Wikipedia:Mabiligu dundɔŋ

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* '''dag:''' {{int:please-translate}}
* '''en:''' Requests for the [[m:bot|bot]] flag should be made on this page. This wiki uses the [[m:bot policy|standard bot policy]], and allows [[m:bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] and [[m:bot policy#Automatic_approval|automatic approval of certain types of bots]]. Other bots should apply below, and then [[m:Steward requests/Bot status|request access]] from a steward if there is no objection.
&lt;/div&gt;

== Coming soon: Template dialog improvements for VisualEditor and new wiktext mode ==

''/ Apologies for writing in English. It would be great if you could help translate this message. / ''

Hello! Here is more news from the focus area “[[meta:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Make working with templates easier]]” by Wikimedia Germany’s [[meta:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]]: 

'''Your wiki will soon receive an overall improved interface for editing templates''' in VisualEditor and in the new wikitext mode ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]]). This includes several improvements: 

* general redesign (more spacing, bigger window for better usability),
* a better overview of parameters that are available for a template,
* an easier way to add parameters via checkboxes and search filters,
* better visibility of important information,
* added links to documentation and help pages.

More in-depth information can be found on [[meta:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|the project page on Meta]]. The planned deployment date for these changes is October 6. 

'''Please note'''
* Some interface texts in the dialog have changed and might need to be [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translate?group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw&amp;language=dag&amp;filter=%21translated&amp;action=translate translated into your language on translatewiki]. It can take around two weeks for translations to appear in the interface.
* The [[mw:wiki/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|official VisualEditor help page on mediawiki.org]] will only be changed later this year, when all wikis have received the feature. If you have a local help page about the feature, you can update it based on [[meta:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements/Release notes|information on this page]], which we will fill with content in late September.

We would be very happy to hear what you think of these changes. Please let us know [[meta:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|on this talk page]]. -- [[Ŋun su:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:09, 22 Silimin gɔli September 2021 (GMT)

: Hello again! Unfortunately, '''this deployment will be postponed a bit''':
:* Our team is currently still working on a few optimizations for mobile and for screen readers, so we’re planning to deploy the feature to your wiki in late October/beginning of November.
:* That also means that the [[meta:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements/Release notes|texts on this subpage]] are not finished yet. We’ll give you an update here on your village pump once the texts are done. Then you can update your help page accordingly.
:* '''If you haven’t already [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translate?group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw&amp;language=dag&amp;filter=%21translated&amp;action=translate translated the VE template dialog texts], now is a good time to do this.'''
:* For those who are curious what to expect, here are two videos: One shows the current interface on English Wikipedia, the other one shows the improved interface which you’ll get soon (currently on betawiki):
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; widths=&quot;300px&quot; heights=&quot;300px&quot;&gt;
VE Template Dialog before changes by WMDE's Technical Wishes team.webm|Current view on English Wikipedia
New VE Template Dialog, improved by WMDE's Technical Wishes team.webm|Coming soon: Improved version
&lt;/gallery&gt;

Sorry for the inconvenience! – Johanna for the Technical Wishes team, [[Ŋun su:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:46, 6 Silimin gɔli October 2021 (GMT)

:: The documentation of the improvements on the Visual Editor template dialog is finally complete now and can be found [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE%20Technical%20Wishes/VisualEditor%20template%20dialog%20improvements/Release%20notes here]. Sorry for the delay. Please remember to [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translate?group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw&amp;language=dag&amp;filter=%21translated&amp;action=translate translate the VE template dialog texts] if you haven’t already. The deployment of these changes is planned for November 16th. – For the Technical Wishes team, [[Ŋun su:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:38, 4 Silimin gɔli November 2021 (GMT)

Thank you so much for the kind gesture. We look forward to a more super view. 16th November is already saved in my calendar to wake up to a new introduction of an interface. [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 21:56, 4 Silimin gɔli November 2021 (GMT)

'''Final deployment date: template dialog improvements for VisualEditor and new wiktext mode'''&lt;br&gt;
Unfortunately, the deployment had to be postponed and did not happen on November 16th as announced. I am very sorry about this. The extensive [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/VisualEditor_template_dialog_improvements template dialog improvements] for VisualEditor and new wiktext will finally be available from November 24th on your wiki. If you have any feedback, please let us know on the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/VisualEditor_template_dialog_improvements project’s talk page].  -- Timur for Wikimedia Germany’s Technical Wishes team, [[Ŋun su:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:06, 23 Silimin gɔli November 2021 (GMT)&lt;br&gt;

P.S.: We are still working out the final details with the new keyboard navigation which should be working smoothly soon.


== Extension:ArticlePlaceholder ==
[[:mw:Extension:ArticlePlaceholder|Extension:ArticlePlaceholder]] tooi sɔŋdi ka lahabaya kalinli nabigiri Wikipedia zuƔu. Sokama yi saɣi, ti ni tooi che ka Tɛmplati maa tum tuma kpe Dagbani Wikipedia ŋɔ zuƔu. -&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;background:orange;font-family:sans-serif;&quot;&gt;~'''[[User:Masssly|Masssly]]'''&lt;/span&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;background:lightgreen;font-family:sans-serif;&quot;&gt;'''[[User_talk:Masssly|Yɛlima ka n wum]]'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 10:12, 25 Silimin gɔli October 2021 (GMT)
:*{{support}} ''Support'' -&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;background:orange;font-family:sans-serif;&quot;&gt;~'''[[User:Masssly|Masssly]]'''&lt;/span&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;background:lightgreen;font-family:sans-serif;&quot;&gt;'''[[User_talk:Masssly|Yɛlima ka n wum]]'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 10:13, 25 Silimin gɔli October 2021 (GMT)
:*{{Support}} Naawuni yiko ni, man' saɣiya. Di naa sɔŋ ti pam. [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 21:47, 4 Silimin gɔli November 2021 (GMT)

::@{{ping|Masssly}} , above extension have been deployed on this wiki, for that extension to work please complete inwiki setup mentioned in [[mediawikiwiki:Extension:ArticlePlaceholder#Set-up]].[[Ŋun su:~aanzx|~aanzx]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:~aanzx|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 04:51, 14 Silimin gɔli January 2022 (GMT)
::: Done! It's working now, thanks! -&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;background:orange;font-family:sans-serif;&quot;&gt;~'''[[User:Masssly|Masssly]]'''&lt;/span&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;background:lightgreen;font-family:sans-serif;&quot;&gt;'''[[User_talk:Masssly|Yɛlima ka n wum]]'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 11:21, 15 Silimin gɔli January 2022 (GMT)

== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 28th''' of February.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2022 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 13:14, 9 Silimin gɔli January 2022 (GMT)
&lt;/div&gt;
Thank you so much for the invitation.Here is the application for the Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 in Ghana.
https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Alhassan_Mohammed_Awal/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2022_in_Ghana. [[Ŋun su:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Alhassan Mohammed Awal]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 08:58, 14 Silimin gɔli January 2022 (GMT)
￼
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wlf&amp;oldid=22560402 --&gt;

==Bot policy==
Hello. To facilitate [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards|steward]] granting of bot access, I suggest implementing the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Bot policy|standard bot policy]] on this wiki. In particular, this policy allows stewards to automatically flag known interlanguage linking bots (if this page says that is acceptable) or bots that fix double redirects. The policy also enables [[m:Bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] on this wiki (if this page says that is acceptable), which are trusted bots that will be given bot access on every wiki that allows global bots.

This policy makes bot access requesting much easier for local users, operators, and stewards. To implement it we only need to create a redirect to this page from [[Project:Bot policy]], and add a line at the top noting that it is used here. If you use or prefer to use a dedicated project page for handling bot flag requests, that is also acceptable. Please read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Bot policy|the text at Meta-Wiki]] before commenting. If you object, please say so; I hope to implement in two weeks if there is no objection, since it is particularly written to streamline bot requests on wikis with little or no community interested in bot access requests. Thank you for your consideration. --[[Ŋun su:Zabe|Zabe]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Zabe|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:17, 16 Silimin gɔli January 2022 (GMT)
:I Strongly support this! It is a great idea knowing the power of bots and how they can make our language wikipedia great. [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 22:27, 25 Silimin gɔli January 2022 (GMT)
:: Thank you. I've '''implemented''' the policy. Please add on top of this page the following:
::: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;* '''en:''' Requests for the [[m:bot|bot]] flag should be made on this page. This wiki uses the [[m:bot policy|standard bot policy]], and allows [[m:bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] and [[m:bot policy#Automatic_approval|automatic approval of certain types of bots]]. Other bots should apply below, and then [[m:Steward requests/Bot status|request access]] from a steward if there is no objection.&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
:: Best regards, --[[Ŋun su:MarcoAurelio|MarcoAurelio]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MarcoAurelio|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 18:40, 16 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
:::[[Ŋun su:MarcoAurelio|MarcoAurelio]], Thank you for '''implementing''' the policy. I checked and I saw that [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] have added the above code at the top of this page but it seems something is wrong somewhere. Please check the code. Many thanks [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:07, 19 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
:::: @[[User:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]], I've [[Special:Diff/35641/prev|fixed the code]]. I hope that it looks okay to you. Regards, --[[Ŋun su:MarcoAurelio|MarcoAurelio]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MarcoAurelio|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:39, 19 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
:::::Many thanks @[[User:MarcoAurelio|MarcoAurelio]]

==Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 in Ghana==

Hello,

The [[Dagbani Wikimedians User Group]] is inviting to participate in the [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2022_in_Ghana 2022 Wiki Loves Folklore contest] in Ghana. Please feel free to comment or endorse the grant application [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Dagbani_Wikimedians/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2022_in_Ghana here]. [[Ŋun su:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Alhassan Mohammed Awal]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 05:22, 1 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)

==Admin renewal voting==
Dear Dagbani Wikipedia community,

Please vote here on whether to extend the administrator positions of these two users. Adminship will expire at the end of February 2022 as an initial trial, but now we are voting on whether to indefinitely extend adminship.
*{{u|Masssly}}
*{{u|Sabon Harshe}}
*{{u|Shahadusadik}}

We have made good use of adminship for the past several months, and see our roles as more like online maintenance workers rather than 'bosses'. Everyone on this Wikipedia has been quite cooperative and helpful, so our work was mostly limited to fixing broken redirects and moving pages. There are currently only 3 admins maintaining this wiki, so manpower would definitely be helpful for the community. [[Ŋun su:Sabon Harshe|Sabon Harshe]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sabon Harshe|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 12:05, 21 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)

===Masssly===
Masssly is one of the most important members of our community. He played essential roles founding the Dagbani Wikipedia and is a member of the Wikimedia Board Election Committee, to help steward Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustee and Funds Dissemination Committee elections.

;Support votes
* [[Ŋun su:Achiri Bitamsimli|Achiri Bitamsimli]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Achiri Bitamsimli|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:29, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Issahiddris|Issahiddris]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Issahiddris|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:43, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Alhassan Mohammed Awal]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:07, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:16, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Ruky Wunpini|Ruky Wunpini]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Ruky Wunpini|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:07, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT) 
* [[Ŋun su: Munkaila Sulemana|Munkaila Sulemana]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa: Munkaila Sulemana|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:36, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 22:40, 23 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Musahfm|Musahfm]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Musahfm|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 23:45, 13 Silimin gɔli March 2022 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:11, 19 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)

;Neutral votes

;Oppose votes

===Sabon Harshe===
Sabon Harshe has created hundreds of new articles on the Dagbani Wikipedia and has also made major contributions to many African-language wikis.

;Support votes
* [[Ŋun su:Achiri Bitamsimli|Achiri Bitamsimli]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Achiri Bitamsimli|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 00:34, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Issahiddris|Issahiddris]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Issahiddris|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:42, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Alhassan Mohammed Awal]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:09, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:16, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Ruky Wunpini|Ruky Wunpini]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Ruky Wunpini|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:04, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT) 
* [[Ŋun su: Munkaila Sulemana|Munkaila Sulemana]] ([[Ŋun su Yɛltɔɣa: Munkaila Sulemana|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:41, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT) 
* [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 22:40, 23 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Musahfm|Musahfm]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Musahfm|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 23:47, 13 Silimin gɔli March 2022 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:12, 19 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
;Neutral votes

;Oppose votes

===Shahadusadik===
Sadik Shahadu is the Executive Director of the Dagbani Wikimedians User Group. He provides training and general support to contributors of the Dagbani Wikipedia. 

;Support votes
* [[Ŋun su:Achiri Bitamsimli|Achiri Bitamsimli]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Achiri Bitamsimli|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 00:34, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:Issahiddris|Issahiddris]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Issahiddris|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:41, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Alhassan Mohammed Awal]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:10, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)

* [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:14, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Ruky Wunpini|Ruky Wunpini]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Ruky Wunpini|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:06, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT) 
* [[Ŋun su: Munkaila Sulemana|Munkaila Sulemana]] ([[Ŋun su Yɛltɔɣa: Munkaila Sulemana Yɛltɔɣa: Munkaila Sulemana|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:46, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 22:40, 23 Silimin gɔli February 2022 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Musahfm|Musahfm]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Musahfm|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 23:50, 13 Silimin gɔli March 2022 (GMT)

;Neutral votes

;Oppose votes

== Make working with templates easier: Several improvements coming to your wiki soon. ==

[[File:I_love_templates_hexagon.png|right|200x200px]]
''Apologies for writing in English. It would be great if you could help translate this message.''

Hello! A few months ago, your wiki received these improvements from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]] project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Wikimedia Deutschland’s Technical Wishes]] team: 

* In the template dialog of the VisualEditor, several fundamental improvements were done. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|1]])
* A new attribute “suggested values” was introduced to help you clarify what values a parameter may expect. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Suggested values for template parameters|2]])
* When using syntax highlighting, line numbers are shown in the ''template'' namespace. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|3]]) &lt;br/&gt;A few wikis have these line numbers in ''all'' namespaces. If you want this for your wiki as well, please reach out to us.

'''On March 9''', more improvements from the Templates project are coming to this and many more wikis:
* Finding and inserting templates will become easier with an improved search and added warnings. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|4]])
* In VisualEditor, you will be able to remove a template from a page via the context menu, just like removing a table or an image. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|5]])
* Matching brackets will be highlighted (when you use syntax highlighting (CodeMirror)). ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|6]])
* The color scheme in syntax highlighting (CodeMirror) will be updated for better readability. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|7]])

These improvements have been tested on a few other wikis for a few months now, but we’d love to hear what you think of them on the talk pages of the project pages linked above ([1] - [7]). 

A few weeks later, we’re also going to add a colorblind-friendly color scheme in syntax highlighting (CodeMirror extension). You’ll be able to activate it via a user setting.

– Greetings from the Technical Wishes project, [[Ŋun su:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:59, 1 Silimin gɔli March 2022 (GMT)
:Dear[[Ŋun su:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] and the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Wikimedia Deutschland’s Technical Wishes]] team, Thank you so much for the support! We will explore the changes made and will get back to you if we have questions regarding the links your shared. most of our community members are able to read in English and Dagbani but we will be able to translate your message into Dagbani language. Please let us know if you need any information to help you support the Dagbani Wikipedia even more. Many thanks. [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:09, 14 Silimin gɔli March 2022 (GMT)
:: @[[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]]: That is wonderful! It would be great to get some feedback how the features are working for you, on the talk pages of the project pages that I have linked above. I hope they serve you well in your work. -- Have a good weekend! [[Ŋun su:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:37, 18 Silimin gɔli March 2022 (GMT)

==Wiki Loves Earth 2022 in Ghana==

Hi all,

The [https://meta.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Moore_Wikimedia_Community Moore Wikimedia Community] is organizing Wiki Loves Earth 2022 in Ghana]]. Please feel free to leave your comments and or endorse the [[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid/Moore_Wikimedia_Community/Wiki_Loves_Earth_2022_in_Ghana#Moore_Wikipedia%28Incubator%29|grant application]] 

Thanks.

[[Ŋun su:Musahfm|Musahfm]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Musahfm|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 21:55, 13 Silimin gɔli March 2022 (GMT)
:Hi [[Ŋun su:Musahfm|Musahfm]] and the Moore wiki community, Thank you for inviting us. We are very happy to contribute to the Wiki loves earth 2022 in Ghana project. Please let us know if you need any assistance. Cheers! on behalf of the [[Dagbani Wikimedians User Group]], [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 20:10, 8 Silimin gɔli April 2022 (GMT)

== Namespace pala ==
Kamani [[Wikipedia:Mabiligu_dundɔŋ/Archive/August_2021#New_namespace:Salima|namespace:Salima]] din pa [[Solɔɣu]] zuɣu la, di tu ni ti nam namespace pala din yɛn laɣim lahabaya shɛŋa ŋan doya  ŋɔ:
* Kpiɛriti
* Shɛhira gbana
* Yɛltɔɣataɣamalisi
* ŋaha
* Yila
* Wahi
* Tilahi
* Diema ni yiɣ'jam 
* kali
* Tiŋduya
* Alikuraani Suura
* Baabuli Suura

N-yuli yaɣi namespace shɛŋa? Sabimi sɔŋ kpe ka ti nam ŋa zaa jilli!
-&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;background:orange;font-family:sans-serif;&quot;&gt;~'''[[User:Masssly|Masssly]]'''&lt;/span&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;background:lightgreen;font-family:sans-serif;&quot;&gt;'''[[User_talk:Masssly|Yɛlima ka n wum]]'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 08:44, 22 Silimin gɔli April 2022 (GMT)

== Make working with templates easier: One more improvement coming soon. ==

''Apologies for writing in English. It would be great if you could help translate this message.'' 

Hello, one more change from WMDE’s focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” is coming to your wiki soon: In '''syntax highlighting''' ([[Mw:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror extension]]), you’ll be able to activate a '''colorblind-friendly color scheme''' with a user setting. ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting#Color-blind mode|project page]])

Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from WMDE’s focus area “Templates”. We would love to [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|hear your feedback]].

Thanks for being one of the first wikis to get the improvements from our project, and for giving valuable feedback! – [[Ŋun su:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 09:57, 29 Silimin gɔli April 2022 (GMT)

== Admin Request ==

M mabihi,

N zaŋ di puhiri suŋ din bi yoli m mali tiri so kam ti dundɔŋ gɔɣu ŋɔ ni. N suhiri la soli ni n lɛbi Adimisstireta n ti Dagbanli Wikipedia din yɛn chɛ ka n tooi sɔŋsi ni tɛmplɛti suma ʒin kpɛna ni ti Wikipedia maa yaɣa-yaɣa kalibu. 
Din niŋ ma suhupiɛlli pam ni yi dihi nuu ka be tima sɔli.
*{{u|Dnshitobu}}
M paɣiya!
===Dnshitobu ===

;Support votes
# [[Ŋun su:Ruky Wunpini|Ruky Wunpini]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Ruky Wunpini|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 09:56, 21 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)
# -&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;background:orange;font-family:sans-serif;&quot;&gt;~'''[[User:Masssly|Masssly]]'''&lt;/span&gt; &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:white;background:lightgreen;font-family:sans-serif;&quot;&gt;'''[[User_talk:Masssly|Yɛlima ka n wum]]'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 10:01, 21 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Musahfm|Musahfm]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Musahfm|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:13, 21 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)
#[[Ŋun su:Alhaj Darajaati|Alhaj Darajaati]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhaj Darajaati|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:22, 21 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)
# Mbo! Naawuni ni ti nasara[[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:47, 21 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)
# Naawuni yiko ni O nam puuni, nasara nyɛla a dini [[Ŋun su:Achiri Bitamsimli|Achiri Bitamsimli]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Achiri Bitamsimli|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:10, 21 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)
# A shiri simdi ni a lebi adiministireeta. [[Ŋun su:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Alhassan Mohammed Awal]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 19:01, 21 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)
#[[Ŋun su:Abubakar280|Abubakar280]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Abubakar280|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 22:12, 22 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)
# ashiri simdili [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 22:15, 22 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)
# Nyini n-kuli nyɛ li [[Ŋun su:Attah Mohammed|Attah Mohammed]] (Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Attah Mohammed|Yɛltɔɣa]] 11:05, 22 Silimin goli June 2022 (GMT)
#[[Ŋun su:Hasslaebetch|Hasslaebetch]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Hasslaebetch|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:41, 27 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
11. [[Ŋun su:Munkaila Sulemana|Munkaila Sulemana]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Munkaila Sulemana|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 04:15, 23 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)

12. [[Ŋun su:Alhassan Peter|Alhassan Peter]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhassan Peter|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 07:10, 23 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)

13. [[Ŋun su:Yakubu Fadilatu|Yakubu Fadilatu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Yakubu Fadilatu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:20, 23 Silimin gɔli June 2022 (GMT)
;Neutral votes
----
;Oppose votes

== Admin Renewal ==

M mabihi,
N zaŋ di puhiri suŋ din bi yoli m mali tiri so kam ti dundɔŋ gɔɣu ŋɔ ni. N suhiri la soli ni n neei n daa Adimisstireta tali maa ti Dagbanli Wikipedia ŋɔ zuɣu din yɛn chɛ ka n tooi sɔŋsi ni tɛmplɛti suma ʒin kpɛna ni ti Wikipedia maa yaɣa-yaɣa kalibu. Din niŋ ma suhupiɛlli pam ni yi dihi nuu ka bɛ tima sɔli.

===Shahadusadik ===

;Support votes
*[[Ŋun su:Uprising Man|Uprising Man]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Uprising Man|Yɛltɔɣa]])

*[[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 21:33, 18 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
 
* [[Ŋun su:Awinebotima|Awinebotima]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Awinebotima|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:35, 19 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:17, 19 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:Hasslaebetch|Hasslaebetch]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Hasslaebetch|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:43, 27 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
;Neutral votes

;Oppose votes

===Din-nani1===
;Support votes 
* [[Ŋun su:Uprising Man|Uprising Man]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Uprising Man|Yɛltɔɣa]])
* [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 21:33, 18 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:Awinebotima|Awinebotima]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Awinebotima|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:35, 19 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:17, 19 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:Hasslaebetch|Hasslaebetch]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Hasslaebetch|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:44, 27 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
;Neutral votes

;Oppose votes

===Dnshitobu ===

;Support votes
*[[Ŋun su:Uprising Man|Uprising Man]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Uprising Man|Yɛltɔɣa]])
* [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 21:32, 18 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:Awinebotima|Awinebotima]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Awinebotima|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:36, 19 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:16, 19 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:Hasslaebetch|Hasslaebetch]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Hasslaebetch|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:45, 27 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
;Neutral votes

;Oppose votes

== Event Registration Tool: Demo and Invitation to Test ==

===Cross posting===

[[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''The Campaigns Product  Team''']] from the Wikimedia Foundation will be hosting two office hours to  demo the new [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']], and train organizers how to  use it. In these office hours, you will learn how to:

* Create an event page in the new event namespace (as an event organizer)

* Enable registration on your event page (as an event organizer)

* Collect data on who registered for your event (as an event organizer)

* Register for an event on the event page (as an event participant)

You can attend one office hour or both, depending on your availability on the following dates:

* Session 1: '''Thursday, July 21, 2022 at 5:00 PM UTC'''

* Session 2: '''Saturday, July 23, 2022 at 12:00 PM UTC'''

These events will be multilingual, with live interpretations in '''Arabic''', '''English''', '''French''', '''Italian''', and '''Portuguese''', and '''Swahili'''. Note that Portuguese will be available on the 21st, but not the 23rd. We strongly encourage you to join and share your feedback on the tool. Your feedback will help us improve the tool so that Wikimedians can have a better event experience. To register, please reply to this email or [[metawiki:Campaigns/Foundation Programs Team/Office Hours/2022 07|'''''sign-up to our page''''']], by adding your signature.

Thank you!
[[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:59, 21 Silimin gɔli July 2022 (GMT)

== Campaign Product Team Office Hour - July 21, 2022 ==

=== Cross posting ===
Hello '''Campaign Product Newsletter''' subscribers!


The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']] will be having an office hour today, '''July 21, 2022 at 17:00 UTC''' via '''Zoom''' to demo the first release of the [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Registration|'''Event Registration Tool''']].

You may join the office hour using this [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/83538569035 '''meeting link''']. 

We look forward to your participation. 

Thank you.


Best,

The [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team|'''Campaign Product Team''']]

[[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:04, 21 Silimin gɔli July 2022 (GMT)

== Community Wishlist Survey 2023 opens in January! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''{{int:Please-translate}}''

{{int:Hello}}

The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023|'''Community Wishlist Survey (CWS) 2023''']], which lets contributors propose and vote for tools and improvements, starts next month on Monday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1674496831 23 January 2023, at 18:00 UTC] and will continue annually.

We are inviting you to share your ideas for technical improvements to our tools and platforms. Long experience in editing or technical skills is not required. If you have ever used our software and thought of an idea to improve it, this is the place to come share those ideas!

The dates for the phases of the Survey will be as follows:
* Phase 1: Submit, discuss, and revise proposals – Monday, Jan 23, 2023 to Sunday, Feb 6, 2023
* Phase 2: WMF/Community Tech reviews and organizes proposals – Monday, Jan 30, 2023 to Friday, Feb 10, 2023
* Phase 3: Vote on proposals – Friday, Feb 10, 2023 to Friday, Feb 24, 2023
* Phase 4: Results posted – Tuesday, Feb 28, 2023

If you want to start writing out your ideas ahead of the Survey, you can start thinking about your proposals and draft them in [[m:Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|the CWS sandbox]].

We are grateful to all who participated last year. See you in January 2023!
&lt;/div&gt;

{{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Community Tech, [[m:User:STei (WMF)|STei (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 12:59, 13 Silimin gɔli December 2022 (GMT)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:STei_(WMF)/CWS_2023_List&amp;oldid=24226232 --&gt;

== Vote for your favourite Wikimedia sound logo ==

''We are really sorry for posting in English''
[[Lahabali_kɔligu:Sound_Logo_Cover_Image_-_Linkedin.png|center|800x800px]]
Voting in the Wikimedia sound logo contest [[c:Sound_Logo_Vote|'''has started''']]. From December 6 to 19, 2022, please play a part and help chose the sound that will identify Wikimedia content on audio devices. [[wmfblog:2022/12/06/vote-for-the-sound-of-all-human-knowledge/|Learn more on Diff]].

The sound logo team is grateful to everyone who participated in this global contest. We received 3,235 submissions from 2,094 participants in 135 countries. We are incredibly grateful to the team of [[wmfblog:2022/10/31/screening-3235-sound-submissions/|volunteer screeners]] and the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Communications/Sound_Logo/Contest_proposal#How_will_the_final_selection_happen? selection committee] who, among others, helped bring us to where we are today. It is now up to Wikimedia to choose the Sound Of All Human Knowledge.

Best wishes, [[Ŋun su:Arupako-WMF|Arupako-WMF]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Arupako-WMF|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 09:38, 16 Silimin gɔli December 2022 (GMT)

== Feminism and Folklore 2023 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear Wiki Community,

Christmas Greetings and a Happy New Year 2023,
 
You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2023|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
 
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/List of Articles|list]] of suggested articles.
 
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a fountain tool or dashboard.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the fountain/dashboard link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta project page]].
 
This year we would be supporting the community's financial aid for Internet and childcare support. This would be provided for the local team including their jury and coordinator team. This support is opt-in and non mandatory. Kindly fill in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSea81OO0lVgUBd551iIiENXht7BRCISYZlKyBQlemZu_j2OHQ/viewform this Google form] and mark a mail to [mailto:support@wikilovesfolklore.org support@wikilovesfolklore.org] with the subject line starting as [Stipend] Name or Username/Language. The last date to sign up for internet and childcare aid from our team is 20th of January 2023, We encourage the language coordinators to sign up their community on this link by the 25th of January 2023.
 
Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
 
We look forward to your immense coordination.
 
Thank you and Best wishes,

[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023 International Team]]

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:23, 24 Silimin gɔli December 2022 (GMT)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=23942484 --&gt;

== Global ban for PlanespotterA320/RespectCE ==

Per the [[m:Global bans|Global bans]] policy, I'm informing the project of this request for comment: [[m:Requests for comment/Global ban for PlanespotterA320 (2) ]] about banning a member from your community. Thank you.--[[User:Lemonaka|Lemonaka]] ([[User talk:Lemonaka|talk]]) 21:40, 6 February 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Zabe@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lemonaka/Massmessagelist&amp;oldid=24501599 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-03-01|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-03-01T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-03-01T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-03-01|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])&lt;/span&gt; 21:20, 27 Silimin gɔli February 2023 (GMT)
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== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023: We are back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:UCDM 2023 promo.png|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the third edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2023. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023/Prizes|prizes]].&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2023|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge!
&lt;/div&gt;
[[m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]]) 07:58, 1 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimania 2023 Welcoming Program Submissions&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;wikimania-program-submissions&quot;/&gt;[[File:Wikimania Singapore Logo.svg|right|frameless]]Do you want to host an in-person or virtual session at Wikimania 2023? Maybe a hands-on workshop, a lively discussion, a fun performance, a catchy poster, or a memorable lightning talk? [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2023:Program/Submissions|'''Submissions are open until March 28''']]. The event will have dedicated hybrid blocks, so virtual submissions and pre-recorded content are also welcome. If you have any questions, please join us at an upcoming conversation on March 12 or 19, or reach out by email at wikimania@wikimedia.org or on Telegram. More information on-wiki.&lt;section end=&quot;wikimania-program-submissions&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Seeking volunteers for the next step in the Universal Code of Conduct process&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello,

As follow-up to [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/IOMVS7W75ZYMABQGOQ2QH2JAURC3CHGH/ the message about the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines] by Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Vice Chair, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, I am reaching out about the next steps. I want to bring your attention to the next stage of the Universal Code of Conduct process, which is forming a building committee for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). I invite community members with experience and deep interest in community health and governance to nominate themselves to be part of the U4C building committee, which needs people who are:

* Community members in good standing
* Knowledgeable about movement community processes, such as, but not limited to, policy drafting, participatory decision making, and application of existing rules and policies on Wikimedia projects
* Aware and appreciative of the diversity of the movement, such as, but not limited to, languages spoken, identity, geography, and project type
* Committed to participate for the entire U4C Building Committee period from mid-May - December 2023
* Comfortable with engaging in difficult, but productive conversations
* Confidently able to communicate in English

The Building Committee shall consist of volunteer community members, affiliate board or staff, and Wikimedia Foundation staff.

The Universal Code of Conduct has been a process strengthened by the skills and knowledge of the community and I look forward to what the U4C Building Committee creates. If you are interested in joining the Building Committee, please either [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee/Nominations|sign up on the Meta-Wiki page]], or contact ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org by May 12, 2023. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read more on Meta-Wiki]]'''.

Best regards,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 19:00, 26 Silimin gɔli April 2023 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Automatic citations based on ISBN are broken&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot; /&gt;
Apologies if this message does not reach you in your favorite language. [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)/ISBN|You can help translate it centrally at Meta]]. Thanks for your help. 

We have recently become unable to access the WorldCat API which provided the ability to generate citations using ISBN numbers. The Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Editing_team|Editing team]] is investigating several options to restore the functionality, but will need to disable ISBN citation generation for now.

This affects citations made with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide/Citations-Full#Automatic|VisualEditor Automatic tab]], and the use of the citoid API in gadgets and user scripts, such as the autofill button on [[:en:Wikipedia:RefToolbar|refToolbar]]. Please note that all the other automatic ways of generating citations, including via URL or DOI, are still available.

You can keep updated on the situation [[phab:T336298|via Phabricator]], or by reading the next issues of [[m:Tech News]]. If you know of any users or groups who rely heavily on this feature (for instance, someone who has an upcoming editathon), I'd appreciate it if you shared this update with them.

[[User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], on behalf of the Editing team.&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 19:45, 11 Silimin gɔli May 2023 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Selection of the U4C Building Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
The next stage in the Universal Code of Conduct process is establishing a Building Committee to create the charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). The Building Committee has been selected. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read about the members and the work ahead on Meta-wiki]].&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Project|UCoC Project Team]], 04:20, 27 Silimin gɔli May 2023 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Announcing the new Elections Committee members&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello there, 

We are glad to announce [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/4TALOUFPAP2VDBR27GKRVOP7IGQYU3DB/|the new members and advisors of the Elections Committee]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Elections Committee]] assists with the design and implementation of the process to select Community- and Affiliate-Selected trustees for the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. After an open nomination process, the strongest candidates spoke with the Board and four candidates were asked to join the Elections Committee. Four other candidates were asked to participate as advisors. 

Thank you to all the community members who submitted their names for consideration. We look forward to working with the Elections Committee in the near future.

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 17:59, 28 Silimin gɔli June 2023 (GMT)
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== Linking new articles and categories to Wikidata ==

Hi all. With thanks to {{ping|Shahadusadik}}, I learnt about dagwiki and your great Wikidata integration at Wikimania. I operate [[User:Pi bot]], which runs a script to link new Wikipedia articles with Wikidata items where possible, or create new items after a 14-day wait. Would you like me to set this running for dagwiki? As a first step, it's now adding new articles with Wikidata item matches into [https://wikidata-game.toolforge.org/distributed/#game=82&amp;opt=%7B%22type%22%3A%22all%22%7D the Wikidata game], and will add new potential matches to that daily. If you want, I can start the script to create the new Wikidata items after 14 days (with the exception that if a potential match is in the Game, it will wait for that to be resolved before creating a new item), would that be useful? Thanks. [[Ŋun su:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Mike Peel|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:38, 22 Silimin gɔli August 2023 (GMT)

:Hi @[[Ŋun su:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]], Thank you so much for this. I would appreciate it a lot if you could run me through how this is done. Our community is definitely interested in using it. Also, feel free to set it running for dagwiki.I am available to talk more! [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 11:35, 4 Silimin gɔli September 2023 (GMT)
::{{ping|Shahadusadik}} Thanks for your support for this work. There are two parts here. The first part is already running, the bot is looking for Wikidata items that match new articles here, and it is adding them to [https://wikidata-game.toolforge.org/distributed/#game=82&amp;opt=%7B%22type%22%3A%22all%22%7D the Wikidata game]. Please have a look at these matches and decide if they are matches or not through that tool (if you match them, then the sitelink is added through your account). The second part is creating new Wikidata items for articles without potential matches after 14 days - would you like me to start this running? It is important then to check the new items on Wikidata and merge them with existing items if the bot has missed the match. Thanks. [[Ŋun su:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Mike Peel|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 21:49, 10 Silimin gɔli September 2023 (GMT)
:::Yes. Sure @[[Ŋun su:Mike Peel|Mike Peel]]. I may have missed this important information. I went through the Wikidata game and it looks fine for me. Do you mind if we have a call on this to learn more? Many thanks for the support. [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 22:56, 3 Silimin gɔli March 2024 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Review the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello all,

I am pleased to share the next step in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] work. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) draft charter]] is now ready for your review. 

The [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] require a [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4.5_U4C_Building_Committee|Building Committee]] form to draft a charter that outlines procedures and details for a global committee to be called the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4._UCoC_Coordinating_Committee_(U4C)|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. Over the past few months, the U4C Building Committee worked together as a group to discuss and draft the U4C charter. The U4C Building Committee welcomes feedback about the draft charter now through 22 September 2023. After that date, the U4C Building Committee will revise the charter as needed and a community vote will open shortly afterward.

Join the conversation during the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee#Conversation hours|conversation hours]] or on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Meta-wiki]].

Best,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]], on behalf of the U4C Building Committee, 15:35, 28 Silimin gɔli August 2023 (GMT)
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== Fenben Human Parasites ==

[https://www.fenbendazole.org/fenbendazole-for-human-parasites/ Fenbendazole] is a frequently used medication that belongs to the benzimidazole group of drugs. This drug works by disrupting the energy production of parasites, making them unable to survive. Such parasitic infections are a tremendous health concern, affecting people and animals all over the world. Common parasites that cause these infections are roundworms, hookworms, whipworms, and tapeworms.

Parasitic infections may not cause visible symptoms right away, but prolonged exposure can lead to various difficult health issues, such as nutrient deficiency, cravings for certain foods, discomfort and swelling in the stomach, anemia, chronic exhaustion, higher body temperatures, sweat during the night, painful muscles and joints, skin issues such as rosacea, and itching in the anal and vaginal regions.

Fenbendazole has earned a reputation as a potent therapeutic remedy for intestinal parasites. Its ability to tackle many different kinds of parasites causes it to be regularly suggested as a therapy for diverse worm infections, such as strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, and enterobiasis.

Fenbendazole has a distinct way of functioning as it is directed at a particular protein named beta-tubulin which is present in the narrow tube-like structures found in parasites. Microtubules are vital for a number of cellular processes such as cell duplication and procreation.

When a parasite ingests fenbendazole, the medication binds to the beta-tubulin within the microtubules, hindering the construction of these microtubules. Therefore, the parasite's capacity to multiply its cells is hindered, unsurprisingly disrupting its reproductive aptitude.

Fenbendazole stops the parasite's ability to metabolize glucose, which it needs for fuel. As a result, the organism starts to lose energy, and when it is deprived of that, it perishes.

Fenbendazole is recognized for its accuracy, as it only acts upon the beta-tubulin of the parasites while not influencing the same element in the creature that is being treated. This is why fenbendazole is considered as an effective and safe way to address parasite invasions in many cases. [[Ŋun su:Fenbenparasites|Fenbenparasites]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Fenbenparasites|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 12:19, 6 Silimin gɔli October 2023 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;== Opportunities open for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission, and the Case Review Committee  ==&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.2em 0 .5em;margin-{{#switch:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}|ar|arc|ary|arz|azb|bcc|bgn|ckb|bqi|dv|fa|fa-af|glk|ha-arab|he|kk-arab|kk-cn|ks|ku-arab|ms-arab|mzn|pnb|prd|ps|sd|ug|ur|ydd|yi=right|left}}:3ex;&quot;&gt;
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.'']]

''&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/span&gt;''&lt;/div&gt;

Hi everyone! The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]] (AffCom), [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission]] (OC), and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety/Case_Review_Committee|Case Review Committee]] (CRC) are looking for new members. These volunteer groups provide important structural and oversight support for the community and movement. People are encouraged to nominate themselves or encourage others they feel would contribute to these groups to apply. There is more information about the roles of the groups, the skills needed, and the opportunity to apply on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments|'''Meta-wiki page''']]. 

On behalf of the Committee Support team,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
~ [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:41, 9 Silimin gɔli October 2023 (GMT) &lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Review and comment on the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection rules package&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Dear all, 

Please review and comment on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection rules package from now until 29 October 2023. The selection rules package was based on older versions by the Elections Committee and will be used in the 2024 Board of Trustees selection. Providing your comments now will help them provide a smoother, better Board selection process. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|More on the Meta-wiki page]].

Best,

Katie Chan &lt;br&gt;
Chair of the Elections Committee&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

01:12, 17 Silimin gɔli October 2023 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Coming soon: Reference Previews&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;ReferencePreviewsDefault&quot;/&gt;
[[File:Example_of_a_Reference_Preview.png|right|300px]]
A new feature is coming to your wiki soon: Reference Previews are popups for references. Such popups have existed on wikis as local gadgets for many years.  Now there is a central solution, available on all wikis, and consistent with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|PagePreviews feature]].

Reference Previews will be visible to everyone, including readers. If you don’t want to see them, [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Opt-out feature|you can opt out]]. If you are [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|using the gadgets]] Reference Tooltips or Navigation Popups, you won’t see Reference Previews unless you disable the gadget.

Reference Previews have been a beta feature on many wikis since 2019, and a default feature on some since 2021. Deployment is planned for November 22. 

* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Help page]] 
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Project page with more information (in English)]]. 
* Feedback is welcome [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews|on this talk page]]. 
-- For [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Wikimedia Deutschland’s Technical Wishes]] team,
&lt;section end=&quot;ReferencePreviewsDefault&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]], 13:11, 15 Silimin gɔli November 2023 (GMT)
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:Awesome! We look forward to it. [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 19:13, 26 Silimin gɔli December 2023 (GMT)

== Help us improve the editing experience on Wikidata by signing up for our research ==

''(apologies for writing in English)''

Hello folks,

Wikimedia Deutschland is exploring ways to improve the editing experience on Wikidata in different languages, and would love to hear your feedback.

We are conducting online interviews to learn about your experiences, expectations, and concerns. Here is a sign-up form you can use to express your interest in taking part: https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Wikidata_research_sign_up 

-Thanks [[Ŋun su:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Mohammed Abdulai (WMDE)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 12:24, 21 Silimin gɔli November 2023 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;(New) Feature on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]]: Adding geopoints via QID&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Body&quot;/&gt;Since September 2022, it is possible to create geopoints using a QID. Many wiki contributors have asked for this feature, but it is not being used much. Therefore, we would like to remind you about it. More information can be found on the [[M:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation/Geopoints via QID|project page]]. If you have any comments, please let us know on the [[M:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Geoinformation/Geopoints via QID|talk page]]. – Best regards, the team of Technical Wishes at Wikimedia Deutschland
&lt;section end=&quot;Body&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[M:User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)|Thereza Mengs (WMDE)]] 12:32, 13 Silimin gɔli December 2023 (GMT)
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== Reusing references: Can we look over your shoulder? ==

''Apologies for writing in English.''

The Technical Wishes team at Wikimedia Deutschland is planning to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. For our research, we are looking for wiki contributors willing to show us how they are interacting with references.

* The format will be a 1-hour video call, where you would share your screen. [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ More information here].
* Interviews can be conducted in English, German or Dutch.
* [[mw:WMDE_Engineering/Participate_in_UX_Activities#Compensation|Compensation is available]].
* Sessions will be held in January and February.
* [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ Sign up here if you are interested.]
* Please note that we probably won’t be able to have sessions with everyone who is interested. Our UX researcher will try to create a good balance of wiki contributors, e.g. in terms of wiki experience, tech experience, editing preferences, gender, disability and more. If you’re a fit, she will reach out to you to schedule an appointment.

We’re looking forward to seeing you, [[m:User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)| Thereza Mengs (WMDE)]]
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== Do you use Wikidata in Wikimedia sibling projects? Tell us about your experiences ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English.''

Hello, the '''[[m:WD4WMP|Wikidata for Wikimedia Projects]]''' team at Wikimedia Deutschland would like to hear about your experiences using Wikidata in the sibling projects. If you are interested in sharing your opinion and insights, please consider signing up for an interview with us in this '''[https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Wikidata-for-Wikimedia-Interviews Registration form]'''.&lt;br&gt; 
''Currently, we are only able to conduct interviews in English.''

The front page of the form has more details about what the conversation will be like, including how we would '''compensate''' you for your time.

For more information, visit our ''[[m:WD4WMP/AddIssue|project issue page]]'' where you can also share your experiences in written form, without an interview.&lt;br&gt;We look forward to speaking with you, [[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]]) 08:53, 5 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Feminism and Folklore 2024 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear Wiki Community,

You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2024, to March 31, 2024 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
 
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles.
 
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta project page]].

This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools''']

Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
 
We look forward to your immense coordination.
 
Thank you and Best wishes,

'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team]]'''

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 07:26, 18 Silimin gɔli January 2024 (GMT)

== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore 2024]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2024 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''

-- [[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 07:26, 18 Silimin gɔli January 2024 (GMT)
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,

I am reaching out to you today to announce that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) Charter is now open. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]] now through '''2 February 2024'''. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C Charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. 

Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:08, 19 Silimin gɔli January 2024 (GMT)
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== Enabling Section Translation: a new mobile translation experience ==

{{int:Hello}} Dagbani Wikipedians!

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] is pleased to let you know about our plans to enable the [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section translation]] tool in Dagbani Wikipedia. For this, our team would want you to read about the tool and test it so you can:

* Give us your feedback

* Ask us questions

* Tell us how to improve it.

Below is background information about Section translation, why we have chosen your community, and how to test it.

'''Background information'''

[[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. The Wikimedia Foundation Language team has improved the translation experience further with the Section Translation. The WMF Language team enabled the early version of the tool in February 2021 in Bengali Wikipedia. Through their feedback, the tool was improved and ready for your community to test and provide feedback to make it better.

[https://design.wikimedia.org/strategy/section-translation.html Section Translation] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will:

* Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones.

* Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device.

Dagbani Wikipedia seems an ideal candidate to enjoy this new tool since it has a Content Translation tool enabled by default.

We plan to enable the tool by 15th of February 2024, if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we’ll monitor the content created with the tool and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have in any of the following formats:

* As a reply to this message

* On [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]].

'''Try the tool'''

Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;from=en&amp;to=dag&amp;sx=true#/sx our testing instance]. Once it is enabled on Dagbani Wikipedia, you’ll have access to [[:gcr:Special:ContentTranslation|https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation]] with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve.

'''Provide feedback'''

Please provide feedback about Section translation in any of the formats you are most comfortable with. We want to hear about your impressions on:

* The tool

* What you think about our plans to enable it

* Your ideas for improving the tool.

Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback.

On behalf of the WMF Language team. [[Ŋun su:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:UOzurumba (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 22:20, 26 Silimin gɔli January 2024 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Last days to vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,

I am reaching out to you today to remind you that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) charter will close on '''2 February 2024'''. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]]. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. 

Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 17:00, 31 Silimin gɔli January 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the results of the UCoC Coordinating Committee Charter ratification vote&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

Thank you everyone for following the progress of the Universal Code of Conduct. I am writing to you today to announce the outcome of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|ratification vote]] on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee Charter]]. 1746 contributors voted in this ratification vote with 1249 voters supporting the Charter and 420 voters not. The ratification vote process allowed for voters to provide comments about the Charter. 

A report of voting statistics and a summary of voter comments will be published on Meta-wiki in the coming weeks.

Please look forward to hearing about the next steps soon.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:23, 12 Silimin gɔli February 2024 (GMT)
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== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024: We are back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:UCDM 2024 general.jpg|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the forth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2024. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes.&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2024|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Report of the U4C Charter ratification and U4C Call for Candidates now available&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

I am writing to you today with two important pieces of information. First, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Vote results|report of the comments from the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter ratification]] is now available. Secondly, the call for candidates for the U4C is open now through April 1, 2024.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members are invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Per the charter, there are 16 seats on the U4C: eight community-at-large seats and eight regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement.

Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Meta-wiki]].

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 16:25, 5 Silimin gɔli March 2024 (GMT)
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== Survey about Wikifunctions: we need your input! ==

{{int:please-translate}}!

Hello all! I’m Luca/Sannita, Community Relations Specialist for [[:f:|Wikifunctions]], the newest Wikimedia project.

We are currently conducting user research to improve Wikifunctions, and we need your input! You do not need experience with Wikifunctions to participate.

Participation takes the form of an interview, conducted online, '''in English''', using Google Meet, for a duration of about 75 minutes.

To join this study, please fill out '''[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScBACHQEKxXmyPOPKenscb4iJ_BpSRIwGqxBVDTSVVZQCJ87g/viewform this short form]''' as soon as possible. ([[:foundation:Generic_screener_survey_privacy_statement_for_design_research|privacy policy for the survey]]).

Interviews will start on March 14th, 2024. We are pleased to offer a thank you gift to those who complete the interview. More details about the project will be provided in a follow-up email to those who qualify for this study.

Let me know if there are questions or clarifications needed. Hope you will take part to the study! [[Ŋun su:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sannita (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:04, 11 Silimin gɔli March 2024 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2024 Selection&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
: ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: ''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Dear all,

This year, the term of 4 (four) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Elections Committee]] will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Board Governance Committee created a Board Selection Working Group from Trustees who cannot be candidates in the 2024 community- and affiliate-selected trustee selection process composed of Dariusz Jemielniak, Nataliia Tymkiv, Esra'a Al Shafei, Kathy Collins, and Shani Evenstein Sigalov [3]. The group is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2024 trustee selection process, and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. 

Here are the key planned dates:

*  May 2024: Call for candidates and call for questions
*  June 2024: Affiliates vote to shortlist 12 candidates (no shortlisting if 15 or less candidates apply) [5]
*  June-August 2024: Campaign period
*  End of August / beginning of September 2024: Two-week community voting period
*  October–November 2024: Background check of selected candidates
*  Board's Meeting in December 2024: New trustees seated

Learn more about the 2024 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|this Meta-wiki page]], and make your plan.

'''Election Volunteers'''

Another way to be involved with the 2024 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Election Volunteers|Meta-wiki page]].

Best regards,

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Pundit|Dariusz Jemielniak]] (Governance Committee Chair, Board Selection Working Group)

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Results#Elected

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter

[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Minutes:2023-08-15#Governance_Committee

[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles

[5] Even though the ideal number is 12 candidates for 4 open seats, the shortlisting process will be triggered if there are more than 15 candidates because the 1-3 candidates that are removed might feel ostracized and it would be a lot of work for affiliates to carry out the shortlisting process to only eliminate 1-3 candidates from the candidate list.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]]19:56, 12 Silimin gɔli March 2024 (GMT)
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== Dagbani Wikimedians User Group Annual Report 2022-2023 ==

Dear all,

I am happy to share our [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dagbani_Wikimedians_User_Group/Annual_Reports/2022-2023 annual report] for the year 2023. We welcome your comments and feedback. 

Read the full report here: [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dagbani_Wikimedians_User_Group/Annual_Reports/2022-2023 Dagbani Wikimedians user group 2022-2023 Annual Report] [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:10, 13 Silimin gɔli March 2024 (GMT)

== The Vector 2022 skin as the default ==

[[File:Vector_2022_video-en.webm|thumb]]
Hello. I'm writing on behalf of the [[mw:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]]. '''This week, we will make the Vector 2022 skin the default on this wiki.'''

We were working on it between 2019 and 2022. It is already the default on most wikis.

It will become the default for all logged-out users, and also all logged-in users who currently use Vector legacy. Logged-in users can at any time switch to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|any other skins]]. No changes are expected for users of these skins.

&lt;div style=&quot;width:100%; margin:auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;gallery widths=&quot;220&quot; heights=&quot;150&quot; mode=&quot;packed&quot; caption=&quot;Top of an article&quot;&gt;
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2010 top.png|Vector legacy (current default)
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 top.png|Vector 2022
&lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;gallery widths=&quot;220&quot; heights=&quot;150&quot; mode=&quot;packed&quot; caption=&quot;A section of an article&quot;&gt;
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2010 scrolled.png|Vector legacy (current default)
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 scrolled.png|Vector 2022
&lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
; About the skin

'''[Why is a change necessary]''' The current default skin meets the needs of the readers and editors as these were 14-15 years ago. Since then, new users have begun using Wikimedia projects. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2022/08/18/prioritizing-equity-within-wikipedias-new-desktop/ The old Vector doesn't meet their needs.]

'''[Objective]''' The objective for the new skin is to make the interface more welcoming and comfortable for readers and useful for advanced users. It draws inspiration from previous requests, the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey|Community Wishlist Surveys]], and gadgets and scripts. The work helped our code follow the standards and improve all other skins. [[phab:phame/post/view/290/how_and_why_we_moved_our_skins_to_mustache/|We reduced PHP code in Wikimedia deployed skins by 75%]]. The project has also focused on making it easier to support gadgets and use APIs.

'''[Changes and test results]''' The skin introduces a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features|series of changes]] that improve readability and usability. The new skin does not remove any functionality currently available on the Vector skin.

* The sticky header makes it easier to find tools that editors use often. It decreases scrolling to the top of the page by 16%.
* The new table of contents makes it easier to navigate to different sections. Readers and editors jumped to different sections of the page 50% more than with the old table of contents. It also looks a bit different on talk pages.
* The new search bar is easier to find and makes it easier to find the correct search result from the list. This increased the amount of searches started by 30% on the wikis we tested on.
* The skin does not negatively affect pageviews, edit rates, or account creation. There is evidence of increases in pageviews and account creation across partner communities.

'''[Try it out]''' Try out the new skin by going to the appearance tab in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your preferences]] and selecting Vector 2022 from the list of skins.

; How can editors change and customize this skin?

It's possible to configure and personalize our changes. We support volunteers who create new gadgets and user scripts. Check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Repository|our repository]] for a list of currently available customizations, or add your own. 

If you'd like ask our team anything, if you have questions, concerns, or additional thoughts, please ping me here or write on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|talk page of the project]]. We will gladly answer! Also, [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Frequently asked questions|see our FAQ]]. Thank you! [[Ŋun su:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:15, 25 Silimin gɔli March 2024 (GMT)


== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2024-13&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] An update was made on March 18th 2024 to how various projects load site, user JavaScript and CSS in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]]. A [[phab:T360384|checklist]] is provided for site admins to follow.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W13&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:56, 25 Silimin gɔli March 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2024-14&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|reading accessibility]] beta feature will notice that the default line height for the standard and large text options has changed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359030]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has an annual plan. The annual plan decides what the Wikimedia Foundation will work on. You can now read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product &amp; Technology OKRs#Draft Key Results|the draft key results]] for the Product and Technology department. They are suggestions for what results the Foundation wants from big technical changes from July 2024 to June 2025. You can [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|comment on the talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W14&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;


== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2024-23&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* It is now possible for local administrators to add new links to the bottom of the site Tools menu without JavaScript. [[mw:Manual:Interface/Sidebar#Add or remove toolbox sections|Documentation is available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6086]
* The message name for the definition of the tracking category of WikiHiero has changed from &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Wikhiero-usage-tracking-category&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot; to &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Wikihiero-usage-tracking-category&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/wikihiero/+/1035855]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q5317225|Kadazandusun]] ([[w:dtp:|&lt;code&gt;w:dtp:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365220]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* Next week, on wikis with the Vector 2022 skin as the default, logged-out desktop users will be able to choose between different font sizes. The default font size will also be increased for them. This is to make Wikimedia projects easier to read. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-06 deployments|Learn more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W23&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:35, 3 Silimin gɔli June 2024 (GMT)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26844397 --&gt; [[Ŋun su:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Alhassan Mohammed Awal]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 06:43, 6 Silimin gɔli June 2024 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now to select members of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through May 9, 2024. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility.

The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 20:20, 25 Silimin gɔli April 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Sign up for the language community meeting on May 31st, 16:00 UTC&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;Hello all,

The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks - May 31st at 16:00 UTC. If you're interested, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Language_engineering/Community_meetings#31_May_2024 sign up on this wiki page].

This is a participant-driven meeting, where we share language-specific updates related to various projects, collectively discuss technical issues related to language wikis, and work together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, the topics included the machine translation service (MinT) and the languages and models it currently supports, localization efforts from the Kiwix team, and technical challenges with numerical sorting in files used on Bengali Wikisource.

Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates related to your project? Any problems that you would like to bring for discussion during the meeting? Do you need interpretation support from English to another language? Please reach out to me at ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org and [[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-may-2024|add agenda items to the document here]].

We look forward to your participation!
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:22, 14 Silimin gɔli May 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Feedback invited on Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

[[File:Sibling Project Lifecycle Conversation 3.png|150px|right|link=:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]

Dear community members,

The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] (CAC) of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] invites you to give feedback on a '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle|draft Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]'''. This draft Procedure outlines proposed steps and requirements for opening and closing Wikimedia Sibling Projects, and aims to ensure any newly approved projects are set up for success. This is separate from the procedures for opening or closing language versions of projects, which is handled by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language Committee]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Closing_projects_policy|closing projects policy]]. 

You can find the details on [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle#Review|this page]], as well as the ways to give your feedback from today until the end of the day on '''June 23, 2024''', anywhere on Earth. 

You can also share information about this with the interested project communities you work with or support, and you can also help us translate the procedure into more languages, so people can join the discussions in their own language.

On behalf of the CAC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 02:25, 22 Silimin gɔli May 2024 (GMT)
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== Translation of WikiLearn Courses into Dagbani ==

Gaafara m mabihi,

N suhiri noli ni n-zaŋ Wikemdia bohimbu sodoli shɛli din-bieni n-yuui a maa ka ti nima na bi tooi maliŋa n-niŋdi anfaani. Dina n-ŋyɛ bɛni boli shɛli ni [https://learn.wiki/courses WikiLern]. Lana baŋsim bohimbu yaɣili ŋɔ nyɛla din be silimiinsili ni n-ti pahi andunia yili bali kara shɛŋa ti ni kuli mi maa zuɣu. N-di malila nia ni ti gba kpaŋ ti maŋa n liebigili ti Dagbanli ni ka di sɔŋ ti n-tabili ti mabihi ka ti tooi bohim Wikipedia tuma vienyɛla din yɛn che ka ti gba timdi nuu zaŋchaŋ baŋsim nambu ni yoli niŋbu n-zaŋti so kam.
N tiehiya ni ti zaa saɣiti ni netiweki n-ti pahi deeta shaara la nyɛla din tooi mɔŋditi bohimbu din-nyɛ pohim zuɣu dini la kamani (Zoom bee Meet) ni di taba la. Ti Dagbani Wikimedians User Group gba nyɛla ban tooi laɣinditi saha sheŋa n-lɛriti baŋsim bɛ wofiisi la ni to amaa ti zaa mi ni ka zaa ka bɛni tooi m-boli domini yiko kalinsi zuɣu. Lala yɛli muɣisira ŋɔ zaa nyɛla din yɛn baligi di yi niŋ ka ti tooi kaari lala baŋsim dundɔŋ ŋɔ maa. Baŋsim kara nyɛla din shabi dinni ka a ni tooi bohimli saha shɛli kam a ni bɔra. A ni tooi pili bohimbu kam m-bahi ka ti labina n-ti naaili diyi niŋ ka netiweeki bee deeta naabu ti chirisi a bohimbu.
N-tiehirimi ni di bohimbu niema ŋɔ yi be ti balli ŋɔ zuɣu, di ni kpaŋsi ka kpehi Dagbani Wikimiidia shɛba ban zaɣa ka bohimbu niema din nyɛ silimiinsili la korisi ka bɛ niŋ zaɣa ni di bohimbu domini di ni nyɛ bɛ balli la zuɣu. Di ni nyɛ ti ballila zuɣu, di ni tooi lahi che ka di gbaaibu niŋ soochi n-ti ti. Shehira gbana nyɛla din biɛni n-ti ŋun tooi naai bohimbu yaɣili kam. Lala ŋɔ zuɣu, n-di tiehirimi ni ti pii kuɣili m-bahi bɔŋni ka wum di kumsi. Dina n-nyɛ n-tiehirimi ni ti liebigi baŋsim bohimbu maa yaɣishɛli din jendi &quot;'''&quot;Dihitabili molo din ka barina Baŋsim liebu'''&quot; (Trust &amp; Safety Disinformation Training). Di nyɛla din dii ka bachi kpɛma ka ti ni tooi zaŋli m-pili. Di yi niŋ ka salo taɣideeli ka niŋdi bohimbu vienyɛla di zuɣu, di ni liebi daliri ka ti labina n-ti kpaŋ timaŋa ka bohimbu yaɣa din pahi n-yɛ silimiinsili la zaa liebigi Dagbanli ni. Wula ka yi nyɛli m mabihi?


Dear community members,

There is a platform called WikiLearn where there are several interesting Wikimedia courses that can broaden ones understanding of the Wikimedia Movement issues and projects in order to actively and effectively contribute to the Foundation's mission of free knowledge creation and sharing. The courses currently exist in English and other world major languages. I am taking the initiative to get the courses translated into Dagbani also. The courses are self-pace and you can take them anytime. You can pause and resume a course wnen you need to until it is completed. There are digital certificates to be awarded upon successful completion of the courses. This in my view will address the challenge of network and high cost of internet data during the limited online trainings via Zoom or Meet e.t.c because there won't be any fear of missing a particular meeting because one has no internet data to join at the scheduled time or one is located at place where the network is unstable or similar reasons. You can pause and resume later when you face internet data or network challeges. It is also an opportunity for more people to learn about things that they may not get the opportunity to learn during the periodic in-person trainings that are  limited to selected people due to budgetary constraints by the User Group. The availability of the causes in Dagbani will aid a deeper understanding of the concepts as well as ensure diversity and more visibilty of the Dagbani Language on the internet space. I am thinking of us starting with a course in the catalog titled &quot;'''Trust &amp; Safety Disinformation Training&quot;.''' It is a non-technical course that can be good to start with. When the course is well understood by learners, they can better be informed about all it takes to be an effective Wikimedian. You take look at the [https://learn.wiki/courses courses in the catalog] and suggest any other you think is good to start with, otherwise, we will go with the one above. What is your take on this project? [[Ŋun su:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Alhassan Mohammed Awal]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 20:30, 31 Silimin gɔli May 2024 (GMT)

:N daa nyɛla ŋun yu ni n timdi nuu Wikimedia tuma ni to amaa baŋsim pooli nyɛla din gbaɣisi ni zaŋ chaŋ di polo. Bohimbu n ŋɔ yi beni di bahibahimdi di yi ti nyɛ ti balli ni, din ŋuna mani nia paliya. N-saɣiti lala haŋkali ŋɔ zuŋɔ ni biɛɣuni &lt;nowiki&gt;{{SS}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; [[Ŋun su:ALHASSAN MOHAMED NURIDEEN|ALHASSAN MOHAMED NURIDEEN]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:ALHASSAN MOHAMED NURIDEEN|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 07:52, 1 Silimin gɔli June 2024 (GMT)
::N nyela ŋun saɣiti hankali ŋɔ. Di nyɛla din ni sɔŋ ti bohimbu Wikipiidia  maa zuɣu. ŋun saɣiti hankali ŋɔ. Di nyɛla din ni sɔŋ ti bohimbu Wikipiidia  maa zuɣu. [[Ŋun su:Alooissah|Alooissah]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alooissah|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 08:14, 1 Silimin gɔli June 2024 (GMT)
:::Yɛlimaŋli, man na bi go n-yi lala baŋsim bɔhimbu yaɣili ŋɔ maa zuɣu. Di niŋma nyaɣisim ni a ni buɣisi ni ti pili shɛli maa. Ti yi di nasara di puuni, tin kpaŋmi ti maŋa n-lɛbigi yaɣ' dina maa zaa Dagbanli ni [[Ŋun su:AFAIBRAHIM|AFAIBRAHIM]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:AFAIBRAHIM|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 13:45, 1 Silimin gɔli June 2024 (GMT)
::::This is a laudable idea and I will support to the best of my ability the accomplishment of this project. I hope it will be replicated in the other sister communities so we can all benefit from it.  I have been in the movement for over 4 years now but I haven't been aware of such a learning platform. Having it in our local dialects is a perfect idea to increase our interest in taking the courses and the course suggested seems to be the foundation to becoming a successful Wikimedian and I support it.[[Ŋun su:Hasslaebetch|Hasslaebetch]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Hasslaebetch|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 14:16, 1 Silimin gɔli June 2024 (GMT)
::This is a great idea which will help a lot in learning more about Wikipedia and its sister projects. This, I think should be replicated in all the other languages that we are working on as indicated by Hasslaebetch. Again, It can be taken as one of our various communities projects where all the language communities will embark on it as a project and at the end have it translated to their various languages. In this regard, I think that it would be prudent to have  it executed by the language communities instead of implementing it as an individual. The idea will be tabled for discussion in our next team meeting when we meet to have discussions on projects for the language communities. [[Ŋun su:Din-nani1|Din-nani1]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Din-nani1|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 21:02, 11 Silimin gɔli June 2024 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the first Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello,

The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote results. We are following up with the results of the first [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) election]]. 

We are pleased to announce the following individuals as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a two-year term:

* North America (USA and Canada)
** –
* Northern and Western Europe
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ghilt|Ghilt]]
* Latin America and Caribbean
** –
* Central and East Europe (CEE)
** —
* Sub-Saharan Africa
** –
* Middle East and North Africa
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ibrahim.ID|Ibrahim.ID]]
* East, South East Asia and Pacific (ESEAP)
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:0xDeadbeef|0xDeadbeef]]
* South Asia
** –

The following individuals are elected to be community-at-large members of the U4C, fulfilling a one-year term:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Superpes15|Superpes15]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Civvì|Civvì]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Luke081515|Luke081515]]
* –
* –
* –
* –

Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community.

Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. Follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-wiki]].

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 08:14, 3 Silimin gɔli June 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;The final text of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now on Meta&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hi everyone,

The final text of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] is now up on Meta in more than 20 languages for your reading.

'''What is the Wikimedia Movement Charter?'''

The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a proposed document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance.

'''Join the Wikimedia Movement Charter “Launch Party”'''

Join the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Movement Charter Launch Party|“Launch Party”]] on '''June 20, 2024''' at '''14.00-15.00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1718892000 your local time]). During this call, we will celebrate the release of the final Charter and present the content of the Charter. Join and learn about the Charter before casting your vote.

'''Movement Charter ratification vote'''

Voting will commence on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC.''' You can read more about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voting process, eligibility criteria, and other details]] on Meta.

If you have any questions, please leave a comment on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter|Meta talk page]] or email the MCDC at [mailto:mcdc@wikimedia.org mcdc@wikimedia.org].

On behalf of the MCDC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 08:44, 11 Silimin gɔli June 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now open – cast your vote&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,

The voting to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|'''Wikimedia Movement Charter''']] is now open. The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance.

The final version of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|available on Meta in different languages]] and attached [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Movement_Charter_(June_2024).pdf here in PDF format] for your reading.

Voting commenced on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC'''. Please read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voter information and eligibility details]].

After reading the Charter, please [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|'''vote here''']] and share this note further.

If you have any questions about the ratification vote, please contact the Charter Electoral Commission at [mailto:cec@wikimedia.org '''cec@wikimedia.org'''].

On behalf of the CEC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 10:51, 25 Silimin gɔli June 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is ending soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,

This is a kind reminder that the voting period to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] will be closed on '''July 9, 2024''', at '''23:59 UTC'''.

If you have not voted yet, please vote [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|on SecurePoll]]. 

On behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral_Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]],&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 03:45, 8 Silimin gɔli July 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;U4C Special Election - Call for Candidates&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

A special election has been called to fill additional vacancies on the U4C. The call for candidates phase is open from now through July 19, 2024.

The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the [[:foundation:Wikimedia Foundation Universal Code of Conduct|UCoC]]. Community members are invited to submit their applications in the special election for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please review the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|U4C Charter]].

In this special election, according to [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#2. Elections and Terms|chapter 2 of the U4C charter]], there are 9 seats available on the U4C: '''four''' community-at-large seats and '''five''' regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement. [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#5. Glossary|No more than two members of the U4C can be elected from the same home wiki]]. Therefore, candidates must not have English Wikipedia, German Wikipedia, or Italian Wikipedia as their home wiki.

Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Meta-wiki]].

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:02, 10 Silimin gɔli July 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Movement Charter ratification voting results&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,

After carefully tallying both individual and affiliate votes, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]] is pleased to announce the final results of the Wikimedia Movement Charter voting.  

As [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter#Thank you for your participation in the Movement Charter ratification vote!|communicated]] by the Charter Electoral Commission, we reached the quorum for both Affiliate and individual votes by the time the vote closed on '''July 9, 23:59 UTC'''. We thank all 2,451 individuals and 129 Affiliate representatives who voted in the ratification process. Your votes and comments are invaluable for the future steps in Movement Strategy.

The final results of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] ratification voting held between 25 June and 9 July 2024 are as follows: 

'''Individual vote:'''

Out of 2,451 individuals who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 2,446 have been accepted as valid votes. Among these, '''1,710''' voted “yes”; '''623''' voted “no”; and '''113''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 73.30% voted to approve the Charter (1710/2333), while 26.70% voted to reject the Charter (623/2333).

'''Affiliates vote:'''

Out of 129 Affiliates designated voters who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 129 votes are confirmed as valid votes. Among these, '''93''' voted “yes”; '''18''' voted “no”; and '''18''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 83.78% voted to approve the Charter (93/111), while 16.22% voted to reject the Charter (18/111).

'''Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation:'''

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees voted '''not to ratify''' the proposed Charter during their special Board meeting on July 8, 2024. The Chair of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees, Nataliia Tymkiv, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Board_resolution_and_vote_on_the_proposed_Movement_Charter|shared the result of the vote, the resolution, meeting minutes and proposed next steps]].  

With this, the Wikimedia Movement Charter in its current revision is '''not ratified'''.

We thank you for your participation in this important moment in our movement’s governance.

The Charter Electoral Commission,

[[m:User:Abhinav619|Abhinav619]], [[m:User:Borschts|Borschts]], [[m:User:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]], [[m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], [[m:User:Der-Wir-Ing|Der-Wir-Ing]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:52, 18 Silimin gɔli July 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now to fill vacancies of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through '''August 10, 2024'''. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility.

The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 02:46, 27 Silimin gɔli July 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Reminder! Vote closing soon to fill vacancies of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

The voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is closing soon. It is open through 10 August 2024. Read the information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024_Special_Election#Voting|the voting page on Meta-wiki to learn more about voting and voter eligibility]]. If you are eligible to vote and have not voted in this special election, it is important that you vote now.

'''Why should you vote?''' The U4C is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community input into the committee membership is critical to the success of the UCoC.

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 15:29, 6 Silimin gɔli August 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Coming soon: A new sub-referencing feature – try it!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Sub-referencing&quot;/&gt;
[[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|{{#ifeq:{{#dir}}|ltr|right|left}}|400px]]
Hello. For many years, community members have requested an easy way to re-use references with different details. Now, a MediaWiki solution is coming: The new sub-referencing feature will work for wikitext and Visual Editor and will enhance the existing reference system. You can continue to use different ways of referencing, but you will probably encounter sub-references in articles written by other users. More information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|the project page]].

'''We want your feedback''' to make sure this feature works well for you:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|Please try]] the current state of development on beta wiki and [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|let us know what you think]]. 
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Sign-up|Sign up here]] to get updates and/or invites to participate in user research activities.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes]] team is planning to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We will reach out to creators/maintainers of tools and templates related to references beforehand.

Please help us spread the message. --[[m:User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 10:36, 19 August 2024 (UTC)
&lt;section end=&quot;Sub-referencing&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Sign up for the language community meeting on August 30th, 15:00 UTC ==

Hi all,

The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks—on August 30th at 15:00 UTC. If you're interested in joining, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#30_August_2024 sign up on this wiki page].

This participant-driven meeting will focus on sharing language-specific updates related to various projects, discussing technical issues related to language wikis, and working together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, topics included the Language Converter, the state of language research, updates on the Incubator conversations, and technical challenges around external links not working with special characters on Bengali sites.

Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates or discuss challenges? Please add agenda items to the document [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/language-community-meeting-aug-2024 here] and reach out to ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org. We look forward to your participation!

[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 23:19, 22 Silimin gɔli August 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/board-elections@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/OKCCN2CANIH2K7DXJOL2GPVDFWL27R7C/ Original message at wikimedia-l]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Elections Committee|Elections Committee]] have certified the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Results|results]] for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) special election]].

I am pleased to announce the following individual as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a term until 15 June 2026:

* North America (USA and Canada)
** Ajraddatz

The following seats were not filled during this special election:

* Latin America and Caribbean
* Central and East Europe (CEE)
* Sub-Saharan Africa
* South Asia
* The four remaining Community-At-Large seats

Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community.

Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. You can follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-Wiki]].

On behalf of the U4C and the Elections Committee,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 14:05, 2 Silimin gɔli September 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Have your say: Vote for the 2024 Board of Trustees!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Hello all,

The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. There are twelve (12) candidates running for four (4) seats on the Board.

Learn more about the candidates by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Candidates|reading their statements]] and their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Questions_for_candidates|answers to community questions]].

When you are ready, go to the [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/400|SecurePoll]] voting page to vote. '''The vote is open from September 3rd at 00:00 UTC to September 17th at 23:59 UTC'''.

To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Best regards,

The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 12:14, 3 Silimin gɔli September 2024 (GMT)
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== MOS namespace transition ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello -- as part of [[phab:T363538]] and as announced in [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Tech News this week]], the &lt;code&gt;MOS&lt;/code&gt; namespace was added to dagwiki this morning.  The output of the title migration script can be found at [[phab:T363538#10134137]].  The follow pages were moved:

* &lt;code&gt;MOS:&lt;/code&gt; was moved to [[MOS:T363538/]]

(You can find these with https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=T363538&amp;namespace=126 and https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=Broken%2F&amp;namespace=0 )

Please review these pages and fix any broken links.
&lt;/div&gt;[[Ŋun su:CAnanian (WMF)|CAnanian (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:CAnanian (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:08, 10 Silimin gɔli September 2024 (GMT)

== 'Wikidata item' link is moving. Find out where... ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Apologies for cross-posting in English. Please consider translating this message.&lt;/i&gt;{{tracked|T66315}}

Hello everyone, a small change will soon be coming to the user-interface of your Wikimedia project.
The [[d:Q16222597|Wikidata item]] [[w:|sitelink]] currently found under the &lt;span style=&quot;color: #54595d;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''General''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt; section of the '''Tools''' sidebar menu will move into the &lt;span style=&quot;color: #54595d;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''In Other Projects''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt; section.

We would like the Wiki communities feedback so please let us know or ask questions on the   [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Discussion page]] before we enable the change which can take place October 4 2024, circa 15:00 UTC+2.
More information can be found on [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|the project page]].&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We welcome your feedback and questions.&lt;br&gt; [[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 18:57, 27 Silimin gɔli September 2024 (GMT)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Deployment of Dark mode in Dagbani Wikipedia ==

Hello Dagbani Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not written in your native language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

We are happy to announce that the [[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]] have deployed [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|dark mode]] here on Dagbani Wikipedia! This was possible because pages on your wiki have passed our checks for accessibility and other quality checks. Congratulations!

This was only possible due to the diligent work of editors and other technical contributors in your community who have made sure that templates, gadgets, and other parts of pages can be accessible in dark mode. Thank you all for making dark mode available for everybody!

For context, we would like to add that the Web team's work on dark mode has concluded. If on some wikis, the option is not yet available for logged-out users, this is likely because many pages do not yet display well in dark mode. As communities make progress on this work, we enable this feature on additional wikis once per month.

If you notice any issues after enabling dark mode, please create this page: &lt;code&gt;Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Reporting/dag.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt; in MediaWiki ([[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading/Reporting|like these pages]]), and report the issue in the created page.

Thank you!

On behalf of the [[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]]. [[Ŋun su:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:UOzurumba (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 00:21, 9 Silimin gɔli October 2024 (GMT)

:Noted with thanks! [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 18:37, 7 Silimin gɔli January 2025 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Preliminary results of the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Hello all,

Thank you to everyone who participated in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]. Close to 6000 community members from more than 180 wiki projects have voted.

The following four candidates were the most voted:

# [[User:Kritzolina|Christel Steigenberger]]
# [[User:Nadzik|Maciej Artur Nadzikiewicz]]
# [[User:Victoria|Victoria Doronina]]
# [[User:Laurentius|Lorenzo Losa]]

While these candidates have been ranked through the vote, they still need to be appointed to the Board of Trustees. They need to pass a successful background check and meet the qualifications outlined in the Bylaws. New trustees will be appointed at the next Board meeting in December 2024.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Results|Learn more about the results on Meta-Wiki.]]

Best regards,

The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group

&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]] 08:25, 14 Silimin gɔli October 2024 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. 

Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]]

Applications for the committees open on 16 October 2024. Applications for the Affiliations Committee close on 18 November 2024, and applications for the Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on 2 December 2024. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation/Legal/Committee_appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email [mailto:cst@wikimedia.org cst@wikimedia.org] with any questions you may have.

For the Committee Support team,
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:07, 16 Silimin gɔli October 2024 (GMT)
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== 'Wikidata item' link is moving, finally. ==

Hello everyone, I previously wrote on the 27th September to advise that the ''Wikidata item'' sitelink will change places in the sidebar menu, moving from the '''General''' section into the '''In Other Projects''' section. The scheduled rollout date of 04.10.2024 was delayed due to a necessary request for Mobile/MinervaNeue skin. I am happy to inform that the global rollout can now proceed and will occur later today, 22.10.2024 at 15:00 UTC-2. [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Please let us know]] if you notice any problems or bugs after this change. There should be no need for null-edits or purging cache for the changes to occur. Kind regards, -[[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] 11:29, 22 Silimin gɔli October 2024 (GMT)
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== Proposal to enable the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in Dagbani Wikipedia  ==

{{Int:Hello}} Dagbani Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called &quot;Contribute&quot; to your Wikipedia.

The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.

Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Dagbani Wikipedia.

'''Who can access it'''

Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the &quot;Contribute&quot; icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to &quot;view contributions&quot; is also available to access the list of your contributions.

[[Lahabali_kɔligu:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]]                             [[Lahabali_kɔligu:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]

For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the &quot;Contributions&quot; option unless they change it to the &quot;Contribute&quot; manually.

This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the &quot;Contributions&quot; entry point as default.          

We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 9th November 2024.

We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in your Wikipedia.

We look forward to your response soon.

Thank you!

On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[Ŋun su:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:UOzurumba (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 03:09, 23 Silimin gɔli October 2024 (GMT)

== Sign up for the language community meeting on November 29th, 16:00 UTC ==

Hello everyone,

The next language community meeting is coming up next week, on November 29th, at 16:00 UTC (Zonestamp! For your timezone &lt;https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000&gt;). If you're interested in joining, you can sign up on this wiki page: &lt;https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#29_November_2024&gt;.

This participant-driven meeting will be organized by the Wikimedia Foundation’s Language Product Localization team and the Language Diversity Hub. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Moore Wikipedia, and the language support track at Wiki Indaba. We will also have members from the Wayuunaiki community joining us to share their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community within our movement. This meeting will have a Spanish interpretation.

Looking forward to seeing you at the language community meeting! Cheers, [[User:SSethi (WMF)|Srishti]] 19:54, 21 Silimin gɔli November 2024 (GMT)
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== Grant notification ==

Dear Wiki Loves Folklore &amp; Feminism and Folklore Organizers,
We hope this message finds you well. We are excited to inform you that the application window for Wikimedia Foundation's Cycle 3 of our grants is now open. Please ensure to submit your applications by December 1st.

For a comprehensive guide on how to apply, please refer to the Wiki Loves Folklore Grant Toolkit: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Folklore_Grant_Toolkit

Additionally, you can find detailed information on the Rapid Grant timeline here: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid#Timeline [[Ŋun su:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Zakaria Tunsung|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 22:42, 25 Silimin gɔli November 2024 (GMT)

== Roll out of Parsoid Read Views on Dagbani Wikipedia soon ==

{{Int:Please-translate}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello everyone, I am glad to inform you that as part of our continued rollout of Parsoid Read Views, Parsoid will soon be turned as the default read views renderer on Dagbani Wikipedia. [[mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework/Reports|Here's the rationale]] behind our confidence to roll-out this experimental feature and collect feedback.

Turning on Parsoid Read Views for Dagbani Wikipedia is in preparation for the first [[wikifunctions:Wikifunctions:Status_updates/2024-09-13|Wikifunctions integration]] in 2025.
This is also an opportunity for continued experimentation as we increase the number of wikis using Parsoid for read views.

If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry you can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the page you’re navigating in the Tools submenu, as described at the [[mw:Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] page.

To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]].

There is [[mw:Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Confidence_Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available.

Best regards, [[User:CAnanian (WMF)|C. Scott Ananian]], for the Content Transform Team
&lt;/div&gt; [[Ŋun su:CAnanian (WMF)|CAnanian (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:CAnanian (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 06:08, 27 Silimin gɔli November 2024 (GMT)

:Thank you for the information @[[Ŋun su:CAnanian (WMF)|CAnanian (WMF)]]. We will do as requested and let you know if you encounter any challenges. Cheers! [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 18:11, 7 Silimin gɔli January 2025 (GMT)

== Universal Code of Conduct annual review: provide your comments on the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.

I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 01:11, 24 Silimin gɔli January 2025 (GMT)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Admin Request ==


== Admin Request ==
M mabihi,

N zaŋ di puhiri suŋ din bi yoli m mali tiri so kam ti dundɔŋ gɔɣu ŋɔ ni. N suhiri la soli ni n lɛbi Adimisstireta n ti Dagbanli Wikipedia din yɛn chɛ ka n tooi sɔŋsi ni tɛmplɛti suma ʒin kpɛna ni ti Wikipedia maa yaɣa-yaɣa kalibu. Din niŋ ma suhupiɛlli pam ni yi dihi nuu ka be tima sɔli.

Ti paɣiya!

* [[Ŋun su:Achiri Bitamsimli|Achiri Bitamsimli]]
*; Support votes
# [[Ŋun su:Alhaj Darajaati|Alhaj Darajaati]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhaj Darajaati|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 08:57, 27 Silimin gɔli March 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:35, 5 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:40, 5 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)

[[Ŋun su:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 20:28, 6 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Ibn Dagara|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 09:31, 7 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
*; Neutral votes  ----
*; Oppose votes
* {{u|Dnshitobu}}

; Support votes
# [[Ŋun su:Alhaj Darajaati|Alhaj Darajaati]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhaj Darajaati|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 08:57, 27 Silimin gɔli March 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:35, 5 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:43, 5 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Ibn Dagara|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 09:31, 7 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
; Neutral votes

----

; Oppose votes


[[Ŋun su:Din-nani1|Din-nani1]]

; Support votes
# [[Ŋun su:Alhaj Darajaati|Alhaj Darajaati]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhaj Darajaati|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 08:57, 27 Silimin gɔli March 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:35, 5 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:43, 5 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
[[Ŋun su:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 20:28, 6 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Ibn Dagara|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 09:31, 7 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
; Neutral votes

----

; Oppose votes


[[Ŋun su:Ruky Wunpini|Ruky Wunpini]]
; Support votes
# [[Ŋun su:Alhaj Darajaati|Alhaj Darajaati]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhaj Darajaati|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 08:57, 27 Silimin gɔli March 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:35, 5 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:43, 5 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
[[Ŋun su:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 20:28, 6 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
# [[Ŋun su:Ibn Dagara|Ibn Dagara]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Ibn Dagara|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 09:31, 7 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
; Neutral votes

----

; Oppose votes

[[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 00:33, 26 Silimin gɔli January 2025 (GMT)

== Feminism and Folklore 2025 starts soon ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear Wiki Community,

You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2025, to March 31, 2025 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
 
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles.
 
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta project page]].

This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools''']

Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
 
We look forward to your immense coordination.
 
Thank you and Best wishes,

'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025 International Team]]'''

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 02:35, 29 Silimin gɔli January 2025 (GMT)

== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore 2025]]''' an international media contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2025 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''
--[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 02:35, 29 Silimin gɔli January 2025 (GMT)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Reminder: first part of the annual UCoC review closes soon ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.

This is a reminder that the first phase of the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines will be closing soon. You can make suggestions for changes through [[d:Q614092|the end of day]], 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. After review of the feedback, proposals for updated text will be published on Meta in March for another round of community review. 

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:48, 3 Silimin gɔli February 2025 (GMT)
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== Dagbani natural language functions in Wikifunctions ==

So far there are not many natural language functions listed in the subpage of the function catalogue about Dagbani in [[wikifunctions:Wikifunctions:Catalogue/Natural_language_operations/Dagbani|Wikifunctions]]. Can you please check this page and try to create more functions. If you have questions I can try to help you. [[Ŋun su:Hogü-456|Hogü-456]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Hogü-456|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 19:48, 21 Silimin gɔli February 2025 (GMT)

:Hi @[[Ŋun su:Hogü-456|Hogü-456]], thanks for this. I will pass this on to the Dagbani Wikifunctions working group. Cheers! [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 11:52, 9 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
::Who is member of the Dagbani Wikifunctions working group and when do the meetings of this group happen. I am interested in attending at such a meetup if it happens virtually. [[Ŋun su:Hogü-456|Hogü-456]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Hogü-456|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 20:43, 9 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
:::It’s hosted by Wikifunctions team led by Luca and Sharavani with me and 3 other 4 other participants from the Dagbani community. I will remind once we schedule our next meeting. Also, might you be available to help the team create more functions? The language diversity hub can schedule a consultation call for you and the working group. Cheers! [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 11:21, 10 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; Upcoming Language Community Meeting (Feb 28th, 14:00 UTC) and Newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
Hello everyone!
[[File:WP20Symbols WIKI INCUBATOR.svg|right|frameless|150x150px|alt=An image symbolising multiple languages]]
We’re excited to announce that the next '''Language Community Meeting''' is happening soon, '''February 28th at 14:00 UTC'''! If you’d like to join, simply sign up on the '''[[mw:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#28_February_2025|wiki page]]'''.

This is a participant-driven meeting where we share updates on language-related projects, discuss technical challenges in language wikis, and collaborate on solutions. In our last meeting, we covered topics like developing language keyboards, creating the Moore Wikipedia, and updates from the language support track at Wiki Indaba.

'''Got a topic to share?''' Whether it’s a technical update from your project, a challenge you need help with, or a request for interpretation support, we’d love to hear from you! Feel free to '''reply to this message''' or add agenda items to the document '''[[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-feb-2025|here]]'''.

Also, we wanted to highlight that the sixth edition of the Language &amp; Internationalization newsletter (January 2025) is available here: [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January]]. This newsletter provides updates from the October–December 2024 quarter on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects and support efforts, details about community meetings, and ideas for contributing to projects. To stay updated, you can subscribe to the newsletter on its wiki page: [[:mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter]].

We look forward to your ideas and participation at the language community meeting, see you there!
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 08:29, 22 Silimin gɔli February 2025 (GMT)
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== Universal Code of Conduct annual review: proposed changes are available for comment ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.

I am writing to you to let you know that [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|proposed changes]] to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter]] are open for review. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|You can provide feedback on suggested changes]]''' through the [[d:Q614092|end of day]] on Tuesday, 18 March 2025. This is the second step in the annual review process, the final step will be community voting on the proposed changes.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find relevant links about the process on the UCoC annual review page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] 18:51, 7 Silimin gɔli March 2025 (GMT)

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== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:hello}} Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=es Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.

With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[file:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the &quot;For you&quot; and &quot;...More&quot; buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups (&quot;Create new pages&quot; and &quot;Expand with new sections&quot;)-one for each activity.]]
[[File:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|this improvement]] on your wiki '''on Monday, March 17th, 2025''' and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.
Please reach out with any questions concerning the dashboard in this thread. 

Thank you!

On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:55, 13 Silimin gɔli March 2025 (GMT)
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== Final proposed modifications to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter now posted ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The proposed modifications to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] and the U4C Charter [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Proposed_Changes|are now on Meta-wiki for community notice]] in advance of the voting period. This final draft was developed from the previous two rounds of community review. Community members will be able to vote on these modifications starting on 17 April 2025. The vote will close on 1 May 2025, and results will be announced no later than 12 May 2025. The U4C election period, starting with a call for candidates, will open immediately following the announcement of the review results. More information will be posted on [[m:Special:MyLanguage//Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election|the wiki page for the election]] soon.

Please be advised that this process will require more messages to be sent here over the next two months. 

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 02:04, 4 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
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== Wikifunctions will be deployed on Dagbani Wikipedia on April 15 ==

Hi all, we are happy to announce that Wikifunctions is finally coming to your project! Starting from '''April 15''', you will be able to call functions from your project, and integrate them in your articles.

A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output. In other words, think of adding up two numbers, or converting miles into metres, or calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. This is usually done with templates that are complicated to create or to import. With Wikifunctions, you will be able to do this with just a couple of clicks!

For this first release, we recommend trying out the [[:f:Z20756|Age function]] as it’s gotten more testing. You’re also invited to create functions that you find useful!  

We kindly ask you to try to use a function in an article, and let us know how the process goes. Also, we would like to invite you to contribute to Wikifunctions, by translating the existing functions labels in Dagbani, so that more users can freely reuse them on the project.

Of course, we are happy to help in case there are questions or difficulties, and we are ready to listen to your feedback. Please ping me directly in case of necessity or reach out to me on my talk page. [[Ŋun su:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sannita (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 11:21, 9 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)

:This is great news! [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:46, 10 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
::Hi all, unfortunately I have to announce that we are postponing the deployment of Wikifunctions to your wiki to a later date. We encountered a problem in testing, and we need some additional time to successfully deploy access to functions. I'll keep you posted about the new date. Sorry for the inconvenience! [[Ŋun su:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sannita (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:27, 14 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
:::Hi all, we want to let you know that Wikifunctions is now '''live''' on your project! You can now call functions from your project, and integrate them in your articles. A few things to keep in mind:
:::* This is our very first live deployment, so you should expect bugs. When you encounter them, please report them in this thread or on my talk page.
:::* There are hundreds of functions already made by the Wikifunctions community. For the best experience, we recommend you try out the functions we have tested:
:::** [[:f:Z13473|format number strings with commas]]
:::** [[:f:Z18428|miles to kilometers]]
:::** [[:f:Z22322|population density]]
:::** [[:f:Z11022|natural number as Roman numeral]]
:::** [[:f:Z10018|convert a string to uppercase]]
:::If there is a bug, a malfunction or a problem, please let me know immediately in this thread or on my talk page.
:::In the next few days, I will send you a tutorial with live examples about how to insert a function in an article. If you are interested in how to ''create'' a function, please refer to [[:f:Wikifunctions:Introduction]].
:::As always, I'm here in case you need help! Thank you in advance! [[Ŋun su:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sannita (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 20:22, 15 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
::::Great news. Thank you for letting us know. \o/ [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 21:10, 15 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
:::::Hi all! Thank you for your editing and for trying out our functions. We have got [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfzW42VULKdXd1UkE2xXDuL1R6iXhYA_MHqq1FWbcLltjlULg/viewform?usp=header a feedback survey] ([[:foundation:Legal:Wikifunctions_deployment_on_Dagbani_Wikipedia_feedback_survey_Privacy_Statement|privacy statement]]) for you to compile, to share with us your initial experience with Wikifunctions. Please, do so before '''May 15'''. I'll be available in case of need at any time. Thanks in advance! [[Ŋun su:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sannita (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:47, 5 Silimin gɔli May 2025 (GMT)

== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! 

The most active contesters will receive prizes.

If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.
&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt;

16:11, 16 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
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== Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines (&quot;UCoC EG&quot;) and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
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== Sub-referencing: User testing ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]]
&lt;small&gt;''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''&lt;/small&gt;

Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further:

#'''Try it out and share your feedback'''
#:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. 
#'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs'''
#:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''.

We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well.

Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! &lt;/div&gt; &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:04, 28 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Vote on proposed modifications to the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter closes on 1 May 2025 at 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community in your language, as appropriate, so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C -- &lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:40, 29 Silimin gɔli April 2025 (GMT)&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]].

You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC.

If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, &lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|yɛlmi yaɣilitɔŋsatarili]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:07, 15 Silimin gɔli May 2025 (GMT)
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== RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)''

Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. 

We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation.

You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 15:26, 22 Silimin gɔli May 2025 (GMT)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 Selection &amp; Call for Questions&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

This year, the term of 2 (two) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats.

The Elections Committee will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Governance Committee, composed of trustees who are not candidates in the 2025 community-and-affiliate-selected trustee selection process (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina and Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2025 trustee selection process and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4].

Here are the key planned dates:

* May 22 – June 5: Announcement (this communication) and call for questions period [6]
* June 17 – July 1, 2025: Call for candidates
* July 2025: If needed, affiliates vote to shortlist candidates if more than 10 apply [5]
* August 2025: Campaign period
* August – September 2025: Two-week community voting period
* October – November 2025: Background check of selected candidates
* Board’s Meeting in December 2025: New trustees seated

Learn more about the 2025 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[link]]].

'''Call for Questions'''

In each selection process, the community has the opportunity to submit questions for the Board of Trustees candidates to answer. The Election Committee selects questions from the list developed by the community for the candidates to answer. Candidates must answer all the required questions in the application in order to be eligible; otherwise their application will be disqualified. This year, the Election Committee will select 5 questions for the candidates to answer. The selected questions may be a combination of what’s been submitted from the community, if they’re alike or related. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[link]]]

'''Election Volunteers'''

Another way to be involved with the 2025 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[link].]]

Thank you!

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter

[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024

[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles

[5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ

[6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates

Best regards,

Victoria Doronina

Board Liaison to the Elections Committee

Governance Committee&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 03:07, 28 Silimin gɔli May 2025 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  Upcoming Deployment of the CampaignEvents Extension&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
Hello everyone,  

''(Apologies for posting in English if English is not your first language. Please help translate to your language.)''

The Campaigns Product Team is planning a global deployment of the '''[[:mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]]''' to all Wikipedias, including this wiki, during the '''week of June 23rd'''.

This extension is designed to help organizers plan and manage events, WikiProjects, and other on-wiki collaborations - and to make these efforts more discoverable.

The three main features of this extension are:

* '''[[:m:Event_Center/Registration|Event Registration]]''': A simple way to sign up for events on the wiki.
*  '''[[:m:CampaignEvents/Collaboration_list|Collaboration List]]''': A global list of events and a local list of WikiProjects, accessible at '''[[:m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]]'''.
*  '''[[:m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Invitation_list|Invitation Lists]]''': A tool to help organizers find editors who might want to join, based on their past contributions.

'''Note''': The extension comes with a new user right called '''&quot;Event Organizer&quot;''', which will be managed by administrators on this wiki. Organizer tools like Event Registration and Invitation Lists will only work if someone is granted this right. The Collaboration List is available to everyone immediately after deployment.

The extension is already live on several wikis, including '''Meta, Wikidata, English Wikipedia''', and more ( [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#Current_Deployment_Status_for_CampaignEvents_extension| See the full deployment list]])

If you have any questions, concerns, or feedback, please feel free to share them on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents| extension talkpage]]. We’d love to hear from you before the rollout.

Thank you! &lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[User talk:Udehb-WMF|yɛlmi yaɣilitɔŋsatarili]]) 16:47, 29 Silimin gɔli May 2025 (GMT)&lt;/bdi&gt;
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== Grant notification  ==

Dear WPWP, Wiki Loves Monuments 2025, WikiVibrance International, and Africa Youth Day Organizers, We hope this message finds you well. We are excited to inform you that the application window for Wikimedia Foundation's Cycle 1 of our grants is now open. Please ensure to submit your applications by July 1, 2025.
For a comprehensive guide on how to apply

https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Project/Rapid [[User:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[User talk:Zakaria Tunsung|talk]]) 09:03, 11 June 2025 (UTC) [[Ŋun su:Zakaria Tunsung|Zakaria Tunsung]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Zakaria Tunsung|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 09:06, 11 Silimin gɔli June 2025 (GMT)

== Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}

Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC].

Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:00, 13 Silimin gɔli June 2025 (GMT) &lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;
Hello all,

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position.

This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3]

Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election.

Best regards,

Abhishek Suryawanshi&lt;br /&gt;
Chair of the Elections Committee

On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term.

[3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:43, 17 Silimin gɔli June 2025 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
Dear Wikimedia Community,

The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]]  of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]].

A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity.

Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact.

Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement.

Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate.

Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended.

=== Wikispore ===

The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects.

After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. 

We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future.

As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting.

Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed.

=== Wikinews ===

We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways.

Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf &lt;nowiki&gt;[1]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 &lt;nowiki&gt;[2]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F &lt;nowiki&gt;[3]&lt;/nowiki&gt;] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years.

While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews &lt;nowiki&gt;[4]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F &lt;nowiki&gt;[5]&lt;/nowiki&gt;, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? &lt;nowiki&gt;[6]&lt;/nowiki&gt;].

[[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews.

Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs.

SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives.

'''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to:
*Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects,
*Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace,
*Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects,
*Archive Wikinews projects.
Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels.

=== Feedback and next steps ===

We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language.

I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. 
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:56, 27 Silimin gɔli June 2025 (GMT)
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== Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes ==

''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)''

Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations.

The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''.
The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below:
[[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]]

These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages.

Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change.

Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]].

Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. [[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 12:45, 14 Silimin gɔli July 2025 (GMT)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Temporary accounts will be rolled out soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;body&quot;/&gt;
Hello, we are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]] team. We would like to announce that '''we plan to enable [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] for this wiki in the week of September 1'''.

Temporary accounts are successfully live on 30 wikis, including many large ones like German, Japanese, and French. The change they bring is especially relevant to logged-out editors, who this feature is designed to protect. But it is also relevant to community members like mentors, patrollers, and admins – anyone who reverts edits, blocks users, or otherwise interacts with logged-out editors as part of keeping the wikis safe and accurate. 

'''Why we are building temporary accounts'''

Our wikis should be safer to edit by default for logged-out editors. Temporary accounts allow people to continue editing the wikis without creating an account, while avoiding publicly tying their edits to their IP address. We believe this is in the best interest of our logged-out editors, who make valuable contributions to the wikis and who may later create accounts and grow our community of editors, admins, and other roles. Even though the wikis do warn logged-out editors that their IP address will be associated with their edit, many people may not understand what an IP address is, or that it could be used to connect them to other information about them in ways they might not expect. 

Additionally, our moderation software and tools rely too heavily on network origin (IP addresses) to identify users and patterns of activity, especially as IP addresses themselves are becoming less stable as identifiers. Temporary accounts allow for more precise interactions with logged-out editors, including more precise blocks, and can help limit how often we unintentionally end up blocking good-faith users who use the same IP addresses as bad-faith users.

'''How temporary accounts work'''
[[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb]]
Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;~2025-12345-67&lt;/code&gt; (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after its creation. As long as it exists, all edits made from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it.

'''What does this mean for different groups of users?'''

'''For logged-out editors'''

* This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki.
* If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice.

'''For community members interacting with logged-out editors'''

* A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address).
* Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community.

'''For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki'''

* '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range ([[Special:IPContributions]]). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.)
* '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''':
** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblock]] option.
** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range.
* Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this.

'''Our requests for you, and next steps'''

* If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers#How should I update my code?|how your code might need to be updated]].
* If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in.
* Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options.
* Look at our [[m:Meta:Babel#Temporary_Accounts:_access_to_IP_addresses_and_next_steps|previous message]] about requirements for users without extended rights who may need access to IP addresses.

To learn more about the project, check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|look at the updates]] (we have just posted one) and [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you!&lt;section end=&quot;body&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:user:NKohli (WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]], [[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:35, 26 Silimin gɔli August 2025 (GMT)
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== Introducing Paste Check: a new Edit Check for Wikipedia ==

Hello!

Sorry for using English language. {{int:please-translate}}. {{int:Thank-you}}

Paste Check is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check can prompt them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content.

'''Why Paste Check?'''

Paste Check benefits two audiences:

* Newcomers: Many new editors are unaware of Wikipedia’s policies regarding copyright violations. Some mistakenly believe that pasting from what they consider reliable sources is the way to edit.
* Experienced editors: Paste Check aims to make it easier to identify and patrol edits that may contain pasted content (which can be either legit or copyright violations), helping us save time.

The goal is to reduce the rate of copyright violations by at least 10% among newer editors.

'''How it works'''

By default, Paste Check will be shown to editors who have published 100 or fewer edits locally.

When an editor matching this requirement pastes at least 50 characters of text from somewhere else, Paste Check will ask them to confirm if they wrote the content. Two options are then available:

* Keep the text – the user is then asked to explain why.
* Remove the text – the text is removed.

In both cases, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|edits will be tagged]] so that experienced editors can identify edits in which Paste Check was shown. The tag will be visible even if the final edit didn’t include any pasted text.

Paste Check will trigger when text is pasted a source it doesn’t recognize as another editing environment. It won’t show up if the editor has pasted text that we can technically recognize is coming from another MediaWiki visual editor instance, MS Office, Libre Office, Google Docs, or is plain text.

To start, Paste Check will only work in the visual editor.

'''Get involved'''

The Editing team is seeking input on the proposed user experience and configuration.

We plan to test the following interface with new users ([https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;showMessage=editcheck-dialog-addref-reject-question&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;language=&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate please help translating it]):  

[[File:Paste_Check_interface_for_September_2025's_test.png|575x575px]]

We're planning to refine this interface over time, but want to start by launching a test so that we can determine whether the check is useful. We presented this interface to people who don't participate in Wikipedia, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#Qualitative evaluation|they found it practical and easy to understand]].

As a consequence, we would like to start by showing the feature to a fraction of newcomers for approximately 6 weeks. After this point, we will review the experiment results and decide what to do next.

'''Configuration and test'''

For experienced users, Paste Check will be configurable by the local communities (e.g. edit count thresholds, ignored sections and namespaces). Edits triggering Paste Check will be marked with the tag &lt;code&gt;editcheck-paste-shown&lt;/code&gt; for easier tracking.

You can try the proposed Paste Check interface:

* visit https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Cats&amp;veaction=edit&amp;ecenable=2

* Paste 50 characters or more from an external source, such as a website, to see the prompt.

Your feedback is valuable! Please share your thoughts below, and ping me. {{int:Thank-you}}

[[user:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] 13:47, 18 Silimin gɔli September 2025 (GMT)
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:This test is planned to start on this Wednesday, 8 October. Let me know if you have any question! [[Ŋun su:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Trizek (WMF)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:31, 6 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)

== Admin request  ==

Gaafara m mabihi. N suhiri noli ni n lebi ti' baŋsim dundɔŋ gɔrigu maa zuɣu ni n lee di administrator. N pun nyɛla &quot;Event Organizer&quot; n-ti Wikimiidia kpatuɣili din yuli booni &quot;Event Registration&quot; la ka di mali bukaata ni n-nyɛ administrator din yɛn chɛ ka n-tooi zaŋdi lala wikimiidia kpatupili din sɔŋdi ban laɣimdi niriba m-baŋsiriba wikimiidia tuma la n-tiri ban mali di bu kaata yiko ka bɛ ni tooi tam Dagbani Winkipidia zuɣu n-namdi bɛ tuma yaɣa din jɛndi niriba laɣimbu.

N lahi bɔri ni n nya yiko n tooi maani tohibu din bi tam kanlli zuɣu n zaani dede ka lahi bori saɣisigu n-tiri ban tɔhibu birigiri wikipiidia zalikpana.

'''Support'''


'''Oppose''' 


[[Ŋun su:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Alhassan Mohammed Awal]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alhassan Mohammed Awal|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 07:44, 24 Silimin gɔli September 2025 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Have your say: vote for the 2025 Board of Trustees&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Hello all,

The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|2025 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Candidates are running for two (2) seats on the Board.

To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Learn more about them by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|reading their application statements and watch their candidacy videos]].

When you are ready, go to the [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll voting page to vote]].

'''The vote is open from October 8 at 00:00 UTC to October 22 at 23:59 UTC.'''

Best regards,

Abhishek Suryawanshi&lt;br /&gt;Chair, Elections Committee&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 04:48, 9 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
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== Admin Renewal Request ==
M mabia,

Pirinla bansu fukumsi tali ti Wikipedia dundɔŋ ŋɔ puuni ni mali neebu yuuni kam la zuɣu, ti lahi bɔri yi nuu dihibu zaŋ chaŋ di polo, din yɛn chɛ ka ti kuli maani ti Wikipedia maa lahabaya maa ka di tam kanli zuɣu. Ti bɔri la fukumsi ni ti tooi kparigiri ban IP namba nim kpari ka lahi gili bo kpatuɣa ni ban maani sabbu nim na ti Wikipedia ŋɔ zuɣu. 

A yi bɔri ni a dihi a nuu, nyin zaŋ mi a sabbu shee bia maa na n ti pa &quot;Support Votes&quot; maa gbini ni ka sabi: #~ (dihimi ~ ŋɔ maa bunahi ka zaŋ taɣibu n wuhi salo)

=== Dnshitobu ===

; Support votes

* [[Ŋun su:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|Yɛltɔɣa]])
* [[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:11, 12 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:Musahfm|Musahfm]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Musahfm|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 16:55, 12 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
* [[Diŋ'gahim:Contributions/&amp;#126;2025-28365-33|&amp;#126;2025-28365-33]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:&amp;#126;2025-28365-33|talk]]) 09:28, 13 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)

*[[Ŋun su:Alooissah|Alooissah]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alooissah|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:00, 12 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:Ruky Wunpini|Ruky Wunpini]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Ruky Wunpini|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:09, 12 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:Munkaila Sulemana|Munkaila Sulemana]] ([[ Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa: Munkaila Sulemana| Yɛltɔɣa]]) 18:36, 12 Silimiin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Achiri Bitamsimli|Achiri Bitamsimli]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Achiri Bitamsimli|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:43, 15 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Abdul-Hanan Chambihi|Abdul-Hanan Chambihi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Abdul-Hanan Chambihi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 12:51, 16 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)

;;;'''Oppose'''

=== Din-nani1 ===

; Support votes
*[[Ŋun su:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:SIR SUCCESS (NAA JAHINFO)|Yɛltɔɣa]])
*[[Ŋun su:Ruky Wunpini|Ruky Wunpini]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Ruky Wunpini|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:23, 12 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)

*[[Ŋun su:Alooissah|Alooissah]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Alooissah|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:25, 12 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
*[[Ŋun su:Sir Amugi|Sir Amugi]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Sir Amugi|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 18:46, 12 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
* [[Ŋun su:Achiri Bitamsimli|Achiri Bitamsimli]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Achiri Bitamsimli|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 10:45, 15 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
;;;'''Oppose''' 


[[Ŋun su:Dnshitobu|Dnshitobu]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Dnshitobu|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 09:48, 12 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GM

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;function1&quot;/&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere).

There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;section end=&quot;function1&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:42, 20 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
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:Many thanks for sharing @[[Ŋun su:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] [[Ŋun su:Shahadusadik|Shahadusadik]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Shahadusadik|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 17:28, 20 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. 

Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]]

Applications for the committees open on October 30, 2025. Applications for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on December 11, 2025. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with any questions you may have.

For the Committee Support team,
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:12, 30 Silimin gɔli October 2025 (GMT)
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== Will you help us test an updated Databox? ==

''Apologies for posting in English - you can help by translating it''

Hello everyone,
Recently, we have been developing an update for the [[Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] / [[Template:Databox|Template:Databox]] page with the following changes:

* A Wikidata logo and link to the connected Wikidata Item


* New parameters &lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;excludeProperties=&lt;/code&gt; can be invoked in the source code to give a greater degree of control on what the Databox displays.
** '''&lt;code&gt;useImage=&lt;/code&gt;''' choose a different [[d:Property:P18|image(P18)]] to display in the Databox.&lt;br&gt; Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|useImage=Hubble_Ultra_Deep_Field_part d.jpg}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
** '''&lt;code&gt;excludeParameters=&lt;/code&gt;''' hides selected Properties (and values) in from displaying in the current Databox.&lt;br&gt;Example: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox|excludeProperties=P1290,P66}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
 

* The parameters can be combined, separated by a pipe |:&lt;br&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;Databox|'''useImage='''image_file.jpg|'''excludeProperties='''P123}}&lt;/code&gt;

=== How can you help? ===
Firstly, as the [[Module:Databox|Module:Databox]] page is protected, we need an Admin to contact us so we can add the new code changes to the Module Lua code.

Then, we would request your help by playing with the new features, adding Databoxes to articles and using the new parameters (if it is good for the article). Mostly we just wanyt to collect feedbakc on whether this is a positive change, is useful, interrupts your editing workflowand / or causes any issues or bugs.

Only the first change (Wikidata Logo+Link) will automatically apply to existing Databoxes (may take upto 30 days from this post) or after any edit to a page with a Databox (including null-edits).

The two Parameters will only show if the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Databox}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; wikitext is edited with the new parameter code.&lt;br&gt;[[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox#Changes_to_Databox|Find instructions to do that here]].&lt;br&gt;
Any questions, please feel free to reply here or add them to the [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]].&lt;br&gt;
Thank you, - [[Ŋun su:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 18:32, 4 Silimin gɔli November 2025 (GMT) on behalf of the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] Team

:The Databox changes have been added and the improved Databox is now operational on this Wiki. Any questions on how to use the new Parameters, what's new or have feedback, please get in touch by replying here or leaving a message on this [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Databox|Talk page]]. Thanks, -[[Ŋun su:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 15:26, 12 Silimin gɔli November 2025 (GMT)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;function2&quot;/&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki&lt;/span&gt;. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;section end=&quot;function2&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Silimin gɔli November 2025 (GMT)
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== Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&quot;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 

Dear Wiki Community,

We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia.

The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects.

;About the Campaign 
'''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices.

;What Can Participants Write About? 
Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to:

* Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations  
* Folk dances, music, and traditional performances  
* Women and queer figures in folklore  
* Women in mythology and oral traditions  
* Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives  
* Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends  
* Folk games, sports, and cultural practices  

Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools.

;How to Sign Up as an Organizer 
Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community:

# Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] 
# Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool  
# Prepare a local article list and clearly mention:
#* Campaign timeline  
#* Local and international prizes  
# Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]]  
# Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]'''

;Campaign Tools

The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants:

* '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats.
* '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore.

Both tools are now available for use in the campaign.  '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]'''

;Learn More &amp; Get Support
For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''.

If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via:
* '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]'''
* Email us using details on the contact page.

;Join Us 
We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia.

Thank you and best wishes,
  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]'''

----

''Stay connected:''  
[[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp;
[[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
Hello everyone,

We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe.

;About Wiki Loves Folklore 

'''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight:
* Folk traditions and rituals  
* Cultural festivals and celebrations  
* Traditional attire and crafts 
* Performing arts, music, and dance  
* Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage  

Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world.

[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] 

; Host a Local Edition 

As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to:
* Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture  
* Engage new contributors in your community  
* Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content  

'''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:'''  

If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know.

If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region.

;Get in Touch 
If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via:

* The project Talk pages  
* Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org'''

We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail.

Warm regards,  

'''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''
&lt;/div&gt;
[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 13:20, 18 Silimin gɔli January 2026 (GMT)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=29228188 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

21:01, 19 Silimin gɔli January 2026 (GMT)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=29905753 --&gt;

== Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Dear Wikipedians!

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''.

The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences.

🧩'''How to participate?'''

Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine.

🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''.

'''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.'''

If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&amp;messages=&amp;language=en&amp;x=D banner] into your own language.

Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! 

[[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&amp;oldid=28552112 --&gt;

== Enabling Our World In Data (OWID) feature on Dagbani Wikipedia: ==

Our World in Data (OWID) is a scientific online publication that focuses on large global problems such as poverty, disease, hunger, war, climate change, population growth, existential risks, and inequality.
It uses interactive charts and maps to illustrate research findings, often taking a long-term view to show how global living conditions have changed over time.

Presently, this essential feature is not activated for translations in Dagbani, which poses a major drawback to particularly, presentations which may require data visualizations on global issues. The sole purpose of this discussion is to spotlight this inactivation and solicit community views for stringent steps to be taken towards its activation. [[Ŋun su:Abdul-Rauf Moshie|Abdul-Rauf Moshie]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Abdul-Rauf Moshie|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 21:44, 25 Silimin gɔli April 2026 (GMT)

:As an individual in research, I strongly support this proposal. Integrating Our World in Data visualizations into Dagbani translations will greatly enhance understanding of complex global issues like health, climate change, and poverty. Data is most impactful when it is both accessible and understandable, and interactive charts help bridge that gap. Enabling this feature will empower Dagbani readers, educators, and researchers to engage more deeply with evidence-based information and promote informed decision-making in our communities. [[Ŋun su:Knowledge and philosophy|Knowledge and philosophy]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Knowledge and philosophy|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 12:19, 26 Silimin gɔli April 2026 (GMT)
*Examples can be seen here on Commons.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:List_of_interactive_graphs] [[Ŋun su:Doc James|Doc James]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:Doc James|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 12:16, 9 Silimin gɔli May 2026 (GMT)

== Request for comment (global AI policy) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}
A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[Ŋun su:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ŋun su yɛltɔɣa:MediaWiki message delivery|Yɛltɔɣa]]) 00:57, 26 Silimin gɔli April 2026 (GMT)
&lt;/bdi&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=30424282 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>51n5xyf9j2mstc3bvecm1syu77vlxg3</sha1>
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{{E-Class}}
'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ Nigeria bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

Zenith Bank daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, Zenith Bank PLC daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, Zenith Bank daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ Nigeria bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

Zenith Bank daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, Zenith Bank PLC daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, Zenith Bank daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba daa[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ Nigeria bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

Zenith Bank daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, Zenith Bank PLC daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, Zenith Bank daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba daa

Silimin goli November piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ Oracle Flexcube, tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ Nigeria bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

Zenith Bank daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, Zenith Bank PLC daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, Zenith Bank daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli November piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ Oracle Flexcube, tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli June yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli October puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma London Stock Exchange (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ Nigeria bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

Zenith Bank daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, Zenith Bank PLC daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, Zenith Bank daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli November piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ Oracle Flexcube, tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli June yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli October puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma London Stock Exchange (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.

Banki maa malila sulinsi n zaŋchaŋ Zenith Custodian, Zenith Securities ni Zenith General Insurance polo.[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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      <id>135943</id>
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ ''[[Nigeria]]'' bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

''Zenith Bank'' daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, ''Zenith Bank PLC'' daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, Zenith Bank daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli November piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ Oracle Flexcube, tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli June yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli October puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma London Stock Exchange (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.

Banki maa malila sulinsi n zaŋchaŋ Zenith Custodian, Zenith Securities ni Zenith General Insurance polo.[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ ''[[Nigeria]]'' bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

''Zenith Bank'' daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, ''Zenith Bank PLC'' daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, Zenith Bank daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli November piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ Oracle Flexcube, tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli June yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli October puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma London Stock Exchange (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.

Banki maa malila sulinsi n zaŋchaŋ Zenith Custodian, Zenith Securities ni Zenith General Insurance polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Zenith Bank Website Team|title=Home » About Us  » Corporate Information|url=https://www.zenithbank.com/CorporateInfo.aspx|access-date=2026-05-10|website=www.zenithbank.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ ''[[Nigeria]]'' bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

''Zenith Bank'' daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, ''Zenith Bank PLC'' daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, Zenith Bank daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli November piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ Oracle Flexcube, tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli June yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli October puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma London Stock Exchange (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.

Banki maa malila sulinsi n zaŋchaŋ Zenith Custodian, Zenith Securities ni Zenith General Insurance polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Zenith Bank Website Team|title=Home » About Us  » Corporate Information|url=https://www.zenithbank.com/CorporateInfo.aspx|access-date=2026-05-10|website=www.zenithbank.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Di yaɣa yɛligibu ==
Zuŋɔ, Zenith Bank nyɛla ban tumdi luɣa kɔbisinu (500) ka lahi tumdi daabilim ofisinim luɣili kam ni Federal Capital Territory ni. Di daa kuli nyɛla ŋun tumdi tiri United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Ghana, Sierra Leone, The Gambia, France nti pahi China ofisinim ni. Silimin goli March yuuni 2026 puuni, banki maa daa tuɣila di yɛligibu n gili duniya ka daa yooi bɛ tuɣili Manchester tiŋgbanni.[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ ''[[Nigeria]]'' bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

''Zenith Bank'' daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, ''Zenith Bank PLC'' daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, ''Zenith Bank'' daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli ''[[November]]'' piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ ''Oracle Flexcube'', tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli ''[[June]]'' yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli ''[[October]]'' puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti ''Nigeria Stock Exchange'' (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Zenith Bank Website Team|title=Home » About Us  » Corporate Information|url=https://www.zenithbank.com/CorporateInfo.aspx|access-date=2026-05-10|website=www.zenithbank.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Banki maa malila sulinsi n zaŋchaŋ Zenith Custodian, Zenith Securities ni Zenith General Insurance polo.

== Di yaɣa yɛligibu ==
Zuŋɔ, ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla ban tumdi luɣa kɔbisinu (500) ka lahi tumdi daabilim ofisinim luɣili kam ni Federal Capital Territory ni. Di daa kuli nyɛla ŋun tumdi tiri ''[[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'', ''[[United Arab Emirates]], [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], The Gambia, [[France]]'' nti pahi ''[[China]]'' ofisinim ni. Silimin goli March yuuni 2026 puuni, banki maa daa tuɣila di yɛligibu n gili duniya ka daa yooi bɛ tuɣili Manchester tiŋgbanni.[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ ''[[Nigeria]]'' bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

''Zenith Bank'' daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, ''Zenith Bank PLC'' daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, ''Zenith Bank'' daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli ''[[November]]'' piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ ''Oracle Flexcube'', tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Abimbola|first=Oluwakemi|date=2024-11-06|title=Zenith Bank completes IT infrastructure migration|url=https://punchng.com/zenith-bank-completes-it-infrastructure-migration/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli ''[[June]]'' yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli ''[[October]]'' puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti ''Nigeria Stock Exchange'' (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Zenith Bank Website Team|title=Home » About Us  » Corporate Information|url=https://www.zenithbank.com/CorporateInfo.aspx|access-date=2026-05-10|website=www.zenithbank.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Banki maa malila sulinsi n zaŋchaŋ Zenith Custodian, Zenith Securities ni Zenith General Insurance polo.

== Di yaɣa yɛligibu ==
Zuŋɔ, ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla ban tumdi luɣa kɔbisinu (500) ka lahi tumdi daabilim ofisinim luɣili kam ni Federal Capital Territory ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Di daa kuli nyɛla ŋun tumdi tiri ''[[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'', ''[[United Arab Emirates]], [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], The Gambia, [[France]]'' nti pahi ''[[China]]'' ofisinim ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Silimin goli March yuuni 2026 puuni, banki maa daa tuɣila di yɛligibu n gili duniya ka daa yooi bɛ tuɣili Manchester tiŋgbanni.[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Crowney|first=Paul|date=2025-07-18|title=Awards for Excellence national winners 2025: Nigeria|url=https://www.euromoney.com/article/er6bxbqo4dckc84occgsck880/awards/awards-for-excellence/awards-for-excellence-national-winners-2025-nigeria/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Euromoney|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ ''[[Nigeria]]'' bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

''Zenith Bank'' daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, ''Zenith Bank PLC'' daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, ''Zenith Bank'' daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli ''[[November]]'' piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ ''Oracle Flexcube'', tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Abimbola|first=Oluwakemi|date=2024-11-06|title=Zenith Bank completes IT infrastructure migration|url=https://punchng.com/zenith-bank-completes-it-infrastructure-migration/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli ''[[June]]'' yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli ''[[October]]'' puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti ''Nigeria Stock Exchange'' (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Zenith Bank Website Team|title=Home » About Us  » Corporate Information|url=https://www.zenithbank.com/CorporateInfo.aspx|access-date=2026-05-10|website=www.zenithbank.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Banki maa malila sulinsi n zaŋchaŋ Zenith Custodian, Zenith Securities ni Zenith General Insurance polo.

== Di yaɣa yɛligibu ==
Zuŋɔ, ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla ban tumdi luɣa kɔbisinu (500) ka lahi tumdi daabilim ofisinim luɣili kam ni Federal Capital Territory ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Di daa kuli nyɛla ŋun tumdi tiri ''[[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'', ''[[United Arab Emirates]], [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], The Gambia, [[France]]'' nti pahi ''[[China]]'' ofisinim ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Silimin goli March yuuni 2026 puuni, banki maa daa tuɣila di yɛligibu n gili duniya ka daa yooi bɛ tuɣili Manchester tiŋgbanni.[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Crowney|first=Paul|date=2025-07-18|title=Awards for Excellence national winners 2025: Nigeria|url=https://www.euromoney.com/article/er6bxbqo4dckc84occgsck880/awards/awards-for-excellence/awards-for-excellence-national-winners-2025-nigeria/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Euromoney|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Nwachukwu|first=Iheanyi|date=2024-03-19|title=Adaora Umeoji becomes first female Group Managing Director of Zenith Bank|url=https://businessday.ng/companies/article/adaora-umeoji-becomes-first-female-group-managing-director-of-zenith-bank/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ ''[[Nigeria]]'' bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

''Zenith Bank'' daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, ''Zenith Bank PLC'' daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba. Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, ''Zenith Bank'' daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli ''[[November]]'' piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ ''Oracle Flexcube'', tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Abimbola|first=Oluwakemi|date=2024-11-06|title=Zenith Bank completes IT infrastructure migration|url=https://punchng.com/zenith-bank-completes-it-infrastructure-migration/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli ''[[June]]'' yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli ''[[October]]'' puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti ''Nigeria Stock Exchange'' (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Zenith Bank Website Team|title=Home » About Us  » Corporate Information|url=https://www.zenithbank.com/CorporateInfo.aspx|access-date=2026-05-10|website=www.zenithbank.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Banki maa malila sulinsi n zaŋchaŋ Zenith Custodian, Zenith Securities ni Zenith General Insurance polo.

== Di yaɣa yɛligibu ==
Zuŋɔ, ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla ban tumdi luɣa kɔbisinu (500) ka lahi tumdi daabilim ofisinim luɣili kam ni Federal Capital Territory ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Di daa kuli nyɛla ŋun tumdi tiri ''[[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'', ''[[United Arab Emirates]], [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], The Gambia, [[France]]'' nti pahi ''[[China]]'' ofisinim ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Silimin goli March yuuni 2026 puuni, banki maa daa tuɣila di yɛligibu n gili duniya ka daa yooi bɛ tuɣili Manchester tiŋgbanni.[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
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{{E-Class}}
'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Crowney|first=Paul|date=2025-07-18|title=Awards for Excellence national winners 2025: Nigeria|url=https://www.euromoney.com/article/er6bxbqo4dckc84occgsck880/awards/awards-for-excellence/awards-for-excellence-national-winners-2025-nigeria/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Euromoney|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Nwachukwu|first=Iheanyi|date=2024-03-19|title=Adaora Umeoji becomes first female Group Managing Director of Zenith Bank|url=https://businessday.ng/companies/article/adaora-umeoji-becomes-first-female-group-managing-director-of-zenith-bank/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ ''[[Nigeria]]'' bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

''Zenith Bank'' daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, ''Zenith Bank PLC'' daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Jeremiah|first=Urowayino|date=2021-11-04|title=Okowa salutes Jim Ovia at 70|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/11/okowa-salutes-jim-ovia-at-70/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Vanguard News|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, ''Zenith Bank'' daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli ''[[November]]'' piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ ''Oracle Flexcube'', tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Abimbola|first=Oluwakemi|date=2024-11-06|title=Zenith Bank completes IT infrastructure migration|url=https://punchng.com/zenith-bank-completes-it-infrastructure-migration/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli ''[[June]]'' yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli ''[[October]]'' puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti ''Nigeria Stock Exchange'' (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Zenith Bank Website Team|title=Home » About Us  » Corporate Information|url=https://www.zenithbank.com/CorporateInfo.aspx|access-date=2026-05-10|website=www.zenithbank.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Banki maa malila sulinsi n zaŋchaŋ Zenith Custodian, Zenith Securities ni Zenith General Insurance polo.

== Di yaɣa yɛligibu ==
Zuŋɔ, ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla ban tumdi luɣa kɔbisinu (500) ka lahi tumdi daabilim ofisinim luɣili kam ni Federal Capital Territory ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Di daa kuli nyɛla ŋun tumdi tiri ''[[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'', ''[[United Arab Emirates]], [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], The Gambia, [[France]]'' nti pahi ''[[China]]'' ofisinim ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Silimin goli March yuuni 2026 puuni, banki maa daa tuɣila di yɛligibu n gili duniya ka daa yooi bɛ tuɣili Manchester tiŋgbanni.[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
[[Category:Banks established in 1990]]
[[Category:Banks of Nigeria]]
[[Category:Companies in the NSE-30 Index]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Multinational companies based in Lagos]]
[[Category:Nigerian companies established in 1990]]
[[Category:Victoria Island, Lagos]]
== Kundivihira ==</text>
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{{E-Class}}
'''Zenith Bank Plc''' nyɛla banki shɛli din gbubiri ka maandi liɣiri sɔŋda ka di nyɛ din tumdi tiŋduya pam, di tuma du' zuɣu maa nyɛla din be ''Victoria Island'' din be ''[[Lagos]]'' ''[[Nigeria]]'' tiŋgbani ni. ''Jim Ovia'' n-nyɛ ŋun daa kpali yuuni 1990, ''Central Bank of Nigeria'' din nyɛ ''national banking regulator'' la n nyɛ din tili soli ka di tumdi liɣiri sɔŋbu tuma. ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla din pahi ''Nigerian Exchange'' (NGX) mini ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) puuni.

''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla [[Nigeria]] mini ''[[West Africa]]'' banki kara puuni yini, ka ban mali di sulinsi daa mali ₦4.029 ''trillion'' yuuni 2024 la ni, ka di nyɛ din tumdi [[Afrika]] tiŋsi pam ni tiŋduya kamani ''[[France]], The Gambia, [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'' ni ''[[China]]''. Yuuni 2024 puuni, banki maa daariziki zaa daa nyɛla ₦29.96 ''trillion'' ka bɛ ni daa nya nyɔ' shɛli nyɛ ₦3.97 ''trillion'', ka di wuhiri ni di nyɛla banki shɛli din mali yaa ni dihitabili. Yuuni 2025 la bɛ daa deela '''Best Bank in Nigeria''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' kpaŋmaŋ pini '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''Euromoney Award''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' nim sani, ka di nyɛ din dihiri banki maa zaɣimaŋtali n tabilira.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Crowney|first=Paul|date=2025-07-18|title=Awards for Excellence national winners 2025: Nigeria|url=https://www.euromoney.com/article/er6bxbqo4dckc84occgsck880/awards/awards-for-excellence/awards-for-excellence-national-winners-2025-nigeria/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Euromoney|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 2024 la saha, Banki maa daa piila ''Adaora Umeoji'' bɛ piligu paɣa ŋun daa nyɛ ''Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer'',  ka di wuhiri banki maa kpamaŋa tarihi puuni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Nwachukwu|first=Iheanyi|date=2024-03-19|title=Adaora Umeoji becomes first female Group Managing Director of Zenith Bank|url=https://businessday.ng/companies/article/adaora-umeoji-becomes-first-female-group-managing-director-of-zenith-bank/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Di taarihi ==

=== Di mini di taba kpabu ===
Zenith Bank ni daa kuli kpɛ ''[[Nigeria]]'' bankinim puuni yuuni 1990 la saha, di daa nyɛla din kpaɣintiri banki shɛŋa din daa pahipahi maa ni yaa, piligu ha di mini lala saha maa bankinim n daa kpaɣintira, ka banki shɛŋa daa laɣim dinni yuuni 2000 polo ka di lɛbi banki shɛli din bi galisi amaa ka lee mali yaa.

''Zenith Bank'' daa na kuli nyɛla banki shɛli din gaŋdu bankinim puuni, ka bɛ zaɣa be tabibi baŋsim yaligibu ni, ka bɛ tumdi kamani duniya banki kara ni tumdi sham ka bɛ mini daabika lahi tumda.

Yuuni 2025 puuni, ''Zenith Bank PLC'' daa nyɛla di kpaŋ di maŋa n paala Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) nim ni bɔri ni banki ariziki paai sham ₦500 billion pɔi ka bɛ mini tiŋduya naanyi tooi tum yomyom, ka daa nya kamani ₦614.65 billion October 2025 polo ha.

=== Di pilibu ===
Yuuni 1990 puuni, Jim Ovia daa kpala Zenith Bank PLC ni di mini banki dibaanahi din za di naba ayi zuɣu la kpa taba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Jeremiah|first=Urowayino|date=2021-11-04|title=Okowa salutes Jim Ovia at 70|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/11/okowa-salutes-jim-ovia-at-70/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Vanguard News|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Banki maa daa pilila tuma July ni, di ni daa kuli naai May ni maa.

Di piligu, banki maa malila $4 million ka pili zaŋli n pili tuma saha shɛli gomnanti ni daa kpaŋsiri ʒi n gama bankinim maa Central Bank daa ti bankinim pishi soli ni bɛ pili tuma. Yuuni 1997 puuni, zaligu din daa yina banki kpamba sani maa zuɣu, Zenith Bank daa bola laɣiri n pahi bɛ ni daa pun mali aɩaaa' shɛli n tumdi maa zuɣu ka di niŋ ₦500 million.

Bɛ ni daa na pili bɛ daa bela yili ni hali n-ti me banki, banki maa daa pilila zoobu biɛlabiɛla, hali n-ti pa lɛbi di tuɣa maa zaa zuɣu, dina n nyɛ Zenith Heights.

== Di tabibi baŋsim ni zoobu ==

Yuuni 1999 puuni, ''Zenith Bank'' daa pilila internet zaŋtum tuma bɛ daabilim ni ka kpaŋsi pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma tumbu ka nyɛ kompini shaba ban daa daŋ bɛ ariziki zaŋ kpɛhi banki pɔhimzuɣu banki tuma la puuni yini. Yuuni 2000 piligu la saha, Zenith nim lahibali daa pilila dubu, di ni daa zaŋdi ariziri n kpɛhi tabibi yaɣili maa daa sɔŋ ba mi ka bɛ ni tooi nyaŋ banki kara shɛŋa din mali tuɣa tiŋduya ka bɛ gba daa zaŋ nyɔri ka di mini banki kara shaba tuma daa saɣisi taba.

Silimin goli ''[[November]]'' piligu yuuni 2024, banki maa daa kpaŋsila di tabibi yaɣili taɣi deei di baŋsim pala n niŋ bɛ daabilim ni, dina n nyɛ ''Oracle Flexcube'', tabibi baŋsim yaɣi' kpɛŋ din sɔŋdi bɛ mini ban tumda ka maandi bɛ bukaatanima.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Abimbola|first=Oluwakemi|date=2024-11-06|title=Zenith Bank completes IT infrastructure migration|url=https://punchng.com/zenith-bank-completes-it-infrastructure-migration/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bɛ piligu banki sulinsi kɔhibu ==

Silimin goli ''[[June]]'' yuuni 2004 puuni, niriba pam daa nyɛla ban da banki maa sulinsi, ka lala zuɣu che ka di leei kompini shɛli din nyɛ ɣsalo dini. Silimin goli ''[[October]]'' puuni yuuni 2004, di zaŋla ban su li maa zaa ni su sham n-ti ''Nigeria Stock Exchange'' (NSE) nima. Banki maa nyɛla din niŋdi di sulinsi kɔhimma ni damma ''London Stock Exchange'' (LSE) ka di zaa yiɣisi $850 million ka zaɣi yini kam nyɛ $6.80 yuuni 2013.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Zenith Bank Website Team|title=Home » About Us  » Corporate Information|url=https://www.zenithbank.com/CorporateInfo.aspx|access-date=2026-05-10|website=www.zenithbank.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Banki maa malila sulinsi n zaŋchaŋ Zenith Custodian, Zenith Securities ni Zenith General Insurance polo.

== Di yaɣa yɛligibu ==
Zuŋɔ, ''Zenith Bank'' nyɛla ban tumdi luɣa kɔbisinu (500) ka lahi tumdi daabilim ofisinim luɣili kam ni Federal Capital Territory ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Di daa kuli nyɛla ŋun tumdi tiri ''[[United Kindom|United Kingdom]]'', ''[[United Arab Emirates]], [[Ghana]], [[Sierra leone|Sierra Leone]], The Gambia, [[France]]'' nti pahi ''[[China]]'' ofisinim ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Silimin goli March yuuni 2026 puuni, banki maa daa tuɣila di yɛligibu n gili duniya ka daa yooi bɛ tuɣili Manchester tiŋgbanni.[[File:Zenith Bank.jpg|thumb|213x213px|Branch of Zenith Bank in Race Course Road, [[Kaduna State]].]]
== Kundivihira ==

{{Reflist}}

[[Pubu:lahabaya zaa]]
[[Pubu:banki nima din be Africa]]</text>
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    <title>Serruria hirsuta</title>
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        <username>Phasy GH</username>
        <id>5787</id>
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      <comment>Started an article</comment>
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      <text bytes="306" sha1="3la6jnmb2bjkbhl2uictmiwvhe3p5br" xml:space="preserve">[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]
[[Pubu:Tihi ni mɔri]]
[[Category:Serruria|hirsuta]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces]]
[[Category:Fynbos]]
Serruria hirsuta ka niriba pam mi li Swartkops spiderhead nyɛla mɔɣu din yiri pum mɔri yaɣi shɛli bɛ ni boli Serruria la, ka di nyɛ din pahi fynbos puuni.</text>
      <sha1>3la6jnmb2bjkbhl2uictmiwvhe3p5br</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>136018</id>
      <parentid>136017</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T09:37:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Phasy GH</username>
        <id>5787</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added  a text</comment>
      <origin>136018</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="547" sha1="mjr03twxepkrtubmckm19pccx9ovqc1" xml:space="preserve">[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]
[[Pubu:Tihi ni mɔri]]
[[Category:Serruria|hirsuta]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces]]
[[Category:Fynbos]]
Serruria hirsuta ka niriba pam mi li Swartkops spiderhead nyɛla mɔɣu din yiri pum mɔri yaɣi shɛli bɛ ni boli Serruria la, ka di nyɛ din pahi fynbos puuni. Di nyɛla din zoori Western Cape kɔnko, di nyɛla zoori Kwartkop Mountain din be Cape Peninsula tiŋli polo ka miri Simon's Town. Lala mɔɣu maa zoobu waɣilim tariga tooi nyɛla 50 cm ka di yiri pum silimin goli June  hali ni October ni</text>
      <sha1>mjr03twxepkrtubmckm19pccx9ovqc1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136020</id>
      <parentid>136018</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T09:38:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Phasy GH</username>
        <id>5787</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added  a text</comment>
      <origin>136020</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="763" sha1="no8f78hfdlh9nbpqlbu5z8kdpsj92s3" xml:space="preserve">[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]
[[Pubu:Tihi ni mɔri]]
[[Category:Serruria|hirsuta]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces]]
[[Category:Fynbos]]
Serruria hirsuta ka niriba pam mi li Swartkops spiderhead nyɛla mɔɣu din yiri pum mɔri yaɣi shɛli bɛ ni boli Serruria la, ka di nyɛ din pahi fynbos puuni. Di nyɛla din zoori Western Cape kɔnko, di nyɛla zoori Kwartkop Mountain din be Cape Peninsula tiŋli polo ka miri Simon's Town. Lala mɔɣu maa zoobu waɣilim tariga tooi nyɛla 50 cm ka di yiri pum silimin goli June  hali ni October ni.

Buɣum tooi dirila mɔɣu maa amaa ka bi tooi saɣindi di ʒi maa. Di yi yi pum n naai chira ayi nyaanga, di wala maa yan lula tiŋa ka salinsahi kpuɣi di ʒi maa n chaŋ. Bɛ yan vali mi n ti sɔŋ bɛ tɛri ni.</text>
      <sha1>no8f78hfdlh9nbpqlbu5z8kdpsj92s3</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>136021</id>
      <parentid>136020</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T09:41:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Phasy GH</username>
        <id>5787</id>
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      <comment>Added  a text</comment>
      <origin>136021</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="964" sha1="lvr81g15ew7t4xhwcl4ho2pyeryz4tj" xml:space="preserve">[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]
[[Pubu:Tihi ni mɔri]]
[[Category:Serruria|hirsuta]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces]]
[[Category:Fynbos]]
Serruria hirsuta ka niriba pam mi li Swartkops spiderhead nyɛla mɔɣu din yiri pum mɔri yaɣi shɛli bɛ ni boli Serruria la, ka di nyɛ din pahi fynbos puuni. Di nyɛla din zoori Western Cape kɔnko, di nyɛla zoori Kwartkop Mountain din be Cape Peninsula tiŋli polo ka miri Simon's Town. Lala mɔɣu maa zoobu waɣilim tariga tooi nyɛla 50 cm ka di yiri pum silimin goli June  hali ni October ni.

Buɣum tooi dirila mɔɣu maa amaa ka bi tooi saɣindi di ʒi maa. Di yi yi pum n naai chira ayi nyaanga, di wala maa yan lula tiŋa ka salinsahi kpuɣi di ʒi maa n chaŋ. Bɛ yan vali mi n ti sɔŋ bɛ tɛri ni. Mɔɣu maa nyɛla din mali paɣatali mini dotali yɛlibɔra.Binnɛma n nyɛ din ʒiri di manii maa n tirili. Mɔɣu maa nyɛla din zoori kuɣa shee ka di waɣilim nyɛ 360 meters  hali ni 470 meters.</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>136023</id>
      <parentid>136021</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Phasy GH</username>
        <id>5787</id>
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      <text bytes="1025" sha1="ksfgton3f9k6s7amw8zul2citriq0go" xml:space="preserve">[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]
[[Pubu:Tihi ni mɔri]]
[[Category:Serruria|hirsuta]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces]]
[[Category:Fynbos]]
'''Serruria hirsuta''' ka niriba pam mi li '''Swartkops spiderhead''' nyɛla mɔɣu din yiri pum ka be mɔri yaɣi shɛli bɛ ni boli ''Serruria'' la, ka di nyɛ din pahi ''fynbos'' puuni. Di nyɛla din zoori ''Western Cape'' kɔnko, di nyɛla zoori ''Kwartkop Mountain'' din be ''Cape Peninsula'' tiŋli polo ka miri ''Simon's Town'' la. Lala mɔɣu maa zoobu waɣilim tariga tooi nyɛla 50 cm ka di yiri pum silimin goli ''[[June]]''  hali ni ''[[October]]'' ni.

Buɣum tooi dirila mɔɣu maa amaa ka bi tooi saɣindi di ʒi maa. Di yi yi pum n naai chira ayi nyaanga, di wala maa yan lula tiŋa ka salinsahi kpuɣi di ʒi maa n chaŋ. Bɛ yan vali mi n ti sɔŋ bɛ tɛri ni. Mɔɣu maa nyɛla din mali paɣatali mini dotali yɛlibɔra.Binnɛma n nyɛ din ʒiri di manii maa n tirili. Mɔɣu maa nyɛla din zoori kuɣa shee ka di waɣilim nyɛ 360 meters  hali ni 470 meters.</text>
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[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]
[[Pubu:Tihi ni mɔri]]
[[Category:Serruria|hirsuta]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces]]
[[Category:Fynbos]]
'''Serruria hirsuta''' ka niriba pam mi li '''Swartkops spiderhead''' nyɛla mɔɣu din yiri pum ka be mɔri yaɣi shɛli bɛ ni boli ''Serruria'' la, ka di nyɛ din pahi ''fynbos'' puuni. Di nyɛla din zoori ''Western Cape'' kɔnko, di nyɛla zoori ''Kwartkop Mountain'' din be ''Cape Peninsula'' tiŋli polo ka miri ''Simon's Town'' la. Lala mɔɣu maa zoobu waɣilim tariga tooi nyɛla 50 cm ka di yiri pum silimin goli ''[[June]]''  hali ni ''[[October]]'' ni.

Buɣum tooi dirila mɔɣu maa amaa ka bi tooi saɣindi di ʒi maa. Di yi yi pum n naai chira ayi nyaanga, di wala maa yan lula tiŋa ka salinsahi kpuɣi di ʒi maa n chaŋ. Bɛ yan vali mi n ti sɔŋ bɛ tɛri ni. Mɔɣu maa nyɛla din mali paɣatali mini dotali yɛlibɔra.Binnɛma n nyɛ din ʒiri di manii maa n tirili. Mɔɣu maa nyɛla din zoori kuɣa shee ka di waɣilim nyɛ 360 meters  hali ni 470 meters.</text>
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[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]
[[Pubu:Tihi ni mɔri]]
[[Category:Serruria|hirsuta]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces]]
[[Category:Fynbos]]
'''Serruria hirsuta''' ka niriba pam mi li '''Swartkops spiderhead''' nyɛla mɔɣu din yiri pum ka be mɔri yaɣi shɛli bɛ ni boli ''Serruria'' la, ka di nyɛ din pahi ''fynbos'' puuni. Di nyɛla din zoori ''Western Cape'' kɔnko, di nyɛla zoori ''Kwartkop Mountain'' din be ''Cape Peninsula'' tiŋli polo ka miri ''Simon's Town'' la. Lala mɔɣu maa zoobu waɣilim tariga tooi nyɛla 50 cm ka di yiri pum silimin goli ''[[June]]''  hali ni ''[[October]]'' ni.

Buɣum tooi dirila mɔɣu maa amaa ka bi tooi saɣindi di ʒi maa. Di yi yi pum n naai chira ayi nyaanga, di wala maa yan lula tiŋa ka salinsahi kpuɣi di ʒi maa n chaŋ. Bɛ yan vali mi n ti sɔŋ bɛ tɛri ni. Mɔɣu maa nyɛla din mali paɣatali mini dotali yɛlibɔra.Binnɛma n nyɛ din ʒiri di manii maa n tirili. Mɔɣu maa nyɛla din zoori kuɣa shee ka di waɣilim nyɛ 360 meters  hali ni 470 meters.

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]
[[Pubu:Tihi ni mɔri]]
[[Category:Serruria|hirsuta]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces]]
[[Category:Fynbos]]
'''Serruria hirsuta''' ka niriba pam mi li '''Swartkops spiderhead''' nyɛla mɔɣu din yiri pum ka be mɔri yaɣi shɛli bɛ ni boli ''Serruria'' la, ka di nyɛ din pahi ''fynbos'' puuni. Di nyɛla din zoori ''Western Cape'' kɔnko, di nyɛla zoori ''Kwartkop Mountain'' din be ''Cape Peninsula'' tiŋli polo ka miri ''Simon's Town'' la. Lala mɔɣu maa zoobu waɣilim tariga tooi nyɛla 50 cm ka di yiri pum silimin goli ''[[June]]''  hali ni ''[[October]]'' ni.

Buɣum tooi dirila mɔɣu maa amaa ka bi tooi saɣindi di ʒi maa. Di yi yi pum n naai chira ayi nyaanga, di wala maa yan lula tiŋa ka salinsahi kpuɣi di ʒi maa n chaŋ. Bɛ yan vali mi n ti sɔŋ bɛ tɛri ni. Mɔɣu maa nyɛla din mali paɣatali mini dotali yɛlibɔra.Binnɛma n nyɛ din ʒiri di manii maa n tirili. Mɔɣu maa nyɛla din zoori kuɣa shee ka di waɣilim nyɛ 360 meters  hali ni 470 meters.

== Kundivihira ==
{{[[Reflist[}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Paramecium bursaria</title>
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{{E-Class}}
'''Paramecium bursaria''' nyɛla binniɛbila balishɛli ŋun ŋmani shiyuɣu kamali kɔbiri,ka be ko biɛri ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Paramecium bursaria (Ehrenberg) Focker, 1836|url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=426754|access-date=2022-12-23|website=www.marinespecies.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nyɛla binniɛŋ ŋun mali o maŋ tabindi binniɛn balishɛli siliminsi ni boli '''algae''' la  ni yino ka bɛ boli ba  ''[[Zoochlorella]]''. O bela binniɛbila so siliminsi ni boli [[paramecium]] la puuni,ka soŋdi lala binniɛŋ ŋɔ ni bindirigu ka o mi gba soŋdi o ni chandi mini gubu polo. P. bursaria waɣilim paai  80-150 μm,ka mali [[oral groove]] din yɛlima, ni [[contractile vacuoles]], n ti pahi [[micronucleus]] zaɣi yini ni [[macronucleus]] zaɣi yini. P. bursaria ko n nyɛ paramecium balishɛli ŋun mali biɛhigu ni binniɛma dibaa ayi,ka bɛ tooi mali o tiri ŋmahili kariŋ zona ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Dohra|first=Hideo|last2=Fujishima|first2=Masahiro|last3=Suzuki|first3=Haruo|date=2015-10-07|title=Analysis of amino acid and codon usage in Paramecium bursaria|url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1016/j.febslet.2015.08.033|journal=FEBS Letters|language=en|volume=589|issue=20PartB|pages=3113–3118|doi=10.1016/j.febslet.2015.08.033}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; style=&quot;float:left;&quot;&gt;
File:Paramecium bursaria.jpg| ''Paramecium bursaria'' with green [[zoochlorellae]] living inside [[endosymbiotic]]ally
File:20090719_062218_ParameciumBursaria.jpg| A ''Paramecium bursaria'' about 100&amp;nbsp;µm long
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Further reading==
*{{cite journal|last1=Blanc|first1=Guillaume|last2=Mozar|first2=Michael|last3=Agarkova|first3=Irina V.|title=Deep RNA Sequencing Reveals Hidden Features and Dynamics of Early Gene Transcription in ''Paramecium bursaria'' Chlorella Virus 1|journal=PLOS ONE|date=7 March 2014|volume=9|issue=3|pages=e90989|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0090989|pmid=24608750|pmc=3946568|bibcode=2014PLoSO...990989B|doi-access=free}}
*{{cite journal|last1=Greczek-Stachura|first1=Magdalena|last2=Potekhin|first2=Alexey|last3=Przybos|first3=Ewa|last4=Rautian|first4=Maria|last5=Skoblo|first5=Inna|last6=Tarcz|first6=Sebastian|title=Identification of ''Paramecium bursaria'' Syngens through Molecular Markers – Comparative Analysis of Three Loci in the Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA|journal=Protist|date=September 2012|volume=163|issue=5|pages=671–685|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2011.10.009|pmid=22154394 }}

==External links==
*[http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/PDB/Images/Ciliophora/Paramecium/bursaria/sample_4.html Pictures of ''P. bursaria'' as well as a short description]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

==Kundivihira==
*
[[Category:Oligohymenophorea]]
[[Category:Species described in 1831]]
[[Category:Endosymbiotic events]]</text>
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    <title>Dixcove</title>
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      <text bytes="1177" sha1="l2i0r237xjd6m5s7n9kjujws1gc0v7u" xml:space="preserve">Dixcove nyɛla tiŋ shɛli bini gbahiri zahim ka di be Ahanta West District.

Dixcove nyɛla tiŋkpaŋ shɛli din mali kom ni tiŋ shɛli bini gbahiri zahama din bɛ Ahanta West District,  district shɛli din bɛ Western Region, Ghana south yaɣali, ka di zaa shɛi maa mini di tiŋzuɣu, Sekondi-Takoradi west yaɣali waɣalim nyɛ 35 km. Saha ŋɔ ŋun nyɛ na zuɣu nti Dixcove tiŋgbani maa n nyɛ Obrempong Hima Dekyi XIV.

[[File:View of Dixcove.png|thumb|Anfooni din yina Edith Cheeseman sani yuuni 1920 saha, ka bƐ daa ti yaali n-leei postcard zuɣu, di ŋa daa pahi Fort Metal Cross mini harbour of Dixcove.]]
== Taarihi ==
Dixcove nyɛla yaɣ shɛli Fort Metal Cross, silminsi ni daa miɛ n zali 1698 .&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|last=Biveridge|first=Fritz|title=Fort Metal Cross: Commercial Epicentre of the British on the Gold Coast|date=2017-09-08|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39282-0_7|work=Shadows of Empire in West Africa|pages=201–237|place=Cham|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=978-3-319-39281-3|access-date=2026-05-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Daabilim ==

== Tuma duri ==
[[Category:Populated places in Ahanta West Municipal District]]

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>135966</id>
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      <text bytes="2051" sha1="d1dlxxiwip85kcjgrg7n4njfa4e5jsz" xml:space="preserve">Dixcove nyɛla tiŋ shɛli bini gbahiri zahim ka di be Ahanta West District.

Dixcove nyɛla tiŋkpaŋ shɛli din mali kom ni tiŋ shɛli bini gbahiri zahama din bɛ Ahanta West District,  district shɛli din bɛ Western Region, Ghana south yaɣali, ka di zaa shɛi maa mini di tiŋzuɣu, Sekondi-Takoradi west yaɣali waɣalim nyɛ 35 km. Saha ŋɔ ŋun nyɛ na zuɣu nti Dixcove tiŋgbani maa n nyɛ Obrempong Hima Dekyi XIV.

[[File:View of Dixcove.png|thumb|Anfooni din yina Edith Cheeseman sani yuuni 1920 saha, ka bƐ daa ti yaali n-leei postcard zuɣu, di ŋa daa pahi Fort Metal Cross mini harbour of Dixcove.]]
== Taarihi ==
Dixcove nyɛla yaɣ shɛli Fort Metal Cross, silminsi ni daa miɛ n zali 1698 .&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|last=Biveridge|first=Fritz|title=Fort Metal Cross: Commercial Epicentre of the British on the Gold Coast|date=2017-09-08|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39282-0_7|work=Shadows of Empire in West Africa|pages=201–237|place=Cham|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=978-3-319-39281-3|access-date=2026-05-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dixcove nyɛla tiŋ shɛli Fort Metal Cross ni bɛ, silimisi ŋɔ ni naa mɛ fort shɛli n naagi yuuni 1698 puuni la. Fort maa daa nyɛla bini zaŋ shɛli lɛbi daba dabu shɛi,  ka daa lahi nyɛ shɛli polo bini daa mali salmanima mini menʒɛ n zalindi shɛli poi ka bi naa zaŋ li yi, di daa lahi nyɛli bini zaŋ shɛli nlɛbi sarika, prerinsi tumadu mini post office. Saha ŋɔ lala fort maa pa nyɛla din bɛ silimi so nuni ka o zaŋ li lɛbi ninyula shɛi mini luɣu shɛli cheechi nim ni tooi laɣinda.

Tiŋ maa daa nyɛla daabiligu  shɛi Gold Coast saha la, 17century la piligu mini 19century daa nyɛla bibi pirigi shɛli buyi zuɣu,  din n nyɛ Ntwarkro ( Upper Dixcove) mini Daazikessie ( Lowe Discove). Nanima ayi maa daa nyɛla ban ŋmɛ nagbani kpeeni polo zuɣu ka di zuɣu daa chɛ ka zabili luna Upper Dixcove mini Lower Dixcove yuuni 2029 mini 2021

== Daabilim ==

== Tuma duri ==
[[Category:Populated places in Ahanta West Municipal District]]

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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      <text bytes="2057" sha1="c4ag0dmh4vxl2fntaod3i8s4sbby36k" xml:space="preserve">Dixcove nyɛla tiŋ shɛli bini gbahiri zahim ka di be Ahanta West District.

'''Dixcove''' nyɛla tiŋkpaŋ shɛli din mali kom ni tiŋ shɛli bini gbahiri zahama din bɛ Ahanta West District,  district shɛli din bɛ Western Region, Ghana south yaɣali, ka di zaa shɛi maa mini di tiŋzuɣu, Sekondi-Takoradi west yaɣali waɣalim nyɛ 35 km. Saha ŋɔ ŋun nyɛ na zuɣu nti Dixcove tiŋgbani maa n nyɛ Obrempong Hima Dekyi XIV.

[[File:View of Dixcove.png|thumb|Anfooni din yina Edith Cheeseman sani yuuni 1920 saha, ka bƐ daa ti yaali n-leei postcard zuɣu, di ŋa daa pahi Fort Metal Cross mini harbour of Dixcove.]]
== Taarihi ==
Dixcove nyɛla yaɣ shɛli Fort Metal Cross, silminsi ni daa miɛ n zali 1698 .&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|last=Biveridge|first=Fritz|title=Fort Metal Cross: Commercial Epicentre of the British on the Gold Coast|date=2017-09-08|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39282-0_7|work=Shadows of Empire in West Africa|pages=201–237|place=Cham|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=978-3-319-39281-3|access-date=2026-05-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dixcove nyɛla tiŋ shɛli Fort Metal Cross ni bɛ, silimisi ŋɔ ni naa mɛ fort shɛli n naagi yuuni 1698 puuni la. Fort maa daa nyɛla bini zaŋ shɛli lɛbi daba dabu shɛi,  ka daa lahi nyɛ shɛli polo bini daa mali salmanima mini menʒɛ n zalindi shɛli poi ka bi naa zaŋ li yi, di daa lahi nyɛli bini zaŋ shɛli nlɛbi sarika, prerinsi tumadu mini post office. Saha ŋɔ lala fort maa pa nyɛla din bɛ silimi so nuni ka o zaŋ li lɛbi ninyula shɛi mini luɣu shɛli cheechi nim ni tooi laɣinda.

Tiŋ maa daa nyɛla daabiligu  shɛi Gold Coast saha la, 17century la piligu mini 19century daa nyɛla bibi pirigi shɛli buyi zuɣu,  din n nyɛ Ntwarkro ( Upper Dixcove) mini Daazikessie ( Lowe Discove). Nanima ayi maa daa nyɛla ban ŋmɛ nagbani kpeeni polo zuɣu ka di zuɣu daa chɛ ka zabili luna Upper Dixcove mini Lower Dixcove yuuni 2029 mini 2021

== Daabilim ==

== Tuma duri ==
[[Category:Populated places in Ahanta West Municipal District]]

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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      <text bytes="2065" sha1="b3b8gts046c2v2f0sg7hq8jwkx6k57j" xml:space="preserve">Dixcove nyɛla tiŋ shɛli bini gbahiri zahim ka di be Ahanta West District.

'''Dixcove''' nyɛla tiŋkpaŋ shɛli din mali kom ni tiŋ shɛli bini gbahiri zahama din bɛ Ahanta West District,  district shɛli din bɛ [[Western Region]], [[Ghana]] south yaɣali, ka di zaa shɛi maa mini di tiŋzuɣu, Sekondi-Takoradi west yaɣali waɣalim nyɛ 35 km. Saha ŋɔ ŋun nyɛ na zuɣu nti Dixcove tiŋgbani maa n nyɛ Obrempong Hima Dekyi XIV.

[[File:View of Dixcove.png|thumb|Anfooni din yina Edith Cheeseman sani yuuni 1920 saha, ka bƐ daa ti yaali n-leei postcard zuɣu, di ŋa daa pahi Fort Metal Cross mini harbour of Dixcove.]]
== Taarihi ==
Dixcove nyɛla yaɣ shɛli Fort Metal Cross, silminsi ni daa miɛ n zali 1698 .&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|last=Biveridge|first=Fritz|title=Fort Metal Cross: Commercial Epicentre of the British on the Gold Coast|date=2017-09-08|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39282-0_7|work=Shadows of Empire in West Africa|pages=201–237|place=Cham|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=978-3-319-39281-3|access-date=2026-05-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dixcove nyɛla tiŋ shɛli Fort Metal Cross ni bɛ, silimisi ŋɔ ni naa mɛ fort shɛli n naagi yuuni 1698 puuni la. Fort maa daa nyɛla bini zaŋ shɛli lɛbi daba dabu shɛi,  ka daa lahi nyɛ shɛli polo bini daa mali salmanima mini menʒɛ n zalindi shɛli poi ka bi naa zaŋ li yi, di daa lahi nyɛli bini zaŋ shɛli nlɛbi sarika, prerinsi tumadu mini post office. Saha ŋɔ lala fort maa pa nyɛla din bɛ silimi so nuni ka o zaŋ li lɛbi ninyula shɛi mini luɣu shɛli cheechi nim ni tooi laɣinda.

Tiŋ maa daa nyɛla daabiligu  shɛi Gold Coast saha la, 17century la piligu mini 19century daa nyɛla bibi pirigi shɛli buyi zuɣu,  din n nyɛ Ntwarkro ( Upper Dixcove) mini Daazikessie ( Lowe Discove). Nanima ayi maa daa nyɛla ban ŋmɛ nagbani kpeeni polo zuɣu ka di zuɣu daa chɛ ka zabili luna Upper Dixcove mini Lower Dixcove yuuni 2029 mini 2021

== Daabilim ==

== Tuma duri ==
[[Category:Populated places in Ahanta West Municipal District]]

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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        <id>5146</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="3145" sha1="k0ki5dinniddgvwkjus4m4lfpxis363" xml:space="preserve">Dixcove nyɛla tiŋ shɛli bini gbahiri zahim ka di be Ahanta West District.

'''Dixcove''' nyɛla tiŋkpaŋ shɛli din mali kom ni tiŋ shɛli bini gbahiri zahama din bɛ Ahanta West District,  district shɛli din bɛ [[Western Region]], [[Ghana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-03-17|title=Scores injured as youth of Upper and Lower Dixcove engage in bloody fight|language=en-US|work=GhanaWeb|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Scores-injured-as-youth-of-Upper-and-Lower-Dixcove-engage-in-bloody-fight-1207231|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; south yaɣali, ka di zaa shɛi maa mini di tiŋzuɣu, [[Sekondi-Takoradi]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana » Western Region » Ahanta West District|url=http://www.ahantawest.ghanadistricts.gov.gh/?arrow=dnf&amp;_=133&amp;r=5&amp;rlv=towns|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.ahantawest.ghanadistricts.gov.gh}}&lt;/ref&gt; west yaɣali waɣalim nyɛ 35 km. Saha ŋɔ ŋun nyɛ na zuɣu nti Dixcove tiŋgbani maa n nyɛ Obrempong Hima Dekyi XIV.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-05-21|title=Ghetto boys and thieves have taken over Dixcove – Chief laments|language=en-US|work=GhanaWeb|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghetto-boys-and-thieves-have-taken-over-Dixcove-Chief-laments-1543136|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:View of Dixcove.png|thumb|Anfooni din yina Edith Cheeseman sani yuuni 1920 saha, ka bƐ daa ti yaali n-leei postcard zuɣu, di ŋa daa pahi Fort Metal Cross mini harbour of Dixcove.]]
== Taarihi ==
Dixcove nyɛla yaɣ shɛli Fort Metal Cross, silminsi ni daa miɛ n zali 1698 .&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|last=Biveridge|first=Fritz|title=Fort Metal Cross: Commercial Epicentre of the British on the Gold Coast|date=2017-09-08|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39282-0_7|work=Shadows of Empire in West Africa|pages=201–237|place=Cham|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=978-3-319-39281-3|access-date=2026-05-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dixcove nyɛla tiŋ shɛli Fort Metal Cross ni bɛ, silimisi ŋɔ ni naa mɛ fort shɛli n naagi yuuni 1698 puuni la. Fort maa daa nyɛla bini zaŋ shɛli lɛbi daba dabu shɛi,  ka daa lahi nyɛ shɛli polo bini daa mali salmanima mini menʒɛ n zalindi shɛli poi ka bi naa zaŋ li yi, di daa lahi nyɛli bini zaŋ shɛli nlɛbi sarika, prerinsi tumadu mini post office. Saha ŋɔ lala fort maa pa nyɛla din bɛ silimi so nuni ka o zaŋ li lɛbi ninyula shɛi mini luɣu shɛli cheechi nim ni tooi laɣinda.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Roberts|first=Jonathan|date=2014|title=Castles|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/transition.114.88|journal=Transition|issue=114|pages=88–107|doi=10.2979/transition.114.88|issn=0041-1191}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tiŋ maa daa nyɛla daabiligu  shɛi Gold Coast saha la, 17century la piligu mini 19century daa nyɛla bibi pirigi shɛli buyi zuɣu,  din n nyɛ Ntwarkro ( Upper Dixcove) mini Daazikessie ( Lowe Discove). Nanima ayi maa daa nyɛla ban ŋmɛ nagbani kpeeni polo zuɣu ka di zuɣu daa chɛ ka zabili luna Upper Dixcove mini Lower Dixcove yuuni 2029 mini 2021&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Daabilim ==

== Tuma duri ==
[[Category:Populated places in Ahanta West Municipal District]]

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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    <title>Kwesi Ahwoi</title>
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      <text bytes="1081" sha1="bj22we8ud3ltb36cnybu79p4lgyqjj5" xml:space="preserve">Kwesi Ahwoi nyɛla Ghana siyaasa nira, ŋun daa na nyɛ Ghana Minister for Interior Kwasi Ahwoi ( bi dɔɣi o Silimi gɔli November biɣu pia ni ayopoin dali yuuni 1946) nyɛla Interior Minister kuro n ti Ghana. Yuuni 2015 o nyɛla bini piigi so tuuli ambassador n ti Comoros, o na mi lahi niŋ Ghana ambassador n ti tiŋduya dibaa anahi;

== Biɛhigu ==

== Tuma ==

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Ministers for the interior of Ghana]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of Ghana]]
[[Category:University of Cape Coast alumni]]
[[Category:University of Maryland, College Park alumni]]
[[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to South Africa]]&lt;!-- residence is Pretoria--&gt;
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to the Comoros]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Eswatini]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Lesotho]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Mauritius]]
[[Category:St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast) alumni]]
[[Category:Prempeh College alumni]]</text>
      <sha1>bj22we8ud3ltb36cnybu79p4lgyqjj5</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>135953</id>
      <parentid>135952</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Maltima Rabia</username>
        <id>5146</id>
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      <text bytes="1885" sha1="93726t60d94qvqtqiyaayuq4iaooc86" xml:space="preserve">Kwesi Ahwoi nyɛla Ghana siyaasa nira, ŋun daa na nyɛ Ghana Minister for Interior Kwasi Ahwoi ( bi dɔɣi o Silimi gɔli November biɣu pia ni ayopoin dali yuuni 1946) nyɛla Interior Minister kuro n ti Ghana. Yuuni 2015 o nyɛla bini piigi so tuuli ambassador n ti Comoros, o na mi lahi niŋ Ghana ambassador n ti tiŋduya dibaa anahi;

== Piligu Biɛhigu mini Shikuru baŋsim ==
Kwasi Ahwoi chaŋla Prempeh College din bɛ Kumasi maa shɛli polo o ni daa dɛigi O GCE Ordinary Level yuuni 1965 puuni. O shikuru din pahiri ayobu daa nyɛla St. Augustine's College ( Cape Coast) ni ka O daa niŋ O GCE Advance Level yuuni 1967 puuni. O daa niŋ o Undergraduate Education University of Cape Coast  ni ka o daa ni O Bachelor of Arts Economic, Geography mini Education puuni. Yuuni 1980 mini 1981 sunsuni o daa nyɛla ŋun niŋ o Post Graduate Certificate Budgeting mini Finance Management puuni ka di nyɛla Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration ka o niŋ li. Yuuni 1985 mini 1986 puuni o daa niŋ Post Graduate Certificate zaŋ jɛndi  Planning and Resource Management,  o daa niŋli University of Maryland, College Park, United States.

== Tuma ==

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Ministers for the interior of Ghana]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of Ghana]]
[[Category:University of Cape Coast alumni]]
[[Category:University of Maryland, College Park alumni]]
[[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to South Africa]]&lt;!-- residence is Pretoria--&gt;
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to the Comoros]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Eswatini]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Lesotho]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Mauritius]]
[[Category:St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast) alumni]]
[[Category:Prempeh College alumni]]</text>
      <sha1>93726t60d94qvqtqiyaayuq4iaooc86</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>135954</id>
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        <username>Maltima Rabia</username>
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      <text bytes="2504" sha1="pe0w95ar6kpcdtmer55vs2y2n4p94xv" xml:space="preserve">Kwesi Ahwoi nyɛla Ghana siyaasa nira, ŋun daa na nyɛ Ghana Minister for Interior Kwasi Ahwoi ( bi dɔɣi o Silimi gɔli November biɣu pia ni ayopoin dali yuuni 1946) nyɛla Interior Minister kuro n ti Ghana. Yuuni 2015 o nyɛla bini piigi so tuuli ambassador n ti Comoros, o na mi lahi niŋ Ghana ambassador n ti tiŋduya dibaa anahi;

== Piligu Biɛhigu mini Shikuru baŋsim ==
Kwasi Ahwoi chaŋla Prempeh College din bɛ Kumasi maa shɛli polo o ni daa dɛigi O GCE Ordinary Level yuuni 1965 puuni. O shikuru din pahiri ayobu daa nyɛla St. Augustine's College ( Cape Coast) ni ka O daa niŋ O GCE Advance Level yuuni 1967 puuni. O daa niŋ o Undergraduate Education University of Cape Coast  ni ka o daa ni O Bachelor of Arts Economic, Geography mini Education puuni. Yuuni 1980 mini 1981 sunsuni o daa nyɛla ŋun niŋ o Post Graduate Certificate Budgeting mini Finance Management puuni ka di nyɛla Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration ka o niŋ li. Yuuni 1985 mini 1986 puuni o daa niŋ Post Graduate Certificate zaŋ jɛndi  Planning and Resource Management,  o daa niŋli University of Maryland, College Park, United States.

== Tuma ==
Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun na mi mali yaa gomlanti tumanima mini daabiligu polo. Ŋun n daa nyɛ Chief Executive Officer n ti Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Rawlings ʒimana maa saha. A yi doli silimi gɔli December yuuni 2008 la pibupibu lani O daa nyɛla bini piigi so Minister n ti bindirigu mini pukparim yaɣali ( Minister for Food mini Agriculture)  ka di nyɛla John Atta Mills n daa piigi o. Silimi gɔli January yuuni 2013 puuni,Ahwoidaa nyɛla John Dramani Mahama ni piigi so Minister of Interior n ti Ghana. O daa nyɛla ŋun gbebi lala toontali maa hali ni silimi gɔli July biɣu pia ni ayobu yuuni 2014 puuni.

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Ministers for the interior of Ghana]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of Ghana]]
[[Category:University of Cape Coast alumni]]
[[Category:University of Maryland, College Park alumni]]
[[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to South Africa]]&lt;!-- residence is Pretoria--&gt;
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to the Comoros]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Eswatini]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Lesotho]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Mauritius]]
[[Category:St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast) alumni]]
[[Category:Prempeh College alumni]]</text>
      <sha1>pe0w95ar6kpcdtmer55vs2y2n4p94xv</sha1>
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      <text bytes="2678" sha1="atqxp2otamlzc7b6eny78ktr199j77i" xml:space="preserve">Kwesi Ahwoi nyɛla Ghana siyaasa nira, ŋun daa na nyɛ Ghana Minister for Interior Kwasi Ahwoi ( bi dɔɣi o Silimi gɔli November biɣu pia ni ayopoin dali yuuni 1946) nyɛla Interior Minister kuro n ti Ghana. Yuuni 2015 o nyɛla bini piigi so tuuli ambassador n ti Comoros, o na mi lahi niŋ Ghana ambassador n ti tiŋduya dibaa anahi;

== Piligu Biɛhigu mini Shikuru baŋsim ==
Kwasi Ahwoi chaŋla Prempeh College din bɛ Kumasi maa shɛli polo o ni daa dɛigi O GCE Ordinary Level yuuni 1965 puuni. O shikuru din pahiri ayobu daa nyɛla St. Augustine's College ( Cape Coast) ni ka O daa niŋ O GCE Advance Level yuuni 1967 puuni. O daa niŋ o Undergraduate Education University of Cape Coast  ni ka o daa ni O Bachelor of Arts Economic, Geography mini Education puuni. Yuuni 1980 mini 1981 sunsuni o daa nyɛla ŋun niŋ o Post Graduate Certificate Budgeting mini Finance Management puuni ka di nyɛla Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration ka o niŋ li. Yuuni 1985 mini 1986 puuni o daa niŋ Post Graduate Certificate zaŋ jɛndi  Planning and Resource Management,  o daa niŋli University of Maryland, College Park, United States.

== Tuma ==
Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun na mi mali yaa gomlanti tumanima mini daabiligu polo. Ŋun n daa nyɛ Chief Executive Officer n ti Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Rawlings ʒimana maa saha. A yi doli silimi gɔli December yuuni 2008 la pibupibu lani O daa nyɛla bini piigi so Minister n ti bindirigu mini pukparim yaɣali ( Minister for Food mini Agriculture)  ka di nyɛla John Atta Mills n daa piigi o. Silimi gɔli January yuuni 2013 puuni,Ahwoidaa nyɛla John Dramani Mahama ni piigi so Minister of Interior n ti Ghana. O daa nyɛla ŋun gbebi lala toontali maa hali ni silimi gɔli July biɣu pia ni ayobu yuuni 2014 puuni.

Maŋ biɛbigu

Kwasi Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun daa mali paɣa ni bihi ayopion. Kwasi Ahwoi mini Ato Ahwoi,  niri ni o nyɛli daa nyɛla ban zaa nyɛ kpamli Rawlings gomlanti saha.

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Ministers for the interior of Ghana]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of Ghana]]
[[Category:University of Cape Coast alumni]]
[[Category:University of Maryland, College Park alumni]]
[[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to South Africa]]&lt;!-- residence is Pretoria--&gt;
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to the Comoros]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Eswatini]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Lesotho]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Mauritius]]
[[Category:St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast) alumni]]
[[Category:Prempeh College alumni]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2683" sha1="mmr1mxuinefyurezr50etb6cp5lw5j0" xml:space="preserve">Kwesi Ahwoi nyɛla Ghana siyaasa nira, ŋun daa na nyɛ Ghana Minister for Interior Kwasi Ahwoi ( bi dɔɣi o Silimi gɔli November biɣu pia ni ayopoin dali yuuni 1946) nyɛla Interior Minister kuro n ti Ghana. Yuuni 2015 o nyɛla bini piigi so tuuli ambassador n ti Comoros, o na mi lahi niŋ Ghana ambassador n ti tiŋduya dibaa anahi;

== Piligu Biɛhigu mini Shikuru baŋsim ==
Kwasi Ahwoi chaŋla Prempeh College din bɛ Kumasi maa shɛli polo o ni daa dɛigi O GCE Ordinary Level yuuni 1965 puuni. O shikuru din pahiri ayobu daa nyɛla St. Augustine's College ( Cape Coast) ni ka O daa niŋ O GCE Advance Level yuuni 1967 puuni. O daa niŋ o Undergraduate Education University of Cape Coast  ni ka o daa ni O Bachelor of Arts Economic, Geography mini Education puuni. Yuuni 1980 mini 1981 sunsuni o daa nyɛla ŋun niŋ o Post Graduate Certificate Budgeting mini Finance Management puuni ka di nyɛla Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration ka o niŋ li. Yuuni 1985 mini 1986 puuni o daa niŋ Post Graduate Certificate zaŋ jɛndi  Planning and Resource Management,  o daa niŋli University of Maryland, College Park, United States.

== Tuma ==
Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun na mi mali yaa gomlanti tumanima mini daabiligu polo. Ŋun n daa nyɛ Chief Executive Officer n ti Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Rawlings ʒimana maa saha. A yi doli silimi gɔli December yuuni 2008 la pibupibu lani O daa nyɛla bini piigi so Minister n ti bindirigu mini pukparim yaɣali ( Minister for Food mini Agriculture)  ka di nyɛla John Atta Mills n daa piigi o. Silimi gɔli January yuuni 2013 puuni,Ahwoidaa nyɛla John Dramani Mahama ni piigi so Minister of Interior n ti Ghana. O daa nyɛla ŋun gbebi lala toontali maa hali ni silimi gɔli July biɣu pia ni ayobu yuuni 2014 puuni.

== Maŋ biɛbigu ==
Kwasi Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun daa mali paɣa ni bihi ayopion. Kwasi Ahwoi mini Ato Ahwoi,  niri ni o nyɛli daa nyɛla ban zaa nyɛ kpamli Rawlings gomlanti saha.

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Ministers for the interior of Ghana]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of Ghana]]
[[Category:University of Cape Coast alumni]]
[[Category:University of Maryland, College Park alumni]]
[[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to South Africa]]&lt;!-- residence is Pretoria--&gt;
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to the Comoros]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Eswatini]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Lesotho]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Mauritius]]
[[Category:St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast) alumni]]
[[Category:Prempeh College alumni]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2729" sha1="agw087zcfi8yypj1t3fzlhk5hhwydsc" xml:space="preserve">Kwesi Ahwoi nyɛla Ghana siyaasa nira, ŋun daa na nyɛ Ghana Minister for Interior Kwasi Ahwoi ( bi dɔɣi o Silimi gɔli November biɣu pia ni ayopoin dali yuuni 1946) nyɛla Interior Minister kuro n ti Ghana. Yuuni 2015 o nyɛla bini piigi so tuuli ambassador n ti Comoros, o na mi lahi niŋ Ghana ambassador n ti tiŋduya dibaa anahi; Lesotho, Mauritius, Seychelles and Swaziland.

== Piligu Biɛhigu mini Shikuru baŋsim ==
Kwasi Ahwoi chaŋla Prempeh College din bɛ Kumasi maa shɛli polo o ni daa dɛigi O GCE Ordinary Level yuuni 1965 puuni. O shikuru din pahiri ayobu daa nyɛla St. Augustine's College ( Cape Coast) ni ka O daa niŋ O GCE Advance Level yuuni 1967 puuni. O daa niŋ o Undergraduate Education University of Cape Coast  ni ka o daa ni O Bachelor of Arts Economic, Geography mini Education puuni. Yuuni 1980 mini 1981 sunsuni o daa nyɛla ŋun niŋ o Post Graduate Certificate Budgeting mini Finance Management puuni ka di nyɛla Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration ka o niŋ li. Yuuni 1985 mini 1986 puuni o daa niŋ Post Graduate Certificate zaŋ jɛndi  Planning and Resource Management,  o daa niŋli University of Maryland, College Park, United States.

== Tuma ==
Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun na mi mali yaa gomlanti tumanima mini daabiligu polo. Ŋun n daa nyɛ Chief Executive Officer n ti Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Rawlings ʒimana maa saha. A yi doli silimi gɔli December yuuni 2008 la pibupibu lani O daa nyɛla bini piigi so Minister n ti bindirigu mini pukparim yaɣali ( Minister for Food mini Agriculture)  ka di nyɛla John Atta Mills n daa piigi o. Silimi gɔli January yuuni 2013 puuni,Ahwoidaa nyɛla John Dramani Mahama ni piigi so Minister of Interior n ti Ghana. O daa nyɛla ŋun gbebi lala toontali maa hali ni silimi gɔli July biɣu pia ni ayobu yuuni 2014 puuni.

== Maŋ biɛbigu ==
Kwasi Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun daa mali paɣa ni bihi ayopion. Kwasi Ahwoi mini Ato Ahwoi,  niri ni o nyɛli daa nyɛla ban zaa nyɛ kpamli Rawlings gomlanti saha.

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Ministers for the interior of Ghana]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of Ghana]]
[[Category:University of Cape Coast alumni]]
[[Category:University of Maryland, College Park alumni]]
[[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to South Africa]]&lt;!-- residence is Pretoria--&gt;
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to the Comoros]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Eswatini]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Lesotho]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Mauritius]]
[[Category:St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast) alumni]]
[[Category:Prempeh College alumni]]</text>
      <sha1>agw087zcfi8yypj1t3fzlhk5hhwydsc</sha1>
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      <id>135961</id>
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        <username>Maltima Rabia</username>
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      <text bytes="3512" sha1="9yn7dgmlc0z1ny013gn9e24y3juq426" xml:space="preserve">Kwesi Ahwoi nyɛla Ghana siyaasa nira, ŋun daa na nyɛ Ghana Minister for Interior Kwasi Ahwoi ( bi dɔɣi o Silimi gɔli November biɣu pia ni ayopoin dali yuuni 1946) nyɛla Interior Minister kuro n ti Ghana. Yuuni 2015 o nyɛla bini piigi so tuuli ambassador n ti Comoros, o na mi lahi niŋ Ghana ambassador n ti tiŋduya dibaa anahi; Lesotho, Mauritius, Seychelles and Swaziland.

== Piligu Biɛhigu mini Shikuru baŋsim ==
Kwasi Ahwoi chaŋla Prempeh College din bɛ Kumasi maa shɛli polo o ni daa dɛigi O GCE Ordinary Level yuuni 1965 puuni. O shikuru din pahiri ayobu daa nyɛla St. Augustine's College ( Cape Coast) ni ka O daa niŋ O GCE Advance Level yuuni 1967 puuni. O daa niŋ o Undergraduate Education University of Cape Coast  ni ka o daa ni O Bachelor of Arts Economic, Geography mini Education puuni. Yuuni 1980 mini 1981 sunsuni o daa nyɛla ŋun niŋ o Post Graduate Certificate Budgeting mini Finance Management puuni ka di nyɛla Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration ka o niŋ li. Yuuni 1985 mini 1986 puuni o daa niŋ Post Graduate Certificate zaŋ jɛndi  Planning and Resource Management,  o daa niŋli University of Maryland, College Park, United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana.GOV : The Ghana Government Official Web Portal {{!}} Ghana.GOV|url=https://www.ghana.gov.gh/|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.ghana.gov.gh}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tuma ==
Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun na mi mali yaa gomlanti tumanima mini daabiligu polo. Ŋun n daa nyɛ Chief Executive Officer n ti Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Rawlings ʒimana maa saha. A yi doli silimi gɔli December yuuni 2008 la pibupibu lani O daa nyɛla bini piigi so Minister n ti bindirigu mini pukparim yaɣali ( Minister for Food mini Agriculture)  ka di nyɛla John Atta Mills n daa piigi o. Silimi gɔli January yuuni 2013 puuni,Ahwoidaa nyɛla John Dramani Mahama ni piigi so Minister of Interior n ti Ghana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana.GOV : The Ghana Government Official Web Portal {{!}} Ghana.GOV|url=https://www.ghana.gov.gh/|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.ghana.gov.gh}}&lt;/ref&gt; O daa nyɛla ŋun gbebi lala toontali maa hali ni silimi gɔli July biɣu pia ni ayobu yuuni 2014 puuni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ministerial reshuffle: Spio rejoins gov't|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=317164|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Maŋ biɛbigu ==
Kwasi Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun daa mali paɣa ni bihi ayopion.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kwasi Ahwoi mini Ato Ahwoi,  niri ni o nyɛli daa nyɛla ban zaa nyɛ kpamli Rawlings gomlanti saha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Mills grind slowly|url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/article-preview/id/3056/No-Title|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.africa-confidential.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Ministers for the interior of Ghana]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of Ghana]]
[[Category:University of Cape Coast alumni]]
[[Category:University of Maryland, College Park alumni]]
[[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to South Africa]]&lt;!-- residence is Pretoria--&gt;
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to the Comoros]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Eswatini]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Lesotho]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Mauritius]]
[[Category:St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast) alumni]]
[[Category:Prempeh College alumni]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>135962</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Maltima Rabia</username>
        <id>5146</id>
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      <text bytes="3630" sha1="gmfendyhmtkdrqs5fluxixxbwxv2sd4" xml:space="preserve">Kwesi Ahwoi nyɛla Ghana siyaasa nira, ŋun daa na nyɛ Ghana Minister for Interior Kwasi Ahwoi ( bi dɔɣi o Silimi gɔli [[November]] biɣu pia ni ayopoin dali yuuni 1946) nyɛla Interior Minister kuro n ti [[Ghana]]. Yuuni 2015 o nyɛla bini piigi so tuuli ambassador n ti Comoros, o na mi lahi niŋ Ghana ambassador n ti tiŋduya dibaa anahi; [[Lesotho]], [[Mauritius]], [[Seychelles]] mini [[Swaziland]].

== Piligu Biɛhigu mini Shikuru baŋsim ==
Kwasi Ahwoi chaŋla [[Prempeh College]] din bɛ [[Kumasi]] maa shɛli polo o ni daa dɛigi O GCE Ordinary Level yuuni 1965 puuni. O shikuru din pahiri ayobu daa nyɛla  '''[[St Augustine's College|St. Augustine's Colleg]]'''e [[Cape Coast|( Cape Coast]]) ni ka O daa niŋ O GCE Advance Level yuuni 1967 puuni. O daa niŋ o Undergraduate Education [[University of Cape Coast]]  ni ka o daa ni O Bachelor of Arts Economic, Geography mini Education puuni. Yuuni 1980 mini 1981 sunsuni o daa nyɛla ŋun niŋ o Post Graduate Certificate Budgeting mini Finance Management puuni ka di nyɛla [[Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration]] ka o niŋ li. Yuuni 1985 mini 1986 puuni o daa niŋ Post Graduate Certificate zaŋ jɛndi  Planning and Resource Management,  o daa niŋli University of Maryland, College Park, [[United States]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana.GOV : The Ghana Government Official Web Portal {{!}} Ghana.GOV|url=https://www.ghana.gov.gh/|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.ghana.gov.gh}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tuma ==
Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun na mi mali yaa gomlanti tumanima mini daabiligu polo. Ŋun n daa nyɛ Chief Executive Officer n ti Ghana Investment Promotion Centre [[Rawlins|Rawlings]] ʒimana maa saha. A yi doli silimi gɔli [[December]] yuuni 2008 la pibupibu lani O daa nyɛla bini piigi so Minister n ti bindirigu mini pukparim yaɣali ( Minister for Food mini Agriculture)  ka di nyɛla John Atta Mills n daa piigi o. Silimi gɔli [[January]] yuuni 2013 puuni,Ahwoidaa nyɛla [[John Dramani Mahama]] ni piigi so Minister of Interior n ti Ghana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana.GOV : The Ghana Government Official Web Portal {{!}} Ghana.GOV|url=https://www.ghana.gov.gh/|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.ghana.gov.gh}}&lt;/ref&gt; O daa nyɛla ŋun gbebi lala toontali maa hali ni silimi gɔli July biɣu pia ni ayobu yuuni 2014 puuni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ministerial reshuffle: Spio rejoins gov't|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=317164|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Maŋ biɛbigu ==
Kwasi Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun daa mali paɣa ni bihi ayopion.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kwasi Ahwoi mini Ato Ahwoi,  niri ni o nyɛli daa nyɛla ban zaa nyɛ kpamli Rawlings gomlanti saha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Mills grind slowly|url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/article-preview/id/3056/No-Title|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.africa-confidential.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Ministers for the interior of Ghana]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of Ghana]]
[[Category:University of Cape Coast alumni]]
[[Category:University of Maryland, College Park alumni]]
[[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to South Africa]]&lt;!-- residence is Pretoria--&gt;
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to the Comoros]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Eswatini]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Lesotho]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Mauritius]]
[[Category:St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast) alumni]]
[[Category:Prempeh College alumni]]</text>
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      <id>135963</id>
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        <id>5146</id>
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      <comment>Bold a text</comment>
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      <text bytes="3636" sha1="ofjhlsv1n0lhkw193kpyxtwj21zcz9k" xml:space="preserve">Kwesi Ahwoi nyɛla Ghana siyaasa nira, ŋun daa na nyɛ Ghana Minister for Interior '''Kwasi Ahwoi''' ( bi dɔɣi o Silimi gɔli [[November]] biɣu pia ni ayopoin dali yuuni 1946) nyɛla Interior Minister kuro n ti [[Ghana]]. Yuuni 2015 o nyɛla bini piigi so tuuli ambassador n ti Comoros, o na mi lahi niŋ Ghana ambassador n ti tiŋduya dibaa anahi; [[Lesotho]], [[Mauritius]], [[Seychelles]] mini [[Swaziland]].

== Piligu Biɛhigu mini Shikuru baŋsim ==
Kwasi Ahwoi chaŋla [[Prempeh College]] din bɛ [[Kumasi]] maa shɛli polo o ni daa dɛigi O GCE Ordinary Level yuuni 1965 puuni. O shikuru din pahiri ayobu daa nyɛla  '''[[St Augustine's College|St. Augustine's Colleg]]'''e [[Cape Coast|( Cape Coast]]) ni ka O daa niŋ O GCE Advance Level yuuni 1967 puuni. O daa niŋ o Undergraduate Education [[University of Cape Coast]]  ni ka o daa ni O Bachelor of Arts Economic, Geography mini Education puuni. Yuuni 1980 mini 1981 sunsuni o daa nyɛla ŋun niŋ o Post Graduate Certificate Budgeting mini Finance Management puuni ka di nyɛla [[Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration]] ka o niŋ li. Yuuni 1985 mini 1986 puuni o daa niŋ Post Graduate Certificate zaŋ jɛndi  Planning and Resource Management,  o daa niŋli University of Maryland, College Park, [[United States]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana.GOV : The Ghana Government Official Web Portal {{!}} Ghana.GOV|url=https://www.ghana.gov.gh/|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.ghana.gov.gh}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tuma ==
Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun na mi mali yaa gomlanti tumanima mini daabiligu polo. Ŋun n daa nyɛ Chief Executive Officer n ti Ghana Investment Promotion Centre [[Rawlins|Rawlings]] ʒimana maa saha. A yi doli silimi gɔli [[December]] yuuni 2008 la pibupibu lani O daa nyɛla bini piigi so Minister n ti bindirigu mini pukparim yaɣali ( Minister for Food mini Agriculture)  ka di nyɛla John Atta Mills n daa piigi o. Silimi gɔli [[January]] yuuni 2013 puuni,Ahwoidaa nyɛla [[John Dramani Mahama]] ni piigi so Minister of Interior n ti Ghana.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana.GOV : The Ghana Government Official Web Portal {{!}} Ghana.GOV|url=https://www.ghana.gov.gh/|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.ghana.gov.gh}}&lt;/ref&gt; O daa nyɛla ŋun gbebi lala toontali maa hali ni silimi gɔli July biɣu pia ni ayobu yuuni 2014 puuni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ministerial reshuffle: Spio rejoins gov't|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=317164|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Maŋ biɛbigu ==
Kwasi Ahwoi nyɛla ŋun daa mali paɣa ni bihi ayopion.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kwasi Ahwoi mini Ato Ahwoi,  niri ni o nyɛli daa nyɛla ban zaa nyɛ kpamli Rawlings gomlanti saha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Mills grind slowly|url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/article-preview/id/3056/No-Title|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.africa-confidential.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Ministers for the interior of Ghana]]
[[Category:Agriculture ministers of Ghana]]
[[Category:University of Cape Coast alumni]]
[[Category:University of Maryland, College Park alumni]]
[[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to South Africa]]&lt;!-- residence is Pretoria--&gt;
[[Category:Ambassadors of Ghana to the Comoros]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Eswatini]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Lesotho]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Ghana to Mauritius]]
[[Category:St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast) alumni]]
[[Category:Prempeh College alumni]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Asanteman Senior High School</title>
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        <username>Maltima Rabia</username>
        <id>5146</id>
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      <text bytes="3589" sha1="j5u1lpmp65m2t1fvivof85hy8fped42" xml:space="preserve">Asanteman Senior High School ( sokam ni mi shɛli Asass la)  karimbisarinsi karinzoŋdin bɛ kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana tiŋgbani.

Shikuru maa nyɛla Ashanti Empire nim ni su shɛli, ka Asantehene nyɛ shikuru maa patron.

Shikurubihi maa nyɛla bini mi shɛba Nananom, kamboŋsili bachi n bala la di gbeni nyɛ Nanima mini Napaɣaba, din nyɛ din tabi Ashanti tiŋgbani maa zuɣu, shikuru maa nyɛla din bi zaŋ di kaya ni taɣada dɛim. Shikuru maa nyɛla din zaŋ di maŋ zali ni di wumsirila Nanima mini Napaɣaba, din zuɣu bi nyɛla ban mali Ashanti kali n wuhiriba. Di zuɣu ka so yi naagi lala shikuru maa nyɛla bini bolindi shɛba Nana ka di gbeni nyɛ Nanima mini Napaɣaba.

== Labi lihi (Overview ) ==
Ghana Education Service nim ni pu shikuriti maa di nyɛla bini zaŋ shɛli niŋ category A. Yuuni pia ni ayopoin din gari la Shikuru maa nyɛla din kpaŋ bi maŋ shikuru maa baŋsim bobu polo n ti di dɛima ni yiŋjam. Di daa nyɛla din doo bu nahi zuɣu di yi kana Ashanti Region Wassec ni yuuni 2014.

Yuuni pia din gari maa ni Shikuru maa nyɛla din dondi bu pia ni ayobu mini bu pishi ni ayi sunsuni shikuriti kɔbiga ni pihita ni anii puuni di yi kanaAshanti Region  West African Senior High School Certificate Examination. Shikurubihi maa pan nyɛla ban Tuhiri bi shikuru n chaŋ Tertiary shikuriti yuuni kam. Kɔbiga puuni vaabu 70din puuni nyɛla ban chani University of  Cape Coast.

== Taarihi ==
Ashanti Youth Association ni n daa kpa lala  karimbisarinsi karinzoŋ  maa yuuni 1954ka di nyɛla shikuru shɛli bihi maa ni chani ka kuna ka bi daliri nyɛmi bi daa borila karimbisarinsi shikururiti ni pahi Ashanti Region.  Shikuru maa daa nyɛla din bɛ AYA nuni hali ni yuuni 1962 ka gomlanti daa dɛigi di sulinsi ka din saha maa ka di daa zoogi, si daa malila stream yinga ka di pa niŋ stream dibaa ata yuuni 1980s. Saha ŋɔ shikuru maa pa malila stream pia duri ata maa zaa ni , ka bi mali shikurubihi 1500, karimbanima 65 mini ban tumdi shikuru maa ni n pahi karimbanima zuɣu nyɛ pishi ni awiɔ (29).

Shikuru maa  n daa nyɛ shikuru din pahiri shikuriti anahi bini daa kpa shɛli Ashanti Region ka di nyɛ bini daa kpa shɛli yuuni 1954 puuni.

== Shikurubihi maa biɛhigu shɛi ==
Shikurubihi maa shɛb daa nyɛla ban gbera Shikuru maa ni ka shɛm mi kuna. Shikurubihi ban kalinli yiŋsi vaabu 70% daa nyɛla ban gbera shikurumaa ni. Shikurubihi maa nyɛla bini pu shɛba. Bi daa pu la bidibisi maa bu Yobu zuɣu, ka pu bipuɣisi maa gba bu yobu zuɣu din yɛn chɛ ka bi mali jahi, din zuɣu bi shikurubihi maa pubu maa daa nyɛla pubu pia ni ayi. Bi pubu maa daa  nyɛla bini ti shɛŋa yuya, ka di nyɛla bi na kura mini napaɣa kura yuya ka bi zaŋ n ti lala pubu maa  ka di shɛŋa daa nyɛ yu pahi n ti Ashanti Region senior high shikuriti. 

Bidibisi maa pubu yuya, bipuɣisi maa gba pubu yuya; Akatakyie House Adehyee House 2. Mmarima House Ahemaa House 3. Akunini House Owoahene House 4. Amanfour House Osiahene House 5. Abrempong House Nnwuraba House 6. Osahene House Ahoufe House

Shikurubihi maa daa nyɛla ban ti yaɣa maa shɛŋa yupahi kamani Trafford, Bangladesh, Melcom mini Kejetia. Bi state-of-the-art du yini shɛli bɛ shikuru maa ka bi bolili Golden Tulip, ka di nyɛla din ŋmani tiŋgbani maa four-star hotel. 

== Niya ==
[[Category:1954 establishments in the Gold Coast (British colony)]]
[[Category:Co-educational boarding schools]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1954]]
[[Category:High schools in Ghana]]
[[Category:Education in Kumasi]]
[[Category:Public schools in Ghana]]

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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    <revision>
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      <text bytes="3713" sha1="m3lp8pdis2in96udivv4alc3vytrkmd" xml:space="preserve">Asanteman Senior High School ( sokam ni mi shɛli Asass la)  karimbisarinsi karinzoŋdin bɛ kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana tiŋgbani.

Shikuru maa nyɛla Ashanti Empire nim ni su shɛli, ka Asantehene nyɛ shikuru maa patron.

Shikurubihi maa nyɛla bini mi shɛba Nananom, kamboŋsili bachi n bala la di gbeni nyɛ Nanima mini Napaɣaba, din nyɛ din tabi Ashanti tiŋgbani maa zuɣu, shikuru maa nyɛla din bi zaŋ di kaya ni taɣada dɛim. Shikuru maa nyɛla din zaŋ di maŋ zali ni di wumsirila Nanima mini Napaɣaba, din zuɣu bi nyɛla ban mali Ashanti kali n wuhiriba. Di zuɣu ka so yi naagi lala shikuru maa nyɛla bini bolindi shɛba Nana ka di gbeni nyɛ Nanima mini Napaɣaba.

== Labi lihi (Overview ) ==
Ghana Education Service nim ni pu shikuriti maa di nyɛla bini zaŋ shɛli niŋ category A. Yuuni pia ni ayopoin din gari la Shikuru maa nyɛla din kpaŋ bi maŋ shikuru maa baŋsim bobu polo n ti di dɛima ni yiŋjam. Di daa nyɛla din doo bu nahi zuɣu di yi kana Ashanti Region Wassec ni yuuni 2014.

Yuuni pia din gari maa ni Shikuru maa nyɛla din dondi bu pia ni ayobu mini bu pishi ni ayi sunsuni shikuriti kɔbiga ni pihita ni anii puuni di yi kanaAshanti Region  West African Senior High School Certificate Examination. Shikurubihi maa pan nyɛla ban Tuhiri bi shikuru n chaŋ Tertiary shikuriti yuuni kam. Kɔbiga puuni vaabu 70din puuni nyɛla ban chani University of  Cape Coast.

== Taarihi ==
Ashanti Youth Association ni n daa kpa lala  karimbisarinsi karinzoŋ  maa yuuni 1954ka di nyɛla shikuru shɛli bihi maa ni chani ka kuna ka bi daliri nyɛmi bi daa borila karimbisarinsi shikururiti ni pahi Ashanti Region.  Shikuru maa daa nyɛla din bɛ AYA nuni hali ni yuuni 1962 ka gomlanti daa dɛigi di sulinsi ka din saha maa ka di daa zoogi, si daa malila stream yinga ka di pa niŋ stream dibaa ata yuuni 1980s. Saha ŋɔ shikuru maa pa malila stream pia duri ata maa zaa ni , ka bi mali shikurubihi 1500, karimbanima 65 mini ban tumdi shikuru maa ni n pahi karimbanima zuɣu nyɛ pishi ni awiɔ (29).

Shikuru maa  n daa nyɛ shikuru din pahiri shikuriti anahi bini daa kpa shɛli Ashanti Region ka di nyɛ bini daa kpa shɛli yuuni 1954 puuni.

== Shikurubihi maa biɛhigu shɛi ==
Shikurubihi maa shɛb daa nyɛla ban gbera Shikuru maa ni ka shɛm mi kuna. Shikurubihi ban kalinli yiŋsi vaabu 70% daa nyɛla ban gbera shikurumaa ni. Shikurubihi maa nyɛla bini pu shɛba. Bi daa pu la bidibisi maa bu Yobu zuɣu, ka pu bipuɣisi maa gba bu yobu zuɣu din yɛn chɛ ka bi mali jahi, din zuɣu bi shikurubihi maa pubu maa daa nyɛla pubu pia ni ayi. Bi pubu maa daa  nyɛla bini ti shɛŋa yuya, ka di nyɛla bi na kura mini napaɣa kura yuya ka bi zaŋ n ti lala pubu maa  ka di shɛŋa daa nyɛ yu pahi n ti Ashanti Region senior high shikuriti. 

Bidibisi maa pubu yuya, bipuɣisi maa gba pubu yuya; Akatakyie House Adehyee House 2. Mmarima House Ahemaa House 3. Akunini House Owoahene House 4. Amanfour House Osiahene House 5. Abrempong House Nnwuraba House 6. Osahene House Ahoufe House

Shikurubihi maa daa nyɛla ban ti yaɣa maa shɛŋa yupahi kamani Trafford, Bangladesh, Melcom mini Kejetia. Bi state-of-the-art du yini shɛli bɛ shikuru maa ka bi bolili Golden Tulip, ka di nyɛla din ŋmani tiŋgbani maa four-star hotel. 

== Shikurubihi kura ban nyɛ asanzanima ==

* Kofi Jamar, musician
* Saddick Adams, sports journalist
* Sparqlyn, musician

== Niya ==
[[Category:1954 establishments in the Gold Coast (British colony)]]
[[Category:Co-educational boarding schools]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1954]]
[[Category:High schools in Ghana]]
[[Category:Education in Kumasi]]
[[Category:Public schools in Ghana]]

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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    <title>Mim Senior High School</title>
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'''Mim Senior High School''' so kam ni mi shɛli '''Misec''' la nyɛla karmbisarinsi karinzoŋdin ka di bɛ [[Ghana]]. Di nyɛla co-educational, non-denominational shikuru shɛli di mali karimbihi shɛba ban gbera shɛi mini ban kunaka di bɛ Mim Asunafo North Municipal District ka di bɛ Ahafo Region Ghana tiŋgbani. Di motto nyɛla &lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Let your light Shine&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=8 May 2018|title=Breaking news: Misec teachers strike over countless attacks|url=https://ahafonews.com/breaking-news-misec-teachers-strike-over-countless-attacks/|access-date=2020-05-04|publisher=Ahafonews}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=17 March 2021|title=SHS Courses / Programmes with their Future Jobs Opportunities in Ghana|url=https://golearnershub.com/shs-courses-programmes-with-their-future-jobs-opportunities-in-ghana/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Shikuru maa nyɛla ban niŋdi karimbaŋsim ŋun doya ŋɔ Business, Science, General arts, general agric, Home economic mini Visual arts ka di zuɣu chɛ ka bini tooi sabi West Africa Senior School Certificate Examination  (WASSCE).&lt;ref name=&quot;K-O-M road&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=30 November 2001|title=A Journey to the West|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/artikel.php?ID=40572|access-date=30 April 2008|publisher=ghanaweb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taarihi ==
Shikuru maa daa nyɛla bini kpa shɛli yuuni 1969 Mim tiŋgbani din bu Sunyani palli daa la zuɣu Ahafo Region Ghana. Di daa nyɛla din pili ni shikurubihi 70, bidibsi mini bipuɣisi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mim Senior High|url=https://myriaddigitalsolutions.com/seniorhighub/school/ahafo/mim.htm|access-date=2024-05-25|website=myriaddigitalsolutions.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Karimbakpema ==
Gabriel Fosu&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Ghana Web|date=25 May 2018|title=Let only aggregate 30 and below students enjoy Free SHS – Headmaster suggests|pages=1|work=Ghana Web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Let-only-aggregate-30-and-below-students-enjoy-Free-SHS-Headmaster-suggests-654861|access-date=25 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Asanza niriba ban nyɛ karimbihi kura ==

* Collins Dauda, Siyaasa nira
* Seiba Issifu, karimba&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=About Seiba Issifu – Asco Publications|url=https://ascopublications.com/about-seiba-issifu/|access-date=2024-05-25|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525145532/https://ascopublications.com/about-seiba-issifu/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Niyanima ==

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1969]]
[[Category:Brong-Ahafo Region]]
[[Category:High schools in Ghana]]
[[Category:1969 establishments in England]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sacred Heart Senior High School</title>
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'''Sacred Heart Senior High School'''  ( '''SAHESS''') nyɛla bipiɣinsi noli  karimbisarinsi karinzoŋ din za Nsoatre din bɛ [[Sunyani]] West Municipal District, [[Bono Region]] [[Ghana]] tiŋgbani.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sacred Heart Senior High, Nsoatre {{!}} SchoolsInGh.com|url=https://schoolsingh.com/senior-high-schools/sacred-heart-senior-high-nsoatre/about|access-date=2026-05-09|website=schoolsInGh|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-10|title=“We will do everything to create opportunities for you” – Education Minister to students - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/we-will-do-everything-to-create-opportunity-for-you-education-minister-to-students/|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2016-10-08|title=72 Individuals, institutions honoured at Teacher Awards|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/72-individuals-institutions-honoured-at-teacher-awards.html|access-date=2026-05-09|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-06-23|title=Students exhibit knowledge on environmental degradation|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/education/students-exhibit-knowledge-on-environmental-degradation.html|access-date=2026-05-09|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Yuuni 2022 puuni, Shikuru maa daa nyɛla din di tuuli maiden Insurance quiz competition shɛli National Insurance Commission nim ni daa kpa shɛli Bono Region maa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-26|title=Sacred Heart SHS adjudged winner of Insurance Quiz {{!}} NewsGhana|url=https://www.newsghana.com.gh/sacred-heart-shs-adjudged-winner-of-insurance-quiz/|access-date=2026-05-09|website=https://www.newsghana.com.gh/|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-10-26|title=NIC Commissioner commends Sacred Heart SHS for winning maiden Insurance Quiz Competition - MyJoyOnline|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/nic-commissioner-commends-sacred-heart-shs-for-winning-maiden-insurance-quiz-competition/|access-date=2026-05-09|website=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Taarihi ==
Shikuruaa nyɛla bini daa kpa shɛli yuuni 1977. Ka gomlanti daa naayi dɛi di sulinsi yuuni 1984 puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Navrongo Senior High School</title>
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'''Navrongo Senior High School''' nyɛla karimbisarinsi karinzoŋ din be [[Navrongo]] ka di nyɛ bini daa zali shɛli silimi gɔli September yuuni 1960 ka di nyɛla Ghana tuuli Gomlanti Osagyefo Dr. [[Kwame Nkrumah]]. Bi daa  bolili la '''President's College'''. Gomlanti maa daa yɛli o niya ni lala shikuru maa ni lɛbi shikuru karili north yaɣali ŋɔ ka yɛli ni o ni zaŋ o zaŋsim ni di zoobu ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Online|first=Africa Schools|title=NAVRONGO SENIOR HIGH - News - Gallery - Videos - Events|url=http://www.africaschoolsonline.com/institute.php?ins_id=55|access-date=2026-05-01|website=www.africaschoolsonline.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di daa nyɛla bini pa bolidi shɛli '''Navrongo School (NAVASCO)'''. Bi matcot nyɛla bani, di nyɛla Northern Ghanaian anfooni kpani din wuhiri nam, yaa ni toontali. Shikuru maa taachi n nyɛ &lt;nowiki&gt;''LUX BOREALIS''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Latin ni m bala. Ka di gbɛni nyɛ neesim n ti North yaɣali( light of the north). Bi bolidi bi shikuru bihi kura maa NABIA  ka di gbɛni nyɛ tiŋbihi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ghana Broadcasting Corporation|url=https://www.gbcghana.com/1.8591533|access-date=2026-05-01|website=www.gbcghana.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Facilities ==
Navrongo nyɛla shikuru shɛli din pahi northern Ghana shikuru shɛŋa di gahim ka yi di ko di yi kana duri maa polo, din nyɛ talahi ka bi tooi kpehiri bihi pam. Di nyɛla din nyɛ Upper East shikuru kurili ka nyɛ gomlanti secondary shikuru shɛli din yi di ko ka nagban kpeeni kana, di nahi nyɛla ni pahi shikuruti ayobu northern Ghana din yi di ko. Yuuni 1979s, di daa nyɛla din yi polo ka di nyɛ bi pukparim baŋsim ka de nyɛ Mr. MacDonald ŋun daa nyɛ veteran Britain Educator kpaŋmaŋni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Navasco – The great school {{!}} Ghanaian Chronicle|url=http://thechronicle.com.gh/navasco-the-great-school|access-date=2026-05-01|website=thechronicle.com.gh|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shikuru maa nyɛla di mali mɔɣili ka bi malili n kuri bi kobu bukaata no Orchard din ka kantiŋ ka chɛ bi chapel maa. Shikuru maa nyɛla din niŋ zuɣusuŋ ka mali akanima zaŋ ti pukparim ka karimbanima mini ban pa karimbanima nyɛ ban kora dini. Bi mali dɛma dɛmbu shɛi ka bi boli kasadjan Sport Stadium. Bi mali kariŋzoŋ ka bi boli MacDonald Hall ka di nyɛla bi laɣimgu mini dɛma dɛmbu shɛi. Shikuru maa du shɛli bini boli Library nyɛla din suŋ shikuru maa mini tiŋgbani maa.yuun gbaliŋ. NAVASCO Workshop nyɛla din kpaŋdimaŋ ka bini ʒɛri bin shɛŋa n kperi shikuru maa ni bi yaɣala. Diyi kana Capinta tali bɛi weldertali tuma n ti shikuru maa bin yɛra maa pam nyɛla din niŋdi workshop maa puuni. Yuuni 2025 la puuni bi daa nyɛla ban mali shikurubihi biɛhigu shɛi pia ni anahi, din n daa nyɛ Kwegyir Aggrey, John F. Kennedy, Livingtone, Abatey, Ferguson, Garvey, Guggisberg, Nkrumah, Volta, and Abavana halls zaa nyɛla bidibisi biɛhigu shɛi. Slessor, Tono, Independence, and Luther King halls mi nyɛ bipuɣisi biɛhigu shɛi. Saha ŋɔ Shikuru bihi kura mini gomlanti nyɛla ban naagi karinzoŋ fin nyɛ giraminsa, NAVASCO Clinic ni Abavana ICT centre.    

== Academic ==
NAVASCO nyɛla ban niŋ baŋsim tabibi yaɣa kama Agricultural Science, General Science  General Business, General Arts, Visual Arts and Home Economics. Shikuru bihi mali soli ni bi piigi baŋsim yaɣa shɛli bini bora lala baŋsima ni ŋɔ puuni. Shikuru maa nyɛla din mali Science Laboratory din mali bohimbu binyɛra ni shikuru maa pu ni ka shikurubihi ban bohindi Science tabibi maa tooi mali bini bohim shɛli karizoŋni maa n tumdi tuma. Debating society nyɛla din yoogi n ti shikurubili kam amaa ban galisi di puuni nyɛla General Arts baŋsim yaɣali shikuru bihi ka bi tooi mali n bohindi fila di zamani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2016-05-23|title=NAVASCO overpowers AWESCO to win in Upper East debate - No Yawa|language=en-US|work=No Yawa|url=http://noyawagh.com/events/navasco-overpowers-awesco-win-upper-east-debate/|access-date=2026-05-01}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shikuru ŋun nyɛla tidu ŋɔ na yaɣa siyaasa nim pam ni naagi shikuru shɛli. Karimba nim ban gahim nyɛla ban wuhi NAVASCOshɛba n nyɛ Maths teacher so ŋun daa di pinil, Samuel Gaewu mini Ayi Kwei Armah ŋun daa wuhi ni maa yuuni 1960s sunsuni.

== Shikurubihi. ==
NAVACO nyɛla niriba ni piiri shikuru shɛli pam ka nyɛ din bɛ tooini n ti shikuru bihi pam north yaɣali mini tiŋgbani ŋɔ zaa. Ka di daliri nyɛmi bini mali kpaŋmaŋ zaŋ chaŋ bi baŋsim bobu polo, shikurubihi maa biɛhigu mini milinsi, mini bi biɛhi suma polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Appiah|first=Salomey|date=2013-03-22|title=Salomey Reports: WAEC honours students for excellence Daily Graphic March 15, 2013|url=https://salomeyappiah.blogspot.com/2013/03/waec-honours-students-for-excellence.html|access-date=2026-05-01|website=Salomey Reports}}&lt;/ref&gt; Shikurubihi ban chaŋ ni nyɛla ban pahira yuuni kam. NAVASCO nyɛla ban mali kalinli gahindili shɛli bini mali n tiri bi shikurubihi ka bi boli Folios. Shikurubili kam malila o kalinli so ka kalinli yini. Shikurubihi kura maa nyɛla ban mali Folios number nim maa n mali baŋdi taba. Lala folios system ŋɔ nyɛla din wuhiri ŋun daŋ chaŋ NAVASCO ka di nyɛla bini niŋdi li shɛma maa zuɣu. Shikuru maa nyɛla din mali Shikurubihi kura ban bɛ UK,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=OLD NAVASCANS UNION, UK|url=http://www.schoolius.com/school/100879636704726/OLD%20NAVASCANS%20UNION,%20UK|access-date=2026-05-01|website=www.schoolius.com|language=en|archive-date=2017-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202070039/http://www.schoolius.com/school/100879636704726/OLD%20NAVASCANS%20UNION,%20UK|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; North American  mini East Asia.

== Toontali ==
J.k. Fiegbor n daa nyɛ di tuuli Headmaster. Ka ban doya ŋun daa nyɛ ban doli o nyaaŋa, Agyemang Dickson, Crawford n ti pa Mr. C. G. MacDonald ŋun daa nyɛ sokam ni mi headmaster so. O daa nyɛla ŋun zaŋ o shikuru bihi maa m mɛ MacDonald hall, luɣu shɛŋa shikurubihi maa ni laɣinda. O kpaŋmaŋ ni Mathematics tabibi baŋsim yaɣali daa nyɛla din yaligi ka daa nyɛ din daa yoogi soli n ti shikurubihi pam ban daa mali baŋsim  ka bori ni bi yaligi bi Maths baŋsim yaɣali ka tooi chaŋ tooni . Mr. Adenze Kangah mini Mr. Alosius Alexis Abem gba daa nyɛla headmaster shɛba sokam ni ms hishikuru maani yuuni 1980s maa puuni poi ka Madam Katumi daa nyɛ ŋun piligi tuma yuuni 1990s o niya daa nyɛmi ni o kpaŋsi biɛhisuŋ ka kpaŋsi baŋsim. Mr. Tangonyire daa nyɛla ŋun dɛigi yuuni 2000s maa ni. Saha ŋɔ NAVASCO nyɛla Madam  Mercy Baba Chuweh ni pa nyɛ shɛli toondana.

== Shikurubihi kura ==
North yaɣali baŋdi kuɣula nyɛla ban naagi shikuru ŋɔ. Shɛba gba daa nyɛla ban yi Southern yaɣali Ghana puuni. Asazani ban nyɛ shikurubihi kura maa shɛba n nyɛ:

* [[Samson Lardy Anyenini]]
* [[Joseph Yieleh Chireh]]
* [[Hawa Yakubu]]
* Paul Afoko
* [[James Agalga]]
* [[Cletus Avoka]]
* John Ndebugre
* Gheysika Agambila
* [[Martin Amidu]]
* [[Haruna Iddrisu]]
* [[Ambrose Dery]]
* Issaku Salia
* Misbahu Mahama Adams
* [[Abdul-Rauf Tanko Ibrahim]]
* Adam Mahama
* [[Gaaga Akayeri Azitariga]]
* Henry Anthony Kwofie
* Gbiel Simon Suurbaareh
* Samuel Marful-Sau&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=DSpace Repository :: Home|url=https://repository.parliament.gh/|access-date=2026-05-01|website=repository.parliament.gh}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Michael Samson-Oje&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=ghananewsagency.org|url=https://forsale.godaddy.com/forsale/ghananewsagency.org?utm_source=TDFS_BINNS2&amp;utm_medium=parkedpages&amp;utm_campaign=x_corp_tdfs-binns2_base&amp;traffic_type=TDFS_BINNS2&amp;traffic_id=binns2&amp;oref=https://en.wikipedia.org/|access-date=2026-05-01|website=forsale.godaddy.com|language=fr|archive-date=2025-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251222225926/https://forsale.godaddy.com/forsale/ghananewsagency.org?utm_source=TDFS_BINNS2&amp;utm_medium=parkedpages&amp;utm_campaign=x_corp_tdfs-binns2_base&amp;traffic_type=TDFS_BINNS2&amp;traffic_id=binns2&amp;oref=https://en.wikipedia.org/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Henry Ford Kamel
* Roland Agambire&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=kikitek.blogspot.com|title=How Roland Agambire rose from Grass To Grace.|url=http://kikitek.blogspot.com/2015/02/how-roland-agambire-rose-from-grass-to.html|access-date=2026-05-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Amin Alhassan]]

== Taarihi ==
[[Category:High schools in Ghana]]
[[Category:Upper East Region]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1960]]
[[Category:1960 establishments in Ghana]]
== Kundivihira ==
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  <page>
    <title>Richard Gyan Mensah</title>
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'''Richard Gyan-Mensah'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-04-25|title=Richard Gyan Mensah|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2021/04/apam-five-arrested-others-shot-as-police-fight-illegal-speed-ramp-builders/richard-gyan-mensah/|access-date=2022-12-04|website=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; (bɛ dɔɣi o la silimiin goli  20 June 1982) ka o nyɛ [[Ghanaian|Ghana]] siyaasa nira ŋun nyɛ lɛm paati ([[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|National Democratic Congress]]). Ŋuni n-nyɛ jintɔra zaŋ ti [[Gomoa West (Ghana parliament constituency)|Gomoa West Constituency]] din be [[Central Region (Ghana)|Central Region]],[[Ghana]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Respect sensibilities of drowned teenagers families - Gomoa West MP tells media|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/respect-sensibilities-of-drowned-teenagers-families-gomoa-west-mp-tells-media.html|access-date=2022-01-19|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=GNA|title=Gomoah West MP consoles families of Apam Beach disaster {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/gomoah-west-mp-consoles-families-of-apam-beach-disaster/|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-19|website=News Ghana|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=FM|first=Peace|title=2020 Election - Gomoa West Constituency Results|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/gomoa_west/|access-date=2022-11-17|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archive-date=2024-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313170758/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/gomoa_west/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O piligu mini shikuru baŋsim bɔhimbu ==
Gyan nyɛla bɛ ni daa dɔɣi so silimiin goli 20 June 1982 ka o zooi [[Gomoa West District|Gomoa Assin Brofoyedur]] din be Central Region,Ghana. O daa naai la  [[West African Senior School Certificate Examination|SSSCE]] yuuni 2001,o daa bɔhim mi jɛndi daabiligu. Ka daa naai o &quot;bachelor's degree in accounting&quot; yuuni 2007. O daa lahi chaŋ tooni ti deei &quot;master's degree in accounting and finance&quot; yuuni 2017.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mensah-Gyan, Richard|url=https://ghanamps.com/mp/richard-gyan-mensah/|access-date=2022-12-04|website=Ghana MPS|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Parliament of Ghana|url=https://www.parliament.gh/mps?mp=25|access-date=2022-12-04|website=www.parliament.gh|archive-date=2023-03-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324055808/https://parliament.gh/mps?mp=25|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tuma ==
Gyan n-daa nyɛ &quot;General Manager&quot; zaŋ ti Desert Oil Limited.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;  O daa lahi nyɛla Mathematics and ICT kaimba Gomoa Dominase D/A Junior High School. O daa lahi nyɛ ŋun wuhiri saha shɛŋa tiri City Business College. O daa lahi nyɛla Laɣ'gbubira  zaŋ ti &quot;Trust Hands Auto Limited&quot;, &quot;Assistant Accounts Manager&quot; zaŋ ti &quot;Union Oil Ghana Limited&quot; ka lahi nyɛ &quot;Head of Finance and Planning for Petrosol Ghana Limited&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Siyaasa ==
Gyan be la lɛm paati (National Democratic Congress) ka lahi nyɛ jintɔra saha ŋɔ zaŋ ti  Gomoa West Constituency din be Central Region.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=GTonline|date=2022-11-22|title=Gomoa West MP calls on government to address persistent price hikes|url=https://www.ghanaiantimes.com.gh/gomoa-west-mp-calls-on-government-to-address-persistent-price-hikes/|access-date=2022-12-04|website=Ghanaian Times|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Cushion citizens against hikes in petroleum products - MP to govt|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/cushion-citizens-against-hikes-in-petroleum-products-mp-to-govt.html|access-date=2022-12-04|website=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Appiah|first=Isaac|date=2022-11-22|title=Fuel hikes is the most dreaded nightmare confronting Ghanaians – MP laments|url=https://theindependentghana.com/fuel-hikes-is-the-most-dreaded-nightmare-confronting-ghanaians-mp-laments/|access-date=2022-12-04|website=The Independent Ghana|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204222159/https://theindependentghana.com/fuel-hikes-is-the-most-dreaded-nightmare-confronting-ghanaians-mp-laments/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 2020 piibu piibu ===
Yuuni [[2020 Ghanaian general election|2020 Ghana piibu piibu]] ni, o da di Gomoa West Constituency jintɔri kuɣu. O daa di li mi ni vooti kalinli tuhi pishi ni anii,ni kɔbisinii ni pishi ni ayi 2(8,822 votes) daa zani ti vaaibu pihinu ni ata zaani (53.0%) vootibu kalinli din daa niŋ puunika  [[New Patriotic Party|NPP]] ŋun daa zani ti di jintɔri tali, &lt;nowiki&gt;[[Alexander Kodwo Kom Abban]]&lt;/nowiki&gt; mi nya vooti kalinli tuhi pishi ni anu ni kɔbigu ni pihita ni anu (25,235 votes) ka di mi zani vaabu pihinahi ni anahi ni tɔbu dibaa awɔi (44.9%) zaani vootibu kalinli din daa niŋ puuni, [[Ghana Union Movement|GUM]] ŋun daa zani ti di jintɔri tali, Edmond Panyin Enchill daa nyɛla vooti kalinli kɔbisiyopɔin ni pia ni ayɔbu (716 votes) ka di zani vaaibu yim ni tɔbu dibaa ata zaani (1.3%) vootibu kalinli din daa niŋ puuni, ka [[Progressive People's Party (Ghana)|PPP]] nira ŋun daa zani ti jintɔri tali Charles Yawson mi nya vooti kalinli kɔbisinahi ni pihinii ni yini (481 votes) (0.9% ).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=FM|first=Peace|title=2020 Election - Gomoa West Constituency Results|url=http://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/gomoa_west/|access-date=2022-12-04|website=Ghana Elections - Peace FM|archive-date=2024-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313170758/https://ghanaelections.peacefmonline.com/pages/2020/parliament/central/gomoa_west/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Komitii-nima ===
Gyan be la &quot;Members Holding Offices of Profit Committee&quot; ni ka lahi be &quot;Environment, Science and Technology Committee&quot; ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Maŋamaŋa biɛhigu ==
Gyan nyɛla Dolodolo nira.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Soŋsim tibu ==
Silimiin goli April 2021, o daa ti la loori doraba nima ban be la yaɣili ŋɔ peetiro kunpɔŋ din kalinli yaɣi kɔbishii ka di zaa yini kam ʒiri peetiro gaɣili pia. O daa lahi soŋ [[Apam Senior High School]] mini [[Gomoa Senior High School]] ni tandi mɛbu binbɔra.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=kasapafmonline.com|date=2021-04-23|title=Gomoa West will experience massive development during my term - MP assures — Kasapa102.5FM|url=https://kasapafmonline.com/?p=226645|access-date=2022-12-04|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Silimiin goli November 2021, o daa lahi zaŋ kamani &quot;3,500 mathematical sets&quot; ti shikuru bihi ban daa yɛn sabi [[Basic Education Certificate Examination|BECE]] lala yaɣili ŋɔ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Gomoa West MP donates 3500 mathematical sets to BECE candidates {{!}} GhHeadlines Total News Total Information|url=http://ghheadlines.com/agency/ghana-web-/20211111/152232201/gomoa-west-mp-donates-3500-mathematical-sets-to-bece-candidates|access-date=2022-12-04|website=ghheadlines.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mensah, Richard Gyan}}
[[Pubu:Living people]]
[[Pubu:1983 births]]
[[Pubu:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]]
[[Pubu:Ghanaian MPs 2021–2025]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Majid Michel</title>
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      <text bytes="30073" sha1="mm1psh4lpred4bxdcmkayujy6w06y5g" xml:space="preserve">{{Bio}} 
'''Majid Michel''' (be dɔɣi o la silimiin goli September biɛɣ'pishi ni ayi dali yuuni 1980) nyɛla Ghana kpɛri kpɛriti a, talaviisa nira,paasita ni ŋun mali zaɣa ni daadama. O daa nyɛla [[African Movie Academy Awards]] nim ni piigi n pahi [[Best Actor in Leading Role|''Best Actor in Leading Role'']] yuuni [[2009]], [[2010]], [[2011]], [[2012]], [[2014]], ni yuuni [[2017]].&lt;ref name=&quot;amaa1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=AMAA 2009: List of Winners and Nominees|url=http://www.ama-awards.com/nomination/2009winners.php|access-date=17 January 2010}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;site1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Interview with Majid at ModernGhana.com, 2008|url=http://www.modernghana.com/music/6625/3/people-think-im-a-womanizer-majid-micheal.html|access-date=22 October 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; O daa di bahi di lala pini ŋɔ yuuni 2012 o ni daa pun nya piibu yuma ata tin daa pa taba gari pɔi ni 2012.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2012-04-26|title=Rita Dominic wins best actress {{!}} Daily Times Nigeria|url=http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/rita-dominic-wins-best-actress|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2012-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426231657/http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/rita-dominic-wins-best-actress|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=ThenetNg.com is for sale|url=https://www.hugedomains.com/domain_profile.cfm?d=ThenetNg.com|access-date=2023-05-04|website=HugeDomains|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; O chaŋla Mfantsipim School, n ti pahi o kpɛri kpɛriti kpee, '''Van Vicker'''. 

== Piligu biɛhigu ==
Michel nyɛla nɛ ni daa dɔɣi [[Cantonments]], Ghana tiŋ zuɣu ŋɔ, [[Ankara|Accra]]  tiŋkapŋa. Ŋun ba nya Lebanese ka o ma Ghana nira,&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;http://www.modernghana.com/music/6625/3/people-think-im-a-womanizer-majid-micheal.html&lt;/ref&gt; ka o zooi Accra ni o ma bihi awɔi. O chaŋla St. Theresa’s Primary School, nyaanŋa ka daa tuɣi  [[Mfantsipim]] School, [[Van Vicker]] mini [[United Nations]] gbaŋ ŋmara – [[General Kofi Annan]] shikuru kurili. Sɛkɛndiri shikuru ni, Michel daa nyɛla ŋun niŋ mohi bahi theater zuɣu ka daa lahi Kpɛritiba laɣingu ni. O ni daa nyɛ ŋun be lala laɣingu ŋɔ ni  maa, o daa di Best Actor pini saha shɛli bɛ ni daa dɛm Emancipation Day, [[Cape Coast]], Ghana.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Tuma ==
Michel daa nyɛla ŋun kpɛ kpɛrigu ni ka doli ka di maŋa tuun zuɣu. O ʒi ʒindi kpee n daa tiri wuhi o lala tuun zuɣu. Bɛ daa boli o na ni o ti pahi lala tuun zuɣu maa ni, Super Model Agency, o duu baɣilingi lana yiko ni. O daa pahi ka ŋmaai lala sinii maa, Bin shɛŋa ti ni niŋdi yurilim zuɣu (''[[Things We Do For Love]]''), ka di daa ti o yu paa, “Shaker” lala sinii maa ni. O tuma lala sinii ŋɔ daa nyɛla o yɛn zaŋla o biɛhigu maɣisi Lebanese bia, ka Michel daa nya ka di ŋmani la o ni tabi Lebanese maa zuɣu ka bɛ ti o li maa. Yuuni 2017, bohisi ni, Majid daa yɛliya ni o daa bɛ tooi nya o tuuli dahimbu sinii ŋmaai domishi o kpɛrigu daa na dii be vɛla, ka buɣisiya ni o “zaɣasim ni kpɛrigu “ daa chɛ ka o kpaŋsi o nimohi zaŋ chaŋ kpɛrigu ŋɔ polo.

Bin shɛɣu ti niŋdi yurilim zuɣu daa deei ʒii zaa ka daa yihi o pani na polo zaa. O kpaŋmaŋa ni lala sinii ŋɔ ni, o daa ŋmaai o tuuli sinii, Divine Love, ka nyɛla doo ŋun be tooni, n ti pahi [[Jackie Agyemang]] ŋun daa nya paɣa be tooni, ka [[Van Vicker]] mi daa nya ŋun tani sɔŋ. Lala niraba ata ŋɔ zaa daa zaŋ lala sinii ŋɔ ka di lee bɛ tuuli sinii bin ŋmaai. Divine Love ŋɔ daa nyɛla din deei ʒii zaa, ka chɛ ka Majid Michel, Jackie Aygemang ni Van Vicker yuya lee yu tibisa Ghana zaa. 
Yuuni 2008, Michel daa nyɛla daa nyɛla ŋun ŋmaai sinii din yuli “Agony of the Christ”, ka di daa niŋ katari ka be piili bu yopɔin niŋ [[Africa Movie Academy Awards]] yuuni 2009.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Silimin goli October 2017, Majid kahigiya o yi kuli ŋmaai sinii o deeri laɣiri ka mani $15,000, ka daa lahi kahigi ni o nya laɣari paa $35,000 sinii ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Mawuli|first=David|date=2017-10-05|title=Actor reveals how much he charges for a movie role|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/movies/majid-michel-actor-reveals-how-much-he-charges-for-a-movie-role/44se4mf|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Pulse Ghana|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2016, daa yɛliya ni di mini o tooi zooya ka o be yurilim wuhibu polo sinii nim ni maa yaa, o na ʒin mali mamtali ni kpɛri kpɛriti ŋun nya paɣa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Amodeni|first=Adunni|date=2016-03-18|title=Top Ghanaian actor speaks on sleeping with actresses|url=https://www.legit.ng/768592-top-ghanaian-actor-speaks-sleeping-actresses.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Silimin goli October 2017, Majid daa di fiila FM ni, o daa diini zuɣu, o ku lahi zaɣi ŋmaai sinii ka be yurilim wuhibu polo ka di ti zaya ni o moɣisi paɣa noli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Nseyen|first=Nsikak|date=2017-10-17|title=Why I wont be kissing in movies – Majid Michel|url=https://dailypost.ng/2017/10/17/wont-kissing-movies-majid-michel/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Nollywood breakthrough and success ===
Michel nyɛla kpɛri kpɛritiba puuni yino ban kpɛ sinii yɛltɔɣa saha shɛli [[Frank Rajah]] ni daa dihi nuu gbana zuɣu ni Ghana Abdul Salam Mumuni ŋun su Venus Filims. Alikawuli din daa be nuu ŋɔ gbana dihibu zuɣu ŋɔ daa nyɛla din kohi Ghana kpɛri kpɛritiba n-ti [[Nollywood]] sinii dundɔŋni ka di ni tooi chɛ ka bɛ gba maɣisi Nigeria kpɛri kpɛritiba. Sinii din daa ŋmaai ka Michel be di ni baa yan nuu dihibu ŋɔ nyaanŋa shɛŋa n nyɛ: Crime to Christ (2007), Agony of Christ (2008), Heart of Men (2009), The Game (2010) mini Who Loves Me? (2010) ni din pahi pahi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2014-08-19|title=Welcome To City People Magazine: &quot;How I Discovered Many Ghanaian Movie Stars&quot; - Nigerian Film-maker, Frank Rajah Arase|url=http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2014-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085317/http://www.citypeoplemagazine.com.ng/2014/04/how-i-discovered-many-ghanaian-movie.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Michel daa tuui ŋmaai Nigeria Nollywood sinii yuuni 2009 yurilim wuhibu sinii, Emerald, ka daa nyɛla ŋun be di ni paa n ti pahi [[Genevieve Nnaji]]. Di ni daa niŋ ka paɣabu bɛni ni Majid kpaŋmaŋa, n ti pahi o niŋgbuna niŋbu ni Genevieve, sinii ŋɔ daa din nya fɛibu pam.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Account Suspended|url=http://nollywoodforever.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi|access-date=2023-05-04|website=nollywoodforever.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Nollywood Reinvented|date=2023-05-04|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nollywood_Reinvented&amp;oldid=1153077821|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2023-05-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Amaa, yuuni 2009 sinii din daa nya Silent Scandals daa yihi Majid na polo Nigeria.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-02-13|title=Vivian Ejikes Silent Scandals - nigeriafilms.com|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/18785/16/vivian-ejikes-silent-scandals.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2015-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213031414/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/18785/16/vivian-ejikes-silent-scandals.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2009-12-13|title=The Next Big Nollywood Hit: Silent Scandals premieres in Lagos|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2009/12/the-next-big-nollywood-hit-silent-scandals-premieres-in-lagos/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sinii maa daa nyɛla ʒi paɣabu na pam ni yɛltɔɣa suma n ti pahi Majid kpaŋmaŋa sinii ŋɔ ni ni o biɛhigu ni Genevieve Nnaji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=REinvented|first=Nollywood|date=2012-05-23|title=Silent Scandals|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2012/05/silent-scandals.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Nollywood Reinvented|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Blogger|url=https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-653693698%3A1683233570906549&amp;continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogger.com%2Fblogin.g%3FblogspotURL%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fmyafricanmoviereviews.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F12%2Fsilent-scandal-excellent-movie-starring.html%26type%3Dblog%26zx%3Dzj282l0g87xx&amp;hl=en-US&amp;ifkv=Af_xneHj_G5Ok-_z_O8Fpkw6Zqd2KtNEvGH9mSH8UZUgXdb0ItJ6NB-zd2d8bPfgM8hLOuNP5ZfQrg&amp;passive=true&amp;service=blogger&amp;flowName=WebLiteSignIn&amp;flowEntry=ServiceLogin|access-date=2023-05-04|website=accounts.google.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-02-13|title=SILENT SCANDAL {{!}} Movie Evolution|url=http://movieevolution.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/index.php/silent-scandal/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2015-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213030455/http://movieevolution.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/index.php/silent-scandal/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nollywood fiila din gu tooi tam, “ O (Majid) nimohi ni yaa shɛli bela o nini ni ka di chɛ ka o zaŋli kuri bukaata vɛnyɛla dinzuɣu di ka lahiʒibu o ni tooi nyɛri soli n pahidi ŋmaari sinii nima yurilim mini paɣaba ni be ka bɛ laɣibu niŋ talahi”.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Account Suspended|url=http://nollywoodforever.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi|access-date=2023-05-04|website=nollywoodforever.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni maa yaɣa, sinii shɛli Majid ni daa lahi pahi ŋmaai, (Guilty pleasures) daa nyɛla bɛ ni yihi na;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.modernghana.com/music/10839/3/madjid-ramzy-star-in-guilty-pleasures.html&lt;/ref&gt; sinii ŋɔ yihibu na di daa paɣari suŋ, ni ka paɣabu daa ku lahi chani Majid sani ni o kpaŋmaŋa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=REinvented|first=Nollywood|date=2012-05-21|title=Guilty Pleasures|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2012/05/guilty-pleasures.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Nollywood Reinvented|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-02-01|title=Movie Review: Guilty Pleasures {{!}} Nigerian Entertainment Today - Nigeria's Number 1 Entertainment Daily|url=http://thenet.ng/2009/12/movie-review-guilty-pleasures/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2015-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201090632/http://thenet.ng/2009/12/movie-review-guilty-pleasures/|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Account Suspended|url=http://nollywoodforever.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi|access-date=2023-05-04|website=nollywoodforever.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Blogger|url=https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-587116184%3A1683233955330440&amp;continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogger.com%2Fblogin.g%3FblogspotURL%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fmyafricanmoviereviews.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F10%2Fguilty-pleasures-emem-isong-produced.html%26type%3Dblog%26zx%3Ds4x9020di2n2&amp;hl=en-US&amp;ifkv=Af_xneF_C3rjQdy1CXXgnK2FHATmrEz-oF-awUxTAG7kQCgDVuvXPk8V4HRbqFkIq5yKe349UWfIbw&amp;passive=true&amp;service=blogger&amp;flowName=WebLiteSignIn&amp;flowEntry=ServiceLogin|access-date=2023-05-04|website=accounts.google.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; O daa tuɣi o kpaŋmaŋa ŋɔ hali 2010, ka o daa lahi ŋmaai sinii ni Genevieve Nnaji yaɣa, ''[[Bursting Out]]'',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=BellaNaija.com|date=2010-04-15|title=Majid Michel &amp; Genevieve Nnaji steam up the screen once again in “Bursting Out”|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2010/04/majid-michel-genevieve-nnaji-steam-up-the-screens-once-again-in-bursting-out/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; sinii din lahi nyɛ fɛibu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=REinvented|first=Nollywood|date=2011-01-22|title=Bursting Out|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2011/01/bursting-out.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Nollywood Reinvented|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Account Suspended|url=http://nollywoodforever.com/cgi-sys/suspendedpage.cgi|access-date=2023-05-04|website=nollywoodforever.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2014-01-18|title=BURSTING OUT {{!}} Nollywood Movie Review {{!}} Talk African Movies|url=https://www.talkafricanmovies.com/bursting-out-2/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=www.talkafricanmovies.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Blogger|url=https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S1946448702%3A1683234220252171&amp;continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogger.com%2Fblogin.g%3FblogspotURL%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fmyafricanmoviereviews.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F12%2Fbursting-out-miss-tilii-movie-review.html%26type%3Dblog%26zx%3D18stzvbdxuyoq&amp;hl=en-US&amp;ifkv=Af_xneHV_SvDo9F2xYUgy-cGm6XYHeBLW8F1higC3ZITZtcmoJ1IjFr8vm8BLtnISlOdXE8-NL6Z&amp;passive=true&amp;service=blogger&amp;flowName=WebLiteSignIn&amp;flowEntry=ServiceLogin|access-date=2023-05-04|website=accounts.google.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Michel yuli daa na pohim maa zuɣu saha shɛli o ni daa piligi o kpɛrigu Nigeria; O kahigiya ni tuuli o ni daa nya Genevieve, “binshɛɣu kam daa zani dɛdɛ”; O ni daa birim ti paai, ka o yɛli o ni o di saɣi ka o deeigi o baaji ŋɔ gbubi ka leei ŋun yan tabidi sɔŋdi o.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-02-13|title=First time I saw Genevieve Nnaji, the world stood stillMajid Michel - nigeriafilms.com|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/11035/17/first-time-i-saw-genevieve-nnaji-the-world-stood-s.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2015-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213041204/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/11035/17/first-time-i-saw-genevieve-nnaji-the-world-stood-s.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-02-13|title=First time I saw Genevieve Nnaji, the world stood still–Majid Michel - Gistmania; Nigerian News|url=http://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,62540.0.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2015-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213032824/http://www.gistmania.com/talk/topic,62540.0.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt; Luɣishɛli polo, o daa yɛliya Genevieve Nnaji n-nyɛ ŋun moɣi noli kpɛri kpɛritiba maa ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=-001-11-30T00:00:00+00:00|title=Majid Michel: Genevieve Nnaji Is The Best Kisser|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/artikel.php?ID=194166|access-date=2023-05-04|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NigeriaMovieNetwork.com is for sale|url=https://www.hugedomains.com/domain_profile.cfm?d=NigeriaMovieNetwork.com|access-date=2023-05-04|website=HugeDomains|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; O daa lahi yɛli luɣishɛli polo ni Genevieve wuhi o “bin kpɛriti shɛm”,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-02-13|title=Genevieve Taught Me How To Act –Majid Michel {{!}} GoldMyneTV|url=http://goldmyne.tv/genevieve-taught-me-how-to-act-majid-michel/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2015-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213035319/http://goldmyne.tv/genevieve-taught-me-how-to-act-majid-michel/|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt; ka lahi luɣishɛli polo ni Ghana din ka sinii dundɔŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Ike|first=Quojo|date=2014-02-13|title=Actor Majid Michel Says There Is Nothing Like Gollywood Like Ghanaians Are Claiming|url=https://www.ghanafilmindustry.com/actor-majid-michel-says-there-is-nothing-like-gollywood-like-ghanaians-are-claiming/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Ghana Film Industry|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504212733/https://www.ghanafilmindustry.com/actor-majid-michel-says-there-is-nothing-like-gollywood-like-ghanaians-are-claiming/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-02-13|title=Majid Michel says that Ghana has no movie industry? {{!}} Zionfelix.com{{!}} News {{!}} Hot Gossip{{!}} Music{{!}} Videos &amp; Many More|url=http://www.zionfelix.com/majid-michel-says-ghana-movie-industry/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2015-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213040427/http://www.zionfelix.com/majid-michel-says-ghana-movie-industry/|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋɔ zaa, n ti pahi o nyɛ soli kpɛri kpɛrigu shɛŋa zaa daa chɛ ka o na mali yɛli gola o tuuli saha. Yuuni 2010 bahigu, lahabali daa yina n ti wuhiri ni kpɛri kpɛriti ŋɔ na yɛn vuhi la bɛla do mi ni kpibu varisiɣu daa nyɛla di yiri na o Nigeria kpɛri kpɛriti sani, ban tɛhi ni o nyɛri tuma pam.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-02-13|title=Why Majid Michael refused to come to Nigeria - nigeriafilms.com|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/8269/24/why-majid-michael-refused-to-come-to-nigeria.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2015-02-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213041311/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/8269/24/why-majid-michael-refused-to-come-to-nigeria.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who's chasing Majid Michel out of Nigeria? -|url=http://ghanameets.weebly.com/whos-chasing-majid-michel-out-of-nigeria.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=ghanameets.weebly.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lala saha ŋɔ, o daa labi Ghana n ti lahi kpɛriti a, ka o daa pahi ŋmaai sinii nim ka mani 4 Play (yuuni 2010), mini sequel 4 Play Reloaded (yuuni 2011). 

Yuuni 2012, o daa pahi ka bɛ ŋmaai tobu sinii Africa luɣishɛli, ka o daa nya Naa tɔɣu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=REinvented|first=Nollywood|date=2012-06-04|title=Somewhere in Africa|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2012/06/somewhere-in-africa.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Nollywood Reinvented|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=HugeDomains.com|url=https://www.hugedomains.com/domain_profile.cfm?d=omgghana.com|access-date=2023-05-04|website=www.hugedomains.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di mini sinii ŋɔ daa dii bi yi polo, Michel ŋun kpaŋmaŋa daa chɛ ka bɛ ŋmɛi o nupuɣu, ka o daa di [[African Movie Academy Awards]] o tuuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=HugeDomains.com|url=https://www.hugedomains.com/domain_profile.cfm?d=thenetng.com|access-date=2023-05-04|website=www.hugedomains.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋɔ daa lahi duhi o yuli Nigeria ka hali ni zuŋɔ o na zali o yuli ka nyɛ ŋun pahi ŋmaari Nigeria sinii nima. Yuuni 2014, o daa lahi ka bɛ ŋmaai sinii din yuli biɛɣu pihi ata (30 Days ) Atalanta ni ka di zuɣu daa chɛ ka Nigeria Cinema Exhibition Coalition nim daa piigi o yuli ni 2014 zaa nya nyori sinii ni pam.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-02-12|title=OC Ukeje, Majid breaking the cinemas - Box Office, Life|url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2015/01/oc-ukeje-majid-breaking-cinemas/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2015-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212201405/http://dailyindependentnig.com/2015/01/oc-ukeje-majid-breaking-cinemas/|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2014 sinii shɛŋa Michel ni daa lahi bɛ ŋmaai shɛŋa n-nyɛ: [[Forgetting June|''Forgetting June'']], din daa nya fɛibu pam.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=REinvented|first=Nollywood|date=2013-10-25|title=Forgetting June|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2013/10/forgetting-june.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Nollywood Reinvented|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; O lahi pahiya ka bɛ ŋmaai [[Knocking on Heavens' Door|''Knocking on Heavens' Door'']] mini ''[[Being Mrs Elliot]]'', di zaa ŋɔ daa nyɛla din kpɛribu chaŋ vɛnyɛla, kohibi mini hankali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=REinvented|first=Nollywood|date=2014-08-02|title=Knocking on Heaven's Door|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2014/08/knocking-on-heavens-door.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Nollywood Reinvented|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=REinvented|first=Nollywood|date=2015-06-05|title=Being Mrs. Elliott|url=https://www.nollywoodreinvented.com/2015/06/being-mrs-elliott.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Nollywood Reinvented|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O ni yaai/ŋmaai filim shɛŋa ==
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* ''[[Things We Do for Love (Ghanaian TV series)|Things We Do For Love]]''
* ''[[Chelsea (film)|Chelsea]]''
* ''[[Agony of Christ (film)|Agony of Christ]]''
* ''[[Somewhere in Africa]]''
* ''Shakira''
* ''Evil Doctor's Do''
* ''[[The Game (2010 film)|The Game]]''
* ''[[Bursting Out]]''
* ''[[4 Play (film)|4 Play]]'' 
* ''4 Play Reloaded''
* ''[[A Sting in a Tale]]''
* ''[[Silent Scandals]]'' (2009)
* ''Passion of the Soul''
* ''Crime to Christ''
* ''Royal Battle'' 
* ''Divine Love''
* ''Gangster''
* ''[[Guilty Pleasures (2009 film)|Guilty Pleasure]]'' (2009)
* ''Tears of a Womanhood''
* ''St. Michael''
* ''Shattered Mirror''
* ''Save the Prince''
* ''The Beast''
* ''Royal Madness''
* ''Her Excellency''
* ''Reason to Kill''
* ''Blood of Fire''
* ''Final Crisis''
* ''Captain''
* ''Under the Sky''
* ''The Three Widows''
* ''Professional Lady''
* ''[[House of Gold (film)|House of Gold]]'' (2013)
* ''[[Nation Under Siege]]'' (2013)
* ''[[Forgetting June]]''
* ''Matters Arising'' (2014)
* ''[[Knocking on Heaven's Door (2014 film)|Knocking on Heaven's Door]]'' (2014)
* ''[[Being Mrs Elliot]]'' (2014)
* ''[[30 Days in Atlanta]]'' (2014)
* ''[[Brother's Keeper (2014 film)|Brother's Keeper]]'' (2014)
* ''[[Champagne (2014 film)|Champagne]]'' (2014)
* ''[[Road to Yesterday (film)|Road to Yesterday]]'' (2015) with [[Genevieve Nnaji]] and [[Deyemi Okanlawon]]
* ''Bishop Jerry'' (Nigerian Movie) (2015) 
* ''Amuma&quot; (Nigerian Movie) (2015),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/bishop-jerry-check-out-beverly-naya-and-majid-michel-in-new-movie-id3631808.html |title='Bishop Jerry': Check out Beverly Naya and Majid Michel in new movie - Movies - Pulse |access-date=4 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510150048/http://pulse.ng/movies/bishop-jerry-check-out-beverly-naya-and-majid-michel-in-new-movie-id3631808.html |archive-date=10 May 2017 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=weBe9ob4LS8 | title=Amuma [Official Trailer] Latest 2015 Nigerian Nollywood Drama Movie | publisher=irokotv | date=12 May 2015 | via=Youtube | access-date=2 August 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[[The Department (film)|The Department]]'' (2015)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title='The Department' Watch Osas Ighodaro, OC Ukeje, Majid Michel in trailer|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/the-department-watch-osas-ighodaro-oc-ukeje-majid-michel-in-trailer-id3413176.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|access-date=16 January 2015|archive-date=20 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320235945/http://pulse.ng/movies/the-department-watch-osas-ighodaro-oc-ukeje-majid-michel-in-trailer-id3413176.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''The Mad Man I Love'' (2015)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Majid Michel goes 'Crazy' in New Movie &quot;Mad Man I Love&quot;|url=http://www.naijaurban.com/majid-michel-crazy-movie-mad-man-i-love/|website=Naijaurban|publisher=Naijaurban|access-date=23 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528143319/http://www.naijaurban.com/majid-michel-crazy-movie-mad-man-i-love/|archive-date=28 May 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[[Shattered Lives]]'' (2016)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Trailer Shatta Wale, Bisa Kdei, Majid Michel, star in new movie &quot;Shattered Lives&quot;|url=http://pulse.com.gh/movies/trailer-shatta-wale-bisa-kdei-majid-michel-star-in-new-movie-shattered-lives-id4523160.html|website=Pulse.com.gh|publisher=David Mawuli|access-date=11 February 2016|archive-date=1 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301085731/http://pulse.com.gh/movies/trailer-shatta-wale-bisa-kdei-majid-michel-star-in-new-movie-shattered-lives-id4523160.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[[Yolo (Ghanaian TV series)|Yolo]]''
* ''Deepest Cut'' (2018)
}}
== Maŋmaŋa biɛhigu ==
Majid nyɛla ŋun niŋ amiliya ka dɔɣi bihi ata.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-05-24|title=I have never cheated on my wife and I have no side chick – Majid Michel|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/I-have-never-cheated-on-my-wife-and-I-have-no-side-chick-Majid-Michel-1544984|access-date=2023-05-04|website=GhanaWeb|language=en|archive-date=2022-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525123133/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/I-have-never-cheated-on-my-wife-and-I-have-no-side-chick-Majid-Michel-1544984|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Silimin goli November 19, 2015, o daa yɛliya ni o paɣa ŋun nya yuun pia ŋɔ n-nyɛ ŋun bɛ tihigibu nyaanŋa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=joan|date=2015-11-19|title=&quot;My wife is the only reason I am Majid Michel&quot;|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/celebrities/majid-michel-my-wife-is-the-only-reason-i-am-majid-michel/knew1b3|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka zaŋ Naawuni ko zali pɔi ni ŋuna. O daa labi nyɛli o daa mikiya alikawuli lala yuuni maa yaɣa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Ade-Unuigbe|first=Adesola|date=2015-08-02|title=10 Years &amp; Counting! Ghollywood Actor Majid Michel &amp; Wife Virna Renew their Vows|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/08/10-years-counting-ghollywood-actor-majid-michel-wife-of-wife-virna-renew-their-vows/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=BellaNaija|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Majid nyɛla ŋun labi tuuba nlee dolodolo nira.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-06-16|title=I’m a true servant of God now – Majid Michel|url=https://punchng.com/im-a-true-servant-of-god-now-majid-michel/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Nwachukwu|first=John Owen|date=2017-06-16|title=I'm a true man of God - Actor Majid Michel|url=https://dailypost.ng/2017/06/16/im-true-man-god-actor-majid-michel/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Daily Post Nigeria|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Silimin goli 4 October 2016, ŋuni n daa nya paasita kpɛma choochi ni daa lihi ka bɛ ʒia maa chaŋ, ka yɛli ba Alizama ka dolisi shɛba.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/10/ghollywood-actor-majid-michel-turns-pastor/&lt;/ref&gt; O fiila dibu Joy F.M, Ghana, Majid daa yɛliya ni pun pɔŋɔ dolo dolo biɛhigu nyɛla yɛlimaŋli di ni ka o kpaŋsibu yina la Baabuli.  Silimin goli 2017, o daa yɛliya ni o labi na n ti gbaai Naawuni ŋɔ chɛ ka o kɔŋ yilikpɛrilan shɛba. O daa bi zani ni ka tuɣi yɛra, ni o pun pɔŋɔ yilikpɛrilana nima maa Naawuni ni piɛli shɛba bahi o na.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-05-05|title='Since I became born again, my friends have abandoned me' - Majid Michel|url=http://thenet.ng/2017/04/since-i-became-born-again-my-friends-have-abandoned-me-majid-michel/|access-date=2023-05-04|website=web.archive.org|archive-date=2017-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170505111409/http://thenet.ng/2017/04/since-i-became-born-again-my-friends-have-abandoned-me-majid-michel/|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2017, Easter dibu ni, Majid daa golim Christ dakuɣu zuɣu kpahi yili daliri daa nyɛla ni di tuhi kari gaŋbu, jalinsi, pukparim, jiliman-kai, tobu ni ninvuɣu bɛ tali biɛhigu ni Naawuni yuli. Silimin goli October 2017, Majid daa yɛliya ni o nyɛla Naawuni ni zaŋ so na ni o ti faai nirabe bahi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Online|first=Peace FM|title=I Have Healed The Blind And Cripple – Majid|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201710/330756.php|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Peacefmonline.com - Ghana news|archive-date=2023-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504215114/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201710/330756.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yi kana, maŋa laɣinbu, Majid daa buɣisili ka di nyɛla taali. O daa lahi nyɛla ŋun yɛli ni di daa naan niŋ tɔm pam ni nira kuli be kpɛ lala yɛltɔɣa ŋɔ ni hali yim gba o biɛhigu ni zaa. O daa lahi kahigiya ni o gba daa nyɛla ŋuna na min be lala tuma ŋɔ ni o bilim ni saha amaa o kpamdi bipola jandi ni be niŋ katiŋ ka chɛli. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=I Have Healed The Blind And Cripple – Majid|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201710/330756.php|access-date=14 October 2017|website=Peace FM|archive-date=14 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014012646/http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/news/201710/330756.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; On [[masturbation]], Majid described the act as a sin towards God. He went further to state that it was inevitable for one to engage in the act at least once in a lifetime.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Stop watching porn – Majid advises|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Stop-watching-porn-Majid-advises-588347|access-date=20 October 2017|website=Ghana Web|archive-date=21 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171021055919/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Stop-watching-porn-Majid-advises-588347|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; He also disclosed that he was once a victim in his younger years but encourages youths to desist from it.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=I loved to self service. Every adolescent has masturbated before&quot; – Majid Michel|url=http://www.informationng.com/2017/10/loved-masturbate-every-adolescent-masturbated-majid-michel.html|access-date=14 October 2017|website=Information Nigeria}}{{Dead link|date=November 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Masturbation is a sin – Majid Michel|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/masturbation-is-a-sin-majid-michel.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;O mini [[Freeze]] nangbankpɛɛni ni, o daa bi saɣi n-ti Freeze zaa zaŋ chaŋ farigu yobu polo. Majid daa yɛliya ni farigu ŋɔ yɛltɔɣa bi yɛli niŋ baabuli kuro ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Olayinka|date=2017-10-08|title=Majid Michel Debate On Tithing With OAP, Freeze|url=https://www.informationng.com/2017/10/majid-michel-debate-tithing-oap-freeze.html|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Information Nigeria|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Amaa, o daa lee yɛliya ni farigu ŋɔ ni tooi yo n ti choochi duu ka bɛ zaŋ sɔŋsi nandaanba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Religion|url=https://www.pulse.ng/communities/religion|access-date=2023-05-04|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en|archive-date=2023-05-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230504215115/https://www.pulse.ng/communities/religion|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==

== External links ==

[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]
[[Pubu: Ghana kpɛri kpɛritiba]]
[[Pubu: Ghana dolo dolo niraba]]</text>
      <sha1>mm1psh4lpred4bxdcmkayujy6w06y5g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sadiq Sani Sadiq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20607</id>
    <revision>
      <id>136016</id>
      <parentid>123872</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T08:53:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>118</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>136016</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4590" sha1="kx4x9kjkuwpqtukxllzhandbobtr7pe" xml:space="preserve">{{Bio}}
'''Sadiq Sani Sadiq''' (bɛ dɔɣi o la silimin gɔli February dabaa ayi dali yuuni 1981) o nyɛla [[Nigerian]] [[film actor|shinii kpɛrikpɛrita]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-08-16|title=Ina so dana ya gaje ni a fim- Sadiq Sani Sadiq|url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-40951656|access-date=2020-09-24|website=BBC News Hausa|language=ha}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201206020426.html|title=Nigeria: My Worst Moment Was When I Was Arrested - Sadiq|author=Al-Amin Ciroma|date=2012-06-02|publisher=All Africa|access-date=2022-08-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2012, o daa pahimi ka bɛ kpɛri ''[[Blood and Henna]]'', [[Nigerian]] [[film|shinii]] shɛli [[Kenneth Gyang]] ni daa wuhi ŋmaabu ni [[Nafisat Abdullahi]] n-ti pahi [[Ali Nuhu]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Blood and Henna|url=http://hausafilms.tv/film/blood_and_henna |website=hausafilms.tv |publisher=HausaTv |accessdate=13 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nya pina nim mini piibu kamani yuuni  [[2015 Kannywood Awards]] din be jurors award yaɣili ka di nyɛ [[MTN Nigeria]] nim n-tiri li. O daa lahi deei [[City People Entertainment Awards|City People Entertainment]] pini yuuni 2014 mini yuuni 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-09-18|title=Sadiq Sani Sadiq da hafsat Idris sune gwarzayen gasar wannan shekarar|url=https://www.pulse.ng/hausa/city-people-movies-awards-sadiq-sani-sadiq-da-hafsat-idris-sune-gwarzayen-gasar-bana/gbgrc5h|access-date=2020-09-24|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en-US|last=Aliyu|first=Ahmad}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; O mali la paɣa ni bihi ayi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Victoria|first=Bamas|date=2016-11-23|title=Kannywood: Sadiq Sani Sadiq shares wife photo|url=https://dailytrust.com/kannywood-sadiq-sani-sadiq-shares-wife-photo|access-date=2020-09-24|website=Daily Trust|language=en|archive-date=2022-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705192705/https://dailytrust.com/kannywood-sadiq-sani-sadiq-shares-wife-photo|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Pina ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Year
!Award
!Category
!Result
|-
!2014
|[[City People Entertainment Awards]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Kannywood at the 2014 City People Entertainment Awards - Winners and Nominees |url=http://hausafilms.tv/awards/city-people-entertainment-awards-june-2014 |website=hausafilms.tv |publisher=Hausatv |accessdate=13 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Best New Actor
|{{Nom}}
|-
!2015
|[[Kannywood Awards]] 
|Best Actor
|{{Won}}
|-
!2017
|[[City People Entertainment Awards]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=KANO &amp; KADUNA Actors To Storm City People Movie Awards |url=http://www.citypeopleonline.com/kano-kaduna-actors-to-storm-city-people-movie-awards/ |website=City People Magazine |publisher=City People Magazine |accessdate=13 October 2019 |date=28 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Best Actress
|{{Nom}}
|-
!2018
|[[Kannywood Awards]] 
|Best Actor
|{{Won}}
|-
|}
==Filmography==
Sadiq nyɛla ŋun pahi ka bɛ kpɛri shinii nim din gari 200 [[Kannywood]] shinii nim.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sadiq Sani Sadiq|url=http://hausafilms.tv/actor/sadiq_sani_sadiq |website=hausafilms.tv |publisher=Hausatv |accessdate=13 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|- style=&quot;background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;&quot;
! Title
! Year
|-
|Addini Ko Al’ada
|ND
|-
|Ga Fili Ga Mai Doki
|ND
|-
|Har Abada
|ND
|-
|Inda Rai
|ND
|-
|Jari Hujja
|ND
|-
|Larai
|ND
|-
|Gani Ina So
|ND
|-
|Rawar Gani
|ND
|-
|Sakayya
|ND
|-
|Tsangaya
|ND
|-
|Waye Isashshe
|ND
|-
|Yar Mama
|ND
|-
| Bana Bakwai
|2007
|-
| Artabu
|2009
|-
| Ummi Adnan
|2011
|-
| Sa’ar Mata
|2011
|-
| Adamsy
|2011
|-
| Abu Naka
|2012
|-
| [[Blood and Henna]]
|2012
|-
| Dan Marayan Zaki
|2012
|-
| Dare Daya
|2012
|-
| Kara Da Kiyashi
|2012
|-
| NI Da Kai Da Shi
|2012
|-
| Noor (The Light)
|2012
|-
| Talatu
|2012
|-
| Ukuba
|2012
|-
| Zo Muje
|2012
|-
| Farin Dare
|2013
|-
| Hijira
|2013
|-
| Makahon So
|2013
|-
| Rai Dangin Goro
|2013
|-
| Rayuwa Bayan Mutuwa
|2013
|-
| Tsumagiya
|2013
|-
| Ashabul Kahfi
|2014
|-
| Ya Daga Allah
|2014
|-
| Bayan Duhu
|2014
|-
| Daga Ni Sai Ke
|2014
|-
| Hanyar Kano
|2014
|-
| Kisan Gilla
|2014
|-
| Mati Da Lado
|2014
|-
| Sabuwar Sangaya
|2014
|-
| Suma Mata Ne
|2014
|-
| Alkalin Kauye
|2015
|-
| Halacci
|2015
|-
| Sallamar So
|2015
|-
| Kasa Ta
|2015
|-
| Jamila
|2016
|-
| Nisan Kiwo
|2016
|-
| Shinaz
|2016
|-
| Ba Tabbas
|2017
|-
| Rariya
|2017
|-
| Dangin Miji
|2017
|-
| Larura (The Necessity TV Series)
|2017
|-
| Makaryaci
|2017
|-
| Wacece Sarauniya
|2017
|-
| Abbana
|2018
|-
|}

==Lihimi m-pahi==
* [[List of Nigerian actors]]
* [[List of Kannywood actors]]


== Kundivihira ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>List of former Smoky Mountain Wrestling personnel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21545</id>
    <revision>
      <id>135924</id>
      <parentid>88102</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T18:59:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>118</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>135924</origin>
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      <text bytes="36283" sha1="ep5cper41iemlc7eska8sdgjlnc4a85" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|None}}

'''[[Smoky Mountain Wrestling]]''' daa nyɛla taba ŋmɛbu haŋkali yuli duhibu zuɣusaa din daa niŋdi [[Knoxville]], [[Tennessee]] bini din gbaai yuuni 1991 zaŋ chaŋ yuuni 1995. Ban daa tumdi n tiri SMW n-nyɛ [[professional wrestling|professional wrestlers]], [[manager (professional wrestling)|managers]], [[play-by-play]] n-ti pahi [[color commentator]]s, [[announcer]]s, [[interview]]ers ni [[Referee (professional wrestling)|referees]].

==Alumni==
===Male wrestlers===
{| class=&quot;pretty sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%; text-align:center; width:70%;&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Birth name:
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|[[Ring name]](s):
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Tenure:
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Notes
|-
|{{sort|Ahrndt, Jason|[[Joey Abs|Jason Ahrndt]]}}
|Jason Ahrndt
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/bios/k/kane/|publisher=Online World of Wrestling|title=Kane Profile}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Alexander, Terry|Terry Alexander}}
|Mr. USA
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Anderson, Brad|[[Brad Anderson (wrestler)|Brad Anderson]]}}
|Brad Anderson
|sort|1991
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://411mania.com/wrestling/the-name-on-the-marquee-smoky-mountain-wrestling-2-22-1992/ |title=The Name on the Marquee: Smoky Mountain Wrestling (2.22.1992) |author=Nedeff, Adam |date=September 15, 2015 |website=411mania.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Anderson, Roger|[[Roger Anderson]]}}
|Roger Anderson
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Anthony, Darrell|[[Tony Anthony|Darrell Anthony]]}}
|Dirty White Boy / The Mighty Yankee
|sort|1991–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.kayfabememories.com/Regions/smw/smwintro-2.htm |title=SMW Intro Page #2 |author=Pardue, Edward |date=2004 |website=KayfabeMemories.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Lentz III |first=Harris M. |date=2003 |title=Biographical Dictionary of Professional Wrestling |edition=2 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=0786417544 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Lister |first=John |date=2005 |title=Slamthology: Collected Wrestling Writings 1991-2004 |publisher=Lulu.com |page=188 |isbn=1411653297 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Antol, Scott|[[Scotty Riggs|Scott Antol]]}}
|Scott Studd
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Ashford-Smith, Christopher|[[Chris Champion|Christopher Ashford-Smith]]}}{{ref|Deceased|†}}
|Kowabunga
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Aslinger, Richard|[[Richard Slinger|Richard Aslinger]]}}
|Richard Slinger
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Barnes, Roger|[[Ron Garvin|Roger Barnes]]}}
|Ronnie Garvin
|sort|1992, 1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Shields&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Shields |first=Brian |date=2010 |title=Main Event: WWE in the Raging 80s |location=New York |publisher=Simon and Schuster |page=79 |isbn=145160467X }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Barrett, Tom|Tom Barrett}}
|Tommy Angel
|sort|1991–1992
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Batten, Bart|[[Bart Batten]]}}
|Bart Batten
|sort|1992–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Batten, Brad|[[Brad Batten]]}} {{ref|Deceased|†}}
|Brad Batten
|sort|1992–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Booker, Larry|[[Moondog Spot|Larry Booker]]}} †
|Moondog Spot
|sort|1993–1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-14&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.kayfabememories.com/Regions/smw/smw14.htm |title=Regional Territories: SMW #14 |author=Pardue, Edward |date=2004 |website=KayfabeMemories.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Brandi, Tom|[[Salvatore Sincere|Tom Brandi]]}}
|Johnny Gunn
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Brantley, Carl|Carl Brantley}}
|Vladimir Koloff
|sort|1991–1992
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Briley, Daniel|[[Nightmare Danny Davis|Daniel Briley]]}}
|Danny Davis / The Galaxian
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Broyles, Jason|[[E. Z. Money|Jason Broyles]]}}
|Steve Skyfire
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Buchanan, Barry|[[Barry Buchanan]]}}
|The Punisher
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.kayfabememories.com/Regions/smw/smw13.htm |title=Regional Territories: SMW #13 |author=Pardue, Edward |date=2004 |website=KayfabeMemories.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Cain, Ruben|[[Robert Gibson (wrestler)|Ruben Cain]]}}
|Robert Gibson
|sort|1991–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mikemooneyham.com/1995/12/17/smoky-mountain-fell-victim-to-changing-times-part-two/ |title=Smoky Mountain Fell Victim To Changing Times (Part Two) |author=Mooneyham, Mike |date=December 17, 1995 |website=MikeMooneyham.com |access-date=August 2, 2023 |archive-date=August 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802225337/http://mikemooneyham.com/1995/12/17/smoky-mountain-fell-victim-to-changing-times-part-two/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Holly&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Holly |first=Bob |author-link=Hardcore Holly |last2=Williams |first2=Ross |date=2013 |title=The Hardcore Truth: The Bob Holly Story |location=Toronto |publisher=ECW Press |isbn=1770903798 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Caprio&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Caprio |first=Robert |date=2010 |title=Are We There Yet?: Tales from the Never-Ending Travels of WWE Superstars |location=New York |publisher=Simon and Schuster |pages=64–66 |isbn=1439121788 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Calaway, Mark|[[The Undertaker|Mark Calaway]]}}
|The Undertaker
|sort|1995 {{ref|WWF|WWF}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Williams |first=Scott E. |date=2013 |title=Hardcore History: The Extremely Unauthorized Story of ECW |location=New York |publisher=Sports Publishing |isbn=1613215827 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Candido, Chris|[[Chris Candido]]}} †
|Chris Candido / The Avenger
|sort|1993–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hornbaker&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Hornbaker |first=Tim |date=2012 |title=Legends of Pro Wrestling: 150 Years of Headlocks, Body Slams, and Piledrivers |location=New York |publisher=Sports Publishing |page=507 |isbn=1613210752 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Casey, Sean|[[Sean Casey (wrestler)|Sean Casey]]}}
|Sean Casey
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Cazana, Joe|Joe Cazana}}
|Joe Cazana
|sort|1991–1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Clark, Bryan|[[Bryan Clark]]}}
|The Nightstalker
|sort|1992–1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Connor, Accie|[[D'Lo Brown|Accie Connor]]}}
|A.C. Conner / D'Lo Brown
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Couch, Thomas|[[Tommy Rogers (wrestler)|Thomas Couch]]}} †
|Tommy Rogers
|sort|1992
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Croitoru, Ion|[[Ion Croitoru]]}} †
|Bruiser Bedlam
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-14&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Langton |first=Jerry |date=2009 |title=Fallen Angel: The Unlikely Rise of Walter Stadnick and the Canadian Hells Angels |location=Mississauga, Ontario |publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons |isbn=0470739940 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Cruikshanks, Jamie|[[J. C. Ice|Jamie Cruikshanks]]}}
|J. C. Ice
|sort|1995 {{ref|USWA|USWA}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|DeMott, Bill|[[Bill DeMott|William DeMott]]}}
|Crash the Terminator
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Doll, Steve|[[Steven Dunn|Steve Doll]]}} †
|Steven Dunn
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-16&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.kayfabememories.com/Regions/smw/smw16.htm |title=Regional Territories: SMW #16 |author=Pardue, Edward |date=2004 |website=KayfabeMemories.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Dubiel, Daniel|Daniel Dubiel}}
|Dan Dubiel
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Eaton, Bobby|[[Bobby Eaton]]}} †
|Bobby Eaton
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Eisenhower, Steve|Steve Eisenhower}}
|Butch Cassidy
|sort|1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Ensor, William|[[Buddy Landel|William Ensor]]}} †
|Buddy Landel
|sort|1992, 1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Oliver&quot;&gt;{{cite book|title=The Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame: The Heels|pages=228, 234, 360|first=Greg|last=Oliver|author2=Steven Johnson|publisher=ECW Press|year=2007|isbn=1-55022-759-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Evers, Lance|[[Lance Storm|Lance Evers]]}}
|Lance Storm
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Jericho&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Jericho |first=Chris |author-link=Chris Jericho |date=2007 |title=A Lion's Tale: Around the World in Spandex |location=New York |publisher=Hachette Book Group |chapter=Chapter 25: Ain't No Party Like A Wal-Mart Party |isbn=0446408905 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofstede&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Hofstede |first=David |date=1999 |title=Slammin': Wrestling's Greatest Heroes and Villains |url=https://archive.org/details/slamminwrestling0000hofs/page/87 |location=Toronto |publisher=ECW Press |page=[https://archive.org/details/slamminwrestling0000hofs/page/87 87, 202] |isbn=1550223704 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Farmer, Jeff|[[Jeff Farmer (wrestler)|Jeff Farmer]]}}
|The Black Scorpion
|sort|1991
|
|-
|{{sort|Ferrier, David|[[Jimmy Del Ray|David Ferrier]]}} †
|Jimmy Del Ray
|sort|1993–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Pope&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Pope |first=Kristian |date=2005 |title=Tuff Stuff Professional Wrestling Field Guide: Legend and Lore |location=Iola, Wisconsin |publisher=KP Books |pages=108, 223, 225, 270, 438 |isbn=0896892670 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Caprio&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Foley, Mick|[[Mick Foley]]}}
|Cactus Jack
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Ford, Christopher|[[Crowbar (wrestler)|Christopher Ford]]}}
|Devon Storm
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Frushia, Jeff|Jeff Frushia}}
|Jeff Daniels
|sort|1992–1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Frye, Tim|Tim Frye}}
|Tim Frye
|sort|1991
|
|-
|{{sort|Funk, Dory Jr.|[[Dory Funk Jr.]]}}
|Dory Funk Jr.
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Funk, Terry|[[Terry Funk]]}}
|Terry Funk
|sort|1993–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Funk |first=Terry |author-link=Terry Funk |last2=Williams |first2=Scott E. |date=2013 |title=Terry Funk: More Than Just Hardcore |location=New York |publisher=Sports Publishing |chapter=Chapter 22: Back To (What Was Left of) the Territories |isbn=1613213085 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Furnas, Doug|[[Doug Furnas]]}} †
|Doug Furnas
|sort|1992–1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-14&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Gimondo, Danny|Danny Gimondo}}
|The Inferno Kid
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Gilbert, Eddie|[[Eddie Gilbert (wrestler)|Eddie Gilbert]]}} †
|Eddie Gilbert
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Golden, Jimmy|[[Bunkhouse Buck|Jimmy Golden]]}}
|Jimmy Golden
|sort|1991–1993
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Gordy, Terry|[[Terry Gordy]]}} †
|Terry Gordy
|sort|1992, 1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Meltzer |first=Dave |author-link=Dave Meltzer |date=2004 |title=Tributes II: Remembering More of the World's Greatest Professional Wrestlers |url=https://archive.org/details/tributesii00dave/page/206 |location=Champaign, Illinois |publisher=Sports Publishing LLC |page=[https://archive.org/details/tributesii00dave/page/206 206] |isbn=1582618178 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Gouldie, Archie|[[Archie Gouldie]]}} †
|The Mongolian Stomper
|sort|1992–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Oliver&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Gower, Steve|[[Steve Lawler (wrestler)|Steve Gower]]}}
|The Flame
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Gower, Terry|Terry Gower}}
|The Jailhouse Rocker
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Hamrick, Chris|[[Chris Hamrick]]}}
|Chris Hamrick
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-16&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hardy, Jeff|[[Jeff Hardy]]}}
|Jeff Hardy
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-16&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hardy, Matt|[[Matt Hardy]]}}
|Matt Hardy
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-16&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hargrove, Neal|[[Reno Riggins|Neal Hargrove]]}}
|Reno Riggins
|sort|1992–1993
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Holly&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hargrove, Rex|Rex Hargrove}}
|Rex Hargrove
|sort|1992–1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Harris, Billy|Billy Harris}}
|Hillbilly Festus
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Harris, Brian Lee|[[Brian Lee (wrestler)|Brian Lee Harris]]}}
|Brian Lee
|sort|1991–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Caprio&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Harris, Don|[[Don Harris (wrestler)|Don Harris]]}}
|Don Bruise / Don Harris
|sort|1993–1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Harris, Karl|Karl Harris}}
|Bobo Brazil Jr.
|sort|1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Harris, Ron|[[Ron Harris (wrestler)|Ron Harris]]}}
|Ron Bruise / Ron Harris
|sort|1993–1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hart, Owen|[[Owen Hart]]}} †
|Owen Hart
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Haskins, David|David Haskins}}
|Davey Rich
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Haynes, William Jr.|[[Billy Jack Haynes|William Haynes, Jr.]]}}
|Billy Jack Haynes
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hegstrand, Michael|[[Road Warrior Hawk|Michael Hegstrand]]}} †
|Road Warrior Hawk
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-14&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hickenbottom, Michael|[[Shawn Michaels|Michael Hickenbottom]]}}
|Shawn Michaels
|sort|1995 {{ref|WWF|WWF}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hildebrand, Brian|[[Brian Hildebrand]]}} †
|Kowabunga
|sort|1992, 1994–1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Hines, George|[[Jackie Fulton|George Hines]]}}
|Jackie Fulton
|sort|1991–1993, 1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hines, James|[[Bobby Fulton|James Hines]]}}
|Bobby Fulton
|sort|1991–1993, 1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Horner, Tim|[[Tim Horner]]}}
|Tim Horner / Kendo the Samurai
|sort|1991–1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Holly&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Horowitz, Barry|[[Barry Horowitz]]}}
|Barry Horowitz
|sort|1991–1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Howard, Robert|[[Hardcore Holly|Robert Howard]]}}
|Bob Holly
|sort|1991–1992
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Holly&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Imburgia, Michael|Michael Imburgia}}
|The Tower of Doom
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Irvine, Christopher|[[Chris Jericho|Christopher Irvine]]}}
|Chris Jericho
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Jericho&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofstede&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Molinaro |first=John F. |date=2002 |title=Top 100 Pro Wrestlers of All Time |location=Toronto |publisher=Winding Stair Press |page=205 |isbn=1553663055 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Itakura, Hiroshi|Hiroshi Itakura}}
|Hiroshi Itakura
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Jacobs, Glenn|[[Kane (wrestler)|Glenn Jacobs]]}}
|Unabomb
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofstede&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|James, Bradley|[[Brad Armstrong (wrestler)|Bradley James]]}} †
|Brad Armstrong
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|James, Brian|[[Road Dogg|Brian James]]}}
|Brian Armstrong / The Dark Secret
|sort|1992–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|James, Joseph Melton|[[Bob Armstrong|Joseph Melton James]]}} †
|Bob Armstrong / The Bullet
|sort|1992–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Johnson |first=Steven |last2=Oliver |first2=Greg |date=2012 |title=The Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame: Heroes and Icons |location=Toronto |publisher=ECW Press |isbn=1770902694 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|James, Joseph Scott|[[Scott Armstrong (wrestler)|Joseph Scott James]]}}
|Scott Armstrong / Dixie Dynamite
|sort|1991–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|James, Steve|[[Steve Armstrong|Steve James]]}}
|Steve Armstrong
|sort|1993–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Jannetty, Jimmy|Jimmy Jannetty}}
|Jimmy Jannetty
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Jannetty, Marty|[[Marty Jannetty]]}}
|Marty Jannetty
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Jones, Joel|[[Joel Deaton|Joel Jones]]}}
|Joel Deaton
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Kanemura, Yukihiro|[[Kouhiro Kanemura|Yukihiro Kanemura]]}}
|Yukihiro Kanemura
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Kean, Lanny|[[Cousin Junior|Lanny Kean]]}} †
|Moondog Rex
|sort|1993–1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-14&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Kees, Brian|Brian Kees}}
|Brian Logan / Gabriel Brimstone / The Hornet
|sort|1993–1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Kellum, Robert|[[The Maestro (wrestler)|Robert Kellum]]}}
|Robbie Eagle
|sort|1992–1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Keown, Wayne|[[Dutch Mantell|Wayne Keown]]}}
|Dutch Mantell
|sort|1991–1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Kindred, Christopher|[[Flash Flanagan|Christopher Kindred]]}}
|Flash Flanagan
|sort|1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Klucsaritis, Christopher|[[Chris Kanyon|Christopher Klucsaritis]]}} {{ref|Deceased|†}}
|Chris Canyon
|sort|1993
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kanyon&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Kanyon |first=Chris |author-link=Chris Kanyon |last2=Clark |first2=Ryan |date=2011 |title=Wrestling Reality: The Life and Mind of Chris Kanyon Wrestling's Gay Superstar |location=Toronto |publisher=ECW Press |pages=108–119 |isbn=1770900675 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Kyle, Mark|[[Killer Kyle|Mark Kyle]]}}
|Killer Kyle
|sort|1991–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Ladd, Terrance|[[Mustafa Saed|Terrance Ladd]]}}
|Mustafa Saed
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Loverro&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Loverro |first=Thom |date=2007 |title=The Rise &amp; Fall of ECW: Extreme Championship Wrestling |location=New York |publisher=Simon and Schuster |pages=84, 100 |isbn=1416561560 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Lane, Stan|[[Stan Lane]]}}
|Stan Lane
|sort|1992–1993
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Pope&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Reynolds&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Reynolds |first=R. D. |author-link=R. D. Reynolds |date=2003 |title=WrestleCrap: The Very Worst of Pro Wrestling |url=https://archive.org/details/wrestlecrapveryw00rdre/page/109 |location=Toronto |publisher=ECW Press |page=[https://archive.org/details/wrestlecrapveryw00rdre/page/109 109] |isbn=1550225847 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Lawler, Jerry|[[Jerry Lawler]]}}
|Jerry Lawler
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Levy, Scott|[[Raven (wrestler)|Scott Levy]]}}
|Scotty Flamingo
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Lipscomb, Ted|Ted Lipscomb}} †
|The Nightmare / Ted Allen / Power Ranger
|sort|1993–1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Llanes, Héctor|[[Héctor Guerrero|Héctor Llanes]]}}
|Héctor Guerrero
|sort|1991–1992
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Shields&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Lunde, Martin|[[Arn Anderson|Martin Lunde]]}}
|Arn Anderson
|sort|1993 {{ref|WCW|WCW}}
|
|-
|{{sort|Lynn, Jerry|[[Jerry Lynn]]}}
|Jerry Lynn
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Magliano, Joseph|[[Joey Maggs|Joseph Magliano]]}} †
|Joey Maggs
|sort|1991–1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Maraldo, Mike|[[Ace Darling|Mike Maraldo]]}}
|Mike Maraldo / [[Doink the Clown]]
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Mayze, Rob|Rob Mayze}}
|Prince Kharis / Malachi the Grim Reaper
|sort|1992–1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-14&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kanyon&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Michaels, Anthony|[[Snot Dudley|Anthony Michaels]]}}
|Anthony Michaels / Fire the Inferno
|sort|1993–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Miller, Peter|Peter Miller}}
|The Mongolian Mauler
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Morgan, Mike|[[Rip Morgan|Mike Morgan]]}}
|Rip Morgan
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Morton, Ricky|[[Ricky Morton]]}}
|Ricky Morton
|sort|1992–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Caprio&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Mucciolo, Louis Jr.|[[Louie Spicolli|Louis Mucciolo, Jr.]]}} †
|Louie Spicolli
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-14&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Murdoch, Hoyt|[[Dick Murdoch|Hoyt Murdoch]]}} †
|Dick Murdoch
|sort|1993–1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Nelson, Ricky|Ricky Nelson}}
|Rikki Nelson
|sort|1991–1992
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Nishimura, Osamu|[[Osamu Nishimura]]}}
|Osamu Nishimura
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Orndorff, Paul|[[Paul Orndorff]]}} †
|Paul Orndorff
|sort|1991–1993 {{ref|WCW|WCW}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Shields&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Orton, Bob Jr.|[[Bob Orton Jr.]]}}
|Bob Orton Jr.
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Perez, Lou|[[Lou Perez]]}}
|Lou Perez
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Pérez, Miguel|[[Miguel Pérez (wrestler)|Miguel Pérez Jr.]]}}
|Miguel Pérez Jr.
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Perras, Oreal|[[Ivan Koloff|Oreal Perras]]}} †
|Ivan Koloff
|sort|1991–1992
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Petit, Gene|[[Gene Petit]]}} †
|Cousin Luke
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Pfohl, Larry|[[Lex Luger|Larry Pfohl]]}}
|Lex Luger
|sort|1994 {{ref|WWF|WWF}}
|
|-
|{{sort|Pierce, Bill|[[Chris Michaels|Bill Pierce]]}}
|Chris Comet / Chris Michaels
|sort|1992–1993, 1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Poffo, Randy|[[Randy Savage|Randy Poffo]]}} †
|Randy Savage
|sort|1994 {{ref|WWF|WWF}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-14&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Powers, Chris|Chris Powers}}
|Stormtrooper
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Prichard, Tom|[[Tom Prichard]]}}
|Tom Prichard
|sort|1992–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Pope&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Caprio&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Rechner, Jonathan|[[Balls Mahoney|Jonathan Rechner]]}} †
|Boo Bradley / Abuddah Singh
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Rechsteiner, Robert|[[Rick Steiner|Robert Rechsteiner]]}}
|Rick Steiner
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Rechsteiner, Scott|[[Scott Steiner|Scott Rechsteiner]]}}
|Scott Steiner
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Richardson, John|John Richardson}}
|Johnny Rich
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Richardson, Thomas|[[Tommy Rich|Thomas Richardson]]}}
|Tommy Rich
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Rinehurst, Ken|[[Jack Victory|Ken Rinehurst]]}}
|Jack Victory
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Rogowski, Brian|[[Bryant Anderson|Brian Rogowski]]}}
|Bryant Anderson
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Rose, Pat|Pat Rose}}
|Pat Rose
|sort|1991–1992, 1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Rotunda, Mike|[[Mike Rotunda]]}}
|Irwin R. Schyster
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Ruth, Glenn|[[Thrasher (wrestler)|Glenn Ruth]]}}
|Headbanger Thrasher
|sort|1995 {{ref|WWF|WWF}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pope&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Samples, Michael|Michael Samples}}
|Mike Samples
|sort|1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Sarven, Allen|[[Al Snow|Allen Sarven]]}}
|Al Snow / Shinobi
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Loverro&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Sciarra, Mark|[[Rip Rogers|Mark Sciarra]]}}
|Rip Rogers
|sort|1991–1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Senerchia, Peter|[[Tazz|Peter Senerchia]]}}
|The Tasmaniac
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Severn, Dan|[[Dan Severn]]}}
|Dan Severn
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hornbaker&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Slivenski, Chad|[[Chad Slivenski]]}}
|Chad Austin
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Smedley, Robert|[[Bobby Blaze|Robert Smedley]]}}
|Bobby Blaze / The Underdog
|sort|1993–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Smith, Aurelian Jr.|[[Jake Roberts|Aurelian Smith Jr.]]}}
|Jake Roberts
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Smith, Timothy|[[Timothy Well|Timothy Smith]]}} †
|Timothy Well
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-16&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Smothers, Tracy|[[Tracy Smothers]]}} †
|Tracy Smothers
|sort|1992–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Caprio&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|South, George|[[George South]]}}
|George South / The Executioner
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-16&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Sullivan, Kevin|[[Kevin Sullivan (wrestler)|Kevin Sullivan]]}}
|Kevin Sullivan / The Master
|sort|1992–1994 {{ref|WCW|WCW}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Thompson, Curtis|[[Firebreaker Chip|Curtis Thompson]]}}
|Curtis Thompson
|sort|1993–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Traylor, Raymond|[[Big Boss Man (wrestler)|Raymond Traylor]]}} †
|Big Boss Man
|sort|1993
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Valiant, Gary|Gary Valiant}}
|Gary Scott
|sort|1992–1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Van Slater, Richard|[[Dick Slater|Richard Van Slater]]}} †
|Dick Slater
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Waltman, Sean|[[Sean Waltman]]}}
|The 1-2-3 Kid
|sort|1994 {{ref|WWF|WWF}}
|
|-
|{{sort|Warrington, Charles|[[Mosh (wrestler)|Charles Warrington]]}}
|Headbanger Mosh
|sort|1995 {{ref|WWF|WWF}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pope&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Welch, Robert|[[Robert Fuller (wrestler)|Robert Welch]]}}
|Robert Fuller
|sort|1992–1993
|
|-
|{{sort|White, Billy Jr.|Billy White Jr.}}
|Billy Black
|sort|1992, 1995
|
|-
|{{sort|White, Robert|White, Robert}}
|Moondog Splat
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Wolfe, Kelly|[[Wolfie D|Kelly Wolfe]]}}
|Wolfie D
|sort|1995 {{ref|USWA|USWA}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Womack, Steve|Steve Womack}}
|Larry Santo / The Black Ninja
|sort|1993–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Young, Jerome|[[New Jack|Jerome Young]]}} †
|New Jack
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-Intro2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Loverro&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Abdul Hassan
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Ben Jordan
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Bill Maddox
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Gregory Craig}}
|Bo Alexander
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Brian Taylor
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|The Buddha / The Mighty Buddha
|sort|1994–1995
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Carl Stiles
|sort|1992
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|The Carolina Kid
|sort|1995
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Chris Walker
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Colin West
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Daniel Little Bear
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|The Demon
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Derek Domino
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Doug Dalton
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Gator McAllister
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Greg Maddox
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|James Adkins
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|James Alls
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Jason Herd
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Jason West
|sort|1993–1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Jeff Victory
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|John Hitchcock
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Johnny Del Rio
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|[[Johnny Kidd (wrestler)|Johnny Kidd]]
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Juicy Johnny
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Kenny Arden
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|[[Keith Hart (wrestler)]]
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Lee Thomas
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Lynn Fields
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Mad Dog
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|The Master of Disaster
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Michael Collins
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Mike Furnas}}
|Mike Furnas
|sort|1993–1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-14&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Mike Mason
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Mike Samson
|sort|1992–1995
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Newton Stephie
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Paul Lee / Paul Miller
|sort|1991–1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Richie Dye
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Rick Cannon
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Rick Newsome
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Rob Morgan
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Rock Regal
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Rocky Patterson
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Ron Cumberledge
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Ron Davis}}
|Ron Davis
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-16b&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Campione, Scott|Scott Campione}}
|Scott Campione
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Scott Sandlin
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Scotty McKeever
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-16&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Shawn Power
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Silo Slim
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Brian Stanley}}
|Stan Lee
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Thunder Tiger
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|T.J. Travis
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|Tommy Pitner
|sort|1995
|
|-
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|The Wolfman
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;oww-kane&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-16b&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.kayfabememories.com/Regions/smw/smw16-2.htm |title=SMW #16 Page #2 |author=Pardue, Edward |date=2004 |website=KayfabeMemories.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

===Female wrestlers===
{| class=&quot;pretty sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%; text-align:center; width:70%;&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Birth name:
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|[[Ring name]](s):
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Tenure:
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Notes
|-
|{{sort|Green, Susan|Susan Green}}
|Susan Green
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Lee, Peggy|[[Peggy Lee Leather|Peggy Lee]]}}{{ref|Deceased|†}}
|Peggy Lee Leather
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Majors, Selina|[[Selina Majors]]}}
|Bambi
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Moore, Jacqueline|[[Jacqueline Moore]]}}
|Sgt. Rock
|sort|1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Rummel, Candace|[[Candi Devine]]}}{{ref|Deceased|†}}
|Candi Devine
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Seymour, Patty|[[Leilani Kai|Patty Seymour]]}}
|Leilani Kai
|sort|1994
|
|-
|{{sort|Szostecki, Debbie|[[Debbie Combs|Debbie Szostecki]]}}
|Debbie Combs
|sort|1994
|
|}

===Stables and tag teams===
{|style=&quot;font-size: 85%; text-align: left;&quot; class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3;&quot; width=&quot;25%&quot;|'''[[Tag team]]/[[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Stable|Stable(s)]]'''
!style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3;&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot;|'''Members'''
!style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3;&quot; width=&quot;25%&quot;|'''Tenure(s)'''
|-
|The Armstrong Brothers
|Scott and Steve Armstrong
|1993–1995
|-
|Armstrong's Army
|Bob Armstrong, Brad Armstrong,{{ref|Deceased|†}} Scott Armstrong, Steve Armstrong, Bobby Blaze, Tracey Smothers,{{ref|Deceased|†}} and The Rock 'n' Roll Express
|1993–1995
|-
|[[The Batten Twins]]
|Bart Batten and Brad Batten
|1992–1995
|-
|[[The Harris Brothers|The Bruise Brothers]]
|[[Don Harris (wrestler)|Don Bruise]] and [[Ron Harris (wrestler)|Ron Bruise]]
|1993–1994
|-
|[[The Dynamic Duo (professional wrestling)|The Dynamic Duo]]
|[[Al Snow]] and [[Kane (wrestler)|Unabomb]]
|1995
|-
|Federation of International Thugs and Eliminators
|Bruiser Bedlam,{{ref|Deceased|†}} Chris Walker, Killer Kyle, and The Funk Brothers
|1994
|-
|The Funk Brothers
|[[Dory Funk Jr.]] and [[Terry Funk]]
|1994
|-
|The Furnas Brothers
|[[Doug Furnas]]{{ref|Deceased|†}} and Mike Furnas
|1994
|-
|[[The Gangstas]]
|[[New Jack]]{{ref|Deceased|†}} and [[Mustafa Saed]]
|1994–1995
|-
|[[The Hardy Boyz|The Hardy Boys]]
|[[Jeff Hardy]] and [[Matt Hardy]]
|1995
|-
|[[The Headbangers]]
|[[Mosh (wrestler)|Headbanger Mosh]] and [[Thrasher (wrestler)|Headbanger Thrasher]]
|1995
|-
|The Infernos
|Inferno of Fire and Gabriel Brimstone
|1994–1995
|-
|[[The Moondogs (professional wrestling)|The Moondogs]]
|Moondog Rex,{{ref|Deceased|†}} Moondog Spot{{ref|Deceased|†}} and Moondog Splat
|1993–1994
|-
|Jim Cornette's Militia
|Gen. Jim Cornette, Lt. Buddy Landell,{{ref|Deceased|†}} The Punisher, Tommy Rich, Terry Gordy,{{ref|Deceased|†}} Sgt. Rock, and The Dynamic Duo
|1995
|-
|[[The Fantastics|The New Fantastics]]
|[[Bobby Fulton]] and [[Jackie Fulton]]
|1991–1993
|-
|The Party Patrol
|Davey Rich and Johnny Rich
|1992
|-
|[[PG-13 (professional wrestling)|PG-13]]
|[[J. C. Ice]] and [[Wolfie D]]
|1995
|-
|[[The Rock 'n' Roll Express]]
|Ricky Morton and Robert Gibson
|1992–1995
|-
|The Russians
|[[Ivan Koloff]]{{ref|Deceased|†}} and Vladimir Koloff
|1991
|-
|[[The Steiner Brothers]]
|[[Rick Steiner]] and [[Scott Steiner]]
|1993–1995
|-
|The Thrillseekers
|[[Chris Jericho]] and [[Lance Storm]]
|1994
|-
|[[The Thugs|The THUGS]]
|[[Tony Anthony]] and [[Tracey Smothers]]{{ref|Deceased|†}}
|1994–1995
|-
|[[Well Dunn]]
|[[Timothy Well]]{{ref|Deceased|†}} and [[Steven Dunn]]{{ref|Deceased|†}}
|1994
|}

===Managers and valets===
{| class=&quot;pretty sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%; text-align:center; width:70%;&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Birth name:
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|[[Ring name]](s):
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Tenure:
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Notes
|-
|{{sort|Cornette, Jim|[[Jim Cornette]]}}
|Jim Cornette
|sort|1991–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pope&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Reynolds&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hales, Randy|Randy Hales}}
|Randy Hales
|sort|1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-13&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Hildebrand, Brian|[[Brian Hildebrand]]}}{{ref|Deceased|†}}
|Hymie P. Schwartz / Dr. Mark Curtis
|sort|1992, 1994–1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Mitchell, James|[[James Mitchell (manager)|James Mitchell]]}}
|Daryl Van Horne
|sort|1993–1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;KM-14&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kanyon&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2005/10/21/1272667.html|title=James Mitchell not so sinister|author=Kapur, Bob|website=[[Canoe.ca|Canadian Online Explorer]]|publisher=SLAM! Wrestling|access-date=2009-11-01|date=October 26, 2005|archive-date=2013-01-15|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115093036/http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2005/10/21/1272667.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Tammy, Sytch|[[Tammy Lynn Sytch]]}}
|Tammy Fytch
|sort|1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mooneyham-PT2&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pope&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Wolser, Kimberly|Kimberly Wolser}}
|Dirty White Girl
|sort|1994–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Wright, Ronald|Ronald Wright}}
|Ron Wright
|sort|1992–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;
|}

===Commentators and interviewers===
{| class=&quot;pretty sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%; text-align:center; width:70%;&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Birth name:
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|[[Ring name]](s):
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Tenure:
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Notes
|-
|{{sort|Caudle, Bob|[[Bob Caudle]]}}
|Bob Caudle
|sort|1991–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Ensor, William|[[Buddy Landel|William Ensor]]}} {{ref|Deceased|†}}
|Buddy Landel
|sort|1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Keown, Wayne|[[Dutch Mantell|Wayne Keown]]}}
|Dutch Mantell
|sort|1991–1994
|&lt;ref name=&quot;NOTM-Feb1992&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Kessler, Chip|Chip Kessler}}
|Chip Kessler
|sort|1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Malady, Leslie|[[Les Thatcher|Leslie Malady]]}}
|Les Thatcher
|sort|1993–1995
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|-
|{{sort|Noe, Tommy|Tommy Noe}}
|Tommy Noe
|sort|1991–1995
|Ring announcer
|-
|{{sort|Rainey, Phil|Phil Rainey}}
|Phil Rainey
|sort|1992
|
|-
|{{sort|Ross, Jim|[[Jim Ross]]}}
|Jim Ross
|sort|1994–1995
|
|-
|{{sort|Russell, Lance|Lance Russell}}
|Lance Russell
|sort|1993
|
|-
|{{sort|Spangler, Scott|Scott Spangler}} †
|Brian Matthews
|sort|1992–1994
|Ring announcer&lt;ref name=&quot;Oliver&quot;/&gt;
|}

===Referees===
{| class=&quot;pretty sortable wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%; text-align:center; width:70%;&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Birth name:
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|[[Ring name]](s):
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Tenure:
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot;|Notes
|-
|{{sort|Hildebrand, Brian|[[Brian Hildebrand]]}} {{ref|Deceased|†}}
|Mark Curtis
|sort|1991–1995
|Senior referee&lt;ref name=&quot;Lentz&quot;/&gt;
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;70%&quot; style=&quot;font-size:85%; text-align:center;&quot;
!style=&quot;background: #e3e3e3;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Notes
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;| &lt;sup&gt;†&lt;/sup&gt; {{note|Deceased}}Indicates they are deceased.
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;| &lt;sup&gt;‡&lt;/sup&gt; {{note|DiedwithSMW}}Indicates they died while they were employed with Smoky Mountain Wrestling.
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;| &lt;sup&gt;USWA&lt;/sup&gt; {{note|USWA}}Indicates they were part of a talent exchange with the [[United States Wrestling Association]].
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;| &lt;sup&gt;WCW&lt;/sup&gt; {{note|WCW}}Indicates they were part of a talent exchange with [[World Championship Wrestling]].
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;| &lt;sup&gt;WWF&lt;/sup&gt; {{note|WWF}}Indicates they were part of a talent exchange with the [[World Wrestling Federation]].
|}

==Kundivihira==
;Di zaa
*{{cite web |url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/smw/index.html |title=The Complete History of Smoky Mountain Wrestling |website=ProWrestlingHistory.com }}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/smwresults.htm |title=Smoky Mountain Wrestling Results |author=Cawthon, Graham |website=TheHistoryofWWE.com }}

;Zaɣi gansi
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.cagematch.net/?id=8&amp;nr=32&amp;page=16 Smoky Mountain Wrestling alumni at Cagematch.net]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*{{IMDb title|4007576|Smoky Mountain Wrestling}}
*[http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/promotions/smw.html Smoky Mountain Wrestling alumni at OWW.com]
*[http://wrestlingdata.com/index.php?befehl=ligen&amp;kategorie=2&amp;liga=150&amp;infos=1 Smoky Mountain Wrestling alumni at Wrestlingdata.com]
*[https://sites.google.com/site/chrisharrington/smw_results Pro Wrestling Statistics: Smoky Mountain Wrestling (1991 to 1995)]

{{Smoky Mountain Wrestling}}

[[Category:Lists of professional wrestling personnel|Smoky Mountain Wrestling alumni]]
[[Category:Smoky Mountain Wrestling]]</text>
      <sha1>ep5cper41iemlc7eska8sdgjlnc4a85</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Loretta Lynn ni deei pini shɛŋa mini piibu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24695</id>
    <revision>
      <id>135971</id>
      <parentid>119337</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T23:42:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>118</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>135971</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="20127" sha1="96evhe3m3f5bgvx0gach23o0bd7x1o8" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|None}}
{{Cleanup bare URLs|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox Musician Awards
| name = Loretta Lynn
| image = Loretta Lynn.jpg
| image_size = 220px
| alt = 
| caption = 
| wins = 
| nominations = 
| customs = 
{{Infobox musician awards/customs|[[Academy of Country Music Awards]]|13|46}}
{{Infobox musician awards/customs|[[American Music Awards]]|7|7}}
{{Infobox musician awards/customs|[[Americana Music Honors &amp; Awards|Americana Music Awards]]|3|4}}
{{Infobox musician awards/customs|[[Billboard Women in Music|Billboard Music Awards]]|1|1}}
{{Infobox musician awards/customs|[[Country Music Association Awards]]|8|39}}
{{Infobox musician awards/customs|[[Grammy Awards]]|4|17}}
{{Infobox musician awards/customs|[[Music City News Awards|Music City News/CMT Awards]]|21|21}}
}}
Lahabali ŋɔ nyɛla American tiŋgbani yili yiinda, yili sabira [[Loretta Lynn]] ni deei pini kari shɛŋa mini o ni nya piibu shɛŋa

==Pina==
===1960s===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Year
! Award Program
! Award &lt;ref name=&quot;Loretta Lynn Awards - CMT.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Loretta Lynn Awards – CMT.com|url=http://www.cmt.com/artists/az/lynn_loretta/awards.jhtml|website=www.cmt.com|publisher=CMT.com|access-date=30 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015121243/http://www.cmt.com/artists/az/lynn_loretta/awards.jhtml|archive-date=October 15, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|1967
| [[Country Music Association Awards]]
| Female Vocalist of the Year
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|Music City News Country
| Female Artist of the Year
|-
| 1968
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Female Artist of the Year
|-
| 1969
|}

===1970s===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Year
! Award Program
! Award &lt;ref name=&quot;Loretta Lynn Awards - CMT.com&quot;/&gt;
|-
| 1970
| Music City News Country
| Female Artist of the Year
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |1971
| Grammy Awards
| Best Country Vocal Performance by a Duo Or Group
&quot;After the Fire Is Gone&quot; with [[Conway Twitty]]&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;
|-
| [[Academy of Country Music Awards]]
| Top Female Vocalist
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Music City News Country
| Female Artist of the Year
|-
| Vocal Duo of the Year; w/ [[Conway Twitty]]
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot;|1972
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Music City News Country
| Female Artist of the Year
|-
| Vocal Duo of the Year; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|Country Music Association Awards
| Entertainer of the Year
|-
| Female Vocalist of the Year
|-
| Vocal Duo of the Year; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot;|1973
| Academy of Country Music Awards
| Top Female Vocalist
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Music City News Country
| Female Artist of the Year
|-
| Vocal Duo of the Year; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Country Music Association Awards
| Female Vocalist of the Year
|-
| Vocal Duo of the Year; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot;|1974
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Academy of Country Music Awards
| Top Female Vocalist
|-
| Top Vocal Duo; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Music City News Country
| Female Artist of the Year
|-
| Vocal Duo of the Year; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| Country Music Association Awards
| Vocal Duo of the Year; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |1975
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|Academy of Country Music Awards
| Entertainer of the Year
|-
| Top Album of the Year; ''Fellin's'' (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| Top Female Vocalist
|-
| Top Vocal Duo; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
|Country Music Association Awards
|Vocal Duo of the Year (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| [[American Music Awards]]
| Favorite Country Band / Duo / Group; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|1976
| Academy of Country Music Awards
| Top Vocal Duo; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|Music City News Country
| Female Artist of the Year
|-
| Vocal Duo of the Year; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| Album of the Year
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|1977
| Female Artist of the Year
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|American Music Awards
| Favorite Female Country Artist
|-
| Favorite Country Band / Duo / Group; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|1978
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Music City News Country
| Female Vocalist of the Year
|-
| Vocal Duo of the Year; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|American Music Awards
| Favorite Female Artist
|-
| Favorite Country Band / Duo / Group; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
|1978
|Hollywood
|Walk of Fame&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.walkoffame.com/loretta-lynn|title=Loretta Lynn {{!}} Hollywood Walk of Fame|website=www.walkoffame.com|language=en-US|access-date=30 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 1979
| Academy of Country Music Awards
| Artist of the Decade
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|1980
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|Music City News Country
| Female Artist of the Year
|-
| Vocal Duo of the Year; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|-
|}

===1980s===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Year
! Award Program
! Award &lt;ref name=&quot;Loretta Lynn Awards - CMT.com&quot;/&gt;
|-
| 1981
| Vocal Duo of the Year; (w/ Conway Twitty)
|
|-
|1983
|Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame
|Inducted&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame: Loretta Lynn|url=http://nashvillesongwritersfoundation.com/Site/inductee?entry_id=2887|website=nashvillesongwritersfoundation.com|publisher=Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame|access-date=26 August 2017|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|1985
|American Music Award of Merit&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1985-01-10/features/8501020853_1_country-music-american-music-awards-willie-nelson|title=Loretta Lynn To Receive Merit Award|work=tribunedigital-chicagotribune|access-date=30 May 2017|language=en|archive-date=2015-10-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151023192101/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1985-01-10/features/8501020853_1_country-music-american-music-awards-willie-nelson|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| 1986
| Living Legend Award
|
|-
| 1986
| Golden Plate Award of the [[Academy of Achievement|American Academy of Achievement]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title= Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url= https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
| 1988
| [[Country Music Hall of Fame]]
| Inducted&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Inductees List|url=http://countrymusichalloffame.org/Inductees#p4|website=Country Music Hall of Fame|publisher=Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum|access-date=26 August 2017|archive-date=15 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415174529/http://countrymusichalloffame.org/Inductees#p4|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

===1990s===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Year
! Award Program
! Award &lt;ref name=&quot;Loretta Lynn Awards - CMT.com&quot;/&gt;
|-
|1994
| Academy of Country Music Awards
| Cliffie Stone Pioneer Award&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Cliffie Stone Pioneer Award|url=http://www.cliffiestone.com/Cliffie/cliffie_c_awardlist.htm|website=www.cliffiestone.com|access-date=26 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 1997
| Grammy Awards
| Hall of Fame Awards
|-
|1998
|Grammy Hall of Fame
|Single 1970 - Coal Miner's Daughter&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.grammy.org/recording-academy/awards/hall-of-fame#l|title=GRAMMY Hall Of Fame – Coal Miner's Daughter|website=The GRAMMYs|language=en|access-date=29 May 2017|archive-date=26 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626200735/https://www.grammy.org/recording-academy/awards/hall-of-fame#l|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 1999
| Country-Gospel Music Hall of Fame
| Inducted
|}

===2000s===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Year
! Award Program
! Award &lt;ref name=&quot;Loretta Lynn Awards - CMT.com&quot;/&gt;
|-
| 2001
| [[VH1|VH1's 100 Greatest Women of Rock &amp; Roll]]
| Ranking - #65&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1999/vh1women.htm|title=Rock On The Net: VH1: 100 Greatest Women of Rock &amp; Roll|website=www.rockonthenet.com|access-date=29 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2002
| [[Country Music Television|CMT's 40 Greatest Women of Country Music]]
| Ranking - #3&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.amiannoying.com/(S(tstrt3n3qxsa0eh14xa3qczv))/collection.aspx?collection=1909|title=AmIAnnoying.com – CMT's 40 Greatest Women in Country Music [2003]|website=www.amiannoying.com|access-date=29 May 2017}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2003
| [[Kennedy Center Honors]]
| Recipient&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.kennedy-center.org/artist/A5729|title=Loretta Lynn|website=www.kennedy-center.org|language=en|access-date=29 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| 2004
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[Americana Music Honors &amp; Awards|Americana Music Association Awards]]
| Artist of the Year&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://americanamusic.org/awards?page=12|title=The Americana Music Association – 2004 – Loretta Lynn|website=americanamusic.org|access-date=29 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Album of the Year - [[Van Lear Rose]]&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|2004
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|47th Grammy Awards
| ''[[Best Country Album]]''; ''[[Van Lear Rose]]''&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/47th-annual-grammy-awards|title=47th Annual GRAMMY Awards|date=2013-01-15|work=The Recording Academy|access-date=29 May 2017|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| ''[[Best Country Collaboration with Vocals]]''; (w/ [[Jack White (musician)|Jack White]])&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
|-
| CMT Awards
| Johnny Cash Visionary Award&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.cmt.com/news/1497940/cmt-names-loretta-lynn-the-2005-recipient-of-the-johnny-cash-visionary-award/|title=CMT Names Loretta Lynn the 2005 Recipient of the Johnny Cash Visionary Award|work=CMT News|access-date=29 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2007
|Grammy Awards
|The Recording Academy Nashville Chapter's Recording Academy Honors Award.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/loretta-lynn|title=Loretta Lynn|date=2017-05-14|work=The Recording Academy|access-date=29 May 2017|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2008
|Songwriters Hall of Fame
|1953–Present&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Loretta Lynn {{!}} Songwriters Hall of Fame|url=https://www.songhall.org/profile/loretta_lynn|website=www.songhall.org|access-date=27 August 2017|archive-date=23 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023074204/https://www.songhall.org/profile/loretta_lynn|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2010
|Grammy Awards
|President's Merit Award&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/loretta-lynn-honored-presidents-merit-award|title=Loretta Lynn Honored With President's Merit Award|date=2010-10-12|work=The Recording Academy|access-date=29 May 2017|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2010
|Grammy Awards
|Lifetime Achievement Award&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;
|-
| 2013
| [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]]
| Recipient&lt;ref name=Obama20130808&gt;{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/08/08/president-obama-names-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients|title=President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|publisher=Office of the Press Secretary, The White House|date=August 8, 2013|access-date=8 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2014
|Academy of Country Music Awards
|Crystal Milestone Award
|-
| 2014
| [[Americana Music Honors &amp; Awards|Americana Music Association Awards]]
| Lifetime Achievement for Songwriting&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://americanamusic.org/awards/2014|title=The Americana Music Association – 2014 – Loretta Lynn|website=americanamusic.org|access-date=29 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2015
|Nashville Music City
|Walk of Fame&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.visitmusiccity.com/walkoffame/stars/loretta-lynn.html|title=Loretta Lynn {{!}} Nashville Walk of Fame|website=www.visitmusiccity.com|access-date=30 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2017
| [[59th Annual Grammy Awards|59th Grammy Awards]]
| [[Grammy Award for Best Country Album|Best Country Album]] – ''[[Full Circle (Loretta Lynn album)|Full Circle]]'' Nominated&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;
|-
| 2018
| CMT Artist's of the Year Awards
| Artist of a Lifetime&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://tasteofcountry.com/gdpr/consent/?redirect=/loretta-lynn-2018-cmt-artist-of-a-lifetime/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-09-16 |archive-date=2023-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003023829/https://tasteofcountry.com/gdpr/consent/?redirect=/loretta-lynn-2018-cmt-artist-of-a-lifetime/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

===2010s-present===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Year
! Award Program
! Award 
|-
| 2021
| [[Academy of Country Music Awards]]
| Poet's Award&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://eu.tennessean.com/story/entertainment/2021/06/15/2021-acm-honors-recipients-include-luke-combs-loretta-lynn-dan-shay-toby-keith-lady-a/7699700002/|title = Loretta Lynn, Luke Combs, Dan + Shay among this year's ACM Honors recipients}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2022
|Kentucky Country Music Association
|Legend Award
|}

==Academy of Country Music Awards==
{{awards table}}
|-
| 1969
| rowspan=3| Top Female Vocalist
| rowspan=5| Loretta Lynn
| {{nom}}
|-
| 1970
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=7| 1971
| {{won}}
|-
| Top Television Personality
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Academy of Country Music Award for Entertainer of the Year|Entertainer of the Year]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| Song of the Year
| rowspan=2|&quot;[[Lead Me On (Conway Twitty and Loretta Lynn song)|Lead Me On]]&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=2| Single of the Year
| {{nom}}
|-
| &quot;[[One's on the Way]]&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=2| Top Vocal Group
| rowspan=2| Conway Twitty &amp; Loretta Lynn
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=3| 1972
| {{nom}}
|-
| Entertainer of the Year
| rowspan=3| Loretta Lynn
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=2|Top Female Vocalist
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=4| 1973
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=2| Album of the Year
| ''[[Louisiana Woman, Mississippi Man]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| ''[[Love Is the Foundation]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=2|Top Vocal Group
| rowspan=2|Conway Twitty &amp; Loretta Lynn
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=4| 1974
| {{won}}
|-
| Album of the Year
| ''[[They Don't Make 'Em Like My Daddy]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| Top Female Vocalist
| rowspan=4| Loretta Lynn
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=2| Entertainer of the Year
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=5| 1975
| {{won}}
|-
| Top Female Vocalist
| {{won}}
|-
| Top Vocal Group
| Conway Twitty &amp; Loretta Lynn
| {{won}}
|-
| Song of the Year
| &quot;[[When the Tingle Becomes a Chill (song)|When the Tingle Becomes a Chill]]&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=2| Album of the Year
| ''[[Feelins' (album)|Feelins']]'' &lt;small&gt;(with [[Conway Twitty]])&lt;/small&gt;
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=6| 1976
| ''[[Somebody Somewhere (album)|Somebody Somewhere]]''
| {{nom}}
|-
| Single of the Year
| rowspan=2| &quot;[[Somebody Somewhere (Don't Know What He's Missin' Tonight)]]&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| Song of the Year
| {{nom}}
|-
| Top Vocal Group
| Conway Twitty &amp; Loretta Lynn
| {{won}}
|-
| Top Female Vocalist
| rowspan=4| Loretta Lynn
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=2|Entertainer of the Year
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=3| 1977
| {{nom}}
|-
| Female Vocalist of the Year
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=2|Top Vocal Group
| rowspan=2|Conway Twitty &amp; Loretta Lynn
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=4| 1978
| {{nom}}
|-
| Single of the Year
| &quot;[[Out of My Head and Back in My Bed]]&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| Female Vocalist of the Year
| rowspan=5|Loretta Lynn
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=2|Entertainer of the Year
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=3| 1979
| {{nom}}
|-
| Artist of the Decade
| {{won}}
|-
| Female Vocalist of the Year
| {{nom}}
|-
| 1980
| rowspan=2| Top Vocal Duet
| rowspan=2| Conway Twitty &amp; Loretta Lynn
| {{nom}}
|-
| 1981
| {{nom}}
|-
| 1994
| Pioneer Award
| Loretta Lynn
| {{won}}
|-
| 2010
| Vocal Event of the Year &lt;small&gt;(with [[Miranda Lambert]] and [[Sheryl Crow]])&lt;/small&gt;
| &quot;[[Coal Miner's Daughter: A Tribute to Loretta Lynn|Coal Miner's Daughter]]&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| 2014
| Crystal Milestone Award
| rowspan=2| Loretta Lynn
| {{won}}
|-
| 2021
| Poet's Award
| {{won}}
|}

==American Music Awards==
{{awards table}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|[[American Music Awards of 1975|1975]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Conway Twitty &amp; Loretta Lynn
| Favorite Country Group
|{{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|[[American Music Awards of 1977|1977]]
| Favorite Country Group
|{{won}}
|-
| rowspan=2|Loretta Lynn
| rowspan=2|Favorite Country Female
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|[[American Music Awards of 1978|1978]]
| {{won}}
|-
| Conway Twitty &amp; Loretta Lynn
| Favorite Country Group
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|[[American Music Awards of 1985|1985]]
| Loretta Lynn
| Award of Merit
| {{won}}
|}

==Americana Music Honors &amp; Awards==
{{awards table}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|2004
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Loretta Lynn
| Artist of the Year
|{{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|''[[Van Lear Rose]]''
| Album of the Year
|{{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|&quot;Portland, Oregon&quot;
| Song of the Year
|{{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|2014
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Loretta Lynn
| Lifetime Achievement Award for Songwriting
|{{won}}
|}

==Billboard Women in Music Awards==
{{awards table}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|2015
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|Loretta Lynn
| Legend Award
|{{won}}
|}

==Grammy Awards==
{{awards table}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[9th Annual Grammy Awards|1966]]
| &quot;[[Don't Come Home A-Drinkin' (With Lovin' on Your Mind)]]&quot;
| [[Best Female Country Vocal Performance|Best Country &amp; Western Vocal Performance, Female]]
|{{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[14th Annual Grammy Awards|1971]]
| &quot;[[After the Fire Is Gone]]&quot; &lt;small&gt;(with [[Conway Twitty]])&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=2|[[Best Country Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group]]
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[15th Annual Grammy Awards|1972]]
| ''[[Lead Me On (Conway Twitty and Loretta Lynn album)|Lead Me On]]'' &lt;small&gt;(with [[Conway Twitty]])&lt;/small&gt;
| {{nom}}
|-
| &quot;[[One's on the Way]]&quot;
| [[Best Country Vocal Performance, Female]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[16th Annual Grammy Awards|1973]]
|&quot;[[Louisiana Woman, Mississippi Man (song)|Louisiana Woman, Mississippi Man]]&quot; &lt;small&gt;(with [[Conway Twitty]])&lt;/small&gt;
|rowspan=2|[[Best Country Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[18th Annual Grammy Awards|1975]]
| &quot;[[Feelins']]&quot; &lt;small&gt;(with [[Conway Twitty]])&lt;/small&gt;
| {{nom}}
|-
| &quot;[[The Pill (song)|The Pill]]&quot;
| [[Best Country Vocal Performance, Female]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[19th Annual Grammy Awards|1976]]
| &quot;[[The Letter (Conway Twitty and Loretta Lynn song)|The Letter]]&quot; &lt;small&gt;(with [[Conway Twitty]])&lt;/small&gt;
|rowspan=2|[[Best Country Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[20th Annual Grammy Awards|1977]]
| ''[[Dynamic Duo (Conway Twitty and Loretta Lynn album)|Dynamic Duo]]'' &lt;small&gt;(with [[Conway Twitty]])&lt;/small&gt;
| {{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[31st Annual Grammy Awards|1988]]
| &quot;Honky Tonk Angels Medley&quot; &lt;small&gt;(with [[k.d. lang]], [[Brenda Lee]] and [[Kitty Wells]])&lt;/small&gt;
| rowspan=3| [[Best Country Vocal Collaboration]]
| {{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[37th Annual Grammy Awards|1994]]
| &quot;[[Silver Threads and Golden Needles]]&quot; &lt;small&gt;(with [[Dolly Parton]] and [[Tammy Wynette]])&lt;/small&gt;
| {{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[47th Annual Grammy Awards|2004]]
| rowspan=2|&quot;Portland, Oregon&quot; &lt;small&gt;(with [[Jack White]])&lt;/small&gt;
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan=2| [[Best Country Song]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=2| &quot;Miss Being Mrs.&quot;
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Best Female Country Vocal Performance]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| ''[[Van Lear Rose]]''
| [[Grammy Award for Best Country Album|Best Country Album]]
| {{won}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[53rd Annual Grammy Awards|2010]]
| Loretta Lynn
| [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award|Lifetime Achievement Award]]
| {{won}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[59th Annual Grammy Awards|2016]]
| ''[[Full Circle (Loretta Lynn album)|Full Circle]]''
| [[Best Country Album]]
| {{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;text-align:left;&quot;|[[61st Annual Grammy Awards|2018]]
| &quot;Wouldn't It Be Great?&quot;
| [[Best Country Solo Performance]]
| {{nom}}
|}

==Kundivihira ==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Loretta Lynn}}
{{1980s Country Music Hall of Fame}}
{{Grand Ole Opry members}}
{{Kennedy Center Honorees 2000s}}

[[Category:Lists of awards received by American musician|Lynn, Loretta]]
[[Category:Loretta Lynn|Awards]]</text>
      <sha1>96evhe3m3f5bgvx0gach23o0bd7x1o8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>List of disasters in Australia by death toll</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>135916</id>
      <parentid>133816</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T18:25:46Z</timestamp>
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        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>118</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="237660" sha1="1he3385tzuo2tci8jd2myid2umc2n4x" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|None}}
{{Use Australian English|date=December 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}

Alaamu shɛŋa din niŋ [[Australia]] '''ka ʒi kpibu na'''.

==Kɔbigu bee kpibu din gari==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Alaamu!! style=&quot;width: 16em;&quot; |Alaamu!!  Kpibu!! style=&quot;width: 10em;&quot; | Dabisili !! Noosi
|-
| Pandemic || Australia-wide || 19,265&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Mathieu |first=Edouard |last2=Ritchie |first2=Hannah |last3=Rodés-Guirao |first3=Lucas |last4=Appel |first4=Cameron |last5=Giattino |first5=Charlie |last6=Hasell |first6=Joe |last7=Macdonald |first7=Bobbie |last8=Dattani |first8=Saloni |last9=Beltekian |first9=Diana |last10=Ortiz-Ospina |first10=Esteban |last11=Roser |first11=Max |date=2020-03-05 |title=Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) |url=https://ourworldindata.org/covid-deaths |journal=Our World in Data}}&lt;/ref&gt; || 2020 Jan – 2023 May||[[COVID-19 pandemic in Australia]], part of the worldwide [[COVID-19 pandemic]].
|-
| Pandemic || Australia-wide || 12,000+ || 1918–1920 || [[1918 flu pandemic]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ballaratgenealogy.org.au/digby/1919flu.htm |author1=Anne Grant |title=Influenza Pandemic 1919 Portland Victoria |website=Ballarat Genealogy |access-date=16 February 2019 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040917020632/http://www.ballaratgenealogy.org.au/digby/1919flu.htm |archive-date=17 September 2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Epidemic || Australia-wide || 8,000+ || 1875–1876 || [[Scarlet fever]] epidemic.&lt;ref&gt;Curson, P H. Times of Crisis: Epidemics in Sydney 1788–1900. Sydney University Press, 1988. p-74.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Volcanic eruption || [[Territory of Papua and New Guinea]] || 2,942 || 1951 Jan || [[1951 eruption of Mount Lamington]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Report on Lamington (Papua New Guinea) — June 2001 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program |doi=10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN200106-253010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Epidemic || Western Australia || 2,000+ || 1891–1910 || Australia's worst [[typhoid]] epidemic. Worst-affected areas were the WA Goldfields where over-crowding and un-sanitary living conditions were rife. Official death toll was close to 2,000 but actual toll much higher.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://sjog.org.au/news-and-media/news/2016/12/07/12/28/the-pioneering-sisters |title=The pioneering Sisters |website=sjog.org.au |access-date=29 January 2024 |archive-date=6 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106081750/https://www.sjog.org.au/news-and-media/news/2016/12/07/12/28/the-pioneering-sisters |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/explore/wa-goldfields/dangerous-life/typhoid-fever-raging-epidemic |title=Typhoid Fever: A Raging Epidemic |website=museum.wa.gov.au}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Epidemic || Australia-wide || 1,013 || 1946–1955 || [[Poliomyelitis|Polio]] epidemic.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/bdce55e769189d82ca256d3300058393?OpenDocument |title=Australia: Polio Epidemic |access-date=22 February 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012141225/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/bdce55e769189d82ca256d3300058393?OpenDocument |archive-date=12 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Epidemic || New South Wales || 750 to 2,600 || 1789 || [[Smallpox]] epidemic among Aboriginal peoples&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Dowling |first1=Peter J. |title=&quot;A Great Deal of Sickness&quot; – Introduced diseases among the Aboriginal People of colonial Southeast Australia 1788–1900 |date=1997 |publisher=Australian National University |location=Canberra |page=64 |url=https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/7529/1/02Whole_Dowling.pdf |access-date=26 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Epidemic || Sydney, New South Wales || 748 || 1867 Feb–June || [[Measles]] epidemic in Sydney city &amp; inner suburbs. Most of the victims were children under the age of 4.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://dictionaryofsydney.org/event/measles_epidemic_1867 |title=Measles epidemic 1867}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Epidemic || Australia-wide || 535 || 1900–1925 || [[Bubonic plague]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |access-date=29 September 2021 |title=Health - Bubonic plague |url=https://www.knowledge.aidr.org.au/resources/health-bubonic-plague/ |website=Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Bushfires 
|Australia-wide
|479
|2019–2020
|The [[2019–20 Australian bushfire season|Black Summer]] bushfires killed 479 people; 34 people from flames, and 445 people from smoke exposure. Future deaths from cardiovascular conditions and cancer are predicted.[https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/may/26/australias-summer-bushfire-smoke-killed-445-and-put-thousands-in-hospital-inquiry-hears]
|-
| [[Heat wave]] || Victoria || 438 || 1938 Dec – 1939 Feb || Heat wave killed 438 and sparked the [[Black Friday (1939)|Black Friday bushfires]] (see below).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/34f87409ebfb4297ca256d3300057c35?OpenDocument&amp;Highlight=0,heatwave |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120729021740/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/34f87409ebfb4297ca256d3300057c35?OpenDocument&amp;Highlight=0,heatwave |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 July 2012 |title=Southern States, Australia: Heatwave |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=10 February 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || South-eastern Australia || 437 || 1895 Dec – 1896 Jan ||Widespread heat wave killed 437, including 47 in [[Bourke, New South Wales]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/eb0eb29d93fdd5aeca256d3300057cd0?OpenDocument |title=Southern Regions, Australia: Heatwave |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=22 February 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023105908/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/eb0eb29d93fdd5aeca256d3300057cd0?OpenDocument |archive-date=23 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Cyclone]] || [[Bathurst Bay]], [[Queensland]] || 410 || 1899 Mar 4 || [[Cyclone Mahina]]; estimated toll.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/40e758f025b7a858ca256d3300057cd3?OpenDocument |title=Bathurst Bay, Qld: Cyclone (incl Storm Surge) |access-date=11 February 2009 |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090316024315/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/40e758f025b7a858ca256d3300057cd3?OpenDocument |archive-date=16 March 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Shipwreck]] || [[King Island (Tasmania)|King Island]], [[Tasmania]] || 406 || 1845 Aug 4 || The ''[[Cataraqui (ship)|Cataraqui]]'' was wrecked when it crashed into rocks off the coast of King Island in stormy weather at 4:30 in the morning on 4 August.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=View Shipwreck – Cataraqui |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/shipwreck/public/wreck/wreck.do?key=6982 |website=Australian National Shipwreck Database |publisher=Department of the Environment and Energy |access-date=26 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EMACataraqui&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/876de5c011f10faeca256d3300058340?OpenDocument |title=King Island, Tas: Shipwreck in Storm |access-date=22 February 2006 |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012141759/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/876de5c011f10faeca256d3300058340?OpenDocument |archive-date=12 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; With 400 dead (another source states 406), it was Australia's worst civil maritime disaster.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cataraqui shipwreck |url=https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/cataraqui-shipwreck |website=Defining Moments |publisher=National Museum Australia |access-date=26 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EMACataraqui&quot;/&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || South-eastern Australia || 374 || 2009 Jan 25 – 9 Feb || [[Early 2009 southeastern Australia heat wave|A nine-day heat wave in early 2009]] in which [[Adelaide]] recorded six consecutive days over {{convert|40|°C|°F}}, a high of {{convert|45.7|°C|°F}} and a record overnight minimum of {{convert|33.9|°C|°F}} on 28 January.&lt;ref&gt;75 excess deaths attributed to heat stress were recorded in the Adelaide metropolitan area, 33 in [[Melbourne]] and an unknown number in country areas.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.wmo.int/pages/publications/meteoworld/archive/feb09/heatwave_en.html |title=WMO's Newsletter:MeteoWorld |publisher=[[WMO]] |date=February 2009 |access-date=11 January 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sparked the [[Black Saturday bushfires]] (see below). Health authorities attribute 374 deaths to the heat wave.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/national/victorias-heatwave-claimed-374-lives-20090406-9ubd.html |location=Melbourne |work=The Age |title=Death toll soared during Victoria's heatwave |first=Mex |last=Cooper |date=6 April 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Gippsland]] Victoria|| 300+ || 1840–1850 || [[Gippsland massacres]] – The Aboriginal people of East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia, known as the Gunai/Kurnai people, fought against the European colonisation of their traditional hunting grounds. At least 300 people were killed, but other figures estimate up to 1,000.
|- 
| Shipwreck || {{Nowrap|coast near [[Murchison River (Western Australia)|Murchison River]], [[Western Australia]]}} || 286 || 1712 Jun || Sinking of Dutch ship ''[[Zuytdorp]]'', which was wrecked off the coast near [[Kalbarri, Western Australia|Kalbarri]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zuytdorp |url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/maritime-archaeology-db/wrecks/id-811 |website=Shipwreck Databases |publisher=Western Australian Museum |access-date=26 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; There has been speculation that there were survivors, who may have been assisted by local Aboriginal Australians.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The Zuytdorp Story |url=http://www.vochistory.org.au/zuytdorp.html |publisher=VOC Historical Society |access-date=26 February 2019 |archive-date=27 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227193610/http://vochistory.org.au/zuytdorp.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/wa/zuytdorp.htm |title=Shipwrecks &quot; Zuytdorp |publisher=Abc.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Sinking || Off [[North Stradbroke Island]], [[Queensland]] || 268 || 1943 May 14 ||[[File:AU AHS Centaur mem.jpg|thumb|[[AHS Centaur|Centaur]] memorial]] [[AHS Centaur|Sinking of AHS ''Centaur'']]. Hospital ship torpedoed by a Japanese submarine.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.anzacday.org.au/history/ww2/anecdotes/1943.html |title=The sinking of the Australian Hospital Ship Centaur |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130410111639/http://anzacday.org.au/history/ww2/anecdotes/1943.html |archive-date=10 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;The ''[[AHS Centaur|Centaur]]'' memorial, in Point Danger, [[Coolangatta, Queensland]], commemorates the sinking of the hospital ship AHS ''Centaur'' in 1943, which claimed 268 lives.
|-
| Heat wave|| Southern states || 246 || 1907 Dec – 1908 Jan||There were 105 deaths in South Australia alone (between 7 December 1907 and 8 February 1908).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/e87d3ab2dd8d9ec8ca256d3300057cda?OpenDocument |title=Southern States, Australia: Heatwave |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=22 February 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013163101/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/e87d3ab2dd8d9ec8ca256d3300057cda?OpenDocument |archive-date=13 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[strategic bombing|Air raid]]s || [[Darwin, Northern Territory]] || 243 || 1942 Feb 19 ||[[File:Darwin 42.jpg|thumb|[[Japanese air raids on Darwin]]]] [[Bombing of Darwin (February 1942)|First bombings of Darwin]]. The first Japanese air raids against Australia. There were two air raids on Darwin on 19 February 1942, the first one began around 10&amp;nbsp;am, the second around 11:45&amp;nbsp;am.&lt;ref name=&quot;NNAdarwin&quot;/&gt; The toll may have been higher because itinerants and Aboriginal Australians may be under-represented in the official count.&lt;ref name=&quot;NNAdarwin&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The bombing of Darwin – Fact sheet 195 |url=http://www.naa.gov.au/collection/fact-sheets/fs195.aspx |publisher=National Archives of Australia |access-date=24 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426095549/http://www.naa.gov.au/collection/fact-sheets/fs195.aspx |archive-date=26 April 2018 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Prison break || [[Cowra, New South Wales]] || 235–238 || 1944 Aug 5 || [[Cowra breakout]].[[File:Cowrapowcamp.jpg|thumb|Japanese prisoners of war]] Escape by Japanese POWs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/cowra/doc.htm |title=The prison breakout at Cowra, August 1944 [Australian War Memorial&amp;#93; |publisher=Awm.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413040044/http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/cowra/doc.htm |archive-date=13 April 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.naa.gov.au/Publications/fact_sheets/fs198.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050901171134/http://www.naa.gov.au/Publications/fact_sheets/fs198.html|date=1 September 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Japanese prisoners of war practise baseball on the sports ground near their quarters, several weeks before the 1944 [[Cowra breakout]], in which at least 235 people died
|-
| Pandemic || Australia-wide || 234 || 1890 || [[1889-90 flu pandemic]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/epidemics |title=Epidemics – The Dictionary of Sydney |website=dictionaryofsydney.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[King Island (Tasmania)|King Island]], [[Tasmania]] || 224 || 1835 May 13 || The convict ship the {{ship||Neva |1813 ship)|2}}, was wrecked on Navarine Reef near King Island in the early hours of 13 May 1835.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/3a53145d912aa8bcca256d3300057e4d?OpenDocument |title=Off King Island, Tas: Shipwreck |publisher=Ema.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027080738/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/3a53145d912aa8bcca256d3300057e4d?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The wreck of the Neva |url=http://www.kingisland.net.au/~maritime/neva.htm |website=King Island Maritime Trail |publisher=King Island Online |access-date=24 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110822192627/http://www.kingisland.net.au/~maritime/neva.htm |archive-date=22 August 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=View Shipwreck – Neva |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/shipwreck/public/wreck/wreck.do?key=7542 |website=Australian National Shipwreck Database |publisher=Department of Environment, Commonweath of Australia |access-date=24 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Western Australia]]|| 212 || 1726 || ''[[Aagtekerke (ship)|Aagtekerke]]. '' Possibly WA, but there is some doubt on this.&lt;ref&gt;[[:nl:Lijst van rampen buiten Nederland met Nederlandse dodelijke slachtoffers]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Pandemic || Australia-wide || 191 || 2009 || [[2009 flu pandemic in Australia]]. 191 confirmed deaths. Death toll possibly as high as 1600.
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Ledge Point, Western Australia]] || 186 || 1656 Apr 28 || The ''[[Vergulde Draeck]]'' bound for [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]], was wrecked near Ledge Point on 28 April 1656.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Vergulde Draeck (Gilt Dragon) |url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/maritime-archaeology-db/wrecks/id-786 |website=Shipwreck Databases |publisher=Western Australian Museum |access-date=24 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/a4d3693bebf09393ca256d3300057e47?OpenDocument |title=Emergency Management Australia, Disaster Database |access-date=22 February 2006}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Bushfire]]s || [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] || 173 || 2009 Feb 7 || The [[Black Saturday bushfires]] broke out on 7 February 2009, strong winds gusted up to 100&amp;nbsp;km/h, allowing the fires to spread quickly.&lt;ref name=&quot;BlackSat&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Bushfire – Black Saturday |url=https://knowledge.aidr.org.au/resources/bushfire-black-saturday-victoria-2009/ |website=Australian Disaster Resilience Knowledge Hub |publisher=Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience |access-date=24 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; The final death toll was 173, with over 2000 houses destroyed.&lt;ref name=&quot;BlackSat&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title='Black Saturday' bushfires |url=https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/black-saturday-bushfires |website=Defining Moments |publisher=National Museum Australia |access-date=24 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone/sinking || [[Western Australia]] || 150+ || 1912 Mar 21–22 || The {{SS|Koombana}} was lost in a cyclone between [[Port Hedland, Western Australia|Port Hedland]] and [[Broome, Western Australia|Broome]] during a cyclone with all on board (around 158 people).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Koombana (1912/03/21) |url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/maritime-archaeology-db/wrecks/koombana |website=Shipwreck Databases |publisher=Western Australian Museum |access-date=12 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Koombana |url=http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/collections/maritime/march/shipwrecks/Wreckfinder/Koombana.htm |access-date=11 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060826203813/http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/collections/maritime/march/shipwrecks/Wreckfinder/Koombana.htm |archive-date=26 August 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; The cyclone crossed the Western Australia coast around [[Balla Balla, Western Australia|Balla Balla]], early on 22nd.&lt;ref name=&quot;bomRoebourne&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Tropical Cyclones Affecting the Karratha/Dampier/Roebourne region |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/wa/roebourne.shtml |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=12 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Several other ships and vessels were also wrecked in the cyclone, claiming another 15 lives.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Port Hedland – Broome Region, WA: Ship lost in Cyclone |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/f93d6a822ce180dcca256d3300058086?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120728174052/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/f93d6a822ce180dcca256d3300058086?OpenDocument |archive-date=28 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat waves || Australia-wide || 147 || 1920–1921 ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/a3e71c40d699f0aaca256d3300057cfa?OpenDocument |title=Australia: Widespread Heatwaves |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat waves || Australia-wide || 143 + || 1911–1912 ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/bee8d325ae710148ca256d3300057cf6?OpenDocument |title=Australia: Widespread Heatwaves |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=6 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || [[Broome, Western Australia]] || 141 || 1935 Mar 26 || Pearling fleet devastated.&lt;ref name=&quot;BOMbroome&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/wa/broome.shtml |title=Tropical cyclones affecting Broome |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=17 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || [[Eighty Mile Beach, Western Australia]] || 140 || 1884 || Pearling fleet sunk.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/517476daef138affca256d3300057cca?OpenDocument |title=Eighty Mile Beach, WA: Cyclone |access-date=11 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015191359/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/517476daef138affca256d3300057cca?OpenDocument |archive-date=15 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || Eighty Mile Beach, Western Australia || 140 || 1887 Apr 22 || A late season cyclone hit the Eighty Mile Beach area (then known as Ninety Mile Beach), devastating the pearling fleet there, killing 140 people and around 20 boats lost.&lt;ref name=&quot;BOMbroome&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |editor1-last=Bankoff |editor1-first=Greg |editor2-last=Christensen |editor2-first=Joseph |title=Natural Hazards and Peoples in the Indian Ocean World: Bordering on Danger |date=2016 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-1-349-94857-4 |page=290 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9IqmDAAAQBAJ |access-date=9 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[D'Entrecasteaux Channel]], [[Tasmania]] || 133 || 1835 Apr 12 || ''[[George III (ship)|George III]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/a57d0c739fcfa035ca256d3300057e4c?OpenDocument |title=D'Entrecasteaux Channel, Tas: Shipwreck |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011103408/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/a57d0c739fcfa035ca256d3300057e4c?OpenDocument |archive-date=11 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Cape York Peninsula|Cape York]], [[Queensland]] || 133 || 1890 Feb 28 || The [[RMS Quetta|RMS ''Quetta'']], sank in around 3 minutes, with the loss of 134 of her 292 passengers and crew.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Off Cape York, Qld: Shipwreck |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/83edbd0553620d8cca256d09001fc8fd/dfae68b9d7236fc9ca256d330005839a?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=9 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060917131900/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/83edbd0553620d8cca256d09001fc8fd/dfae68b9d7236fc9ca256d330005839a?OpenDocument |archive-date=17 September 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || Southern states || 130 || 1926 Dec – 1927 Jan ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Southern States, Australia: Heatwave |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/d9d6e3beafd3b351ca256d3300057cfc?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017212726/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/d9d6e3beafd3b351ca256d3300057cfc?OpenDocument |archive-date=17 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck/[[mutiny]]/&lt;br /&gt;massacre || [[Houtman Abrolhos|Abrolhos Islands]], [[Western Australia]] || 125+ || 1629 Jun – Jul || The Dutch ship ''[[Batavia (1628 ship)|Batavia]]'' was wrecked in the Abrolhos Islands early on 4 June 1629.&lt;ref name=&quot;WAmuseum1629&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Batavia's History |url=http://museum.wa.gov.au/research/research-areas/maritime-archaeology/batavia-cape-inscription/batavia |publisher=Western Australian Museum |access-date=14 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; After some of the crew left for help, mutineers murdered at least 125 of the survivors, while 40 drowned when the wreck broke up.&lt;ref name=&quot;WAmuseum1629&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ABCbatavia&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Shipwrecks – Batavia |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/wa/batavia.htm |website=Shipwrecks in Australia |publisher=ABC Online |access-date=14 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; This toll does not include the mutineers, seven of whom were hanged and two cast away after the remaining passengers had been rescued. Most of the remaining mutineers were later executed.&lt;ref name=&quot;ABCbatavia&quot;/&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || Australia-wide || 122 + || 1913–1914 ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/6114cc2566bfae35ca256d3300057cf5?OpenDocument |title=Australia: Widespread Heatwaves |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone/sinking || North-eastern [[Queensland]] || 122 || 1911 Mar 16 || {{SS|Yongala}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/d646c8adebe9d3ccca256d3300057c25?OpenDocument |title=Coastal North Qld: Cyclone (incl Shipwreck) |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=16 March 1911 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031093223/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/d646c8adebe9d3ccca256d3300057c25?OpenDocument |archive-date=31 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || Sydney || 121 || 1857 Aug 20 || ''[[Dunbar (shipwreck)|Dunbar]]''. 1 survivor.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/nsw/dunbar.htm |title=Shipwrecks &quot; Home |publisher=Abc.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || Australia-wide || 112 || 1939–1940 ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/825e1098abb64421ca256d3300057c36?OpenDocument |title=South-Eastern Australia: Heatwave |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926222805/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/825e1098abb64421ca256d3300057c36?OpenDocument |archive-date=26 September 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || Australia-wide || 109 || 1909 Dec – 1910 Feb ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/4b9554070e62da03ca256d3300057cf2?OpenDocument |title=Australia: Widespread Heatwaves |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020113817/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/4b9554070e62da03ca256d3300057cf2?OpenDocument |archive-date=20 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || Southern regions, Australia || 105 + || 1959 Jan – Feb || Some sources puts the death toll at 145.&lt;ref name=&quot;ema.gov.au&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/agd/EMA/rwpattach.nsf/viewasattachmentpersonal/(30A3EE7646E852BEBD7F907D5B33CE5A)~3877+WEMA+hazards.pdf/$file/3877+WEMA+hazards.pdf |title=Hazards, Disasters and Your Community |access-date=22 February 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016204725/http://www.ema.gov.au/agd/EMA/rwpattach.nsf/viewasattachmentpersonal/%2830A3EE7646E852BEBD7F907D5B33CE5A%29~3877%2BWEMA%2Bhazards.pdf/%24file/3877%2BWEMA%2Bhazards.pdf |archive-date=16 October 2007 |pages=34–35}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ses.vic.gov.au/CA256AEA002F0EC7/OrigDoc/~96CEEE2E812DED40CA256AED00814D6E?OpenDocument&amp;1=10-Listing~&amp;2=-Response+Roles~&amp;3=0-Heatwaves~ |title=State Emergency Service – Listing – Response Roles – Heatwaves |publisher=Ses.vic.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517075823/http://www.ses.vic.gov.au/CA256AEA002F0EC7/OrigDoc/~96CEEE2E812DED40CA256AED00814D6E?OpenDocument&amp;1=10-Listing~&amp;2=-Response+Roles~&amp;3=0-Heatwaves~ |archive-date=17 May 2011 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.longpaddock.qld.gov.au/ClimateChanges/News/Archives/2000/Jun/17th/ |title=Office of Climate Change |publisher=Longpaddock.qld.gov.au |date=28 July 2010 |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080801175153/http://www.longpaddock.qld.gov.au/ClimateChanges/News/Archives/2000/Jun/17th/ |archive-date=1 August 2008 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;HeatEvents1844&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.envsci.2014.05.003 |title=Exploring 167 years of vulnerability: An examination of extreme heat events in Australia 1844–2010 |journal=Environmental Science &amp; Policy |volume=42 |pages=33–44 |year=2014 |last1=Coates |first1=Lucinda |last2=Haynes |first2=Katharine |last3=o'Brien |first3=James |last4=McAneney |first4=John |last5=De Oliveira |first5=Felipe Dimer |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone/sinking || [[Ayr, Queensland]] || 102–112 || 1875 Feb 24 || {{SS|Gothenburg}}. Records of passengers vary.&lt;ref name=&quot;TCimpactsEcoast&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://australiasevereweather.com/cyclones/impacts-eastcoast.pdf |title=TROPICAL CYCLONE IMPACTS ALONG THE AUSTRALIAN EAST COAST FROM NOVEMBER TO APRIL 1858 TO 2000 |website=Australian Severe Weather |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/qld/gothenburg.htm |title=Shipwrecks – Gothenburg |publisher=Abc.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/f7213a811f250527ca256d3300057cc7?OpenDocument |title=Off Home Hill, Qld: Shipwreck in Cyclone |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027075759/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/f7213a811f250527ca256d3300057cc7?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

==50 to 99 deaths==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Disaster!! style=&quot;width: 16em;&quot; |Location!!  Deaths!! style=&quot;width: 10em;&quot; | Date !! Notes
|-
| Heat wave || Southern regions Australia || 99 || 1972 Dec – 1973 Feb ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ag.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/252731b09e0f9cb3ca256d3300057bab!OpenDocument |title=Southern Australia: Heatwave |publisher=Ag.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080903195002/http://ag.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/252731b09e0f9cb3ca256d3300057bab!OpenDocument |archive-date=3 September 2008 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || Northern [[Queensland]] || 99 || 1934 Mar 12 || A tropical cyclone crossed the North Queensland coast around [[Cape Tribulation, Queensland|Cape Tribulation]], which generated a 9.1 storm surge.&lt;ref name=&quot;EMA1934tc&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/75c4edcd7d9ad39cca256d3300057de9?OpenDocument |title=Cape York – Townsville, Qld: Cyclone (incl Storm Surges) |access-date=5 October 2010 |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204060119/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/75c4edcd7d9ad39cca256d3300057de9?OpenDocument |archive-date=4 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; A pearling fleet off the coast was damaged, with 75 people reported lost (one source says 99).&lt;ref name=&quot;TCimpactsEcoast&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EMA1934tc&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Explosion]] || [[Mount Kembla]], [[New South Wales]] || 96 || 1902 Jul 31 || [[Mount Kembla#Mine disaster|Mount Kembla Mine disaster]]. Coal mine gas explosion&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/397d3c4c9175a41bca256d330005839e?OpenDocument |title=Mt Kembla (Wollongong), NSW: Colliery Gas Explosion |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=31 July 1902 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927052237/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/397d3c4c9175a41bca256d330005839e?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Montebello Islands]], [[Western Australia]] || 93 || 1622 May 24 || ''[[Tryall]]''. Earliest recorded Australian shipwreck.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/collections/maritime/march/shipwrecks/Wreckfinder/Trial.htm |title=Trial |access-date=12 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819104118/http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/collections/maritime/march/shipwrecks/Wreckfinder/Trial.htm |archive-date=19 August 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || [[Gundagai]], New South Wales || 89 || 1852 Jun 24–25 ||A severe flash flood destroyed the town of Gundagai, which resulted in 89 deaths.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Potted History of Gundagai |url=http://www.gundagai.nsw.gov.au/about/1000/1001.html |publisher=Gundagai Shire Council |access-date=22 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090520021508/http://www.gundagai.nsw.gov.au/about/1000/1001.html |archive-date=20 May 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gundagai Floods 1852 |url=http://floodlist.com/australia/gundagai-floods-1852 |website=FloodList |access-date=22 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || Near [[Carpenter Rocks]], in South East [[South Australia]] || 89 || 1859 Aug 6 || {{SS|Admella}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/sa/admella.htm |title=Shipwrecks – Admella Dunes |publisher=Abc.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; South Australia's worst loss of life.
|-
| Air raid || [[Broome, Western Australia]] || 88 || 1942 Mar 3 || [[Attack on Broome|Air raid on Broome]]. Japanese fighter planes strafed the town. Official toll; may not include some refugees from the [[Dutch East Indies]].
|-
| Rail accident || Sydney || 84 || 1977 Jan 18 || [[Granville railway disaster]]. Derailment followed by bridge collapse.
|-
| Sinking || {{Nowrap|Twenty miles south-east of [[Jervis Bay]], [[New South Wales]]}} || 82 || 1964 Feb 10 || [[Melbourne–Voyager collision]] – {{HMAS|Voyager|D04|6}} sank after collision with {{HMAS|Melbourne|R21|6}}.
|-
| Explosion|| [[Bulli, New South Wales]] || 81 || 1887 Mar 23 || Bulli Colliery coal mine gas explosion.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/b6ab243798bb0924ca256d3300058399?OpenDocument |title=Bulli (Wollongong), NSW: Colliery Gas Explosion |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927052249/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/b6ab243798bb0924ca256d3300058399?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[King Island, Tasmania]] || 79 || 1874 May 23 || ''British Admiral''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.kingisland.net.au/~maritime/britishadmiral.htm |title=British Admiral wreck |publisher=Kingisland.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || [[Queensland]] coast, particularly [[Innisfail, Queensland|Innisfail]] || 77+ || 1918 Mar 10 || Cyclone and storm surge with death toll estimated between 77 and 100.&lt;ref name=&quot;bom.gov.au&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=National Climate Centre |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/cyclone2.htm |title=Australian Climate Extremes-Cyclone |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20090317054300/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/96122/20090317-1643/www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/cyclone2.html |archive-date=17 March 2009}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Storms || [[New South Wales]] between [[Port Stephens (New South Wales)|Port Stephens]] and [[Sydney]] || 77 || 1866 Jul 12 || 60 lives lost on {{SS|Cawarra}} alone.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.newportcorp.com.au/page_default.aspx?pageID=154 |title=Shipwreck History |access-date=12 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050911061539/http://www.newportcorp.com.au/page_default.aspx?pageID=154 |archive-date=11 September 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Explosion || [[Mount Mulligan]], [[Queensland]] || 75||1921 Sep 19

| [[Mount Mulligan mine disaster]]  caused by coal dust explosion.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mt Mulligan Mine 1921– Mining Accident Database |url=http://www.mineaccidents.com.au/mine-event/42/mt-mulligan-mine-1921 |website=www.mineaccidents.com.au |access-date=12 January 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| Bushfire || [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]] and [[South Australia]] || 75 || 1983 Feb 16 || [[Ash Wednesday bushfires]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/dse/nrenfoe.nsf/childdocs/-D79E4FB0C437E1B6CA256DA60008B9EF-7157D5E68CDC2002CA256DAB0027ECA3?open |title=Ash Wednesday – 1983 |publisher=Dse.vic.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408202308/http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/dse/nrenfoe.nsf/childdocs/-D79E4FB0C437E1B6CA256DA60008B9EF-7157D5E68CDC2002CA256DAB0027ECA3?open |archive-date=8 April 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Green Cape, New South Wales]] || 71 || 1886 May 30 || The steamship ''Ly-Ee-Moon'' was wrecked during a violent gale on 30 May 1886 near Green Cape, resulting in around 71 deaths.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ly-ee-Moon |url=https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/maritimeheritageapp/ViewSiteDetail.aspx?siteid=1029 |website=Maritime Heritage |publisher=NSW Environment &amp; Heritage |access-date=14 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.michaelmcfadyenscuba.info/articles/lyeemoon.htm |title=SS Ly-ee-Moon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051230120628/http://www.michaelmcfadyenscuba.info/articles/lyeemoon.htm |archive-date=30 December 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]] || 71 || 1939 Jan 13 || [[Black Friday (1939)|Black Friday bushfires]].
|-
| Cyclone || [[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]] || 71 || 1974 Dec 25 || [[Cyclone Tracy]] destroys the city of Darwin on Christmas Day 1974. Top wind gust recorded was {{convert|217|km/h|mph|0}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Severe Tropical Cyclone Tracy |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/tracy.shtml |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=9 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 17 March 2005, a Northern Territory Coroner's Inquest outcome increased the official death toll from 65 to 71.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/a70de9a08d7c7fc3ca256d3300057bb5?OpenDocument |title=Darwin, NT: Cyclone Tracy |publisher=Ema.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206074434/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/a70de9a08d7c7fc3ca256d3300057bb5?OpenDocument |archive-date=6 February 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || [[Clermont, Queensland]] || 65 || 1916 Dec 27 ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/05d0abdf1cc17a6cca256d3300057c26?OpenDocument |title=Clermont and Peak Downs, Qld: Floods |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=27 December 1916 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015185306/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/05d0abdf1cc17a6cca256d3300057c26?OpenDocument |archive-date=15 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Tasmania]] || 64 || 1967 Feb 7 || Now known as [[1967 Tasmanian fires|Black Tuesday]], 64 people died, and 7,000 left homeless as over a hundred fires burned in southern Tasmania.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Black Tuesday bushfires, 1967 |url=https://knowledge.aidr.org.au/resources/bushfire-black-tuesday/ |website=Australian Disaster Resilience Knowledge Hub |publisher=Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience |access-date=17 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Beavis |first1=Laura |title=Black Tuesday bushfires: Two more Tasmanians officially recognised as victims of 1967 blaze |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-07/black-tuesday-plaque-honouring-1967-tasmanian-bushfire-victims/8246740 |access-date=23 November 2023 |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=7 Feb 2017 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || Near [[Roebourne]] and [[Geraldton]], Western Australia || 61–71 || 1894 Jan || Estimated toll includes those lost at sea and those killed in flooding at Geraldton.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/424bf7ef25a29d75ca256d3300057cce?OpenDocument |title=Off Cossack (near Roebourne), WA: Cyclone |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027075556/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/424bf7ef25a29d75ca256d3300057cce?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Houtman Abrolhos]] Islands, [[Western Australia]] || 60 || 1727 || ''Zeewyk''. Approximate death toll&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/cc302ed0f2f044ecca256d3300057e50?OpenDocument |title=Abrolhos Islands, WA: Shipwreck |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Newcastle, New South Wales]] || 60 || 1866 Jul 12 || The paddle steamer [[SS Cawarra|SS ''Cawarra'']] sank during a storm in [[Newcastle, New South Wales|Newcastle]] Harbour, there was only one survivor.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cawarra |url=https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/maritimeheritageapp/ViewSiteDetail.aspx?siteid=1928 |website=Maritime Heritage |publisher=NSW Environment &amp; Heritage |access-date=14 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]] || 60 || 1926 Feb–Mar || The worst fires occurred on 14 February ([[1925–26 Victorian bushfire season|Black Sunday]]) in the Gippsland region and other areas, where 31 people died at [[Warburton, Victoria|Warburton]], Victoria.&lt;ref name=&quot;ffm.vic.gov.au&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Past Bushfires |url=https://www.ffm.vic.gov.au/history-and-incidents/past-bushfires |website=Forest Fire Management Victoria |publisher=State Government of Victoria |access-date=17 February 2019 |date=10 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Houses and buildings were destroyed in many places including [[Erica, Victoria|Erica]] and Belgrave.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article64323773 |title=VICTORIA'S TERRIBLE EXPERIENCES. |newspaper=[[The Register (Adelaide)]] |volume=XCI |issue=26,564 |location=South Australia |date=16 February 1926 |access-date=17 February 2019 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt; The town of [[Noojee]] was destroyed, with only the hotel left standing.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3734700 |title=DISASTROUS FIRES. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)]] |issue=24,811 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=15 February 1926 |access-date=17 February 2019 |page=11 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article29130395 |title=DEVASTATING BUSH FIRES |newspaper=[[The Mercury (Hobart)|The Mercury]] |volume=CXXIV |issue=18,189 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=16 February 1926 |access-date=17 February 2019 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt; In all, over the two-month period, 60 people died and 1,000 buildings were destroyed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=Liz Williams |title=The worst bushfires in Australia's history |url=https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/science-environment/2011/11/the-worst-bushfires-in-australias-history/ |website=Australian Geographic |access-date=17 February 2019 |date=3 November 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/a39f994591abb864ca256d3300057c2e?OpenDocument |title=SE Victoria (incl Gippsland &amp; Dandenongs): Bushfires |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023105506/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/a39f994591abb864ca256d3300057c2e?OpenDocument |archive-date=23 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || [[Exmouth Gulf]], [[Western Australia]] || 59–69 || 1875 Dec – 1876 Jan || Most casualties were at sea.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/wa/exmouth.shtml |title=Tropical Cyclones affecting Exmouth |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=17 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/8d9f0d917accc0b7ca256d3300057cc8?OpenDocument |title=Exmouth Gulf, WA: Cyclone |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024090608/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/8d9f0d917accc0b7ca256d3300057cc8?OpenDocument |archive-date=24 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || Mutton Bird Island, off the [[Shipwreck Coast]] of [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]] || 53 || 1878 Jun 1 || ''[[Loch Ard (ship)|Loch Ard]]''. Sources vary on exact death toll (2 survivors).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Blue Skies Unlimited Pty Ltd |url=http://www.parkweb.vic.gov.au/1process_details.cfm?place=203&amp;Historic=true |title=Parks Victoria: Loch Ard (1878) page |publisher=Parkweb.vic.gov.au |date=1 August 2001 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110314050048/http://www.parkweb.vic.gov.au/1process_details.cfm?place=203&amp;Historic=true |archive-date=14 March 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/100be2635b991ca2ca256d3300058397?OpenDocument |title=Near Port Campbell, Vic: Shipwreck |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031093748/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/100be2635b991ca2ca256d3300058397?OpenDocument |archive-date=31 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Epidemic || Southern States || 51 || 1881–1885 || Smallpox epidemic.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |url=https://www.regionalsecurity.org.au/Resources/Documents/vol4no3Curson.pdf |title=Smallpox Redux: An Australian Perspective |journal=Security Challenges |date=2008 |author=Curson, Peter |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=99–114 |access-date=11 March 2018 |archive-date=11 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311140601/https://www.regionalsecurity.org.au/Resources/Documents/vol4no3Curson.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]] || 51 || {{Nowrap|1943 Dec 22 – 1944 Feb 15}} || Bushfires broke out in various parts of Victoria from late December 1943 to mid February 1944, resulting in 51 deaths, and destroying 500 buildings.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/0b786be0a48e7fe5ca256d3300057c3b?OpenDocument |title=Western, Central and Southern Victoria: Bushfires |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927052437/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/0b786be0a48e7fe5ca256d3300057c3b?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Volume I: The Fires and the Fire-Related Deaths – Appendixes |url=https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/papers/govpub/VPARL2006-10No332Vol1AppendicesA-D.pdf |publisher=Parliament of Victoria |access-date=14 April 2019 |page=11}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Brisbane]], [[Queensland]] || 50 || 1896 Feb 13 || [[Capsize of the ferry Pearl|Capsize of the ferry ''Pearl'']]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/8d311f7b5062d127ca256d3300057eb1?OpenDocument |title=Brisbane River, Qld: Flood/Ferry Sinking |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204060249/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/8d311f7b5062d127ca256d3300057eb1?OpenDocument |archive-date=4 February 2012 |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || Around [[Broome, Western Australia]] || 50 || 1908 Apr 26–27 || A tropical cyclone impacted the Broome region, which wrecked the pearling fleet in the area, and resulted in the loss of 50 lives.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article55793089 |title=North-West Coast Has Grim Record Of Cyclonic Storms |newspaper=[[The West Australian]] |volume=69 |issue=20,803 |location=Western Australia |date=24 March 1953 |access-date=27 March 2019 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/18e1c197fcaf146cca256d3300057cdc?OpenDocument |title=Broome Region, WA: Cyclone |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030090734/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/18e1c197fcaf146cca256d3300057cdc?OpenDocument |archive-date=30 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

==20 to 49 deaths==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Disaster!! style=&quot;width: 16em;&quot; |Location!!  Deaths!! style=&quot;width: 10em;&quot; | Date !! Notes
|-
| Shipwreck ||  [[Christmas Island]] ||48 ||2010 Dec 15 || [[2010 Christmas Island boat disaster]]  
|-
| Cyclone/Flood || {{nowrap|[[Cairns]] and [[Cardwell, Queensland|Cardwell]]}}, Queensland ||47 ||1927 Feb 9 || This tropical cyclone crossed the coast north of Cairns, which weakened into a rain depression, causing extensive flooding, resulting in a total 47 deaths throughout parts of Northern Queensland&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=CASE STUDY: Cairns Cyclone, 9th February 1927 |url=http://hardenup.org/umbraco/customContent/media/627_Cairns_Cyclone_1927.pdf |website=Harden Up Queensland |publisher=Green Cross Australia |access-date=9 April 2019 |archive-date=16 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916114630/http://hardenup.org/umbraco/customContent/media/627_Cairns_Cyclone_1927.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| {{nowrap|Cyclonic effects}} || [[New South Wales]], North Coast ||46 || 1923 ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/0ee7fde30f9cdf0dca256d3300057cfb?OpenDocument |title=North Coast, NSW: Cyclonic Effects |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014180348/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/0ee7fde30f9cdf0dca256d3300057cfb?OpenDocument |archive-date=14 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || {{VICcity|Sunshine}}, Victoria  || 44 || 1908 Apr 20 || [[Sunshine rail disaster]]. A passenger train ran into the back of stationary train at Sunshine, near Melbourne; resulting in 44 people dead and 413 people were injured&lt;ref name=&quot;EMAsunshine&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Sunshine (Melbourne), Vic: Train Collision |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/22a3a75325061528ca256d33000583a0?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=28 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027074957/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/22a3a75325061528ca256d33000583a0?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Major rail accidents in Australia |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/major-rail-accidents-in-australia-20070606-gdqbgr.html?page=fullpage |publisher=The Sydney Morning Herald |access-date=28 March 2019 |date=6 June 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || {{TAScity|Queenstown}}, Tasmania ||42+ || 1912 Oct 12 || [[1912 North Mount Lyell Disaster]]. Mine fire. True toll may be higher due to subsequent deaths from the effects of the fire&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/stateline/tas/content/2003/s1118491.htm |title=Stateline Tasmania |publisher=Abc.net.au |date=28 May 2004 |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023163452/http://www.abc.net.au/stateline/tas/content/2003/s1118491.htm |archive-date=23 October 2012 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Sinking || Sydney ||40–42 || 1927 Nov 3 || [[Greycliffe disaster]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.policensw.com/info/history/tahiti.html |title=Tahiti |publisher=Policensw.com |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101126141425/http://policensw.com/info/history/tahiti.html |archive-date=26 November 2010 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/3aa5de94e9ea7d13ca256d33000583a6?OpenDocument |title=Sydney Harbour, NSW: Ferry Collision |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015190457/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/3aa5de94e9ea7d13ca256d33000583a6?OpenDocument |archive-date=15 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || Near {{SAcity|Edithburgh}}, South Australia ||40 || 1909 Jan 31 || {{SS|Clan Ranald|1900|6}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.theadvertiser.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5936,16142353%255E24389,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050910140311/http://www.theadvertiser.news.com.au/common/story_page/0%2C5936%2C16142353%5E24389%2C00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 September 2005 |title=SS Clan Ranald (1900)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.dive.southaustralia.com/pdf/YP_Hist_Wrecks.pdf |title=South Australia – Adelaide, Barossa Valley, Clare Valley, Kangaroo Island, Maps, Hotels, Online Booking |publisher=Dive.southaustralia.com |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060820132253/http://www.dive.southaustralia.com/pdf/YP_Hist_Wrecks.pdf |archive-date=20 August 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || {{WAcity|Broome}}, Western Australia || 40 || 1910 Nov 19 || This tropical cyclone was probably Broome's most destructive, with maximum wind gusts estimated to be {{convert|175|km/h|mph|0}}. There were 40 deaths, and 34 pearling luggers lost with severe damage in the Broome area.&lt;ref name=&quot;BOMbroome&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Broome cyclone, WA, 1910 |url=https://knowledge.aidr.org.au/resources/cyclone-broome/ |website=Australian Disaster Resilience Knowledge Hub |publisher=Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience |access-date=8 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|- 
| Air disaster || Near {{QLDcity|Mackay}}, Queensland || 40 || 1943 Jun 14 || [[Bakers Creek air crash]]. [[USAAF]] [[B-17 Flying Fortress]] crashes shortly after take-off&lt;ref&gt;Vogel, Steve, &quot;Searching for a Home for a World War II Memorial&quot;, ''The [[Washington Post]]'', [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/01/01/AR2008010101410.html?sub=AR]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flooding || Queensland || 38 || 2010 Dec – 2011 Jan || [[2010–11 Queensland floods]]. 38 confirmed deaths plus 6 people missing (presumed dead)
|-
| Shipwreck || {{QLDcity|Cardwell}}, Queensland || 36 || 1872 || [[Shipwreck]] ''Maria''. Some of the survivors were killed by Aboriginal people, other survivors were helped by Aboriginal people&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.gould.com.au/default.asp?pageid=ProductCatalog&amp;template=PRODUCTCATALOG&amp;prodid=12091 |title=Genealogy – Australia's Leading Family Tree and Local History store |publisher=Gould.com.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706104624/http://www.gould.com.au/default.asp?pageid=ProductCatalog&amp;template=PRODUCTCATALOG&amp;prodid=12091 |archive-date=6 July 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Peter Stone |url=http://oceans1.customer.netspace.net.au/coralsea-wrecks.html |title=Coral Sea – Shipwrecks |publisher=Oceans1.customer.netspace.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-date=28 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628015328/http://oceans1.customer.netspace.net.au/coralsea-wrecks.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Sinking   || {{NSWcity|Woolgoolga}}, New South Wales || 35–48 || 1886 Dec 8 || Solitary Islands, Keilawarra - Helen Nicoll collision&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article163280944 |title=The Keilawarra. |newspaper=[[The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser]] |volume=XLIII |issue=1383 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=8 January 1887 |page=64 |via=National Library of Australia }}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Cite web |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/search/category/newspapers?l-publictag=Keilawarra&amp;l-decade=188 |title=Trove tag search Keilawarra }}&lt;br /&gt;
{{cite web |title=A Case of Cowardly Crewmen |url=http://maritimemuseumsaustralia.com/profiles/blogs/a-case-of-cowardly-crewmen/ |website=Australia Maritime Museum Council |access-date=20 September 2021 |language=en |archive-date=20 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920212100/http://maritimemuseumsaustralia.com/profiles/blogs/a-case-of-cowardly-crewmen/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || {{NSWcity|Jervis Bay}}, New South Wales || 35 || 1876 Sep 1 || The steamer ''Dandenong'' lost during severe storm&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/54273a46a9c753b3ca256d0900180220/5c93760bfe3136aaca256d3300057ecd?OpenDocument |title=Jervis Bay, NSW: Shipwreck in Gale |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || {{VICcity|Cheviot Beach}}, Victoria || 35 || 1887 Oct 20 || ''[[SS Cheviot]]'' 
|-
| Flood || {{Nowrap|[[Melbourne]] suburbs and southern Victoria}} ||35 || 1934 Nov 29 – 1 Dec || Torrential rainfall of up to {{convert|350|mm}}. [[Yarra River]] becomes raging torrent. Extensive damage with 35 dead, 250 injured, and 3,000 homeless&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/flood4.html |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20090317054300/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/96122/20090317-1643/www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/flood4.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 March 2009 |title=The December 1934 floods in Melbourne |date=30 March 2009 |website=National Library of Australia}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/66475a04402e478bca256d3300057e6d?OpenDocument |title=Southern Vic: Floods (incl Yarra River) |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527184516/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/66475a04402e478bca256d3300057e6d?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 May 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bridge collapse || [[Melbourne]] || 35 || 1970 Oct 15 || [[West Gate Bridge#Collapse|West Gate Bridge]]. 35 construction workers died due to a collapse during construction. Australia's worst industrial accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.westgatebridge.org/tragedy.htm |title=Westgate Bridge Memorial Committee |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819132818/http://www.westgatebridge.org/tragedy.htm |archive-date=19 August 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/forty-years-on-the-west-gate-bridge-collapse-still-looms-large-20101015-16nl0.html |title=Forty years on, the West Gate Bridge collapse still looms large |work=The Age |date=16 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || {{NSWcity|Kempsey}}, New South Wales || 35 ||1989 Dec 22 || [[Kempsey bus crash]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/866614596bedf7a7ca256d33000583e0?OpenDocument |title=Clybucca Flat (near Kempsey), NSW: Coach Collision |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=22 December 1989 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927052543/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/866614596bedf7a7ca256d33000583e0?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shooting || {{TAScity|Port Arthur}}, Tasmania || 35 || 1996 Apr 28 || [[Port Arthur massacre (Australia)|Port Arthur massacre]]
|-
| Bushfire || Australia-wide || 34 || 2019 Oct – 2020 Jan || [[2019-20 Australian bushfire season]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tolhurst |first=Kevin |title=It's 12 months since the last bushfire season began, but don't expect the same this year |url=http://theconversation.com/its-12-months-since-the-last-bushfire-season-began-but-dont-expect-the-same-this-year-139757 |access-date=2020-08-13 |website=The Conversation |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Death toll included 3 US fire-fighters. 
|-
| Shipwreck || Near {{SAcity|Southend}}, South Australia || 31 || 1876 Jun 14 || ''[[Geltwood]]''. Wreck not found for two weeks. No survivors.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/heritage/pdfs/geltwood.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=23 March 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723013910/http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/heritage/pdfs/geltwood.pdf |archive-date=23 July 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mightyseas.co.uk/marhist/workington_harrington/geltwood.htm |title=Geltwood, a brief history of a Harrington barque wrecked on her maiden voyage |publisher=Mightyseas.co.uk |date=3 August 1983 |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/12/18/3096793.htm?section=justin |title=Shipwreck survivors to identify the dead |work=ABC News |date=18 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-national/search-for-boat-survivors-abandoned-20101218-191ad.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |title=Search for boat survivors abandoned |date=18 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || Off [[Wilsons Promontory]] in [[Bass Strait]], Victoria || 31 || 1935 Dec 1 || ''[[SS Paringa]]'' Sunk during storm while towing another vessel. All officers and crew lost.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/425afd4d735bb739ca256d330005834d?OpenDocument |title=Westenport, Vic: Shipwreck in Gale |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016204139/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/425afd4d735bb739ca256d330005834d?OpenDocument |archive-date=16 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.southernoceanexploration.com/paringa.php |title=SS Paringa |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060519223415/http://www.southernoceanexploration.com/paringa.php |archive-date=19 May 2006 |website=Southern Ocean Exploration}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Air accident || [[Canal Creek]], Queensland ||31 ||1943 19 Dec ||[[Canal Creek air crash]] of [[Douglas C-47 Skytrain|Dakota C-47]] of the [[22d Troop Carrier Squadron]], all on board killed.&lt;ref name=&quot;site&quot;&gt;Roberts, Alice; Mackay, Jacquie (22 May 2012) [https://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2012/05/22/3507888.htm A site to remember: Canal Creek air disaster], ''[[ABC Capricornia]]''. Retrieved 27 August 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Insurrection || [[Castle Hill, New South Wales|Castle Hill]], New South Wales || 30* || 1804 Mar 4–5 || [[Castle Hill convict rebellion]]. An additional nine convicts were later executed for participating in the rebellion. *Exact death toll unknown, likely to be higher.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nma.gov.au/online_features/defining_moments/featured/castle_hill_rebellion |title=National Museum of Australia – Castle Hill Rebellion |access-date=29 January 2024 |archive-date=6 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161206054347/http://www.nma.gov.au/online_features/defining_moments/featured/castle_hill_rebellion |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Memorial at Castle Hill gives a figure of 45 lives lost.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://monumentaustralia.org.au/australian_monument/display/22941 |title=Battle of Vinegar Hill Memorial |author=UBC Web Design }}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || [[Queensland]] coast, particularly [[Mackay, Queensland|Mackay]] || 30 || 1918 Jan || [[1918 Mackay cyclone|Mackay Cyclone]]&lt;ref name=&quot;bom.gov.au&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.slq.qld.gov.au/qh/treasures/timewalks/other/mackay/cyclone |title=TimeWalks Mackay – 1918 Cyclone (State Library of Queensland) |publisher=Slq.qld.gov.au |date=12 May 2010 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312054608/http://www.slq.qld.gov.au/qh/treasures/timewalks/other/mackay/cyclone |archive-date=12 March 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || [[Melbourne]] || 30 || 1966 Aug 13 || [[William Booth Memorial Home fire]] – Australia's deadliest building fire.  Salvation Army home for destitute men.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.dpc.vic.gov.au/index.php/news-publications/reforming-victorias-crisis-and-emergency-management-framework/green-paper-introduction |title=Towards a more disaster resilient and safer Victoria: Green Paper – Introduction |publisher=[[Government of Victoria (Australia)|Government of Victoria]] |date=18 April 2013 |access-date=20 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150120124025/http://www.dpc.vic.gov.au/index.php/news-publications/reforming-victorias-crisis-and-emergency-management-framework/green-paper-introduction |archive-date=20 January 2015 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[York, Western Australia|York]], east of [[Perth]], Western Australia || 29 || 1950 Jun 26 || The [[1950 Australian National Airways Douglas DC-4 crash]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.encyclopedia.uwapress.uwa.edu.au/write_a_history_promotion |title=Historical Encyclopedia of WA – Share Your History |publisher=Encyclopedia.uwapress.uwa.edu.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090531075115/http://www.encyclopedia.uwapress.uwa.edu.au/write_a_history_promotion |archive-date=31 May 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; The plane crashed in bushland near York, burning on impact, with 28 people dying instantly (there was 1 survivor who later died from his injuries.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Near York, WA: Aircraft Crash |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/bf1656e94a4c924cca256d33000583b1?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=16 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071026082342/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/bf1656e94a4c924cca256d33000583b1?OpenDocument |archive-date=26 October 2007 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident|| [[Mackay, Queensland|Mackay]], Queensland || 29 || 1960 Jun 10 || [[Trans Australia Airlines Flight 538]] crashed into sea.
|-
| Cyclone/sinking. || [[Western Australia]] || 29 || 1991 Apr 17–20 ||[[1990-91 Australian region cyclone season#Severe Tropical Cyclone Fifi|Tropical Cyclone Fifi]]. 27 were lost in shipwreck of ''Mineral Diamond'', off the Western Australia coastline.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/c44c9303a84c78beca256d3300057bfc?OpenDocument |title=South-Western WA: Cyclone |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927052658/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/c44c9303a84c78beca256d3300057bfc?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Peter Stone |url=http://oceans1.customer.netspace.net.au/wa-wrecks.html |title=Western Australia – Shipwrecks |publisher=Oceans1.customer.netspace.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-date=22 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110422170008/http://oceans1.customer.netspace.net.au/wa-wrecks.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || Myall Creek, near {{NSWcity|Inverell}}, New South Wales || 28 || 1838 Jun 9 || [[Myall Creek massacre]]. 28 Aboriginal people killed by white stockmen&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LA20000608005 |title=Myall Creek Massacre – 08/06/2000 – NSW Parliament |publisher=Parliament.nsw.gov.au |date=8 June 2000 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100828063309/http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LA20000608005 |archive-date=28 August 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Riot and insurrection || [[Ballarat, Victoria]] || 28 || 1854 Dec 3 || [[Eureka Stockade]]. 28 confirmed, exact death toll remains unknown, could possibly be as high as 80.
|-
| Cyclone || {{NTcity|Darwin}}, Northern Territory || 28 || 1897 Jan ||[[1897 Darwin cyclone]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ntlib.nt.gov.au/tracy/advanced/History_Cyclones.html |title=History of Darwin Cyclones |publisher=Ntlib.nt.gov.au |date=19 February 1942 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080206005507/http://www.ntlib.nt.gov.au/tracy/advanced/History_Cyclones.html |archive-date=6 February 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/09430cd1298e075dca256d3300057cd1?OpenDocument |title=Darwin, NT: Cyclone |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927054237/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/09430cd1298e075dca256d3300057cd1?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Kangaroo Island]], South Australia || 27 || 1905 Sep || [[Loch Vennachar]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/sa/transcript_vennachar.htm |title=Shipwrecks Audio Transcript &quot; Vennachar Point |publisher=Abc.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || {{NSWcity|Murulla}}, New South Wales || 27 || 1926 Sep 13 || The [[Murulla rail accident]]. The North West Mail train collided with five runaway wagons at Murulla, near [[Murrurundi]], which resulted in 27 deaths.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Muralla, NSW: Train Collision |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/c39e3b54b491893aca256d33000583a5?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=12 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027074936/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/c39e3b54b491893aca256d33000583a5?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Disaster 1926 |url=http://www.murrurundihistoricalsociety.com/Railway2.php |website=Murrurundi Historical Society |access-date=12 March 2019 |archive-date=13 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813093707/http://www.murrurundihistoricalsociety.com/Railway2.php |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Sea battle || [[Port Jackson]], New South Wales || 27 || 1942 May 31 – 1 Jun || [[Attack on Sydney Harbour]]. Japanese submarine attack on allied shipping. Death toll includes attackers.
|-
| Air accident || [[Cleveland Bay (Queensland)|Cleveland Bay]], [[Townsville]], Queensland || 27 || 1943 Aug 7 || C-47 Dakota plane crash. Plane crashed after takeoff.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://home.brisnet.com.au/~dunn/ozcrashes/qld146.htm |title=Crash of a C-47 near Townsville on 7 August 1943 |publisher=Home.brisnet.com.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-date=6 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706102340/http://home.brisnet.com.au/~dunn/ozcrashes/qld146.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck/massacre || {{SAcity|Coorong}}, South Australia || 26 || 1840 || ''[[Maria (brigantine)|Maria]]''. Survivors murdered.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.jaunay.com/maria.html |title=Adelaide Proformat – Maria Massacre |publisher=Jaunay.com |date=7 September 1906 |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/sa/mariacreek.htm |title=Shipwrecks – Maria Creek |publisher=Abc.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Brutal punitive expedition ordered by [[Governor Gawler]].
|-
| Explosion || [[Wagga Wagga]], New South Wales || 26 || 1945 May 21 ||[[Kapooka, New South Wales|Kapooka]] [[Army Recruit Training Centre (Australia)|Army Base]] soldiers received instruction of demolition work in a bunker which was {{convert|3|m|ft}} below the ground when an explosion took place which resulted in Australia's largest military funeral.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.tourismwaggawagga.com.au/tww/?tww=attr&amp;sub=tww_tours&amp;article=WZ5PUG7FFOFXRL48CVR2 Wagga Wagga City Council] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061017150610/http://www.tourismwaggawagga.com.au/tww/?tww=attr |date=17 October 2006 }}, 4. Bomb Site at Kapooka&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Halliday, Rebekah |url=http://dailyadvertiser.yourguide.com.au/news/local/news/general/kapooka-tragedy-makes-history/289209.aspx |title=Kapooka tragedy makes history |work=The Daily Advertiser |date=24 April 2008 |access-date=11 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120717021421/http://dailyadvertiser.yourguide.com.au/news/local/news/general/kapooka-tragedy-makes-history/289209.aspx |archive-date=17 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || [[Gold Coast, Queensland|Gold Coast]] and northern [[New South Wales]] || 26–30 || 1954 Feb 20–21 || A tropical cyclone (known as The Gold Coast Cyclone) crossed the coast late evening on 20 February 1954 at [[Coolangatta]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Gold Coast Cyclone, February 1954 |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/cyclone3.html |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=19 February 2019 |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20090317054300/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/96122/20090317-1643/www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/cyclone3.html |archive-date=17 March 2009}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;HardenUpQLD&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author1=Jeff Callaghan |title=Case Study: Gold Coast Cyclone, February 1954 |url=http://hardenup.org/umbraco/customContent/media/620_GoldCoast_Cyclone_1954.pdf |website=Harden Up |publisher=Green Cross Australia |access-date=19 February 2019 |pages=1–2 |archive-date=30 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730175419/http://hardenup.org/umbraco/customContent/media/620_GoldCoast_Cyclone_1954.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Extreme rainfall associated with the cyclone produced record totals, including 900mm at [[Springbrook, Queensland]] in the 24 hours crossing and 809mm at [[Dorrigo, New South Wales]] in 24 hours to 9&amp;nbsp;am on 21st.&lt;ref name=&quot;HardenUpQLD&quot;/&gt; There was widespread severe flooding over many areas of NSW and between 26 and 30 people died in the event.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The Great Gold coast cyclone February 1954 |url=https://knowledge.aidr.org.au/resources/cyclone-the-great-gold-coast-cyclone-queensland/ |website=Australian Disaster Resilience Knowledge Hub |publisher=Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience |access-date=19 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || {{WAcity|Port Hedland}}, Western Australia || 26 || 1968 Dec 31 || In-flight break up of [[MacRobertson Miller Airlines Flight 1750]] ([[Vickers Viscount]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://atsb.gov.au/publications/investigation_reports/1968/aair/aair196800001.aspx |title=196800001 |publisher=Atsb.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || {{VICcity|Wodonga}}, Victoria || 25 || 1943 || Train hit bus carrying army personnel&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.defence.gov.au/army/ahu/On_This_Day/May/8_May.htm |access-date=2 October 2006 |title=On This Day |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070903065840/http://www.army.gov.au/AHU/On_This_Day/May/8_May.htm |archive-date=3 September 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Seven Mile Beach, Tasmania|Seven-Mile Beach]], near [[Hobart]], Tasmania || 25 || 1946 Mar || [[1946 Australian National Airways DC-3 crash]]ed into the sea.&lt;ref name=&quot;ema.gov.au&quot;/&gt;
|-
| Flood || [[Hunter Region|Hunter Valley]], [[New South Wales]] || 25 || 1955 Feb || [[1955 Hunter Valley floods]]. Most deaths were around Singleton and Maitland, but most other river systems in the state were also in flood.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=National Climate Centre |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/flood5.htm |title=Australian Climate Extremes-Flood |publisher=BOM |date=23 February 1955 |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20090317054300/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/96122/20090317-1643/www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/flood5.html |archive-date=17 March 2009}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hunterweather.com/events.php?id=41 |title=Hunter Valley Weather – Hunter Floods of 1955 – 50-year commemoration |publisher=Hunterweather.com |date=23 February 2005 |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Gosford]], New South Wales || 24 || 1898 May 6 ||''Maitland''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/nsw/maitland.htm |title=Shipwrecks &quot; Home |publisher=Abc.net.au |date=8 April 1988 |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || {{WAcity|Onslow}}, Western Australia || 24 || 1909 Apr 5–6 || A tropical cyclone crossed the coast near Onslow, causing extensive damage in the town, with the tramline partly washed away.&lt;ref name=&quot;nlaOnslow1909&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article74881580 |title=WILLY-WILLY AT ONSLOW. |newspaper=[[Northern Times]] |volume=IV |issue=191 |location=Western Australia |date=17 April 1909 |access-date=15 March 2019 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article37583565 |title=STORM AT ONSLOW. |newspaper=[[Western Mail (Western Australia)|Western Mail]] |volume=XXIV |issue=1,216 |location=Western Australia |date=17 April 1909 |access-date=15 March 2019 |page=49 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt; Four luggers and 24–25 crew were lost during the cyclone.&lt;ref name=&quot;nlaOnslow1909&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bomTConslow&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Tropical Cyclones Affecting Onslow |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/wa/onslow.shtml |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=15 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Onslow, WA: Cyclone |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/5e0f6524fc2ad4dbca256d3300057c23?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=15 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319030455/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/5e0f6524fc2ad4dbca256d3300057c23?OpenDocument |archive-date=19 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || {{QLDcity|Winton}}, Queensland || 24 || 1966 Sep 22 || [[Ansett-ANA Flight 149|Ansett-ANA Viscount disaster]]. Flight 149 en route [[Mount Isa]] – [[Longreach Airport|Longreach]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Vickers Viscount, Winton QLD |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19660922-1 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=23 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Kudjeru Gap, in the Australian [[Territory of Papua and New Guinea]] || 24 || 1972 Aug || [[RAAF]] [[De Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou|Caribou]] aircraft crashes in rugged mountainous country en route from [[Lae]] to [[Port Moresby]], killing 24 of the 28 people on board.
|-
| Bushfire || Southern regions of [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] || 23 || 1969 Jan || 280 fires. 17 casualties at [[Lara, Victoria|Lara]]&lt;ref name=&quot;dse.vic.gov.au&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/dse/nrenfoe.nsf/childdocs/-D79E4FB0C437E1B6CA256DA60008B9EF-358FFCDA5CA1F43FCA256DA6000942C9?open |title=Major Bushfires in Victoria |publisher=Dse.vic.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-date=3 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803182251/http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/nrenfoe.nsf/childdocs/-D79E4FB0C437E1B6CA256DA60008B9EF-358FFCDA5CA1F43FCA256DA6000942C9?open |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Mine disaster || [[Creswick]], Victoria || 22 || 1882 Dec 12 || ''New Australasia'' gold mine. 44 miners trapped when a [[flooded mine]] shaft is breached. 22 men drown.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.gold-net.com.au/archivemagazines/may99/9905150000.htm#9 |title=Gold-Net Australia Online – May 1999 |publisher=Gold-net.com.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-date=13 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713201630/http://www.gold-net.com.au/archivemagazines/may99/9905150000.htm#9 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || Northern [[Tasmania]] || 22 || 1929 Apr ||Eight drowned when truck ploughed into river and 14 died when dam collapsed and wall swept into town.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/northtas/stories/s1081421.htm |title=75th anniversary – The great floods of Northern Tasmania |website=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |access-date=12 May 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070308112021/http://www.abc.net.au/northtas/stories/s1081421.htm |archive-date=8 March 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || South-east [[Queensland]] || 22 || 2000 Jan ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ga.gov.au/image_cache/GA4213.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=11 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060826084524/http://www.ga.gov.au/image_cache/GA4213.pdf |archive-date=26 August 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || Queensland and New South Wales || 22 || 2022 Feb – Mar|| [[2022 eastern Australia floods]]. Severe flooding across [[South East Queensland]] and [[Northern Rivers]] in New South Wales resulted in 22 deaths.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://news.sky.com/story/australia-floods-national-emergency-to-be-declared-as-major-catastrophe-claims-22-lives-12561501|title=Australia floods: National emergency to be declared as 'major catastrophe' claims 22 lives|work=Sky News|date=10 March 2022|access-date=10 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || Off [[Gabo Island]], Victoria || 21 || 1901 Mar 1 || SS ''Federal'' vanished without trace. All crewmembers lost.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/83edbd0553620d8cca256d09001fc8fd/b6725ff006e3e15cca256d3300057ebb?OpenDocument |title=Gabo Island, Vic: Lost at Sea |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.southernoceanexploration.com/federal.php |title=SS Federal |access-date=17 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905143055/http://www.southernoceanexploration.com/federal.php |archive-date=5 September 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || {{QLDcity|Coolangatta}}, Queensland || 21 || 1949 Mar 10 || [[1949 Queensland Airlines Lockheed Lodestar crash]] – aircraft crashed shortly after take-off due to incorrect loading.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19490310-0 |title=ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed 18–56 Lodestar VH-BAG Coolangatta Airport, QLD (OOL) |publisher=Aviation-safety.net |date=10 March 1949 |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || {{NSWcity|Smokey Cape}}, New South Wales || 21 || 1969 Aug 25 || The ''Noongah'' sank.
|-
| Road accident || {{NSWcity|Grafton}}, New South Wales || 21 || 1989 Oct 20 || [[Grafton bus crash]]. A head-on collision between a tourist coach and a truck.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/ca9e3f69f7352146ca256d33000583df?OpenDocument |title=Cowper (near Grafton), NSW: Coach and Semi-trailer Collision |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=20 October 1989 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017212759/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/ca9e3f69f7352146ca256d33000583df?OpenDocument |archive-date=17 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

==Between 10 and 20==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Disaster!! style=&quot;width: 16em;&quot; |Location!!  Deaths!! style=&quot;width: 10em;&quot; | Date !! Notes
|-
| Air accident || {{QLDcity|Mossman}}, Queensland || 20 ||1944 Sep 7 || [[Royal Netherlands East Indies Air Force]] [[C-47 Skytrain|Douglas C-47 Dakota]] crashes en route between [[Merauke]], [[Dutch East Indies]] and [[Cairns]] 
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Trial Bay]], New South Wales || 19–21 || 1816 Sep ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/nsw/trial.htm |title=Shipwrecks: New South Wales |work=ABC News |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || {{NSWcity|Kings Cross}}, New South Wales || 19 ||1981 Aug 25 || Rembrandt Hotel&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=1981, August 25, Kings Cross |work=MAJOR FIRE EMERGENCIES IN NSW |url=http://www.emergency.nsw.gov.au/content.php/252.html |date=21 August 2006 |access-date=8 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060820140250/http://emergency.nsw.gov.au/content.php/252.html |archive-date=20 August 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Air accident || Rewan, south of {{QLDcity|Rolleston}}, Queensland ||19 ||1943 Nov 16 || [[Rewan air crash]] of [[Douglas C-47 Skytrain|Dakota C-47]] of the [[21st Troop Carrier Squadron]] crashed, all killed&lt;ref name=&quot;monument&quot;&gt;[http://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/conflict/ww2/display/101310-dakota-c-47-air-crash-memorial Dakota C-47 Air Crash Memorial] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827060519/http://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/conflict/ww2/display/101310-dakota-c-47-air-crash-memorial |date=27 August 2019 }}, Monuments Australia website. Accessed 28 August 2019.&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
|Shipwreck
|[[Port Jackson|Sydney Harbour]], New South Wales
|19
|1938 Feb 13
|Capsize of launch [[Rodney disaster|Rodney]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=23 February 1938 |title=HARBOUR TRAGEDY INQUEST. |page=16 |newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |issue=31,246 |location=New South Wales, Australia |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17432227 |via=National Library of Australia |access-date=8 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Port Willunga]], South Australia || 18 || 1888 Jul 13 || ''Star of Greece'' was driven aground in a storm 200 yards from the beach at Port Willunga, ten survivors&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Wreck of the Star of Greece |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/107326793 |access-date=1 May 2018 |work=Evening News |date=16 July 1888 |location=Sydney |page=6}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Dandenong Ranges]], Victoria || 18 ||1938 Oct 25|| [[1938 Kyeema crash]]  
|-
| Air accident || [[Perth Airport]], Western Australia || 18 ||1949 Jul 2|| [[1949 MacRobertson Miller Aviation DC-3 crash]] – aircraft crashed a minute after take-off, killing all 18 people on board&lt;ref&gt;[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59491382 Sunday Times – 3 July 1949] Retrieved 7 October 2011&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || [[Tumut Pond Dam]], New South Wales ||18 || |1973 Sep 1|| Brake failure caused bus to plummet into reservoir&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/9c608c5c21f9d719ca256d33000583c1?OpenDocument |title=Tumut Pond, NSW: Bus Crash |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Townsville]], Queensland || 18 || |1996 Jun 12|| Two Army Blackhawk helicopters collided&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/stories/s22726.htm |title=7:30 Report – 22/04/99: Pressure mounts to honour peacetime military deaths |publisher=Abc.net.au |date=12 June 1996 |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100306065108/http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/stories/s22726.htm |archive-date=6 March 2010 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Landslide]] || [[Thredbo]], New South Wales || 18 ||1997 Jul 30|| [[1997 Thredbo landslide]]
|-
| Rail accident || {{NSWcity|Brooklyn}}, New South Wales ||17 ||1944 Jan 20|| A mail train ploughed into a bus at Brooklyn Railway Station&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/63793eebd802905cca256d33000583ab?OpenDocument |title=Brooklyn (near Sydney), NSW: Train and Bus Collision |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927054305/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/63793eebd802905cca256d33000583ab?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || Wasleys Crossing, near [[Gawler]], South Australia || 17 || 1970 Apr 12 || Wasleys Crossing (Gawler) disaster. Bus collided with a passenger train&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Wasleys Crossing Collision |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/f58e65209339cf88ca256d33000583bb?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927054314/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/f58e65209339cf88ca256d33000583bb?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Coniston, Northern Territory|Coniston Station]], Northern Territory || 17 ||{{Nowrap|1928 Aug 14 – Oct 14}} || [[Coniston massacre]] 
|-
| Explosion || {{QLDcity|Ipswich}}, Queensland || 17 || 1972 Jul 31 || Mine gas explosion in the Box Flat Colliery&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/03df4275e609d05eca256d33000583be?OpenDocument |title=Ipswich, Qld: Gas Explosion |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |date=31 July 1972 |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || South-eastern regions || 17 || 1993 Feb 1 – 10 || Possibility of additional unreported deaths&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/242a7552e7410962ca256d3300057c02?OpenDocument |title=South-Eastern Australia: Heatwave |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927054334/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/242a7552e7410962ca256d3300057c02?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Bass Strait]], Victoria || 16 || 1934 Nov 29 || {{SS|Coramba}} left Warrnambool for Melbourne and was never seen again. Believed lost during storm&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/d16b3e90d31f0866ca256d330005836c?OpenDocument |title=Warrnambool, Vic: Shipwreck in Storm |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071026081950/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/d16b3e90d31f0866ca256d330005836c?OpenDocument |archive-date=26 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.southernoceanexploration.com/coramba.php |title=SS Coramba |access-date=15 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905142816/http://www.southernoceanexploration.com/coramba.php |archive-date=5 September 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || [[Camp Mountain]], Queensland || 16 || 1947 May 5|| [[Camp Mountain train disaster]]. A crowded picnic train derailed on bend 
|-
| Fire || [[Sylvania Heights]], New South Wales || 16 || 1981 Apr 29|| Pacific Nursing Home fire&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.emergency.nsw.gov.au/content.php/619.html |title=Emergency NSW |access-date=20 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110327143916/http://www.emergency.nsw.gov.au/content.php/619.html |archive-date=27 March 2011 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Boating accident || [[Mornington Peninsula]], Victoria || 15 ||1892 May 21|| 15 members of Mornington football team returning from match in [[Mordialloc, Victoria|Mordialloc]] in small fishing vessel ''Process'' were lost when their boat sank in bad weather. Only 4 bodies were recovered&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.morningtonfootballclub.com.au/content/boating-disaster-1892 |title=Boating Disaster 1892 – Mornington Football and Netball Club |website=www.morningtonfootballclub.com.au |access-date=29 January 2024 |archive-date=18 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818034758/https://www.morningtonfootballclub.com.au/content/boating-disaster-1892 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || Near [[Cape Schanck]], Victoria || 15 ||1893 Dec 28|| {{SS|Alert}} 
|-
| Boat accident || Sydney Harbour || 15 || 1909 Jan || [[HMAS Encounter (1902)|HMS ''Encounter'']] v Dunmore&lt;ref&gt;[https://trove.nla.gov.au/search/category/newspapers?keyword=dunmore%20encounter&amp;l-decade=190&amp;l-state=New%20South%20Wales&amp;l-year=1909 1909 Trove searches]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bombings || [[Kalgoorlie]] || 15 || 1942 Feb 1 || Pero Raecivich threw gelinite into a house and a hotel&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-06-02/the-day-terror-struck-the-outback-mining-town-of-boulder/8581146 |title=The day terror struck the streets of WA's Boulder |website=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=2 June 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Botany Bay]], New South Wales || 15 ||1961 Nov 30|| [[Ansett-ANA Flight 325]] – [[Vickers Viscount]] aeroplane crash. All on board died&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/5793d9f3fe8466e8ca256d33000583b5?OpenDocument |title=Botany Bay, Sydney, NSW: Airliner Crash (in Storm) |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |access-date=6 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071021110638/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/5793d9f3fe8466e8ca256d33000583b5?OpenDocument |archive-date=21 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || [[Fortitude Valley]], Queensland || 15 || 1973 Mar 8 || [[Whiskey Au Go Go fire]], caused by arson
|-
| Fire ||  {{NSWcity|Kings Cross}}, New South Wales || 15 ||1975 Dec 25|| [[Savoy Hotel fire]] caused by arson&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.emergency.nsw.gov.au/content.php/254.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060820142606/http://emergency.nsw.gov.au/content.php/254.html |archive-date=20 August 2006 |title=1975, December 25, Kings Cross |website=emergencyNSW}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone/sinking || Near {{WAcity|Carnarvon}}, Western Australia || 15 ||1979 || Cyclone Hazel&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/c96854d69c2d0932ca256d3300057bc8?OpenDocument |title=Central/South-Western, WA: Cyclone |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927054435/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/c96854d69c2d0932ca256d3300057bc8?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || South-eastern region || 15 || 1981 Feb ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/fd7910494eff6b0aca256d3300057bd0?OpenDocument |title=South-Eastern Australia: Heatwave |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927054444/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/fd7910494eff6b0aca256d3300057bd0?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || {{QLDcity|Childers}}, Queensland || 15 || 2000 Jun || [[Childers Palace Backpackers Hostel fire]], caused by arson&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/stories/s143206.htm |title=7.30 Report – 23/6/2000: Childers fire brings call for hostel safety audit |publisher=Abc.net.au |date=23 June 2000 |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100306040250/http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/stories/s143206.htm |archive-date=6 March 2010 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://thecouriermail.com.au/extras/oq/book10long.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051104020129/http://thecouriermail.com.au/extras/oq/book10long.html |archive-date=4 November 2005 |title=Arsonist's Deadly Revenge |first=Russell |last=Grenning |work=The Courier-Mail |location=Brisbane}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || {{QLDcity|Lockhart River}}, Queensland || 15 || 2005 May 7 || In the [[Lockhart River air disaster]] an aeroplane crashed on approach to land, killing all on board&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/df94c34d59a3b60cca25705f000a4efd?OpenDocument |title=Lockhart River Plane Crash |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |date=16 August 2005 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927054456/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/df94c34d59a3b60cca25705f000a4efd?OpenDocument |archive-date=27 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || [[Townsville]] and [[Charters Towers]], Queensland || 14 || 1903 Mar 9 || [[Cyclone Leonta]] killed 12 people in Townsville and 2 in Charters Towers and caused massive property damage across North Queensland&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Cyclone Leonta – Harden Up – Protecting Queensland |url=http://hardenup.org/be-aware/weather-events/events/1900-1909/cyclone-leonta-1903-03-09.aspx |website=hardenup.org |access-date=17 January 2016 |archive-date=2 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102081906/http://hardenup.org/be-aware/weather-events/events/1900-1909/cyclone-leonta-1903-03-09.aspx |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Dandenong Ranges]] and {{VICcity|Lara}}, Victoria || 14* || 1962 Jan 14 – 16 || Casualty numbers vary between 9,14, and 32&lt;ref name=&quot;ema.gov.au&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nma.gov.au/libraries/attachments/schools/resources/fire_in_australia/fire_in_australia_part_three/files/8295/fire_colour%20p3.pdf |title=What effect do bushfires have on the natural environment, the built environment, and people's lives? |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515010628/http://www.nma.gov.au/libraries/attachments/schools/resources/fire_in_australia/fire_in_australia_part_three/files/8295/fire_colour%20p3.pdf |archive-date=15 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ses.vic.gov.au/CA256AEA002F0EC7/OrigDoc/~CAA5B40EBFD04988CA256AED00804B1F?OpenDocument&amp;1=10-Listing~&amp;2=-Response+Roles~&amp;3=0-Bushfires~ |title=State Emergency Service – Bushfires |access-date=6 October 2005 |publisher=Victoria State Emergency Service |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051231063116/http://www.ses.vic.gov.au/CA256AEA002F0EC7/OrigDoc/~CAA5B40EBFD04988CA256AED00804B1F?OpenDocument&amp;1=10-Listing~&amp;2=-Response%20Roles~&amp;3=0-Bushfires~ |archive-date=31 December 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;dse.vic.gov.au&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.parkweb.vic.gov.au/resources/14_0980.pdf |title=Major Bushfires in Victoria |access-date=6 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051220043423/http://www.parkweb.vic.gov.au/resources/14_0980.pdf |archive-date=20 December 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfires || {{Nowrap|[[Sydney]], [[Blue Mountains (New South Wales)|Blue Mountains]] and [[Illawarra]], New South Wales}} || 14* || 1968 Jan || *Sources vary on death toll but most say 14&lt;ref name=&quot;ema.gov.au&quot;/&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || [[Whitsunday Islands]], Queensland ||14 ||1970 Jan 17 – 18|| [[Cyclone Ada|Tropical Cyclone Ada]] passed over the Whitsunday Islands from late 17th to early 18 January, crossing the Queensland coastline around [[Shute Harbour]] early that morning. 14 people perished in the cyclone&lt;ref name=&quot;TCimpactsEcoast&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Report by Director of Meteorology on Cyclone Ada |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/pdf/ada.pdf |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=10 March 2019 |pages=19–20 |date=June 1970}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || [[Brisbane]], Queensland || 14 || 1974 Jan 27 || [[1974 Brisbane flood]]. Cyclone Wanda&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=National Climate Centre |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/flood7.htm |title=Australian Climate Extremes-Flood |publisher=BOM |date=27 January 1974 |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20090317054300/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/96122/20090317-1643/www.bom.gov.au/lam/climate/levelthree/c20thc/flood7.html |archive-date=17 March 2009}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Explosion || {{NSWcity|Appin}}, New South Wales || 14 || 1979 Jul 24 || Appin Colliery Gas Explosion during a planned ventilation change&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.illawarracoal.com/appindisaster.htm |title=Illawarra Coal}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone/flood || Queensland and {{nowrap|New South Wales}} || 14 || 2017 Mar 27 – Apr 1 || [[Cyclone Debbie]] causes severe flooding throughout Queensland and New South Wales, with resultant severe damage&lt;ref name=&quot;Aon Benfield&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Podlaha |first1=Adam |last2=Bowen |first2=Steve |last3=Darbinyan |first3=Claire |last4=Lörinc |first4=Michal |title=Global Catastrophe Recap – April 2017 |url=http://thoughtleadership.aonbenfield.com/Documents/20170509-ab-analytics-if-april-global-recap.pdf |publisher=Aon Benfield Analytics |access-date=20 June 2017 |archive-date=18 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170518223347/http://thoughtleadership.aonbenfield.com/Documents/20170509-ab-analytics-if-april-global-recap.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Explosion || [[Wonthaggi]], Victoria || 13 || 1937 Feb 15 || Dalyson Colliery&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/Victoria/Wonthaggi/2005/02/17/1108500207650.html |title=Wonthaggi |date=8 February 2004 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Boating accident || [[Grafton, New South Wales]] || 13 ||1943 Dec 11|| 13 [[Cub Scouts (Australia)|Cub scouts]] drowned crossing the [[Clarence River (New South Wales)|Clarence River]] when their punt capsized.&lt;ref&gt;[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2661128 13 Dec 1943 – 13 BOYS DROWNED IN CLARENCE RIVER TRAGEDY – Trove&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Nundle]], New South Wales || 13 || 1948 Sep || [[1948 Australian National Airways DC-3 crash|DC3 Lutana]] near Tamworth&lt;ref&gt;[https://trove.nla.gov.au/search/category/newspapers?keyword=nundle%20lutana%20crash&amp;l-decade=194&amp;l-state=New%20South%20Wales&amp;l-year=1948 Trove search for many results 1948 Sep]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Explosion || Kianga, near {{QLDcity|Moura}}, Queensland || 13 || 1975 Sep 20 || Kianga Mine explosion&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.warden.qld.gov.au/findings/moura.htm |title=Moura |access-date=22 February 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060305024456/http://www.warden.qld.gov.au/findings/moura.htm |archive-date=5 March 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Sydney Airport]], New South Wales || 13 || 1980 Feb 21 || Light aircraft suffers engine failure&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.aph.gov.au/library/pubs/chron/2000-01/01chr02.htm |title=Aviation Safety Regulation Chronology 1981–2001 (Chronology 2 2000–01) |publisher=Aph.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414002515/http://www.aph.gov.au/library/pubs/chron/2000-01/01chr02.htm |archive-date=14 April 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Alice Springs]], Northern Territory || 13 || 1989 Aug 13 || [[1989 Alice Springs hot air balloon crash]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nt.gov.au/ntsc/doc/sentencing_remarks/0/92/0/NS000730.htm |title=THE QUEEN v. MICHAEL WINSTON SANBY; RULING ON THE VOIRE DIRE (No.1) No. 51/1990 Number of pages – 10 Evidence |publisher=Nt.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805081959/http://www.nt.gov.au/ntsc/doc/sentencing_remarks/0/92/0/NS000730.htm |archive-date=5 August 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Earthquake ||  {{NSWcity|Newcastle}}, New South Wales || 13 || 1989 Dec 28 || [[1989 Newcastle earthquake]] 
|-
| Bushfire || {{VICcity|Portland}}, Plenty Ranges, [[Westernport]]&lt;br&gt;[[Wimmera]] and Dandenong districts, Victoria ||12* ||1851 Feb 6 || &quot;Black Thursday&quot; bushfires. *Approximately 12 fatalities, one million sheep, thousands of cattle, {{convert|50000|km2|acre ha}} burnt&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;/&gt;
|-
| {{nowrap|Boating accident}} || [[Hawkesbury River]], New South Wales || 12 ||1936 Oct 18||Wedding party boat foundered during wind squall&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article137326740 |title=RIVER DISASTER. |newspaper=[[The Riverine Grazier]] |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=20 October 1936 |access-date=21 August 2020 |page=2}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || {{NSWcity|Windsor}}, New South Wales || 12 || 1867 Jun 21|| The Eather family swept away in flood&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hawkesbury.net.au/memorial/eather_family/index.html |title=Cornwallis, Eather Family Memorial |publisher=Hawkesbury.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Calgardup Bay]], Western Australia || 12 || 1876 Dec 1 || {{SS|Georgette}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/wa/georgette.htm |title=Shipwrecks &quot; Georgette |publisher=Abc.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Wollongong]], New South Wales || 12 || 1949 Feb 22 || {{SS|Bombo}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article47647520 |title=Coastal Ship Lost in Big Seas |newspaper=[[The West Australian]] |volume=65 |issue=19,5[?]5 |location=Western Australia |date=24 February 1949 |access-date=6 June 2021 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Gippsland]], Victoria || 12 || 1898 Feb 1 || &quot;Red Tuesday&quot; bushfires. {{convert|2600|km2|acre}} burnt, 12 people killed, 2,000 buildings destroyed&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/nrenfoe.nsf/LinkView/E20ACF3A4A127CB04A25679300155B04358FFCDA5CA1F43FCA256DA6000942C9 |access-date=29 June 2006 |url-status=dead |title=Major Bushfires in Victoria |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060902231529/http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/nrenfoe.nsf/LinkView/E20ACF3A4A127CB04A25679300155B04358FFCDA5CA1F43FCA256DA6000942C9 |archive-date=2 September 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bridge collapse || [[Hobart]], Tasmania || 12 || 1975 Jan 5 || [[Tasman Bridge disaster]]. The bulk ore carrier ''[[SS Lake Illawarra|Lake Illawarra]]'' collided with the bridge, causing a section to fall onto the vessel. Seven crewmen died as the ship sank. Five people perished as their cars plummeted off the edge.
|-
| Air accident || [[Adavale]], Queensland || 12 || 1983 Aug 28 || A charter flight from [[Windorah]] to [[Toowoomba]] broke up in flight and crashed on the evening of 28 August 1983, near Adavale&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Beech 200 Super King Air, VH-KTE, Adavale Queensland, 28 August 1983 |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/investigation_reports/1983/aair/aair198300051/ |website=Aviation safety investigations &amp; reports |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |access-date=26 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Explosion ||  {{QLDcity|Moura}}, Queensland ||12|| 1986 Jul 16 || Explosion in Moura No 4 Mine&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.warden.qld.gov.au/findings/moura.htm |title=Mining Wardens Court |access-date=22 February 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060305024456/http://www.warden.qld.gov.au/findings/moura.htm |archive-date=5 March 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || [[Dungog]], New South Wales || 12 || 1991 Aug 2 || Palm Grove Hostel fire&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/ed8422928c9ec592ca256d3300057b6d?OpenDocument |title=Dungog, NSW: Hostel Fire |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204060513/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/ed8422928c9ec592ca256d3300057b6d?OpenDocument |archive-date=4 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[serial killer|Serial killing]] || [[Snowtown]], South Australia || 12 ||1992–1999 || [[Snowtown murders]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/09/08/1062901997392.html |title=Sadists get life |work=[[The Age]] |date=9 September 2003}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || [[Boondall]], Queensland || 12 || 1994 Oct 24 || Boondall bus crash&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/bd2acda00c772d4dca256d3300057b7b?OpenDocument |title=Boondall (Brisbane), Qld: Bus Crash |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120730014031/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/bd2acda00c772d4dca256d3300057b7b?OpenDocument |archive-date=30 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Fraser Island]], Queensland || 11 || 1864 Mar 19 || The ''Panama'' was driven onto sand on the western coast of Fraser Island, near Sandy Cape during a cyclone early on 19 March. The death toll was 11 or 12 (sources vary)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71937748 |title=FIFTY YEARS AGO. |newspaper=[[The Capricornian]] |volume=39 |issue=14 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=4 April 1914 |access-date=9 March 2019 |page=7 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PanamaWreck&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=View Shipwreck – Panama |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/shipwreck/public/wreck/wreck.do?key=2965 |website=Australian National Shipwreck Database |publisher=Department of the Environment and Energy |access-date=9 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Brisbane, Qld: Loss of Barque in Cyclonic winds |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/54273a46a9c753b3ca256d0900180220/93563d34a95b5a6bca256d3300058226?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=9 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060909081549/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/54273a46a9c753b3ca256d0900180220/93563d34a95b5a6bca256d3300058226?OpenDocument |archive-date=9 September 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || Near {{VICcity|Horsham}}, Victoria || 11 || 1951 Feb 24 || A train collides with a bus at a level crossing&lt;ref name=&quot;The Daily Telegraph&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,21856974-5001021,00.html |title=Chronology of Australian train crashes |date=6 June 2007 |agency=AAP |work=The Daily Telegraph |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609075849/http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,21856974-5001021,00.html |archive-date=9 June 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Road accident
|Near [[Laverton, Western Australia]]
|11
|1985 Dec 16
|Eight indigenous men and three indigenous women aged between 16-40 died when their station wagon collided with a sedan near Laverton, WA.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Eleven Die in Western Australian Crash |url=https://apnews.com/article/04366ff812340ced71ce48aafed9895c |access-date=2023-06-13 |website=AP NEWS |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Cairns]], Queensland || 11 || 1975 Oct 23 || A [[de Havilland Heron]] DH114 aircraft crash landed near [[Cairns Airport]] on the night of 23 October, killing all eleven occupants&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Investigation 197500032 near Cairns Airport 23 October 1975 |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/investigation_reports/1975/aair/aair197500032/ |website=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia |access-date=23 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || {{QLDcity|Mount Emerald}}, Queensland || 11 || 1990 May 11 || [[Cessna 500]] jet aircraft collided with terrain {{convert|15|km}} south of [[Mareeba Airfield]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=ASN Aircraft accident Cessna 500, Marreeba, QLD |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19900511-0 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=23 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || [[Tamborine Mountain]], Queensland||11 || |1990 Sep 25|| Bus carrying mostly senior citizens from [[Newcastle, New South Wales]] overturned and rolled down mountain slope&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/122372924 |title=Charges should not be laid over crash: coroner |newspaper=The Canberra Times |date=24 July 1991}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://trid.trb.org/view/1200113 |title=Study of injury mechanisms of the Mt Tamborine coach crash, September 25, 1990: TRID record |publisher=[[Transportation Research Board]] |access-date=30 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Explosion || {{QLDcity|Moura}}, Queensland || 11 || 1994 Aug 7 || Explosion in Moura No 2 Mine&lt;ref&gt;http://www.nrw.qld.gov.au/mines/inspectorate/inquiries/moura2.pdf{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || Near [[Kerang]], Victoria || 11 || 2007 May 5 || [[Kerang train crash]]. A [[V/Line]] train collides with a truck at a level crossing&lt;ref name=&quot;The Daily Telegraph&quot;/&gt;
|-
| Fire || [[Slacks Creek]], Queensland || 11 ||2011 Aug 24|| House fire&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/national/fears-for-11-people-in-kingston-house-fire-south-of-brisbane/story-e6frfkvr-1226120883606 |title=Fears for 11 people in Kingston house fire |work=The Courier-Mail |date=24 August 2011 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || [[Quakers Hill]], New South Wales || 11* || 2011 Nov 18 || [[Quakers Hill#Nursing home fire|Quakers Hill Nursing Home fire]]. {{as of|2012|January|9}}, NSW health officials claimed a total of 21 out of 96 residents died but police could only conclusively prove 11 perished directly as a result of the fire.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/quakers-hill-home-fire-toll-tops-20-20120214-1t49v.html |title=Quakers Hill home fire toll tops 20 |date=15 February 2012 |access-date=19 June 2013 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-05-27/nurse-admits-murder-of-11-nursing-home-patients/4715024 |title=Nurse Roger Dean admits arson murder of 11 Quakers Hill nursing home residents |date=27 May 2013 |access-date=19 June 2013 |publisher=Abc.net.au}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shipwreck || [[Warrnambool]], Victoria || 10 || 1921 Jan 9 || Motorlaunch ''Nestor'' sinks in the [[Hopkins River]], ten minutes into a pleasure cruise. Of the eighty on board ten were drowned. Victoria's worst ferry disaster
|-
|Rail accident || {{nowrap|Near [[Traveston railway station]], Queensland}} || 10 || 1925 Jun 9 || 10 died and 48 injured when a passenger carriage and luggage van of the ''Rockhampton Mail'' plunged off a high trestle bridge&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Hallam|first=Greg|year=1999|title=Chapter 3: The Sunshine Route – Brisbane to Bundaberg|url=http://www.sunsteam.org.au/Chapter6-3.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030411221812/http://www.sunsteam.org.au/Chapter6-3.htm|archive-date=11 April 2003|access-date=11 April 2003|work=Volume 6: The Sunshine Route – Brisbane to Cairns|publisher=SunSteam Inc}} Retrieved from the [[Internet Archive]] on 9 June 2006.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || Near [[Boronia, Victoria]] || 10 || 1926 Apr 26 || A train collides with a van at a level crossing&lt;ref&gt;[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/83640082?searchTerm=boronia%20rail%20disaster 25 May 1926 – BORONIA DISASTER – Trove&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Canberra]], {{nowrap|Australian Capital Territory}} || 10 || 1940 Aug 13 || Senior War Cabinet Ministers, Chief of Staff, and others killed [[1940 Canberra air disaster|when their plane crashed]] in fine weather
|-
| Air accident || Near {{VICcity|Redesdale}}, Victoria || 10 || 1945 Jan 31 || [[1945 Australian National Airways Stinson crash|Crash of Stinson ''Tokana'']] caused by fatigue crack in wing spar
|-
| Massacre || South Australia || 10 || 1971 Sep 6 || Clifford Bartholomew kills ten members of his family&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.sapolicehistory.org/Sept07.html |title=South Australia Police Historical Society |access-date=5 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005083649/http://www.sapolicehistory.org/Sept07.html |archive-date=5 October 2013 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Road accident
|[[Merredin]], Western Australia
|10
|1982 Sep 18
|Ten people died (one adult, nine children) and 8 injured (four seriously) when their bus crashed into a tree returning from a football trip to Perth.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/116471001#:~:text=One%20of%20those%20killed%20was,15%20and%20two%20were%2016.&amp;text=hospitals%20in%20Perth%20and%20Merredin|title=Ten burn to death in bus crash|work=The Canberra Times|date=20 September 1982}}&lt;/ref&gt;  
|-
| Air accident || Near {{WAcity|Leonora}}, Western Australia || 10 || 1988 Dec 16 || [[Mitsubishi MU-2]] accident&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/1537356/aair198800143.pdf |title=MU-2 Accident and Investigation Research Report |publisher=Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=January 1992 |access-date=17 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || [[Wangaratta]], Victoria || 10 ||1993 Nov 2 || Crash between a semi-trailer truck and a bus on [[1993 Melbourne Cup|Melbourne Cup Day 1993]]. Ten members of the Anglo-Indian Association died when their bus heading to [[Corowa]] for a Melbourne Cup outing collided with a car-carrier semi trailer 
|-
| Heat wave || {{nowrap|Eastern and southern regions}} || 10+ ||1997 Jan 1 – 2 || Strong likelihood of additional unreported deaths&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/24d0e17358896099ca256d3300057db2?OpenDocument |title=Southern Australia: Heatwaves |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=[[Emergency Management Australia]] |date=15 February 1997 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031093336/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/24d0e17358896099ca256d3300057db2?OpenDocument |archive-date=31 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Storm/flood || {{Nowrap|[[Hunter Valley|Hunter]] and [[Central Coast (New South Wales)|Central Coast]] regions}}, New South Wales || 10 ||2007 Jun 8 – 11 || [[2007 New South Wales storms|Storm and flooding]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,21883398-661,00.html |title=Floods spark disease fear |first=Michael |last=Warner |date=11 June 2007 |agency=AAP |access-date=11 June 2007 |archive-date=7 September 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120907134142/www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,21883398-661,00.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || [[Greta, New South Wales|Greta]], New South Wales || 10 || 2023 Jun 11 || [[Greta bus crash]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-06-12/people-die-in-hunter-valley-bus-crash-nsw/102468124|title=Ten people die in Hunter Valley bus crash, 11 others taken to hospital|work=[[ABC News (Australia)]]|date=12 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Gallery ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Image:Port arthur outside.jpg|The [[Port Arthur massacre (Australia)|Port Arthur massacre]] claimed 35 lives in 1996 when [[Martin Bryant]] opened fire in the former [[penal colony]].
Image:AA Blackhawk A25-218.jpg|Two Australian Army [[Sikorsky S-70|S-70A Blackhawk helicopters]], similar to the one pictured, crashed in 1996 near [[Townsville]], killing 18 Australian soldiers.
Image:Eureka Stockade.jpg|A memorial stone to some of those who died during the [[Eureka Stockade]] in 1854.
Image:SkymasterCrashFuselage.PNG|The [[1950 Australian National Airways Douglas DC-4 crash]] claimed 29 lives.
Image:SevenMileBeach1946 2.png|The [[1946 Australian National Airways DC-3 crash]] claimed 25 lives.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Significant incidents resulting in fewer than 10 deaths==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Disaster!! Location!! Deaths!! Date!! Notes
|-
| Rail accident || [[Richmond railway station, Melbourne]] || 9 || 1910 Jul 1 || Brighton train collided with stationary train at platform.&lt;ref name=&quot;TheAge030952&quot;&gt;[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/205418087 Boronia lesson must be applied] ''[[The Age]]'' 3 September 1952 page 2&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Gippsland, Victoria|Gippsland]], Victoria || 9 || 1932 Feb 4 || Locations affected included [[Gilderoy, Victoria|Gilderoy]], [[Noojee]] and [[Erica, Victoria|Erica]] in North Gippsland. Worst incident was at Erica where six people were killed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=295 |title=Resource – Australian Emergency Management Knowledge Hub |work=Australian Emergency Management Knowledge Hub |access-date=15 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215083047/https://www.emknowledge.gov.au/resource/?id=295 |archive-date=15 February 2015 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || [[Boronia, Victoria]] || 9 || 1951 Jun 1 || Bus collided with suburban train.&lt;ref name=TheAge030952/&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Longwood, Victoria|Longwood]], Victoria || 9 || {{Nowrap|1965 Jan 17–19}} || Death toll included seven members of one family who were lost when their car crashed and was engulfed in the fires.&lt;ref&gt;[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article105824149 2,000 still fight death blaze] ''[[Canberra Times]]'' 19 January 1965 page 3&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || [[Violet Town]], Victoria || 9 || 1969 Feb 7 || [[Violet Town rail accident]]. Head-on collision after driver died at controls.&lt;ref&gt;Violet Town Collision - 1969 ''[[Australian Railway History]]'' issue 976 February 2019 page 4&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || [[Kings Cross, New South Wales]] || 9 || 1981 Aug || Rembrandt Apartments Hostel Fire. Fire.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.apartmentsrockhampton.com.au/apartments-rockhampton-articles/2000/6/24/council-hands-tied-trying-to-close-firetraps/ |title=Council Hands Tied Trying To Close Firetraps |publisher=Apartmentsrockhampton.com.au |date=24 June 2000 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706100904/http://www.apartmentsrockhampton.com.au/apartments-rockhampton-articles/2000/6/24/council-hands-tied-trying-to-close-firetraps/ |archive-date=6 July 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Melbourne]] || 9 || 1987 Dec 8 || [[Queen Street massacre]]. Shooting massacre
|-
| Air accident || [[Newcastle Airport, New South Wales|Newcastle]]–[[Lord Howe Island]] || 9 || 1994 Oct 2 || Seaview Air [[Aero Commander (aircraft)|Aero Commander 690]] crashes between Williamtown, NSW and Lord Howe Island.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/b7fd663c4d0666adca256d3300057b7a?OpenDocument |title=Williamtown - Lord Howe is, NSW: Light Aircraft Crash |access-date=14 March 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017212042/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/b7fd663c4d0666adca256d3300057b7a?OpenDocument |archive-date=17 October 2007}}, Williamtown-Lord Howe Island, NSW Light Aircraft Crash. Retrieved 14 March 2006.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || [[Kew, Victoria]] || 9 || 1996 Apr 8 || [[Kew Cottages]] fire. Fire at a Melbourne home for disabled people kills nine men. Coronial inquest in 1997 finds there was no proper fire safety system in place at the time of the fire.
|-
| Landslide || [[Gracetown]], [[Western Australia]] || 9 || 1996 Sep 27 || 5 adults and 4 children died when a cliff face collapsed at Cowaramup Bay near Gracetown (Margaret River)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://heraldsun.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5478,15640986%255E1702,00.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20071210093200/http://heraldsun.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5478,15640986%255E1702,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 December 2007 |title=cliff face collapse}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ga.gov.au/hazards/landslide/historic.jsp |access-date=21 December 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516024925/http://www.ga.gov.au/hazards/landslide/historic.jsp |title=Major historic landslides |archive-date=16 May 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Eyre Peninsula]], [[South Australia]] || 9 || 2005 Jan 11 || [[Eyre Peninsula bushfire]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ga.gov.au/urban/projects/nrap/eyre_peninsula.jsp |title=Geoscience Australia – Natural Hazards Home |publisher=Ga.gov.au |date=29 September 2010 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001005005/http://www.ga.gov.au/urban/projects/nrap/eyre_peninsula.jsp |archive-date=1 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Storm || [[Melbourne]] || 9 || 2016 Nov 21 || Nine people died of [[thunderstorm asthma]] and approximately 8,500 sought hospital treatment after a storm hit Melbourne.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-australia-38121579 |title='Thunderstorm asthma' deaths in Melbourne rise to eight |date=29 November 2016 |work=[[BBC Online]] |access-date=29 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-01-25/thunderstorm-asthma-ninth-death-in-victoria/8212096 |title='Thunderstorm asthma: Ninth death in Victoria after freak weather event in 2016 |date=26 January 2017 |work=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] |access-date=29 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Insurrection || [[Norfolk Island]] || 8 || 1834 Jan 15 || Convict mutiny. Six convicts and two guards killed. 11 convicts were later executed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.jenwilletts.com/colonial_events_1834.htm |title=Colonial Events 1834 |access-date=2 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160227192048/http://jenwilletts.com/colonial_events_1834.htm |archive-date=27 February 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Civil unrest || [[Broome, Western Australia|Broome]], Western Australia || 8 || 1920 Dec 23–26 || [[Broome race riots of 1920|Broome Race Riots]]. Brawling and rioting between Japanese and Koepanger (Malay &amp; Timorese) pearl divers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.acr.net.au/~davidandjane/riota_20020416.pdf |title=Broome Race Riots}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Snowy Mountains]], [[New South Wales]] || 8 || 1931 Mar 21 || [[Southern Cloud]]
|-
| Air accident || [[Jervis Bay]], New South Wales || 8 || 1943 Apr 14 || Two RAAF [[Bristol Beaufort]]s collided whilst performing demonstration flight for war correspondents on board a naval vessel.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ozatwar.com/nsw29.htm |title=Collision of two Beauforts at Jervis Bay, NSW – 14 April 1943}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Wandilo]], [[South Australia]] || 8 || 1958 Apr || 8 firefighters died&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/83edbd0553620d8cca256d09001fc8fd/3721c247ea987e7fca256d3300057c4b?OpenDocument |title=Wandilo, SA: Pine forest fire |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Golden Grove, South Australia]] || 8 || 1972 Jul 13 || [[Piper PA-31-310 Navajo]] plane crash&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/investigation_reports/1972/aair/aair197203861/ |title=Investigation Report 197203861 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]]|date=July 1994 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Explosion || [[Sandy Bay, Tasmania]] || 8 || 1974 Sep 5 || 8 died when newly installed boiler at Mt. St. Canice laundry breached after &quot;gags&quot; were not removed from safety valves and boiler was subsequently fired until it exploded whilst commissioning.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/110789684?searchTerm=Mount%20stCanice%20hobart&amp;searchLimits= |title=Boiler Test Against Order, Inquest Told |publisher=Canberra Times |date=26 November 1974}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || Western [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]] || 8 || 1977 Feb || Around [[Streatham, Victoria|Streatham]] was the worst affected area.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ses.vic.gov.au/CA256AEA002F0EC7/OrigDoc/~CAA5B40EBFD04988CA256AED00804B1F?OpenDocument&amp;1=10-Listing~&amp;2=-Response+Roles~&amp;3=0-Bushfires~ |title=Victoria State Emergency Service |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051231063116/http://www.ses.vic.gov.au/CA256AEA002F0EC7/OrigDoc/~CAA5B40EBFD04988CA256AED00804B1F?OpenDocument&amp;1=10-Listing~&amp;2=-Response%20Roles~&amp;3=0-Bushfires~ |archive-date=31 December 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || Near [[Gordonvale]], Queensland || 8 || 1987 Feb 4 || Bus returning from school camp veered off-road. All of those lost were students of [[Cairns State High School]] aged 15–17. 12 more people were seriously injured. Subsequent inquests ruled that faulty brakes on the vehicle were the cause of the accident.&lt;ref name=&quot;latrobe.edu.au&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |url=http://www.latrobe.edu.au/education/downloads/brookes_a_OE-Fatalities1.pdf |title=Outdoor education fatalities in Australia 1960–2002. Part 1. Summary of incidents and introduction to fatality analysis |author=Brookes, A. |date=2003 |journal=Australian Journal of Outdoor Education |doi=10.1007/BF03400778 |s2cid=166658283}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || [[Onslow, Western Australia|Onslow]] &amp; [[Carnarvon, Western Australia|Carnarvon]], Western Australia || 8 || 1995 Feb 24–26 || [[Cyclone Bobby]]. Seven of the deaths occurred when two fishing trawlers sank near Onslow. 
|-
| Air accident || Off [[Whyalla]], South Australia || 8 || 2000 May 31 || [[Whyalla Airlines Flight 904|Whyalla Airlines Disaster]]. All on board drowned, one body was never recovered.
|-
| Explosion || Off [[Dampier, Western Australia]] || 8 || 2001 Nov 18 || ''Nigo Kim'' cargo ship explosion.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/527d147ed6759584ca256d330005af0e?OpenDocument |title=Archived copy |access-date=11 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204060533/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/527d147ed6759584ca256d330005af0e?OpenDocument |archive-date=4 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Manoora, Queensland|Manoora]], [[Cairns]], [[Queensland]] || 8 || 2014 Dec 19 || [[Cairns child killings]]. Eight children were fatally stabbed in a Murray Street residence.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-19/cairns-stabbing-eight-children-dead-after-manoora-stabbing/5979452 |title=Cairns stabbings: Eight children dead after incident in Manoora home |work=ABC News}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Serial killing || Near [[Berrima, New South Wales]] || 7+ || 1989–1994 || [[Backpacker murders]]. The remains of seven backpackers found in the [[Belanglo State Forest]]; the killer remains the [[prime suspect]] for another 16 unsolved murders and is a [[person of interest]] for another 14. There is evidence he may not have acted alone.
|-
| Rail accident || [[Cootamundra]], New South Wales || 7 || 1885 Jan 25 || Derailment when [[Salt Clay Creek railway disaster|Salt Clay Creek]] flooded, destroying culvert
|-
| Mine disaster || [[Collinsville, Queensland|Collinsville]], Queensland || 7 || 1954 Oct 13 ||On 13 October 1954, seven men were killed in the deepest part of the [[Collinsville coal mine|Collinsville State Coal Mine]] about 1.5 kilometres from the entrance of the No. 1 tunnel, when an [[Outburst (mining)|outburst]] dislodged 900 tonnes of earth.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Collinsville State Coal Mine 1954– Mining accident Database |url=http://www.mineaccidents.com.au/mine-event/43/collinsville-state-coal-mine-1954 |website=www.mineaccidents.com.au |access-date=12 January 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Collinsville mine disaster]] was the largest loss of life in a Queensland mine since the [[Mount Mulligan mine disaster]] in 1921.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Collinsville disaster remembered |url=http://www.australianmining.com.au/news/collinsville-disaster-remembered |website=Australian Mining |access-date=12 January 2016 |archive-date=7 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507013715/https://www.australianmining.com.au/news/collinsville-disaster-remembered/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Boating accident || [[Wilson Inlet]], Western Australia || 7 || 1911 Nov 5 || Seven members of the same family drowned when a small yacht ''Little Wonder'' was hit by a squall.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Yachting Disaster. Craft Founders at Wilson's Inlet. |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/38837278 |access-date=2 April 2018 |work=Western Mail |date=11 November 1911 |location=Perth, WA |page=19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Boating accident || [[Lake Hume]], New South Wales || 7 || 1963 Aug 15 || Canoeists on [[Outward Bound Australia|Outward Bound]] outdoor education trip drowned when their canoes capsized in rough weather and in cold waters.&lt;ref name=&quot;latrobe.edu.au&quot;/&gt;
|-7 persons single vehicle car accident, Warren NSW 1969
| Flood || [[Canberra]] || 7 || 1971 Jan 26 || [[1971 Canberra flood]]. Seven motorists were killed when their cars were swept into a creek.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bureau – Severe Storm Events 1970/79 |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/weather/nsw/sevwx/7079summ.shtml |website=[[Bureau of Meteorology]]|publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=19 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090405175950/http://www.bom.gov.au/weather/nsw/sevwx/7079summ.shtml |archive-date=5 April 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Alice Springs]], Northern Territory || 7 || 1972 Jan 20 || [[Beechcraft 65|Beechcraft 65-80 Queen Air]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24835/197203842.pdf |title=Accident Investigation Report 72-2 |publisher=Air Safety Investigation Branch, Department of Civil Aviation Australia |date=September 1972 |access-date=26 August 2020 |archive-date=18 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918045617/https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24835/197203842.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Serial killing || Near [[Truro, South Australia]] || 7 || 1976–1977 || [[Truro murders]]. Remains of seven young women found in bushland.
|-
| Fire || Sydney || 7 || 1979 Jun 9 || Fire engulfs the [[1979 Sydney Ghost Train fire|Ghost Train]] ride at [[Luna Park Sydney]]. May have been arson.&lt;ref name=&quot;SMHmay-26-07&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |first=Kate |last=McClymont |title=Niece links Abe Saffron to Luna Park deaths |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/they-werent-meant-to-die/2007/05/25/1179601666851.html |work=Sydney Morning Herald |date=26 May 2003 |access-date=26 May 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Charleville, Queensland]] || 7 || 1981 Sep 19 || [[Cessna 206|Cessna U206]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/5226499/198100064.pdf |title=Commonwealth of Australia – Bureau of Air Safety Investigation Occurrence No. SI/811/1065 |work=Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=31 May 1983 |access-date=2 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Milperra]], New South Wales || 7 || 1984 Sep 2 || [[Milperra massacre]]. Shooting massacre
|-
| Massacre || [[Clifton Hill, Victoria]] || 7 || 1987 Aug 9 || [[Hoddle Street massacre]]. Shooting massacre
|-
| Flood || [[Queensland]], [[New South Wales]] and [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]] || 7 || 1990 || Nyngan and Charleville Flood. More than a million square kilometres of flooding.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/45802b6587cde6d2ca256d3300057bf4?OpenDocument |title=SW Qld, NW NSW and NE Vic: Floods |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=21 April 1990 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205044615/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/45802b6587cde6d2ca256d3300057bf4?OpenDocument |archive-date=5 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[South Stradbroke Island]], [[Queensland]] || 7 || 1991 Mar 3 || [[Sea World (Australia)|Sea World]] helicopter accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/investigation_reports/1991/AAIR/pdf/199102520.pdf |title=Accident Investigation Report B/911/1019 |publisher=Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=July 1992 |access-date=17 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Strathfield]], New South Wales || 7 || 1991 Aug 17 || [[Strathfield massacre]]. Shooting massacre
|-
| Massacre || [[Terrigal]], New South Wales || 7 || 1992 Oct 27 || [[Central Coast massacre]]. Shooting massacre
|-
| Air accident || [[Young, New South Wales]] || 7 || 1993 Jun 11 || [[Piper PA-31-350 Chieftain]] plane crash.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/25055/aair199301743_001.pdf |title=Investigation Report 9301743 |publisher=Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=July 1994 |access-date=17 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Hillcrest, Queensland]] || 7 || 1996 Jan 25 || Peter May killed his estranged wife, three children and parents-in-law before committing suicide.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/victory-brisbane-womens-services |title=Victory for Brisbane women's services |publisher=Green Left Weekly |date=14 February 1996 |access-date=11 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || Around [[Cairns]], [[Queensland]] || 7 || 1997 Mar || [[Cyclone Justin]]. 1 death from landslide. There were also 26 deaths from the same cyclone in [[Papua New Guinea]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/3a79340b41b331ceca256d3300057dc5?OpenDocument |title=Cairns Region, Qld: Cyclone (incl Floods &amp; Storm Surge) |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 March 1997 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205044624/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/3a79340b41b331ceca256d3300057dc5?OpenDocument |archive-date=5 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || [[Glenbrook, New South Wales]] || 7 || 1999 Dec || [[Glenbrook train disaster]]. Collision by a CityRail Intercity train into the rear wagon of an Indian Pacific train after &quot;Stop and Proceed&quot;.
|-
| Heat wave || Around [[Adelaide]], South Australia || 7 || 2000 Feb ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/e6b466bb797721acca256d330005aeb9?OpenDocument |title=Adelaide and Region, SA: Heatwave |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=18 February 2000 |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || [[Waterfall, New South Wales]] || 7 || 2003 Jan || [[Waterfall rail accident]]. Excessive speed resulting in derailment after driver died at the controls and 'dead man' safety device failed to function.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/05/09/1052280438111.html Waterfall train had mind of its own], [[Sydney Morning Herald]], 10 May 2003&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre  || [[Osmington, Western Australia]] || 7 || 2018 May 11 || [[Osmington shooting]]. Three adults and four children were shot dead in an alleged murder-suicide on a rural property.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-05-11/seven-people-found-dead-in-margaret-river-murder-suicide/9751482 |title=Margaret River murder-suicide: Seven people found dead at home near WA holiday town |publisher=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |date=11 May 2018 |access-date=11 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Industrial accident || [[Spotswood, Victoria]] || 6 || 1895 || [[Spotswood sewer tunnel|Spotswood Sewer Disaster]]. The drilling of an underground sewer in Melbourne went too close to the [[Yarra River]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.westgatebridge.org/spsewer.htm Westgate Bridge Memorial Committee] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819133335/http://www.westgatebridge.org/spsewer.htm |date=19 August 2006 }}, Spotswood Sewer Disaster&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Alligator Creek, Queensland (Mackay)|Alligator Creek]] near [[Mackay, Queensland]]|| 6 || 1911 Nov 17 || A mother and five children were murdered in their home.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article19727517 |title=Tragedy at Mackay |newspaper=[[The Brisbane Courier]] |date=20 November 1911 |access-date=15 March 2014 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Battle || [[Broken Hill]], New South Wales || 6 || 1915 Jan 1 || [[Battle of Broken Hill]]. Two Indian immigrants open fire on a train carrying picnickers.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.abc.net.au/gnt/history/Transcripts/s1051016.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114002130/http://www.abc.net.au/gnt/history/Transcripts/s1051016.htm|date=14 November 2013}}, [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]], 23 February 2004&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Landslide || {{Nowrap|Between [[Blackwood, South Australia]] and [[Belair, South Australia]]}} || 6 || 1928 Jan 31 || Hills Railway line disaster. A railway embankment collapsed during tunnel demolition, entombing 6 railway workers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ga.gov.au/hazards/landslide/historic.jsp |title=Major historic landslides |publisher=Geoscience Australia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516024925/http://www.ga.gov.au/hazards/landslide/historic.jsp |archive-date=16 May 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Adelaide Hills, SA: Landslide |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/32b2527ff4f28e87ca256d3300057e58?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=15 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090611220233/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/32b2527ff4f28e87ca256d3300057e58?OpenDocument |archive-date=11 June 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air Accident || Near [[Port Pirie]], South Australia || 6 || 1943 Aug 27 || Two RAAF [[Fairey Battle]] aircraft on a training flight collided in mid-air.&lt;ref&gt;[https://vwma.org.au/explore/memorials/1529 Virtual War Memorial | Port Pirie RAAF K9380 and L5654 Crash Site&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air Raid || Drysdale Mission, Northern Territory || 6 || 1943 Sep 26 || Missionary Priest &amp; five Aboriginal children killed in Japanese bombing raid on RAAF aerodrome located beside the Mission.&lt;ref&gt;Cooper, Anthony. ''Darwin Spitfires''. New South Press, University of New South Wales Press Ltd, 2011. p-457.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || [[Kempsey, New South Wales|Kempsey]], [[Macleay Valley]] || 6 || 1949 Aug 26–27 || Six people died in the flood, five in Kempsey.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=1949 Macleay River Flood |url=http://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/disaster/flood/display/21707-1949-macleay-river-flood |publisher=Monument Australia |access-date=21 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Kempsey Traffic Bridge reached a peak height of 8.42m on the afternoon of 27 August.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Local Flood Plan – Kempsey Shire SES |url=https://www.ses.nsw.gov.au/media/1691/plan-kempsey-lfp-july-2012-endorsed.pdf |publisher=NSW State Emergency Service |access-date=21 February 2019 |pages=63–64}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Sale, Victoria|East Sale]], Victoria || 6 || 1962 Aug 15 || Four RAAF [[Dehavilland vampire|Vampire]] jets crashed in a military gunnery range area during rehearsals for a low-level aerobatic display. Four pilots and two passengers killed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.adf-serials.com.au/dfs/The-Red-Sales.pdf |title=Too Little, Too Late |access-date=29 January 2024 |archive-date=6 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406071439/http://www.adf-serials.com.au/dfs/The-Red-Sales.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || {{Nowrap|18&amp;nbsp;km south of Wilkurra Homestead, New South Wales}} || 6 || 1974 Apr 2 || [[Cessna 310]]H accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24679/197401425.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/742/1018 |publisher=Government of Australia: Department of Transport |date=28 February 1975 |access-date=31 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Merimbula]], New South Wales || 6 || 1976 Feb 29 || [[Piper PA-32]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24624/197601485.pdf |title=Accident Investigation Report 77-2 |publisher=Government of Australia: Department of Transport |date=September 1977 |access-date=2 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || {{Nowrap|Near [[Kingscote Airport]], [[Kangaroo Island]], South Australia}} || 6 || 1977 May 15 || [[Cessna 210]]K accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/5226260/197704462.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report SI/774/1011 |publisher=Government of Australia: Department of Transport |date=17 April 1980 |access-date=3 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || [[Sydney]] and [[Penrith, New South Wales]] || 6 || 1978 Feb–Mar ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.emergency.nsw.gov.au/content.php/259.html |title=Major Flood Emergencies in NSW – 1978, February, Sydney and Coastal |publisher=emergencyNSW |access-date=6 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060820142211/http://emergency.nsw.gov.au/content.php/259.html |archive-date=20 August 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Norseman Airport]], [[Norseman, Western Australia]] || 6 || 1978 Jun 11 || [[Beechcraft D-55 Baron]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/5226368/197805170.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report SI/785/1016 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Transport |date=25 January 1980 |access-date=4 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Essendon, Victoria]] || 6 || 1978 Jul 10 || Aircraft with a crew of two and one passenger crashed into houses shortly after takeoff from [[Essendon Airport]]. 6 members of one family were killed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/54273a46a9c753b3ca256d0900180220/9a6f3517d58f8c6aca256d33000582fb?OpenDocument |title=Essendon, Melbourne, Vic: Light Aircraft Crash |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Shepparton]], Victoria || 6 || 1979 Aug 30 || [[Cessna 206|Cessna P206C]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/5226427/197902803.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report V116/793/1032 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Transport |date=19 August 1981 |access-date=7 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Serial killing || [[Tynong North]] and [[Frankston, Victoria]] || 6 || 1980 Dec || Remains found in bushland. Investigation still open.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/stories/s263277.htm |title=7.30 Report – 20/3/2001: Public revelation of serial murder suspect sparks debate |publisher=Abc.net.au |date=20 March 2001 |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110310011248/http://www.abc.net.au/7.30/stories/s263277.htm |archive-date=10 March 2011 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.crimenet.com.au/show_unsolved.phtml?id=33&amp;sid=b1671e1dd3b7ce8668cd681e87dd5bbe |title=Tynong North murders: Four dead women found in Victorian bushland |access-date=16 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061010052726/http://www.crimenet.com.au/show_unsolved.phtml?id=33&amp;sid=336710483b02824d1f47e0d76f0a8be1 |archive-date=10 October 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Koolan Island]], Western Australia || 6 || 1984 Dec 23 || [[Cessna 210]]L accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/29885/aair198404513.pdf |title=Aviation Safety Investigation Report 198404513 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |access-date=14 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Bankstown Airport]], New South Wales || 6 || 1985 Jun 7 || [[Cessna 210]]N accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/31057/aair198502539.pdf |title=Aviation Safety Investigation Report 198502539 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |access-date=11 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || [[Hawkesbury, New South Wales]] || 6 || 1986 Aug || Hawkesbury and Georges River Flood.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/2184f666b6255bd3ca256d33000580ae?OpenDocument |title=Hawkesbury and Georges Rivers, NSW: Floods |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028084224/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/2184f666b6255bd3ca256d33000580ae?OpenDocument |archive-date=28 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Essendon, Victoria]] || 6 || 1986 Sep 3 || Air Ambulance Cessna (call signal RED) crashed on takeoff from [[Essendon Airport]] after single engine failure.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ag.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/83edbd0553620d8cca256d09001fc8fd/1b61ceec08a6748eca256d33000583d3!OpenDocument |title=Essendon (Melbourne), Vic: Air Ambulance Crash |publisher=Ag.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905120413/http://ag.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/83edbd0553620d8cca256d09001fc8fd/1b61ceec08a6748eca256d33000583d3!OpenDocument |archive-date=5 September 2008 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || [[Kings Cross, New South Wales]] || 6 || 1989 Sep 17 || [[Downunder Hostel fire]]. Arson attack.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/d5bc4b29624f8918ca256d33000583de?OpenDocument |title=Kings Cross, NSW: Fire |publisher=Ema.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031092210/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/d5bc4b29624f8918ca256d33000583de?OpenDocument |archive-date=31 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood/cyclone || Southern [[Queensland]] and northern [[New South Wales]] || 6 || 1990 Feb 3–7 || [[1989–90 South Pacific cyclone season#Tropical Cyclone Nancy|Tropical Cyclone Nancy]] crossed the coast near [[Byron Bay]], then moving back out to sea. It brought extremely heavy rain which led to flash flooding, with 6 lives lost to drowning.&lt;ref name=&quot;TCimpactsEcoast&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/16269f64a839ef3cca256d3300057bf1?OpenDocument |title=Southern Qld / Northern NSW: Floods |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017212211/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/16269f64a839ef3cca256d3300057bf1?OpenDocument |archive-date=17 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || [[Brooklyn, New South Wales]] || 6 || 1990 May 6 || Commuter train crashed into a stalled chartered steam train.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.emergency.nsw.gov.au/content.php/281.html |title=1990, May 6, Cowan |access-date=8 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060820133841/http://emergency.nsw.gov.au/content.php/281.html |archive-date=20 August 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Tarago, New South Wales]] || 6 || 1992 Jun 19 || [[Beechcraft Baron]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/investigation_reports/1992/AAIR/pdf/aair199200014_001.pdf |title=Investigation Report B/926/1005 |publisher=Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=October 1993 |access-date=17 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Geraldton]], Western Australia || 6 || 1992 Aug 25 || [[Beechcraft Baron]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/5771749/9251035-vh-hsz.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Report 9251035 |publisher=Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=5 March 1993 |access-date=17 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Launceston, Tasmania]] || 6 || 1993 Sep 17 || A [[Piper PA-31-350 Chieftain]] collided with powerlines and crashed near [[Launceston Airport]], killing six of the ten people on board.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/25056/199302851.pdf |title=Investigation Report 9302851 |publisher=Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=November 1995 |access-date=3 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Weipa Airport, Queensland|Weipa Airport]], [[Weipa, Queensland]] || 6 || 1994 Mar 21 || [[Britten-Norman BN-2 Islander|Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Islander]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/investigation_reports/1994/AAIR/pdf/ASOR199400698.PDF |title=Aviation Safety Investigation Report 199400698 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |date=4 December 2007 |access-date=3 March 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Maritime accident || [[Tasman Sea]] || 6 || 1998 || 1998 [[Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race]]. 5 boats sank and 6 people died.
|-
| Air accident || [[Hamilton Island (Queensland)|Hamilton Island]], Queensland || 6 || 2002 Sep 27 || [[Piper Cherokee Six]] aircraft crashed shortly after take-off. All six occupants, five of which were foreign nationals, perished.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.courts.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/86640/cif-hamilton-isl-bowles-m-j-s-k-morris-a-legallo-ca-20060907.pdf |title=Office of the State Coroner [Queensland}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road crash || [[Cardross, Victoria|Cardross]], near [[Mildura]], Victoria || 6 || 2006 Feb 18 || [[Cardross road crash]]. Car ploughs into group of teenagers, driver flees.
|-
| Sinking || Sydney Harbour || 6 || 2008 May 1 || 6 killed and 9 injured when two boats collided.&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.today/20120719012517/http://news.smh.com.au/five-killed-in-sydney-harbour-boat-smash/20080501-29vh.html Five killed in Sydney Harbour boat smash] [[Sydney Morning Herald]], 1 May 2008&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || [[Penshurst, Victoria|Penshurst]] || 6 || 2011 Nov 11 || A car and truck collided and subsequently caught fire at an intersection near Penshurst. Four occupants of the car died at the scene, along with the truck driver, and a fifth occupant of the car died later in hospital.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.standard.net.au/news/local/news/general/penshurst-crash-scene-horrific/2355868.aspx |title=Penshurst crash scene |author=Mary Alexander |date=11 November 2011 |work=The Standard}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Gympie]], Queensland || 6 || 2012 Oct 1 || [[De Havilland]] DH84 Dragon crashed in dense bushland, killing all six on board.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/national/wreckage-of-des-porters-vintage-bi-plane-spotted-on-ridge-near-in-thick-cloud-on-afternoon-it-went-missing/story-fncynjr2-1226486865551 |title=No survivors in crash of missing vintage plane found near Lake Borumba, west of Imbil |publisher=The Courier Mail |date=3 October 2012 |access-date=3 October 2012 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || Tasmania, ACT &amp; New South Wales || 6 || 2016 Jun 5–8 || Three deaths occurred in Tasmania at [[Latrobe, Tasmania|Latrobe]], [[Ouse, Tasmania|Ouse]] and [[Evandale, Tasmania|Evandale]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-06-09/mounting-tasmanian-damage-bill-feared-as-floodwaters-subside/7494504 |title=Massive damage bill feared as waters subside from Tasmanian floods |website=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=9 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; One death occurred at [[Cotter Dam]] in the ACT. Two deaths occurred in NSW, one near [[Bowral, New South Wales|Bowral]], the other in [[Leppington, New South Wales|Leppington]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/technology/environment/five-dead-and-more-missing-in-tamanian-floods-as-cleanup-continues-in-nsw/news-story/fae9c101007690f16214c15eeed3b20a |title=Storm death toll expected to rise |newspaper=[[News.com.au]]|date=8 June 2016 |last1=Morrow |first1=Michael}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Vehicle attack || [[Melbourne]] || 6 || 2017 Jan 20 || [[January 2017 Melbourne car attack]]
|-
| Sinking || Near [[1770, Queensland]] || 6 || 2017 Oct 16 || Sinking of the ''FV Dianne''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-03-26/sole-survivor-of-dianne-trawler-recalls-sinking-for-inquest/10939730 |title=Sole survivor of Dianne trawler sinking yelled at trapped crewmates for hours |newspaper=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |date=26 March 2019 |access-date=23 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Cottage Point]], New South Wales || 6 || 2017 Dec 31 || [[2017 Sydney Seaplanes crash]]. A [[de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver]] seaplane crashed in Jerusalem Bay, killing all 6 people on board including [[Richard Cousins]], CEO of British foodservice company, [[Compass Group]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-12-31/sea-plane-has-crashed-into-the-hawkesbury-river-nsw/9295610 |title=Hawkesbury River seaplane crash: Six people killed after aircraft goes down near Cowan |publisher=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |date=31 December 2017 |access-date=31 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Recreation accident || [[Devonport, Tasmania|Devonport]], Tasmania || 6 || 2021 Dec 16 || An inflatable castle that was being used for a year-end celebration at Hillcrest Primary School became airborne, [[2021 Hillcrest Primary School accident|resulting in the deaths of six students]]. A further three students were seriously injured.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-16/jumping-castle-hillcrest-primary-school-children-die/100704754 |title=Five children die, several others critically injured after jumping castle blown into air at Tasmanian school |work=ABC News (Australia) |date=16 December 2021 |access-date=16 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Juanola |first=Marta Pascual |date=2021-12-19 |title=Devonport jumping castle tragedy claims sixth life |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/devonport-jumping-castle-tragedy-claims-sixth-life-20211219-p59is1.html |access-date=2021-12-19 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Police siege || [[Glenrowan, Victoria|Glenrowan]], Victoria || 5 || 1880 Jun 28 || Planned ambush of police train by outlaw [[Ned Kelly]] and his gang was thwarted and instead became a hostage situation at Glenrowan hotel. Three gang members and two hostages were killed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/subscribe/news/1/index.html?sourceCode=HSWEB_WRE170_a&amp;mode=premium&amp;dest=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/law-order/ann-jones-and-her-children-were-held-hostage-by-ned-kelly-during-his-gangs-infamous-last-stand/story-fnat7dag-1226515319737?memtype=anonymous |title=Ann Jones and her children were held hostage by Ned Kelly during his gangs infamous last stand|website=[[Herald Sun]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Sinking || North of [[Bermagui, New South Wales]] || 5 || 1880 Oct 9 || Mystery Bay disappearance. Crew of 5 men in a small boat disappears off the NSW south coast. Boat found at Mutton Fish Point (now Mystery Bay) with some of the crews belongings.
|-
| Landslide || [[Cairns]], [[Queensland]] || 5 || 1900 May 31 || Riverstone landslide. A tramway cutting caves in on workers, at Gordonvale.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ga.gov.au/image_cache/GA4169.pdf |title=Chapter 5: Landslide Risks |access-date=6 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060826083913/http://www.ga.gov.au/image_cache/GA4169.pdf |archive-date=26 August 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Storm || [[Sydney]] || 5 || 1937 Jan 25 || A tornadic thunderstorm moved through Sydney on the afternoon of 25 January. Five people died.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Stormy Weather |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/nsw/sevwx/facts/stormy-weather.pdf |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |access-date=22 February 2019 |pages=17}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Lamington National Park]], New South Wales || 5 || 1937 Feb 19–20 || Crash of [[1937 Australian National Airways Stinson crash|Australian National Airways Stinson Model A]] ''VH-UHH Brisbane''. Four men died in initial crash, fifth man killed in accidental fall the following day whilst trying to reach help. Two survivors rescued nine days later.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Stinson plane crash inquest |url=http://www.archives.qld.gov.au/Researchers/History/Interest/Pages/StinsonInquest.aspx |publisher=Queensland State Archives |access-date=9 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929203108/http://www.archives.qld.gov.au/Researchers/History/Interest/Pages/StinsonInquest.aspx |archive-date=29 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Drowning || [[Bondi Beach]], Sydney, New South Wales || 5 || 1938 Feb 6 || 'Black Sunday'- Approximately 200 swimmers were dragged out by severe undertow caused by three freak waves. Surf Lifesavers were credited with saving at least 180 people.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/black-sunday-1938-hundreds-washed-out-to-sea-on-bondi-beach-as-freak-waves-kill-five-injure-dozens/news-story/2f584af7365abc298d039d42e5f2ddf1 |title=Black Sunday: Three waves of death at Bondi |newspaper=Daily Telegraph |date=6 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Nhill]], Victoria || 5 || 1943 May 13 || [[Avro Anson]] During a training mission from Mt Gambier to Nhill crashed in fog just 8 miles north east of Nhill.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ozatwar.com/ozcrashes/vic152.htm |title=Crash of an Avro Anson, 8 miles north east of Nhill, Victoria on 13 May 1943 |access-date=30 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || [[Sydenham, New South Wales]] || 5 || 1953 || [[Sydenham rail disaster]]. [[Wrong-side failure]] causes rear-end collision of two trains
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Gove Airport]], [[East Arnhem Region]], Northern Territory || 5 || 1969 Dec 22 || [[Cessna 402]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24646/196903405.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/694/1031 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Civil Aviation |date=3 March 1971 |access-date=17 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Moorabbin]], Victoria || 5 || 1970 Oct 19 || Airborne collision between a [[Beechcraft D-50 Twin Bonanza]] and a [[Bell 47|Bell 47G]] helicopter.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24228/197002588.pdf |title=Accident Investigation Report 70-6 |publisher=Air Safety Investigation Branch, Department of Civil Aviation Australia |date=April 1972 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Parafield Airport]], [[Parafield, South Australia]] || 5 || 1975 Mar 3 || [[Beechcraft D-55 Baron]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24690/197504257.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/754/1007 |publisher=Government of Australia: Department of Transport |date=30 January 1976 |access-date=31 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Fitzroy Station, Northern Territory || 5 || 1975 Mar 13 || A [[Cessna 310]]N collided with a radio mast and subsequently crashed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24621/197504260.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/754/1010 |publisher=Government of Australia: Department of Transport |date=29 August 1975 |access-date=31 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Parafield Airport]], [[Parafield, South Australia]] || 5 || 1976 Feb 1 || Airborne collision between a [[Rossair (Australia)|Rossair]] [[Cessna 172]]M and a [[Piper PA-28 Cherokee]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24849/197604613.pdf |title=Accident Investigation Report 76-3 |publisher=Government of Australia: Department of Transport |date=November 1976 |access-date=31 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Cloncurry]], Queensland || 5 || 1976 Jun 11 || [[Cessna 210]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24622/197600023.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report SI/761/1023 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Transport |date=1 December 1978 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Suicide air attack || [[Alice Springs Airport]] || 5 || 1977 Jan 5 || [[Connellan air disaster]] A disgruntled ex-employee deliberately flew light aircraft into [[Connellan Airways]] building. Roger Connellan, son of the company's founder, was among those killed.
|-
| Air accident || Mount Cataract, Queensland || 5 || 1977 May 26 || [[Cessna 310]]R accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/5507421/197700012_Redacted.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report SI/771/1012 |publisher=Government of Australia: Department of Transport |date=16 October 1979 |access-date=3 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Moorooduc]], Victoria || 5 || 1980 Sep 28 || Airborne collision between a [[Cessna 172]]N and a glider.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/5226464/198002609.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report V116/803/1033 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=22 July 1983 |access-date=7 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Presumed air accident || [[Barrington Tops National Park]] || 5 || 1981 Aug 9 || [[1981 Barrington Tops Cessna 210 disappearance|VH-MDX]] disappeared
|-
| Air accident || [[Archerfield, Queensland]] || 5 || 1982 Jan 5 || A [[Cessna 411]]A crashed into an annex, killing the pilot and four people on the ground.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/2054648/198200005_r.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Report 821-1004 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=March 1983 |access-date=7 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Lang Lang, Victoria]] || 5 || 1982 Jan 7 || [[Bell 206]]B accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24697/198202438.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report V116/823/1002 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=30 May 1983 |access-date=7 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Cairns]], Queensland || 5 || 1982 Sep 30 || [[Cessna 210]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/5214862/aair198200063.pdf |title=Aviation Safety Investigation Report 198200063 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |access-date=7 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || Inland Motel at the base of [[Uluru]] || 5 || 1983 Aug 18 || [[Douglas Crabbe]] rammed his 25-ton [[Mack Trucks|Mack truck]] through the wall of the motel's bar.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.darwinresearchcentre.com/feature001.asp?id=220 The Untold Suffering of Victims of Crime] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070105200649/http://www.darwinresearchcentre.com/feature001.asp?id=220 |date=5 January 2007 }}, Darwin Research Centre&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || 33&amp;nbsp;km West of [[Peterborough, South Australia]] || 5 || 1985 Oct 22 || [[Piper PA-32]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/28124/aair198500667.pdf |title=Aviation Safety Investigation Report 198500667 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |access-date=3 September 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Chipping Norton, New South Wales]] || 5 || 1986 Aug 17 || A [[Piper PA-32]] crashed into the roof of a factory, killing five of the six occupants on board.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/26166/aair198602345.pdf |title=Aviation Safety Investigation Report 198602345 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |access-date=11 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Riot || [[Pentridge Prison]], Melbourne || 5 || 1987 Oct 29 || Five prisoners die in fire in Jika Jika Maximum Security Wing. Fire was started by inmates as a protest.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/National/Private-life-public-service/2005/04/15/1113509922451.html |location=Melbourne |work=The Age |title=Private life, public service |date=16 April 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Cravens Peak Station, [[Queensland]] || 5 || 1989 Apr 7 || [[Cessna 172]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/29288/aair198903764.pdf |title=Aviation Safety Investigation Report 198903764 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |access-date=17 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Roma, Queensland]] || 5 || 1989 Sep 28 || [[Beechcraft Baron]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/27448/aair198903812.pdf |title=Aviation Safety Investigation Report 198903812 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |access-date=17 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || Southern [[South Australia]] and northern [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]] || 5+ || 1990 Jan || Likelihood of additional unreported deaths.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/62ff717f35972de1ca256d3300057bef?OpenDocument |title=Regional, SA/Vic: Heatwave |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013164349/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/62ff717f35972de1ca256d3300057bef?OpenDocument |archive-date=13 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Wondai]], [[Queensland]] || 5 || 1990 Jul 26 || [[Beechcraft King Air]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/5226668/199003089.pdf |title=Accident Investigation Report B/901/1047 |publisher=Bureau of Air Safety Investigation |date=April 1991 |access-date=17 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Off [[RAAF Base East Sale|East Sale, Victoria]] || 5 || 1991 Oct 29 || [[1991 RAAF Boeing 707 crash]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19911029-0 |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 707-368C A20-103 East Sale, VIC, Australia |website=[[Aviation Safety Network]]|publisher=Flight Safety Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Moormbool West, Victoria || 5 || 1992 Jun 12 || [[Piper PA-32R]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24706/ASOR199201221.PDF |title=Aviation Safety Investigation Report 199201221 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |date=4 December 2007 |access-date=17 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706110746/http://www.ouyen.com.au/ouyen-news/1992/6/12/five-die-in-country-air-crash/ |newspaper=The Age |url=http://www.ouyen.com.au/ouyen-news/1992/6/12/five-die-in-country-air-crash/ |title=Five Die In Country Air Crash |date=12 June 1992 |first=Bruce |last=Tobin |archive-date=6 July 2011}} [https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/120466017/ Alt URL]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || [[Townsville]] region || 5 || 1994 Jan ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/agd/ema/emaschools.nsf/Page/RWP1588F5A33FA3833DCA256C5D0006E7AB?OpenDocument |access-date=6 October 2005 |title=Heatwaves |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050702144931/http://www.ema.gov.au/agd/ema/emaschools.nsf/Page/RWP1588F5A33FA3833DCA256C5D0006E7AB?OpenDocument |archive-date=2 July 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || Southern [[Queensland]] and Northern [[New South Wales]] || 5 || 1996 May || Heavy flooding in Southern Queensland and Northern New South Wales, with areas west of Brisbane and the Grafton area worst affected.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Coastal, Southern Qld and Northern NSW: Floods |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/50bf9122e987158fca256d3300057c1b?OpenDocument |website=EMA Disasters Database |publisher=Emergency Management Australia |access-date=10 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204060113/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/50bf9122e987158fca256d3300057c1b?OpenDocument |archive-date=4 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Katherine, Northern Territory]] || 5 || 1997 Aug 14 || [[Cessna 210]]M accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/publications/investigation_reports/1997/aair/aair199702601/ |title=Cessna Aircraft Company 210M, VH-PJQ, Investigation Number: 199702601 |publisher=[[Australian Transport Safety Bureau]] |access-date=1 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Linton, Victoria]] || 5 || 1998 || [[Linton bushfire]]. Wildfire engulfs five volunteer firefighters.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.cfa.vic.gov.au/documents/entrapment-linton.pdf |title=Reducing the Risk of Entrapment in Wildfires: A case study of the Linton fire |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050616112555/http://www.cfa.vic.gov.au/documents/entrapment-linton.pdf |archive-date=16 June 2005 |url-status=dead |date=2 December 1998 |publisher=[[Country Fire Authority]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Marlborough, Queensland]] || 5 || 2000 Jul 24 || Five people were killed when the [[2000 Marlborough helicopter crash|Capricorn Helicopter Rescue Service helicopter crashed]] in a paddock while attempting to land in thick fog&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Aiken |first=Kirsten |date=24 July 2000 |title=Queensland rescue helicopter crash kills 5 |url=https://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/stories/s155290.htm |work=[[The World Today (Australian radio program)|The World Today]] |location= |access-date=9 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Willowbank, Queensland]] || 5 || 2006 Jan 2 || Skydiving Cessna 206 plane crash.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,17711886-26619,00.html |title=Five dead in plane crash |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060104070933/http://www.news.com.au/story/0%2C10117%2C17711886-26619%2C00.html |archive-date=4 January 2006 |access-date=12 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[North Epping]], New South Wales || 5 || 2009 Jul 18 || [[Lin family murders (Australia)|Lin family murders]]
|-
| Air accident || [[Caboolture Airfield]], [[Caboolture]], Queensland || 5 || 2014 Mar 22 || Skydiving Cessna 206 plane crash.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/national/queensland/plane-crashes-at-caboolture-airfield/story-fnii5v6w-1226861972646 |title=Fears for five people as plane crashes at Caboolture Airfield |access-date=22 March 2014 |work=The Sunday Mail (Qld) |date=22 March 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Lockhart, New South Wales]] || 5 || 2014 Sep || Geoff Hunt fatally shot his wife and three children on the family property before committing suicide in a dam.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/body-and-gun-found-in-dam-at-the-farm-where-mother-kim-hunt-and-her-three-children-were-shot-dead-in-lockhart/story-fni0cx12-1227053066539 |title=Body and gun found in dam at the farm where mother Kim Hunt and her three children were shot dead in Lockhart |access-date=11 September 2014 |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=10 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || [[Caboolture]], Queensland || 5 || 2015 May 2 || Cars were swept off roads by floodwaters in Caboolture.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/technology/environment/queensland-storms-deaths-after-cars-washed-away-in-floods/story-e6frflp0-1227331105432 |title=Queensland storms: Deaths after cars washed away in floods |access-date=2 May 2015 |work=news.com.au |date=2 May 2015 |archive-date=3 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150503195047/http://www.news.com.au/technology/environment/queensland-storms-deaths-after-cars-washed-away-in-floods/story-e6frflp0-1227331105432 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Essendon, Victoria]] || 5 || 2017 Feb 21 || [[2017 Essendon Airport Beechcraft King Air crash]]
|-
| Air accident || [[Anna Bay]], New South Wales || 5 || 2019 Sep 6 || Civil-owned [[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|Bell UH-1]] Helicopter en route from Brisbane to Bankstown went missing off NSW coast.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Keoghan |first1=Sarah |title=Helicopter crash: Daughter tells of father's last text message as police suspend search for five feared dead |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/halfway-there-daughter-tells-of-father-s-last-text-message-as-police-suspend-search-20190910-p52pqp.html |website=Sydney Morning Herald |date=10 September 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Camp Hill, Queensland|Camp Hill]], Queensland || 5 || 2020 Feb 19 || [[Murder of Hannah Clarke]]. Former [[New Zealand Warriors]] player Rowan Baxter deliberately set fire to a vehicle in which his estranged wife and three children were occupants. Rowan and his three children died at the scene, whereas his wife was critically injured and died several hours later in hospital.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-19/rowan-baxter-three-children-dead-car-fire-camp-hill/11979628 |title=Ex-Warriors player Rowan Baxter and his three children dead after car fire on street in Camp Hill, Brisbane |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |date=19 February 2020 |access-date=19 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Lockhart River, Queensland|Lockhart River]], Queensland || 5 || 2020 Mar 11 || [[Cessna 404 Titan]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-03-11/lockhart-river-fatal-plane-crash-beach-qld-cape-york/12046400 |title=Five dead after light plane crashes on Queensland's Cape York |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |date=11 March 2020 |access-date=11 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Mount Disappointment (Australia)|Mount Disappointment]], Victoria || 5 || 2022 Mar 31 || A helicopter operating on a private charter flight with another helicopter impacted terrain at Mount Disappointment.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-03-31/helicopter-crash-mount-disappointment-north-of-melbourne/100954600|title=Five killed in helicopter crash at Mount Disappointment, north of Melbourne|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|date=31 March 2022|access-date=31 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood/cyclone || North and Central Coast, [[Queensland]] || 4–5 || 1990 Dec &amp; 1991 Jan || Extensive damage from flooding caused by Cyclone Joy&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/ab829b6d52f90ec1ca256d3300057bfa?OpenDocument |title=North and Central Coast, Qld: Floods |publisher=Ema.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Qld Hydrology Section, Bureau of Meteorology, Australia |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/qld/flood/fld_history/floodsum_1990.shtml |title=QUEENSLAND FLOOD SUMMARY 1990 – 1999 |publisher=Bom.gov.au |access-date=17 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211203115/http://www.bom.gov.au/qld/flood/fld_history/floodsum_1990.shtml |archive-date=11 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Heat wave || [[Melbourne]] || 4+ || 1990 Dec || Likelihood of additional unreported deaths&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/50fbfd3b5f29bc35ca256d3300057bf7?OpenDocument |title=Melbourne, Vic: Heatwave |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=25 July 2003 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205044740/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/50fbfd3b5f29bc35ca256d3300057bf7?OpenDocument |archive-date=5 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Insurrection || [[Norfolk Island]] || 4 || 1846 Jul 1 || [[Cooking pot uprising]]. One overseer and three constables murdered. 17 convicts were later executed, with many wounded in battle.&lt;ref&gt;Ring, Trudy. ''International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia &amp; Oceania''. Taylor &amp; Francis, 1994. p-642&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Drowning || [[Coogee, New South Wales|Coogee Beach]], Sydney, New South Wales || 4 || 1911 Jan 28 || Approximately 13 swimmers were dragged out to sea by the [[rip tide]] while regular surf lifesavers were at the lifesaving carnival at [[Manly Beach|Manly]]. [[Harald Baker]] (brother of [[Snowy Baker]]) and [[James Clarken]] saved many lives.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15233641 |title=Surf Tragedy |newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |issue=22,791 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1911 |access-date=7 September 2022 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Lady Julia Percy Island]], Victoria || 4 || 1944 Feb 15 || RAAF [[Avro Anson]] crashed on island near Western Victorian coast. Crew had become disorientated in darkness, mistaking island for the nearby mainland.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.standard.net.au/story/2884782/the-crags-memorial-brings-closure-for-families-of-air-crew-lost-in-1944-crash/ |title=The Crags memorial brings closure for families of air crew lost in 1944 crash |first=Mary |last=Alexander |date=16 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Sinking || [[Cairns]], [[Queensland]] || 4 || 1947 Sep 13 || {{HMAS|Warrnambool|J202|6}}. Sunk while clearing minefields after World War II.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/backyard/shipwrecks/qld/warrnambool.htm |title=Shipwrecks &quot; Warrnambool |publisher=Abc.net.au |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Landslide || [[Steavenson Falls]], Victoria || 4 || 1968 Jan 9 || Four teenage bushwalkers killed when section of cliff broke away and rolled downhill to group's location. Three others survived with injuries.&lt;ref name=&quot;latrobe.edu.au&quot;/&gt;
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| Air accident || [[Burrendong Dam]], New South Wales || 4 || 1969 Jul 31 || [[Cessna 182 Skylane|Cessna 182K]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24464/196901157.pdf |title=Accident to Cessna 182K Aircraft VH-DVN, at Burrendong Dam, New South Wales on 31st July, 1969 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Yendon]], Victoria || 4 || 1970 Oct 31 || [[Cessna 210|Cessna 210A]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24657/197002592.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/703/1054 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Civil Aviation |date=22 March 1971 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Mount Buller]], Victoria || 4 || 1971 May 29 || [[Cessna 172|Cessna 172F]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24667/197102543.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/713/1015 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Civil Aviation |date=21 July 1972 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Wellington, New South Wales|Wellington]], New South Wales || 4 || 1971 May 31 || [[Beechcraft Bonanza]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24824/197101232.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/712/1041 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Civil Aviation |date=8 May 1972 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Narromine]], New South Wales || 4 || 1971 Nov 14 || [[Piper PA-28 Cherokee]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24826/197101263.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/712/1074 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Civil Aviation |date=7 February 1973 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Moomba Adelaide Pipeline System]], near [[Leigh Creek, South Australia|Leigh Creek]], South Australia || 4 || 1972 Jan 25 || [[Beechcraft Bonanza]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24674/197203843.pdf |title=Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/724/1004 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Civil Aviation |date=30 August 1972 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Barkly Downs Homestead, Queensland || 4 || 1974 Jan 4 || [[Beechcraft Debonair]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/25000/197400001.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/741/1001 |publisher=Government of Australia: Department of Transport |date=16 April 1975 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Bankstown Airport]], [[Bankstown]], New South Wales || 4 || 1974 Mar 13 || Airborne collision between a [[de Havilland DH.104 Dove]] and a [[Piper PA-30 Twin Comanche]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24678/197401423.pdf |title=Accident Investigation Report 74-1 |publisher=Department of Transport Australia, Air Safety Investigation Branch |date=July 1974 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Mount Dom Dom]], Victoria || 4 || 1974 Jun 18 || [[Cessna 210|Cessna 210H]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24681/197403128.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report AS/743/1035 |publisher=Government of Australia: Department of Transport |date=4 March 1975 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Rankins Springs]], New South Wales || 4 || 1976 Jul 30 || [[Cessna 182|Cessna 182G]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24626/197601516.pdf |title=Aircraft Accident Investigation Summary Report SI/762/1041 |publisher=Government of Australia: Department of Transport |date=20 September 1977 |access-date=26 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || [[Lamington National Park]], Queensland || 4 || 1979 Apr 21 || [[Brisbane Girls Grammar School|Brisbane Girls Grammar]] school bus crash.&lt;ref name=&quot;latrobe.edu.au&quot;/&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Clermont, Queensland]] || 4 || 1983 Oct 24 || Four [[Rockhampton]]-based [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] staff members were killed when the Cessna (being piloted by the ABC's regional manager) crashed while attempting to land on a property near Clermont.&lt;ref&gt;Roberts, Alice; Mackay, Jacquie (24 October 2013) [https://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2013/10/24/3876025.htm The ABC remembers staff killed in plane crash], [[ABC Capricornia]]. Retrieved 10 September 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Boating accident || [[Lake Alexandrina (South Australia)|Lake Alexandrina]], South Australia || 4 || 1987 Aug 22 || Canoeists on [[Scouts Australia|Scout]] excursion lost when their canoes capsized in rough weather and in cold waters. Two scouts and two adult supervisors drowned.&lt;ref name=&quot;latrobe.edu.au&quot;/&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || Eastern Seaboard, [[New South Wales]] || 4 || 1994 Jan || Over 800 bushfires. 4 of the dead were firefighters&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/shane-fitzsimmons-the-personal-loss-that-drives-the-rfs-chief-20131022-2vz1d.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |title=Shane Fitzsimmons: the personal loss that drives the RFS chief}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Road/sport accident || [[Stuart Highway]], Northern Territory || 4 || 1994 May 24 || 2 checkpoint officials and 2 occupants killed when a competing car lost control at high-speed and ploughed into a checkpoint.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Cockington |first1=James |title=1994 Cannonball Run |journal=Australian Muscle Car Magazine |page=66 |date=August 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || Indian Ocean || 4 || 1998 May 5 || {{HMAS|Westralia|O 195|6}}. Unsuitable fuel hose in engine room bursts, spraying diesel which ignites, creating a fireball below deck.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/media-room/publications/westralia-board-inquiry |title=Westralia Board of Inquiry |publisher=[[Royal Australian Navy]]|access-date=5 October 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Mining accident || [[Parkes, New South Wales]] || 4 || 1999 Nov 25 || A gust of air made its way along the access tunnel causing a truck to roll over two, while falling rocks killed the other pair.
|-
| Air accident || [[Newman, Western Australia]] || 4 || 2001 Jan 26 || Fuel starvation on [[Western Australia Police]] aircraft.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/ff2b116359487164ca256d330005aea8?OpenDocument |title=Newman, WA: Police Aircraft Crash |access-date=3 December 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060323005157/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/ff2b116359487164ca256d330005aea8?OpenDocument |archive-date=23 March 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Landslide || [[Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park|Cradle Mountain National Park]] || 4 || 2001 Feb 18 || 4 people died when landslide causes a bus to fall into a ravine&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ga.gov.au/urban/factsheets/landslide_australia.jsp |title=Geoscience Australia – Natural Hazards Home |publisher=Ga.gov.au |date=29 September 2010 |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001001645/http://www.ga.gov.au/urban/factsheets/landslide_australia.jsp |archive-date=1 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Toowoomba]], [[Queensland]] || 4 || 2001 Nov 27 || Plane hit powerlines&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/46407c9e74fbf6caca257042001bb16b?OpenDocument |title=Toowoomba, QLD : Plane Crash |access-date=11 October 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017212143/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/46407c9e74fbf6caca257042001bb16b?OpenDocument |archive-date=17 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Rail accident || [[Salisbury railway station, Adelaide]] || 4 || 2002 Oct 24 || ''[[The Ghan]]'' passenger train hit a car and a bus at a busy level crossing at Salisbury, in Adelaide's north.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/de58544c4a393b37ca256d670004965d?OpenDocument |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014175138/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/0/de58544c4a393b37ca256d670004965d?OpenDocument |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 October 2007 |title=Salisbury, SA: Bus/Train Collision |publisher=Ema.gov.au |date=24 October 2002 |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Canberra]] || 4 || 2003 Jan 18 || [[2003 Canberra bushfires]]. Bushfire reaches capital city suburbs&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.theage.com.au/news/National/Firestorm-truth-buried-in-the-ashes/2005/02/05/1107476855116.html Firestorm truth buried in the ashes], ''[[The Age]]'', 6 February 2005&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Drowning || Mackenzie Falls, [[Grampians National Park|Grampians]], Victoria || 4 || 2004 Dec 25 || Four relatives lost on Christmas Day outing.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/four-drown-as-family-outing-turns-to-tragedy-20041226-gdz9f2.html |title=Four drown as family outing turns to tragedy |date=26 December 2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Sinking || Sydney Harbour || 4 || 2007 Mar 28 || HarbourCat ferry ''[[Pam Burridge]]'' collides with pleasure cruiser ''Merinda''.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Warning that failed to stop death in the dark&quot; – Vallejo, Justin and Gee, Steven ''Daily Telegraph'' 30 March 2007&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;A nightmare of blood, terror and shattered lives&quot; – Watson, Rhett, Chesterton, Andrew and Yamine, Evelyn ''Daily Telegraph'' 30 March 2007&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Flood || Sydney, [[Hunter Valley]] and [[Central Coast, New South Wales|Central Coast]], New South Wales || 4* || 2015 Apr 21–24 || Flood deaths occurred in [[Maitland, New South Wales|Maitland]] and [[Dungog]]. *An additional four deaths occurred in NSW as a result of vehicle accidents on wet roads.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/deadly-superstorm-death-toll-rises-to-at-least-eight/story-fni0cx12-1227316187535 |title=State of shock at the damage |date=22 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Bushfire || [[Esperance, Western Australia|Esperance]], Western Australia || 4 || 2015 Nov 17 || Three of the dead were foreign nationals.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-11-20/three-european-workers-killed-in-esperance-bushfires-named/6958904 |title=Esperance bushfires: European workers killed trying to flee blaze named by police |work=ABC News |date=20 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Air accident || [[Barwon Heads]], Victoria || 4 || 2016 Jan 29 || Light aircraft en route to King Island crashed into ocean near Victorian coast.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/four-killed-as-light-plane-crashes-into-ocean-off-bellarine-peninsula/news-story/c75d36ee62e10dadb22eb325af3379f7 |title=Fourth victim still on doomed flight: Cops |date=30 January 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Amusement park accident || [[Coomera]], Queensland || 4 || 2016 Oct 25 || [[Thunder River Rapids Ride]] accident at [[Dreamworld (Australian theme park)|Dreamworld]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-10-25/four-people-dead-ride-at-dreamworld-gold-coast/7963880 |title=Dreamworld: Four people killed on Thunder River Rapids ride at Gold Coast theme park |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |date=25 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || [[Oatlands, New South Wales|Oatlands]], New South Wales || 4 || 2020 Feb 1 || Four child pedestrians struck and killed by vehicle&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.news.com.au/national/nsw-act/news/oatlands-car-crash-childrens-last-walk-on-earth/news-story/a80961838a0282faa353b0452ad3bdc7 Oatlands car crash: Children's 'last walk on Earth' |News.com.au]&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Air accident || [[Mangalore, Victoria|Mangalore]], Victoria || 4 || 2020 Feb 19 || A midair collision between a [[Piper PA-44 Seminole]] and a [[Beechcraft D95]]A killed the two occupants of both aircraft.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-19/aircraft-incident-at-mangalore/11980244 |title=Four people dead after mid-air plane crash at Mangalore, north of Melbourne |work=ABC News (Australia) |date=19 February 2019 |access-date=19 February 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Road accident || [[Kew East]], Victoria || 4 || 2020 Apr 22 ||[[2020 Eastern Freeway truck crash]]. The loss of control of a refrigerated truck resulted in a [[multiple vehicle crash]] that killed four [[Victoria Police]] officers who were attending to a motorist for speeding on the [[Eastern Freeway, Melbourne|Eastern Freeway]]. The accident is the highest single loss of life in Victoria Police history.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-04-23/police-officers-killed-in-eastern-freeway-crash-in-melbourne/12176182 |title=Victoria Police names officers killed in Eastern Freeway truck crash in Melbourne |work=ABC News (Australia) |date=23 April 2020 |access-date=23 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Deception Bay (Queensland)|Deception Bay]], near [[Rothwell, Queensland|Rothwell]], Queensland || 4 || 2021 Dec 19 || [[Rockwell Commander 114]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-19/plane-crashes-into-ocean-near-brisbane/100712252 |title=Four die as light plane crashes into ocean off Redcliffe, near Brisbane |work=ABC News (Australia) |date=19 December 2021 |access-date=19 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Air accident || [[Gold Coast Seaway]], near [[Main Beach]], Queensland || 4 || 2023 Jan 2 || [[2023 Gold Coast helicopter crash]]. Midair collision involving two [[Sea World (Australia)|Sea World]] helicopters.
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| Air accident || Near [[Lindeman Island]], [[Whitsunday Islands]], Queensland || 4 || 2023 Jul 28 || [[Australian Army]] [[NHIndustries NH90|MRH90]] helicopter crash during [[Exercise Talisman Sabre]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/news-events/news/2023-08-01/exercise-talisman-sabre-incident |title=Exercise Talisman Sabre incident |work=[[Department of Defence (Australia)]] |date=1 August 2023 |access-date=12 August 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
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| Air accident || [[Gundaroo, New South Wales|Gundaroo]], New South Wales || 4 || 2023 Oct 6 || [[Cirrus SR22]] accident.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-10-08/family-of-gundaroo-plane-crash-victims-release-statement/102948652|title=Family of pilot and three children killed in light plane crash near Gundaroo ask for privacy as they 'grieve and process tragedy'|work=ABC News (Australia)|date=8 October 2023|access-date=12 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Drowning || [[Phillip Island]], Victoria || 4 || 2024 Jan 24 || Three people drowned at an unpatrolled beach. A fourth person was taken to hospital in a critical condition where they died the following day.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-01-25/victoria-phillip-island-drowning-beach-deaths/103386906|title=Four drowning deaths at Victoria's Phillip Island spur plea from beach safety authorities|work=ABC News (Australia)|date=25 January 2024|access-date=25 January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || Stringybark Creek, near [[Tolmie, Victoria]] || 3 || 1878 Oct 26 || Three policemen murdered by outlaw [[Ned Kelly]] and his gang.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2005/10/17/1129401196940.html?gclid=CjgKEAjw-6WcBRCsgNjFy-2OuGYSJADf4R2sB1PqkT1B2zUI6o-tpnD1ou20yoVZSiM5-W3wImIY3fD_BwE |location=Melbourne |work=The Age |first=Larry |last=Schwartz |title=Myth clouds truth of Stringybark Creek survivor |date=18 October 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Civil unrest || Melbourne CBD, Victoria || 3 || 1923 Nov 2–4 || [[1923 Victorian Police strike|Victorian Police Strike]]. This event prompted widespread looting and rioting in central Melbourne.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.onlymelbourne.com.au/1923-victorian-police-strike-riots |title=1923 – Victorian Police Strike &amp; Riots}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire/explosion || [[Port Adelaide]], [[South Australia]] || 3 || 1924 Apr 26 || Three firemen died after the SS ''City of Singapore'', fully loaded with flammable cargo, caught fire and exploded. 10 other people were injured.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=State Library of South Australia |url=http://www.samemory.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=622&amp;c=3757}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Tambo, Queensland]] || 3 || 1927 Mar 24 || Qantas de Havilland DH-9C crash&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://planecrashinfo.com/1927/1927-3.htm |title=Accident Details |website=Plane Crash Info}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Motorsport accident || [[Penrith, New South Wales|Penrith]], New South Wales || 3 || 1938 Jun 13 || During 10-mile car race at Penrith Speedway, the lead car lost control and swerved into spectators.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://westernweekender.com.au/2015/08/history-tragic-day-that-rocked-penrith-to-its-core/ |title=History: Tragic day that rocked Penrith to its core |author=Staff Writers |date=5 August 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Serial killing || Melbourne || 3 || 1942 May || Three Australian women were murdered in Melbourne between 3 and 18 May 1942 by US soldier [[Eddie Leonski]] who was convicted and executed in November that year.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |chapter-url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/leonski-edward-joseph-10814 |title=Biography – Edward Joseph Leonski – Australian Dictionary of Biography |chapter=Leonski, Edward Joseph (1917–1942) |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |access-date=29 January 2024 |archive-date=19 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519114524/http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/leonski-edward-joseph-10814 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Maroochydore]], Queensland || 3 || 1950 Dec 30 || A routine shark patrol during the Christmas holidays, [[Maroochy air crash|crashed into a crowded beach]] killing 3 children and injuring 14 others.
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Sandy Hollow]], New South Wales || 3 || 1952 Jan 26 || An [[Auster]] aircraft crashes four miles from Sandy Hollow, killing three.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article248779478 |title=Pilot, couple killed in air crash |newspaper=[[Daily Telegraph (Sydney)|The Daily Telegraph]] |volume=XVI |issue=265 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=28 January 1952 |access-date=20 February 2019 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| Cyclone || [[Townsville]], [[Queensland]] || 3 || 1971 Dec || [[Cyclone Althea (1971)|Cyclone Althea]]. Cyclone and storm surge.&lt;ref name=&quot;ema.gov.au&quot;/&gt;
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| Explosion || Near [[Taroom]], Queensland || 3 || 1972 Aug 30 || Three people were killed when a [[1972 Taroom explosion|burning truck carrying ammonium nitrate exploded]] on the [[Fitzroy Developmental Road]] at Stonecroft Station, north of Taroom.&lt;ref name=chemical&gt;{{cite news |author=|title=Three die in chemical blast |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/102002031 |work=The Canberra Times |location= |date=1 September 1972 |access-date=9 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Terrorism || [[Sydney]] || 3 || 1978 Feb 13 || [[Sydney Hilton bombing]]. Bomb explosion outside Sydney Hilton Hotel during the [[Commonwealth Heads of Government Regional Meeting|CHOGRM]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://members.tripod.com/hilton_bombing/index.html |title=Hilton Bombing |publisher=Members.tripod.com |date=13 February 1978 |access-date=5 October 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Cyclone || south of [[Innisfail, Queensland]] || 3 || 1986 Feb || Category 3 Cyclone Winifred in region from Cairns to Ingham.&lt;ref name=&quot;ema.gov.au&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.disaster.qld.gov.au/disasters/cyc_history.asp |title=Cyclone History : Queensland's Disaster Management Services |publisher=Disaster.qld.gov.au |date=17 December 2005 |access-date=5 October 2010 |archive-date=8 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101108013943/http://www.disaster.qld.gov.au/disasters/cyc_history.asp |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Construction Accident || [[Brisbane]], Queensland || 3 || 1988 Aug 4 || Concrete slab fell from crane at Commonwealth Bank building construction site, crushing pedestrians.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.archivessearch.qld.gov.au/api/download_file/DR47199 |title=Department of Industrial Affairs, Cabinet Minute 54870 |publisher=archivessearch.qld.gov.au |date=8 August 1988 |access-date=3 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Drowning || [[Mount Field National Park]], Tasmania || 3 || 1990 Jul 3 || School outdoor excursion. Two students and one teacher drowned whilst crossing creek.&lt;ref name=&quot;latrobe.edu.au&quot;/&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Ferny Creek]], Victoria || 3 || 1997 Jan 21 || 3 dead in bushfire lit by arsonist.
|-
| Drowning || Sandbar Beach, [[Pacific Palms]], New South Wales || 3 || 1998 Dec 15 || Young Christian group on beach trip, three drowned when caught in rip current.&lt;ref name=&quot;latrobe.edu.au&quot;/&gt;
|-
| Flood || [[Katherine, Northern Territory]] || 3 || 1998 Jan || Flooding cause by ex-tropical cyclone Les.&lt;ref name=&quot;ema.gov.au&quot;/&gt;
|-
| Severe storm || [[Hunter Valley]], [[New South Wales]], [[Sydney]] and central western regions || 3 || 2001 Nov ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/0b8ce7d802e0d3a9ca256d330005af1d?OpenDocument |title=Hunter (incl Port Stephens) Sydney and Central Western Regions, NSW: Severe Storms (incl Tornadoes &amp; Hail) |publisher=Ema.gov.au |access-date=5 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014174245/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/6a1bf6b4b60f6f05ca256d1200179a5b/0b8ce7d802e0d3a9ca256d330005af1d?OpenDocument |archive-date=14 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Near [[Hamilton Island (Queensland)|Hamilton Island]], Queensland || 3 || 2003 Oct 17 || CQ Rescue [[Bell 407]] Helicopter on a medical retrieval flight crashed into sea en route to Hamilton Island.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Coroners Report |url=http://www.courts.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/86594/cif-liddington-c-stewart-e-carpenter-a-20051028.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Explosion || Near [[Gladstone, South Australia|Gladstone]], South Australia || 3 || 2006 May 9 || Three people killed and two injured when a massive explosion occurred at a munitions factory in the [[Mid North]] of South Australia. The blast radius was 100 metres and the explosion was heard up to 70&amp;nbsp;km away.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Australian and New Zealand Forensic Science Society (SA Branch) |url=http://anzfss.org/sa/files/2014/03/Gladstone-April-2014.pdf |access-date=18 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170419002707/http://anzfss.org/sa/files/2014/03/Gladstone-April-2014.pdf |archive-date=19 April 2017 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident/fire || Melbourne || 3 || 2007 Mar 23 || [[Burnley Tunnel]] Fire. Traffic accident resulting in explosion and fire.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,21442542-2,00.html |title=Family mourns the loss of Olympian |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070328074426/http://www.news.com.au/story/0%2C23599%2C21442542-2%2C00.html |archive-date=28 March 2007 |access-date=12 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Boorabbin National Park]], Western Australia || 3 || 2007 Dec 27 || Three men were killed and one man injured when a bushfire in the Boorabbin National Park rapidly changed direction while their trucks were attempting to pass the blaze.
|-
| Air accident || [[Lake Eyre]], South Australia || 3 || 2011 Aug 19 || Three men, including journalist [[Paul Lockyer]], were killed when an [[ABC (Australia)|ABC]] helicopter crashed whilst filming a documentary on un-usual flooding occurring at Lake Eyre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/national/tributes-flood-in-for-three-of-abcs-finest-20110819-1j2in.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |title=Tributes flood in for three of ABC's finest}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Wall Collapse || Melbourne, Victoria || 3 || 2013 Mar 28 || Three pedestrians killed when a brick wall collapsed in Swanston St in the CBD of Melbourne.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-04-29/grocon-charged-over-fatal-wall-collapse-in-melbourne/5417036 |title=Grocon facing criminal charges over fatal wall collapse in Melbourne |work=ABC News |date=28 April 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Terrorism || Sydney || 3 || 2014 Dec 16 || [[2014 Sydney hostage crisis]]: The hostage-taker and two hostages were killed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Sydney siege: Two hostages and gunman dead after heavily armed police storm Lindt cafe in Martin Place |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-16/sydney-siege-gunman-two-hostages-dead/5969162 |access-date=16 December 2014 |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=16 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Workplace accident || [[Oolong, New South Wales|Oolong]], New South Wales || 3 || 2017 Feb 16 || Three people died of carbon monoxide poisoning while cleaning the interior of a water tank on a rural property.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/three-family-members-killed-in-gunning-water-tank-tragedy-20170217-guf232.html |title=Three members of Basnett family killed in Gunning water tank tragedy |first=Jessica Cole, Steven Trask and Georgina |last=Connery |date=17 February 2017 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || [[Footscray, Victoria|Footscray]], Victoria || 3 || 2017 Mar 1 || Three homeless people died in a fire in a dis-used factory.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/footscray-factory-fire-one-of-three-squatters-killed-remembered-as-gentle-man-20170302-gup1t0.html |title=Footscray factory fire: One of three squatters killed remembered as 'gentle man' |first=Tammy Mills, Emily |last=Woods |date=2 March 2017 |website=The Age}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Renmark, South Australia|Renmark]], South Australia || 3 || 2017 May 30 || Three killed in light aircraft crash.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2017/05/30/light-aircraft-with-three-on-board-crashes-near-sa-airport_a_22116722/ |title=Three Adelaide Men Killed In Light Plane Crash Near SA Airport |first=Luke |last=Cooper |date=30 May 2017 |newspaper=[[HuffPost]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Mission Beach, Queensland|Mission Beach]], Queensland || 3 || 2017 Oct 13 || Three skydivers killed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.cairnspost.com.au/news/mission-beach-community-mourning-death-of-popular-trio/news-story/46a84a1d46c4c8206bddc6cca84d65ac |title=Husband's tribute to skydive victim |date=15 October 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || [[Townsville]], Queensland || 3* || 2019 Feb 4–8 || [[2019 Townsville flood]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/feb/05/bodies-of-two-men-found-in-flood-waters-in-townsville |title=Bodies of two men found in flood waters in Townsville |newspaper=The Guardian |date=5 February 2019 |last1=McGowan |first1=Michael}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/national/queensland/man-charged-over-queensland-boat-accident-that-left-mate-missing-20190524-p51qvx.html |title=Man charged over Queensland boat accident that left mate missing |website=Brisbane Times |author=Garcia, Jocelyn |date=24 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; *At least one additional death occurred after the floods due to flood-borne disease.
|-
|Storm
|[[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]] 
|3
|2020 Aug 27
|Winds reaching 158&amp;nbsp;km/h cause severe damage across Victoria, killing 3 people including a 4-year-old boy. Over 120,000 houses lost power&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-08-27 |title=Four-year-old killed in wild Melbourne storm remembered as 'jolly boy' |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-08-28/victoria-weather-boy-killed-by-tree-during-melbourne-storm/12604804 |access-date=2020-08-28 |website=www.abc.net.au |language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt; and 101 suburbs were placed under a [[Boil-water advisory|boil water advisory]] that was lifted 4 days later.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-08-29 |title=Melbourne residents given all clear after days of water contamination fears |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-08-30/dozens-melbourne-suburbs-waiting-clear-water-contamination/12609516 |access-date=2020-09-12 |website=www.abc.net.au |language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Riot || [[Young, New South Wales|Young]], New South Wales || 2* || 1861 Jun 30 || [[Lambing Flat riots]]. Over 3,000 European gold diggers attacked Chinese settlement on gold-fields. *Official death toll was two Chinese killed, but eyewitness accounts claimed that actual death toll possibly as high as 40.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://today.wmit.net.au/?today_entry=1875&amp;today_session=887e78aa892ca1d9a931ea61b81d1737 |title=This Day in History – Today in History with a distinctly Australian Flavour |access-date=29 January 2024 |archive-date=19 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519114031/http://today.wmit.net.au/?today_entry=1875&amp;today_session=887e78aa892ca1d9a931ea61b81d1737 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[North Melbourne]] || 2 || 1943 Sep 4 || An RAAF [[Vultee Vengeance]] crashed near [[Macaulay railway station]] after giving aerial demonstration over [[Flemington Racecourse]]. Both crew on board were killed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11783504 |title=06 Sep 1943 – DIVEBOMBER'S CRASH SETS MILL ON FIRE 2 Airmen Ki...}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Bluff Downs]], Queensland || 2 || 1984 Apr 9 || Two RAAF [[Mirage III|Mirage]] fighter jets collided in mid-air.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.adf-serials.com.au/3a3.htm |title=ADF Serials – Mirage III |access-date=29 January 2024 |archive-date=19 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119120800/http://www.adf-serials.com.au/3a3.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Landslide || [[Coledale, New South Wales|Coledale]], New South Wales || 2 || 1988 Apr 30 || 20-metre railway embankment collapsed after being undermined by blocked drains following heavy rainfall, destroying a house located below, killing both occupants.&lt;ref&gt;Emergency Management Australia. ''Hazards, Disasters and Survival''. EMA Publishing, ACT 1997. p-33.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Industrial explosion ||[[Longford]], Victoria || 2 || 1998 Sep 25 || a large explosion at an Esso operated oil and natural gas processing plant was responsible for an almost complete shutdown of Victoria's natural gas supply for weeks thereafter. At 12:25&amp;nbsp;pm 25 September 1998 the weld on GP905 cracked and the exchanger failed catastrophically instantly killing two people.&lt;ref&gt;[[Longford, Victoria]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident ||[[Longwood, Victoria|Longwood exit]], [[Hume Highway]], Victoria || 2 || 2001 Dec 10 || A trio of students from [[St Paul's College, Walla Walla|Walla Walla]], [[New South Wales]], stole a car and planned to drive to [[Melbourne]]. The group were sighted by police near [[Benalla]] and were pursued. The vehicle reached speeds of 200&amp;nbsp;km/h before crashing into an embankment; Tristram Rich and Joshua French were killed, while [[Glenunga International High School#Notable staff members|Jason Spalding]] survived.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/crash-survivor-tells-of-200-km-h-police-chase-20030805-gdw603.html |title=Crash survivor tells of 200 km/h police chase |website=The Age |date=5 August 2003}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Grampians National Park|Grampians]], Victoria || 2 || 2006 Jan 22 || A father and son died in a bushfire in Victoria's west
|-
| Rail accident || [[Trawalla]], Victoria || 2 || 2006 Apr 28 || 2 people killed in level-crossing train accident at Trawalla, near Beaufort, Victoria&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2006/04/28/1146198348972.html?page=fullpage |location=Melbourne |work=The Age |title=Two killed in Ararat fast-train crash |date=29 April 2006 |first1=Stephen |last1=Moynihan |first2=Andrea |last2=Petrie}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Electrocution || [[Rainbow, Victoria|Rainbow]], Victoria || 2 || 2010 Mar 16 || Father and son killed on their farm whilst moving a windmill which touched overhead power lines. Two other people badly injured.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/windmill-accident-kills-farmer-father-and-son-20100316-qcl9.html |location=Melbourne |work=The Age |title=Windmill accident kills farmer father and son}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Bushfire || [[Blue Mountains (New South Wales)|Blue Mountains]], [[New South Wales|NSW]] || 2 || 2013 Oct 17 || A 43-year-old father water-bomber pilot and a 63-year-old man
|-
| Avalanche || [[Mount Bogong]], Victoria || 2 || 2014 Jul 10 || Two snowboarders buried in avalanche.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jul/14/snowboarders-missing-victoria-mount-bogong-avalanche |title=Police find body of snowboarder missing on Victoria's Mount Bogong |website=[[The Guardian]] |date=14 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Workplace accident || [[Wetherill Park]], New South Wales || 2 || 2015 Apr 23 || Two workers crushed by falling timber inside a shipping container at a truck body manufacturing centre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-04-23/men-killed-falling-truck-parts-wetherill-park-sydney/6415498 |title=Two men crushed to death in Wetherill Park shipping container |work=ABC News |date=23 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Bushfire || [[Yarloop]], Western Australia || 2 || 2016 Jan 8 ||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-01-10/fires-conditions-ease-in-wa-south-west/7078850 |title=WA fires: Conditions ease in blaze which claimed two lives, razed Yarloop |work=ABC News |date=9 January 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Wilton, New South Wales|Wilton]], New South Wales || 2 || 2017 Jul 15 || Two skydivers killed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/two-dead-in-parachuting-accident-at-wilton-20170715-gxbwpe.html |title=Two dead in parachuting accident at Wilton |first=Han |last=Nguyen |date=15 July 2017 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Air Accident || [[Leigh Creek, South Australia|Leigh Creek]], South Australia || 2 || 2019 Jul 6 || Light aircraft crash.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Keane |first1=Daniel |title=Pilot and passenger from Queensland killed in light plane crash in South Australia |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-07-07/light-aircraft-crashes-near-leigh-creek-in-sa-far-north/11286108 |newspaper=ABC News |date=7 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Riot || Brisbane, Queensland || 1 || 1942 Nov 26–27 || [[Battle of Brisbane]]. Street brawling and rioting between Australian and US military personnel. One Australian soldier was killed, over 20 Australian and US soldiers badly injured.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-11-26/wartime-battle-of-brisbane-remembered/1157812 |title=Wartime 'Battle of Brisbane' remembered |work=ABC News |date=26 November 2009 |last1=Morgan |first1=Myles}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Gas Explosion || [[Cairns]], Queensland || 1 || 1987 Aug 17 || 40,000-litre LPG storage unit at Cairns gas works exploded, resulting in a [[BLEVE]] (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion). Australia's largest ever LPG explosion.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Mounter |first1=Brendan |title=Remembering the day a massive explosion shook Cairns |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-17/30-years-since-cairns-gas-tank-explosion-australiae28099s-bi/8814650 |website=ABC News |date=17 August 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Building implosion || Canberra, ACT. || 1 || 1997 Jul 13 || [[Royal Canberra Hospital implosion]]. Spectator killed by falling debris.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/15-years-since-hospital-implosion-tragedy-20120713-22034.html |title=15 years since hospital implosion tragedy |work=Canberra Times |date=13 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Hailstorm || Sydney || 1 || 1999 Apr 14 || [[1999 Sydney hailstorm]]; most costly single natural disaster in Australia's history, with [[Australian dollar|A$]]1.7&amp;nbsp;billion in insured damages and approximately A$2.3&amp;nbsp;billion total (1999 values).
|-
| Asphyxiation || Sydney, New South Wales || 1 || 2001 Jan 26 || [[Big Day Out]] Concert. [[Jessica Michalik|Teenage girl]] crushed in mosh pit.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/durst-still-angry-at-big-day-out-over-teens-death-20120228-1u07t.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |title=Durst still angry at Big Day Out over teen's death}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Cyclone || [[Queensland]] || 1 || 2006 Mar 20 || [[Cyclone Larry|Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry]]
|-
| Mine disaster || [[Beaconsfield, Tasmania|Beaconsfield]], Tasmania || 1 || 2006 Apr 25 || [[Beaconsfield Mine collapse]]
|-
|Flood || [[Mackay, Queensland]] || 1 || 2008 Feb 16 || Multiple storm cells resulted in flash flooding in the city of Mackay on 15 February 2008. The flooding caused millions of dollars of damage, with one person dying due to drowning.{{Citation needed|date=November 2009}}
|-
|Cyclone || [[Queensland]] || 1 || 2011 Feb 3 || [[Cyclone Yasi|Severe Tropical Cyclone Yasi]]
|}

&lt;gallery&gt;
Image:2003CanberraBushfires.jpg|The [[Canberra bushfires]] of 2003 claimed 4 lives.
File:Cardross memorial 2b.jpg|[[Roadside memorial]]s at [[Cardross, Victoria]], where 6 teenagers died in a [[Hit and run (vehicular)|hit-and-run]] accident on 18 February 2006.
Image:SouthernCloudcrash2.png|The crash of the [[Southern Cloud]] in 1931 claimed 8 lives.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Significant incidents of Australians being killed overseas==
Excludes deaths attributable to war.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Disaster!!Location!!Deaths!!Date!!Notes
|-
| [[Terrorism]] || [[Kuta]], [[Bali]], [[Indonesia]] || 88 || 2002 Oct 12 || [[2002 Bali bombings]]
|-
| Pandemic || Worldwide || 54 || 2020-21 || [[COVID-19 pandemic]] (overseas Australian deaths as of August 2021)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.dfat.gov.au/sites/default/files/dfat-foi-lex3756.pdf |title=DFAT FOI extract lex3759}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Missile strike || [[Hrabove, Donetsk Oblast]], [[Ukraine]] || 38 || 2014 Jul 17 || [[Malaysia Airlines Flight 17]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2014-07-18 |title=MH17: The Australian victims |language=en-AU |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-07-19/malaysia-airlines-mh17-australian-victims/5607188 |access-date=2022-11-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2022-11-13 |title=For the families of the 38 Australians killed in the MH17 downing, the long wait for justice is nearly over |language=en-AU |work=ABC News |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-11-14/australians-families-travel-for-mh17-verdict/101648842 |access-date=2022-11-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Tsunami || [[Thailand]] and [[Sri Lanka]] || 26 || 2004 Dec 26 || [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake]]
|-
| Air accident || [[Denpasar]], [[Indonesia]] || 16 || 1974 Apr 22 || [[Pan Am Flight 812]] crashes into a mountain, a total of 107 people were killed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=twKfXowAigIC&amp;pg=PA101 |title=Disaster in the Air |author=Edgar A. Haine |publisher=Associated University Presses |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-8453-4777-5 |access-date=18 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Flood || [[Saxeten]], Switzerland || 14 || 1999 Jul 28 || Flash flood hits canyoning expedition
|-
| Volcanic eruption || [[Whakaari/White Island]], New Zealand || 14 || 2019 Dec 9 || [[2019 Whakaari/White Island eruption]]
|-
| Terrorism || {{Nowrap|New York City and [[Arlington County]], United States}} || 11 || 2001 Sep 11 || [[September 11 attacks|11 September 2001 attacks]].
|-
| Air accident || [[Nias]] Island, [[Indonesia]] || 9 || 2005 Apr 2 || [[2005 Nias Island Sea King crash]] crashes while providing relief services to victims of the [[2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake]]
|-
| Air accident || near [[Isurava, Papua New Guinea]] || 9 || 2009 Aug 12 || [[Airlines PNG Flight 4684]]
|-
| Road accident || near [[Cairo]], Egypt || 6 || 2006 Jan 10 || Tourist bus crash&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/driver-fatigue-blamed-for-fatal-egypt-bus-crash/story-e6frg6nf-1225881444035 |work=The Australian |title=Driver fatigue blamed for fatal Egypt bus crash |date=18 June 2010 |agency=AAP |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111129205326/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/driver-fatigue-blamed-for-fatal-egypt-bus-crash/story-e6frg6nf-1225881444035 |archive-date=29 November 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Republic of the Congo]] || 6 || 2010 Jun 20 || [[2010 Cameroon Aéro Service CASA C-212 Aviocar crash]]
|-
| Air accident || [[Pakse]], [[Laos]] || 6 || 2013 Oct 16 || [[Lao Airlines Flight 301]]
|-
| Air accident || Southern Indian Ocean (presumed) || 6 || 2014 Mar 8 || [[Malaysia Airlines Flight 370]]
|-
| Road accident || [[Yamuna Expressway|Yamuna Highway]], Northern India || 6 || 2016 Jan 10 || Five members of an Indian-Australian family killed in car accident while travelling between [[Delhi, India|Delhi]] and [[Agra, India|Agra]], sixth member later died in hospital.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.australiaplus.com/international/2016-01-14/mourners-gather-at-restaurant-to-remember-adelaides-datta-family-members-killed-in-india/1535934 |title=Mourners gather at restaurant to remember Adelaide's Datta family members killed in India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126224332/http://www.australiaplus.com/international/2016-01-14/mourners-gather-at-restaurant-to-remember-adelaides-datta-family-members-killed-in-india/1535934 |archive-date=26 January 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/sixth-member-of-rupendra-dattas-family-dies-after-horror-crash-on-yamuna-highway-in-india/news-story/5ea3d313754425822ba613f7f1d517f9 |title=Sixth person dies after horror crash |date=14 January 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Massacre || [[Balibo]], [[East Timor]] || 5 || 1975 Oct 16 || [[Balibo Five]]. Five Australian journalists murdered by Indonesian troops. The Indonesian government claimed that the men were unintentionally killed in a cross-fire but a 2007 inquest ruled that the journalists were deliberately murdered.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/nov/16/indonesia.australia |title=Indonesian troops 'deliberately killed' Australian reporters in East Timor, cornoner rules |author=Mark Tran |newspaper=The Guardian |date=16 November 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || [[Yogyakarta]], [[Indonesia]] || 5 || 2007 Mar 7 || [[Garuda Indonesia Flight 200]]
|-
| Tsunami || [[Samoa]] || 5 || 2009 Sep 30 || [[2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami]]
|-
| Sinking || North Atlantic Ocean || 4 || 1912 Apr 15 || [[Sinking of RMS Titanic]]. Two other Australians survived.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/history-culture/2012/04/titanic-disaster-the-australian-story |title=Sinking of the Titanic: the Australian story – Australian Geographic |work=Australian Geographic |date=10 April 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Missile strike || [[Sea of Japan]] || 4 || 1983 Sep 1 || [[Korean Air Lines Flight 007]]
|-
| Air accident || near San Francisco || 4+ || 1953 Oct 29 || [[British Commonwealth Pacific Airlines]] [[BCPA Flight 304|Flight 304]] crashes on approach to San Francisco.
|-
| Massacre || [[Waco]], [[Texas]] || 4 || {{Nowrap|1993 Feb 28 – 19 Apr}} || [[Waco Siege]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/world/the-waco-massacre-a-fiery-end-to-a-whacko-cult/story-fndir2ev-1226623449407 |work=news.com.au |title=The Waco massacre, a fiery end to a whacko cult |date=18 April 2013 |first=Candace |last=Sutton |access-date=1 June 2014 |archive-date=12 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712190959/http://www.news.com.au/world/the-waco-massacre-a-fiery-end-to-a-whacko-cult/story-fndir2ev-1226623449407 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; At least two other Australians were among the small number of survivors. A child belonging to one of the Australian victims was also lost but was listed as a US citizen.
|-
| Bridge collapse || [[Ramat Gan]], Israel || 4 || 1997 Jul 14 || [[Maccabiah bridge collapse]]
|-
| Terrorism || [[Jimbaran]] and [[Kuta]], [[Bali]], [[Indonesia]] || 4 || 2005 Oct 1 || [[2005 Bali bombings]]
|-
| Air accident || [[Tanjung Kupang]], Johor, [[Malaysia]] || 3 || 1977 Dec 4 || [[Malaysian Airline System Flight 653]]
|-
| | Fire || [[Manoharpur]], [[Odisha]], India || 3 || 1999 Jan 22 || Australian missionary [[Graham Staines]] and sons killed in arson attack
|-
| Terrorism || [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]] || 3 || 2009 Jul 17 || [[2009 Jakarta bombings|JW Marriott/Ritz-Carlton hotel bombing]]
|-
| Air accident || [[Misima Island]], Papua New Guinea || 3 || 2010 Aug 31 || [[Cessna Citation]] crashed on landing. One New Zealander also killed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.foreignminister.gov.au/releases/2010/fa-s100902.html |title=Plane crash in Papua New Guinea |publisher=Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade |date=2 September 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Earthquake
|[[Turkey]] and [[Syria]]
|3
|2003 Feb 6
|[[2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Turkey earthquake Australian woman third victim of earthquake, amid tributes to dad |url=https://www.9news.com.au/national/turkey-earthquake-second-australian-man-dies-after-melbourne-family-post-on-facebook/bbfac0f0-a071-4c35-92f7-b076984ca2de |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=amp.9news.com.au}}&lt;/ref&gt;[https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-02-11/vic-melbourne-man-missing-in-turkiye-earthquake/101961110]
|-
| Air accident || [[Weybridge]], United Kingdom || 2 || 1922 Apr 13 || [[Vickers Viking]], piloted by Captain [[Ross Macpherson Smith]], crashed on test flight
|-
| Air accident || [[Bay of Bengal]] || 2 || 1935 Nov 8 || ''[[Lady Southern Cross]]'', piloted by Sir [[Charles Kingsford Smith]], crashes en route between [[Allahabad]], India and Singapore
|-
| Air accident || London, United Kingdom || 2 || 1967 Nov 4 || Iberia Airlines Flight 062 crashed while landing at Heathrow Airport
|-
| Air accident || [[Los Rodeos]], [[Tenerife]], Canary Islands, Spain || 2 || 1977 Mar 27 || [[KLM]] and [[Pan Am]] jumbos collide on runway ([[Tenerife airport disaster]])
|-
| Air accident || off [[Mauritius]] || 2 || 1987 Nov 28 || [[South African Airways Flight 295]]
|-
| Air accident || Near Hawaii, United States || 2 || 1989 Feb 24 || [[United Airlines Flight 811]] between [[Honolulu]] and [[Auckland]] experiences [[explosive decompression]]
|-
| Terrorism || [[Roermond]], Netherlands || 2 || 1990 May 27 || [[Killings of Nick Spanos and Stephen Melrose|Australian tourists shot]] by the [[Provisional Irish Republican Army|Provisional IRA]], in the mistaken belief they are British military personnel
|-
| Terrorism || [[Mumbai]], India || 2 || 2008 Nov 26 || [[November 2008 Mumbai attacks]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/tributes-flow-for-australians-killed-in-mumbai-terror-attack-20081128-6msu.html |title=Tributes flow for Australians killed in Mumbai terror attack |date=28 November 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || near [[Qazvin]], [[Iran]] || 2 || 2009 Jul 15 || [[Caspian Airlines Flight 7908]]
|-
| Typhoon || The Philippines || 2 || 2013 Nov 8 || [[Typhoon Haiyan]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/national/typhoon-claims-second-australian-victim-20131116-2xncp.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |title=Typhoon claims second Australian victim |date=16 November 2013 |first=Caroline |last=Zielinski}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || [[Narok]], Kenya || 2 || 2014 Sep 7 || Tourist bus crash.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/world/two-australians-killed-in-kenya-after-truck-crashes-into-river-20140908-10dq1q.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |title=Two Australians killed in Kenya after truck crashes into river}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Air accident || Southern Alps, France || 2 || 2015 Mar 24 || [[Germanwings Flight 9525]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://thenewdaily.com.au/news/2015/03/25/airbus-a320-crashes-french-alps |title=Australians killed in plane crash |work=The New Daily |date=24 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Murder || [[Sinaloa, Mexico|Sinaloa]], Mexico || 2 || 2015 Nov 20–21 || Two Australian surfers murdered.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-12-19/mexico-gives-surfers27-bodies-to-australian-consulate/7043438 |title=Mexico gives surfers' bodies to Australian consulate |newspaper=ABC News |date=19 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Terrorism || London, Great Britain || 2 || 2017 Jun 3 || [[2017 London Bridge attack]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/they-found-her--brisbane-woman-sara-zelenak-confirmed-as-killed-in-london-terror-attack-20170607-gwmdlw.html |title=Brisbane woman Sara Zelenak confirmed as killed in London terror attack |first=Amy Remeikis, Georgina |last=Mitchell |date=7 June 2017 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Fire || [[North Kensington]], London, United Kingdom || 2 || 2017 Jun 14 || [[Grenfell Tower fire]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-04-26/two-australians-among-grenfell-tower-blaze-victims/9698564 |title=Two Australians among Grenfell Tower blaze victims, DFAT confirms |newspaper=ABC News |date=26 April 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Road accident || Near [[Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe|Victoria Falls]], Zimbabwe || 2 || 2017 Dec 23 || Two Australian tourists killed in car crash.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://thenewdaily.com.au/news/world/2017/12/24/australian-mom-and-daughter-killed-zimbabwe-car-crash/ |title=Australian woman and daughter die in Zimbabwe car crash |date=24 December 2017 |publisher=The New Daily}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|[[Crowd crush]]
|[[Itaewon]], [[Seoul]], [[South Korea]]
|2
|2022 Oct 29
|[[Seoul Halloween crowd crush]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Na-young&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Na-young |first1=K. |last2=Han-joo |first2=K. |date=30 October 2022 |title=Australian survivor of Itaewon stampede looks for body of friend |work=Yonhap News Agency |url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20221030005200315 |access-date=30 October 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bagshaw |first=Eryk |date=2022-11-15 |title='Free-spirited soul': second Australian involved in Seoul crush dies |url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/free-spirited-soul-second-australian-involved-in-seoul-crush-dies-20221114-p5by8x.html |access-date=2022-11-18 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Sinking || [[Zeebrugge]], Belgium || 1 || 1987 Mar 6 || [[Herald of Free Enterprise disaster]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1301&amp;dat=19870313&amp;id=vCtWAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=5106,8352918 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |via=Google News Archive Search |title=Australian Victim Identified |date=13 March 1987 |page=8}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Terrorism || [[Lockerbie, Scotland|Lockerbie]], Scotland || 1 || 1988 Dec 21 || [[Pan Am Flight 103]]. Although a resident of South Africa, the victim was an Australian national.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Emerson |first1=Steven |last2=Duffy |first2=Brian |title=The Fall of Pan Am 103: Inside the Lockerbie Investigation |publisher=Putnam |date=1990 |isbn=9780399135217 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/fallofpanam103in00emer}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Terrorism || [[Nairobi]], Kenya || 1 || 2013 Sep 21-24 || [[Westgate shopping mall attack]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-09-24/tasmanian-community-remembers-young-architect-killed-in-nairobi/4976864 |title=Tasmanian community remembers architect killed in Nairobi mall attack |work=ABC News |date=23 September 2013 |last1=Hunt |first1=Linda}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Avalanche || [[Mount Everest]], Himalayas || 1 || 2013 Oct 16 || Australian tourist killed in avalanche.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/oct/16/everest-avalanche-australian-dies-tibet-china |title=Everest avalanche kills Australian tourist and three Tibetans |newspaper=The Guardian |date=16 October 2013 |agency=Associated Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Terrorism || [[Tunis]], Tunisia || 1 || 2015 Mar 18 || [[Bardo National Museum attack]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-03-19/friends-pay-tribute-to-javier-camelo-killed-in-tunisia-attack/6333134 |title=Tunisia attack: Friends of killed Australian man Javier Camelo pay tribute on Facebook |work=ABC News |date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Earthquake || Nepal || 1 || 2015 Apr 25 || [[April 2015 Nepal earthquake]]. Australian killed below Mt Everest in avalanche triggered by quake.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/nsw/fears-for-australians-missing-after-nepal-earthquake/story-fni0cx12-1227321076320 |title=Australian killed in earthquake |date=26 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Shooting || [[Minneapolis]], United States || 1 || 2017 Jul 15 || [[Murder of Justine Damond|Australian murdered by US police officer]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-07-24/justine-damond-family-suing-minneapolis-police-officer-shooting/10028340 |title=Justine Damond's family suing Minneapolis, police officers for $67m over her fatal shooting |newspaper=ABC News |date=24 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Terrorism || [[Barcelona]], Spain || 1 || 2017 Aug 17 || [[2017 Barcelona attacks]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-21/julian-cadman-confirmed-among-dead-in-barcelona-attack/8825298 |title='Adored' Sydney boy Julian Cadman confirmed dead in Barcelona attack |newspaper=ABC News |date=21 August 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Avalanche || [[Tyrol]], Austria || 1 || 2019 Jan 10 || Teenage boy killed in avalanche in Austrian Alps while skiing.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/11/teenage-australian-boy-killed-austrian-avalanche-skiing |title=Teenage Australian boy killed in Austrian avalanche while skiing with family |newspaper=The Guardian |date=10 January 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Explosion || [[Beirut]], Lebanon || 1 || 2020 Aug 4 || [[2020 Beirut explosion]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/aug/09/two-year-old-australian-boy-among-more-than-150-killed-in-beirut-explosion |title=Two-year-old Australian boy among more than 150 killed in Beirut explosion |website=[[TheGuardian.com]] |date=8 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Air accident
|Near [[Pokhara International Airport]], Pokhara, Nepal
|1
|2023 Jan 15
|[[Yeti Airlines Flight 691]]
|}

==Lihi pahi==
* [[Lists of shipwrecks]]
* [[Timeline of major crimes in Australia]]
* [[List of mass shootings in Australia]]
* [[List of massacres of Indigenous Australians]]
*[[List of natural disasters in Australia]]
* [[List of disasters in Antarctica by death toll]]
* [[List of disasters in Canada by death toll]]
* [[List of disasters in Croatia by death toll]]
* [[List of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland by death toll]]
* [[List of disasters in New Zealand by death toll]]
* [[List of disasters in Poland by death toll]]
* [[List of disasters in Sweden by death toll]]
* [[List of disasters in the United States by death toll]]

==Kundivihira==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051218122028/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emaDisasters.nsf Emergency Management Australia Disasters Database]
*[http://rodis.com.au/wiki/14_0980.php Major bushfires in Victoria] (PDF)
*[http://deadliestfire.info The William Booth Memorial Home Fire (Australia's Deadliest Building Fire)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203043629/https://www.deadliestfire.info/ |date=3 December 2023 }}
{{Disasters}}

[[Category:Australia history-related lists|Disasters by death toll]]
[[Category:Disasters in Australia| ]]
[[Category:Lists of disasters by death toll by country|Australia]]
[[Category:Death in Australia-related lists|Disasters]]
[[Category:Lists of disasters in Australia|A]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>List of universities in Algeria</title>
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      <text bytes="16852" sha1="f8teidgdbu59inay8mcpswobjin8qxf" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|None}}

Din bɔŋɔ nyɛla '''[[universities]]''' shɛŋa din be '''[[Algeria]]''',di nyɛla din yiɣisi 114 universities mini collagɛ nima ka be  [[Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (Algeria)|Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Algeria]] sulinsi ni. Din doli na ŋɔ nyɛ universities din be Algerias:

==List of universities==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 95%; text-align:center&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;border-bottom:solid 2px #EE313C&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| Province
! style=&quot;border-bottom:solid 2px #EE313C&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| University Name
! style=&quot;border-bottom:solid 2px #EE313C&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| Established
! style=&quot;border-bottom:solid 2px #EE313C&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| Type
! style=&quot;border-bottom:solid 2px #EE313C&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| Website
|- style=&quot;border-bottom:solid 2px #EE313C&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;
|-
| [[Adrar Province|Adrar]]
| [[University of Adrar|University of Ahmed Draia]]
| 1986
| Public
| [https://www.univ-adrar.dz/en/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325190333/https://www.univ-adrar.dz/en/ |date=2019-03-25 }}
|-
| [[Ain Defla Province|Ain Defla]]
| [[Djilali Bounaama University of Khemis Miliana]]
| 1991
| Public
| [http://www.univ-km.dz/] {{in lang|ar}}
|-
|[[Ain Temouchent Province|Ain Temouchent]]
|[[Belhadj Bouchaib University Centre of Ain Témouchent]]
|
|Public 
|[http://www.cuniv-aintemouchent.dz/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113143308/http://www.cuniv-aintemouchent.dz/ |date=2014-01-13 }}
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
| [[Benyoucef Benkhedda University of Algiers]]
| 1832
| Public 
| [http://www.univ-alger.dz] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
| [[University of Algiers Abou El Kacem Saadallah]]
| 2009
| Public
| [http://www.univ-alger2.dz/] {{in lang|ar}}
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
| [[University of Algiers Brahim Soltane Chaibout]]
| 2009
| Public
| [http://www.univ-alger3.dz/] {{in lang|ar}}
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|[[University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB)]]
|1974
|Public
|[http://www.usthb.dz/en] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411095652/https://www.usthb.dz/en/ |date=2023-04-11 }}
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|[[National Higher School of Artificial Intelligence (ENSIA)]]
|2021
|Public
|https://www.ensia.edu.dz/
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|National Higher School of Mathematics (NHSM)
|2021
|Public
|[http://nhsm.edu.dz/en/ nhsm.edu.dz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527064833/http://nhsm.edu.dz/en/ |date=2024-05-27 }}
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|[[National Polytechnic School (ENS)]]
|1925
|Public
|https://www.enp.edu.dz/en/
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|[[National Veterinary School (ENV)]]
|1970
|Public
|https://www.ensv.dz/
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|[[National Higher School of Agronomy (ENSA)
|1905
|Public
|https://www.ensa.dz/en/
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|[[National School of Computer Science (INI)]]
|1969
|Public
|https://www.esi.dz/
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|[[Higher School of Kouba]]
|
|Public
|https://www.ens-kouba.dz/english/
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|[[National Higher School of Bouzaréah (ENSB)]]
|1984
|Public
|https://ensb.dz/?lang=en
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|[[National School of Marine and Coastal Sciences (ENSSMAL)]]
|2008
|Public
|https://www.enssmal.edu.dz/en/home/
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|[[National School of Journalism and Information Sciences]]
|2015
|Public
|https://ensjsi.dz/en {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123194622/https://ensjsi.dz/en |date=2025-01-23 }}
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|National School of Public Works
|1966
|Public
|http://www.entp.edu.dz/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009161341/http://entp.edu.dz/ |date=2017-10-09 }} (in French)
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|National School of Political Science
|2009
|Public
|https://enssp.dz/en
|-
| [[Algiers Province|Algiers]]
|National School of Technology
|2016
|Public
|https://enst.dz/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519072837/https://enst.dz/ |date=2024-05-19 }}
|-
| [[Annaba Province|Annaba]]
| [[University of Badji Mokhtar Annaba (UBMA)]]
| 1975
| Public 
| [http://www.univ-annaba.dz] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Annaba Province|Annaba]]
|[[Higher School of Industrial Technologies]]
|2017
|Public
|
|-
| [[Annaba Province|Annaba]]
|National School of Mines and Metallurgy
|2009
|Public
|https://ensmm-annaba.dz/en/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519173823/http://ensmm-annaba.dz/en/ |date=2024-05-19 }}
|-
| [[Batna Province|Batna]]
| [[Université Colonel Hadj Lakhdar]]
| 1977
| Public 
| [http://www.univ-batna.dz/] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Batna Province|Batna]]
| [[Mostefa Ben Boulaid University]]
| 2015
| Public 
| [http://en.univ-batna2.dz/]
|-
| [[Batna Province|Batna]]
|National School of Renewable Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development
|
|Public
|http://www.hns-re2sd.dz/en-fr/ (in French)
|-
| [[Batna Province|Batna]]
|[[University Center of Barika]]
|2011
|Public
|[http://centre-barika.univ-batna.dz/index.php] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923163857/http://centre-barika.univ-batna.dz/index.php |date=2020-09-23 }} {{in lang|ar}}
|-
|[[Bechar Province|Bechar]]
|[[University of Tahri Mohammed Bechar]]
|1986
|Public 
|[http://www.univ-bechar.dz/portail/site/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190907011254/http://www.univ-bechar.dz/portail/site/ |date=2019-09-07 }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Bechar Province|Bechar]]
|[[Higher Normal School of Bechar]]
|2015
|Public
|https://www.ens-bechar.dz/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524060651/https://www.ens-bechar.dz/ |date=2024-05-24 }}
|-
|[[Bejaia Province|Bejaia]]
|[[University Abderrahmane Mira of Bejaia]]
|1983
|Public 
|[http://www.univ-bejaia.dz/en/]
|-
|[[Bejaia Province|Bejaia]]
|Higher School of Computer Science and Technology
|2016
|Public
|https://estin.dz/
|-
|[[Biskra Province|Biskra]]
|[[University of Mohamed Khider Biskra]]
|1984
|Public
|[http://www.univ-biskra.dz/index.php/en/]
|-
|[[Blida Province|Blida]]
|[[Saad Dahlab University of Blida]]
|1977
|Public
|[http://www.univ-blida.dz] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Blida Province|Blida]]
|[[Ali Lounici University of Blida]]
|2011
|Public
|[http://univ-blida2.dz] {{in lang|ar}}
|-
|[[Blida Province|Blida]]
|[[National Superior School of Hydraulics (ENSH)]]
|1985
|Public
|https://www.ensh.dz/en/home/
|-
|[[Bordj Bou Arréridj Province|Bordj Bou Arreridj]]
|[[University of Bordj Bou Arreridj]]
|2000
|Public 
|[http://www.univ-bba.dz] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Bouira Province|Bouira]]
|[[Akli Mohand OulhadjUniversity of Bouira]]
|2001
|Public
|[http://www.univ-bouira.dz/fr/] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Boumerdes Province|Boumerdes]]
|[[M'hamed Bougara University of Boumerdes]]
|1964
|Public 
|[https://www.univ-boumerdes.dz] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Chlef Province|Chlef]]
|[[Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef]]
|1983
|Public
|[https://www.univ-chlef.dz/uc/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020011030/http://www.univ-chlef.dz/uhbc/ |date=2017-10-20 }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Constantine Province|Constantine]]
| [[Mentouri Université Constantine 1]]
| 1958
| Public
| [http://www.umc.edu.dz/index.php/en]
|-
| [[Constantine Province|Constantine]]
| [[Abdelhamid Mehri Université Constantine 2]]
| 2011
| Public
| [http://www.univ-constantine2.dz] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Constantine Province|Constantine]]
| [[Salah Boubnider Université Constantine 3]]
| 2011
| Public 
| [http://www.univ-constantine3.dz/] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Constantine Province|Constantine]]
| [[Emir Abdelkader University of Islamic Science]]
| 1984
| Public
| [http://www.univ-emir.dz/univ-emir(e.v)/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304064334/http://www.univ-emir.dz/univ-emir(e.v)/ |date=2020-03-04 }}
|-
| [[Constantine Province|Constantine]]
|[[National Polytechnic School of Constantine (ENPC)]]
|2011
|Public
|https://enp-constantine.dz/en/
|-
| [[Constantine Province|Constantine]]
|National School of Biotechnology (ENSB)
|
|Public
|https://www.ensbiotech.edu.dz/fr/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527145415/https://ensbiotech.edu.dz/fr/ |date=2024-05-27 }}
|-
|[[Djelfa Province|Djelfa]]
|[[Ziane Achour University of Djelfa]]
|1990
|Public
|[http://www.univ-djelfa.dz/en/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327003209/http://www.univ-djelfa.dz/en/ |date=2023-03-27 }}
|-
|[[El Bayadh Province|El Bayadh]]
|[[University Center of Nour Bachir El Bayadh]]
|2010
|Public
|[http://www.cu-elbayadh.dz/en/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526070402/https://www.cu-elbayadh.dz/en/ |date=2024-05-26 }}
|-
|[[El Oued Province|El Oued]]
|[[University of El Hamma Lakhdar Oued]]
|1995
|Public 
|[https://www.univ-eloued.dz/en/]
|-
|[[El Taref Province|El Taref]]
|[[University of Chadli Bendjedid El Taref]]
|1992
|Public
|[http://univ-eltarf.dz] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Ghardaia Province|Ghardaia]]
|University of Ghardaia
|2004
|Public
|[https://www.univ-ghardaia.dz/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029234800/https://www.univ-ghardaia.dz/ |date=2023-10-29 }} {{in lang|ar}}
|-
|[[Guelma Province|Guelma]]
|[[University of Guelma]]
|1986
|Public 
|[http://www.univ-guelma.dz] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Illizi Province|Illizi]]
|[[University Center of Illizi]]
|2012
|Public 
|[http://www.cuillizi.dz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518091132/http://www.cuillizi.dz/ |date=2024-05-18 }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Jijel Province|Jijel]]
|[[University of Jijel]]
|1986
|Public
|[http://www.univ-jijel.dz/index.php?lang=en]
|-
| [[Khenchela Province|Khenchela]]
| [[University of Khenchela]]
|2001
|Public 
|[http://www.univ-khenchela.dz/] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Laghouat Province|Laghouat]]
| [[University of Laghouat]]
| 1986
| Public 
| [http://www.lagh-univ.dz/accueilf/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106094418/http://www.lagh-univ.dz/accueilf/ |date=2019-11-06 }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Laghouat Province|Laghouat]]
| University Center of Aflou
| 2012
| Public 
| [https://www.cu-aflou.dz/index_fr.php] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Laghouat Province|Laghouat]]
| [[Higher Normal School of Laghouat]]
| 2012
| Public 
| [https://www.ens-lagh.dz/] {{in lang|Ar}}
|-
|[[Mascara Province|Mascara]]
|[[University of Mascara]]
|1986
|Public 
|[http://www.univ-mascara.dz/index.php/en/]
|-
|[[Medea Province|Medea]]
|[[University of Medea]]
|1989
|Public 
|[http://www.univ-medea.dz/en] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240718214224/https://www.univ-medea.dz/en/ |date=2024-07-18 }}
|-
|[[Mila Province|Mila]]
|[[Abdelhafid Boussouf University of Mila]]
|2008
|Public
|[http://www.centre-univ-mila.dz/fr/index.php] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222023513/http://www.centre-univ-mila.dz/fr/index.php |date=2020-02-22 }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Mostaganem Province|Mostaganem]]
|[[University of Mostaganem]]
|1969
|Public 
|[https://www.univ-mosta.dz/en/]
|-
|[[M'Sila Province|M'Sila]]
|[[University of M'Sila]]
|1985
|Public 
|[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_M%27Sila]
|-
|[[Naama Province|Naama]]
|[[University Center of Naama]]
|2010
|Public 
|[http://www.cuniv-naama.dz/index.php/fr/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229072310/http://cuniv-naama.dz/ |date=2017-12-29 }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Oran Province|Oran]]
| [[University of Oran]]
| 1961
| Public 
| [https://www.univ-oran1.dz/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=category&amp;layout=blog&amp;id=87&amp;Itemid=2015&amp;lang=en]
|-
| [[Oran Province|Oran]]
| [[University of Oran 2 Mohamed Ben Ahmed
| 2014
| Public 
| [http://www.univ-oran2.dz/index.php/fr/] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Oran Province|Oran]]
|[[University of Science and Technology Oran Mohamed Boudiaf]]
| 1971
| Public 
| [https://www.univ-usto.dz/] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Oran Province|Oran]]
|National Polytechnic School of Oran
|2012
|Public
|http://www.enp-oran.dz/en{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
|-
|[[Ouargla Province|Ouargla]]
|[[University of Ouargla]]
|1987
|Public
|[https://www.univ-ouargla.dz/index.php/fr/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305063400/https://www.univ-ouargla.dz/index.php/fr/ |date=2014-03-05 }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Ouargla Province|Ouargla]]
|Higher Normal School of Ouargla
|2015
|Public
|https://ens-ouargla.dz/{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
|-
|[[Oum El Bouaghi Province|Oum El Bouaghi]]
|[[Larbi Ben M'hidi University of Oum El Bouaghi]]
|1983
|Public 
|[http://www.univ-oeb.dz/] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Relizane Province|Relizane]]
|University Center of Relizane
|2008
|Public 
|[http://www.cu-relizane.dz/index.php/fr/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123224136/http://cu-relizane.dz/index.php/fr/ |date=2021-01-23 }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Saida Province|Saida]]
|[[University of Saida]]
|1986
|Public 
|[https://www.univ-saida.dz/en/]
|-
| [[Setif Province|Setif]]
| [[Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University]]
| 1978
| Public 
| [https://eng.univ-setif.dz]
|-
| [[Setif Province|Setif]]
| [[Mohamed Lamine Debaghine Setif 2 University]]
| 2011
| Public 
| [http://www.univ-setif2.dz/index.php?lang=en]
|-
|[[Sidi Bel Abbes Province|Sidi Bel Abbes]]
|[[Djillali Liabes University]]
|1978
|Public 
|[https://www.univ-sba.dz/index.php] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Sidi Bel Abbes Province|Sidi Bel Abbes]]
|[[Higher School of Computer Science of Sidi Bel Abbes]]
|2014
|Public
|https://www.esi-sba.dz/fr/
|-
|[[Skikda Province|Skikda]]
|[[University of Skikda]]
|1988
|Public 
|[http://www.univ-skikda.dz/index.php/fr/] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Souk Ahras Province|Souk Ahras]]
|[[University of Souk Ahras Mohamed Cherif Messaadia]]
|1998
|Public
|[http://www.univ-soukahras.dz/en/]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
|-
| [[Tamanrasset Province|Tamanrasset]]
| University of Tamanrasset
| 2005
| Public 
| [https://www.univ-tam.dz/en/]
|-
|[[Tebessa Province|Tebessa]]
|[[Echahid Cheikh Larbi Tebessi University]]
| 1985
| Public
| [http://www.univ-tebessa.dz] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Tiaret Province|Tiaret]]
|[[University of Tiaret]]
|1980
|Public 
|[http://www.univ-tiaret.dz/site/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510211655/http://www.univ-tiaret.dz/site/ |date=2019-05-10 }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Tindouf Province|Tindouf]]
|University Center of Tindouf
|
|Public 
|[http://www.cuniv-tindouf.dz/]
|-
|[[Tipaza Province|Tipaza]]
|[[Abdallah Morsli University Center]]
|2011
|Public
|[http://www.cu-tipaza.dz/index.php/fr/]{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Tipaza Province|Tipaza]]
|[[Higher School of Management and Digital Economy]]
|
|Public
|http://www.esgen.edu.dz/
|-
|[[Tissemsilt Province|Tissemsilt]]
|Ahmed Ben Yahia Al Wancharissi University Center
|2005
|Public 
|[http://www.cuniv-tissemsilt.dz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912132529/http://www.cuniv-tissemsilt.dz/ |date=2017-09-12 }} {{in lang|fr}}
|-
|[[Tizi Ouzou Province|Tizi Ouzou]]
|[[Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi Ouzou]]
|1977
|Public 
|[http://www.ummto.dz] {{in lang|fr}}
|-
| [[Tlemcen Province|Tlemcen]]
|[[University of Tlemcen]]
| 1974
| Public
| [https://www.univ-tlemcen.dz/en]
|-
| [[Tlemcen Province|Tlemcen]]
| University Center of Maghnia
| 2006
| Public 
| [https://maghnia.univ-tlemcen.dz/en] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526070347/https://maghnia.univ-tlemcen.dz/en |date=2024-05-26 }}
|-
| [[Tlemcen Province|Tlemcen]]
|[[National School of Applied Sciences of Tlemcen (ENSAT)]]
|2009
|Public
|https://www.essa-tlemcen.dz/en/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527215536/https://www.essa-tlemcen.dz/en/ |date=2024-05-27 }}
|}

== Lihimi m-pahi ==
* [[Education in Algeria]]
* [[Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (Algeria)|Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Algeria]]
* [[List of universities in Africa]]

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.university-directory.eu/Algeria/Algeria-Universities.html Algeria universities directory]
* [https://www.educ4dz.net/2023/07/States-ranking-BAC.html Institutes Directory of Algeria] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203132712/https://www.educ4dz.net/2023/07/States-ranking-BAC.html |date=2023-12-03 }}

{{Universities of Algeria}}
{{Africa topic|List of universities in}}

[[Category:Universities in Algeria|*]]
[[Category:Algeria education-related lists|Universities]]
[[Category:Lists of universities and colleges in Africa|Algeria]]
[[Category:Lists of universities and colleges by country|Algeria]]</text>
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    <title>Medical Schools Din Be Africa</title>
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{{Databox}}
Din doli na ŋɔ nyɛla '''medical schools din be [[Africa]] yuya'''. Di nyɛla public mini private universities, collagɛ nima mini medical institutes, bɔhimbu yaɣa.

==Algeria==
*[[University of Algiers]] (Université de Algiers – Benyoucef Benkhedda)
*[[University of Annaba]] (Université Badji Mokhtar de Annaba)
*[[University of Batna 2]] (Université Mostefa Ben Boulaïd)
*[[University of Blida]] (Université Saad Dahlab)
*[[Université Constantine 1|Université of Constantine]] (Université Fréres Mentouri)
*[[University of Mostaganem]] (Université Abdelhamid Ibn Badis)
*[[University of Oran]] (Université Es Sénia)
*[[University of Ouargla]] (Université Kasdi Merbah Ouargla)
*[[Université de Sétif]] (Université Ferhat Abbas de Setif)
*[[University of Tizi Ouzou]] (Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi Ouzou)

==Angola==
*[[Agostinho Neto University]], Faculty of Medicine (Universidade Agostinho Neto, Faculdade de Medicina)
*[[Jean Piaget University of Angola]], Faculdade de ciências da saúde, curso de medicina (Universidade Jean Piaget de Angola)

==Benin==
* Université des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou
* Université fr Médecine de Parakou
* Richmond International University Benin, Houdegbe North American universite
* Crown Point International School of Health Sciences And Technology( crownpointschools.com.ng

==Botswana==
*[[University of Botswana]], School of Medicine&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ub.bw/medicine About University of Botswana School of Medicine]&lt;/ref&gt;

==Burkina Faso==
*Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.univ-bobo.bf/index.php?page=inssa Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214173410/http://univ-bobo.bf/index.php?page=inssa |date=2009-02-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.univ-ouaga.bf/spip.php?article6 |title=Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé |access-date=2024-05-29 |archive-date=2013-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131128034041/http://www.univ-ouaga.bf/spip.php?article6 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Université Saint Thomas d'Aquin&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://usta.bf/?page_id=71 | title=La Faculté des sciences de la santé }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Burundi==
*Université Espoir d'Afrique
*Université de Ngozi
*[[Université du Burundi]]

==Cameroon==
*Faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences Yaounde
*Faculty of medicine and pharmaceutical sciences Douala
*Faculty of Health sciences Buea
*Université des Montagnes Bangante
*Institut Superieur de Technologie Medicales Nkololoum, Yaounde
*Faculty of Health Sciences Bamenda
*School of Health Sciences|HIBMAT University Institute of Buea-HUIB
*[[Catholic University of Cameroon]] (CATUC) Kumbo

==[[Republic of the Congo|Congo-Brazzaville]]==
*Faculte des sciences de la santé (Brazzaville)

==[[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo-Kinshasa]]==
* Université de Kinshasa Faculté de Médecine
* Université de Lubumbashi Faculté de Médecine
* Université de Kisangani Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie
* Universite de Goma Faculte de Medecine
* Universite Officielle de Bukavu Faculte de Medecine et Pharmacie
* Universite Protestante du Congo Faculte de Medecine
* [http://www.unishabunia.org/academique/fm/ Université Shalom Bunia Faculté de Médecine]{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* Université Catholique du Graben Faculté de Médecine
* Universite Evangelique en Afrique Faculte de Medecine
* Université Notre Dame du Kasai Faculte de Medecine
* Universite de Kindu Faculte de Medecine
* Universite de Bandundu Faculte de Medecine
* Université Kongo Faculté de Médecine
* Université Simon Kimbangu Faculté de médecine
* Université libre des Pays des grands lacs (ULPGL) Faculté de médecine.

==[[Côte d'Ivoire]]==
*[[Université de Cocody]]

==[[Egypt]]==
* [[Ain Shams University]] [[Ain Shams University Faculty of Medicine|El-Demerdash Faculty of Medicine]]                   
* [[Al-Azhar University]] 
** Faculty of Medicine for Boys
** Faculty of Medicine for Girls
** [[Assiut]] Faculty of Medicine for Boys
** [[Assiut]] Faculty of Medicine for Boys
** [[Damietta]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Alexandria University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Alexandria National University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Arab Academy for Science, Technology &amp; Maritime Transport]] College of Medicine
* [[Egyptian Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] College of Medicine
* [[Assiut University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Aswan University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Badr University in Cairo]] School of Medicine
* [[Benha University]] College of Human Medicine
* [[Beni Suef University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Cairo University]] [[Qasr El Eyni Hospital|Kasr Alainy School of Medicine]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.medicine.cu.edu.eg/beta/index.php/en/|title=Home|website=www.medicine.cu.edu.eg|access-date=2016-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160926113106/http://www.medicine.cu.edu.eg/beta/index.php/en|archive-date=2016-09-26|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/arab-region-universities/medicine|title=Top Medicine Universities in the Arab Region {{!}} US News Best Arab Region Universities|website=www.usnews.com|access-date=2016-09-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Damietta University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Delta University for Science and Technology]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Fayoum University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Galala University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Helwan University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Horus University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Kafrelsheikh University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[King Salman International University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Luxor University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Mansoura University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Mansoura National University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Menoufia University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Merit University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Minia University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Misr University for Science and Technology]] College of Medicine
* [[Modern University for Technology and Information]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Nahda University|Nahda University in Beni Suef]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[New Giza University|Newgiza University]] School of Medicine
* [[New Mansoura University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[New Valley University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[October 6 University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Port Said University]] Faculty of Medicine&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://med.psu.edu.eg/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-05-29 |archive-date=2024-05-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529134734/http://med.psu.edu.eg/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Sohag University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[South Valley University]] [[Qena]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Suez University]] Faculty of Medicine
* [[Suez Canal University]] Faculty of Medicine&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-02-19 |title=suez canal university |url=http://scuegypt.edu.eg/en/ |access-date=2022-02-17 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130219070439/http://scuegypt.edu.eg/en/ |archive-date=19 February 2013 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://fom.scuegypt.edu.eg/ |title=Suez Canal University Faculty of Medicine |access-date=2024-05-29 |archive-date=2020-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200117223527/http://fom.scuegypt.edu.eg/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Tanta University]] Faculty of Medicine&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://med.tanta.edu.eg/en/Default2.aspx |title=Tanta University, School of Medicine |access-date=2016-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160628115901/http://med.tanta.edu.eg/en/Default2.aspx |archive-date=2016-06-28 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Zagazig University]] Faculty of Medicine

==[[Eritrea]]==
*[[Orotta School of Medicine]], Asmara, Eritrea

==[[Ethiopia]]==
*[[Adama University]], Asella School of Medicine
*Adama Hospital Medical College( AHMC), Adama, Ethiopia
*[[Addis Ababa University]]
*[[Africa medical college]]
*[[Bahirdar University]] College of Medicine and Health Science
*[[Bethel Medical College]]
*[[Debrebirhan University]] College of Health Science and Medicine
*[[Gondar College of Medical Sciences]]
*[[Haramaya University]]
*[[Hawassa University]]
*[[Hayat Medical College]]
*[[Jimma University]]
*[[Madda Walabu University]] Goba Referral Hospital
*[[Mekelle University]]
*[[MyungSung Medical College]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.mmc-edu.net MyungSung Medical College]&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College]]
*[[Wolaita Sodo University]]
*Arbaminch university college of medicine and health science

==[[Gabon]]==
*Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé (FMSS)&lt;ref&gt;[http://membres.lycos.fr/fmss/ Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé (FMSS)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505012008/http://membres.lycos.fr/fmss/ |date=Arbaminch2009-05-05 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==[[Ghana]]==
*[[Accra College of Medicine]], Accra&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.acm.edu.gh/about-us.html |title=Accra College of Medicine |website=www.acm.edu.gh |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106094942/http://www.acm.edu.gh/about-us.html |archive-date=2016-01-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]] School of Medical Sciences, Kumasi
*School of Medicine and Health Sciences, [[University for Development Studies]], Tamale
*[[University of Cape Coast]] School of Medical Sciences, [[Cape Coast]]
*[[University of Ghana Medical School]], [[Accra]]
*[[University of Health and Allied Sciences]] School of Medicine, [[Ho, Ghana|Ho]]
*Family Health Medical School, Teshie

==[[Kenya]]==
Public mini private medical shikuruti pinaayi nyɛla bɛ ni daa saɣi n-ti shɛli Kenya, lahabali din yina Kenya Medical Practitioners mini Dentists Council:&lt;ref name = KenyaMedicalBoard&gt;{{cite web|url = https://medicalboard.co.ke/functions/approved-training-institutions/#:~:text=Approved%20Medical%20and%20Dental%20Schools%20in%20Kenya%20,Kenya%20Methodist%20University%20%209%20more%20rows%20 |title = Approved Institutions for MBChB and BDS Training |access-date = 27 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[University of Nairobi|University of Nairobi Medical School]]
*[[Moi University|Moi University Medical School]]
*[[Kenyatta University|Kenyatta University Medical School]] 
*[[Egerton University|Egerton University Medical School]]
*[[Kenya Methodist University|Kenya Methodist University Medical School]]
*[[Aga Khan University|Aga Khan University Medical School]] 
*[[Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology|JKUAT Medical School]] 
*[[Mount Kenya University |Mount Kenya University Medical School]]
*[[Uzima University |Uzima University School of Medicine]]
*[[Maseno University|Maseno University School of Medicine]] 
*[[Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology|Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology School of Medicine]]
*[[Kisii University|Kisii University School of Medicine]]

==[[Liberia]]==
* University of Liberia A. M. Dogliotti School of Medicine

==[[Libya]]==
* Libyan International Medical University&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.limu.edu.ly/ |title=Libyan International Medical University |access-date=2012-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140523063545/http://limu.edu.ly/ |archive-date=2014-05-23 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Omar Al-Mukhtar University]]
* [[University of Benghazi]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Home » University Of Benghazi|url=https://uob.edu.ly/|access-date=2022-02-17|website=University of Benghazi|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[University of Tripoli]]

==[[Malawi]]==
* University of Malawi College of Medicine&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20020408134618/http://www.medcol.mw/  University of Malawi College of Medicine]&lt;/ref&gt;

==[[Mauritius]]==
* Anna Medical College and Research Centre
* Padmashree Dr D Y Patil Medical College&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dypmauritius.com/ About Padmashree Dr D Y Patil Medical College]&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Medical College]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=SSR Medical College...Mauritius|url=http://www.ssrmedicalcollege.com/main.php?do=home&amp;action=home|access-date=2022-02-17|website=www.ssrmedicalcollege.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* University of Mauritius&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.uom.ac.mu/fos/index.php/medecine |title=Medicine |access-date=2017-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813204149/http://www.uom.ac.mu/fos/index.php/medecine |archive-date=2017-08-13 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==[[Mauritania]]==
*Faculte de medecine de Nouckchott&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://search.wdoms.org/home/SchoolDetail/F0003741|title=School Detail}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://ustm.mr/ |title=Université des Sciences, de Technologie et de Médecine |access-date=2018-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614075840/http://www.ustm.mr/ |archive-date=2018-06-14 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==[[Morocco]]==
*[[:fr:Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie de Casablanca|Faculté de médecine et de Pharmacie de Casablanca]]
*[[:fr:Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie de Fès|Faculté de médecine et de Pharmacie de Fes]]
*[[:fr:Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie de Marrakech|Faculté de médecine et de Pharmacie de Marrakech]]
*[[:fr:Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie de Rabat|Faculté de médecine et de Pharmacie de Rabat]]
*[[:fr:Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie d'Oujda|Faculté de médecine et de Pharmacie d'Oujda]]
*[[:fr:Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie d'Oujda|Faculté de médecine et de Pharmacie de Tanger]]
* Université internationale Abulcasis des sciences de la santé
*[[:fr:Université Mohammed 6 des Sciences de la Santé|Université Mohammed 6 des Sciences de la Santé]]
*[[:fr:faculté de médecine privée de marrakech|Faculté de médecine privée de Marrakech]]
*[[:fr:Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie de Casablanca|Faculté de médecine et de Pharmacie d'Agadir]]

==[[Mozambique]]==
* [[Catholic University of Mozambique]], Faculty of Medicine (Universidade Católica de Moçambique, Faculdade de Medicina)
* [[Eduardo Mondlane University]], Faculty of Medicine (Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Faculdade de Medicina)
* [[Lurio University]], Health Science Faculty (Universidade Lurio, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde)
* [[ISCTEM - Instituto Superior de Ciências e Tecnologia de Moçambique]], School of Health Sciences

==[[Namibia]]==
* [[UNAM School of Medicine (Namibia)|UNAM School of Medicine]] of the [[University of Namibia]], Faculty of Health Sciences.

==Nigeria==
*[[Abia State University]], Uturu
* Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi
*Afe Babalola 
* University College of Medicine, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti. 
*[[African College of Health]] College of Medicine, FCT
*[[Ahmadu Bello University]], Zaria
*[[Ambrose Alli University]] College of Medicine, Ekpoma
*[[Babcock University]], Ilishan Remo, Ogun State Nigeria
*[[Bayero University]], Kano
*[[Benue State University]], College of Health Sciences, Makurdi, Benue State.
*Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University College of Medicine, Anambra state
*[[Delta State University]], Abraka 
*[[Ebonyi State University]], Abakaliki
*[[Edo University Iyamho]], College of Health Science, Iyamho, Edo State.
*[[Ekiti State University]], College of Medicine, Ado - Ekiti, Ekiti State.
*[[Enugu State University Of Science And Technology]], College of Medicine, Parklane, Enugu.
*[[Godfrey Okoye University]], Enugu.
*[[Igbinedion University]], Okada, Edo State
*[[Ladoke Akintola University of Technology]] (Lautech), Ogbomosho, Oyo State
*[[Lagos State University]], Ikeja, Lagos
*[[Madonna University, Elele|Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State]]
*[[Nnamdi Azikiwe University]], Nnewi
*[[Obafemi Awolowo University]], Ile-Ife
* Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, [[Olabisi Onabanjo University]], [[Sagamu]], [[Ogun State]]
* Osun State University, Osogbo,Osun state (Uniosun).
*[[University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State]] (UNIMED)
*[[University of Benin (Nigeria)|University of Benin]]
*[[University of Calabar]]
*[[University of Ibadan]]
*[[University of medical Sciences, laje, Ondo]]
*[[University of Ilorin]]
*[[University of Jos]]
*[[University of Lagos]], Idi-Araba
*[[University of Maiduguri]]
*[[University of Nigeria]], Enugu
*[[University of Port Harcourt]]
*(( Bingham University)) Karu
*[[University of Uyo]], Uyo
*[[Usmanu Danfodiyo University]]
* Bingham University Karu
*Bowen University, Iwo
*Imo state University Owerri
*Sani Zangon Daura College of Health Technology, Daura, Katsina State. (coheskat.edu.ng)
* Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja
*PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Iriebe, Port Harcourt Nigeria

==[[Rwanda]]==
* [[University of Rwanda]] -College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS)
* University of Gitwe
* [[Adventist University of Central Africa|Adventist University Of Central Africa]]

==[[Senegal]]==
*Université El Hadji Ibrahima Niasse, St. Christopher Iba Mar Diop College of Medicine ( bɛ ni daa na mi shɛli St. Christopher's College of Medicine bin din gbaai yuuni 2000 zaŋ hali ni yuuni 2005)

*

==Somalia==
*[[Adal Medical University]]
*[[Gollis University]]
*[[Somali National University]]
*[[Salaam University]]
*[[Hargeisa University]]
*[[Amoud University]]
*[[Benadir University]]
*[[East Africa University]]
*[[Hope University]]
*[[Mogadishu University]]
*[[Somalia-Turkey Training and Research Hospital]]
*[[Baresan University]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://salaamuniversity.com/medicine-surgery/|title=Salaam University Faculty Of Medicine Website|last=|first=|date=2016|website=|publisher=|access-date=|archive-date=2019-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190313081239/http://salaamuniversity.com/medicine-surgery|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[East Africa University]]
*[[University of Somalia]]
*[[Somali International University]]
*[[University of Health Science in Bosaso]]
*[[Edna Adan University]]
*Frantz fanon university

==[[South Africa]]==
{{See also|Medical education in South Africa}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: centre;&quot;
|- &quot;
! Institution
! School
! Founded
! Location
|-
| [[University of Cape Town]]
| Faculty of Health Sciences
| 1912
| [[Cape Town]]
|-
| [[University of the Witwatersrand]]
| Faculty of Health Sciences
| 1919
| [[Johannesburg]]
|-
| [[University of the Free State]]
| Faculty of Health Sciences
| 1969
| [[Bloemfontein]]
|-
| [[University of KwaZulu-Natal]]
| College of Health Sciences
| 1950
| [[Durban]], [[Pietermaritzburg]]
|- 
| [[University of Pretoria]]
| Faculty of Health Sciences
| 1943
| [[Pretoria]]&lt;ref&gt;
[http://web.up.ac.za/default.asp?ipkCategoryID=77 Campuses Retrieved 1 October 2010] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118172832/http://web.up.ac.za/default.asp?ipkCategoryID=77 |date=18 January 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[University of Stellenbosch]]
| Faculty of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences
| 1955
| [[Tygerberg Hospital, Western Cape]]
|-
| [[Walter Sisulu University]]
| Faculty of Health Sciences
| 1985
| [[Mthatha, Eastern Cape]]
|-
| [[Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University]]
| School of Medicine
| 2015
| [[Ga-Rankuwa]]
|-
| [[University of Limpopo]]
|Faculty of Health Sciences
|2016
|[[Mankweng]], [[Limpopo]]
|-
| [[Nelson Mandela University]]
| Faculty of Health Sciences
| 2021
| [[Eastern Cape]]
|}

==[[Tanzania]]==
*
*[[Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences]]
*[[Hubert Kairuki Memorial University]]
*[[Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College]]
* [[Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences]]
* [[St. Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences]]
* [[University of Dodoma]]
* [[University of Dar es Salaam]] 
*[[State University of Zanzibar|SHMS, State University of Zanzibar (SUZA)]]
*[[Kampala International University in Tanzania]]
&lt;ref&gt;http://www.iime.org/database/africa/tanzania.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918093302/http://www.iime.org/database/africa/tanzania.htm |date=2016-09-18 }} List of Medical Schools&lt;/ref&gt;

==[[Tunisia]]==
*[[University of Monastir]], [[Faculty of Medicine of Monastir]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fmm.tn/|title=Faculté de Médecine Monastir|website=www.fmm.tn|language=fr-FR|access-date=2018-06-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[University of Sfax]], [[Faculty of Medicine of Sfax]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.medecinesfax.org/|title=FMS - Bienvenue|website=www.medecinesfax.org|access-date=2018-06-11}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[University of Sousse]], [[Faculty of Medicine of Sousse|Faculty of medicine Ibn El Jazzar of Sousse]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.medecinesousse.com/|title=Faculté de Médecine de Sousse|website=www.medecinesousse.com|language=en|access-date=2018-06-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Tunis El Manar University|University of Tunis El Manar]], [[Medicine School of Tunis]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.fmt.rnu.tn/|title=Accueil|last=Faculté medecine Tunis|date=|website=www.fmt.rnu.tn|language=fr|access-date=2018-06-11|archive-date=2018-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612154657/http://www.fmt.rnu.tn/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[University of Monastir]], [[Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir|Faculty of dental medicine of Monastir]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.fmdm.rnu.tn/|title=FMDM - Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de Monastir|website=www.fmdm.rnu.tn|access-date=2018-06-11|archive-date=2018-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141359/http://www.fmdm.rnu.tn/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==[[Uganda]]==
{{main|List of medical schools in Uganda}}
* [[Busitema University School of Medicine]], [[Mbale]]
* [[Gulu University School of Medicine]], [[Gulu]]
* [[Habib Medical School]], [[Kibuli]], [[Kampala]]
* [[International Health Sciences University]], [[Namuwongo]], Kampala
* [[Kampala International University School of Health Sciences]], [[Bushenyi]]
* [[Makerere University School of Medicine]], [[Mulago]], Kampala
* [[Mbarara University School of Medicine]], [[Mbarara]]
* [[Uganda Martyrs University School of Medicine]], [[St. Francis Hospital Nsambya]], Kampala
* [[Kabale University School of Medicine]], [[Kabale]]
* [[Soroti University School of Health Sciences]], [[Soroti]]
* [[King Ceasor University School of Medicine]], [[Kampala]]
https://www.kab.ac.ug/university_unit/kabale-university-school-of-medicine-kabsom/

==[[Zambia]]==
{{main|List of medical schools in Zambia}}

* [http://www.lamu.edu.zm/ Lusaka Apex Medical University], [[Lusaka]]
* [[Cavendish University Zambia|Cavendish University School of Medicine]], Lusaka
* [[Copperbelt University School of Medicine]], [[Ndola]]
* [[University of Zambia|University of Zambia School of Medicine]], Lusaka
* [[Mulungushi University School of Medicine]], [[Livingstone, Zambia|Livingstone]]
* [[livingstone International University for Tourism Excellence &amp; Business Management]] [[Lusaka]]
*[[Texila American University Zambia|Texila American University - Zambia]]
*[[Levy Mwanawasa Medical University]] [[Lusaka]]
*[[Eden University |Eden University of Medicine and Health Sciences]] [[Lusaka,Zambia]]

==[[Zimbabwe]]==

* [[University of Zimbabwe|University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences]]
*Midlands State University Medical School
* [[NUST (Zimbabwe)|National University of Science and Technology]]
Medical School

==Kundivihira==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://archive.today/20141023092001/http://wdoms.org/ World Directory of Medical Schools]

[[Category:Lists of medical schools|Africa]]</text>
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    <title>Shaka Polytechnic</title>
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      <text bytes="4788" sha1="jihvlw5pj887r9r8hoc5fumr8t7duoh" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Private tertiary institution in Benin City, Nigeria}}
{{Databox}}
{{Infobox school
 | name                    = Shaka Polytechnic
 | location                = Shaka Polytechnic, Avbiama, Benin City 300104, Edo
 | city                    = Benin
 | state                   = Edo
 | country                 = Nigeria
 | coordinates             = 6.6098301,3.1744756
 | former_name             = Nigeria Institute of Computer Science
 | schooltype              = Polytechnic
 | type                    = Private owned
 | established             = 6 February 1986
 | founder                 = Late Donaldson Shaka Momodu
 | website                 = https://shakapoly.edu.ng/programme/
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}

'''Shaka Polytechnic''' nyɛla ʒingama shikuru shɛli din be  [[Benin City]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-01-03|title=List of All Federal, State &amp; Private Polytechnics in Nigeria 2021|url=https://www.myschoolgist.com/ng/list-of-accredited-polytechnics-in-nigeria/|access-date=2021-06-03|website=www.myschoolgist.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Nigeria]], bɛ daa pilli la shikuru ŋɔ silimiin goli February dabaa ayobu dali yuuni 1986 ka daa boli Nigerian Institute of Computer Science'''.'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Shaka Polytechnic{{!}} School Fees, Courses &amp; Admission info|url=https://universitycompass.com/africa/Nigeria/polytechnic/Shaka-Polytechnic.php|access-date=2021-06-03|website=universitycompass.com|archive-date=19 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519085314/https://universitycompass.com/africa/Nigeria/polytechnic/Shaka-Polytechnic.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Background ==
Donaldson Shaka Momodu ŋun daa kpi la nyɛ ŋun daa pilli shikuru ŋɔ. Di shikuru titali nyɛla din be Evbo-Ewedo, Egba Way, Benin-Auchi Road ka lahi nyɛ tuuli shikuru din be 1, Prince Shaka Momodu Street, Ogiso Quarters, [[Benin City]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Shaka Polytechnic|url=https://hotels.ng/places/polytechnic/4416-shaka-polytechnic|access-date=2021-06-03|website=Hotels.ng Places}}&lt;/ref&gt;  [[National Board for Technical Education]] (NBTE) daa lɛbigi shikuru ŋɔ polytechnic yuuni  2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Private Polytechnics {{!}} National Board for Technical Education|url=https://net.nbte.gov.ng/private%20polytechnics|access-date=2021-06-03|website=net.nbte.gov.ng|archive-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926061746/https://net.nbte.gov.ng/private%20polytechnics|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2018-08-23|title=List of accredited private polytechnics and their locations|url=https://www.pulse.ng/communities/student/nigerian-tertiary-institutions-list-of-accredited-private-polytechnics-and-their/feyq29v|access-date=2021-06-03|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Shaka Polytechnic, Benin City|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/company/274/shaka-polytechnic-benin-city|access-date=2021-06-03|website=www.manpower.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt; Polytechnic ŋɔ nyɛla din toondan tali be Henrietta Shaka Momodu.{{Citation needed|date=June 2021}}

== Academic programmes ==
Shikuru maa nyɛla mali &quot;faculty&quot; nima anahi mini bɔhimbu yaɣa awɔi zaŋ n-ti National Diploma(ND) and Higher National Diploma(HND);&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Academy|first=Samphina|date=2019-08-20|title=List of Courses Offered in Shaka Polytechnic, Benin City|url=https://samphina.com.ng/shaka-polytechnic-undergraduate-courses/|access-date=2021-06-04|website=Samphina Academy|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2019-12-15|title=New List of Shaka Polytechnic Courses &amp; Requirements 2020/2021|url=https://schoolinfo.com.ng/shaka-polytechnic-courses/|access-date=2021-06-04|website=Schoolinfo.com.ng|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Courses Offered in Shaka Polytechnic, Benin City|url=https://www.manpower.com.ng/company/274/courses|access-date=2021-06-04|website=www.manpower.com.ng}}&lt;/ref&gt;

;School of Business and Management
* Accountancy
* Business Administration and Management
* Marketing
* Mass Communication

;School of Applied Science
* Computer Science
* Statistics

;School of Engineering
* Electrical/Electronics Engineering
* Computer Engineering

;School of Environmental Science
* Estate Management

== Lihimi m-pahi ==
*[[List of polytechnics in Nigeria|List of Polytechnics in Nigeria]]

== Kundivihira ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.shakapoly.edu.ng Official website]
{{Edo State}}{{authority control}}

{{coord|6.3395|5.6520|type:edu_region:NG|display=title}}
[[Category:Polytechnics in Nigeria]]
[[Category:Education in Benin City]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1986]]
[[Category:1986 establishments in Nigeria]]
{{Nigeria-university-stub}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ntinda</title>
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      <text bytes="5599" sha1="cs7jx2c4ao72hqpia1poni7axrhj7aq" xml:space="preserve">&lt;!-- Infobox starts !--&gt;
{{Databox}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Ntinda
| image_skyline = 
| image_caption = Ntinda
| image_flag = 
| image_seal = 
| nickname= 
| image_map = 
| mapsize = 150px
| pushpin_map = Uganda Kampala
| pushpin_map_caption = Map of Kampala showing the location of Ntinda.
| coordinates = {{coord|00|21|18|N|32|36|52|E|region:UG|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Uganda}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Uganda|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Central Region, Uganda|Central Uganda]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Uganda|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kampala District|Kampala Capital City Authority]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Kampala|Division]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Nakawa Division]]
| leader_title = 
| leader_name = 
| area_total_km2 = 
| area_land_km2 = 
| area_water_km2 = 
| elevation_m = 1200
| population_total = 
| population_as_of = 
| population_urban = 
| population_metro = 
| population_note = 
| timezone = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset = +3
| website = 
}} &lt;!-- Infobox ends !--&gt;

'''Ntinda''' nyɛla din be [[Kampala]], tiŋzuɣu zaŋ n-ti [[Uganda]].

==Dooshee==
Ntinda nyɛla din be [[Nakawa Division]], di nyɛla yaɣa dibaa anu zaŋ n-ti Kampala zaɣ'yini. Di nyɛla din be [[Kyambogo]] nudirigu zuɣu, [[Nakawa]] tooni, [[Naguru]] nuzaa zuɣu, [[Bukoto]] mi nyaaŋa. Lala dooshee maa waɣilim nyɛla kamani {{convert|7|km|mi|0}} ka chɛ soli zaŋ chaŋ Kampala's central business district.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | title=Distance between Kampala Road, Kampala, Central Region, Uganda and Ntinda, Kampala, Central Region, Uganda | publisher=Globefeed.com|work=GFC | url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kampala%20Road%2C%20Kampala%2C%20Central%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Ntinda%2C%20Kampala%2C%20Central%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJCacTwgW5fRcRPuJJw9VOeWU&amp;dt2=ChIJTxBMsc27fRcRv6uP9fylVGA | access-date=2 February 2016 | date=2 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tarisi zaŋ n-ti  Ntinda nyɛla 0°21'18.0&quot;N, 32°36'52.0&quot;E (Latitude:0.355004; Longitude:32.614437).&lt;ref&gt;{{google maps | access-date=2 February 2016 | title= Location of Ntinda | url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/0%C2%B021'18.0%22N+32%C2%B036'52.0%22E/@0.3550094,32.6122537,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Taarihi==
Bin din gbaai yuuni 1960s mini yuuni 1970s sunsuun, Ntinda daa nyɛla daabiligu shee, pukpariba daa ka daa lahi tum tumdiba zaŋ n-ti [[East African Railways]] biɛhigu shee.&lt;ref name=&quot;Know&quot;&gt;{{cite web | date=10 October 2012 | url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/HomesandProperty/Know-your-hood--Ntinda--the-fast-growing-commercial-hub/-/689858/1529090/-/y4i7c5/-/index.html | title=Know your hood: Ntinda, the fast-growing commercial hub | access-date=2 February 2016 | last=Namaganda | first=Agnes | newspaper=[[Daily Monitor]] | location=Kampala}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Points of interest==
Din doli na ŋɔ nyɛ yaɣa bora pam din be bee miri  Ntinda:
Dr Kiremerwa's clinic. Ŋun daa nyɛ tuuli gbansabili medical dɔɣite 
*Ntinda Vocational Training Institute - Gomnanti Vocational Training institute din be [[Ministry of Education and Sports (Uganda)]] sulinsi ni ka nyɛ din mali bɔhimbu yaɣa zaŋ n-ti Business Technical Vocational Education and Training (BTVET).&lt;ref&gt;MoES(25 September 2019).[https://www.ntindavti.ac.ug &quot;Ntinda Vocational Training Institute&quot;], ''[[Ministry of Education and Sports (Uganda)]]'',Kampala, 25 September 2019. Retrieved on 25 September 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ntinda Vocational Training Institute |url=http://www.ntindavti.ac.ug |website=Ntinda Vocational Training Institute}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*St. Luke's Church (CoU) . [https://stlukeschurchntinda.com/contact-us/]{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* Ntinda Mosque
* [[Carl Lwanga|St. Charles Lwanga Catholic Church]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/13/757466 | title=Museveni Gives Sh10 Million To Ntinda Church | newspaper=[[New Vision]] | date=13 June 2011 | first=Edward | last=Anyoli | access-date=22 June 2014 | location=Kampala}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Agape Baptist Church
* Ntinda Shopping Centre.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/9/38/554213|title=Ntinda Gets New Shopping Centre|access-date=23 June 2014|newspaper=[[New Vision]]|location=Kampala
|date=16 March 2007|last=Vision Reporter}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ntinda Police Station - yaɣili zaŋ n-ti [[Uganda National Police]]
* Tuskys Supermarket (Ntinda)

==Lihimi m-pahi==
*[[Kampala Northern Bypass Highway]]
*[[Kampala Capital City Authority]]
*[[Kisaasi]]
*[[Banda, Uganda]]
*[[St. Luke Anglican Church]]
*[[Uganda National Examinations Board HQ]]
*[[Ntinda Vocational Training Institute, Kampala Uganda]]

==Kundivihira==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/kampala-city-guide.html Kampala City Guide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614075806/http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/kampala-city-guide.html |date=2018-06-14 }}
*[http://www.ugabox.com/ntinda-shopping-centre.html Ntinda Shopping Centre - Malls - Kampala Uganda - Ugabox.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121226233826/http://www.ugabox.com/ntinda-shopping-centre.html |date=2012-12-26 }}
*[https://www.ntindavti.ac.ug/home.html Ntinda vocational training institute martrys way ministers village]{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
{{Kampala District}}
[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]
[[Category:Neighborhoods of Kampala]]
[[Category:Cities in the Great Rift Valley]]
[[Category:Nakawa Division]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Malangatana Ngwenya</title>
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      <text bytes="12607" sha1="tf0ojfiq94oceocf0ru4c07wxba9bbf" xml:space="preserve">{{Bio}}
'''Malangatana Valente Ngwenya''' ( o nyɛla bɛ ni dɔɣi so Silimin goli  June dabaayɔbu dali, yuuni  1936 ni, ka o kani silimiingoli  [[January]] dabaanu dali, yuuni 2011 ni )&lt;ref name=&quot;Publico&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.publico.pt/Cultura/morreu-o-pintor-malangatana_1473653 |title=Morreu o pintor moçambicano Malangatana |author=publico.pt |accessdate=5 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110109111645/http://www.publico.pt/Cultura/morreu-o-pintor-malangatana_1473653 |archivedate=9 January 2011 |access-date=22 May 2025 |archive-date=9 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110109111645/http://www.publico.pt/Cultura/morreu-o-pintor-malangatana_1473653 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYTObit&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Mozambican Artist Malangatana Ngwenya Dead at 74 |date=5 January 2011 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2011/01/05/world/europe/AP-EU-Obit-Malangatana-Ngwenya.html?_r=1&amp;hp | author = AP | author-link = Associated Press |work= [[The New York Times]]|accessdate =5 January 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ka nyɛ ŋun daa nyɛ tin'yuli booni Mozambican peenta,  peenta mini yɛltɔɣ'taɣimalisi tira. O nyɛla ŋun daa tooi yu pam ka o mali o tuuli yuli konko, '''Malangatana''' n mooni o tuma maa. O nyɛla ŋun kani silimiingoli  January dabaanu dali,  yuuni 2011ni tiŋ'yuli booni Matosinhos, n be tingbani yuli booni [[Portugal]] ni &lt;ref name=&quot;Publico&quot; /&gt;

== Biɛhigu ==
O nyɛla bɛ ni dɔɣi so yaɣili yuli booni  Matalana, tinkpaŋ din be Portuguese [[Mozambique]], tingbani wulinluhili yaɣili,  Ngwenya nyɛla ŋun daa nyɛ ŋun sɔŋdi o ma putuma polo ka chani shikuru o bilim'ni, ka o ba mi daa nyɛ ŋun nyɛ salin'gburi n be Transvaal  rigin ni. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=EMPIRE LINES: Murals, Malangatana Ngwenya (1967, 1987) (EMPIRE LINES x Tate Modern and The Africa Centre Interview) on Apple Podcasts |url=https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/murals-malangatana-ngwenya-1967-1987-empire-lines-x/id1533637675?i=1000576577175 |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=Apple Podcasts |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yilibinsim ni daa nyɛ din gbaagi o ma saha shɛli,  Malangatana nyɛla ŋun daa yuuni o maŋ zuɣu o tolitoli, ka nyɛ ŋun nyari sɔŋsim shɛŋa o milinsi shabi sani saha shɛŋa .&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;  O ni ti nya yuun pinaayi, o nyɛla ŋun daa chaŋ fɔŋ'jaɣu yuli daa booni  Lourenço Marques ( din yuli pa nyɛ  Maputo zɔŋɔ la ) ni o ti bɔ tuma , ka daa nyɛ ŋun leegi bɔlli yaɣili yuli booni tanisi, din nyɛ bɛ ni ŋmɛri shɛli teebuli zuɣu ka silimiingi bɔli li ni  ( tennis ) la  bɔli kpuɣiri yuuni  1953 ni. Dini n daa nyɛ din kpaŋsi o kubani ka o labi tuɣi o shikuru ,  ka nyɛ ŋun chani yuŋ shikuru bɔhimbu nima,  din-ni ka o suhi daa leegi binshɛɣu din kpe nucheeni tuma puuni . O nyɛla  Augusto Cabral ŋun gba daa nyɛ bɛ ( tennis club) maa niri ni kpansi so kobani pam, ŋuni n daa ti o nucheeni tuma niɛma nima ka lahi sɔŋɔ ka o kɔhiri o nucheeni tuma nim maa, ni ŋun gba daa nyɛ Pancho Guedes, ŋun daa nyɛ bɛ bɔlli maani niri la gba nyɛla ŋun daa tabi n sɔŋ o pam.&lt;ref name=Guardian&gt;{{cite news|first=Joe|last=Pollitt|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jan/17/malangatana-ngwenya-obituary |title=Malangatana Ngwenya obituary|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date= 17 January 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian2&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Pollitt|first=Joe|date=17 January 2011|title=Malangatana Ngwenya obituary|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jan/17/malangatana-ngwenya-obituary}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni  1958 ni , Ngwenya nyɛla ŋun daa chaŋ laɣinsi din daa nyɛ   Nucleo de Arte, di daa nyɛ dun'dɔŋni nucheeni tuma laɣinsi ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian2&quot; /&gt;  ka daa nyɛ ŋun nya sɔŋsim peenta yuli daa booni Ze Julio  sani. Di yuuni saha,  Ngwenya nyɛla tuma kɔhim'ma daa yina tuuli, din daa nyɛ din mini shɛbi tuma nim daa laɣim yina ; yuma'yi nyaanga,  o ko daa nyɛla ŋun zaŋ o tuma n pa tahipɔŋni tuuli,  saha shɛli o ni daa nyɛ yuun pishi ni anu . O Mozambique debut la nyaanga,  Malangatana nyɛla ŋun daa pa voori dunia zaa zaɣa n niŋ'di o tuma maa polo. O laɣingu mini  Pancho Guedes ni daa sɔŋ o ka zaŋ o tuma yina samba'ni,  Pancho Guedes nyɛla ŋun daa timoo nua o tuuli dunia zaa puuni kɔhim'ma din daa niŋ tiŋyuli booni Nigeria  la ni yuuni  1961 puuni .&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Pissarra|first=De Andrada|title=Locating Malangatana: decolonisation, aesthetics and the roles of an artist in a changing society|publisher=University of Cape Town Press|year=2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ŋɔ nyɛla din daa yɔɔgi o tuma kɔhim'ma dunia yaangi zuɣu zaa puuni n-ti  Malangatana, ka o daa pili o tuma nim wuhibu tingbana kamani  [[South Africa]], Nigeria, Rhodesia, [[Angola]], [[France]], England, Pakistan, India n-ti  USA tingban'ni  yumaata din daa dɔli na puuni .&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot; /&gt;

Yuuni  1964 ni, Ngwenya, ŋun daa kpe laɣingu yuli daa booni  FRELIMO guerrilla, nyɛla  PIDE di daa gbaai so ka di nyɛla salo yuli booni  Portuguese secret Police ban daa be Estado Novo  sahala n daa gbaai o , and spent ka o daa niŋ chiri pinaanii jari yaari maa puuni. O nyɛla ŋun daa deegi sɔŋsim la Lisbon nim  Gulbenkian Foundation  nim sani yuuni  1971, ka daa bɔhim Engraving  mini ceramics  la tiŋyuli booni Portugal, n be  Europe tingbana ni . O ni daa labina  Mozambique, din daa nyɛ gbansabila tingbani ni, o nucheeni tuma maa nyɛla din daa pa tahipɔŋ'ni saha gbaliŋ ni la  Lourenço Marques mini Lisbon tinsi ni poi ka bɛ daa ti naai deegi bɛ maŋsulinsi gbanpiɛla sani .&lt;ref&gt;{{in lang|pt}} [http://www.fundacao-mario-soares.pt/iniciativas/ilustra_iniciativas/2006/000545/Default6.asp Malangatana]{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Fundação Mário Soares ([[Mário Soares]] Foundation)&lt;/ref&gt;

Saha shɛli  Mozambique ni daa deegi di maŋ sulinsi naagi, n pirinla Carnation Revolution  din daa niŋ silimiingoli  April ni, yuuni 1974 puuni la , Ngwenya nyɛla ŋun daa yina palo ni n pahi  FRELIMO nim ni , saha ŋɔ din nyɛ siyaasa paati gaŋ shɛli din daa gbubi tingbani maa. Yuuni  1979 ni, o nyɛla ŋun daa pahi kɔhim'ma din yuli daa booni Moderne Kunst aus Afrika, ka daa nyɛ West Berlin  nim ni daa kpa shɛli la,  n daa nyɛ din daa pahi laɣingu maa tuuli Horizonte -Festival derbWeltkulturen la ni .&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sil.si.edu/SILPublications/modernafricanart/maaprint.cfm?subcategory=1970s &quot;Modern African Art : A Basic Reading List | Major Group Exhibitions : 1970s&quot;], Smithsonian Libraries.&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni  1981 nyaanga,  o daa nyɛla ŋun pa nyɛ nucheeni tuun tumdi biinga. O tuma nyɛla din gɔri gindi gbansabila tingbana ni,  ka di nyɛ din laɣim ni nucheeni tuun bɔŋ gbansabila tingbana ni ka silimiingi bɔli ni  National Museum of African Art la n be Washington mini DC yaɣa ni. Yaha, o nyɛla ŋun naagi nucheeni tuun kara n zaŋdi shɛŋa pa dukpuna zuɣu mini yaɣa pam ni la bɛ ni mi luɣishɛŋa ni FRELIMO mini UNESCO  nim ni .  O nucheeni tuma zaɣ'wurinpiŋ shɛli shɛli nyɛla bɛ ni zaŋ shɛli n dihi  Africa Centre,  din be London,  yaɣili yuli booni  King Street, n nyɛ Covent Garden dukpuna nachiinsi. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.jademaloney.com/the-africa-centre-mural &quot;Malangatana's Mural, The Africa Centre, London&quot;],  Jade Maloney.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13751583 &quot;African viewpoint: Death knell for African culture in UK?&quot;], BBC News – Africa, 15 June 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;  Lala nucheeni tuma ŋɔ daa nyɛla din kpe Africa Centre yaɣ'palli,  din daa yoogi yaɣili yuli booni Southwark la ni silimiingoli  opened in June ni, yuuni 2022 ni. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Cobbinah|first=Angela|date=16 June 2022|title=The Africa Centre – home at last|work=[[Camden New Journal]]|url=https://www.camdennewjournal.co.uk/article/the-africa-centre-home-at-last}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ngwenya nyɛla ŋun sɔŋsi n kpa kaya ni taada shikuriti  Mozambique tingban'ni , ka nyɛ ŋun daa kpa laɣingu yuli daa booni  Mozambican Peace Movement. O nyɛla bɛ ni daa ti so Nachingwea Medal kpaŋmaŋ pini,  ka di nyɛla o chɔɣino zaŋti  Mozambican kaya la , ka nyɛ bɛ ni daa lan lɛbigi so Grande Oficial da Ordem do Infante D. Henrique. Yuuni 1997 ni, o nyɛla ŋun daa leegi  UNESCO nucheeni tuun tumdi ni suhidoo &lt;ref name=&quot;BBC&quot;&gt;[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-12121701 &quot;African artist Malangatana dies&quot;], BBC News, 5 January 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; ka daa deegi kpaŋmaŋ pini din daa nyɛ Prince Clause kpaŋmaŋ pini  

O nyɛla ŋun daa deegi bɔhimbu shɛhira gbaŋ yuli booni degree honoris causa la shikuru yuli booni University of Evora ni yuuni 2010.

O nyɛla ŋun daa kani ka nyɛ yuun pisopoin ni anahi silimiingoli  January  dabaanu dali, yuuni 2011, tiŋyuli booni  Matosinhos[[Matosinhos|,]]  n be Portugal tingbani wulinpuhili polo o ni daa yuui barigu ni nyaanga .&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC&quot; /&gt;

== O Tuma Nim mini di Tuma Niɛma Nima ==
Malangatana nyɛla ŋun daa nyɛ peentapeenta, yɛltɔɣ'taɣimalisi tiri ti pahi ŋun kpɛri binyɛra. Peentibu ŋun polo, o daa ŋun tuui zaŋdi peenta din mali kpam din ni ka silimiingi bɔlli ni (oil based paints) la n tuui peentira, ka di nyɛla ka di nyɛla di kuubu ni yuuri la zuɣu. Peenta nim ŋɔ nyɛbu tom daa chemi ka o kuli zuhiri o peentibu nima peentin tuma shee.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Langley|first=Allison|last2=Rush|first2=Katrina|last3=Simek|first3=Julie|date=2021|title='The Complete Painter': Malangatana’s Approach to Painting, 1959–75|url=https://www.artic.edu/digital-publications/34/malangatana-mozambique-modern/9/malangatanas-approach-to-painting|journal=Malangatana: Mozambique Modern—The Modern Series at the Art Institute of Chicago|language=en|publisher=Art Institute of Chicago|doi=10.53269/9780865593138/05}}&lt;/ref&gt; Saha shɛli ha o tuma maa puuni, o daa nyɛla ŋun daa lahi niŋdi silimiingi ni mi peentin shɛli ni ( screen printing) la , din daa be o yuuni  2001 tuma din yuli daa booni ka yuli ka silimiingi mi li ni ( ''Untitled) la.''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Costa|first=Alda|date=2018|title=Artists of Mozambique Looking at themselves and at their world|url=https://asai.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/TTA_MOZ_VOL-5-2018_Artists-of-Mozambique.pdf|journal=Third Text Africa|volume=5|pages=4–26|via=Africa South Art Inititiave}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Malangatana daa nyɛla ŋun lahi nyɛ sasabira,  ni yuuni 1963 ni o yɛltɔɣi taɣimalisi nim shɛŋa daa nyɛla din daa be yaɣili yuli booni Black Orpheus ka o tuma nim nyɛ din daa lan pahi sahaŋɔ yɛltɔɣa taɣimalisi din be gbansabila tingbana ni, ka ban daa labi malli niŋ n nyɛ Gerald Moore mini Ulli Beier .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=7 January 2011|title=Renowned painter Malangatana Valente Ngwenya died|url=https://www.sadocc.at/sadocc.at/news/2011/2011-003.shtml|access-date=21 May 2023|website=SADOCC|publisher=Southern Africa Documentation and Cooperation Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=2 December 2018|title=Poesia Africana / African Poetry - 'MODERN POETRY FROM AFRICA' by Gerald Moore and Ulli Beier - London 1963|url=http://livrosultramarguerracolonial.blogspot.com/2018/12/poesia-africana-african-poetry-modern.html|website=Livros Ultramar - Guerra Colonial}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Political valences ==
[[Lahabali_kɔligu:Going_to_the_Independence_war_and_saying_goodbye_(1964)_-_Malangatana_(1936_-_2011).jpg|thumb|310x310px|''Going to the Independence War and Saying Goodbye (1964)'']]
Malangatana nim nucheeni tuma nyɛla din mali siyaasa tuma ni di bɛhisi din ni bin din gbaagi gbanpɛla ni daa na bi kpe Mozambique tingbanni saha shɛli , tam shɛli ban daa nyɛ ban chaŋ shikuriti yuuni 1960 ni pɔri gari kɔbigi puuni vaabu pia bɛ daadam biɛlim puuni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=World Bank Open Data|url=https://data.worldbank.org/|access-date=2023-12-15|website=World Bank Open Data}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni daa ka bɛ daa tuhiri gban piɛli ni bɛ nucheeni tuma hankali zilima, o daa nyɛla ŋun daa chɛ ka siyaasa  do palo ni ka bɛ salo maa pam daa nyɛ ban kpe din'ni ka wumsiri ba tamdi sabbu zuɣu sahashɛŋa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Henriksen|first=Thomas H.|date=October 1975|title=Remarks on Mozambique|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-issues/article/abs/remarks-on-mozambique/4E7910B34371F307C067F937F1222041|journal=African Issues|language=en|volume=5|issue=3|pages=11–14|doi=10.2307/1167018|issn=0047-1607}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* Navarro, J., &amp; H. C. McGuire (2003), ''Malangatana'', Mkuki na Nyota Publishers. {{ISBN|9987-686-45-1}}, available through Michigan State University Press.

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      <text bytes="34123" sha1="6275451p0mlnfpsp7jg9q153s16aah2" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}'''Quakers''' nyɛla ninvuɣ'shɛba ban be '''Religious Society of Friends ni''', Dolodolo adiini balishɛli. Ban be din ni booni la taba zonima {{Bibleverse|John|15:14|KJV}} ban niŋ dihitabili Bible, amaa shɛba daa booni ba la Quakers ka di daliri nyɛla ŋun daa pili lala laɣingu ŋɔ, [[George Fox]], daa yɛli la jaaji ni &quot;quake before the authority of God&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Where Did the Names &quot;Quaker&quot; and &quot;Friends&quot; Come From? |url=https://www.wcfriendschurch.org/friends-quakers |publisher=Walnut Creek Friends Church |access-date=21 June 2024 |language=English|quote=They called themselves “Friends” because of the words of Jesus recorded in John 15:14, “You are my friends, if you do what I command you.” The early Friends were Christians who believed they could live like Jesus because Jesus lived in them. The name “Quaker” was applied to the early Friends by their critics. The early Friends were so aware of the presence of God among them that they sometimes trembled with excitement. Upon being threatened by a judge to “quake” before the authority of his court, George Fox told him to quake before the authority of God.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lala zonima ŋɔ bɔrimi ni sokam di shɛhira ni Naawuni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=George Fox's Journal |last=Fox |first=George |date=1903 |pages=215–216 |publisher=Isbister and Company Limited |url=https://archive.org/stream/georgefoxsjourn00nicogoog#page/n245 |quote=This is the word of the Lord God to you all, and a charge to you all in the presence of the living God; be patterns, be examples in all your countries, places, islands, nations, wherever you come; that your carriage and life may preach among all sorts of people and to them: then you will come to walk cheerfully over the world, answering that of God in every one; whereby in them ye may be a blessing, and make the witness of God in them to bless you: then to the Lord God you will be a sweet savour, and a blessing.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Charles2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Hodge|first=Charles|title=Systematic Theology|date=12 March 2015|publisher=Delmarva Publications, Inc.|language=en|page=137|quote=This spiritual illumination is peculiar to the true people of God; the inward light, in which the Quakers believe, is common to all men. The design and effect of the &quot;inward light&quot; are the communication of new truth, or of truth not objectively revealed, as well as the spiritual discernment of the truths of Scripture. The design and effect of spiritual illumination are the proper apprehension of truth already speculatively known. Secondly. By the inner light the orthodox Quakers understand the supernatural influence of the Holy Spirit, concerning which they teach, – (1.) That it is given to all men. (2.) That it not only convinces of sin, and enables the soul to apprehend aright the truths of Scripture, but also communicates a knowledge of &quot;the mysteries of salvation.&quot; ... The orthodox Friends teach concerning this inward light, as has been already shown, that it is subordinate to the Holy Scriptures, inasmuch as the Scriptures are the infallible rule of faith and practice, and everything contrary thereto is to be rejected as false and destructive.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://qfp.quaker.org.uk/chapter/11/ |title=Membership {{!}} Quaker faith &amp; practice |website=qfp.quaker.org.uk |access-date=9 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.bym-rsf.org/publications/fandp/11worship.html |title=Baltimore Yearly Meeting Faith &amp; Practice |date=August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120413213340/http://www.bym-rsf.org/publications/fandp/11worship.html |archive-date=13 April 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{bibleverse |1 Peter |2:9}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='That of God' in every person |url=https://quakers-belux.org/that-of-god-in-everyone/ |publisher=Quakers in Belgium and Luxembourg}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bɛ shɛba nyɛla ban gindi niŋdi waazu, n-ti pahi [[Nontheist Quakers]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://quakertheology.org/ministers-1.htm|title=The Trouble With 'Ministers' |last=Fager |first=Chuck |website=quakertheology.org |access-date=9 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2017, bɛ daa buɣisi ban bi balaga ka be din ni kalinli 377,557, vaabu 49% n-nyɛ ban be [[Africa]] ka vaabu 22% be [[North America]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 2017 |title=FWCC World Map 2017 |url=https://fwccawps.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/fwccworldmap2017.pdf |access-date=August 1, 2024 |website=FWCC-AWPS}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Vaabu 89%  Quakers dunia zaa nyɛla ban be &quot;''evangelical'' and ''programmed&quot;'' kparibɔɣiri ban jama jamdi ni yila yilibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;epistles2012page8&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in Britain |title=Epistles and Testimonies |year=2012 |url=http://old.quaker.org.uk/sites/default/files/epistles-and-testimonies-2012.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115151223/http://old.quaker.org.uk/sites/default/files/epistles-and-testimonies-2012.pdf |archive-date=15 January 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Angell |first1=Stephen Ward |last2=Dandelion |first2=Pink |title=The Cambridge Companion to Quakerism |date=April 19, 2018 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-13660-1 |page=290 |language=en |quote=Contemporary Quakers worldwide are predominately evangelical and are often referred to as the Friends Church.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;epistles2012page7&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in Britain |title=Epistles and Testimonies |year=2012 |url=http://www.quaker.org.uk/sites/default/files/epistles-and-testimonies-2012.pdf |page=7 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119013805/http://www.quaker.org.uk/sites/default/files/epistles-and-testimonies-2012.pdf|archive-date=19 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.fgcquaker.org/library/ministry/recordedministers-drayton.html |title=FGC Library: Recorded Ministers in the Society of Friends, Then and Now |last=Drayton |first=Brian |date=23 December 1994 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414010203/http://www.fgcquaker.org/library/ministry/recordedministers-drayton.html |archive-date=14 April 2012 |access-date=9 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hope1997&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Christian Scholar's Review, Volume 27 |date=1997 |publisher=[[Hope College]] |page=205 |language=English |quote=This was especially true of proto-evangelical movements like the Quakers, organized as the Religious Society of Friends by George Fox in 1668 as a group of Christians who rejected clerical authority and taught that the Holy Spirit guided}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Bacon |first=Margaret |title=Mothers of Feminism: The Story of Quaker Women in America |year=1986 |publisher=Harper &amp; Row |location=San Francisco |pages=24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Fox |first1=George |editor1-first=Wilson |editor1-last=Armistead |title=Journal of George Fox |year=1803 |edition=7 |volume=2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pYxFAAAAIAAJ |page=186}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/church-families/friends-quakers.html |title=Friends (Quakers) |author=World Council of Churches |work=Church Families |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811123047/http://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/church-families/friends-quakers.html |archive-date=11 August 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bɛ nyɛla ban kpaŋsiri ashili mini dihitabili ni Naawuni, ni Dolodolo adinni zaŋ tam kalinli zuɣu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stewart1992&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Stewart |first1=Kathleen Anne |title=The York Retreat in the Light of the Quaker Way: Moral Treatment Theory : Humane Therapy Or Mind Control? |date=1992 |publisher=William Sessions |isbn=9781850720898 |language=en|quote=On the other hand, Fox believed that perfectionism and freedom from sin were possible in this world.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/quakersamerican00levy |url-access=registration |title=Quakers and the American Family: British Settlement in the Delaware Valley |last=Levy |first=Barry |date=30 June 1988 |publisher=Oxford University Press, US |isbn=9780198021674 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/quakersamerican00levy/page/128 128]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Religious Society of Friends nyɛla &quot;''Catechism and Confession of Faith'' (1673)&quot;, ka Quaker [[Robert Barclay]] daa yihili na.&lt;ref name=&quot;Coffey2020&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Coffey |first1=John |title=The Oxford History of Protestant Dissenting Traditions, Volume I: The Post-Reformation Era, 1559-1689 |date=29 May 2020 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-252098-2 |page=399 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=A Short Account of the Life and Writings of Robert Barclay |date=1827 |publisher=Tract Association of the Society of Friends |page=22 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Richmond Declaration|Richmond Declaration of Faith]] (1887) nyɛla [[Quakers#Hicksite–Orthodox split|Orthodox Friends]] ni daa taɣi deei shɛli pam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Williams2019&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Williams |first1=Walter R. |title=The Rich Heritage of Quakerism |date=13 January 2019 |publisher=Pickle Partners Publishing |isbn=978-1-78912-341-8 |language=en |quote=From time to time, over the three centuries of their history, Friends have issued longer or shorter statements of belief. They earnestly seek to base these declarations of the essential truths of Christianity upon the clear teaching of the Holy Scriptures. The most detailed of these statements commonly held by orthodox Friends is known as the Richmond Declaration of Faith. This instrument was drawn up by ninety-nine representatives of ten American yearly meetings and of London and Dublin yearly meetings, assembled at Richmond, Indiana, in 1887.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Declaration of Faith Issued by the Richmond Conference in 1887 |url=https://www.quakerinfo.com/rdf.shtml |access-date=30 May 2024 |language=English |date=23 July 2008 |quote=A conference of 95 delegates appointed by 12 Friends (Quaker) yearly meetings representing the Orthodox branch of Friends across the world met in Richmond, Indiana in September 1887. This conference issued a Declaration of Faith, which has been widely used by Orthodox Friends ever since.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Society-of-Friends |first1=Richard T. |last1=Vann|title=Society of Friends {{!}} religion |work=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=13 June 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Jackson2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/8467833.stm |title=How did Quakers conquer the British sweet shop? |last=Jackson |first=Peter |date=20 January 2010 |publisher=BBC News |access-date=9 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Jahn-1947&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1947/press.html |title=Award Ceremony Speech (1947) |last=Jahn |first=Gunnar |author-link=Gunnar Jahn |publisher=Nobel Foundation |access-date=6 October 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://quaker.org/legacy/minnfm/peace/nobel_peace_prize.htm |title=The Quaker Peace Testimony and the Nobel Peace Prize |last=Abrams |first=Irwin |author-link=Irwin Abrams |date=1991 |access-date=24 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
===Splits===

{{cladogram|title=Divisions of the Religious Society of Friends
|caption=The divisions of Quakers 1800-1900s. Orthodox adopt &quot;mainstream [[Protestant scholasticism|Protestant orthodoxy]]&quot;. Liberals value the [[Inward light|Inner Light]] over the Bible. Conservatives want to conserve the Inner Light over outward [[evangelicalism]]. Late 1800s many meetings became programmed ([[Church service|pastoral]]) with splits by unprogrammed meetings. 2019 [[Beanite Quakerism|Beanite]] -  2 Yearly Meetings joined FGC, 1 YM remained unaffiliated.  (US and world membership K=1,000.  49% in Africa)  &lt;br&gt;[[World War I|WWI]] [[Testimony of peace|peace work]] brought the diverse Friends together in followship formalized with the [[Friends World Committee for Consultation]] in 1937.
|clades=
  {{clade
    |1={{clade
         |label1=Orthodox
         |1={{clade
              |1={{clade
                   |1={{clade
                        |label2=Wilburite
                        |sublabel2=1842
                        |2={{clade
                             |label1= .             Conservative
|sublabel1=        (Unprogrammed)
                             |1=[[Conservative Friends]] 1842 (US 2K)
                            }}
                        |label1=Gurneyite
                        |1={{clade
                             |label1=Orthodox
                             |1={{clade
                                  |label1=Programmed
|sublabel1=(Pastoral)
                                  |1=[[Friends United Meeting]] 1902 (US 25K, world 170K)
                                  |label2=Evangelical
                                  |sublabel2=1924 (Pastoral)
                                  |2=[[Evangelical Friends Church International]] 1947 (US 34K, world 200K)
                                }}
                             |label2=Beanite
                             |sublabel2=1889
                             |2={{clade
                                  |label1= . Independent (US 3K)
|sublabel1=(Unprogrammed)
                                  |1=unaffiliated (US 1K)
                                }}
                            }}
                       }}
                   }}
               |2=Beaconite (1836-1850s)|state2=dashed}}
               |label2=Hicksite (Liberal)
               |sublabel2=1827
               |2={{clade
                    |label1= (2019 + Beanite US 2K) . Unprogrammed
                    |1=[[Friends General Conference]] 1900 (US 22K, world 32K)
                  }}
              }}
    }}
}}

===Role of women===
[[File:SugarGroveFriendsDivision.jpg|thumb|left|[[Sugar Grove Conservative Friends Meeting House]], built in 1870 in [[Indiana]], with an openable partition between male and female sections]]

==Lihi pahi==
* ''[[The Light upon the Candlestick]]'' – a 17th-century tract which was popular among English Quakers
* [[List of Christian denominations#Quaker|List of Christian denominations]]
* {{annotated link|Peace Testimony}}
* {{annotated link|Testimony of equality}}
* {{annotated link|Testimony of integrity}}
* {{annotated link|Testimony of simplicity}}
* [[Shakers]]

==Kundivihira==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=

&lt;ref name=GeorgeFoxsJournal&gt;{{Cite book |title=George Fox: An Autobiography (George Fox's Journal) |year=1694 |author=George Fox |url=http://www.strecorsoc.org/gfox/title.html |access-date=7 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926224431/http://www.strecorsoc.org/gfox/title.html |archive-date=26 September 2007 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--
&lt;ref name=Abramson1994&gt;{{Cite book |title=We, The Jury |last=Abramson |first=Jeffrey |year=1994 |publisher=Harvard University Press |location=Cambridge, MA |isbn=0-674-00430-2 |pages=68–72}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=AISecretariatArchives&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.iisg.nl/archives/en/files/a/10739035full.php |title=Amnesty International Secretariat Archives |publisher=International Institute of Social History}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Voltaire&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://www.voltaire-integral.com/Html/12/04ess140.html |title=Essai sur les moeurs (in French) |author=Voltaire |chapter=Chapter 136: Suite de la religion d'Angleterre |year=1756}}&lt;/ref&gt;
--&gt;

&lt;!--
&lt;ref name=&quot;Claridge1838&quot;&gt; {{Cite book |chapter=Selections from the Memoirs of Richard Claridge |title=including His Reasons for refusing to pay Steeple-House and Warden's Rates and Tithes. Addressed to his Neighbours |url=https://archive.org/details/selectionsfromm00clargoog |author=Richard Claridge |author2=Posthumous publication |author3=anonymous editor |year=1838| publisher=John Harrison|location=Manchester| page=n6 in electronic page field |access-date=3 January 2010}} Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=Fager&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.quaker.org/quest/ministers-1.htm|title=The Trouble with 'Ministers'|author=[[Chuck Fager]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=FloridaStatutes741.07&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.nationalnotary.org/userimages/florida.pdf |title=Florida Statutes: 741.07 Persons authorized to solemnize matrimony) |date=20 October 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;
--&gt;
&lt;ref name=Hollowell1870&gt;{{Cite book |title=The Quakers in New England: An Essay |year=1870 |first=Richard Price |last=Hollowell |page=26 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6IOQcwb7xTYC |publisher=Merrihew &amp; Son, Printers}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;makingmuslimquaker&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|first =Brett|last= Miller-White |date=2004|url=http://www.quaker.org/quest/issue-10-muslim-white-01.htm |title=The Journeyman&amp;nbsp;– The Making of a Muslim Quaker|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070718131342/http://www.quaker.org/quest/issue-10-muslim-white-01.htm |archive-date=18 July 2007 |magazine=Quaker Theology|volume= 10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;mindfulquaker&quot;&gt;Brown, Valerie (2006), ''The Mindful Quaker''.&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--
&lt;ref name=&quot;Penn&amp;Claridge1817&quot;&gt; {{Cite book |title=Extracts from The Writings of William Penn &amp; Richard Claridge, on the Death and Sufferings of Our Lord Jesus Christ |url=https://archive.org/details/extractsfromwri00clargoog |author=William Penn &amp; Richard Claridge|author2=Posthumous publication |author3=anonymous editor |year=1817| publisher=William and Samuel Graves |location=London| page=n6 in electronic page field |access-date=3 January 2010}} Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;PH377&quot;&gt;#377, Pendle Hill, 2005&lt;/ref&gt;
--&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;PeningtonLetter&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.qhpress.org/texts/penington/letter40.html |title=Isaac Penington to Thomas Walmsley (1670) |publisher=Quaker Heritage Press |access-date=2 May 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--
&lt;ref name=&quot;praise2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |author=Editorial |title=In praise of... the Quakers |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=31 July 2000 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2009/aug/01/in-praise-of-the-quakers |access-date=12 November 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
--&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;QinGB&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |title=Quaker faith &amp; practice |edition=3rd |author=Britain Yearly Meeting |url=http://www.quaker.org.uk/qfp |isbn=0-85245-306-X |year=1999 |publisher=Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in Britain |location=London}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;quakerfinder&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.quakerfinder.org/ |title=Quaker Finder |publisher=Friends General Conference |access-date=26 July 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=QuakerTestimonies2005&gt;{{Cite book |title=Living What We Believe: Quaker Testimonies: a way of living faithfully (leaflet) |author=Testimonies Committee of [[Quaker Peace and Social Witness]] |year=2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;!--&lt;ref name=BYMSubjectGuides&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.quaker.org.uk/subject-guides |title=Library of the Society of Friends Subject Guides |publisher=[[Britain Yearly Meeting]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; --&gt;

&lt;ref name=QuakersinScotland&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.quakerscotland.org/businessmeetings |title=Guide to Quaker Business Meetings |date=5 March 2007 |publisher=Quakers in Scotland}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;QWRC-intro&quot;&gt;{{Cite report |url=http://www.quaker.org.uk/files/ymg-2009-epistles-and-testimonies.pdf |title=Epistles &amp; testimonies: compiled for Yearly Meeting Gathering to be held 25 July–1 August 2009 at the University of York |page=5 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726194444/http://www.quaker.org.uk/files/ymg-2009-epistles-and-testimonies.pdf |archive-date=26 July 2011 |contribution=Introduction from Quaker World Relations Committee}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!-- Removed 18 Dec 11
&lt;ref name=&quot;Rush2002&quot;&gt;David Rush (2002) [http://www.universalistfriends.org/rush.html They Too Are Quakers: A Survey of 199 Nontheist Friends] ''The Woodbrooke Journal'', 11 (Winter)&lt;/ref&gt;
--&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;testimonies&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.quaker.org.uk/sites/default/files/Quaker%20Testimonies%20leaflet.pdf |title=Quaker Testimonies leaflet |publisher=[[Britain Yearly Meeting]] |access-date=19 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115151224/http://www.quaker.org.uk/sites/default/files/Quaker%20Testimonies%20leaflet.pdf |archive-date=15 January 2016 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilburite-Gurneyite&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.snowcamp.org/shocf/ |title=A short history of Conservative Friends |author=anonymous |access-date=2025-05-28 |archive-date=2017-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019000544/http://www.snowcamp.org/shocf/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

*[www.maison-quaker-congenies.org/]
*[http://congenies.canalblog.com]
}}

==Further reading==
{{Refbegin|30em}}
*{{Cite book |title=Historical Dictionary of The Friends (Quakers) |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-4483-4 |editor1=Abbott, Margery |editor2=Chijioke, Mary Ellen |editor3=Dandelion, Pink |editor4=Oliver, John William |date=June 2003 }}
*{{Cite book |last=Anderson|first=Verily |author-link=Verily Anderson |title=Friends and Relations: Three Centuries of Quaker Families |publisher=Hodder &amp; Stoughton |date=1980}} 
*{{Cite book |last=Bacon|first=Margaret Hope |title=The Quiet Rebels: The Story of the Quakers in America |date=April 2000 |publisher=Pendle Hill Publications |isbn=978-0-87574-935-8 |page=249 }}
*Margaret Hope Bacon, &quot;Quakers and Colonization&quot; ''Quaker History''. 95 (Spring 2006), 26–43
*Hugh Barbour and J. William Frost, ''The Quakers''. (1988), 412 pp.; historical survey, including many capsule biographies [https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=98470032 online edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120627174456/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=98470032 |date=27 June 2012 }}
*{{Cite book |last=Barbour|first=Hugh |title=The Quakers in Puritan England |date=October 1985 |publisher=Friends United Press |isbn=978-0-913408-87-2 |page=272}}
*Philip Benjamin, ''Philadelphia Quakers in an Age of Industrialism, 1870–1920'' (1976)
*J. Brent Bill, ''Holy Silence: The Gift of Quaker Spirituality'' (2005), {{ISBN|1-55725-420-6}}
*David Boulton, ed., 2006, ''Godless for God's Sake: Nontheism in Contemporary Quakerism.'' Dales Historical Monographs. {{ISBN|0-9511578-6-8}}
*Michael L. Birkel, ''Silence and Witness: The Quaker Tradition'' (2004), {{ISBN|1-57075-518-3}} (in the UK, {{ISBN|0-232-52448-3}})
*William C. Braithwaite, ''The Beginnings of Quakerism''. (1912); revised by Henry J. Cadbury (1955) [https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=62095557 online edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120721190623/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=62095557 |date=21 July 2012 }}
*William C. Braithwaite, ''Second Period of Quakerism''. (1919); revised by Henry Cadbury (1961), covers 1660 to 1720s in Britain
*Howard H. Brinton, ''Friends for 350&amp;nbsp;Years'' (1965), {{ISBN|0-87574-903-8}}
*Peter Brock, ''Pioneers of the Peaceable Kingdom''. (1968) on Peace Testimony from the 1650s to 1900
*Edwin B. Bronner, ''William Penn's Holy Experiment'' (1962)
*G. B. Burnet, ''Story of Quakerism in Scotland''. The Lutterworth Press (2007), Cambridge, {{ISBN|978-0-7188-9176-3}}
*Jennifer Connerley, ''Friendly Americans: Representing Quakers in the United States, 1850–1920'' PhD dissertation University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (2006). 277 pp.&amp;nbsp;Citation: DAI 2006 67(2): 600-A. DA3207363 online at [[ProQuest Dissertations &amp; Theses]]
*Wilmer A. Cooper, ''A Living Faith: An Historical and Comparative Study of Quaker Beliefs'' 2nd ed. (2000), {{ISBN|0-944350-53-4}}
*A. Glenn Crothers, ''Quakers Living in the Lion's Mouth: The Society of Friends in Northern Virginia, 1730–1865''. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2012
*Pink Dandelion, ''A Sociological Analysis of the Theology of the Quakers: The Silent Revolution'' ([[Lewiston, New York]]: [[Edwin Mellen Press]], 1996), {{ISBN|0-7734-8807-3}}
*Pink Dandelion, ''The Quakers: A Very Short Introduction'' (2008), {{ISBN|978-0-19-920679-7}}
*Adrian Davies, ''The Quakers in English Society, 1655–1725'' (2000) 261 pp.
*Robert Doherty, ''The Hicksite Separation''. (1967), uses the new social history to inquire who joined which side
*Mary Maples Dunn, ''William Penn: Politics and Conscience'' (1967)
*J. William Frost, ''The Quaker Family in Colonial America: A Portrait of the Society of Friends''. (1973), emphasis on social structure and family life
*J. William Frost, &quot;The Origins of the Quaker Crusade against Slavery: A Review of Recent Literature&quot;, ''Quaker History'' 67 (1978): 42–58. {{JSTOR|41946850}}
*Jonathan Fryer, ed., ''George Fox and the Children of the Light'' (London: Kyle Cathie, 1991), {{ISBN|1-85626-024-0}}
*Harvey Gillman, ''A Light that is Shining: Introduction to the Quakers'' (1988), {{ISBN|0-85245-213-6}}
*George H. Gorman, ''Introducing Quakers'' (3rd revised reprint) (London: Quaker Home Service, 1981), {{ISBN|0-85245-005-2}}
*Gerard Guiton, ''The Growth and Development of Quaker Testimony'' (2005), {{ISBN|0-7734-6002-0}}
*Thomas Hamm, ''The Quakers in America''. (2003). 293 pp., strong analysis of current situation, with brief history
*Thomas Hamm, ''The Transformation of American Quakerism: Orthodox Friends, 1800–1907''. (1988), looks at the impact of the Holiness movement on the Orthodox faction
*Thomas D. Hamm, ''Earlham College: A History, 1847–1997''. (1997) 448 pp.
*Jean Hatton, ''Betsy: The Dramatic Biography of Prison Reformer Elizabeth Fry'' (2005), {{ISBN|1-85424-705-0}} and {{ISBN|0-8254-6092-1}}
*Jean Hatton, ''George Fox: Founder of the Quakers'' (2007), {{ISBN|1854247530}} and {{ISBN|978-0-8254-6106-4}}
*Hubbard, Geoffrey, ''Quaker by Convincement''. (1985), {{ISBN|0-85245-189-X}} and (1974), {{ISBN|0-14-021663-4}}
*Joseph E. Illick, ''Colonial Pennsylvania: A History'' (1976). [https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=4151675# online edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529074305/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=4151675 |date=29 May 2012 }}
*H. Larry Ingle, ''First Among Friends: George Fox and the Creation of Quakerism'' (1994), {{ISBN|0-19-507803-9}} and (1996), {{ISBN|0-19-510117-0}}
*H. Larry Ingle, ''Nixon's First Cover-up: The Religious Life of a Quaker President'' (2015), {{ISBN|978-0-8262-2042-4}}
*H. Larry Ingle, ''Quakers in Conflict: The Hicksite Reformation'' (1998), {{ISBN|0-87574-926-7}}
*Sydney James, ''A People among Peoples: Quaker Benevolence in Eighteenth-Century America''. (1963), broad-ranging study that remains the best history in America before 1800
*Rufus M. Jones, Amelia M. Gummere and Isaac Sharpless. ''Quakers in the American Colonies'' (1911), history to 1775 [https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=6633084 online edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626172047/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=6633084 |date=26 June 2012 }}
*Rufus M. Jones, ''Later Periods of Quakerism''. 2 vols. (1921), covers England and America until World War I.
*Rufus M. Jones, ''The Story of George Fox''. (1919) 169 pp. [https://archive.org/details/storygeorgefox00jonegoog online edition]
*Rufus M. Jones, ''A Service of Love in War Time: American Friends Relief Work in Europe, 1917–1919'' (1922) [https://archive.org/details/aserviceloveinw01jonegoog online edition]
*Ryan Jordan, &quot;The Dilemma of Quaker Pacifism in a Slaveholding Republic, 1833–1865&quot;, ''Civil War History'' Vol. 53, (2007) [https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=5020095133 online edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120729212133/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=5020095133 |date=29 July 2012 }}
*Ryan Jordan, ''Slavery and the Meetinghouse: The Quakers and the Abolitionist Dilemma, 1820–1865''. (2007) 191 pp.
*Thomas C. Kennedy, ''British Quakerism, 1860–1920: The Transformation of a Religious Community''. (2001). 477 pp.
*Rebecca Larson, ''[[Daughters of Light]]: Quaker Women Preaching and Prophesying in the Colonies and Abroad, 1700–1775'' (1999) 399 pp.
*James David LeShana, {{&quot;'}}Heavenly Plantations': Quakers in Colonial North Carolina.&quot; PhD dissertation: University of California, Riverside 1998. 362 pp. DAI 2000 61(5): 2005-A. DA9974014 Fulltext: [[ProQuest Dissertations &amp; Theses]]
*Mark Minear, ''Richmond, 1887: A Quaker Drama Unfolds'' (1987), {{ISBN|9780913408988}}
*Rosemary Moore, ''The Light in Their Consciences: The Early Quakers in Britain 1646–1666'' (2000) 314 pp. {{ISBN|0-271-01989-1}}
*John A. Moretta, ''William Penn and the Quaker Legacy'' (2007), {{ISBN|0-321-16392-3}}
*Michael Mullet, ed., ''New Light on George Fox (1624 to 1691)'' (1994), {{ISBN|1-85072-142-4}}
*Gary Nash, ''Quakers and Politis: Pennsylvania, 1680–1726'' (1968)
*John Punshon, ''Portrait in Grey : A Short History of the Quakers'' (2nd ed.) (London: Quaker Books, 2006), {{ISBN|0-85245-399-X}}
*Ane Marie Bak Rasmussen, ''A History of the Quaker Movement in Africa'' (1994) 168 pp.
*Elbert Russell, ''The History of Quakerism'' (1942) [https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=72364552 online edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915215144/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&amp;d=72364552 |date=15 September 2011 }}
*Harold Smuck, ''Friends in East Africa'' (Richmond, Indiana: 1987)
*Douglas Steere, (1967) [http://pamphlets.quaker.org/phd/php151_jr.html On Being Present Where You Are] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214144038/http://pamphlets.quaker.org/phd/php151_jr.html |date=14 December 2007 }} Wallingford, Pa: Pendle Hill Pamphlet No. 151
*Frederick B. Tolles, ''Meeting House and Counting House'' (1948), on Quaker businessmen in colonial Philadelphia
*Frederick B. Tolles, ''Quakers and the Atlantic Culture'' (1960)
*[[D. Elton Trueblood]] ''The People Called Quakers'' (1966)
*John Michael Vlach, &quot;Quaker Tradition and the Paintings of Edward Hicks: A Strategy for the Study of Folk Art&quot;, ''Journal of American Folklore'' Vol. 94 (1981) {{doi|10.2307/540122}} {{JSTOR|540122}}
*Karen Anna Vogel, ''Christmas Union: Quaker Abolitionists of Chester County, PA'' (2014) ,Murray Pura's Cry of Freedom Series, Volume 5
*James Walvin, ''The Quakers: Money and Morals'' (1997) 243 pp.
*Clarence H. Yarrow, ''The Quaker Experience in International Conciliation'' (1979) for post-1945
{{refend}}

===Primary sources===
{{refbegin}}
*J. Brent Bill, ''Imagination and Spirit: A Contemporary Quaker Reader'' (2002) {{ISBN|0-944350-61-5}}
*Amelia Gummere, ed. ''The Journal and Essays of John Woolman'' (1922) [https://archive.org/details/journalandessay01woolgoog online edition]
*Rufus M. Jones, ed. ''The Journal of George Fox: An Autobiography'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926224431/http://www.strecorsoc.org/gfox/title.html#contents online edition]
*Lucretia Coffin Mott, ed. Beverly Wilson Palmer, ''Selected Letters of Lucretia Coffin Mott'', U. of Illinois Press, (2002) 580 pp.
*Robert Lawrence Smith, ''A Quaker Book of Wisdom'' (1999) {{ISBN|0-688-17233-4}}
*[[Jessamyn West (writer)|Jessamyn West]], ed. ''The Quaker Reader'' (1962) {{ISBN|0-87574-916-X}} collection of essays by Fox, Penn and other notable Quakers
{{Refend}}

===Children's books===
{{Refbegin}}
* Marguerite De Angeli, ''Thee, Hannah!'' {{ISBN|0-8361-9106-4}}
* [[Katherine Milhous]]
** ''[[The Egg Tree]]'' {{ISBN|978-0-689-71568-6}}
** ''Appolonia's Valentine'' {{ISBN|978-0-684-92306-2}}
* Brinton Turkle
** ''The Adventures of Obadiah'' {{ISBN|0-670-10614-3}}
** ''Obadiah the Bold'' {{ISBN|1-893103-19-6}}
** ''Rachel and Obadiah'' {{ISBN|1-893103-18-8}}
** ''Thy Friend, Obadiah'' {{ISBN|0-14-050393-5}}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
* [https://www.efcer.org/ Evangelical Friends Church], the largest Quaker association
* [https://www.centralfriendscamp.org/the-friends-evangel The Friends Evangel], Quaker publication 
* [https://friendsmission.com/ Evangelical Friends Mission], international Quaker mission work
* [https://www.quakerinfo.com/rdf.shtml Richmond Declaration of Faith of the Religious Society of Friends (1887)]
* [https://nwfriends.org/ Northwestern Yearly Meeting], Friends congregations in the western US
* [https://friendsofthelight.org.uk/ Friends of the Light in England] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250519013453/https://friendsofthelight.org.uk/ |date=2025-05-19 }}
* [https://www.plainquakers.org/ Friends in Christ in Scotland]
* [http://dqc.esr.earlham.edu:8080/xmlmm/login.html Digital Quaker Collection:&amp;nbsp;– a list of Christian Quaker literature] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250529015203/http://dqc.esr.earlham.edu:8080/xmlmm/login.html |date=2025-05-29 }}
* [http://www.prdl.org/authors.php?a_in=ALL&amp;era=Early%20Modern&amp;tradition=Quaker Post Reformation Digital Library: a library of early modern Quaker texts]
* [https://www.fgcquaker.org/quakerism/ Online resource for information from the Friends General Conference], a Liberal Quaker association
* [http://www.qhpress.org/index.html Quaker Heritage Press] publishes etexts of rare and out-of-print Quaker documents.
* [https://quakernews.org/ Quaker News] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250417054240/https://quakernews.org/ |date=2025-04-17 }} collects and combines news from various Quaker Meetings and organizations into a single chronological “newsfeed”.
* {{Gutenberg author|id=31896}}
* {{Internet Archive author|name=Society of Friends}}
* [https://archives.isl.lib.in.us/repositories/2/resources/299 Society of Friends Church history collection], Rare Books and Manuscripts, Indiana State Library
{{Religious Society of Friends|state=expanded}}
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[[Category:Silence]]
[[Pubu:Lahabaya zaa]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Condom</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32640</id>
    <revision>
      <id>135863</id>
      <parentid>122364</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:50:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jahibia</username>
        <id>2003</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1496725|Condom]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
      <origin>135863</origin>
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      <text bytes="4018" sha1="981h4he9pbb5e3k61y4lo5e53wsbzof" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;'''Condom''' nyɛla binshɛli bini mali piriti tooni di yi niŋ ka paɣa mini doo yen laɣim, din yen gu ka taɣi puli bee paɣa ni doo laɣambu doriti.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hat2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Hatcher|first=Robert Anthony|last2=M.D|first2=Anita L. Nelson|title=Contraceptive Technology|date=2007|publisher=Ardent Media|isbn=9781597080019|pages=297–311|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=txh0LpjjhkoC&amp;pg=PA297|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918185600/https://books.google.com/books?id=txh0LpjjhkoC&amp;pg=PA297|archive-date=2017-09-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di mali paɣaba ni dabba dini.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=WHO Model Formulary 2008|year=2009|isbn=9789241547659|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|veditors=Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR|hdl=10665/44053|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|hdl-access=free|page=372}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yi niŋ ka di piri vienyɛla ,paɣaba ban mama piriti condomnima puli kpiɣibu tomi, ka di nyɛla kobigi puuni vaabu buyi ni ka bi ni tooi kpiɣi puli yuuni ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hat2007&quot; /&gt; Niriba ban laɣindi yi zoogi ka bi piritili, di nyɛla din guriba ka chɛri laɣambu doriti kamani HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B ni din pahi pahi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hat2007&quot; /&gt; Di lahi bori gubu biɛla n tiriba ka chɛri doriti kamani &quot;genital herpes&quot; , &quot;human papillomavirus(HPV)&quot;, ni syphilis.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hat2007&quot; /&gt;

Dabba condom ŋo nyɛla doo ni yen zaŋ shɛli n piri o tooni, poi ka o mini paɣa naa yi laɣim, ka di nye din taɣiri manee ka di ku kpe paɣa maa tooni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hat2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Sp2011&quot; /&gt; Dabba dina maa nyɛla bini mali roba bali shɛli din yuli nye &quot;latex&quot; la n maana, saha shɛŋa bi mali  &quot;polyurethane&quot;, &quot;polyisoprene&quot;, bee piɛɣu binyori.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hat2007&quot; /&gt;Dabba dini maa piribu bi to, ka lahi niŋ bayaana, ka di yɛligola nye din bi galisi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hat2007&quot; /&gt; Ninvuɣ&lt;nowiki&gt;'shɛba ban ningbuna mini roba ''&lt;/nowiki&gt;latex&quot; nyɛla ban simsi ni bi mali bini zaŋ polyurethane ni din pahi pahi n mali kuri bi bukaata. or other &lt;ref name=&quot;Hat2007&quot; /&gt; Paɣaba dina maa nyɛla bini zaŋ &quot;polyurethane&quot; n mali shɛli, ka be ni tooi di zaɣ'yini n ku bukaata bu shɛm zuɣu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sp2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Speroff|first=Leon|last2=Darney|first2=Philip D.|title=A Clinical Guide for Contraception|date=2011|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|isbn=9781608316106|pages=305–307|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f5XJtYkiJ0YC&amp;pg=PT420|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114203840/https://books.google.com/books?id=f5XJtYkiJ0YC|archive-date=2016-11-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Condomnima ŋo piribu nyɛla din pili tum yuuni 1564.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hat2007&quot; /&gt; Ka bi ni zaŋ loba mali shɛŋa la daa yina yuuni 1855, n zaŋ bini zaŋ &quot;latex&quot; mali shɛŋa la pa yuuni 1920 saha.&lt;ref name=&quot;Al2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Allen|first=Michael J.|title=The Anthem Anthology of Victorian Sonnets|date=2011|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=9781843318484|page=51|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GQxdE8Ryz9YC&amp;pg=PR51|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mc2000&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=McKibbin|first=Ross|title=Classes and Cultures: England 1918–1951|date=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780198208556|page=305|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xYuoPxzjnXUC&amp;pg=PA305|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;Di nyɛla din pahi duniya yaanga zuɣu alaafeei tuma duu &quot;World Health Organization&quot; ni pu ti shɛŋa ni di niŋ talahi la puuni yini. Di nyɛla binshɛli niriba ban be tingbana din lɛbigi ni zoogi ka bi mali kuri bukaata n gari tigbana din be lɛbigi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ch2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Chen|first=Lincoln C.|last2=Amor|first2=Jaime Sepulveda|last3=Segal|first3=Sheldon J.|title=AIDS and Women's Reproductive Health|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=9781461533542|page=6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8KWvBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA6|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>981h4he9pbb5e3k61y4lo5e53wsbzof</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Suicide</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32900</id>
    <revision>
      <id>135844</id>
      <parentid>130756</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T13:32:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135844</origin>
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      <text bytes="7898" sha1="ctbqirt67fsy68fu6gk2pnraob55t7m" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>ctbqirt67fsy68fu6gk2pnraob55t7m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135845</id>
      <parentid>135844</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T13:39:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lebigibu</comment>
      <origin>135845</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8478" sha1="giz7e4oxrdq5jolr1yuf29zpu5p0rky" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din zooi ka nirba malili n yihiri be maŋ nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee n wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi n doli so shɛli din bɛ yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>giz7e4oxrdq5jolr1yuf29zpu5p0rky</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135846</id>
      <parentid>135845</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T13:46:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lebigibu</comment>
      <origin>135846</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8603" sha1="sk1m6ao2rqiar3r2ikz96ssmekl4kwq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>sk1m6ao2rqiar3r2ikz96ssmekl4kwq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135847</id>
      <parentid>135846</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T13:59:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135847</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8981" sha1="49e9ga9lqp2r05fk2qg6o9e1c6lkdix" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>49e9ga9lqp2r05fk2qg6o9e1c6lkdix</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135848</id>
      <parentid>135847</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:12:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135848</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9228" sha1="o5z2y8bmd5pkshr5frfujdncm1zbvnq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi 

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>o5z2y8bmd5pkshr5frfujdncm1zbvnq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135849</id>
      <parentid>135848</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:14:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135849</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9688" sha1="sa20t7t5c8sjjfqug4jdbtq6i1bn9cc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>sa20t7t5c8sjjfqug4jdbtq6i1bn9cc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135850</id>
      <parentid>135849</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:16:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135850</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10126" sha1="d0v5fv3gg3okk8nlaq55w8tbmx8rrjb" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>d0v5fv3gg3okk8nlaq55w8tbmx8rrjb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135851</id>
      <parentid>135850</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:24:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135851</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10245" sha1="6hx90ttyw8cl2z9yhokbrgeeikqwrga" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt; 

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>6hx90ttyw8cl2z9yhokbrgeeikqwrga</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135852</id>
      <parentid>135851</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:26:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila kundi vihira</comment>
      <origin>135852</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10507" sha1="dgg8ualer0jt6lhd3738j4dan9jwvri" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>dgg8ualer0jt6lhd3738j4dan9jwvri</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135853</id>
      <parentid>135852</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:30:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135853</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10821" sha1="a3cdlcizdbokc03pqceg8xq4qulb1ko" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>a3cdlcizdbokc03pqceg8xq4qulb1ko</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135854</id>
      <parentid>135853</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:34:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135854</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10943" sha1="fcj30qc1rxhkg6dx576gqad8kmoien4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>fcj30qc1rxhkg6dx576gqad8kmoien4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135857</id>
      <parentid>135854</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:40:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135857</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11270" sha1="bfkmd7jybmewvtza4hqgggijde28jb8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>bfkmd7jybmewvtza4hqgggijde28jb8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135861</id>
      <parentid>135857</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:45:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135861</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11521" sha1="ewhxvjtjv1kw6g1f5idk5msd2w9r8zx" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>ewhxvjtjv1kw6g1f5idk5msd2w9r8zx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135862</id>
      <parentid>135861</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T14:48:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135862</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11994" sha1="16t27fboxjowwe84f06ouhn7jvo6ahq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>16t27fboxjowwe84f06ouhn7jvo6ahq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135864</id>
      <parentid>135862</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T15:00:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135864</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12366" sha1="s5wluctbhdo62cc6n85w65094dbhu9h" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>s5wluctbhdo62cc6n85w65094dbhu9h</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135865</id>
      <parentid>135864</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T15:05:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
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      <text bytes="12788" sha1="epgr7mas9gdbbtnkbc2g6lrjr374i7u" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>epgr7mas9gdbbtnkbc2g6lrjr374i7u</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135866</id>
      <parentid>135865</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T15:11:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12899" sha1="q7qkhexhynhhwrudxip45gdng1xyx5u" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbampiela tingbanni, maŋa kubu tilimbu nyɛla din zooi bipola paɣ'sara ni nachimba ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>q7qkhexhynhhwrudxip45gdng1xyx5u</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135867</id>
      <parentid>135866</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T15:27:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13929" sha1="rpicxz340sjewdd4001uugflh2js3mk" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbampiela tingbanni, maŋa kubu tilimbu nyɛla din zooi bipola paɣ'sara ni nachimba ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot; /&gt;

Ninsalima nyɛbu zaŋ chaŋ maŋa kubu polo nyɛla din dalim adiini, sala zaa biehigu ni, ni sala hankali zaŋ chaŋ biɛhigu polo&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Tomer|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|title=Existential and Spiritual Issues in Death Attitudes|date=2013|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-1-136-67690-1|page=282|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060929/https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|title=The Wiley-Blackwell companion to major social theorists|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4443-9660-7|editor-last=Ritzer|editor-first=George|location=Malden, MA|page=65|access-date=2020-08-08|editor-last2=Stepnisky|editor-first2=Jeffrey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060833/https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>rpicxz340sjewdd4001uugflh2js3mk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135868</id>
      <parentid>135867</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T15:30:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lebigibu</comment>
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      <text bytes="14487" sha1="ipmg5pkzlct667ao0ngwd0irk0kyacm" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbampiela tingbanni, maŋa kubu tilimbu nyɛla din zooi bipola paɣ'sara ni nachimba ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot; /&gt;

Ninsalima nyɛbu zaŋ chaŋ maŋa kubu polo nyɛla din dalim adiini, sala zaa biehigu ni, ni sala hankali zaŋ chaŋ biɛhigu polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Tomer|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|title=Existential and Spiritual Issues in Death Attitudes|date=2013|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-1-136-67690-1|page=282|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060929/https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|title=The Wiley-Blackwell companion to major social theorists|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4443-9660-7|editor-last=Ritzer|editor-first=George|location=Malden, MA|page=65|access-date=2020-08-08|editor-last2=Stepnisky|editor-first2=Jeffrey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060833/https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Anbi Ibrahima ni O yaansi daadiini nima nyɛla maŋa kubu ka di nyɛ taali zaŋ chaŋ Naawuni sani, domini bɛ dihitabili ni jilin shɛli bɛ ni mali zaŋ ti nyɛvuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|title=God, Religion, Science, Nature, Culture, and Morality|date=2014|publisher=Archway Publishing|isbn=978-1-4808-1124-9|page=254|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060814/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>ipmg5pkzlct667ao0ngwd0irk0kyacm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135892</id>
      <parentid>135868</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:32:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135892</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14488" sha1="tocgpxcvqjgnv61hsw0cjdlxmvvmtxv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbampiela tingbanni, maŋa kubu tilimbu nyɛla din zooi bipola paɣ'sara ni nachimba ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot; /&gt;

Ninsalima nyɛbu zaŋ chaŋ maŋa kubu polo nyɛla din dalim adiini, sala zaa biehigu ni, ni sala hankali zaŋ chaŋ biɛhigu polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Tomer|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|title=Existential and Spiritual Issues in Death Attitudes|date=2013|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-1-136-67690-1|page=282|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060929/https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|title=The Wiley-Blackwell companion to major social theorists|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4443-9660-7|editor-last=Ritzer|editor-first=George|location=Malden, MA|page=65|access-date=2020-08-08|editor-last2=Stepnisky|editor-first2=Jeffrey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060833/https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Anbi Ibrahima ni O yaansi daadiini nima nyɛla maŋa kubu ka di nyɛ taali zaŋ chaŋ Naawuni sani, domini bɛ dihitabili ni jilin shɛli bɛ ni mali zaŋ ti nyɛvuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|title=God, Religion, Science, Nature, Culture, and Morality|date=2014|publisher=Archway Publishing|isbn=978-1-4808-1124-9|page=254|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060814/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>tocgpxcvqjgnv61hsw0cjdlxmvvmtxv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135893</id>
      <parentid>135892</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:41:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135893</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14697" sha1="gnqa9m9jprhn62x0bj9tbvez7sl1o1i" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbampiela tingbanni, maŋa kubu tilimbu nyɛla din zooi bipola paɣ'sara ni nachimba ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot; /&gt;

Ninsalima nyɛbu zaŋ chaŋ maŋa kubu polo nyɛla din dalim adiini, sala zaa biehigu ni, ni sala hankali zaŋ chaŋ biɛhigu polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Tomer|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|title=Existential and Spiritual Issues in Death Attitudes|date=2013|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-1-136-67690-1|page=282|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060929/https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|title=The Wiley-Blackwell companion to major social theorists|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4443-9660-7|editor-last=Ritzer|editor-first=George|location=Malden, MA|page=65|access-date=2020-08-08|editor-last2=Stepnisky|editor-first2=Jeffrey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060833/https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Anbi Ibrahima ni O yaansi daadiini nima nyɛla maŋa kubu ka di nyɛ taali zaŋ chaŋ Naawuni sani, domini bɛ dihitabili ni jilin shɛli bɛ ni mali zaŋ ti nyɛvuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|title=God, Religion, Science, Nature, Culture, and Morality|date=2014|publisher=Archway Publishing|isbn=978-1-4808-1124-9|page=254|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060814/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Japan Samurai saha, maŋa kubu shɛli daa bɛni ka bɛ boonili seppuku(harakiri), lala maŋa kubu ŋo maa daa nyɛla so shɛli bɛni mali yiri bɛ maŋa vi ni, ka lahi mali n wuhiri sujee&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot; /&gt; 

== Reference ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>gnqa9m9jprhn62x0bj9tbvez7sl1o1i</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135894</id>
      <parentid>135893</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:47:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135894</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14915" sha1="myoi7a5tokh4feltgda3evfrvs01od3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbampiela tingbanni, maŋa kubu tilimbu nyɛla din zooi bipola paɣ'sara ni nachimba ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot; /&gt;

Ninsalima nyɛbu zaŋ chaŋ maŋa kubu polo nyɛla din dalim adiini, sala zaa biehigu ni, ni sala hankali zaŋ chaŋ biɛhigu polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Tomer|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|title=Existential and Spiritual Issues in Death Attitudes|date=2013|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-1-136-67690-1|page=282|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060929/https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|title=The Wiley-Blackwell companion to major social theorists|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4443-9660-7|editor-last=Ritzer|editor-first=George|location=Malden, MA|page=65|access-date=2020-08-08|editor-last2=Stepnisky|editor-first2=Jeffrey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060833/https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Anbi Ibrahima ni O yaansi daadiini nima nyɛla maŋa kubu ka di nyɛ taali zaŋ chaŋ Naawuni sani, domini bɛ dihitabili ni jilin shɛli bɛ ni mali zaŋ ti nyɛvuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|title=God, Religion, Science, Nature, Culture, and Morality|date=2014|publisher=Archway Publishing|isbn=978-1-4808-1124-9|page=254|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060814/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Japan Samurai saha, maŋa kubu shɛli daa bɛni ka bɛ boonili seppuku(harakiri), lala maŋa kubu ŋo maa daa nyɛla so shɛli bɛni mali yiri bɛ maŋa vi ni, ka lahi mali n wuhiri sujee&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot; /&gt; Sati, niŋsim shɛli British Raj zalikpana ni daa yihi, daa nyɛla din daa puhiri India pakoli ni O ku O maŋa O yidana kuli buɣum ni, O suhu yi bora bee ka o daŋ ni O ʒileli niraba gari O yaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; 

== Reference ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>myoi7a5tokh4feltgda3evfrvs01od3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135895</id>
      <parentid>135894</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:54:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135895</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15074" sha1="a3cio79nn5d73tc3ayibyn18fdzwczt" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbampiela tingbanni, maŋa kubu tilimbu nyɛla din zooi bipola paɣ'sara ni nachimba ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot; /&gt;

Ninsalima nyɛbu zaŋ chaŋ maŋa kubu polo nyɛla din dalim adiini, sala zaa biehigu ni, ni sala hankali zaŋ chaŋ biɛhigu polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Tomer|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|title=Existential and Spiritual Issues in Death Attitudes|date=2013|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-1-136-67690-1|page=282|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060929/https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|title=The Wiley-Blackwell companion to major social theorists|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4443-9660-7|editor-last=Ritzer|editor-first=George|location=Malden, MA|page=65|access-date=2020-08-08|editor-last2=Stepnisky|editor-first2=Jeffrey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060833/https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Anbi Ibrahima ni O yaansi daadiini nima nyɛla maŋa kubu ka di nyɛ taali zaŋ chaŋ Naawuni sani, domini bɛ dihitabili ni jilin shɛli bɛ ni mali zaŋ ti nyɛvuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|title=God, Religion, Science, Nature, Culture, and Morality|date=2014|publisher=Archway Publishing|isbn=978-1-4808-1124-9|page=254|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060814/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Japan Samurai saha, maŋa kubu shɛli daa bɛni ka bɛ boonili seppuku(harakiri), lala maŋa kubu ŋo maa daa nyɛla so shɛli bɛni mali yiri bɛ maŋa vi ni, ka lahi mali n wuhiri sujee&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot; /&gt; Sati, niŋsim shɛli British Raj zalikpana ni daa yihi, daa nyɛla din daa puhiri India pakoli ni O ku O maŋa O yidana kuli buɣum ni, O suhu yi bora bee ka o daŋ ni O ʒileli niraba gari O yaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu mini tilim maŋa kubu daa nyɛla zalikpana ni bɛ saɣiti shɛli, amaa saha ŋo di lahi pa lala gbampiela tingbana pam puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot; /&gt; 

== Reference ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>a3cio79nn5d73tc3ayibyn18fdzwczt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135896</id>
      <parentid>135895</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:55:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>malila bia bahibu niŋ</comment>
      <origin>135896</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15075" sha1="jvsh12waazd6g3tarsmqm5dzoi8jw4m" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbampiela tingbanni, maŋa kubu tilimbu nyɛla din zooi bipola paɣ'sara ni nachimba ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot; /&gt;

Ninsalima nyɛbu zaŋ chaŋ maŋa kubu polo nyɛla din dalim adiini, sala zaa biehigu ni, ni sala hankali zaŋ chaŋ biɛhigu polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Tomer|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|title=Existential and Spiritual Issues in Death Attitudes|date=2013|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-1-136-67690-1|page=282|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060929/https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|title=The Wiley-Blackwell companion to major social theorists|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4443-9660-7|editor-last=Ritzer|editor-first=George|location=Malden, MA|page=65|access-date=2020-08-08|editor-last2=Stepnisky|editor-first2=Jeffrey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060833/https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Anbi Ibrahima ni O yaansi daadiini nima nyɛla maŋa kubu ka di nyɛ taali zaŋ chaŋ Naawuni sani, domini bɛ dihitabili ni jilin shɛli bɛ ni mali zaŋ ti nyɛvuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|title=God, Religion, Science, Nature, Culture, and Morality|date=2014|publisher=Archway Publishing|isbn=978-1-4808-1124-9|page=254|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060814/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Japan Samurai saha, maŋa kubu shɛli daa bɛni ka bɛ boonili seppuku(harakiri), lala maŋa kubu ŋo maa daa nyɛla so shɛli bɛni mali yiri bɛ maŋa vi ni, ka lahi mali n wuhiri sujee&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot; /&gt; Sati, niŋsim shɛli British Raj zalikpana ni daa yihi, daa nyɛla din daa puhiri India pakoli ni O ku O maŋa O yidana kuli buɣum ni, O suhu yi bora bee ka o daŋ ni O ʒileli niraba gari O yaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu mini tilim maŋa kubu daa nyɛla zalikpana ni bɛ saɣiti shɛli, amaa saha ŋo di lahi pa lala gbampiela tingbana pam puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot; /&gt; 

== Reference ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>jvsh12waazd6g3tarsmqm5dzoi8jw4m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135897</id>
      <parentid>135896</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:56:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135897</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15151" sha1="23j759fh0rspoiyw2irvg42t5hn1k3k" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbampiela tingbanni, maŋa kubu tilimbu nyɛla din zooi bipola paɣ'sara ni nachimba ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot; /&gt;

Ninsalima nyɛbu zaŋ chaŋ maŋa kubu polo nyɛla din dalim adiini, sala zaa biehigu ni, ni sala hankali zaŋ chaŋ biɛhigu polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Tomer|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|title=Existential and Spiritual Issues in Death Attitudes|date=2013|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-1-136-67690-1|page=282|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060929/https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|title=The Wiley-Blackwell companion to major social theorists|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4443-9660-7|editor-last=Ritzer|editor-first=George|location=Malden, MA|page=65|access-date=2020-08-08|editor-last2=Stepnisky|editor-first2=Jeffrey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060833/https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Anbi Ibrahima ni O yaansi daadiini nima nyɛla maŋa kubu ka di nyɛ taali zaŋ chaŋ Naawuni sani, domini bɛ dihitabili ni jilin shɛli bɛ ni mali zaŋ ti nyɛvuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|title=God, Religion, Science, Nature, Culture, and Morality|date=2014|publisher=Archway Publishing|isbn=978-1-4808-1124-9|page=254|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060814/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Japan Samurai saha, maŋa kubu shɛli daa bɛni ka bɛ boonili seppuku(harakiri), lala maŋa kubu ŋo maa daa nyɛla so shɛli bɛni mali yiri bɛ maŋa vi ni, ka lahi mali n wuhiri sujee&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot; /&gt; Sati, niŋsim shɛli British Raj zalikpana ni daa yihi, daa nyɛla din daa puhiri India pakoli ni O ku O maŋa O yidana kuli buɣum ni, O suhu yi bora bee ka o daŋ ni O ʒileli niraba gari O yaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu mini tilim maŋa kubu daa nyɛla zalikpana ni bɛ saɣiti shɛli, amaa saha ŋo di lahi pa lala gbampiela tingbana pam puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot; /&gt; Di na kuli nyɛla bibiɛlim tingbani shɛŋa puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; 

== Reference ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>23j759fh0rspoiyw2irvg42t5hn1k3k</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135902</id>
      <parentid>135897</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T17:06:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Knowledge and philosophy</username>
        <id>2987</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pahila lɛbigibu</comment>
      <origin>135902</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15444" sha1="dxnyczsrmvx4nssebyutusxudgnaj1l" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
|name             =Suicide
|synonym          =
|image            =Édouard Manet - Le Suicidé (ca. 1877).jpg
|image_size       =
|image_thumbtime  =
|alt              =
|caption          =''[[Le Suicidé|The Suicide]]'' by [[Édouard Manet]]
|pronounce        =
|specialty        =[[Psychiatry]]
|symptoms         =
|onset            =&gt;70 and 15–30 years old&lt;ref name=WHO2014Pre&gt;{{cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|duration         =
|causes           =[[Hanging]], [[pesticide poisoning]], [[gun|firearms]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Aj2008&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W | title = Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 86 | issue = 9 | pages = 726–32 | date = September 2008 | pmid = 18797649 | pmc = 2649482 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.07.043489 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|risks            =[[Major depressive disorder|Depression]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[autism]], [[schizophrenia]], [[personality disorder]]s, [[anxiety disorder]]s, [[alcoholism]], [[substance abuse]]&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Hawton2009/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = De La Vega D, Giner L, Courtet P| s2cid = 4549236 | title = Suicidality in Subjects With Anxiety or Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: Recent Advances | journal = Current Psychiatry Reports | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 26 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29594718 | doi = 10.1007/s11920-018-0885-z }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Autism2014/&gt;
|diagnosis        =
|differential     =
|prevention       =Limiting access to methods of suicide, treating mental disorders and substance misuse, careful [[Mass media|media]] reporting about suicide, improving social and economic conditions&lt;ref name=WHO2016/&gt;
|treatment        =
|medication       =
|prognosis        =
|frequency        =12 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=Var2012&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Värnik P | title = Suicide in the world | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 760–71 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22690161 | pmc = 3367275 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph9030760 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|deaths           =793,000 / 1.5% of deaths (2016)&lt;ref name=WHO2019Epi&gt;{{cite web | title=Suicide across the world (2016) | website=World Health Organization | date=2019-09-27 | url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | access-date=2019-10-16 | archive-date=2004-07-01 | archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20040701084208/http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/suicideprevent/en/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NEJM2020&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B |s2cid=210332277 |title=Suicide |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=January 2020 |volume=382 |issue=3 |pages=266–74 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''Maŋa Kubu''' nyɛla ninsala sheda n-di O maŋ'maŋa nyavuli.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sted2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Stedman's Medical Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/stedmansmedicald00sted_3|url-access=registration|year=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-3390-8|edition=28th}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hankali bɛ za dede kamani suhusaɣingu,yinyahali, lihiʒiem maŋa, ni bin yara nyubu kamani dam, ni ti biɛri nyɛla din vuri nira n miri ti li.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawton K, van Heeringen K|title=Suicide|journal=Lancet|volume=373|issue=9672|pages=1372–81|date=April 2009|pmid=19376453|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60372-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dod2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Dodds TJ|title=Prescribed Benzodiazepines and Suicide Risk: A Review of the Literature|journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders|volume=19|issue=2|date=March 2017|pmid=28257172|doi=10.4088/PCC.16r02037|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Autism2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Richa S, Fahed M, Khoury E, Mishara B|title=Suicide in autism spectrum disorders|journal=Archives of Suicide Research|volume=18|issue=4|pages=327–39|date=2014|pmid=24713024|doi=10.1080/13811118.2013.824834}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa  kubu shɛŋa nyɛ la din yirina yɛli muɣisira ni na kaman fara, yali muɣisira niraba sunsuuni kaman taba chɛbu, bee nahingu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS|title=Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review|journal=Cadernos de Saude Publica|volume=31|issue=3|pages=463–75|date=March 2015|pmid=25859714|doi=10.1590/0102-311x00036114|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide rates rising across the U.S. {{!}} CDC Online Newsroom {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=19 September 2019|language=en-us|date=11 April 2019|quote=Relationship problems or loss, substance misuse; physical health problems; and job, money, legal or housing stress often contributed to risk for suicide.|archive-date=9 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509013348/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0607-suicide-prevention.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninvuɣu sheba ban min pun buɣisi bɛ mansi kubu nyɛla bana zoogi ka bɛ ni tooi lahi buɣisili sohibiɛɣu ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu gu ka taɣi sochibsi puuni n-nyɛ di gu nira ka che bin shɛŋa O ni ni tooi n-zaŋ di O maŋa nyɛvuli kaman malifa nima, tima,posin nima, hankali miligibu tibbu, gu ka taɣi bin yɛri bieri nyubu,maa maŋa n-wuligi maŋa kubu lahabaya, ni sochibsi din ni niŋ biɛhigu soochi n ti niriba.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Suicide Fact sheet N°398|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|website=WHO|access-date=3 March 2016|date=April 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192347/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs398/en/|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|title=Preventing Suicide A Resource for Media Professionals|last=|first=|year=2008|isbn=978-92-4-159707-4|location=|pages=|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2021-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829073711/https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/suicide/resource_media.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛli biɛri ʒibuna nyɛla din niŋ bayana, amaa vihigu zaŋ chaŋ dipolo nyɛla din bɛ zooi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sak2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Sakinofsky I|title=The current evidence base for the clinical care of suicidal patients: strengths and weaknesses|journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry|volume=52|issue=6 Suppl 1|pages=7S–20S|date=June 2007|pmid=17824349|quote=Other suicide prevention strategies that have been considered are crisis centres and hotlines, method control, and media education... There is minimal research on these strategies. Even though crisis centres and hotlines are used by suicidal youth, information about their impact on suicidal behaviour is lacking.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zal2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, Carli V, Höschl C, Barzilay R, Balazs J, Purebl G, Kahn JP, Sáiz PA, Lipsicas CB, Bobes J, Cozman D, Hegerl U, Zohar J|display-authors=6|title=Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review|journal=The Lancet. Psychiatry|volume=3|issue=7|pages=646–59|date=July 2016|pmid=27289303|doi=10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30030-X|quote=Other approaches that need further investigation include gatekeeper training, education of physicians, and internet and helpline support.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

So shɛŋa din ku zooi pam ka niriba malili n yihiri be mansi nyevuya nyɛla din zooi, ka lee wali n doli tingbana, ka tooi doli so shɛli din be yoma ka mali yaa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yip|first=Paul SF|last2=Caine|first2=Eric|last3=Yousuf|first3=Saman|last4=Chang|first4=Shu-Sen|last5=Wu|first5=Kevin Chien-Chang|last6=Chen|first6=Ying-Yeh|date=2012-06|title=Means restriction for suicide prevention|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673612605212|journal=The Lancet|language=en|volume=379|issue=9834|pages=2393–2399|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60521-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu so shɛŋa din niŋ bayana puuni n nyɛ, mia yilibu, poʒin nyubu, ni malifa&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aj2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Ajdacic-Gross V, Weiss MG, Ring M, Hepp U, Bopp M, Gutzwiller F, Rössler W|date=September 2008|title=Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=86|issue=9|pages=726–32|doi=10.2471/BLT.07.043489|pmc=2649482|pmid=18797649}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa nyɛvuli yihibu nyɛla din daa tahi ninvuɣ'tuhu kobsinii ni pihita ayika(828,000)  kum na duniya yaaŋa zuɣu yuuni 2015, ŋo maa daa nyɛla din zooi n gari kum shɛli dini daa tahina yuuni 1990 ka daa nyɛ kobi tusa apoin ni piiya ni ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015De&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016|pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal|title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=385|issue=9963|pages=117–71|date=January 2015|pmid=25530442|pmc=4340604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ŋo maa che ka maŋ kubu do piya zuɣu yɛli shɛŋa din kuri niriba duniya yaaŋa zuɣu zaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hawton2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Värnik P|title=Suicide in the world|journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health|volume=9|issue=3|pages=760–71|date=March 2012|pmid=22690161|pmc=3367275|doi=10.3390/ijerph9030760}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kamani niriba vaabu yim ni pirigili kobiga puuni (1.5%) n kpiri maŋa kubu puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Fazel S, Runeson B|date=January 2020|title=Suicide|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=382|issue=3|pages=266–74|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1902944|pmid=31940700|s2cid=210332277}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni pulini lala ŋo maa kuli paai niraba piiya ni ayi(12) kpibu niraba tuhi kobiga(100,000) puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu shɛna din nyɛri nasara zooya ka di galisi dabba ni n gari paɣaba ni, ka lahi zooi tingbani shɛŋa din pun ɛbigi ni n gari tingbani shɛŋa din na lɛbigira ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Preventing suicide: a global imperative|date=2014|publisher=WHO|isbn=978-92-4-156477-9|pages=7, 20, 40}}&lt;/ref&gt;Maŋa kubu nyɛla din zooi ninvuɣu shɛba ban yaɣi yuumpisopoin ni, amaa tingban shɛna ni, ninvuɣu shɛba ban yuma nyɛ piiya ni anu(15) zaŋ chaŋ pihita(30) nyɛla ban bɛ hali shɛŋa ni din ni vuba mirili n gari sokam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Duniya yaɣa pubu puuni, Europe n daa nyɛ yaɣ'shɛli din mali maŋa kubu n gari yaɣ'shɛŋa din kpalim maa zaa yuuni 2015.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|title=Suicide rates per (100 000 population)|website=World Health Organization|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-date=2018-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174425/http://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/suicide_rates_crude/en/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Laasabu wuhiya ni maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ tahiri kumna yuuni kam pulini  paai million pia(10 million) zaŋ chaŋ million pishi (20 million)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bertolote JM, Fleischmann A|date=October 2002|title=Suicide and psychiatric diagnosis: a worldwide perspective|journal=World Psychiatry|volume=1|issue=3|pages=181–5|pmc=1489848|pmid=16946849}}&lt;/ref&gt; Maŋa kubu tilimbu din bɛ ʒi kumna nyɛla din ni tooi ʒi yuma na ni gbariginsim din ni niŋ dawama.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chang B, Gitlin D, Patel R|title=The depressed patient and suicidal patient in the emergency department: evidence-based management and treatment strategies|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|volume=13|issue=9|pages=1–23; quiz 23–4|date=September 2011|pmid=22164363}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbampiela tingbanni, maŋa kubu tilimbu nyɛla din zooi bipola paɣ'sara ni nachimba ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;EB2011&quot; /&gt;

Ninsalima nyɛbu zaŋ chaŋ maŋa kubu polo nyɛla din dalim adiini, sala zaa biehigu ni, ni sala hankali zaŋ chaŋ biɛhigu polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Tomer|first=Adrian|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|title=Existential and Spiritual Issues in Death Attitudes|date=2013|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-1-136-67690-1|page=282|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060929/https://books.google.com/books?id=hJTruwsicuoC&amp;pg=PA282|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|title=The Wiley-Blackwell companion to major social theorists|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4443-9660-7|editor-last=Ritzer|editor-first=George|location=Malden, MA|page=65|access-date=2020-08-08|editor-last2=Stepnisky|editor-first2=Jeffrey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060833/https://books.google.com/books?id=MDwdmVUMIh8C&amp;pg=PA65|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Anbi Ibrahima ni O yaansi daadiini nima nyɛla maŋa kubu ka di nyɛ taali zaŋ chaŋ Naawuni sani, domini bɛ dihitabili ni jilin shɛli bɛ ni mali zaŋ ti nyɛvuli.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|title=God, Religion, Science, Nature, Culture, and Morality|date=2014|publisher=Archway Publishing|isbn=978-1-4808-1124-9|page=254|access-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523060814/https://books.google.com/books?id=xGGVBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA254|archive-date=2020-05-23|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Japan Samurai saha, maŋa kubu shɛli daa bɛni ka bɛ boonili seppuku(harakiri), lala maŋa kubu ŋo maa daa nyɛla so shɛli bɛni mali yiri bɛ maŋa vi ni, ka lahi mali n wuhiri sujee&lt;ref name=&quot;GDB2013&quot; /&gt; Sati, niŋsim shɛli British Raj zalikpana ni daa yihi, daa nyɛla din daa puhiri India pakoli ni O ku O maŋa O yidana kuli buɣum ni, O suhu yi bora bee ka o daŋ ni O ʒileli niraba gari O yaa&lt;ref name=&quot;Var2012&quot; /&gt; Maŋa kubu mini tilim maŋa kubu daa nyɛla zalikpana ni bɛ saɣiti shɛli, amaa saha ŋo di lahi pa lala gbampiela tingbana pam puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;NEJM2020&quot; /&gt; Di na kuli nyɛla bibiɛlim tingbani shɛŋa puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2014Pre&quot; /&gt; Yuma din gari (20th and 21st cebturies), maŋa kubu daa nyɛla din niŋda chirigili, m mali wuhiri niriba sujee din yɛn va hankaya n kana yɛli shɛeŋa polo. Kamikaze mini maŋa ku n tabili niriba(suicide bombing) nyɛla linjima mini bibielim niŋbu baŋsim para.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; 

== Reference ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <title>Kpuribu</title>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1456951|Hearing loss]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="11190" sha1="iv4s3bjhsyezmq17soizbunum044lls" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Hearing loss|synonym=Hearing impaired, Hard of hearing; anakusis or anacusis is total deafness&lt;ref name=&quot;Dorlands&quot;&gt;{{Citation |author=Elsevier |author-link=Elsevier |title=Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary |publisher=Elsevier |url=http://dorlands.com/ |postscript=. |access-date=2020-08-06 |archive-date=2014-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111192614/http://dorlands.com/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|image=Deafness and hard of hearing symbol.png|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=A stylized white ear, with two white bars surrounding it, on a blue background.|caption=The international symbol of deafness and hearing loss|pronounce=|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]], [[audiology]]|symptoms=Decreased ability to hear|onset=|duration=|causes=[[Genetics]], [[aging]], [[Noise-induced hearing loss|exposure to noise]], some [[infection]]s, birth complications, trauma to the ear, certain medications or toxins&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;|risks=|diagnosis=[[Hearing tests]]|differential=|prevention=[[Immunization]], proper care around [[pregnancy]], avoiding loud noise, avoiding certain medications&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;|treatment=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[sign language]], [[cochlear implants]], [[Subtitle (captioning)|subtitles]]&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1.33 billion / 18.5% (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre&gt;{{cite journal | author = Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators | title = Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 | journal = Lancet | volume = 388 | issue = 10053 | pages = 1545–1602 | date = October 2016 | pmid = 27733282 | pmc = 5055577 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Kpuribu''', bee '''tibili kpuribu''', nyɛla di yi ti niŋ ka niri kpuri wumbu zaasa bee bela. Ninvuhiso ŋun kpuri wumbu bɛ yahi lala bee bɛ ku tooi lahi n-wum shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu ni tooi niŋ tibi yini bee dibaayi maa zaa puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt; Bihi puuni, wumbu yɛlimuɣisira nyɛla din ni tooi n-dam bɛ balli bɔhimbu polo yaha, zaɣa kura gba puuni, di nyɛla din ni tooi n-dam bɛ ninsali sili polo zaŋ jandi bɛ mini bɛ ʒiʒiininima n-ti pahi bɛ tuma ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Las20142&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu nyɛla din n tooi niŋ ka labi na bee ka bɛ lahi n labi na. Kpuribu din jandi yuma bee kuriginsim nyɛla din tooi niŋdi tibaayi maa puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Sch20172&quot; /&gt; Ninvuhi shɛba ni, kamani ninkura, kpuribu nyɛla din ni tooi che bɛ be bɛ konko saha shƐli kam bee n-kɔŋ bɛ zonima&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt;

Hearing loss may be caused by a number of factors, including: genetics, ageing, exposure to noise, some [[Infection|infections]], birth complications, trauma to the ear, and certain medications or toxins.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=March 2015|title=Deafness and hearing loss Fact sheet N°300|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150516054114/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/|archive-date=16 May 2015|access-date=23 May 2015|website=}}&lt;/ref&gt; A common condition that results in hearing loss is [[Otitis media|chronic ear infections]].&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; Certain infections during pregnancy, such as cytomegalovirus, [[syphilis]] and rubella, may also cause hearing loss in the child.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Fowler KB|title=Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: audiologic outcome|journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases|volume=57 Suppl 4|issue=suppl_4|pages=S182-4|date=December 2013|pmid=24257423|pmc=3836573|doi=10.1093/cid/cit609}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hearing loss is diagnosed when hearing testing finds that a person is unable to hear 25 decibels in at least one ear.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; Testing for poor hearing is recommended for all newborns.&lt;ref name=&quot;Las2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Lasak JM, Allen P, McVay T, Lewis D|title=Hearing loss: diagnosis and management|journal=Primary Care|volume=41|issue=1|pages=19–31|date=March 2014|pmid=24439878|doi=10.1016/j.pop.2013.10.003}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hearing loss can be categorized as mild (25 to 40 dB), moderate (41 to 55&amp;nbsp;dB), moderate-severe (56 to 70&amp;nbsp;dB), severe (71 to 90&amp;nbsp;dB), or profound (greater than 90&amp;nbsp;dB).&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; There are three main types of hearing loss: conductive hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss, and mixed hearing loss.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sm2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|vauthors=Shearer AE, Hildebrand MS, Smith RJ|chapter=Deafness and Hereditary Hearing Loss Overview|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1434/|veditors=Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Bean LJ, Stephens K, Amemiya A|title=GeneReviews [Internet]|location=Seattle (WA)|publisher=University of Washington, Seattle|date=2014|pmid=20301607|access-date=2020-08-06|archive-date=2019-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209145225/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1434/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

About half of hearing loss globally is preventable through public health measures.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; Such practices include immunization, proper care around pregnancy, avoiding loud noise, and avoiding certain medications.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; The [[World Health Organization]] recommends that young people limit exposure to loud sounds and the use of personal audio players to an hour a day in an effort to limit exposure to noise.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015Aud&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=1.1 billion people at risk of hearing loss WHO highlights serious threat posed by exposure to recreational noise|url=http://www.who.int/pbd/deafness/activities/IECD_2015_Press_Release_EN.pdf?ua=1|website=who.int|access-date=2 March 2015|date=27 February 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501204444/http://www.who.int/pbd/deafness/activities/IECD_2015_Press_Release_EN.pdf?ua=1|archive-date=1 May 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Early identification and support are particularly important in children.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; For many hearing aids, sign language, cochlear implants and subtitles are useful.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; Lip reading is another useful skill some develop.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; Access to hearing aids, however, is limited in many areas of the world.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt;

As of 2013 hearing loss affects about 1.1 billion people to some degree.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; It causes disability in about 466 million people (5% of the global population), and moderate to severe disability in 124 million people.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Olusanya BO, Neumann KJ, Saunders JE|title=The global burden of disabling hearing impairment: a call to action|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=92|issue=5|pages=367–73|date=May 2014|pmid=24839326|pmc=4007124|doi=10.2471/blt.13.128728}}&lt;/ref&gt; Of those with moderate to severe disability 108 million live in low and middle income countries.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=WHO|title=The global burden of disease: 2004 update|year=2008|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva, Switzerland|isbn=9789241563710|pages=35|url=http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GBD_report_2004update_full.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624134606/http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GBD_report_2004update_full.pdf|archive-date=2013-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Of those with hearing loss, it began during childhood for 65 million.&lt;ref name=&quot;Peads2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Abdelaziz Y|last=Elzouki|title=Textbook of clinical pediatrics|date=2012|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn=9783642022012|pages=602|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FEf4EMjYSrgC&amp;pg=PA602|edition=2|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151214195730/https://books.google.com/books?id=FEf4EMjYSrgC&amp;pg=PA602|archive-date=2015-12-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Those who use sign language and are members of Deaf culture see themselves as having a difference rather than an illness.&lt;ref name=&quot;NAD2014&quot; /&gt; Most members of Deaf culture oppose attempts to cure deafness&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sound and Fury - Cochlear Implants - Essay|url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/soundandfury/cochlear/essay.html|website=www.pbs.org|access-date=2015-08-01|publisher=[[PBS]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706062633/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/soundandfury/cochlear/essay.html|archive-date=2015-07-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Understanding Deafness: Not Everyone Wants to Be 'Fixed'|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/08/understanding-deafness-not-everyone-wants-to-be-fixed/278527/|access-date=2015-08-01|website=www.theatlantic.com|publisher=[[The Atlantic]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150730224214/http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/08/understanding-deafness-not-everyone-wants-to-be-fixed/278527/|archive-date=2015-07-30|date=2013-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Why not all deaf people want to be cured|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|access-date=2015-08-02|work=www.telegraph.co.uk|publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153612/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|archive-date=2015-09-24|date=2012-09-13|last=Williams|first=Sally}}&lt;/ref&gt; and some within this community view cochlear implants with concern as they have the potential to eliminate their culture.&lt;ref name=&quot;Spa2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sparrow|first=Robert|title=Defending Deaf Culture: The Case of Cochlear Implants|journal=The Journal of Political Philosophy|date=2005|volume=13|issue=2|pages=135–152|url=http://profiles.arts.monash.edu.au/rob-sparrow/download/Deaf-Culture.pdf|access-date=30 November 2014|doi=10.1111/j.1467-9760.2005.00217.x|archive-date=4 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204170705/http://profiles.arts.monash.edu.au/rob-sparrow/download/Deaf-Culture.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The term &quot;hearing impairment&quot; is often viewed negatively as it emphasizes what people cannot do.&lt;ref name=&quot;NAD2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Community and Culture - Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://nad.org/issues/american-sign-language/community-and-culture-faq|website=nad.org|publisher=National Association of the Deaf|access-date=31 July 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227171131/http://nad.org/issues/american-sign-language/community-and-culture-faq|archive-date=27 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1456951|Hearing loss]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="10213" sha1="0lp7t1r14c8sywgb26h14qt5h8jdhlg" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Hearing loss|synonym=Hearing impaired, Hard of hearing; anakusis or anacusis is total deafness&lt;ref name=&quot;Dorlands&quot;&gt;{{Citation |author=Elsevier |author-link=Elsevier |title=Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary |publisher=Elsevier |url=http://dorlands.com/ |postscript=. |access-date=2020-08-06 |archive-date=2014-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111192614/http://dorlands.com/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|image=Deafness and hard of hearing symbol.png|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=A stylized white ear, with two white bars surrounding it, on a blue background.|caption=The international symbol of deafness and hearing loss|pronounce=|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]], [[audiology]]|symptoms=Decreased ability to hear|onset=|duration=|causes=[[Genetics]], [[aging]], [[Noise-induced hearing loss|exposure to noise]], some [[infection]]s, birth complications, trauma to the ear, certain medications or toxins&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;|risks=|diagnosis=[[Hearing tests]]|differential=|prevention=[[Immunization]], proper care around [[pregnancy]], avoiding loud noise, avoiding certain medications&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;|treatment=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[sign language]], [[cochlear implants]], [[Subtitle (captioning)|subtitles]]&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1.33 billion / 18.5% (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre&gt;{{cite journal | author = Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators | title = Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 | journal = Lancet | volume = 388 | issue = 10053 | pages = 1545–1602 | date = October 2016 | pmid = 27733282 | pmc = 5055577 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Kpuribu''', bee '''tibili kpuribu''', nyɛla di yi ti niŋ ka niri kpuri wumbu zaasa bee bela. Ninvuhiso ŋun kpuri wumbu bɛ yahi lala bee bɛ ku tooi lahi n-wum shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu ni tooi niŋ tibi yini bee dibaayi maa zaa puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt; Bihi puuni, wumbu yɛlimuɣisira nyɛla din ni tooi n-dam bɛ balli bɔhimbu polo yaha, zaɣa kura gba puuni, di nyɛla din ni tooi n-dam bɛ ninsali sili polo zaŋ jandi bɛ mini bɛ ʒiʒiininima n-ti pahi bɛ tuma ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Las20142&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu nyɛla din n tooi niŋ ka labi na bee ka bɛ lahi n labi na. Kpuribu din jandi yuma bee kuriginsim nyɛla din tooi niŋdi tibaayi maa puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Sch20172&quot; /&gt; Ninvuhi shɛba ni, kamani ninkura, kpuribu nyɛla din ni tooi che bɛ be bɛ konko saha shƐli kam bee n-kɔŋ bɛ zonima&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt;

Kpuribu nyɛla bin yɛra pam ni tooi tahi shɛli na, kamani kuriginsim, vuri pam wumbu, doro , dɔɣim yɛlimuɣisira, tibili daŋsi nti pahi tima.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Binshɛɣu din tooi tahiri kpuribu na n -nye Tibili dɔriti din yuui.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Dɔri' shɛŋa din yɔli n-ti paɣa puunima kamani cytomegalovirus, syphilis bee rubella, nyɛla din ni tooi tahi kpuribu na bia maa ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref /&gt; Kpuribu vihi m-baŋ dɔlila di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ zaɣim tiba maa ka niri ku tooi wum kumsim din zaɣimbu nye 25 decibels hali di nye tib' yini puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Wumbu zaɣimbu nyɛla baŋdiba ni sahi nti shɛli ni di niŋ nti bilɛɣu kam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Las20143&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu nyɛla din pubupubu nye tuuli; din bala (25 hali ni 40 dB), din paya (41 hali ni 55&amp;nbsp;dB), din kpɛm bela (56 hali ni 70&amp;nbsp;dB), din kpɛm pam(71 hali ni 90&amp;nbsp;dB), bee din gamsariya (din yahi 90&amp;nbsp;dB).&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu lahi pumi ʒibuta zuɣu ka ŋa nye: Wumbu yɛlimuɣisira kpuribu, Tibili puuni yɛlimuɣisira kpuribu, bee kpuribu din gabi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sm20142&quot; /&gt;

About half of hearing loss globally is preventable through public health measures.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=March 2015|title=Deafness and hearing loss Fact sheet N°300|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150516054114/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/|archive-date=16 May 2015|access-date=23 May 2015|website=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Such practices include immunization, proper care around pregnancy, avoiding loud noise, and avoiding certain medications.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; The [[World Health Organization]] recommends that young people limit exposure to loud sounds and the use of personal audio players to an hour a day in an effort to limit exposure to noise.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015Aud&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=1.1 billion people at risk of hearing loss WHO highlights serious threat posed by exposure to recreational noise|url=http://www.who.int/pbd/deafness/activities/IECD_2015_Press_Release_EN.pdf?ua=1|website=who.int|access-date=2 March 2015|date=27 February 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501204444/http://www.who.int/pbd/deafness/activities/IECD_2015_Press_Release_EN.pdf?ua=1|archive-date=1 May 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Early identification and support are particularly important in children.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; For many hearing aids, sign language, cochlear implants and subtitles are useful.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; Lip reading is another useful skill some develop.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt; Access to hearing aids, however, is limited in many areas of the world.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt;

As of 2013 hearing loss affects about 1.1 billion people to some degree.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; It causes disability in about 466 million people (5% of the global population), and moderate to severe disability in 124 million people.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Olusanya BO, Neumann KJ, Saunders JE|title=The global burden of disabling hearing impairment: a call to action|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=92|issue=5|pages=367–73|date=May 2014|pmid=24839326|pmc=4007124|doi=10.2471/blt.13.128728}}&lt;/ref&gt; Of those with moderate to severe disability 108 million live in low and middle income countries.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=WHO|title=The global burden of disease: 2004 update|year=2008|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva, Switzerland|isbn=9789241563710|pages=35|url=http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GBD_report_2004update_full.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624134606/http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GBD_report_2004update_full.pdf|archive-date=2013-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Of those with hearing loss, it began during childhood for 65 million.&lt;ref name=&quot;Peads2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Abdelaziz Y|last=Elzouki|title=Textbook of clinical pediatrics|date=2012|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn=9783642022012|pages=602|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FEf4EMjYSrgC&amp;pg=PA602|edition=2|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151214195730/https://books.google.com/books?id=FEf4EMjYSrgC&amp;pg=PA602|archive-date=2015-12-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Those who use sign language and are members of Deaf culture see themselves as having a difference rather than an illness.&lt;ref name=&quot;NAD2014&quot; /&gt; Most members of Deaf culture oppose attempts to cure deafness&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sound and Fury - Cochlear Implants - Essay|url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/soundandfury/cochlear/essay.html|website=www.pbs.org|access-date=2015-08-01|publisher=[[PBS]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706062633/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/soundandfury/cochlear/essay.html|archive-date=2015-07-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Understanding Deafness: Not Everyone Wants to Be 'Fixed'|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/08/understanding-deafness-not-everyone-wants-to-be-fixed/278527/|access-date=2015-08-01|website=www.theatlantic.com|publisher=[[The Atlantic]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150730224214/http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/08/understanding-deafness-not-everyone-wants-to-be-fixed/278527/|archive-date=2015-07-30|date=2013-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Why not all deaf people want to be cured|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|access-date=2015-08-02|work=www.telegraph.co.uk|publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153612/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|archive-date=2015-09-24|date=2012-09-13|last=Williams|first=Sally}}&lt;/ref&gt; and some within this community view cochlear implants with concern as they have the potential to eliminate their culture.&lt;ref name=&quot;Spa2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sparrow|first=Robert|title=Defending Deaf Culture: The Case of Cochlear Implants|journal=The Journal of Political Philosophy|date=2005|volume=13|issue=2|pages=135–152|url=http://profiles.arts.monash.edu.au/rob-sparrow/download/Deaf-Culture.pdf|access-date=30 November 2014|doi=10.1111/j.1467-9760.2005.00217.x|archive-date=4 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204170705/http://profiles.arts.monash.edu.au/rob-sparrow/download/Deaf-Culture.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The term &quot;hearing impairment&quot; is often viewed negatively as it emphasizes what people cannot do.&lt;ref name=&quot;NAD2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Community and Culture - Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://nad.org/issues/american-sign-language/community-and-culture-faq|website=nad.org|publisher=National Association of the Deaf|access-date=31 July 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227171131/http://nad.org/issues/american-sign-language/community-and-culture-faq|archive-date=27 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="9956" sha1="hgah1a7bfxu64gj9qbch3suab6ai51k" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Hearing loss|synonym=Hearing impaired, Hard of hearing; anakusis or anacusis is total deafness&lt;ref name=&quot;Dorlands&quot;&gt;{{Citation |author=Elsevier |author-link=Elsevier |title=Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary |publisher=Elsevier |url=http://dorlands.com/ |postscript=. |access-date=2020-08-06 |archive-date=2014-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111192614/http://dorlands.com/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|image=Deafness and hard of hearing symbol.png|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=A stylized white ear, with two white bars surrounding it, on a blue background.|caption=The international symbol of deafness and hearing loss|pronounce=|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]], [[audiology]]|symptoms=Decreased ability to hear|onset=|duration=|causes=[[Genetics]], [[aging]], [[Noise-induced hearing loss|exposure to noise]], some [[infection]]s, birth complications, trauma to the ear, certain medications or toxins&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;|risks=|diagnosis=[[Hearing tests]]|differential=|prevention=[[Immunization]], proper care around [[pregnancy]], avoiding loud noise, avoiding certain medications&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;|treatment=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[sign language]], [[cochlear implants]], [[Subtitle (captioning)|subtitles]]&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1.33 billion / 18.5% (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre&gt;{{cite journal | author = Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators | title = Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 | journal = Lancet | volume = 388 | issue = 10053 | pages = 1545–1602 | date = October 2016 | pmid = 27733282 | pmc = 5055577 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Kpuribu''', bee '''tibili kpuribu''', nyɛla di yi ti niŋ ka niri kpuri wumbu zaasa bee bela. Ninvuhiso ŋun kpuri wumbu bɛ yahi lala bee bɛ ku tooi lahi n-wum shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu ni tooi niŋ tibi yini bee dibaayi maa zaa puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt; Bihi puuni, wumbu yɛlimuɣisira nyɛla din ni tooi n-dam bɛ balli bɔhimbu polo yaha, zaɣa kura gba puuni, di nyɛla din ni tooi n-dam bɛ ninsali sili polo zaŋ jandi bɛ mini bɛ ʒiʒiininima n-ti pahi bɛ tuma ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Las20142&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu nyɛla din n tooi niŋ ka labi na bee ka bɛ lahi n labi na. Kpuribu din jandi yuma bee kuriginsim nyɛla din tooi niŋdi tibaayi maa puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Sch20172&quot; /&gt; Ninvuhi shɛba ni, kamani ninkura, kpuribu nyɛla din ni tooi che bɛ be bɛ konko saha shƐli kam bee n-kɔŋ bɛ zonima&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt;

Kpuribu nyɛla bin yɛra pam ni tooi tahi shɛli na, kamani kuriginsim, vuri pam wumbu, doro , dɔɣim yɛlimuɣisira, tibili daŋsi nti pahi tima.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Binshɛɣu din tooi tahiri kpuribu na n -nye Tibili dɔriti din yuui.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Dɔri' shɛŋa din yɔli n-ti paɣa puunima kamani cytomegalovirus, syphilis bee rubella, nyɛla din ni tooi tahi kpuribu na bia maa ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref /&gt; Kpuribu vihi m-baŋ dɔlila di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ zaɣim tiba maa ka niri ku tooi wum kumsim din zaɣimbu nye 25 decibels hali di nye tib' yini puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Wumbu zaɣimbu nyɛla baŋdiba ni sahi nti shɛli ni di niŋ nti bilɛɣu kam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Las20143&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu nyɛla din pubupubu nye tuuli; din bala (25 hali ni 40 dB), din paya (41 hali ni 55&amp;nbsp;dB), din kpɛm bela (56 hali ni 70&amp;nbsp;dB), din kpɛm pam(71 hali ni 90&amp;nbsp;dB), bee din gamsariya (din yahi 90&amp;nbsp;dB).&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu lahi pumi ʒibuta zuɣu ka ŋa nye: Wumbu yɛlimuɣisira kpuribu, Tibili puuni yɛlimuɣisira kpuribu, bee kpuribu din gabi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sm20142&quot; /&gt;

Kamani Kpuribu shɛhiranima pirigili nyƐla din ni tooi tahi ka gu anduniya yaangi zuɣu niri ni dɔli alaafee zali kpana.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt; Zali kpana kaman immunization, zaŋa ni alaafee zaŋ jandi puu bee vuri tahibu bee n niŋdi kantiŋ ka chɛri vuri nti pahi ti' shɛŋa chɛbu bee kantiŋ niŋbu &lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt; Anduniya yaangi zuɣu alaafee yili nima yuya ni bi' pɔla niŋ katiŋa ka che vuri n ti pahi kpatuhi shɛŋa din tahiri vuri na hali bɛ yɛn wum ŋa, bɛ di wum vuri maa n yaɣi awa yini biɛɣukulo kam puuni saha.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015Aud2&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu yomyom vihibaŋ ni tibibu nyɛla din mali anfaani pam nti bihi.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt; Wumbu kpatuɣa, pam buɣisibu, cochlear implants nti pahi subtitles nyɛla din mali soŋsim pam ni ban kpuri.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt; Nangban' piba karimbu nyɛla baŋsim shɛli din gba ni tooi n-sɔŋ zaŋ kpa kpuribu polo.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt; Tor amaa, wumbu kpatuɣa ŋa nyƐla din bɛ yɔli pam yaƔa pam anduniya yaangi zuɣu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt;

As of 2013 hearing loss affects about 1.1 billion people to some degree.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; It causes disability in about 466 million people (5% of the global population), and moderate to severe disability in 124 million people.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=March 2015|title=Deafness and hearing loss Fact sheet N°300|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150516054114/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/|archive-date=16 May 2015|access-date=23 May 2015|website=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Olusanya BO, Neumann KJ, Saunders JE|title=The global burden of disabling hearing impairment: a call to action|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=92|issue=5|pages=367–73|date=May 2014|pmid=24839326|pmc=4007124|doi=10.2471/blt.13.128728}}&lt;/ref&gt; Of those with moderate to severe disability 108 million live in low and middle income countries.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=WHO|title=The global burden of disease: 2004 update|year=2008|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva, Switzerland|isbn=9789241563710|pages=35|url=http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GBD_report_2004update_full.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624134606/http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GBD_report_2004update_full.pdf|archive-date=2013-06-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; Of those with hearing loss, it began during childhood for 65 million.&lt;ref name=&quot;Peads2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Abdelaziz Y|last=Elzouki|title=Textbook of clinical pediatrics|date=2012|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn=9783642022012|pages=602|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FEf4EMjYSrgC&amp;pg=PA602|edition=2|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151214195730/https://books.google.com/books?id=FEf4EMjYSrgC&amp;pg=PA602|archive-date=2015-12-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Those who use sign language and are members of Deaf culture see themselves as having a difference rather than an illness.&lt;ref name=&quot;NAD2014&quot; /&gt; Most members of Deaf culture oppose attempts to cure deafness&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sound and Fury - Cochlear Implants - Essay|url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/soundandfury/cochlear/essay.html|website=www.pbs.org|access-date=2015-08-01|publisher=[[PBS]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706062633/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/soundandfury/cochlear/essay.html|archive-date=2015-07-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Understanding Deafness: Not Everyone Wants to Be 'Fixed'|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/08/understanding-deafness-not-everyone-wants-to-be-fixed/278527/|access-date=2015-08-01|website=www.theatlantic.com|publisher=[[The Atlantic]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150730224214/http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/08/understanding-deafness-not-everyone-wants-to-be-fixed/278527/|archive-date=2015-07-30|date=2013-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Why not all deaf people want to be cured|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|access-date=2015-08-02|work=www.telegraph.co.uk|publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153612/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|archive-date=2015-09-24|date=2012-09-13|last=Williams|first=Sally}}&lt;/ref&gt; and some within this community view cochlear implants with concern as they have the potential to eliminate their culture.&lt;ref name=&quot;Spa2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sparrow|first=Robert|title=Defending Deaf Culture: The Case of Cochlear Implants|journal=The Journal of Political Philosophy|date=2005|volume=13|issue=2|pages=135–152|url=http://profiles.arts.monash.edu.au/rob-sparrow/download/Deaf-Culture.pdf|access-date=30 November 2014|doi=10.1111/j.1467-9760.2005.00217.x|archive-date=4 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204170705/http://profiles.arts.monash.edu.au/rob-sparrow/download/Deaf-Culture.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The term &quot;hearing impairment&quot; is often viewed negatively as it emphasizes what people cannot do.&lt;ref name=&quot;NAD2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Community and Culture - Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://nad.org/issues/american-sign-language/community-and-culture-faq|website=nad.org|publisher=National Association of the Deaf|access-date=31 July 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227171131/http://nad.org/issues/american-sign-language/community-and-culture-faq|archive-date=27 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="9513" sha1="op8l3hjh9957uesy6su1dtdejl3ouix" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Hearing loss|synonym=Hearing impaired, Hard of hearing; anakusis or anacusis is total deafness&lt;ref name=&quot;Dorlands&quot;&gt;{{Citation |author=Elsevier |author-link=Elsevier |title=Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary |publisher=Elsevier |url=http://dorlands.com/ |postscript=. |access-date=2020-08-06 |archive-date=2014-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111192614/http://dorlands.com/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|image=Deafness and hard of hearing symbol.png|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=A stylized white ear, with two white bars surrounding it, on a blue background.|caption=The international symbol of deafness and hearing loss|pronounce=|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]], [[audiology]]|symptoms=Decreased ability to hear|onset=|duration=|causes=[[Genetics]], [[aging]], [[Noise-induced hearing loss|exposure to noise]], some [[infection]]s, birth complications, trauma to the ear, certain medications or toxins&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=|first=|date=March 2015|title=Deafness and hearing loss Fact sheet N°300|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150516054114/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/|archive-date=16 May 2015|access-date=23 May 2015|website=}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=|diagnosis=[[Hearing tests]]|differential=|prevention=[[Immunization]], proper care around [[pregnancy]], avoiding loud noise, avoiding certain medications&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt;|treatment=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[sign language]], [[cochlear implants]], [[Subtitle (captioning)|subtitles]]&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015&quot; /&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1.33 billion / 18.5% (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre&gt;{{cite journal | author = Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators | title = Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 | journal = Lancet | volume = 388 | issue = 10053 | pages = 1545–1602 | date = October 2016 | pmid = 27733282 | pmc = 5055577 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Kpuribu''', bee '''tibili kpuribu''', nyɛla di yi ti niŋ ka niri kpuri wumbu zaasa bee bela. Ninvuhiso ŋun kpuri wumbu bɛ yahi lala bee bɛ ku tooi lahi n-wum shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu ni tooi niŋ tibi yini bee dibaayi maa zaa puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt; Bihi puuni, wumbu yɛlimuɣisira nyɛla din ni tooi n-dam bɛ balli bɔhimbu polo yaha, zaɣa kura gba puuni, di nyɛla din ni tooi n-dam bɛ ninsali sili polo zaŋ jandi bɛ mini bɛ ʒiʒiininima n-ti pahi bɛ tuma ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Las20142&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu nyɛla din n tooi niŋ ka labi na bee ka bɛ lahi n labi na. Kpuribu din jandi yuma bee kuriginsim nyɛla din tooi niŋdi tibaayi maa puuni&lt;ref name=&quot;Sch20172&quot; /&gt; Ninvuhi shɛba ni, kamani ninkura, kpuribu nyɛla din ni tooi che bɛ be bɛ konko saha shƐli kam bee n-kɔŋ bɛ zonima&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20152&quot; /&gt;

Kpuribu nyɛla bin yɛra pam ni tooi tahi shɛli na, kamani kuriginsim, vuri pam wumbu, doro , dɔɣim yɛlimuɣisira, tibili daŋsi nti pahi tima.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Binshɛɣu din tooi tahiri kpuribu na n -nye Tibili dɔriti din yuui.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Dɔri' shɛŋa din yɔli n-ti paɣa puunima kamani cytomegalovirus, syphilis bee rubella, nyɛla din ni tooi tahi kpuribu na bia maa ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title = Why not all deaf people want to be cured|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|access-date = 2015-08-02|website = www.telegraph.co.uk|publisher = [[The Daily Telegraph]]|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153612/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|archive-date = 2015-09-24 |date = 2012-09-13|last1 = Williams|first1 = Sally  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Kpuribu vihi m-baŋ dɔlila di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ zaɣim tiba maa ka niri ku tooi wum kumsim din zaɣimbu nye 25 decibels hali di nye tib' yini puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Wumbu zaɣimbu nyɛla baŋdiba ni sahi nti shɛli ni di niŋ nti bilɛɣu kam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Las20143&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu nyɛla din pubupubu nye tuuli; din bala (25 hali ni 40 dB), din paya (41 hali ni 55&amp;nbsp;dB), din kpɛm bela (56 hali ni 70&amp;nbsp;dB), din kpɛm pam(71 hali ni 90&amp;nbsp;dB), bee din gamsariya (din yahi 90&amp;nbsp;dB).&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20153&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu lahi pumi ʒibuta zuɣu ka ŋa nye: Wumbu yɛlimuɣisira kpuribu, Tibili puuni yɛlimuɣisira kpuribu, bee kpuribu din gabi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sm20142&quot; /&gt;

Kamani Kpuribu shɛhiranima pirigili nyƐla din ni tooi tahi ka gu anduniya yaangi zuɣu niri ni dɔli alaafee zali kpana.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt; Zali kpana kaman immunization, zaŋa ni alaafee zaŋ jandi puu bee vuri tahibu bee n niŋdi kantiŋ ka chɛri vuri nti pahi ti' shɛŋa chɛbu bee kantiŋ niŋbu &lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt; Anduniya yaangi zuɣu alaafee yili nima yuya ni bi' pɔla niŋ katiŋa ka che vuri n ti pahi kpatuhi shɛŋa din tahiri vuri na hali bɛ yɛn wum ŋa, bɛ di wum vuri maa n yaɣi awa yini biɛɣukulo kam puuni saha.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2015Aud2&quot; /&gt; Kpuribu yomyom vihibaŋ ni tibibu nyɛla din mali anfaani pam nti bihi.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt; Wumbu kpatuɣa, pam buɣisibu, cochlear implants nti pahi subtitles nyɛla din mali soŋsim pam ni ban kpuri.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt; Nangban' piba karimbu nyɛla baŋsim shɛli din gba ni tooi n-sɔŋ zaŋ kpa kpuribu polo.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt; Tor amaa, wumbu kpatuɣa ŋa nyƐla din bɛ yɔli pam yaƔa pam anduniya yaangi zuɣu.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20154&quot; /&gt;

Yuuni 2013 hali ni zuŋɔ, salo ban kalinli yiɣisi 1.1 billion nyɛla ban kpuri be m mali wumbu yɛlimuɣisira.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title = Why not all deaf people want to be cured|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|access-date = 2015-08-02|website = www.telegraph.co.uk|publisher = [[The Daily Telegraph]]|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153612/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|archive-date = 2015-09-24 |date = 2012-09-13|last1 = Williams|first1 = Sally  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din dalindi salo ban kalinli yiɣisi salo 466 million (kɔbgu puuni vaabu anu m -bala salo ban be anduniya yaangi zuɣu kalinli puuni), ka kpuribu din bɛ kpɛm pamm mini din kpɛm pam gba nyɛla din dalindi salo ban kalinli yiɣisi 124 million.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20155&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20082&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title = Why not all deaf people want to be cured|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|access-date = 2015-08-02|website = www.telegraph.co.uk|publisher = [[The Daily Telegraph]]|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153612/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|archive-date = 2015-09-24 |date = 2012-09-13|last1 = Williams|first1 = Sally  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ayi liɣi ban kpuribu lu din bɛ kpɛm pam mini din kpɛm pam puuni, bƐ kalinili din yiɣisi nyƐla ban be tingbana din na bɛ lɛbigi pam.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO20082&quot; /&gt; Salo ban kalinli yiɣisi 65 million kpuribu nyɛla din pili tuum bɛ bilim ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Peads20112&quot; /&gt; Ban mali buƔisibu bee n be ban kpuri ʒii puuni nyƐla ban nye bɛ maŋa ka bɛ kpuribu maa nyɛla din che ka bɛ yi bɛ ko amaa pa ni doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;NAD20142&quot; /&gt; Ban kpuri ka be kpuri ʒii puuni pam nyɛla ban tooi zooi ka bɛ bi sahiri n-tiri kpuribu maa tibbu&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title = Why not all deaf people want to be cured|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|access-date = 2015-08-02|website = www.telegraph.co.uk|publisher = [[The Daily Telegraph]]|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153612/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|archive-date = 2015-09-24 |date = 2012-09-13|last1 = Williams|first1 = Sally  }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title = Why not all deaf people want to be cured|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|access-date = 2015-08-02|website = www.telegraph.co.uk|publisher = [[The Daily Telegraph]]|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153612/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|archive-date = 2015-09-24 |date = 2012-09-13|last1 = Williams|first1 = Sally  }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title = Why not all deaf people want to be cured|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|access-date = 2015-08-02|website = www.telegraph.co.uk|publisher = [[The Daily Telegraph]]|url-status = live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153612/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/9526045/Why-not-all-deaf-people-want-to-be-cured.html|archive-date = 2015-09-24 |date = 2012-09-13|last1 = Williams|first1 = Sally  }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ka ŋa shɛba gba nyɛla ban gba nyari ''cochlear implants'' ka di mali muɣisigu domi din ni tooi wurim bɛ ʒii bee zuliya la zuɣu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Spa20052&quot; /&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;''Kpuribu'&lt;/nowiki&gt; bachi maa nyƐla salo ni nye shɛli din bɛ viƐla domini din wuhiri nira ni ku tooi niŋ binshɛƔu la zuɣu (wumbu).&lt;ref name=&quot;NAD20142&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Obuoba J.A. Adofo</title>
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      <text bytes="2625" sha1="rzqvmjzcvjaf7w5cdjunh5te6enjrhq" xml:space="preserve">'''Obuoba J.A. Adofo''' (bɛ ni doɣi so circa 1952) nyɛla Gana hailaafu baaŋa ŋuna niŋ bayana, ka O yuli du domini O yila hankali ni O kuko sheli din nyɛ zaɣa pariga zuŋu.&lt;ref name=&quot;X&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2020-12-08|title=I regret bleaching my skin — Obuoba J.A Adofo|language=en-gb|work=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|location=Accra, Ghana|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/i-regret-bleaching-my-skin-obuoba-j-a-adofo.html|access-date=2025-05-31}}&lt;/ref&gt; O daa lee City Boys Band Kpɛma ka di yupaa din nyɛ &quot;Black Chinese&quot; domini O neen yɛra dini daa gahim zuɣu. O yila nyɛla din niŋ byana Gana puuni hali yuuni 1970 nima polo.

J.A. Adofo pili la O yila soli 1970 nima piligu ka nyɛ yuumpishi ni. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=PhD|first=Kofi Anokye|date=2020-08-23|title=JA Adofo opens up about his life, role model, how he stared music and more|url=https://thebbcghana.com/ja-adofo-opens-up-about-his-life-role-model-how-he-stared-music-and-more/|access-date=2025-05-31|website=BBC Ghana Reports|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; O nin nyambo daa yila O daŋa nira sani,   Nana Kwame Ampadu ŋana daa kani la, ka nyɛ hailaafu yiliyiinda kuɣinli. Adofo daa yula niriba ni daa kpuɣi Ampadu shɛm, ka bɔri ni O gba ti nya lala kpuɣi ʒi tatabo.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Apinga|first=David|date=2022-10-08|title=Nana Ampadu inspired me to do my music - J.A. Adofo|url=https://www.theghanareport.com/nana-ampadu-inspired-me-to-do-my-music-j-a-adofo/|access-date=2025-05-31|website=The Ghana Report|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; O daa wum la Ampadu yila ka zaŋ di biiti n zaŋ ŋma O tuuli yila,  &quot;Odo Nndidi Ntwen Me,&quot; poi gba ka O naan yi naai shikuru. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-10-08|title=Nana Ampadu inspired me to do music - J.A. Adofo|language=en-gb|work=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|location=Accra, Ghana|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/nana-ampadu-inspired-me-to-do-music-j-a-adofo.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com|access-date=2025-05-31}}&lt;/ref&gt; O nyɛ la ŋuna zaŋ O zaɣasim zaa n zaŋ niŋ yurilim yila ni din yɛn chɛ ka O zani O ko ka chɛ yiliyiindiba ban kpalim, ka yiinda zaŋ chaŋ biɛhigu mini kum polo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2022-10-08|title=Nana Ampadu inspired me to do music - J.A. Adofo|language=en-gb|work=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|location=Accra, Ghana|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/nana-ampadu-inspired-me-to-do-music-j-a-adofo.html|access-date=2025-05-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Pat Thomas</title>
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        <username>Ibn Dagara</username>
        <id>1830</id>
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      <comment>Added more information #Afrocuration2026inGhana</comment>
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      <text bytes="1385" sha1="b5g24c4m08v1wcysky8hmlb8ycloz91" xml:space="preserve">'''Pat Thomas''' ka bɛ lahi mi o '''Nana Kwabena Amo Mensah''';&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=First international release for Ghanaian legend Pat Thomas|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/first-international-release-ghanaian-legend-pat-thomas|date=2015-06-25|website=Music in Africa|language=en|access-date=2020-05-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla bɛ ni dɔɣi so silimin goli August 14, 1946) nyɛla Ghana yili yiinda mini ŋun sabiri yila. O nyɛla ŋun yuli du pam zaŋ yi yila ŋɔ polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/pat-thomas-and-kwashibu-area-band|title=Pat Thomas and Kwashibu Area Band|date=2016-11-01|website=Music in Africa|language=en|access-date=2020-01-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Piligu biɛhigu mini shikuru baŋsim bobu ==
Pat Thomas nyɛla bɛ ni daa dɔɣi Asante Agona ŋan be Ashanti Region. O ba daa nyɛla yili yiindi biinga ŋun wuhiri yila ka o ma mi nyɛ dali ŋmɛri kpɛma.

Ba: Opanin Aquah Kwam (o kpiya)

Ma: Susana Tabuah aka Maame Takyiman(o kpiya)

Mabihi: 

Alice Arthur bee Akosomo be London. O nyɛla Karimba kpɛma kuro.

Rita Addai aka Kyerewaa be London. O nyɛla karimba kuro. 

Theresa Acheampong bee Adwoa Achiaa ŋun kpiya.

Cecilia Adu Acheampong be Holland. O nyɛla awuraba paɣa. 
Kwabena Phillip be USA. O nyɛla latirisa.

== Tuma ==

== Awards ==
== Albums ==
== References ==

[[Pubu:Living people]]
[[Pubu:Afrocuration2026Ghana]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>135948</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-09T21:09:38Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Ibn Dagara</username>
        <id>1830</id>
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      <comment>Edited</comment>
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      <text bytes="1393" sha1="gd2xky8tusaeuz7m7j2dyypwsgea18g" xml:space="preserve">{{Bio}}
'''Pat Thomas''' ka bɛ lahi mi o '''Nana Kwabena Amo Mensah''';&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=First international release for Ghanaian legend Pat Thomas|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/first-international-release-ghanaian-legend-pat-thomas|date=2015-06-25|website=Music in Africa|language=en|access-date=2020-05-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla bɛ ni dɔɣi so silimin goli August 14, 1946) nyɛla Ghana yili yiinda mini ŋun sabiri yila. O nyɛla ŋun yuli du pam zaŋ yi yila ŋɔ polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/pat-thomas-and-kwashibu-area-band|title=Pat Thomas and Kwashibu Area Band|date=2016-11-01|website=Music in Africa|language=en|access-date=2020-01-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Piligu biɛhigu mini shikuru baŋsim bobu ==
Pat Thomas nyɛla bɛ ni daa dɔɣi Asante Agona ŋan be Ashanti Region. O ba daa nyɛla yili yiindi biinga ŋun wuhiri yila ka o ma mi nyɛ dali ŋmɛri kpɛma.

Ba: Opanin Aquah Kwam (o kpiya)

Ma: Susana Tabuah aka Maame Takyiman(o kpiya)

Mabihi: 

Alice Arthur bee Akosomo be London. O nyɛla Karimba kpɛma kuro.

Rita Addai aka Kyerewaa be London. O nyɛla karimba kuro. 

Theresa Acheampong bee Adwoa Achiaa ŋun kpiya.

Cecilia Adu Acheampong be Holland. O nyɛla awuraba paɣa. 
Kwabena Phillip be USA. O nyɛla latirisa.

== Tuma ==

== Awards ==
== Albums ==
== References ==

[[Pubu:Living people]]
[[Pubu:Afrocuration2026Ghana]]</text>
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        <id>1830</id>
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      <comment>Added more information</comment>
      <origin>135949</origin>
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      <text bytes="3356" sha1="n35atkx0874harljtwmrfr7dop85c70" xml:space="preserve">{{Bio}}
'''Pat Thomas''' ka bɛ lahi mi o '''Nana Kwabena Amo Mensah''';&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=First international release for Ghanaian legend Pat Thomas|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/first-international-release-ghanaian-legend-pat-thomas|date=2015-06-25|website=Music in Africa|language=en|access-date=2020-05-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla bɛ ni dɔɣi so silimin goli August 14, 1946) nyɛla Ghana yili yiinda mini ŋun sabiri yila. O nyɛla ŋun yuli du pam zaŋ yi yila ŋɔ polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/pat-thomas-and-kwashibu-area-band|title=Pat Thomas and Kwashibu Area Band|date=2016-11-01|website=Music in Africa|language=en|access-date=2020-01-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Piligu biɛhigu mini shikuru baŋsim bobu ==
Pat Thomas nyɛla bɛ ni daa dɔɣi Asante Agona ŋan be Ashanti Region. O ba daa nyɛla yili yiindi biinga ŋun wuhiri yila ka o ma mi nyɛ dali ŋmɛri kpɛma.

Ba: Opanin Aquah Kwam (o kpiya)

Ma: Susana Tabuah aka Maame Takyiman(o kpiya)

Mabihi: 

Alice Arthur bee Akosomo be London. O nyɛla Karimba kpɛma kuro.

Rita Addai aka Kyerewaa be London. O nyɛla karimba kuro. 

Theresa Acheampong bee Adwoa Achiaa ŋun kpiya.

Cecilia Adu Acheampong be Holland. O nyɛla awuraba paɣa. 
Kwabena Phillip be USA. O nyɛla latirisa.

== Tuma ==
O piligi la o yila tuma tum yuma 1960 di ni daa niŋ ka o mini Ebo Taylor laɣim yila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=236|title=Patrick Thomas, Highlife Artist|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180322015440/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=236|archive-date=2018-03-22|access-date=2018-04-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 1974,  o daa kpa &quot;Sweet Beans&quot; ka daa yihi o tuuli yila alibam na ka boli li ''Ʒiri Yurilim''. O daa yihi o alibam ŋan pahi ayi ka boli li &quot;''Pat Thomas Introduces Marijata&quot;''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://patthomasstrut.bandcamp.com/|title=Pat Thomas homepage|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220175000/https://patthomasstrut.bandcamp.com/|archive-date=2016-12-20|accessdate=10 Dec 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni daa niŋ kuul ŋmɛ n-naai Ghana yuuni 1979, o daa yi Ghana labi [[Berlin]] ka daa ti bahi chaŋ ti ʒini Canada. O pa nyɛla ŋun gindi anduniya zaa ni o &quot;Kwashibu Area Band&quot;. Silimin goli June 2015, bɛ daa yihi bɛ daa yihi bɛ alibam yuli boonj ''Pat Thomas and Kwashibu Area Band''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.strut-records.com/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|title=Pat Thomas &amp; Kwashibu Area Band|date=12 Mar 2015|publisher=Strut records|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220123839/http://www.strut-records.com/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|archive-date=2016-12-20|accessdate=10 Dec 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni bɛ zaŋ li wuhi o yuun pihinu yili.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.shambalafestival.org/act2016/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|title=Pat Thomas &amp; Kwashibu Area Band|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220111402/http://www.shambalafestival.org/act2016/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|archive-date=20 December 2016|accessdate=10 Dec 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Thomas nyɛla bɛ ni mi &quot;The Golden Voice Of Africa&quot;. Thomas nyɛla ŋun yiindi ni Fante.

== Awards ==
== Albums ==
== References ==

[[Pubu:Living people]]
[[Pubu:Afrocuration2026Ghana]]</text>
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        <id>1830</id>
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      <comment>Added more information</comment>
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      <text bytes="3670" sha1="cuur2ia4y84vcsuyg4pyyx1ozyiq379" xml:space="preserve">{{Bio}}
'''Pat Thomas''' ka bɛ lahi mi o '''Nana Kwabena Amo Mensah''';&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=First international release for Ghanaian legend Pat Thomas|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/first-international-release-ghanaian-legend-pat-thomas|date=2015-06-25|website=Music in Africa|language=en|access-date=2020-05-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla bɛ ni dɔɣi so silimin goli August 14, 1946) nyɛla Ghana yili yiinda mini ŋun sabiri yila. O nyɛla ŋun yuli du pam zaŋ yi yila ŋɔ polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/pat-thomas-and-kwashibu-area-band|title=Pat Thomas and Kwashibu Area Band|date=2016-11-01|website=Music in Africa|language=en|access-date=2020-01-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Piligu biɛhigu mini shikuru baŋsim bobu ==
Pat Thomas nyɛla bɛ ni daa dɔɣi Asante Agona ŋan be Ashanti Region. O ba daa nyɛla yili yiindi biinga ŋun wuhiri yila ka o ma mi nyɛ dali ŋmɛri kpɛma.

Ba: Opanin Aquah Kwam (o kpiya)

Ma: Susana Tabuah aka Maame Takyiman(o kpiya)

Mabihi: 

Alice Arthur bee Akosomo be London. O nyɛla Karimba kpɛma kuro.

Rita Addai aka Kyerewaa be London. O nyɛla karimba kuro. 

Theresa Acheampong bee Adwoa Achiaa ŋun kpiya.

Cecilia Adu Acheampong be Holland. O nyɛla awuraba paɣa. 
Kwabena Phillip be USA. O nyɛla latirisa.

== Tuma ==
O piligi la o yila tuma tum yuma 1960 di ni daa niŋ ka o mini Ebo Taylor laɣim yila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=236|title=Patrick Thomas, Highlife Artist|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180322015440/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=236|archive-date=2018-03-22|access-date=2018-04-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 1974,  o daa kpa &quot;Sweet Beans&quot; ka daa yihi o tuuli yila alibam na ka boli li ''Ʒiri Yurilim''. O daa yihi o alibam ŋan pahi ayi ka boli li &quot;''Pat Thomas Introduces Marijata&quot;''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://patthomasstrut.bandcamp.com/|title=Pat Thomas homepage|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220175000/https://patthomasstrut.bandcamp.com/|archive-date=2016-12-20|accessdate=10 Dec 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni daa niŋ kuul ŋmɛ n-naai Ghana yuuni 1979, o daa yi Ghana labi [[Berlin]] ka daa ti bahi chaŋ ti ʒini Canada. O pa nyɛla ŋun gindi anduniya zaa ni o &quot;Kwashibu Area Band&quot;. Silimin goli June 2015, bɛ daa yihi bɛ daa yihi bɛ alibam yuli boonj ''Pat Thomas and Kwashibu Area Band''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.strut-records.com/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|title=Pat Thomas &amp; Kwashibu Area Band|date=12 Mar 2015|publisher=Strut records|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220123839/http://www.strut-records.com/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|archive-date=2016-12-20|accessdate=10 Dec 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni bɛ zaŋ li wuhi o yuun pihinu yili.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.shambalafestival.org/act2016/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|title=Pat Thomas &amp; Kwashibu Area Band|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220111402/http://www.shambalafestival.org/act2016/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|archive-date=20 December 2016|accessdate=10 Dec 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Thomas nyɛla bɛ ni mi &quot;The Golden Voice Of Africa&quot;. Thomas nyɛla ŋun yiindi ni Fante.

== Pina ==
Yuuni 2015, Pat Thomas mini Kwashibu Area Band alibam nyɛla &quot;AllMusic&quot; ni daa piigi shɛli ni di nyɛla alibam din puhi pani anduniya zaa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/pat-thomas-mn0001009626/awards|title=Pat Thomas {{!}} Awards|website=AllMusic|language=en-us|access-date=2020-01-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Albums ==
== References ==

[[Pubu:Living people]]
[[Pubu:Afrocuration2026Ghana]]</text>
      <sha1>cuur2ia4y84vcsuyg4pyyx1ozyiq379</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135951</id>
      <parentid>135950</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T21:31:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibn Dagara</username>
        <id>1830</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added more information</comment>
      <origin>135951</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4137" sha1="5j2vqq79ief1z60aylbgrqz82y19qgb" xml:space="preserve">{{Bio}}
'''Pat Thomas''' ka bɛ lahi mi o '''Nana Kwabena Amo Mensah''';&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=First international release for Ghanaian legend Pat Thomas|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/first-international-release-ghanaian-legend-pat-thomas|date=2015-06-25|website=Music in Africa|language=en|access-date=2020-05-26}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla bɛ ni dɔɣi so silimin goli August 14, 1946) nyɛla Ghana yili yiinda mini ŋun sabiri yila. O nyɛla ŋun yuli du pam zaŋ yi yila ŋɔ polo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/directory/pat-thomas-and-kwashibu-area-band|title=Pat Thomas and Kwashibu Area Band|date=2016-11-01|website=Music in Africa|language=en|access-date=2020-01-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Piligu biɛhigu mini shikuru baŋsim bobu ==
Pat Thomas nyɛla bɛ ni daa dɔɣi Asante Agona ŋan be Ashanti Region. O ba daa nyɛla yili yiindi biinga ŋun wuhiri yila ka o ma mi nyɛ dali ŋmɛri kpɛma.

Ba: Opanin Aquah Kwam (o kpiya)

Ma: Susana Tabuah aka Maame Takyiman(o kpiya)

Mabihi: 

Alice Arthur bee Akosomo be London. O nyɛla Karimba kpɛma kuro.

Rita Addai aka Kyerewaa be London. O nyɛla karimba kuro. 

Theresa Acheampong bee Adwoa Achiaa ŋun kpiya.

Cecilia Adu Acheampong be Holland. O nyɛla awuraba paɣa. 
Kwabena Phillip be USA. O nyɛla latirisa.

== Tuma ==
O piligi la o yila tuma tum yuma 1960 di ni daa niŋ ka o mini Ebo Taylor laɣim yila.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=236|title=Patrick Thomas, Highlife Artist|website=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180322015440/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=236|archive-date=2018-03-22|access-date=2018-04-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 1974,  o daa kpa &quot;Sweet Beans&quot; ka daa yihi o tuuli yila alibam na ka boli li ''Ʒiri Yurilim''. O daa yihi o alibam ŋan pahi ayi ka boli li &quot;''Pat Thomas Introduces Marijata&quot;''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://patthomasstrut.bandcamp.com/|title=Pat Thomas homepage|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220175000/https://patthomasstrut.bandcamp.com/|archive-date=2016-12-20|accessdate=10 Dec 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni daa niŋ kuul ŋmɛ n-naai Ghana yuuni 1979, o daa yi Ghana labi [[Berlin]] ka daa ti bahi chaŋ ti ʒini Canada. O pa nyɛla ŋun gindi anduniya zaa ni o &quot;Kwashibu Area Band&quot;. Silimin goli June 2015, bɛ daa yihi bɛ daa yihi bɛ alibam yuli boonj ''Pat Thomas and Kwashibu Area Band''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.strut-records.com/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|title=Pat Thomas &amp; Kwashibu Area Band|date=12 Mar 2015|publisher=Strut records|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220123839/http://www.strut-records.com/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|archive-date=2016-12-20|accessdate=10 Dec 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni bɛ zaŋ li wuhi o yuun pihinu yili.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.shambalafestival.org/act2016/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|title=Pat Thomas &amp; Kwashibu Area Band|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220111402/http://www.shambalafestival.org/act2016/pat-thomas-kwashibu-area-band/|archive-date=20 December 2016|accessdate=10 Dec 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Thomas nyɛla bɛ ni mi &quot;The Golden Voice Of Africa&quot;. Thomas nyɛla ŋun yiindi ni Fante.

== Pina ==
Yuuni 2015, Pat Thomas mini Kwashibu Area Band alibam nyɛla &quot;AllMusic&quot; ni daa piigi shɛli ni di nyɛla alibam din puhi pani anduniya zaa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/pat-thomas-mn0001009626/awards|title=Pat Thomas {{!}} Awards|website=AllMusic|language=en-us|access-date=2020-01-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Alibam ==
*Yuuni 2015, o daa yihi Alibam na ka boli li – Pat Thomas &amp; Kwashibu Area Band – Pat Thomas &amp; Kwashibu Area Band (CD / 12&quot;) K7 Music  
*Yuuni 2016, o daa yihi Alibam na ka boli li – Pat Thomas – Coming home (CD) K7 Music
*Yuuni 2019, o daa yihi Alibam na ka boli li – Pat Thomas &amp; Kwashibu area band – Obiaa! (CD / 12&quot;) K7 Music
*Yuuni 2019, o daa yihi Alibam na ka boli li – Pat Thomas &amp; Kwashibu Are Band – Yamona (Dam Swindle remix) (CD) K7 Music

== References ==

[[Pubu:Living people]]
[[Pubu:Afrocuration2026Ghana]]</text>
      <sha1>5j2vqq79ief1z60aylbgrqz82y19qgb</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Palm-wine music</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:10:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abdulai Iddrisu</username>
        <id>1838</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Mali niŋ din be galisi</comment>
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      <text bytes="1245" sha1="k3s4cat7n66du1jvcci2jspixhgd4gy" xml:space="preserve">== '''Piligu''' ==
Palm-Wine music nyɛla Kali binkumda shɛli din be gbansabla wulin luɣ'li polo, ka di nyɛla di yaligi hali ti gbaagi ka man tigsi din nye Ghana, Sierra-Leone, Liberia, mini Nigeria pumpoŋɔ yuuni nineteenth century&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Palm-wine music|date=2026-03-06|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palm-wine_music&amp;oldid=1342096976|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; yila nim maa zaa malila dini pilli shɛli tɔ amaa palm-wine Yila nyɛla din pili ni Kali ka bi daa lei Zaŋ silimin binkumda n gabbi di puuni ka man guitar. Palm-wine yila nyɛla bin shɛɣʋ din yɛligi hali ti gbaaigi ka di nyɛla ti saha ŋɔ yila pam chaŋ mi n ti m mɛ n tam di pill zugʋ. Di pill la ninvʋɣ' shɛm sani beni boondi Kru ka bi yi Liberia mini Sierra Leone na, bini lahi nye bin Zaŋ di Portuguese guitar nima n tumdi tuma ka di nyɛla ŋariŋ duɣiriba n ʒili na, bi landi la Kali binkumda mini silimin binkumda zaŋti gbaai Trinidadian Calypso n nam niɣ'lin buɣum, ni soochi &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Palm-wine music|date=2026-03-06|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palm-wine_music&amp;oldid=1342096976|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Reference''' ==</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>135877</id>
      <parentid>135875</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:13:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abdulai Iddrisu</username>
        <id>1838</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Mali niŋ din be galisi</comment>
      <origin>135877</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1276" sha1="89x19p4xeesbhjcswola22b3h5hsg5e" xml:space="preserve">== '''Piligu''' ==
Palm-Wine music nyɛla Kali binkumda shɛli din be gbansabla wulin luɣ'li polo, ka di nyɛla di yaligi hali ti gbaagi ka man tigsi din nye Ghana, Sierra-Leone, Liberia, mini Nigeria pumpoŋɔ yuuni nineteenth century&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Palm-wine music|date=2026-03-06|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palm-wine_music&amp;oldid=1342096976|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; yila nim maa zaa malila dini pilli shɛli tɔ amaa palm-wine Yila nyɛla din pili ni Kali ka bi daa lei Zaŋ silimin binkumda n gabbi di puuni ka man guitar. Palm-wine yila nyɛla bin shɛɣʋ din yɛligi hali ti gbaaigi ka di nyɛla ti saha ŋɔ yila pam chaŋ mi n ti m mɛ n tam di pill zugʋ. Di pill la ninvʋɣ' shɛm sani beni boondi Kru ka bi yi Liberia mini Sierra Leone na, bini lahi nye bin Zaŋ di Portuguese guitar nima n tumdi tuma ka di nyɛla ŋariŋ duɣiriba n ʒili na, bi landi la Kali binkumda mini silimin binkumda zaŋti gbaai Trinidadian Calypso n nam niɣ'lin buɣum, ni soochi &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Oxford University Press|date=2026-05-03|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&amp;oldid=1352355257|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Reference''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>89x19p4xeesbhjcswola22b3h5hsg5e</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135880</id>
      <parentid>135877</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:16:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abdulai Iddrisu</username>
        <id>1838</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Mali niŋ din be galisi</comment>
      <origin>135880</origin>
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      <text bytes="1277" sha1="38emkz0dzj5nwa4pboajyy9gh5nb94n" xml:space="preserve">== '''Piligu''' ==
Palm-Wine music nyɛla Kali binkumda shɛli din be gbansabla wulin luɣ'li polo, ka di nyɛla di yaligi hali ti gbaagi ka man tigsi din nye Ghana, Sierra-Leone, Liberia, mini Nigeria pumpoŋɔ yuuni nineteenth century &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Palm-wine music|date=2026-03-06|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palm-wine_music&amp;oldid=1342096976|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; yila nim maa zaa malila dini pilli shɛli tɔ amaa palm-wine Yila nyɛla din pili ni Kali ka bi daa lei Zaŋ silimin binkumda n gabbi di puuni ka man guitar. Palm-wine yila nyɛla bin shɛɣʋ din yɛligi hali ti gbaaigi ka di nyɛla ti saha ŋɔ yila pam chaŋ mi n ti m mɛ n tam di pill zugʋ. Di pill la ninvʋɣ' shɛm sani beni boondi Kru ka bi yi Liberia mini Sierra Leone na, bini lahi nye bin Zaŋ di Portuguese guitar nima n tumdi tuma ka di nyɛla ŋariŋ duɣiriba n ʒili na, bi landi la Kali binkumda mini silimin binkumda zaŋti gbaai Trinidadian Calypso n nam niɣ'lin buɣum, ni soochi &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Oxford University Press|date=2026-05-03|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&amp;oldid=1352355257|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Reference''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>135882</id>
      <parentid>135880</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:17:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abdulai Iddrisu</username>
        <id>1838</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Mali niŋ din be galisi</comment>
      <origin>135882</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1442" sha1="dc903hweexfohhsx1t8x7cig4a0ptpl" xml:space="preserve">== '''Piligu''' ==
Palm-Wine music nyɛla Kali binkumda shɛli din be gbansabla wulin luɣ'li polo, ka di nyɛla di yaligi hali ti gbaagi ka man tigsi din nye Ghana, Sierra-Leone, Liberia, mini Nigeria pumpoŋɔ yuuni nineteenth century &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Palm-wine music|date=2026-03-06|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palm-wine_music&amp;oldid=1342096976|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; yila nim maa zaa malila dini pilli shɛli tɔ amaa palm-wine Yila nyɛla din pili ni Kali ka bi daa lei Zaŋ silimin binkumda n gabbi di puuni ka man guitar. Palm-wine yila nyɛla bin shɛɣʋ din yɛligi hali ti gbaaigi ka di nyɛla ti saha ŋɔ yila pam chaŋ mi n ti m mɛ n tam di pill zugʋ. Di pill la ninvʋɣ' shɛm sani beni boondi Kru ka bi yi Liberia mini Sierra Leone na, bini lahi nye bin Zaŋ di Portuguese guitar nima n tumdi tuma ka di nyɛla ŋariŋ duɣiriba n ʒili na, bi landi la Kali binkumda mini silimin binkumda zaŋti gbaai Trinidadian Calypso n nam niɣ'lin buɣum, ni soochi &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Oxford University Press|date=2026-05-03|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&amp;oldid=1352355257|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2004-09-28|title=The story of Ghanaian highlife|language=en-GB|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3695260.stm|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Reference''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>dc903hweexfohhsx1t8x7cig4a0ptpl</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-09T16:28:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abdulai Iddrisu</username>
        <id>1838</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Mali niŋ din be galisi</comment>
      <origin>135889</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1783" sha1="lscmengjdgmiwqti5xi4duistzs03z1" xml:space="preserve">== '''Piligu''' ==
Palm-Wine music nyɛla Kali binkumda shɛli din be gbansabla wulin luɣ'li polo, ka di nyɛla di yaligi hali ti gbaagi ka man tigsi din nye Ghana, Sierra-Leone, Liberia, mini Nigeria pumpoŋɔ yuuni nineteenth century &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Palm-wine music|date=2026-03-06|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palm-wine_music&amp;oldid=1342096976|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; yila nim maa zaa malila dini pilli shɛli tɔ amaa palm-wine Yila nyɛla din pili ni Kali ka bi daa lei Zaŋ silimin binkumda n gabbi di puuni ka man guitar. Palm-wine yila nyɛla bin shɛɣʋ din yɛligi hali ti gbaaigi ka di nyɛla ti saha ŋɔ yila pam chaŋ mi n ti m mɛ n tam di pill zugʋ. Di pill la ninvʋɣ' shɛm sani beni boondi Kru ka bi yi Liberia mini Sierra Leone na, bini lahi nye bin Zaŋ di Portuguese guitar nima n tumdi tuma ka di nyɛla ŋariŋ duɣiriba n ʒili na, bi landi la Kali binkumda mini silimin binkumda zaŋti gbaai Trinidadian Calypso n nam niɣ'lin buɣum, ni soochi &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Oxford University Press|date=2026-05-03|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&amp;oldid=1352355257|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2004-09-28|title=The story of Ghanaian highlife|language=en-GB|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3695260.stm|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; din tum tuma n dɔli inland zaŋ chaŋ din yɛn niŋshɛm n tooi Zaŋ Kali binkumda m pahi ka di pala bi ni daa Zaŋ shɛli be coastal yaɣ'li maa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Semantic Scholar|date=2026-04-22|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&amp;oldid=1350478223|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2026-05-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Reference''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kenya Film Commission</title>
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      <id>135869</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Alhaj Darajaati</username>
        <id>22</id>
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      <comment>Remove main sections</comment>
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{{Bio}}
'''Kenya Film Commission'''  '''(KFC)''' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Cui|first=Xin|date=2020-10-25|title=From home to the film location site, from a film audience to a film tourist|url=https://doi.org/10.31165/nk.2020.131.594|journal=Networking Knowledge: Journal of the MeCCSA Postgraduate Network|volume=13|issue=1|pages=4–21|doi=10.31165/nk.2020.131.594|issn=1755-9944}}&lt;/ref&gt;nyɛla [[Kenya]] Gomnanti ni daa kpa shɛli yuuni 2005. di ni kuli yɛn nya naba zani yuuni 2006 sunsuuni.  [[Kenya]] sinii laɣingu ŋo daa kpami ni di kpuɣi Kenyanima sinii kpɛritiba zuɣusaa bɛ tingbanni ni tiŋdiya ni.

Tiŋduya kpɛrikpɛrita ban daa bɔri ni bɛ kpɛri kpɛrigu [[Kenya]] daa nyɛla bɛ ni wuhi shɛba luɣ' shɛŋa di ni tu ni bɛ chaŋ n ti tooi n kpɛri bɛ kpɛrigu maa viɛnyɛlinga ka di nyɛla bɛ gomnanti yɛda puuni, ka daa lee bɛ dɔɣi ba ka wuhi kada di tu ni bɛ sinii maa lee tam kanli zuɣu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=PLC|first=Standard Group|title=The Standard - Kenya &amp; World News {{!}} Latest and Breaking news|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/|access-date=2026-05-06|website=The Standard|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|last=Mango|first=Carolyn Khamete|title=The presence of women in the Kenyan film industry: applying postcolonial African feminist theory|date=2023|url=https://theses.gla.ac.uk/83403/|type=PhD|publisher=University of Glasgow|language=en|access-date=2026-05-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Di biɛhigu ==
[[Lahabali kɔligu:Kenya - Location Map (2013) - KEN - UNOCHA.svg|thumb|Kenya]]Kenya sinii laɣingu ŋo nyɛla din nya naba zani yuuni 2022-03-03  Wayback Machine saha la, dini daa bɛ yɛltɔɣa nima minisita ni tabiibi yɛltɔɣa nima sulinsi ni la yuuni  2005 naɣila yuuni 2014 bɛ ni daa kpuɣi li n tahi diɛma ni yiɣijam, [[kaya ni taada]], ni ti pahi nyini baŋsim. yuuni 2019 bɛ daa lahi labisili  Ministry of ICT, Innovation ni Youth Affairs. Yuuni 2022,ka di lahi labi  Ministry of Youth Affairs, Creative Economy and Sports. Gbaŋ ŋmara maa daa ti shɛba tuma , ka tuma maa daanbolo maa mi ka  H. E. the President ni daa piigi o.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who We Are - Kenya Film Commission|url=http://kenyafilmcommission.com/index.php/about-us/2014-11-17-17-25-23/who-we-are/|access-date=2026-05-06|website=kenyafilmcommission.com|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Di tuma ==
[[Kenya]] sinii laɣingu ŋo nyɛla din sɔŋdi Kenya sinii kpɛritiba ka di nyɛla bɛ bola biɛhigu shee, ŋmahiri gu, ni ŋmaai bu, n ti pahi bɛ ni kpari bɔhimbu nima zaŋ chaŋ kpɛrigu maa polo zaa. Bɛ daa lahi bo soya din yɛn tooi che ka bɛ ni tooi kaani kpɛri kpɛritiba,  egenti nima, baŋdiba, daabihi  Kenyan sinii kpɛritiba puuni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2009-10-05|title=BEST OF KENYA - Volume 1|url=https://issuu.com/svengvp/docs/bestofkenya|access-date=2026-05-06|website=Issuu|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Din yoli yina ==
[[Image:TS-ONSET-small2.jpg|thumb|Shooting the Kenyan feature film Togetherness Supreme in collaboration with Kibera youth trainees]]

* Ti ni bɛ mi shɛli Africa
* Sahakam Gardener
* Tomb Raider II
* Daabia America / ABC –bɛ daa ŋmeri mi hawa dibaayi ka di do poloni “Seven Modern Wonders of the World”
* Lahaʒibisi guuibu
* Tiliginsim saha 3
* Kibera Kid
* SlumDogg

== Kundivihira ==
[[Category:Government agencies of Kenya|Film]]
[[Category:Film commissions]]
[[Category:2005 establishments in Kenya]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 2005]]
[[Category:Film organisations in Kenya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Papicha</title>
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      <text bytes="5463" sha1="6fxpq9gymz7ayhdlnl0tlh9qzd79b1q" xml:space="preserve">==Plot==

== Kpɛrikpɛriti ban daa yina ti ŋmaali ==
* [[Marwan Zeghbib]] as Karim
* [[Lyna Khoudri]] as Nedjma
* [[Nadia Kaci]] as Madame Kamissi
* [[Ali Damiche]] as Omer
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ali Damiche |url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm14083866/ |access-date=2022-10-11 |website=IMDb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Salo ni saɣi n deei li shɛm ==
[[Category:2019 drama films]]
[[Category:2019 films]]
[[Category:2019 French-language films]]
[[Category:Algerian drama films]]
[[Category:French drama films]]
[[Category:Algerian war films]]
[[Category:Algerian Civil War]]
[[Category:Films about religious violence]]
[[Category:Films about fashion designers]]
[[Category:Best First Feature Film César Award winners]]
[[Category:2019 French films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Robin Coudert]]
[[Category:Films featuring a Most Promising Actress César Award–winning performance]]
[[Category:2010s Algerian films]]

== Pina shɛŋa di ni di ==
{|class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;
! '''Pini yuli'''
! Dabsili shɛli pini maa ni deei
! '''YaƔili'''
! ŋun daa deei pini maa
! '''Di naabu'''
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot;| {{Abbreviation|Ref.|References}}
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot;|[[Cannes Film Festival]]
| [[2019 Cannes Film Festival|14–25 May 2019]]
| [[Un Certain Regard]]
| Mounia Meddour
| {{nom}}
|align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.screendaily.com/features/cannes-2019-screens-guide-to-the-un-certain-
regard-titles/5139249.article|title=Cannes 2019: Screen's guide to the Un Certain Regard titles|date=11 May 2019|access-date=3 January 2020|work=[[Screen Daily]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[El Gouna Film Festival]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|27 September 2019
| Golden Star
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot;|''Papicha''
| {{nom}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/5/32/351725/Arts--Culture/Film/rd-El-Gouna-Film-Festivals-announces-the-winners.aspx|title=3rd El Gouna Film Festival announces the
winners|date=28 September 2019|access-date=3 January 2020|work=[[Ahram Online]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Best Arab Narrative Film
| {{won}}
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|[[Seminci]]
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|26 October 2019
| Golden Spike
| {{nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://cineuropa.org/en/newsdetail/380371/|title=This year’s
Seminci Golden Spike is bound for Mongolia|date=29 October 2019|work=Cineuropa|access-date=3 January 2020|first=Alfonso|last=Rivera}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| Audience Award
| {{won}}
|-
| Pilar Miró Prize for Best New Director
| Mounia Meddour
| {{won}}
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot;|[[Philadelphia Film Festival]]
| 27 October 2019
| Archie Award for Best First Feature
| ''Papicha''
| {{nom}}
| align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://wmgk.com/2019/10/29/28th-philadelphia-film-festival-recap-and-awards/|title=28th Philadelphia Film Festival recap and awards|work=[[WMGK]]|date=29 October 2019|access-date=3
January 2020|first=Cyndy|last=Drue|archive-date=18 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018020137/https://wmgk.com/2019/10/29/28th-philadelphia-film-festival-recap-and-|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot;|[[Carthage Film Festival]]
| 2 November 2019
| Tanit d'Or
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|Mounia Meddour
| {{nom}}
| align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/fr/20191027-tunisie-lancement-du-30e-festival-de-cin%C3%A9ma-de-carthage|title=Tunisie: lancement du 30e festival de cinéma de Carthage|date=27 October 2019|access-
date=3 January 2020|work=[[France 24]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot;|[[Thessaloniki International Film Festival]]
| 10 November 2019
| Award by the Greek Chapter of Women in Film &amp; Television
| {{nom}}
| align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.filmfestival.gr/en/professionals-b2b/media-press/27082-60th-thessaloniki-international-film-festival-closing-ceremony-and-awards|title=60th Thessaloniki International Film
Festival: Closing Ceremony and Awards|date=12 November 2019|work=Thessaloniki Film Festival|access-date=3 January 2020|archive-date=18 October 2020|archive-
url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018020209/https://www.filmfestival.gr/en/professionals-b2b/media-press/27082-60th-thessaloniki-international-film-festival-closing-ceremony-and-awards|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018020209/https://www.filmfestival.gr/en/professionals-b2b/media-press/27082-60th-thessaloniki-international-film-festival-closing-ceremony-and-awards}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot;|[[Satellite Awards]]
| [[24th Satellite Awards|19 December 2019]]
| [[Humanitarian Satellite Award|Humanitarian Award]]
| {{won}}
| align=&quot;center&quot;|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://awardswatch.com/international-press-academy-ipa-satellite-awards-ford-v-ferrari-races-to-the-top-with-5-wins/|title=International Press Academy (IPA) Satellite Awards: ''Ford v Ferrari''
races to the top with 5 wins|work=Awards Watch|date=19 December 2019|access-date=3 January 2020|first=Erik|last=Anderson}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
!scope=&quot;row&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| [[César Awards]]
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot;| [[45th César Awards|28 February 2020]]
| [[César Award for Best First Feature Film|Best First Feature Film]]
| ''Papicha''
| {{won}}
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Cinéma : deux Césars pour le film algérien Papicha !|url=https://www.tsa-algerie.com/cinema-deux-cesars-pour-le-film-algerien-papicha/|language=fr-
DZ|website=TSA|date=28 February 2020|access-date=2 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[César Award for Most Promising Actress|Most Promising Actress]]
| Lyna Khoudri
| {{won}}
|}</text>
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    <title>Tib' bindi</title>
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      <text bytes="2731" sha1="hi07v6dqgcbncrr3gwce7sw0q3mpr8c" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; While usually it causes no symptoms; excess amount can result in [[Kpuribu|hearing loss]], pain, or dizziness.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Complications may include otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Risk factors include using hearing aids and earplugs.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Ear wax is made up of skin cells and secretions from ceruminous and sebaceous glands.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is by looking in the ear with an otoscope.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Earwax generally leaves the ears spontaneously.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In cases were symptoms result, removal can occur by irrigation, agents to break down the wax, or mechanical means.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Mineral oil may be used to prevent build up.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Cotton swabs and ear candling should not be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; About 6% of people develop impacted wax, with rates over 30% in older people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2766" sha1="j0yj4yh5ueu265a2n9gbyx115dm2kkq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka y`elimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Complications may include otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Risk factors include using hearing aids and earplugs.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Ear wax is made up of skin cells and secretions from ceruminous and sebaceous glands.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is by looking in the ear with an otoscope.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Earwax generally leaves the ears spontaneously.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In cases were symptoms result, removal can occur by irrigation, agents to break down the wax, or mechanical means.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Mineral oil may be used to prevent build up.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Cotton swabs and ear candling should not be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; About 6% of people develop impacted wax, with rates over 30% in older people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2775" sha1="bkip88et47i304xls1qitwk8tblzm1a" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka yɛlimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛlimuɣisira ni lahi tooi nye otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Risk factors include using hearing aids and earplugs.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Ear wax is made up of skin cells and secretions from ceruminous and sebaceous glands.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is by looking in the ear with an otoscope.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Earwax generally leaves the ears spontaneously.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In cases were symptoms result, removal can occur by irrigation, agents to break down the wax, or mechanical means.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Mineral oil may be used to prevent build up.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Cotton swabs and ear candling should not be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; About 6% of people develop impacted wax, with rates over 30% in older people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2787" sha1="0jcmx17e93nbfrgi3dl8s9wiwitgzw9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka yɛlimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛlimuɣisira ni lahi tooi nye otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye Wumbu kpatuɣa mini Vuri taɣiriisi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Ear wax is made up of skin cells and secretions from ceruminous and sebaceous glands.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is by looking in the ear with an otoscope.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Earwax generally leaves the ears spontaneously.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In cases were symptoms result, removal can occur by irrigation, agents to break down the wax, or mechanical means.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Mineral oil may be used to prevent build up.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Cotton swabs and ear candling should not be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; About 6% of people develop impacted wax, with rates over 30% in older people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2824" sha1="192yghkxnphmhkik2brlf1sevbalfch" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka yɛlimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛlimuɣisira ni lahi tooi nye otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye Wumbu kpatuɣa mini Vuri taɣiriisi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Tib' bindi nyɛla  ningbuŋ binnɛma mini ningbuŋ kom din yirina ceruminous mini sebaceous glands na ni laɣim nam shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is by looking in the ear with an otoscope.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Earwax generally leaves the ears spontaneously.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In cases were symptoms result, removal can occur by irrigation, agents to break down the wax, or mechanical means.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Mineral oil may be used to prevent build up.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Cotton swabs and ear candling should not be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; About 6% of people develop impacted wax, with rates over 30% in older people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2855" sha1="4sjis6w5sxtuacb3i5wlo6h5udpmvjr" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka yɛlimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛlimuɣisira ni lahi tooi nye otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye Wumbu kpatuɣa mini Vuri taɣiriisi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Tib' bindi nyɛla  ningbuŋ binnɛma mini ningbuŋ kom din yirina ceruminous mini sebaceous glands na ni laɣim nam shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila n zaŋ  otoscope n-lihi tib' vɔli maa puuni viɛnyɛla &lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Earwax generally leaves the ears spontaneously.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In cases were symptoms result, removal can occur by irrigation, agents to break down the wax, or mechanical means.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Mineral oil may be used to prevent build up.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Cotton swabs and ear candling should not be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; About 6% of people develop impacted wax, with rates over 30% in older people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2926" sha1="47w074hvxupkriuw72b3amcnwthj59q" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka yɛlimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛlimuɣisira ni lahi tooi nye otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye Wumbu kpatuɣa mini Vuri taɣiriisi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Tib' bindi nyɛla  ningbuŋ binnɛma mini ningbuŋ kom din yirina ceruminous mini sebaceous glands na ni laɣim nam shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila n zaŋ  otoscope n-lihi tib' vɔli maa puuni viɛnyɛla &lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Tib' bindi  nyɛla din tooi yiri tibili puuni saha kam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka doro nahingbana yi polo, di yibbu na ni tooi dɔli kom niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni, bee binyɛra din yɛn  maa wurisi Tib' bindi, bee ka niri maŋmaŋ yiɣili na.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Mineral oil may be used to prevent build up.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Cotton swabs and ear candling should not be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; About 6% of people develop impacted wax, with rates over 30% in older people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2979" sha1="32mp2ix55rgyurkzdb5481ed737hytj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka yɛlimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛlimuɣisira ni lahi tooi nye otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye Wumbu kpatuɣa mini Vuri taɣiriisi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Tib' bindi nyɛla  ningbuŋ binnɛma mini ningbuŋ kom din yirina ceruminous mini sebaceous glands na ni laɣim nam shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila n zaŋ  otoscope n-lihi tib' vɔli maa puuni viɛnyɛla &lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Tib' bindi  nyɛla din tooi yiri tibili puuni saha kam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka doro nahingbana yi polo, di yibbu na ni tooi dɔli kom niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni, bee binyɛra din yɛn  maa wurisi Tib' bindi, bee ka niri maŋmaŋ yiɣili na.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Kpam niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni nyɛla din ni tooi sɔŋsi ka Tib' bindi maa bɛ zoori yaɣira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Cotton swabs and ear candling should not be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; About 6% of people develop impacted wax, with rates over 30% in older people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="3022" sha1="fn53zcr8zzntft63h8dxalu4wd2x6kq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka yɛlimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛlimuɣisira ni lahi tooi nye otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye Wumbu kpatuɣa mini Vuri taɣiriisi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Tib' bindi nyɛla  ningbuŋ binnɛma mini ningbuŋ kom din yirina ceruminous mini sebaceous glands na ni laɣim nam shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila n zaŋ  otoscope n-lihi tib' vɔli maa puuni viɛnyɛla &lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Tib' bindi  nyɛla din tooi yiri tibili puuni saha kam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka doro nahingbana yi polo, di yibbu na ni tooi dɔli kom niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni, bee binyɛra din yɛn  maa wurisi Tib' bindi, bee ka niri maŋmaŋ yiɣili na.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Kpam niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni nyɛla din ni tooi sɔŋsi ka Tib' bindi maa bɛ zoori yaɣira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Gumdi kpula mini Tibili buɣim wuɣisibu  nyɛla niŋsim shɛŋa din bɛ simsi ni ti niŋda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; About 6% of people develop impacted wax, with rates over 30% in older people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459218|Earwax]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="3112" sha1="7hnsl3kwl3bi59tn774lxjqr3hgim0a" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka yɛlimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛlimuɣisira ni lahi tooi nye otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye Wumbu kpatuɣa mini Vuri taɣiriisi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Tib' bindi nyɛla  ningbuŋ binnɛma mini ningbuŋ kom din yirina ceruminous mini sebaceous glands na ni laɣim nam shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila n zaŋ  otoscope n-lihi tib' vɔli maa puuni viɛnyɛla &lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Tib' bindi  nyɛla din tooi yiri tibili puuni saha kam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka doro nahingbana yi polo, di yibbu na ni tooi dɔli kom niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni, bee binyɛra din yɛn  maa wurisi Tib' bindi, bee ka niri maŋmaŋ yiɣili na.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Kpam niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni nyɛla din ni tooi sɔŋsi ka Tib' bindi maa bɛ zoori yaɣira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Gumdi kpula mini Tibili buɣim wuɣisibu  nyɛla niŋsim shɛŋa din bɛ simsi ni ti niŋda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Kobgu puuni Salo ban kalinli yiɣisi vaabu ayɔbu (6%) nyɛla ban mali tib' bindi din ŋari bɛ tiba ni, ka vaabu din paai pihita (30%) nyɛla zaɣi kura ban mali ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="3008" sha1="b2pyayfm03jkftrk789xzjspmzvaq4x" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka yɛlimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛlimuɣisira ni lahi tooi nye otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye Wumbu kpatuɣa mini Vuri taɣiriisi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Tib' bindi nyɛla  ningbuŋ binnɛma mini ningbuŋ kom din yirina ceruminous mini sebaceous glands na ni laɣim nam shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila n zaŋ  otoscope n-lihi tib' vɔli maa puuni viɛnyɛla &lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Tib' bindi  nyɛla din tooi yiri tibili puuni saha kam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka doro nahingbana yi polo, di yibbu na ni tooi dɔli kom niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni, bee binyɛra din yɛn  maa wurisi Tib' bindi, bee ka niri maŋmaŋ yiɣili na.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Kpam niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni nyɛla din ni tooi sɔŋsi ka Tib' bindi maa bɛ zoori yaɣira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Gumdi kpula mini Tibili buɣim wuɣisibu  nyɛla niŋsim shɛŋa din bɛ simsi ni ti niŋda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Kobgu puuni Salo ban kalinli yiɣisi vaabu ayɔbu (6%) nyɛla ban mali tib' bindi din ŋari bɛ tiba ni, ka vaabu din paai pihita (30%) nyɛla zaɣi kura ban mali ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2705" sha1="2p4jhnkw4zkgz1z9p7ukim6upg2rmnm" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', also known by the medical term '''cerumen''', is a brown or gray waxy substance formed in the ear canal.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; It protects the ear from [[infection]], water, and [[Binneeŋa|insects]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; While usually it causes no symptoms; excess amount can result in [[Kpuribu|hearing loss]], pain, or dizziness.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Complications may include otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Risk factors include using hearing aids and earplugs.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Ear wax is made up of skin cells and secretions from ceruminous and sebaceous glands.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is by looking in the ear with an otoscope.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Earwax generally leaves the ears spontaneously.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In cases were symptoms result, removal can occur by irrigation, agents to break down the wax, or mechanical means.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Mineral oil may be used to prevent build up.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Cotton swabs and ear candling should not be used.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; About 6% of people develop impacted wax, with rates over 30% in older people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; In the United States it results in about 12 million health care visits per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="3008" sha1="b2pyayfm03jkftrk789xzjspmzvaq4x" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Earwax|synonym=Cerumen|image=OhrenSchmalzBrocken.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Wet-type human earwax|pronounce=Cerumen {{IPAc-en|s|ə|ˈ|ɹ|uː|m|ɛ|n}}|specialty=[[Otorhinolaryngology]]|symptoms=None, [[hearing loss]], pain, [[dizziness]]&lt;ref name=AFP2007/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=|risks=[[Hearing aid|Hearing aids]], [[earplugs]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=[[Mineral oil]]&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|treatment=Irrigation, agents to [[cerumenolytic|break down the wax]], mechanical means&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=6% (impacted wax)&lt;ref name=Stat2022/&gt;|deaths=}}'''Tib' bindi''', bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''cerumen''', nyɛla ninshɛɣu din nye zaɣu tankpaɣu  m be  Tib' vɔli puuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hor2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Horton|first=GA|last2=Simpson|first2=MTW|last3=Beyea|first3=MM|last4=Beyea|first4=JA|title=Cerumen Management: An Updated Clinical Review and Evidence-Based Approach for Primary Care Physicians.|journal=Journal of primary care &amp; community health|date=January 2020|volume=11|pages=2150132720904181|doi=10.1177/2150132720904181|pmid=31994443}}&lt;/ref&gt; Din nyɛla din tahiri tibili maa ka chɛri dɔriti binnɛma, kɔm n ti pahi  [[Binneeŋa|binneenbihi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sevy|first=JO|last2=Singh|first2=A|title=Cerumen Impaction Removal|date=January 2022|pmid=28846265|journal=StatPearls}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din niŋ ka di ka yɛlimuɣisira tibili puuni la, di yi galisi yaɣi, di nyɛla din ni tooi tahi [[Kpuribu]] na bee biɛrim bee  Nini sabbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCarter|first=DF|last2=Courtney|first2=AU|last3=Pollart|first3=SM|title=Cerumen impaction.|journal=American family physician|date=15 May 2007|volume=75|issue=10|pages=1523-8|pmid=17555144}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yɛlimuɣisira ni lahi tooi nye otitis externa.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2007&quot; /&gt;

Din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye Wumbu kpatuɣa mini Vuri taɣiriisi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Tib' bindi nyɛla  ningbuŋ binnɛma mini ningbuŋ kom din yirina ceruminous mini sebaceous glands na ni laɣim nam shɛli&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila n zaŋ  otoscope n-lihi tib' vɔli maa puuni viɛnyɛla &lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

Tib' bindi  nyɛla din tooi yiri tibili puuni saha kam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka doro nahingbana yi polo, di yibbu na ni tooi dɔli kom niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni, bee binyɛra din yɛn  maa wurisi Tib' bindi, bee ka niri maŋmaŋ yiɣili na.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Kpam niŋ n niŋ tibili maa puuni nyɛla din ni tooi sɔŋsi ka Tib' bindi maa bɛ zoori yaɣira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Gumdi kpula mini Tibili buɣim wuɣisibu  nyɛla niŋsim shɛŋa din bɛ simsi ni ti niŋda.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt; Kobgu puuni Salo ban kalinli yiɣisi vaabu ayɔbu (6%) nyɛla ban mali tib' bindi din ŋari bɛ tiba ni, ka vaabu din paai pihita (30%) nyɛla zaɣi kura ban mali ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;Stat2022&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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      <text bytes="11733" sha1="1l3csi93gvqjzvyp1icd61kg05joq4t" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Gbali ni boɣu|synonym=&quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati|image=MCA Territory Infarct.svg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=&quot;Neurology&quot;|symptoms=Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=[[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;|risks=ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;|diagnosis=Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;|differential=Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=Di dolila di balli &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;|frequency=42.4 million (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre/&gt;|deaths=6.3 million (yuuni 2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015De/&gt;}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/signs|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083736/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/signs|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=The Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=The Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1545–1602|date=October 2016|pmid=27733282|pmc=5055577|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <title>Gbali ni boɣu</title>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1487782|Stroke]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="11733" sha1="1l3csi93gvqjzvyp1icd61kg05joq4t" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Gbali ni boɣu|synonym=&quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati|image=MCA Territory Infarct.svg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=&quot;Neurology&quot;|symptoms=Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=[[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;|risks=ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;|diagnosis=Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;|differential=Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=Di dolila di balli &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;|frequency=42.4 million (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre/&gt;|deaths=6.3 million (yuuni 2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015De/&gt;}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/signs|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083736/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/signs|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=The Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=The Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1545–1602|date=October 2016|pmid=27733282|pmc=5055577|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="11744" sha1="37ujrv2xz5p3n2039i90kwq731nx9cf" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Gbali ni boɣu|synonym=&quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati|image=MCA Territory Infarct.svg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=&quot;Neurology&quot;|symptoms=Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;|onset=|duration=|causes=[[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;|risks=ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;|diagnosis=Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;|differential=Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=Di dolila di balli &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;|frequency=42.4 million (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre/&gt;|deaths=6.3 million (yuuni 2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015De/&gt;}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Donnan|first=Geoffrey A.|last2=Fisher|first2=Marc|last3=Macleod|first3=Malcolm|last4=Davis|first4=Stephen M.|date=2008-05-10|title=Stroke|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60694-7/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=371|issue=9624|pages=1612–1623|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7|issn=0140-6736|pmid=18468545}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=The Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=The Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1545–1602|date=October 2016|pmid=27733282|pmc=5055577|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="11923" sha1="7l1xjgdb2n8266p6d5sth4jl4gzgfmx" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Gbali ni boɣu
| synonym       = &quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati
| image         = MCA Territory Infarct.svg
| image_size    = 
| image_thumbtime = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = &quot;Neurology&quot;
| symptoms      = Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;
| onset         = 
| duration      = 
| causes        = [[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;
| risks         = ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;
| diagnosis     = Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;
| differential  = Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;
| prevention    = 
| treatment     = Di dolila di balli &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;
| medication    = 
| prognosis     = Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;
| frequency     = 42.4 million (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre/&gt;
| deaths        = 6.3 million (yuuni 2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015De/&gt;
}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Donnan|first=Geoffrey A.|last2=Fisher|first2=Marc|last3=Macleod|first3=Malcolm|last4=Davis|first4=Stephen M.|date=2008-05-10|title=Stroke|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60694-7/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=371|issue=9624|pages=1612–1623|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7|issn=0140-6736|pmid=18468545}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=The Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=The Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1545–1602|date=October 2016|pmid=27733282|pmc=5055577|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="11901" sha1="3asref2mymfy2rnzmrtp41nkpuxzrm3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Gbali ni boɣu
| synonym       = &quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati
| image         = MCA Territory Infarct.svg
| image_size    = 
| image_thumbtime = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = &quot;Neurology&quot;
| symptoms      = Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;
| onset         = 
| duration      = 
| causes        = [[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;
| risks         = ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;
| diagnosis     = Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;
| differential  = Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;
| prevention    = 
| treatment     = Di dolila di balli &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;
| medication    = 
| prognosis     = Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni &lt;ref name=Donnan2008/&gt;
| frequency     = 42.4 million (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre/&gt;
| deaths        = 6.3 million (yuuni 2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015De/&gt;
}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Donnan|first=Geoffrey A.|last2=Fisher|first2=Marc|last3=Macleod|first3=Malcolm|last4=Davis|first4=Stephen M.|date=2008-05-10|title=Stroke|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60694-7/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=371|issue=9624|pages=1612–1623|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7|issn=0140-6736|pmid=18468545}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=The Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=The Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1545–1602|date=October 2016|pmid=27733282|pmc=5055577|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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        <id>2003</id>
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      <text bytes="11855" sha1="j5e3nsz2kwhfi3r8diga93ouhsf1ltn" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Gbali ni boɣu
| synonym       = &quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati
| image         = MCA Territory Infarct.svg
| image_size    = 
| image_thumbtime = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = &quot;Neurology&quot;
| symptoms      = Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;
| onset         = 
| duration      = 
| causes        = [[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;
| risks         = ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;
| diagnosis     = Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;
| differential  = Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;
| prevention    = 
| treatment     = Di dolila di balli
| medication    = 
| prognosis     = Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni
| frequency     = 42.4 million (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre/&gt;
| deaths        = 6.3 million (yuuni 2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015De/&gt;
}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Donnan|first=Geoffrey A.|last2=Fisher|first2=Marc|last3=Macleod|first3=Malcolm|last4=Davis|first4=Stephen M.|date=2008-05-10|title=Stroke|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60694-7/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=371|issue=9624|pages=1612–1623|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7|issn=0140-6736|pmid=18468545}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=The Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=The Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1545–1602|date=October 2016|pmid=27733282|pmc=5055577|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="11834" sha1="j8orh6fbnww1dedl2sjq95v5k8xkb23" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Gbali ni boɣu
| synonym       = &quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati
| image         = MCA Territory Infarct.svg
| image_size    = 
| image_thumbtime = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = &quot;Neurology&quot;
| symptoms      = Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;
| onset         = 
| duration      = 
| causes        = [[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;
| risks         = ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;
| diagnosis     = Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;
| differential  = Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;
| prevention    = 
| treatment     = Di dolila di balli
| medication    = 
| prognosis     = Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni
| frequency     = 42.4 million (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre/&gt;
| deaths        = 6.3 million (yuuni 2015)
}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Donnan|first=Geoffrey A.|last2=Fisher|first2=Marc|last3=Macleod|first3=Malcolm|last4=Davis|first4=Stephen M.|date=2008-05-10|title=Stroke|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60694-7/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=371|issue=9624|pages=1612–1623|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7|issn=0140-6736|pmid=18468545}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=The Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=The Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1545–1602|date=October 2016|pmid=27733282|pmc=5055577|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="11402" sha1="1hw6mp9gi7l7n73b3crvtu888r43ax0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Gbali ni boɣu
| synonym       = &quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati
| image         = MCA Territory Infarct.svg
| image_size    = 
| image_thumbtime = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = &quot;Neurology&quot;
| symptoms      = Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;
| onset         = 
| duration      = 
| causes        = [[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;
| risks         = ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;
| diagnosis     = Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;
| differential  = Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;
| prevention    = 
| treatment     = Di dolila di balli
| medication    = 
| prognosis     = Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni
| frequency     = 42.4 million (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre/&gt;
| deaths        = 6.3 million (yuuni 2015)
}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Donnan|first=Geoffrey A.|last2=Fisher|first2=Marc|last3=Macleod|first3=Malcolm|last4=Davis|first4=Stephen M.|date=2008-05-10|title=Stroke|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60694-7/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=371|issue=9624|pages=1612–1623|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7|issn=0140-6736|pmid=18468545}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=The Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="11380" sha1="9np1ddvjdrucevz8whpeql9ljnf10vz" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Gbali ni boɣu
| synonym       = &quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati
| image         = MCA Territory Infarct.svg
| image_size    = 
| image_thumbtime = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = &quot;Neurology&quot;
| symptoms      = Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;
| onset         = 
| duration      = 
| causes        = [[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;
| risks         = ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;
| diagnosis     = Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;
| differential  = Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;
| prevention    = 
| treatment     = Di dolila di balli
| medication    = 
| prognosis     = Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni
| frequency     = 42.4 million (2015)
| deaths        = 6.3 million (yuuni 2015)
}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Donnan|first=Geoffrey A.|last2=Fisher|first2=Marc|last3=Macleod|first3=Malcolm|last4=Davis|first4=Stephen M.|date=2008-05-10|title=Stroke|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60694-7/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=371|issue=9624|pages=1612–1623|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7|issn=0140-6736|pmid=18468545}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013|journal=The Lancet|volume=386|issue=9995|pages=743–800|date=August 2015|pmid=26063472|pmc=4561509|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="10952" sha1="93deq1gnw9asvlf3dbqxy3m1svvlg2y" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Gbali ni boɣu
| synonym       = &quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati
| image         = MCA Territory Infarct.svg
| image_size    = 
| image_thumbtime = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = &quot;Neurology&quot;
| symptoms      = Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;
| onset         = 
| duration      = 
| causes        = [[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;
| risks         = ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;
| diagnosis     = Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;
| differential  = Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;
| prevention    = 
| treatment     = Di dolila di balli
| medication    = 
| prognosis     = Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni
| frequency     = 42.4 million (2015)
| deaths        = 6.3 million (yuuni 2015)
}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Donnan|first=Geoffrey A.|last2=Fisher|first2=Marc|last3=Macleod|first3=Malcolm|last4=Davis|first4=Stephen M.|date=2008-05-10|title=Stroke|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60694-7/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=371|issue=9624|pages=1612–1623|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7|issn=0140-6736|pmid=18468545}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="10948" sha1="sh0maapsd60i3zg6vdrlv96l2c1tj0s" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Gbali ni boɣu
| synonym       = &quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati
| image         = MCA Territory Infarct.svg
| image_size    = 
| image_thumbtime = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = &quot;Neurology&quot;
| symptoms      = Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;
| onset         = 
| duration      = 
| causes        = [[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;
| risks         = ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;
| diagnosis     = Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;
| differential  = Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;
| prevention    = 
| treatment     = Di dolila di balli
| medication    = 
| prognosis     = Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni
| frequency     = 42.4 million (2015)
| deaths        = 6.3 million (yuuni 2015)
}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Donnan|first=Geoffrey A.|last2=Fisher|first2=Marc|last3=Macleod|first3=Malcolm|last4=Davis|first4=Stephen M.|date=2008-05-10|title=Stroke|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60694-7/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=371|issue=9624|pages=1612–1623|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7|issn=0140-6736|pmid=18468545}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Donnan2008&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="10946" sha1="e6guqta7dovruf4h1fvoumnsj0o70j8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Gbali ni boɣu
| synonym       = &quot;Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)&quot;, &quot;cerebrovascular insult (CVI)&quot;, zuɣupurini sarati
| image         = MCA Territory Infarct.svg
| image_size    = 
| image_thumbtime = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = Zuɣupurini foto &quot;CT Scan&quot; din wuhiri nudirigu yaɣili zuɣupuri kpibu , ka diliri nyɛmi ʒi soli n ŋari. Lala anfooni ŋo taɣibu nyɛla binshɛli din bi nei viɛnyela di saha shɛli gbali ni boɣu ŋo ni tuui niŋ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Gaillard |first1=Frank |title=Ischaemic stroke |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |website=radiopaedia.org |access-date=3 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=28 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128000612/https://radiopaedia.org/articles/ischaemic-stroke |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = &quot;Neurology&quot;
| symptoms      = Ningbuna yaɣi yini kpibu, yɛltoɣa bi yɛri vienyɛla, ninsabiga, muɣisigu di yi kana ningbuna yaɣi shɛŋa kpiɣibu beei n zaŋ ku bukaata, kamani boɣu, gbali ni din pahi, nangbani ŋmaligibu&lt;ref name=HLB2014S/&gt;
| onset         = 
| duration      = 
| causes        = [[brain ischemia|Ischemic]] (blockage) and [[intracranial hemorrhage|hemorrhagic]] (bleeding)&lt;ref name=HLB2014W/&gt;
| risks         = ʒi duli, taba nyubu, barilim , kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna nu, shikiri doro, yaan nina doro, suhuni dori shɛŋa&lt;ref name=HLB2014C/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;/&gt;
| diagnosis     = Di dolila nahingbana ni zuɣu anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;&lt;ref name=AFP2009/&gt;
| differential  = Kum ( di yi niŋ ka shikiri bi zoogi niri ʒim ni)&lt;ref name=HLB2014D/&gt;
| prevention    = 
| treatment     = Di dolila di balli
| medication    = 
| prognosis     = Niriba prigili bi paari yuuni
| frequency     = 42.4 million (2015)
| deaths        = 6.3 million (yuuni 2015)
}}

Gbali ni boɣu nyɛla dori shɛli din gbaari nira di yi niŋ ka ʒim bi dori viɛnyela n chani o zoɣu puri ni. Ka lala ŋo che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa kpira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo nyɛla din pu buyi zuɣu : n daam &quot;ischemic&quot; di yi ti niŋ ka ʒim bi zori viɛnyela niri zuɣu puri ni, din pahi ayi n nye &quot;hemorragic&quot;, din kanna di yi ti niŋ ka lala ʒi soya ŋo tahika ʒim yi n kpe zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Di ʒii buyi ŋo zaa nyɛla din che ka zuɣu puri maa yaɣi shɛŋa bi tumdi viɛnyela.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu nahingbana shɛŋa n nye: di che ka niri bi tooi kpuɣiri o ningbina yaɣi shɛli, bee ka niri ningbuna yaɣili kpira, yɛlgola zaŋkana gbaabu bee yɛltoɣa yelibu polo, ninsabiga, bee ka niri ninbili yini zom.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Lala nahingbana ŋo nyɛla din yiri polo di yi niŋ ka gbali ni boɣu doro ŋo pili.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka nahingbana maa bi paagi awa zaɣi yini bee awa dibaayi, di boonilila &quot;transient ischemic attack (TIA)&quot; din gbunni nye &quot; gbali ni boɣu din kana ka gari&quot; saha shɛŋa di lahi booni li gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bila..&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Donnan|first=Geoffrey A.|last2=Fisher|first2=Marc|last3=Macleod|first3=Malcolm|last4=Davis|first4=Stephen M.|date=2008-05-10|title=Stroke|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(08)60694-7/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=371|issue=9624|pages=1612–1623|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7|issn=0140-6736|pmid=18468545}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gbali ni boɣu din daliri doli zuɣu ni ʒisoya tahibu maa nyɛla din ni tooi tahi zuɣu yaali taliga na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa nahingbana shɛŋa ni tooi kpalim hali di yi niŋ ka niri nya tibbu.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Yɛlgola din ni tooi kana niri biɛhigu ni di ti niŋ ka o nye gbali ni boɣu doro n nye: kohingu nti pahi saha shɛŋa di ni tooi  che ka niri ku tooi lahi gbubi dulim.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt;

Binshɛli din zoogi ka di tahiri doro ŋo na n nye: ʒi duli.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;din pahi n nye: shigaari bee taba nyubu, barilim ti yaɣi, kpam yi galisi niri ningbuna ni, shikir doro, di yi niŋ ka niri na mini nya binshɛli dini boli &quot;gbali ni boɣu zaɣi bili la&quot; , yaan nina doro, ni suhu ni dori shɛŋa gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014C&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hu2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hu|first=A|last2=Niu|first2=J|last3=Winkelmayer|first3=WC|title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation.|journal=Seminars in Nephrology|date=November 2018|volume=38|issue=6|pages=618–28|doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006|pmid=30413255|pmc=6233322}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di ni boli shɛli &quot; ischemic stroke&quot; la nyɛla din gbaari nira, di ni niŋ ka binshɛli ŋari ʒi soli din kpɛri ni zuɣu puri ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Roos|first=Karen L.|title=Emergency Neurology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-88584-1|page=360|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&amp;pg=PA360|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Wityk|first=Robert J.|last2=Llinas|first2=Rafael H.|title=Stroke|date=2007|publisher=ACP Press|isbn=978-1-930513-70-9|page=296|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&amp;pg=PA296|archive-date=2017-01-08|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di dabam shɛli di ni boli &quot;hemorrhagic stroke&quot; nyɛla din gbaari nira di yi ti niŋ ka ʒi soli ʒahigi ka ʒim yi n kpe niri zuɣupuri ni bee poli shɛli din be zuɣupuri ni binshɛli din pilli sunsuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014T&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Types of Stroke|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types|archive-date=19 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Feigin05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS|title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies|journal=Stroke|volume=36|issue=12|pages=2773–80|date=December 2005|pmid=16282541|doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Poi ka bi ti yɛli ni niri mali lala doro ŋo, bi yɛn vihila o ningbuna n nye nahingbana shɛŋa din be di ni, ka lahi yaagi o zuɣu foto dini mi shɛli &quot;CT scan&quot; beei &quot;MRI scan&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; &quot;CT Scan&quot; ŋo nyela din ni tooi lihi bo ʒi soya din ŋma beei n ŋahigi, amaa di ku tooi lihi gbaagi ʒi soya din ŋari.&lt;ref name=&quot;AFP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E|title=Acute stroke diagnosis|journal=American Family Physician|volume=80|issue=1|pages=33–40|date=July 2009|pmid=19621844|pmc=2722757}}&lt;/ref&gt;Vihisi kamani &quot;electrocardiogram&quot; din lihiri niri suhi ni tumdi shɛm, nti pahi niri ʒim ni vihibu gba nyɛla bini niŋdi shɛli ni bi bo n nya daliri shɛli din tahi doro maa na.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot; /&gt; Saha shɛŋa, di yi niŋ ka shikiri ka niri ʒim ni, dibahi bahandi kum yi mali niri yuugi, di nahingbana ni tooi chaŋ nti ŋmani gbali ni boɣu nahingbana.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014D&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov|access-date=27 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis|archive-date=27 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Di ni yɛn doli so shɛŋa n gu ka taɣi lala doro ŋo n nye: ka di baligi binshɛŋa din tahiri li na, beei ka di yɛligi ʒi soya din be niri zuɣupuri ni, nti pahi tima zaŋ ti niriba ban mali suhuni doriti ni dori shɛŋa din che ka ʒim gbihira.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Tima kamani Aspirin beei statins nyɛla bini mali shɛli tira n taɣiri gbali ni boɣu doro.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Gbali ni boɣu yi gbaagi so, di tu ni di di valiŋ n bo tibiri suŋ n ti o.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014W&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋo yi pili, ka di daŋ gbaali kamani awa dibaata ni dibaanahi ni pirigili sunsuni, di nyɛla binshɛli dini ni tooi zaŋ tima din nyeligira ʒi shɛŋa din gbihi maa n tibi.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Di yi niŋ ka niri yaɣi shɛŋa kpi, tibbu soya shɛŋa biɛni ka bi ni tooi zaŋ ni di labisi lala yaɣili maa na ka di ni lahi tooi tum tuma: amaa lala ŋo bi zoogi yaɣa pam diniya yaanga zuɣu.

Yuuni 2013, niriba ban kalinli daa yaɣi million dibaayobu daa nyɛla ban nye &quot;ischemic stroke&quot; ka million dibaata ni chanji daa nye &quot; hemorrhagic stroke&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, niriba million pihinahinaayi , ban na min pun nye gbali ni boɣu doro ka na be bi nyɛvuli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;HLB2014S&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 1990 ni 2010 sunsuni, gbali ni boɣu doro kalinli daa nyɛla din boori yuuni kam kamani vaabu pia zuɣu ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa din daa lɛbigi vienyɛla) ka nye din kalinli daa leei pahiri yuuni kam kamani kobigi puuni vaabu pia ( duniya yaɣi shɛŋa lɛbigimsim ni bi zoogi).&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot; /&gt; Yuuni 2015, gbali ni boɣu doro n daa nye dori shɛli din pahiri ayi n tahiri kum na ninsalinima ni, ka niriba ban daa kani ka di daliri nye gbali ni boɣu lala yuuni maa kalinli daa nyɛla million dibaayobu. Gbali ni boɣu ni gbaagi ninvuɣ'shɛba pirigili nyɛla ban bi paari yuuni. Di yi pu niriba ban mali li buta zuɣu, vaabu buyi nyɛla ban yuma yaɣi pihiyobunaanu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fei2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C|display-authors=6|title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=The Lancet|volume=383|issue=9913|pages=245–54|date=January 2014|pmid=24449944|pmc=4181600|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kundivihira ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <title>Rafiki</title>
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      <text bytes="2705" sha1="6wa8yj76knwce8w016s0qqyi1w4loy7" xml:space="preserve">'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader</text>
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader</text>
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader</text>
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader</text>
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader</text>
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
&lt;references /&gt;
FCB)K</text>
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      <id>135871</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-09T15:54:42Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Samaru Samaru</username>
        <id>6396</id>
      </contributor>
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      <comment>/* Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki */</comment>
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      <text bytes="3798" sha1="9ckt1m698vugioecg3var6zvhiovniy" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaŋ kpa LGBTQ nyɛla yuuni pia ni anahi sarika ni. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

Kpaŋmaŋa Pina 
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 
Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.
Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu
&lt;references /&gt;
FCB)K</text>
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        <id>6396</id>
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaŋ kpa LGBTQ nyɛla yuuni pia ni anahi sarika ni. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu

&lt;references /&gt;
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaŋ kpa LGBTQ nyɛla yuuni pia ni anahi sarika ni. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu

&lt;references /&gt;
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaŋ kpa LGBTQ nyɛla yuuni pia ni anahi sarika ni. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu


== Awards and nominations ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+
!Year
!Awarding Organisation
!Category
!Result
!Reference
|-
|2018
|[[American Film Institute|American Film Institute (AFI) Festival]]
|Audience Award:
New Auteurs
|{{Nominated}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-10-04 |title=AFI Fest Unveils New Auteurs, American Independents Lineups |url=https://www.shootonline.com/article/afi-fest-unveils-new-auteurs-american-independents-lineups/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=SHOOTonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Guzmac |first=Rub |date=2024-11-22 |title=Announcing AFI FEST 2018 New Auteurs and American Independents Lineups |url=https://www.afi.com/news/announcing-afi-fest-2018-new-auteurs-and-american-independents-lineups/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=American Film Institute |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2018
|[[Bratislava International Film Festival]]
|Viewers' Choice Award
|{{Won}}
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Cannes Film Festival]]
|Queer Palm
|{{Nominated}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-04-16 |title=Cannes Film Festival Nomination For This LGBT Love Story Makes History. |url=https://thefashionplatemag.com/2018/04/16/an-lgbt-cannes-film-festival-nomination-makes-history/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=The Fashion Plate Magazine |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=madimetja |date=2020-06-12 |title=Watch &quot;Rafiki&quot; on Showmax In Celebration of Pride Month |url=https://sacreative.co.za/watch-rafiki-on-showmax-in-celebration-of-pride-month/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=SA Creatives |language=en-ZA}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Erbland |first=Kate |date=2018-04-12 |title=Cannes 2018: Wanuri Kahiu's Lesbian Love Story 'Rafiki' Is First Kenyan Feature Film to Ever Screen at Festival |url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/cannes-2018-wanuri-kahiu-rafiki-kenyan-film-1201951951/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=IndieWire |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Un Certain Regard
|{{Nominated}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2018
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[Carthage Film Festival]]
|Tanit d'Or: 
Narrative Feature Film
|{{Nominated}}
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;
|-
|Best Actress in a Leading Role: [[Samantha Mugatsia]]
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Music: Narrative Feature Film
|{{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Chicago International Film Festival]]
|Silver Q- Hugo
|{{Won}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Martin |first=Kasey |date=2018-10-20 |title=Awards Announced for 54th Chicago International Film Festival |url=https://www.chicagofilmfestival.com/awards-announced-for-54th-chicago-international-film-festival/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Cinema Chicago |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;
|-
|Gold Q- Hugo
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|2018
|[[Durban International Film Festival]]
|Best Film: International Competition
|{{Nominated}}
|{{citation needed|date=November 2024}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[LesGaiCineMad]], Madrid International LGBT Film Festival
|Jury Prize:
Best Acting- [[Samantha Mugatsia]]
|{{Won}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Rafiki |url=https://providencechildrensfilmfestival.org/films/rafiki/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Providence Children's Film Festival |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Audience Award:
Best Feature Film
|{{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |LUCAS - [[International Film Festival for Children and Youth|International Festival of Films for Children and Young]]
|Youngsters Award:
Section 16+
|{{Won}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2018-10-03 |title=Rafiki wins Bridging The Borders Award at Germany's Lucas Film Festival - Cinema Without Borders |url=https://cinemawithoutborders.com/rafiki-wins-goe-bridging-the-borders-award-at-lucas-film-festival/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;
|-
|Bridging The Borders Award
|{{Won}}
|-
|2018
|[[Merlinka Festival]]
|Jury Prize:
Best Feature Film
|{{Nominated}}
|
|-
|2018
|NewFest: [[New York Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, &amp; Transgender Film Festival|New York's LGBT Film Festival]]
|Audience Award:
Narrative Feature
|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Oslo Films from the South Festival]]
|Audience Award
|{{Nominated}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |
|-
|New Voices Award
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|2018
|[[São Paulo International Film Festival]]
|New Directors Competition:
Best Film
|{{Nominated}}
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Seattle Queer Film Festival]]
|Audience Award:
Favorite Narrative Feature
|{{Won}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;
|-
|Jury Award:
Best Feature Film
|{{Won}}
|-
|2018
|[[Sydney Film Festival]]
|Audience Award:
Best Narrative Feature
|{{Nominated|Third Place}}
|
|-
|2018
|[[Valladolid International Film Festival]]
|Meeting Point:
Best Feature Film
|{{Nominated}}
|
|-
|2019
|[[Black Reel Awards]]
|Outstanding World Cinema Motion Picture
|{{Nominated}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Black Reel Awards - Past Nominees &amp; Winners by Category |url=https://www.blackreelawards.com/past-nominees-winners-by-category |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Black Reel Awards |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019
|[[Dublin International Film Festival]]
|Young Programmers Choice Award
|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Virgin Media Dublin International Film Festival 2019 Award Winners Announced |url=https://www.screenireland.ie/news/virgin-media-dublin-international-film-festival-2019-award-winners-announce |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Screen Ireland |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Leading Female Filmmaking Talent At The Virgin Media Dublin International Film Festival 2019 |url=https://www.virginmedia.ie/about-us/press/2019/leading-female-filmmaking-talent-at-the-virgin-media-dublin-international-film-festival/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=www.virginmedia.ie}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Barry |first=Aoife |date=2019-01-23 |title=Here's what's in store for this year's Dublin International Film Festival |url=https://www.thejournal.ie/dublin-international-film-festival-launch-programme-4454961-Jan2019/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=TheJournal.ie |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019
|[[Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou|Pan African Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou]]
|Best Actress- [[Samantha Mugatsia]]
|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Kenya's Samantha Mugatsia Snags 'Best Actress' Award for Her Lead Role in 'RAFIKI' at FESPACO 2019 - Okayplayer |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/fespaco-2019-samantha-mugatsia-best-actress-rafiki/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=www.okayafrica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2019-03-03 |title=Fespaco: Banned lesbian love story Rafiki wins award |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-47435329 |access-date=2024-11-22 |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Odutayo |first=Aanu Adeoye,Damilola |date=2019-03-04 |title=Actress in banned lesbian film 'Rafiki' wins award |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/03/04/africa/banned-lesbian-movie-wins-award-intl/index.html |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=CNN |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2019
|[[Gothenburg Film Festival|Göteborg Film Festival]]
|Dragon Award:
International Competition
|{{Nominated}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Göteborg Fest announces 2019 programme |url=https://nordiskfilmogtvfond.com/news/stories/goeteborg-fest-announces-2019-programme |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Nordisk Film &amp; TV Fond |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Roxborough |first=Scott |date=2019-01-08 |title=Sweden's Goteborg Film Festival Unveils Gender Neutral Acting Award |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/swedens-goteborg-film-festival-unveils-gender-neutral-acting-award-1172760/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2019
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Kingston Reelout Film Festival
|Kim Renders Outstanding Performance Award:
Outstanding Supporting Performance- [[Muthoni Gathecha]]
|{{Nominated}}
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The 2019 Reelout Kim Renders Memorial Outstanding Performance Awards Announced! – Reelout |url=https://www.reelout.com/2019/02/the-2019-reelout-kim-renders-memorial-outstanding-performance-awards-announced/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=www.reelout.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Kim Renders Outstanding Performance Award:
Outstanding Lead Performance- Neville Misati
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|Kim Renders Outstanding Performance Award:
Outstanding Lead Performance- [[Samantha Mugatsia]]
|{{Won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2019
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Milan International Lesbian and Gay Film Festival
|Grand Jury Award:
Best Film
|{{Won}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |
|-
|Special Jury Award:
Best Feature Film- Cultweek
|{{Won}}
|-
|2019
|[[Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Film Festival|Minneapolis St. Paul International Film Festival]]
|Audience Choice Award:
Images Of Africa- Fiction
|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=McLernon |first=Lianna Matt |date=2019-03-22 |title=MSPIFF 2019 for Fashion Lovers |url=https://www.minnesotamonthly.com/lifestyle/mspiff-2019-for-fashion-lovers/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Minnesota Monthly |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Mshale |date=2019-04-12 |title=African films at 38th Minneapolis Saint Paul International Film Festival |url=https://mshale.com/2019/04/12/african-films-at-38th-minneapolis-saint-paul-international-film-festival/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=Mshale |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019
|The Queerties
|Queerty Indie Movie
|{{Nominated}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-02-28 |title=Queerty Hosts 2019 Queerties Awards in WeHo - WEHO TIMES West Hollywood News, Nightlife and Events |url=https://wehotimes.com/queerty-hosts-2019-queerties-awards-in-weho/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |2019
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |[[Africa Movie Academy Awards|African Movie Academy Awards]]
|Best Actress In a Leading Role- [[Sheila Munyiva]]
|{{Nominated}}
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ochieng |first=Jennifer |date=2019-10-31 |title=Rafiki Wins Two Awards at Africa Movies Academy Awards |url=https://www.kenyanvibe.com/rafiki-wins-two-awards-at-africa-movies-academy-awards/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=KenyanVibe |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=AMAA: Winners from di awards for film inside Africa |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-50176271 |access-date=2024-11-22 |work=BBC News Pidgin}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Best Actress In a Leading Role- [[Samantha Mugatsia]]
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|Ousmane Sembene Award:
Best Film In an African Language
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Editing- [[Isabelle Dedieu]]
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Film- [[Steven Markovitz]]
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|Best Director- [[Wanuri Kahiu]]
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|Best Screenplay- [[Wanuri Kahiu]], [[Jenna Bass|Jenna Cato Bass]]
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|Best Cinematography- Christopher Wessels
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|Best Costume Design- Wambui Thimba
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|Best Production Design- Arya Lalloo
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|2020
|[[Chlotrudis Awards]]
|Best Adapted Screenplay
|{{Nominated}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-01-28 |title=AwardsWatch - Chlotrudis Nominations: 'The Last Black Man in San Francisco' leads with 9 |url=https://awardswatch.com/chlotrudis-nominations-the-last-black-man-in-san-francisco-leads-with-9/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=AwardsWatch |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-03-25 |title=AwardsWatch - 'Parasite' tops 26th Chlotrudis Awards |url=https://awardswatch.com/parasite-tops-26th-chlotrudis-awards/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=AwardsWatch |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2020
|[[GLAAD Media Award]]s
|Outstanding Film:
Limited Release
|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Times |first=The Rustin |date=2020-01-09 |title=Rafiki is nominated for the 31st Annual GLAAD Media Awards + Full nominee list |url=https://therustintimes.com/2020/01/09/rafiki-is-nominated-for-the-31st-annual-glaad-media-awards-full-nominee-list/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=The Rustin Times |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;
|-
|2024
|[[Vancouver International Film Festival]]
|Official Selection
|{{Nominated}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-09-18 |title=VIFF highlights 2SLGBTQiA+ creators and their works • What's On Queer BC Magazine |url=https://whatsonqueerbc.com/queer-diversions/viff-2024 |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=What's On Queer BC • Magazine, Events and Resources for the LGBTQ+ Community |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Dunn |first=Bryen |date=2024-09-26 |title=What's queer at the 2024 Vancouver International Film Festival – Sept 26 to Oct 6, 2024 |url=https://thebuzzmag.ca/2024/09/whats-queer-at-the-2024-vancouver-international-film-festival-sept-26-to-oct-6-2024/ |access-date=2024-11-22 |website=TheBUZZ Magazine |language=en-CA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}


&lt;references /&gt;
FCB)K</text>
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      <id>136027</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Samaru Samaru</username>
        <id>6396</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Update</comment>
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      <text bytes="5100" sha1="o9h424fjes4alew43pcyazpbred85v3" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaŋ kpa LGBTQ nyɛla yuuni pia ni anahi sarika ni. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu


&lt;references /&gt;
FCB)K</text>
      <sha1>o9h424fjes4alew43pcyazpbred85v3</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>136029</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Samaru Samaru</username>
        <id>6396</id>
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      <text bytes="5135" sha1="lg77ssi5k8j8qnkctrdonn6t3tclvnu" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaŋ kpa LGBTQ nyɛla yuuni pia ni anahi sarika ni. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu

 &lt;marquee&gt;== Kundivira ==&lt;marquee/&gt;
&lt;references /&gt;
FCB)K</text>
      <sha1>lg77ssi5k8j8qnkctrdonn6t3tclvnu</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>136031</id>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>6396</id>
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      <text bytes="5135" sha1="jmkjqp0bqpculugmnhovidbqxtqitea" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaŋ kpa LGBTQ nyɛla yuuni pia ni anahi sarika ni. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu

 == &lt;marquee&gt;Kundivira&lt;marquee/&gt; ==
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      <contributor>
        <username>Samaru Samaru</username>
        <id>6396</id>
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaŋ kpa LGBTQ nyɛla yuuni pia ni anahi sarika ni. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu

 ==Kundivira==
&lt;references /&gt;
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      <id>136033</id>
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaŋ kpa LGBTQ nyɛla yuuni pia ni anahi sarika ni. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu

 == Kundivira ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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      <sha1>9didhe2tpnsiliryuuva9stqnfhrimc</sha1>
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        <id>6396</id>
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'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaŋ kpa LGBTQ nyɛla yuuni pia ni anahi sarika ni. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu


&lt;references /&gt;
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      <sha1>o9h424fjes4alew43pcyazpbred85v3</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>136036</id>
      <parentid>136034</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T10:30:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samaru Samaru</username>
        <id>6396</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Update</comment>
      <origin>136036</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5164" sha1="dzs905tnobka5mymfqrzmlpdq17zx71" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Rafiki'''(Swahili for friend) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva as Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati as Blacksta
* Nini Wacera as Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu as John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi as Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha as Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka as Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira as Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji as Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro as Josephine
* Githae Njogu as Pastor
* Mellen Aura as Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto as Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' as Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru as Tom
* Leila Weema as Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku as Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku as Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru as Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani as Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu as Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii as Security Guard
* Edwin Owino as Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi yi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaligu wuhimi bi yi gbaai nira ka O niŋ di LGBTQ nyɛla ŋun ni kpe sarika yuuni pia ni anahi. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu

== Kundivihira ==
&lt;references /&gt;
FCB)K</text>
      <sha1>dzs905tnobka5mymfqrzmlpdq17zx71</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>136037</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-10T10:39:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samaru Samaru</username>
        <id>6396</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Update</comment>
      <origin>136037</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5358" sha1="83p6425yf8lzc64cnemllk78n21pt20" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Rafiki'''( gbunni Swahili nyɛla zo) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva ŋuni nyɛ Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati ŋuni nyɛ Blacksta
* Nini Wacera ŋuni nyɛ Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu ŋuni nyɛ John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi ŋuni nyɛ Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha ŋuni nyɛ Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka ŋuni nyɛ Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira ŋuni nyɛ Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji ŋuni nyɛ Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro ŋuni nyɛ Josephine
* Githae Njogu ŋuni nyɛ Pastor
* Mellen Aura ŋuni nyɛ Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto aɔŋuni nyɛ Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' ŋuni nyɛ Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru ŋuni nyɛ Tom
* Leila Weema ŋuni nyɛ Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku ŋuni nyɛ Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku ŋuni nyɛ Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru ŋuni nyɛ Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani ŋuni nyɛ Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu ŋuni nyɛ Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii ŋuni nyɛ Security Guard
* Edwin Owino ŋuni nyɛ Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi yi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaligu wuhimi bi yi gbaai nira ka O niŋ di LGBTQ nyɛla ŋun ni kpe sarika yuuni pia ni anahi. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu

== Kundivihira ==
&lt;references /&gt;
FCB)K</text>
      <sha1>83p6425yf8lzc64cnemllk78n21pt20</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136038</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-10T10:39:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Samaru Samaru</username>
        <id>6396</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Kperi Kperitiba */</comment>
      <origin>136038</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5355" sha1="e986qpakfma09mdkity06dqluo2vuhq" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''Rafiki'''( gbunni Swahili nyɛla zo) nyɛla Kenya nim kperigu yuuni 2018, ŋun wuhi dini yɛn kperi shɛm n-nyɛ Wanuri  Kahiu. Rafiki nyɛla yurilim kperigu din be buɣisibu ayi sunsuuni, Kena mini Ziki, din bi nya saɣiti zaŋ kana bi dɔɣim ni Kenya politiisi zaŋ kpa LGBTQ polo. &lt;ref&gt;ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafiki_(film)&lt;/ref&gt;

Kperigu ŋɔ bi ni ŋmɛ shɛli Cannes Film Festival, yuuni 2018. Dini n-daa nyɛ Kenya kperigu tuuli din ŋmɛ Cannes Film Festival.

== Dini Kperi Shɛm ==
Kena nyɛla bipuɣinbili ŋun sɔŋdi O Ba John Mwaura ka bi kohiri binyɛra Nairobi shitɔbili ni. Kena Ba nyɛla ŋun be politiisi puuni ni bi piigɔ zali ʒaashee. Kena nyɛla ŋun be O Ma sani, ŋun mini O Ba dii ka fiila. Kena daa nyɛla pili Ziki paɣibu, Ziki daa nyɛla bipuɣinbili so ŋun be bi fɔŋ maa ni ka O sabiri nye kom da bam da bam, ka O Ba yuli booni Peter Okemi, John politiisi nyintaa.

Kena mini Ziki daa ʒi tabi yi bushɛm shɛm ka di che ka bi niŋ ningbina ni taba pam, amaa bi daa zɔrila dabiɛm ni yihi bi yurilim ni taba zaŋ pa polo dama Kenya zalisi bi saɣi ti paɣa mini paɣa bɛi doo mini doo tabi bɔbu.

Ziki zonima daa zabi nyuli domini O saha zaa kpalindila Kena ni, Ziki zonima maa kpɛhi Kena nuuni m bunti O daŋsi ka Ziki daa zabi O zuɣu ka ʒio kuli yiŋ ni O ti mali mali O daŋsi amaa Ziki Ma n-daa ti gbahiba ka bi mɔɣisiri taba.

Bi daa yina zo n sɔɣi, tikum nyihiriba daa nyɛba ka laɣim niriba ka bi ti gbahiba n-chaŋ fukumsi nim sani pɔi ka bi Banima daa naan yi dɛiba. Ziki daa naan kulahi nya Kena, ka O laamba daa zaŋɔ tahi ni O ti be London. John daa zaɣisiya ni bi zaŋ galimi maa ti Kena, hali di zuɣu yi yɛn yihi O ka che O politiisi nam maa bɔbu.

Yuma asham nyaaŋa, Kena daa pali O niya, n kpaŋ O maŋ lebila dɔɣita. Lahabali daa kana ti tɔ Kena ni Ziki labina, ka kperigu naai bi niriba ayi maa nini ni palitaba shɛli polo: bi waliginsim maa zaa yoli bi yurilim nabi kpi.

== Kperi Kperitiba ==

* Sheila Munyiva ŋuni nyɛ Ziki Okemi
* Neville Misati ŋuni nyɛ Blacksta
* Nini Wacera ŋuni nyɛ Mercy
* Jimmy Gathu ŋuni nyɛ John Mwaura
* Charlie Karumi ŋuni nyɛ Waireri
* Muthoni Gathecha ŋuni nyɛ Mama Atim
* Dennis Musyoka ŋuni nyɛ Peter Okemi
* Patricia Amira ŋuni nyɛ Rose Okemi
* Nice Githinji ŋuni nyɛ Nduta
* Patricia Kihoro ŋuni nyɛ Josephine
* Githae Njogu ŋuni nyɛ Pastor
* Mellen Aura ŋuni nyɛ Elizabeth
* Derrick Assetto ŋuni nyɛ Police #1
* Juliette Achieng' ŋuni nyɛ Police #2
* Vitalis Waweru ŋuni nyɛ Tom
* Leila Weema ŋuni nyɛ Elizabeth's Friend
* Perscilla Wanjiku ŋuni nyɛ Mrs Machoko
* Mary Wanjiku ŋuni nyɛ Mrs. Ngugi
* Stephen Ruiru ŋuni nyɛ Motorbike Passenger
* Mburu Kimani ŋuni nyɛ Delivery Truck Driver
* Jane Wachu ŋuni nyɛ Tuktuk Driver
* Justin Mirichii ŋuni nyɛ Security Guard
* Edwin Owino ŋuni nyɛ Otemi Rally Leader

== Di Nyabili ==
Sinii haŋkali daa yimina Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko 2007,ka di Caine pini salim ŋma &quot;Jambula Tree&quot;. Sinii ŋɔ yuli maa &quot;Rafiki&quot;(di gbunni &quot;zo&quot; in Swahili) bi daa piila yuli ŋɔ domini dabiɛm shɛli din be doo mini doo ni paɣa mini paɣa tabi bɔbu behigu ni. Ban tooi zooi ka bi bɛ lala LGBTQ biɛhigu ŋɔ maa, zaŋ di la bi taba n-wuhiri bi laamba ni bi zonima, hali bi yi nyɛ suhu ni gbaai shaba. Di daa niŋ yuun gbaliŋ pɔi ka bi ti nya arizichi n-ŋmaai lala sinii maa. Piligu bi daa bɔri la arizichi Kenya amaa bi daa bi tooi nya, bi daa ti nyɛla shaŋa Europe, Lebonon n-ti pahi United Started. South Africa sinii tuma duzuɣu bini booni shɛli Big World Cinema.

Sinii daa ŋmaai la luɣi shɛŋa din nahingbana nyɛ dabam dabam. Bi daa bɔri ni bi wuhi ni Nairobi nyɛla tiŋ shɛli din mali nahingbana dabam dabam. Africa yili yiiniba pam m-be sinii maa ni, kamani Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai ni Njoki Karu. Yila ŋɔ piibu toondana n-daa nyɛ Patricia Kihoro, ŋuni n-daa ŋme Josephine. Sinii ŋɔ n-daa nyɛ Samantha Mugatsia tuuli sinii kperibu.

Sinii ŋɔ ŋmaaibu saha,Wanuri daa yɛliya,ni Africa sinii simdi ni di wuhiri tahima, suhupiɛlli din so miisim ni tɔbu, O daa bolila Afribubblegum.

== Kenya(KFCB) Zaɣisi Rafiki ==
Kenya Film Classification Board(KFCB) daa zaɣisi Rafiki sinii maa domini di kpaŋsiri la paɣa bɔmi O paɣa kpee din nyɛ binshɛli Kenya zalisi ni zaɣisi shɛli. KFCB daa yɛli Kahiu ni O taɣi mi sinii maa naabu maa ka O daa zaɣisi, bi daa lahi kpahi Kenya nim zuɣu ni, ni bi yi nyɛ so ni lala sinii ŋɔ zaligu ni dio. Kenya zaligu wuhimi bi yi gbaai nira ka O niŋ di LGBTQ nyɛla ŋun ni kpe sarika yuuni pia ni anahi. Tiŋduya ban saɣiti LGBTQ mohi vuri zaŋ kpa Kenya nim ni zaɣisi sinii maa.
Wanuri Kahiu daa zaŋ Kenya Gomnanti chaŋ kootu ni bi che ka sinii maa ŋme ka ni tooi zaŋ li bo pini bini booni Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, silimiin goli September 21, 2018 ka Kenya kootu ti tali Maagi, Wilfrida Okwany daa ti soli ka bi ŋme sinii maa dabaa ayopɔin. Lala saha ŋɔ bi daa kohi sinii maa Kenya tiŋgbani ka ŋmeli siniinima nim ni.

== Kpaŋmaŋa Pina ==
Best Actress pini FESPACO, Ouagadougou Burkina Faso, for her portral of Kena 

Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer sinii Chuɣu, yuuni 2019.

Silver Hugo pini Chicago Tiŋduya sinii Chuɣu

== Kundivihira ==
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      <text bytes="4446" sha1="3ocknxeyiw6xzdkholyqbwmjbginpo3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Symptoms may include [[Kpuribu|hearing loss]], [[Tinnitus|ringing in the ear]], and dizziness; though some may have no symptoms.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Other symptoms may include facial numbness and facial weakness.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Typically only one side is affected.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Complications may include brainstem or cerebellum compression.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

When only one side is involved the cause is believed to be random chance.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; When both sides are involved it is generally related to neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; NF2 may be either inherited from a persons parents or occur during early development.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; The underlying mechanism is believed to be due to loss of the function of a gene on chromosome 22 which results in Schwann cells growing in an uncontrolled manner.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by MRI.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

There are three forms of treatment watchful waiting, surgery, and radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
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      <text bytes="4481" sha1="91fdqxe3aworyrj4zvsv73nmuxhyqp2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro Ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti pahai ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Other symptoms may include facial numbness and facial weakness.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Typically only one side is affected.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Complications may include brainstem or cerebellum compression.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

When only one side is involved the cause is believed to be random chance.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; When both sides are involved it is generally related to neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; NF2 may be either inherited from a persons parents or occur during early development.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; The underlying mechanism is believed to be due to loss of the function of a gene on chromosome 22 which results in Schwann cells growing in an uncontrolled manner.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by MRI.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

There are three forms of treatment watchful waiting, surgery, and radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4480" sha1="c0qnbtgft5yswrudpqa3gye6cyqld77" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Typically only one side is affected.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Complications may include brainstem or cerebellum compression.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

When only one side is involved the cause is believed to be random chance.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; When both sides are involved it is generally related to neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; NF2 may be either inherited from a persons parents or occur during early development.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; The underlying mechanism is believed to be due to loss of the function of a gene on chromosome 22 which results in Schwann cells growing in an uncontrolled manner.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by MRI.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

There are three forms of treatment watchful waiting, surgery, and radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
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'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Complications may include brainstem or cerebellum compression.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

When only one side is involved the cause is believed to be random chance.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; When both sides are involved it is generally related to neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; NF2 may be either inherited from a persons parents or occur during early development.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; The underlying mechanism is believed to be due to loss of the function of a gene on chromosome 22 which results in Schwann cells growing in an uncontrolled manner.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by MRI.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

There are three forms of treatment watchful waiting, surgery, and radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4496" sha1="mg3rjfkebnpu90ji14hxv8twdlmovts" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

When only one side is involved the cause is believed to be random chance.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; When both sides are involved it is generally related to neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; NF2 may be either inherited from a persons parents or occur during early development.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; The underlying mechanism is believed to be due to loss of the function of a gene on chromosome 22 which results in Schwann cells growing in an uncontrolled manner.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by MRI.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

There are three forms of treatment watchful waiting, surgery, and radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Di yi niŋ ka tib' yini konko mali doro ŋɔ, din tahiri na ni tooi n nye shɛlikam.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; When both sides are involved it is generally related to neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; NF2 may be either inherited from a persons parents or occur during early development.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; The underlying mechanism is believed to be due to loss of the function of a gene on chromosome 22 which results in Schwann cells growing in an uncontrolled manner.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by MRI.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

There are three forms of treatment watchful waiting, surgery, and radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
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      <text bytes="4542" sha1="fpi3kyd4sjfize60n0aadi6ihldnie6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Di yi niŋ ka tib' yini konko mali doro ŋɔ, din tahiri na ni tooi n nye shɛlikam.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Amaa Di yi niŋ ka tibaayi maa zaa mali doro ŋɔ, di tooi zooya ka di nyɛla  neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) n tahiri na.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; NF2 may be either inherited from a persons parents or occur during early development.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; The underlying mechanism is believed to be due to loss of the function of a gene on chromosome 22 which results in Schwann cells growing in an uncontrolled manner.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by MRI.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

There are three forms of treatment watchful waiting, surgery, and radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4552" sha1="cx1tcw5mv7chqk0rsgd11mj65zchj90" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Di yi niŋ ka tib' yini konko mali doro ŋɔ, din tahiri na ni tooi n nye shɛlikam.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Amaa Di yi niŋ ka tibaayi maa zaa mali doro ŋɔ, di tooi zooya ka di nyɛla  neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) n tahiri na.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Niri ni tooi nya NF2 o laamba sani dɔƔim bee o bilim ni  saha shɛli o ni na pɔbigiri na la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; The underlying mechanism is believed to be due to loss of the function of a gene on chromosome 22 which results in Schwann cells growing in an uncontrolled manner.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by MRI.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

There are three forms of treatment watchful waiting, surgery, and radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4539" sha1="0z4fw74b65ibmdbti1to2i2m1frxxpt" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Di yi niŋ ka tib' yini konko mali doro ŋɔ, din tahiri na ni tooi n nye shɛlikam.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Amaa Di yi niŋ ka tibaayi maa zaa mali doro ŋɔ, di tooi zooya ka di nyɛla  neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) n tahiri na.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Niri ni tooi nya NF2 o laamba sani dɔɣim bee o bilim ni  saha shɛli o ni na pɔbigiri na la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Baŋdiba n y`eli ni din su ŋa n nye ni di yi ti niŋ ka gene din be chromosome 22  kɔŋ bɛ tuma tumbu  ka Schwann cells pa zoora n bɛ dɔli sɔli.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by MRI.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

There are three forms of treatment watchful waiting, surgery, and radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Di yi niŋ ka tib' yini konko mali doro ŋɔ, din tahiri na ni tooi n nye shɛlikam.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Amaa Di yi niŋ ka tibaayi maa zaa mali doro ŋɔ, di tooi zooya ka di nyɛla  neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) n tahiri na.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Niri ni tooi nya NF2 o laamba sani dɔɣim bee o bilim ni  saha shɛli o ni na pɔbigiri na la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Baŋdiba n y`eli ni din su ŋa n nye ni di yi ti niŋ ka gene din be chromosome 22  kɔŋ bɛ tuma tumbu  ka Schwann cells pa zoora n bɛ dɔli sɔli.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihi n-nya dɔlila nahingbana nyabu ka dihitabli yirina n dɔli  bari maa MRI anfooni yaabu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

There are three forms of treatment watchful waiting, surgery, and radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4602" sha1="l0hno8gqf1nme92z5hvpxesrcw7ucx9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Di yi niŋ ka tib' yini konko mali doro ŋɔ, din tahiri na ni tooi n nye shɛlikam.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Amaa Di yi niŋ ka tibaayi maa zaa mali doro ŋɔ, di tooi zooya ka di nyɛla  neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) n tahiri na.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Niri ni tooi nya NF2 o laamba sani dɔɣim bee o bilim ni  saha shɛli o ni na pɔbigiri na la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Baŋdiba n y`eli ni din su ŋa n nye ni di yi ti niŋ ka gene din be chromosome 22  kɔŋ bɛ tuma tumbu  ka Schwann cells pa zoora n bɛ dɔli sɔli.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihi n-nya dɔlila nahingbana nyabu ka dihitabli yirina n dɔli  bari maa MRI anfooni yaabu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Doro ŋɔ tibbu chanimi n-dɔli soya ata ka ŋa nye watchful waiting, apolisa, n ti pahi radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas are rare, affecting about 1 per 100,000 people per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4655" sha1="ijiwxzv6cjgm4l5t6gh3dckz4xr91k6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Di yi niŋ ka tib' yini konko mali doro ŋɔ, din tahiri na ni tooi n nye shɛlikam.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Amaa Di yi niŋ ka tibaayi maa zaa mali doro ŋɔ, di tooi zooya ka di nyɛla  neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) n tahiri na.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Niri ni tooi nya NF2 o laamba sani dɔɣim bee o bilim ni  saha shɛli o ni na pɔbigiri na la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Baŋdiba n y`eli ni din su ŋa n nye ni di yi ti niŋ ka gene din be chromosome 22  kɔŋ bɛ tuma tumbu  ka Schwann cells pa zoora n bɛ dɔli sɔli.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihi n-nya dɔlila nahingbana nyabu ka dihitabli yirina n dɔli  bari maa MRI anfooni yaabu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Doro ŋɔ tibbu chanimi n-dɔli soya ata ka ŋa nye watchful waiting, apolisa, n ti pahi radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas nyƐla din bɛ yɔli biɛhigu ni, ka mali sali yini (1) ninvuhi tuhikɔbga (100,000) puuni yuuni kam puli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Onset is most commonly in those 30 to 60 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4692" sha1="43zhxj7u08errrjin43iv2yhicvnael" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Di yi niŋ ka tib' yini konko mali doro ŋɔ, din tahiri na ni tooi n nye shɛlikam.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Amaa Di yi niŋ ka tibaayi maa zaa mali doro ŋɔ, di tooi zooya ka di nyɛla  neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) n tahiri na.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Niri ni tooi nya NF2 o laamba sani dɔɣim bee o bilim ni  saha shɛli o ni na pɔbigiri na la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Baŋdiba n y`eli ni din su ŋa n nye ni di yi ti niŋ ka gene din be chromosome 22  kɔŋ bɛ tuma tumbu  ka Schwann cells pa zoora n bɛ dɔli sɔli.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihi n-nya dɔlila nahingbana nyabu ka dihitabli yirina n dɔli  bari maa MRI anfooni yaabu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Doro ŋɔ tibbu chanimi n-dɔli soya ata ka ŋa nye watchful waiting, apolisa, n ti pahi radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas nyƐla din bɛ yɔli biɛhigu ni, ka mali sali yini (1) ninvuhi tuhikɔbga (100,000) puuni yuuni kam puli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ piligu tooi yirina ban yuma be yuum pihita 30 mini yuum pihiyɔbu 60 sunsuuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Women are more commonly affected than men.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4711" sha1="5st1s878cdn2vz0t5x0fyguatwu3wl2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Di yi niŋ ka tib' yini konko mali doro ŋɔ, din tahiri na ni tooi n nye shɛlikam.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Amaa Di yi niŋ ka tibaayi maa zaa mali doro ŋɔ, di tooi zooya ka di nyɛla  neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) n tahiri na.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Niri ni tooi nya NF2 o laamba sani dɔɣim bee o bilim ni  saha shɛli o ni na pɔbigiri na la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Baŋdiba n y`eli ni din su ŋa n nye ni di yi ti niŋ ka gene din be chromosome 22  kɔŋ bɛ tuma tumbu  ka Schwann cells pa zoora n bɛ dɔli sɔli.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihi n-nya dɔlila nahingbana nyabu ka dihitabli yirina n dɔli  bari maa MRI anfooni yaabu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Doro ŋɔ tibbu chanimi n-dɔli soya ata ka ŋa nye watchful waiting, apolisa, n ti pahi radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas nyƐla din bɛ yɔli biɛhigu ni, ka mali sali yini (1) ninvuhi tuhikɔbga (100,000) puuni yuuni kam puli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ piligu tooi yirina ban yuma be yuum pihita 30 mini yuum pihiyɔbu 60 sunsuuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Payaba tooi zooya ka bɛ nye ban mali doro ŋɔ n-gari dabba.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; The condition was first clearly described in 1777 by Eduard Sandifort.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4731" sha1="tr64o2uhpf0fet1vj5ks0dto905fkk2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Vestibular schwannoma|synonym=Acoustic neuroma, acoustic neurilemmoma, perineural fibroblastoma, neurinoma of the acoustic nerve, neurofibroma of the acoustic nerve, schwannoma of the acoustic nerve&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|image=Vestibular-image 0.jpg|image_size=350px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Vestibular schwannoma &lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|pronounce=|specialty=[[Neuro-oncology]]|symptoms=[[Hearing loss]], [[ringing in the ear]], [[vertigo|dizziness]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|onset=Gradual, 30 to 60 years old&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|duration=|causes=Random chance, [[neurofibromatosis type 2]] (NF2)&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|risks=None known&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|diagnosis=[[MRI]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|differential=[[Meniere's disease]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[meningioma]]&lt;ref name=NORD2022/&gt;|prevention=|treatment=[[Watchful waiting]], surgery, [[radiation therapy]]&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=|frequency=1 per 100,000 per year&lt;ref name=NIH2022/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''Vestibular schwannoma''' ('''VS'''), bɛ ni lahi shɛli '''acoustic neuroma''',&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic neuroma (Concept Id: C0027859) - MedGen - NCBI|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/45062#:~:text=Acoustic%20neuroma%20MedGen%20UID%3A%2045062%20%E2%80%A2,Concept%20ID%3A%20C0027859%20%E2%80%A2%20Neoplastic%20Process|website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=27 October 2024|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; nyɛla  lɔɣu din bɛ gɔri n-gilinda din yirina vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) din yiri tib' vɔli puuni chani hali ni zuɣupuri ni ha la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|title=Health Information, Vestibular Schwannoma (Acoustic Neuroma)|website=National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)|access-date=2022-01-03|archive-date=2022-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108215330/https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/vestibular-schwannoma-acoustic-neuroma-and-neurofibromatosis|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ nahingbana shɛŋa  n nye [[kpuribu]], [[Tinnitus|kumsimbihi tiba ni]] , n ti paha ninni sabbu; amaa saha shɛŋa, niri ni tooi bɛ nya nahingbana ŋɔ.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Acoustic Neuroma|url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|website=NORD|access-date=16 July 2018|language=en|archive-date=17 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041744/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acoustic-neuroma/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nahingbana shɛŋa din gba ni tooi pahi n nye ninni chɔɣisibu&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Di tooi yɔliya ka doro ŋɔ mali tib' yini konko &lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro yɛligɔla shɛŋa n nye  brainstem mini cerebellum dihibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Di yi niŋ ka tib' yini konko mali doro ŋɔ, din tahiri na ni tooi n nye shɛlikam.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Amaa Di yi niŋ ka tibaayi maa zaa mali doro ŋɔ, di tooi zooya ka di nyɛla  neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) n tahiri na.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Niri ni tooi nya NF2 o laamba sani dɔɣim bee o bilim ni  saha shɛli o ni na pɔbigiri na la.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Baŋdiba n y`eli ni din su ŋa n nye ni di yi ti niŋ ka gene din be chromosome 22  kɔŋ bɛ tuma tumbu  ka Schwann cells pa zoora n bɛ dɔli sɔli.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihi n-nya dɔlila nahingbana nyabu ka dihitabli yirina n dɔli  bari maa MRI anfooni yaabu.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;

Doro ŋɔ tibbu chanimi n-dɔli soya ata ka ŋa nye watchful waiting, apolisa, n ti pahi radiation therapy.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Vestibular schwannomas nyƐla din bɛ yɔli biɛhigu ni, ka mali sali yini (1) ninvuhi tuhikɔbga (100,000) puuni yuuni kam puli ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ piligu tooi yirina ban yuma be yuum pihita 30 mini yuum pihiyɔbu 60 sunsuuni.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2022&quot; /&gt; Payaba tooi zooya ka bɛ nye ban mali doro ŋɔ n-gari dabba.&lt;ref name=&quot;NORD2022&quot; /&gt; Doro buɣisibu daa yila polo ni yuuni 1777 ka di nyɛla Eduard Sandifort n daa buɣisi ŋa&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Baskaya|first=Mustafa K.|last2=Pyle|first2=G. Mark|last3=Roche|first3=Joseph P.|title=Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery: A Video Guide|date=1 January 2019|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-99298-3|page=2|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|language=en|access-date=7 April 2022|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408191034/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Vestibular_Schwannoma_Surgery/BAyCDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=&amp;pg=PA2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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== Background article maa maŋmaŋa: Africa sinii ==
Daa maa ha Africa daa kuli yirina n zaani Western  kpɛrikpɛritiba ni, din daa tooi che ka Africa ni African niriba yirina n nyɛ &quot;exoticized&quot;, &quot;tumtumdiba&quot;</text>
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      <text bytes="504" sha1="fr85sekb1yqogflqzjzzls1ybz5mchq" xml:space="preserve">'''Paɣaba n'''yɛla ban gba be '''Africa''' '''nima yihibu ni na ka tooi kpɛriti kpɛrigu kam,''' hali bɛ dii bɛ tooi n zaŋdi ba ni niŋdi bin pala shee.

== Background article maa maŋmaŋa: Africa sinii ==
Daa maa ha Africa daa kuli yirina n zaani Western  kpɛrikpɛritiba ni, din daa tooi che ka Africa ni African niriba yirina n nyɛ &quot;exoticized&quot;, &quot;tumtumdiba&quot;  Africa maŋ sulinsi ni daa zani yuuni 1950s ni yuuni 1960s daa yihi sinii na di bɔri ni kamara lebi bingahindili bɛ lala saha maa.</text>
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      <text bytes="811" sha1="sbm609v66tlfwpghlrwf7bpzvggva0h" xml:space="preserve">'''Paɣaba n'''yɛla ban gba be '''Africa''' '''nima yihibu ni na ka tooi kpɛriti kpɛrigu kam,''' hali bɛ dii bɛ tooi n zaŋdi ba ni niŋdi bin pala shee.

== Background article maa maŋmaŋa: Africa sinii ==
Daa maa ha Africa daa kuli yirina n zaani Western  kpɛrikpɛritiba ni, din daa tooi che ka Africa ni African niriba yirina n nyɛ &quot;exoticized&quot;, &quot;tumtumdiba&quot;  Africa maŋ sulinsi ni daa zani yuuni 1950s ni yuuni 1960s daa yihi sinii na di bɔri ni kamara lebi bingahindili bɛ lala saha maa.

Paɣaba daa nyɛla ban tooi kpaŋsiri bɛ kɔba ni African sinii kpɛrigu puuni lala saha maa, lala zuɣu bɛ kpɛrigu daa nyɛla din dii pa din to n tiba, bɛ ni daa ti yɛn n pili paɣiba kpɛrigu maa polo din to zaŋ ti, bɛ daa nyɛla sinii baŋdiba ban bɔri ni bɛ sɔŋ  paɣiba Africa sinii puuni.</text>
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    <title>Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro</title>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459250|Autoimmune disease]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="2471" sha1="8jmsgsv21mkhu4dwrj4653aau0trig4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459250|Autoimmune disease]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="2543" sha1="kbvg01ubn2m546jqxfr9tlvxl3l7six" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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        <id>3942</id>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459250|Autoimmune disease]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="3172" sha1="ja67gu13gztu4soah8klfybvux21vy9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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        <id>3942</id>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459250|Autoimmune disease]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="3246" sha1="qplpw8v4clglfw86nil3kl2sk8174j2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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        <id>3942</id>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459250|Autoimmune disease]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="3419" sha1="ri8jb9pvfvsrya5jkncrzgk70yrnana" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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        <id>3942</id>
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      <text bytes="4376" sha1="978fc4h7yu3dru5oc5xu4i2tw2bb321" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye [[wikipedia:Celiac_disease|celiac disease]], [[wikipedia:Diabetes_mellitus_type_1|diabetes mellitus type 1]], [[wikipedia:Graves'_disease|Graves' disease]], [[wikipedia:Inflammatory_bowel_disease|inflammatory bowel disease]], [[wikipedia:Multiple_sclerosis|multiple sclerosis]], [[wikipedia:Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[wikipedia:Rheumatoid_arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]], n ti pahi [[wikipedia:Systemic_lupus_erythematosus|systemic lupus erythematosus]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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      <text bytes="4441" sha1="kn30xw73xyhbtewq5i0pp68lyxm88sh" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye [[wikipedia:Celiac_disease|celiac disease]], [[wikipedia:Diabetes_mellitus_type_1|diabetes mellitus type 1]], [[wikipedia:Graves'_disease|Graves' disease]], [[wikipedia:Inflammatory_bowel_disease|inflammatory bowel disease]], [[wikipedia:Multiple_sclerosis|multiple sclerosis]], [[wikipedia:Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[wikipedia:Rheumatoid_arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]], n ti pahi [[wikipedia:Systemic_lupus_erythematosus|systemic lupus erythematosus]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ ni tooi to saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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      <text bytes="4537" sha1="9q7zy3sgnme45d1brxld8gw1jhdiriq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye [[wikipedia:Celiac_disease|celiac disease]], [[wikipedia:Diabetes_mellitus_type_1|diabetes mellitus type 1]], [[wikipedia:Graves'_disease|Graves' disease]], [[wikipedia:Inflammatory_bowel_disease|inflammatory bowel disease]], [[wikipedia:Multiple_sclerosis|multiple sclerosis]], [[wikipedia:Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[wikipedia:Rheumatoid_arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]], n ti pahi [[wikipedia:Systemic_lupus_erythematosus|systemic lupus erythematosus]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ ni tooi to saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu dɔlila doro maa balibu n ti pahi di paai shɛm ningbuŋ maa ni&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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      <text bytes="4765" sha1="kwe08z50t07eg8rpybg3076vharpdm8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye [[wikipedia:Celiac_disease|celiac disease]], [[wikipedia:Diabetes_mellitus_type_1|diabetes mellitus type 1]], [[wikipedia:Graves'_disease|Graves' disease]], [[wikipedia:Inflammatory_bowel_disease|inflammatory bowel disease]], [[wikipedia:Multiple_sclerosis|multiple sclerosis]], [[wikipedia:Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[wikipedia:Rheumatoid_arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]], n ti pahi [[wikipedia:Systemic_lupus_erythematosus|systemic lupus erythematosus]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ ni tooi to saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu dɔlila doro maa balibu n ti pahi di paai shɛm ningbuŋ maa ni&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; 

[[wikipedia:Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] (NSAIDs) mini [[wikipedia:Immunosuppressants|immunosuppressants]] n nye tila' shɛŋa bɛ ni tooi mali n tibiri ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
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      <text bytes="5220" sha1="9wqj2lhdbzxh4otrvkcbcpicrrop1um" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye [[wikipedia:Celiac_disease|celiac disease]], [[wikipedia:Diabetes_mellitus_type_1|diabetes mellitus type 1]], [[wikipedia:Graves'_disease|Graves' disease]], [[wikipedia:Inflammatory_bowel_disease|inflammatory bowel disease]], [[wikipedia:Multiple_sclerosis|multiple sclerosis]], [[wikipedia:Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[wikipedia:Rheumatoid_arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]], n ti pahi [[wikipedia:Systemic_lupus_erythematosus|systemic lupus erythematosus]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ ni tooi to saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu dɔlila doro maa balibu n ti pahi di paai shɛm ningbuŋ maa ni&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; 

[[wikipedia:Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] (NSAIDs) mini [[wikipedia:Immunosuppressants|immunosuppressants]] n nye tila' shɛŋa bɛ ni tooi mali n tibiri ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;[[wikipedia:Immunoglobulin_therapy|Intravenous immunoglobulin]] gba nyɛla bɛ ni tooi zaŋ shɛli n tibi ŋa saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;Kat20112&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G|title=Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases|journal=Current Pharmaceutical Design|volume=17|issue=29|pages=3166–75|date=2011|pmid=21864262|doi=10.2174/138161211798157540}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459250|Autoimmune disease]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="5353" sha1="cxkov16an0y2qliqd1ii96m5oxpfjnj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye [[wikipedia:Celiac_disease|celiac disease]], [[wikipedia:Diabetes_mellitus_type_1|diabetes mellitus type 1]], [[wikipedia:Graves'_disease|Graves' disease]], [[wikipedia:Inflammatory_bowel_disease|inflammatory bowel disease]], [[wikipedia:Multiple_sclerosis|multiple sclerosis]], [[wikipedia:Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[wikipedia:Rheumatoid_arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]], n ti pahi [[wikipedia:Systemic_lupus_erythematosus|systemic lupus erythematosus]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ ni tooi to saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu dɔlila doro maa balibu n ti pahi di paai shɛm ningbuŋ maa ni&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; 

[[wikipedia:Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] (NSAIDs) mini [[wikipedia:Immunosuppressants|immunosuppressants]] n nye tila' shɛŋa bɛ ni tooi mali n tibiri ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;[[wikipedia:Immunoglobulin_therapy|Intravenous immunoglobulin]] gba nyɛla bɛ ni tooi zaŋ shɛli n tibi ŋa saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;Kat20112&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G|title=Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases|journal=Current Pharmaceutical Design|volume=17|issue=29|pages=3166–75|date=2011|pmid=21864262|doi=10.2174/138161211798157540}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din ku zooi ka nahingbana niŋdi soochi la zaa yɔli, di nyɛla din bɛ tuhiri n-nyaŋdi doro ŋɔ zaasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459250|Autoimmune disease]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="5439" sha1="6x1hfo7h47fzkm2iftckvfmp3vzw2lu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye [[wikipedia:Celiac_disease|celiac disease]], [[wikipedia:Diabetes_mellitus_type_1|diabetes mellitus type 1]], [[wikipedia:Graves'_disease|Graves' disease]], [[wikipedia:Inflammatory_bowel_disease|inflammatory bowel disease]], [[wikipedia:Multiple_sclerosis|multiple sclerosis]], [[wikipedia:Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[wikipedia:Rheumatoid_arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]], n ti pahi [[wikipedia:Systemic_lupus_erythematosus|systemic lupus erythematosus]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ ni tooi to saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu dɔlila doro maa balibu n ti pahi di paai shɛm ningbuŋ maa ni&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; 

[[wikipedia:Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] (NSAIDs) mini [[wikipedia:Immunosuppressants|immunosuppressants]] n nye tila' shɛŋa bɛ ni tooi mali n tibiri ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;[[wikipedia:Immunoglobulin_therapy|Intravenous immunoglobulin]] gba nyɛla bɛ ni tooi zaŋ shɛli n tibi ŋa saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;Kat20112&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G|title=Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases|journal=Current Pharmaceutical Design|volume=17|issue=29|pages=3166–75|date=2011|pmid=21864262|doi=10.2174/138161211798157540}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din ku zooi ka nahingbana niŋdi soochi la zaa yɔli, di nyɛla din bɛ tuhiri n-nyaŋdi doro ŋɔ zaasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Paɣaba nyɛla doro ŋɔ ni tooi zooi shɛba ni n- gari dabba.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="5530" sha1="gkmup9fkyjb6xy6uf99xmw9lqlv5bcs" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye [[wikipedia:Celiac_disease|celiac disease]], [[wikipedia:Diabetes_mellitus_type_1|diabetes mellitus type 1]], [[wikipedia:Graves'_disease|Graves' disease]], [[wikipedia:Inflammatory_bowel_disease|inflammatory bowel disease]], [[wikipedia:Multiple_sclerosis|multiple sclerosis]], [[wikipedia:Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[wikipedia:Rheumatoid_arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]], n ti pahi [[wikipedia:Systemic_lupus_erythematosus|systemic lupus erythematosus]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ ni tooi to saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu dɔlila doro maa balibu n ti pahi di paai shɛm ningbuŋ maa ni&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; 

[[wikipedia:Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] (NSAIDs) mini [[wikipedia:Immunosuppressants|immunosuppressants]] n nye tila' shɛŋa bɛ ni tooi mali n tibiri ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;[[wikipedia:Immunoglobulin_therapy|Intravenous immunoglobulin]] gba nyɛla bɛ ni tooi zaŋ shɛli n tibi ŋa saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;Kat20112&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G|title=Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases|journal=Current Pharmaceutical Design|volume=17|issue=29|pages=3166–75|date=2011|pmid=21864262|doi=10.2174/138161211798157540}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din ku zooi ka nahingbana niŋdi soochi la zaa yɔli, di nyɛla din bɛ tuhiri n-nyaŋdi doro ŋɔ zaasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Paɣaba nyɛla doro ŋɔ ni tooi zooi shɛba ni n- gari dabba.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; DI tooi zooya ka di piligiri niri daadam niŋbu bee balaga bibu saha&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1459250|Autoimmune disease]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="6013" sha1="s0f2hlz4yyzu6jtg0s7w03a2ntmwqbq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye [[wikipedia:Celiac_disease|celiac disease]], [[wikipedia:Diabetes_mellitus_type_1|diabetes mellitus type 1]], [[wikipedia:Graves'_disease|Graves' disease]], [[wikipedia:Inflammatory_bowel_disease|inflammatory bowel disease]], [[wikipedia:Multiple_sclerosis|multiple sclerosis]], [[wikipedia:Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[wikipedia:Rheumatoid_arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]], n ti pahi [[wikipedia:Systemic_lupus_erythematosus|systemic lupus erythematosus]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ ni tooi to saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu dɔlila doro maa balibu n ti pahi di paai shɛm ningbuŋ maa ni&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; 

[[wikipedia:Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] (NSAIDs) mini [[wikipedia:Immunosuppressants|immunosuppressants]] n nye tila' shɛŋa bɛ ni tooi mali n tibiri ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;[[wikipedia:Immunoglobulin_therapy|Intravenous immunoglobulin]] gba nyɛla bɛ ni tooi zaŋ shɛli n tibi ŋa saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;Kat20112&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G|title=Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases|journal=Current Pharmaceutical Design|volume=17|issue=29|pages=3166–75|date=2011|pmid=21864262|doi=10.2174/138161211798157540}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din ku zooi ka nahingbana niŋdi soochi la zaa yɔli, di nyɛla din bɛ tuhiri n-nyaŋdi doro ŋɔ zaasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Paɣaba nyɛla doro ŋɔ ni tooi zooi shɛba ni n- gari dabba.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; DI tooi zooya ka di piligiri niri daadam niŋbu bee balaga bibu saha&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;Tuuli Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro buɣisibu daa niŋla yuuni 1900 saha&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|vauthors=Ananthanarayan R, Paniker CK|title=Ananthanarayan and Paniker's Textbook of Microbiology|page=169|publisher=Orient Blackswan|year=2005|isbn=9788125028086|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MXMazr0LRDsC&amp;pg=PA169|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=MXMazr0LRDsC&amp;pg=PA169|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="5619" sha1="1nosxx2dk3fac9bvxftbhzse9jt0nch" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Autoimmune disease|synonym=Autoimmune condition|image=Lupusfoto.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]|pronounce=|specialty=[[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]|symptoms=Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;|onset=Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;|duration=|causes=|risks=|diagnosis=|differential=|prevention=|treatment=|medication=[[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|prognosis=|frequency=24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;|deaths=}}'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye celiac disease, diabetes mellitus type 1, Graves' disease, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, n ti pahi systemic lupus erythematosus.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ ni tooi to saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu dɔlila doro maa balibu n ti pahi di paai shɛm ningbuŋ maa ni&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; 

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) mini immunosuppressants n nye tila' shɛŋa bɛ ni tooi mali n tibiri ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;Intravenous immunoglobulin gba nyɛla bɛ ni tooi zaŋ shɛli n tibi ŋa saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;Kat20112&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G|title=Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases|journal=Current Pharmaceutical Design|volume=17|issue=29|pages=3166–75|date=2011|pmid=21864262|doi=10.2174/138161211798157540}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din ku zooi ka nahingbana niŋdi soochi la zaa yɔli, di nyɛla din bɛ tuhiri n-nyaŋdi doro ŋɔ zaasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Paɣaba nyɛla doro ŋɔ ni tooi zooi shɛba ni n- gari dabba.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; DI tooi zooya ka di piligiri niri daadam niŋbu bee balaga bibu saha&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;Tuuli Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro buɣisibu daa niŋla yuuni 1900 saha&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|vauthors=Ananthanarayan R, Paniker CK|title=Ananthanarayan and Paniker's Textbook of Microbiology|page=169|publisher=Orient Blackswan|year=2005|isbn=9788125028086|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MXMazr0LRDsC&amp;pg=PA169|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=MXMazr0LRDsC&amp;pg=PA169|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="5834" sha1="aew4815eorhnxtobuiv2gpi6dudvios" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition
| name          = Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro
| synonym       = Autoimmune condition
| image         = Lupusfoto.jpg
| image_size    = 
| image_thumbtime = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = Young woman with the typical &quot;[[malar rash|butterfly rash]]&quot; found in [[systemic lupus erythematosus]]
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = [[Rheumatology]], [[immunology]], [[gastroenterology]], [[neurology]], [[dermatology]]
| symptoms      = Depends on the condition. Commonly low grade [[fever]], [[fatigue (medical)|feeling tired]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;!-- Quote=Although each disease is unique, many share hallmark symptoms, such as fatigue, dizziness, and low-grade fever. --&gt;
| onset         = Adulthood&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;
| duration      = 
| causes        = 
| risks         = 
| diagnosis     = 
| differential  = 
| prevention    = 
| treatment     = 
| medication    = [[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], [[immunosuppressants]], [[intravenous immunoglobulin]]&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kat2011&gt;{{cite journal | vauthors = Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G | title = Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases | journal = Current Pharmaceutical Design | volume = 17 | issue = 29 | pages = 3166–75 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21864262 | doi = 10.2174/138161211798157540 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| prognosis     = 
| frequency     = 24 million / 7% (USA)&lt;ref name=NIH2012/&gt;&lt;ref name=Bor2010&gt;{{cite book |last1=Borgelt |first1=Laura Marie |title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach |date=2010 |publisher=ASHP |isbn=978-1-58528-194-7 |page=579 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| deaths        = 
}}
'''Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro'''  nyɛla doro shɛli niri ni mali ka di yirina di yi ti niŋ ka o ningbuŋ binnɛma tuhiri o ningbuŋ yaɣadin mali alaafeei.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|title=Autoimmune diseases fact sheet|date=16 July 2012|website=Office on Women's Health|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005144045/https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html|archive-date=5 October 2016|access-date=5 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Biɛhigu puuni doro ŋɔ balibu kuli paai pihinii&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Doro ŋɔ ni tooi mali ningbuŋ yaɣili kam&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Borgelt|first1=Laura Marie|title=Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Pharmacotherapeutic Approach|date=2010|publisher=ASHP|isbn=978-1-58528-194-7|page=579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=riP3pxq2jWAC&amp;pg=PA579|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana din yɔli pam n nye ningbuŋ duhibu n ti pahi wumsim&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooya ka nahingbana ŋɔ kanna ka chana&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Baŋdiba na tooi bɛ jandi baŋ din tahiri ŋa na&lt;ref name=&quot;Bor20102&quot; /&gt; Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa kamani lupus nyɛla din be zuliyanima ni, ka naan yi che shɛŋa dɔriti bee sambanni yɛla ni tahiri shɛli na&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; Dɔr' shɛŋa din be biɛhigu puuni ka nye Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro shɛŋa n nye celiac disease, diabetes mellitus type 1, Graves' disease, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, n ti pahi systemic lupus erythematosus.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoh20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Hohlfeld R, Dornmair K, Meinl E, Wekerle H|s2cid=20082472|title=The search for the target antigens of multiple sclerosis, part 1: autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes as pathogenic effectors and therapeutic targets|journal=The Lancet. Neurology|volume=15|issue=2|pages=198–209|date=February 2016|pmid=26724103|doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00334-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Doro ŋɔ vihibaŋ ni tooi to saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu dɔlila doro maa balibu n ti pahi di paai shɛm ningbuŋ maa ni&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; 

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) mini immunosuppressants n nye tila' shɛŋa bɛ ni tooi mali n tibiri ŋa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;Intravenous immunoglobulin gba nyɛla bɛ ni tooi zaŋ shɛli n tibi ŋa saha shɛŋa&lt;ref name=&quot;Kat20112&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|vauthors=Katz U, Shoenfeld Y, Zandman-Goddard G|title=Update on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) mechanisms of action and off- label use in autoimmune diseases|journal=Current Pharmaceutical Design|volume=17|issue=29|pages=3166–75|date=2011|pmid=21864262|doi=10.2174/138161211798157540}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hali din ku zooi ka nahingbana niŋdi soochi la zaa yɔli, di nyɛla din bɛ tuhiri n-nyaŋdi doro ŋɔ zaasa.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;

Paɣaba nyɛla doro ŋɔ ni tooi zooi shɛba ni n- gari dabba.&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt; DI tooi zooya ka di piligiri niri daadam niŋbu bee balaga bibu saha&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2012&quot; /&gt;Tuuli Ningbuŋ maŋmaŋa tuhibu doro buɣisibu daa niŋla yuuni 1900 saha&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|vauthors=Ananthanarayan R, Paniker CK|title=Ananthanarayan and Paniker's Textbook of Microbiology|page=169|publisher=Orient Blackswan|year=2005|isbn=9788125028086|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MXMazr0LRDsC&amp;pg=PA169|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908184552/https://books.google.com/books?id=MXMazr0LRDsC&amp;pg=PA169|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
      <sha1>aew4815eorhnxtobuiv2gpi6dudvios</sha1>
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    <title>Nuchee kɔbili daŋ</title>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1458565|Distal radius fracture]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="1712" sha1="guqd9lxl60axzwrzt2ocao8rkv0b3rw" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Distal radius fracture|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius bone din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1458565|Distal radius fracture]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="1809" sha1="k2wxpkuncv6987vo7grermvif4u36dv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Distal radius fracture|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius bone din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1458565|Distal radius fracture]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="1863" sha1="k8fxiisibzbjvrglcfcm7n643isqdim" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Distal radius fracture|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius bone din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1966" sha1="se9gblw137ix3byshsgjy1j1x5todhv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Distal radius fracture|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius kɔbili din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Ulna kɔbili din gba nye din miri nuchee maa gba ni tooi deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1458565|Distal radius fracture]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="2394" sha1="bpwat5a5iiu49s6n2wjem24bt1t2ise" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Distal radius fracture|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius kɔbili din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Ulna kɔbili din gba nye din miri nuchee maa gba ni tooi deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
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      <text bytes="2503" sha1="mbesvif20hh58vpsy4ypeil7f5v4t3i" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Distal radius fracture|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius kɔbili din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Ulna kɔbili din gba nye din miri nuchee maa gba ni tooi deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2620" sha1="sgrz24aml9l6niffd6qgkreviits3of" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Distal radius fracture|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius kɔbili din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Ulna kɔbili din gba nye din miri nuchee maa gba ni tooi deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;Daŋa ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila di nahingbana nyabu yomyom ka di dihitabli mii chaŋ n ti dɔli nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
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Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;Daŋa ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila di nahingbana nyabu yomyom ka di dihitabli mii chaŋ n ti dɔli nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu chaŋmi n ti dɔli nuchee subu kamani bakɔi ayɔbu bee apolisa niŋbu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
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Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;Daŋa ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila di nahingbana nyabu yomyom ka di dihitabli mii chaŋ n ti dɔli nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu chaŋmi n ti dɔli nuchee subu kamani bakɔi ayɔbu bee apolisa niŋbu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Apolisa niŋbu mii gba dɔlila saha shɛli ka kabili maa shee kɔba maa miligi ka che taba bee the radius kɔbili

== References ==
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      <text bytes="3390" sha1="la0j6u80b5scmhd3o8qiu9if820h7m3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Distal radius fracture|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius kɔbili din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Ulna kɔbili din gba nye din miri nuchee maa gba ni tooi deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;Daŋa ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila di nahingbana nyabu yomyom ka di dihitabli mii chaŋ n ti dɔli nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu chaŋmi n ti dɔli nuchee subu kamani bakɔi ayɔbu bee apolisa niŋbu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Apolisa niŋbu mii gba dɔlila saha shɛli ka kabili maa shee kɔba maa miligi ka che taba bee the radius kɔbili ji n ti lahi yaɣi bee ka radius kɔbili maa miligi n yi nyaaŋga ka che nuchee kamani 10% laasabu&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Alluri|first1=RK|last2=Hill|first2=JR|last3=Ghiassi|first3=A|title=Distal Radius Fractures: Approaches, Indications, and Techniques.|journal=The Journal of Hand Surgery|date=August 2016|volume=41|issue=8|pages=845–54|doi=10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.05.015|pmid=27342171}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="3599" sha1="aaged3qll6u0hrlp65xbjuk623jhabb" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Distal radius fracture|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius kɔbili din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Ulna kɔbili din gba nye din miri nuchee maa gba ni tooi deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;Daŋa ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila di nahingbana nyabu yomyom ka di dihitabli mii chaŋ n ti dɔli nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu chaŋmi n ti dɔli nuchee subu kamani bakɔi ayɔbu bee apolisa niŋbu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Apolisa niŋbu mii gba dɔlila saha shɛli ka kabili maa shee kɔba maa miligi ka che taba bee the radius kɔbili ji n ti lahi yaɣi bee ka radius kɔbili maa miligi n yi nyaaŋga ka che nuchee kamani 10% laasabu&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Alluri|first1=RK|last2=Hill|first2=JR|last3=Ghiassi|first3=A|title=Distal Radius Fractures: Approaches, Indications, and Techniques.|journal=The Journal of Hand Surgery|date=August 2016|volume=41|issue=8|pages=845–54|doi=10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.05.015|pmid=27342171}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yi niŋ ka bɛ su nuchee maa P.O.P, di tu ni bari maa labi niŋ nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu yaɣa kamani bakɔi ata sunsuuni n nya kɔba maa mali zani viɛnyɛla bee di na bɛ zani&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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      <text bytes="3677" sha1="owzfnojclri80w704mflpt4ukho4rbs" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Nuchee kɔbili daŋ|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius kɔbili din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Ulna kɔbili din gba nye din miri nuchee maa gba ni tooi deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;Daŋa ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila di nahingbana nyabu yomyom ka di dihitabli mii chaŋ n ti dɔli nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu chaŋmi n ti dɔli nuchee subu kamani bakɔi ayɔbu bee apolisa niŋbu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Apolisa niŋbu mii gba dɔlila saha shɛli ka kabili maa shee kɔba maa miligi ka che taba bee the radius kɔbili ji n ti lahi yaɣi bee ka radius kɔbili maa miligi n yi nyaaŋga ka che nuchee kamani 10% laasabu&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Alluri|first1=RK|last2=Hill|first2=JR|last3=Ghiassi|first3=A|title=Distal Radius Fractures: Approaches, Indications, and Techniques.|journal=The Journal of Hand Surgery|date=August 2016|volume=41|issue=8|pages=845–54|doi=10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.05.015|pmid=27342171}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yi niŋ ka bɛ su nuchee maa P.O.P, di tu ni bari maa labi niŋ nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu yaɣa kamani bakɔi ata sunsuuni n nya kɔba maa mali zani viɛnyɛla bee di na bɛ zani&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt;

Nuchee kɔbili daŋsi nyɛla din yɔli biɛhigu puuni pam&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;Daŋa ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila di nahingbana nyabu yomyom ka di dihitabli mii chaŋ n ti dɔli nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu chaŋmi n ti dɔli nuchee subu kamani bakɔi ayɔbu bee apolisa niŋbu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Apolisa niŋbu mii gba dɔlila saha shɛli ka kabili maa shee kɔba maa miligi ka che taba bee the radius kɔbili ji n ti lahi yaɣi bee ka radius kɔbili maa miligi n yi nyaaŋga ka che nuchee kamani 10% laasabu&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Alluri|first1=RK|last2=Hill|first2=JR|last3=Ghiassi|first3=A|title=Distal Radius Fractures: Approaches, Indications, and Techniques.|journal=The Journal of Hand Surgery|date=August 2016|volume=41|issue=8|pages=845–54|doi=10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.05.015|pmid=27342171}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yi niŋ ka bɛ su nuchee maa P.O.P, di tu ni bari maa labi niŋ nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu yaɣa kamani bakɔi ata sunsuuni n nya kɔba maa mali zani viɛnyɛla bee di na bɛ zani&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt;

Nuchee kɔbili daŋsi nyɛla din yɔli biɛhigu puuni pam&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt; Di su la kƆbgu puuni vaabu pishi ni anu mini pihinu sunsuuni kɔba daŋsi zaasa ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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      <text bytes="3897" sha1="8rc93yz1w9n459jgbmjyzarewtn234i" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Nuchee kɔbili daŋ|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius kɔbili din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Ulna kɔbili din gba nye din miri nuchee maa gba ni tooi deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;Daŋa ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila di nahingbana nyabu yomyom ka di dihitabli mii chaŋ n ti dɔli nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu chaŋmi n ti dɔli nuchee subu kamani bakɔi ayɔbu bee apolisa niŋbu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Apolisa niŋbu mii gba dɔlila saha shɛli ka kabili maa shee kɔba maa miligi ka che taba bee the radius kɔbili ji n ti lahi yaɣi bee ka radius kɔbili maa miligi n yi nyaaŋga ka che nuchee kamani 10% laasabu&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Alluri|first1=RK|last2=Hill|first2=JR|last3=Ghiassi|first3=A|title=Distal Radius Fractures: Approaches, Indications, and Techniques.|journal=The Journal of Hand Surgery|date=August 2016|volume=41|issue=8|pages=845–54|doi=10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.05.015|pmid=27342171}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yi niŋ ka bɛ su nuchee maa P.O.P, di tu ni bari maa labi niŋ nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu yaɣa kamani bakɔi ata sunsuuni n nya kɔba maa mali zani viɛnyɛla bee di na bɛ zani&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt;

Nuchee kɔbili daŋsi nyɛla din yɔli biɛhigu puuni pam&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt; Di su la kƆbgu puuni vaabu pishi ni anu mini pihinu sunsuuni kɔba daŋsi zaasa ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooi bi' pɔla ban nye dabba mini paɣa ninkura puuni pam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Abdul-Rauf Moshie</username>
        <id>3942</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1458565|Distal radius fracture]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="3973" sha1="22rxe6w0v2lbky7t6pop626dspsglll" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Nuchee kɔbili daŋ|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius kɔbili din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Ulna kɔbili din gba nye din miri nuchee maa gba ni tooi deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;Daŋa ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila di nahingbana nyabu yomyom ka di dihitabli mii chaŋ n ti dɔli nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu chaŋmi n ti dɔli nuchee subu kamani bakɔi ayɔbu bee apolisa niŋbu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Apolisa niŋbu mii gba dɔlila saha shɛli ka kabili maa shee kɔba maa miligi ka che taba bee the radius kɔbili ji n ti lahi yaɣi bee ka radius kɔbili maa miligi n yi nyaaŋga ka che nuchee kamani 10% laasabu&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Alluri|first1=RK|last2=Hill|first2=JR|last3=Ghiassi|first3=A|title=Distal Radius Fractures: Approaches, Indications, and Techniques.|journal=The Journal of Hand Surgery|date=August 2016|volume=41|issue=8|pages=845–54|doi=10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.05.015|pmid=27342171}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yi niŋ ka bɛ su nuchee maa P.O.P, di tu ni bari maa labi niŋ nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu yaɣa kamani bakɔi ata sunsuuni n nya kɔba maa mali zani viɛnyɛla bee di na bɛ zani&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt;

Nuchee kɔbili daŋsi nyɛla din yɔli biɛhigu puuni pam&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt; Di su la kƆbgu puuni vaabu pishi ni anu mini pihinu sunsuuni kɔba daŋsi zaasa ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooi bi' pɔla ban nye dabba mini paɣa ninkura puuni pam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ ni tooi zaŋ yuuni bee yuma ayi n tibi naai&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <revision>
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        <username>Abdul-Rauf Moshie</username>
        <id>3942</id>
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      <comment>Created by translating the page [[:mdwiki:Special:Redirect/revision/1458565|Distal radius fracture]] to:dag #mdwikicx</comment>
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      <text bytes="3974" sha1="2jfl0icnxanevk5ahaltmmdck7ax5q9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox medical condition|name=Nuchee kɔbili daŋ|synonym=Broken wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|image=Collesfracture.jpg|image_size=|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=A [[Colles' fracture|Colles fracture]] as seen on X-ray: It is a type of distal radius fracture.|pronounce=|specialty=[[Orthopedic surgery|Orthopedics]], [[emergency medicine]]|symptoms=Pain, bruising, and swelling of the wrist&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|onset=Sudden&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|duration=|causes=Trauma&lt;ref name=Mac2016&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy |date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt;|risks=[[Osteoporosis]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|diagnosis=Based on symptoms, [[radiography|X-rays]]&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|differential=|prevention=|treatment=[[orthopedic cast|Casting]], surgery&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|medication=[[Analgesic|Pain medication]], elevation&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|prognosis=Recovery over 1 to 2 years&lt;ref name=AO2013/&gt;|frequency=≈33% of broken bones&lt;ref name=Mac2016 /&gt;|deaths=}}'''Nuchee kɔbili daŋ''' nyɛla di yi niŋ ka radius kɔbili din nye kɔb' shɛli din miri nuchee la yi ti deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Distal Radius Fractures (Broken Wrist)-OrthoInfo - AAOS|url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00412|website=orthoinfo.aaos.org|access-date=18 October 2017|date=March 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702084652/http://www.orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00412|archive-date=2 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di nahingbana shɛŋa n nye biɛrim, moosim  n ti pahi tibigibu bee mɔrilim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Din tooi che ka nuchee maa dalim&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Ulna kɔbili din gba nye din miri nuchee maa gba ni tooi deei daŋa bee n kabi&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Bi' pɔla ni, daŋa ŋɔ tooi yirina di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ diɛmdi dɛma ni yihijam bee cheche buɣima yi ti niŋ gamo bee sarati&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=MacIntyre|first1=NJ|last2=Dewan|first2=N|title=Epidemiology of distal radius fractures and factors predicting risk and prognosis.|journal=Journal of Hand Therapy|date=2016|volume=29|issue=2|pages=136–45|doi=10.1016/j.jht.2016.03.003|pmid=27264899}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninkura mii puuni, din tooi tahiri ŋa na n nye di yi ti niŋ ka bɛ lu bɛ nuu zuɣu&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ balibu shɛŋa n nye Colles, Smith, Barton n ti pahi Chauffeur's kɔbili kabigibu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt;Daŋa ŋɔ vihibaŋ dɔlila di nahingbana nyabu yomyom ka di dihitabli mii chaŋ n ti dɔli nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt;

Di tibbu chaŋmi n ti dɔli nuchee subu kamani bakɔi ayɔbu bee apolisa niŋbu&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; Apolisa niŋbu mii gba dɔlila saha shɛli ka kabili maa shee kɔba maa miligi ka che taba bee the radius kɔbili ji n ti lahi yaɣi bee ka radius kɔbili maa miligi n yi nyaaŋga ka che nuchee kamani 10% laasabu&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Alluri|first1=RK|last2=Hill|first2=JR|last3=Ghiassi|first3=A|title=Distal Radius Fractures: Approaches, Indications, and Techniques.|journal=The Journal of Hand Surgery|date=August 2016|volume=41|issue=8|pages=845–54|doi=10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.05.015|pmid=27342171}}&lt;/ref&gt; Di yi niŋ ka bɛ su nuchee maa P.O.P, di tu ni bari maa labi niŋ nuchee maa X-ray anfooni yaabu yaɣa kamani bakɔi ata sunsuuni n nya kɔba maa mali zani viɛnyɛla bee di na bɛ zani&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt;

Nuchee kɔbili daŋsi nyɛla din yɔli biɛhigu puuni pam&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt; Di su la kƆbgu puuni vaabu pishi ni anu mini pihinu sunsuuni kɔba daŋsi zaasa ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Di tooi zooi bi' pɔla ban nye dabba mini paɣa ninkura puuni pam.&lt;ref name=&quot;Al20162&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mac20162&quot; /&gt; Daŋa ŋɔ ni tooi zaŋ yuuni bee yuma ayi n tibi naai&lt;ref name=&quot;AO2013&quot; /&gt; 

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Pubu:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kontigi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33088</id>
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      <id>135958</id>
      <timestamp>2026-05-09T21:49:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibn Dagara</username>
        <id>1830</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created a new article #Afrocuration2026Ghana</comment>
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      <text bytes="1685" sha1="122miaejp7y4odlvb06amojrho5n6u1" xml:space="preserve">{{Bio}}
''Kontigi''' bee '''kuntigi''' nyɛla binŋmɛrili din be ka goonji ka gbɛngbɛri ŋmɛri li, Songhai mini Djerma.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grove&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Gourlay |first=K. A. |url=https://archive.org/details/newgrovedictiona0002unse_w8l1 |title=The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments |date=1984 |publisher=MacMillan Press |editor=Sadie Stanley |volume=2 |place=London |page= 487|article=Kuntigi}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Bebey&gt;{{cite book |title=African Music A People's Art |author= Francis Bebey |translator=Josephine Bennett |publisher= Lawrence Hill Books |place= Brooklyn, New York |date= 1975 |isbn= 1-55652-128-6 |page=46 |url=https://archive.org/details/africanmusicpeop0000bebe/page/46/mode/2up}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mihi ata ''teharden'' n-nyɛ bɛ ni zaŋ shɛli n-ti pahi Tamashek.&lt;ref name=Bebey/&gt;

Lala binŋmɛrili ŋɔ nyɛla gbɛngbɛnri ni ŋmɛri shɛli, gbɛngbɛri ban be tudu bobli [[Nigeria]] mini [[Niger]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Grove&quot;/&gt; ni gbɛngbɛri ban be [[Benin]], [[Ghana]], [[Burkina Faso]] nti pahi [[Cameroon]]. Di lahi nyɛla ŋan be  [[West Africa]]. Di ŋmɛri biingi sokam ni mi so n-nyɛ Dan Maraya.

==Nahingbana==

==Ŋmɛbu==

==Sample recordings==

==Kundivihira==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.melodydialogue.org/wp-content/themes/melody/AJAX/artist-info.php?id=380 Page with photo of Dan Maraya holding a kontigi. Maraya was well known for playing the instrument and recorded albums.]
*[https://twitter.com/arewahistory/status/832232951266078720?lang=eu Dan Maraya holding a kontigi]

[[Pubu:Nigerian musical instruments]]
[[Pubu:African musical instruments]]
[[Pubu:West Africa]]
[[Pubh:Hausa musical instruments]]
[[Pubu:Afrocuration2026Ghana</text>
      <sha1>122miaejp7y4odlvb06amojrho5n6u1</sha1>
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      <timestamp>2026-05-09T21:51:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibn Dagara</username>
        <id>1830</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Edited</comment>
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      <text bytes="1689" sha1="l5q7vx88c6yegl4t144kjmx18aaslxf" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
''Kontigi''' bee '''kuntigi''' nyɛla binŋmɛrili din be ka goonji ka gbɛngbɛri ŋmɛri li, Songhai mini Djerma.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grove&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Gourlay |first=K. A. |url=https://archive.org/details/newgrovedictiona0002unse_w8l1 |title=The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments |date=1984 |publisher=MacMillan Press |editor=Sadie Stanley |volume=2 |place=London |page= 487|article=Kuntigi}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Bebey&gt;{{cite book |title=African Music A People's Art |author= Francis Bebey |translator=Josephine Bennett |publisher= Lawrence Hill Books |place= Brooklyn, New York |date= 1975 |isbn= 1-55652-128-6 |page=46 |url=https://archive.org/details/africanmusicpeop0000bebe/page/46/mode/2up}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mihi ata ''teharden'' n-nyɛ bɛ ni zaŋ shɛli n-ti pahi Tamashek.&lt;ref name=Bebey/&gt;

Lala binŋmɛrili ŋɔ nyɛla gbɛngbɛnri ni ŋmɛri shɛli, gbɛngbɛri ban be tudu bobli [[Nigeria]] mini [[Niger]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Grove&quot;/&gt; ni gbɛngbɛri ban be [[Benin]], [[Ghana]], [[Burkina Faso]] nti pahi [[Cameroon]]. Di lahi nyɛla ŋan be  [[West Africa]]. Di ŋmɛri biingi sokam ni mi so n-nyɛ Dan Maraya.

==Nahingbana==

==Ŋmɛbu==

==Sample recordings==

==Kundivihira==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.melodydialogue.org/wp-content/themes/melody/AJAX/artist-info.php?id=380 Page with photo of Dan Maraya holding a kontigi. Maraya was well known for playing the instrument and recorded albums.]
*[https://twitter.com/arewahistory/status/832232951266078720?lang=eu Dan Maraya holding a kontigi]

[[Pubu:Nigerian musical instruments]]
[[Pubu:African musical instruments]]
[[Pubu:West Africa]]
[[Pubh:Hausa musical instruments]]
[[Pubu:Afrocuration2026Ghana</text>
      <sha1>l5q7vx88c6yegl4t144kjmx18aaslxf</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Souleymane Cissé</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>K.D.Nburidiba</username>
        <id>4111</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created an article</comment>
      <origin>135981</origin>
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      <text bytes="268" sha1="pewcq494o7mp2rxw2t659zfrglnp3pt" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni.</text>
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      <text bytes="451" sha1="gaepvrrdh1j2acttzdq5ggvyc0g9y7c" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani African sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.</text>
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      <text bytes="696" sha1="fick0oyolsqrh6o2efx3ehhukvxj9sc" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.</text>
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      <text bytes="931" sha1="gpy518hs0oy4ptd2roocuos2x1nxwaz" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.</text>
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      <text bytes="1238" sha1="5zcmtzpf9sx0kias6gz8ssnyzmeoctp" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.</text>
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      <text bytes="1406" sha1="a59uzjzuvq2chd444691p3yj6fqhsj7" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na.</text>
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      <text bytes="1745" sha1="09wx5edva77qbdwodbucwod7yqir7fk" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.</text>
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      <text bytes="2057" sha1="fuxls9htoauvvpszjhjfqyjd0y2i80z" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.</text>
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      <text bytes="2393" sha1="juozoxoulecwnnn0id2r8c4tebkwf0h" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.</text>
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      <text bytes="2900" sha1="olt0d96hselzl0gw08ksjpw7qut42s9" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)</text>
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      <text bytes="3071" sha1="6yj711o86drxeg70dj4ku3qzmben9zn" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)</text>
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      <text bytes="3090" sha1="0ee8egewefd3o5xfyqk31we7rps0iw5" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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      <text bytes="3365" sha1="31khnuj695pwdudynr5x4ugum0m6ohv" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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      <text bytes="3690" sha1="aq69iwkg2qad40rz9f1jf6b0nsvl4nq" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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      <text bytes="3938" sha1="bq902n4kwyuuio8p4yl6db13zqtmh47" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
      <sha1>bq902n4kwyuuio8p4yl6db13zqtmh47</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136002</id>
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      <text bytes="4108" sha1="fkyimwxv8tf9otmtf48uk4zzy96wtq8" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
      <sha1>fkyimwxv8tf9otmtf48uk4zzy96wtq8</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <text bytes="4433" sha1="q3mhaa5wvrf971a4i9x4kblpkow0xjl" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla Mali nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-19|title=Le réalisateur malien Souleymane Cissé, l'un des pères du cinéma africain, est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20250219-le-r%C3%A9alisateur-malien-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-l-un-des-p%C3%A8res-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain-est-mort|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
      <sha1>q3mhaa5wvrf971a4i9x4kblpkow0xjl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136005</id>
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      <comment>Added a link</comment>
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      <text bytes="4437" sha1="o504v2ng68th3u6mb65jc27rloqnjnk" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla [[Mali]] nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi African kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-19|title=Le réalisateur malien Souleymane Cissé, l'un des pères du cinéma africain, est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20250219-le-r%C3%A9alisateur-malien-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-l-un-des-p%C3%A8res-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain-est-mort|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
      <sha1>o504v2ng68th3u6mb65jc27rloqnjnk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136006</id>
      <parentid>136005</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T08:06:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>K.D.Nburidiba</username>
        <id>4111</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added a reference</comment>
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      <text bytes="4447" sha1="424u1mo75ap2lx2kbmui5gn4rehjw4z" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla [[Mali]] nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi [[Afrika|Africa]] kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''Yeelen'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-19|title=Le réalisateur malien Souleymane Cissé, l'un des pères du cinéma africain, est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20250219-le-r%C3%A9alisateur-malien-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-l-un-des-p%C3%A8res-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain-est-mort|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
      <sha1>424u1mo75ap2lx2kbmui5gn4rehjw4z</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136007</id>
      <parentid>136006</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T08:06:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>K.D.Nburidiba</username>
        <id>4111</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added a reference</comment>
      <origin>136007</origin>
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      <text bytes="4451" sha1="qkka6efafc4hgv86t406e9zx7jmpjmr" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla [[Mali]] nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi [[Afrika|Africa]] kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;Africa zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''[[Yeelen]]'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-19|title=Le réalisateur malien Souleymane Cissé, l'un des pères du cinéma africain, est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20250219-le-r%C3%A9alisateur-malien-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-l-un-des-p%C3%A8res-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain-est-mort|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
      <sha1>qkka6efafc4hgv86t406e9zx7jmpjmr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136008</id>
      <parentid>136007</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T08:10:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>K.D.Nburidiba</username>
        <id>4111</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added a reference</comment>
      <origin>136008</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4462" sha1="o6m9te5try49il79fhddwhnki3d3jli" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla [[Mali]] nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi [[Afrika|Africa]] kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;[[Afrika|Africa]] zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''[[Yeelen]]'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “Yeelen”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-19|title=Le réalisateur malien Souleymane Cissé, l'un des pères du cinéma africain, est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20250219-le-r%C3%A9alisateur-malien-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-l-un-des-p%C3%A8res-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain-est-mort|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
      <sha1>o6m9te5try49il79fhddwhnki3d3jli</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136010</id>
      <parentid>136008</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>K.D.Nburidiba</username>
        <id>4111</id>
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      <comment>Added a reference</comment>
      <origin>136010</origin>
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      <text bytes="4466" sha1="1houvk3wukups7uovw4xx66nv0f4k3o" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla [[Mali]] nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi [[Afrika|Africa]] kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;[[Afrika|Africa]] zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''[[Yeelen]]'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “[[Yeelen]]”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o shikuru  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-19|title=Le réalisateur malien Souleymane Cissé, l'un des pères du cinéma africain, est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20250219-le-r%C3%A9alisateur-malien-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-l-un-des-p%C3%A8res-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain-est-mort|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
      <sha1>1houvk3wukups7uovw4xx66nv0f4k3o</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136011</id>
      <parentid>136010</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T08:12:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>K.D.Nburidiba</username>
        <id>4111</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added a reference</comment>
      <origin>136011</origin>
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      <text bytes="4470" sha1="053617zg0gqqo25qrkm10s6ezbt8w6a" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla [[Mali]] nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi [[Afrika|Africa]] kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;[[Afrika|Africa]] zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''[[Yeelen]]'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “[[Yeelen]]”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o [[shikuru]]  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi Mali, n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-19|title=Le réalisateur malien Souleymane Cissé, l'un des pères du cinéma africain, est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20250219-le-r%C3%A9alisateur-malien-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-l-un-des-p%C3%A8res-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain-est-mort|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
      <sha1>053617zg0gqqo25qrkm10s6ezbt8w6a</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136012</id>
      <parentid>136011</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T08:13:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>K.D.Nburidiba</username>
        <id>4111</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added a reference</comment>
      <origin>136012</origin>
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      <text bytes="4474" sha1="r1g7qyuw4yru3decdficjta4gy0uqdo" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla [[Mali]] nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi [[Afrika|Africa]] kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;[[Afrika|Africa]] zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''[[Yeelen]]'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “[[Yeelen]]”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o [[shikuru]]  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi [[Mali]], n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkursani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni Film.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be Burkina Faso la.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-19|title=Le réalisateur malien Souleymane Cissé, l'un des pères du cinéma africain, est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20250219-le-r%C3%A9alisateur-malien-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-l-un-des-p%C3%A8res-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain-est-mort|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
      <sha1>r1g7qyuw4yru3decdficjta4gy0uqdo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>136013</id>
      <parentid>136012</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-05-10T08:16:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>K.D.Nburidiba</username>
        <id>4111</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added a reference</comment>
      <origin>136013</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="4473" sha1="hao64kktu4mbo7iv98u9mya5j9v0w09" xml:space="preserve">'''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla [[Mali]] nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi [[Afrika|Africa]] kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;[[Afrika|Africa]] zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''[[Yeelen]]'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “[[Yeelen]]”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o [[shikuru]]  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi [[Mali]], n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkuraani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be [[Burkina Faso]] la.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-19|title=Le réalisateur malien Souleymane Cissé, l'un des pères du cinéma africain, est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20250219-le-r%C3%A9alisateur-malien-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-l-un-des-p%C3%A8res-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain-est-mort|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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{{Bio}}
'''Che ka sabbu maa di shim''''''Souleymane Cissé''' (ka bɛ dɔɣi o la dabisili 21 April goli ni yuuni 1940 – dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025) nyɛla [[Mali]] nira ŋun lihiri ka bɛ kpɛriti sinii, o nyɛla ŋun nyɛ tuuli saha shɛli kpɛrikpɛrita ŋun pahi [[Afrika|Africa]] kpɛrikpɛritiba ni&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Movies Other{{!}}|url=https://bostonphoenix.com/boston/movies/reviews/documents/02004517.htm|access-date=2026-05-10|website=bostonphoenix.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;. O daa nyɛla bɛ ni bɔli so &quot;[[Afrika|Africa]] zaa kpɛrikpɛrita biiŋa&quot; ka o sinii shɛli on daa bɔli ''[[Yeelen]]'' maa ni bɛ bɔli li  &quot;sinii shɛli din kpee kani Africa sinii nima ni zaa&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moma|first=José|date=2022-08-31|title=Negotiations in international procurement management|url=https://doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.122950|journal=Conjuntura Austral|volume=13|issue=63|pages=81–94|doi=10.22456/2178-8839.122950|issn=2178-8839}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ŋuna n daa nyɛ tuuli ŋun lihiri ka bɛ ŋmaari sinii m be sub-Saharan Africa ka tooi di pini, Cannes sinii chuɣu puhibu la ni yuuni 1987, ka di nyɛla “[[Yeelen]]”,  ka o daa zaŋ n di Lala pini maa. Bɛ daa ti o mi Salma koochi yuuni 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-25|title=Tous les cinémas du monde - Hommage à Souleymane Cissé, pionnier du cinéma africain|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/tous-les-cin%C3%A9mas-du-monde/20250225-hommage-%C3%A0-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-pionnier-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== O biɛhigu ni o tuma ==
Bɛ dɔɣi o la Bamako ka o zooi  Muslim nima puuni,  Souleymane Cissé daa nyɛla ŋun suhi zabira o bilim ni zaa. o chaŋla o [[shikuru]]  Dakar ka labi Mali yuuni 1960 bɛ ni daa deei bɛ maŋa sulinsi naai.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015-05-12|title=Souleymane Cissé, le doyen du cinéma africain à Cannes|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20150512-souleymane-cisse-doyen-cinema-africain-festival-cannes|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O sinii tuma ni yɛn pili, o pili mi ni yɛl' kura yɛlibu zuɣulana paa zaŋ kpa  Patrice Lumumba gbaabu la ni. Ŋo ni daa zaŋ o haŋkali ni niŋ o dahalali sinii ŋmaabu puuni , ka o daa nya sɔŋsim  Gerasimov shikuru din nyɛ sinii ŋmaabu la puuni, ni Moscow shikuru din nyɛ sinii mini tiivi la ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Souleymane CISSÉ|url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/p/souleymane-cisse-3/|access-date=2026-05-10|website=Festival de Cannes|language=fr-FR}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yuuni 1970 o daa nyɛla ŋun lahi labi [[Mali]], n ti pahi and joined minista zaŋ ti yɛl' tɔɣisi zuɣu n nyɛ siniiŋmaara, ka daa yihi sinii kura kura zaɣ' bihi na. Yuma ayi nyaaŋa, o daa yihi o tuuli sinii din dii bɛ waɣa na ka bɔli li Cinq jours d’une vie (dabaa anu biɛhigu puuni), ka di yɛri nachimbila so ŋun daa yi Alkuraani shikuru bɔhimbu shee ka chaŋ n ti lebi tayiɣa m be pala zuɣu yɛl' tɔɣa. Cinq Jours daa zaŋ sinii ŋɔ ni wuhi niriba  Carthage sinii chuɣu puhibu ni.

Yuuni 1974, Cissé daa yihi o tuuli sinii din saɣi sinii na  ka di nyɛ Bambara balli ni ka bɔli li, ''Den muso'' (''bipuɣinbila maa''), lala yɛltɔɣ' taɣimalisi ŋɔ daa daa nyɛla bipuɣinbila ŋun daa nyɛ birigi so bɛ ni daa zaŋ n doni ka o kpuɣi puli, ka o niriba zaa daa zaɣisi o hali o ba gba.

== O kpibu ==
Cissé daa kpila Bamako ashibiti ni, Mali tingbanni dabisili 19 February goli ni yuuni 2025, ka daa mali yuun' pihinu ni anahi 84. Pɔi ka o naan yi kpi, bɛ daa zali mi ni o lebi daanbolo n ti  &quot;fiction feature film&quot; jury 29th edition of Fespaco, dabisili 22 February goli ni Ouagadougou yaɣili din be [[Burkina Faso]] la.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2025-02-19|title=Le réalisateur malien Souleymane Cissé, l'un des pères du cinéma africain, est mort|url=https://www.rfi.fr/fr/culture/20250219-le-r%C3%A9alisateur-malien-souleymane-ciss%C3%A9-l-un-des-p%C3%A8res-du-cin%C3%A9ma-africain-est-mort|access-date=2026-05-10|website=RFI|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Siniiŋmara ==

* ''L’aspirant'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Source d’inspiration'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1968)
* ''Dégal à Dialloubé'' (1970)
* ''Fête du Sanké'' (1971)
* ''Cinq jours d’une vie'' (1972)
* ''Den muso'' (1975)
* ''L’homme et ses idoles'' (sinii jia, yuuni 1975)
* ''Baara'' (1978)
* ''Chanteurs traditionnels des Iles Seychelles'' (1978)
* ''Finye'' (1982)
* ''Yeelen'' (1987)
* ''Waati'' (1995)
* ''Yɛlimima a ni nyɛ so'' (2009)
* ''O Sembene!'' (2013)
* ''Ti yiŋa'' (2015)

== Kundivihira ==</text>
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    <title>District 9</title>
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      <text bytes="121" sha1="edo3iakur4n6xscvld7i7bc0i5q2xje" xml:space="preserve">'''''District 9''''' nyɛla yuuni 2009 tabibi tabiibi sinii ka Neill Blomkamp nyɛ ŋun sabili ka lahi lihi ka di kpɛri.</text>
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      <text bytes="133" sha1="jie6ddgda5f4n6w8mryezysy1chwwbl" xml:space="preserve">'''''District 9''''' nyɛla yuuni 2009 tabibi tabiibi sinii ka Neill Blomkamp nyɛ ŋun sabili ka lahi lihi ka di kpɛri.

== Plot ==</text>
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      <text bytes="2334" sha1="q9mmvb183hiz81pkoe9brnrq6gvq74u" xml:space="preserve">'''''District 9''''' nyɛla yuuni 2009 tabibi tabiibi sinii ka Neill Blomkamp nyɛ ŋun sabili ka lahi lihi ka di kpɛri.

== Plot ==

== Ban be sinii maa puuni ==

* Sharlto Copley ka o nyɛ Wikus van de Merwe, a mild-mannered, shy, bumbling, awkward bureaucrat at the MNU Department of Alien Affairs, who becomes infected with an alien fluid, slowly turning him into one of the &quot;prawns&quot;. This was the first time acting professionally in a feature film for Copley, a friend of director Blomkamp.
* Jason Cope ka o nyɛ Christopher &quot;Chris&quot; Johnson, a District 9 prawn who assists Wikus in fighting MNU.
** Cope gba daa nyɛla UKNR kpema ni aliens nima zaa 
* David James ka o nyɛ Colonel Koobus Venter, an aggressive, sadistic, and speciesist PMC mercenary-soldier bɛ ni daa tim so ni o ti gbaai Wikus la.
* Vanessa Haywood as Tania Smit-van de Merwe, Wikus's wife.
* Mandla Gaduka ka o nyɛ Fundiswa Mhlanga, Wikus zuɣulana paa ka bɔhinda niriba yihibu shee.
* Eugene Wanangwa Khumbanyiwa ka o nyɛ Obasanjo, a paralyzed psychopathic Nigeria tayiɣisi kpɛma ŋun diri alien nima ka tooi mali bɛ tɔbu niɛma n tuhira
* Louis Minnaar ka o nyɛ Piet Smit, managing director nti MNU South Africa ni  Wikus diɛmba
* Kenneth Nkosi ka o nyɛ Thomas, ka nyɛ MNU waasimani ni  zo ni ti Wikus
* William Allen Young ka o nyɛ Dirk Michaels, the CEO of MNU
* Nathalie Boltt ka o nyɛ Sarah Livingstone, a sociologist at Kempton Park University
* Sylvaine Strike ka o nyɛ Katrina McKenzie, ni nyɛ dɔɣite m be Department of Social Assistance
* John Sumner ka o nyɛ Les Feldman, a MIL engineer
* Nick Blake ka o nyɛ Francois Moraneu, a member of the CIV Engineer Team
* Jed Brophy ka o nyɛ James Hope, an officer with the SAPS Alien Crimes Unit
* Vittorio Leonardi as Michael Bloemstein, MNU Department of Alien Civil Affairs
* Johan van Schoor ka o nyɛ Nicolaas van de Merwe, Wikus ba
* Marian Hooman ka o nyɛ Sandra van de Merwe, Wikus ma
* Jonathan Taylor ka o nyɛ the Doctor
* Stella Steenkamp ka o nyɛ Phyllis Sinderson, MNU Alien Relations
* Tim Gordon ka o nyɛ Clive Henderson, an entomologist at WLG University
* Nick Boraine ka o nyɛ Lieutenant Weldon, Colonel Venter's right-hand man
* Robert Hobbs ka o nyɛ Ross Pienaar, an MNU mercenary
* Trevor Coppola ka o nyɛ MNU Mercenary
* Morne Erasmus ka o nyɛ MNU Medic</text>
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