhja – jogi i budizmu, put ka oslobođenju vodi kroz dosljedno ispitivanje ljudske uslovljenosti. Zbog činjenice da živi na ovoj zemlji, to jest da egzistira inkarniran, čovjek pati, što će reći da je on žrtva Zla. Oslobođenje se može se postići samo kroz gnosu, jedinu pravu nauku, onu koja donosi spasenje. U skladu sa gnostičkom doktrinom, Kosmos kojim vlada to Zlo ne može biti djelo transcendentnog i dobrog Boga, već isključivo njegovog protivnika. Postojanje svijeta podrazumijeva, dakle, jedino prethodno, prekosmičko stanje, baš kao što patetična i griješna ljudska uslovljenost podrazumijeva prvobitno stanje blaženstva. Ono što je najvažnije u manihejskoj doktrini moguće je rezimirati u dvije formule: dva principa i tri trenutka. Međutim, te dvije formule predstavljaju također i osnov iranske postgatičke religioznosti. Stoga bi se moglo reći da manihejstvo predstavlja iransko izražavanje gnose u sinkretističkoj epohi. S jedne strane, Mani je nanovo interpretirao neke tradicionalne iranske koncepcije, s druge, on je u svoj sistem integrisao brojne elemente raznovrsnog porijekla (indijske, judeo-hrišćanske i gnostičke). Vjernicima manihejstvo nije pružalo samo pouke i soteriološke metode, već je ono, pored toga i prije svega, za njih predstavljalo totalnu i apsolutnu nauku. Spasenje je neminovna posljedica gnose. Spoznaja je isto što i anamneza: posvećeni vidi sebe kao česticu svjetlosti, vidi, dakle, svoju božansku prirodu, jer između Boga i duša postoji jedinstvo. Neznanje je rezultat miješanja duha i tijela, duha i materija. No, za Manija, kao i za druge gnostičke učitelje, spasonosna gnosa je sadržala i znanje tajne (ili zaboravljene historije kosmosa). Posvećeni će biti izbavljen, jer je on upućen u porijeklo Univerzuma, u uzrok zbog kojeg je čovjek stvoren, u metode koje koristi Vladar Tame, kao i u kontrametode koje je razradio Otac Svetlosti. Naučno objašnjenje nekih kosmičnih fenomena, a posebno mjesečnih mijena, ostavljalo je snažan utisak na savremenike. U stvari, u velikom kosmogonijskom i eshatološkom mitu koji je razradio Mani, Priroda i Život igraju značajnu ulogu: drama duše se odražava na morfologiju i sudbinu života u cjelini. <ref name="#3">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;230</ref> == Razvoj == [[Datoteka:ManichaeismSpread.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/ManichaeismSpread.jpg/380px-ManichaeismSpread.jpg|mini|380x380piksel| Širenje [[500.|manihejstva]] (oko [[300.|300-500]] godine).]] U 4. i 5. veku, manihejski pokret se proširio na istok kroz [[Kina|Kinu]] i na zapad kroz [[Rimsko Carstvo|Rimsko carstvo]] . Odnos rimskih vlasti prema manihejstvu bio je neprijateljski, a manihejski pokret bio je podvrgnut okrutnoj represiji i progonu. [[Dioklecijan|Car Dioklecijan]] je izdao zakone protiv njih jer su se protivili zvaničnoj državnoj vjeri, posebno kultu cara kao božanstva. Kasnije su hrišćanski carevi, [[Teodozije I Veliki]] (379-395), Valentinijan III, Teodozije II i [[Justinijan I]], suzbili manihejstvo zakonima. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm|title=Архивирана копија|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305152155/http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm#|archive-date=05. 03. 2016|url-status=dead|access-date=08. 03. 2008}}</ref> Manijevo učenje poslužilo je kao moćna inspiracija raznim [[Gnosticizam|gnostičkim]] i kršćanskim zajednicama. Manijeva religija se proširila širom sjeverne Afrike duž Sredozemnog mora sve do Španije. Čuveni crkveni otac [[Aurelije Augustin|Sveti Avgustin]], prije nego što se preobratio, bio je deset godina manihejac. Na istoku se Manijev uticaj osjetio na Tibetu, te je na taj način prodro u Kinu, a potom i u nestorijansko kršćanstvo <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref>. U srednjovjekovnoj Evropi, bogumilski i katarski pokreti bili su pod snažnim manihejskim uticajem. Mnoga [[Apokrifni tekstovi|apokrifna]] kršćanska djela, kao što je Evanđelje po Tomi, sačuvana su preko Manijevih učenika, koja bi inače bila izgubljena. == Kršćanska procjena manihejstva == Manihejstvo – hereza, predstavlja pokušaj spajanja kršćanstva sa principima perzijske religije Zoroaster, koja propovijeda dualizam, tj. da su uvijek postojala dva nezavisna načela ili carstva. Prema učenju manihejaca, Hrist je samo svetleći eon (duh), koji je izašao izlivanjem od Oca svetlosti. Jedna polovina takvog Hrista bi, takoreći, bila progutana materijom i sačinjavala dušu vidljivog svijeta, takozvanog Isusa koji pati; a druga polovina se, uz pomoć drugog eona - Životvornog Duha, oslobodila materije i nastanila na suncu; to je takozvani besmrtni Isus. Utjelovljenje Krista, prema manihejskom učenju, je silazak sa sunca besmrtnog Isusa radi oslobođenja Isusa koji pati. A ova inkarnacija Hrista je bila samo prividna (doketizam). Sa moralne tačke gledišta, manihejstvo je propovijedalo borbu sa materijom radi oslobođenja od nje, putem postepenog umrtvljivanja tijela u sebi. Manihejska hereza bila je posebno raširena u četvrtom i petom vijeku.<nowiki></br></nowiki> (Iz "Žitija svetih" Ave Justin) == Literatura == * Mirča Eliade, Istorija verovanja i verskih ideja (tom 2) Beograd, 1991. str. 227-230. == Izvori == == Vidjeti više == * Mani * [[Zoroastrizam|Mazdaizam]] * [[Zoroastrizam]] * [[Kršćanstvo|Hrišćanstvo]] * [[gnosticizam]] * [[Budizam]] [[Kategorija:Historija religije]] [[Kategorija:Historija Irana]] 22mrirppau2rs446moqoi3e97dxknel 3426917 3426916 2022-08-01T14:41:40Z Mrjazz123 115638 Mrjazz123 premjestio je stranicu [[Манихејство]] na [[Manihejstvo]]: zaboravio prevesti naslov članka sa ćirilice wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Manicheans.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Manicheans.jpg/200px-Manicheans.jpg|mini|295x295piksel| Ilustracija iz manihejskog rukopisa (8/9 vijek)]] '''Manihejstvo''' je učenje Manija (216-277), perzijskog filozofa i vjerskog reformatora, koji je nastojao da uključi učenja triju "oca pravednosti" - Zaratustre, [[Buda|Bude]] i Hrista - u jedinstven filozofski sistem <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref> . === Počeci manihejstva === Mani, osnivač manihejstva, rođen je 14. aprila 216. godine u Haldeji u Seleuciji - Ktesifonu. Prema predanju, njegovom ocu Pateku je jedan glas tri dana uzastopno nalagao da ne jede meso, da ne pije vino i da izbjegava žene. Uznemiren, Patek je prišao jednoj baptističkoj gnostičkoj sekti, Elkasaitima. Dijete se rodi kao bogalj (zapravo je bilo hromo). Kada je dječak napunio četiri godine, otac ga je uzeo da ga odgaja elkasaitskoj zajednici. Više od dvadeset godina Mani je rastao i formirao se u jednoj veoma revnosnom judeo-kršćanskom okruženju. Prema tome, udio kršćanskih elemenata u manihejskoj sintezi ne treba potcjenjivati. Pa ipak, Manijevo vjersko zvanje stoji u suprotnosti s teologijom, [[Eshatologija|eshatologijom]] i obredima kršćana. Doživeo je dva otkrivenja, jedno kada je imao 12, a drugo sa 24 godine, koja su mu pomogla da shvati kakva je njegova misija i osnažila ga da raskine sa sektom Elkasaita. Sam Mani nam je prenio sadržaj tih otkrivenja, objava. U prvom otkrivenju anđeo mu je prenio poruku "Kralja Raja svjetlosti" <ref>{{Cite book|last=Elijade|first=Mirča|title=Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)|publisher=|year=1991|isbn=|location=Beograd|pages=227}}</ref> (vrhovnog i dobrog Boga manihejstva), gdje je od njega zahtijevano da napusti zajednicu svog oca. U drugom otkrivenju, stigla mu je poruka da je vrijeme da preduzme akciju: "Sada je vrijeme da se javno pokažeš i da svoje učenje glasno objaviš." <ref>Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;227.</ref> Između 240. i 243. Mani je pošao na svoj prvi apostolski put u Indiju na poziv cara Shapura I, pa se Mani nastanio u Belaputu (Gundeshahpur), glavnom gradu Sasanida. Prorok je ostavio snažan utisak na Šapura i dozvolio mu je da propovijeda po cijelom carstvu zajedno sa svojim misionarima. Na ovaj način nova religija je zvanično priznata i pobožno sačuvan datum: 21. mart 242. godine (ili, prema drugom izveštaju, 9. april 243. godine). Aprila 272. godine Šapur I umire, a na presto dolazi njegov sin Hermizd, novi vladar je obnovio Manijinu zaštitnu povelju i dozvolio mu da ode u Haldeju. Međutim, nakon manje od godinu dana, Hermizd umire, a prijestolje pripada njegovom bratu Bahramu, koji je pozvao Manija da se pojavi pred njim. Čim je stigao, bio je izložen optužbama vrhovnog maga Kartera, koji je smatrao da učenje Manija odvraća vjernike od zvanične religije. Kada je Mani objavio božanski karakter svoje misije, Bahram je prasnuo: "A zašto bi to otkrivenje bilo dato tebi, a ne Nama, gospodarima zemlje?" <ref name="#1">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;228.</ref> Na ovo je Mani mogao samo da odgovori: "Takva je volja od Boga." <ref name="#1" /> Nakon toga je osuđen, okovan i bačen u tamnicu. Imao je tri lanca na rukama, tri na nogama koji su ga sprečavali da napravi i najmanji pokret, zbog čega je mnogo patio. Manijeva patnja, za koju su Manihejci koristili kršćanski izraz "raspeće", trajala je 26 dana. Međutim, proroku je dozvoljeno da primi svoje suvjernike, a u predanju su sačuvane brojne poučne epizode u nešto izmijenjenom obliku. Mani je umro 26. februara 277. godine. godine, u svojoj šezdesetoj godini. Njegovo tijelo je isječeno na komade, a glava izložena na gradskim kapijama. Odmah nakon prorokove smrti, Bahran je naredio nemilosrdno suzbijanje pokreta, iako se činilo da će manihejska crkva konačno prestati postojati, nastavila je da napreduje tokom stoljeća, šireći se na Iberijsko poluostrvo na zapadu i Kinu na istoku. == Manihejska gnoza == Manihejstvo je prvenstveno gnoza i, kao takav, predstavlja dio gnostičke struje. Za razliku od drugih osnivača sekti, Mani je pokušao stvoriti univerzalnu, pristupačnu [[Religija|religiju]], ne ograničavajući se na ezoterična učenja nametnuta isključivo posvećenicima. Prepoznao je vrijednosti nekih ranijih religija, ali je smatrao da one nisu potpune. S druge strane, on je izjavio da njegova Crkva uključuje ono što je osnovno u svim svetim knjigama i u svoj mudrosti: „Kao što se rijeka spaja s drugom rijekom da bi formirala jedan moćni tok, tako su u mojim Knjigama stare knjige sakupljene, u njima sakupila se velika Mudrost, kakve nije bilo među ljudima koji su do sada živjeli. " <ref name="#2">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;229.</ref> Mani pridaje veliki značaj Isusu i usvaja njegovu ideju o parakletu, teoriju o tranmigraciji duša posuđuje iz Indije, ali u najvećoj mjeri preuzima centralne iranske ideje, posebno ideju o dualizam Svetlost-tama, kao i eshatološki mit. Sinkretizam je bio karakterističan sindrom tog doba. U Manijevom slučaju, on je bio i taktička potreba. Želio je da se njegova Crkva širi s kraja na kraj [[Perzija|Perzijskog carstva]]. Stoga je bio primoran da koristi vjerski jezik koji je bio dostupan i istočnim i zapadnim područjima. I pored svega, uprkos naizgled heterogenim elementima, manihejstvo ima unutrašnje jedinstvo moćne i, iznad svega, originalne kreacije. Pošto je to bila univerzalna religija, poput [[Budizam|budizma]] i [[Kršćanstvo|kršćanstva]], manihejstvo je moralo biti, kao i te dvije Crkve, misionarska religija. Prema Maniju, propovjednik je dužan da "neprestano luta svijetom, propovijedajući učenja i vodeći ljude ka Istini". <ref name="#2" /> Za manihejstvo se može reći da je "religija knjige". <ref name="#2" /> Kako bi izbjegao nesuglasice i hereze koje su potresle [[zoroastrizam]], budizam i kršćanstvo, sam Mani je redigirao sedam rasprava koje čine kanon. Izuzev prve, Šabuhragan, koju je napisao na srednjopersijskom jeziku, ostale su pisane na sirijskom i istočnoaramejskom jeziku. Veoma malo je sačuvano iz tog ogromnog opusa i to samo u obliku prijevoda, no brojnost i raznolikost jezika na kojima su ti fragmenti stigli do nas ukazuju na to da je manihejsko učenje imalo uspjeha kao nijedno prije njega. Kao u svim gnosama, a isto tako je i u sankhja – jogi i budizmu, put ka oslobođenju vodi kroz dosljedno ispitivanje ljudske uslovljenosti. Zbog činjenice da živi na ovoj zemlji, to jest da egzistira inkarniran, čovjek pati, što će reći da je on žrtva Zla. Oslobođenje se može se postići samo kroz gnosu, jedinu pravu nauku, onu koja donosi spasenje. U skladu sa gnostičkom doktrinom, Kosmos kojim vlada to Zlo ne može biti djelo transcendentnog i dobrog Boga, već isključivo njegovog protivnika. Postojanje svijeta podrazumijeva, dakle, jedino prethodno, prekosmičko stanje, baš kao što patetična i griješna ljudska uslovljenost podrazumijeva prvobitno stanje blaženstva. Ono što je najvažnije u manihejskoj doktrini moguće je rezimirati u dvije formule: dva principa i tri trenutka. Međutim, te dvije formule predstavljaju također i osnov iranske postgatičke religioznosti. Stoga bi se moglo reći da manihejstvo predstavlja iransko izražavanje gnose u sinkretističkoj epohi. S jedne strane, Mani je nanovo interpretirao neke tradicionalne iranske koncepcije, s druge, on je u svoj sistem integrisao brojne elemente raznovrsnog porijekla (indijske, judeo-hrišćanske i gnostičke). Vjernicima manihejstvo nije pružalo samo pouke i soteriološke metode, već je ono, pored toga i prije svega, za njih predstavljalo totalnu i apsolutnu nauku. Spasenje je neminovna posljedica gnose. Spoznaja je isto što i anamneza: posvećeni vidi sebe kao česticu svjetlosti, vidi, dakle, svoju božansku prirodu, jer između Boga i duša postoji jedinstvo. Neznanje je rezultat miješanja duha i tijela, duha i materija. No, za Manija, kao i za druge gnostičke učitelje, spasonosna gnosa je sadržala i znanje tajne (ili zaboravljene historije kosmosa). Posvećeni će biti izbavljen, jer je on upućen u porijeklo Univerzuma, u uzrok zbog kojeg je čovjek stvoren, u metode koje koristi Vladar Tame, kao i u kontrametode koje je razradio Otac Svetlosti. Naučno objašnjenje nekih kosmičnih fenomena, a posebno mjesečnih mijena, ostavljalo je snažan utisak na savremenike. U stvari, u velikom kosmogonijskom i eshatološkom mitu koji je razradio Mani, Priroda i Život igraju značajnu ulogu: drama duše se odražava na morfologiju i sudbinu života u cjelini. <ref name="#3">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;230</ref> == Razvoj == [[Datoteka:ManichaeismSpread.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/ManichaeismSpread.jpg/380px-ManichaeismSpread.jpg|mini|380x380piksel| Širenje [[500.|manihejstva]] (oko [[300.|300-500]] godine).]] U 4. i 5. veku, manihejski pokret se proširio na istok kroz [[Kina|Kinu]] i na zapad kroz [[Rimsko Carstvo|Rimsko carstvo]] . Odnos rimskih vlasti prema manihejstvu bio je neprijateljski, a manihejski pokret bio je podvrgnut okrutnoj represiji i progonu. [[Dioklecijan|Car Dioklecijan]] je izdao zakone protiv njih jer su se protivili zvaničnoj državnoj vjeri, posebno kultu cara kao božanstva. Kasnije su hrišćanski carevi, [[Teodozije I Veliki]] (379-395), Valentinijan III, Teodozije II i [[Justinijan I]], suzbili manihejstvo zakonima. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm|title=Архивирана копија|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305152155/http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm#|archive-date=05. 03. 2016|url-status=dead|access-date=08. 03. 2008}}</ref> Manijevo učenje poslužilo je kao moćna inspiracija raznim [[Gnosticizam|gnostičkim]] i kršćanskim zajednicama. Manijeva religija se proširila širom sjeverne Afrike duž Sredozemnog mora sve do Španije. Čuveni crkveni otac [[Aurelije Augustin|Sveti Avgustin]], prije nego što se preobratio, bio je deset godina manihejac. Na istoku se Manijev uticaj osjetio na Tibetu, te je na taj način prodro u Kinu, a potom i u nestorijansko kršćanstvo <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref>. U srednjovjekovnoj Evropi, bogumilski i katarski pokreti bili su pod snažnim manihejskim uticajem. Mnoga [[Apokrifni tekstovi|apokrifna]] kršćanska djela, kao što je Evanđelje po Tomi, sačuvana su preko Manijevih učenika, koja bi inače bila izgubljena. == Kršćanska procjena manihejstva == Manihejstvo – hereza, predstavlja pokušaj spajanja kršćanstva sa principima perzijske religije Zoroaster, koja propovijeda dualizam, tj. da su uvijek postojala dva nezavisna načela ili carstva. Prema učenju manihejaca, Hrist je samo svetleći eon (duh), koji je izašao izlivanjem od Oca svetlosti. Jedna polovina takvog Hrista bi, takoreći, bila progutana materijom i sačinjavala dušu vidljivog svijeta, takozvanog Isusa koji pati; a druga polovina se, uz pomoć drugog eona - Životvornog Duha, oslobodila materije i nastanila na suncu; to je takozvani besmrtni Isus. Utjelovljenje Krista, prema manihejskom učenju, je silazak sa sunca besmrtnog Isusa radi oslobođenja Isusa koji pati. A ova inkarnacija Hrista je bila samo prividna (doketizam). Sa moralne tačke gledišta, manihejstvo je propovijedalo borbu sa materijom radi oslobođenja od nje, putem postepenog umrtvljivanja tijela u sebi. Manihejska hereza bila je posebno raširena u četvrtom i petom vijeku.<nowiki></br></nowiki> (Iz "Žitija svetih" Ave Justin) == Literatura == * Mirča Eliade, Istorija verovanja i verskih ideja (tom 2) Beograd, 1991. str. 227-230. == Izvori == == Vidjeti više == * Mani * [[Zoroastrizam|Mazdaizam]] * [[Zoroastrizam]] * [[Kršćanstvo|Hrišćanstvo]] * [[gnosticizam]] * [[Budizam]] [[Kategorija:Historija religije]] [[Kategorija:Historija Irana]] 22mrirppau2rs446moqoi3e97dxknel 3426919 3426917 2022-08-01T14:42:15Z Mrjazz123 115638 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Manicheans.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Manicheans.jpg/200px-Manicheans.jpg|mini|295x295piksel| Ilustracija iz manihejskog rukopisa (8/9 vijek)]] '''Manihejstvo''' je učenje Manija (216-277), perzijskog filozofa i vjerskog reformatora, koji je nastojao da uključi učenja triju "oca pravednosti" - Zaratustre, [[Buda|Bude]] i Hrista - u jedinstven filozofski sistem <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref> . === Počeci manihejstva === Mani, osnivač manihejstva, rođen je 14. aprila 216. godine u Haldeji u Seleuciji - Ktesifonu. Prema predanju, njegovom ocu Pateku je jedan glas tri dana uzastopno nalagao da ne jede meso, da ne pije vino i da izbjegava žene. Uznemiren, Patek je prišao jednoj baptističkoj gnostičkoj sekti, Elkasaitima. Dijete se rodi kao bogalj (zapravo je bilo hromo). Kada je dječak napunio četiri godine, otac ga je uzeo da ga odgaja elkasaitskoj zajednici. Više od dvadeset godina Mani je rastao i formirao se u jednoj veoma revnosnom judeo-kršćanskom okruženju. Prema tome, udio kršćanskih elemenata u manihejskoj sintezi ne treba potcjenjivati. Pa ipak, Manijevo vjersko zvanje stoji u suprotnosti s teologijom, [[Eshatologija|eshatologijom]] i obredima kršćana. Doživeo je dva otkrivenja, jedno kada je imao 12, a drugo sa 24 godine, koja su mu pomogla da shvati kakva je njegova misija i osnažila ga da raskine sa sektom Elkasaita. Sam Mani nam je prenio sadržaj tih otkrivenja, objava. U prvom otkrivenju anđeo mu je prenio poruku "Kralja Raja svjetlosti" <ref>{{Cite book|last=Elijade|first=Mirča|title=Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)|publisher=|year=1991|isbn=|location=Beograd|pages=227}}</ref> (vrhovnog i dobrog Boga manihejstva), gdje je od njega zahtijevano da napusti zajednicu svog oca. U drugom otkrivenju, stigla mu je poruka da je vrijeme da preduzme akciju: "Sada je vrijeme da se javno pokažeš i da svoje učenje glasno objaviš." <ref>Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;227.</ref> Između 240. i 243. Mani je pošao na svoj prvi apostolski put u Indiju na poziv cara Shapura I, pa se Mani nastanio u Belaputu (Gundeshahpur), glavnom gradu Sasanida. Prorok je ostavio snažan utisak na Šapura i dozvolio mu je da propovijeda po cijelom carstvu zajedno sa svojim misionarima. Na ovaj način nova religija je zvanično priznata i pobožno sačuvan datum: 21. mart 242. godine (ili, prema drugom izveštaju, 9. april 243. godine). Aprila 272. godine Šapur I umire, a na presto dolazi njegov sin Hermizd, novi vladar je obnovio Manijinu zaštitnu povelju i dozvolio mu da ode u Haldeju. Međutim, nakon manje od godinu dana, Hermizd umire, a prijestolje pripada njegovom bratu Bahramu, koji je pozvao Manija da se pojavi pred njim. Čim je stigao, bio je izložen optužbama vrhovnog maga Kartera, koji je smatrao da učenje Manija odvraća vjernike od zvanične religije. Kada je Mani objavio božanski karakter svoje misije, Bahram je prasnuo: "A zašto bi to otkrivenje bilo dato tebi, a ne Nama, gospodarima zemlje?" <ref name="#1">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;228.</ref> Na ovo je Mani mogao samo da odgovori: "Takva je volja od Boga." <ref name="#1" /> Nakon toga je osuđen, okovan i bačen u tamnicu. Imao je tri lanca na rukama, tri na nogama koji su ga sprečavali da napravi i najmanji pokret, zbog čega je mnogo patio. Manijeva patnja, za koju su Manihejci koristili kršćanski izraz "raspeće", trajala je 26 dana. Međutim, proroku je dozvoljeno da primi svoje suvjernike, a u predanju su sačuvane brojne poučne epizode u nešto izmijenjenom obliku. Mani je umro 26. februara 277. godine. godine, u svojoj šezdesetoj godini. Njegovo tijelo je isječeno na komade, a glava izložena na gradskim kapijama. Odmah nakon prorokove smrti, Bahran je naredio nemilosrdno suzbijanje pokreta, iako se činilo da će manihejska crkva konačno prestati postojati, nastavila je da napreduje tokom stoljeća, šireći se na Iberijsko poluostrvo na zapadu i Kinu na istoku. == Manihejska gnoza == Manihejstvo je prvenstveno gnoza i, kao takav, predstavlja dio gnostičke struje. Za razliku od drugih osnivača sekti, Mani je pokušao stvoriti univerzalnu, pristupačnu [[Religija|religiju]], ne ograničavajući se na ezoterična učenja nametnuta isključivo posvećenicima. Prepoznao je vrijednosti nekih ranijih religija, ali je smatrao da one nisu potpune. S druge strane, on je izjavio da njegova Crkva uključuje ono što je osnovno u svim svetim knjigama i u svoj mudrosti: „Kao što se rijeka spaja s drugom rijekom da bi formirala jedan moćni tok, tako su u mojim Knjigama stare knjige sakupljene, u njima sakupila se velika Mudrost, kakve nije bilo među ljudima koji su do sada živjeli. " <ref name="#2">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;229.</ref> Mani pridaje veliki značaj Isusu i usvaja njegovu ideju o parakletu, teoriju o tranmigraciji duša posuđuje iz Indije, ali u najvećoj mjeri preuzima centralne iranske ideje, posebno ideju o dualizam Svetlost-tama, kao i eshatološki mit. Sinkretizam je bio karakterističan sindrom tog doba. U Manijevom slučaju, on je bio i taktička potreba. Želio je da se njegova Crkva širi s kraja na kraj [[Perzija|Perzijskog carstva]]. Stoga je bio primoran da koristi vjerski jezik koji je bio dostupan i istočnim i zapadnim područjima. I pored svega, uprkos naizgled heterogenim elementima, manihejstvo ima unutrašnje jedinstvo moćne i, iznad svega, originalne kreacije. Pošto je to bila univerzalna religija, poput [[Budizam|budizma]] i [[Kršćanstvo|kršćanstva]], manihejstvo je moralo biti, kao i te dvije Crkve, misionarska religija. Prema Maniju, propovjednik je dužan da "neprestano luta svijetom, propovijedajući učenja i vodeći ljude ka Istini". <ref name="#2" /> Za manihejstvo se može reći da je "religija knjige". <ref name="#2" /> Kako bi izbjegao nesuglasice i hereze koje su potresle [[zoroastrizam]], budizam i kršćanstvo, sam Mani je redigirao sedam rasprava koje čine kanon. Izuzev prve, Šabuhragan, koju je napisao na srednjopersijskom jeziku, ostale su pisane na sirijskom i istočnoaramejskom jeziku. Veoma malo je sačuvano iz tog ogromnog opusa i to samo u obliku prijevoda, no brojnost i raznolikost jezika na kojima su ti fragmenti stigli do nas ukazuju na to da je manihejsko učenje imalo uspjeha kao nijedno prije njega. Kao u svim gnosama, a isto tako je i u sankhja – jogi i budizmu, put ka oslobođenju vodi kroz dosljedno ispitivanje ljudske uslovljenosti. Zbog činjenice da živi na ovoj zemlji, to jest da egzistira inkarniran, čovjek pati, što će reći da je on žrtva Zla. Oslobođenje se može se postići samo kroz gnosu, jedinu pravu nauku, onu koja donosi spasenje. U skladu sa gnostičkom doktrinom, Kosmos kojim vlada to Zlo ne može biti djelo transcendentnog i dobrog Boga, već isključivo njegovog protivnika. Postojanje svijeta podrazumijeva, dakle, jedino prethodno, prekosmičko stanje, baš kao što patetična i griješna ljudska uslovljenost podrazumijeva prvobitno stanje blaženstva. Ono što je najvažnije u manihejskoj doktrini moguće je rezimirati u dvije formule: dva principa i tri trenutka. Međutim, te dvije formule predstavljaju također i osnov iranske postgatičke religioznosti. Stoga bi se moglo reći da manihejstvo predstavlja iransko izražavanje gnose u sinkretističkoj epohi. S jedne strane, Mani je nanovo interpretirao neke tradicionalne iranske koncepcije, s druge, on je u svoj sistem integrisao brojne elemente raznovrsnog porijekla (indijske, judeo-hrišćanske i gnostičke). Vjernicima manihejstvo nije pružalo samo pouke i soteriološke metode, već je ono, pored toga i prije svega, za njih predstavljalo totalnu i apsolutnu nauku. Spasenje je neminovna posljedica gnose. Spoznaja je isto što i anamneza: posvećeni vidi sebe kao česticu svjetlosti, vidi, dakle, svoju božansku prirodu, jer između Boga i duša postoji jedinstvo. Neznanje je rezultat miješanja duha i tijela, duha i materija. No, za Manija, kao i za druge gnostičke učitelje, spasonosna gnosa je sadržala i znanje tajne (ili zaboravljene historije kosmosa). Posvećeni će biti izbavljen, jer je on upućen u porijeklo Univerzuma, u uzrok zbog kojeg je čovjek stvoren, u metode koje koristi Vladar Tame, kao i u kontrametode koje je razradio Otac Svetlosti. Naučno objašnjenje nekih kosmičnih fenomena, a posebno mjesečnih mijena, ostavljalo je snažan utisak na savremenike. U stvari, u velikom kosmogonijskom i eshatološkom mitu koji je razradio Mani, Priroda i Život igraju značajnu ulogu: drama duše se odražava na morfologiju i sudbinu života u cjelini. <ref name="#3">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;230</ref> == Razvoj == [[Datoteka:ManichaeismSpread.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/ManichaeismSpread.jpg/380px-ManichaeismSpread.jpg|mini|380x380piksel| Širenje [[500.|manihejstva]] (oko [[300.|300-500]] godine).]] U 4. i 5. veku, manihejski pokret se proširio na istok kroz [[Kina|Kinu]] i na zapad kroz [[Rimsko Carstvo|Rimsko carstvo]] . Odnos rimskih vlasti prema manihejstvu bio je neprijateljski, a manihejski pokret bio je podvrgnut okrutnoj represiji i progonu. [[Dioklecijan|Car Dioklecijan]] je izdao zakone protiv njih jer su se protivili zvaničnoj državnoj vjeri, posebno kultu cara kao božanstva. Kasnije su hrišćanski carevi, [[Teodozije I Veliki]] (379-395), Valentinijan III, Teodozije II i [[Justinijan I]], suzbili manihejstvo zakonima. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm|title=Архивирана копија|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305152155/http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm#|archive-date=05. 03. 2016|url-status=dead|access-date=08. 03. 2008}}</ref> Manijevo učenje poslužilo je kao moćna inspiracija raznim [[Gnosticizam|gnostičkim]] i kršćanskim zajednicama. Manijeva religija se proširila širom sjeverne Afrike duž Sredozemnog mora sve do Španije. Čuveni crkveni otac [[Aurelije Augustin|Sveti Avgustin]], prije nego što se preobratio, bio je deset godina manihejac. Na istoku se Manijev uticaj osjetio na Tibetu, te je na taj način prodro u Kinu, a potom i u nestorijansko kršćanstvo <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref>. U srednjovjekovnoj Evropi, bogumilski i katarski pokreti bili su pod snažnim manihejskim uticajem. Mnoga [[Apokrifni tekstovi|apokrifna]] kršćanska djela, kao što je Evanđelje po Tomi, sačuvana su preko Manijevih učenika, koja bi inače bila izgubljena. == Kršćanska procjena manihejstva == Manihejstvo – hereza, predstavlja pokušaj spajanja kršćanstva sa principima perzijske religije Zoroaster, koja propovijeda dualizam, tj. da su uvijek postojala dva nezavisna načela ili carstva. Prema učenju manihejaca, Hrist je samo svetleći eon (duh), koji je izašao izlivanjem od Oca svetlosti. Jedna polovina takvog Hrista bi, takoreći, bila progutana materijom i sačinjavala dušu vidljivog svijeta, takozvanog Isusa koji pati; a druga polovina se, uz pomoć drugog eona - Životvornog Duha, oslobodila materije i nastanila na suncu; to je takozvani besmrtni Isus. Utjelovljenje Krista, prema manihejskom učenju, je silazak sa sunca besmrtnog Isusa radi oslobođenja Isusa koji pati. A ova inkarnacija Hrista je bila samo prividna (doketizam). Sa moralne tačke gledišta, manihejstvo je propovijedalo borbu sa materijom radi oslobođenja od nje, putem postepenog umrtvljivanja tijela u sebi. Manihejska hereza bila je posebno raširena u četvrtom i petom vijeku.<nowiki></br></nowiki> (Iz "Žitija svetih" Ave Justin) == Literatura == * Mirča Eliade, Istorija verovanja i verskih ideja (tom 2) Beograd, 1991. str. 227-230. == Izvori == == Vidjeti više == * Mani * [[Zoroastrizam|Mazdaizam]] * [[Zoroastrizam]] * [[Kršćanstvo|Hrišćanstvo]] * [[gnosticizam]] * [[Budizam]] == Reference == [[Kategorija:Historija religije]] [[Kategorija:Historija Irana]] o65qs67uyzgxtw9bfub6rukh2enzt3o 3426920 3426919 2022-08-01T14:46:06Z Mrjazz123 115638 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Manicheans.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Manicheans.jpg/200px-Manicheans.jpg|mini|295x295piksel| Ilustracija iz manihejskog rukopisa (8/9 vijek)]] '''Manihejstvo''' je učenje Manija (216-277), perzijskog filozofa i vjerskog reformatora, koji je nastojao da uključi učenja triju "oca pravednosti" - Zaratustre, [[Buda|Bude]] i Hrista - u jedinstven filozofski sistem <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref> . == Počeci manihejstva == Mani, osnivač manihejstva, rođen je 14. aprila 216. godine u Haldeji u Seleuciji - Ktesifonu. Prema predanju, njegovom ocu Pateku je jedan glas tri dana uzastopno nalagao da ne jede meso, da ne pije vino i da izbjegava žene. Uznemiren, Patek je prišao jednoj baptističkoj gnostičkoj sekti, Elkasaitima. Dijete se rodi kao bogalj (zapravo je bilo hromo). Kada je dječak napunio četiri godine, otac ga je uzeo da ga odgaja elkasaitskoj zajednici. Više od dvadeset godina Mani je rastao i formirao se u jednoj veoma revnosnom judeo-kršćanskom okruženju. Prema tome, udio kršćanskih elemenata u manihejskoj sintezi ne treba potcjenjivati. Pa ipak, Manijevo vjersko zvanje stoji u suprotnosti s teologijom, [[Eshatologija|eshatologijom]] i obredima kršćana. Doživeo je dva otkrivenja, jedno kada je imao 12, a drugo sa 24 godine, koja su mu pomogla da shvati kakva je njegova misija i osnažila ga da raskine sa sektom Elkasaita. Sam Mani nam je prenio sadržaj tih otkrivenja, objava. U prvom otkrivenju anđeo mu je prenio poruku "Kralja Raja svjetlosti" <ref>{{Cite book|last=Elijade|first=Mirča|title=Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)|publisher=|year=1991|isbn=|location=Beograd|pages=227}}</ref> (vrhovnog i dobrog Boga manihejstva), gdje je od njega zahtijevano da napusti zajednicu svog oca. U drugom otkrivenju, stigla mu je poruka da je vrijeme da preduzme akciju: "Sada je vrijeme da se javno pokažeš i da svoje učenje glasno objaviš." <ref>Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;227.</ref> Između 240. i 243. Mani je pošao na svoj prvi apostolski put u Indiju na poziv cara Shapura I, pa se Mani nastanio u Belaputu (Gundeshahpur), glavnom gradu Sasanida. Prorok je ostavio snažan utisak na Šapura i dozvolio mu je da propovijeda po cijelom carstvu zajedno sa svojim misionarima. Na ovaj način nova religija je zvanično priznata i pobožno sačuvan datum: 21. mart 242. godine (ili, prema drugom izveštaju, 9. april 243. godine). Aprila 272. godine Šapur I umire, a na presto dolazi njegov sin Hermizd, novi vladar je obnovio Manijinu zaštitnu povelju i dozvolio mu da ode u Haldeju. Međutim, nakon manje od godinu dana, Hermizd umire, a prijestolje pripada njegovom bratu Bahramu, koji je pozvao Manija da se pojavi pred njim. Čim je stigao, bio je izložen optužbama vrhovnog maga Kartera, koji je smatrao da učenje Manija odvraća vjernike od zvanične religije. Kada je Mani objavio božanski karakter svoje misije, Bahram je prasnuo: "A zašto bi to otkrivenje bilo dato tebi, a ne Nama, gospodarima zemlje?" <ref name="#1">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;228.</ref> Na ovo je Mani mogao samo da odgovori: "Takva je volja od Boga." <ref name="#1" /> Nakon toga je osuđen, okovan i bačen u tamnicu. Imao je tri lanca na rukama, tri na nogama koji su ga sprečavali da napravi i najmanji pokret, zbog čega je mnogo patio. Manijeva patnja, za koju su Manihejci koristili kršćanski izraz "raspeće", trajala je 26 dana. Međutim, proroku je dozvoljeno da primi svoje suvjernike, a u predanju su sačuvane brojne poučne epizode u nešto izmijenjenom obliku. Mani je umro 26. februara 277. godine. godine, u svojoj šezdesetoj godini. Njegovo tijelo je isječeno na komade, a glava izložena na gradskim kapijama. Odmah nakon prorokove smrti, Bahran je naredio nemilosrdno suzbijanje pokreta, iako se činilo da će manihejska crkva konačno prestati postojati, nastavila je da napreduje tokom stoljeća, šireći se na Iberijsko poluostrvo na zapadu i Kinu na istoku. == Manihejska gnoza == Manihejstvo je prvenstveno gnoza i, kao takav, predstavlja dio gnostičke struje. Za razliku od drugih osnivača sekti, Mani je pokušao stvoriti univerzalnu, pristupačnu [[Religija|religiju]], ne ograničavajući se na ezoterična učenja nametnuta isključivo posvećenicima. Prepoznao je vrijednosti nekih ranijih religija, ali je smatrao da one nisu potpune. S druge strane, on je izjavio da njegova Crkva uključuje ono što je osnovno u svim svetim knjigama i u svoj mudrosti: „Kao što se rijeka spaja s drugom rijekom da bi formirala jedan moćni tok, tako su u mojim Knjigama stare knjige sakupljene, u njima sakupila se velika Mudrost, kakve nije bilo među ljudima koji su do sada živjeli. " <ref name="#2">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;229.</ref> Mani pridaje veliki značaj Isusu i usvaja njegovu ideju o parakletu, teoriju o tranmigraciji duša posuđuje iz Indije, ali u najvećoj mjeri preuzima centralne iranske ideje, posebno ideju o dualizam Svetlost-tama, kao i eshatološki mit. Sinkretizam je bio karakterističan sindrom tog doba. U Manijevom slučaju, on je bio i taktička potreba. Želio je da se njegova Crkva širi s kraja na kraj [[Perzija|Perzijskog carstva]]. Stoga je bio primoran da koristi vjerski jezik koji je bio dostupan i istočnim i zapadnim područjima. I pored svega, uprkos naizgled heterogenim elementima, manihejstvo ima unutrašnje jedinstvo moćne i, iznad svega, originalne kreacije. Pošto je to bila univerzalna religija, poput [[Budizam|budizma]] i [[Kršćanstvo|kršćanstva]], manihejstvo je moralo biti, kao i te dvije Crkve, misionarska religija. Prema Maniju, propovjednik je dužan da "neprestano luta svijetom, propovijedajući učenja i vodeći ljude ka Istini". <ref name="#2" /> Za manihejstvo se može reći da je "religija knjige". <ref name="#2" /> Kako bi izbjegao nesuglasice i hereze koje su potresle [[zoroastrizam]], budizam i kršćanstvo, sam Mani je redigirao sedam rasprava koje čine kanon. Izuzev prve, Šabuhragan, koju je napisao na srednjopersijskom jeziku, ostale su pisane na sirijskom i istočnoaramejskom jeziku. Veoma malo je sačuvano iz tog ogromnog opusa i to samo u obliku prijevoda, no brojnost i raznolikost jezika na kojima su ti fragmenti stigli do nas ukazuju na to da je manihejsko učenje imalo uspjeha kao nijedno prije njega. Kao u svim gnosama, a isto tako je i u sankhja – jogi i budizmu, put ka oslobođenju vodi kroz dosljedno ispitivanje ljudske uslovljenosti. Zbog činjenice da živi na ovoj zemlji, to jest da egzistira inkarniran, čovjek pati, što će reći da je on žrtva Zla. Oslobođenje se može se postići samo kroz gnosu, jedinu pravu nauku, onu koja donosi spasenje. U skladu sa gnostičkom doktrinom, Kosmos kojim vlada to Zlo ne može biti djelo transcendentnog i dobrog Boga, već isključivo njegovog protivnika. Postojanje svijeta podrazumijeva, dakle, jedino prethodno, prekosmičko stanje, baš kao što patetična i griješna ljudska uslovljenost podrazumijeva prvobitno stanje blaženstva. Ono što je najvažnije u manihejskoj doktrini moguće je rezimirati u dvije formule: dva principa i tri trenutka. Međutim, te dvije formule predstavljaju također i osnov iranske postgatičke religioznosti. Stoga bi se moglo reći da manihejstvo predstavlja iransko izražavanje gnose u sinkretističkoj epohi. S jedne strane, Mani je nanovo interpretirao neke tradicionalne iranske koncepcije, s druge, on je u svoj sistem integrisao brojne elemente raznovrsnog porijekla (indijske, judeo-hrišćanske i gnostičke). Vjernicima manihejstvo nije pružalo samo pouke i soteriološke metode, već je ono, pored toga i prije svega, za njih predstavljalo totalnu i apsolutnu nauku. Spasenje je neminovna posljedica gnose. Spoznaja je isto što i anamneza: posvećeni vidi sebe kao česticu svjetlosti, vidi, dakle, svoju božansku prirodu, jer između Boga i duša postoji jedinstvo. Neznanje je rezultat miješanja duha i tijela, duha i materija. No, za Manija, kao i za druge gnostičke učitelje, spasonosna gnosa je sadržala i znanje tajne (ili zaboravljene historije kosmosa). Posvećeni će biti izbavljen, jer je on upućen u porijeklo Univerzuma, u uzrok zbog kojeg je čovjek stvoren, u metode koje koristi Vladar Tame, kao i u kontrametode koje je razradio Otac Svetlosti. Naučno objašnjenje nekih kosmičnih fenomena, a posebno mjesečnih mijena, ostavljalo je snažan utisak na savremenike. U stvari, u velikom kosmogonijskom i eshatološkom mitu koji je razradio Mani, Priroda i Život igraju značajnu ulogu: drama duše se odražava na morfologiju i sudbinu života u cjelini. <ref name="#3">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;230</ref> == Razvoj == [[Datoteka:ManichaeismSpread.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/ManichaeismSpread.jpg/380px-ManichaeismSpread.jpg|mini|380x380piksel| Širenje [[500.|manihejstva]] (oko [[300.|300-500]] godine).]] U 4. i 5. vijeku, manihejski pokret se proširio na istok kroz [[Kina|Kinu]] i na zapad kroz [[Rimsko Carstvo|Rimsko carstvo]]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071124133125/http://www.svetosavlje.org/biblioteka/Recnik/G.htm|title=[svetosavlje] Recnik|date=2007-11-24|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2022-08-01}}</ref> Odnos rimskih vlasti prema manihejstvu bio je neprijateljski, a manihejski pokret bio je podvrgnut okrutnoj represiji i progonu. [[Dioklecijan|Car Dioklecijan]] je izdao zakone protiv njih jer su se protivili zvaničnoj državnoj vjeri, posebno kultu cara kao božanstva. Kasnije su hrišćanski carevi, [[Teodozije I Veliki]] (379-395), Valentinijan III, Teodozije II i [[Justinijan I]], suzbili manihejstvo zakonima. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm|title=Arhivirana kopija|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305152155/http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm#|archive-date=05. 03. 2016|url-status=dead|access-date=08. 03. 2008}}</ref> Manijevo učenje poslužilo je kao moćna inspiracija raznim [[Gnosticizam|gnostičkim]] i kršćanskim zajednicama. Manijeva religija se proširila širom sjeverne Afrike duž Sredozemnog mora sve do Španije. Čuveni crkveni otac [[Aurelije Augustin|Sveti Avgustin]], prije nego što se preobratio, bio je deset godina manihejac. Na istoku se Manijev uticaj osjetio na Tibetu, te je na taj način prodro u Kinu, a potom i u nestorijansko kršćanstvo <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref>. U srednjovjekovnoj Evropi, bogumilski i katarski pokreti bili su pod snažnim manihejskim uticajem. Mnoga [[Apokrifni tekstovi|apokrifna]] kršćanska djela, kao što je Evanđelje po Tomi, sačuvana su preko Manijevih učenika, koja bi inače bila izgubljena. == Kršćanska procjena manihejstva == Manihejstvo – hereza, predstavlja pokušaj spajanja kršćanstva sa principima perzijske religije Zoroaster, koja propovijeda dualizam, tj. da su uvijek postojala dva nezavisna načela ili carstva. Prema učenju manihejaca, Hrist je samo svetleći eon (duh), koji je izašao izlivanjem od Oca svetlosti. Jedna polovina takvog Hrista bi, takoreći, bila progutana materijom i sačinjavala dušu vidljivog svijeta, takozvanog Isusa koji pati; a druga polovina se, uz pomoć drugog eona - Životvornog Duha, oslobodila materije i nastanila na suncu; to je takozvani besmrtni Isus. Utjelovljenje Krista, prema manihejskom učenju, je silazak sa sunca besmrtnog Isusa radi oslobođenja Isusa koji pati. A ova inkarnacija Hrista je bila samo prividna (doketizam). Sa moralne tačke gledišta, manihejstvo je propovijedalo borbu sa materijom radi oslobođenja od nje, putem postepenog umrtvljivanja tijela u sebi. Manihejska hereza bila je posebno raširena u četvrtom i petom vijeku.<nowiki></br></nowiki> (Iz "Žitija svetih" Ave Justin) == Literatura == * Mirča Eliade, Istorija verovanja i verskih ideja (tom 2) Beograd, 1991. str. 227-230. == Izvori == == Vidjeti više == * Mani * [[Zoroastrizam|Mazdaizam]] * [[Zoroastrizam]] * [[Kršćanstvo|Hrišćanstvo]] * [[gnosticizam]] * [[Budizam]] == Reference == [[Kategorija:Historija religije]] [[Kategorija:Historija Irana]] m23f3z0wm2t9y1bglnr6sqvk16k0s7t 3426921 3426920 2022-08-01T14:55:29Z Mrjazz123 115638 /* Počeci manihejstva */ wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Manicheans.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Manicheans.jpg/200px-Manicheans.jpg|mini|354x354px| Ilustracija iz manihejskog rukopisa (8/9 vijek)]] '''Manihejstvo''' je učenje Manija (216-277), perzijskog filozofa i vjerskog reformatora, koji je nastojao da uključi učenja triju "oca pravednosti" - Zaratustre, [[Buda|Bude]] i Hrista - u jedinstven filozofski sistem <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref> . == Počeci manihejstva == Mani, osnivač manihejstva, rođen je 14. aprila 216. godine u Haldeji u Seleuciji - Ktesifonu. Prema predanju, njegovom ocu Pateku je jedan glas tri dana uzastopno nalagao da ne jede meso, da ne pije vino i da izbjegava žene. Uznemiren, Patek je prišao jednoj baptističkoj gnostičkoj sekti, Elkasaitima. Dijete se rodi kao bogalj (zapravo je bilo hromo). Kada je dječak napunio četiri godine, otac ga je uzeo da ga odgaja elkasaitskoj zajednici. Više od dvadeset godina Mani je rastao i formirao se u jednoj veoma revnosnom judeo-kršćanskom okruženju. Prema tome, udio kršćanskih elemenata u manihejskoj sintezi ne treba potcjenjivati. Pa ipak, Manijevo vjersko zvanje stoji u suprotnosti s teologijom, [[Eshatologija|eshatologijom]] i obredima kršćana. Doživeo je dva otkrivenja, jedno kada je imao 12, a drugo sa 24 godine, koja su mu pomogla da shvati kakva je njegova misija i osnažila ga da raskine sa sektom Elkasaita. Sam Mani nam je prenio sadržaj tih otkrivenja, objava. U prvom otkrivenju anđeo mu je prenio poruku "Kralja Raja svjetlosti" <ref>{{Cite book|last=Elijade|first=Mirča|title=Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)|publisher=|year=1991|isbn=|location=Beograd|pages=227}}</ref> (vrhovnog i dobrog Boga manihejstva), gdje je od njega zahtijevano da napusti zajednicu svog oca. U drugom otkrivenju, stigla mu je poruka da je vrijeme da preduzme akciju: "Sada je vrijeme da se javno pokažeš i da svoje učenje glasno objaviš." <ref>Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;227.</ref> Između 240. i 243. Mani je pošao na svoj prvi apostolski put u Indiju na poziv cara Shapura I, pa se Mani nastanio u Belaputu (Gundeshahpur), glavnom gradu [[Sasanidsko Carstvo|Sasanida]]. Prorok je ostavio snažan utisak na Shapura i dozvolio mu je da propovijeda po cijelom carstvu zajedno sa svojim misionarima. Na ovaj način nova religija je zvanično priznata i pobožno sačuvan datum: 21. mart 242. godine (ili, prema drugom izveštaju, 9. april 243. godine). Aprila 272. godine Shapur I umire, a na presto dolazi njegov sin Hermizd, novi vladar je obnovio Manijinu zaštitnu povelju i dozvolio mu da ode u Haldeju. Međutim, nakon manje od godinu dana, Hermizd umire, a prijestolje pripada njegovom bratu Bahramu, koji je pozvao Manija da se pojavi pred njim. Čim je stigao, bio je izložen optužbama vrhovnog maga Kartera, koji je smatrao da učenje Manija odvraća vjernike od zvanične religije. Kada je Mani objavio božanski karakter svoje misije, Bahram je prasnuo: "A zašto bi to otkrivenje bilo dato tebi, a ne Nama, gospodarima zemlje?" <ref name="#1">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;228.</ref> Na ovo je Mani mogao samo da odgovori: "Takva je volja od Boga." <ref name="#1" /> Nakon toga je osuđen, okovan i bačen u tamnicu. Imao je tri lanca na rukama, tri na nogama koji su ga sprečavali da napravi i najmanji pokret, zbog čega je mnogo patio. Manijeva patnja, za koju su Manihejci koristili kršćanski izraz "raspeće", trajala je 26 dana. Međutim, proroku je dozvoljeno da primi svoje suvjernike, a u predanju su sačuvane brojne poučne epizode u nešto izmijenjenom obliku. Mani je umro 26. februara 277. godine. godine, u svojoj šezdesetoj godini. Njegovo tijelo je isječeno na komade, a glava izložena na gradskim kapijama. Odmah nakon prorokove smrti, Bahran je naredio nemilosrdno suzbijanje pokreta, iako se činilo da će manihejska crkva konačno prestati postojati, nastavila je da napreduje tokom stoljeća, šireći se na Iberijsko poluostrvo na zapadu i Kinu na istoku. == Manihejska gnoza == Manihejstvo je prvenstveno gnoza i, kao takav, predstavlja dio gnostičke struje. Za razliku od drugih osnivača sekti, Mani je pokušao stvoriti univerzalnu, pristupačnu [[Religija|religiju]], ne ograničavajući se na ezoterična učenja nametnuta isključivo posvećenicima. Prepoznao je vrijednosti nekih ranijih religija, ali je smatrao da one nisu potpune. S druge strane, on je izjavio da njegova Crkva uključuje ono što je osnovno u svim svetim knjigama i u svoj mudrosti: „Kao što se rijeka spaja s drugom rijekom da bi formirala jedan moćni tok, tako su u mojim Knjigama stare knjige sakupljene, u njima sakupila se velika Mudrost, kakve nije bilo među ljudima koji su do sada živjeli. " <ref name="#2">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;229.</ref> Mani pridaje veliki značaj Isusu i usvaja njegovu ideju o parakletu, teoriju o transmigraciji duša posuđuje iz Indije, ali u najvećoj mjeri preuzima centralne iranske ideje, posebno ideju o dualizam Svetlost-tama, kao i eshatološki mit. Sinkretizam je bio karakterističan sindrom tog doba. U Manijevom slučaju, on je bio i taktička potreba. Želio je da se njegova Crkva širi s kraja na kraj [[Perzija|Perzijskog carstva]]. Stoga je bio primoran da koristi vjerski jezik koji je bio dostupan i istočnim i zapadnim područjima. I pored svega, uprkos naizgled heterogenim elementima, manihejstvo ima unutrašnje jedinstvo moćne i, iznad svega, originalne kreacije. Pošto je to bila univerzalna religija, poput [[Budizam|budizma]] i [[Kršćanstvo|kršćanstva]], manihejstvo je moralo biti, kao i te dvije Crkve, misionarska religija. Prema Maniju, propovjednik je dužan da "neprestano luta svijetom, propovijedajući učenja i vodeći ljude ka Istini". <ref name="#2" /> Za manihejstvo se može reći da je "religija knjige". <ref name="#2" /> Kako bi izbjegao nesuglasice i hereze koje su potresle [[zoroastrizam]], budizam i kršćanstvo, sam Mani je redigirao sedam rasprava koje čine kanon. Izuzev prve, Šabuhragan, koju je napisao na srednjopersijskom jeziku, ostale su pisane na sirijskom i istočnoaramejskom jeziku. Veoma malo je sačuvano iz tog ogromnog opusa i to samo u obliku prijevoda, no brojnost i raznolikost jezika na kojima su ti fragmenti stigli do nas ukazuju na to da je manihejsko učenje imalo uspjeha kao nijedno prije njega. Kao u svim gnosama, a isto tako je i u sankhja – jogi i budizmu, put ka oslobođenju vodi kroz dosljedno ispitivanje ljudske uslovljenosti. Zbog činjenice da živi na ovoj zemlji, to jest da egzistira inkarniran, čovjek pati, što će reći da je on žrtva Zla. Oslobođenje se može se postići samo kroz gnosu, jedinu pravu nauku, onu koja donosi spasenje. U skladu sa gnostičkom doktrinom, Kosmos kojim vlada to Zlo ne može biti djelo transcendentnog i dobrog Boga, već isključivo njegovog protivnika. Postojanje svijeta podrazumijeva, dakle, jedino prethodno, prekosmičko stanje, baš kao što patetična i griješna ljudska uslovljenost podrazumijeva prvobitno stanje blaženstva. Ono što je najvažnije u manihejskoj doktrini moguće je rezimirati u dvije formule: dva principa i tri trenutka. Međutim, te dvije formule predstavljaju također i osnov iranske postgatičke religioznosti. Stoga bi se moglo reći da manihejstvo predstavlja iransko izražavanje gnose u sinkretističkoj epohi. S jedne strane, Mani je nanovo interpretirao neke tradicionalne iranske koncepcije, s druge, on je u svoj sistem integrisao brojne elemente raznovrsnog porijekla (indijske, judeo-hrišćanske i gnostičke). Vjernicima manihejstvo nije pružalo samo pouke i soteriološke metode, već je ono, pored toga i prije svega, za njih predstavljalo totalnu i apsolutnu nauku. Spasenje je neminovna posljedica gnose. Spoznaja je isto što i anamneza: posvećeni vidi sebe kao česticu svjetlosti, vidi, dakle, svoju božansku prirodu, jer između Boga i duša postoji jedinstvo. Neznanje je rezultat miješanja duha i tijela, duha i materija. No, za Manija, kao i za druge gnostičke učitelje, spasonosna gnosa je sadržala i znanje tajne (ili zaboravljene historije kosmosa). Posvećeni će biti izbavljen, jer je on upućen u porijeklo Univerzuma, u uzrok zbog kojeg je čovjek stvoren, u metode koje koristi Vladar Tame, kao i u kontrametode koje je razradio Otac Svetlosti. Naučno objašnjenje nekih kosmičnih fenomena, a posebno mjesečnih mijena, ostavljalo je snažan utisak na savremenike. U stvari, u velikom kosmogonijskom i eshatološkom mitu koji je razradio Mani, Priroda i Život igraju značajnu ulogu: drama duše se odražava na morfologiju i sudbinu života u cjelini. <ref name="#3">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;230</ref> == Razvoj == [[Datoteka:ManichaeismSpread.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/ManichaeismSpread.jpg/380px-ManichaeismSpread.jpg|mini|380x380piksel| Širenje [[500.|manihejstva]] (oko [[300.|300-500]] godine).]] U 4. i 5. vijeku, manihejski pokret se proširio na istok kroz [[Kina|Kinu]] i na zapad kroz [[Rimsko Carstvo|Rimsko carstvo]]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071124133125/http://www.svetosavlje.org/biblioteka/Recnik/G.htm|title=[svetosavlje] Recnik|date=2007-11-24|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2022-08-01}}</ref> Odnos rimskih vlasti prema manihejstvu bio je neprijateljski, a manihejski pokret bio je podvrgnut okrutnoj represiji i progonu. [[Dioklecijan|Car Dioklecijan]] je izdao zakone (edikte) protiv njih jer su se protivili zvaničnoj državnoj vjeri, posebno kultu cara kao božanstva. Kasnije su hrišćanski carevi, [[Teodozije I Veliki]] (379-395), Valentinijan III, Teodozije II i [[Justinijan I]], suzbili manihejstvo zakonima. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm|title=Arhivirana kopija|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305152155/http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm#|archive-date=05. 03. 2016|url-status=dead|access-date=08. 03. 2008}}</ref> Manijevo učenje poslužilo je kao moćna inspiracija raznim [[Gnosticizam|gnostičkim]] i kršćanskim zajednicama. Manijeva religija se proširila širom sjeverne Afrike duž Sredozemnog mora sve do [[Španija|Španije]]. Čuveni crkveni otac [[Aurelije Augustin|Sveti Avgustin]], prije nego što se preobratio, bio je deset godina manihejac. Na istoku se Manijev uticaj osjetio na [[Tibet|Tibetu]], te je na taj način prodro u [[Kina|Kinu]], a potom i u nestorijansko kršćanstvo <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref>. U srednjovjekovnoj Evropi, [[Bogumili|bogumilski]] i [[Katari|katarski]] pokreti bili su pod snažnim manihejskim uticajem. Mnoga [[Apokrifni tekstovi|apokrifna]] kršćanska djela, kao što je Evanđelje po Tomi, sačuvana su preko Manijevih učenika, koja bi inače bila izgubljena. == Kršćanska procjena manihejstva == Manihejstvo – hereza, predstavlja pokušaj spajanja kršćanstva sa principima perzijske religije Zoroaster, koja propovijeda dualizam, tj. da su uvijek postojala dva nezavisna načela ili carstva. Prema učenju manihejaca, Hrist je samo svijetleći eon (duh), koji je izašao izlivanjem od Oca svetlosti. Jedna polovina takvog Krista bi, takoreći, bila progutana materijom i sačinjavala dušu vidljivog svijeta, takozvanog Isusa koji pati; a druga polovina se, uz pomoć drugog eona - Životvornog Duha, oslobodila materije i nastanila na suncu; to je takozvani besmrtni Isus. Utjelovljenje Krista, prema manihejskom učenju, je silazak sa sunca besmrtnog Isusa radi oslobođenja Isusa koji pati. A ova inkarnacija Krista je bila samo prividna (doketizam). Sa moralne tačke gledišta, manihejstvo je propovijedalo borbu sa materijom radi oslobođenja od nje, putem postepenog umrtvljivanja tijela u sebi. Manihejska hereza bila je posebno raširena u četvrtom i petom vijeku. == Literatura == * Mirča Eliade, Istorija verovanja i verskih ideja (tom 2) Beograd, 1991. str. 227-230. == Izvori == == Vidjeti više == * Mani * [[Zoroastrizam|Mazdaizam]] * [[Zoroastrizam]] * [[Kršćanstvo|Hrišćanstvo]] * [[gnosticizam]] * [[Budizam]] == Reference == [[Kategorija:Historija religije]] [[Kategorija:Historija Irana]] g53er0p21fh0reuryinfgl82d3zmzuf 3426922 3426921 2022-08-01T15:10:03Z Mrjazz123 115638 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Manicheans.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Manicheans.jpg/200px-Manicheans.jpg|mini|354x354px| Ilustracija iz manihejskog rukopisa (8/9 vijek)]] '''Manihejstvo''' je učenje Manija (216-277), perzijskog filozofa i vjerskog reformatora, koji je nastojao da uključi učenja triju "oca pravednosti" - Zaratustre, [[Buda|Bude]] i Hrista - u jedinstven filozofski sistem <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref> . == Počeci manihejstva == Mani, osnivač manihejstva, rođen je 14. aprila 216. godine u Haldeji u Seleuciji - Ktesifonu. Prema predanju, njegovom ocu Pateku je jedan glas tri dana uzastopno nalagao da ne jede meso, da ne pije vino i da izbjegava žene. Uznemiren, Patek je prišao jednoj baptističkoj gnostičkoj sekti, Elkasaitima. Dijete se rodi kao bogalj (zapravo je bilo hromo). Kada je dječak napunio četiri godine, otac ga je uzeo da ga odgaja elkasaitskoj zajednici. Više od dvadeset godina Mani je rastao i formirao se u jednoj veoma revnosnom judeo-kršćanskom okruženju. Prema tome, udio kršćanskih elemenata u manihejskoj sintezi ne treba potcjenjivati. Pa ipak, Manijevo vjersko zvanje stoji u suprotnosti s teologijom, [[Eshatologija|eshatologijom]] i obredima kršćana. Doživeo je dva otkrivenja, jedno kada je imao 12, a drugo sa 24 godine, koja su mu pomogla da shvati kakva je njegova misija i osnažila ga da raskine sa sektom Elkasaita. Sam Mani nam je prenio sadržaj tih otkrivenja, objava. U prvom otkrivenju anđeo mu je prenio poruku "Kralja Raja svjetlosti" <ref>{{Cite book|last=Elijade|first=Mirča|title=Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)|publisher=|year=1991|isbn=|location=Beograd|pages=227}}</ref> (vrhovnog i dobrog Boga manihejstva), gdje je od njega zahtijevano da napusti zajednicu svog oca. U drugom otkrivenju, stigla mu je poruka da je vrijeme da preduzme akciju: "Sada je vrijeme da se javno pokažeš i da svoje učenje glasno objaviš." <ref>Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;227.</ref> Između 240. i 243. Mani je pošao na svoj prvi apostolski put u Indiju na poziv cara Shapura I, pa se Mani nastanio u Belaputu (Gundeshahpur), glavnom gradu [[Sasanidsko Carstvo|Sasanida]]. Prorok je ostavio snažan utisak na Shapura i dozvolio mu je da propovijeda po cijelom carstvu zajedno sa svojim misionarima. Na ovaj način nova religija je zvanično priznata i pobožno sačuvan datum: 21. mart 242. godine (ili, prema drugom izveštaju, 9. april 243. godine). Aprila 272. godine Shapur I umire, a na presto dolazi njegov sin Hermizd, novi vladar je obnovio Manijinu zaštitnu povelju i dozvolio mu da ode u Haldeju. Međutim, nakon manje od godinu dana, Hermizd umire, a prijestolje pripada njegovom bratu Bahramu, koji je pozvao Manija da se pojavi pred njim. Čim je stigao, bio je izložen optužbama vrhovnog maga Kartera, koji je smatrao da učenje Manija odvraća vjernike od zvanične religije. Kada je Mani objavio božanski karakter svoje misije, Bahram je prasnuo: "A zašto bi to otkrivenje bilo dato tebi, a ne Nama, gospodarima zemlje?" <ref name="#1">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;228.</ref> Na ovo je Mani mogao samo da odgovori: "Takva je volja od Boga." <ref name="#1" /> Nakon toga je osuđen, okovan i bačen u tamnicu. Imao je tri lanca na rukama, tri na nogama koji su ga sprečavali da napravi i najmanji pokret, zbog čega je mnogo patio. Manijeva patnja, za koju su Manihejci koristili kršćanski izraz "raspeće", trajala je 26 dana. Međutim, proroku je dozvoljeno da primi svoje suvjernike, a u predanju su sačuvane brojne poučne epizode u nešto izmijenjenom obliku. Mani je umro 26. februara 277. godine. godine, u svojoj šezdesetoj godini. Njegovo tijelo je isječeno na komade, a glava izložena na gradskim kapijama. Odmah nakon prorokove smrti, Bahran je naredio nemilosrdno suzbijanje pokreta, iako se činilo da će manihejska crkva konačno prestati postojati, nastavila je da napreduje tokom stoljeća, šireći se na Iberijsko poluostrvo na zapadu i Kinu na istoku. == Manihejska gnoza == Manihejstvo je prvenstveno gnoza i, kao takav, predstavlja dio gnostičke struje. Za razliku od drugih osnivača sekti, Mani je pokušao stvoriti univerzalnu, pristupačnu [[Religija|religiju]], ne ograničavajući se na ezoterična učenja nametnuta isključivo posvećenicima. Prepoznao je vrijednosti nekih ranijih religija, ali je smatrao da one nisu potpune. S druge strane, on je izjavio da njegova Crkva uključuje ono što je osnovno u svim svetim knjigama i u svoj mudrosti: „Kao što se rijeka spaja s drugom rijekom da bi formirala jedan moćni tok, tako su u mojim Knjigama stare knjige sakupljene, u njima sakupila se velika Mudrost, kakve nije bilo među ljudima koji su do sada živjeli. " <ref name="#2">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;229.</ref> Mani pridaje veliki značaj Isusu i usvaja njegovu ideju o parakletu, teoriju o transmigraciji duša posuđuje iz Indije, ali u najvećoj mjeri preuzima centralne iranske ideje, posebno ideju o dualizam Svetlost-tama, kao i eshatološki mit. Sinkretizam je bio karakterističan sindrom tog doba. U Manijevom slučaju, on je bio i taktička potreba. Želio je da se njegova Crkva širi s kraja na kraj [[Perzija|Perzijskog carstva]]. Stoga je bio primoran da koristi vjerski jezik koji je bio dostupan i istočnim i zapadnim područjima. I pored svega, uprkos naizgled heterogenim elementima, manihejstvo ima unutrašnje jedinstvo moćne i, iznad svega, originalne kreacije. Pošto je to bila univerzalna religija, poput [[Budizam|budizma]] i [[Kršćanstvo|kršćanstva]], manihejstvo je moralo biti, kao i te dvije Crkve, misionarska religija. Prema Maniju, propovjednik je dužan da "neprestano luta svijetom, propovijedajući učenja i vodeći ljude ka Istini". <ref name="#2" /> Za manihejstvo se može reći da je "religija knjige". <ref name="#2" /> Kako bi izbjegao nesuglasice i hereze koje su potresle [[zoroastrizam]], budizam i kršćanstvo, sam Mani je redigirao sedam rasprava koje čine kanon. Izuzev prve, Šabuhragan, koju je napisao na srednjopersijskom jeziku, ostale su pisane na sirijskom i istočnoaramejskom jeziku. Veoma malo je sačuvano iz tog ogromnog opusa i to samo u obliku prijevoda, no brojnost i raznolikost jezika na kojima su ti fragmenti stigli do nas ukazuju na to da je manihejsko učenje imalo uspjeha kao nijedno prije njega. Kao u svim gnosama, a isto tako je i u sankhja – jogi i budizmu, put ka oslobođenju vodi kroz dosljedno ispitivanje ljudske uslovljenosti. Zbog činjenice da živi na ovoj zemlji, to jest da egzistira inkarniran, čovjek pati, što će reći da je on žrtva Zla. Oslobođenje se može se postići samo kroz gnosu, jedinu pravu nauku, onu koja donosi spasenje. U skladu sa gnostičkom doktrinom, Kosmos kojim vlada to Zlo ne može biti djelo transcendentnog i dobrog Boga, već isključivo njegovog protivnika. Postojanje svijeta podrazumijeva, dakle, jedino prethodno, prekosmičko stanje, baš kao što patetična i griješna ljudska uslovljenost podrazumijeva prvobitno stanje blaženstva. Ono što je najvažnije u manihejskoj doktrini moguće je rezimirati u dvije formule: dva principa i tri trenutka. Međutim, te dvije formule predstavljaju također i osnov iranske postgatičke religioznosti. Stoga bi se moglo reći da manihejstvo predstavlja iransko izražavanje gnose u sinkretističkoj epohi. S jedne strane, Mani je nanovo interpretirao neke tradicionalne iranske koncepcije, s druge, on je u svoj sistem integrisao brojne elemente raznovrsnog porijekla (indijske, judeo-hrišćanske i gnostičke). Vjernicima manihejstvo nije pružalo samo pouke i soteriološke metode, već je ono, pored toga i prije svega, za njih predstavljalo totalnu i apsolutnu nauku. Spasenje je neminovna posljedica gnose. Spoznaja je isto što i anamneza: posvećeni vidi sebe kao česticu svjetlosti, vidi, dakle, svoju božansku prirodu, jer između Boga i duša postoji jedinstvo. Neznanje je rezultat miješanja duha i tijela, duha i materija. No, za Manija, kao i za druge gnostičke učitelje, spasonosna gnosa je sadržala i znanje tajne (ili zaboravljene historije kosmosa). Posvećeni će biti izbavljen, jer je on upućen u porijeklo Univerzuma, u uzrok zbog kojeg je čovjek stvoren, u metode koje koristi Vladar Tame, kao i u kontrametode koje je razradio Otac Svetlosti. Naučno objašnjenje nekih kosmičnih fenomena, a posebno mjesečnih mijena, ostavljalo je snažan utisak na savremenike. U stvari, u velikom kosmogonijskom i eshatološkom mitu koji je razradio Mani, Priroda i Život igraju značajnu ulogu: drama duše se odražava na morfologiju i sudbinu života u cjelini. <ref name="#3">Elijade, Mirča (1991). ''Istorija vjerovanja i religijskih ideja (tom 2)''. Beograd. str.&nbsp;230</ref> == Razvoj == [[Datoteka:ManichaeismSpread.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/ManichaeismSpread.jpg/380px-ManichaeismSpread.jpg|mini|380x380piksel| Širenje [[500.|manihejstva]] (oko [[300.|300-500]] godine).]] U 4. i 5. vijeku, manihejski pokret se proširio na istok kroz [[Kina|Kinu]] i na zapad kroz [[Rimsko Carstvo|Rimsko carstvo]]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071124133125/http://www.svetosavlje.org/biblioteka/Recnik/G.htm|title=[svetosavlje] Recnik|date=2007-11-24|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2022-08-01}}</ref> Odnos rimskih vlasti prema manihejstvu bio je neprijateljski, a manihejski pokret bio je podvrgnut okrutnoj represiji i progonu. [[Dioklecijan|Car Dioklecijan]] je izdao zakone (edikte) protiv njih jer su se protivili zvaničnoj državnoj vjeri, posebno kultu cara kao božanstva. Kasnije su hrišćanski carevi, [[Teodozije I Veliki]] (379-395), Valentinijan III, Teodozije II i [[Justinijan I]], suzbili manihejstvo zakonima. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm|title=Arhivirana kopija|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305152155/http://www.verujem.org/teologija/epifanije_manihejstvo.htm#|archive-date=05. 03. 2016|url-status=dead|access-date=08. 03. 2008}}</ref> Manijevo učenje poslužilo je kao moćna inspiracija raznim [[Gnosticizam|gnostičkim]] i kršćanskim zajednicama. Manijeva religija se proširila širom sjeverne Afrike duž Sredozemnog mora sve do [[Španija|Španije]]. Čuveni crkveni otac [[Aurelije Augustin|Sveti Avgustin]], prije nego što se preobratio, bio je deset godina manihejac. Na istoku se Manijev uticaj osjetio na [[Tibet|Tibetu]], te je na taj način prodro u [[Kina|Kinu]], a potom i u nestorijansko kršćanstvo <ref name="autogenerated1">Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.</ref>. U srednjovjekovnoj Evropi, [[Bogumili|bogumilski]] i [[Katari|katarski]] pokreti bili su pod snažnim manihejskim uticajem. Rašireno je mišljenje među mnogim historičarima da je i [[Crkva bosanska]] jedan od mnogih izdanaka manihejstva. Mnoga [[Apokrifni tekstovi|apokrifna]] kršćanska djela, kao što je Evanđelje po Tomi, sačuvana su preko Manijevih učenika, koja bi inače bila izgubljena. == Kršćanska procjena manihejstva == Manihejstvo – hereza, predstavlja pokušaj spajanja kršćanstva sa principima perzijske religije Zoroaster, koja propovijeda dualizam, tj. da su uvijek postojala dva nezavisna načela ili carstva. Prema učenju manihejaca, Hrist je samo svijetleći eon (duh), koji je izašao izlivanjem od Oca svetlosti. Jedna polovina takvog Krista bi, takoreći, bila progutana materijom i sačinjavala dušu vidljivog svijeta, takozvanog Isusa koji pati; a druga polovina se, uz pomoć drugog eona - Životvornog Duha, oslobodila materije i nastanila na suncu; to je takozvani besmrtni Isus. Utjelovljenje Krista, prema manihejskom učenju, je silazak sa sunca besmrtnog Isusa radi oslobođenja Isusa koji pati. A ova inkarnacija Krista je bila samo prividna (doketizam). Sa moralne tačke gledišta, manihejstvo je propovijedalo borbu sa materijom radi oslobođenja od nje, putem postepenog umrtvljivanja tijela u sebi. Manihejska hereza bila je posebno raširena u četvrtom i petom vijeku. == Literatura == * Mirča Eliade, Istorija verovanja i verskih ideja (tom 2) Beograd, 1991. str. 227-230. == Izvori == == Vidjeti više == * Mani * [[Zoroastrizam|Mazdaizam]] * [[Zoroastrizam]] * [[Kršćanstvo|Hrišćanstvo]] * [[gnosticizam]] * [[Budizam]] == Reference == [[Kategorija:Historija religije]] [[Kategorija:Historija Irana]] h6vt8arzf62h6hdg0cbifubx2d68nqf 10 492501 3426928 2022-08-01T18:18:30Z KWiki 9400 Nova stranica: [[Datoteka:Michael VIII Palaiologos (head).jpg|mini|150px|desno]] '''Bizantijska umjetnost tokom egzila (1204–1261) i vladavine dinastije Paleolog''' bilo je razdoblje [[Bizantijska umjetnost|bizantijske umjetnosti]] povezano s postojanjem [[Nikejsko Carstvo|Nikejskog Carstva]], te drugih država nasljednica [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]] i s vladavinom posljednjeg cara [[Konstantin XI|Konstantina XI]] iz dinastije Paleolog u obnovljenom Bizantijskom Carstvu i... wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Michael VIII Palaiologos (head).jpg|mini|150px|desno]] '''Bizantijska umjetnost tokom egzila (1204–1261) i vladavine dinastije Paleolog''' bilo je razdoblje [[Bizantijska umjetnost|bizantijske umjetnosti]] povezano s postojanjem [[Nikejsko Carstvo|Nikejskog Carstva]], te drugih država nasljednica [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]] i s vladavinom posljednjeg cara [[Konstantin XI|Konstantina XI]] iz dinastije Paleolog u obnovljenom Bizantijskom Carstvu između 1204. i 1453. Vladavina Paleologa bila je obilježena obnovom propadajućeg carstva i svijesti o državnoj i nacionalnoj kulturi. Figurativne umjetnosti, posebno religijsko slikarstvo, doživjele su posljednje zlatno razdoblje u vrijeme Paleologa. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavile približavanje kraja bizantijske države, grčke radionice u kojima su radili mozaičari, slikari i kipari i dalje su bile vrlo zauzete i narudžba nije nedostajalo. jh3ctodj0muj03t78f8p7810qsmylw8 3427019 3426928 2022-08-02T08:52:46Z Semso98 54573 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Datoteka:Michael VIII Palaiologos (head).jpg|160px|desno|Car Mihael VIII Paleolog, utemeljitelj posljednje vladarske dinastije Bizantijskog Carstva.]] '''Bizantijska umjetnost tokom egzila (1204–1261) i vladavine dinastije Paleolog''' bilo je razdoblje [[Bizantijska umjetnost|bizantijske umjetnosti]] povezano s postojanjem [[Nikejsko Carstvo|Nikejskog Carstva]], te drugih država nasljednica [[Bizantijsko Carstvo|Bizantijskog Carstva]] i s vladavinom posljednjeg cara [[Konstantin XI|Konstantina XI]] iz dinastije Paleolog u obnovljenom Bizantijskom Carstvu između 1204. i 1453. Vladavina Paleologa bila je obilježena obnovom propadajućeg carstva i svijesti o državnoj i nacionalnoj kulturi. Figurativne umjetnosti, posebno religijsko slikarstvo, doživjele su posljednje zlatno razdoblje u vrijeme Paleologa. Uprkos političkim poteškoćama koje su najavile približavanje kraja bizantijske države, grčke radionice u kojima su radili mozaičari, slikari i kipari i dalje su bile vrlo zauzete i narudžba nije nedostajalo. s7q9l0pa6y49rgb4a99hmxh47jrtidb 0 492502 3426932 2022-08-01T18:25:27Z Nerko65 55647 Nova stranica: {{Izmjene u toku}} {{U začetku}} '''Sienska škola''' je dio [[italija]]nske slikarske tradicije koja je svoj vrhunac razvoja dostigla u gradu [[Siena|Sieni]] tokom kasnog [[Srednji vijek|srednjeg vijeka]] između 13. i 15. vijeka. Tokom tog perioda bila je takmac [[Rim]]u i [[Firenca|Firenci]] u umjetničkom stvaralaštvu i jedno od najznačajnijih italijanskih slikarskih središta. Tokom 13. i prve polovine 14. vijeka imala je nadmoćniju slikarsku školu u odnosu na ostal... wikitext text/x-wiki {{Izmjene u toku}} {{U začetku}} '''Sienska škola''' je dio [[italija]]nske slikarske tradicije koja je svoj vrhunac razvoja dostigla u gradu [[Siena|Sieni]] tokom kasnog [[Srednji vijek|srednjeg vijeka]] između 13. i 15. vijeka. Tokom tog perioda bila je takmac [[Rim]]u i [[Firenca|Firenci]] u umjetničkom stvaralaštvu i jedno od najznačajnijih italijanskih slikarskih središta. Tokom 13. i prve polovine 14. vijeka imala je nadmoćniju slikarsku školu u odnosu na ostale italijanske gradove, gdje su neki od njenih najznačajnijih predstavnika uradili djela za rivalsku Firencu, kao naprimjer [[Duccio di Buoninsegna]] sa njegovom ''"Madonom Rucellai"'' iz 1285 - 86. Upravo je Duccio kao jedan od osnivača sienske škole, zajedno sa [[Pietro Cavallini|Pietrom Cavalliniem]] i [[Cimabue]]om, najznačajniji italijanski slikarski predstavnik (do dolaska [[Giotto di Bondone|Giottoa]]), koji je u neohelenističku [[Bizantijska umjetnost|umjetnost Bizantije]] unio italijansku aromu. Kombinacija ekonomskog pada, izazvanog [[Kuga|kugom]] iz 1348. koja je pokosila većinu stanovnika Siene i političke nestabilnosti tokom druge polovine 14. vijeka, dovela je do velikog pada kvaliteta slikarske umjetnosti od kojeg se Siena nije nikad u poptunosti oporavila. <ref> F. M. Godfrey, ''History of Italian Painting 1250 - 1800'', Taplinger Publishing Co., Inc. New York, 1965, Library of Congress Catalogue Number 65-16699, str. 1 - 4 </ref> == Historijski okvir == == 13. vijek == == 14. vijek == == 15. vijek == == Popis umjetnika == === 1251 - 1300 === * [[Guido da Siena]] === 1301 - 1350 === * [[Duccio di Buoninsegna]] * [[Segna di Bonaventura]] * [[Niccolò di Segna]] * [[Simone Martini]] * [[Lippo Memmi]] * [[Naddo Ceccarelli]] * [[Ambrogio Lorenzetti]] * [[Pietro Lorenzetti]] * [[Bartolomeo Bulgarini]] * [[Ugolino di Nerio]] * [[Lippo Vanni]] === 1351 - 1400 === * [[Bartolo di Fredi]] * [[Andrea Vanni]] * [[Francesco di Vannuccio]] * [[Jacopo di Mino del Pellicciaio]] * [[Niccolò di Bonaccorso]] * [[Niccolò di Ser Sozzo]] * [[Luca di Tommè]] * [[Taddeo di Bartolo]] * [[Andrea di Bartolo]] * [[Paolo di Giovanni Fei]] * (Majstor Richardson triptiha) === 1401 - 1450 === * [[Benedetto di Bindo]] * [[Domenico di Bartolo]] * [[Giovanni di Paolo]] * [[Gregorio di Cecco]] * [[Martino di Bartolomeo]] * [[Master of the Osservanza Triptych]] * [[Pietro di Giovanni d'Ambrogio]] * [[Priamo della Quercia]] * [[Sano di Pietro]] * [[Stefano di Giovanni|Sassetta]] (Stefano di Giovanni) * [[Vecchietta|Lorenzo di Pietro (Vecchietta)]] === 1451 - 1500 === * [[Nicola di Ulisse]] * [[Matteo di Giovanni]] * [[Benvenuto di Giovanni]] * [[Carlo di Giovanni]] * [[Francesco di Giorgio Martini]] * [[Neroccio di Bartolomeo de' Landi]] * [[Pietro di Francesco degli Orioli]] * [[Guidoccio Cozzarelli]] * [[Bernardino Fungai]] * [[Pellegrino di Mariano]] * [[Andrea di Niccolò]] * [[Pietro di Domenico]] === 1501 - 1550 === * [[Girolamo di Benvenuto]] * [[Giacomo Pacchiarotti]] * [[Girolamo del Pacchia]] * [[Domenico Beccafumi]] * [[Il Sodoma]] (Giovanni Antonio Bazzi) * [[Riccio Sanese]] (Bartolomeo Neroni) === 1601 - 1650 === * [[Francesco Vanni]] * [[Ventura Salimbeni]] * [[Rutilio Manetti]] == Literatura == * Enzo Carli - Duccio di Buoninsegna, izdavač Aldo Martello Editore, Milan, Italy * Smart, Alastair (1978), ''The Dawn of Italian Painting 1250 – 1400.'', izdavačka kuća Oxford: Phaidon. {{ISBN|0714817694}} == Reference == {{refspisak}} [[Kategorija:Italijanska umjetnost]] [[Kategorija:Gotika]] [[Kategorija:Kultura u Sieni]] [[Kategorija:Historija Siene]] rz6uu7csxenqc974g2pb8qoya78ul07 3426947 3426932 2022-08-01T19:27:07Z KWiki 9400 KWiki premjestio je stranicu [[Sienska škola]] na [[Sijenska škola]] bez ostavljanja preusmjerenja wikitext text/x-wiki {{Izmjene u toku}} {{U začetku}} '''Sienska škola''' je dio [[italija]]nske slikarske tradicije koja je svoj vrhunac razvoja dostigla u gradu [[Siena|Sieni]] tokom kasnog [[Srednji vijek|srednjeg vijeka]] između 13. i 15. vijeka. Tokom tog perioda bila je takmac [[Rim]]u i [[Firenca|Firenci]] u umjetničkom stvaralaštvu i jedno od najznačajnijih italijanskih slikarskih središta. Tokom 13. i prve polovine 14. vijeka imala je nadmoćniju slikarsku školu u odnosu na ostale italijanske gradove, gdje su neki od njenih najznačajnijih predstavnika uradili djela za rivalsku Firencu, kao naprimjer [[Duccio di Buoninsegna]] sa njegovom ''"Madonom Rucellai"'' iz 1285 - 86. Upravo je Duccio kao jedan od osnivača sienske škole, zajedno sa [[Pietro Cavallini|Pietrom Cavalliniem]] i [[Cimabue]]om, najznačajniji italijanski slikarski predstavnik (do dolaska [[Giotto di Bondone|Giottoa]]), koji je u neohelenističku [[Bizantijska umjetnost|umjetnost Bizantije]] unio italijansku aromu. Kombinacija ekonomskog pada, izazvanog [[Kuga|kugom]] iz 1348. koja je pokosila većinu stanovnika Siene i političke nestabilnosti tokom druge polovine 14. vijeka, dovela je do velikog pada kvaliteta slikarske umjetnosti od kojeg se Siena nije nikad u poptunosti oporavila. <ref> F. M. Godfrey, ''History of Italian Painting 1250 - 1800'', Taplinger Publishing Co., Inc. New York, 1965, Library of Congress Catalogue Number 65-16699, str. 1 - 4 </ref> == Historijski okvir == == 13. vijek == == 14. vijek == == 15. vijek == == Popis umjetnika == === 1251 - 1300 === * [[Guido da Siena]] === 1301 - 1350 === * [[Duccio di Buoninsegna]] * [[Segna di Bonaventura]] * [[Niccolò di Segna]] * [[Simone Martini]] * [[Lippo Memmi]] * [[Naddo Ceccarelli]] * [[Ambrogio Lorenzetti]] * [[Pietro Lorenzetti]] * [[Bartolomeo Bulgarini]] * [[Ugolino di Nerio]] * [[Lippo Vanni]] === 1351 - 1400 === * [[Bartolo di Fredi]] * [[Andrea Vanni]] * [[Francesco di Vannuccio]] * [[Jacopo di Mino del Pellicciaio]] * [[Niccolò di Bonaccorso]] * [[Niccolò di Ser Sozzo]] * [[Luca di Tommè]] * [[Taddeo di Bartolo]] * [[Andrea di Bartolo]] * [[Paolo di Giovanni Fei]] * (Majstor Richardson triptiha) === 1401 - 1450 === * [[Benedetto di Bindo]] * [[Domenico di Bartolo]] * [[Giovanni di Paolo]] * [[Gregorio di Cecco]] * [[Martino di Bartolomeo]] * [[Master of the Osservanza Triptych]] * [[Pietro di Giovanni d'Ambrogio]] * [[Priamo della Quercia]] * [[Sano di Pietro]] * [[Stefano di Giovanni|Sassetta]] (Stefano di Giovanni) * [[Vecchietta|Lorenzo di Pietro (Vecchietta)]] === 1451 - 1500 === * [[Nicola di Ulisse]] * [[Matteo di Giovanni]] * [[Benvenuto di Giovanni]] * [[Carlo di Giovanni]] * [[Francesco di Giorgio Martini]] * [[Neroccio di Bartolomeo de' Landi]] * [[Pietro di Francesco degli Orioli]] * [[Guidoccio Cozzarelli]] * [[Bernardino Fungai]] * [[Pellegrino di Mariano]] * [[Andrea di Niccolò]] * [[Pietro di Domenico]] === 1501 - 1550 === * [[Girolamo di Benvenuto]] * [[Giacomo Pacchiarotti]] * [[Girolamo del Pacchia]] * [[Domenico Beccafumi]] * [[Il Sodoma]] (Giovanni Antonio Bazzi) * [[Riccio Sanese]] (Bartolomeo Neroni) === 1601 - 1650 === * [[Francesco Vanni]] * [[Ventura Salimbeni]] * [[Rutilio Manetti]] == Literatura == * Enzo Carli - Duccio di Buoninsegna, izdavač Aldo Martello Editore, Milan, Italy * Smart, Alastair (1978), ''The Dawn of Italian Painting 1250 – 1400.'', izdavačka kuća Oxford: Phaidon. {{ISBN|0714817694}} == Reference == {{refspisak}} [[Kategorija:Italijanska umjetnost]] [[Kategorija:Gotika]] [[Kategorija:Kultura u Sieni]] [[Kategorija:Historija Siene]] rz6uu7csxenqc974g2pb8qoya78ul07 0 492504 3426972 2022-08-01T21:24:39Z Amir.beg 53884 Nova stranica: {{Infobox film | name = High Noon | image = High Noon (1952 poster).jpg | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = [[Fred Zinnemann]] | producer = [[Stanley Kramer]] | screenplay = [[Carl Foreman]] | based_on = {{Based on|"The Tin Star"<br>1947 short story|[[John W. Cunningham]]}} | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[Gary Cooper]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (actor)|Thomas Mitchell]] * [[Lloyd Bridges]] * [[Katy Jurado]] * Grac... wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film | name = High Noon | image = High Noon (1952 poster).jpg | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = [[Fred Zinnemann]] | producer = [[Stanley Kramer]] | screenplay = [[Carl Foreman]] | based_on = {{Based on|"The Tin Star"<br>1947 short story|[[John W. Cunningham]]}} | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[Gary Cooper]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (actor)|Thomas Mitchell]] * [[Lloyd Bridges]] * [[Katy Jurado]] * [[Grace Kelly]] * [[Otto Kruger]] * [[Lon Chaney Jr.|Lon Chaney]]<!-- Credited as "Lon Chaney" --> * [[Harry Morgan|Henry Morgan]]<!-- Credited as "Henry Morgan" --> }} | music = [[Dimitri Tiomkin]] | cinematography = [[Floyd Crosby]] | editing = [[Elmo Williams]]<br/>[[Harry W. Gerstad]] | studio = Stanley Kramer Productions | distributor = [[United Artists]] | released = {{Film date|1952|7|24}} | runtime = 85 minutes | country = United States | language = English | budget = $730,000<ref>{{cite news|author=Champlin, C.|date=October 10, 1966|title=Foreman hopes to reverse runaway|work=Los Angeles Times|id={{ProQuest|155553672}}}}</ref> | gross = $12 million<ref>Tino Balio, ''United Artists: The Company That Changed the Film Industry'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1987, p. 47.</ref> }} ''''''Tačno u podne'''''' američki je film u žanru [[Vestern (žanr)|vesterna]] snimljen 1952. godine u produkciji [[Stanley Kramer]]a prema scenariju [[Carl Foreman|Carla Foremana]], u režiji [[Fred Zinnemann|Freda Zinnemanana]]. Glavnu ulogu je tumačio [[Gary Cooper]]. Radnja se usredsređuje na gradskog šerifa čiji je osjećaj dužnosti testiran kada mora da odluči da li da se sam suoči sa bandom ubica ili da napusti grad sa svojom novom ženom. Iako je u vrijeme prikazivanja imao status kontroverznog filma zbog političkih tema, film je nominiran za sedam nagrada [[Oscar]] osvojivši ukupno četiri i to u kategorijama za [[Oscar za najbolju glavnu mušku ulogu|najboljeg glavnog glumca]], [[Oscar za najbolju montažu|najbolju montažu]], [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu pjesmu|originalnu pjesmu]]<ref name="oscars">{{cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1953|title=The 25th Academy Awards – 1953|website=oscars.org|access-date=July 3, 2020}}</ref>, kao i četiri [[Zlatni globus|Zlatna globusa]] i to u kategorijama za [[Zlatni globus za najboljeg glumca – drama|najboljeg glumca]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju sporednu glumicu|sporednu glumicu]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i najbolji crno-bijeli film.<ref name="globes">[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0044706/awards IMDB List] of nominations and awards for [[Stanley Kramer]]'s ''High Noon''.</ref>Nagrađenu muziku za film komponirao je kompozitor ruskog porijekla [[Dimitri Tiomkin]]. ''Tačno u podne'' je 1989. godine odabran od strane [[Kongresna biblioteka|Kongresne biblioteke]] kao jedan od prvih 25 filmova za očuvanje u [[Nacionalni filmski registar|Nacionalnom filmskom registru]] Sjedinjenih Država jer je "kulturno, historijski ili estetski značajan" što je bilo prva godina postojanja NFR-a.<ref>{{cite news|date=September 19, 1989|title=ENTERTAINMENT: Film Registry Picks First 25 Movies|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-19-mn-347-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=April 22, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Complete National Film Registry Listing |url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|access-date=October 30, 2020|website=Library of Congress}}</ref>Film je stekao legendarni status zbog svoje priče koja je djelomično ili potpuno ponovljena u kasnijim filmskim produkcijama, a posebno njegov završetak inspirirao je brojne kasnije filmove, uključujući vesterne kao i ostale žanrove. == Radnja == U Hadleyville-u, malom gradu na teritoriji današnjeg [[Novi Meksiko|Novog Meksika]], lokalni šerif [[Will Kane]], tek oženjen s Amy Fowler, priprema se za penziju. Sretni par će uskoro krenuti u novi život kako bi osnovali porodicu i vodili radnju u drugom gradu. Međutim, stiže vijest da je Frank Miller, opaki odmetnik kojeg je Kane nekoć poslao u zatvor, oslobođen i da će stići podnevnim vozom. Millerova banda – njegov mlađi brat Ben, Jack Colby i Jim Pierce – čekaju njegov dolazak na željezničkoj stanici. [[Datoteka:High Noon1.JPG|thumb|left|Will Kane i Amy Fowler se raspravljaju u šerifovoj kancelariji]] Za pobožnu Amy, koja je po vjeroispovijesti [[Kveker]] a po uvjerenju [[Pacifizam|pacifist]], rješenje je jednostavno – napustiti grad prije nego što Miller stigne – ali Kaneov osjećaj dužnosti i časti ga tjeraju da ostane. Osim toga, kaže on, Miller i njegova banda će ga ionako uloviti. Amy postavlja Kaneu ultimatum: otići podnevnim vozom, sa ili bez njega. Kane posjećuje niz starih prijatelja i saveznika, ali niko ne može (ili neće) pomoći: sudija Percy Mettrick, koji je osudio Millera, bježi na konju i poziva Kanea da učini isto. Kaneov mladi zamjenik Harvey Pell, koji je ogorčen što ga Kane nije preporučio za svog nasljednika, kaže da će stati uz Kanea samo ako Kane ode kod gradskih očeva i "kaže koju riječ" za njega. Kada Kane odbije to učiniti, Pell mu predaje svoju značku. Kaneovi napori da okupi grupu u Ramírezovom salunu, a zatim i crkvu, nailaze na strah i neprijateljstvo. Neki građani, zabrinuti da bi pucnjava mogla naštetiti ugledu grada, pozivaju Kanea da u potpunosti izbjegne sukob. Neki su Millerovi prijatelji, ali drugi zamjeraju što je Kane uopće počistio grad. Neki su mišljenja da njihov novac od [[porez]]a ide za podršku lokalnim snagama zakona i da borba nije odgovornost grupe. Sam Fuller se krije u svojoj kući, šaljući svoju ženu Mildred do vrata da kaže Kaneu da nije kod kuće. Jimmy nudi pomoć, ali je slabovidan i pijan; Kane ga šalje kući radi njegove vlastite sigurnosti. Gradonačelnik nastavlja ohrabrivati ​​Kanea da jednostavno napusti grad. Kaneov prethodnik, Martin Howe, ne može pomoći Kaneu, jer je prestar i artritičan. Herb Baker je pristao da bude zamjienjen, ali odustaje kada shvati da je on jedini dobrovoljac. Konačna ponuda pomoći dolazi od 14-godišnjeg Johnnyja; Kane se divi dječakovoj hrabrosti, ali odbija njegovu pomoć. Dok u hotelu čeka voz, Amy upoznaje Helen Ramirez, koja je nekada bila Millerova ljubavnica, zatim Kaneova, te na kraju Pellova, koja također odlazi iz grada. Helen kaže Amy da da je Kane njen muškarac, i ne bi ga nikad napustila u trenutku velike potrebe. U štali, Pell osedlava konja i pokušava nagovoriti Kanea da ga uzme. Njihov razgovor prerasta u svađu, a potom i tuču. Kane konačno baca u nesvijest svog bivšeg zamjenika. Kane se vraća u svoju kancelariju da napiše oporuku dok sat otkucava prema podnevu. Kane tada izlazi na ulicu kako bi se sam suočio s Millerom i njegovom bandom. Amy i Ramirez prolaze u kočiji sa svojim prtljagom, putujući do željezničke stanice. Kane i Amy razmjenjuju kratke poglede, a onda Amy gleda pravo ispred sebe dok prolazi pored Kanea. Kamera u punom planu prikazuje Kanea kako stoji sam u napuštenoj ulici. Ubrzo počinje pucnjava. Dok se voz sprema da krene, Amy lčuje pucnjavu, skače i trči nazad u grad. Kane ubija Bena Millera i Colbyija, ali je ranjen dok Miller pokušava požarom da istjera Kanea iz štale. Birajući između života svog muža i svojih vjerskih uvjerenja, Amy uzima pištolj koji visi u Kaneovoj kancelariji (nekoć je bio Pellov pištolj; okačio ga je tamo kada je dao ostavku na mjesto zamjenika zgađen zbog Kaneovog tretmana prema njemu) i puca u Piercea s leđa, ostavljajući samo Franka Millera, koji zgrabi Amy kao ljudski štit da bi natjerao Kanea da izađe napolje. Kada je Amy zagrebala Millerovo lice noktima, on čini kobnu grešku gurnuvši je na tlo, a Kane koristi tu priliku da ga ubije. Kane pomaže svojoj novovjenčanoj supruzi da ustane i oni se grle. Dok građani izlaze i okupljaju se oko njega, Kane baca svoju šerifsku zvijezdu na zemlju, bijesno gleda u gomilu i odlazi s Amy na njihovim kočijama. == Uloge == [[Datoteka:Gary Cooper in High Noon 1952.JPG|thumb|Gary Cooper kao šerif Will Kane]] [[Datoteka:GraceKellyHighNoonTrailerScreenshot1952.jpg|thumb|Grace Kelly kao Amy Fowler Kane]] [[Datoteka:Katy Jurado in High Noon.png|thumb|upright|Katy Jurado kao Helen Ramírez]] * [[Gary Cooper]] - šerif [[Will Kane]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (glumac)|Thomas Mitchell]] - gradonačelnik Jonas Henderson * [[Lloyd Bridges]] - zamjenik šerifa Harvey Pell * [[Katy Jurado]] - Helen Ramírez * [[Grace Kelly]] - Amy Fowler Kane * [[Otto Kruger]] - sudija Percy Mettrick * [[Lon Chaney Jr.]] - Martin Howe, bivši šerif * [[Harry Morgan]] - Sam Fuller * [[Ian MacDonald (glumac)|Ian MacDonald]] - Frank Miller * [[Eve McVeagh]] - Mildred Fuller * [[Morgan Farley]] - dr. Mahin, svećenik * [[Harry Shannon (glumac)|Harry Shannon]] - Cooper * [[Lee Van Cleef]] - Jack Colby * [[Robert J. Wilke]] - Jim Pierce * [[Sheb Wooley]] - Ben Miller == Reference == {{Refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Wikiquote}} {{commons category}} * {{IMDb title|0044706|High Noon}} * {{TCMDb title|24083|High Noon}} * {{AllMovie title|22384|High Noon}} * {{Rotten Tomatoes|1046060-high_noon|High Noon}} *''High Noon'' essay by Daniel Eagan in America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the National Film Registry, A&C Black, 2010 {{ISBN|0826429777}}, pages 458–460 [https://www.google.com/books/edition/America_s_Film_Legacy/deq3xI8OmCkC?hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwicy-G58bHsAhUQkHIEHUm-AsEQiKUDMBZ6BAgGEAQ] * [https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2020/01/23/34-best-political-movies-ever-made/ "The 34 best political movies ever made"], [[Ann Hornaday]], ''The Washington Post'' January 23, 2020), ranked #27 [[Kategorija:Filmovi iz 1952.]] [[Kategorija:Američki crno-bijeli filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Američki vesterni]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi na engleskom jeziku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u režiji Freda Zinnemanna]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi s radnjom u Novom Meksiku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi United Artistsa]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u Nacionalnom filmskom registru Sjedinjenih Američkih Država]] 498rqtidtscuiy9lmsjaeiga5n22xv1 3426975 3426972 2022-08-01T21:31:23Z Amir.beg 53884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film | name = High Noon | image = High Noon (1952 poster).jpg | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = [[Fred Zinnemann]] | producer = [[Stanley Kramer]] | screenplay = [[Carl Foreman]] | based_on = {{Based on|"The Tin Star"<br>1947 short story|[[John W. Cunningham]]}} | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[Gary Cooper]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (actor)|Thomas Mitchell]] * [[Lloyd Bridges]] * [[Katy Jurado]] * [[Grace Kelly]] * [[Otto Kruger]] * [[Lon Chaney Jr.|Lon Chaney]]<!-- Credited as "Lon Chaney" --> * [[Harry Morgan|Henry Morgan]]<!-- Credited as "Henry Morgan" --> }} | music = [[Dimitri Tiomkin]] | cinematography = [[Floyd Crosby]] | editing = [[Elmo Williams]]<br/>[[Harry W. Gerstad]] | studio = Stanley Kramer Productions | distributor = [[United Artists]] | released = {{Film date|1952|7|24}} | runtime = 85 minutes | country = United States | language = English | budget = $730,000<ref>{{cite news|author=Champlin, C.|date=October 10, 1966|title=Foreman hopes to reverse runaway|work=Los Angeles Times|id={{ProQuest|155553672}}}}</ref> | gross = $12 million<ref>Tino Balio, ''United Artists: The Company That Changed the Film Industry'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1987, p. 47.</ref> }} ''''''Tačno u podne'''''' američki je film u žanru [[Vestern (žanr)|vesterna]] snimljen 1952. godine u produkciji [[Stanley Kramer]]a prema scenariju [[Carl Foreman|Carla Foremana]], u režiji [[Fred Zinnemann|Freda Zinnemanana]]. Glavnu ulogu je tumačio [[Gary Cooper]]. Radnja se usredsređuje na gradskog šerifa čiji je osjećaj dužnosti testiran kada mora da odluči da li da se sam suoči sa bandom ubica ili da napusti grad sa svojom novom ženom. Iako je u vrijeme prikazivanja imao status kontroverznog filma zbog političkih tema, film je nominiran za sedam nagrada [[Oscar]] osvojivši ukupno četiri i to u kategorijama za [[Oscar za najbolju glavnu mušku ulogu|najboljeg glavnog glumca]], [[Oscar za najbolju montažu|najbolju montažu]], [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu pjesmu|originalnu pjesmu]]<ref name="oscars">{{cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1953|title=The 25th Academy Awards – 1953|website=oscars.org|access-date=July 3, 2020}}</ref>, kao i četiri [[Zlatni globus|Zlatna globusa]] i to u kategorijama za [[Zlatni globus za najboljeg glumca – drama|najboljeg glumca]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju sporednu glumicu|sporednu glumicu]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i najbolji crno-bijeli film.<ref name="globes">[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0044706/awards IMDB List] of nominations and awards for [[Stanley Kramer]]'s ''High Noon''.</ref>Nagrađenu muziku za film komponirao je kompozitor ruskog porijekla [[Dimitri Tiomkin]]. ''Tačno u podne'' je 1989. godine odabran od strane [[Kongresna biblioteka|Kongresne biblioteke]] kao jedan od prvih 25 filmova za očuvanje u [[Nacionalni filmski registar|Nacionalnom filmskom registru]] Sjedinjenih Država jer je "kulturno, historijski ili estetski značajan" što je bilo prva godina postojanja NFR-a.<ref>{{cite news|date=September 19, 1989|title=ENTERTAINMENT: Film Registry Picks First 25 Movies|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-19-mn-347-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=April 22, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Complete National Film Registry Listing |url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|access-date=October 30, 2020|website=Library of Congress}}</ref>Film je stekao legendarni status zbog svoje priče koja je djelomično ili potpuno ponovljena u kasnijim filmskim produkcijama, a posebno njegov završetak inspirirao je brojne kasnije filmove, uključujući vesterne kao i ostale žanrove. == Radnja == U Hadleyville-u, malom gradu na teritoriji današnjeg [[Novi Meksiko|Novog Meksika]], lokalni šerif [[Will Kane]], tek oženjen s Amy Fowler, priprema se za penziju. Sretni par će uskoro krenuti u novi život kako bi osnovali porodicu i vodili radnju u drugom gradu. Međutim, stiže vijest da je Frank Miller, opaki odmetnik kojeg je Kane nekoć poslao u zatvor, oslobođen i da će stići podnevnim vozom. Millerova banda – njegov mlađi brat Ben, Jack Colby i Jim Pierce – čekaju njegov dolazak na željezničkoj stanici. [[Datoteka:High Noon1.JPG|thumb|left|Will Kane i Amy Fowler se raspravljaju u šerifovoj kancelariji]] Za pobožnu Amy, koja je po vjeroispovijesti [[Kveker]] a po uvjerenju [[Pacifizam|pacifist]], rješenje je jednostavno – napustiti grad prije nego što Miller stigne – ali Kaneov osjećaj dužnosti i časti ga tjeraju da ostane. Osim toga, kaže on, Miller i njegova banda će ga ionako uloviti. Amy postavlja Kaneu ultimatum: otići podnevnim vozom, sa ili bez njega. Kane posjećuje niz starih prijatelja i saveznika, ali niko ne može (ili neće) pomoći: sudija Percy Mettrick, koji je osudio Millera, bježi na konju i poziva Kanea da učini isto. Kaneov mladi zamjenik Harvey Pell, koji je ogorčen što ga Kane nije preporučio za svog nasljednika, kaže da će stati uz Kanea samo ako Kane ode kod gradskih očeva i "kaže koju riječ" za njega. Kada Kane odbije to učiniti, Pell mu predaje svoju značku. Kaneovi napori da okupi grupu u Ramírezovom salunu, a zatim i crkvu, nailaze na strah i neprijateljstvo. Neki građani, zabrinuti da bi pucnjava mogla naštetiti ugledu grada, pozivaju Kanea da u potpunosti izbjegne sukob. Neki su Millerovi prijatelji, ali drugi zamjeraju što je Kane uopće počistio grad. Neki su mišljenja da njihov novac od [[porez]]a ide za podršku lokalnim snagama zakona i da borba nije odgovornost grupe. Sam Fuller se krije u svojoj kući, šaljući svoju ženu Mildred do vrata da kaže Kaneu da nije kod kuće. Jimmy nudi pomoć, ali je slabovidan i pijan; Kane ga šalje kući radi njegove vlastite sigurnosti. Gradonačelnik nastavlja ohrabrivati ​​Kanea da jednostavno napusti grad. Kaneov prethodnik, Martin Howe, ne može pomoći Kaneu, jer je prestar i artritičan. Herb Baker je pristao da bude zamjienjen, ali odustaje kada shvati da je on jedini dobrovoljac. Konačna ponuda pomoći dolazi od 14-godišnjeg Johnnyja; Kane se divi dječakovoj hrabrosti, ali odbija njegovu pomoć. Dok u hotelu čeka voz, Amy upoznaje Helen Ramirez, koja je nekada bila Millerova ljubavnica, zatim Kaneova, te na kraju Pellova, koja također odlazi iz grada. Helen kaže Amy da da je Kane njen muškarac, i ne bi ga nikad napustila u trenutku velike potrebe. U štali, Pell osedlava konja i pokušava nagovoriti Kanea da ga uzme. Njihov razgovor prerasta u svađu, a potom i tuču. Kane konačno baca u nesvijest svog bivšeg zamjenika. Kane se vraća u svoju kancelariju da napiše oporuku dok sat otkucava prema podnevu. Kane tada izlazi na ulicu kako bi se sam suočio s Millerom i njegovom bandom. Amy i Ramirez prolaze u kočiji sa svojim prtljagom, putujući do željezničke stanice. Kane i Amy razmjenjuju kratke poglede, a onda Amy gleda pravo ispred sebe dok prolazi pored Kanea. Kamera u punom planu prikazuje Kanea kako stoji sam u napuštenoj ulici. Ubrzo počinje pucnjava. Dok se voz sprema da krene, Amy lčuje pucnjavu, skače i trči nazad u grad. Kane ubija Bena Millera i Colbyija, ali je ranjen dok Miller pokušava požarom da istjera Kanea iz štale. Birajući između života svog muža i svojih vjerskih uvjerenja, Amy uzima pištolj koji visi u Kaneovoj kancelariji (nekoć je bio Pellov pištolj; okačio ga je tamo kada je dao ostavku na mjesto zamjenika zgađen zbog Kaneovog tretmana prema njemu) i puca u Piercea s leđa, ostavljajući samo Franka Millera, koji zgrabi Amy kao ljudski štit da bi natjerao Kanea da izađe napolje. Kada je Amy zagrebala Millerovo lice noktima, on čini kobnu grešku gurnuvši je na tlo, a Kane koristi tu priliku da ga ubije. Kane pomaže svojoj novovjenčanoj supruzi da ustane i oni se grle. Dok građani izlaze i okupljaju se oko njega, Kane baca svoju šerifsku zvijezdu na zemlju, bijesno gleda u gomilu i odlazi s Amy na njihovim kočijama. == Uloge == [[Datoteka:Gary Cooper in High Noon 1952.JPG|thumb|Gary Cooper kao šerif Will Kane]] [[Datoteka:GraceKellyHighNoonTrailerScreenshot1952.jpg|thumb|Grace Kelly kao Amy Fowler Kane]] [[Datoteka:Katy Jurado in High Noon.png|thumb|upright|Katy Jurado kao Helen Ramírez]] * [[Gary Cooper]] - šerif [[Will Kane]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (glumac)|Thomas Mitchell]] - gradonačelnik Jonas Henderson * [[Lloyd Bridges]] - zamjenik šerifa Harvey Pell * [[Katy Jurado]] - Helen Ramírez * [[Grace Kelly]] - Amy Fowler Kane * [[Otto Kruger]] - sudija Percy Mettrick * [[Lon Chaney Jr.]] - Martin Howe, bivši šerif * [[Harry Morgan]] - Sam Fuller * [[Ian MacDonald (glumac)|Ian MacDonald]] - Frank Miller * [[Eve McVeagh]] - Mildred Fuller * [[Morgan Farley]] - dr. Mahin, svećenik * [[Harry Shannon (glumac)|Harry Shannon]] - Cooper * [[Lee Van Cleef]] - Jack Colby * [[Robert J. Wilke]] - Jim Pierce * [[Sheb Wooley]] - Ben Miller == Reference == {{Refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Wikiquote}} {{commons category}} * {{IMDb title|0044706|High Noon}} * {{TCMDb title|24083|High Noon}} * {{AllMovie title|22384|High Noon}} * {{Rotten Tomatoes|1046060-high_noon|High Noon}} *''High Noon'' essay by Daniel Eagan in America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the National Film Registry, A&C Black, 2010 {{ISBN|0826429777}}, pages 458–460 [https://www.google.com/books/edition/America_s_Film_Legacy/deq3xI8OmCkC?hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwicy-G58bHsAhUQkHIEHUm-AsEQiKUDMBZ6BAgGEAQ] * [https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2020/01/23/34-best-political-movies-ever-made/ "The 34 best political movies ever made"], [[Ann Hornaday]], ''The Washington Post'' January 23, 2020), ranked #27 {{Šablon:Oscar za glavnog glumca}} [[Kategorija:Filmovi iz 1952.]] [[Kategorija:Američki crno-bijeli filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Američki vesterni]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi na engleskom jeziku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u režiji Freda Zinnemanna]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi s radnjom u Novom Meksiku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi United Artistsa]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u Nacionalnom filmskom registru Sjedinjenih Američkih Država]] qotafl9usp2uwtuxae7qmzi0qsh59cb 3426979 3426975 2022-08-01T22:17:18Z Amir.beg 53884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film | name = High Noon | image = High Noon (1952 poster).jpg | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = [[Fred Zinnemann]] | producer = [[Stanley Kramer]] | screenplay = [[Carl Foreman]] | based_on = {{Based on|"The Tin Star"<br>1947 short story|[[John W. Cunningham]]}} | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[Gary Cooper]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (actor)|Thomas Mitchell]] * [[Lloyd Bridges]] * [[Katy Jurado]] * [[Grace Kelly]] * [[Otto Kruger]] * [[Lon Chaney Jr.|Lon Chaney]]<!-- Credited as "Lon Chaney" --> * [[Harry Morgan|Henry Morgan]]<!-- Credited as "Henry Morgan" --> }} | music = [[Dimitri Tiomkin]] | cinematography = [[Floyd Crosby]] | editing = [[Elmo Williams]]<br/>[[Harry W. Gerstad]] | studio = Stanley Kramer Productions | distributor = [[United Artists]] | released = {{Film date|1952|7|24}} | runtime = 85 minutes | country = United States | language = English | budget = $730,000<ref>{{cite news|author=Champlin, C.|date=October 10, 1966|title=Foreman hopes to reverse runaway|work=Los Angeles Times|id={{ProQuest|155553672}}}}</ref> | gross = $12 million<ref>Tino Balio, ''United Artists: The Company That Changed the Film Industry'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1987, p. 47.</ref> }} ''''''Tačno u podne'''''' američki je film u žanru [[Vestern (žanr)|vesterna]] snimljen 1952. godine u produkciji [[Stanley Kramer]]a prema scenariju [[Carl Foreman|Carla Foremana]], u režiji [[Fred Zinnemann|Freda Zinnemanana]]. Glavnu ulogu je tumačio [[Gary Cooper]]. Radnja se usredsređuje na gradskog šerifa čiji je osjećaj dužnosti testiran kada mora da odluči da li da se sam suoči sa bandom ubica ili da napusti grad sa svojom novom ženom. Iako je u vrijeme prikazivanja imao status kontroverznog filma zbog političkih tema, film je nominiran za sedam nagrada [[Oscar]] osvojivši ukupno četiri i to u kategorijama za [[Oscar za najbolju glavnu mušku ulogu|najboljeg glavnog glumca]], [[Oscar za najbolju montažu|najbolju montažu]], [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu pjesmu|originalnu pjesmu]]<ref name="oscars">{{cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1953|title=The 25th Academy Awards – 1953|website=oscars.org|access-date=July 3, 2020}}</ref>, kao i četiri [[Zlatni globus|Zlatna globusa]] i to u kategorijama za [[Zlatni globus za najboljeg glumca – drama|najboljeg glumca]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju sporednu glumicu|sporednu glumicu]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i najbolji crno-bijeli film.<ref name="globes">[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0044706/awards IMDB List] of nominations and awards for [[Stanley Kramer]]'s ''High Noon''.</ref>Nagrađenu muziku za film komponirao je kompozitor ruskog porijekla [[Dimitri Tiomkin]]. ''Tačno u podne'' je 1989. godine odabran od strane [[Kongresna biblioteka|Kongresne biblioteke]] kao jedan od prvih 25 filmova za očuvanje u [[Nacionalni filmski registar|Nacionalnom filmskom registru]] Sjedinjenih Država jer je "kulturno, historijski ili estetski značajan" što je bilo prva godina postojanja NFR-a.<ref>{{cite news|date=September 19, 1989|title=ENTERTAINMENT: Film Registry Picks First 25 Movies|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-19-mn-347-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=April 22, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Complete National Film Registry Listing |url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|access-date=October 30, 2020|website=Library of Congress}}</ref>Film je stekao legendarni status zbog svoje priče koja je djelomično ili potpuno ponovljena u kasnijim filmskim produkcijama, a posebno njegov završetak inspirirao je brojne kasnije filmove, uključujući vesterne kao i ostale žanrove. == Radnja == U Hadleyville-u, malom gradu na teritoriji današnjeg [[Novi Meksiko|Novog Meksika]], lokalni šerif [[Will Kane]], tek oženjen s Amy Fowler, priprema se za penziju. Sretni par će uskoro krenuti u novi život kako bi osnovali porodicu i vodili radnju u drugom gradu. Međutim, stiže vijest da je Frank Miller, opaki odmetnik kojeg je Kane nekoć poslao u zatvor, oslobođen i da će stići podnevnim vozom. Millerova banda – njegov mlađi brat Ben, Jack Colby i Jim Pierce – čekaju njegov dolazak na željezničkoj stanici. [[Datoteka:High Noon1.JPG|thumb|left|Will Kane i Amy Fowler se raspravljaju u šerifovoj kancelariji]] Za pobožnu Amy, koja je po vjeroispovijesti [[Kveker]] a po uvjerenju [[Pacifizam|pacifist]], rješenje je jednostavno – napustiti grad prije nego što Miller stigne – ali Kaneov osjećaj dužnosti i časti ga tjeraju da ostane. Osim toga, kaže on, Miller i njegova banda će ga ionako uloviti. Amy postavlja Kaneu ultimatum: otići podnevnim vozom, sa ili bez njega. Kane posjećuje niz starih prijatelja i saveznika, ali niko ne može (ili neće) pomoći: sudija Percy Mettrick, koji je osudio Millera, bježi na konju i poziva Kanea da učini isto. Kaneov mladi zamjenik Harvey Pell, koji je ogorčen što ga Kane nije preporučio za svog nasljednika, kaže da će stati uz Kanea samo ako Kane ode kod gradskih očeva i "kaže koju riječ" za njega. Kada Kane odbije to učiniti, Pell mu predaje svoju značku. Kaneovi napori da okupi grupu u Ramírezovom salunu, a zatim i crkvu, nailaze na strah i neprijateljstvo. Neki građani, zabrinuti da bi pucnjava mogla naštetiti ugledu grada, pozivaju Kanea da u potpunosti izbjegne sukob. Neki su Millerovi prijatelji, ali drugi zamjeraju što je Kane uopće počistio grad. Neki su mišljenja da njihov novac od [[porez]]a ide za podršku lokalnim snagama zakona i da borba nije odgovornost grupe. Sam Fuller se krije u svojoj kući, šaljući svoju ženu Mildred do vrata da kaže Kaneu da nije kod kuće. Jimmy nudi pomoć, ali je slabovidan i pijan; Kane ga šalje kući radi njegove vlastite sigurnosti. Gradonačelnik nastavlja ohrabrivati ​​Kanea da jednostavno napusti grad. Kaneov prethodnik, Martin Howe, ne može pomoći Kaneu, jer je prestar i artritičan. Herb Baker je pristao da bude zamjienjen, ali odustaje kada shvati da je on jedini dobrovoljac. Konačna ponuda pomoći dolazi od 14-godišnjeg Johnnyja; Kane se divi dječakovoj hrabrosti, ali odbija njegovu pomoć. Dok u hotelu čeka voz, Amy upoznaje Helen Ramirez, koja je nekada bila Millerova ljubavnica, zatim Kaneova, te na kraju Pellova, koja također odlazi iz grada. Helen kaže Amy da da je Kane njen muškarac, i ne bi ga nikad napustila u trenutku velike potrebe. U štali, Pell osedlava konja i pokušava nagovoriti Kanea da ga uzme. Njihov razgovor prerasta u svađu, a potom i tuču. Kane konačno baca u nesvijest svog bivšeg zamjenika. Kane se vraća u svoju kancelariju da napiše oporuku dok sat otkucava prema podnevu. Kane tada izlazi na ulicu kako bi se sam suočio s Millerom i njegovom bandom. Amy i Ramirez prolaze u kočiji sa svojim prtljagom, putujući do željezničke stanice. Kane i Amy razmjenjuju kratke poglede, a onda Amy gleda pravo ispred sebe dok prolazi pored Kanea. Kamera u punom planu prikazuje Kanea kako stoji sam u napuštenoj ulici. Ubrzo počinje pucnjava. Dok se voz sprema da krene, Amy lčuje pucnjavu, skače i trči nazad u grad. Kane ubija Bena Millera i Colbyija, ali je ranjen dok Miller pokušava požarom da istjera Kanea iz štale. Birajući između života svog muža i svojih vjerskih uvjerenja, Amy uzima pištolj koji visi u Kaneovoj kancelariji (nekoć je bio Pellov pištolj; okačio ga je tamo kada je dao ostavku na mjesto zamjenika zgađen zbog Kaneovog tretmana prema njemu) i puca u Piercea s leđa, ostavljajući samo Franka Millera, koji zgrabi Amy kao ljudski štit da bi natjerao Kanea da izađe napolje. Kada je Amy zagrebala Millerovo lice noktima, on čini kobnu grešku gurnuvši je na tlo, a Kane koristi tu priliku da ga ubije. Kane pomaže svojoj novovjenčanoj supruzi da ustane i oni se grle. Dok građani izlaze i okupljaju se oko njega, Kane baca svoju šerifsku zvijezdu na zemlju, bijesno gleda u gomilu i odlazi s Amy na njihovim kočijama. == Uloge == [[Datoteka:Gary Cooper in High Noon 1952.JPG|thumb|Gary Cooper kao šerif Will Kane]] [[Datoteka:GraceKellyHighNoonTrailerScreenshot1952.jpg|thumb|Grace Kelly kao Amy Fowler Kane]] [[Datoteka:Katy Jurado in High Noon.png|thumb|upright|Katy Jurado kao Helen Ramírez]] * [[Gary Cooper]] - šerif [[Will Kane]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (glumac)|Thomas Mitchell]] - gradonačelnik Jonas Henderson * [[Lloyd Bridges]] - zamjenik šerifa Harvey Pell * [[Katy Jurado]] - Helen Ramírez * [[Grace Kelly]] - Amy Fowler Kane * [[Otto Kruger]] - sudija Percy Mettrick * [[Lon Chaney Jr.]] - Martin Howe, bivši šerif * [[Harry Morgan]] - Sam Fuller * [[Ian MacDonald (glumac)|Ian MacDonald]] - Frank Miller * [[Eve McVeagh]] - Mildred Fuller * [[Morgan Farley]] - dr. Mahin, svećenik * [[Harry Shannon (glumac)|Harry Shannon]] - Cooper * [[Lee Van Cleef]] - Jack Colby * [[Robert J. Wilke]] - Jim Pierce * [[Sheb Wooley]] - Ben Miller == Produkcija == Vrijeme produkcije i prikazivanja filma dešavali su se za vrijeme [[Crvena panika|Crvene panike]] i [[Korejski rat|Korejskog rata]]. Godine 1951, tokom produkcije filma, [[Carl Foreman]] bio je pozvan pred [[Komitet za neameričke aktivnosti]] (HUAC) tokom njegove istrage o "komunističkoj propagandi i utjecaju" u filmskoj industriji. Foreman je nekada bio član [[Komunistička partija|Komunističke partije]], ali je odbio da identifikuje svoje kolege ili bilo koga za koga je sumnjao da je trenutno član. Kao rezultat toga, komisija ga je označila kao "nekooperativnog svjedoka", što ga je uvrstilo na [[Holivudska crna lista|Holivudsku crnu listu]].<ref name="Byman">{{cite book |title=Showdown at High Noon: Witch-hunts, Critics, and the End of the Western |author=Byman, Jeremy |publisher=Scarecrow Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-8108-4998-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WIp2PfC1Mm4C}}</ref>Nakon što je njegovo odbijanje da navede imena objavljeno u javnosti, Foremanov produkcijski partner [[Stanley Kramer]] zatražio je hitno raskid njihovog partnerstva. Kao potpisnik zajma za produkciju, Foreman je ostao u projektu filma; ali prije prikazivanja filma, prodao je svoj partnerski udio Krameru i preselio se u Veliku Britaniju, znajući da više neće naći posao u Sjedinjenim Državama.<ref name="Byman" /> Kramer je kasnije tvrdio da je prekinuo njihovo partnerstvo jer je Foreman zaprijetio da će ga pred HUAC-om lažno prozvati komunistom. Foreman je rekao da se Kramer plašio štete po svoju karijeru zbog "krivnje zbog udruživanja". Foreman je zaista bio na crnoj listi holivudskih studija zbog etikete "nekooperativnog svjedoka" i dodatnog pritiska predsjednika [[Columbia Pictures]]a [[Harryja Cohna]], [[Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals|MPA]] predsjednika [[John Wayne|Johna Waynea]], i trač kolumnistice ''[[Los Angeles Times]]a'' [[Hedda Hopper|Hedde Hopper]].<ref name="Byman" /> Prema dokumentarnom filmu iz 2002. ''Mrak u podne: Dokumenti Carla Foremana'' zasnovanom dijelom na dugačkom pismu Foremana filmskom kritičaru [[Bosley Crowther]]u iz 1952. Foremanova uloga u stvaranju i produkciji filma ''Tačno u podne'' godinama je nepravedno umanjivana u korist Kramera. Foreman je rekao Crowtheru da je film nastao iz plana radnje koje je napisao na četiri stranice, a ispostavilo se da je vrlo sličan kratkoj priči [[John W. Cunningham]]a pod nazivom "Limena zvijezda". Foreman je otkupio filmska prava na Cunninghamovu priču i napisao scenarij. U vrijeme kada je dokumentarni film prikazan, većina aktera je bila pokojna, uključujući Kramera, Foremana, Zinnemanna i Coopera. [[Victor Navasky]], autor knjige ''Imenovanje imena'', definitivnog prikaza holivudske crne liste, rekao je novinaru da je, na osnovu njegovih intervjua s Kramerovom udovicom i drugima, dokumentarac izgledao "jednostrano, a problem da li je Stanley Kramer prikazan kao negativac, stvar je dosta komplikovana."<ref name="nytimes">{{cite web|title='High Noon,' High Dudgeon|author=Weinraub, Bernard|work=The New York Times|date=April 18, 2002|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/18/movies/high-noon-high-dudgeon.html}}</ref>[[Richard Fleischer]] je kasnije tvrdio da je pomogao Carlu Foremanu da razvije priču filma tokom osam sedmica dok se vozio do i sa seta filma "[[Glineni golub(film)|Glineni golub]]" (1949.) koji su zajedno snimili. Fleischer kaže da ga je njegov RKO ugovor spriječio da režira "Tačno u podne". == Reference == {{Refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Wikiquote}} {{commons category}} * {{IMDb title|0044706|High Noon}} * {{TCMDb title|24083|High Noon}} * {{AllMovie title|22384|High Noon}} * {{Rotten Tomatoes|1046060-high_noon|High Noon}} *''High Noon'' essay by Daniel Eagan in America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the National Film Registry, A&C Black, 2010 {{ISBN|0826429777}}, pages 458–460 [https://www.google.com/books/edition/America_s_Film_Legacy/deq3xI8OmCkC?hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwicy-G58bHsAhUQkHIEHUm-AsEQiKUDMBZ6BAgGEAQ] * [https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2020/01/23/34-best-political-movies-ever-made/ "The 34 best political movies ever made"], [[Ann Hornaday]], ''The Washington Post'' January 23, 2020), ranked #27 {{Šablon:Oscar za glavnog glumca}} [[Kategorija:Filmovi iz 1952.]] [[Kategorija:Američki crno-bijeli filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Američki vesterni]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi na engleskom jeziku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u režiji Freda Zinnemanna]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi s radnjom u Novom Meksiku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi United Artistsa]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u Nacionalnom filmskom registru Sjedinjenih Američkih Država]] 96bfk6vk64xmtjkm6fge9a109scok4f 3426980 3426979 2022-08-01T22:18:59Z Amir.beg 53884 /* Produkcija */ wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film | name = High Noon | image = High Noon (1952 poster).jpg | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = [[Fred Zinnemann]] | producer = [[Stanley Kramer]] | screenplay = [[Carl Foreman]] | based_on = {{Based on|"The Tin Star"<br>1947 short story|[[John W. Cunningham]]}} | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[Gary Cooper]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (actor)|Thomas Mitchell]] * [[Lloyd Bridges]] * [[Katy Jurado]] * [[Grace Kelly]] * [[Otto Kruger]] * [[Lon Chaney Jr.|Lon Chaney]]<!-- Credited as "Lon Chaney" --> * [[Harry Morgan|Henry Morgan]]<!-- Credited as "Henry Morgan" --> }} | music = [[Dimitri Tiomkin]] | cinematography = [[Floyd Crosby]] | editing = [[Elmo Williams]]<br/>[[Harry W. Gerstad]] | studio = Stanley Kramer Productions | distributor = [[United Artists]] | released = {{Film date|1952|7|24}} | runtime = 85 minutes | country = United States | language = English | budget = $730,000<ref>{{cite news|author=Champlin, C.|date=October 10, 1966|title=Foreman hopes to reverse runaway|work=Los Angeles Times|id={{ProQuest|155553672}}}}</ref> | gross = $12 million<ref>Tino Balio, ''United Artists: The Company That Changed the Film Industry'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1987, p. 47.</ref> }} ''''''Tačno u podne'''''' američki je film u žanru [[Vestern (žanr)|vesterna]] snimljen 1952. godine u produkciji [[Stanley Kramer]]a prema scenariju [[Carl Foreman|Carla Foremana]], u režiji [[Fred Zinnemann|Freda Zinnemanana]]. Glavnu ulogu je tumačio [[Gary Cooper]]. Radnja se usredsređuje na gradskog šerifa čiji je osjećaj dužnosti testiran kada mora da odluči da li da se sam suoči sa bandom ubica ili da napusti grad sa svojom novom ženom. Iako je u vrijeme prikazivanja imao status kontroverznog filma zbog političkih tema, film je nominiran za sedam nagrada [[Oscar]] osvojivši ukupno četiri i to u kategorijama za [[Oscar za najbolju glavnu mušku ulogu|najboljeg glavnog glumca]], [[Oscar za najbolju montažu|najbolju montažu]], [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu pjesmu|originalnu pjesmu]]<ref name="oscars">{{cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1953|title=The 25th Academy Awards – 1953|website=oscars.org|access-date=July 3, 2020}}</ref>, kao i četiri [[Zlatni globus|Zlatna globusa]] i to u kategorijama za [[Zlatni globus za najboljeg glumca – drama|najboljeg glumca]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju sporednu glumicu|sporednu glumicu]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i najbolji crno-bijeli film.<ref name="globes">[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0044706/awards IMDB List] of nominations and awards for [[Stanley Kramer]]'s ''High Noon''.</ref>Nagrađenu muziku za film komponirao je kompozitor ruskog porijekla [[Dimitri Tiomkin]]. ''Tačno u podne'' je 1989. godine odabran od strane [[Kongresna biblioteka|Kongresne biblioteke]] kao jedan od prvih 25 filmova za očuvanje u [[Nacionalni filmski registar|Nacionalnom filmskom registru]] Sjedinjenih Država jer je "kulturno, historijski ili estetski značajan" što je bilo prva godina postojanja NFR-a.<ref>{{cite news|date=September 19, 1989|title=ENTERTAINMENT: Film Registry Picks First 25 Movies|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-19-mn-347-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=April 22, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Complete National Film Registry Listing |url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|access-date=October 30, 2020|website=Library of Congress}}</ref>Film je stekao legendarni status zbog svoje priče koja je djelomično ili potpuno ponovljena u kasnijim filmskim produkcijama, a posebno njegov završetak inspirirao je brojne kasnije filmove, uključujući vesterne kao i ostale žanrove. == Radnja == U Hadleyville-u, malom gradu na teritoriji današnjeg [[Novi Meksiko|Novog Meksika]], lokalni šerif [[Will Kane]], tek oženjen s Amy Fowler, priprema se za penziju. Sretni par će uskoro krenuti u novi život kako bi osnovali porodicu i vodili radnju u drugom gradu. Međutim, stiže vijest da je Frank Miller, opaki odmetnik kojeg je Kane nekoć poslao u zatvor, oslobođen i da će stići podnevnim vozom. Millerova banda – njegov mlađi brat Ben, Jack Colby i Jim Pierce – čekaju njegov dolazak na željezničkoj stanici. [[Datoteka:High Noon1.JPG|thumb|left|Will Kane i Amy Fowler se raspravljaju u šerifovoj kancelariji]] Za pobožnu Amy, koja je po vjeroispovijesti [[Kveker]] a po uvjerenju [[Pacifizam|pacifist]], rješenje je jednostavno – napustiti grad prije nego što Miller stigne – ali Kaneov osjećaj dužnosti i časti ga tjeraju da ostane. Osim toga, kaže on, Miller i njegova banda će ga ionako uloviti. Amy postavlja Kaneu ultimatum: otići podnevnim vozom, sa ili bez njega. Kane posjećuje niz starih prijatelja i saveznika, ali niko ne može (ili neće) pomoći: sudija Percy Mettrick, koji je osudio Millera, bježi na konju i poziva Kanea da učini isto. Kaneov mladi zamjenik Harvey Pell, koji je ogorčen što ga Kane nije preporučio za svog nasljednika, kaže da će stati uz Kanea samo ako Kane ode kod gradskih očeva i "kaže koju riječ" za njega. Kada Kane odbije to učiniti, Pell mu predaje svoju značku. Kaneovi napori da okupi grupu u Ramírezovom salunu, a zatim i crkvu, nailaze na strah i neprijateljstvo. Neki građani, zabrinuti da bi pucnjava mogla naštetiti ugledu grada, pozivaju Kanea da u potpunosti izbjegne sukob. Neki su Millerovi prijatelji, ali drugi zamjeraju što je Kane uopće počistio grad. Neki su mišljenja da njihov novac od [[porez]]a ide za podršku lokalnim snagama zakona i da borba nije odgovornost grupe. Sam Fuller se krije u svojoj kući, šaljući svoju ženu Mildred do vrata da kaže Kaneu da nije kod kuće. Jimmy nudi pomoć, ali je slabovidan i pijan; Kane ga šalje kući radi njegove vlastite sigurnosti. Gradonačelnik nastavlja ohrabrivati ​​Kanea da jednostavno napusti grad. Kaneov prethodnik, Martin Howe, ne može pomoći Kaneu, jer je prestar i artritičan. Herb Baker je pristao da bude zamjienjen, ali odustaje kada shvati da je on jedini dobrovoljac. Konačna ponuda pomoći dolazi od 14-godišnjeg Johnnyja; Kane se divi dječakovoj hrabrosti, ali odbija njegovu pomoć. Dok u hotelu čeka voz, Amy upoznaje Helen Ramirez, koja je nekada bila Millerova ljubavnica, zatim Kaneova, te na kraju Pellova, koja također odlazi iz grada. Helen kaže Amy da da je Kane njen muškarac, i ne bi ga nikad napustila u trenutku velike potrebe. U štali, Pell osedlava konja i pokušava nagovoriti Kanea da ga uzme. Njihov razgovor prerasta u svađu, a potom i tuču. Kane konačno baca u nesvijest svog bivšeg zamjenika. Kane se vraća u svoju kancelariju da napiše oporuku dok sat otkucava prema podnevu. Kane tada izlazi na ulicu kako bi se sam suočio s Millerom i njegovom bandom. Amy i Ramirez prolaze u kočiji sa svojim prtljagom, putujući do željezničke stanice. Kane i Amy razmjenjuju kratke poglede, a onda Amy gleda pravo ispred sebe dok prolazi pored Kanea. Kamera u punom planu prikazuje Kanea kako stoji sam u napuštenoj ulici. Ubrzo počinje pucnjava. Dok se voz sprema da krene, Amy lčuje pucnjavu, skače i trči nazad u grad. Kane ubija Bena Millera i Colbyija, ali je ranjen dok Miller pokušava požarom da istjera Kanea iz štale. Birajući između života svog muža i svojih vjerskih uvjerenja, Amy uzima pištolj koji visi u Kaneovoj kancelariji (nekoć je bio Pellov pištolj; okačio ga je tamo kada je dao ostavku na mjesto zamjenika zgađen zbog Kaneovog tretmana prema njemu) i puca u Piercea s leđa, ostavljajući samo Franka Millera, koji zgrabi Amy kao ljudski štit da bi natjerao Kanea da izađe napolje. Kada je Amy zagrebala Millerovo lice noktima, on čini kobnu grešku gurnuvši je na tlo, a Kane koristi tu priliku da ga ubije. Kane pomaže svojoj novovjenčanoj supruzi da ustane i oni se grle. Dok građani izlaze i okupljaju se oko njega, Kane baca svoju šerifsku zvijezdu na zemlju, bijesno gleda u gomilu i odlazi s Amy na njihovim kočijama. == Uloge == [[Datoteka:Gary Cooper in High Noon 1952.JPG|thumb|Gary Cooper kao šerif Will Kane]] [[Datoteka:GraceKellyHighNoonTrailerScreenshot1952.jpg|thumb|Grace Kelly kao Amy Fowler Kane]] [[Datoteka:Katy Jurado in High Noon.png|thumb|upright|Katy Jurado kao Helen Ramírez]] * [[Gary Cooper]] - šerif [[Will Kane]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (glumac)|Thomas Mitchell]] - gradonačelnik Jonas Henderson * [[Lloyd Bridges]] - zamjenik šerifa Harvey Pell * [[Katy Jurado]] - Helen Ramírez * [[Grace Kelly]] - Amy Fowler Kane * [[Otto Kruger]] - sudija Percy Mettrick * [[Lon Chaney Jr.]] - Martin Howe, bivši šerif * [[Harry Morgan]] - Sam Fuller * [[Ian MacDonald (glumac)|Ian MacDonald]] - Frank Miller * [[Eve McVeagh]] - Mildred Fuller * [[Morgan Farley]] - dr. Mahin, svećenik * [[Harry Shannon (glumac)|Harry Shannon]] - Cooper * [[Lee Van Cleef]] - Jack Colby * [[Robert J. Wilke]] - Jim Pierce * [[Sheb Wooley]] - Ben Miller == Produkcija == Vrijeme produkcije i prikazivanja filma dešavali su se za vrijeme [[Crvena panika|Crvene panike]] i [[Korejski rat|Korejskog rata]]. Godine 1951, tokom produkcije filma, [[Carl Foreman]] bio je pozvan pred [[Komitet za neameričke aktivnosti]] (HUAC) tokom njegove istrage o "komunističkoj propagandi i utjecaju" u filmskoj industriji. Foreman je nekada bio član [[Komunistička partija|Komunističke partije]], ali je odbio da identifikuje svoje kolege ili bilo koga za koga je sumnjao da je trenutno član. Kao rezultat toga, komisija ga je označila kao "nekooperativnog svjedoka", što ga je uvrstilo na [[Holivudska crna lista|Holivudsku crnu listu]].<ref name="Byman">{{cite book |title=Showdown at High Noon: Witch-hunts, Critics, and the End of the Western |author=Byman, Jeremy |publisher=Scarecrow Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-8108-4998-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WIp2PfC1Mm4C}}</ref>Nakon što je njegovo odbijanje da navede imena objavljeno u javnosti, Foremanov produkcijski partner [[Stanley Kramer]] zatražio je hitno raskid njihovog partnerstva. Kao potpisnik zajma za produkciju, Foreman je ostao u projektu filma; ali prije prikazivanja filma, prodao je svoj partnerski udio Krameru i preselio se u Veliku Britaniju, znajući da više neće naći posao u Sjedinjenim Državama.<ref name="Byman" /> Kramer je kasnije tvrdio da je prekinuo njihovo partnerstvo jer je Foreman zaprijetio da će ga pred HUAC-om lažno prozvati komunistom. Foreman je rekao da se Kramer plašio štete po svoju karijeru zbog "krivnje zbog udruživanja". Foreman je zaista bio na crnoj listi holivudskih studija zbog etikete "nekooperativnog svjedoka" i dodatnog pritiska predsjednika [[Columbia Pictures]]a [[Harryja Cohna]], [[Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals|MPA]] predsjednika [[John Wayne|Johna Waynea]], i trač kolumnistice ''[[Los Angeles Times]]a'' [[Hedda Hopper|Hedde Hopper]].<ref name="Byman" /> Prema dokumentarnom filmu iz 2002. ''Mrak u podne: Dokumenti Carla Foremana'' zasnovanom dijelom na dugačkom pismu Foremana filmskom kritičaru [[Bosley Crowther]]u iz 1952. Foremanova uloga u stvaranju i produkciji filma ''Tačno u podne'' godinama je nepravedno umanjivana u korist Kramera. Foreman je rekao Crowtheru da je film nastao iz plana radnje koje je napisao na četiri stranice, a ispostavilo se da je vrlo sličan kratkoj priči [[John W. Cunningham]]a pod nazivom "Limena zvijezda". Foreman je otkupio filmska prava na Cunninghamovu priču i napisao scenarij. U vrijeme kada je dokumentarni film prikazan, većina aktera je bila pokojna, uključujući Kramera, Foremana, Zinnemanna i Coopera. [[Victor Navasky]], autor knjige ''Imenovanje imena'', definitivnog prikaza holivudske crne liste, rekao je novinaru da je, na osnovu njegovih intervjua s Kramerovom udovicom i drugima, dokumentarac izgledao "jednostrano, a problem da li je Stanley Kramer prikazan kao negativac, stvar je dosta komplikovana."<ref name="nytimes">{{cite web|title='High Noon,' High Dudgeon|author=Weinraub, Bernard|work=The New York Times|date=April 18, 2002|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/18/movies/high-noon-high-dudgeon.html}}</ref>[[Richard Fleischer]] je kasnije tvrdio da je pomogao Carlu Foremanu da razvije priču filma tokom osam sedmica dok se vozio do i sa seta filma "[[Glineni golub(film)|Glineni golub]]" (1949.) koji su zajedno snimili. Fleischer kaže da ga je njegov RKO ugovor spriječio da režira "Tačno u podne".<ref name="richard">{{cite book|first=Richard|last=Fleischer|title=Just Tell Me When to Cry: A Memoir|year=1993|publisher=Carroll and Graf|pages=35–36}}</ref> == Reference == {{Refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Wikiquote}} {{commons category}} * {{IMDb title|0044706|High Noon}} * {{TCMDb title|24083|High Noon}} * {{AllMovie title|22384|High Noon}} * {{Rotten Tomatoes|1046060-high_noon|High Noon}} *''High Noon'' essay by Daniel Eagan in America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the National Film Registry, A&C Black, 2010 {{ISBN|0826429777}}, pages 458–460 [https://www.google.com/books/edition/America_s_Film_Legacy/deq3xI8OmCkC?hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwicy-G58bHsAhUQkHIEHUm-AsEQiKUDMBZ6BAgGEAQ] * [https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2020/01/23/34-best-political-movies-ever-made/ "The 34 best political movies ever made"], [[Ann Hornaday]], ''The Washington Post'' January 23, 2020), ranked #27 {{Šablon:Oscar za glavnog glumca}} [[Kategorija:Filmovi iz 1952.]] [[Kategorija:Američki crno-bijeli filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Američki vesterni]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi na engleskom jeziku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u režiji Freda Zinnemanna]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi s radnjom u Novom Meksiku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi United Artistsa]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u Nacionalnom filmskom registru Sjedinjenih Američkih Država]] sd6wmjt90k3l1hu1j59krof8u8bqrn3 3427007 3426980 2022-08-02T05:29:36Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film | name = High Noon | image = High Noon (1952 poster).jpg | caption = Poster za kina | director = [[Fred Zinnemann]] | producer = [[Stanley Kramer]] | scenarist = [[Carl Foreman]] (zasnovano na kratkoj priči "The Tin Star" [[John W. Cunningham|Johna W. Cunninghama]] iz 1947) | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[Gary Cooper]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (glumac)|Thomas Mitchell]] * [[Lloyd Bridges]] * [[Katy Jurado]] * [[Grace Kelly]] * [[Otto Kruger]] * [[Lon Chaney Jr.|Lon Chaney]]<!-- Potpisan kao "Lon Chaney" --> * [[Harry Morgan|Henry Morgan]]<!-- Potpisan kao "Henry Morgan" --> }} | music = [[Dimitri Tiomkin]] | cinematography = [[Floyd Crosby]] | editing = [[Elmo Williams]]<br/>[[Harry W. Gerstad]] | studio = Stanley Kramer Productions | distributor = [[United Artists]] | released = {{Film date|1952|7|24}} | runtime = 85 minuta | country = {{ZID|SAD}} | language = [[Engleski jezik|Engleski]] | budget = 730.000 $<ref>{{cite news|author=Champlin, C.|date=10. 10. 1966|title=Foreman hopes to reverse runaway|work=Los Angeles Times|id={{ProQuest|155553672}}}}</ref> | gross = 12 miliona $<ref>Tino Balio, ''United Artists: The Company That Changed the Film Industry'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1987, str. 47.</ref> }} ''''''Tačno u podne'''''' američki je [[vestern]] snimljen 1952. u produkciji [[Stanley Kramer|Stanleyja Kramera]] prema scenariju [[Carl Foreman|Carla Foremana]], a u režiji [[Fred Zinnemann|Freda Zinnemanana]]. Glavnu ulogu tumači [[Gary Cooper]]. Radnja se fokusira na gradskog šerifa, čiji je osjećaj dužnosti testiran kada mora odlučiti da li da se sam suoči s bandom ubica ili da napusti grad sa svojom tek vjenčanom suprugom. Iako je u vrijeme prikazivanja imao status kontroverznog filma zbog političkih tema, film je nominiran za sedam [[Oscar]]a, osvojivši četiri: za [[Oscar za najbolju glavnu mušku ulogu|najboljeg glavnog glumca]], [[Oscar za najbolju montažu|najbolju montažu]], [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu pjesmu|originalnu pjesmu]],<ref name="oscars">{{cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1953|title=The 25th Academy Awards – 1953|website=oscars.org|access-date=3. 7. 2020}}</ref>, te četiri [[Zlatni globus|Zlatna globusa]]: za [[Zlatni globus za najboljeg glumca – drama|najboljeg glumca]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju sporednu glumicu|sporednu glumicu]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i najbolji crno-bijeli film.<ref name="globes">[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0044706/awards IMDB List] of nominations and awards for [[Stanley Kramer]]'s ''High Noon''.</ref> Nagrađenu muziku za film komponirao je [[Dimitri Tiomkin]]. Godine 1989. [[Kongresna biblioteka]] odabrala je ''Tačno u podne'' kao jedan od prvih 25 filmova za očuvanje u [[Nacionalni filmski registar|Nacionalnom filmskom registru]] Sjedinjenih Država jer je "kulturno, historijski ili estetski važan".<ref>{{cite news|date=19. 9. 1989|title=ENTERTAINMENT: Film Registry Picks First 25 Movies|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-19-mn-347-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=22. 4. 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Complete National Film Registry Listing |url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|access-date=30. 10. 2020|website=Library of Congress}}</ref>Film je stekao legendarni status zbog svoje priče koja je djelomično ili potpuno ponovljena u kasnijim filmskim produkcijama, a posebno njegov završetak inspirirao je brojne kasnije filmove, uključujući vesterne kao i ostale žanrove. == Radnja == U Hadleyvilleu, gradiću na teritoriji današnjeg [[Novi Meksiko|Novog Meksika]], lokalni šerif [[Will Kane]], tek oženjen s Amy Fowler, priprema se za penziju. Sretni par uskoro će krenuti u novi život kako bi osnovali porodicu i vodili radnju u drugom gradu. Međutim, stiže vijest da je Frank Miller, opaki odmetnik koga je Kane nekoć poslao u zatvor, oslobođen i da će stići podnevnim vozom. Millerova banda – njegov mlađi brat Ben, Jack Colby i Jim Pierce – čekaju njegov dolazak na željezničkoj stanici. [[Datoteka:High Noon1.JPG|thumb|left|Will Kane i Amy Fowler se raspravljaju u šerifovoj kancelariji]] Za pobožnu Amy, koja je po vjeroispovijesti [[Kveker]] a po uvjerenju [[Pacifizam|pacifist]], rješenje je jednostavno – napustiti grad prije nego što Miller stigne – ali Kaneov osjećaj dužnosti i časti ga tjeraju da ostane. Osim toga, kaže on, Miller i njegova banda će ga ionako uloviti. Amy postavlja Kaneu ultimatum: otići podnevnim vozom, sa ili bez njega. Kane posjećuje niz starih prijatelja i saveznika, ali niko ne može (ili neće) pomoći: sudija Percy Mettrick, koji je osudio Millera, bježi na konju i poziva Kanea da učini isto. Kaneov mladi zamjenik Harvey Pell, koji je ogorčen što ga Kane nije preporučio za svog nasljednika, kaže da će stati uz Kanea samo ako Kane ode kod gradskih očeva i "kaže koju riječ" za njega. Kada Kane odbije to učiniti, Pell mu predaje svoju značku. Kaneovi napori da okupi grupu u Ramírezovom salunu, a zatim i crkvu, nailaze na strah i neprijateljstvo. Neki građani, zabrinuti da bi pucnjava mogla naštetiti ugledu grada, pozivaju Kanea da u potpunosti izbjegne sukob. Neki su Millerovi prijatelji, ali drugi zamjeraju što je Kane uopće počistio grad. Neki su mišljenja da njihov novac od [[porez]]a ide za podršku lokalnim snagama zakona i da borba nije odgovornost grupe. Sam Fuller se krije u svojoj kući, šaljući svoju ženu Mildred do vrata da kaže Kaneu da nije kod kuće. Jimmy nudi pomoć, ali je slabovidan i pijan; Kane ga šalje kući radi njegove vlastite sigurnosti. Gradonačelnik nastavlja ohrabrivati ​​Kanea da jednostavno napusti grad. Kaneov prethodnik, Martin Howe, ne može pomoći Kaneu, jer je prestar i artritičan. Herb Baker je pristao da bude zamjienjen, ali odustaje kada shvati da je on jedini dobrovoljac. Konačna ponuda pomoći dolazi od 14-godišnjeg Johnnyja; Kane se divi dječakovoj hrabrosti, ali odbija njegovu pomoć. Dok u hotelu čeka voz, Amy upoznaje Helen Ramírez, koja je nekada bila Millerova ljubavnica, zatim Kaneova, te na kraju Pellova, a koja također odlazi iz grada. Helen kaže Amy da da je Kane njen muškarac, i ne bi ga nikad napustila u trenutku velike potrebe. U štali, Pell osedlava konja i pokušava nagovoriti Kanea da ga uzme. Njihov razgovor prerasta u svađu, a potom i tuču. Kane konačno baca u nesvijest svog bivšeg zamjenika. Kane se vraća u svoju kancelariju da napiše oporuku dok sat otkucava prema podnevu. Kane tada izlazi na ulicu kako bi se sam suočio s Millerom i njegovom bandom. Amy i Ramirez prolaze u kočiji s prtljagom, putujući do željezničke stanice. Kane i Amy razmjenjuju kratke poglede, a onda Amy gleda pravo ispred sebe dok prolazi pored Kanea. Kamera u punom planu prikazuje Kanea kako stoji sam u napuštenoj ulici. Ubrzo počinje pucnjava. Dok se voz sprema da krene, Amy lčuje pucnjavu, skače i trči nazad u grad. Kane ubija Bena Millera i Colbyja, ali je ranjen dok Miller pokušava požarom istjerati Kanea iz štale. Birajući između života svog muža i svojih vjerskih uvjerenja, Amy uzima pištolj koji visi u Kaneovoj kancelariji (nekoć je bio Pellov pištolj; okačio ga je tamo kada je dao ostavku na mjesto zamjenika zgađen zbog Kaneovog tretmana prema njemu) i puca u Piercea s leđa, ostavljajući samo Franka Millera, koji zgrabi Amy kao ljudski štit da bi natjerao Kanea da izađe napolje. Kada je Amy zagrebala Millerovo lice noktima, on čini kobnu grešku gurnuvši je na tlo, a Kane koristi tu priliku da ga ubije. Kane pomaže svojoj novovjenčanoj supruzi da ustane i oni se grle. Dok građani izlaze i okupljaju se oko njega, Kane baca svoju šerifsku zvijezdu na zemlju, bijesno gleda u gomilu i odlazi s Amy na njihovim kočijama. == Uloge == [[Datoteka:Gary Cooper in High Noon 1952.JPG|thumb|Gary Cooper kao šerif Will Kane]] [[Datoteka:GraceKellyHighNoonTrailerScreenshot1952.jpg|thumb|Grace Kelly kao Amy Fowler Kane]] [[Datoteka:Katy Jurado in High Noon.png|thumb|upright|Katy Jurado kao Helen Ramírez]] * [[Gary Cooper]] - šerif [[Will Kane]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (glumac)|Thomas Mitchell]] - gradonačelnik Jonas Henderson * [[Lloyd Bridges]] - zamjenik šerifa Harvey Pell * [[Katy Jurado]] - Helen Ramírez * [[Grace Kelly]] - Amy Fowler Kane * [[Otto Kruger]] - sudija Percy Mettrick * [[Lon Chaney Jr.]] - Martin Howe, bivši šerif * [[Harry Morgan]] - Sam Fuller * [[Ian MacDonald (glumac)|Ian MacDonald]] - Frank Miller * [[Eve McVeagh]] - Mildred Fuller * [[Morgan Farley]] - dr. Mahin, svećenik * [[Harry Shannon (glumac)|Harry Shannon]] - Cooper * [[Lee Van Cleef]] - Jack Colby * [[Robert J. Wilke]] - Jim Pierce * [[Sheb Wooley]] - Ben Miller == Produkcija == Vrijeme produkcije i prikazivanja filma dešavali su se za vrijeme [[Crvena panika|Crvene panike]] i [[Korejski rat|Korejskog rata]]. Godine 1951, tokom produkcije filma, [[Carl Foreman]] bio je pozvan pred [[Komitet za neameričke aktivnosti]] (HUAC) tokom njegove istrage o "komunističkoj propagandi i utjecaju" u filmskoj industriji. Foreman je nekada bio član [[Komunistička partija|Komunističke partije]], ali je odbio da identifikuje svoje kolege ili bilo koga za koga je sumnjao da je trenutno član. Kao rezultat toga, komisija ga je označila kao "nekooperativnog svjedoka", što ga je uvrstilo na [[Holivudska crna lista|Holivudsku crnu listu]].<ref name="Byman">{{cite book |title=Showdown at High Noon: Witch-hunts, Critics, and the End of the Western |author=Byman, Jeremy |publisher=Scarecrow Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-8108-4998-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WIp2PfC1Mm4C}}</ref>Nakon što je njegovo odbijanje da navede imena objavljeno u javnosti, Foremanov produkcijski partner [[Stanley Kramer]] zatražio je hitno raskid njihovog partnerstva. Kao potpisnik zajma za produkciju, Foreman je ostao u projektu filma; ali prije prikazivanja filma, prodao je svoj partnerski udio Krameru i preselio se u Veliku Britaniju, znajući da više neće naći posao u Sjedinjenim Državama.<ref name="Byman"/> Kramer je kasnije tvrdio da je prekinuo njihovo partnerstvo jer je Foreman zaprijetio da će ga pred HUAC-om lažno prozvati komunistom. Foreman je rekao da se Kramer plašio štete po svoju karijeru zbog "krivnje zbog udruživanja". Foreman je zaista bio na crnoj listi holivudskih studija zbog etikete "nekooperativnog svjedoka" i dodatnog pritiska predsjednika [[Columbia Pictures]]a [[Harryja Cohna]], [[Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals|MPA]] predsjednika [[John Wayne|Johna Waynea]], i trač kolumnistice ''[[Los Angeles Times]]a'' [[Hedda Hopper|Hedde Hopper]].<ref name="Byman"/> Prema dokumentarnom filmu iz 2002. ''Mrak u podne: Dokumenti Carla Foremana'', djelomično zasnovanom na dugačkom pismu Foremana filmskom kritičaru [[Bosley Crowther]]u iz 1952. Foremanova uloga u stvaranju i produkciji filma ''Tačno u podne'' godinama je nepravedno umanjivana u korist Kramera. Foreman je rekao Crowtheru da je film nastao iz plana radnje koje je napisao na četiri stranice, a ispostavilo se da je vrlo sličan kratkoj priči [[John W. Cunningham]]a pod nazivom "Limena zvijezda". Foreman je otkupio filmska prava na Cunninghamovu priču i napisao scenarij. U vrijeme kada je dokumentarni film prikazan, većina aktera je bila pokojna, uključujući Kramera, Foremana, Zinnemanna i Coopera. [[Victor Navasky]], autor knjige ''Imenovanje imena'', definitivnog prikaza holivudske crne liste, rekao je novinaru da je, na osnovu njegovih intervjua s Kramerovom udovicom i drugima, dokumentarac izgledao "jednostrano, a problem da li je Stanley Kramer prikazan kao negativac, stvar je dosta komplikovana."<ref name="nytimes">{{cite web|title='High Noon,' High Dudgeon|author=Weinraub, Bernard|work=The New York Times|date=18. 4. 2002|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/18/movies/high-noon-high-dudgeon.html}}</ref>[[Richard Fleischer]] je kasnije tvrdio da je pomogao Carlu Foremanu da razvije priču filma tokom osam sedmica dok se vozio do i sa seta filma ''[[Glineni golub (film)|Glineni golub]]'' (1949), koji su zajedno snimili. Fleischer kaže da ga je njegov RKO ugovor spriječio da režira ''Tačno u podne''.<ref name="richard">{{cite book|first=Richard|last=Fleischer|title=Just Tell Me When to Cry: A Memoir|year=1993|publisher=Carroll and Graf|pages=35–36}}</ref> == Reference == {{Refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Wikiquote}} {{commons category}} * {{IMDb title|0044706|Tačno u podne}} * {{TCMDb title|24083|Tačno u podne}} * {{AllMovie title|22384|Tačno u podne}} * {{Rotten Tomatoes|1046060-high_noon|Tačno u podne}} *''High Noon'' essay by Daniel Eagan in America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the National Film Registry, A&C Black, 2010 {{ISBN|0826429777}}, pages 458–460 [https://www.google.com/books/edition/America_s_Film_Legacy/deq3xI8OmCkC?hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwicy-G58bHsAhUQkHIEHUm-AsEQiKUDMBZ6BAgGEAQ] * [https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2020/01/23/34-best-political-movies-ever-made/ "The 34 best political movies ever made"], [[Ann Hornaday]], ''The Washington Post'' January 23, 2020), ranked #27 {{AFI-jevih 10 top 10}} [[Kategorija:Filmovi iz 1952.]] [[Kategorija:Američki crno-bijeli filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Američki vesterni]] [[Kategorija:Antivesterni]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi na engleskom jeziku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u režiji Freda Zinnemanna]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Oscar za najbolju glavnu mušku ulogu]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Zlatni globus za najbolju sporednu glumicu]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Oscar za najbolju montažu]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Oscar za najbolju originalnu muziku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Oscar za najbolju originalnu pjesmu]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Zlatni globus za najboljeg glumca - drama]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi s radnjom u Novom Meksiku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi snimljeni u Kaliforniji]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi United Artistsa]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi s muzikom Dimitrija Tiomkina]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u Nacionalnom filmskom registru Sjedinjenih Američkih Država]] nzdzdplxfwzo7af0prqenzbcbsttxal 3427010 3427007 2022-08-02T05:40:37Z KWiki 9400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film | name = High Noon | image = High Noon (1952 poster).jpg | caption = Poster za kina | director = [[Fred Zinnemann]] | producer = [[Stanley Kramer]] | scenarist = [[Carl Foreman]] (zasnovano na kratkoj priči "The Tin Star" [[John W. Cunningham|Johna W. Cunninghama]] iz 1947) | starring = {{Plainlist| * [[Gary Cooper]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (glumac)|Thomas Mitchell]] * [[Lloyd Bridges]] * [[Katy Jurado]] * [[Grace Kelly]] * [[Otto Kruger]] * [[Lon Chaney Jr.|Lon Chaney]]<!-- Potpisan kao "Lon Chaney" --> * [[Harry Morgan|Henry Morgan]]<!-- Potpisan kao "Henry Morgan" --> }} | music = [[Dimitri Tiomkin]] | cinematography = [[Floyd Crosby]] | editing = [[Elmo Williams]]<br/>[[Harry W. Gerstad]] | studio = Stanley Kramer Productions | distributor = [[United Artists]] | released = {{Film date|1952|7|24}} | runtime = 85 minuta | country = {{ZID|SAD}} | language = [[Engleski jezik|Engleski]] | budget = 730.000 $<ref>{{cite news|author=Champlin, C.|date=10. 10. 1966|title=Foreman hopes to reverse runaway|work=Los Angeles Times|id={{ProQuest|155553672}}}}</ref> | gross = 12 miliona $<ref>Tino Balio, ''United Artists: The Company That Changed the Film Industry'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1987, str. 47.</ref> }} '''''Tačno u podne''''' američki je [[vestern]] snimljen 1952. u produkciji [[Stanley Kramer|Stanleyja Kramera]] prema scenariju [[Carl Foreman|Carla Foremana]], a u režiji [[Fred Zinnemann|Freda Zinnemana]]. Glavnu ulogu tumači [[Gary Cooper]]. Radnja se fokusira na gradskog šerifa, čiji je osjećaj dužnosti testiran kada mora odlučiti da li da se sam suoči s bandom ubica ili da napusti grad sa svojom tek vjenčanom suprugom. Iako je u vrijeme prikazivanja imao status kontroverznog filma zbog političkih tema, film je nominiran za sedam [[Oscar]]a, osvojivši četiri: za [[Oscar za najbolju glavnu mušku ulogu|najboljeg glavnog glumca]], [[Oscar za najbolju montažu|najbolju montažu]], [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i [[Oscar za najbolju originalnu pjesmu|originalnu pjesmu]],<ref name="oscars">{{cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1953|title=The 25th Academy Awards – 1953|website=oscars.org|access-date=3. 7. 2020}}</ref>, te četiri [[Zlatni globus|Zlatna globusa]]: za [[Zlatni globus za najboljeg glumca – drama|najboljeg glumca]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju sporednu glumicu|sporednu glumicu]], [[Zlatni globus za najbolju originalnu muziku|originalnu muziku]] i najbolji crno-bijeli film.<ref name="globes">[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0044706/awards IMDB List] of nominations and awards for [[Stanley Kramer]]'s ''High Noon''.</ref> Nagrađenu muziku za film komponirao je [[Dimitri Tiomkin]]. Godine 1989. [[Kongresna biblioteka]] odabrala je ''Tačno u podne'' kao jedan od prvih 25 filmova za očuvanje u [[Nacionalni filmski registar|Nacionalnom filmskom registru]] Sjedinjenih Država jer je "kulturno, historijski ili estetski važan".<ref>{{cite news|date=19. 9. 1989|title=ENTERTAINMENT: Film Registry Picks First 25 Movies|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-19-mn-347-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=22. 4. 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Complete National Film Registry Listing |url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|access-date=30. 10. 2020|website=Library of Congress}}</ref>Film je stekao legendarni status zbog svoje priče koja je djelomično ili potpuno ponovljena u kasnijim filmskim produkcijama, a posebno njegov završetak inspirirao je brojne kasnije filmove, uključujući vesterne kao i ostale žanrove. == Radnja == U Hadleyvilleu, gradiću na teritoriji današnjeg [[Novi Meksiko|Novog Meksika]], lokalni šerif [[Will Kane]], tek oženjen s Amy Fowler, priprema se za penziju. Sretni par uskoro će krenuti u novi život kako bi osnovali porodicu i vodili radnju u drugom gradu. Međutim, stiže vijest da je Frank Miller, opaki odmetnik koga je Kane nekoć poslao u zatvor, oslobođen i da će stići podnevnim vozom. Millerova banda – njegov mlađi brat Ben, Jack Colby i Jim Pierce – čekaju njegov dolazak na željezničkoj stanici. [[Datoteka:High Noon1.JPG|thumb|left|Will Kane i Amy Fowler se raspravljaju u šerifovoj kancelariji]] Za pobožnu Amy, koja je po vjeroispovijesti [[Kveker]] a po uvjerenju [[Pacifizam|pacifist]], rješenje je jednostavno – napustiti grad prije nego što Miller stigne – ali Kaneov osjećaj dužnosti i časti ga tjeraju da ostane. Osim toga, kaže on, Miller i njegova banda će ga ionako uloviti. Amy postavlja Kaneu ultimatum: otići podnevnim vozom, sa ili bez njega. Kane posjećuje niz starih prijatelja i saveznika, ali niko ne može (ili neće) pomoći: sudija Percy Mettrick, koji je osudio Millera, bježi na konju i poziva Kanea da učini isto. Kaneov mladi zamjenik Harvey Pell, koji je ogorčen što ga Kane nije preporučio za svog nasljednika, kaže da će stati uz Kanea samo ako Kane ode kod gradskih očeva i "kaže koju riječ" za njega. Kada Kane odbije to učiniti, Pell mu predaje svoju značku. Kaneovi napori da okupi grupu u Ramírezovom salunu, a zatim i crkvu, nailaze na strah i neprijateljstvo. Neki građani, zabrinuti da bi pucnjava mogla naštetiti ugledu grada, pozivaju Kanea da u potpunosti izbjegne sukob. Neki su Millerovi prijatelji, ali drugi zamjeraju što je Kane uopće počistio grad. Neki su mišljenja da njihov novac od [[porez]]a ide za podršku lokalnim snagama zakona i da borba nije odgovornost grupe. Sam Fuller se krije u svojoj kući, šaljući svoju ženu Mildred do vrata da kaže Kaneu da nije kod kuće. Jimmy nudi pomoć, ali je slabovidan i pijan; Kane ga šalje kući radi njegove vlastite sigurnosti. Gradonačelnik nastavlja ohrabrivati ​​Kanea da jednostavno napusti grad. Kaneov prethodnik, Martin Howe, ne može pomoći Kaneu, jer je prestar i artritičan. Herb Baker je pristao da bude zamjienjen, ali odustaje kada shvati da je on jedini dobrovoljac. Konačna ponuda pomoći dolazi od 14-godišnjeg Johnnyja; Kane se divi dječakovoj hrabrosti, ali odbija njegovu pomoć. Dok u hotelu čeka voz, Amy upoznaje Helen Ramírez, koja je nekada bila Millerova ljubavnica, zatim Kaneova, te na kraju Pellova, a koja također odlazi iz grada. Helen kaže Amy da da je Kane njen muškarac, i ne bi ga nikad napustila u trenutku velike potrebe. U štali, Pell osedlava konja i pokušava nagovoriti Kanea da ga uzme. Njihov razgovor prerasta u svađu, a potom i tuču. Kane konačno baca u nesvijest svog bivšeg zamjenika. Kane se vraća u svoju kancelariju da napiše oporuku dok sat otkucava prema podnevu. Kane tada izlazi na ulicu kako bi se sam suočio s Millerom i njegovom bandom. Amy i Ramirez prolaze u kočiji s prtljagom, putujući do željezničke stanice. Kane i Amy razmjenjuju kratke poglede, a onda Amy gleda pravo ispred sebe dok prolazi pored Kanea. Kamera u punom planu prikazuje Kanea kako stoji sam u napuštenoj ulici. Ubrzo počinje pucnjava. Dok se voz sprema da krene, Amy lčuje pucnjavu, skače i trči nazad u grad. Kane ubija Bena Millera i Colbyja, ali je ranjen dok Miller pokušava požarom istjerati Kanea iz štale. Birajući između života svog muža i svojih vjerskih uvjerenja, Amy uzima pištolj koji visi u Kaneovoj kancelariji (nekoć je bio Pellov pištolj; okačio ga je tamo kada je dao ostavku na mjesto zamjenika zgađen zbog Kaneovog tretmana prema njemu) i puca u Piercea s leđa, ostavljajući samo Franka Millera, koji zgrabi Amy kao ljudski štit da bi natjerao Kanea da izađe napolje. Kada je Amy zagrebala Millerovo lice noktima, on čini kobnu grešku gurnuvši je na tlo, a Kane koristi tu priliku da ga ubije. Kane pomaže svojoj novovjenčanoj supruzi da ustane i oni se grle. Dok građani izlaze i okupljaju se oko njega, Kane baca svoju šerifsku zvijezdu na zemlju, bijesno gleda u gomilu i odlazi s Amy na njihovim kočijama. == Uloge == [[Datoteka:Gary Cooper in High Noon 1952.JPG|thumb|Gary Cooper kao šerif Will Kane]] [[Datoteka:GraceKellyHighNoonTrailerScreenshot1952.jpg|thumb|Grace Kelly kao Amy Fowler Kane]] [[Datoteka:Katy Jurado in High Noon.png|thumb|upright|Katy Jurado kao Helen Ramírez]] * [[Gary Cooper]] - šerif [[Will Kane]] * [[Thomas Mitchell (glumac)|Thomas Mitchell]] - gradonačelnik Jonas Henderson * [[Lloyd Bridges]] - zamjenik šerifa Harvey Pell * [[Katy Jurado]] - Helen Ramírez * [[Grace Kelly]] - Amy Fowler Kane * [[Otto Kruger]] - sudija Percy Mettrick * [[Lon Chaney Jr.]] - Martin Howe, bivši šerif * [[Harry Morgan]] - Sam Fuller * [[Ian MacDonald (glumac)|Ian MacDonald]] - Frank Miller * [[Eve McVeagh]] - Mildred Fuller * [[Morgan Farley]] - dr. Mahin, svećenik * [[Harry Shannon (glumac)|Harry Shannon]] - Cooper * [[Lee Van Cleef]] - Jack Colby * [[Robert J. Wilke]] - Jim Pierce * [[Sheb Wooley]] - Ben Miller == Produkcija == Vrijeme produkcije i prikazivanja filma dešavali su se za vrijeme [[Crvena panika|Crvene panike]] i [[Korejski rat|Korejskog rata]]. Godine 1951, tokom produkcije filma, [[Carl Foreman]] bio je pozvan pred [[Komitet za neameričke aktivnosti]] (HUAC) tokom njegove istrage o "komunističkoj propagandi i utjecaju" u filmskoj industriji. Foreman je nekada bio član [[Komunistička partija|Komunističke partije]], ali je odbio da identifikuje svoje kolege ili bilo koga za koga je sumnjao da je trenutno član. Kao rezultat toga, komisija ga je označila kao "nekooperativnog svjedoka", što ga je uvrstilo na [[Holivudska crna lista|Holivudsku crnu listu]].<ref name="Byman">{{cite book |title=Showdown at High Noon: Witch-hunts, Critics, and the End of the Western |author=Byman, Jeremy |publisher=Scarecrow Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-8108-4998-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WIp2PfC1Mm4C}}</ref>Nakon što je njegovo odbijanje da navede imena objavljeno u javnosti, Foremanov produkcijski partner [[Stanley Kramer]] zatražio je hitno raskid njihovog partnerstva. Kao potpisnik zajma za produkciju, Foreman je ostao u projektu filma; ali prije prikazivanja filma, prodao je svoj partnerski udio Krameru i preselio se u Veliku Britaniju, znajući da više neće naći posao u Sjedinjenim Državama.<ref name="Byman"/> Kramer je kasnije tvrdio da je prekinuo njihovo partnerstvo jer je Foreman zaprijetio da će ga pred HUAC-om lažno prozvati komunistom. Foreman je rekao da se Kramer plašio štete po svoju karijeru zbog "krivnje zbog udruživanja". Foreman je zaista bio na crnoj listi holivudskih studija zbog etikete "nekooperativnog svjedoka" i dodatnog pritiska predsjednika [[Columbia Pictures]]a [[Harryja Cohna]], [[Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals|MPA]] predsjednika [[John Wayne|Johna Waynea]], i trač kolumnistice ''[[Los Angeles Times]]a'' [[Hedda Hopper|Hedde Hopper]].<ref name="Byman"/> Prema dokumentarnom filmu iz 2002. ''Mrak u podne: Dokumenti Carla Foremana'', djelomično zasnovanom na dugačkom pismu Foremana filmskom kritičaru [[Bosley Crowther]]u iz 1952. Foremanova uloga u stvaranju i produkciji filma ''Tačno u podne'' godinama je nepravedno umanjivana u korist Kramera. Foreman je rekao Crowtheru da je film nastao iz plana radnje koje je napisao na četiri stranice, a ispostavilo se da je vrlo sličan kratkoj priči [[John W. Cunningham]]a pod nazivom "Limena zvijezda". Foreman je otkupio filmska prava na Cunninghamovu priču i napisao scenarij. U vrijeme kada je dokumentarni film prikazan, većina aktera je bila pokojna, uključujući Kramera, Foremana, Zinnemanna i Coopera. [[Victor Navasky]], autor knjige ''Imenovanje imena'', definitivnog prikaza holivudske crne liste, rekao je novinaru da je, na osnovu njegovih intervjua s Kramerovom udovicom i drugima, dokumentarac izgledao "jednostrano, a problem da li je Stanley Kramer prikazan kao negativac, stvar je dosta komplikovana."<ref name="nytimes">{{cite web|title='High Noon,' High Dudgeon|author=Weinraub, Bernard|work=The New York Times|date=18. 4. 2002|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/18/movies/high-noon-high-dudgeon.html}}</ref>[[Richard Fleischer]] je kasnije tvrdio da je pomogao Carlu Foremanu da razvije priču filma tokom osam sedmica dok se vozio do i sa seta filma ''[[Glineni golub (film)|Glineni golub]]'' (1949), koji su zajedno snimili. Fleischer kaže da ga je njegov RKO ugovor spriječio da režira ''Tačno u podne''.<ref name="richard">{{cite book|first=Richard|last=Fleischer|title=Just Tell Me When to Cry: A Memoir|year=1993|publisher=Carroll and Graf|pages=35–36}}</ref> == Reference == {{Refspisak}} == Vanjski linkovi == {{Wikiquote}} {{commonscat|High Noon}} * {{IMDb title|0044706|Tačno u podne}} * {{TCMDb title|24083|Tačno u podne}} * {{AllMovie title|22384|Tačno u podne}} * {{Rotten Tomatoes|1046060-high_noon|Tačno u podne}} * Esej Daniela Eagana o ''Tačno u podne'' u "Američkom filmskom naslijeđu": The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the National Film Registry, A&C Black, 2010, str. 458–460; {{ISBN|0826429777}}; [https://www.google.com/books/edition/America_s_Film_Legacy/deq3xI8OmCkC?hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwicy-G58bHsAhUQkHIEHUm-AsEQiKUDMBZ6BAgGEAQ] * [https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2020/01/23/34-best-political-movies-ever-made/ "The 34 best political movies ever made"], [[Ann Hornaday]], ''[[The Washington Post]]'', 23. 1. 2020; rangiran na 27. mjesto {{AFI-jevih 10 top 10}} [[Kategorija:Filmovi iz 1952.]] [[Kategorija:Američki crno-bijeli filmovi]] [[Kategorija:Američki vesterni]] [[Kategorija:Antivesterni]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi na engleskom jeziku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u režiji Freda Zinnemanna]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Oscar za najbolju glavnu mušku ulogu]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Zlatni globus za najbolju sporednu glumicu]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Oscar za najbolju montažu]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Oscar za najbolju originalnu muziku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Oscar za najbolju originalnu pjesmu]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi koji su dobili Zlatni globus za najboljeg glumca - drama]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi s radnjom u Novom Meksiku]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi snimljeni u Kaliforniji]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi United Artistsa]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi s muzikom Dimitrija Tiomkina]] [[Kategorija:Filmovi u Nacionalnom filmskom registru Sjedinjenih Američkih Država]] snth96azaynmtga5kfxgf3nblw10r86 14 492506 3427008 2022-08-02T05:30:58Z KWiki 9400 Nova stranica: [[Kategorija:Filmska muzika po kompozitoru|Tiomkin, Dimitri]] wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kategorija:Filmska muzika po kompozitoru|Tiomkin, Dimitri]] qe93hbvr4rnsy6t98nklzxr1nztjwc8 0 492507 3427017 2022-08-02T08:35:03Z 21775198.138-dopisnik 131410 Nova stranica: '''Prodromus''' (preteča ili prethodnik) zvani '''prodrom''' ([[grčki|grč.]] πρόδρομος – ''pródromos'' = onaj/ono koji/koje ide ispred) je termin koji se koristi u [[prirodne nauke|prirodnim naukama]] da opiše preliminarnu publikaciju namijenjenu kao osnova za kasniju, sveobuhvatniji rad. To je također medicinski izraz koji se koristi za [[premonitor]]ski [[simptom]], odnosno simptom koji ukazuje na početak bolesti.<ref>''Webster's Revised Unabridged Dict... wikitext text/x-wiki '''Prodromus''' (preteča ili prethodnik) zvani '''prodrom''' ([[grčki|grč.]] πρόδρομος – ''pródromos'' = onaj/ono koji/koje ide ispred) je termin koji se koristi u [[prirodne nauke|prirodnim naukama]] da opiše preliminarnu publikaciju namijenjenu kao osnova za kasniju, sveobuhvatniji rad. To je također medicinski izraz koji se koristi za [[premonitor]]ski [[simptom]], odnosno simptom koji ukazuje na početak bolesti.<ref>''Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary'', published 1913 by C. & G. Merriam Co.</ref><ref>''Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers'' (2007, Saunders)</ref> Poreklo reči je iz 19. stoljeća: preko [[francuski|francuskog]] od novolatinskog prodromus, od [[grčki|grčkog]] ''prodromos'' = preteča.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Collins|first1=Dictionary|title=Collins Dictionary|url=http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/prodrome|website=collinsdictionary.com|accessdate=16 February 2015}}</ref> ''De solido intra solidum naturaliter contento dissertationis prodromus'' [[Nicolas Steno|Nicolasa Stenoa]], jedna je od ranih rasprava koje pokušavaju objasniti pojavu fosila u čvrstoj stijeni. Latinski prijevod [[Ludovico Marracci|Ludovica Marraccija]] sa [[arapski|arapskog]] [[Kur'an]]a objavljen je 1698. Njegov 'Uvod' (''Prodromus'') objavljen je sedam godina ranije.<ref>Alastair Hamilton, ''After Marracci: The Reception of Ludovico Marracci’s Edition of The Qur’an in Northern Europe from the Late 17thC to the Early 19thC'', The Warburg Institute</ref> Drugi značajni prodromi uključuju ''Prodromus Entomology'', ''Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen'', ''Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis''. ==Reference== {{reflist}} [[Kategorija:Akademsko izdavaštvo]] [[Kategorija:Prirodne nauke]] [[Kategorija:Medicinska terminologija]] [[Kategorija:Naučna terminologija]] cea9i4n36ux00rxs47rnapgm0wkjijm 0 492508 3427018 2022-08-02T08:36:00Z 21775198.138-dopisnik 131410 Preusmjereno na [[Prodromus]] wikitext text/x-wiki #PREUSMJERI [[Prodromus]] mpapr1lnwaz36y5qsngfv5iezuq4b0j 0 492509 3427020 2022-08-02T09:05:36Z 21775198.138-dopisnik 131410 Nova stranica: '''Iskustvo''' se odnosi na događaje [[Svijest|svjesnosti]] uopće, tačnije na [[percepcija|percepciju]], ili na praktično [[znanje]] koje proizvode ovi svjesni procesi. Shvaćeno kao svjestan događaj u najširem smislu, iskustvo uključuje subjekt kojem se prezentiraju različiti predmeti. U tom smislu, viđenje žute [[ptice]] na grani predstavlja subjektu objekte "ptica" i "grana", odnos između njih i svojstvo "žuto". Mogu biti uključeni i nestvarni predmeti, što s... wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iskustvo''' se odnosi na događaje [[Svijest|svjesnosti]] uopće, tačnije na [[percepcija|percepciju]], ili na praktično [[znanje]] koje proizvode ovi svjesni procesi. Shvaćeno kao svjestan događaj u najširem smislu, iskustvo uključuje subjekt kojem se prezentiraju različiti predmeti. U tom smislu, viđenje žute [[ptice]] na grani predstavlja subjektu objekte "ptica" i "grana", odnos između njih i svojstvo "žuto". Mogu biti uključeni i nestvarni predmeti, što se dešava kada doživljavate [[halucinacije]] ili snove. Kada se shvati u ograničenom smislu, samo se čulna svijest računa kao iskustvo. U tom smislu, iskustvo se obično poistovećuje sa percepcijom i suprotstavlja se drugim tipovima svesnih događaja, kao što su [[razmišljanje]] ili [[imaginacija]]. U malo drugačijem smislu, iskustvo se ne odnosi na same svjesne događaje, već na praktično znanje i poznavanje koje oni proizvode. U tom smislu, važno je da direktan perceptivni kontakt sa [[Svijet#Filozofija uma|spoljašnjim svijetom]] bude izvor znanja. Dakle, iskusan planinar je neko ko je zaista proživio mnogo planinarenja, a ne neko ko je samo pročitao mnogo knjiga o planinarenju. Ovo je povezano i sa ponavljanjem prošlih poznanstava i [[sposobnost|sposobnosti]] naučenim kroz njih. Mnoge naučne debate o prirodi iskustva fokusiraju se na iskustvo kao svjesni događaj, bilo u širem ili ograničenom smislu. Jedna važna tema u ovoj oblasti je pitanje da li su sva iskustva [[Intencionalnost|namjerna]], tj. usmjerena su na objekte različite od njih samih. Druga debata se fokusira na pitanje da li postoje ne[[koncept]]na iskustva i, ako postoje, kakvu bi ulogu mogla imati u opravdavanju vjerovanja. Neki teoretičari tvrde da su iskustva „transparentna“, što znači da ono što iskustvo doživljava zavisi samo od sadržaja predstavljenih u ovom iskustvu. Drugi teoretičari odbacuju ovu tvrdnju ističući da nije važno samo ono što je predstavljeno, već i kako je predstavljeno. U akademskoj literaturi raspravlja se o velikom broju tipova iskustava. Perceptivna iskustva, naprimjer, predstavljaju vanjski svijet putem podražaja koje registruju i prenose osjetila. Iskustvo [[pamćenje|epizodnog pamćenja]], s druge strane, uključuje ponovno proživljavanje događaja iz prošlosti. U imaginativnom iskustvu, objekti se predstavljaju bez namjere da pokažu kako stvari zapravo jesu. Iskustvo razmišljanja uključuje mentalne reprezentacije i obradu informacija, u kojima se ideje ili prijedlozi zabavljaju, prosuđuju ili povezuju. [[Zadovoljstvo]] se odnosi na iskustvo koje daje dobar osjećaj. Usko je povezano sa [[Emocija|emocijskim]] iskustvom, koje ima dodatne evaluativne, fiziološke i bihevioralne komponente. [[Raspoloženje (psihologija)|Raspoloženja]] su slična emocijama, s jednom ključnom razlikom što im nedostaje specifičan objekat koji se nalazi u emocijama. Svjesne [[želja|želje]] uključuju iskustvo želje za nečim. Oni imaju centralnu ulogu u iskustvu djelovanja, u kojem se formiraju [[namjera|namjere]], planiraju tokovi [[Akcija (filozofija)|akcije]] i donose se i ostvaruju [[izbor|odluke]] . [[Promijenjeno stanje svijesti|Neobično iskustvo]] odnosi se na rijetka iskustva koja se značajno razlikuju od iskustva u običnom budnom stanju, kao što su [[religiozno iskustvo]], [[vantjelesno iskustvo]] ili [[iskustvo bliske smrti]]. O iskustvu se raspravlja u raznim disciplinama. [[Fenomenologija (filozofija)|Fenomenologija]] je nauka o strukturi i sadržaju iskustva. Koristi različite metode, poput [[epoha]] ili [[eidetična varijacija|identične varijacije]]. Senzorno iskustvo je od posebnog interesa za [[epistemologija|epistemologiju]]. Važna tradicijska rasprava u ovoj oblasti tiče se toga da li je svo znanje zasnovano na čulnom iskustvu, kako tvrde [[empiristi]], ili ne, kako tvrde [[racionalisti]]. Ovo je usko povezano s ulogom iskustva u [[nauka|nauci]], u kojoj se kaže da iskustvo djeluje kao neutralni arbitar između konkurentskih teorija. U [[metafizika|metafizici]] iskustvo je uključeno u [[problem uma i tijela]] i [[teški problem svijesti]], a oba pokušavaju da objasne odnos između materije i iskustva. U [[psihologija|psihologiji]], neki teoretičari smatraju da se svi koncepti uče iz iskustva, dok drugi tvrde da su neki koncepti urođeni. == Definicija == Termin "iskustvo" povezan je sa nizom blisko povezanih značenja, zbog čega se u akademskoj literaturi nalaze različite njegove definicije. Iskustvo se često shvata kao [[svijest|svjestan]] događaj. Ovo je ponekad ograničeno na određene tipove svijesti, poput [[percepcija]] ili [[čula]], kroz koje subjekt postiže znanje o svijetu.<ref name="Borchert">{{cite book |last1=Borchert |first1=Donald |title=Macmillan Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2nd Edition |date=2006 |publisher=Macmillan |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/BORMEO |chapter=Experience}}</ref> Ali u širem smislu, iskustvo uključuje i druge tipove svjesnih događaja osim percepcije i osjeta.<ref name="Smith">{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=David Woodruff |title=Phenomenology: 1. What is Phenomenology? |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/phenomenology/#WhatPhen |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=20 September 2021 |date=2018}}</ref><ref name="Gupta2012">{{cite journal |last1=Gupta |first1=Anil |title=An Account of Conscious Experience |journal=Analytic Philosophy |date=2012 |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=1–29 |doi=10.1111/j.2153-960X.2012.00545.x |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/GUPAAO}}</ref> Ovo je slučaj, naprimjer, za iskustvo razmišljanja ili iskustvo sanjanja.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jorba |first1=Marta |title=Is There a Specific Experience of Thinking? |journal=Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science |date=2010 |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=187–196 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/JORITA-6}}</ref> U drugačijem smislu, "iskustvo" se ne odnosi na same svjesne događaje, već na [[znanje]] i praktično znanje koje oni nose sa sobom.<ref name="Borchert"/><ref name="Masiello"/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Mittelstraß |first1=Jürgen |title=Enzyklopädie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie |date=2005 |publisher=Metzler |url=https://www.springer.com/de/book/9783476021083 |chapter=Erfahrung}}</ref> Prema ovom značenju, osoba sa radnim iskustvom ili iskusan planinar je neko ko ima dobro praktično poznavanje dotične oblasti. U tom smislu, iskustvo se ne odnosi na svesni proces, već na rezultat tog procesa. Riječ "iskustvo" dijeli zajednički [[latinski]] korijen s riječju "[[eksperimentacija]]".<ref>{{cite web |title=Experience |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/experience |website=Merriam-Webster |access-date=16 July 2020}}</ref> == Transparentnost == Među teoretičarima iskustva postoji neslaganje oko toga da li je subjektivni karakter iskustva u potpunosti određen njegovim sadržajem. Ova tvrdnja je nazvana „transparentnost iskustva".<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Siewert |first1=Charles |title=Is Experience Transparent? |journal=Philosophical Studies |date=2004 |volume=117 |issue=1/2 |pages=15–41 |doi=10.1023/B:PHIL.0000014523.89489.59 |jstor=4321434 |s2cid=170961261 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4321434 |issn=0031-8116}}</ref> U njemu se navodi da kako je proći kroz iskustvo zavisi samo od stavki koje su u njemu predstavljene. To bi značilo da su dva iskustva potpuno slična ako imaju isti sadržaj.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chediak |first1=Karla |title=Intentionalism and the Problem of the Object of Perception |journal=Trans/Form/Ação |date=2016 |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=87–100 |doi=10.1590/S0101-31732016000200005 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/CHEIAT-5|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Gupta2012"/> Razni filozofi su odbacili ovu tezu, često uz argument da nije važno samo „šta“ je predstavljeno već i „kako“ je predstavljeno. Naprimjer, svojstvo zaobljenosti može se prikazati vizualno, kada se gleda u sferu, ili haptički, kada se sfera dodiruje.<ref name="Mitchell">{{cite journal |last1=Mitchell |first1=Jonathan |title=Another Look at Mode Intentionalism |journal=Erkenntnis |date=12 September 2020 |doi=10.1007/s10670-020-00314-4 |language=en |issn=1572-8420|doi-access=free }}</ref> Zagovornici teze o transparentnosti ističu da se razlika između iskustava u ovakvim primjerima može objasniti na nivou sadržaja: jedno iskustvo predstavlja svojstvo vizuelne zaokruženosti, dok drugo predstavlja zaokruženost.<ref name="Mitchell"/> Drugi protivprimjeri uključuju zamagljen vid, gdje se zamućenost vidi kao pogrešna reprezentacija bez predstavljanja samog viđenog objekta kao zamućenog.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pace |first1=Michael |title=Blurred Vision and the Transparency of Experience |journal=Pacific Philosophical Quarterly |date=2007 |volume=88 |issue=3 |pages=328–354 |doi=10.1111/j.1468-0114.2007.00296.x |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/PACBVA}}</ref> Tvrdilo se da samo univerzalije prisutne u iskustvu određuju subjektivni karakter iskustva. S ovog gledišta, dva iskustva koja uključuju različite pojedinosti koje instanciraju potpuno iste univerzalije bila bi subjektivno identična.<ref name="Gupta2012"/> ==Tipovi iskustva == === Percepcija === [[Percepcija|Perceptivno iskustvo]] odnosi se na "neposrednu svijest o postojanju stvari izvan nas".<ref name="Crane1">{{cite web |last1=Crane |first1=Tim |last2=French |first2=Craig |title=The Problem of Perception: 1. Our Ordinary Conception of Perceptual Experience |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/perception-problem/#OrdConPerExp |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=2 October 2021 |date=2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Silins |first1=Nicholas |title=Perceptual Experience and Perceptual Justification |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/perception-justification/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=13 October 2021 |date=2019}}</ref> Ova [[Mentalna reprezentacija|reprezentacija]] [[Svijet#Filozofija uma|spoljašnjeg svijeta]] dešava se putem stimulansa koje registruju i prenose čula.<ref name="Hirst">{{cite web |last1=Hirst |first1=R. |title=Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Perception |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/psychology/psychology-and-psychiatry/perception}}</ref> Perceptivno iskustvo javlja se u različitim modalitetima koji odgovaraju različitim čulima, npr. kao [[vizuelna percepcija]], [[auditivna percepcija]] ili [[haptička percepcija]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stokes |first1=Dustin |last2=Matthen |first2=Mohan |last3=Biggs |first3=Stephen |title=Perception and Its Modalities |date=2014 |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/BIGPAI |chapter=Sorting the senses}}</ref> Obično se smatra da su predmeti koji se percipiraju na ovaj način ''obični materijalni objekti'', poput kamenja, cvijeća, mačaka ili aviona koji se predstavljaju kao javni objekti koji postoje neovisno o tome kako ih um percipira.<ref name="Hirst"/><ref name="Crane1"/> Ovo je u suprotnosti, naprimjer, sa načinom na koji su objekti predstavljeni u imaginativnom iskustvu. Još jedna karakteristika koja se obično pripisuje perceptivnom iskustvu je da se čini da nas ono dovodi u „direktan dodir“ sa objektom koji predstavlja. Dakle, percepator obično nije svjestan kognitivnih procesa počevši od stimulacije osjetilnih organa, nastavljajući u prijenosu ovih informacija u mozak i završavajući obradom informacija koja se tamo događa.<ref name="Hirst"/><ref name="Crane1"/> Iako je percepcija obično pouzdan izvor informacija za praktična pitanja naših svakodnevnih poslova, ona također može uključivati "lažne informacije" u obliku [[iluzija]] i [[halucinacija]].<ref name="Hirst"/><ref name="Crane1"/> U nekim slučajevima, nepouzdanost percepcije je već naznačena unutar samog iskustva, naprimjer, kada percepator ne uspije identificirati objekt zbog zamućenosti vizija.<ref name="Hirst"/> Ali takve indikacije se ne nalaze u svim obmanjujućim iskustvima, koja mogu izgledati jednako pouzdana kao i njihovi tačni pandani.<ref name="Crane1"/> Ovo je izvor takozvanog "problema percepcije". Sastoji se u činjenici da se do sada pripisivane osobine percepcije čine nespojive jedna s drugom, čineći tako okarakterisanu percepciju nemogućom: u slučaju zabludnih percepcija, percepciji se mogu predstaviti objekti koji ne postoje, što bi bilo nemoguće da su u direktnom kontaktu sa prikazanim objektima.<ref name="Crane1"/> Predložena su različita rješenja ovog problema. [[Teorija senzornih podataka|Teorije senzornih podataka]], naprimjer, smatraju da mi percipiramo čulne podatke, poput mrlja boja u vizualnoj percepciji, koji postoje čak i u iluzijama.<ref name="Coates">{{cite web |last1=Coates |first1=Paul |title=Sense-Data |url=https://iep.utm.edu/sense-da/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=2 October 2021}}</ref> Oni time poriču da su obične materijalne stvari objekti percepcije.<ref name="Crane3"/> [[Disjunktivizam|Disjunktivisti]], s druge strane, pokušavaju riješiti problem poricanjem da istinite percepcije i iluzije pripadaju istom tipu iskustva.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fish |first1=William |title=Disjunctivism |url=https://iep.utm.edu/disjunct/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=2 October 2021}}</ref> Drugi pristupi uključuju adverbijalizam i intencionalizam.<ref name="Crane3">{{cite web |last1=Crane |first1=Tim |last2=French |first2=Craig |title=The Problem of Perception: 3. Theories of Experience |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/perception-problem/#TheExp |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=2 October 2021 |date=2021}}</ref><ref name="Coates"/> Problem s ovim različitim pristupima je u tome što nijedan od njih nije u potpunosti zadovoljavajući jer se čini da svaki od njih protivrječi nekom tipu introspektivnog dokaza o temeljnim karakteristikama perceptivnog iskustva..<ref name="Hirst"/><ref name="Crane3"/> == U raznim disciplinama == === Fenomenologija === [[Fenomenologija (filozofija)|Fenomenologija]] je nauka o strukturi i sadržaju iskustva. Proučava [[fenomen]]e, tj. pojavu stvari iz perspektive prvog lica.<ref name="Smith"/><ref name="JoelSmith">{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=Joel |title=Phenomenology |url=https://iep.utm.edu/phenom/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=10 October 2021}}</ref> Na ovaj način se istražuje veliki broj iskustava, uključujući percepciju, [[pamćenje]], [[mašta|maštu]], misao, želju, [[emocije]] i djelovanje.<ref name="Smith2">{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=David Woodruff |title=Phenomenology: 2. The Discipline of Phenomenology |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/phenomenology/#DiscPhen |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=10 October 2021 |date=2018}}</ref> Prema tradicijskoj fenomenologiji, jedna važna struktura koja se nalazi u svim različitim vrstama iskustva je [[intencionalnost]], što znači da je svo iskustvo „iskustvo nečega“.<ref name="Smith"/><ref name=" JoelSmith"/> U tom smislu, iskustvo je uvijek usmjereno na određene objekte pomoću svojih reprezentativnih sadržaja. Iskustva se u značajnom smislu razlikuju od objekata iskustva jer iskustva nisu samo predstavljena, već se kroz njih živi.<ref name="Smith2"/> Fenomenologija se takođe bavi proučavanjem [[uslov mogućnosti|uslova mogućnosti]] [[fenomen]]a koji mogu različito oblikovati iskustvo za različite ljude. Ovi uslovi uključuju utjelovljenje, [[kultura|kulturu]], [[jezik]] i društveno porijeklo.<ref name="Smith"/><ref name="JoelSmith"/> Postoje razni različiti oblici fenomenologije, koji koriste različite metode.<ref name="Smith2"/><ref name="JoelSmith"/> Centralno za tradicijsku fenomenologiju povezanu sa [[Edmund Husserl|Edmundom Husserlom]] je tzv. [[epoha]], koja se takođe naziva [[Uvođenje u zagrade (fenomenologija)#Huserl i epoha|zagrada]]. U njemu istraživač obustavlja svoj sud o vanjskom postojanju doživljenih objekata kako bi se fokusirao isključivo na strukturu samog iskustva, odnosno na to kako su ti objekti predstavljeni.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Beyer |first1=Christian |title=Edmund Husserl: 5. The phenomenological epoché |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/husserl/#PheEpo |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=10 October 2021 |date=2020}}</ref><ref name="JoelSmith"/> Važan metod za proučavanje sadržaja iskustva naziva se [[eidetička varijacija]]. Ona ima za cilj razaznati njihovu [[suština|suštinu]] zamišljanjem predmetnog objekta, variranjem njegovih karakteristika i procjenom da li predmet može preživjeti ovu imaginarnu promjenu. Samo one karakteristike koje se ne mogu promijeniti na ovaj način pripadaju suštini objekta.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Drummond |first1=John J. |title=Historical Dictionary of Husserl's Philosophy |date=2009 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/DRUHDO |chapter=Eidetic variation}}</ref> [[Hermeneutička fenomenologija]], nasuprot tome, daje veći značaj našem postojećem poznavanju iskustva.<ref name="Smith2"/> Ona pokušava razumjeti kako ovo predrazumijevanje sa sobom donosi različite oblike interpretacije koje oblikuju iskustvo i može unijeti distorzije u njega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Laverty |first1=Susann M. |title=Hermeneutic Phenomenology and Phenomenology: A Comparison of Historical and Methodological Considerations |journal=International Journal of Qualitative Methods |date=1 September 2003 |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=21–35 |doi=10.1177/160940690300200303 |s2cid=145728698 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/160940690300200303 |language=en |issn=1609-4069}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=George |first1=Theodore |title=Hermeneutics: 1. Interpretive Experience |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/hermeneutics/#InteExpe |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=10 October 2021 |date=2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sammel |first1=Ali |title=An Invitation to Dialogue: Gadamer, Hermeneutic Phenomenology, and Critical Environmental Education |journal=Canadian Journal of Environmental Education (CJEE) |date=1 January 2003 |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=155–168 |url=https://cjee.lakeheadu.ca/article/view/244 |issn=1205-5352}}</ref> [[Neuropfenomenologija]], s druge strane, ima za cilj da premosti jaz između perspektive u prvom licu tradicijske fenomenologije i pristupa trećeg lica koji favorizuju prirodne nauke. To se događa traženjem veza između subjektivnog iskustva i objektivnih moždanih procesa, naprimjer, uz pomoć skeniranja mozga.<ref name="Smith2"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bockelman |first1=Patricia |last2=Reinerman-Jones |first2=Lauren |last3=Gallagher |first3=Shaun |title=Methodological lessons in neurophenomenology: Review of a baseline study and recommendations for research approaches |journal=Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |date=2013 |volume=7 |pages=608 |doi=10.3389/fnhum.2013.00608 |pmid=24133430 |pmc=3794193 |issn=1662-5161|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Berkovich-Ohana |first1=Aviva |last2=Dor-Ziderman |first2=Yair |last3=Trautwein |first3=Fynn-Mathis |last4=Schweitzer |first4=Yoav |last5=Nave |first5=Ohad |last6=Fulder |first6=Stephen |last7=Ataria |first7=Yochai |title=The Hitchhiker's Guide to Neurophenomenology – The Case of Studying Self Boundaries With Meditators |journal=Frontiers in Psychology |date=2020 |volume=11 |pages=1680 |doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01680 |pmid=32793056 |pmc=7385412 |issn=1664-1078|doi-access=free }}</ref> === Epistemologija === Iskustvo, kada se shvati u smislu senzacije, od posebnog je interesa u epistemologiji. Znanje zasnovano na ovom obliku iskustva naziva se "empirijsko znanje" ili "znanje a posteriori". [[Empirizam]] je teza da je svo znanje empirijsko znanje, tj. da ne postoji znanje koje u konačnici ne počiva na čulnom iskustvu. Tradicijski, ovom stavu se suprotstavljaju [[racionalisti]], koji prihvataju da čulno iskustvo može utemeljiti znanje, ali i omogućiti druge izvore znanja. Naprimjer, neki racionalisti tvrde da ljudi imaju ili urođeno ili intuitivno znanje matematike koje se ne zasniva na generalizacijama zasnovanim na čulnim iskustvima.<ref name="Markie">{{cite web |last1=Markie |first1=Peter |last2=Folescu |first2=M. |title=Rationalism vs. Empiricism |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/rationalism-empiricism/#Intr |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=21 September 2021 |date=2021}}</ref> Drugi problem je razumjeti kako je moguće da čulna iskustva opravdaju vjerovanja. Prema jednom gledištu, osjetilna iskustva su sama po sebi slična vjerovanju u smislu da uključuju afirmaciju propozicionih sadržaja. Prema ovom gledištu, viđenje bijelog snijega uključuje, između ostalog, afirmacijski prijedlog "snijeg je bijeli".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Oppy |first1=Graham |title=Propositional attitudes |url=https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/thematic/propositional-attitudes/v-1 |website=Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=21 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Uzimajući u obzir ovu pretpostavku, iskustva mogu opravdati vjerovanja na isti način kao što uvjerenja mogu opravdati druga uvjerenja: jer njihovi propozicijski sadržaji stoje u odgovarajućim logičkim i objašnjavajućim odnosima jedan prema drugom. Ali ova pretpostavka ima mnogo protivnika, koji tvrde da su senzacije nekonceptualne i stoga nepropozicione. S takvog gledišta, afirmacija da je snijeg bijel je već nešto što se dodaje čulnom iskustvu, što samo po sebi možda ne predstavlja mnogo više od predstavljanja mrlje bjeline.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Balog |first1=Katalin |title=Jerry Fodor on Non-Conceptual Content |journal=Synthese |date=2009 |volume=167 |issue=3 |pages=311–320 |doi=10.1007/s11229-009-9585-x |s2cid=18583257 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/BALJFO}}</ref> Jedan od problema za ovaj [[#Konceptualnost i mit o datom|nekonceptualističkom pristupu]] perceptivnom iskustvu je taj što se suočava sa poteškoćama u objašnjavanju kako čulna iskustva mogu opravdati vjerovanja, kao što ona očigledno čine. Jedan od načina da se izbjegne ovaj problem je poricanje ove pojave držeći se da ona ne opravdavaju uvjerenja, već samo uzrokuju uvjerenja.<ref name="DiFate"/> U [[teorija koherentnosti opravdanja|teoriji koherentnosti opravdanja]], ova uvjerenja još uvijek mogu biti opravdano, ne zbog iskustava koja su odgovorna za njih, već zbog načina na koji se usklađuju s ostalim uvjerenjima osobe. Zbog svog odnosa prema opravdanju i znanju, iskustvo igra centralnu ulogu za empirijsku racionalnost.<ref name="Gupta2012"/> Da li je racionalno da neko vjeruje u određenu tvrdnju zavisi, između ostalog, od iskustava koje ta osoba ima prethodno.<ref name="Audi"/><ref name="Rescher"/> Naprimjer, nastavnik može opravdano vjerovati da će određeni [[učenik]] položiti ispit na osnovu nastavnikovog iskustva sa učenikom u učionici. Ali isto vjerovanje ne bi bilo opravdano za stranca koji nema ova iskustva. Racionalnost je u tom smislu relativna u odnosu na iskustvo. Ovo implicira da bi moglo biti racionalno da jedna osoba prihvati određenu tvrdnju, dok druga osoba može racionalno odbiti istu tvrdnju.<ref name="Audi">{{cite journal |last1=Audi |first1=Robert |title=Précis of the Architecture of Reason |journal=Philosophy and Phenomenological Research |date=2003 |volume=67 |issue=1 |pages=177–180 |doi=10.1111/j.1933-1592.2003.tb00031.x |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/AUDPOT}}</ref><ref name="Rescher">{{cite book |last1=Rescher |first1=Nicholas |title=Rationality: A Philosophical Inquiry Into the Nature and the Rationale of Reason |date=1988 |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/RESRAP |chapter=10. The Universality of the Rational}}</ref><ref name="Gupta2012"/> === Nauka === Usko povezana sa ulogom iskustva u epistemologiji je njegova uloga u [[nauka|nauci]].<ref name="Masiello">{{cite book |last1=Masiello |first1=R. J. |title=New Catholic Encyclopedia |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/philosophy/philosophy-terms-and-concepts/experience |chapter=Experience}}</ref> Često se tvrdi da je iskustvo posmatranja centralno za naučne eksperimente. Dokazi dobijeni na ovaj način se zatim koriste za potvrđivanje ili poništavanje naučnih teorija. Na taj način iskustvo djeluje kao neutralni arbitar između suprotstavljenih teorija.<ref name="Crupi">{{cite web |last1=Crupi |first1=Vincenzo |title=Confirmation |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/confirmation/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=13 June 2021 |date=2021}}</ref><ref name="DiFate">{{cite web |last1=DiFate |first1=Victor |title=Evidence |url=https://iep.utm.edu/evidence/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=11 June 2021}}</ref><ref name="ThomasKelly">{{cite web |last1=Kelly |first1=Thomas |title=Evidence |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/evidence/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=11 June 2021 |date=2016}}</ref> Naprimjer, astronomska zapažanja [[Galileo Galilei|Galilea Galileija]] u vezi sa orbitama [[planeta]] korištena su kao dokaz u [[Kopernikanska revolucija| Kopernikanskoj revoluciji]], u kojoj je tradicionalni [[geocentrični model]] odbačen u korist [[heliocentrični model|heliocentričnog]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Copernican Revolution |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Copernican-Revolution |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=29 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Jedan od problema za ovo gledište je da je neophodno da naučni dokazi budu javni i nekontroverzni. Razlog za to je što bi različiti naučnici trebali biti u mogućnosti da dijele iste dokaze kako bi došli do dogovora o tome koja je hipoteza tačna. Ali iskustvo se obično shvata kao privatno mentalno stanje, a ne kao javno vidljiv fenomen, čime se dovodi u pitanje njegova uloga kao naučnog dokaza.<ref name="DiFate"/><ref name="ThomasKelly"/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gage |first1=Logan Paul |title=Objectivity and Subjectivity in Epistemology: A Defense of the Phenomenal Conception of Evidence |chapter=1. Introduction: Two Rival Conceptions of Evidence|date=2014 |publisher=Baylor University |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/GAGOAS|type=PhD Thesis }}</ref><ref name="Borchert"/> === Metafizika === Centralni problem u [[metafizika|metafizici]] je [[problem uma i tijela]]. Uključuje pitanje kako zamisliti odnos između tijela i uma.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Borchert |first1=Donald |title=Macmillan Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2nd Edition |date=2006 |publisher=Macmillan |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/BORMEO |chapter=Mind-Body Problem}}</ref><ref name="RobinsonHoward"/> Shvaćen u svom najširem smislu, ne tiče se samo iskustva, već i bilo kojeg oblika [[svijest|uma]], uključujući i nesvjesna mentalna stanja.<ref name="RobinsonHoward"/> Ali tvrdi se da iskustvo ovdje ima posebnu važnost jer je često viđeno kao paradigmatski oblik uma.<ref name="Pernu"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Bourget |first1=David |last2=Mendelovici |first2=Angela |title=Phenomenal Intentionality: 2. The phenomenal intentionality theory |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/phenomenal-intentionality/#PhenInteTheo |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=11 October 2021 |date=2019}}</ref> Ideja da za početak postoji "problem" često se vodi unazad do toga koliko se čini da su materija i iskustvo različiti.<ref name="Pernu">{{cite journal |last1=Pernu |first1=Tuomas K. |title=The Five Marks of the Mental |journal=Frontiers in Psychology |date=2017 |volume=8 |page=1084 |doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01084 |pmid=28736537 |language=English |issn=1664-1078|pmc=5500963 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Kim">{{cite book |last1=Kim |first1=Jaegwon |title=Philosophy of Mind |date=2006 |publisher=Boulder: Westview Press |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/KIMPOM-3 |chapter=1. Introduction|edition=Second }}</ref> Fizička svojstva, poput veličine, oblika i težine, su javna i pripisuju se objektima. Iskustva su, s druge strane, privatna i pripisuju se subjektima.<ref name="RobinsonHoward">{{cite web |last1=Robinson |first1=Howard |title=Dualism: 1.1 The Mind-Body Problem |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/dualism/#MinBod |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=11 October 2021 |date=2020}}</ref> Još jedno važno karakteristično obilježje je da su iskustva namjerna, tj. da su usmjerena na objekte različite od njih samih. Ali uprkos tim razlikama, tijelo i um izgledaju da međusobno uzročno komuniciraju, što se naziva psiho-fizička uzročnost.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lowe |first1=E. J. |title=The Problem of Psychophysical Causation |journal=Australasian Journal of Philosophy |date=1992 |volume=70 |issue=3 |pages=263–76 |doi=10.1080/00048409212345161 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/LOWTPO}}</ref><ref name="Robb">{{cite web |last1=Robb |first1=David |last2=Heil |first2=John |title=Mental Causation |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mental-causation/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=11 October 2021 |date=2021}}</ref> Ovo se odnosi i na način na koji fizički događaji, kao što je kamen koji pada na nečiju nogu, izazivaju iskustva, poput oštre boli, i kako iskustva, poput namjere da se zaustavi [[bol]], uzrokuju fizičke događaje, kao što je izvlačenje [[stopala]] ispod stijene.<ref name="Robb"/> Predstavljena su različita rješenja problema uma i tijela.<ref>{{cite web |title=Philosophy of mind - Traditional metaphysical positions |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/philosophy-of-mind/The-soul-and-personal-identity#ref283966 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=12 October 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Dualizam je tradicijski važan pristup. On kaže da tijela i umovi pripadaju različitim ontološkim kategorijama i da postoje nezavisno jedan od drugog.<ref name="RobinsonHoward"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Calef |first1=Scott |title=Dualism and Mind |url=https://iep.utm.edu/dualism/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref> Centralni problem za dualiste je da daju uvjerljivo objašnjenje o tome kako je njihova interakcija moguća ili zašto se čini da djeluju. Monisti, s druge strane, poriču ovaj tip ontološke bifurkacije.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schaffer |first1=Jonathan |title=Monism |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/monism/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=12 October 2021 |date=2018}}</ref> Umjesto toga, oni tvrde da, na najosnovnijem nivou, postoji samo jedna vrsta [[entitet]]a. Prema [[materijalizam|materijalizmu]], sve je na kraju materijalno. Prema ovom mišljenju, umovi ili ne postoje ili postoje kao materijalni aspekti tijela.<ref>{{cite web |title=Materialism |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/materialism-philosophy |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=12 October 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Prema [[idealizam|idealizmu]], sve je na kraju mentalno. Prema ovom mišljenju, materijalni objekti postoje samo u obliku ideja i stoga zavise od iskustva i drugih mentalnih stanja.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Guyer |first1=Paul |last2=Horstmann |first2=Rolf-Peter |title=Idealism: 1. Introduction |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/idealism/#Intr |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=12 October 2021 |date=2021}}</ref> Monisti se suočavaju s problemom objašnjenja kako dva tipa entiteta koji izgledaju toliko različiti mogu pripadati istoj ontološkoj kategoriji.<ref name="Pernu"/><ref name="Kim"/> [[Teški problem svijesti]] je usko povezano pitanje. Bavi se objašnjenjem zašto su neki fizički događaji, kao što su moždani procesi, praćeni [[svijest|svjesnim]] iskustvom, tj. da se podvrgavanje njima osjeća na određeni način subjektu.<.<ref name="Weisberg">{{cite web |last1=Weisberg |first1=Josh |title=Hard Problem of Consciousness |url=https://iep.utm.edu/hard-con/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="Vasilyev">{{cite journal |last1=Vasilyev |first1=Vadim V. |title="The Hard Problem of Consciousness" and Two Arguments for Interactionism |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/VASTHP-2 |journal=Faith and Philosophy |pages=514–526 |doi=10.5840/faithphil200926552 |date=2009|volume=26 |issue=5 }}</ref><ref name="McClelland">{{cite journal |last1=McClelland |first1=Tom |title=The Problem of Consciousness: Easy, Hard or Tricky? |journal=Topoi |date=2017 |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=17–30 |doi=10.1007/s11245-014-9257-4 |s2cid=145287229 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/MCCTPO-36}}</ref> Ovo je posebno relevantno iz perspektive [[prirodne nasuke|prirodnih nauka]] jer se čini da je moguće, barem u principu, objasniti ljudsko [[ponašanje]] i spoznaju bez pozivanja na iskustvo. Takvo objašnjenje se može dogoditi u odnosu na obradu informacija u obliku električnih signala. U tom smislu, teški problem svijesti ukazuje na razjašnjavajući jaz između fizičkog svijeta i svjesnog iskustva.<ref name="Weisberg"/><ref name="Vasilyev"/><ref name="McClelland"/> Postoji značajno preklapanje između rješenja predloženih za problem uma i tijela i rješenja predloženih za teški problem svijesti.<ref name="Weisberg"/><ref name="RobinsonHoward"/> === Psihologija === Još jedno neslaganje između empirista i racionalista, osim njihovog epistemološkog spora, tiče se uloge iskustva u formiranju koncepata.<ref name="Markie"/> Koncepti su opći pojmovi koji čine temeljne gradivne blokove misli.<ref name="Koncepti"/> Neki empiristi smatraju da se svi koncepti uče iz iskustva. Ovo se ponekad objašnjava tvrdnjom da koncepti samo predstavljaju generalizacije, apstrakcije ili kopije originalnog sadržaja iskustva.<ref name="Gupta2012"/> Logički empiristi, naprimjer, koristili su ovu ideju u nastojanju da smanje sadržaj svih empirijske propozicije protokolarnih rečenica koje ne bilježe ništa osim neposrednih iskustava naučnika.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Uebel |first1=Thomas |title=Empiricism at the Crossroads: The Vienna Circle's Protocol-Sentence Debate Revisited |date=2 November 2015 |publisher=Open Court |isbn=978-0-8126-9929-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nq-6CgAAQBAJ |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Logical positivism |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/logical-positivism |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=23 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Borchert"/> Ova ideja je uvjerljiva za neke koncepte, poput koncepta "crvenog" ili "pasa", za koje se čini da se stiču iskustvom sa svojim primjerima. Ali kontroverzno je da li je to tačno za sve koncepte.<ref name="Borchert"/> [[Immanuel Kant]], naprimjer, brani [[racionalizam|racionalističku]] poziciju držeći da iskustvo zahtijeva određene koncepte tako osnovne da to ne bi bilo moguće bez njih. Ovi pojmovi, takozvane kategorije, ne mogu se steći iskustvom jer su oni „uslovi mogućnosti iskustva“, prema Kantu.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Piché |first1=Claude |title=Transcendental Inquiry: Its History, Methods and Critiques |date=2016 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |isbn=978-3-319-40715-9 |pages=1–20 |url=https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1866/21324/picheC-KantOnTheConditions-TranscendentalInquiry-2016.pdf |language=en |chapter=Kant on the “Conditions of the Possibility” of Experience}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Thomasson |first1=Amie |title=Categories |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/categories/#KanCon |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |date=2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Wardy |first1=Robert |title=Categories |url=https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/thematic/categories/v-1/sections/categories-in-kant |website=Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=23 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref> == Također pogledajte == {{Portal|Filozofija}} {{Wikiquote}} {{Wiktionary}} *[[Korisničko iskustvo]] *[[Empirizam]] *[[Ekonomija iskustva]] *[[Iskustveno obrazovanje]] *[[Iskustveni marketing]] *[[Ideastezija]] *[[Percepcija]] *[[Adrenalinski ovisnik|Uzbuđenje]] *[[Mudrost#Konfucijanizam]] **[[Ljudska samorefleksija|Refleksija]] **[[Imitacija]] ==Reference== {{Reflist}} {{Filozofske teme}} {{Metafizika}} {{Svijest}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategorija:Koncepti u epistemologiji]] [[Kategorija:Koncepti u metafilozofiji]] [[Kategorija:Koncepti u metafizici]] [[Kategorija:Koncepti u filozofiji uma]] [[Kategorija:Koncepti u filozofiji nauke]] [[Kategorija:Svijest]] [[Kategorija:Kritičko razmišljanje]] [[Kategorija:Empirizam]] [[Kategorija:Epistemološke teorije]] [[Kategorija:Epistemologija nauke]] [[Kategorija:Historija filozofije]] [[Kategorija:Historija nauke]] [[Kategorija:Intelektualna historija]] [[Kategorija:Znanje]] [[Kategorija:Metafizičke teorije]] [[Kategorija:Metafizika uma]] [[Kategorija:Um]] [[Kategorija:Percepcija]] [[Kategorija:Fenomenologija]] [[Kategorija:Filozofija uma]] [[Kategorija:Filozofija nauke]] [[Kategorija:Izvori znanja]] [[Kategorija:Misao]] 9r2g33q6ugydeuycgtnpw813mquca57 3427022 3427020 2022-08-02T09:07:39Z 21775198.138-dopisnik 131410 /* Psihologija */ wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iskustvo''' se odnosi na događaje [[Svijest|svjesnosti]] uopće, tačnije na [[percepcija|percepciju]], ili na praktično [[znanje]] koje proizvode ovi svjesni procesi. Shvaćeno kao svjestan događaj u najširem smislu, iskustvo uključuje subjekt kojem se prezentiraju različiti predmeti. U tom smislu, viđenje žute [[ptice]] na grani predstavlja subjektu objekte "ptica" i "grana", odnos između njih i svojstvo "žuto". Mogu biti uključeni i nestvarni predmeti, što se dešava kada doživljavate [[halucinacije]] ili snove. Kada se shvati u ograničenom smislu, samo se čulna svijest računa kao iskustvo. U tom smislu, iskustvo se obično poistovećuje sa percepcijom i suprotstavlja se drugim tipovima svesnih događaja, kao što su [[razmišljanje]] ili [[imaginacija]]. U malo drugačijem smislu, iskustvo se ne odnosi na same svjesne događaje, već na praktično znanje i poznavanje koje oni proizvode. U tom smislu, važno je da direktan perceptivni kontakt sa [[Svijet#Filozofija uma|spoljašnjim svijetom]] bude izvor znanja. Dakle, iskusan planinar je neko ko je zaista proživio mnogo planinarenja, a ne neko ko je samo pročitao mnogo knjiga o planinarenju. Ovo je povezano i sa ponavljanjem prošlih poznanstava i [[sposobnost|sposobnosti]] naučenim kroz njih. Mnoge naučne debate o prirodi iskustva fokusiraju se na iskustvo kao svjesni događaj, bilo u širem ili ograničenom smislu. Jedna važna tema u ovoj oblasti je pitanje da li su sva iskustva [[Intencionalnost|namjerna]], tj. usmjerena su na objekte različite od njih samih. Druga debata se fokusira na pitanje da li postoje ne[[koncept]]na iskustva i, ako postoje, kakvu bi ulogu mogla imati u opravdavanju vjerovanja. Neki teoretičari tvrde da su iskustva „transparentna“, što znači da ono što iskustvo doživljava zavisi samo od sadržaja predstavljenih u ovom iskustvu. Drugi teoretičari odbacuju ovu tvrdnju ističući da nije važno samo ono što je predstavljeno, već i kako je predstavljeno. U akademskoj literaturi raspravlja se o velikom broju tipova iskustava. Perceptivna iskustva, naprimjer, predstavljaju vanjski svijet putem podražaja koje registruju i prenose osjetila. Iskustvo [[pamćenje|epizodnog pamćenja]], s druge strane, uključuje ponovno proživljavanje događaja iz prošlosti. U imaginativnom iskustvu, objekti se predstavljaju bez namjere da pokažu kako stvari zapravo jesu. Iskustvo razmišljanja uključuje mentalne reprezentacije i obradu informacija, u kojima se ideje ili prijedlozi zabavljaju, prosuđuju ili povezuju. [[Zadovoljstvo]] se odnosi na iskustvo koje daje dobar osjećaj. Usko je povezano sa [[Emocija|emocijskim]] iskustvom, koje ima dodatne evaluativne, fiziološke i bihevioralne komponente. [[Raspoloženje (psihologija)|Raspoloženja]] su slična emocijama, s jednom ključnom razlikom što im nedostaje specifičan objekat koji se nalazi u emocijama. Svjesne [[želja|želje]] uključuju iskustvo želje za nečim. Oni imaju centralnu ulogu u iskustvu djelovanja, u kojem se formiraju [[namjera|namjere]], planiraju tokovi [[Akcija (filozofija)|akcije]] i donose se i ostvaruju [[izbor|odluke]] . [[Promijenjeno stanje svijesti|Neobično iskustvo]] odnosi se na rijetka iskustva koja se značajno razlikuju od iskustva u običnom budnom stanju, kao što su [[religiozno iskustvo]], [[vantjelesno iskustvo]] ili [[iskustvo bliske smrti]]. O iskustvu se raspravlja u raznim disciplinama. [[Fenomenologija (filozofija)|Fenomenologija]] je nauka o strukturi i sadržaju iskustva. Koristi različite metode, poput [[epoha]] ili [[eidetična varijacija|identične varijacije]]. Senzorno iskustvo je od posebnog interesa za [[epistemologija|epistemologiju]]. Važna tradicijska rasprava u ovoj oblasti tiče se toga da li je svo znanje zasnovano na čulnom iskustvu, kako tvrde [[empiristi]], ili ne, kako tvrde [[racionalisti]]. Ovo je usko povezano s ulogom iskustva u [[nauka|nauci]], u kojoj se kaže da iskustvo djeluje kao neutralni arbitar između konkurentskih teorija. U [[metafizika|metafizici]] iskustvo je uključeno u [[problem uma i tijela]] i [[teški problem svijesti]], a oba pokušavaju da objasne odnos između materije i iskustva. U [[psihologija|psihologiji]], neki teoretičari smatraju da se svi koncepti uče iz iskustva, dok drugi tvrde da su neki koncepti urođeni. == Definicija == Termin "iskustvo" povezan je sa nizom blisko povezanih značenja, zbog čega se u akademskoj literaturi nalaze različite njegove definicije. Iskustvo se često shvata kao [[svijest|svjestan]] događaj. Ovo je ponekad ograničeno na određene tipove svijesti, poput [[percepcija]] ili [[čula]], kroz koje subjekt postiže znanje o svijetu.<ref name="Borchert">{{cite book |last1=Borchert |first1=Donald |title=Macmillan Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2nd Edition |date=2006 |publisher=Macmillan |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/BORMEO |chapter=Experience}}</ref> Ali u širem smislu, iskustvo uključuje i druge tipove svjesnih događaja osim percepcije i osjeta.<ref name="Smith">{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=David Woodruff |title=Phenomenology: 1. What is Phenomenology? |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/phenomenology/#WhatPhen |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=20 September 2021 |date=2018}}</ref><ref name="Gupta2012">{{cite journal |last1=Gupta |first1=Anil |title=An Account of Conscious Experience |journal=Analytic Philosophy |date=2012 |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=1–29 |doi=10.1111/j.2153-960X.2012.00545.x |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/GUPAAO}}</ref> Ovo je slučaj, naprimjer, za iskustvo razmišljanja ili iskustvo sanjanja.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jorba |first1=Marta |title=Is There a Specific Experience of Thinking? |journal=Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science |date=2010 |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=187–196 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/JORITA-6}}</ref> U drugačijem smislu, "iskustvo" se ne odnosi na same svjesne događaje, već na [[znanje]] i praktično znanje koje oni nose sa sobom.<ref name="Borchert"/><ref name="Masiello"/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Mittelstraß |first1=Jürgen |title=Enzyklopädie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie |date=2005 |publisher=Metzler |url=https://www.springer.com/de/book/9783476021083 |chapter=Erfahrung}}</ref> Prema ovom značenju, osoba sa radnim iskustvom ili iskusan planinar je neko ko ima dobro praktično poznavanje dotične oblasti. U tom smislu, iskustvo se ne odnosi na svesni proces, već na rezultat tog procesa. Riječ "iskustvo" dijeli zajednički [[latinski]] korijen s riječju "[[eksperimentacija]]".<ref>{{cite web |title=Experience |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/experience |website=Merriam-Webster |access-date=16 July 2020}}</ref> == Transparentnost == Među teoretičarima iskustva postoji neslaganje oko toga da li je subjektivni karakter iskustva u potpunosti određen njegovim sadržajem. Ova tvrdnja je nazvana „transparentnost iskustva".<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Siewert |first1=Charles |title=Is Experience Transparent? |journal=Philosophical Studies |date=2004 |volume=117 |issue=1/2 |pages=15–41 |doi=10.1023/B:PHIL.0000014523.89489.59 |jstor=4321434 |s2cid=170961261 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4321434 |issn=0031-8116}}</ref> U njemu se navodi da kako je proći kroz iskustvo zavisi samo od stavki koje su u njemu predstavljene. To bi značilo da su dva iskustva potpuno slična ako imaju isti sadržaj.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chediak |first1=Karla |title=Intentionalism and the Problem of the Object of Perception |journal=Trans/Form/Ação |date=2016 |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=87–100 |doi=10.1590/S0101-31732016000200005 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/CHEIAT-5|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Gupta2012"/> Razni filozofi su odbacili ovu tezu, često uz argument da nije važno samo „šta“ je predstavljeno već i „kako“ je predstavljeno. Naprimjer, svojstvo zaobljenosti može se prikazati vizualno, kada se gleda u sferu, ili haptički, kada se sfera dodiruje.<ref name="Mitchell">{{cite journal |last1=Mitchell |first1=Jonathan |title=Another Look at Mode Intentionalism |journal=Erkenntnis |date=12 September 2020 |doi=10.1007/s10670-020-00314-4 |language=en |issn=1572-8420|doi-access=free }}</ref> Zagovornici teze o transparentnosti ističu da se razlika između iskustava u ovakvim primjerima može objasniti na nivou sadržaja: jedno iskustvo predstavlja svojstvo vizuelne zaokruženosti, dok drugo predstavlja zaokruženost.<ref name="Mitchell"/> Drugi protivprimjeri uključuju zamagljen vid, gdje se zamućenost vidi kao pogrešna reprezentacija bez predstavljanja samog viđenog objekta kao zamućenog.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pace |first1=Michael |title=Blurred Vision and the Transparency of Experience |journal=Pacific Philosophical Quarterly |date=2007 |volume=88 |issue=3 |pages=328–354 |doi=10.1111/j.1468-0114.2007.00296.x |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/PACBVA}}</ref> Tvrdilo se da samo univerzalije prisutne u iskustvu određuju subjektivni karakter iskustva. S ovog gledišta, dva iskustva koja uključuju različite pojedinosti koje instanciraju potpuno iste univerzalije bila bi subjektivno identična.<ref name="Gupta2012"/> ==Tipovi iskustva == === Percepcija === [[Percepcija|Perceptivno iskustvo]] odnosi se na "neposrednu svijest o postojanju stvari izvan nas".<ref name="Crane1">{{cite web |last1=Crane |first1=Tim |last2=French |first2=Craig |title=The Problem of Perception: 1. Our Ordinary Conception of Perceptual Experience |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/perception-problem/#OrdConPerExp |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=2 October 2021 |date=2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Silins |first1=Nicholas |title=Perceptual Experience and Perceptual Justification |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/perception-justification/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=13 October 2021 |date=2019}}</ref> Ova [[Mentalna reprezentacija|reprezentacija]] [[Svijet#Filozofija uma|spoljašnjeg svijeta]] dešava se putem stimulansa koje registruju i prenose čula.<ref name="Hirst">{{cite web |last1=Hirst |first1=R. |title=Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Perception |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/psychology/psychology-and-psychiatry/perception}}</ref> Perceptivno iskustvo javlja se u različitim modalitetima koji odgovaraju različitim čulima, npr. kao [[vizuelna percepcija]], [[auditivna percepcija]] ili [[haptička percepcija]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stokes |first1=Dustin |last2=Matthen |first2=Mohan |last3=Biggs |first3=Stephen |title=Perception and Its Modalities |date=2014 |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/BIGPAI |chapter=Sorting the senses}}</ref> Obično se smatra da su predmeti koji se percipiraju na ovaj način ''obični materijalni objekti'', poput kamenja, cvijeća, mačaka ili aviona koji se predstavljaju kao javni objekti koji postoje neovisno o tome kako ih um percipira.<ref name="Hirst"/><ref name="Crane1"/> Ovo je u suprotnosti, naprimjer, sa načinom na koji su objekti predstavljeni u imaginativnom iskustvu. Još jedna karakteristika koja se obično pripisuje perceptivnom iskustvu je da se čini da nas ono dovodi u „direktan dodir“ sa objektom koji predstavlja. Dakle, percepator obično nije svjestan kognitivnih procesa počevši od stimulacije osjetilnih organa, nastavljajući u prijenosu ovih informacija u mozak i završavajući obradom informacija koja se tamo događa.<ref name="Hirst"/><ref name="Crane1"/> Iako je percepcija obično pouzdan izvor informacija za praktična pitanja naših svakodnevnih poslova, ona također može uključivati "lažne informacije" u obliku [[iluzija]] i [[halucinacija]].<ref name="Hirst"/><ref name="Crane1"/> U nekim slučajevima, nepouzdanost percepcije je već naznačena unutar samog iskustva, naprimjer, kada percepator ne uspije identificirati objekt zbog zamućenosti vizija.<ref name="Hirst"/> Ali takve indikacije se ne nalaze u svim obmanjujućim iskustvima, koja mogu izgledati jednako pouzdana kao i njihovi tačni pandani.<ref name="Crane1"/> Ovo je izvor takozvanog "problema percepcije". Sastoji se u činjenici da se do sada pripisivane osobine percepcije čine nespojive jedna s drugom, čineći tako okarakterisanu percepciju nemogućom: u slučaju zabludnih percepcija, percepciji se mogu predstaviti objekti koji ne postoje, što bi bilo nemoguće da su u direktnom kontaktu sa prikazanim objektima.<ref name="Crane1"/> Predložena su različita rješenja ovog problema. [[Teorija senzornih podataka|Teorije senzornih podataka]], naprimjer, smatraju da mi percipiramo čulne podatke, poput mrlja boja u vizualnoj percepciji, koji postoje čak i u iluzijama.<ref name="Coates">{{cite web |last1=Coates |first1=Paul |title=Sense-Data |url=https://iep.utm.edu/sense-da/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=2 October 2021}}</ref> Oni time poriču da su obične materijalne stvari objekti percepcije.<ref name="Crane3"/> [[Disjunktivizam|Disjunktivisti]], s druge strane, pokušavaju riješiti problem poricanjem da istinite percepcije i iluzije pripadaju istom tipu iskustva.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fish |first1=William |title=Disjunctivism |url=https://iep.utm.edu/disjunct/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=2 October 2021}}</ref> Drugi pristupi uključuju adverbijalizam i intencionalizam.<ref name="Crane3">{{cite web |last1=Crane |first1=Tim |last2=French |first2=Craig |title=The Problem of Perception: 3. Theories of Experience |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/perception-problem/#TheExp |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=2 October 2021 |date=2021}}</ref><ref name="Coates"/> Problem s ovim različitim pristupima je u tome što nijedan od njih nije u potpunosti zadovoljavajući jer se čini da svaki od njih protivrječi nekom tipu introspektivnog dokaza o temeljnim karakteristikama perceptivnog iskustva..<ref name="Hirst"/><ref name="Crane3"/> == U raznim disciplinama == === Fenomenologija === [[Fenomenologija (filozofija)|Fenomenologija]] je nauka o strukturi i sadržaju iskustva. Proučava [[fenomen]]e, tj. pojavu stvari iz perspektive prvog lica.<ref name="Smith"/><ref name="JoelSmith">{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=Joel |title=Phenomenology |url=https://iep.utm.edu/phenom/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=10 October 2021}}</ref> Na ovaj način se istražuje veliki broj iskustava, uključujući percepciju, [[pamćenje]], [[mašta|maštu]], misao, želju, [[emocije]] i djelovanje.<ref name="Smith2">{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=David Woodruff |title=Phenomenology: 2. The Discipline of Phenomenology |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/phenomenology/#DiscPhen |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=10 October 2021 |date=2018}}</ref> Prema tradicijskoj fenomenologiji, jedna važna struktura koja se nalazi u svim različitim vrstama iskustva je [[intencionalnost]], što znači da je svo iskustvo „iskustvo nečega“.<ref name="Smith"/><ref name=" JoelSmith"/> U tom smislu, iskustvo je uvijek usmjereno na određene objekte pomoću svojih reprezentativnih sadržaja. Iskustva se u značajnom smislu razlikuju od objekata iskustva jer iskustva nisu samo predstavljena, već se kroz njih živi.<ref name="Smith2"/> Fenomenologija se takođe bavi proučavanjem [[uslov mogućnosti|uslova mogućnosti]] [[fenomen]]a koji mogu različito oblikovati iskustvo za različite ljude. Ovi uslovi uključuju utjelovljenje, [[kultura|kulturu]], [[jezik]] i društveno porijeklo.<ref name="Smith"/><ref name="JoelSmith"/> Postoje razni različiti oblici fenomenologije, koji koriste različite metode.<ref name="Smith2"/><ref name="JoelSmith"/> Centralno za tradicijsku fenomenologiju povezanu sa [[Edmund Husserl|Edmundom Husserlom]] je tzv. [[epoha]], koja se takođe naziva [[Uvođenje u zagrade (fenomenologija)#Huserl i epoha|zagrada]]. U njemu istraživač obustavlja svoj sud o vanjskom postojanju doživljenih objekata kako bi se fokusirao isključivo na strukturu samog iskustva, odnosno na to kako su ti objekti predstavljeni.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Beyer |first1=Christian |title=Edmund Husserl: 5. The phenomenological epoché |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/husserl/#PheEpo |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=10 October 2021 |date=2020}}</ref><ref name="JoelSmith"/> Važan metod za proučavanje sadržaja iskustva naziva se [[eidetička varijacija]]. Ona ima za cilj razaznati njihovu [[suština|suštinu]] zamišljanjem predmetnog objekta, variranjem njegovih karakteristika i procjenom da li predmet može preživjeti ovu imaginarnu promjenu. Samo one karakteristike koje se ne mogu promijeniti na ovaj način pripadaju suštini objekta.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Drummond |first1=John J. |title=Historical Dictionary of Husserl's Philosophy |date=2009 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/DRUHDO |chapter=Eidetic variation}}</ref> [[Hermeneutička fenomenologija]], nasuprot tome, daje veći značaj našem postojećem poznavanju iskustva.<ref name="Smith2"/> Ona pokušava razumjeti kako ovo predrazumijevanje sa sobom donosi različite oblike interpretacije koje oblikuju iskustvo i može unijeti distorzije u njega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Laverty |first1=Susann M. |title=Hermeneutic Phenomenology and Phenomenology: A Comparison of Historical and Methodological Considerations |journal=International Journal of Qualitative Methods |date=1 September 2003 |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=21–35 |doi=10.1177/160940690300200303 |s2cid=145728698 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/160940690300200303 |language=en |issn=1609-4069}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=George |first1=Theodore |title=Hermeneutics: 1. Interpretive Experience |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/hermeneutics/#InteExpe |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=10 October 2021 |date=2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sammel |first1=Ali |title=An Invitation to Dialogue: Gadamer, Hermeneutic Phenomenology, and Critical Environmental Education |journal=Canadian Journal of Environmental Education (CJEE) |date=1 January 2003 |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=155–168 |url=https://cjee.lakeheadu.ca/article/view/244 |issn=1205-5352}}</ref> [[Neuropfenomenologija]], s druge strane, ima za cilj da premosti jaz između perspektive u prvom licu tradicijske fenomenologije i pristupa trećeg lica koji favorizuju prirodne nauke. To se događa traženjem veza između subjektivnog iskustva i objektivnih moždanih procesa, naprimjer, uz pomoć skeniranja mozga.<ref name="Smith2"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bockelman |first1=Patricia |last2=Reinerman-Jones |first2=Lauren |last3=Gallagher |first3=Shaun |title=Methodological lessons in neurophenomenology: Review of a baseline study and recommendations for research approaches |journal=Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |date=2013 |volume=7 |pages=608 |doi=10.3389/fnhum.2013.00608 |pmid=24133430 |pmc=3794193 |issn=1662-5161|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Berkovich-Ohana |first1=Aviva |last2=Dor-Ziderman |first2=Yair |last3=Trautwein |first3=Fynn-Mathis |last4=Schweitzer |first4=Yoav |last5=Nave |first5=Ohad |last6=Fulder |first6=Stephen |last7=Ataria |first7=Yochai |title=The Hitchhiker's Guide to Neurophenomenology – The Case of Studying Self Boundaries With Meditators |journal=Frontiers in Psychology |date=2020 |volume=11 |pages=1680 |doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01680 |pmid=32793056 |pmc=7385412 |issn=1664-1078|doi-access=free }}</ref> === Epistemologija === Iskustvo, kada se shvati u smislu senzacije, od posebnog je interesa u epistemologiji. Znanje zasnovano na ovom obliku iskustva naziva se "empirijsko znanje" ili "znanje a posteriori". [[Empirizam]] je teza da je svo znanje empirijsko znanje, tj. da ne postoji znanje koje u konačnici ne počiva na čulnom iskustvu. Tradicijski, ovom stavu se suprotstavljaju [[racionalisti]], koji prihvataju da čulno iskustvo može utemeljiti znanje, ali i omogućiti druge izvore znanja. Naprimjer, neki racionalisti tvrde da ljudi imaju ili urođeno ili intuitivno znanje matematike koje se ne zasniva na generalizacijama zasnovanim na čulnim iskustvima.<ref name="Markie">{{cite web |last1=Markie |first1=Peter |last2=Folescu |first2=M. |title=Rationalism vs. Empiricism |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/rationalism-empiricism/#Intr |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=21 September 2021 |date=2021}}</ref> Drugi problem je razumjeti kako je moguće da čulna iskustva opravdaju vjerovanja. Prema jednom gledištu, osjetilna iskustva su sama po sebi slična vjerovanju u smislu da uključuju afirmaciju propozicionih sadržaja. Prema ovom gledištu, viđenje bijelog snijega uključuje, između ostalog, afirmacijski prijedlog "snijeg je bijeli".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Oppy |first1=Graham |title=Propositional attitudes |url=https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/thematic/propositional-attitudes/v-1 |website=Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=21 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Uzimajući u obzir ovu pretpostavku, iskustva mogu opravdati vjerovanja na isti način kao što uvjerenja mogu opravdati druga uvjerenja: jer njihovi propozicijski sadržaji stoje u odgovarajućim logičkim i objašnjavajućim odnosima jedan prema drugom. Ali ova pretpostavka ima mnogo protivnika, koji tvrde da su senzacije nekonceptualne i stoga nepropozicione. S takvog gledišta, afirmacija da je snijeg bijel je već nešto što se dodaje čulnom iskustvu, što samo po sebi možda ne predstavlja mnogo više od predstavljanja mrlje bjeline.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Balog |first1=Katalin |title=Jerry Fodor on Non-Conceptual Content |journal=Synthese |date=2009 |volume=167 |issue=3 |pages=311–320 |doi=10.1007/s11229-009-9585-x |s2cid=18583257 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/BALJFO}}</ref> Jedan od problema za ovaj [[#Konceptualnost i mit o datom|nekonceptualističkom pristupu]] perceptivnom iskustvu je taj što se suočava sa poteškoćama u objašnjavanju kako čulna iskustva mogu opravdati vjerovanja, kao što ona očigledno čine. Jedan od načina da se izbjegne ovaj problem je poricanje ove pojave držeći se da ona ne opravdavaju uvjerenja, već samo uzrokuju uvjerenja.<ref name="DiFate"/> U [[teorija koherentnosti opravdanja|teoriji koherentnosti opravdanja]], ova uvjerenja još uvijek mogu biti opravdano, ne zbog iskustava koja su odgovorna za njih, već zbog načina na koji se usklađuju s ostalim uvjerenjima osobe. Zbog svog odnosa prema opravdanju i znanju, iskustvo igra centralnu ulogu za empirijsku racionalnost.<ref name="Gupta2012"/> Da li je racionalno da neko vjeruje u određenu tvrdnju zavisi, između ostalog, od iskustava koje ta osoba ima prethodno.<ref name="Audi"/><ref name="Rescher"/> Naprimjer, nastavnik može opravdano vjerovati da će određeni [[učenik]] položiti ispit na osnovu nastavnikovog iskustva sa učenikom u učionici. Ali isto vjerovanje ne bi bilo opravdano za stranca koji nema ova iskustva. Racionalnost je u tom smislu relativna u odnosu na iskustvo. Ovo implicira da bi moglo biti racionalno da jedna osoba prihvati određenu tvrdnju, dok druga osoba može racionalno odbiti istu tvrdnju.<ref name="Audi">{{cite journal |last1=Audi |first1=Robert |title=Précis of the Architecture of Reason |journal=Philosophy and Phenomenological Research |date=2003 |volume=67 |issue=1 |pages=177–180 |doi=10.1111/j.1933-1592.2003.tb00031.x |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/AUDPOT}}</ref><ref name="Rescher">{{cite book |last1=Rescher |first1=Nicholas |title=Rationality: A Philosophical Inquiry Into the Nature and the Rationale of Reason |date=1988 |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/RESRAP |chapter=10. The Universality of the Rational}}</ref><ref name="Gupta2012"/> === Nauka === Usko povezana sa ulogom iskustva u epistemologiji je njegova uloga u [[nauka|nauci]].<ref name="Masiello">{{cite book |last1=Masiello |first1=R. J. |title=New Catholic Encyclopedia |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/philosophy/philosophy-terms-and-concepts/experience |chapter=Experience}}</ref> Često se tvrdi da je iskustvo posmatranja centralno za naučne eksperimente. Dokazi dobijeni na ovaj način se zatim koriste za potvrđivanje ili poništavanje naučnih teorija. Na taj način iskustvo djeluje kao neutralni arbitar između suprotstavljenih teorija.<ref name="Crupi">{{cite web |last1=Crupi |first1=Vincenzo |title=Confirmation |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/confirmation/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=13 June 2021 |date=2021}}</ref><ref name="DiFate">{{cite web |last1=DiFate |first1=Victor |title=Evidence |url=https://iep.utm.edu/evidence/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=11 June 2021}}</ref><ref name="ThomasKelly">{{cite web |last1=Kelly |first1=Thomas |title=Evidence |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/evidence/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=11 June 2021 |date=2016}}</ref> Naprimjer, astronomska zapažanja [[Galileo Galilei|Galilea Galileija]] u vezi sa orbitama [[planeta]] korištena su kao dokaz u [[Kopernikanska revolucija| Kopernikanskoj revoluciji]], u kojoj je tradicionalni [[geocentrični model]] odbačen u korist [[heliocentrični model|heliocentričnog]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Copernican Revolution |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Copernican-Revolution |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=29 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Jedan od problema za ovo gledište je da je neophodno da naučni dokazi budu javni i nekontroverzni. Razlog za to je što bi različiti naučnici trebali biti u mogućnosti da dijele iste dokaze kako bi došli do dogovora o tome koja je hipoteza tačna. Ali iskustvo se obično shvata kao privatno mentalno stanje, a ne kao javno vidljiv fenomen, čime se dovodi u pitanje njegova uloga kao naučnog dokaza.<ref name="DiFate"/><ref name="ThomasKelly"/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gage |first1=Logan Paul |title=Objectivity and Subjectivity in Epistemology: A Defense of the Phenomenal Conception of Evidence |chapter=1. Introduction: Two Rival Conceptions of Evidence|date=2014 |publisher=Baylor University |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/GAGOAS|type=PhD Thesis }}</ref><ref name="Borchert"/> === Metafizika === Centralni problem u [[metafizika|metafizici]] je [[problem uma i tijela]]. Uključuje pitanje kako zamisliti odnos između tijela i uma.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Borchert |first1=Donald |title=Macmillan Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2nd Edition |date=2006 |publisher=Macmillan |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/BORMEO |chapter=Mind-Body Problem}}</ref><ref name="RobinsonHoward"/> Shvaćen u svom najširem smislu, ne tiče se samo iskustva, već i bilo kojeg oblika [[svijest|uma]], uključujući i nesvjesna mentalna stanja.<ref name="RobinsonHoward"/> Ali tvrdi se da iskustvo ovdje ima posebnu važnost jer je često viđeno kao paradigmatski oblik uma.<ref name="Pernu"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Bourget |first1=David |last2=Mendelovici |first2=Angela |title=Phenomenal Intentionality: 2. The phenomenal intentionality theory |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/phenomenal-intentionality/#PhenInteTheo |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=11 October 2021 |date=2019}}</ref> Ideja da za početak postoji "problem" često se vodi unazad do toga koliko se čini da su materija i iskustvo različiti.<ref name="Pernu">{{cite journal |last1=Pernu |first1=Tuomas K. |title=The Five Marks of the Mental |journal=Frontiers in Psychology |date=2017 |volume=8 |page=1084 |doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01084 |pmid=28736537 |language=English |issn=1664-1078|pmc=5500963 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Kim">{{cite book |last1=Kim |first1=Jaegwon |title=Philosophy of Mind |date=2006 |publisher=Boulder: Westview Press |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/KIMPOM-3 |chapter=1. Introduction|edition=Second }}</ref> Fizička svojstva, poput veličine, oblika i težine, su javna i pripisuju se objektima. Iskustva su, s druge strane, privatna i pripisuju se subjektima.<ref name="RobinsonHoward">{{cite web |last1=Robinson |first1=Howard |title=Dualism: 1.1 The Mind-Body Problem |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/dualism/#MinBod |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=11 October 2021 |date=2020}}</ref> Još jedno važno karakteristično obilježje je da su iskustva namjerna, tj. da su usmjerena na objekte različite od njih samih. Ali uprkos tim razlikama, tijelo i um izgledaju da međusobno uzročno komuniciraju, što se naziva psiho-fizička uzročnost.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lowe |first1=E. J. |title=The Problem of Psychophysical Causation |journal=Australasian Journal of Philosophy |date=1992 |volume=70 |issue=3 |pages=263–76 |doi=10.1080/00048409212345161 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/LOWTPO}}</ref><ref name="Robb">{{cite web |last1=Robb |first1=David |last2=Heil |first2=John |title=Mental Causation |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mental-causation/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=11 October 2021 |date=2021}}</ref> Ovo se odnosi i na način na koji fizički događaji, kao što je kamen koji pada na nečiju nogu, izazivaju iskustva, poput oštre boli, i kako iskustva, poput namjere da se zaustavi [[bol]], uzrokuju fizičke događaje, kao što je izvlačenje [[stopala]] ispod stijene.<ref name="Robb"/> Predstavljena su različita rješenja problema uma i tijela.<ref>{{cite web |title=Philosophy of mind - Traditional metaphysical positions |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/philosophy-of-mind/The-soul-and-personal-identity#ref283966 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=12 October 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Dualizam je tradicijski važan pristup. On kaže da tijela i umovi pripadaju različitim ontološkim kategorijama i da postoje nezavisno jedan od drugog.<ref name="RobinsonHoward"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Calef |first1=Scott |title=Dualism and Mind |url=https://iep.utm.edu/dualism/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=12 October 2021}}</ref> Centralni problem za dualiste je da daju uvjerljivo objašnjenje o tome kako je njihova interakcija moguća ili zašto se čini da djeluju. Monisti, s druge strane, poriču ovaj tip ontološke bifurkacije.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schaffer |first1=Jonathan |title=Monism |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/monism/ |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=12 October 2021 |date=2018}}</ref> Umjesto toga, oni tvrde da, na najosnovnijem nivou, postoji samo jedna vrsta [[entitet]]a. Prema [[materijalizam|materijalizmu]], sve je na kraju materijalno. Prema ovom mišljenju, umovi ili ne postoje ili postoje kao materijalni aspekti tijela.<ref>{{cite web |title=Materialism |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/materialism-philosophy |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=12 October 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Prema [[idealizam|idealizmu]], sve je na kraju mentalno. Prema ovom mišljenju, materijalni objekti postoje samo u obliku ideja i stoga zavise od iskustva i drugih mentalnih stanja.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Guyer |first1=Paul |last2=Horstmann |first2=Rolf-Peter |title=Idealism: 1. Introduction |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/idealism/#Intr |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |access-date=12 October 2021 |date=2021}}</ref> Monisti se suočavaju s problemom objašnjenja kako dva tipa entiteta koji izgledaju toliko različiti mogu pripadati istoj ontološkoj kategoriji.<ref name="Pernu"/><ref name="Kim"/> [[Teški problem svijesti]] je usko povezano pitanje. Bavi se objašnjenjem zašto su neki fizički događaji, kao što su moždani procesi, praćeni [[svijest|svjesnim]] iskustvom, tj. da se podvrgavanje njima osjeća na određeni način subjektu.<.<ref name="Weisberg">{{cite web |last1=Weisberg |first1=Josh |title=Hard Problem of Consciousness |url=https://iep.utm.edu/hard-con/ |website=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="Vasilyev">{{cite journal |last1=Vasilyev |first1=Vadim V. |title="The Hard Problem of Consciousness" and Two Arguments for Interactionism |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/VASTHP-2 |journal=Faith and Philosophy |pages=514–526 |doi=10.5840/faithphil200926552 |date=2009|volume=26 |issue=5 }}</ref><ref name="McClelland">{{cite journal |last1=McClelland |first1=Tom |title=The Problem of Consciousness: Easy, Hard or Tricky? |journal=Topoi |date=2017 |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=17–30 |doi=10.1007/s11245-014-9257-4 |s2cid=145287229 |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/MCCTPO-36}}</ref> Ovo je posebno relevantno iz perspektive [[prirodne nasuke|prirodnih nauka]] jer se čini da je moguće, barem u principu, objasniti ljudsko [[ponašanje]] i spoznaju bez pozivanja na iskustvo. Takvo objašnjenje se može dogoditi u odnosu na obradu informacija u obliku električnih signala. U tom smislu, teški problem svijesti ukazuje na razjašnjavajući jaz između fizičkog svijeta i svjesnog iskustva.<ref name="Weisberg"/><ref name="Vasilyev"/><ref name="McClelland"/> Postoji značajno preklapanje između rješenja predloženih za problem uma i tijela i rješenja predloženih za teški problem svijesti.<ref name="Weisberg"/><ref name="RobinsonHoward"/> === Psihologija === Još jedno neslaganje između empirista i racionalista, osim njihovog epistemološkog spora, tiče se uloge iskustva u formiranju koncepata.<ref name="Markie"/> Koncepti su opći pojmovi koji čine temeljne gradivne blokove misli. Neki empiristi smatraju da se svi koncepti uče iz iskustva. Ovo se ponekad objašnjava tvrdnjom da koncepti samo predstavljaju generalizacije, apstrakcije ili kopije originalnog sadržaja iskustva.<ref name="Gupta2012"/> Logički empiristi, naprimjer, koristili su ovu ideju u nastojanju da smanje sadržaj svih empirijske propozicije protokolarnih rečenica koje ne bilježe ništa osim neposrednih iskustava naučnika.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Uebel |first1=Thomas |title=Empiricism at the Crossroads: The Vienna Circle's Protocol-Sentence Debate Revisited |date=2 November 2015 |publisher=Open Court |isbn=978-0-8126-9929-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nq-6CgAAQBAJ |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Logical positivism |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/logical-positivism |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=23 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Borchert"/> Ova ideja je uvjerljiva za neke koncepte, poput koncepta "crvenog" ili "pasa", za koje se čini da se stiču iskustvom sa svojim primjerima. Ali kontroverzno je da li je to tačno za sve koncepte.<ref name="Borchert"/> [[Immanuel Kant]], naprimjer, brani [[racionalizam|racionalističku]] poziciju držeći da iskustvo zahtijeva određene koncepte tako osnovne da to ne bi bilo moguće bez njih. Ovi pojmovi, takozvane kategorije, ne mogu se steći iskustvom jer su oni „uslovi mogućnosti iskustva“, prema Kantu.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Piché |first1=Claude |title=Transcendental Inquiry: Its History, Methods and Critiques |date=2016 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |isbn=978-3-319-40715-9 |pages=1–20 |url=https://papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1866/21324/picheC-KantOnTheConditions-TranscendentalInquiry-2016.pdf |language=en |chapter=Kant on the “Conditions of the Possibility” of Experience}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Thomasson |first1=Amie |title=Categories |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/categories/#KanCon |website=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |date=2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Wardy |first1=Robert |title=Categories |url=https://www.rep.routledge.com/articles/thematic/categories/v-1/sections/categories-in-kant |website=Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=23 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref> == Također pogledajte == {{Portal|Filozofija}} {{Wikiquote}} {{Wiktionary}} *[[Korisničko iskustvo]] *[[Empirizam]] *[[Ekonomija iskustva]] *[[Iskustveno obrazovanje]] *[[Iskustveni marketing]] *[[Ideastezija]] *[[Percepcija]] *[[Adrenalinski ovisnik|Uzbuđenje]] *[[Mudrost#Konfucijanizam]] **[[Ljudska samorefleksija|Refleksija]] **[[Imitacija]] ==Reference== {{Reflist}} {{Filozofske teme}} {{Metafizika}} {{Svijest}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategorija:Koncepti u epistemologiji]] [[Kategorija:Koncepti u metafilozofiji]] [[Kategorija:Koncepti u metafizici]] [[Kategorija:Koncepti u filozofiji uma]] [[Kategorija:Koncepti u filozofiji nauke]] [[Kategorija:Svijest]] [[Kategorija:Kritičko razmišljanje]] [[Kategorija:Empirizam]] [[Kategorija:Epistemološke teorije]] [[Kategorija:Epistemologija nauke]] [[Kategorija:Historija filozofije]] [[Kategorija:Historija nauke]] [[Kategorija:Intelektualna historija]] [[Kategorija:Znanje]] [[Kategorija:Metafizičke teorije]] [[Kategorija:Metafizika uma]] [[Kategorija:Um]] [[Kategorija:Percepcija]] [[Kategorija:Fenomenologija]] [[Kategorija:Filozofija uma]] [[Kategorija:Filozofija nauke]] [[Kategorija:Izvori znanja]] [[Kategorija:Misao]] bigugz656olq8yckaliy11mmrhpc8ji 0 492510 3427021 2022-08-02T09:06:22Z 21775198.138-dopisnik 131410 Preusmjereno na [[Misao]] wikitext text/x-wiki #PREUSMJERI [[Misao]] 9uq84g5wg7akp5i9itqb2a5cq700ksg 0 492511 3427023 2022-08-02T09:10:54Z 21775198.138-dopisnik 131410 Preusmjereno na [[Iskustvo]] wikitext text/x-wiki #PREUSMJERI [[Iskustvo]] 0238ikig8p7s3su6n573uhqdc0hp0ac 0 492512 3427032 2022-08-02T10:37:40Z Palapa 383 Nova stranica: <nowiki>#</nowiki>Preusmjeri:[[Nacionalna biblioteka Poljske]] wikitext text/x-wiki <nowiki>#</nowiki>Preusmjeri:[[Nacionalna biblioteka Poljske]] lq22jkjzuah9lt7rleu9chr77vkb2bp 3427036 3427032 2022-08-02T10:38:04Z Palapa 383 Preusmjereno na [[Nacionalna biblioteka Poljske]] wikitext text/x-wiki #Preusmjeri:[[Nacionalna biblioteka Poljske]] 84nzhm0axrm921g4fzqdhc3bd75dpr5 1 492513 3427050 2022-08-02T11:42:41Z 77.77.222.84 /* Relevantnost */ novi odlomak wikitext text/x-wiki == Relevantnost == Treba razmotriti relevantnost ove organizacije. Sta je ova organizacija, je li legalna ili je samo paradrzavna formacija? Ako je stranica AntiDayton obrisana zbog animoziteta “cijenjenog kolege”, zasto i ova stranica ne bi bila obrisana? [[Posebno:Doprinosi/77.77.222.84|77.77.222.84]] 13:42, 2 august 2022 (CEST) ov88za0v3dq88c9yy4bhjq68q0qkglx