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China
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2026-07-01T04:14:42Z
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{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = People's Republic of China
| common_name = China
| native_name = {{Native name|zh-Hans-CN|中华人民共和国|italic=no}}<br>{{Small|{{Transliteration|zh|Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó}}{{Nbsp}}([[Pinyin]])}}
| image_flag = Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg
| image_coat = 中華人民共和國國徽.svg
| other_symbol =
| other_symbol_type =
| symbol_type = [[National Emblem of the People's Republic of China|Emblem]]
| motto = <!-- The PRC does not have an official motto, please do NOT add its unofficial motto to this parameter as it's unsourced on whether it's official or not. Please see the talk page for the specifics. -->
| national_anthem = <br />{{Lang|zh-Hans-CN|义勇军进行曲}}<br />{{Transliteration|zh|Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ}}<br />"[[March of the Volunteers|March of the Volunteers]]"{{Parabr}}{{Center| }}
| image_map = CHN orthographic.svg
| map_width = 250px
| map_caption = {{Legend|#336830|Location of the People's Republic of China}}{{Legend|#61E760|[[Territorial disputes of the People's Republic of China|Territory claimed but not controlled]]}}
| capital = [[Beijing]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|39|55|N|116|23|E|type:city(21,000,000)_region:CN-BJ}}
| largest_settlement = [[Shanghai]]
| largest_settlement_type = city<br />{{Nobold|by [[List of cities in China by population|urban population]]}}
| official_languages = {{Nowrap|[[Standard Chinese]] (''de facto'')<ref name="Adamson & Feng">{{Cite book |last1=Adamson |first1=Bob |last2=Feng |first2=Anwei |title=Multilingual China: National, Minority and Foreign Languages |date=27 December 2021 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-48702-2 |page=90 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GQdSEAAAQBAJ |quotation=Despite not being defined as such in the Constitution, ''Putonghua'' enjoys ''de facto'' status of the official language in China and is legislated as the standard form of Chinese.}}</ref>}}
| languages_type = [[Official script]]
| languages_sub = yes
| languages = [[Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified Chinese]]
| religion = {{Ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;|33.4% [[Buddhism in China|Buddhism]]|25.2% [[Irreligion in China|no religion]]|19.6% [[Taoism]]|17.7% other [[Chinese folk religion|folk beliefs]]|2.5% [[Christianity in China|Christianity]]|1.6% [[Islam in China|Islam]]}}
| religion_ref = <ref name=religion2023>2023 approximations of the statistics from the [[China Family Panel Studies|China Family Panel Studies]] (CFPS) of the year 2018, as contained in the following analyses:
* {{Cite web|title=Measuring Religion in China|publisher=Pew Research Center|date=30 August 2023|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2023/08/PF_2023.08.30_religion-china_REPORT.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230909075729/https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2023/08/PF_2023.08.30_religion-china_REPORT.pdf|archive-date=9 September 2023|url-status=live}} {{Cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/08/30/measuring-religion-in-china/|title=Website|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930132002/https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/08/30/measuring-religion-in-china/|archive-date=30 September 2023|url-status=live}} This study by the Pew Research Center is a compilation of statistics from reliable surveys holden throughout the 2010s and early 2020s, with an emphasis on the CFPS 2018.
* {{Cite journal|last=Wenzel-Teuber|first=Katharina|title=Statistics on Religions and Churches in the People's Republic of China – Update for the Year 2022|journal=Religions & Christianity in Today's China|volume=XIII|pages=18–44|year=2023|publisher=China Zentrum|issn=2192-9289|url=https://www.china-zentrum.de/fileadmin/PDF-Dateien/E-Journal_RCTC/2023/RCTC_2023-2.18-44_Wenzel-Teuber_-_Statistics_on_Religions_and_Churches_in_the_People%E2%80%99s_Republic_of_China_%E2%80%93_Update_for_the_Year_2022.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623210716/https://www.china-zentrum.de/fileadmin/PDF-Dateien/E-Journal_RCTC/2023/RCTC_2023-2.18-44_Wenzel-Teuber_-_Statistics_on_Religions_and_Churches_in_the_People%E2%80%99s_Republic_of_China_%E2%80%93_Update_for_the_Year_2022.pdf|archive-date=23 June 2023|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite journal|last1=Zhang|first1=Chunni|last2=Lu|first2=Yunfeng|last3=He|first3=Sheng|title=Exploring Chinese folk religion: Popularity, diffuseness, and diversities|journal=Chinese Journal of Sociology|volume=7|number=4|pages=575–592|year=2021|publisher=SAGE Publications|doi=10.1177/2057150X211042687|url=http://www.shehui.pku.edu.cn/upload/editor/file/20220323/20220323092720_6133.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015040713/http://www.shehui.pku.edu.cn/upload/editor/file/20220323/20220323092720_6133.pdf|archive-date=15 October 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
| religion_year = 2023
| ethnic_groups = {{Ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;|91.1% [[Han Chinese]]|8.9% [[List of ethnic groups in China|others]]}}
| ethnic_groups_year = 2020
| ethnic_groups_ref = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202105/t20210510_1817185.html|title=Main Data of the Seventh National Population Census|website=Stats.gov.cn|access-date=25 July 2021}}</ref>
| demonym = Chinese
<!---- Note: Describing the PRC's government type has been a contentious issue. Please read the archives of past discussions before making or proposing changes. ----->| government_type = Unitary [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] one-party <!-- The Wikipedia page for one-party state describes it as "a type of state in which one political party has the right to form the government, usually based on the existing constitution". In 2018, the Chinese government added the CCP's leadership to the constitution, which officially makes China both a de jure and a de facto one-party state. -->[[Socialist state|socialist republic]]
| leader_title1 = [[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party|CCP General Secretary]]<br />[[President of the People's Republic of China|President]]<br />[[Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)|CMC Chairman]]{{Efn|[[Supreme Military Command of the People's Republic of China|Supreme Commander]] of the Armed Forces}}
| leader_name1 = [[Xi Jinping]]
| leader_title2 = [[Vice President of the People's Republic of China|Vice President]]
| leader_name2 = [[Han Zheng]]
| leader_title3 = [[Premier of the People's Republic of China|Premier]]
| leader_name3 = [[Li Qiang]]
| leader_title4 = [[Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress|Congress Chairman]]
| leader_name4 = [[Zhao Leji]]
| leader_title5 = [[Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference|CPPCC Chairman]]{{Efn|Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference}}
| leader_name5 = [[Wang Huning]]
| leader_title6 = 1st [[Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party|CCP Secretariat's Member]]
| legislature = [[National People's Congress|National People's Congress]]{{Efn|While not an upper house of the legislature, the [[Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference|Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]] exists as an advisory body. However, much of the parliamentary functions are held by the [[Standing Committee of the National People's Congress|Standing Committee of the National People's Congress]] when ordinary congress is not in session.}}
| sovereignty_type = [[History of China|Formation]]
| established_event1 = [[Xia dynasty|First pre-imperial dynasty]]
| established_date1 = {{C.|2070 BCE}}
| established_event2 = [[Qin dynasty|First imperial dynasty]]
| established_date2 = 221 BCE
| established_event3 = [[1911 Revolution|Establishment of the Republic of China]]
| established_date3 = 1 Milatok 1912
| established_event4 = [[Charter of the United Nations|Admitted to the]] [[United Nations]]
| established_date4 = 24 Gumas 1945{{Efn|Joined as the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]] on Mainland China. [[China and the United Nations|Representation]] [[United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758|changed]] to the People's Republic of China from 25 October 1971 and began representing China at the UN from 15 November 1971.}}
| established_event5 = [[Proclamation of the People's Republic of China|Proclamation of the People's Republic]]
| established_date5 = 1 Gumas 1949
| established_event6 = [[Constitution of the People's Republic of China|First constitution]]
| established_date6 = 20 Manom 1954
| established_event7 = [[Constitution of the People's Republic of China|Current constitution]]
| established_date7 = 4 Momuhau 1982
| established_event8 = [[Transfer of sovereignty over Macau|Most recent polity admitted]]
| established_date8 = 20 Momuhau 1999
| area_km2 = 9,596,961
| area_footnote = {{Efn|The area given is the official United Nations figure for [[Mainland China|the mainland]] and excludes [[Hong Kong]], [[Macau]] and [[Taiwan]].<ref name="UN Stat">{{Cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2007/Table03.pdf|title=Demographic Yearbook—Table 3: Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density|publisher=UN Statistics|year=2007|access-date=31 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101224063215/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2007/Table03.pdf|archive-date=24 December 2010}}</ref> It also excludes the [[Trans-Karakoram Tract|Trans-Karakoram Tract]] ({{Cvt|5180|km2}}), [[Aksai Chin]] ({{Cvt|38000|km2}}) and other territories in dispute with India. The total area of China is listed as {{Cvt|9572900|km2}} by the ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/111803/China|title=China|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=16 November 2012}}</ref> For further information, see [[Territorial changes of the People's Republic of China|Territorial changes of the People's Republic of China]].}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Total surface area as of 19 January 2007|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/environment/totalarea.htm|website=United Nations Statistics Division }}</ref>
| area_rank = 3rd / 4th
| area_sq_mi = 3,705,407 <!-- Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]] -->
| percent_water = 2.8{{Efn|This figure was calculated using data from the CIA World Factbook.<ref name="CIA" />}}
| population_estimate = {{DecreaseNeutral}} 1,409,670,000<ref>{{Cite news |last=Master |first=Farah |date=2024-01-17 |title=China's population drops for second year, with record low birth rate |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/china/chinas-population-drops-2nd-year-raises-long-term-growth-concerns-2024-01-17/ |access-date=2024-01-17 |newspaper=[[Reuters]] }}</ref>
| population_estimate_year = 2023
| population_estimate_rank = 2nd
| population_census_year = 2020
| population_census_rank = 2nd
| population_density_km2 = 145<ref>{{Cite web|title=Population density (people per km<sup>2</sup> of land area)|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST|publisher=IMF|access-date=16 May 2015}}</ref>
| population_density_sq_mi = 373 <!-- Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]] -->
| population_density_rank = 83rd
| GDP_PPP = {{Increase}} $32.898 trillion<ref name="IMFWEO.CN">{{Cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=924,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (China) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund|International Monetary Fund]] |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=10 October 2023}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year = 2023
| GDP_PPP_rank = 1st
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{Increase}} $23,309<ref name="IMFWEO.CN" />
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 73rd
| GDP_nominal = {{Decrease}} $17.701 trillion{{Efn|GDP figures exclude [[Taiwan]], and the [[Special administrative regions of China|special administrative regions]] of [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]].}}<ref name="IMFWEO.CN" />
| GDP_nominal_year = 2023
| GDP_nominal_rank = 2nd
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{Decrease}} $12,541<ref name="IMFWEO.CN" />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 71st
| Gini = 37.1 <!-- number only -->
| Gini_year = 2020
| Gini_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref = <ref name="GINI">{{Cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=CN&most_recent_year_desc=true|title=Gini index – China|publisher=World Bank|access-date=24 May 2022}}</ref>
| Gini_rank =
| HDI = 0.768 <!-- number only -->
| HDI_year = 2021 <!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{Cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf |archive-date=9 October 2022 |url-status=live|title=Human Development Report 2021/2022|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme|United Nations Development Programme]]|date=8 September 2022|access-date=8 September 2022}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 79th
| currency = [[Renminbi]] (元/¥){{Efn|{{Bulleted list|[[Hong Kong dollar|Hong Kong dollar]] used in Hong Kong and Macau.|[[Macanese pataca]] used in Macau only.}}}}
| currency_code = CNY
| time_zone = [[Time in China|CST]]
| utc_offset = [[UTC+08:00|+8]]
| utc_offset_DST =
| DST_note = ''[[Daylight saving time|DST]] is not observed.''
| time_zone_DST =
| date_format = {{Vunblist|yyyy-mm-dd|''or'' yyyy{{Lang|zh|年}}m{{Lang|zh|月}}d{{Lang|zh|日}}|([[Common Era|CE]]; [[Chinese calendar]])}}
| drives_on = right ([[Mainland China|mainland]])<br />left ([[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]])
| calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in China|+86]] (mainland)<br />[[Telephone numbers in Hong Kong|+852]] (Hong Kong)<br />[[Telephone numbers in Macau|+853]] (Macau)
| cctld = {{Hlist|[[.cn|.cn]]|[[.中国|.中国]]|[[.中國|.中國]] (mainland)}}{{Hlist|[[.hk|.hk]]|[[.香港|.香港]] (Hong Kong)}}{{Hlist|[[.mo|.mo]]|[[.澳门|.澳门]]|[[.澳門|.澳門]] (Macau)}}
}}
China nopo nga ointutunan miampai ngaran totopot nopo nga Republik Rakyat China, iso pogun id Asia Timur ii kiwaa tongoulun i ogumu id sompomogunan miampai lobi do 1300 juta tulun, om iso perlimo tulun nopo nga id pomogunan. China nopo nga noporinta do Parti Komunis China id siriba sistom iso parti, om kigana kuasa do 22 wilayah (provinsi), limo koiyonon kiautonomi, apat perbandaran tadbiran potilombus ([[Beijing]], [[Tianjin]], [[Shanghai]], om [[Chongqing]]) om duo koiyonon pontadbiran poimbida ii kiautonomi takawas ([[Hong Kong]] om [[Makau]]). Ibu negara RRC nopo nga Beijing.
Kolinaaban do 9.6 juta kilometer pasagi (3.7 juta batu pasagi), RRC nopo nga pogun kotolu toi kaapat do talaab kopio id pomogunan. om pogun kumoduo tagayo pomogunon do linaab tindal. Landskap nopo nga mogisusuai mantad tana do gouton steppe om gurun (Gobi om Taklamakan) di boogian koibutan di otu'u misampaping do [[Mongolia]] om [[Siberia Rusia]], gisom id talun-talun id subtropika id boogian kaabatan di oyopos-yopos misampaping do pogun [[Vietnam]], [[Laos]], om [[Myanmar]]. Kokitanan winoun id boogian kotonobon asawat om berceranggah, miampai konuluhan-konuluhan Himalaya om Tian Shan di mongobontuk pialatan sandad China om India om nogi Asia tanga. Sopisuai kopio do disan rahat kosilahon tana tagayo China di kitana om nogorissan do pantai soninaru 14,500 kilometer (9,010 bt) id disan Rahat China Kaabatan id tenggara om Rahat China Kosilahon id kosilahon di kowoliu nogi o Taiwan, Korea om Jipun.
== Sukuon ==
{{Reflist}}
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